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aria-controls="toc-History-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle History subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-History-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Early_history_and_arrival_of_Islam" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Early_history_and_arrival_of_Islam"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Early history and arrival of Islam</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Early_history_and_arrival_of_Islam-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Spanish_and_American_colonial_rule" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Spanish_and_American_colonial_rule"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>Spanish and American colonial rule</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Spanish_and_American_colonial_rule-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Postwar_era" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Postwar_era"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3</span> <span>Postwar era</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Postwar_era-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Moro_conflict" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Moro_conflict"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.4</span> <span>Moro conflict</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Moro_conflict-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Peace_process" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Peace_process"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.5</span> <span>Peace process</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Peace_process-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Formation_of_ARMM_and_1996_peace_deal" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Formation_of_ARMM_and_1996_peace_deal"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.5.1</span> <span>Formation of ARMM and 1996 peace deal</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Formation_of_ARMM_and_1996_peace_deal-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Peace_talks_with_the_MILF" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Peace_talks_with_the_MILF"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.5.2</span> <span>Peace talks with the MILF</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Peace_talks_with_the_MILF-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Creation_of_Bangsamoro" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Creation_of_Bangsamoro"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.6</span> <span>Creation of Bangsamoro</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Creation_of_Bangsamoro-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Transition_process" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Transition_process"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.6.1</span> <span>Transition process</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Transition_process-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Administrative_divisions" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Administrative_divisions"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Administrative divisions</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Administrative_divisions-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Administrative divisions subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Administrative_divisions-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Provinces" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Provinces"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>Provinces</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Provinces-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Governors_and_vice_governors" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Governors_and_vice_governors"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1.1</span> <span>Governors and vice governors</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Governors_and_vice_governors-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Demographics" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Demographics"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Demographics</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Demographics-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Demographics subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Demographics-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Languages" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Languages"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span>Languages</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Languages-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Government" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Government"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Government</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Government-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Government subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Government-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Organizational_structure" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Organizational_structure"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.1</span> <span>Organizational structure</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Organizational_structure-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Ceremonial" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ceremonial"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.1.1</span> <span>Ceremonial</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ceremonial-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Executive" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Executive"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.1.2</span> <span>Executive</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Executive-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Legislative" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Legislative"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.1.3</span> <span>Legislative</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Legislative-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Judiciary" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Judiciary"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.1.4</span> <span>Judiciary</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Judiciary-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Relation_to_the_central_government" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Relation_to_the_central_government"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.2</span> <span>Relation to the central government</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Relation_to_the_central_government-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Economy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Economy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Economy</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Economy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Culture" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Culture"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Culture</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Culture-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Natural_heritage" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Natural_heritage"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Natural heritage</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Natural_heritage-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notable_people" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notable_people"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>Notable people</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notable_people-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>Notes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">12</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">13</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Bangsamoro</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 39 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-39" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">39 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%AC%D8%B3%D8%A7%D9%85%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%88" title="بانجسامورو – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="بانجسامورو" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%82%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%AE%E0%A7%8B%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%8B" title="বাংসামোরো – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="বাংসামোরো" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bcl mw-list-item"><a href="https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bangsamoro" title="Bangsamoro – Central Bikol" lang="bcl" hreflang="bcl" data-title="Bangsamoro" data-language-autonym="Bikol Central" data-language-local-name="Central Bikol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bikol Central</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bangsamoro" title="Bangsamoro – Cebuano" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Bangsamoro" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="Cebuano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bangsamoro" title="Bangsamoro – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Bangsamoro" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cbk-zam mw-list-item"><a href="https://cbk-zam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bangsamoro" title="Bangsamoro – Chavacano" lang="cbk" hreflang="cbk" data-title="Bangsamoro" data-language-autonym="Chavacano de Zamboanga" data-language-local-name="Chavacano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Chavacano de Zamboanga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bangsamoro" title="Bangsamoro – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Bangsamoro" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%9C%CF%80%CE%B1%CE%BD%CE%B3%CE%BA%CF%83%CE%B1%CE%BC%CF%8C%CF%81%CE%BF" title="Μπανγκσαμόρο – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Μπανγκσαμόρο" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bangsamoro" title="Bangsamoro – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Bangsamoro" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bangsamoro" title="Bangsamoro – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Bangsamoro" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%86%DA%AF%D8%B3%D8%A7%D9%85%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%88" title="بانگسامورو – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="بانگسامورو" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bangsamoro" title="Bangsamoro – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Bangsamoro" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bangsamoro" title="Bangsamoro – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Bangsamoro" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%B0%A9%EC%82%AC%EB%AA%A8%EB%A1%9C" title="방사모로 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="방사모로" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AC%E0%A5%88%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%97%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8B" title="बैंगसमोरो – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="बैंगसमोरो" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bangsamoro" title="Bangsamoro – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Bangsamoro" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ilo mw-list-item"><a href="https://ilo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bangsamoro" title="Bangsamoro – Iloko" lang="ilo" hreflang="ilo" data-title="Bangsamoro" data-language-autonym="Ilokano" data-language-local-name="Iloko" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ilokano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bangsamoro" title="Bangsamoro – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Bangsamoro" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bangsamoro" title="Bangsamoro – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Bangsamoro" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pam mw-list-item"><a href="https://pam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bangs%C3%A2ng_Moru" title="Bangsâng Moru – Pampanga" lang="pam" hreflang="pam" data-title="Bangsâng Moru" data-language-autonym="Kapampangan" data-language-local-name="Pampanga" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kapampangan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%91%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%92%E1%83%A1%E1%83%90%E1%83%9B%E1%83%9D%E1%83%A0%E1%83%9D" title="ბანგსამორო – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ბანგსამორო" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lad mw-list-item"><a href="https://lad.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nasion_Mora" title="Nasion Mora – Ladino" lang="lad" hreflang="lad" data-title="Nasion Mora" data-language-autonym="Ladino" data-language-local-name="Ladino" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ladino</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bangsamoro" title="Bangsamoro – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Bangsamoro" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B3%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE" title="Бангсаморо – Macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Бангсаморо" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bangsamoro" title="Bangsamoro – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Bangsamoro" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bangsamoro" title="Bangsamoro – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Bangsamoro" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%90%E3%83%B3%E3%82%B5%E3%83%A2%E3%83%AD%E8%87%AA%E6%B2%BB%E5%9C%B0%E5%9F%9F" title="バンサモロ自治地域 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="バンサモロ自治地域" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pag mw-list-item"><a href="https://pag.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bangsamoro" title="Bangsamoro – Pangasinan" lang="pag" hreflang="pag" data-title="Bangsamoro" data-language-autonym="Pangasinan" data-language-local-name="Pangasinan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Pangasinan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%86%DA%AF%D8%B3%D8%A7%D9%85%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%88" title="بانگسامورو – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="بانگسامورو" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bangsamoro" title="Bangsamoro – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Bangsamoro" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bangsamoro" title="Bangsamoro – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Bangsamoro" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B3%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE" title="Бангсаморо – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Бангсаморо" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bangsamoro" title="Bangsamoro – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Bangsamoro" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%82%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%99%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%8B%E0%B8%B2%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%A1%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%83%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%B2%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B8%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%A1" title="เขตปกครองตนเองบังซาโมโรในมินดาเนามุสลิม – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="เขตปกครองตนเองบังซาโมโรในมินดาเนามุสลิม" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bangsamoro" title="Bangsamoro – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Bangsamoro" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%86%DA%AF%D8%B3%D8%A7%D9%85%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%A7_(%D8%B3%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%B3%DB%8C_%D9%88%D8%AC%D9%88%D8%AF)" title="بانگسامورا (سیاسی وجود) – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="بانگسامورا (سیاسی وجود)" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bangsamoro" title="Bangsamoro – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Bangsamoro" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bangsamoro" title="Bangsamoro – Waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Bangsamoro" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="Waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%82%A6%E8%96%A9%E6%91%A9%E6%B4%9B" title="邦薩摩洛 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="邦薩摩洛" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q806550#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet 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.geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Bangsamoro&params=7.22_N_124.25_E_region:PH_type:city(4944800)"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">7°13′N</span> <span class="longitude">124°15′E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">7.22°N 124.25°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">7.22; 124.25</span></span></span></a></span></span></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Autonomous region of the Philippines</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">For other uses, see <a href="/wiki/Bangsamoro_(disambiguation)" class="mw-disambig" title="Bangsamoro (disambiguation)">Bangsamoro (disambiguation)</a>.</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint 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.infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1043192559">.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement{width:23em;border-collapse:collapse;line-height:1.2em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement td,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement th{border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0.4em 0.6em 0.4em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-header,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-label,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-below{border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0.4em 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedrow .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedrow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedrow .infobox-label{border:0;padding:0 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedbottomrow .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedbottomrow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedbottomrow .infobox-label{border-top:0;border-bottom:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0 0.6em 0.4em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .maptable{border:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-header,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-below{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-above{font-size:125%;line-height:1.3em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-subheader{background-color:#cddeff;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-native{font-weight:normal;padding-top:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-other-name{font-size:78%}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-official{font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-caption{padding:0.3em 0 0 0}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-caption-link{padding:0.2em 0}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-nickname{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-fn{font-weight:normal;display:inline}</style><table class="infobox ib-settlement vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above"><div class="fn org">Bangsamoro</div> <div class="nickname ib-settlement-native"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1227789315">.mw-parser-output .script-arabic{font-family:"Scheherazade New","SF Arabic",Amiri,"Noto Naskh Arabic","Droid Arabic Naskh","Noto Sans Arabic","Sakkal Majalla","Harmattan","Arabic Typesetting","Arabic Transparent","Times New Roman",Arial,Calibri,"Microsoft Sans Serif","Segoe UI",serif,sans-serif;font-weight:normal}</style><span class="script-arabic script-Arab" dir="rtl" style="font-size: 125%;">باڠسامورو</span>‎</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader"><div class="category"><a href="/wiki/Autonomous_regions_of_the_Philippines" title="Autonomous regions of the Philippines">Autonomous region</a></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow ib-settlement-official"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data">Bangsamoro Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><div style="background-color:transparent;border-collapse:collapse;border:0px solid black;width:250px;display:table;margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><div style="display:table-row"><div style="display:table-cell;border-top:0;padding:2px 0 0 2px"><div style="display:table;background-color:transparent;border-collapse:collapse"><div style="display:table-row"><div style="display:table-cell;border-top:0;padding:0 2px 2px 0"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:OCM_BGC.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Bangsamoro Government Center"><img alt="Bangsamoro Government Center" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f1/OCM_BGC.jpg/124px-OCM_BGC.jpg" decoding="async" width="124" height="83" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f1/OCM_BGC.jpg/186px-OCM_BGC.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f1/OCM_BGC.jpg/248px-OCM_BGC.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5184" data-file-height="3456" /></a></span></div><div style="display:table-cell;border-top:0;padding:0 2px 2px 0"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Bulingan_Falls_Lamitan.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Bulingan Falls, Lamitan city, Basilan"><img alt="Bulingan Falls, Lamitan city, Basilan" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/Bulingan_Falls_Lamitan.jpg/124px-Bulingan_Falls_Lamitan.jpg" decoding="async" width="124" height="70" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/Bulingan_Falls_Lamitan.jpg/186px-Bulingan_Falls_Lamitan.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/Bulingan_Falls_Lamitan.jpg/248px-Bulingan_Falls_Lamitan.jpg 2x" data-file-width="960" data-file-height="540" /></a></span></div></div></div><div style="display:table;background-color:transparent;border-collapse:collapse"><div style="display:table-row"><div style="display:table-cell;border-top:0;padding:0 2px 2px 0"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Panampangan_Island.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Panampangan Island, Sapa-sapa, Tawi-Tawi"><img alt="Panampangan Island, Sapa-sapa, Tawi-Tawi" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0e/Panampangan_Island.jpg/124px-Panampangan_Island.jpg" decoding="async" width="124" height="93" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0e/Panampangan_Island.jpg/186px-Panampangan_Island.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0e/Panampangan_Island.jpg/248px-Panampangan_Island.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3973" data-file-height="2980" /></a></span></div><div style="display:table-cell;border-top:0;padding:0 2px 2px 0"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Polloc_Port.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Polloc Port, Parang, Maguindanao del Norte"><img alt="Polloc Port, Parang, Maguindanao del Norte" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/Polloc_Port.jpg/124px-Polloc_Port.jpg" decoding="async" width="124" height="93" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/Polloc_Port.jpg/186px-Polloc_Port.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/Polloc_Port.jpg/248px-Polloc_Port.jpg 2x" data-file-width="960" data-file-height="720" /></a></span></div></div></div><div style="display:table;background-color:transparent;border-collapse:collapse"><div style="display:table-row"><div style="display:table-cell;border-top:0;padding:0 2px 2px 0"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Lake_Lanao_Marawi_City.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Lanao Lake at Marawi City"><img alt="Lanao Lake at Marawi City" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Lake_Lanao_Marawi_City.jpg/124px-Lake_Lanao_Marawi_City.jpg" decoding="async" width="124" height="93" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Lake_Lanao_Marawi_City.jpg/186px-Lake_Lanao_Marawi_City.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Lake_Lanao_Marawi_City.jpg/248px-Lake_Lanao_Marawi_City.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1200" /></a></span></div><div style="display:table-cell;border-top:0;padding:0 2px 2px 0"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:PC_Hill_Cotabato_City.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="PC Hill Cotabato City"><img alt="PC Hill Cotabato City" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/PC_Hill_Cotabato_City.jpg/124px-PC_Hill_Cotabato_City.jpg" decoding="async" width="124" height="93" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/PC_Hill_Cotabato_City.jpg/186px-PC_Hill_Cotabato_City.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/PC_Hill_Cotabato_City.jpg/248px-PC_Hill_Cotabato_City.jpg 2x" data-file-width="960" data-file-height="720" /></a></span></div></div></div></div></div></div> <div style="font-size:95%">Left to right, top to bottom: <a href="/wiki/Bangsamoro_Government_Center" title="Bangsamoro Government Center">Bangsamoro Government Center</a>; Bulingan Falls, <a href="/wiki/Lamitan,_Basilan" class="mw-redirect" title="Lamitan, Basilan">Lamitan, Basilan</a>; Panampangan Island, <a href="/wiki/Sapa-sapa,_Tawi-Tawi" class="mw-redirect" title="Sapa-sapa, Tawi-Tawi">Sapa-sapa, Tawi-Tawi</a>; Polloc Port, <a href="/wiki/Parang,_Maguindanao" class="mw-redirect" title="Parang, Maguindanao">Parang, Maguindanao</a>; <a href="/wiki/Lanao_Lake" class="mw-redirect" title="Lanao Lake">Lanao Lake</a> at Marawi City; and PC Hill, <a href="/wiki/Cotabato_City" title="Cotabato City">Cotabato City</a></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data maptable"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1028600610">.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-cols{text-align:center;display:table;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-cols-row{display:table-row}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-cols-cell{display:table-cell;vertical-align:middle}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-cols-cellt{display:table-cell;vertical-align:top}</style> <div class="ib-settlement-cols"> <div class="ib-settlement-cols-row"><div class="ib-settlement-cols-cell"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Bangsamoro.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Flag of Bangsamoro"><img alt="Flag of Bangsamoro" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/Flag_of_Bangsamoro.svg/100px-Flag_of_Bangsamoro.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="55" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/Flag_of_Bangsamoro.svg/150px-Flag_of_Bangsamoro.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/Flag_of_Bangsamoro.svg/200px-Flag_of_Bangsamoro.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="550" data-file-height="300" /></a></span><div class="ib-settlement-caption-link"><a href="/wiki/Flag_of_Bangsamoro" title="Flag of Bangsamoro">Flag</a></div></div><div class="ib-settlement-cols-cell"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Seal_of_Bangsamoro.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Official seal of Bangsamoro"><img alt="Official seal of Bangsamoro" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Seal_of_Bangsamoro.svg/100px-Seal_of_Bangsamoro.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="100" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Seal_of_Bangsamoro.svg/150px-Seal_of_Bangsamoro.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Seal_of_Bangsamoro.svg/200px-Seal_of_Bangsamoro.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="296" data-file-height="296" /></a></span><div class="ib-settlement-caption-link"><a href="/wiki/Seal_of_Bangsamoro" class="mw-redirect" title="Seal of Bangsamoro">Seal</a></div></div></div></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data">Anthem: <a href="/wiki/Bangsamoro_Hymn" class="mw-redirect" title="Bangsamoro Hymn">Bangsamoro Hymn</a> <br /><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span><audio id="mwe_player_0" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="220" style="width:220px;" data-durationhint="150" data-mwtitle="Hymn_of_Bangsamoro.ogg" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/85/Hymn_of_Bangsamoro.ogg/Hymn_of_Bangsamoro.ogg.mp3" type="audio/mpeg" data-transcodekey="mp3" data-width="0" data-height="0" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/85/Hymn_of_Bangsamoro.ogg" type="audio/ogg; codecs="vorbis"" data-width="0" data-height="0" /></audio></span></span></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Bangsamoro_Autonomous_Region_in_Muslim_Mindanao_in_Philippines.