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class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Malolos_Congress"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>Malolos Congress</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Malolos_Congress-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Philippine_Assembly" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Philippine_Assembly"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>Philippine Assembly</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Philippine_Assembly-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Jones_Act_of_1916" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Jones_Act_of_1916"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3</span> <span>Jones Act of 1916</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Jones_Act_of_1916-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Commonwealth_and_the_Third_Republic" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Commonwealth_and_the_Third_Republic"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.4</span> <span>Commonwealth and the Third Republic</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Commonwealth_and_the_Third_Republic-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Martial_Law" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Martial_Law"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.5</span> <span>Martial Law</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Martial_Law-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-1987_Constitution" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#1987_Constitution"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.6</span> <span>1987 Constitution</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-1987_Constitution-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Electoral_system" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Electoral_system"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Electoral system</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Electoral_system-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Officers" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Officers"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Officers</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Officers-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Officers subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Officers-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Speaker" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Speaker"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>Speaker</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Speaker-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Deputy_Speakers" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Deputy_Speakers"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>Deputy Speakers</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Deputy_Speakers-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Majority_Floor_Leader" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Majority_Floor_Leader"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.3</span> <span>Majority Floor Leader</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Majority_Floor_Leader-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Minority_Floor_Leader" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Minority_Floor_Leader"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.4</span> <span>Minority Floor Leader</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Minority_Floor_Leader-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Secretary_General" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Secretary_General"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.5</span> <span>Secretary General</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Secretary_General-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sergeant-at-Arms" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sergeant-at-Arms"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.6</span> <span>Sergeant-at-Arms</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sergeant-at-Arms-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Qualifications" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Qualifications"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Qualifications</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Qualifications-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Membership" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Membership"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Membership</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Membership-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Membership subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Membership-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Congressional_district_representation" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Congressional_district_representation"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.1</span> <span>Congressional district representation</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Congressional_district_representation-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Legislative_districts_in_provinces" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Legislative_districts_in_provinces"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.1.1</span> <span>Legislative districts in provinces</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Legislative_districts_in_provinces-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Legislative_districts_in_cities" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Legislative_districts_in_cities"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.1.2</span> <span>Legislative districts in cities</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Legislative_districts_in_cities-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Party-list_representation" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Party-list_representation"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.2</span> <span>Party-list representation</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Party-list_representation-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sectoral_representation" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sectoral_representation"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.3</span> <span>Sectoral representation</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sectoral_representation-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Legislative_caretakers" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Legislative_caretakers"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.4</span> <span>Legislative caretakers</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Legislative_caretakers-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Redistricting" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Redistricting"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Redistricting</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Redistricting-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Redistricting subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Redistricting-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Most_populous_legislative_districts" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Most_populous_legislative_districts"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.1</span> <span>Most populous legislative districts</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Most_populous_legislative_districts-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Underrepresentation" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Underrepresentation"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.2</span> <span>Underrepresentation</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Underrepresentation-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Powers" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Powers"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Powers</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Powers-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Seat" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Seat"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Seat</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Seat-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Seat subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Seat-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Batasang_Pambansa_Complex" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Batasang_Pambansa_Complex"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8.1</span> <span>Batasang Pambansa Complex</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Batasang_Pambansa_Complex-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Current_composition" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Current_composition"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>Current composition</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Current_composition-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Current composition subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Current_composition-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Leadership" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Leadership"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9.1</span> <span>Leadership</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Leadership-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-19th_Congress_Standing_Committees" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#19th_Congress_Standing_Committees"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9.2</span> <span>19th Congress Standing Committees</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-19th_Congress_Standing_Committees-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Latest_election" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Latest_election"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>Latest election</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Latest_election-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Latest election subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Latest_election-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Elections_at_congressional_districts" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Elections_at_congressional_districts"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10.1</span> <span>Elections at congressional districts</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Elections_at_congressional_districts-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Party-list_election" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Party-list_election"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10.2</span> <span>Party-list election</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Party-list_election-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">12</span> <span>Notes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">13</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">14</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">House of Representatives of the Philippines</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 25 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-25" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">25 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%AC%D9%84%D8%B3_%D9%86%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%A8_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%81%D9%84%D8%A8%D9%8A%D9%86" title="مجلس نواب الفلبين – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="مجلس نواب الفلبين" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bcl mw-list-item"><a href="https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kamara_de_Representantes_kan_Filipinas" title="Kamara de Representantes kan Filipinas – Central Bikol" lang="bcl" hreflang="bcl" data-title="Kamara de Representantes kan Filipinas" data-language-autonym="Bikol Central" data-language-local-name="Central Bikol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bikol Central</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ubos_Balay-Balaoranan_sa_Pilipinas" title="Ubos Balay-Balaoranan sa Pilipinas – Cebuano" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Ubos Balay-Balaoranan sa Pilipinas" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="Cebuano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Repr%C3%A4sentantenhaus_(Philippinen)" title="Repräsentantenhaus (Philippinen) – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Repräsentantenhaus (Philippinen)" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/C%C3%A1mara_de_Representantes_de_Filipinas" title="Cámara de Representantes de Filipinas – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Cámara de Representantes de Filipinas" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chambre_des_repr%C3%A9sentants_des_Philippines" title="Chambre des représentants des Philippines – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Chambre des représentants des Philippines" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%ED%95%84%EB%A6%AC%ED%95%80_%ED%95%98%EC%9B%90" title="필리핀 하원 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="필리핀 하원" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ilo mw-list-item"><a href="https://ilo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kamara_dagiti_Pannakabagi_ti_Filipinas" title="Kamara dagiti Pannakabagi ti Filipinas – Iloko" lang="ilo" hreflang="ilo" data-title="Kamara dagiti Pannakabagi ti Filipinas" data-language-autonym="Ilokano" data-language-local-name="Iloko" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ilokano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dewan_Perwakilan_Rakyat_Filipina" title="Dewan Perwakilan Rakyat Filipina – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Dewan Perwakilan Rakyat Filipina" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Camera_dei_rappresentanti_(Filippine)" title="Camera dei rappresentanti (Filippine) – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Camera dei rappresentanti (Filippine)" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pam mw-list-item"><a href="https://pam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kapulungan_ding_Pekakatawan_ning_Filipinas" title="Kapulungan ding Pekakatawan ning Filipinas – Pampanga" lang="pam" hreflang="pam" data-title="Kapulungan ding Pekakatawan ning Filipinas" data-language-autonym="Kapampangan" data-language-local-name="Pampanga" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kapampangan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%BC_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%A4%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B5" title="Претставнички дом на Филипините – Macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Претставнички дом на Филипините" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dewan_Perwakilan_Filipina" title="Dewan Perwakilan Filipina – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Dewan Perwakilan Filipina" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link 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.infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size: 125%; border-top: 2px solid #f1c647; border-bottom: 2px solid #f1c647"><div style="display:inline" class="fn org">House of Representatives</div> <br /><div style="display:inline" class="nickname"><small><i>Kapulungan ng mga Kinatawan</i></small></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader"><a href="/wiki/19th_Congress_of_the_Philippines" title="19th Congress of the Philippines">19th Congress of the Philippines</a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Seal_of_the_Philippine_House_of_Representatives.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Seal of the House of Representatives" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Seal_of_the_Philippine_House_of_Representatives.svg/170px-Seal_of_the_Philippine_House_of_Representatives.svg.png" decoding="async" width="170" height="170" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Seal_of_the_Philippine_House_of_Representatives.svg/255px-Seal_of_the_Philippine_House_of_Representatives.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Seal_of_the_Philippine_House_of_Representatives.svg/340px-Seal_of_the_Philippine_House_of_Representatives.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="490" data-file-height="490" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">Seal of the House of Representatives</div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_the_Speaker_of_the_House_of_Representatives_of_the_Philippines.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Flag of the House of Representatives" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Flag_of_the_Speaker_of_the_House_of_Representatives_of_the_Philippines.svg/170px-Flag_of_the_Speaker_of_the_House_of_Representatives_of_the_Philippines.svg.png" decoding="async" width="170" height="85" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Flag_of_the_Speaker_of_the_House_of_Representatives_of_the_Philippines.svg/255px-Flag_of_the_Speaker_of_the_House_of_Representatives_of_the_Philippines.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Flag_of_the_Speaker_of_the_House_of_Representatives_of_the_Philippines.svg/340px-Flag_of_the_Speaker_of_the_House_of_Representatives_of_the_Philippines.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="440" data-file-height="220" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">Flag of the House of Representatives</div></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="border-top: 2px solid #f1c647; border-bottom: 2px solid #f1c647">Type</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Type</th><td class="infobox-data"><div style="padding:0.1em 0;line-height:1.3em;"><div style="display:inline" class="category"><a href="/wiki/Lower_house" title="Lower house">Lower house</a></div> of the <a href="/wiki/Congress_of_the_Philippines" title="Congress of the Philippines">Congress of the Philippines</a> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Term limits</div></th><td class="infobox-data">3 consecutive terms (9 years)</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="border-top: 2px solid #f1c647; border-bottom: 2px solid #f1c647">History</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Founded</th><td class="infobox-data">October 1907<span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated itvstart">1907-10</span>)</span></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="border-top: 2px solid #f1c647; border-bottom: 2px solid #f1c647">Leadership</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><a href="/wiki/Speaker_of_the_House_of_Representatives_of_the_Philippines" title="Speaker of the House of Representatives of the Philippines">Speaker</a></div></th><td class="infobox-data"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0; line-height:1.3em"><a href="/wiki/Martin_Romualdez" title="Martin Romualdez">Martin Romualdez</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lakas%E2%80%93CMD" title="Lakas–CMD">Lakas</a> <br />since July 25, 2022 </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0; line-height:1.3em">Senior <a href="/wiki/Deputy_Speaker_of_the_House_of_Representatives_of_the_Philippines" title="Deputy Speaker of the House of Representatives of the Philippines">Deputy Speaker</a></div></th><td class="infobox-data"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0; line-height:1.3em"><a href="/wiki/Aurelio_Gonzales_Jr." title="Aurelio Gonzales Jr.">Aurelio Gonzales Jr.</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lakas%E2%80%93CMD" title="Lakas–CMD">Lakas</a> <br />since May 17, 2023 </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0; line-height:1.3em"><a href="/wiki/Deputy_Speaker_of_the_House_of_Representatives_of_the_Philippines" title="Deputy Speaker of the House of Representatives of the Philippines">Deputy Speakers</a></div></th><td class="infobox-data"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0; line-height:1.3em"><a href="/wiki/19th_Congress_of_the_Philippines#House_of_Representatives" title="19th Congress of the Philippines"><i>See list</i></a> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0; line-height:1.3em"><a href="/wiki/Majority_Floor_Leader_of_the_House_of_Representatives_of_the_Philippines" title="Majority Floor Leader of the House of Representatives of the Philippines">Majority Leader</a></div></th><td class="infobox-data"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0; line-height:1.3em">Manuel Jose Dalipe, <a href="/wiki/Lakas%E2%80%93CMD" title="Lakas–CMD">Lakas</a> <br />since July 25, 2022 </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0; line-height:1.3em"><a href="/wiki/Minority_Floor_Leader_of_the_House_of_Representatives_of_the_Philippines" title="Minority Floor Leader of the House of Representatives of the Philippines">Minority Leader</a></div></th><td class="infobox-data"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0; line-height:1.3em"><a href="/wiki/Marcelino_Libanan" title="Marcelino Libanan">Marcelino Libanan</a>, <a href="/wiki/4Ps_Party-list" title="4Ps Party-list">4Ps</a> <br />since July 25, 2022 </div></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="border-top: 2px solid #f1c647; border-bottom: 2px solid #f1c647">Structure</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Seats</th><td class="infobox-data"><b>316</b> representatives<br />253 from <a href="/wiki/Congressional_districts_of_the_Philippines" title="Congressional districts of the Philippines">congressional districts</a><br />63 <a href="/wiki/Party-list_representation_in_the_House_of_Representatives_of_the_Philippines" title="Party-list representation in the House of Representatives of the Philippines">party-list representatives</a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Philippine_House_of_Representatives_2024_Composition.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/Philippine_House_of_Representatives_2024_Composition.svg/250px-Philippine_House_of_Representatives_2024_Composition.svg.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="128" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/Philippine_House_of_Representatives_2024_Composition.svg/375px-Philippine_House_of_Representatives_2024_Composition.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/Philippine_House_of_Representatives_2024_Composition.svg/500px-Philippine_House_of_Representatives_2024_Composition.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="360" data-file-height="185" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Political groups</div></th><td class="infobox-data"><b>Majority (283)</b> <ul><li><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r981673959">.mw-parser-output .legend{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .legend-color{display:inline-block;min-width:1.25em;height:1.25em;line-height:1.25;margin:1px 0;text-align:center;border:1px solid black;background-color:transparent;color:black}.mw-parser-output .legend-text{}</style><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#B0E0E6; color:black;border:1px solid darkgray;"> </span> <a href="/wiki/Lakas%E2%80%93CMD" title="Lakas–CMD">Lakas</a> (100)</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#333333; color:white;border:1px solid darkgray;"> </span> <a href="/wiki/Party-list_Coalition" title="Party-list Coalition">Party-list Coalition</a> (42)</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#104a21; color:white;border:1px solid darkgray;"> </span> <a href="/wiki/National_Unity_Party_(Philippines)" title="National Unity Party (Philippines)">NUP</a> (38)</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#98fb98; color:black;border:1px solid darkgray;"> </span> <a href="/wiki/Nacionalista_Party" title="Nacionalista Party">Nacionalista</a> (38)</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#4AA02C; color:black;border:1px solid darkgray;"> </span> <a href="/wiki/Nationalist_People%27s_Coalition" title="Nationalist People's Coalition">NPC</a> (38)</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#0D5F31; color:white;border:1px solid darkgray;"> </span> <a href="/wiki/Partido_Federal_ng_Pilipinas" title="Partido Federal ng Pilipinas">PFP</a> (10)</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#f0e68c; color:black;border:1px solid darkgray;"> </span> <a href="/wiki/Liberal_Party_(Philippines)" title="Liberal Party (Philippines)">Liberal</a> (8)</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#ffd700; color:black;border:1px solid darkgray;"> </span> <a href="/wiki/Partido_Demokratiko_Pilipino" title="Partido Demokratiko Pilipino">PDP</a> (4)</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:purple; color:white;border:1px solid darkgray;"> </span> Local parties (7)<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>a<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#9683EC; color:black;border:1px solid darkgray;"> </span> <a href="/wiki/Aksyon_Demokratiko" title="Aksyon Demokratiko">Aksyon</a> (1)</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#0067B4; color:white;border:1px solid darkgray;"> </span> <a href="/wiki/Centrist_Democratic_Party_of_the_Philippines" title="Centrist Democratic Party of the Philippines">CDP</a> (1)</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#0000CD; color:white;border:1px solid darkgray;"> </span> <a href="/wiki/Laban_ng_Demokratikong_Pilipino" title="Laban ng Demokratikong Pilipino">LDP</a> (1)</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#FE4D00; color:black;border:1px solid darkgray;"> </span> <a href="/wiki/United_Nationalist_Alliance" title="United Nationalist Alliance">UNA</a> (1)</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#DCDCDC; color:black;border:1px solid darkgray;"> </span> <a href="/wiki/Independent_politician" title="Independent politician">Independent</a> (4)</li></ul> <p><b>Minority (28)</b> </p> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#333333; color:white;border:1px solid darkgray;"> </span> <a href="/wiki/Party-list_Coalition" title="Party-list Coalition">Party-list Coalition</a> (16)</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#29176E; color:white;border:1px solid darkgray;"> </span> <a href="/wiki/Makabayan" title="Makabayan">Makabayan</a> (3)</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#f0e68c; color:black;border:1px solid darkgray;"> </span> <a href="/wiki/Liberal_Party_(Philippines)" title="Liberal Party (Philippines)">Liberal</a> (2)</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#98fb98; color:black;border:1px solid darkgray;"> </span> <a href="/wiki/Nacionalista_Party" title="Nacionalista Party">Nacionalista</a> (2)</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#104a21; color:white;border:1px solid darkgray;"> </span> <a href="/wiki/National_Unity_Party_(Philippines)" title="National Unity Party (Philippines)">NUP</a> (2)</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#cc0000; color:white;border:1px solid darkgray;"> </span> <a href="/wiki/Partido_para_sa_Demokratikong_Reporma" title="Partido para sa Demokratikong Reporma">Reporma</a> (2)</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:purple; color:white;border:1px solid darkgray;"> </span> Local parties (1)<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>b<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <p><b>Vacant (5)</b> </p> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:white; color:black;border:1px solid darkgray;"> </span> Vacancies (5)</li></ul> </td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Committees</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Philippine_House_of_Representatives_committees" title="List of Philippine House of Representatives committees">63 standing committees and 17 special committees</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Length of term</div></th><td class="infobox-data">3 years</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Authority</th><td class="infobox-data">Article VI, <a href="/wiki/Constitution_of_the_Philippines" title="Constitution of the Philippines">Constitution of the Philippines</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="border-top: 2px solid #f1c647; border-bottom: 2px solid #f1c647">Elections</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><a href="/wiki/Electoral_system" title="Electoral system">Voting system</a></div></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Parallel_voting" title="Parallel voting">Parallel voting</a> (<a href="/wiki/First-past-the-post_voting" title="First-past-the-post voting">First-past-the-post voting</a> in 80% of seats, and modified <a href="/wiki/Party-list_representation_in_the_House_of_Representatives_of_the_Philippines" title="Party-list representation in the House of Representatives of the Philippines">party-list proportional representation</a> in 20%)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Last election</div></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/2022_Philippine_House_of_Representatives_elections" title="2022 Philippine House of Representatives elections">May 9, 2022</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Next election</div></th><td class="infobox-data">May 12, 2025</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Redistricting</th><td class="infobox-data">Districts are redistricted by Congress after each census (has never been done since 1987)<br />By statute (most frequent method)</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="border-top: 2px solid #f1c647; border-bottom: 2px solid #f1c647">Meeting place</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Batasang_pambansa_session_hall_-_2022.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Batasang_pambansa_session_hall_-_2022.jpg/220px-Batasang_pambansa_session_hall_-_2022.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="152" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Batasang_pambansa_session_hall_-_2022.jpg/330px-Batasang_pambansa_session_hall_-_2022.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Batasang_pambansa_session_hall_-_2022.jpg/440px-Batasang_pambansa_session_hall_-_2022.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1709" data-file-height="1179" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data label"><a href="/wiki/Batasang_Pambansa_Complex" title="Batasang Pambansa Complex">Batasang Pambansa Complex</a>, <a href="/wiki/Batasan_Hills" title="Batasan Hills">Batasan Hills</a>, <a href="/wiki/Quezon_City" title="Quezon City">Quezon City</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="border-top: 2px solid #f1c647; border-bottom: 2px solid #f1c647">Website</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://congress.gov.ph/">congress.gov.ph</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="border-top: 2px solid #f1c647; border-bottom: 2px solid #f1c647">Rules</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://congress.gov.ph/download/docs/hrep.house.rules.pdf">Rules of the House of Representatives</a> (English)</td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The <b>House of Representatives</b> (<a href="/wiki/Filipino_language" title="Filipino language">Filipino</a>: <i lang="fil">Kapulungan ng mga Kinatawan</i>; <i><b>Kamara</b></i> from the <a href="/wiki/Spanish_language" title="Spanish language">Spanish</a> word <i>cámara</i>, meaning "chamber") is the <a href="/wiki/Lower_house" title="Lower house">lower house</a> of <a href="/wiki/Congress_of_the_Philippines" title="Congress of the Philippines">Congress</a>, the bicameral <a href="/wiki/Legislature" title="Legislature">legislature</a> of the Philippines, with the <a href="/wiki/Senate_of_the_Philippines" title="Senate of the Philippines">Senate of the Philippines</a> as the <a href="/wiki/Upper_house" title="Upper house">upper house</a>. The lower house is commonly <a href="/wiki/Totum_pro_parte" title="Totum pro parte">referred to as</a> <b>Congress</b>,<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>c<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> although the term collectively refers to both houses.