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Location in the Philippines"><img alt="Location in the Philippines" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Bangsamoro_Autonomous_Region_in_Muslim_Mindanao_in_Philippines.svg/250px-Bangsamoro_Autonomous_Region_in_Muslim_Mindanao_in_Philippines.svg.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="330" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Bangsamoro_Autonomous_Region_in_Muslim_Mindanao_in_Philippines.svg/375px-Bangsamoro_Autonomous_Region_in_Muslim_Mindanao_in_Philippines.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Bangsamoro_Autonomous_Region_in_Muslim_Mindanao_in_Philippines.svg/500px-Bangsamoro_Autonomous_Region_in_Muslim_Mindanao_in_Philippines.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1871" data-file-height="2468" /></a></span><div class="ib-settlement-caption">Location in the Philippines</div></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1214851843">.mw-parser-output .hidden-begin{box-sizing:border-box;width:100%;padding:5px;border:none;font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .hidden-title{font-weight:bold;line-height:1.6;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .hidden-content{text-align:left}@media all and (max-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .hidden-begin{width:auto!important;clear:none!important;float:none!important}}</style><div class="hidden-begin mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style=""><div class="hidden-title skin-nightmode-reset-color" style="text-align:center;">OpenStreetMap</div><div class="hidden-content mw-collapsible-content" style=""><a class="mw-kartographer-map notheme mw-kartographer-container center" style="width: 250px; height: 200px;" data-mw-kartographer="mapframe" data-style="osm-intl" data-width="250" data-height="200" data-zoom="8" data-overlays="["_8bfac53514c0f13aeead6dd25c2854e8321ba12a"]"><img src="https://maps.wikimedia.org/img/osm-intl,8,a,a,250x200.png?lang=en&domain=en.wikipedia.org&title=Bangsamoro&revid=1259095061&groups=_8bfac53514c0f13aeead6dd25c2854e8321ba12a" width="250" height="200" decoding="async" srcset="https://maps.wikimedia.org/img/osm-intl,8,a,a,250x200@2x.png?lang=en&domain=en.wikipedia.org&title=Bangsamoro&revid=1259095061&groups=_8bfac53514c0f13aeead6dd25c2854e8321ba12a 2x" alt="Map" /></a></div></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedbottomrow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data">Coordinates: <span class="geo-inline"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Bangsamoro&params=7.22_N_124.25_E_region:PH_type:city(4944800)"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">7°13′N</span> <span class="longitude">124°15′E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">7.22°N 124.25°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">7.22; 124.25</span></span></span></a></span></span></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Country</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Philippines" title="Philippines">Philippines</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Island_groups_of_the_Philippines" title="Island groups of the Philippines">Island group</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Mindanao" title="Mindanao">Mindanao</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/2019_Bangsamoro_autonomy_plebiscite" title="2019 Bangsamoro autonomy plebiscite">Creation plebiscite</a><sup class="plainlinks nourlexpansion citation" id="ref_c"><a href="#endnote_c">c</a></sup></th><td class="infobox-data">January 21, 2019</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Bangsamoro_transition_period" title="Bangsamoro transition period">Turnover</a><sup class="plainlinks nourlexpansion citation" id="ref_c"><a href="#endnote_c">c</a></sup></th><td class="infobox-data">February 26, 2019</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Inauguration of government</th><td class="infobox-data">March 29, 2019</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Seat</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Cotabato_City" title="Cotabato City">Cotabato City</a> (<i>de facto</i><sup id="cite_ref-cotabato-seat_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-cotabato-seat-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>a<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>)<br /><a href="/wiki/Parang,_Maguindanao_del_Norte" title="Parang, Maguindanao del Norte">Parang, Maguindanao del Norte</a> (<i>de jure</i><sup id="cite_ref-parang-seat_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-parang-seat-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>b<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Government<div class="ib-settlement-fn"></div></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Type</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Devolution" title="Devolution">Devolved</a> <a href="/wiki/Autonomous_regions_of_the_Philippines" title="Autonomous regions of the Philippines">regional</a> <a href="/wiki/Parliamentary_system" title="Parliamentary system">parliamentary government</a> within a <a href="/wiki/Unitary_state" title="Unitary state">unitary</a> <a href="/wiki/Presidential_system" title="Presidential system">presidential</a> <a href="/wiki/Republic" title="Republic">republic</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Body</th><td class="infobox-data agent"><a href="/wiki/Bangsamoro_Transition_Authority" title="Bangsamoro Transition Authority">Bangsamoro Transition Authority</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • <a href="/wiki/Wa%27l%C4%AB_of_Bangsamoro" title="Wa'lī of Bangsamoro">Wa'lī</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Muslim_Guiamaden" title="Muslim Guiamaden">Muslim Guiamaden</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • <a href="/wiki/Chief_Minister_of_Bangsamoro" title="Chief Minister of Bangsamoro">Chief Minister</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Murad_Ebrahim" title="Murad Ebrahim">Murad Ebrahim</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • <a href="/wiki/Deputy_Chief_Ministers_of_Bangsamoro" class="mw-redirect" title="Deputy Chief Ministers of Bangsamoro">Deputy Chief Ministers</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Ali_Solaiman" title="Ali Solaiman">Ali Solaiman</a><br /><span style="font-size:85%;">(Deputy for the Mainland)</span><br /><a href="/wiki/Albakil_Jikiri" title="Albakil Jikiri">Albakil Jikiri</a><br /><span style="font-size:85%;">(Deputy for the Islands)</span></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • <a href="/wiki/Speaker_of_the_Bangsamoro_Parliament" title="Speaker of the Bangsamoro Parliament">Speaker of the Parliament</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Pangalian_Balindong" title="Pangalian Balindong">Pangalian Balindong</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Population<div class="ib-settlement-fn"><span class="nowrap"> </span>(2020 census)<sup class="plainlinks nourlexpansion citation" id="ref_d"><a href="#endnote_d">d</a></sup></div></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="white-space:nowrap;"> • Total</div></th><td class="infobox-data">4,944,800</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • <a href="/wiki/Household" title="Household">Households</a><div class="ib-settlement-fn"></div></th><td class="infobox-data">832,908</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Demonym" title="Demonym">Demonym</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Moro_people" title="Moro people">Bangsamoro</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Time_zone" title="Time zone">Time zone</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/UTC%2B08:00" title="UTC+08:00">UTC+08:00</a> (<a href="/wiki/Philippine_Standard_Time" title="Philippine Standard Time">PST</a>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Provinces_of_the_Philippines" title="Provinces of the Philippines">Provinces</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><div class="collapsible-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="text-align: left;"> <div style="line-height: 1.6em; font-weight: bold; font-weight:normal;text-align:left;background-color:WhiteSmoke;"><div>5</div></div> <ul class="mw-collapsible-content" style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; line-height: inherit; list-style: none; margin-left: 0;"><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"> <a href="/wiki/Basilan" title="Basilan">Basilan</a> (except <a href="/wiki/Isabela,_Basilan" title="Isabela, Basilan">Isabela City</a>) </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"> <a href="/wiki/Lanao_del_Sur" title="Lanao del Sur">Lanao del Sur</a> </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"> <a href="/wiki/Maguindanao_del_Norte" title="Maguindanao del Norte">Maguindanao del Norte</a> </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"> <a href="/wiki/Maguindanao_del_Sur" title="Maguindanao del Sur">Maguindanao del Sur</a> </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"> <a href="/wiki/Tawi-Tawi" title="Tawi-Tawi">Tawi-Tawi</a> </li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Cities_of_the_Philippines" title="Cities of the Philippines">Cities</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><div class="collapsible-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="text-align: left;"> <div style="line-height: 1.6em; font-weight: bold; font-weight:normal;text-align:left;background-color:WhiteSmoke;"><div>3</div></div> <ul class="mw-collapsible-content" style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; line-height: inherit; list-style: none; margin-left: 0;"><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"> <a href="/wiki/Cotabato_City" title="Cotabato City">Cotabato City</a> </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"> <a href="/wiki/Lamitan" title="Lamitan">Lamitan</a> </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"> <a href="/wiki/Marawi" title="Marawi">Marawi</a> </li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Municipalities_of_the_Philippines" title="Municipalities of the Philippines">Municipalities</a></th><td class="infobox-data">106</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Barangay" title="Barangay">Barangays</a></th><td class="infobox-data">2,135 (including 63 in the <a href="/wiki/Bangsamoro_Special_Geographic_Area" class="mw-redirect" title="Bangsamoro Special Geographic Area">special geographic area</a> in <a href="/wiki/Cotabato" title="Cotabato">Cotabato</a>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/House_of_Representatives_of_the_Philippines" title="House of Representatives of the Philippines">Legislative districts</a></th><td class="infobox-data">6</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Parliamentary_districts_of_Bangsamoro" title="Parliamentary districts of Bangsamoro">Parliamentary districts</a></th><td class="infobox-data">25</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Languages_of_the_Philippines" title="Languages of the Philippines">Languages</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li:last-child::after{content:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:first-child::before{content:" (";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:last-child::after{content:")";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol{counter-reset:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li{counter-increment:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li::before{content:" "counter(listitem)"\a0 "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li ol>li:first-child::before{content:" ("counter(listitem)"\a0 "}</style><div class="hlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Maguindanaon_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Maguindanaon language">Maguindanaon</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Maranao_language" title="Maranao language">Maranao</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Yakan_language" title="Yakan language">Yakan</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Tausug_language" title="Tausug language">Tausug</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Sama_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Sama language">Sama</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Iranun_language" title="Iranun language">Iranun</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Tiruray_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Tiruray language">Tiruray</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Sabah_Malay_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Sabah Malay language">Sabah Malay</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Tagalog_language" title="Tagalog language">Tagalog</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Filipino_language" title="Filipino language">Filipino</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/English_language" title="English language">English</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Arabic" title="Arabic">Arabic</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Chavacano_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Chavacano language">Chavacano</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Cebuano_language" title="Cebuano language">Cebuano</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/List_of_regions_of_the_Philippines_by_GDP" title="List of regions of the Philippines by GDP">GDP</a> (2023)</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Philippine_peso" title="Philippine peso">₱</a>363.69 billion<br /><a href="/wiki/USD" class="mw-redirect" title="USD">$</a>6.54 billion<sup id="cite_ref-grdp_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-grdp-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Growth rate</th><td class="infobox-data"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Increase"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> (4.3%)<sup id="cite_ref-grdp_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-grdp-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Human_Development_Index" title="Human Development Index">HDI</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Increase"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 0.613 (<span style="color:orange;">Medium</span>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">HDI rank</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Philippine_provinces_and_regions_by_Human_Development_Index" title="List of Philippine provinces and regions by Human Development Index">17th in the Philippines</a> (2019)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Website</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://bangsamoro.gov.ph">bangsamoro<wbr />.gov<wbr />.ph</a></span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-below"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1041539562">.mw-parser-output .citation{word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}</style><span class="citation wikicite" id="endnote_a"><b><a href="#ref_a">^</a></b></span> In various local languages written in <a href="/wiki/Jawi_script" title="Jawi script">Jawi script</a> <p><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1041539562"><span class="citation wikicite" id="endnote_b"><b><a href="#ref_b">^</a></b></span> Two-part plebiscite held in two dates. The first part held on January 21, 2019, was for the ratification of the <a href="/wiki/Bangsamoro_Organic_Law" title="Bangsamoro Organic Law">Bangsamoro Organic Law</a>, the charter legislation of the region while the second part was to determine the final possible expanded scope of the region's territory. January 21, 2019, is recognized as the "Bangsamoro Foundation Day" as per the Bangsamoro Administrative Code.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1041539562"><span class="citation wikicite" id="endnote_c"><b><a href="#ref_c">^</a></b></span> Effective dissolution of the predecessor autonomous region, <a href="/wiki/Autonomous_Region_in_Muslim_Mindanao" title="Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao">Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao</a> (ARMM) and turnover of governance to the interim body, <a href="/wiki/Bangsamoro_Transition_Authority" title="Bangsamoro Transition Authority">Bangsamoro Transition Authority</a>. </p> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1041539562"><span class="citation wikicite" id="endnote_d"><b><a href="#ref_d">^</a></b></span> The Philippine Statistics Authority (PSA) used the scope of the former <a href="/wiki/Autonomous_Region_in_Muslim_Mindanao" title="Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao">Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao</a> as its geographic reference for the 2020 census when it was released on July 7, 2021. Cotabato City and the Special Geographic Area were then not included its population count for Bangsamoro. Statistics for said localities were included in the PSA's count for <a href="/wiki/Soccsksargen" title="Soccsksargen">Soccsksargen</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-census-20-barmm_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-census-20-barmm-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-census-20-region-xii_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-census-20-region-xii-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On November 9, 2021, as per PSA Board Resolution No. 13 Series of 2021, Cotabato City and the Special Geographic Area were included in its population count for Bangsamoro and removed from Soccsksargen.<sup id="cite_ref-Philippine_Statistics_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Philippine_Statistics-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Resolution_No._13_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Resolution_No._13-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Figures still include <a href="/wiki/Sulu" title="Sulu">Sulu</a> which was excluded from the region in 2024.</td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Bangsamoro</b>, officially the <b>Bangsamoro Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao</b> (BARMM; <a href="/wiki/Filipino_language" title="Filipino language">Filipino</a>: <i lang="fil">Rehiyong Awtonomo ng Bangsamoro sa Muslim Mindanao</i>; <a href="/wiki/Arabic_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Arabic language">Arabic</a>: <span lang="ar" dir="rtl"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1227789315"><span class="script-arabic script-Arab" dir="rtl" style="font-size: 125%;">منطقة باڠسامورو ذاتية الحكم في مينداناو المسلمة</span>‎</span>, <i>Minṭaqah Banjisāmūrū dhātiyyah al-ḥukm</i>), is an <a href="/wiki/Autonomous_regions_of_the_Philippines" title="Autonomous regions of the Philippines">autonomous region</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Philippines" title="Philippines">Philippines</a>, located in the southwestern portion of the island of <a href="/wiki/Mindanao" title="Mindanao">Mindanao</a>. </p><p>Replacing the <a href="/wiki/Autonomous_Region_in_Muslim_Mindanao" title="Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao">Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao</a> (ARMM), the BARMM was formed with the ratification of its basic law, the <a href="/wiki/Bangsamoro_Organic_Law" title="Bangsamoro Organic Law">Bangsamoro Organic Law</a>, following a <a href="/wiki/2019_Bangsamoro_autonomy_plebiscite" title="2019 Bangsamoro autonomy plebiscite">two-part legally binding plebiscite in Western Mindanao</a> held on January 21 and February 6, 2019. The ratification was confirmed a few days later on January 25 by the <a href="/wiki/Commission_on_Elections_(Philippines)" title="Commission on Elections (Philippines)">Commission on Elections</a> (COMELEC). </p><p>The establishment of Bangsamoro was the culmination of several years of peace talks between the <a href="/wiki/Government_of_the_Philippines" title="Government of the Philippines">Philippine government</a> and several autonomist groups; in particular the <a href="/wiki/Moro_Islamic_Liberation_Front" title="Moro Islamic Liberation Front">Moro Islamic Liberation Front</a> (MILF), which rejected the validity of the ARMM and called for the creation of a region with more powers devolved from the national government. A framework agreement known as the <a href="/wiki/Comprehensive_Agreement_on_the_Bangsamoro" title="Comprehensive Agreement on the Bangsamoro">Comprehensive Agreement on the Bangsamoro</a> was negotiated between the national government and the MILF in 2014. After continued negotiations and debates over certain provisions, the Congress of the Philippines created and ratified a basic law for the region, now referred to as the <a href="/wiki/Bangsamoro_Organic_Law" title="Bangsamoro Organic Law">Bangsamoro Organic Law</a>; the bill was signed into law on July 26, 2018. </p><p>Despite questions on the region's constitutionality, as it would have adopted a <a href="/wiki/Parliamentary_system" title="Parliamentary system">parliamentary system</a> in an area of a country with a <a href="/wiki/Presidential_system" title="Presidential system">presidential system</a> of government, no judicial ruling was made against the organic law and consequently a two-part <a href="/wiki/2019_Bangsamoro_autonomy_plebiscite" title="2019 Bangsamoro autonomy plebiscite">plebiscite</a> was held: one by ARMM citizens determining whether to dissolve the ARMM and immediately replace it with the Bangsamoro and, following the approval on the first part,<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> a second part taken by neighboring municipalities and barangays in the provinces of Lanao del Norte and Cotabato regarding their cession to the Bangsamoro region.<sup id="cite_ref-21ahoy_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21ahoy-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-rejectsix_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-rejectsix-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As a result of the second part of the plebiscite, 63 barangays of Cotabato province were handed over to the Bangsamoro government, adding to the autonomous region's territory.<sup id="cite_ref-63ahoy_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-63ahoy-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-21ahoy_14-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21ahoy-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The Bangsamoro took the place of the ARMM as the only <a href="/wiki/Islam_in_the_Philippines" title="Islam in the Philippines">Muslim-majority</a> autonomous region in the Philippines.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Currently in transition until 2025, the Bangsamoro government has been considered a testing ground for the wider debate on <a href="/wiki/Constitutional_reform_in_the_Philippines" title="Constitutional reform in the Philippines">constitutional reform</a> and <a href="/wiki/Federalism_in_the_Philippines" title="Federalism in the Philippines">federalism in the Philippines</a>.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (February 2024)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>On September 9, 2024, the <a href="/wiki/Supreme_Court_of_the_Philippines" title="Supreme Court of the Philippines">Supreme Court of the Philippines</a>, voting unanimously, mostly upheld the constitutionality of the Bangsamoro Organic Law but declared the province of <a href="/wiki/Sulu" title="Sulu">Sulu</a> to not be part of the autonomous region because of its simple majority vote against its inclusion therein during the <a href="/wiki/2019_Bangsamoro_autonomy_plebiscite" title="2019 Bangsamoro autonomy plebiscite">2019 Bangsamoro autonomy plebiscite</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Etymology">Etymology</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bangsamoro&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Etymology"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The recently coined term Bangsamoro is derived from the <a href="/wiki/Old_Malay" class="mw-redirect" title="Old Malay">Old Malay</a> word <i>bangsa</i> ("<a href="/wiki/Race_(human_categorization)" title="Race (human categorization)">race</a>" or "nation") and <i><a href="/wiki/Moro_people" title="Moro people">Moro</a></i> (the collective term for the various predominantly Muslim ethnic groups in the Philippines, from Spanish <i>moro</i>, "<a href="/wiki/Moors" title="Moors">Moor</a>"<sup id="cite_ref-thirteen_ethnic_groups_21-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-thirteen_ethnic_groups-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bangsamoro&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Eagle_eye_view_Cotabato_City.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d8/Eagle_eye_view_Cotabato_City.jpg/220px-Eagle_eye_view_Cotabato_City.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="124" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d8/Eagle_eye_view_Cotabato_City.jpg/330px-Eagle_eye_view_Cotabato_City.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d8/Eagle_eye_view_Cotabato_City.jpg/440px-Eagle_eye_view_Cotabato_City.jpg 2x" data-file-width="960" data-file-height="540" /></a><figcaption>A view of Cotabato City as seen in February 2018</figcaption></figure> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/History_of_Mindanao" class="mw-redirect" title="History of Mindanao">History of Mindanao</a></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Early_history_and_arrival_of_Islam">Early history and arrival of Islam</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bangsamoro&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Early history and arrival of Islam"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Moro_Sultanates_(Philippines).png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Moro_Sultanates_%28Philippines%29.png/220px-Moro_Sultanates_%28Philippines%29.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="138" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Moro_Sultanates_%28Philippines%29.png/330px-Moro_Sultanates_%28Philippines%29.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Moro_Sultanates_%28Philippines%29.png/440px-Moro_Sultanates_%28Philippines%29.png 2x" data-file-width="1539" data-file-height="966" /></a><figcaption>Approximate historical extent of the Muslim sultanates of <a href="/wiki/Sultanate_of_Sulu" title="Sultanate of Sulu">Sulu</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sultanate_of_Maguindanao" title="Sultanate of Maguindanao">Maguindanao</a> and Lanao</figcaption></figure> <p>For the most part of Philippines' history, the region and most of <a href="/wiki/Mindanao" title="Mindanao">Mindanao</a> have been a separate territory, which enabled it to develop its own culture and identity. The westernmost and west-central areas have been the traditional homeland of <a href="/wiki/Islam_in_the_Philippines" title="Islam in the Philippines">Muslim Filipinos</a> since the 15th century, even before the arrival of the Spanish, who began to colonize most of the Philippines in 1565. Majority of Mindanao was the homeland of indigenous <a href="/wiki/Lumad" title="Lumad">Lumad</a> groups, who were neither <a href="/wiki/Christians" title="Christians">Christians</a> nor <a href="/wiki/Muslim" class="mw-redirect" title="Muslim">Muslims</a>. </p><p>Muslim <a href="/wiki/Merchant" title="Merchant">merchant</a> arrived in <a href="/wiki/Tawi-Tawi" title="Tawi-Tawi">Tawi-Tawi</a> in 1380 and started doing business while also preaching Islam teaching to the native of the area which led to the conversion of the native population to <a href="/wiki/Islam" title="Islam">Islam</a>. In 1457, the <a href="/wiki/Sultanate_of_Sulu" title="Sultanate of Sulu">Sultanate of Sulu</a> was founded, and not long after that, the sultanates of <a href="/wiki/Sultanate_of_Maguindanao" title="Sultanate of Maguindanao">Maguindanao</a> and <a href="/wiki/Sultanate_of_Buayan" title="Sultanate of Buayan">Buayan</a> were also established. At the time when most of the Philippines was under <a href="/wiki/Spanish_Empire" title="Spanish Empire">Spanish rule</a>, these sultanates maintained their independence and regularly challenged Spanish domination of the Philippines by conducting raids on Spanish coastal towns in the north and repulsing repeated Spanish incursions in their territory. It was not until the last quarter of the 19th century that the Sultanate of Sulu formally recognized Spanish <a href="/wiki/Suzerainty" title="Suzerainty">suzerainty</a>, but these areas remained loosely controlled by the Spanish as their sovereignty was limited to military stations and garrisons and pockets of civilian settlements in <a href="/wiki/Zamboanga_(province)" title="Zamboanga (province)">Zamboanga</a> and <a href="/wiki/Cotabato_(historical_province)" title="Cotabato (historical province)">Cotabato</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> until they had to abandon the region as a consequence of their defeat in the <a href="/wiki/Spanish%E2%80%93American_War" title="Spanish–American War">Spanish–American War</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Spanish_and_American_colonial_rule">Spanish and American colonial rule</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bangsamoro&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Spanish and American colonial rule"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Daru_Jambangan.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Daru_Jambangan.jpg/220px-Daru_Jambangan.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="89" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Daru_Jambangan.jpg/330px-Daru_Jambangan.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Daru_Jambangan.jpg/440px-Daru_Jambangan.jpg 2x" data-file-width="977" data-file-height="394" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Darul_Jambangan" title="Darul Jambangan">Darul Jambangan</a> (Palace of Flowers) in <a href="/wiki/Maimbung,_Sulu" class="mw-redirect" title="Maimbung, Sulu">Maimbung</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sulu" title="Sulu">Sulu</a> before it was destroyed by a typhoon in 1932.</figcaption></figure> <p>The <a href="/wiki/Moro_people" title="Moro people">Moros</a> had a history of resistance against Spanish, American, and Japanese rule for over 400 years. The violent armed struggle against the <a href="/wiki/Moros_during_World_War_II" title="Moros during World War II">Japanese</a>, <a href="/wiki/Moro_insurgency_in_the_Philippines" class="mw-redirect" title="Moro insurgency in the Philippines">Filipinos</a>, <a href="/wiki/Spanish%E2%80%93Moro_Wars" class="mw-redirect" title="Spanish–Moro Wars">Spanish</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Moro_Rebellion" title="Moro Rebellion">Americans</a> is considered by modern Moro Muslim leaders as part of the four centuries long "national liberation movement" of the Bangsamoro (Moro Nation), although the term is only used in mainland Mindanao as those in the <a href="/wiki/Sulu_archipelago" class="mw-redirect" title="Sulu archipelago">Sulu archipelago</a> had a much distinct culture.<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The 400-year-long resistance against the Japanese, Americans, and Spanish by the Moro Muslims persisted and morphed into a war for independence against the Philippine state.<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The Filipinos in the northern and central Philippines either volunteered or were forced to surrender the existing city-states to become a part of the Spanish regime except for the islands occupied by the Muslims in the southern Philippines. The three-century rule of the Spaniards did not result in the full conquest of the archipelago due to the resistance of the Moros. The violence and brutality of the Spaniards in their attempts to suppress the Moro groups have resulted in killing numerous families and setting villages on fire.<sup id="cite_ref-auto_25-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The United States' <a href="/wiki/Insular_Government_of_the_Philippine_Islands" title="Insular Government of the Philippine Islands">Insular Government of the Philippine Islands</a> had only been in existence for two years in 1903 when it initiated the "Homestead Program," which was meant to encourage migration of landless populations from non-Muslim areas of the country into the Muslim-majority areas in Mindanao. <a href="/wiki/Lanao_(province)" title="Lanao (province)">Lanao</a> and <a href="/wiki/Cotabato" title="Cotabato">Cotabato</a> in particular saw an influx of migrants from <a href="/wiki/Luzon" title="Luzon">Luzon</a> and <a href="/wiki/Visayas" title="Visayas">Visayas</a>. This influx of migrants led to tensions about land ownership and disenfranchisement of Lumads and Muslims, because the mostly-Christian migrants established claims on the land, whereas the native peoples of Mindanao didn't have a land titling system in place at the time. This US-led <i>Homestead Program,</i> which was later continued or copied by Philippine administrations after independence, is therefore often cited as one of the root-causes of what would later become the larger <a href="/wiki/Moro_conflict" title="Moro conflict">Moro conflict</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1942, during the early stages of the <a href="/wiki/Pacific_War" title="Pacific War">Pacific War</a> of the Second World War, troops of the <a href="/wiki/Japanese_Imperial_Forces" class="mw-redirect" title="Japanese Imperial Forces">Japanese Imperial Forces</a> invaded and overran Mindanao, and the native <a href="/wiki/Moros_during_World_War_II" title="Moros during World War II">Moro Muslims waged an insurgency against the Japanese</a>.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (July 2022)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>Three years later, in 1945, combined <a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States</a> and <a href="/wiki/Philippine_Commonwealth" class="mw-redirect" title="Philippine Commonwealth">Philippine Commonwealth Army</a> troops <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Mindanao" title="Battle of Mindanao">liberated</a> Mindanao, and with the help of local guerrilla units, ultimately defeated the Japanese forces occupying the region. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Postwar_era">Postwar era</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bangsamoro&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Postwar era"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Under pressure to resolve agrarian unrest in various parts of the country and noting that Mindanao was rich in mineral resources and weather favorable to agriculture, later Philippine presidents continued the promotion of migration which the American colonial government began in 1903. Massive arrivals of non-Muslim migrants happened particularly during the Commonwealth period under President <a href="/wiki/Manuel_Quezon" class="mw-redirect" title="Manuel Quezon">Manuel Quezon</a> and later under <a href="/wiki/Right-wing" class="mw-redirect" title="Right-wing">right-wing</a> presidents <a href="/wiki/Ramon_Magsaysay" title="Ramon Magsaysay">Ramon Magsaysay</a> and <a href="/wiki/Ferdinand_Marcos" title="Ferdinand Marcos">Ferdinand Marcos</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-ConflictinMoroLand_27-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ConflictinMoroLand-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As a result, the proportion of indigenous peoples in Mindanao to shrink from majority in 1913 to minority by 1976.<sup id="cite_ref-ConflictinMoroLand_27-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ConflictinMoroLand-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The best lands in Mindanao were given to settlers and owners of corporate agriculture, while most development investments and government services were offered to the Christian population. This caused the Muslim population to be backward and rank among the poorest in their own country.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_28-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The resettlement programme was not entirely peaceful as some settlers managed to obtain land from the native Muslims through harassment and other violent efforts which drove the Muslims out of their own lands.<sup id="cite_ref-:2_29-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The Muslims felt alienated by the Philippine government and felt threatened by the migrants' economic and political domination in their own homeland, the same way the Lumads were displaced centuries ago when Islam arrived in the Philippines. Some Muslim groups turned to extortion and violence to protect their land and avoid being displaced. These activities prevented the Muslims from easily integrating with the rest of the country.<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The Philippine government did not immediately recognize Islamic laws which resulted in the system of education and the socioeconomic development of the Muslims. Children studying in public schools were forced to learn about Christianity while the Bangsamoros struggled with their economy, land, and ownership, and the persistence of hostile and unjust actions compared to the Christian communities in Mindanao.<sup id="cite_ref-auto_25-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>As an effect of the resettlement, traditional Muslim leaders (also referred as <i>datu</i>) were also voted out during the polls as Christians, who made up a significant majority of the voters, preferred the Christian politicians over them. These local <i>datus</i> suffered a loss in prestige as they could no longer control the Muslim lands.<sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> These politicians lost much of the capabilities they had possessed initially to manage the Muslim populace.<sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Moro_conflict">Moro conflict</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bangsamoro&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Moro conflict"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Moro_conflict" title="Moro conflict">Moro conflict</a></div> <p>In March 1968, fishermen in <a href="/wiki/Manila_Bay" title="Manila Bay">Manila Bay</a> rescued a Muslim man named Jibin Arula from the waters. They discovered that he had suffered from gunshot wounds, and he later recounted that he was the lone survivor of what would later be termed the "<a href="/wiki/Jabidah_Massacre" class="mw-redirect" title="Jabidah Massacre">Jabidah Massacre</a>."<sup id="cite_ref-:2_29-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-TessVitug20130318_33-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-TessVitug20130318-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>According to Jibin Arula's account, the <a href="/wiki/Ferdinand_Marcos" title="Ferdinand Marcos">Marcos</a> administration had gathered a group of <a href="/wiki/Taus%C5%ABg_people" title="Tausūg people">Tausūg</a> recruits for an operation called "Project Merdeka" (<i><a href="/wiki/Merdeka" title="Merdeka">merdeka</a></i> being the Malay "freedom"). The military began training them on the island of <a href="/wiki/Corregidor" title="Corregidor">Corregidor</a> to form a secret <a href="/wiki/Commando" title="Commando">commando</a> unit called <i>Jabidah</i>, which would destabilize and take over <a href="/wiki/Sabah" title="Sabah">Sabah</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-TessVitug20000402_34-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-TessVitug20000402-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The trainees eventually rejected their mission, for reasons that are still debated by historians today. Jibin Arula said that whatever the reasons behind their objections, all of the recruits aside from him were killed, and he escaped only by pretending to be dead.<sup id="cite_ref-TessVitug20130318_33-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-TessVitug20130318-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Marcos loyalist <a href="/wiki/Juan_Ponce_Enrile" title="Juan Ponce Enrile">Juan Ponce Enrile</a>, who served as <a href="/wiki/Department_of_Justice_(Philippines)" title="Department of Justice (Philippines)">Justice Secretary</a> and <a href="/wiki/Secretary_of_National_Defense_(Philippines)" title="Secretary of National Defense (Philippines)">Defense Minister</a> during the <a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Philippines_(1965-1986)" class="mw-redirect" title="History of the Philippines (1965-1986)">Marcos administration</a>, claimed this was a hoax, which was reputed as <a href="/wiki/Fake_news" title="Fake news">fake news</a> and an attempt "absolve him (Enrile) of his crimes as the architect of martial law".<sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In Lanao del Sur, Domocao Alonto established the Ansar El Islam (Helpers of Islam) along with <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sayyid_Sharif_Capt._Kalingalan_Caluang&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sayyid Sharif Capt. Kalingalan Caluang (page does not exist)">Sayyid Sharif Capt. Kalingalan Caluang</a>,Rashid Lucman, Salipada Pendatun, Hamid Kamlian, Udtog Matalam, and Atty. Macapantun Abbas Jr. Accordingly, "it is a mass movement for the preservation and development of Islam in the Philippines".<sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The advocacy of Ansar El Islam would, later on, inspire the creation of the <a href="/wiki/Moro_National_Liberation_Front" title="Moro National Liberation Front">Moro National Liberation Front</a> (MNLF) and the MILF. </p><p>Then <a href="/wiki/Lanao_del_Sur" title="Lanao del Sur">Lanao del Sur</a> congressman <a href="/wiki/Rashid_Lucman" title="Rashid Lucman">Rashid Lucman</a> called for <a href="/wiki/Congress_of_the_Philippines" title="Congress of the Philippines">Congress</a> to begin proceedings to <a href="/wiki/Impeachment_in_the_Philippines" title="Impeachment in the Philippines">impeach</a> President Marcos after the exposé implied that Marcos was ultimately responsible for the massacre.<sup id="cite_ref-LucmanProfile_39-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-LucmanProfile-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> When his proposal didn't get enough congressional support, he became convinced that Muslims should rule themselves in Muslim Mindanao - a conviction which led him to eventually establish the Bangsamoro Liberation Organization (BMLO),<sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> which later joined forces with the <a href="/wiki/Moro_National_Liberation_Front" title="Moro National Liberation Front">Moro National Liberation Front</a> (MNLF).<sup id="cite_ref-LucmanProfile_39-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-LucmanProfile-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Cotabato" title="Cotabato">Cotabato</a> governor Datu Udtog Matalam <sup id="cite_ref-RevoltinMindanao:_41-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-RevoltinMindanao:-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> saw the anger of the Muslim people of Mindanao and established the <a href="/wiki/Muslim_Independence_Movement" title="Muslim Independence Movement">Muslim Independence Movement</a> (MIM), which openly called for the <a href="/wiki/Secession" title="Secession">secession</a> of the region to create a Muslim state.<sup id="cite_ref-42" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The MIM did not last long because Datu Udtog Matalam negotiated with Marcos and accepted a post in his cabinet, but many of its members broke away and became the main force of the MNLF.<sup id="cite_ref-BetweenIntegrationandSecession_43-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BetweenIntegrationandSecession-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On September 23, 1972, Ferdinand Marcos announced that he had placed the entirety of the Philippines, including Muslim Mindanao, under <a href="/wiki/Martial_law_under_Ferdinand_Marcos" title="Martial law under Ferdinand Marcos">martial law</a>. During this tumultuous period, relationships and alliances played a critical role in shaping the events. Tun Mustapha, then Chief Minister of Sabah, shared a common lineage with Sayyid Capt. Kalingalan “Apuh Inggal” Caluang, both tracing their ancestry back to the Sultans of Sulu. This shared heritage fostered a close bond between the two leaders, promoting goodwill and cooperation between their respective territories. With Tun Mustapha's support, the first cadre of MNLF fighters, including figures like Al Hussein Caluang, received training in Sabah after their time in Luuk, Sulu (now known as Kalingalan Caluang). While Datu Udtog Matalam's MIM was already defunct, one of its former members, <a href="/wiki/Nur_Misuari" title="Nur Misuari">Nur Misuari</a>, established the MNLF a month after the declaration of Martial Law, on October 21, 1972.<sup id="cite_ref-BetweenIntegrationandSecession_43-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BetweenIntegrationandSecession-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><i><a href="/wiki/Proclamation_1081" class="mw-redirect" title="Proclamation 1081">Proclamation 1081</a></i> dissolved the various political groups that had been previously established in the Moro provinces, and with the MIM having already been dissolved, Marcos' declaration of martial law effectively assured the MNLF, which was more <a href="/wiki/Political_radicalism" class="mw-redirect" title="Political radicalism">radical</a> than its predecessors, would come to dominate the Moro <a href="/wiki/Separatist" class="mw-redirect" title="Separatist">separatist</a> movement.<sup id="cite_ref-44" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Peace_process">Peace process</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bangsamoro&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Peace process"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Bangsamoro_peace_process" title="Bangsamoro peace process">Bangsamoro peace process</a></div> <p>On December 23, 1976, the <a href="/wiki/1976_Tripoli_Agreement" title="1976 Tripoli Agreement">Tripoli Agreement</a> was signed between the Philippine government and the <a href="/wiki/Moro_National_Liberation_Front" title="Moro National Liberation Front">MNLF</a> with the deal brokered by then-Libyan leader <a href="/wiki/Muammar_Gaddafi" title="Muammar Gaddafi">Muammar Gaddafi</a>. Under a deal an autonomous region was to be created in Mindanao.<sup id="cite_ref-willitlast_45-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-willitlast-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Marcos would later implement the agreement by creating two regional autonomous governments, rather than one, in Regions 9 and 12,<sup id="cite_ref-willitlast_45-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-willitlast-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> which cover ten (instead of thirteen) provinces. This led to the collapse of the peace pact and the resumption of hostilities between the MNLF and <a href="/wiki/Government_of_the_Philippines" title="Government of the Philippines">Philippine government forces</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-46" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-howe_47-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-howe-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In signing the 1976 Tripoli Agreement, however, Misuari did not consult one of the MNLF's key commanders, <a href="/wiki/Salamat_Hashim" title="Salamat Hashim">Salamat Hashim</a>. Salamat formed a <a href="/wiki/Political_faction" title="Political faction">splinter faction</a> along with 57 other MNLF ground commanders, which then became the <a href="/wiki/Moro_Islamic_Liberation_Front" title="Moro Islamic Liberation Front">Moro Islamic Liberation Front</a> (MILF).<sup id="cite_ref-Stripped_48-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Stripped-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>A year after Marcos was ousted from power during the <a href="/wiki/People_Power_Revolution" title="People Power Revolution">People Power Revolution</a>, the government under President <a href="/wiki/Corazon_Aquino" title="Corazon Aquino">Corazon Aquino</a> signed the 1987 <a href="/wiki/Jeddah_Accord" title="Jeddah Accord">Jeddah Accord</a> in <a href="/wiki/Saudi_Arabia" title="Saudi Arabia">Saudi Arabia</a> with the MNLF, agreeing to hold further discussions on the proposal for autonomy to the entirety of Mindanao and not just the thirteen provinces stated in the 1976 Tripoli Agreement. In 1989, however, an act establishing the <a href="/wiki/Autonomous_Region_in_Muslim_Mindanao" title="Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao">Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao</a> (ARMM) was passed. The MNLF demanded that the thirteen Tripoli Agreement provinces, majority of which were Christian provinces, be included in the ARMM, but the government refused; eight of those provinces were predominantly <a href="/wiki/Christians" title="Christians">Christian</a>. Shortly thereafter, the government held only four provinces as only <a href="/wiki/Lanao_del_Sur" title="Lanao del Sur">Lanao del Sur</a>, <a href="/wiki/Maguindanao" title="Maguindanao">Maguindanao</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sulu" title="Sulu">Sulu</a> and <a href="/wiki/Tawi-tawi" class="mw-redirect" title="Tawi-tawi">Tawi-tawi</a> voted to be included in the ARMM. The four provinces were the only Muslim-majority provinces at the time.<sup id="cite_ref-howe_47-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-howe-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Formation_of_ARMM_and_1996_peace_deal">Formation of ARMM and 1996 peace deal</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bangsamoro&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Formation of ARMM and 1996 peace deal"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main articles: <a href="/wiki/Autonomous_Region_in_Muslim_Mindanao" title="Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao">Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao</a> and <a href="/wiki/1996_Final_Peace_Agreement" title="1996 Final Peace Agreement">1996 Final Peace Agreement</a></div> <p>A <a href="/wiki/1989_Autonomous_Region_in_Muslim_Mindanao_creation_plebiscite" title="1989 Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao creation plebiscite">plebiscite</a> was held in 1989 for the ratification of the charter which created the <a href="/wiki/Autonomous_Region_in_Muslim_Mindanao" title="Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao">Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao</a> (ARMM), with Zacaria Candao, a counsel of the MNLF as the first elected regional governor. On September 2, 1996, a final <a href="/wiki/1996_Final_Peace_Agreement" title="1996 Final Peace Agreement">peace deal</a> was signed between the MNLF and the Philippine government under President <a href="/wiki/Fidel_Ramos" class="mw-redirect" title="Fidel Ramos">Fidel Ramos</a>. MNLF leader and founder <a href="/wiki/Nur_Misuari" title="Nur Misuari">Nur Misuari</a> was elected regional governor three days after the agreement.<sup id="cite_ref-willitlast_45-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-willitlast-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Another <a href="/wiki/2001_Autonomous_Region_in_Muslim_Mindanao_expansion_and_inclusion_plebiscite" title="2001 Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao expansion and inclusion plebiscite">plebiscite</a> was held in 2001 for the expansion of the region, with the city of <a href="/wiki/Marawi" title="Marawi">Marawi</a> and the province of <a href="/wiki/Basilan" title="Basilan">Basilan</a> (excluding <a href="/wiki/Isabela,_Basilan" title="Isabela, Basilan">Isabela</a>) joining the region. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Peace_talks_with_the_MILF">Peace talks with the MILF</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bangsamoro&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Peace talks with the MILF"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 1996, peace talks between the Philippine government and MNLF's rival group, the MILF, began.<sup id="cite_ref-willitlast_45-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-willitlast-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The first deal between the national government and the MILF was made in 2008: the Memorandum of Agreement on Ancestral Domain (MOA-AD). The agreement would be declared <a href="/wiki/Unconstitutional" class="mw-redirect" title="Unconstitutional">unconstitutional</a> by the <a href="/wiki/Supreme_Court_of_the_Philippines" title="Supreme Court of the Philippines">Supreme Court</a> many weeks later.<sup id="cite_ref-willitlast_45-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-willitlast-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The deal would have led to the creation of the <a href="/wiki/Bangsamoro_Juridical_Entity" title="Bangsamoro Juridical Entity">Bangsamoro Juridical Entity</a> (BJE). Under the administration of President <a href="/wiki/Benigno_Aquino_III" title="Benigno Aquino III">Benigno Aquino III</a>, two deals were agreed upon between the national government and the MILF: the <a href="/wiki/Framework_Agreement_on_the_Bangsamoro" title="Framework Agreement on the Bangsamoro">Framework Agreement on the Bangsamoro</a>, which was signed on October 15, 2012, and the <a href="/wiki/Comprehensive_Agreement_on_the_Bangsamoro" title="Comprehensive Agreement on the Bangsamoro">Comprehensive Agreement on the Bangsamoro</a>, on March 27, 2014,<sup id="cite_ref-49" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-50" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> which included plans regarding the establishment of a new autonomous region. In 2012, Aquino announced intentions to establish a new autonomous political entity to be named <i>Bangsamoro</i> to replace the <a href="/wiki/Autonomous_Region_in_Muslim_Mindanao" title="Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao">ARMM</a>, which he called a "failed experiment".<sup id="cite_ref-51" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Under his administration, a draft for a Bangsamoro Basic Law (BBL) was formulated but failed to gain traction to become law, owing in part to the <a href="/wiki/Mamasapano_clash" title="Mamasapano clash">Mamasapano clash</a> that occurred in January 2015<sup id="cite_ref-willitlast_45-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-willitlast-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> that involved the murder of 44 mostly-Christian <a href="/wiki/Special_Action_Force" title="Special Action Force">Special Action Force</a> (SAF) personnel by allegedly combined forces of the MILF and the <a href="/wiki/Bangsamoro_Islamic_Freedom_Fighters" title="Bangsamoro Islamic Freedom Fighters">Bangsamoro Islamic Freedom Fighters</a> (BIFF) after an operation to kill Malaysian militant <a href="/wiki/Zulkifli_Abdhir" title="Zulkifli Abdhir">Zulkifli Abdhir</a>, known by the alias "Marwan".<sup id="cite_ref-52" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Creation_of_Bangsamoro">Creation of Bangsamoro</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bangsamoro&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Creation of Bangsamoro"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Bangsamoro_plebiscite_voting_Basak_Malutlut_Elementary_School.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Bangsamoro_plebiscite_voting_Basak_Malutlut_Elementary_School.jpg/220px-Bangsamoro_plebiscite_voting_Basak_Malutlut_Elementary_School.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="107" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Bangsamoro_plebiscite_voting_Basak_Malutlut_Elementary_School.jpg/330px-Bangsamoro_plebiscite_voting_Basak_Malutlut_Elementary_School.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Bangsamoro_plebiscite_voting_Basak_Malutlut_Elementary_School.jpg/440px-Bangsamoro_plebiscite_voting_Basak_Malutlut_Elementary_School.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4032" data-file-height="1960" /></a><figcaption>Voters look for their names at a precinct in <a href="/wiki/Marawi" title="Marawi">Marawi</a> during the January 21 BOL plebiscite.</figcaption></figure> <p>Under the presidency of Aquino's successor, <a href="/wiki/Rodrigo_Duterte" title="Rodrigo Duterte">Rodrigo Duterte</a>, a new draft for the BBL was made and became legislated into law as the <a href="/wiki/Bangsamoro_Organic_Law" title="Bangsamoro Organic Law">Bangsamoro Organic Law</a> (BOL) in 2018.<sup id="cite_ref-willitlast_45-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-willitlast-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A <a href="/wiki/2019_Bangsamoro_autonomy_plebiscite" title="2019 Bangsamoro autonomy plebiscite">plebiscite</a> to ratify the BOL was held on January 21, 2019, with a majority of ARMM voters deciding for the ratification of the law. Voters in <a href="/wiki/Cotabato_City" title="Cotabato City">Cotabato City</a> voted to join the new autonomous region, while voters in <a href="/wiki/Isabela,_Basilan" title="Isabela, Basilan">Isabela City</a> voted against inclusion. The <a href="/wiki/Commission_on_Elections" class="mw-redirect" title="Commission on Elections">Commission on Elections</a> proclaimed that the BOL was "deemed ratified" on January 25, 2019.<sup id="cite_ref-53" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-54" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The provincial government of <a href="/wiki/Sulu" title="Sulu">Sulu</a>, where majority voted against inclusion, was also not in favor of the law, with its governor challenging the <a href="/wiki/Constitutionality" title="Constitutionality">constitutionality</a> of the law before the <a href="/wiki/Supreme_Court_of_the_Philippines" title="Supreme Court of the Philippines">Supreme Court</a>. Despite voting against inclusion, Sulu was still included in the Bangsamoro region due to rules stated in the BOL, sparking outrage from residents.