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Members of the House are officially styled as <i>representatives</i> (<a href="/wiki/Filipino_language" title="Filipino language">Filipino</a>: <i lang="fil">mga kinatawan</i>) and are sometimes informally called <i>congressmen</i> or <i>congresswomen</i> (<a href="/wiki/Filipino_language" title="Filipino language">Filipino</a>: <i lang="fil">mga kongresista</i>). They are elected to a three-year term and can be re-elected, but cannot serve more than three consecutive terms without an interruption of one term (e.g. serving one term in the Senate <i><a href="/wiki/Ad_interim" class="mw-redirect" title="Ad interim">ad interim</a></i>). Around 80% of congressmen are district representatives, representing specific geographical areas. The 19th Congress has 253<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Congressional_districts_of_the_Philippines" title="Congressional districts of the Philippines">congressional districts</a>. Party-list representatives, who make up not more than twenty percent of the total number of representatives, are elected through the <a href="/wiki/Party-list_representation_in_the_House_of_Representatives_of_the_Philippines" title="Party-list representation in the House of Representatives of the Philippines">party-list system</a>. </p><p>Aside from needing its agreement to every bill before it is sent to the <a href="/wiki/President_of_the_Philippines" title="President of the Philippines">president</a> for signature to become law, the House of Representatives has the power to impeach certain officials and all franchise and <a href="/wiki/Money_bill" title="Money bill">money bills</a> must originate from the lower house. </p><p>The House of Representatives is headed by the <a href="/wiki/Speaker_of_the_House_of_Representatives_of_the_Philippines" title="Speaker of the House of Representatives of the Philippines">House speaker</a> (<a href="/wiki/Filipino_language" title="Filipino language">Filipino</a>: <i lang="fil">ispiker</i>). The position is currently held by <a href="/wiki/Martin_Romualdez" title="Martin Romualdez">Martin Romualdez</a>. The speaker of the House is third in the <a href="/wiki/Philippine_presidential_line_of_succession" title="Philippine presidential line of succession">Philippine presidential line of succession</a>, after the <a href="/wiki/Vice_President_of_the_Philippines" title="Vice President of the Philippines">vice president</a> and the <a href="/wiki/President_of_the_Senate_of_the_Philippines" title="President of the Senate of the Philippines">Senate president</a>. The official headquarters of the House of Representatives is at the <i><a href="/wiki/Batasang_Pambansa_Complex" title="Batasang Pambansa Complex">Batasang Pambansa</a></i> (literally "national legislature") located in <a href="/wiki/Batasan_Hills" title="Batasan Hills">Batasan Hills</a>, <a href="/wiki/Quezon_City" title="Quezon City">Quezon City</a>. The building is often simply called <i>Batasan</i>, and the word has also become a <a href="/wiki/Metonym" class="mw-redirect" title="Metonym">metonym</a> to refer to the House of Representatives. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=House_of_Representatives_of_the_Philippines&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Malolos_Congress">Malolos Congress</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=House_of_Representatives_of_the_Philippines&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Malolos Congress"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Malolos_Congress" title="Malolos Congress">Malolos Congress</a></div> <p>The Philippine legislative system began in a unicameral form of government in 1898 when then President Emilio Aguinaldo established the Malolos Congress of the short-lived 1st Republic of the Philippines from 1898 to 1901.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Congress’ notable achievement was the ratification of Philippine Independence when it was declared on June 12, 1898, in Kawit, Cavite.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p> The Malolos Congress’ convened at the Barasoain church during the subsequent inauguration of Emilio Aguinaldo and the inauguration of the Malolos Constitution in 1898.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A year prior to the establishment of the republic, the Congress approved the motion to declare war on the United States, thus beginning the Philippine-American War which lasted from 1899 to 1901. The Malolos Congress was dissolved on April 1, 1901, following Aguinaldo's declaration of allegiance to the United States when he was captured.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul 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class="sidebar-title"><div class="adr"><a href="/wiki/Politics_of_the_Philippines" title="Politics of the Philippines">Politics of the Philippines</a></div></th></tr><tr><th><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Coat_of_arms_of_the_Philippines.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Coat_of_arms_of_the_Philippines.svg/100px-Coat_of_arms_of_the_Philippines.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="111" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Coat_of_arms_of_the_Philippines.svg/150px-Coat_of_arms_of_the_Philippines.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Coat_of_arms_of_the_Philippines.svg/200px-Coat_of_arms_of_the_Philippines.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="568" /></a></span></th></tr><tr><th style="border-bottom: #aaa 1px solid"></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="text-align:center; background:lavender;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Government_of_the_Philippines" title="Government of the Philippines">Government</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="text-align:center; line-height:18px;"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Constitution_of_the_Philippines" title="Constitution of the Philippines">Constitution of the Philippines</a></b></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Constitutional_reform_in_the_Philippines" title="Constitutional reform in the Philippines">Charter Change</a></li></ul> <hr /> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Philippine_laws" title="List of Philippine laws">Laws</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philippine_legal_codes" title="Philippine legal codes">Legal codes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taxation_in_the_Philippines" title="Taxation in the Philippines">Taxation</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="text-align:center; background:lavender;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Executive_departments_of_the_Philippines" title="Executive departments of the Philippines">Executive</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="text-align:center; line-height:18px;"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/President_of_the_Philippines" title="President of the Philippines">President of the Philippines</a></b></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bongbong_Marcos" title="Bongbong Marcos">Bongbong Marcos</a> (<a href="/wiki/Partido_Federal_ng_Pilipinas" title="Partido Federal ng Pilipinas">PFP</a>)</li></ul> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Vice_President_of_the_Philippines" title="Vice President of the Philippines">Vice President of the Philippines</a></b></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sara_Duterte" title="Sara Duterte">Sara Duterte</a> (<a href="/wiki/Hugpong_ng_Pagbabago" title="Hugpong ng Pagbabago">HNP</a>)</li></ul> <hr /> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cabinet_of_the_Philippines" title="Cabinet of the Philippines">Cabinet</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_cabinets_of_the_Philippines" title="List of cabinets of the Philippines">lists</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Executive_departments_of_the_Philippines" title="Executive departments of the Philippines">Executive departments</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Local_government_in_the_Philippines" title="Local government in the Philippines">Local government</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="text-align:center; background:lavender;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Congress_of_the_Philippines" title="Congress of the Philippines">Legislature</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="text-align:center; line-height:18px;"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Congress_of_the_Philippines" title="Congress of the Philippines">Congress of the Philippines</a></b></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/19th_Congress_of_the_Philippines" title="19th Congress of the Philippines">19th Congress</a></li></ul> <hr /> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Senate_of_the_Philippines" title="Senate of the Philippines">Senate</a></b></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/President_of_the_Senate_of_the_Philippines" title="President of the Senate of the Philippines">President</a> <a href="/wiki/Francis_Escudero" title="Francis Escudero">Francis Escudero</a> (<a href="/wiki/Independent_politician" title="Independent politician">Independent</a>)</li></ul> <hr /> <ul><li><b><a class="mw-selflink selflink">House of Representatives</a></b></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Speaker_of_the_House_of_Representatives_of_the_Philippines" title="Speaker of the House of Representatives of the Philippines">Speaker</a> <a href="/wiki/Martin_Romualdez" title="Martin Romualdez">Martin Romualdez</a> (<a href="/wiki/Lakas%E2%80%93CMD" title="Lakas–CMD">Lakas</a>)</li></ul> <div class="hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Congressional_districts_of_the_Philippines" title="Congressional districts of the Philippines">Districts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Party-list_representation_in_the_House_of_Representatives_of_the_Philippines" title="Party-list representation in the House of Representatives of the Philippines">Party-list representation</a></li></ul> </div> <hr /> <div class="hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bangsamoro_Parliament" title="Bangsamoro Parliament">Bangsamoro Parliament</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sangguniang_Panlalawigan" title="Sangguniang Panlalawigan">Provincial boards</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sangguniang_Panlungsod" title="Sangguniang Panlungsod">City councils</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sangguniang_Bayan" title="Sangguniang Bayan">Municipal councils</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sangguniang_Barangay" title="Sangguniang Barangay">Barangay councils</a></li></ul> </div></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="text-align:center; background:lavender;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Judiciary_of_the_Philippines" title="Judiciary of the Philippines">Judiciary</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="text-align:center; line-height:18px;"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Supreme_Court_of_the_Philippines" title="Supreme Court of the Philippines">Supreme Court of the Philippines</a></b></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chief_Justice_of_the_Philippines" title="Chief Justice of the Philippines">Chief Justice</a> <a href="/wiki/Alexander_Gesmundo" title="Alexander Gesmundo">Alexander Gesmundo</a></li></ul> <hr /> <div class="hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Court_of_Appeals_of_the_Philippines" title="Court of Appeals of the Philippines">Court of Appeals</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Court_of_Tax_Appeals" title="Court of Tax Appeals">Court of Tax Appeals</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sandiganbayan" title="Sandiganbayan">Sandiganbayan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ombudsman_of_the_Philippines" title="Ombudsman of the Philippines">Ombudsman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Regional_Trial_Court" title="Regional Trial Court">Regional Trial Courts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Katarungang_Pambarangay" title="Katarungang Pambarangay">Barangay justice</a></li></ul> </div></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="text-align:center; background:lavender;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Constitutional_Commission#Philippines" title="Constitutional Commission">Constitutional commissions</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="text-align:center; line-height:18px;"><div class="hlist"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Civil_Service_Commission_(Philippines)" title="Civil Service Commission (Philippines)">Civil Service Commission</a></b></li></ul> <ul><li>Chairperson <a href="/wiki/Marilyn_Barua-Yap" title="Marilyn Barua-Yap">Marilyn Barua-Yap</a></li></ul> <hr /> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Commission_on_Audit_(Philippines)" class="mw-redirect" title="Commission on Audit (Philippines)">Commission on Audit</a></b></li></ul> <ul><li>Chairperson <a href="/wiki/Gamaliel_Cordoba" title="Gamaliel Cordoba">Gamaliel Cordoba</a></li></ul> <hr /> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Commission_on_Elections_(Philippines)" title="Commission on Elections (Philippines)">Commission on Elections</a></b></li></ul> <ul><li>Chairperson <a href="/wiki/George_Garcia" title="George Garcia">George Garcia</a></li></ul> </div></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="text-align:center; background:lavender;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Elections_in_the_Philippines" title="Elections in the Philippines">Elections</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="text-align:center; line-height:18px;"><div class="hlist"> <ul><li>General <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2019_Philippine_general_election" title="2019 Philippine general election">2019</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2022_Philippine_general_election" title="2022 Philippine general election">2022</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/2025_Philippine_general_election" title="2025 Philippine general election">2025</a></i></li></ul></li></ul> </div><div class="hlist"> <ul><li>Barangay <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2013_Philippine_barangay_elections" title="2013 Philippine barangay elections">2013</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2018_Philippine_barangay_and_Sangguniang_Kabataan_elections" title="2018 Philippine barangay and Sangguniang Kabataan elections">2018</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2023_Philippine_barangay_and_Sangguniang_Kabataan_elections" title="2023 Philippine barangay and Sangguniang Kabataan elections">2023</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Referendums_in_the_Philippines" title="Referendums in the Philippines">Referendums</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="text-align:center; background:lavender;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/List_of_political_parties_in_the_Philippines" title="List of political parties in the Philippines">Political parties</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="text-align:center; line-height:18px;;text-align:center;"><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Akbayan" title="Akbayan">Akbayan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aksyon_Demokratiko" title="Aksyon Demokratiko">Aksyon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lakas%E2%80%93CMD" title="Lakas–CMD">Lakas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Laban_ng_Demokratikong_Pilipino" title="Laban ng Demokratikong Pilipino">LDP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liberal_Party_(Philippines)" title="Liberal Party (Philippines)">Liberal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nacionalista_Party" title="Nacionalista Party">Nacionalista</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nationalist_People%27s_Coalition" title="Nationalist People's Coalition">NPC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Unity_Party_(Philippines)" title="National Unity Party (Philippines)">NUP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Partido_Federal_ng_Pilipinas" title="Partido Federal ng Pilipinas">PFP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Partido_para_sa_Demokratikong_Reporma" title="Partido para sa Demokratikong Reporma">Reporma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Partido_Demokratiko_Pilipino" title="Partido Demokratiko Pilipino">PDP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Nationalist_Alliance" title="United Nationalist Alliance">UNA</a></li></ul> </div></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="text-align:center; background:lavender;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Administrative_divisions_of_the_Philippines" title="Administrative divisions of the Philippines">Administrative divisions</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="text-align:center; line-height:18px;;text-align:center;"><div class="hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Capital_of_the_Philippines" title="Capital of the Philippines">Capital</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Regions_of_the_Philippines" title="Regions of the Philippines">Regions</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Autonomous_regions_of_the_Philippines" title="Autonomous regions of the Philippines">Autonomous regions</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Provinces_of_the_Philippines" title="Provinces of the Philippines">Provinces</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cities_of_the_Philippines" title="Cities of the Philippines">Cities</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Municipalities_of_the_Philippines" title="Municipalities of the Philippines">Municipalities</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Barangay" title="Barangay">Barangays</a></i> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Poblacion" title="Poblacion">Poblacions</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Sitio" title="Sitio">Sitios</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Purok" title="Purok">Puroks</a></i></li></ul></li></ul> </div></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="text-align:center; background:lavender;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Outline_of_the_Philippines" title="Outline of the Philippines">Related topics</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="text-align:center; line-height:18px;;text-align:center;"><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Foreign_relations_of_the_Philippines" title="Foreign relations of the Philippines">Foreign relations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Human_rights_in_the_Philippines" title="Human rights in the Philippines">Human rights</a></li></ul> </div></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-below"> <span class="nowrap"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="flag" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg/32px-Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg.png" decoding="async" width="32" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg/48px-Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg/64px-Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Philippines" title="Portal:Philippines">Philippines portal</a> <div class="hlist" style="text-align:center;font-weight:normal;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Outline_of_political_science#Politics_by_region" title="Outline of political science">Other countries</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-navbar"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Politics_of_the_Philippines" title="Template:Politics of the Philippines"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Politics_of_the_Philippines" title="Template talk:Politics of the Philippines"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Politics_of_the_Philippines" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Politics of the Philippines"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Philippine_Assembly">Philippine Assembly</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=House_of_Representatives_of_the_Philippines&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Philippine Assembly"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Philippine_Assembly" title="Philippine Assembly">Philippine Assembly</a></div> <p>At the beginning of <a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">American</a> colonial rule, from March 16, 1900, the sole national <a href="/wiki/Legislative_body" class="mw-redirect" title="Legislative body">legislative body</a> was the <a href="/wiki/Philippine_Commission" title="Philippine Commission">Philippine Commission</a> with all members appointed by the <a href="/wiki/President_of_the_United_States" title="President of the United States">President of the United States</a>. Headed by the <a href="/wiki/Governor-General_of_the_Philippines" title="Governor-General of the Philippines">Governor-General of the Philippines</a> the body exercised all legislative authority given to it by the President and the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Congress" title="United States Congress">United States Congress</a> until October 1907 when it was joined by the Philippine Assembly. <a href="/wiki/William_Howard_Taft" title="William Howard Taft">William Howard Taft</a> was chosen to be the first American civilian Governor-General and the first leader of this Philippine Commission, which subsequently became known as the Taft Commission. </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Philippine_Bill_of_1902" class="mw-redirect" title="Philippine Bill of 1902">Philippine Bill of 1902</a>, a basic law, or <a href="/wiki/Organic_act" title="Organic act">organic act</a>, of the <a href="/wiki/Insular_Government" class="mw-redirect" title="Insular Government">Insular Government</a>, mandated that once certain conditions were met a <a href="/wiki/Bicameral" class="mw-redirect" title="Bicameral">bicameral</a>, or two-chamber, <a href="/wiki/Philippine_Legislature" title="Philippine Legislature">Philippine Legislature</a> would be created with the previously existing, all-appointed Philippine Commission as the <a href="/wiki/Upper_house" title="Upper house">upper house</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Philippine_Assembly" title="Philippine Assembly">Philippine Assembly</a> as the <a href="/wiki/Lower_house" title="Lower house">lower house</a>. This bicameral legislature was inaugurated in October 1907. Under the leadership of Speaker <a href="/wiki/Sergio_Osme%C3%B1a" title="Sergio Osmeña">Sergio Osmeña</a> and Floor Leader <a href="/wiki/Manuel_L._Quezon" title="Manuel L. Quezon">Manuel L. Quezon</a>, the Rules of the <a href="/wiki/59th_United_States_Congress" title="59th United States Congress">59th United States Congress</a> was substantially adopted as the Rules of the Philippine Legislature. Osmeña and Quezon led the <a href="/wiki/Nacionalista_Party" title="Nacionalista Party">Nacionalista Party</a>, with a platform of independence from the United States, into successive electoral victories against the <a href="/wiki/Progresista_Party" title="Progresista Party">Progresista Party</a> and later the <a href="/wiki/Democrata_Party" title="Democrata Party">Democrata Party</a>, which first advocated United States statehood, then opposed immediate independence. </p><p>It is this body, founded as the Philippine Assembly, that would continue in one form or another, and with a few different names, up until the present day. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Jones_Act_of_1916">Jones Act of 1916</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=House_of_Representatives_of_the_Philippines&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Jones Act of 1916"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Jones_Law_(Philippines)" title="Jones Law (Philippines)">Jones Law (Philippines)</a></div> <p>In 1916, the <a href="/wiki/Jones_Law_(Philippines)" title="Jones Law (Philippines)">Jones Act</a>, officially the Philippine Autonomy Act, changed the legislative system. The Philippine Commission was abolished and a new fully elected, bicameral Philippine Legislature consisting of a House of Representatives and a <a href="/wiki/Senate_of_the_Philippines" title="Senate of the Philippines">Senate</a> was established. The Nacionalistas continued their electoral dominance at this point, although they were split into two factions led by Osmeña and Quezon; the two reconciled in 1924, and controlled the Assembly via a virtual <a href="/wiki/Dominant-party_system" title="Dominant-party system">dominant-party system</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Commonwealth_and_the_Third_Republic">Commonwealth and the Third Republic</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=House_of_Representatives_of_the_Philippines&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Commonwealth and the Third Republic"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/National_Assembly_of_the_Philippines" title="National Assembly of the Philippines">National Assembly of the Philippines</a></div> <p>The legislative system was changed again in 1935. The 1935 <a href="/wiki/Constitution_of_the_Philippines" title="Constitution of the Philippines">Constitution</a> established a <a href="/wiki/Unicameral" class="mw-redirect" title="Unicameral">unicameral</a> <a href="/wiki/National_Assembly_of_the_Philippines" title="National Assembly of the Philippines">National Assembly</a>. But in 1940, through an amendment to the 1935 Constitution, a bicameral Congress of the Philippines consisting of a House of Representatives and a Senate was adopted. </p><p>Upon the inauguration of the Republic of the Philippines in 1946, Republic Act No. 6 was enacted providing that on the date of the proclamation of the Republic of the Philippines, the existing Congress would be known as the First Congress of the Republic. The "Liberal bloc" of the Nacionalistas permanently split from their ranks, creating the <a href="/wiki/Liberal_Party_(Philippines)" title="Liberal Party (Philippines)">Liberal Party</a>. These two will contest all of the elections in what appeared to be a <a href="/wiki/Two-party_system" title="Two-party system">two-party system</a>. The party of the ruling president wins the elections in the House of Representatives; in cases where the party of the president and the majority of the members of the House of Representatives are different, a sufficient number will break away and join the party of the president, thereby ensuring that the president will have control of the House of Representatives. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Martial_Law">Martial Law</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=House_of_Representatives_of_the_Philippines&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Martial Law"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Batasang_Pambansa" class="mw-redirect" title="Batasang Pambansa">Batasang Pambansa</a></div> <p>This set up continued until President <a href="/wiki/Ferdinand_Marcos" title="Ferdinand Marcos">Ferdinand Marcos</a> declared martial law and abolished Congress. He would rule by decree even after the 1973 Constitution abolished the bicameral Congress and created a unicameral <i>Batasang Pambansa</i> parliamentary system of government, as parliamentary election would not occur in <a href="/wiki/1978_Philippine_parliamentary_election" title="1978 Philippine parliamentary election">1978</a>. Marcos' <a href="/wiki/Kilusang_Bagong_Lipunan" title="Kilusang Bagong Lipunan">Kilusang Bagong Lipunan</a> (KBL; New Society Movement) won all of the seats except those from the <a href="/wiki/Central_Visayas" title="Central Visayas">Central Visayas</a> ushering in an era of KBL dominance, which continued until the <a href="/wiki/People_Power_Revolution" title="People Power Revolution">People Power Revolution</a> overthrew Marcos in 1986. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="1987_Constitution">1987 Constitution</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=House_of_Representatives_of_the_Philippines&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: 1987 Constitution"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The 1987 Constitution restored the presidential system of government together with a bicameral Congress of the Philippines. One deviation from the previous setup was the introduction of the mid-term election; however, the dynamics of the House of Representatives resumed its pre-1972 state, with the party of the president controlling the chamber, although political pluralism ensued that prevented the restoration of the old Nacionalista-Liberal two-party system. Instead, a <a href="/wiki/Multi-party_system" title="Multi-party system">multi-party system</a> evolved. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Corazon_Aquino" title="Corazon Aquino">Corazon Aquino</a> who nominally had no party, supported the <a href="/wiki/Laban_ng_Demokratikong_Pilipino" title="Laban ng Demokratikong Pilipino">Laban ng Demokratikong Pilipino</a> (LDP; Struggle of the Democratic Filipinos). With the victory of <a href="/wiki/Fidel_V._Ramos" title="Fidel V. Ramos">Fidel V. Ramos</a> in the <a href="/wiki/1992_Philippine_presidential_election" title="1992 Philippine presidential election">1992 presidential election</a>, many representatives defected to his <a href="/wiki/Lakas-NUCD" class="mw-redirect" title="Lakas-NUCD">Lakas-NUCD</a> party; the same would happen with <a href="/wiki/Joseph_Estrada" title="Joseph Estrada">Joseph Estrada</a>'s victory in <a href="/wiki/1998_Philippine_presidential_election" title="1998 Philippine presidential election">1998</a>, but he lost support when he was ousted after the <a href="/wiki/Second_EDSA_Revolution" title="Second EDSA Revolution">2001 EDSA Revolution</a> that brought his vice president <a href="/wiki/Gloria_Macapagal_Arroyo" title="Gloria Macapagal Arroyo">Gloria Macapagal Arroyo</a> to power. This also meant the restoration of Lakas-NUCD as the top party in the chamber. The same would happen when <a href="/wiki/Benigno_Aquino_III" title="Benigno Aquino III">Benigno Aquino III</a> <a href="/wiki/2010_Philippine_presidential_election" title="2010 Philippine presidential election">won in 2010</a>, which returned the Liberals into power. </p><p>The presiding officer is the <a href="/wiki/Speaker_of_the_Philippine_House_of_Representatives" class="mw-redirect" title="Speaker of the Philippine House of Representatives">Speaker</a>. Unlike the <a href="/wiki/President_of_the_Senate_of_the_Philippines" title="President of the Senate of the Philippines">Senate President</a>, the Speaker usually serves the entire term of Congress, although there had been instances when the Speaker left office due to conflict with the president: examples include <a href="/wiki/Jose_de_Venecia_Jr." title="Jose de Venecia Jr.">Jose de Venecia Jr.</a>'s resignation as speaker in 2008 when his son <a href="/wiki/Joey_de_Venecia" class="mw-redirect" title="Joey de Venecia">Joey de Venecia</a> exposed alleged corrupt practices by First Gentleman <a href="/wiki/Mike_Arroyo" class="mw-redirect" title="Mike Arroyo">Mike Arroyo</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Manny_Villar" title="Manny Villar">Manny Villar</a>'s ouster occurred after he allowed the impeachment of President Estrada in 2000. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Electoral_system">Electoral system</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=House_of_Representatives_of_the_Philippines&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Electoral system"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The <a href="/wiki/Philippines" title="Philippines">Philippines</a> uses <a href="/wiki/Parallel_voting" title="Parallel voting">parallel voting</a> for its lower house elections. For the 2022 elections, there will be 316 seats in the House; 253 of these are district representatives, and 63 are party-list representatives. The number of seats to be disputed may change depending on the creation of new congressional districts. </p><p>Philippine law mandates that there should be one party-list representative for every four district representatives. District representatives are elected under the <a href="/wiki/Plurality_voting_system" class="mw-redirect" title="Plurality voting system">plurality voting system</a> from <a href="/wiki/Single-member_districts" class="mw-redirect" title="Single-member districts">single-member districts</a>. Party-list representatives are elected via the nationwide vote with a 2% <a href="/wiki/Election_threshold" class="mw-redirect" title="Election threshold">election threshold</a>, with a party winning not more than three seats. The party with the most votes usually wins three seats, then the other parties with more than 2% of the vote two seats. At this point, if all of the party-list seats are not filled up, the parties with less than 2% of the vote will win one seat each until all party-list seats are filled up. </p><p>Political parties competing in the party-list election are barred from participating district elections, and vice versa, unless permitted by the <a href="/wiki/Commission_on_Elections_(Philippines)" title="Commission on Elections (Philippines)">Commission on Elections</a>. Party-lists and political parties participating in the district elections may forge coalition deals with one another. </p><p>Campaigning for elections from congressional districts seats are decidedly local; the candidates are most likely a part of an <a href="/wiki/Slate_(elections)" title="Slate (elections)">election slate</a> that includes candidates for other positions in the locality, and slates may comprise different parties. The political parties contesting the election make no attempt to create a national campaign. </p><p>Party-list campaigning, on the other hand, is done on a national scale. Parties usually attempt to appeal to a specific demographic. Polling is usually conducted for the party-list election, while pollsters may release polls on specific district races. In district elections, pollsters do not attempt to make forecasts on how many votes a party would achieve, nor the number of seats a party would win; they do attempt to do that in party-list elections, though. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Officers">Officers</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=House_of_Representatives_of_the_Philippines&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Officers"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The members of the House of Representatives who are also its officers are also <i><a href="/wiki/Ex_officio" class="mw-redirect" title="Ex officio">ex officio</a></i> members of all of the <a href="/wiki/List_of_Philippine_House_of_Representatives_committees" title="List of Philippine House of Representatives committees">committees</a> and have a vote. </p><p>The leadership positions, except for the Secretary General and Sergeant-at-Arms, are currently vacant. The terms of office of the officers elected during the 18th Congress ended on June 30, 2022. On July 25, 2022, the 19th Congress of the Philippines shall elect among themselves their leaders. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Speaker">Speaker</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=House_of_Representatives_of_the_Philippines&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Speaker"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Speaker_of_the_House_of_Representatives_of_the_Philippines" title="Speaker of the House of Representatives of the Philippines">Speaker of the House of Representatives of the Philippines</a></div> <p>The speaker is the head of the House of Representatives. He presides over the session; decides on all questions of order, subject to appeal by any member; signs all acts, resolutions, memorials, writs, warrants, and subpoenas issued by or upon order of the House; appoints, suspends, dismisses, or disciplines House personnel; and exercise administrative functions. </p><p>The speaker is elected by a majority of all the members of the House, including vacant seats. The speaker is traditionally elected at the convening of each congress. Before a speaker is elected, the House's sergeant-at-arms sits as the "Presiding Officer" until a speaker is elected. Compared to the <a href="/wiki/President_of_the_Senate_of_the_Philippines" title="President of the Senate of the Philippines">Senate President</a>, the unseating of an incumbent speaker is rarer. </p><p>The incumbent Speaker of the House is Congressman <a href="/wiki/Martin_Romualdez" title="Martin Romualdez">Martin Romualdez</a> who represents Leyte's <a href="/wiki/Leyte%27s_1st_congressional_district" title="Leyte's 1st congressional district">1st</a> Congressional district and the first cousin of incumbent president <a href="/wiki/Bongbong_Marcos" title="Bongbong Marcos">Bongbong Marcos</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-congress.gov.ph_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-congress.gov.ph-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Deputy_Speakers">Deputy Speakers</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=House_of_Representatives_of_the_Philippines&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Deputy Speakers"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Deputy_Speakers_of_the_House_of_Representatives_of_the_Philippines" class="mw-redirect" title="Deputy Speakers of the House of Representatives of the Philippines">Deputy Speakers of the House of Representatives of the Philippines</a></div> <p>There was a position of speaker <i>pro tempore</i> for congresses prior the reorganization of the officers of the House of Representatives during the <a href="/wiki/10th_Congress_of_the_Philippines" title="10th Congress of the Philippines">10th Congress</a> in 1995. The speaker <i>pro tempore</i> was the next highest position in the House after the speaker. </p><p>The position was replaced by deputy speakers in 1995. Originally, there was one Deputy Speaker for each <a href="/wiki/Island_groups_of_the_Philippines" title="Island groups of the Philippines">island group</a> of <a href="/wiki/Luzon" title="Luzon">Luzon</a>, <a href="/wiki/Visayas" title="Visayas">Visayas</a> and <a href="/wiki/Mindanao" title="Mindanao">Mindanao</a>. Then, in 2001 during the <a href="/wiki/12th_Congress_of_the_Philippines" title="12th Congress of the Philippines">12th Congress</a>, a Deputy Speaker "at large" was created. In the next Congress, another "at large" deputy speakership was created, along with a Deputy Speaker for women. In the <a href="/wiki/15th_Congress_of_the_Philippines" title="15th Congress of the Philippines">15th Congress</a> starting in 2010, all six deputy speakers are "at large". </p><p>In the 16th Congress, the deputy speakers represent the chamber at-large. Starting in the 17th Congress, each region is represented by a Deputy Speaker, with additional deputy speakers from the party-list ranks. </p><p>The deputy speakers perform the speaker's role when the speaker is absent. In case in the resignation of the speaker, the deputy speakers shall elect from among themselves an acting speaker, until a speaker is elected. </p><p>The outgoing deputy speakers of the House are former president and speaker <a href="/wiki/Gloria_Macapagal_Arroyo" title="Gloria Macapagal Arroyo">Gloria Macapagal Arroyo</a>, Congressman <a href="/wiki/Raymond_Mendoza" title="Raymond Mendoza">Raymond Democrito Mendoza</a>, Congressman <a href="/wiki/Roberto_Puno" title="Roberto Puno">Roberto Puno</a>, Congresswoman <a href="/wiki/Kristine_Singson-Meehan" title="Kristine Singson-Meehan">Kristine Singson-Meehan</a>, Congressman <a href="/wiki/Isidro_Ungab" title="Isidro Ungab">Isidro Ungab</a>, Congresswoman <a href="/wiki/Camille_Villar" title="Camille Villar">Camille Villar</a>, former Senator and outgoing Congressman <a href="/wiki/Ralph_Recto" title="Ralph Recto">Ralph Recto</a>, Congressman <a href="/wiki/Aurelio_Gonzales_Jr." title="Aurelio Gonzales Jr.">Aurelio Gonzales Jr.</a>, and Congressman Vincent Franco-Frasco.<sup id="cite_ref-congress.gov.ph_10-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-congress.gov.ph-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Majority_Floor_Leader">Majority Floor Leader</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=House_of_Representatives_of_the_Philippines&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Majority Floor Leader"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Majority_Floor_Leader_of_the_House_of_Representatives_of_the_Philippines" title="Majority Floor Leader of the House of Representatives of the Philippines">Majority Floor Leader of the House of Representatives of the Philippines</a></div> <p>The majority leader, aside from being the spokesman of the majority party, is to direct the deliberations on the floor. The Majority Leader is also concurrently the Chairman of the Committee on Rules. The majority leader is elected in a party caucus of the ruling majority party. </p><p>The incumbent House Majority Floor Leader is Congressman Manuel Jose Dalipe, a member of the <a href="/wiki/Lakas%E2%80%93CMD" title="Lakas–CMD">Lakas–CMD</a> party and is representing Zamboanga City's second congressional district.<sup id="cite_ref-congress.gov.ph_10-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-congress.gov.ph-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Minority_Floor_Leader">Minority Floor Leader</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=House_of_Representatives_of_the_Philippines&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Minority Floor Leader"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Minority_Floor_Leader_of_the_House_of_Representatives_of_the_Philippines" title="Minority Floor Leader of the House of Representatives of the Philippines">Minority Floor Leader of the House of Representatives of the Philippines</a></div> <p>The minority leader is the spokesman of the minority party in the House and is an <i><a href="/wiki/Ex-officio" class="mw-redirect" title="Ex-officio">ex-officio</a></i> member of all standing Committees. The minority leader is elected in party caucus of all Members of the House in the minority party, although by tradition, the losing candidate for speaker is named the minority leader. </p><p>The incumbent House Minority Leader is Congressman Marcelino Libanan, a party-list member for 4PS. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Secretary_General">Secretary General</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=House_of_Representatives_of_the_Philippines&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Secretary General"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The secretary general enforces orders and decisions of the House; keeps the Journal of each session; notes all questions of order, among other things. The secretary general presides over the chamber at the first legislative session after an election, and is elected by a majority of the members. </p><p>At present, Reginald S. Velasco is the Secretary General of the House of Representatives. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Sergeant-at-Arms">Sergeant-at-Arms</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=House_of_Representatives_of_the_Philippines&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Sergeant-at-Arms"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Sergeant-at-Arms is responsible for the maintenance of public order in the House of Representatives, among other things. Like the Secretary General, the Sergeant-at-Arms is elected by a majority of the members. </p><p>At present, retired Police Major General Napoleon C. Taas is the Sergeant-at-Arms of the House of Representatives.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Qualifications">Qualifications</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=House_of_Representatives_of_the_Philippines&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Qualifications"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The qualifications for membership in the House are expressly stated in Section 6, Art. VI of the <a href="/wiki/Constitution_of_the_Philippines" title="Constitution of the Philippines">1987 Philippine Constitution</a> as follows: </p> <ul><li>No person shall be a Representative unless he/she is a natural-born citizen of the <a href="/wiki/Philippines" title="Philippines">Philippines</a>, and on the day of the election, is at least 25 years of age, able to read and write, a registered voter except for a party-list representative, and a resident of the country for not less than one year immediately preceding the day of the election.</li> <li>The age is fixed at 25 and must be possessed on the day of the elections, that is, when the polls are opened and the votes cast, and not on the day of the proclamation of the winners by the board of canvassers.</li> <li>With regard to the residence requirements, it was ruled in the case of <i>Lim v. Pelaez</i> that it must be the place where one habitually resides and to which he, after absence, has the intention of returning.</li> <li>The enumeration laid down by the 1987 Constitution is exclusive under the Latin principle of <i><a href="/wiki/Expressio_unius_est_exclusio_alterius" class="mw-redirect" title="Expressio unius est exclusio alterius">expressio unius est exclusio alterius</a></i>. This means that <a href="/wiki/Congress_of_the_Philippines" title="Congress of the Philippines">Congress</a> cannot anymore add additional qualifications other than those provided by the Constitution.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Membership">Membership</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=House_of_Representatives_of_the_Philippines&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Membership"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>There are two types of congressmen: those who represent geographic districts, and those who represent party-lists. The <a href="/wiki/First-past-the-post" class="mw-redirect" title="First-past-the-post">first-past-the-post</a> (simple plurality voting) method is used to determine who represents each of the 243 geographic districts. The party-list representatives are elected via the party-list system. The party-list representatives should always comprise 20% of the seats. </p><p>Originally set at 200 in the ordinance of the 1987 constitution, the number of districts has grown to 243. All of the new districts are via created via piecemeal redistricting of the then existing 200 districts, and via the creation of new provinces and cities. The constitution gave Congress to nationally redistrict the country after the release of every census, but this has not been done. </p><p>The original 200 districts meant that there should have been 50 party-list representatives. However, the constitution did not give the specifics on how party-list congressmen should have been elected. This led to presidents appointing sectoral representatives, which were then approved by the <a href="/wiki/Commission_on_Appointments" title="Commission on Appointments">Commission on Appointments</a>; only a handful of sectoral representatives were seated in this way. With the enactment of the Party-List System Act, the first party-list election was in 1998; with the 2% election threshold, a 3-seat cap and tens of parties participating, this led to only about a fraction of the party-list seats being distributed. Eventually, there had been several Supreme Court decisions changing the way the winning seats are distributed, ensuring that all party-list seats are filled up. </p><p>There were supposed to be 245 congressional districts that were to be disputed in the <a href="/wiki/2019_Philippine_House_of_Representatives_elections" title="2019 Philippine House of Representatives elections">2019 election</a>, so there were 61 party-list seats contested in the party-list election. Elections in two of these districts were delayed due to its creation right before campaigning. The <a href="/wiki/Supreme_Court_of_the_Philippines" title="Supreme Court of the Philippines">Supreme Court</a> ruled that one district be contested in the next (2022) election, then the <a href="/wiki/Commission_on_Elections_(Philippines)" title="Commission on Elections (Philippines)">Commission on Elections</a> applied the court's ruling to the other district, bringing the number of districts to 243, while still keeping the 61 party-list representatives, for a total of 304 seats. </p><p>Vacancies from representatives elected via districts are dealt with <a href="/wiki/List_of_special_elections_in_the_Philippines" title="List of special elections in the Philippines">special elections</a>, which may be done if the vacancy occurred less than a year before the next regularly-scheduled election. Special elections are infrequently done; despite several vacancies, the last special election was in 2023. For party-list representatives, the nominee next on the list is asked to replace the outgoing representative; if the nominee agrees, then that person would be sworn in as a member, if the nominee doesn't agree, then the nominee after that person is asked, and the process is repeated. Vacating party-list representatives have always been replaced this way. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Congressional_district_representation">Congressional district representation</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=House_of_Representatives_of_the_Philippines&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: Congressional district representation"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Congressional_districts_of_the_Philippines" title="Congressional districts of the Philippines">Congressional districts of the Philippines</a></div> <p>Eighty percent of representatives shall come from congressional districts, with each district returning one representative. The constitution mandates that every province and every city with a population of 250,000 must have at least one representative. Each legislative district, regardless of population, has one congressman. For provinces that have more than one legislative district, the provincial districts are identical to the corresponding legislative district, with the exclusion of cities that do not vote for provincial officials. If cities are divided into multiple districts for city hall representation purposes, these are also used for congressional representation. </p><p>The representatives from the districts comprise at most 80% of the members of the House; therefore, for a party to have a majority of seats in the House, the party needs to win a larger majority of district seats. No party since the approval of the 1987 constitution has been able to win a majority of seats, hence coalitions are not uncommon. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Legislative_districts_in_provinces">Legislative districts in provinces</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=House_of_Representatives_of_the_Philippines&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: Legislative districts in provinces"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1184024115">.mw-parser-output .div-col{margin-top:0.3em;column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .div-col-small{font-size:90%}.mw-parser-output .div-col-rules{column-rule:1px solid #aaa}.mw-parser-output .div-col dl,.mw-parser-output .div-col ol,.mw-parser-output .div-col ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .div-col li,.mw-parser-output .div-col dd{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}</style><div class="div-col" style="column-width: 25em;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Legislative_district_of_Abra" class="mw-redirect" title="Legislative district of Abra">Abra</a> (1)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Agusan_del_Norte%27s_at-large_congressional_district" title="Agusan del Norte's at-large congressional district">Agusan del Norte</a> (1)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legislative_district_of_Agusan_del_Sur" class="mw-redirect" title="Legislative district of Agusan del Sur">Agusan del Sur</a> (2)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legislative_district_of_Aklan" class="mw-redirect" title="Legislative district of Aklan">Aklan</a> (2)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legislative_districts_of_Albay" title="Legislative districts of Albay">Albay</a> (3)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legislative_district_of_Antique" class="mw-redirect" title="Legislative district of Antique">Antique</a> (1)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legislative_district_of_Apayao" class="mw-redirect" title="Legislative district of Apayao">Apayao</a> (1)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legislative_district_of_Aurora" class="mw-redirect" title="Legislative district of Aurora">Aurora</a> (1)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legislative_district_of_Basilan" class="mw-redirect" title="Legislative district of Basilan">Basilan</a> (1)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legislative_districts_of_Bataan" title="Legislative districts of Bataan">Bataan</a> (3)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legislative_district_of_Batanes" class="mw-redirect" title="Legislative district of Batanes">Batanes</a> (1)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legislative_districts_of_Batangas" title="Legislative districts of Batangas">Batangas</a> (6)<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>d<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legislative_district_of_Benguet" class="mw-redirect" title="Legislative district of Benguet">Benguet</a> (1)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legislative_district_of_Biliran" class="mw-redirect" title="Legislative district of Biliran">Biliran</a> (1)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legislative_districts_of_Bohol" title="Legislative districts of Bohol">Bohol</a> (3)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legislative_districts_of_Bukidnon" title="Legislative districts of Bukidnon">Bukidnon</a> (4)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legislative_districts_of_Bulacan" title="Legislative districts of Bulacan">Bulacan</a> (6)<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>e<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legislative_districts_of_Cagayan" title="Legislative districts of Cagayan">Cagayan</a> (3)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legislative_district_of_Camarines_Norte" class="mw-redirect" title="Legislative district of Camarines Norte">Camarines Norte</a> (2)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legislative_districts_of_Camarines_Sur" title="Legislative districts of Camarines Sur">Camarines Sur</a> (5)<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>f<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legislative_district_of_Camiguin" class="mw-redirect" title="Legislative district of Camiguin">Camiguin</a> (1)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legislative_districts_of_Capiz" title="Legislative districts of Capiz">Capiz</a> (2)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legislative_district_of_Catanduanes" class="mw-redirect" title="Legislative district of Catanduanes">Catanduanes</a> (1)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legislative_districts_of_Cavite" title="Legislative districts of Cavite">Cavite</a> (8)<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>g<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legislative_districts_of_Cebu" title="Legislative districts of Cebu">Cebu</a> (7)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legislative_districts_of_Cotabato" title="Legislative districts of Cotabato">Cotabato</a> (3)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legislative_districts_of_Davao_de_Oro" title="Legislative districts of Davao de Oro">Davao de Oro</a> (2)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legislative_districts_of_Davao_del_Norte" title="Legislative districts of Davao del Norte">Davao del Norte</a> (2)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legislative_district_of_Davao_Occidental" class="mw-redirect" title="Legislative district of Davao Occidental">Davao Occidental</a> (1)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legislative_districts_of_Davao_Oriental" title="Legislative districts of Davao Oriental">Davao Oriental</a> (2)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legislative_districts_of_Davao_del_Sur" title="Legislative districts of Davao del Sur">Davao del Sur</a> (1)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legislative_district_of_Dinagat_Islands" class="mw-redirect" title="Legislative district of Dinagat Islands">Dinagat Islands</a> (1)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eastern_Samar%27s_at-large_congressional_district" title="Eastern Samar's at-large congressional district">Eastern Samar</a> (1)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legislative_district_of_Guimaras" class="mw-redirect" title="Legislative district of Guimaras">Guimaras</a> (1)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legislative_district_of_Ifugao" class="mw-redirect" title="Legislative district of Ifugao">Ifugao</a> (1)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legislative_districts_of_Ilocos_Norte" title="Legislative districts of Ilocos Norte">Ilocos Norte</a> (2)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legislative_districts_of_Ilocos_Sur" title="Legislative districts of Ilocos Sur">Ilocos Sur</a> (2)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legislative_districts_of_Iloilo" title="Legislative districts of Iloilo">Iloilo</a> (5)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legislative_districts_of_Isabela" title="Legislative districts of Isabela">Isabela</a> (6)<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>h<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legislative_district_of_Kalinga" class="mw-redirect" title="Legislative district of Kalinga">Kalinga</a> (1)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legislative_districts_of_La_Union" title="Legislative districts of La Union">La Union</a> (2)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legislative_districts_of_Laguna" title="Legislative districts of Laguna">Laguna</a> (4)<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>i<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legislative_districts_of_Lanao_del_Norte" title="Legislative districts of Lanao del Norte">Lanao del Norte</a> (2)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legislative_districts_of_Lanao_del_Sur" title="Legislative districts of Lanao del Sur">Lanao del Sur</a> (2)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legislative_districts_of_Leyte" title="Legislative districts of Leyte">Leyte</a> (5)<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>j<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legislative_district_of_Maguindanao_del_Norte" title="Legislative district of Maguindanao del Norte">Maguindanao del Norte</a> (1)<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>k<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legislative_district_of_Maguindanao_del_Sur" title="Legislative district of Maguindanao del Sur">Maguindanao del Sur</a> (1)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legislative_district_of_Marinduque" class="mw-redirect" title="Legislative district of Marinduque">Marinduque</a> (1)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legislative_districts_of_Masbate" title="Legislative districts of Masbate">Masbate</a> (3)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legislative_districts_of_Misamis_Occidental" title="Legislative districts of Misamis Occidental">Misamis Occidental</a> (2)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legislative_districts_of_Misamis_Oriental" title="Legislative districts of Misamis Oriental">Misamis Oriental</a> (2)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legislative_district_of_Mountain_Province" class="mw-redirect" title="Legislative district of Mountain Province">Mountain Province</a> (1)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legislative_districts_of_Negros_Occidental" title="Legislative districts of Negros Occidental">Negros Occidental</a> (6)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legislative_districts_of_Negros_Oriental" title="Legislative districts of Negros Oriental">Negros Oriental</a> (3)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legislative_districts_of_Northern_Samar" title="Legislative districts of Northern Samar">Northern Samar</a> (2)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legislative_districts_of_Nueva_Ecija" title="Legislative districts of Nueva Ecija">Nueva Ecija</a> (4)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legislative_district_of_Nueva_Vizcaya" class="mw-redirect" title="Legislative district of Nueva Vizcaya">Nueva Vizcaya</a> (1)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legislative_district_of_Occidental_Mindoro" class="mw-redirect" title="Legislative district of Occidental Mindoro">Occidental Mindoro</a> (1)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legislative_districts_of_Oriental_Mindoro" title="Legislative districts of Oriental Mindoro">Oriental Mindoro</a> (2)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legislative_districts_of_Palawan" title="Legislative districts of Palawan">Palawan</a> (3)<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>l<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legislative_districts_of_Pampanga" title="Legislative districts of Pampanga">Pampanga</a> (4)<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>m<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legislative_districts_of_Pangasinan" title="Legislative districts of Pangasinan">Pangasinan</a> (6)<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>n<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legislative_districts_of_Quezon" title="Legislative districts of Quezon">Quezon</a> (4)<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>o<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legislative_district_of_Quirino" class="mw-redirect" title="Legislative district of Quirino">Quirino</a> (1)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legislative_districts_of_Rizal" title="Legislative districts of Rizal">Rizal</a> (4)<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>p<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legislative_district_of_Romblon" class="mw-redirect" title="Legislative district of Romblon">Romblon</a> (1)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legislative_districts_of_Samar" title="Legislative districts of Samar">Samar</a> (2)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legislative_district_of_Sarangani" class="mw-redirect" title="Legislative district of Sarangani">Sarangani</a> (1)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legislative_district_of_Siquijor" class="mw-redirect" title="Legislative district of Siquijor">Siquijor</a> (1)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legislative_districts_of_Sorsogon" title="Legislative districts of Sorsogon">Sorsogon</a> (2)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legislative_districts_of_South_Cotabato" title="Legislative districts of South Cotabato">South Cotabato</a> (2)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Southern_Leyte%27s_at-large_congressional_district" title="Southern Leyte's at-large congressional district">Southern Leyte</a> (2)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legislative_district_of_Sultan_Kudarat" class="mw-redirect" title="Legislative district of Sultan Kudarat">Sultan Kudarat</a> (2)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legislative_district_of_Sulu" class="mw-redirect" title="Legislative district of Sulu">Sulu</a> (2)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legislative_districts_of_Surigao_del_Norte" title="Legislative districts of Surigao del Norte">Surigao del Norte</a> (2)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legislative_districts_of_Surigao_del_Sur" title="Legislative districts of Surigao del Sur">Surigao del Sur</a> (2)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legislative_districts_of_Tarlac" title="Legislative