<sup id="cite_ref-55" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-55"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-56" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-56"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In February 2019, the second round of the plebiscite was held in the province of <a href="/wiki/Lanao_del_Norte" title="Lanao del Norte">Lanao del Norte</a> and some towns in <a href="/wiki/North_Cotabato" class="mw-redirect" title="North Cotabato">North Cotabato</a>. The plebiscite resulted in the inclusion of 63 of 67 <a href="/wiki/Barangay" title="Barangay">barangays</a> in North Cotabato that participated. It also resulted in the rejection from the province of Lanao del Norte against the bid of six of its Muslim-majority towns to join the Bangsamoro, despite the six towns (<a href="/wiki/Baloi,_Lanao_del_Norte" class="mw-redirect" title="Baloi, Lanao del Norte">Baloi</a>, <a href="/wiki/Munai,_Lanao_del_Norte" class="mw-redirect" title="Munai, Lanao del Norte">Munai</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nunungan,_Lanao_del_Norte" class="mw-redirect" title="Nunungan, Lanao del Norte">Nunungan</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pantar,_Lanao_del_Norte" title="Pantar, Lanao del Norte">Pantar</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tagoloan,_Lanao_del_Norte" title="Tagoloan, Lanao del Norte">Tagoloan</a> and <a href="/wiki/Tangcal,_Lanao_del_Norte" class="mw-redirect" title="Tangcal, Lanao del Norte">Tangcal</a>) opting to join the Bangsamoro by a sheer majority, with one town even voting for inclusion by 100%. A major camp of the MILF was within the Muslim areas of Lanao del Norte.<sup id="cite_ref-57" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-abs-cbn1_58-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-abs-cbn1-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>56<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Transition_process">Transition process</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bangsamoro&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Transition process"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Bangsamoro_transition_period" title="Bangsamoro transition period">Bangsamoro transition period</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Rodrigo_Duterte_BARMM_inauguration_agong.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/Rodrigo_Duterte_BARMM_inauguration_agong.jpg/220px-Rodrigo_Duterte_BARMM_inauguration_agong.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/Rodrigo_Duterte_BARMM_inauguration_agong.jpg/330px-Rodrigo_Duterte_BARMM_inauguration_agong.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/Rodrigo_Duterte_BARMM_inauguration_agong.jpg/440px-Rodrigo_Duterte_BARMM_inauguration_agong.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1350" data-file-height="900" /></a><figcaption>President <a href="/wiki/Rodrigo_Duterte" title="Rodrigo Duterte">Rodrigo Duterte</a> sounds the <a href="/wiki/Agung" title="Agung">agung</a> during the inauguration of Bangsamoro. He is joined by Chief Minister <a href="/wiki/Murad_Ebrahim" title="Murad Ebrahim">Murad Ebrahim</a>.</figcaption></figure> <p>With the ratification of the BOL following the plebiscite on January 21, 2019, the abolition process of the ARMM began, paving way for the setting up of the Bangsamoro autonomous region. Under the BOL, a transitional body, the <a href="/wiki/Bangsamoro_Transition_Authority" title="Bangsamoro Transition Authority">Bangsamoro Transition Authority</a> (BTA), was organized pending the election of the new region's government officials in 2022. The second part of the plebiscite held on February 6, 2019, expanded the scope of the future Bangsamoro region to include 63 barangays in North Cotabato.<sup id="cite_ref-CarolynArguillas20190126_59-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CarolynArguillas20190126-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The members of the BTA took their oaths on February 22, 2019, along with the ceremonial confirmation of the plebiscite results of both the January 21, and February 6, 2019, votes. The official turnover from the ARMM to BARMM took place on February 26, 2019, which meant the full abolition of the former.<sup id="cite_ref-armmturns_60-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-armmturns-60"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-61" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-61"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The inauguration of BARMM and the inaugural session of the Bangsamoro Parliament took place on March 29, 2019.<sup id="cite_ref-62" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-62"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Murad_Ebrahim" title="Murad Ebrahim">Murad Ebrahim</a> took office as the region's first chief minister.<sup id="cite_ref-63" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-63"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>61<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2020, the Bangsamoro parliament requested that the BTA be extended for an additional three years past 2022, to allow further time for the transition.<sup id="cite_ref-64" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-64"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>62<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On October 28, 2021, Duterte signed Republic Act No. 11593, postponing BARMM's first regular parliamentary elections from 2022 to 2025. The law also extended the transition period of the Bangsamoro until 2025.<sup id="cite_ref-65" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-65"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>63<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Following <a href="/wiki/2022_Maguindanao_division_plebiscite" title="2022 Maguindanao division plebiscite">a plebiscite on September 17, 2022</a>, <a href="/wiki/Maguindanao" title="Maguindanao">Maguindanao</a> was split into two provinces; <a href="/wiki/Maguindanao_del_Sur" title="Maguindanao del Sur">Maguindanao del Sur</a> and <a href="/wiki/Maguindanao_del_Norte" title="Maguindanao del Norte">Maguindanao del Norte</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-66" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-66"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>64<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On September 9, 2024, the <a href="/wiki/Supreme_Court_of_the_Philippines" title="Supreme Court of the Philippines">Supreme Court</a> ruled against the constitutionality of the inclusion of <a href="/wiki/Sulu" title="Sulu">Sulu</a> in BARMM due to the simple majority of residents voting against the province's inclusion in the region during the <a href="/wiki/2019_Bangsamoro_autonomy_plebiscite" title="2019 Bangsamoro autonomy plebiscite">2019 Bangsamoro autonomy plebiscite</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-67" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-67"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>65<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The status of which administrative region Sulu belongs to is unclear although the <a href="/wiki/Commission_on_Elections_(Philippines)" title="Commission on Elections (Philippines)">Commission on Elections</a> <i>en banc</i> had the consensus that Sulu should revert to the <a href="/wiki/Zamboanga_Peninsula" title="Zamboanga Peninsula">Zamboanga Peninsula</a>, the region it belonged to prior its inclusion in the ARMM back in 1989.<sup id="cite_ref-barmm-services_68-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-barmm-services-68"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>66<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-comelec-mt-region9_69-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-comelec-mt-region9-69"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>67<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-barmm-execs-sulu-exit_70-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-barmm-execs-sulu-exit-70"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>68<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Administrative_divisions">Administrative divisions</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bangsamoro&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Administrative divisions"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Map_of_Bangsamoro_(local_government_units).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Map_of_Bangsamoro_%28local_government_units%29.svg/550px-Map_of_Bangsamoro_%28local_government_units%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="550" height="317" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Map_of_Bangsamoro_%28local_government_units%29.svg/825px-Map_of_Bangsamoro_%28local_government_units%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Map_of_Bangsamoro_%28local_government_units%29.svg/1100px-Map_of_Bangsamoro_%28local_government_units%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1006" data-file-height="580" /></a><figcaption>Administrative divisions of Bangsamoro</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Provinces">Provinces</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bangsamoro&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Provinces"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Bangsamoro consists of five provinces, three <i>component</i> <a href="/wiki/Cities_of_the_Philippines" title="Cities of the Philippines">cities</a>, 116 <a href="/wiki/Municipalities_of_the_Philippines" title="Municipalities of the Philippines">municipalities</a>, and 2,490 <a href="/wiki/Barangay" title="Barangay">barangays</a>. The city of <a href="/wiki/Isabela,_Basilan" title="Isabela, Basilan">Isabela</a>, despite being part of <a href="/wiki/Basilan" title="Basilan">Basilan</a>, is not under the administrative jurisdiction of the autonomous region. Likewise, 63 barangays in <a href="/wiki/North_Cotabato" class="mw-redirect" title="North Cotabato">North Cotabato</a> also are part of Bangsamoro as the <a href="/wiki/Special_Geographic_Area" title="Special Geographic Area">Special Geographic Area</a> (SGA), despite North Cotabato and their respective parent municipalities not being under the administrative jurisdiction of the autonomous region.<sup id="cite_ref-71" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-71"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>69<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The barangays were reconstituted into eight municipalities following a <a href="/wiki/2024_Special_Geographic_Area_plebiscites" title="2024 Special Geographic Area plebiscites">plebiscite on April 13, 2024</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-72" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-72"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>70<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Additionally <a href="/wiki/Sulu" title="Sulu">Sulu</a> province was <i>de facto</i> part of Bangsamoro from 2019 to 2024. </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r981673959">.mw-parser-output .legend{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .legend-color{display:inline-block;min-width:1.25em;height:1.25em;line-height:1.25;margin:1px 0;text-align:center;border:1px solid black;background-color:transparent;color:black}.mw-parser-output .legend-text{}</style><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#BFF5FF; color:black;border:1px solid darkgray;"> † </span> <span style="font-size:90%;">Regional center</span></li></ul></div> <table class="wikitable sortable" style="margin:auto; background:#fdfdfd; text-align:center; font-size:90%; border:1pt solid gray;"> <tbody><tr> <th scope="col" style="border-bottom:none;" colspan="2" class="unsortable">Province </th> <th scope="col" style="border-bottom:none;" class="unsortable">Capital </th> <th scope="col" style="border-bottom:none;white-space:nowrap;" class="unsortable" colspan="2">Population <span style="font-size:85%;">(2020)</span><sup class="plainlinks nourlexpansion citation" id="ref_NoteA"><a href="#endnote_NoteA">A</a></sup> </th> <th scope="col" style="border-bottom:none;" colspan="2">Area<sup id="cite_ref-73" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-73"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>71<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </th> <th scope="col" style="border-bottom:none;" colspan="2">Density </th> <th scope="col" style="border-bottom:none;" class="unsortable">Cities </th> <th scope="col" style="border-bottom:none;" class="unsortable"><abbr title="Municipalities">Muni.</abbr> </th> <th scope="col" style="border-bottom:none;" class="unsortable"><abbr title="Barangays">Bgy.</abbr> </th></tr> <tr> <th scope="col" style="border-top:none;" colspan="2"> </th> <th scope="col" style="border-top:none;"> </th> <th scope="col" style="border-top:none;" colspan="2"> </th> <th scope="col" style="border-style:none none solid solid;">km<sup>2</sup> </th> <th scope="col" style="border-style:none solid solid none;white-space:nowrap;" class="unsortable">sq mi </th> <th scope="col" style="border-style:none none solid solid;">/km<sup>2</sup> </th> <th scope="col" style="border-style:none solid solid none;white-space:nowrap;" class="unsortable">/sq mi </th> <th scope="col" style="border-top:none;"> </th> <th scope="col" style="border-top:none;"> </th> <th scope="col" style="border-top:none;"> </th></tr> <tr> <th scope="row" style="text-align:left; background:initial;" colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Basilan" title="Basilan">Basilan</a> </th> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Lamitan" title="Lamitan">Lamitan</a> </td> <td style="text-align:right"><span data-sort-value="7001108045697864370♠" style="display:none"></span>10.8%</td> <td style="text-align:right">426,207 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">1,103.50 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">426.06 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">390 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">1,000 </td> <td>1 </td> <td>11 </td> <td>165 </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row" style="text-align:left; background:initial;" colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Lanao_del_Sur" title="Lanao del Sur">Lanao del Sur</a> </th> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Marawi" title="Marawi">Marawi</a> </td> <td style="text-align:right"><span data-sort-value="7001303070049575480♠" style="display:none"></span>30.3%</td> <td style="text-align:right">1,195,518 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">3,872.89 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">1,495.33 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">310 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">800 </td> <td>1 </td> <td>39 </td> <td>1,159 </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row" style="text-align:left; background:initial;" colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Maguindanao_del_Norte" title="Maguindanao del Norte">Maguindanao del Norte</a> </th> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Datu_Odin_Sinsuat" title="Datu Odin Sinsuat">Datu Odin Sinsuat</a> </td> <td style="text-align:right"><span data-sort-value="7001239182171890733♠" style="display:none"></span>23.9%</td> <td style="text-align:right">943,500 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">3,988.82 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">1,540.09 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">240 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">620 </td> <td>1 </td> <td>12 </td> <td>258 </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row" style="text-align:left; background:initial;" colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Maguindanao_del_Sur" title="Maguindanao del Sur">Maguindanao del Sur</a> </th> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Buluan" title="Buluan">Buluan</a> </td> <td style="text-align:right"><span data-sort-value="7001187903390175963♠" style="display:none"></span>18.8%</td> <td style="text-align:right">741,221 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">4,973.48 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">1,920.27 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">150 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">390 </td> <td>0 </td> <td>24 </td> <td>287 </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row" style="text-align:left; background:initial;" colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Tawi-Tawi" title="Tawi-Tawi">Tawi-Tawi</a> </th> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Bongao,_Tawi-Tawi" class="mw-redirect" title="Bongao, Tawi-Tawi">Bongao</a> </td> <td style="text-align:right"><span data-sort-value="7001111612262757143♠" style="display:none"></span>11.2%</td> <td style="text-align:right">440,276 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">1,087.40 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">419.85 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">400 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">1,000 </td> <td>0 </td> <td>11 </td> <td>203 </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row" style="text-align:left;background-color:initial;border-right:0;font-weight:normal;font-style:italic;"><a href="/wiki/Special_Geographic_Area" title="Special Geographic Area">Special Geographic Area</a> </th> <td style="text-align:right;border-left:0;">† </td> <td>— </td> <td style="text-align:right"><span data-sort-value="7000546133893343257♠" style="display:none"></span>5.5%</td> <td style="text-align:right">215,433 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">824.31 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">318.27 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">260 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">670 </td> <td>0 </td> <td>8 </td> <td>63 </td></tr> <tr class="sortbottom"> <th scope="row" colspan="4" style="text-align:left;">Total </th> <th scope="col" style="text-align:right;">3,944,692 </th> <th scope="col" style="text-align:right;">11,935.7 </th> <th scope="col">4,608.40 </th> <th scope="col" style="text-align:right;">330 </th> <th scope="col" style="text-align:right;">850 </th> <th scope="col">3 </th> <th scope="col">105 </th> <th scope="col">2,135 </th></tr> <tr class="sortbottom" style="text-align:left;background-color:#F2F2F2;border-top:double grey;line-height:1.3em;"> <td colspan="13" style="padding-left:1em;"> <ul><li>Figures for Basilan exclude the <i>component city</i> of <a href="/wiki/Isabela,_Basilan" title="Isabela, Basilan">Isabela</a>, which is under the administration of <a href="/wiki/Zamboanga_Peninsula" title="Zamboanga Peninsula">Region IX</a>.</li> <li>Figures for Maguindanao del Norte include the <i>independent component city</i> of <a href="/wiki/Cotabato_City" title="Cotabato City">Cotabato</a>.</li></ul> <p><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#FDFDFD; color:black;border:1px solid darkgray;"> † </span> 63 barangays of Cotabato province are part of the region. </p> </td></tr> <tr class="sortbottom" style="text-align:left; background:#f2f2f2;"> <td colspan="13" style="padding-left:1em;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1041539562"><span class="citation wikicite" id="endnote_NoteA"><b><a href="#ref_NoteA">^A</a></b></span> The Philippine Statistics Authority (PSA) used the scope of the former <a href="/wiki/Autonomous_Region_in_Muslim_Mindanao" title="Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao">Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao</a> as its geographic reference for the 2020 census when it was released on July 7, 2021. Cotabato City and the Special Geographic Area were then not included its population count for Bangsamoro. Statistics for said localities were included in the PSA's count for <a href="/wiki/Soccsksargen" title="Soccsksargen">Soccsksargen</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-census-20-barmm_7-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-census-20-barmm-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-census-20-region-xii_8-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-census-20-region-xii-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On November 9, 2021, as per PSA Board Resolution No. 13 Series of 2021, Cotabato City and the Special Geographic Area were included in its population count for Bangsamoro and removed from Soccsksargen.<sup id="cite_ref-Philippine_Statistics_9-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Philippine_Statistics-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Resolution_No._13_10-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Resolution_No._13-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Governors_and_vice_governors">Governors and vice governors</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bangsamoro&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Governors and vice governors"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable sortable"> <tbody><tr> <th width="140">Province </th> <th colspan="2" width="15">Governor </th> <th colspan="2" width="120">Political party </th> <th width="150">Vice Governor </th></tr> <tr> <td><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Official_Seal_of_Basilan.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Official_Seal_of_Basilan.svg/75px-Official_Seal_of_Basilan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="75" height="75" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Official_Seal_of_Basilan.svg/113px-Official_Seal_of_Basilan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Official_Seal_of_Basilan.svg/150px-Official_Seal_of_Basilan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="478" data-file-height="478" /></a></span></div><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"><a href="/wiki/Basilan" title="Basilan">Basilan</a></div> </td> <td align="center"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Salliman-e1656505717977.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Salliman-e1656505717977.jpg/104px-Salliman-e1656505717977.jpg" decoding="async" width="104" height="138" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Salliman-e1656505717977.jpg/156px-Salliman-e1656505717977.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Salliman-e1656505717977.jpg/208px-Salliman-e1656505717977.jpg 2x" data-file-width="335" data-file-height="445" /></a></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Hadjiman_S._Hataman-Salliman" class="mw-redirect" title="Hadjiman S. Hataman-Salliman">Hadjiman Salliman</a> </td> <td style="width: 2px; color:inherit; background-color: #0D5F31;" data-sort-value="Partido Federal ng Pilipinas"> </td> <td scope="row" style="text-align: left;"><a href="/wiki/Partido_Federal_ng_Pilipinas" title="Partido Federal ng Pilipinas">PFP</a> </td> <td>Yusop Alano </td></tr> <tr> <td><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:PH_seal_lanao_del_sur.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/PH_seal_lanao_del_sur.svg/75px-PH_seal_lanao_del_sur.svg.png" decoding="async" width="75" height="75" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/PH_seal_lanao_del_sur.svg/113px-PH_seal_lanao_del_sur.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/PH_seal_lanao_del_sur.svg/150px-PH_seal_lanao_del_sur.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="490" data-file-height="490" /></a></span></div><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"><a href="/wiki/Lanao_del_Sur" title="Lanao del Sur">Lanao del Sur</a></div> </td> <td align="center"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:BARMM_Governors_unite_-_BARMM_Governors_Caucus_Adiong_Jr._(cropped).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/BARMM_Governors_unite_-_BARMM_Governors_Caucus_Adiong_Jr._%28cropped%29.jpg/88px-BARMM_Governors_unite_-_BARMM_Governors_Caucus_Adiong_Jr._%28cropped%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="88" height="138" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/BARMM_Governors_unite_-_BARMM_Governors_Caucus_Adiong_Jr._%28cropped%29.jpg/133px-BARMM_Governors_unite_-_BARMM_Governors_Caucus_Adiong_Jr._%28cropped%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/BARMM_Governors_unite_-_BARMM_Governors_Caucus_Adiong_Jr._%28cropped%29.jpg/177px-BARMM_Governors_unite_-_BARMM_Governors_Caucus_Adiong_Jr._%28cropped%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="183" data-file-height="285" /></a></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Mamintal_Alonto_Adiong_Jr." class="mw-redirect" title="Mamintal Alonto Adiong Jr.">Mamintal Adiong</a> </td> <td style="width: 2px; color:inherit; background-color: #B0E0E6;" data-sort-value="Lakas–CMD"> </td> <td scope="row" style="text-align: left;"><a href="/wiki/Lakas%E2%80%93CMD" title="Lakas–CMD">Lakas</a> </td> <td>Mohammad Khalid Adiong </td></tr> <tr> <td><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Seal_of_Maguindanao_del_Norte.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/Seal_of_Maguindanao_del_Norte.png/75px-Seal_of_Maguindanao_del_Norte.png" decoding="async" width="75" height="75" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/Seal_of_Maguindanao_del_Norte.png/113px-Seal_of_Maguindanao_del_Norte.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/Seal_of_Maguindanao_del_Norte.png/150px-Seal_of_Maguindanao_del_Norte.png 2x" data-file-width="2642" data-file-height="2641" /></a></span></div><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"><a href="/wiki/Maguindanao_del_Norte" title="Maguindanao del Norte">Maguindanao del Norte</a></div> </td> <td><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Macacua_oathtaking_3_(cropped).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Macacua_oathtaking_3_%28cropped%29.jpg/104px-Macacua_oathtaking_3_%28cropped%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="104" height="138" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Macacua_oathtaking_3_%28cropped%29.jpg/155px-Macacua_oathtaking_3_%28cropped%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Macacua_oathtaking_3_%28cropped%29.jpg/207px-Macacua_oathtaking_3_%28cropped%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="218" data-file-height="290" /></a></span></div> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Abdulraof_Macacua" title="Abdulraof Macacua">Abdulraof Macacua</a><br /><i>(disputed<sup id="cite_ref-74" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-74"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>c<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>)</i> </td> <td style="width: 2px; color:inherit; background-color: #026701;" data-sort-value="United Bangsamoro Justice Party"> </td> <td scope="row" style="text-align: left;"><a href="/wiki/United_Bangsamoro_Justice_Party" title="United Bangsamoro Justice Party">UBJP</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ainee_Sinsuat" title="Ainee Sinsuat">Ainee Sinsuat</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Seal_of_Maguindanao_del_Sur.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Seal_of_Maguindanao_del_Sur.svg/75px-Seal_of_Maguindanao_del_Sur.svg.png" decoding="async" width="75" height="75" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Seal_of_Maguindanao_del_Sur.svg/113px-Seal_of_Maguindanao_del_Sur.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Seal_of_Maguindanao_del_Sur.svg/150px-Seal_of_Maguindanao_del_Sur.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="786" data-file-height="785" /></a></span></div><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"><a href="/wiki/Maguindanao_del_Sur" title="Maguindanao del Sur">Maguindanao del Sur</a></div> </td> <td align="center"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Gov._Bai_Mariam_Mangudadatu.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Gov._Bai_Mariam_Mangudadatu.jpg/118px-Gov._Bai_Mariam_Mangudadatu.jpg" decoding="async" width="118" height="138" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Gov._Bai_Mariam_Mangudadatu.jpg/178px-Gov._Bai_Mariam_Mangudadatu.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/41/Gov._Bai_Mariam_Mangudadatu.jpg 2x" data-file-width="224" data-file-height="261" /></a></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Mariam_Mangudadatu" title="Mariam Mangudadatu">Mariam Mangudadatu</a> </td> <td style="width: 2px; color:inherit; background-color: #F8F9FA;" data-sort-value="Nacionalista"> </td> <td scope="row" style="text-align: left;"><a href="/wiki/Nacionalista" class="mw-redirect" title="Nacionalista">Nacionalista</a> </td> <td>Nathaniel Midtimbang </td></tr> <tr> <td><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Seal_of_Tawi-Tawi.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/Seal_of_Tawi-Tawi.png/75px-Seal_of_Tawi-Tawi.png" decoding="async" width="75" height="75" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/Seal_of_Tawi-Tawi.png/113px-Seal_of_Tawi-Tawi.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/Seal_of_Tawi-Tawi.png/150px-Seal_of_Tawi-Tawi.png 2x" data-file-width="5874" data-file-height="5874" /></a></span></div><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"><a href="/wiki/Tawi-Tawi" title="Tawi-Tawi">Tawi-Tawi</a></div> </td> <td align="center"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:BARMM_Governors_unite_-_BARMM_Governors_Caucus_Yshmael_Sali_(cropped).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/BARMM_Governors_unite_-_BARMM_Governors_Caucus_Yshmael_Sali_%28cropped%29.jpg/89px-BARMM_Governors_unite_-_BARMM_Governors_Caucus_Yshmael_Sali_%28cropped%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="89" height="138" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/BARMM_Governors_unite_-_BARMM_Governors_Caucus_Yshmael_Sali_%28cropped%29.jpg/134px-BARMM_Governors_unite_-_BARMM_Governors_Caucus_Yshmael_Sali_%28cropped%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/BARMM_Governors_unite_-_BARMM_Governors_Caucus_Yshmael_Sali_%28cropped%29.jpg/179px-BARMM_Governors_unite_-_BARMM_Governors_Caucus_Yshmael_Sali_%28cropped%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="191" data-file-height="295" /></a></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Yshmael_Sali" title="Yshmael Sali">Yshmael Sali</a> </td> <td style="width: 2px; color:inherit; background-color: #0D5F31;" data-sort-value="Partido Federal ng Pilipinas"> </td> <td scope="row" style="text-align: left;"><a href="/wiki/Partido_Federal_ng_Pilipinas" title="Partido Federal ng Pilipinas">PFP</a> </td> <td>Al-Syed Abdulla Sali </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Demographics">Demographics</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bangsamoro&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Demographics"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Marawi_Grand_Mosque_2021.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/3/3d/Marawi_Grand_Mosque_2021.jpg/220px-Marawi_Grand_Mosque_2021.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/3/3d/Marawi_Grand_Mosque_2021.jpg/330px-Marawi_Grand_Mosque_2021.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/3/3d/Marawi_Grand_Mosque_2021.jpg/440px-Marawi_Grand_Mosque_2021.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1350" data-file-height="900" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Marawi_Grand_Mosque" title="Marawi Grand Mosque">Marawi Grand Mosque</a></figcaption></figure> <p>As per the organic law, the people "at the advent of the <a href="/wiki/Spanish_Colonization_of_the_Philippines" class="mw-redirect" title="Spanish Colonization of the Philippines">Spanish colonization</a>, were considered natives or original inhabitants of <a href="/wiki/Mindanao" title="Mindanao">Mindanao</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Sulu_Archipelago" title="Sulu Archipelago">Sulu archipelago</a> and its adjacent islands, shall have the right to identify themselves, their spouses and descendants" as part of the Bangsamoro people.<sup id="cite_ref-crisis_75-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-crisis-75"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>72<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Moro_people" title="Moro people">Moro people</a> are an umbrella term for ethnic groups who are mainly Muslim. The <a href="/wiki/Maranao_people" title="Maranao people">Maranaos</a> and <a href="/wiki/Iranun_people" title="Iranun people">Iranun</a> form a large portion of the region's population. The <a href="/wiki/Maguindanao_people" title="Maguindanao people">Maguindanaons</a> are the primary population in the Bangsamoro's <a href="/wiki/Special_Geographic_Area" title="Special Geographic Area">Special Geographic Area</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Soccsksargen" title="Soccsksargen">Soccsksargen</a> region province of <a href="/wiki/Cotabato" title="Cotabato">Cotabato</a>. The <a href="/wiki/Taus%C5%ABg_people" title="Tausūg people">Tausūg</a>, <a href="/wiki/Yakan_people" title="Yakan people">Yakan</a> and <a href="/wiki/Sama-Bajau" title="Sama-Bajau">Sama</a> peoples are the main groups in the <a href="/wiki/Sulu_archipelago" class="mw-redirect" title="Sulu archipelago">Sulu archipelago</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-76" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-76"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>73<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>There are two other main minority groups which lives in the region among the Moros; the <a href="/wiki/Lumad" title="Lumad">Lumad</a> and the settler communities. There are five main groups under the Lumads, the largest of which are the <a href="/wiki/Teduray_people" title="Teduray people">Teduray</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-crisis_75-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-crisis-75"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>72<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The settlers are primarily Christian which includes various ethnic groups such as the <a href="/wiki/Tagalog_people" title="Tagalog people">Tagalog</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Ilocano_people" title="Ilocano people">Ilocanos</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Visayans" title="Visayans">Visayans</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Zamboangue%C3%B1o_people" title="Zamboangueño people">Zamboangueños</a>, and the <a href="/wiki/Chinese_Filipino" class="mw-redirect" title="Chinese Filipino">Chinese</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-crisis_75-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-crisis-75"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>72<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-77" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-77"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>74<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236656977">.mw-parser-output .abbr-header{white-space:nowrap}.mw-parser-output .caption-purple{border:1px #a2a9b1 solid;border-bottom:none;background-color:lavender}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .caption-purple{background:inherit!important}}.mw-parser-output .table-pale{border:1px #a2a9b1 solid;border-top:none;background-color:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa);padding:5px}@media screen and (max-width:640px){.mw-parser-output .table-pale{border-top:1px #a2a9b1 solid!important}.mw-parser-output .caption-purple{border:none}}</style><table class="table-pale" style="width:auto;border-top-width:0;border-spacing: 0;float:none;clear:none;margin:0.5em 1em 0.5em 0;"><caption class="caption-purple" style="padding:0.25em;font-weight:bold">Population census of Bangsamoro</caption><tbody><tr style="font-size:95%"><th style="border-bottom:1px solid var(--color-base, #000000);padding:1px;width:3em">Year</th><th style="border-bottom:1px solid var(--color-base, #000000);padding:1px 2px;text-align:right"><abbr title="Population" class="abbr-header">Pop.</abbr></th><th style="border-bottom:1px solid var(--color-base, #000000);padding:1px;text-align:right"><abbr title="Per annum growth rate. Executive Order 135 §6 states that for "census years" (years divisible by 10) the reference date would be May 1st, but for all other years, the reference date is to be the "middle of the year". This means that growth rates, although correct, are not necessarily simple year-on-year comparisons.">±% p.a.</abbr></th></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1918 </th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">308,024</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">—    </td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1939 </th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">517,695</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+2.50%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1948 </th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">677,520</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+3.03%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1960 </th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">1,167,928</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+4.64%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1970 </th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">1,466,414</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+2.30%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1975 </th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">1,484,424</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+0.25%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1980 </th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">1,648,272</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+2.12%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1990 </th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">2,234,781</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+3.09%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1995 </th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">2,509,079</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+2.19%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">2000 </th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">2,966,894</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+3.66%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">2007 </th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">4,379,948</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+5.52%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">2010 </th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">3,527,926</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">−7.57%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">2015 </th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">4,080,825</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+2.81%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">2020 </th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">4,944,800</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+3.85%</td></tr><tr><td colspan="3" style="border-top:1px solid var(--color-base, #000000);font-size:85%;text-align:left">Source: <a href="/wiki/Philippine_Statistics_Authority" title="Philippine Statistics Authority">Philippine Statistics Authority</a><sup id="cite_ref-PSA15–19_78-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-PSA15–19-78"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>75<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-NSO10–19_79-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NSO10–19-79"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>76<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-NSO07-19_80-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NSO07-19-80"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>77<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-PSA20–19_81-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-PSA20–19-81"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>78<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Philippine_Statistics_9-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Philippine_Statistics-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Languages">Languages</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bangsamoro&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Languages"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Moro and Lumad speak their native languages. Non-native languages spoken are <a href="/wiki/Ilocano_language" title="Ilocano language">Ilocano</a>, <a href="/wiki/Chabacano_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Chabacano language">Chabacano</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hiligaynon_language" title="Hiligaynon language">Hiligaynon</a>, <a href="/wiki/Cebuano_language" title="Cebuano language">Cebuano</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Tagalog_language" title="Tagalog language">Tagalog</a>, of which the latter two serve as <a href="/wiki/Lingua_franca" title="Lingua franca">lingua francas</a>. This is the case for Cebuano because of the mass arrival of Cebuano settlers to Mindanao. Tausug are at ease in speaking Cebuano, because both Tausug and Cebuano are <a href="/wiki/Visayan_languages" class="mw-redirect" title="Visayan languages">Visayan languages</a>. Chabacano may be the lingua franca of the natives in Sulu Archipelago, along with Tagalog, but it is the main lingua franca in Basilan. Many locals and barter traders in Sulu Archipelago can also speak <a href="/wiki/Malay_trade_and_creole_languages#Sabah_Malay" title="Malay trade and creole languages">Sabah Malay</a>. See also: <a href="/wiki/Malay_language_in_the_Philippines" title="Malay language in the Philippines">Malay language in the Philippines</a> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Government">Government</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bangsamoro&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Government"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Bangsamoro_Transition_Authority" title="Bangsamoro Transition Authority">Bangsamoro Transition Authority</a></div> <p>Between the ratification of the BOL and the inauguration of its first permanent government in 2025, the BTA will head the region. After the ratification of the BOL, the <a href="/wiki/Bangsamoro_Transition_Commission" title="Bangsamoro Transition Commission">Bangsamoro Transition Commission</a> (BTC) begins to transition the ARMM into the BARMM. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Organizational_structure">Organizational structure</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bangsamoro&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: Organizational structure"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:PR-Chief_Minister_Ebrahim_09-2022.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/PR-Chief_Minister_Ebrahim_09-2022.jpg/220px-PR-Chief_Minister_Ebrahim_09-2022.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="124" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/PR-Chief_Minister_Ebrahim_09-2022.jpg/330px-PR-Chief_Minister_Ebrahim_09-2022.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/PR-Chief_Minister_Ebrahim_09-2022.jpg/440px-PR-Chief_Minister_Ebrahim_09-2022.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1920" data-file-height="1080" /></a><figcaption>Chief Minister <a href="/wiki/Murad_Ebrahim" title="Murad Ebrahim">Murad Ebrahim</a></figcaption></figure> <p>Based on the organic law, the autonomous Bangsamoro government system is <a href="/wiki/Parliamentary_system" title="Parliamentary system">parliamentary-democratic</a>, similar to that practised in the <a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a>, a <a href="/wiki/Westminster_system" title="Westminster system">Westminster system</a> which is based on a political party system.<sup id="cite_ref-82" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-82"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>79<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Ceremonial">Ceremonial</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bangsamoro&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: Ceremonial"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The <a href="/wiki/Figurehead" title="Figurehead">ceremonial head</a> of the region is the <a href="/wiki/Wa%27l%C4%AB_of_Bangsamoro" title="Wa'lī of Bangsamoro"><i>wa'lī</i></a>. The <a href="/wiki/Bangsamoro_Parliament" title="Bangsamoro Parliament">Bangsamoro Parliament</a> selects and appoints the <i>wa'lī</i>. The <i>wa'lī</i> has ceremonial functions and powers such as moral guardianship of the territory and <a href="/wiki/Convocation" title="Convocation">convocation</a> and dissolution of the <a href="/wiki/Legislature" title="Legislature">legislature</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-83" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-83"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>80<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Executive">Executive</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bangsamoro&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: Executive"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The regional government is headed by a <a href="/wiki/Chief_Minister_of_the_Bangsamoro" class="mw-redirect" title="Chief Minister of the Bangsamoro">chief minister</a>. Murad Ebrahim is the current chief minister, who was appointed by the former Philippine president Rodrigo Duterte, on an interim basis. The interim chief minister is also the head of the BTA, which also serves the function of serving as the transitional Bangsamoro Parliament. </p><p>Once the first regular session of the Bangsamoro Parliament is organized come 2025, the chief minister will be elected by the members of the Bangsamoro Parliament from the majority party or coalition holding the most seats won. The chief minister of the Bangsamoro is the chief executive of the regional government and is assisted by a cabinet having a minimum of 10 ministers and two deputy chief ministers. The holder of this position appoints the members of the cabinet, subject to confirmation by Parliament. The chief minister has control of all the regional executive commissions, agencies, boards, bureaus, and offices. </p><p><b>Cabinet</b><br /> The <a href="/wiki/Bangsamoro_Cabinet" title="Bangsamoro Cabinet">Bangsamoro Cabinet</a> is composed of two <a href="/wiki/Deputy_Chief_Ministers_of_Bangsamoro" class="mw-redirect" title="Deputy Chief Ministers of Bangsamoro">deputy chief ministers</a> and ministers, all appointed among members of the parliament. The deputy chief ministers are selected through nomination of the chief minister and are elected by the members of the Parliament. The ministers in the cabinet on their part are appointed by the chief minister.<sup id="cite_ref-keyofficial_84-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-keyofficial-84"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>81<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><b>Council of Leaders</b><br /> The <a href="/wiki/Council_of_Leaders_of_Bangsamoro" title="Council of Leaders of Bangsamoro">Council of Leaders</a> advises the chief minister on matters of governance of the autonomous region. It is roughly an equivalent of an unelected <a href="/wiki/Senate" title="Senate">Senate</a>, though only advisory, without <a href="/wiki/Legislative_power" class="mw-redirect" title="Legislative power">legislative powers</a>, and not part of the Parliament.<sup id="cite_ref-keyofficial_84-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-keyofficial-84"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>81<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Legislative">Legislative</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bangsamoro&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: Legislative"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:BARMM_lawmakers_refile_local_governance_code.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/BARMM_lawmakers_refile_local_governance_code.jpg/220px-BARMM_lawmakers_refile_local_governance_code.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="124" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/BARMM_lawmakers_refile_local_governance_code.jpg/330px-BARMM_lawmakers_refile_local_governance_code.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/BARMM_lawmakers_refile_local_governance_code.jpg/440px-BARMM_lawmakers_refile_local_governance_code.jpg 2x" data-file-width="980" data-file-height="551" /></a><figcaption>The <a href="/wiki/Bangsamoro_Parliament" title="Bangsamoro Parliament">Bangsamoro Parliament</a> in session.</figcaption></figure> <p>Under the BOL, the <a href="/wiki/Bangsamoro_Parliament" title="Bangsamoro Parliament">Bangsamoro Parliament</a> serves as the legislature of the autonomous region, mandated to have 80 deputies and is led by the <a href="/wiki/Speaker_of_the_Bangsamoro_Parliament" title="Speaker of the Bangsamoro Parliament">speaker</a>. The <i>wa'lī</i>, a ceremonial head, could dissolve the parliament at his discretion. </p><p>Regional <a href="/wiki/Local_ordinance" title="Local ordinance">ordinances</a> are created by the Bangsamoro Parliament, composed of members of Parliament. Members are meant to be elected by direct vote. Regional elections are planned to be held one year after <a href="/wiki/General_election" title="General election">general elections</a> (national and local) depending on legislation from Congress. The first Bangsamoro regional elections are to be held in 2025. Regional officials have a fixed term of three years, which can be extended by an act of Congress. </p><p>Under the BOL, the BTA was organized as a transitional body pending the election of the new region's government officials in 2025, with the first regular <a href="/wiki/Legislative_session" title="Legislative session">session</a> of the parliament to be held in 2025 following the elections.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (June 2022)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Judiciary">Judiciary</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bangsamoro&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section: Judiciary"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Shari%27ah_in_the_Philippines#Organization" class="mw-redirect" title="Shari'ah in the Philippines">Shari'ah in the Philippines § Organization</a></div> <p>The Bangsamoro Autonomous Region has its own regional justice system which applies <a href="/wiki/Shari%27ah" class="mw-redirect" title="Shari'ah">Shari'ah</a> to its residents like its predecessor, the ARMM. Unlike its predecessor though, the BOL, which became effective as of August 10, 2018,<sup id="cite_ref-85" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-85"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>82<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> has a provision for the creation of a Shari'ah High Court, which, if and when realized, would consist of five justices including a presiding justice and would oversee <a href="/wiki/Appellate_court" title="Appellate court">appellate courts</a>, <a href="/wiki/District_court" title="District court">district courts</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Circuit_court" title="Circuit court">circuit courts</a>. Non-Muslims could also volunteer to submit themselves under the jurisdiction of Shari'ah law. The Bangsamoro justice system also recognizes traditional or tribal laws but these would only apply to disputes of <a href="/wiki/Indigenous_peoples" title="Indigenous peoples">indigenous peoples</a> within the region.<sup id="cite_ref-86" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-86"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>83<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Relation_to_the_central_government">Relation to the central government</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bangsamoro&action=edit&section=23" title="Edit section: Relation to the central government"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Bangsamoro Organic Law provides that BARMM "shall remain an integral and inseparable part of the national territory of the Republic." The Philippine president exercises general supervision over the regional chief minister. The regional government has fiscal autonomy or the power to create its own sources of revenues and to levy taxes, fees, and charges, subject to Constitutional provisions and the provisions of <a href="/wiki/Bangsamoro_Organic_Law" title="Bangsamoro Organic Law">Republic Act 11054</a>. The regional government has to gain approval from the central government's <a href="/wiki/Department_of_Finance_(Philippines)" title="Department of Finance (Philippines)">Department of Finance</a> to receive donations and grants from foreign entities.<sup id="cite_ref-87" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-87"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>84<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Economy">Economy</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bangsamoro&action=edit&section=24" title="Edit section: Economy"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Polloc_Port.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/Polloc_Port.jpg/220px-Polloc_Port.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/Polloc_Port.jpg/330px-Polloc_Port.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/Polloc_Port.jpg/440px-Polloc_Port.jpg 2x" data-file-width="960" data-file-height="720" /></a><figcaption>Port of Polloc in Parang, Maguindanao del Norte</figcaption></figure> <p style="margin-left: 20px;"><b>Poverty incidence of Bangsamoro</b></p> <table style="font-size:85%;"> <tbody><tr> <td><div style="padding-top:10px;margin-top:1em;max-width:420px;" class="chart noresize"> <div style="position:relative;min-height:300px;min-width:420px;max-width:420px;"> <div style="float:right;position:relative;min-height:220px;min-width:320px;max-width:320px;border-left:1px black solid;border-bottom:1px black solid;"> <div style="position:absolute;left:7.5px;top:72px;height:147px;min-width:36px;max-width:36px;background-color:#D4AF37;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;border:1px solid #D4AF37;border-bottom:none;overflow:hidden;" title="Bangsamoro: 47.14"></div> <div style="position:absolute;left:60.5px;top:71px;height:148px;min-width:36px;max-width:36px;background-color:#D4AF37;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;border:1px solid #D4AF37;border-bottom:none;overflow:hidden;" title="Bangsamoro: 47.45"></div> <div style="position:absolute;left:113.5px;top:45px;height:174px;min-width:36px;max-width:36px;background-color:#D4AF37;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;border:1px solid #D4AF37;border-bottom:none;overflow:hidden;" title="Bangsamoro: 55.82"></div> <div style="position:absolute;left:166.5px;top:33px;height:186px;min-width:36px;max-width:36px;background-color:#D4AF37;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;border:1px solid #D4AF37;border-bottom:none;overflow:hidden;" title="Bangsamoro: 59.39"></div> <div style="position:absolute;left:219.5px;top:26px;height:193px;min-width:36px;max-width:36px;background-color:#D4AF37;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;border:1px solid #D4AF37;border-bottom:none;overflow:hidden;" title="Bangsamoro: 61.82"></div> <div style="position:absolute;left:272.5px;top:126px;height:93px;min-width:36px;max-width:36px;background-color:#D4AF37;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;border:1px solid #D4AF37;border-bottom:none;overflow:hidden;" title="Bangsamoro: 29.8"></div> </div> <div style="position:absolute;height:220px;min-width:100px;max-width:100px;"> <div style="position:absolute;height=20px;text-align:right;vertical-align:middle;width:90px;top:179px;padding:0 2px">10</div> <div style="position:absolute;height=1px;min-width:5px;top:189px;left:96px;border:1px solid black;"></div> <div style="position:absolute;height=20px;text-align:right;vertical-align:middle;width:90px;top:147px;padding:0 2px">20</div> <div style="position:absolute;height=1px;min-width:5px;top:157px;left:96px;border:1px solid black;"></div> <div style="position:absolute;height=20px;text-align:right;vertical-align:middle;width:90px;top:116px;padding:0 2px">30</div> <div style="position:absolute;height=1px;min-width:5px;top:126px;left:96px;border:1px solid black;"></div> <div style="position:absolute;height=20px;text-align:right;vertical-align:middle;width:90px;top:84px;padding:0 2px">40</div> <div style="position:absolute;height=1px;min-width:5px;top:94px;left:96px;border:1px solid black;"></div> <div style="position:absolute;height=20px;text-align:right;vertical-align:middle;width:90px;top:53px;padding:0 2px">50</div> <div style="position:absolute;height=1px;min-width:5px;top:63px;left:96px;border:1px solid black;"></div> <div style="position:absolute;height=20px;text-align:right;vertical-align:middle;width:90px;top:21px;padding:0 2px">60</div> <div style="position:absolute;height=1px;min-width:5px;top:31px;left:96px;border:1px solid black;"></div> <div style="position:absolute;height=20px;text-align:right;vertical-align:middle;width:90px;top:-10px;padding:0 2px">70</div> <div style="position:absolute;height=1px;min-width:5px;top:0px;left:96px;border:1px solid black;"></div> </div> <div style="position:absolute;top:220px;left:100px;width:320px;"> <div style="position:absolute;left:1px;top:10px;min-width:51px;max-width:51px;text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">2006 <br /> 47.14</div> <div style="position:absolute;left:26.5px;height:10px;width:1px;border-left:1px solid black;"></div> <div style="position:absolute;left:54px;top:10px;min-width:51px;max-width:51px;text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">2009 <br /> 47.45</div> <div style="position:absolute;left:79.5px;height:10px;width:1px;border-left:1px solid black;"></div> <div style="position:absolute;left:107px;top:10px;min-width:51px;max-width:51px;text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">2012 <br /> 55.82</div> <div style="position:absolute;left:132.5px;height:10px;width:1px;border-left:1px solid black;"></div> <div style="position:absolute;left:160px;top:10px;min-width:51px;max-width:51px;text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">2015 <br /> 59.39</div> <div style="position:absolute;left:185.5px;height:10px;width:1px;border-left:1px solid black;"></div> <div style="position:absolute;left:213px;top:10px;min-width:51px;max-width:51px;text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">2018 <br /> 61.82</div> <div style="position:absolute;left:238.5px;height:10px;width:1px;border-left:1px solid black;"></div> <div style="position:absolute;left:266px;top:10px;min-width:51px;max-width:51px;text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">2021 <br /> 29.80</div> <div style="position:absolute;left:291.5px;height:10px;width:1px;border-left:1px solid black;"></div> </div> </div> </div> <p style="margin-left: 20px;"> <b>Source:</b> <a href="/wiki/Philippine_Statistics_Authority" title="Philippine Statistics Authority">Philippine Statistics Authority</a><sup id="cite_ref-88" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-88"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>85<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-89" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-89"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>86<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-90" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-90"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>87<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-91" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-91"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>88<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-92" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-92"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>89<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-93" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-93"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>90<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-94" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-94"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>91<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-95" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-95"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>92<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> </td></tr></tbody></table> <p>Before the various successes in the Bangsamoro peace processes, economic development in the region had been described as seeing "decades of sluggish economic growth,"<sup id="cite_ref-2024WBFarmProfitabilityPRelease_96-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2024WBFarmProfitabilityPRelease-96"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>93<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> with much economic activity coming from the informal sector - effectively "shadow economies" which were identified as drivers of conflict.