districts of Tarlac">Tarlac</a> (3)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legislative_district_of_Tawi-Tawi" title="Legislative district of Tawi-Tawi">Tawi-Tawi</a> (1)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legislative_districts_of_Zambales" title="Legislative districts of Zambales">Zambales</a> (2)<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>q<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legislative_districts_of_Zamboanga_del_Norte" title="Legislative districts of Zamboanga del Norte">Zamboanga del Norte</a> (3)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legislative_districts_of_Zamboanga_del_Sur" title="Legislative districts of Zamboanga del Sur">Zamboanga del Sur</a> (2)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legislative_district_of_Zamboanga_Sibugay" class="mw-redirect" title="Legislative district of Zamboanga Sibugay">Zamboanga Sibugay</a> (2)</li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Legislative_districts_in_cities">Legislative districts in cities</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=House_of_Representatives_of_the_Philippines&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: Legislative districts in cities"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1184024115"><div class="div-col" style="column-width: 25em;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Legislative_districts_of_Antipolo" title="Legislative districts of Antipolo">Antipolo</a> (2)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legislative_district_of_Bacolod" class="mw-redirect" title="Legislative district of Bacolod">Bacolod</a> (1)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legislative_district_of_Baguio" class="mw-redirect" title="Legislative district of Baguio">Baguio</a> (1)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legislative_district_of_Bi%C3%B1an" class="mw-redirect" title="Legislative district of Biñan">Biñan</a> (1)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legislative_district_of_Butuan" class="mw-redirect" title="Legislative district of Butuan">Butuan</a> (1)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legislative_districts_of_Cagayan_de_Oro" title="Legislative districts of Cagayan de Oro">Cagayan de Oro</a> (2)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legislative_district_of_Calamba" class="mw-redirect" title="Legislative district of Calamba">Calamba</a> (1)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legislative_districts_of_Caloocan" title="Legislative districts of Caloocan">Caloocan</a> (3)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legislative_districts_of_Cebu_City" title="Legislative districts of Cebu City">Cebu City</a> (2)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legislative_districts_of_Davao_City" title="Legislative districts of Davao City">Davao City</a> (3)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legislative_district_of_Iligan" class="mw-redirect" title="Legislative district of Iligan">Iligan</a> (1)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legislative_district_of_General_Santos" class="mw-redirect" title="Legislative district of General Santos">General Santos</a> (1)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legislative_district_of_Iloilo_City" class="mw-redirect" title="Legislative district of Iloilo City">Iloilo City</a> (1)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legislative_district_of_Lapu-Lapu" class="mw-redirect" title="Legislative district of Lapu-Lapu">Lapu-Lapu</a> (1)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legislative_district_of_Las_Pi%C3%B1as" class="mw-redirect" title="Legislative district of Las Piñas">Las Piñas</a> (1)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legislative_districts_of_Makati" title="Legislative districts of Makati">Makati</a> (2)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legislative_district_of_Malabon" class="mw-redirect" title="Legislative district of Malabon">Malabon</a> (1)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legislative_district_of_Mandaluyong" class="mw-redirect" title="Legislative district of Mandaluyong">Mandaluyong</a> (1)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legislative_district_of_Mandaue" class="mw-redirect" title="Legislative district of Mandaue">Mandaue</a> (1)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legislative_districts_of_Manila" title="Legislative districts of Manila">Manila</a> (6)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legislative_districts_of_Marikina" title="Legislative districts of Marikina">Marikina</a> (2)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legislative_district_of_Muntinlupa" class="mw-redirect" title="Legislative district of Muntinlupa">Muntinlupa</a> (1)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legislative_district_of_Navotas" class="mw-redirect" title="Legislative district of Navotas">Navotas</a> (1)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legislative_districts_of_Para%C3%B1aque" title="Legislative districts of Parañaque">Parañaque</a> (2)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legislative_district_of_Pasay" class="mw-redirect" title="Legislative district of Pasay">Pasay</a> (1)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legislative_district_of_Pasig" class="mw-redirect" title="Legislative district of Pasig">Pasig</a> (1)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legislative_district_of_Pateros%E2%80%93Taguig" class="mw-redirect" title="Legislative district of Pateros–Taguig">Pateros and Taguig</a> (1)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legislative_districts_of_Quezon_City" title="Legislative districts of Quezon City">Quezon City</a> (6)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legislative_district_of_San_Jose_del_Monte" class="mw-redirect" title="Legislative district of San Jose del Monte">San Jose del Monte</a> (1)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legislative_district_of_San_Juan" class="mw-redirect" title="Legislative district of San Juan">San Juan</a> (1)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legislative_district_of_Santa_Rosa" class="mw-redirect" title="Legislative district of Santa Rosa">Santa Rosa</a> (1)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legislative_district_of_Taguig" class="mw-redirect" title="Legislative district of Taguig">Taguig</a> (1)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legislative_districts_of_Valenzuela" title="Legislative districts of Valenzuela">Valenzuela</a> (2)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legislative_districts_of_Zamboanga_City" title="Legislative districts of Zamboanga City">Zamboanga City</a> (2)</li></ul> </div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-lower-alpha"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bukidnon_Paglaum" title="Bukidnon Paglaum">Bukidnon Paglaum</a> (2)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hugpong_ng_Pagbabago" title="Hugpong ng Pagbabago">HNP</a> (1)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Adelante_Zamboanga_Party&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Adelante Zamboanga Party (page does not exist)">AZAP</a> (1)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Padayon_Pilipino" title="Padayon Pilipino">Padayon Pilipino</a> (1)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Partido_Navote%C3%B1o" title="Partido Navoteño">Navoteño</a> (1)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=United_Benguet_Party&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="United Benguet Party (page does not exist)">UBP</a> (1)</li></ul> </span></li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Basilan_Unity_Party&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Basilan Unity Party (page does not exist)">Basilan Unity Party</a> (1)</li></ul> </span></li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">The <a href="/wiki/URL" title="URL">URL</a> of the website of the House of Representatives is, for example, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://congress.gov.ph/">www.<b>congress</b>.gov.ph</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">The component cities of <a href="/wiki/Batangas_City" title="Batangas City">Batangas</a> and <a href="/wiki/Lipa,_Batangas" title="Lipa, Batangas">Lipa</a> are officially known as the 5th and 6th Districts of Batangas, respectively.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">The component city of <a href="/wiki/San_Jose_del_Monte" title="San Jose del Monte">San Jose del Monte</a> is represented separately from Bulacan, but remains as part of the province's 4th District for the purpose of electing <a href="/wiki/Sangguniang_Panlalawigan" title="Sangguniang Panlalawigan">Sangguniang Panlalawigan</a> members.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">The independent-component city of <a href="/wiki/Naga,_Camarines_Sur" title="Naga, Camarines Sur">Naga</a> remains part of Camarines Sur's congressional representation.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">The component cities of <a href="/wiki/Bacoor" title="Bacoor">Bacoor</a>, <a href="/wiki/Dasmari%C3%B1as" title="Dasmariñas">Dasmariñas</a>, <a href="/wiki/General_Trias" title="General Trias">General Trias</a> and <a href="/wiki/Imus" title="Imus">Imus</a> are officially known as the 2nd, 4th, 6th and 3rd Districts of Cavite, respectively.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">The independent-component city of <a href="/wiki/Santiago,_Isabela" title="Santiago, Isabela">Santiago</a> remains part of Isabela's congressional representation.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">The component cities of <a href="/wiki/Bi%C3%B1an" title="Biñan">Biñan</a> and <a href="/wiki/Calamba,_Laguna" title="Calamba, Laguna">Calamba</a> are represented separately from Laguna, but remains as part of the province's 1st and 2nd Districts, respectively, for the purpose of electing <a href="/wiki/Sangguniang_Panlalawigan" title="Sangguniang Panlalawigan">Sangguniang Panlalawigan</a> members. The component city of <a href="/wiki/Santa_Rosa,_Laguna" title="Santa Rosa, Laguna">Santa Rosa</a> will be represented separately from Laguna starting 2022, but will remain part of the province's 1st SP district.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">The highly urbanized city of <a href="/wiki/Tacloban" title="Tacloban">Tacloban</a> and the independent-component city of <a href="/wiki/Ormoc" title="Ormoc">Ormoc</a> remain part of Leyte's congressional representation.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">The independent-component city of <a href="/wiki/Cotabato_City" title="Cotabato City">Cotabato</a> remains part of Maguindanao's congressional representation.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">The highly urbanized city of <a href="/wiki/Puerto_Princesa" title="Puerto Princesa">Puerto Princesa</a> remains part of Palawan's congressional representation.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">The highly urbanized city of <a href="/wiki/Angeles_City" title="Angeles City">Angeles</a> remains part of Pampanga's congressional representation.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">The independent-component city of <a href="/wiki/Dagupan" title="Dagupan">Dagupan</a> remains part of Pangasinan's congressional representation.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">The highly urbanized city of <a href="/wiki/Lucena,_Philippines" class="mw-redirect" title="Lucena, Philippines">Lucena</a> remains part of Quezon's congressional representation.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">The component city of <a href="/wiki/Antipolo" title="Antipolo">Antipolo</a> is represented separately from Rizal, but returns one member from each of its districts to the province's <a href="/wiki/Sangguniang_Panlalawigan" title="Sangguniang Panlalawigan">Sangguniang Panlalawigan</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">The highly urbanized city of <a href="/wiki/Olongapo" title="Olongapo">Olongapo</a> remains part of Zambales's congressional representation.</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Party-list_representation">Party-list representation</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=House_of_Representatives_of_the_Philippines&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: Party-list representation"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Party-list_representation_in_the_House_of_Representatives_of_the_Philippines" title="Party-list representation in the House of Representatives of the Philippines">Party-list representation in the House of Representatives of the Philippines</a></div> <p>The party-list system is the name designated for party-list representation. Under the <a href="/wiki/Constitution_of_the_Philippines" title="Constitution of the Philippines">1987 Constitution</a>, the electorate can vote for certain party-list organizations in order to give voice to significant minorities of society that would otherwise not be adequately represented through geographical district. From 1987 to 1998, party-list representatives were appointed by the President. </p><p>Since 1998, each voter votes for a single party-list organization. Organizations that garner at least 2% of the total number of votes are awarded one representative for every 2% up to a maximum of three representatives. Thus, there can be at most 50 party-list representatives in Congress, though usually no more than 20 are elected because many organizations do not reach the required 2% minimum number of votes. </p><p>After the <a href="/wiki/2007_Philippine_House_of_Representatives_elections" title="2007 Philippine House of Representatives elections">2007 election</a>, in a controversial decision, the Supreme Court ordered the COMELEC to change how it allocates the party-list seats. Under the new formula only one party will have the maximum 3 seats. It based its decision on a formula contained in the <i>VFP vs. COMELEC</i> decision. In 2009, in the <i>BANAT vs. COMELEC</i> decision, it was changed anew in which parties with less than 2% of the vote were given seats to fulfill the 20% quota as set forth in the constitution. </p><p>Aside from determining which party won and allocating the number of seats won per party, another point of contention was whether the nominees should be a member of the marginalized group they are supposed to represent; in the <i>Ang Bagong Bayani vs. COMELEC</i> decision, the Supreme Court not only ruled that the nominees should be a member of the marginalized sector, but it also disallowed major political parties from participating in the party-list election. However, on the <i>BANAT</i> decision, the court ruled that since the law didn't specify who belongs to a marginalized sector, the court allowed anyone to be a nominee as long as the nominee as a member of the <i>party</i> (not necessarily the marginalized group the party is supposed to represent). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Sectoral_representation">Sectoral representation</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=House_of_Representatives_of_the_Philippines&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section: Sectoral representation"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Prior to the enactment of the Party-list Act, the president, with the advice and consent of the <a href="/wiki/Commission_on_Appointments" title="Commission on Appointments">Commission on Appointments</a>, nominated sectoral representatives. These represented various sectors, from labor, peasants, urban poor, the youth, women and cultural communities. Their numbers grew from 15 members in the <a href="/wiki/8th_Congress_of_the_Philippines" title="8th Congress of the Philippines">8th Congress</a>, to 32 in the <a href="/wiki/10th_Congress_of_the_Philippines" title="10th Congress of the Philippines">10th Congress</a>. </p><p>In the <a href="/wiki/Interim_Batasang_Pambansa" title="Interim Batasang Pambansa">Interim Batasang Pambansa</a>, a sectoral election was held to fill up the sectoral seats of parliament. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Legislative_caretakers">Legislative caretakers</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=House_of_Representatives_of_the_Philippines&action=edit&section=23" title="Edit section: Legislative caretakers"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Under the Republic Act No. 6645 or "An Act Prescribing the Manner of Filling a Vacancy in the Congress of the Philippines", if a seat was vacated with at most 18 months prior to an election the House of Representatives could request the Commission on Elections to hold a special election to fill in the vacancy. The law does not specify for a mechanism if the seat was vacated within 18 months prior to an election. The House of Representatives through its Speaker customarily appoints a caretaker or legislative liaison officer to fill in the vacancy.<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The caretaker cannot vote in the name of the district that is being taken care of. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Redistricting">Redistricting</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=House_of_Representatives_of_the_Philippines&action=edit&section=24" title="Edit section: Redistricting"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Philippine_congressional_districts_population.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2d/Philippine_congressional_districts_population.png/220px-Philippine_congressional_districts_population.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="335" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2d/Philippine_congressional_districts_population.png/330px-Philippine_congressional_districts_population.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2d/Philippine_congressional_districts_population.png/440px-Philippine_congressional_districts_population.png 2x" data-file-width="2050" data-file-height="3120" /></a><figcaption>Population of each congressional district in the Philippines. Districts shaded with blue hues have less than 250,000 people, those shaded green are just over 250,000, yellow and orange are more than 250,000, and those shaded red can be split into two or more districts.</figcaption></figure> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Philippine_HOR_population_per_representative.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Philippine_HOR_population_per_representative.png/250px-Philippine_HOR_population_per_representative.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="182" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Philippine_HOR_population_per_representative.png/375px-Philippine_HOR_population_per_representative.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Philippine_HOR_population_per_representative.png/500px-Philippine_HOR_population_per_representative.png 2x" data-file-width="913" data-file-height="663" /></a><figcaption>Persons per representative per province or city in the House of Representatives: Provinces (blue) and cities (red) are arranged in descending order of population from Cavite to Batanes (provinces) and from Quezon City to San Juan (cities).</figcaption></figure> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Philippine_HOR_population_per_district_historical.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Philippine_HOR_population_per_district_historical.png/250px-Philippine_HOR_population_per_district_historical.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="182" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Philippine_HOR_population_per_district_historical.png/375px-Philippine_HOR_population_per_district_historical.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Philippine_HOR_population_per_district_historical.png/500px-Philippine_HOR_population_per_district_historical.png 2x" data-file-width="914" data-file-height="664" /></a><figcaption>Persons per representative from 1903 to 2007. The last nationwide apportionment act was the ordinance to the 1987 constitution, which was based on the 1980 census.</figcaption></figure> <p>Congress is mandated to reapportion the legislative districts within three years following the return of every census.<sup id="cite_ref-Article_VI_27-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Article_VI-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Since its restoration in 1987, Congress has not passed any general apportionment law, despite the publication of six censuses in 1990, 1995, 2000, 2007, 2010 and 2015.<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The increase in the number of representative districts since 1987 were mostly due to the creation of new provinces, cities, and piecemeal redistricting of certain provinces and cities. </p><p>The apportionment of congressional districts is not dependent upon a specially-mandated independent government body, but rather through <a href="/wiki/Republic_Act" class="mw-redirect" title="Republic Act">Republic Acts</a> which are drafted by members of Congress. Therefore, apportionment often can be influenced by political motivations. Incumbent representatives who are not permitted by law to serve after three consecutive terms sometimes resort to dividing their district, or even creating a new province which will be guaranteed a seat, just so that their allies be able to run, while "switching offices" with them. Likewise, politicians whose political fortunes are likely to be jeopardized by any change in district boundaries may delay or even ignore the need for reapportionment. </p><p>Since 1987, the creation of some new congressional districts have been met with controversy, especially due to incumbent political clans and their allies benefiting from the new district arrangements. Some of these new congressional districts are tied to the creation of a new province, because such an act necessarily entails the creation of a new congressional district. </p> <ul><li><b>Creation of <a href="/wiki/Davao_Occidental" title="Davao Occidental">Davao Occidental</a>, 2013:</b> The rival Cagas and Bautista clans dominate politics in the province of <a href="/wiki/Davao_del_Sur" title="Davao del Sur">Davao del Sur</a>; their members have been elected as congressional representatives for the <a href="/wiki/Legislative_districts_of_Davao_del_Sur#1st_District" title="Legislative districts of Davao del Sur">first</a> and <a href="/wiki/Legislative_districts_of_Davao_del_Sur#2nd_District" title="Legislative districts of Davao del Sur">second districts</a> of the province since 1987. However, the province's governorship has been in contest between the two clans in recent years: Claude Bautista, the current governor, was elected in 2013; before that Douglas Cagas served as governor from 2007 to 2013, after succeeding Benjamin Bautista Jr. who served from 2002 to 2007.<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Supporters of both clans have been subjected to political violence, prompting the police to put the province of Davao del Sur in the election watchlist.<sup id="cite_ref-doc_30-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-doc-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The law which created <a href="/wiki/Davao_Occidental" title="Davao Occidental">Davao Occidental</a>, Republic Act No. 10360, was co-authored by House Representatives <a href="/wiki/Marc_Douglas_Cagas_IV" title="Marc Douglas Cagas IV">Marc Douglas Cagas IV</a> and <a href="/wiki/Franklin_Bautista" title="Franklin Bautista">Franklin Bautista</a> as House Bill 4451; the creation of the new province is seen as a way to halt the "often violent" political rivalry between the clans by ensuring that the Cagas and Bautista clans have separate domains.<sup id="cite_ref-doc_30-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-doc-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><b>Reapportionment of <a href="/wiki/Camarines_Sur" title="Camarines Sur">Camarines Sur</a>, 2009:</b> A <a href="/wiki/Legislative_districts_of_Camarines_Sur#2nd_District" title="Legislative districts of Camarines Sur">new congressional district</a> was created within Camarines Sur under Republic Act No. 9716, which resulted in the reduction of the population of the province's <a href="/wiki/Legislative_districts_of_Camarines_Sur#1st_District" title="Legislative districts of Camarines Sur">first district</a> to below the Constitutional ideal of 250,000 inhabitants. The move was seen as a form of political accommodation that would (and ultimately did) prevent two allies of then-<a href="/wiki/President_of_the_Philippines" title="President of the Philippines">President</a> <a href="/wiki/Gloria_Macapagal_Arroyo" title="Gloria Macapagal Arroyo">Gloria Macapagal Arroyo</a> from running in the same district. Rolando Andaya, who was on his third term as congressman for the first district, was appointed <a href="/wiki/Department_of_Budget_and_Management" title="Department of Budget and Management">Budget Secretary</a> in 2006; his plans to run as representative of the same district in 2010 put him in direct competition with <a href="/wiki/Diosdado_Macapagal-Arroyo" class="mw-redirect" title="Diosdado Macapagal-Arroyo">Diosdado Macapagal-Arroyo</a>, the president's youngest son, who was also seeking re-election. Then-<a href="/wiki/Senate_of_the_Philippines" title="Senate of the Philippines">Senator</a> <a href="/wiki/Noynoy_Aquino" class="mw-redirect" title="Noynoy Aquino">Noynoy Aquino</a> challenged the constitutionality of the law but the <a href="/wiki/Supreme_Court_of_the_Philippines" title="Supreme Court of the Philippines">Supreme Court of the Philippines</a> ultimately ruled that the creation of the new district was constitutional.<sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><b>Creation of <a href="/wiki/Dinagat_Islands" title="Dinagat Islands">Dinagat Islands</a>, 2007:</b> The separation of Dinagat Islands from <a href="/wiki/Surigao_del_Norte" title="Surigao del Norte">Surigao del Norte</a> has further solidified the hold of the Ecleo clan over the impoverished and typhoon-prone area, which remains among the poorest provinces in the country.<sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Most_populous_legislative_districts">Most populous legislative districts</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=House_of_Representatives_of_the_Philippines&action=edit&section=25" title="Edit section: Most populous legislative districts"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Currently the district with the lowest population is the <a href="/wiki/Legislative_district_of_Batanes" class="mw-redirect" title="Legislative district of Batanes">lone district of Batanes</a>, with only 18,831 inhabitants in 2020. The most populous congressional district, the <a href="/wiki/Legislative_districts_of_Rizal#1st_District" title="Legislative districts of Rizal">1st District of Rizal</a>, has around 69 times more inhabitants. Data below reflect the district boundaries for the <a href="/wiki/2019_Philippine_general_election" title="2019 Philippine general election">2019 elections</a>, and the population counts from the 2020 census.<sup id="cite_ref-popcen2015_33-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-popcen2015-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th>Rank </th> <th>Legislative district </th> <th>Population (2020) </th></tr> <tr> <td align="right">1 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Legislative_districts_of_Rizal#1st_District" title="Legislative districts of Rizal">1st District of Rizal</a> </td> <td align="right">1,207,509 </td></tr> <tr> <td align="right">2 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Legislative_districts_of_Caloocan#1st_District" title="Legislative districts of Caloocan">1st District of Caloocan</a> </td> <td align="right">953,125 </td></tr> <tr> <td align="right">3 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Legislative_district_of_Maguindanao_del_Norte" title="Legislative district of Maguindanao del Norte">Lone District of Maguindanao del Norte</a> </td> <td align="right">943,500 </td></tr> <tr> <td align="right">4 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Legislative_districts_of_Pampanga#1st_District" title="Legislative districts of Pampanga">1st District of Pampanga</a> </td> <td align="right">880,360 </td></tr> <tr> <td align="right">5 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Legislative_districts_of_Cebu#1st_District" title="Legislative districts of Cebu">1st District of Cebu</a> </td> <td align="right">809,335 </td></tr> <tr> <td align="right">6 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Legislative_district_of_Pasig" class="mw-redirect" title="Legislative district of Pasig">Lone district of Pasig</a> </td> <td align="right">803,159 </td></tr> <tr> <td align="right">7 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Legislative_districts_of_Pampanga#3rd_District" title="Legislative districts of Pampanga">3rd District of Pampanga</a> </td> <td align="right">782,547 </td></tr> <tr> <td align="right">8 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Legislative_districts_of_Batangas#3rd_District" title="Legislative districts of Batangas">3rd District of Batangas</a> </td> <td align="right">768,561 </td></tr> <tr> <td align="right">9 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Legislative_districts_of_Bulacan#1st_District" title="Legislative districts of Bulacan">1st District of Bulacan</a> </td> <td align="right">758,872 </td></tr> <tr> <td align="right">10 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Legislative_districts_of_Quezon#2nd_District" title="Legislative districts of Quezon">2nd District of Quezon</a> </td> <td align="right">753,343 </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Underrepresentation">Underrepresentation</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=House_of_Representatives_of_the_Philippines&action=edit&section=26" title="Edit section: Underrepresentation"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Because of the lack of a nationwide reapportionment after the publication of every census since the Constitution was promulgated in 1987, faster-growing provinces and cities have become severely underrepresented. Each legislative district is ideally supposed to encompass a population of 250,000.<sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Powers">Powers</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=House_of_Representatives_of_the_Philippines&action=edit&section=27" title="Edit section: Powers"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The House of Representatives is modeled after the <a href="/wiki/United_States_House_of_Representatives" title="United States House of Representatives">United States House of Representatives</a>; the two chambers of Congress have roughly equal powers, and every bill or resolution that has to go through both houses needs the consent of both chambers before being passed for the president's signature. Once a bill is defeated in the House of Representatives, it is lost. Once a bill is approved by the House of Representatives on third reading, the bill is passed to the Senate, unless an exact identical bill has also been passed by the upper house. When a counterpart bill in the Senate is different from the one passed by the House of Representatives, either a bicameral conference committee is created consisting of members from both chambers of Congress to reconcile the differences, or either chamber may instead approve the other chamber's version. </p><p>Just like most lower houses, franchise and <a href="/wiki/Money_bill" title="Money bill">money bills</a> originate in the House of Representatives, but the Senate may still propose or concur with amendments, same with bills of local application and private bills. The House of Representatives has the sole power to initiate <a href="/wiki/Impeachment_in_the_Philippines" title="Impeachment in the Philippines">impeachment</a> proceedings, and may impeach an official by a vote of one-third of its members. Once an official is impeached, the Senate tries that official. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Seat">Seat</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=House_of_Representatives_of_the_Philippines&action=edit&section=28" title="Edit section: Seat"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Taft_Addressing_First_Philippine_Assembly_1907.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Taft_Addressing_First_Philippine_Assembly_1907.jpg/220px-Taft_Addressing_First_Philippine_Assembly_1907.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="119" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Taft_Addressing_First_Philippine_Assembly_1907.jpg/330px-Taft_Addressing_First_Philippine_Assembly_1907.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Taft_Addressing_First_Philippine_Assembly_1907.jpg/440px-Taft_Addressing_First_Philippine_Assembly_1907.jpg 2x" data-file-width="608" data-file-height="329" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/William_Howard_Taft" title="William Howard Taft">William Howard Taft</a> addressing the <a href="/wiki/1st_Philippine_Legislature" title="1st Philippine Legislature">1st Philippine Legislature</a> at the <a href="/wiki/Manila_Grand_Opera_House" title="Manila Grand Opera House">Manila Grand Opera House</a> in 1907.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:MansionHouseBaguio.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/MansionHouseBaguio.jpg/220px-MansionHouseBaguio.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/MansionHouseBaguio.jpg/330px-MansionHouseBaguio.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/MansionHouseBaguio.jpg/440px-MansionHouseBaguio.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1594" data-file-height="1192" /></a><figcaption>The <a href="/wiki/2nd_Philippine_Legislature" title="2nd Philippine Legislature">2nd Philippine Legislature</a> convened at <a href="/wiki/The_Mansion,_Baguio" class="mw-redirect" title="The Mansion, Baguio">The Mansion</a> in <a href="/wiki/Baguio" title="Baguio">Baguio</a> in 1921.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Joint_session_of_Philippine_Legislature.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/90/Joint_session_of_Philippine_Legislature.jpg/220px-Joint_session_of_Philippine_Legislature.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="171" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/90/Joint_session_of_Philippine_Legislature.jpg/330px-Joint_session_of_Philippine_Legislature.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/90/Joint_session_of_Philippine_Legislature.jpg/440px-Joint_session_of_Philippine_Legislature.jpg 2x" data-file-width="629" data-file-height="489" /></a><figcaption>Joint session of the Philippine Legislature, Manila. November 15, 1916</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Philippine_Legislature_before_1924.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Philippine_Legislature_before_1924.jpg/220px-Philippine_Legislature_before_1924.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="168" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Philippine_Legislature_before_1924.jpg/330px-Philippine_Legislature_before_1924.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Philippine_Legislature_before_1924.jpg/440px-Philippine_Legislature_before_1924.jpg 2x" data-file-width="639" data-file-height="487" /></a><figcaption>Philippine legislature before 1924</figcaption></figure> <p>The <a href="/wiki/Batasang_Pambansa_Complex" title="Batasang Pambansa Complex">Batasang Pambansa Complex</a> (National Legislature) at <a href="/wiki/Quezon_City" title="Quezon City">Quezon City</a> is the seat of the House of Representatives since its restoration in 1987; it took its name from the <a href="/wiki/Batasang_Pambansa" class="mw-redirect" title="Batasang Pambansa">Batasang Pambansa</a>, the national parliament which convened there from 1978 to 1986. </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Philippine_Legislature" title="Philippine Legislature">Philippine Legislature</a> was inaugurated at the <a href="/wiki/Manila_Grand_Opera_House" title="Manila Grand Opera House">Manila Grand Opera House</a> at 1907, then it conducted business at the <a href="/wiki/Ayuntamiento_de_Manila" title="Ayuntamiento de Manila">Ayuntamiento in Intramuros</a>. Governor-General <a href="/wiki/Leonard_Wood" title="Leonard Wood">Leonard Wood</a> summoned the <a href="/wiki/2nd_Philippine_Legislature" title="2nd Philippine Legislature">2nd Philippine Legislature</a> at <a href="/wiki/Baguio" title="Baguio">Baguio</a> and convened at <a href="/wiki/The_Mansion,_Baguio" class="mw-redirect" title="The Mansion, Baguio">The Mansion</a> in <a href="/wiki/Baguio" title="Baguio">Baguio</a> for three weeks. The legislature returned to the Ayutamiento, as the <a href="/wiki/Old_Legislative_Building_(Manila)" class="mw-redirect" title="Old Legislative Building (Manila)">Legislative Building</a> was being constructed; it first convened there on July 26, 1926. The House of Representatives continued to occupy the second floor until 1945 when the area was shelled during the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Manila_(1945)" title="Battle of Manila (1945)">Battle of Manila</a>. The building was damaged beyond repair and Congress convened at the Old Japanese Schoolhouse at Lepanto<sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (modern-day S. H. Loyola) Street, Manila until the Legislative Building can be occupied again in 1949. Congress stayed at the Legislative Building, by now called the Congress Building, until President Marcos shut Congress and ruled by decree starting in 1972.<sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Marcos then oversaw the construction of the new home of parliament at <a href="/wiki/Quezon_City" title="Quezon City">Quezon City</a>, which convened in 1978. The parliament, called the Batasang Pambansa continued to sit there until the passage of the <a href="/wiki/Constitution_of_the_Philippines#"Freedom_Constitution"_(1986)" title="Constitution of the Philippines">1986 Freedom Constitution</a>. The House of Representatives inherited the Batasang Pambansa Complex in 1987. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Batasang_Pambansa_Complex">Batasang Pambansa Complex</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=House_of_Representatives_of_the_Philippines&action=edit&section=29" title="Edit section: Batasang Pambansa Complex"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Batasang Pambansa Complex, now officially called the House of Representatives Building Complex, is at the National Government Center, Constitution Hills, Quezon City. Accessible via <a href="/wiki/Commonwealth_Avenue,_Quezon_City" class="mw-redirect" title="Commonwealth Avenue, Quezon City">Commonwealth Avenue</a>, the complex consists of four buildings. The Main Building hosts the session hall; the North and South wings, inaugurated in December 1977, are attached to it. The newest building, the Ramon Mitra, Jr. Building, was completed in 2001. It houses the Legislative Library, the Committee offices, the Reference and Research Bureau, and the Conference Rooms.<sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Current_composition">Current composition</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=House_of_Representatives_of_the_Philippines&action=edit&section=30" title="Edit section: Current composition"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1251242444">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .ambox.mbox-small-left{margin:4px 1em 4px 0;overflow:hidden;width:238px;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{border-left:10px solid #b32424;background-color:#fee7e6}.mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left:10px solid #b32424}.mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left:10px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left:10px solid #fc3}.mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left:10px solid #9932cc}.mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left:10px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.5em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 0.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.5em 2px 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image-div{width:52px}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ambox{margin:0 10%}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .ambox{display:none!important}}</style><table class="box-Unreferenced_section plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Unreferenced" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Question_book-new.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/50px-Question_book-new.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="39" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/75px-Question_book-new.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/100px-Question_book-new.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="399" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This section <b>does not <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources">cite</a> any <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">sources</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help <a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/House_of_Representatives_of_the_Philippines" title="Special:EditPage/House of Representatives of the Philippines">improve this section</a> by <a href="/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners" title="Help:Referencing for beginners">adding citations to reliable sources</a>. Unsourced material may be challenged and <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability#Burden_of_evidence" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">removed</a>.</span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">July 2019</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/19th_Congress_of_the_Philippines" title="19th Congress of the Philippines">19th Congress of the Philippines</a></div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Further information: <a href="/wiki/List_of_Philippine_House_of_Representatives_committees" title="List of Philippine House of Representatives committees">List of Philippine House of Representatives committees</a></div> <p>The members of the House of Representatives, aside from being grouped into political parties, are also grouped into the "majority bloc", "minority bloc" and "independents" (different from the independent in the sense that they are not affiliated into a political party). Originally, members who voted for the winning Speaker belong to the majority and members who voted for the opponent are the minority. The majority and minority bloc are to elect amongst themselves a floor leader. While members are allowed to switch blocs, they must do so in writing. Also, the bloc where they intend to transfer shall accept their application through writing. When the bloc the member ought to transfer refuses to accept the transferring member, or a member does not want to be a member of either bloc, that member becomes an independent member. A member that transfers to a new bloc forfeits one's committee chairmanships and memberships, until the bloc the member transfers to elects the member to committees. </p><p>The membership in each committee should be in proportion to the size of each bloc, with each bloc deciding who amongst them who will go to each committee, upon a motion by the floor leader concerned to the House of Representatives in plenary. The Speaker, Deputy Speakers, floor leaders, deputy floor leaders and the chairperson of the Committee on Accounts can vote in committees; the committee chairperson can only vote to break a tie. </p><p>To ensure that the representatives each get their pork barrel, most of them will join the majority bloc, or even to the president's party, as basis of <a href="/wiki/Patronage_politics" class="mw-redirect" title="Patronage politics">patronage politics</a> (known as the <a href="/wiki/Padrino_System" class="mw-redirect" title="Padrino System">Padrino System</a> locally); thus, the House of Representatives always aligns itself with the party of the sitting president. </p><p>The majority bloc sits at the right side of the speaker, facing the House of Representatives. </p> <table width="70%" style="font-weight:bold; font-size:90%; text-align:center;"> <caption>↓ </caption> <tbody><tr> <td width="22.15%" bgcolor="#B0E0E6">70 </td> <td width="18.35%" bgcolor="#333333"><span style="color:white;">58</span> </td> <td width="6.33%" bgcolor="#ffd700">20 </td> <td width="14.24%" bgcolor="#104a21"><span style="color:white;">45</span> </td> <td width="14.24%" bgcolor="#98fb98">45 </td> <td width="11.39%" bgcolor="#4AA02C"><span style="color:white;">36</span> </td> <td width="2.53%" bgcolor="#f0e68c">8 </td> <td width="8.23%" bgcolor="gray"><span style="color:white;">26</span> </td> <td width="1.27"> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span style="color:#B0E0E6;"><b>Lakas</b></span> </td> <td><span style="color:#333333"><b>PCFI</b></span> </td> <td><span style="color:#ffd700;"><b>PDP–Laban</b></span> </td> <td><span style="color:#104a21;"><b>NUP</b></span> </td> <td><span style="color:#98fb98;"><b>NP</b></span> </td> <td><span style="color:#4AA02C;"><b>NPC</b></span> </td> <td><span style="color:#f0e68c;"><b>LP</b></span> </td> <td><span style="color:gray;"><b>Others</b></span> </td> <td> </td></tr></tbody></table> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1216972533">.mw-parser-output .col-begin{border-collapse:collapse;padding:0;color:inherit;width:100%;border:0;margin:0}.mw-parser-output .col-begin-small{font-size:90%}.mw-parser-output .col-break{vertical-align:top;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .col-break-2{width:50%}.mw-parser-output .col-break-3{width:33.3%}.mw-parser-output .col-break-4{width:25%}.mw-parser-output .col-break-5{width:20%}@media(max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .col-begin,.mw-parser-output .col-begin>tbody,.mw-parser-output .col-begin>tbody>tr,.mw-parser-output .col-begin>tbody>tr>td{display:block!important;width:100%!important}.mw-parser-output .col-break{padding-left:0!important}}</style><div> <table class="col-begin" role="presentation"> <tbody><tr> <td class="col-break col-break-2"> <table class="wikitable" style="text-align:right"> <caption>Per party </caption> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="2">Party</th> <th>Total</th> <th>% </th></tr> <tr> <td style="width: 2px; color:inherit; background-color: #B0E0E6;" data-sort-value="Lakas–CMD"> </td> <td scope="row" style="text-align: left;"><a href="/wiki/Lakas%E2%80%93CMD" title="Lakas–CMD">Lakas</a></td> <td>70</td> <td>22.15% </td></tr> <tr> <td bgcolor="#333333"></td> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Party-list_Coalition" title="Party-list Coalition">Party-list Coalition</a><sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>a<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td> <td>58</td> <td>18.35% </td></tr> <tr> <td style="width: 2px; color:inherit; background-color: #ffd700;" data-sort-value="Partido Demokratiko Pilipino-Lakas ng Bayan"> </td> <td scope="row" style="text-align: left;"><a href="/wiki/Partido_Demokratiko_Pilipino-Lakas_ng_Bayan" class="mw-redirect" title="Partido Demokratiko Pilipino-Lakas ng Bayan">PDP–Laban</a></td> <td>20</td> <td>6.33% </td></tr> <tr> <td style="width: 2px; color:inherit; background-color: #104a21;" data-sort-value="National Unity Party (Philippines)"> </td> <td scope="row" style="text-align: left;"><a href="/wiki/National_Unity_Party_(Philippines)" title="National Unity Party (Philippines)">NUP</a></td> <td>45</td> <td>14.24% </td></tr> <tr> <td style="width: 2px; color:inherit; background-color: #98fb98;" data-sort-value="Nacionalista Party"> </td> <td scope="row" style="text-align: left;"><a href="/wiki/Nacionalista_Party" title="Nacionalista Party">Nacionalista</a></td> <td>45</td> <td>14.24% </td></tr> <tr> <td style="width: 2px; color:inherit; background-color: #4AA02C;" data-sort-value="Nationalist People's Coalition"> </td> <td scope="row" style="text-align: left;"><a href="/wiki/Nationalist_People%27s_Coalition" title="Nationalist People's Coalition">NPC</a></td> <td>36</td> <td>11.39% </td></tr> <tr> <td style="width: 2px; color:inherit; background-color: #f0e68c;" data-sort-value="Liberal Party (Philippines)"> </td> <td scope="row" style="text-align: left;"><a href="/wiki/Liberal_Party_(Philippines)" title="Liberal Party (Philippines)">Liberal</a></td> <td>8</td> <td>2.53% </td></tr> <tr> <td style="width: 2px; color:inherit; background-color: #29176E;" data-sort-value="Makabayan"> </td> <td scope="row" style="text-align: left;"><a href="/wiki/Makabayan" title="Makabayan">Makabayan</a><sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>b<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td> <td>3</td> <td>0.95% </td></tr> <tr> <td style="width: 2px; color:inherit; background-color: #0D5F31;" data-sort-value="Partido Federal ng Pilipinas"> </td> <td scope="row" style="text-align: left;"><a href="/wiki/Partido_Federal_ng_Pilipinas" title="Partido Federal ng Pilipinas">PFP</a></td> <td>2</td> <td>0.63% </td></tr> <tr> <td style="width: 2px; color:inherit; background-color: #F08080;" data-sort-value="People's Reform Party"> </td> <td scope="row" style="text-align: left;"><a href="/wiki/People%27s_Reform_Party" title="People's Reform Party">PRP</a></td> <td>2</td> <td>0.63% </td></tr> <tr> <td style="width: 2px; color:inherit; background-color: #cc0000;" data-sort-value="Partido para sa Demokratikong Reporma"> </td> <td scope="row" style="text-align: left;"><a href="/wiki/Partido_para_sa_Demokratikong_Reporma" title="Partido para sa Demokratikong Reporma">Reporma</a></td> <td>2</td> <td>0.63% </td></tr> <tr> <td style="width: 2px; color:inherit; background-color: #9683EC;" data-sort-value="Aksyon Demokratiko"> </td> <td scope="row" style="text-align: left;"><a href="/wiki/Aksyon_Demokratiko" title="Aksyon Demokratiko">Aksyon</a></td> <td>1</td> <td>0.32% </td></tr> <tr> <td style="width: 2px; color:inherit; background-color: #0000CD;" data-sort-value="Laban ng Demokratikong Pilipino"> </td> <td scope="row" style="text-align: left;"><a href="/wiki/Laban_ng_Demokratikong_Pilipino" title="Laban ng Demokratikong Pilipino">LDP</a></td> <td>1</td> <td>0.32% </td></tr> <tr> <td style="width: 2px; color:inherit; background-color: #0067B4;" data-sort-value="Centrist Democratic Party of the Philippines"> </td> <td scope="row" style="text-align: left;"><a href="/wiki/Centrist_Democratic_Party_of_the_Philippines" title="Centrist Democratic Party of the Philippines">CDP</a></td> <td>1</td> <td>0.32% </td></tr> <tr> <td style="width: 2px; color:inherit; background-color: #B10305;" data-sort-value="Pederalismo ng Dugong Dakilang Samahan"> </td> <td scope="row" style="text-align: left;"><a href="/wiki/Pederalismo_ng_Dugong_Dakilang_Samahan" title="Pederalismo ng Dugong Dakilang Samahan">PDDS</a></td> <td>1</td> <td>0.32% </td></tr> <tr> <td style="width: 2px; color:inherit; background-color: #FE4D00;" data-sort-value="United Nationalist Alliance"> </td> <td scope="row" style="text-align: left;"><a href="/wiki/United_Nationalist_Alliance" title="United Nationalist Alliance">UNA</a></td> <td>1</td> <td>0.32% </td></tr> <tr> <td bgcolor="purple"></td> <td align="left">Local parties<sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>c<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td> <td>9</td> <td>2.84% </td></tr> <tr> <td style="width: 2px; color:inherit; background-color: #DCDCDC;" data-sort-value="Independent politician"> </td> <td scope="row" style="text-align: left;"><a href="/wiki/Independent_politician" title="Independent politician">Independent</a></td> <td>6</td> <td>1.90% </td></tr> <tr> <td></td> <td align="left">Vacancy</td> <td>4</td> <td>1.27% </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="2">Total</th> <th>316</th> <th>100% </th></tr></tbody></table><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"><div class="reflist reflist-lower-alpha"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-38"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-38">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Includes 51 parties with a least one seat</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-39"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-39">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Includes 3 parties with a least one seat</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-40"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-40">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Includes 7 parties with a least one seat</span> </li> </ol></div></div> </td> <td class="col-break col-break-2"> <table class="wikitable" style="text-align:right"> <caption>Per bloc </caption> <tbody><tr> <th>Bloc</th> <th>Total</th> <th>% </th></tr> <tr> <td align="left">Majority</td> <td>268</td> <td>84% </td></tr> <tr> <td align="left">Minority</td> <td>22</td> <td>10% </td></tr> <tr> <td align="left">None</td> <td>21</td> <td>5% </td></tr> <tr> <td align="left">Vacancy</td> <td>5</td> <td>1% </td></tr> <tr> <th>Total</th> <th>316</th> <th>100% </th></tr></tbody></table>  </td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Leadership">Leadership</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=House_of_Representatives_of_the_Philippines&action=edit&section=31" title="Edit section: Leadership"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>House Speaker: <a href="/wiki/Martin_Romualdez" title="Martin Romualdez">Martin Romualdez</a></li> <li>Deputy Speakers: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gloria_Macapagal_Arroyo" title="Gloria Macapagal Arroyo">Gloria Macapagal Arroyo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Isidro_Ungab" title="Isidro Ungab">Isidro Ungab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roberto_Puno" title="Roberto Puno">Roberto V. Puno</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kristine_Singson-Meehan" title="Kristine Singson-Meehan">Kristine Singson-Meehan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Camille_Villar" title="Camille Villar">Camille Villar</a></li> <li>Raymond Democrito C. Mendoza</li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Suarez" class="mw-redirect" title="David Suarez">David Suarez</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aurelio_Gonzales_Jr." title="Aurelio Gonzales Jr.">Aurelio "Dong" D. Gonzales Jr.</a></li> <li>Vincent Franco "Duke" D. Frasco</li></ul></li> <li>Majority Floor Leader: Manuel Jose "Mannix" M. Dalipe</li> <li>Minority Floor Leader: <a href="/wiki/Marcelino_Libanan" title="Marcelino Libanan">Marcelino Libanan</a></li> <li>Secretary-General: Reginald S. Velasco</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="19th_Congress_Standing_Committees">19th Congress Standing Committees</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=House_of_Representatives_of_the_Philippines&action=edit&section=32" title="Edit section: 19th Congress Standing Committees"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable sortable" style="font-size: 90%; text-align:center;"> <tbody><tr> <th>Committee </th> <th>Committee Chairman </th></tr> <tr> <td>Accounts </td> <td>Yedda Marie K. Romualdez </td></tr> <tr> <td>Agrarian Reform </td> <td>Solomon R. Chungalao </td></tr> <tr> <td>Appropriations </td> <td>Elizaldy S. Co </td></tr> <tr> <td>Agriculture and Food </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Mark_Enverga" title="Mark Enverga">Wilfrido Mark M. Enverga</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Aquaculture and Fisheries Resources </td> <td>Alfredo D. Marañon III </td></tr> <tr> <td>Banks and Financial Intermediaries </td> <td>Irwin C. Tieng </td></tr> <tr> <td>Basic Education and Culture </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Roman_Romulo" title="Roman Romulo">Roman Romulo</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Civil Service and Professional Regulations </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Alexie_Tutor" title="Alexie Tutor">Kristine Alexie B. Tutor</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Climate Change </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Edgar_Chatto" title="Edgar Chatto">Edgar M. Chatto</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Constitutional Amendments </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Rufus_Rodriguez" title="Rufus Rodriguez">Rufus Rodriguez</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Cooperatives Development </td> <td>Nicanor B. Briones </td></tr> <tr> <td>Dangerous Drugs </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ace_Barbers" title="Ace Barbers">Robert Ace S. Barbers</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Disaster Resilience </td> <td>Alan 1 B. Ecleo </td></tr> <tr> <td>Ecology </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Marlyn_Alonte" class="mw-redirect" title="Marlyn Alonte">Marlyn B. Alonte</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Economic Affairs </td> <td>Gerardo P. Valmayor Jr. </td></tr> <tr> <td>Energy </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Lord_Allan_Velasco" title="Lord Allan Velasco">Lord Allan Jay Velasco</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Ethics and Privileges </td> <td>Felimon M. Espares </td></tr> <tr> <td>Flagship Programs and Projects </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Claude_Bautista" title="Claude Bautista">Claude Bautista</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Foreign Affairs </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Maria_Rachel_Arenas" title="Maria Rachel Arenas">Maria Rachel Arenas</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Games and Amusement </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Antonio_Ferrer" title="Antonio Ferrer">Antonio A. Ferrer</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Good Governance and Public Accountability </td> <td>Florida P. Robes </td></tr> <tr> <td>Government Enterprises and Privatization </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Edwin_Olivarez" title="Edwin Olivarez">Edwin L. Olivarez</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Government Reorganization </td> <td>Jonathan Keith T. Flores </td></tr> <tr> <td>Health </td> <td>Ciriaco Gato Jr. </td></tr> <tr> <td>Higher and Technical Education </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Marquez_Go" class="mw-redirect" title="Marquez Go">Mark O. Go</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Housing and Urban Development </td> <td>Jose Francisco "Kiko" B. Benitez, Ph.D. </td></tr> <tr> <td>Human Rights </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Benny_Abante" title="Benny Abante">Bienvenido M. Abante</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Indigenous Cultural Communities and Indigenous Peoples </td> <td>Allen Jesse C. Mangaoang </td></tr> <tr> <td>Information and Communications Technology </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Toby_Tiangco" title="Toby Tiangco">Tobias M. Tiangco</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Inter-parliamentary Relations And Diplomacy </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Glona_Labadlabad" title="Glona Labadlabad">Glona C. Labadlabad</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Justice </td> <td>Juliet Marie De Leon Ferrer </td></tr> <tr> <td>Labor And Employment </td> <td>Juan Fidel Felipe F. Nograles </td></tr> <tr> <td>Legislative Franchises </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Gustavo_Tambunting" title="Gustavo Tambunting">Gus S. Tambunting</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Local Government </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Mercedes_Alvarez_(politician)" class="mw-redirect" title="Mercedes Alvarez (politician)">Mercedes K. Alvarez</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Mindanao Affairs </td> <td>Yasser Alonto Balindong </td></tr> <tr> <td>Muslim Affairs </td> <td>Mohamad Khalid Q. Dimaporo </td></tr> <tr> <td>National Defense and Security </td> <td>Raul Tupas </td></tr> <tr> <td>Natural Resources </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Elpidio_Barzaga_Jr." title="Elpidio Barzaga Jr.">Elpidio F. Barzaga Jr.</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>North Luzon Growth Quadrangle </td> <td>Angelo Marcos Barba </td></tr> <tr> <td>Overseas Workers' Affairs </td> <td>Ron P. Salo </td></tr> <tr> <td>People's Participation </td> <td>Florida P. Robes </td></tr> <tr> <td>Population And Family Relations </td> <td>Ian Paul L. Dy </td></tr> <tr> <td>Poverty Alleviation </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Mikee_Romero" title="Mikee Romero">Michael Romero</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Public Accounts </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Stephen_Paduano" class="mw-redirect" title="Joseph Stephen Paduano">Joseph Stephen "Caraps" S. Paduano</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Public Information </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Jose_Aquino_II" title="Jose Aquino II">Jose Aquino II</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Public Order and Safety </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Danilo_Fernandez" title="Danilo Fernandez">Dan S. Fernandez</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Public Works and Highways </td> <td>Romeo S. Momo </td></tr> <tr> <td>Revision of Laws </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Edward_Maceda" title="Edward Maceda">Edward Vera Perez Maceda</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Rules </td> <td>Manuel Jose "Mannix" M. Dalipe </td></tr> <tr> <td>Rural Development </td> <td>Wilton T. Kho </td></tr> <tr> <td>Science and Technology </td> <td>Carlito S. Marquez </td></tr> <tr> <td>Social Services </td> <td>Rosanna Vergara </td></tr> <tr> <td>Suffrage and Electoral Reforms </td> <td>Maximo Y. Dalog Jr. </td></tr> <tr> <td>Sustainable Development Goals </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Eddie_Villanueva" title="Eddie Villanueva">Eddie Villanueva</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Tourism </td> <td>Elandro Jesus F. Madrona </td></tr> <tr> <td>Trade and Industry </td> <td>Mario Vittorio Mariño </td></tr> <tr> <td>Transportation </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Romeo_Acop" title="Romeo Acop">Romeo M. Acop</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Veterans Affairs and Welfare </td> <td>Jorge Bustos </td></tr> <tr> <td>Visayas Development </td> <td>Lolita T. Javier </td></tr> <tr> <td>Ways and Means </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Joey_Salceda" title="Joey Salceda">Joey Salceda</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Welfare of Children </td> <td>Angelica Natasha Co </td></tr> <tr> <td>Women and Gender Equality </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Geraldine_Roman" title="Geraldine Roman">Geraldine Roman</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Youth And Sports Development </td> <td>Faustino Michael Carlos T. Dy III </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Latest_election">Latest election</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=House_of_Representatives_of_the_Philippines&action=edit&section=33" title="Edit section: Latest election"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/2022_Philippine_House_of_Representatives_elections" title="2022 Philippine House of Representatives elections">2022 Philippine House of Representatives elections</a></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Elections_at_congressional_districts">Elections at congressional districts</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=House_of_Representatives_of_the_Philippines&action=edit&section=34" title="Edit section: Elections at congressional districts"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable sortable"><caption></caption><tbody><tr><th colspan="7" style="text-align:center;color:black;background:#F8F9FA"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:2022_Philippine_House_of_Representatives_elections_results.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/94/2022_Philippine_House_of_Representatives_elections_results.svg/358px-2022_Philippine_House_of_Representatives_elections_results.svg.png" decoding="async" width="358" height="216" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/94/2022_Philippine_House_of_Representatives_elections_results.svg/537px-2022_Philippine_House_of_Representatives_elections_results.