<sup id="cite_ref-97" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-97"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>94<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Three years after the signing of the Comprehensive Agreement on the Bangsamoro and in anticipation of the passage of the Bangsamoro Organic Law, economic growth in the Bangsamoro began to see rapid expansion beginning in 2017.<sup id="cite_ref-2024WBFarmProfitabilityPRelease_96-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2024WBFarmProfitabilityPRelease-96"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>93<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2021, the BARMM recorded regional growth rate of 7.5%, exceeding its pre-pandemic gross domestic product levels, and making it the 2nd fastest growing region in the Philippines for that year.<sup id="cite_ref-98" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-98"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>95<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> That same year, the <a href="/wiki/Philippine_Statistics_Authority" title="Philippine Statistics Authority">Philippine Statistics Authority</a> praised the region for its reduction in poverty incidence citing a 17.4 percent reduction among Philippine regions. The PSA noted that infrastructure projects and peace deals had a significant impact.<sup id="cite_ref-99" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-99"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>96<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Culture">Culture</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bangsamoro&action=edit&section=25" title="Edit section: Culture"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main articles: <a href="/wiki/Music_of_the_Philippines" title="Music of the Philippines">Music of the Philippines</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kulintang" title="Kulintang">Kulintang</a>, <a href="/wiki/List_of_Cultural_Properties_of_the_Philippines_in_Bangsamoro" title="List of Cultural Properties of the Philippines in Bangsamoro">List of Cultural Properties of the Philippines in Bangsamoro</a>, <a href="/wiki/List_of_mosques_in_the_Philippines" title="List of mosques in the Philippines">List of mosques in the Philippines</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Spanish_Colonial_Fortifications_of_the_Philippines" class="mw-redirect" title="Spanish Colonial Fortifications of the Philippines">Spanish Colonial Fortifications of the Philippines</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:SKCC_BGC.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/68/SKCC_BGC.jpg/220px-SKCC_BGC.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/68/SKCC_BGC.jpg/330px-SKCC_BGC.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/68/SKCC_BGC.jpg/440px-SKCC_BGC.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5184" data-file-height="3456" /></a><figcaption>The <a href="/wiki/Shariff_Kabunsuan_Cultural_Complex" title="Shariff Kabunsuan Cultural Complex">Shariff Kabunsuan Cultural Complex</a></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Kinding-sindaw1.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/Kinding-sindaw1.jpg/220px-Kinding-sindaw1.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="141" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/Kinding-sindaw1.jpg/330px-Kinding-sindaw1.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/Kinding-sindaw1.jpg/440px-Kinding-sindaw1.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1350" data-file-height="868" /></a><figcaption>Tausug dancers</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Shariff_Kabunsuan_Festival_2016_Guinakit_Fluvial_Parade_4.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Shariff_Kabunsuan_Festival_2016_Guinakit_Fluvial_Parade_4.jpg/220px-Shariff_Kabunsuan_Festival_2016_Guinakit_Fluvial_Parade_4.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Shariff_Kabunsuan_Festival_2016_Guinakit_Fluvial_Parade_4.jpg/330px-Shariff_Kabunsuan_Festival_2016_Guinakit_Fluvial_Parade_4.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Shariff_Kabunsuan_Festival_2016_Guinakit_Fluvial_Parade_4.jpg/440px-Shariff_Kabunsuan_Festival_2016_Guinakit_Fluvial_Parade_4.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4608" data-file-height="3072" /></a><figcaption>Guinakit Fluvial Parade as part of the Shariff Kabunsuan Festival celebrations.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Kuyog_Street_Dance_at_city_Plaza_Shariff_Kabunsuan_Festival_2018.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Kuyog_Street_Dance_at_city_Plaza_Shariff_Kabunsuan_Festival_2018.jpg/220px-Kuyog_Street_Dance_at_city_Plaza_Shariff_Kabunsuan_Festival_2018.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Kuyog_Street_Dance_at_city_Plaza_Shariff_Kabunsuan_Festival_2018.jpg/330px-Kuyog_Street_Dance_at_city_Plaza_Shariff_Kabunsuan_Festival_2018.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Kuyog_Street_Dance_at_city_Plaza_Shariff_Kabunsuan_Festival_2018.jpg/440px-Kuyog_Street_Dance_at_city_Plaza_Shariff_Kabunsuan_Festival_2018.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2048" data-file-height="1536" /></a><figcaption>Kuyog Street Dancing Competition, Cotabato City</figcaption></figure> <p>The people of the Bangsamoro region, including Muslims, <a href="/wiki/Lumad" title="Lumad">Lumads</a>, and Christians, have a culture that revolves around <a href="/wiki/Kulintang" title="Kulintang">kulintang</a> music, a specific type of gong music, found among both Muslim and non-Muslim groups of the Southern Philippines. Each ethnic group in BARMM also has their own distinct architectures, intangible heritage, and craft arts.<sup id="cite_ref-100" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-100"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>97<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-101" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-101"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>98<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A fine example of a distinct architectural style in the region is the Royal Sulu architecture which was used to make the <a href="/wiki/Daru_Jambangan" class="mw-redirect" title="Daru Jambangan">Daru Jambangan</a> (Palace of Flowers) in <a href="/wiki/Maimbung,_Sulu" class="mw-redirect" title="Maimbung, Sulu">Maimbung</a>, Sulu. The palace was demolished during the <a href="/wiki/Insular_Government_of_the_Philippine_Islands" title="Insular Government of the Philippine Islands">American period</a> after being heavily damaged by a <a href="/wiki/Typhoon" title="Typhoon">typhoon</a> in 1932, and was never rebuilt.<sup id="cite_ref-102" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-102"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>99<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-103" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-103"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>100<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It used to be the largest royal palace built in the Philippines. A campaign to faithfully re-establish it in Maimbung town has been ongoing since 1933. A very small replica of the palace was made in a nearby town in the 2010s, but it was noted that the replica does not mean that the campaign to reconstruct the palace in Maimbung has stopped as the replica does not manifest the true essence of a Sulu royal palace. In 2013, Maimbung was designated as the royal capital of the former <a href="/wiki/Sultanate_of_Sulu" title="Sultanate of Sulu">Sultanate of Sulu</a> by one of the family claimants to the Sulu Sultanate throne where the pretenders are buried there.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="margin-left:0.1em; white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Please_clarify" title="Wikipedia:Please clarify"><span title="The text near this tag may need clarification or removal of jargon. (May 2019)">clarification needed</span></a></i>]</sup><sup id="cite_ref-104" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-104"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>101<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-105" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-105"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>102<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Natural_heritage">Natural heritage</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bangsamoro&action=edit&section=26" title="Edit section: Natural heritage"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The region possesses a vast array of natural landscapes and seascapes with different types of environs. The mainland area includes the <a href="/wiki/Liguasan_Marsh" title="Liguasan Marsh">Liguasan Marsh</a>, a proposed UNESCO tentative site, and <a href="/wiki/Lake_Lanao" title="Lake Lanao">Lake Lanao</a>, one of the 17 most ancient lakes in the world. The Sulu archipelago region includes the <a href="/wiki/Turtle_Islands_Wildlife_Sanctuary" title="Turtle Islands Wildlife Sanctuary">Turtle Islands Wildlife Sanctuary</a> (a <a href="/wiki/UNESCO" title="UNESCO">UNESCO</a> tentative site), <a href="/wiki/Bongao_Peak" class="mw-redirect" title="Bongao Peak">Bongao Peak</a>, and the Basilan Rainforest. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notable_people">Notable people</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bangsamoro&action=edit&section=27" title="Edit section: Notable people"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ahod_%22Kagi_Murad%22_B._Ebrahim&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ahod "Kagi Murad" B. Ebrahim (page does not exist)">Ahod "Kagi Murad" B. Ebrahim</a> Chairman of the Moro Islamic Liberation Front, Chief Minister of the Bangsamoro Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao and Party President of United Bangsamoro Justice Party</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wahab_Akbar" title="Wahab Akbar">Wahab M. Akbar</a> – former political kingpin and dynast, three-term governor, elected congressman in 2007, killed by a <a href="/wiki/2007_Batasang_Pambansa_bombing" title="2007 Batasang Pambansa bombing">bomb blast at the House of Representatives</a> in November 2007.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mujiv_Sabbihi_Hataman" class="mw-redirect" title="Mujiv Sabbihi Hataman">Mujiv Sabbihi Hataman</a> – former Anak Mindanao Party-list Representative and Regional Governor (Officer-in-Charge) of the Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao (ARMM) from December 2011 until June 2013, appointed by Philippine President <a href="/wiki/Benigno_Aquino_III" title="Benigno Aquino III">Benigno S. Aquino III</a>, after regular elections in August 2011 were postponed to coincide with the <a href="/wiki/2013_Philippine_general_election" title="2013 Philippine general election">Synchronized National and Local elections of May 2013</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abdulgani_A._Salapuddin" class="mw-redirect" title="Abdulgani A. Salapuddin">Abdulgani A. Salapuddin</a> – former MNLF<sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="margin-left:0.1em; white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Please_clarify" title="Wikipedia:Please clarify"><span title="The text near this tag may need clarification or removal of jargon. (May 2011)">clarification needed</span></a></i>]</sup> commander, schooled at the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Paris" title="University of Paris">Sorbonne University</a> in Paris, France, became three-term governor, then three-term congressman, the last two times as the elected Deputy Speaker of the House of Representatives.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orlando_Quevedo" title="Orlando Quevedo">Orlando Quevedo</a> – Cardinal of the Catholic Church, Archbishop of Cotabato</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Noel_Felongco" title="Noel Felongco">Noel Felongco</a> – Lead Convenor of <a href="/wiki/National_Anti-Poverty_Commission" class="mw-redirect" title="National Anti-Poverty Commission">National Anti-Poverty Commission</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Imah_Dumagay" title="Imah Dumagay">Imah Dumagay</a> – Stand-up comedian based in Dubai</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romero_Duno" title="Romero Duno">Romero Duno</a> – Professional boxer</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jay_Jaboneta" title="Jay Jaboneta">Jay Jaboneta</a> – Blogger, philanthropist, media advocate, and online community organizer</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kublai_Millan" title="Kublai Millan">Kublai Millan</a> – Prolific artist</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ben_Farrales" title="Ben Farrales">Ben Farrales</a> – Fashion designer, known for his Muslim-inspired terno designs</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bangsamoro&action=edit&section=28" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Framework_Agreement_on_the_Bangsamoro" title="Framework Agreement on the Bangsamoro">Framework Agreement on the Bangsamoro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comprehensive_Agreement_on_Bangsamoro" class="mw-redirect" title="Comprehensive Agreement on Bangsamoro">Comprehensive Agreement on Bangsamoro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peace_process_with_the_Bangsamoro_in_the_Philippines" class="mw-redirect" title="Peace process with the Bangsamoro in the Philippines">Peace process with the Bangsamoro in the Philippines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Federalism_in_the_Philippines" title="Federalism in the Philippines">Federalism in the Philippines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bangsamoro_Human_Rights_Commission" title="Bangsamoro Human Rights Commission">Bangsamoro Human Rights Commission</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bangsamoro&action=edit&section=29" title="Edit section: Notes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-lower-alpha"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-cotabato-seat-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-cotabato-seat_2-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">The seat of government as defined by the <a href="/wiki/Bangsamoro_Organic_Law" title="Bangsamoro Organic Law">Bangsamoro Organic Law</a>. The recognized seat from Bangsamoro's establishment in 2019<sup id="cite_ref-barmmBAC_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-barmmBAC-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> until it was moved to Parang in <a href="/wiki/Maguindanao" title="Maguindanao">Maguindanao</a> (now Maguindanao del Norte) in 2023. The regional government still <i>de facto</i> exercise power from the <a href="/wiki/Bangsamoro_Government_Center" title="Bangsamoro Government Center">Bangsamoro Government Center</a> in Cotabato City.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-parang-seat-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-parang-seat_4-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">The <i>de jure</i> seat of government since mid-2023 as per Bangsamoro Autonomy Act No. 37.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However the regional government has yet to establish a physical government center in the municipality which shall be done in a gradual basis.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-74"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-74">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Ainee Sinsuat claims governorship. Macacua is the recognized governor of the province by the Bangsamoro government</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bangsamoro&action=edit&section=30" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-barmmBAC-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-barmmBAC_1-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://parliament.bangsamoro.gov.ph/mis-content/uploads/2021/02/BAA-13-Admin-Code.pdf">"Bangsamoro Autonomy Act No. 13"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. Bangsamoro Parliament<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 24,</span> 2021</span>. <q>The seat of the Bangsamoro Government shall be in Cotabato City, unless otherwise provided by the Bangsamoro Parliament in a subsequent law.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Bangsamoro+Autonomy+Act+No.+13&rft.pub=Bangsamoro+Parliament&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fparliament.bangsamoro.gov.ph%2Fmis-content%2Fuploads%2F2021%2F02%2FBAA-13-Admin-Code.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABangsamoro" class="Z3988"></span><sup class="noprint Inline-Template"><span style="white-space: nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot" title="Wikipedia:Link rot"><span title=" Dead link tagged February 2022">permanent dead link</span></a></i><span style="visibility:hidden; color:transparent; padding-left:2px">‍</span>]</span></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://parliament.bangsamoro.gov.ph/wp-content/uploads/2023/07/BAA-37-AMENDING-BOOK-1-CHAPTER-2-SECTION-9-OF-THE-BAA-NO.-13-.pdf">"Bangsamoro Autonomy Act. 37"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. Bangsamoro Parliament<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 3,</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Bangsamoro+Autonomy+Act.+37&rft.pub=Bangsamoro+Parliament&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fparliament.bangsamoro.gov.ph%2Fwp-content%2Fuploads%2F2023%2F07%2FBAA-37-AMENDING-BOOK-1-CHAPTER-2-SECTION-9-OF-THE-BAA-NO.-13-.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABangsamoro" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-grdp-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-grdp_5-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-grdp_5-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://psa.gov.ph/statistics/grdp/tables">"2021 to 2023 Gross Regional Domestic Product (GRDP)"</a>. <i>openstat.psa.gov.ph</i>. Philippine Statistics Authority<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 26,</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=openstat.psa.gov.ph&rft.atitle=2021+to+2023+Gross+Regional+Domestic+Product+%28GRDP%29&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fpsa.gov.ph%2Fstatistics%2Fgrdp%2Ftables&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABangsamoro" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFUl_Khaliq2021" class="citation news cs1">Ul Khaliq, Riyaz (January 18, 2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.aa.com.tr/en/asia-pacific/philippines-bangsamoro-begins-anniversary-celebrations/2114085">"Philippines: Bangsamoro begins anniversary celebrations"</a>. Anadolu Agency<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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October 28, 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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September 18, 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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September 9, 2024<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 13,</span> 2024</span>. <q>The <u>leaning</u> of the Commission en banc is to include it <u>for this [2025] election</u> in Region 9,</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Manila+Times&rft.atitle=Comelec+to+place+Sulu+in+Region+9&rft.date=2024-09-13&rft.aulast=Depasupil&rft.aufirst=William&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.manilatimes.net%2F2024%2F09%2F13%2Fregions%2Fcomelec-to-place-sulu-in-region-9%2F1971160&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABangsamoro" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-barmm-execs-sulu-exit-70"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-barmm-execs-sulu-exit_70-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFUmelDela_Cruz2024" class="citation news cs1">Umel, Richel; Dela Cruz, Sheila Mae (September 13, 2024). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://newsinfo.inquirer.net/1982725/barmm-execs-seek-help-to-deal-with-sulus-exit">"BARMM execs seek help to deal with Sulu's exit"</a>. <i>INQUIRER.net</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 13,</span> 2024</span>. <q>Another [issue] is to which administrative region Sulu will belong to. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 26,</span> 2019</span>. <q>The autonomous Bangsamoro government will be parliamentary-democratic, similar to the United Kingdom, and based on a political party system.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=ABS-CBN+News&rft.atitle=After+Bangsamoro+Organic+Law+is+ratified%2C+now+comes+the+hard+part&rft.date=2019-01-25&rft.aulast=Quintos&rft.aufirst=Patrick&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnews.abs-cbn.com%2Ffocus%2F01%2F25%2F19%2Fafter-bangsamoro-organic-law-is-ratified-now-comes-the-hard-part&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABangsamoro" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-83"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-83">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCalonzo2014" class="citation news cs1">Calonzo, Andreo (September 10, 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.gmanetwork.com/news/news/nation/378481/pnoy-personally-submits-draft-bangsamoro-law-to-congress-leaders/story/">"PNoy personally submits draft Bangsamoro law to Congress leaders"</a>. <i>GMA News</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 2,</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Pittsburgh+Post-Gazette&rft.atitle=Obituary%3A+Jamalul+Kiram+III+%2F+Self-proclaimed+%27poorest+sultan%27&rft.date=2013-10-21&rft.aulast=Whaley&rft.aufirst=Floyd&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.post-gazette.com%2Fnews%2Fobituaries%2F2013%2F10%2F21%2FObituary-Jamalul-Kiram-III-Self-proclaimed-poorest-sultan%2Fstories%2F201310210083&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABangsamoro" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-105"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-105">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWhaley2015" class="citation news cs1">Whaley, Floyd (September 21, 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2015/09/22/world/asia/esmail-kiram-ii-self-proclaimed-sultan-of-sulu-dies-at-75.html">"Esmail Kiram II, Self-Proclaimed Sultan of Sulu, Dies at 75"</a>. <i>The New York Times</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 2,</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Esmail+Kiram+II%2C+Self-Proclaimed+Sultan+of+Sulu%2C+Dies+at+75&rft.date=2015-09-21&rft.aulast=Whaley&rft.aufirst=Floyd&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2015%2F09%2F22%2Fworld%2Fasia%2Fesmail-kiram-ii-self-proclaimed-sultan-of-sulu-dies-at-75.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABangsamoro" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bangsamoro&action=edit&section=31" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 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related to <span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Bangsamoro" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Bangsamoro">Bangsamoro</a></span>.</div></div> </div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1235681985"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1237033735"><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg/40px-Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg/60px-Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg.png 1.5x, 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href="https://www.openbangsamoro.com/">OpenBangsamoro</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201112192449/https://www.openbangsamoro.com/">Archived</a> November 12, 2020, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow{padding:0.25em 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src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/Flag_of_Bangsamoro.svg/23px-Flag_of_Bangsamoro.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/Flag_of_Bangsamoro.svg/35px-Flag_of_Bangsamoro.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/Flag_of_Bangsamoro.svg/46px-Flag_of_Bangsamoro.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="550" data-file-height="300" /></span></span></span> <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Bangsamoro Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao</a> (BARMM)</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Regions_in_the_Philippines" class="mw-redirect" title="Regions in the Philippines">Regional center</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cotabato_City" title="Cotabato City">Cotabato City</a> (<i>de facto</i>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parang,_Maguindanao_del_Norte" title="Parang, Maguindanao del Norte">Parang, Maguindanao del Norte</a> (<i>de jure</i>)</li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="7" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Ph_locator_barmm.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/Ph_locator_barmm.png/150px-Ph_locator_barmm.png" decoding="async" width="150" height="220" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/Ph_locator_barmm.png/225px-Ph_locator_barmm.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/16/Ph_locator_barmm.