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/94/2022_Philippine_House_of_Representatives_elections_results.svg/716px-2022_Philippine_House_of_Representatives_elections_results.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="358" data-file-height="216" /></a></span></th></tr><tr><th scope="col" colspan="2">Party</th><th scope="col">Votes</th><th scope="col">%</th><th scope="col">+/–</th><th scope="col">Seats</th><th scope="col">+/–</th></tr><tr><td style="width:0px;background-color:#ffd700"></td><td><a href="/wiki/PDP%E2%80%93Laban" class="mw-redirect" title="PDP–Laban">PDP–Laban</a></td><td style="text-align:right">10,950,696</td><td style="text-align:right">22.77</td><td style="text-align:right">−8.45</td><td style="text-align:right">66</td><td style="text-align:right">−16</td></tr><tr><td style="width:0px;background-color:#98fb98"></td><td><a href="/wiki/Nacionalista_Party" title="Nacionalista Party">Nacionalista Party</a></td><td style="text-align:right">6,610,876</td><td style="text-align:right">13.75</td><td style="text-align:right">−2.35</td><td style="text-align:right">36</td><td style="text-align:right">−6</td></tr><tr><td style="width:0px;background-color:#104a21"></td><td><a href="/wiki/National_Unity_Party_(Philippines)" title="National Unity Party (Philippines)">National Unity Party</a></td><td style="text-align:right">6,087,288</td><td style="text-align:right">12.66</td><td style="text-align:right">+3.15</td><td style="text-align:right">33</td><td style="text-align:right">+8</td></tr><tr><td style="width:0px;background-color:#4AA02C"></td><td><a href="/wiki/Nationalist_People%27s_Coalition" title="Nationalist People's Coalition">Nationalist People's Coalition</a></td><td style="text-align:right">5,637,211</td><td style="text-align:right">11.72</td><td style="text-align:right">−2.59</td><td style="text-align:right">35</td><td style="text-align:right">−2</td></tr><tr><td style="width:0px;background-color:#B0E0E6"></td><td><a href="/wiki/Lakas%E2%80%93CMD" title="Lakas–CMD">Lakas–CMD</a></td><td style="text-align:right">4,432,113</td><td style="text-align:right">9.22</td><td style="text-align:right">+4.11</td><td style="text-align:right">26</td><td style="text-align:right">+14</td></tr><tr><td style="width:0px;background-color:#f0e68c"></td><td><a href="/wiki/Liberal_Party_(Philippines)" title="Liberal Party (Philippines)">Liberal Party</a></td><td style="text-align:right">1,823,426</td><td style="text-align:right">3.79</td><td style="text-align:right">−1.94</td><td style="text-align:right">10</td><td style="text-align:right">−8</td></tr><tr><td style="width:0px;background-color:purple"></td><td><a href="/wiki/Hugpong_ng_Pagbabago" title="Hugpong ng Pagbabago">Hugpong ng Pagbabago</a></td><td style="text-align:right">1,223,815</td><td style="text-align:right">2.54</td><td style="text-align:right">+0.93</td><td style="text-align:right">6</td><td style="text-align:right">+3</td></tr><tr><td style="width:0px;background-color:#F08080"></td><td><a href="/wiki/People%27s_Reform_Party" title="People's Reform Party">People's Reform Party</a></td><td style="text-align:right">942,719</td><td style="text-align:right">1.96</td><td style="text-align:right">+1.62</td><td style="text-align:right">3</td><td style="text-align:right">+2</td></tr><tr><td style="width:0px;background-color:#9683EC"></td><td><a href="/wiki/Aksyon_Demokratiko" title="Aksyon Demokratiko">Aksyon Demokratiko</a></td><td style="text-align:right">868,668</td><td style="text-align:right">1.81</td><td style="text-align:right">+0.83</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td></tr><tr><td style="width:0px;background-color:#000000"></td><td><a href="/wiki/Partido_Pilipino_sa_Pagbabago" title="Partido Pilipino sa Pagbabago">Partido Pilipino sa Pagbabago</a></td><td style="text-align:right">503,827</td><td style="text-align:right">1.05</td><td style="text-align:right">New</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td></tr><tr><td style="width:0px;background-color:#cc0000"></td><td><a href="/wiki/Partido_para_sa_Demokratikong_Reporma" title="Partido para sa Demokratikong Reporma">Partido para sa Demokratikong Reporma</a></td><td style="text-align:right">478,031</td><td style="text-align:right">0.99</td><td style="text-align:right">New</td><td style="text-align:right">2</td><td style="text-align:right">New</td></tr><tr><td style="width:0px;background-color:#0D5F31"></td><td><a href="/wiki/Partido_Federal_ng_Pilipinas" title="Partido Federal ng Pilipinas">Partido Federal ng Pilipinas</a></td><td style="text-align:right">458,038</td><td style="text-align:right">0.95</td><td style="text-align:right">−1.43</td><td style="text-align:right">2</td><td style="text-align:right">−3</td></tr><tr><td style="width:0px;background-color:#B10305"></td><td><a href="/wiki/Pederalismo_ng_Dugong_Dakilang_Samahan" title="Pederalismo ng Dugong Dakilang Samahan">Pederalismo ng Dugong Dakilang Samahan</a></td><td style="text-align:right">426,451</td><td style="text-align:right">0.89</td><td style="text-align:right">+0.25</td><td style="text-align:right">2</td><td style="text-align:right">New</td></tr><tr><td style="width:0px;background-color:purple"></td><td><a href="/wiki/National_Unity_Party_(Philippines)" title="National Unity Party (Philippines)">National Unity Party</a>/<a href="/wiki/One_Cebu" title="One Cebu">One Cebu</a></td><td style="text-align:right">423,818</td><td style="text-align:right">0.88</td><td style="text-align:right">New</td><td style="text-align:right">2</td><td style="text-align:right">New</td></tr><tr><td style="width:0px;background-color:#0000CD"></td><td><a href="/wiki/Laban_ng_Demokratikong_Pilipino" title="Laban ng Demokratikong Pilipino">Laban ng Demokratikong Pilipino</a></td><td style="text-align:right">373,988</td><td style="text-align:right">0.78</td><td style="text-align:right">+0.16</td><td style="text-align:right">1</td><td style="text-align:right">−1</td></tr><tr><td style="width:0px;background-color:purple"></td><td><a href="/wiki/Bukidnon_Paglaum" title="Bukidnon Paglaum">Bukidnon Paglaum</a></td><td style="text-align:right">336,266</td><td style="text-align:right">0.70</td><td style="text-align:right">−0.13</td><td style="text-align:right">2</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td></tr><tr><td style="width:0px;background-color:purple"></td><td>Unang Sigaw ng Nueva Ecija</td><td style="text-align:right">313,521</td><td style="text-align:right">0.65</td><td style="text-align:right">+0.35</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td></tr><tr><td style="width:0px;background-color:purple"></td><td><a href="/wiki/United_Bangsamoro_Justice_Party" title="United Bangsamoro Justice Party">United Bangsamoro Justice Party</a></td><td style="text-align:right">292,110</td><td style="text-align:right">0.61</td><td style="text-align:right">New</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td></tr><tr><td style="width:0px;background-color:#000040"></td><td><a href="/wiki/PROMDI" title="PROMDI">PROMDI</a></td><td style="text-align:right">288,049</td><td style="text-align:right">0.60</td><td style="text-align:right">New</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td></tr><tr><td style="width:0px;background-color:purple"></td><td><a href="/wiki/National_Unity_Party_(Philippines)" title="National Unity Party (Philippines)">National Unity Party</a>/<a href="/wiki/United_Negros_Alliance" title="United Negros Alliance">United Negros Alliance</a></td><td style="text-align:right">254,355</td><td style="text-align:right">0.53</td><td style="text-align:right">New</td><td style="text-align:right">2</td><td style="text-align:right">New</td></tr><tr><td style="width:0px;background-color:purple"></td><td><a href="/wiki/Padayon_Pilipino" title="Padayon Pilipino">Padayon Pilipino</a></td><td style="text-align:right">245,206</td><td style="text-align:right">0.51</td><td style="text-align:right">+0.27</td><td style="text-align:right">2</td><td style="text-align:right">New</td></tr><tr><td style="width:0px;background-color:purple"></td><td><a href="/wiki/Aksyon_Demokratiko" title="Aksyon Demokratiko">Aksyon Demokratiko</a>/<a href="/wiki/Asenso_Manile%C3%B1o" title="Asenso Manileño">Asenso Manileño</a></td><td style="text-align:right">240,559</td><td style="text-align:right">0.50</td><td style="text-align:right">New</td><td style="text-align:right">3</td><td style="text-align:right">New</td></tr><tr><td style="width:0px;background-color:#FE0000"></td><td><a href="/wiki/Kilusang_Bagong_Lipunan" title="Kilusang Bagong Lipunan">Kilusang Bagong Lipunan</a></td><td style="text-align:right">213,950</td><td style="text-align:right">0.44</td><td style="text-align:right">+0.36</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td></tr><tr><td style="width:0px;background-color:purple"></td><td><a href="/wiki/People%27s_Champ_Movement" title="People's Champ Movement">People's Champ Movement</a></td><td style="text-align:right">204,076</td><td style="text-align:right">0.42</td><td style="text-align:right">New</td><td style="text-align:right">1</td><td style="text-align:right">New</td></tr><tr><td style="width:0px;background-color:purple"></td><td><a href="/wiki/Nacionalista_Party" title="Nacionalista Party">Nacionalista Party</a>/<a href="/wiki/Bileg_Ti_Ilokano" class="mw-redirect" title="Bileg Ti Ilokano">Bileg Ti Ilokano</a></td><td style="text-align:right">201,418</td><td style="text-align:right">0.42</td><td style="text-align:right">New</td><td style="text-align:right">1</td><td style="text-align:right">New</td></tr><tr><td style="width:0px;background-color:#104a21"></td><td><a href="/wiki/National_Unity_Party_(Philippines)" title="National Unity Party (Philippines)">National Unity Party</a>/<a href="/wiki/Asenso_Manile%C3%B1o" title="Asenso Manileño">Asenso Manileño</a></td><td style="text-align:right">165,577</td><td style="text-align:right">0.34</td><td style="text-align:right">New</td><td style="text-align:right">2</td><td style="text-align:right">New</td></tr><tr><td style="width:0px;background-color:purple"></td><td><a href="/wiki/Sulong_Zambales_Party" title="Sulong Zambales Party">Sulong Zambales Party</a></td><td style="text-align:right">144,060</td><td style="text-align:right">0.30</td><td style="text-align:right">New</td><td style="text-align:right">1</td><td style="text-align:right">New</td></tr><tr><td style="width:0px;background-color:purple"></td><td>Mindoro bago Sarili</td><td style="text-align:right">142,095</td><td style="text-align:right">0.30</td><td style="text-align:right">New</td><td style="text-align:right">1</td><td style="text-align:right">New</td></tr><tr><td style="width:0px;background-color:purple"></td><td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Basilan_Unity_Party&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Basilan Unity Party (page does not exist)">Basilan Unity Party</a></td><td style="text-align:right">137,976</td><td style="text-align:right">0.29</td><td style="text-align:right">New</td><td style="text-align:right">1</td><td style="text-align:right">New</td></tr><tr><td style="width:0px;background-color:#0067B4"></td><td><a href="/wiki/Centrist_Democratic_Party_of_the_Philippines" title="Centrist Democratic Party of the Philippines">Centrist Democratic Party of the Philippines</a></td><td style="text-align:right">128,134</td><td style="text-align:right">0.27</td><td style="text-align:right">+0.07</td><td style="text-align:right">1</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td></tr><tr><td style="width:0px;background-color:purple"></td><td>United Benguet Party</td><td style="text-align:right">123,801</td><td style="text-align:right">0.26</td><td style="text-align:right">New</td><td style="text-align:right">1</td><td style="text-align:right">New</td></tr><tr><td style="width:0px;background-color:#2B7344"></td><td>Partido Pederal ng Maharlika</td><td style="text-align:right">104,588</td><td style="text-align:right">0.22</td><td style="text-align:right">New</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td></tr><tr><td style="width:0px;background-color:#E80A00"></td><td><a href="/wiki/Bigkis_Pinoy_Movement" title="Bigkis Pinoy Movement">Bigkis Pinoy Movement</a></td><td style="text-align:right">94,571</td><td style="text-align:right">0.20</td><td style="text-align:right">New</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td></tr><tr><td style="width:0px;background-color:purple"></td><td><a href="/wiki/Nationalist_People%27s_Coalition" title="Nationalist People's Coalition">Nationalist People's Coalition</a>/<a href="/wiki/Asenso_Manile%C3%B1o" title="Asenso Manileño">Asenso Manileño</a></td><td style="text-align:right">90,075</td><td style="text-align:right">0.19</td><td style="text-align:right">New</td><td style="text-align:right">1</td><td style="text-align:right">New</td></tr><tr><td style="width:0px;background-color:purple"></td><td><a href="/wiki/Partido_Navote%C3%B1o" title="Partido Navoteño">Partido Navoteño</a></td><td style="text-align:right">79,505</td><td style="text-align:right">0.17</td><td style="text-align:right">−0.03</td><td style="text-align:right">1</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td></tr><tr><td style="width:0px;background-color:#CD5C5C"></td><td><a href="/wiki/Partido_Demokratiko_Sosyalista_ng_Pilipinas" title="Partido Demokratiko Sosyalista ng Pilipinas">Partido Demokratiko Sosyalista ng Pilipinas</a></td><td style="text-align:right">78,029</td><td style="text-align:right">0.16</td><td style="text-align:right">+0.02</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td></tr><tr><td style="width:0px;background-color:purple"></td><td><a href="/wiki/Lakas%E2%80%93CMD" title="Lakas–CMD">Lakas–CMD</a>/<a href="/wiki/United_Negros_Alliance" title="United Negros Alliance">United Negros Alliance</a></td><td style="text-align:right">76,115</td><td style="text-align:right">0.16</td><td style="text-align:right">New</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td><td style="text-align:right">New</td></tr><tr><td style="width:0px;background-color:purple"></td><td><a href="/wiki/Hugpong_sa_Tawong_Lungsod" title="Hugpong sa Tawong Lungsod">Hugpong sa Tawong Lungsod</a></td><td style="text-align:right">73,796</td><td style="text-align:right">0.15</td><td style="text-align:right">−0.34</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td><td style="text-align:right">−1</td></tr><tr><td style="width:0px;background-color:purple"></td><td>Adelante Zamboanga Party</td><td style="text-align:right">73,785</td><td style="text-align:right">0.15</td><td style="text-align:right">+0.08</td><td style="text-align:right">1</td><td style="text-align:right">New</td></tr><tr><td style="width:0px;background-color:purple"></td><td>Samahang Kaagapay ng Agilang Pilipino</td><td style="text-align:right">73,346</td><td style="text-align:right">0.15</td><td style="text-align:right">New</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td></tr><tr><td style="width:0px;background-color:purple"></td><td><a href="/wiki/Partidong_Pagbabago_ng_Palawan" title="Partidong Pagbabago ng Palawan">Partidong Pagbabago ng Palawan</a></td><td style="text-align:right">71,986</td><td style="text-align:right">0.15</td><td style="text-align:right">−0.31</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td><td style="text-align:right">−2</td></tr><tr><td style="width:0px;background-color:#0000CD"></td><td><a href="/wiki/Reform_Party_(Philippines)" title="Reform Party (Philippines)">Reform Party</a></td><td style="text-align:right">70,116</td><td style="text-align:right">0.15</td><td style="text-align:right">New</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td></tr><tr><td style="width:0px;background-color:#FE4D00"></td><td><a href="/wiki/United_Nationalist_Alliance" title="United Nationalist Alliance">United Nationalist Alliance</a></td><td style="text-align:right">68,572</td><td style="text-align:right">0.14</td><td style="text-align:right">−0.43</td><td style="text-align:right">1</td><td style="text-align:right">New</td></tr><tr><td style="width:0px;background-color:#DA1884"></td><td>Partido Prosperidad y Amor para na Zamboanga</td><td style="text-align:right">67,133</td><td style="text-align:right">0.14</td><td style="text-align:right">New</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td></tr><tr><td style="width:0px;background-color:purple"></td><td><a href="/wiki/Lingkod_ng_Mamamayan_ng_Valenzuela_City" title="Lingkod ng Mamamayan ng Valenzuela City">Lingkod ng Mamamayan ng Valenzuela City</a></td><td style="text-align:right">50,599</td><td style="text-align:right">0.11</td><td style="text-align:right">New</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td></tr><tr><td style="width:0px;background-color:#00039F"></td><td><a href="/wiki/Labor_Party_Philippines" title="Labor Party Philippines">Labor Party Philippines</a></td><td style="text-align:right">50,150</td><td style="text-align:right">0.10</td><td style="text-align:right">+0.08</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td></tr><tr><td style="width:0px;background-color:purple"></td><td><a href="/wiki/Achievers_with_Integrity_Movement" title="Achievers with Integrity Movement">Achievers with Integrity Movement</a></td><td style="text-align:right">48,462</td><td style="text-align:right">0.10</td><td style="text-align:right">New</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td></tr><tr><td style="width:0px;background-color:purple"></td><td><a href="/wiki/PDP%E2%80%93Laban" class="mw-redirect" title="PDP–Laban">PDP–Laban</a>/Partido Siquijodnon</td><td style="text-align:right">33,989</td><td style="text-align:right">0.07</td><td style="text-align:right">New</td><td style="text-align:right">1</td><td style="text-align:right">New</td></tr><tr><td style="width:0px;background-color:purple"></td><td>Ummah Party</td><td style="text-align:right">29,043</td><td style="text-align:right">0.06</td><td style="text-align:right">New</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td></tr><tr><td style="width:0px;background-color:#003C74"></td><td><a href="/wiki/Ang_Kapatiran" title="Ang Kapatiran">Ang Kapatiran</a></td><td style="text-align:right">17,484</td><td style="text-align:right">0.04</td><td style="text-align:right">New</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td></tr><tr><td style="width:0px;background-color:#ffa500"></td><td><a href="/wiki/Pwersa_ng_Masang_Pilipino" title="Pwersa ng Masang Pilipino">Pwersa ng Masang Pilipino</a></td><td style="text-align:right">10,642</td><td style="text-align:right">0.02</td><td style="text-align:right">−0.96</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td><td style="text-align:right">−1</td></tr><tr><td style="width:0px;background-color:#BE2D32"></td><td><a href="/wiki/Partido_Lakas_ng_Masa" title="Partido Lakas ng Masa">Partido Lakas ng Masa</a></td><td style="text-align:right">5,223</td><td style="text-align:right">0.01</td><td style="text-align:right">New</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td></tr><tr><td style="width:0px;background-color:#39944A"></td><td><a href="/wiki/Philippine_Green_Republican_Party" title="Philippine Green Republican Party">Philippine Green Republican Party</a></td><td style="text-align:right">4,856</td><td style="text-align:right">0.01</td><td style="text-align:right">+0.01</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td></tr><tr><td style="width:0px;background-color:#E50A4D"></td><td><a href="/wiki/Katipunan_ng_Nagkakaisang_Pilipino" title="Katipunan ng Nagkakaisang Pilipino">Katipunan ng Nagkakaisang Pilipino</a></td><td style="text-align:right">4,370</td><td style="text-align:right">0.01</td><td style="text-align:right">−0.28</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td></tr><tr><td style="width:0px;background-color:#D2691E"></td><td><a href="/wiki/Katipunan_ng_Kamalayang_Kayumanggi" title="Katipunan ng Kamalayang Kayumanggi">Katipunan ng Kamalayang Kayumanggi</a></td><td style="text-align:right">2,295</td><td style="text-align:right">0.00</td><td style="text-align:right">New</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td></tr><tr><td style="width:0px;background-color:#EB0304"></td><td><a href="/wiki/Bagumbayan%E2%80%93VNP" title="Bagumbayan–VNP">Bagumbayan–VNP</a></td><td style="text-align:right">1,607</td><td style="text-align:right">0.00</td><td style="text-align:right">−0.08</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td></tr><tr><td style="width:0px;background-color:#DCDCDC"></td><td>Independent</td><td style="text-align:right">2,137,093</td><td style="text-align:right">4.44</td><td style="text-align:right">−0.53</td><td style="text-align:right">6</td><td style="text-align:right">+4</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Party-list_representation_in_the_House_of_Representatives_of_the_Philippines" title="Party-list representation in the House of Representatives of the Philippines">Party-list seats</a></td><td colspan="3"></td><td style="text-align:right">63</td><td style="text-align:right">+2</td></tr><tr class="sortbottom" style="font-weight:bold"><td colspan="2">Total</td><td style="text-align:right">48,089,548</td><td style="text-align:right">100.00</td><td style="text-align:right">–</td><td style="text-align:right">316</td><td style="text-align:right">+12</td></tr><tr class="sortbottom"><td colspan="7" style="color:black;background:#eaecf0"></td></tr><tr class="sortbottom" style="text-align:right"><th scope="row" colspan="2" style="text-align:left;font-weight:normal;color:inherit;background:inherit">Valid votes</th><td>48,089,548</td><td>86.98</td><td>+0.64</td><td colspan="2"></td></tr><tr class="sortbottom" style="text-align:right"><th scope="row" colspan="2" style="text-align:left;font-weight:normal;color:inherit;background:inherit">Invalid/blank votes</th><td>7,201,273</td><td>13.02</td><td>−0.64</td><td colspan="2"></td></tr><tr class="sortbottom" style="font-weight:bold;text-align:right"><th scope="row" colspan="2" style="text-align:left;background:inherit;color:inherit">Total votes</th><td>55,290,821</td><td>100.00</td><td>–</td><td colspan="2"></td></tr><tr class="sortbottom" style="text-align:right"><th scope="row" colspan="2" style="text-align:left;font-weight:normal;color:inherit;background:inherit">Registered voters/turnout</th><td>65,745,526</td><td>84.10</td><td>+8.20</td><td colspan="2"></td></tr><tr class="sortbottom" style="text-align:right"><td colspan="7" style="text-align:left">Source: COMELEC (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://2022electionresults.comelec.gov.ph/#/coc/0">Results per individual province/city</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://comelec.gov.ph/?r=2022NLE/Statistics/2022RVVAVmcocfinal">election day turnout</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://comelec.gov.ph/?r=2022NLE/Statistics/2022OAVLAV">absentee turnout</a></td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Party-list_election">Party-list election</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=House_of_Representatives_of_the_Philippines&action=edit&section=35" title="Edit section: Party-list election"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable sortable"><caption></caption><tbody><tr><th scope="col" colspan="2">Party</th><th scope="col">Votes</th><th scope="col">%</th><th scope="col">+/–</th><th scope="col">Seats</th><th scope="col">+/–</th></tr><tr><td style="width:0px;background-color:#97111A"></td><td><a href="/wiki/ACT-CIS_Partylist" title="ACT-CIS Partylist">ACT-CIS Partylist</a></td><td style="text-align:right">2,111,091</td><td style="text-align:right">5.74</td><td style="text-align:right">−3.77</td><td style="text-align:right">3</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td></tr><tr><td style="width:0px;background-color:#F38F1F"></td><td><a href="/wiki/Ang_Buklod_ng_mga_Motorista_ng_Pilipinas" class="mw-redirect" title="Ang Buklod ng mga Motorista ng Pilipinas">Ang Buklod ng mga Motorista ng Pilipinas</a></td><td style="text-align:right">1,001,243</td><td style="text-align:right">2.72</td><td style="text-align:right">New</td><td style="text-align:right">2</td><td style="text-align:right">New</td></tr><tr><td style="width:0px;background-color:#2C3489"></td><td><a href="/wiki/Tingog_Sinirangan" class="mw-redirect" title="Tingog Sinirangan">Tingog Sinirangan</a></td><td style="text-align:right">886,959</td><td style="text-align:right">2.41</td><td style="text-align:right">+1.01</td><td style="text-align:right">2</td><td style="text-align:right">+1</td></tr><tr><td style="width:0px;background-color:#002E8D"></td><td><a href="/wiki/4Ps_Party-list" title="4Ps Party-list">4Ps Party-list</a></td><td style="text-align:right">848,237</td><td style="text-align:right">2.30</td><td style="text-align:right">New</td><td style="text-align:right">2</td><td style="text-align:right">New</td></tr><tr><td style="width:0px;background-color:#ffff00"></td><td><a href="/wiki/Ako_Bicol_Political_Party" class="mw-redirect" title="Ako Bicol Political Party">Ako Bicol Political Party</a></td><td style="text-align:right">816,445</td><td style="text-align:right">2.22</td><td style="text-align:right">−1.54</td><td style="text-align:right">2</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td></tr><tr><td style="width:0px;background-color:#E20C0C"></td><td><a href="/wiki/SAGIP_Partylist" title="SAGIP Partylist">SAGIP Partylist</a></td><td style="text-align:right">780,456</td><td style="text-align:right">2.12</td><td style="text-align:right">+1.20</td><td style="text-align:right">2</td><td style="text-align:right">+1</td></tr><tr><td style="width:0px;background-color:#105CE4"></td><td><a href="/wiki/Ang_Probinsyano_Party-list" title="Ang Probinsyano Party-list">Ang Probinsyano Party-list</a></td><td style="text-align:right">714,634</td><td style="text-align:right">1.94</td><td style="text-align:right">−0.82</td><td style="text-align:right">1</td><td style="text-align:right">−1</td></tr><tr><td style="width:0px;background-color:#f5181d"></td><td><a href="/wiki/Uswag_Ilonggo_Party" class="mw-redirect" title="Uswag Ilonggo Party">Uswag Ilonggo Party</a></td><td style="text-align:right">689,607</td><td style="text-align:right">1.87</td><td style="text-align:right">New</td><td style="text-align:right">1</td><td style="text-align:right">New</td></tr><tr><td style="width:0px;background-color:#F38F1F"></td><td><a href="/wiki/Tutok_To_Win_Party-List" title="Tutok To Win Party-List">Tutok To Win Party-List</a></td><td style="text-align:right">685,578</td><td style="text-align:right">1.86</td><td style="text-align:right">New</td><td style="text-align:right">1</td><td style="text-align:right">New</td></tr><tr><td style="width:0px;background-color:#FDCD01"></td><td><a href="/wiki/Citizens%27_Battle_Against_Corruption" title="Citizens' Battle Against Corruption">Citizens' Battle Against Corruption</a></td><td style="text-align:right">637,044</td><td style="text-align:right">1.73</td><td style="text-align:right">−1.60</td><td style="text-align:right">1</td><td style="text-align:right">−1</td></tr><tr><td style="width:0px;background-color:#0171BD"></td><td><a href="/wiki/Senior_Citizens_Partylist" title="Senior Citizens Partylist">Senior Citizens Partylist</a></td><td style="text-align:right">614,671</td><td style="text-align:right">1.67</td><td style="text-align:right">−0.18</td><td style="text-align:right">1</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td></tr><tr><td style="width:0px;background-color:#0101FE"></td><td><a href="/wiki/Duterte_Youth" title="Duterte Youth">Duterte Youth</a></td><td style="text-align:right">602,196</td><td style="text-align:right">1.64</td><td style="text-align:right">+0.37</td><td style="text-align:right">1</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td></tr><tr><td style="width:0px;background-color:#EE2024"></td><td><a href="/wiki/Agimat_ng_Masa" class="mw-redirect" title="Agimat ng Masa">Agimat ng Masa</a></td><td style="text-align:right">586,909</td><td style="text-align:right">1.59</td><td style="text-align:right">New</td><td style="text-align:right">1</td><td style="text-align:right">New</td></tr><tr><td style="width:0px;background-color:#00008b"></td><td><a href="/wiki/Kabataan_Partylist" class="mw-redirect" title="Kabataan Partylist">Kabataan Partylist</a></td><td style="text-align:right">536,690</td><td style="text-align:right">1.46</td><td style="text-align:right">+0.76</td><td style="text-align:right">1</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td></tr><tr><td style="width:0px;background-color:#F8F9FA"></td><td>Agrikultura Ngayon Gawing Akma at Tama</td><td style="text-align:right">530,485</td><td style="text-align:right">1.44</td><td style="text-align:right">New</td><td style="text-align:right">1</td><td style="text-align:right">New</td></tr><tr><td style="width:0px;background-color:#080E7C"></td><td><a href="/wiki/Marino_Party_List" title="Marino Party List">Marino Samahan ng mga Seaman</a></td><td style="text-align:right">530,382</td><td style="text-align:right">1.44</td><td style="text-align:right">−1.00</td><td style="text-align:right">1</td><td style="text-align:right">−1</td></tr><tr><td style="width:0px;background-color:#041193"></td><td><a href="/wiki/Ako_Bisaya" title="Ako Bisaya">Ako Bisaya</a></td><td style="text-align:right">512,795</td><td style="text-align:right">1.39</td><td style="text-align:right">−0.02</td><td style="text-align:right">1</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td></tr><tr><td style="width:0px;background-color:green"></td><td><a href="/wiki/Probinsyano_Ako" title="Probinsyano Ako">Probinsyano Ako</a></td><td style="text-align:right">471,904</td><td style="text-align:right">1.28</td><td style="text-align:right">−0.98</td><td style="text-align:right">1</td><td style="text-align:right">−1</td></tr><tr><td style="width:0px;background-color:#FDF240"></td><td>LPG Marketers Association</td><td style="text-align:right">453,895</td><td style="text-align:right">1.23</td><td style="text-align:right">+0.48</td><td style="text-align:right">1</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td></tr><tr><td style="width:0px;background-color:#D21404"></td><td>Abante Pangasinan-Ilokano Party</td><td style="text-align:right">451,372</td><td style="text-align:right">1.23</td><td style="text-align:right">New</td><td style="text-align:right">1</td><td style="text-align:right">New</td></tr><tr><td style="width:0px;background-color:#800080"></td><td><a href="/wiki/Gabriela_Women%27s_Party" title="Gabriela Women's Party">Gabriela Women's Party</a></td><td style="text-align:right">423,891</td><td style="text-align:right">1.15</td><td style="text-align:right">−0.46</td><td style="text-align:right">1</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td></tr><tr><td style="width:0px;background-color:#E7600E"></td><td><a href="/wiki/Construction_Workers_Solidarity" title="Construction Workers Solidarity">Construction Workers Solidarity</a></td><td style="text-align:right">412,333</td><td style="text-align:right">1.12</td><td style="text-align:right">+0.12</td><td style="text-align:right">1</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td></tr><tr><td style="width:0px;background-color:#F8F9FA"></td><td>Agri-Agra na Reporma para sa Magsasaka ng Pilipinas</td><td style="text-align:right">393,987</td><td style="text-align:right">1.07</td><td style="text-align:right">+0.59</td><td style="text-align:right">1</td><td style="text-align:right">+1</td></tr><tr><td style="width:0px;background-color:#FBB109"></td><td><a href="/wiki/P3PWD_Party_List" class="mw-redirect" title="P3PWD Party List">P3PWD Party List</a></td><td style="text-align:right">391,174</td><td style="text-align:right">1.06</td><td style="text-align:right">New</td><td style="text-align:right">1</td><td style="text-align:right">New</td></tr><tr><td style="width:0px;background-color:#F8F9FA"></td><td>Ako Ilocano Ako</td><td style="text-align:right">387,086</td><td style="text-align:right">1.05</td><td style="text-align:right">New</td><td style="text-align:right">1</td><td style="text-align:right">New</td></tr><tr><td style="width:0px;background-color:green"></td><td><a href="/wiki/Kusug_Tausug" title="Kusug Tausug">Kusug Tausug</a></td><td style="text-align:right">385,770</td><td style="text-align:right">1.05</td><td style="text-align:right">+0.23</td><td style="text-align:right">1</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td></tr><tr><td style="width:0px;background-color:#006400"></td><td><a href="/wiki/An_Waray" title="An Waray">An Waray</a><sup id="cite_ref-Anwaray_44-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Anwaray-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>a<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td><td style="text-align:right">385,460</td><td style="text-align:right">1.05</td><td style="text-align:right">−0.54</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td></tr><tr><td style="width:0px;background-color:#F71882"></td><td>Kalinga-Advocacy for Social Empowerment and Nation-Building Through Easing Poverty</td><td style="text-align:right">374,308</td><td style="text-align:right">1.02</td><td style="text-align:right">−0.20</td><td style="text-align:right">1</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td></tr><tr><td style="width:0px;background-color:#195F07"></td><td><a href="/wiki/Agricultural_Sector_Alliance_of_the_Philippines" class="mw-redirect" title="Agricultural Sector Alliance of the Philippines">Agricultural Sector Alliance of the Philippines</a></td><td style="text-align:right">367,533</td><td style="text-align:right">1.00</td><td style="text-align:right">+0.25</td><td style="text-align:right">1</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td></tr><tr><td style="width:0px;background-color:#ED0006"></td><td><a href="/wiki/Coop-NATCCO" title="Coop-NATCCO">Coop-NATCCO</a></td><td style="text-align:right">346,341</td><td style="text-align:right">0.94</td><td style="text-align:right">−0.56</td><td style="text-align:right">1</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td></tr><tr><td style="width:0px;background-color:#F8F9FA"></td><td>Malasakit at Bayanihan Foundation</td><td style="text-align:right">345,199</td><td style="text-align:right">0.94</td><td style="text-align:right">New</td><td style="text-align:right">1</td><td style="text-align:right">New</td></tr><tr><td style="width:0px;background-color:#FF8424"></td><td>Barangay Health Wellness</td><td style="text-align:right">335,598</td><td style="text-align:right">0.91</td><td style="text-align:right">−0.06</td><td style="text-align:right">1</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td></tr><tr><td style="width:0px;background-color:#E81D21"></td><td>Galing sa Puso Party</td><td style="text-align:right">333,817</td><td style="text-align:right">0.91</td><td style="text-align:right">+0.02</td><td style="text-align:right">1</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td></tr><tr><td style="width:0px;background-color:#E02C0D"></td><td><a href="/wiki/Bagong_Henerasyon" title="Bagong Henerasyon">Bagong Henerasyon</a></td><td style="text-align:right">330,937</td><td style="text-align:right">0.90</td><td style="text-align:right">−0.14</td><td style="text-align:right">1</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td></tr><tr><td style="width:0px;background-color:#ADD8E6"></td><td><a href="/wiki/ACT_Teachers_Partylist" class="mw-redirect" title="ACT Teachers Partylist">ACT Teachers Partylist</a></td><td style="text-align:right">330,529</td><td style="text-align:right">0.90</td><td style="text-align:right">−0.52</td><td style="text-align:right">1</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td></tr><tr><td style="width:0px;background-color:#FE0102"></td><td>Talino at Galing ng Pinoy</td><td style="text-align:right">327,912</td><td style="text-align:right">0.89</td><td style="text-align:right">+0.11</td><td style="text-align:right">1</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td></tr><tr><td style="width:0px;background-color:#0000FF"></td><td><a href="/wiki/Bicol_Saro" title="Bicol Saro">Bicol Saro</a></td><td style="text-align:right">325,371</td><td style="text-align:right">0.88</td><td style="text-align:right">New</td><td style="text-align:right">1</td><td style="text-align:right">New</td></tr><tr><td style="width:0px;background-color:#F8F9FA"></td><td>United Senior Citizens Koalition ng Pilipinas<sup id="cite_ref-USC_47-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-USC-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>b<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td><td style="text-align:right">320,627</td><td style="text-align:right">0.87</td><td style="text-align:right">New</td><td style="text-align:right">1</td><td style="text-align:right">New</td></tr><tr><td style="width:0px;background-color:#0B9444"></td><td>Dumper Philippines Taxi Drivers Association</td><td style="text-align:right">314,618</td><td style="text-align:right">0.85</td><td style="text-align:right">+0.05</td><td style="text-align:right">1</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td></tr><tr><td style="width:0px;background-color:#F8F9FA"></td><td>Pinatatag na Ugnayan para sa mga Oportunidad sa Pabahay ng Masa</td><td style="text-align:right">299,990</td><td style="text-align:right">0.82</td><td style="text-align:right">New</td><td style="text-align:right">1</td><td style="text-align:right">New</td></tr><tr><td style="width:0px;background-color:#1b441c"></td><td><a href="/wiki/Abang_Lingkod" title="Abang Lingkod">Abang Lingkod</a></td><td style="text-align:right">296,800</td><td style="text-align:right">0.81</td><td style="text-align:right">−0.18</td><td style="text-align:right">1</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td></tr><tr><td style="width:0px;background-color:#040BED"></td><td><a href="/wiki/PBA_Partylist" title="PBA Partylist">PBA Partylist</a></td><td style="text-align:right">294,619</td><td style="text-align:right">0.80</td><td style="text-align:right">−0.37</td><td style="text-align:right">1</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td></tr><tr><td style="width:0px;background-color:#F8F9FA"></td><td>One Filipinos Worldwide Coalition Partylist</td><td style="text-align:right">293,301</td><td style="text-align:right">0.80</td><td style="text-align:right">New</td><td style="text-align:right">1</td><td style="text-align:right">New</td></tr><tr><td style="width:0px;background-color:#EEE234"></td><td><a href="/wiki/Abono_Partylist" title="Abono Partylist">Abono Partylist</a></td><td style="text-align:right">288,752</td><td style="text-align:right">0.78</td><td style="text-align:right">−0.58</td><td style="text-align:right">1</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td></tr><tr><td style="width:0px;background-color:#FEC401"></td><td><a href="/wiki/Anakalusugan" title="Anakalusugan">Anakalusugan</a></td><td style="text-align:right">281,512</td><td style="text-align:right">0.76</td><td style="text-align:right">−0.09</td><td style="text-align:right">1</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td></tr><tr><td style="width:0px;background-color:#0682E3"></td><td><a href="/wiki/Kabalikat_ng_Mamamayan" title="Kabalikat ng Mamamayan">Kabalikat ng Mamamayan</a></td><td style="text-align:right">280,066</td><td style="text-align:right">0.76</td><td style="text-align:right">+0.05</td><td style="text-align:right">1</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td></tr><tr><td style="width:0px;background-color:#F8F9FA"></td><td><a href="/wiki/Magkakasama_sa_Sakahan_Kaunlaran" class="mw-redirect" title="Magkakasama sa Sakahan Kaunlaran">Magkakasama sa Sakahan Kaunlaran</a></td><td style="text-align:right">276,889</td><td style="text-align:right">0.75</td><td style="text-align:right">−1.03</td><td style="text-align:right">1</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td></tr><tr><td style="width:0px;background-color:#97111A"></td><td><a href="/wiki/One_Patriotic_Coalition_of_Marginalized_Nationals" class="mw-redirect" title="One Patriotic Coalition of Marginalized Nationals">One Patriotic Coalition of Marginalized Nationals</a></td><td style="text-align:right">273,195</td><td style="text-align:right">0.74</td><td style="text-align:right">−1.82</td><td style="text-align:right">1</td><td style="text-align:right">−1</td></tr><tr><td style="width:0px;background-color:#01017A"></td><td><a href="/wiki/APEC_Partylist" title="APEC Partylist">APEC Partylist</a></td><td style="text-align:right">271,380</td><td style="text-align:right">0.74</td><td style="text-align:right">−0.98</td><td style="text-align:right">1</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td></tr><tr><td style="width:0px;background-color:#F8F9FA"></td><td>Pusong Pinoy</td><td style="text-align:right">262,044</td><td style="text-align:right">0.71</td><td style="text-align:right">New</td><td style="text-align:right">1</td><td style="text-align:right">New</td></tr><tr><td style="width:0px;background-color:#EE1C25"></td><td><a href="/wiki/Trade_Union_Congress_Party" title="Trade Union Congress Party">Trade Union Congress Party</a></td><td style="text-align:right">260,779</td><td style="text-align:right">0.71</td><td style="text-align:right">−0.21</td><td style="text-align:right">1</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td></tr><tr><td style="width:0px;background-color:#201D6E"></td><td>Public Safety Alliance for Transformation and Rule of Law Inc.</td><td style="text-align:right">252,571</td><td style="text-align:right">0.69</td><td style="text-align:right">−0.09</td><td style="text-align:right">1</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td></tr><tr><td style="width:0px;background-color:#028D4A"></td><td>Manila Teacher's Savings and Loan Association</td><td style="text-align:right">249,525</td><td style="text-align:right">0.68</td><td style="text-align:right">−0.21</td><td style="text-align:right">1</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td></tr><tr><td style="width:0px;background-color:#FFD302"></td><td><a href="/wiki/AAMBIS-Owa_Party_List" title="AAMBIS-Owa Party List">AAMBIS-Owa Party List</a></td><td style="text-align:right">246,053</td><td style="text-align:right">0.67</td><td style="text-align:right">−0.17</td><td style="text-align:right">1</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td></tr><tr><td style="width:0px;background-color:#FF0101"></td><td><a href="/wiki/Philippine_Rural_Electric_Cooperatives_Association" class="mw-redirect" title="Philippine Rural Electric Cooperatives Association">Philippine Rural Electric Cooperatives Association</a></td><td style="text-align:right">243,487</td><td style="text-align:right">0.66</td><td style="text-align:right">−0.76</td><td style="text-align:right">1</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td></tr><tr><td style="width:0px;background-color:#FF018B"></td><td>Alliance of Organizations, Networks and Associations of the Philippines</td><td style="text-align:right">238,704</td><td style="text-align:right">0.65</td><td style="text-align:right">−0.50</td><td style="text-align:right">1</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td></tr><tr><td style="width:0px;background-color:#FE0000"></td><td><a href="/wiki/Akbayan" title="Akbayan">Akbayan</a><sup id="cite_ref-Akbayan_49-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Akbayan-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>c<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td><td style="text-align:right">236,226</td><td style="text-align:right">0.64</td><td style="text-align:right">+0.02</td><td style="text-align:right">1</td><td style="text-align:right">+1</td></tr><tr><td style="width:0px;background-color:#9D140C"></td><td>Democratic Independent Workers Association</td><td style="text-align:right">234,996</td><td style="text-align:right">0.64</td><td style="text-align:right">−0.06</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td><td style="text-align:right">−1</td></tr><tr><td style="width:0px;background-color:#F8F9FA"></td><td>Asenso Pinoy</td><td style="text-align:right">232,229</td><td style="text-align:right">0.63</td><td style="text-align:right">New</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td></tr><tr><td style="width:0px;background-color:#F8F9FA"></td><td>Mindanao Indigenous Conference for Peace and Development<sup id="cite_ref-TRO_51-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-TRO-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>d<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td><td style="text-align:right">230,315</td><td style="text-align:right">0.63</td><td style="text-align:right">New</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td></tr><tr><td style="width:0px;background-color:#F8F9FA"></td><td>Ang Pamilya Muna</td><td style="text-align:right">225,041</td><td style="text-align:right">0.61</td><td style="text-align:right">New</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td></tr><tr><td style="width:0px;background-color:#139847"></td><td><a href="/wiki/A_Teacher_Partylist" title="A Teacher Partylist">A Teacher Partylist</a></td><td style="text-align:right">221,327</td><td style="text-align:right">0.60</td><td style="text-align:right">−0.38</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td><td style="text-align:right">−1</td></tr><tr><td style="width:0px;background-color:#BF0C0C"></td><td><a href="/wiki/Bayan_Muna" title="Bayan Muna">Bayan Muna</a></td><td style="text-align:right">219,848</td><td style="text-align:right">0.60</td><td style="text-align:right">−3.41</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td><td style="text-align:right">−3</td></tr><tr><td style="width:0px;background-color:#F8F9FA"></td><td>1st Consumers Alliance for Rural Energy</td><td style="text-align:right">218,215</td><td style="text-align:right">0.59</td><td style="text-align:right">+0.13</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td></tr><tr><td style="width:0px;background-color:#F8F9FA"></td><td>You Against Corruption and Poverty</td><td style="text-align:right">214,694</td><td style="text-align:right">0.58</td><td style="text-align:right">−0.02</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td></tr><tr><td style="width:0px;background-color:#F8F9FA"></td><td>Kasama Regional Political Party</td><td style="text-align:right">213,539</td><td style="text-align:right">0.58</td><td style="text-align:right">New</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td></tr><tr><td style="width:0px;background-color:#F8F9FA"></td><td>Ako Bisdak - Bisayang Dako</td><td style="text-align:right">204,111</td><td style="text-align:right">0.55</td><td style="text-align:right">+0.37</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td></tr><tr><td style="width:0px;background-color:#F8F9FA"></td><td>Abante Sambayanan<sup id="cite_ref-TRO_51-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-TRO-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>d<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td><td style="text-align:right">201,961</td><td style="text-align:right">0.55</td><td style="text-align:right">New</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td></tr><tr><td style="width:0px;background-color:#F8F9FA"></td><td>Alliance of Public Transport Organization</td><td style="text-align:right">183,869</td><td style="text-align:right">0.50</td><td style="text-align:right">New</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td></tr><tr><td style="width:0px;background-color:#F8F9FA"></td><td>Nagkakaisang Pilipino para sa Pag-Angat ng Maralitang Manileño</td><td style="text-align:right">174,452</td><td style="text-align:right">0.47</td><td style="text-align:right">New</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td></tr><tr><td style="width:0px;background-color:#F8F9FA"></td><td>Towards Development and Action</td><td style="text-align:right">174,396</td><td style="text-align:right">0.47</td><td style="text-align:right">New</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td></tr><tr><td style="width:0px;background-color:#F8F9FA"></td><td>Advocates and Keepers Organization of OFWs</td><td style="text-align:right">169,177</td><td style="text-align:right">0.46</td><td style="text-align:right">New</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td></tr><tr><td style="width:0px;background-color:#F8F9FA"></td><td>Philippine National Police Retirees Association</td><td style="text-align:right">160,418</td><td style="text-align:right">0.44</td><td style="text-align:right">+0.15</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td></tr><tr><td style="width:0px;background-color:#F8F9FA"></td><td>Samahan ng Manggagawa sa Industriya ng Live Events</td><td style="text-align:right">158,245</td><td style="text-align:right">0.43</td><td style="text-align:right">New</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td></tr><tr><td style="width:0px;background-color:#F8F9FA"></td><td>Pamilyang Magsasaka</td><td style="text-align:right">158,034</td><td style="text-align:right">0.43</td><td style="text-align:right">New</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td></tr><tr><td style="width:0px;background-color:#F8F9FA"></td><td>Philippine Educators Alliance for Community Empowerment</td><td style="text-align:right">157,617</td><td style="text-align:right">0.43</td><td style="text-align:right">0.00</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td></tr><tr><td style="width:0px;background-color:#F8F9FA"></td><td>Bayaning Tsuper</td><td style="text-align:right">157,278</td><td style="text-align:right">0.43</td><td style="text-align:right">New</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td></tr><tr><td style="width:0px;background-color:#F8F9FA"></td><td>Acts Overseas Filipino Workers Coalition of Organizations</td><td style="text-align:right">155,072</td><td style="text-align:right">0.42</td><td style="text-align:right">−0.05</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td></tr><tr><td style="width:0px;background-color:#F8F9FA"></td><td>Pinagbuklod na Filipino para sa Bayan</td><td style="text-align:right">151,502</td><td style="text-align:right">0.41</td><td style="text-align:right">+0.34</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td></tr><tr><td style="width:0px;background-color:#F8F9FA"></td><td>Tulungan Tayo</td><td style="text-align:right">147,050</td><td style="text-align:right">0.40</td><td style="text-align:right">New</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td></tr><tr><td style="width:0px;background-color:#F8F9FA"></td><td>Filipino Rights Protection Advocates of Manila Movement</td><td style="text-align:right">144,969</td><td style="text-align:right">0.39</td><td style="text-align:right">New</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td></tr><tr><td style="width:0px;background-color:#018037"></td><td>Bahay para sa Pamilyang Pilipino</td><td style="text-align:right">142,676</td><td style="text-align:right">0.39</td><td style="text-align:right">−0.62</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td><td style="text-align:right">−1</td></tr><tr><td style="width:0px;background-color:#F8F9FA"></td><td>Tagapagtaguyod ng mga Reporma at Adhikaing Babalikat at Hahango sa mga Oportunidad para sa mga Pilipino</td><td style="text-align:right">138,973</td><td style="text-align:right">0.38</td><td style="text-align:right">New</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td></tr><tr><td style="width:0px;background-color:#DC332C"></td><td><a href="/wiki/Anak_Mindanao" title="Anak Mindanao">Anak Mindanao</a></td><td style="text-align:right">134,647</td><td style="text-align:right">0.37</td><td style="text-align:right">−0.39</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td><td style="text-align:right">−1</td></tr><tr><td style="width:0px;background-color:#9D83FF"></td><td>Ako Padayon Pilipino Party List</td><td style="text-align:right">132,222</td><td style="text-align:right">0.36</td><td style="text-align:right">−0.48</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td><td style="text-align:right">−1</td></tr><tr><td style="width:0px;background-color:#F8F9FA"></td><td>Cancer Alleviation Network on Care, Education and Rehabilitation</td><td style="text-align:right">128,284</td><td style="text-align:right">0.35</td><td style="text-align:right">New</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td></tr><tr><td style="width:0px;background-color:#F8F9FA"></td><td>Kalipunan ng Maralita at Malayang Mamamayan</td><td style="text-align:right">126,393</td><td style="text-align:right">0.34</td><td style="text-align:right">New</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td></tr><tr><td style="width:0px;background-color:#DC143C"></td><td><a href="/wiki/Magdalo_Party-List" title="Magdalo Party-List">Magdalo Party-List</a></td><td style="text-align:right">119,189</td><td style="text-align:right">0.32</td><td style="text-align:right">−0.59</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td><td style="text-align:right">−1</td></tr><tr><td style="width:0px;background-color:#F8F9FA"></td><td><a href="/wiki/PDP_Cares_Foundation" class="mw-redirect" title="PDP Cares Foundation">PDP Cares Foundation</a></td><td style="text-align:right">117,139</td><td style="text-align:right">0.32</td><td style="text-align:right">New</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td></tr><tr><td style="width:0px;background-color:#F8F9FA"></td><td>Rural Electric Consumers and Beneficiaries of Development and Advancement</td><td style="text-align:right">117,126</td><td style="text-align:right">0.32</td><td style="text-align:right">−0.82</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td><td style="text-align:right">−1</td></tr><tr><td style="width:0px;background-color:#F8F9FA"></td><td>Act as One Philippines</td><td style="text-align:right">116,173</td><td style="text-align:right">0.32</td><td style="text-align:right">New</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td></tr><tr><td style="width:0px;background-color:#F8F9FA"></td><td>Kooperatiba-Kapisanan ng Magsasaka ng Pilipinas</td><td style="text-align:right">114,587</td><td style="text-align:right">0.31</td><td style="text-align:right">+0.13</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td></tr><tr><td style="width:0px;background-color:#F8F9FA"></td><td>Walang Iwanan sa Free Internet Inc.</td><td style="text-align:right">113,971</td><td style="text-align:right">0.31</td><td style="text-align:right">New</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td></tr><tr><td style="width:0px;background-color:#F8F9FA"></td><td>Bisaya Gyud Party-List</td><td style="text-align:right">113,388</td><td style="text-align:right">0.31</td><td style="text-align:right">New</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td></tr><tr><td style="width:0px;background-color:#F8F9FA"></td><td>Hugpong Federal Movement of the Philippines</td><td style="text-align:right">112,654</td><td style="text-align:right">0.31</td><td style="text-align:right">New</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td></tr><tr><td style="width:0px;background-color:#F8F9FA"></td><td>Moro Ako - Ok Party-List</td><td style="text-align:right">110,171</td><td style="text-align:right">0.30</td><td style="text-align:right">New</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td></tr><tr><td style="width:0px;background-color:#F8F9FA"></td><td>Angkla: ang Partido ng mga Pilipinong Marino</td><td style="text-align:right">109,343</td><td style="text-align:right">0.30</td><td style="text-align:right">−0.35</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td></tr><tr><td style="width:0px;background-color:#F8F9FA"></td><td>Ang National Coalition of Indigenous People Action Na!</td><td style="text-align:right">108,807</td><td style="text-align:right">0.30</td><td style="text-align:right">New</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td></tr><tr><td style="width:0px;background-color:#F8F9FA"></td><td>Passengers and Riders Organization</td><td style="text-align:right">108,647</td><td style="text-align:right">0.30</td><td style="text-align:right">New</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td></tr><tr><td style="width:0px;background-color:#F8F9FA"></td><td>Ang Kabuhayan Partylist</td><td style="text-align:right">108,535</td><td style="text-align:right">0.29</td><td style="text-align:right">+0.02</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td></tr><tr><td style="width:0px;background-color:#F8F9FA"></td><td>Ang Tinig ng Seniors Citizens sa Filipinas, Inc.<sup id="cite_ref-TRO_51-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-TRO-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>d<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td><td style="text-align:right">104,957</td><td style="text-align:right">0.29</td><td style="text-align:right">New</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td></tr><tr><td style="width:0px;background-color:#F8F9FA"></td><td>Lungsod Aasenso</td><td style="text-align:right">103,149</td><td style="text-align:right">0.28</td><td style="text-align:right">New</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td></tr><tr><td style="width:0px;background-color:#008000"></td><td><a href="/wiki/Buhay_Party-List" title="Buhay Party-List">Buhay Party-List</a></td><td style="text-align:right">103,077</td><td style="text-align:right">0.28</td><td style="text-align:right">−1.02</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td><td style="text-align:right">−1</td></tr><tr><td style="width:0px;background-color:#F8F9FA"></td><td>Una ang Edukasyon</td><td style="text-align:right">102,687</td><td style="text-align:right">0.28</td><td style="text-align:right">−0.15</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td></tr><tr><td style="width:0px;background-color:#F8F9FA"></td><td>Igorot Warriors International, Inc.<sup id="cite_ref-TRO_51-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-TRO-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>d<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td><td style="text-align:right">95,217</td><td style="text-align:right">0.26</td><td style="text-align:right">New</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td></tr><tr><td style="width:0px;background-color:#113CA4"></td><td><a href="/wiki/OFW_Family_Club" title="OFW Family Club">OFW Family Club</a></td><td style="text-align:right">93,059</td><td style="text-align:right">0.25</td><td style="text-align:right">−0.47</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td><td style="text-align:right">−1</td></tr><tr><td style="width:0px;background-color:#F8F9FA"></td><td>Health, Education, Livelihood Program of the Philippines</td><td style="text-align:right">93,007</td><td style="text-align:right">0.25</td><td style="text-align:right">New</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td></tr><tr><td style="width:0px;background-color:#F8F9FA"></td><td>Wow Pilipinas Movement</td><td style="text-align:right">90,698</td><td style="text-align:right">0.25</td><td style="text-align:right">−0.37</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td></tr><tr><td style="width:0px;background-color:#F8F9FA"></td><td>Kapamilya ng Manggagawang Pilipino</td><td style="text-align:right">89,695</td><td style="text-align:right">0.24</td><td style="text-align:right">New</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td></tr><tr><td style="width:0px;background-color:#F8F9FA"></td><td>Ating Agapay Sentrong Samahan ng mga Obrero</td><td style="text-align:right">88,611</td><td style="text-align:right">0.24</td><td style="text-align:right">−0.03</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td></tr><tr><td style="width:0px;background-color:#F8F9FA"></td><td>Friends of the Poor and Jobless Party-List<sup id="cite_ref-TRO_51-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-TRO-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>d<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td><td style="text-align:right">88,564</td><td style="text-align:right">0.24</td><td style="text-align:right">New</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td></tr><tr><td style="width:0px;background-color:#014F01"></td><td><a href="/wiki/Butil_Farmers_Party" title="Butil Farmers Party">Butil Farmers Party</a></td><td style="text-align:right">87,305</td><td style="text-align:right">0.24</td><td style="text-align:right">−0.35</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td></tr><tr><td style="width:0px;background-color:#F8F9FA"></td><td>Avid Builders of Active Nation's Citizenry Towards Empowered Philippines</td><td style="text-align:right">87,211</td><td style="text-align:right">0.24</td><td style="text-align:right">−0.11</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td></tr><tr><td style="width:0px;background-color:#F8F9FA"></td><td>Subanen Party-List</td><td style="text-align:right">86,533</td><td style="text-align:right">0.24</td><td style="text-align:right">New</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td></tr><tr><td style="width:0px;background-color:#F8F9FA"></td><td>Turismo Isulong Mo</td><td style="text-align:right">86,119</td><td style="text-align:right">0.23</td><td style="text-align:right">New</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td></tr><tr><td style="width:0px;background-color:#F8F9FA"></td><td>Abe Kapampangan</td><td style="text-align:right">85,226</td><td style="text-align:right">0.23</td><td style="text-align:right">−0.07</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td></tr><tr><td style="width:0px;background-color:#F8F9FA"></td><td>Barkadahan para sa Bansa</td><td style="text-align:right">83,860</td><td style="text-align:right">0.23</td><td style="text-align:right">New</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td></tr><tr><td style="width:0px;background-color:#DC143C"></td><td><a href="/wiki/Anakpawis" title="Anakpawis">Anakpawis</a></td><td style="text-align:right">81,436</td><td style="text-align:right">0.22</td><td style="text-align:right">−0.31</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td></tr><tr><td style="width:0px;background-color:#F8F9FA"></td><td>Ugyon Mangunguma, Mangingisda kag Mamumugon nga Ilonggo<sup id="cite_ref-TRO_51-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-TRO-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>d<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td><td style="text-align:right">73,454</td><td style="text-align:right">0.20</td><td style="text-align:right">New</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td></tr><tr><td style="width:0px;background-color:#F8F9FA"></td><td>Ang Kabuhayang Kayang Kaya</td><td style="text-align:right">72,547</td><td style="text-align:right">0.20</td><td style="text-align:right">New</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td></tr><tr><td style="width:0px;background-color:#F8F9FA"></td><td>National Association of Electricity Consumers for Reforms</td><td style="text-align:right">71,822</td><td style="text-align:right">0.20</td><td style="text-align:right">−0.09</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td></tr><tr><td style="width:0px;background-color:#C73027"></td><td>Rebolusyonaryong Alyansang Makabansa</td><td style="text-align:right">69,740</td><td style="text-align:right">0.19</td><td style="text-align:right">−0.66</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td><td style="text-align:right">−1</td></tr><tr><td style="width:0px;background-color:#F8F9FA"></td><td>Ayuda sa May Kapansanan<sup id="cite_ref-TRO_51-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-TRO-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>d<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td><td style="text-align:right">66,457</td><td style="text-align:right">0.18</td><td style="text-align:right">New</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td></tr><tr><td style="width:0px;background-color:#F8F9FA"></td><td>Ang Bumbero ng Pilipinas</td><td style="text-align:right">65,929</td><td style="text-align:right">0.18</td><td style="text-align:right">New</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td></tr><tr><td style="width:0px;background-color:#F8F9FA"></td><td>Kilusang Maypagasa</td><td style="text-align:right">65,133</td><td style="text-align:right">0.18</td><td style="text-align:right">−0.10</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td></tr><tr><td style="width:0px;background-color:#F8F9FA"></td><td>Mothers for Change</td><td style="text-align:right">64,785</td><td style="text-align:right">0.18</td><td style="text-align:right">New</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td></tr><tr><td style="width:0px;background-color:#F8F9FA"></td><td>One Coop</td><td style="text-align:right">64,627</td><td style="text-align:right">0.18</td><td style="text-align:right">New</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td></tr><tr><td style="width:0px;background-color:#F8F9FA"></td><td>Ang Komadrona</td><td style="text-align:right">64,087</td><td style="text-align:right">0.17</td><td style="text-align:right">New</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td></tr><tr><td style="width:0px;background-color:#F8F9FA"></td><td>Samahan ng Totoong Larong may Puso Foundation</td><td style="text-align:right">60,384</td><td style="text-align:right">0.16</td><td style="text-align:right">New</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td></tr><tr><td style="width:0px;background-color:#F8F9FA"></td><td>Malabung Workers Party</td><td style="text-align:right">59,499</td><td style="text-align:right">0.16</td><td style="text-align:right">New</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td></tr><tr><td style="width:0px;background-color:#F8F9FA"></td><td>Ang Laban ng Indiginong Filipino</td><td style="text-align:right">58,658</td><td style="text-align:right">0.16</td><td style="text-align:right">−0.09</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td></tr><tr><td style="width:0px;background-color:#01692E"></td><td>Kabalikat ng Bayan sa Kaunlaran</td><td style="text-align:right">57,692</td><td style="text-align:right">0.16</td><td style="text-align:right">New</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td></tr><tr><td style="width:0px;background-color:#0018F9"></td><td>Bunyog Pagkakaisa</td><td style="text-align:right">57,030</td><td style="text-align:right">0.15</td><td style="text-align:right">New</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td></tr><tr><td style="width:0px;background-color:#F8F9FA"></td><td>Computer Literacy, Innovation Connectivity and Knowledge</td><td style="text-align:right">55,842</td><td style="text-align:right">0.15</td><td style="text-align:right">New</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td></tr><tr><td style="width:0px;background-color:#F8F9FA"></td><td>Kabalikat Patungo sa Umuunlad na Sistematiko at Organisadong Pangkabuhayan Movement</td><td style="text-align:right">53,635</td><td style="text-align:right">0.15</td><td style="text-align:right">New</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td></tr><tr><td style="width:0px;background-color:#F8F9FA"></td><td>Home Owners, and Marginalized Empowerment Through Opportunities with Neighborhood Economic Reliability</td><td style="text-align:right">53,560</td><td style="text-align:right">0.15</td><td style="text-align:right">New</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td></tr><tr><td style="width:0px;background-color:#F8F9FA"></td><td>Kilos Mamamayan Ngayon Na</td><td style="text-align:right">52,205</td><td style="text-align:right">0.14</td><td style="text-align:right">New</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td></tr><tr><td style="width:0px;background-color:#F8F9FA"></td><td>United Frontliners of the Philippines</td><td style="text-align:right">50,849</td><td style="text-align:right">0.14</td><td style="text-align:right">New</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td></tr><tr><td style="width:0px;background-color:#F8F9FA"></td><td>Alsa Bisaya</td><td style="text-align:right">47,415</td><td style="text-align:right">0.13</td><td style="text-align:right">New</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td></tr><tr><td style="width:0px;background-color:#F8F9FA"></td><td>Bangon Philippine Outsourcing</td><td style="text-align:right">47,382</td><td style="text-align:right">0.13</td><td style="text-align:right">New</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td></tr><tr><td style="width:0px;background-color:#F8F9FA"></td><td>Lingkud Bayanihan Party<sup id="cite_ref-TRO_51-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-TRO-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>d<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td><td style="text-align:right">43,896</td><td style="text-align:right">0.12</td><td style="text-align:right">New</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td></tr><tr><td style="width:0px;background-color:#F8F9FA"></td><td>Maharlikang Pilipino Party</td><td style="text-align:right">43,260</td><td style="text-align:right">0.12</td><td style="text-align:right">New</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td></tr><tr><td style="width:0px;background-color:#F8F9FA"></td><td>Advocates for Retail & Fashion, Textile & Tradition, Events, Entertainment & Creative Sector</td><td style="text-align:right">42,086</td><td style="text-align:right">0.11</td><td style="text-align:right">New</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td></tr><tr><td style="width:0px;background-color:#F8F9FA"></td><td>Ipatupad for Workers Inc.