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="440" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Provinces_of_the_Philippines" title="Provinces of the Philippines">Provinces</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Basilan" title="Basilan">Basilan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lanao_del_Sur" title="Lanao del Sur">Lanao del Sur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maguindanao_del_Norte" title="Maguindanao del Norte">Maguindanao del Norte</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maguindanao_del_Sur" title="Maguindanao del Sur">Maguindanao del Sur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tawi-Tawi" title="Tawi-Tawi">Tawi-Tawi</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Cities_of_the_Philippines#Independent_cities" title="Cities of the Philippines">Independent component cities</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cotabato_City" title="Cotabato City">Cotabato City</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Cities_of_the_Philippines#Classifiction" title="Cities of the Philippines">Component cities</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lamitan" title="Lamitan">Lamitan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marawi" title="Marawi">Marawi</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Template:Philippines_Provincial_Capitals" class="mw-redirect" title="Template:Philippines Provincial Capitals">Provincial capitals</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bongao" title="Bongao">Bongao</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Buluan" title="Buluan">Buluan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Datu_Odin_Sinsuat" title="Datu Odin Sinsuat">Datu Odin Sinsuat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lamitan" title="Lamitan">Lamitan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marawi" title="Marawi">Marawi</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Municipalities_of_the_Philippines" title="Municipalities of the Philippines">Municipalities</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Akbar,_Basilan" title="Akbar, Basilan">Akbar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Al-Barka" title="Al-Barka">Al-Barka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amai_Manabilang" title="Amai Manabilang">Amai Manabilang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ampatuan,_Maguindanao_del_Sur" title="Ampatuan, Maguindanao del Sur">Ampatuan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bacolod-Kalawi" title="Bacolod-Kalawi">Bacolod-Kalawi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Balabagan" title="Balabagan">Balabagan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Balindong" title="Balindong">Balindong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barira" title="Barira">Barira</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bayang" title="Bayang">Bayang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Binidayan" title="Binidayan">Binidayan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bongao" title="Bongao">Bongao</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Buadiposo-Buntong" title="Buadiposo-Buntong">Buadiposo-Buntong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bubong,_Lanao_del_Sur" class="mw-redirect" title="Bubong, Lanao del Sur">Bubong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Buldon" title="Buldon">Buldon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Buluan" title="Buluan">Buluan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Butig" title="Butig">Butig</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Calanogas" title="Calanogas">Calanogas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Datu_Abdullah_Sangki" title="Datu Abdullah Sangki">Datu Abdullah Sangki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Datu_Anggal_Midtimbang" title="Datu Anggal Midtimbang">Datu Anggal Midtimbang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Datu_Blah_T._Sinsuat" title="Datu Blah T. Sinsuat">Datu Blah T. Sinsuat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Datu_Hoffer_Ampatuan" title="Datu Hoffer Ampatuan">Datu Hoffer Ampatuan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Datu_Montawal" title="Datu Montawal">Datu Montawal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Datu_Odin_Sinsuat" title="Datu Odin Sinsuat">Datu Odin Sinsuat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Datu_Paglas" title="Datu Paglas">Datu Paglas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Datu_Piang,_Maguindanao_del_Sur" title="Datu Piang, Maguindanao del Sur">Datu Piang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Datu_Salibo" title="Datu Salibo">Datu Salibo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Datu_Saudi-Ampatuan" class="mw-redirect" title="Datu Saudi-Ampatuan">Datu Saudi-Ampatuan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Datu_Unsay" title="Datu Unsay">Datu Unsay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ditsaan-Ramain" title="Ditsaan-Ramain">Ditsaan-Ramain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ganassi,_Lanao_del_Sur" title="Ganassi, Lanao del Sur">Ganassi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/General_Salipada_K._Pendatun,_Maguindanao_del_Sur" title="General Salipada K. Pendatun, Maguindanao del Sur">General Salipada K. Pendatun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guindulungan" title="Guindulungan">Guindulungan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hadji_Mohammad_Ajul" title="Hadji Mohammad Ajul">Hadji Mohammad Ajul</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hadji_Muhtamad" title="Hadji Muhtamad">Hadji Muhtamad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kabuntalan" title="Kabuntalan">Kabuntalan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kadayangan" title="Kadayangan">Kadayangan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kapai" title="Kapai">Kapai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kapalawan" title="Kapalawan">Kapalawan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kapatagan,_Lanao_del_Sur" title="Kapatagan, Lanao del Sur">Kapatagan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Languyan" title="Languyan">Languyan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lantawan" title="Lantawan">Lantawan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ligawasan" title="Ligawasan">Ligawasan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lumba-Bayabao" title="Lumba-Bayabao">Lumba-Bayabao</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lumbaca-Unayan" title="Lumbaca-Unayan">Lumbaca-Unayan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lumbatan" title="Lumbatan">Lumbatan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lumbayanague" title="Lumbayanague">Lumbayanague</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Madalum" title="Madalum">Madalum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Madamba" title="Madamba">Madamba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maguing" title="Maguing">Maguing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malabang" title="Malabang">Malabang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malidegao" title="Malidegao">Malidegao</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maluso" title="Maluso">Maluso</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mamasapano" title="Mamasapano">Mamasapano</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mangudadatu,_Maguindanao_del_Sur" title="Mangudadatu, Maguindanao del Sur">Mangudadatu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mapun" title="Mapun">Mapun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marantao" title="Marantao">Marantao</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marogong" title="Marogong">Marogong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Masiu" title="Masiu">Masiu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Matanog" title="Matanog">Matanog</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mulondo,_Lanao_del_Sur" title="Mulondo, Lanao del Sur">Mulondo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nabalawag" title="Nabalawag">Nabalawag</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Old_Kaabakan" title="Old Kaabakan">Old Kaabakan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northern_Kabuntalan" title="Northern Kabuntalan">Northern Kabuntalan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pagalungan" title="Pagalungan">Pagalungan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pagayawan" title="Pagayawan">Pagayawan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paglat" title="Paglat">Paglat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pahamuddin" title="Pahamuddin">Pahamuddin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pandag,_Maguindanao_del_Sur" title="Pandag, Maguindanao del Sur">Pandag</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Panglima_Sugala" title="Panglima Sugala">Panglima Sugala</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parang,_Maguindanao_del_Norte" title="Parang, Maguindanao del Norte">Parang (Maguindanao del Norte)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Piagapo" title="Piagapo">Piagapo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Picong,_Lanao_del_Sur" title="Picong, Lanao del Sur">Picong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Poona_Bayabao" title="Poona Bayabao">Poona Bayabao</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pualas,_Lanao_del_Sur" class="mw-redirect" title="Pualas, Lanao del Sur">Pualas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rajah_Buayan" title="Rajah Buayan">Rajah Buayan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saguiaran" title="Saguiaran">Saguiaran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sapa-Sapa" title="Sapa-Sapa">Sapa-Sapa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shariff_Aguak" title="Shariff Aguak">Shariff Aguak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shariff_Saydona_Mustapha" title="Shariff Saydona Mustapha">Shariff Saydona Mustapha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sibutu" title="Sibutu">Sibutu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Simunul" title="Simunul">Simunul</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sitangkai" title="Sitangkai">Sitangkai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Ubian" title="South Ubian">South Ubian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Upi" title="South Upi">South Upi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sultan_Dumalondong" title="Sultan Dumalondong">Sultan Dumalondong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sultan_Kudarat,_Maguindanao_del_Norte" title="Sultan Kudarat, Maguindanao del Norte">Sultan Kudarat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sultan_Mastura" title="Sultan Mastura">Sultan Mastura</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sultan_sa_Barongis" title="Sultan sa Barongis">Sultan sa Barongis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sumisip" title="Sumisip">Sumisip</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tabuan-Lasa" title="Tabuan-Lasa">Tabuan-Lasa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tagoloan_II" class="mw-redirect" title="Tagoloan II">Tagoloan II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Talayan" title="Talayan">Talayan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Talitay" title="Talitay">Talitay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tamparan" title="Tamparan">Tamparan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tandubas" title="Tandubas">Tandubas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taraka,_Lanao_del_Sur" title="Taraka, Lanao del Sur">Taraka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tipo-Tipo" title="Tipo-Tipo">Tipo-Tipo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tubaran" title="Tubaran">Tubaran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tuburan,_Basilan" title="Tuburan, Basilan">Tuburan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tugaya,_Lanao_del_Sur" class="mw-redirect" title="Tugaya, Lanao del Sur">Tugaya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tugunan" title="Tugunan">Tugunan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turtle_Islands,_Tawi-Tawi" title="Turtle Islands, Tawi-Tawi">Turtle Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ungkaya_Pukan" title="Ungkaya Pukan">Ungkaya Pukan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Upi,_Maguindanao_del_Norte" title="Upi, Maguindanao del Norte">Upi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wao,_Lanao_del_Sur" title="Wao, Lanao del Sur">Wao</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Special_Geographic_Area" title="Special Geographic Area">Special Geographic Area</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Clusters_of_the_Special_Geographic_Area" title="Clusters of the Special Geographic Area">Clusters</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sulu" title="Sulu">Sulu</a> (part of BARMM from 2019–2024)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3"><div><a href="/wiki/Mindanao" title="Mindanao">Mindanao</a>, <a href="/wiki/Republic_of_the_Philippines" class="mw-redirect" title="Republic of the Philippines">Republic of the Philippines</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="23x15px&#124;border_&#124;alt=&#124;link=_Bangsamoro_topics" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Bangsamoro_topics" title="Template:Bangsamoro topics"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Bangsamoro_topics" title="Template talk:Bangsamoro topics"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Bangsamoro_topics" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Bangsamoro topics"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="23x15px&#124;border_&#124;alt=&#124;link=_Bangsamoro_topics" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/Flag_of_Bangsamoro.svg/23px-Flag_of_Bangsamoro.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/Flag_of_Bangsamoro.svg/35px-Flag_of_Bangsamoro.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/Flag_of_Bangsamoro.svg/46px-Flag_of_Bangsamoro.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="550" data-file-height="300" /></span></span></span> <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Bangsamoro</a> topics</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Administrative divisions</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Basilan" title="Basilan">Basilan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cotabato_City" title="Cotabato City">Cotabato City</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lanao_del_Sur" title="Lanao del Sur">Lanao del Sur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maguindanao_del_Norte" title="Maguindanao del Norte">Maguindanao del Norte</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maguindanao_del_Sur" title="Maguindanao del Sur">Maguindanao del Sur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sulu" title="Sulu">Sulu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tawi-Tawi" title="Tawi-Tawi">Tawi-Tawi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Special_Geographic_Area" title="Special Geographic Area">Special Geographic Area</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Politics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Autonomous_Region_in_Muslim_Mindanao" title="Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao">Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/ARMM_Regional_Legislative_Assembly" title="ARMM Regional Legislative Assembly">ARMM Regional Legislative Assembly</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bangsamoro_Transition_Commission" title="Bangsamoro Transition Commission">Bangsamoro Transition Commission</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Monitoring_Team" title="International Monitoring Team">International Monitoring Team</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bangsamoro_Juridical_Entity" title="Bangsamoro Juridical Entity">Bangsamoro Juridical Entity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bangsamoro_Republik" title="Bangsamoro Republik">Bangsamoro Republik</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Bangsamoro Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chief_Minister_of_Bangsamoro" title="Chief Minister of Bangsamoro">Chief Minister</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deputy_Chief_Ministers_of_Bangsamoro" class="mw-redirect" title="Deputy Chief Ministers of Bangsamoro">Deputy Chief Ministers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Senior_Minister_of_Bangsamoro" title="Senior Minister of Bangsamoro">Senior Minister</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bangsamoro_Cabinet" title="Bangsamoro Cabinet">Bangsamoro Cabinet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bangsamoro_Transition_Authority" title="Bangsamoro Transition Authority">Bangsamoro Transition Authority</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bangsamoro_Parliament" title="Bangsamoro Parliament">Parliament</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Speaker_of_the_Bangsamoro_Parliament" title="Speaker of the Bangsamoro Parliament">Speaker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parliamentary_districts_of_Bangsamoro" title="Parliamentary districts of Bangsamoro">Parliamentary District</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Council_of_Leaders_of_Bangsamoro" title="Council of Leaders of Bangsamoro">Council of Leaders</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Regional_Darul_Ifta%27_of_Bangsamoro" class="mw-redirect" title="Regional Darul Ifta' of Bangsamoro">Regional Darul Ifta'</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wa%27l%C4%AB_of_Bangsamoro" title="Wa'lī of Bangsamoro">Wa'lī</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">History</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bangsamoro_peace_process" title="Bangsamoro peace process">Bangsamoro peace process</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moro_National_Liberation_Front" title="Moro National Liberation Front">Moro National Liberation Front</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moro_Islamic_Liberation_Front" title="Moro Islamic Liberation Front">Moro Islamic Liberation Front</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moro_conflict" title="Moro conflict">Moro insurgency in the Philippines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1976_Tripoli_Agreement" title="1976 Tripoli Agreement">Tripoli Agreement (1976)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1977_Southern_Philippines_autonomy_plebiscite" title="1977 Southern Philippines autonomy plebiscite">1977 Southern Philippines plebiscite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jeddah_Accord" title="Jeddah Accord">Jeddah Accord (1987)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1996_Final_Peace_Agreement" title="1996 Final Peace Agreement">Jakarta Accord (1996)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Framework_Agreement_on_the_Bangsamoro" title="Framework Agreement on the Bangsamoro">Framework Agreement on the Bangsamoro (2012)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zamboanga_City_crisis" title="Zamboanga City crisis">Zamboanga City crisis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bangsamoro_Republik" title="Bangsamoro Republik">Bangsamoro Republik</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comprehensive_Agreement_on_the_Bangsamoro" title="Comprehensive Agreement on the Bangsamoro">Comprehensive Agreement on the Bangsamoro (2014)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mamasapano_clash" title="Mamasapano clash">Mamasapano clash</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2019_Bangsamoro_autonomy_plebiscite" title="2019 Bangsamoro autonomy plebiscite">2019 Bangsamoro plebiscite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bangsamoro_Organic_Law" title="Bangsamoro Organic Law">Bangsamoro Organic Law</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bangsamoro_transition_period" title="Bangsamoro transition period">Transition period</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Bangsamoro" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Bangsamoro">COVID-19 pandemic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2022_Maguindanao_division_plebiscite" title="2022 Maguindanao division plebiscite">2022 Maguindanao division plebiscite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maguindanao_leadership_crises" class="mw-redirect" title="Maguindanao leadership crises">Maguindanao leadership crises</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2024_Bangsamoro_measles_outbreak" class="mw-redirect" title="2024 Bangsamoro measles outbreak">2024 measles outbreak</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Geography</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Illana_Bay" title="Illana Bay">Illana Bay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lake_Lanao" title="Lake Lanao">Lake Lanao</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liguasan_Marsh" title="Liguasan Marsh">Liguasan Marsh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moro_Gulf" title="Moro Gulf">Moro Gulf</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rio_Grande_de_Mindanao" title="Rio Grande de Mindanao">Rio Grande de Mindanao</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sulu_Archipelago" title="Sulu Archipelago">Sulu Archipelago</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sulu_Sea" title="Sulu Sea">Sulu Sea</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Public services</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Police_Regional_Office_Bangsamoro_Autonomous_Region" title="Police Regional Office Bangsamoro Autonomous Region">Bangsamoro Police</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Education</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Adiong_Memorial_Polytechnic_State_College" class="mw-redirect" title="Adiong Memorial Polytechnic State College">Adiong Memorial Polytechnic State College</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Basilan_State_College" title="Basilan State College">Basilan State College</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cotabato_State_University" title="Cotabato State University">Cotabato State University</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mindanao_State_University" title="Mindanao State University">Mindanao State University</a> <ul><li>MSU Marawi</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mindanao_State_University_%E2%80%93_Maguindanao" class="mw-redirect" title="Mindanao State University – Maguindanao">MSU Maguindanao</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mindanao_State_University_%E2%80%93_Sulu" class="mw-redirect" title="Mindanao State University – Sulu">MSU Sulu</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lanao_National_College_of_Arts_and_Trades&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lanao National College of Arts and Trades (page does not exist)">LNCAT</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mindanao_State_University%E2%80%93Tawi-Tawi_College_of_Technology_and_Oceanography" title="Mindanao State University–Tawi-Tawi College of Technology and Oceanography">TCTO</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Notre_Dame_University" class="mw-redirect" title="Notre Dame University">Notre Dame University</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sulu_State_College" title="Sulu State College">Sulu State College</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tawi-Tawi_Regional_Agricultural_College" title="Tawi-Tawi Regional Agricultural College">Tawi-Tawi Regional Agricultural College</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Culture</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Cultural_Properties_of_the_Philippines_in_Bangsamoro" title="List of Cultural Properties of the Philippines in Bangsamoro">Cultural Properties in Bangsamoro</a></li></ul> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">demographics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;">Peoples</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lumad_peoples" class="mw-redirect" title="Lumad peoples">Lumad</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Teduray_people" title="Teduray people">Tinuray</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moro_people" title="Moro people">Moro</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Iranun_people" title="Iranun people">Iranun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maguindanao_people" title="Maguindanao people">Maguindanao</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maranao_people" title="Maranao people">Maranao</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sama-Bajau" title="Sama-Bajau">Sama-Badjao</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taus%C5%ABg_people" title="Tausūg people">Tausūg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yakan_people" title="Yakan people">Yakan</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Visayans" title="Visayans">Visayan</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;">Languages</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chavacano_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Chavacano language">Chavacano</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iranun_language" title="Iranun language">Iranun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maguindanao_language" title="Maguindanao language">Maguindanaon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maranao_language" title="Maranao language">Maranao</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sama_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Sama language">Sama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tausug_language" title="Tausug language">Tausug</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tiruray_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Tiruray language">Tiruray</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yakan_language" title="Yakan language">Yakan</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Symbols</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Emblem_of_Bangsamoro" title="Emblem of Bangsamoro">Emblem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flag_of_Bangsamoro" title="Flag of Bangsamoro">Flag</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hymn_of_Bangsamoro" title="Hymn of Bangsamoro">Hymn</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="22x22px&#124;link=&#124;alt=_Administrative_divisions_of_the_Philippines" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Administrative_divisions_of_the_Philippines" title="Template:Administrative divisions of the Philippines"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Administrative_divisions_of_the_Philippines" title="Template talk:Administrative divisions of the Philippines"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Administrative_divisions_of_the_Philippines" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Administrative divisions of the Philippines"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="22x22px&#124;link=&#124;alt=_Administrative_divisions_of_the_Philippines" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Coat_of_arms_of_the_Philippines.svg/20px-Coat_of_arms_of_the_Philippines.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Coat_of_arms_of_the_Philippines.svg/30px-Coat_of_arms_of_the_Philippines.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Coat_of_arms_of_the_Philippines.svg/40px-Coat_of_arms_of_the_Philippines.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="568" /></span></span>  <a href="/wiki/Administrative_divisions_of_the_Philippines" title="Administrative divisions of the Philippines">Administrative divisions</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Philippines" title="Philippines">Philippines</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Capital_of_the_Philippines" title="Capital of the Philippines">Capital</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Manila" title="Manila">Manila</a> (<a href="/wiki/Metro_Manila" title="Metro Manila">National Capital Region</a>)</li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="10" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Coat_of_arms_of_the_Philippines.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Coat of arms of the Philippines"><img alt="Coat of arms of the Philippines" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Coat_of_arms_of_the_Philippines.svg/80px-Coat_of_arms_of_the_Philippines.svg.png" decoding="async" width="80" height="89" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Coat_of_arms_of_the_Philippines.svg/120px-Coat_of_arms_of_the_Philippines.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Coat_of_arms_of_the_Philippines.svg/160px-Coat_of_arms_of_the_Philippines.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="568" /></a></span><br /><br /><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Ph_regions_and_provinces.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Map of the Philippines"><img alt="Map of the Philippines" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Ph_regions_and_provinces.svg/80px-Ph_regions_and_provinces.svg.png" decoding="async" width="80" height="116" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Ph_regions_and_provinces.svg/120px-Ph_regions_and_provinces.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Ph_regions_and_provinces.svg/160px-Ph_regions_and_provinces.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="4200" data-file-height="6105" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Island_groups_of_the_Philippines" title="Island groups of the Philippines">Island groups</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Luzon" title="Luzon">Luzon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Visayas" title="Visayas">Visayas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mindanao" title="Mindanao">Mindanao</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Regions_of_the_Philippines" title="Regions of the Philippines">Regions</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Administrative</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ilocos_Region" title="Ilocos Region">I – Ilocos Region</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cagayan_Valley" title="Cagayan Valley">II – Cagayan Valley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Central_Luzon" title="Central Luzon">III – Central Luzon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Calabarzon" title="Calabarzon">IV-A – Calabarzon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mimaropa" title="Mimaropa">Mimaropa – Southwestern Tagalog Region</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bicol_Region" title="Bicol Region">V – Bicol Region</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Western_Visayas" title="Western Visayas">VI – Western Visayas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Central_Visayas" title="Central Visayas">VII – Central Visayas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eastern_Visayas" title="Eastern Visayas">VIII – Eastern Visayas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zamboanga_Peninsula" title="Zamboanga Peninsula">IX – Zamboanga Peninsula</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northern_Mindanao" title="Northern Mindanao">X – Northern Mindanao</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Davao_Region" title="Davao Region">XI – Davao Region</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Soccsksargen" title="Soccsksargen">XII – Soccsksargen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caraga" title="Caraga">XIII – Caraga Region</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cordillera_Administrative_Region" title="Cordillera Administrative Region">CAR – Cordillera Administrative Region</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Metro_Manila" title="Metro Manila">NCR – National Capital Region</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Negros_Island_Region" title="Negros Island Region">NIR – Negros Island Region</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Autonomous_regions_of_the_Philippines" title="Autonomous regions of the Philippines">Autonomous</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">BARMM – Bangsamoro Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Provinces_of_the_Philippines" title="Provinces of the Philippines">Provinces</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abra_(province)" title="Abra (province)">Abra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Agusan_del_Norte" title="Agusan del Norte">Agusan del Norte</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Agusan_del_Sur" title="Agusan del Sur">Agusan del Sur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aklan" title="Aklan">Aklan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albay" title="Albay">Albay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antique_(province)" title="Antique (province)">Antique</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apayao" title="Apayao">Apayao</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aurora_(province)" title="Aurora (province)">Aurora</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Basilan" title="Basilan">Basilan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bataan" title="Bataan">Bataan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Batanes" title="Batanes">Batanes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Batangas" title="Batangas">Batangas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Benguet" title="Benguet">Benguet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Biliran" title="Biliran">Biliran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bohol" title="Bohol">Bohol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bukidnon" title="Bukidnon">Bukidnon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bulacan" title="Bulacan">Bulacan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cagayan" title="Cagayan">Cagayan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Camarines_Norte" title="Camarines Norte">Camarines Norte</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Camarines_Sur" title="Camarines Sur">Camarines Sur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Camiguin" title="Camiguin">Camiguin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Capiz" title="Capiz">Capiz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catanduanes" title="Catanduanes">Catanduanes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cavite" title="Cavite">Cavite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cebu" title="Cebu">Cebu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cotabato" title="Cotabato">Cotabato</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Davao_de_Oro" title="Davao de Oro">Davao de Oro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Davao_del_Norte" title="Davao del Norte">Davao del Norte</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Davao_del_Sur" title="Davao del Sur">Davao del Sur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Davao_Occidental" title="Davao Occidental">Davao Occidental</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Davao_Oriental" title="Davao Oriental">Davao Oriental</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dinagat_Islands" title="Dinagat Islands">Dinagat Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eastern_Samar" title="Eastern Samar">Eastern Samar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guimaras" title="Guimaras">Guimaras</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ifugao" title="Ifugao">Ifugao</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ilocos_Norte" title="Ilocos Norte">Ilocos Norte</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ilocos_Sur" title="Ilocos Sur">Ilocos Sur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iloilo" title="Iloilo">Iloilo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Isabela_(province)" title="Isabela (province)">Isabela</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kalinga_(province)" title="Kalinga (province)">Kalinga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/La_Union" title="La Union">La Union</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Laguna_(province)" title="Laguna (province)">Laguna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lanao_del_Norte" title="Lanao del Norte">Lanao del Norte</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lanao_del_Sur" title="Lanao del Sur">Lanao del Sur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leyte_(province)" title="Leyte (province)">Leyte</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maguindanao_del_Norte" title="Maguindanao del Norte">Maguindanao del Norte</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maguindanao_del_Sur" title="Maguindanao del Sur">Maguindanao del Sur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marinduque" title="Marinduque">Marinduque</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Masbate" title="Masbate">Masbate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Misamis_Occidental" title="Misamis Occidental">Misamis Occidental</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Misamis_Oriental" title="Misamis Oriental">Misamis Oriental</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mountain_Province" title="Mountain Province">Mountain Province</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Negros_Occidental" title="Negros Occidental">Negros Occidental</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Negros_Oriental" title="Negros Oriental">Negros Oriental</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northern_Samar" title="Northern Samar">Northern Samar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nueva_Ecija" title="Nueva Ecija">Nueva Ecija</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nueva_Vizcaya" title="Nueva Vizcaya">Nueva Vizcaya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Occidental_Mindoro" title="Occidental Mindoro">Occidental Mindoro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oriental_Mindoro" title="Oriental Mindoro">Oriental Mindoro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palawan" title="Palawan">Palawan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pampanga" title="Pampanga">Pampanga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pangasinan" title="Pangasinan">Pangasinan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quezon" title="Quezon">Quezon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quirino" title="Quirino">Quirino</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rizal_(province)" title="Rizal (province)">Rizal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romblon" title="Romblon">Romblon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samar_(province)" title="Samar (province)">Samar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sarangani" title="Sarangani">Sarangani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siquijor" title="Siquijor">Siquijor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sorsogon" title="Sorsogon">Sorsogon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Cotabato" title="South Cotabato">South Cotabato</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Southern_Leyte" title="Southern Leyte">Southern Leyte</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sultan_Kudarat" title="Sultan Kudarat">Sultan Kudarat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sulu" title="Sulu">Sulu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Surigao_del_Norte" title="Surigao del Norte">Surigao del Norte</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Surigao_del_Sur" title="Surigao del Sur">Surigao del Sur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tarlac" title="Tarlac">Tarlac</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tawi-Tawi" title="Tawi-Tawi">Tawi-Tawi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zambales" title="Zambales">Zambales</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zamboanga_del_Norte" title="Zamboanga del Norte">Zamboanga del Norte</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zamboanga_del_Sur" title="Zamboanga del Sur">Zamboanga del Sur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zamboanga_Sibugay" title="Zamboanga Sibugay">Zamboanga Sibugay</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Cities_of_the_Philippines" title="Cities of the Philippines">Cities</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_cities_in_the_Philippines" title="List of cities in the Philippines">List of cities in the Philippines</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Municipalities_of_the_Philippines" title="Municipalities of the Philippines">Municipalities</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_cities_and_municipalities_in_the_Philippines" title="List of cities and municipalities in the Philippines">List of cities and municipalities in the Philippines</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Barangay" title="Barangay">Barangays</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Lists_of_barangays_in_Philippine_provinces" title="Category:Lists of barangays in Philippine provinces">Lists of barangays by province</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Poblacion" title="Poblacion">Poblacion</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other subdivisions</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Purok" title="Purok">Puroks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sitio" title="Sitio">Sitios</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_primary_local_government_units_of_the_Philippines" title="List of primary local government units of the Philippines">List of primary LGUs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legislative_districts_of_the_Philippines" title="Legislative districts of the Philippines">Legislative districts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_metropolitan_areas_in_the_Philippines" title="List of metropolitan areas in the Philippines">Metropolitan areas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Special_Geographic_Area" title="Special Geographic Area">Special Geographic Area</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Proposed</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Provinces_of_the_Philippines#Formally_proposed_provinces" title="Provinces of the Philippines">Formally proposed provinces</a></li> <li>Autonomous regions <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cordillera_autonomy_movement" title="Cordillera autonomy movement">Cordillera</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Historical</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Template:Philippines_former_provinces_and_cities" title="Template:Philippines former provinces and cities">Former provinces</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sub-provinces_of_the_Philippines" title="Sub-provinces of the Philippines">Sub-provinces</a></li> <li>Regions <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Autonomous_Region_in_Muslim_Mindanao" title="Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao">Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Southern_Tagalog" title="Southern Tagalog">Southern Tagalog</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Regions_of_the_Philippines" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Regions_of_the_Philippines" title="Template:Regions of the Philippines"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Regions_of_the_Philippines" title="Template talk:Regions of the Philippines"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Regions_of_the_Philippines" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Regions of the Philippines"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Regions_of_the_Philippines" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Regions_of_the_Philippines" title="Regions of the Philippines">Regions of the Philippines</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Luzon" title="Luzon">Luzon</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Metro_Manila" title="Metro Manila">NCR – National Capital Region</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cordillera_Administrative_Region" title="Cordillera Administrative Region">CAR – Cordillera Administrative Region</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ilocos_Region" title="Ilocos Region">I – Ilocos Region</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cagayan_Valley" title="Cagayan Valley">II – Cagayan Valley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Central_Luzon" title="Central Luzon">III – Central Luzon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Calabarzon" title="Calabarzon">IV-A – Calabarzon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mimaropa" title="Mimaropa">Mimaropa – Southwestern Tagalog Region</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bicol_Region" title="Bicol Region">V – Bicol Region</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Visayas" title="Visayas">Visayas</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Western_Visayas" title="Western Visayas">VI – Western Visayas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Negros_Island_Region" title="Negros Island Region">NIR – Negros Island Region</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Central_Visayas" title="Central Visayas">VII – Central Visayas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eastern_Visayas" title="Eastern Visayas">VIII – Eastern Visayas</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Mindanao" title="Mindanao">Mindanao</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Zamboanga_Peninsula" title="Zamboanga Peninsula">IX – Zamboanga Peninsula</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northern_Mindanao" title="Northern Mindanao">X – Northern Mindanao</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Davao_Region" title="Davao Region">XI – Davao Region</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Soccsksargen" title="Soccsksargen">XII – Soccsksargen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caraga" title="Caraga">XIII – Caraga Region</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">BARMM – Bangsamoro Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Former regions</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Autonomous_Region_in_Muslim_Mindanao" title="Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao">ARMM – Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Southern_Tagalog" title="Southern Tagalog">IV – Southern Tagalog</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Moro_conflict" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Moro_conflict" title="Template:Moro conflict"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Moro_conflict" title="Template talk:Moro conflict"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Moro_conflict" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Moro conflict"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Moro_conflict" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Moro_conflict" title="Moro conflict">Moro conflict</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Prelude</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Illegal_drug_trade_in_the_Philippines" title="Illegal drug trade in the Philippines">Drug abuse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gun_politics_in_the_Philippines" class="mw-redirect" title="Gun politics in the Philippines">Gun cultures</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Poverty_in_the_Philippines" title="Poverty in the Philippines">Poverty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Racism_in_the_Philippines" title="Racism in the Philippines">Racism</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Rido" class="mw-redirect" title="Rido">Rido</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Piracy_in_the_Sulu_Sea" class="mw-redirect" title="Piracy in the Sulu Sea">Piracy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jabidah_massacre" title="Jabidah massacre">Jabidah massacre</a> (1968)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manili_massacre" title="Manili massacre">Manili massacre</a> (1971)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tacub_massacre" title="Tacub massacre">Tacub massacre</a> (1971)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palimbang_massacre" title="Palimbang massacre">Palimbang massacre</a> (1974)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Rebel groups</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Pro-autonomy or independence</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Moro_National_Liberation_Front" title="Moro National Liberation Front">Moro National Liberation Front</a> (MNLF)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moro_Islamic_Liberation_Front" title="Moro Islamic Liberation Front">Moro Islamic Liberation Front</a> (MILF)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/MNLF_Executive_Council_of_15" title="MNLF Executive Council of 15">MNLF Executive Council of 15</a> (MNLF EC-15)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Islamists</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abu_Sayyaf" title="Abu Sayyaf">Abu Sayyaf</a> (ASG)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ansar_Khalifa_Philippines" title="Ansar Khalifa Philippines">Ansar Khalifa Philippines</a> (AKP)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bangsamoro_Islamic_Freedom_Fighters" title="Bangsamoro Islamic Freedom Fighters">Bangsamoro Islamic Freedom Fighters</a> (BIFF)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khalifa_Islamiyah_Mindanao" title="Khalifa Islamiyah Mindanao">Khalifa Islamiyah Mindanao</a> (KIM)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maute_group" title="Maute group">Maute group</a> (MG)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Leaders</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Pro-autonomy or independence</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Nur_Misuari" title="Nur Misuari">Nur Misuari</a> (MNLF)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mus_Sema" class="mw-redirect" title="Mus Sema">Mus Sema</a> (MNLF EC-15)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Murad_Ebrahim" title="Murad Ebrahim">Murad Ebrahim</a> (MILF)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Islamists</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Isnilon_Hapilon" title="Isnilon Hapilon">Isnilon Hapilon</a> (ASG)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khadaffy_Janjalani" title="Khadaffy Janjalani">Khadaffy Janjalani</a> (ASG)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ameril_Umbra_Kato" title="Ameril Umbra Kato">Ameril Umbra Kato</a> (BIFF)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albader_Parad" title="Albader Parad">Albader Parad</a> (ASG)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abu_Sabaya" title="Abu Sabaya">Abu Sabaya</a> (ASG)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Radullan_Sahiron" title="Radullan Sahiron">Radullan Sahiron</a> (ASG)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jainal_Antel_Sali_Jr." title="Jainal Antel Sali Jr.">Jainal Antel Sali Jr.</a> (ASG)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ahmed_Santos_(militant)" title="Ahmed Santos (militant)">Ahmed Santos</a> (RSM)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hamsiraji_Marusi_Sali" title="Hamsiraji Marusi Sali">Hamsiraji Marusi Sali</a> (ASG)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Omar_Maute" title="Omar Maute">Omar Maute</a> (MG)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abdullah_Maute" title="Abdullah Maute">Abdullah Maute</a> (MG)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Incidents</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Battle_off_Mukah" title="Battle off Mukah">Battle off Mukah</a> (1862)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Jolo_(1974)" title="Battle of Jolo (1974)">Battle of Jolo</a> (1974)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Patikul_massacre" title="Patikul massacre">Patikul massacre</a> (1977)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pata_Island_massacre" title="Pata Island massacre">Pata Island massacre</a> (1981)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1995_Ipil_massacre" title="1995 Ipil massacre">Ipil massacre</a> (1995)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/2000_Philippine_campaign_against_the_Moro_Islamic_Liberation_Front" title="2000 Philippine campaign against the Moro Islamic Liberation Front">Philippine campaign against the Moro Islamic Liberation Front</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Camp_Abubakar" title="Battle of Camp Abubakar">Battle of Camp Abubakar</a> (2000)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/2001_Misuari_rebellion" title="2001 Misuari rebellion">Misuari rebellion</a> (2001)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Enduring_Freedom_%E2%80%93_Philippines" title="Operation Enduring Freedom – Philippines">Operation Enduring Freedom – Philippines</a> (2002–2015)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/2007_Basilan_beheading_incident" title="2007 Basilan beheading incident">Basilan beheading incident</a> (2007)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/2008_Cotabato_conflict" title="2008 Cotabato conflict">Cotabato conflict</a> (2008)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/2013_Lahad_Datu_standoff" title="2013 Lahad Datu standoff">Lahad Datu standoff</a> (2013)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zamboanga_City_crisis" title="Zamboanga City crisis">Zamboanga City crisis</a> (2013)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Darkhorse" title="Operation Darkhorse">Operation Darkhorse</a> (2014)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Basilan_(2014)" title="Battle of Basilan (2014)">Battle of Basilan</a> (2014)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mamasapano_clash" title="Mamasapano clash">Mamasapano clash</a> (2015)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Tipo-Tipo" title="Battle of Tipo-Tipo">Battle of Tipo-Tipo</a> (2016)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/2016_Butig_clashes" title="2016 Butig clashes">Butig clashes</a> (2016)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/2017_Bohol_clashes" title="2017 Bohol clashes">Bohol clashes</a> (2017)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Marawi" title="Siege of Marawi">Siege of Marawi</a> (2017)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ungkaya_Pukan_clash" title="Ungkaya Pukan clash">Ungkaya Pukan clash </a> (2022)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Incidents involving<br />civilians</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1985_Lahad_Datu_ambush" title="1985 Lahad Datu ambush">Lahad Datu ambush</a> (1985)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ozamiz_Ferry_Bombing" class="mw-redirect" title="Ozamiz Ferry Bombing">Ozamiz Ferry Bombing</a> (2000)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/2000_Sipadan_kidnappings" title="2000 Sipadan kidnappings">Sipadan kidnappings</a> (2000)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rizal_Day_bombings" title="Rizal Day bombings">Rizal Day bombings</a> (2000)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dos_Palmas_kidnappings" title="Dos Palmas kidnappings">Dos Palmas kidnappings</a> (2000–2001)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Lamitan" title="Siege of Lamitan">Siege of Lamitan</a> (2001)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/2002_Zamboanga_City_bombings" title="2002 Zamboanga City bombings">Zamboanga City bombings</a> (2002)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/MV_SuperFerry_14" title="MV SuperFerry 14">SuperFerry 14 bombing</a> (2004)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/2006_Central_Mindanao_bombings" title="2006 Central Mindanao bombings">Central Mindanao bombings</a> (2006)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/2009_Mindanao_bombings" title="2009 Mindanao bombings">Mindanao bombings</a> (2009)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maguindanao_massacre" title="Maguindanao massacre">Maguindanao massacre</a> (2009)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/2014_Bukidnon_bus_bombing" title="2014 Bukidnon bus bombing">Bukidnon bus bombing</a> (2014)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/2016_Davao_City_bombing" title="2016 Davao City bombing">Davao City bombing</a> (2016)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/2019_Jolo_Cathedral_bombings" title="2019 Jolo Cathedral bombings">Jolo Cathedral bombings</a> (2019)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/2020_Jolo_bombings" title="2020 Jolo bombings">Jolo bombings</a> (2020)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Datu_Paglas_market_occupation" title="Datu Paglas market occupation">Datu Paglas market occupation</a> (2021)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mindanao_State_University_bombing" title="Mindanao State University bombing">Mindanao State University bombing</a> (2023)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Bangsamoro_peace_process" title="Bangsamoro peace process">Peace process</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1976_Tripoli_Agreement" title="1976 Tripoli Agreement">1976 Tripoli Agreement</a> (MNLF)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jeddah_Accord" title="Jeddah Accord">1987 Jeddah Accord</a> (MNLF)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1996_Final_Peace_Agreement" title="1996 Final Peace Agreement">1996 Final Peace Agreement</a> (MNLF)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Framework_Agreement_on_the_Bangsamoro" title="Framework Agreement on the Bangsamoro">2012 Framework Agreement on the Bangsamoro</a> (MILF)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comprehensive_Agreement_on_the_Bangsamoro" title="Comprehensive Agreement on the Bangsamoro">2014 Comprehensive Agreement on the Bangsamoro</a> (MILF)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Security zones<br />and peace monitoring</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/AFP_Western_Mindanao_Command" class="mw-redirect" title="AFP Western Mindanao Command">AFP Western Mindanao Command</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AFP_Eastern_Mindanao_Command" title="AFP Eastern Mindanao Command">AFP Eastern Mindanao Command</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eastern_Sabah_Security_Command" title="Eastern Sabah Security Command">Eastern Sabah Security Command</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eastern_Sabah_Security_Zone" title="Eastern Sabah Security Zone">Eastern Sabah Security Zone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Monitoring_Team" title="International Monitoring Team">International Monitoring Team</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joint_Peace_and_Security_Team" title="Joint Peace and Security Team">Joint Peace and Security Team</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related articles</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Autonomous_Region_in_Muslim_Mindanao" title="Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao">Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bangsamoro_Organic_Law" title="Bangsamoro Organic Law">Bangsamoro Organic Law</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Bangsamoro Autonomous Region</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bangsamoro_Republik" title="Bangsamoro Republik">Bangsamoro Republik</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cross_border_attacks_in_Sabah" title="Cross border attacks in Sabah">Cross border attacks in Sabah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ilaga" title="Ilaga">Ilaga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moro_people" title="Moro people">Moro people</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Proclamation_No._216" title="Proclamation No. 216">Proclamation No. 216</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Refugees_of_the_Philippines" title="Refugees of the Philippines">Refugees</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-label="Navbox" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist navbox-inner" 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