</td><td style="text-align:right">41,797</td><td style="text-align:right">0.11</td><td style="text-align:right">New</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td></tr><tr><td style="width:0px;background-color:#F8F9FA"></td><td>Kabalikat ng Hustisiya ng Nagkakaisang Manileno</td><td style="text-align:right">39,344</td><td style="text-align:right">0.11</td><td style="text-align:right">+0.01</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td></tr><tr><td style="width:0px;background-color:#F8F9FA"></td><td>Babae Ako para sa Bayan</td><td style="text-align:right">39,254</td><td style="text-align:right">0.11</td><td style="text-align:right">New</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td></tr><tr><td style="width:0px;background-color:#F8F9FA"></td><td>Damayan para sa Reporma Tungo sa Inklusibo at Laganap na mga Oportunidad Ngayon</td><td style="text-align:right">36,394</td><td style="text-align:right">0.10</td><td style="text-align:right">New</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td></tr><tr><td style="width:0px;background-color:#F8F9FA"></td><td>Partido Cocoman</td><td style="text-align:right">35,583</td><td style="text-align:right">0.10</td><td style="text-align:right">New</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td></tr><tr><td style="width:0px;background-color:#F8F9FA"></td><td>Aktibong Kaagapay ng mga Manggagawa</td><td style="text-align:right">34,338</td><td style="text-align:right">0.09</td><td style="text-align:right">New</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td></tr><tr><td style="width:0px;background-color:#F8F9FA"></td><td>Ako Breeder Party-List<sup id="cite_ref-TRO_51-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-TRO-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>d<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td><td style="text-align:right">32,630</td><td style="text-align:right">0.09</td><td style="text-align:right">New</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td></tr><tr><td style="width:0px;background-color:#F8F9FA"></td><td>Ako Musikero Association</td><td style="text-align:right">28,297</td><td style="text-align:right">0.08</td><td style="text-align:right">New</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td></tr><tr><td style="width:0px;background-color:#F8F9FA"></td><td>Philippine Society for Industrial Security</td><td style="text-align:right">27,851</td><td style="text-align:right">0.08</td><td style="text-align:right">New</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td></tr><tr><td style="width:0px;background-color:#F8F9FA"></td><td>Ang Koalisyon ng Indigenous People</td><td style="text-align:right">27,583</td><td style="text-align:right">0.07</td><td style="text-align:right">New</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td></tr><tr><td style="width:0px;background-color:#F8F9FA"></td><td>Aksyon Magsasaka-Partido Tinig ng Masa</td><td style="text-align:right">27,364</td><td style="text-align:right">0.07</td><td style="text-align:right">−0.62</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td></tr><tr><td style="width:0px;background-color:#F8F9FA"></td><td>Mindoro Sandugo para sa Kaunlaran</td><td style="text-align:right">26,800</td><td style="text-align:right">0.07</td><td style="text-align:right">New</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td></tr><tr><td style="width:0px;background-color:#F8F9FA"></td><td>Samahang Ilaw at Bisig</td><td style="text-align:right">25,871</td><td style="text-align:right">0.07</td><td style="text-align:right">New</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td></tr><tr><td style="width:0px;background-color:#F8F9FA"></td><td>One Unified Transport Alliance of the Philippines Bicol Region</td><td style="text-align:right">23,021</td><td style="text-align:right">0.06</td><td style="text-align:right">−0.02</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td></tr><tr><td style="width:0px;background-color:#F8F9FA"></td><td>Alagaan ang Sambayanang Pilipino</td><td style="text-align:right">22,543</td><td style="text-align:right">0.06</td><td style="text-align:right">New</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td></tr><tr><td style="width:0px;background-color:#F8F9FA"></td><td>Parents Teachers Alliance</td><td style="text-align:right">22,319</td><td style="text-align:right">0.06</td><td style="text-align:right">−0.04</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td></tr><tr><td style="width:0px;background-color:#F8F9FA"></td><td>Ang Programang Aasenso Taumbayan - Dream, Act, Participate and Advocate for Sustainable Transformation<sup id="cite_ref-TRO_51-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-TRO-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>d<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td><td style="text-align:right">20,949</td><td style="text-align:right">0.06</td><td style="text-align:right">New</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td></tr><tr><td style="width:0px;background-color:#F8F9FA"></td><td>Arts Business and Science Professionals</td><td style="text-align:right">20,149</td><td style="text-align:right">0.05</td><td style="text-align:right">−0.06</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td></tr><tr><td style="width:0px;background-color:#F8F9FA"></td><td>Alliance for Resilience, Sustainability and Empowerment<sup id="cite_ref-TRO_51-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-TRO-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>d<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td><td style="text-align:right">20,131</td><td style="text-align:right">0.05</td><td style="text-align:right">New</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td></tr><tr><td style="width:0px;background-color:#F8F9FA"></td><td>Movement of Active Apostolic Guardians Association of the Philippines</td><td style="text-align:right">19,645</td><td style="text-align:right">0.05</td><td style="text-align:right">New</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td></tr><tr><td style="width:0px;background-color:#F8F9FA"></td><td>Solid Movement Towards Comprehensive Change</td><td style="text-align:right">18,954</td><td style="text-align:right">0.05</td><td style="text-align:right">New</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td></tr><tr><td style="width:0px;background-color:#F8F9FA"></td><td>Noble Advancement of Marvelous People of the Philippines Inc.</td><td style="text-align:right">18,172</td><td style="text-align:right">0.05</td><td style="text-align:right">+0.01</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td></tr><tr><td style="width:0px;background-color:#F8F9FA"></td><td>Alternatiba ng Masa</td><td style="text-align:right">18,048</td><td style="text-align:right">0.05</td><td style="text-align:right">New</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td></tr><tr><td style="width:0px;background-color:#BE2D32"></td><td><a href="/wiki/Partido_Lakas_ng_Masa" title="Partido Lakas ng Masa">Partido Lakas ng Masa</a></td><td style="text-align:right">17,783</td><td style="text-align:right">0.05</td><td style="text-align:right">−0.05</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td></tr><tr><td style="width:0px;background-color:#F8F9FA"></td><td>Pilipino Society and Development Advocates Commuter-Consumer</td><td style="text-align:right">17,406</td><td style="text-align:right">0.05</td><td style="text-align:right">New</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td></tr><tr><td style="width:0px;background-color:#F8F9FA"></td><td>United Filipino Consumers and Commuters</td><td style="text-align:right">16,733</td><td style="text-align:right">0.05</td><td style="text-align:right">New</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td></tr><tr><td style="width:0px;background-color:#F8F9FA"></td><td>Aksyon Tungo sa Asenso at Pagsulong ng Pilipino</td><td style="text-align:right">16,116</td><td style="text-align:right">0.04</td><td style="text-align:right">New</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td></tr><tr><td style="width:0px;background-color:#F8F9FA"></td><td>People's Volunteer Against Illegal Drugs</td><td style="text-align:right">14,330</td><td style="text-align:right">0.04</td><td style="text-align:right">New</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td></tr><tr><td style="width:0px;background-color:#F8F9FA"></td><td>National Firemen's Confederation of the Philippines</td><td style="text-align:right">11,692</td><td style="text-align:right">0.03</td><td style="text-align:right">New</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td></tr><tr><td style="width:0px;background-color:#F8F9FA"></td><td>Laban ng Isang Bayan Para sa Reporma at Oportunidad<sup id="cite_ref-TRO_51-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-TRO-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>d<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td><td style="text-align:right">11,067</td><td style="text-align:right">0.03</td><td style="text-align:right">New</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td></tr><tr><td style="width:0px;background-color:#F8F9FA"></td><td>1 Tahanan</td><td style="text-align:right">10,383</td><td style="text-align:right">0.03</td><td style="text-align:right">New</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td></tr><tr><td style="width:0px;background-color:#F8F9FA"></td><td>Pilipinas para sa Pinoy</td><td style="text-align:right">8,774</td><td style="text-align:right">0.02</td><td style="text-align:right">−0.03</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td></tr><tr><td style="width:0px;background-color:#F8F9FA"></td><td>Aangat Kusinerong Pinoy</td><td style="text-align:right">8,261</td><td style="text-align:right">0.02</td><td style="text-align:right">New</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td></tr><tr><td style="width:0px;background-color:#F8F9FA"></td><td>Kusog Bikolandia</td><td style="text-align:right">7,840</td><td style="text-align:right">0.02</td><td style="text-align:right">New</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td></tr><tr class="sortbottom" style="font-weight:bold"><td colspan="2">Total</td><td style="text-align:right">36,802,064</td><td style="text-align:right">100.00</td><td style="text-align:right">–</td><td style="text-align:right">63</td><td style="text-align:right">+2</td></tr><tr class="sortbottom"><td colspan="7" style="color:black;background:#eaecf0"></td></tr><tr class="sortbottom" style="text-align:right"><th scope="row" colspan="2" style="text-align:left;font-weight:normal;color:inherit;background:inherit">Valid votes</th><td>36,802,064</td><td>65.68</td><td>+6.72</td><td colspan="2"></td></tr><tr class="sortbottom" style="text-align:right"><th scope="row" colspan="2" style="text-align:left;font-weight:normal;color:inherit;background:inherit">Invalid/blank votes</th><td>19,226,791</td><td>34.32</td><td>−6.72</td><td colspan="2"></td></tr><tr class="sortbottom" style="font-weight:bold;text-align:right"><th scope="row" colspan="2" style="text-align:left;background:inherit;color:inherit">Total votes</th><td>56,028,855</td><td>100.00</td><td>–</td><td colspan="2"></td></tr><tr class="sortbottom" style="text-align:right"><th scope="row" colspan="2" style="text-align:left;font-weight:normal;color:inherit;background:inherit">Registered voters/turnout</th><td>67,523,697</td><td>82.98</td><td>+8.67</td><td colspan="2"></td></tr><tr class="sortbottom" style="text-align:right"><td colspan="7" style="text-align:left">Source: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://comelec.gov.ph/php-tpls-attachments/2022NLE/ElectionResults/2022NLE_PartyListSummaryStatementofVotes.pdf">COMELEC</a></td></tr></tbody></table> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"><div class="reflist reflist-lower-alpha"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-Anwaray-44"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Anwaray_44-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">The COMELEC cancelled An Waray's certificate of registration in August 2023, after it had allowed its nominee Victoria Isabel Noel assume a seat in the House of Representatives starting in 2016 without proper authority.<sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The House of Representatives then dropped from the rolls <a href="/wiki/Bem_Noel" title="Bem Noel">Bem Noel</a> in September 2023, removing him from office.<sup id="cite_ref-42" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <a href="/wiki/Supreme_Court_of_the_Philippines" title="Supreme Court of the Philippines">Supreme Court</a> affirmed the COMELEC's decision in September 2024.<sup id="cite_ref-43" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-USC-47"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-USC_47-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">United Senior Citizens is entitled to a seat in Congress based on the results. However, as of May 25th, they have not been proclaimed as they have a pending case in the COMELEC regarding their accreditation.<sup id="cite_ref-45" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> United Senior Citizens was later proclaimed as a winning party, with its nominee being sworn in in November 2022.<sup id="cite_ref-46" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Akbayan-49"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Akbayan_49-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Akbayan was later proclaimed as a winning party, with its nominee set to be sworn in by September 2024, after the <a href="/wiki/Supreme_Court_of_the_Philippines" title="Supreme Court of the Philippines">Supreme Court</a> affirmed the COMELEC's decision to cancel the registration of <a href="/wiki/An_Waray" title="An Waray">An Waray</a> in September 2024.<sup id="cite_ref-48" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-TRO-51"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-TRO_51-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-TRO_51-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-TRO_51-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-TRO_51-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-TRO_51-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-TRO_51-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-TRO_51-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-TRO_51-7"><sup><i><b>h</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-TRO_51-8"><sup><i><b>i</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-TRO_51-9"><sup><i><b>j</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-TRO_51-10"><sup><i><b>k</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-TRO_51-11"><sup><i><b>l</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">This partylist was rejected by COMELEC from joining the 2022 elections, but has secured a Temporary Restraining Order from the Supreme Court. Because of this, they have been included in the ballot and their votes are counted for calculation purposes.<sup id="cite_ref-50" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=House_of_Representatives_of_the_Philippines&action=edit&section=36" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Philippine_House_committees" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Philippine House committees">List of Philippine House committees</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2007_Batasang_Pambansa_bombing" title="2007 Batasang Pambansa bombing">2007 Batasang Pambansa bombing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Politics_of_the_Philippines" title="Politics of the Philippines">Politics of the Philippines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/President_of_the_Philippines" title="President of the Philippines">President of the Philippines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Executive_Departments_of_the_Philippines" class="mw-redirect" title="Executive Departments of the Philippines">Executive Departments of the Philippines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Congress_of_the_Philippines" title="Congress of the Philippines">Congress of the Philippines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Senate_of_the_Philippines" title="Senate of the Philippines">Senate of the Philippines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ombudsman_of_the_Philippines" title="Ombudsman of the Philippines">Ombudsman of the Philippines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Supreme_Court_of_the_Philippines" title="Supreme Court of the Philippines">Supreme Court of the Philippines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republic_Acts_of_the_Philippines" class="mw-redirect" title="Republic Acts of the Philippines">Republic Acts of the Philippines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Batasang_Pambansa" class="mw-redirect" title="Batasang Pambansa">Batasang Pambansa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Congress_TV" title="Congress TV">Congress TV</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=House_of_Representatives_of_the_Philippines&action=edit&section=37" title="Edit section: Notes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"><div class="reflist reflist-lower-alpha"> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=House_of_Representatives_of_the_Philippines&action=edit&section=38" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width reflist-columns-2"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.officialgazette.gov.ph/about/gov/the-legislative-branch/">The Legislative Branch | Official Gazette of the Republic of the Philippines</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 11,</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=INQUIRER.net&rft.atitle=United+Senior+Citizens+party-list+rep+takes+oath+after+winning+fight+for+accreditation&rft.date=2022-11-07&rft.aulast=Lalu&rft.aufirst=Gabriel+Pabico&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnewsinfo.inquirer.net%2F1690220%2Funited-senior-citizens-party-list-rep-takes-oath-after-winning-fight-for-accreditation&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHouse+of+Representatives+of+the+Philippines" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-48"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-48">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDe_Leon2024" class="citation web cs1">De Leon, Dwight (September 25, 2024). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rappler.com/philippines/comelec-proclaims-akbayan-party-list-winner-2022-elections-returns-house-representatives/">"Akbayan back in the House after Comelec formalizes 2022 election win"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Rappler" title="Rappler">Rappler</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 25,</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Rappler&rft.atitle=Akbayan+back+in+the+House+after+Comelec+formalizes+2022+election+win&rft.date=2024-09-25&rft.aulast=De+Leon&rft.aufirst=Dwight&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.rappler.com%2Fphilippines%2Fcomelec-proclaims-akbayan-party-list-winner-2022-elections-returns-house-representatives%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHouse+of+Representatives+of+the+Philippines" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-50"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-50">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rappler.com/nation/elections/more-rejected-party-list-groups-get-supreme-court-relief-before-printing-ballots-january-2022/">"More rejected party-list groups get SC relief before printing of ballots"</a>. <i>Rappler</i>. January 7, 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 26,</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Rappler&rft.atitle=More+rejected+party-list+groups+get+SC+relief+before+printing+of+ballots&rft.date=2022-01-07&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.rappler.com%2Fnation%2Felections%2Fmore-rejected-party-list-groups-get-supreme-court-relief-before-printing-ballots-january-2022%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHouse+of+Representatives+of+the+Philippines" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=House_of_Representatives_of_the_Philippines&action=edit&section=39" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.house.gov.ph">Official Website of the 18th Congress</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://congress.gov.ph">Official Website of the House of Representatives</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200604085514/http://congress.gov.ph/">Archived</a> June 4, 2020, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.senate.gov.ph">Official Website of the Senate</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output 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.navbox-title{background-color:#ddf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-abovebelow{background-color:#e6e6ff}.mw-parser-output .navbox-even{background-color:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="House_of_Representatives_of_the_Philippines" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Philippine_House_of_Representatives" title="Template:Philippine House of Representatives"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Philippine_House_of_Representatives" title="Template talk:Philippine House of Representatives"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Philippine_House_of_Representatives" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Philippine House of Representatives"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="House_of_Representatives_of_the_Philippines" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">House of Representatives of the Philippines</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow hlist" colspan="3"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Congressional_districts_of_the_Philippines" title="Congressional districts of the Philippines">Congressional districts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Party-list_representation_in_the_House_of_Representatives_of_the_Philippines" title="Party-list representation in the House of Representatives of the Philippines">Party-list representation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sectoral_representation_in_the_Philippines" title="Sectoral representation in the Philippines">Sectoral representation</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Officers</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Speaker_of_the_House_of_Representatives_of_the_Philippines" title="Speaker of the House of Representatives of the Philippines">Speaker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deputy_Speaker_of_the_House_of_Representatives_of_the_Philippines" title="Deputy Speaker of the House of Representatives of the Philippines">Deputy Speakers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Floor_leaders_of_the_House_of_Representatives_of_the_Philippines" title="Floor leaders of the House of Representatives of the Philippines">Floor leaders</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Majority_Floor_Leader_of_the_House_of_Representatives_of_the_Philippines" title="Majority Floor Leader of the House of Representatives of the Philippines">Majority leader</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Minority_Floor_Leader_of_the_House_of_Representatives_of_the_Philippines" title="Minority Floor Leader of the House of Representatives of the Philippines">Minority leader</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Secretary-General_of_the_House_of_Representatives_of_the_Philippines&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Secretary-General of the House of Representatives of the Philippines (page does not exist)">Secretary-General</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="7" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Seal_of_the_Philippine_House_of_Representatives.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Seal_of_the_Philippine_House_of_Representatives.svg/100px-Seal_of_the_Philippine_House_of_Representatives.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="100" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Seal_of_the_Philippine_House_of_Representatives.svg/150px-Seal_of_the_Philippine_House_of_Representatives.svg.png 1.5x, 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Philippines">Female representatives</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Philippines_representatives_expelled,_removed,_or_suspended" title="List of Philippines representatives expelled, removed, or suspended">Expelled, removed, and suspended members</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Per legislature</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_members_of_the_Malolos_Congress" class="mw-redirect" title="List of members of the Malolos Congress">Malolos Congress</a></li> <li>Philippine Legislature <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_members_of_the_1st_Philippine_Legislature" class="mw-redirect" title="List of members of the 1st Philippine Legislature">1st</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_members_of_the_2nd_Philippine_Legislature" class="mw-redirect" title="List of members of the 2nd Philippine Legislature">2nd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_members_of_the_3rd_Philippine_Legislature" class="mw-redirect" title="List of members of the 3rd Philippine Legislature">3rd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_members_of_the_4th_Philippine_Legislature" class="mw-redirect" title="List of members of the 4th Philippine Legislature">4th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_members_of_the_5th_Philippine_Legislature" class="mw-redirect" title="List of members of the 5th Philippine Legislature">5th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_members_of_the_6th_Philippine_Legislature" class="mw-redirect" title="List of members of the 6th Philippine Legislature">6th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_members_of_the_7th_Philippine_Legislature" class="mw-redirect" title="List of members of the 7th Philippine Legislature">7th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_members_of_the_8th_Philippine_Legislature" class="mw-redirect" title="List of members of the 8th Philippine Legislature">8th</a></li></ul></li> <li>Commonwealth National Assembly <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_members_of_the_1st_National_Assembly_of_the_Philippines&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="List of members of the 1st National Assembly of the Philippines (page does not exist)">1st</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_members_of_the_2nd_National_Assembly_of_the_Philippines&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="List of members of the 2nd National Assembly of the Philippines (page does not exist)">2nd</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_members_of_the_National_Assembly_of_the_Second_Philippine_Republic" class="mw-redirect" title="List of members of the National Assembly of the Second Philippine Republic">Second Republic National Assembly</a></li> <li>Commonwealth Congress <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_members_of_the_1st_Congress_of_the_Commonwealth_of_the_Philippines" class="mw-redirect" title="List of members of the 1st Congress of the Commonwealth of the Philippines">1st</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_members_of_the_1st_Congress_of_the_Philippines" class="mw-redirect" title="List of members of the 1st Congress of the Philippines">2nd</a></li></ul></li> <li>Congress <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_members_of_the_1st_Congress_of_the_Philippines" class="mw-redirect" title="List of members of the 1st Congress of the Philippines">1st</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_members_of_the_2nd_Congress_of_the_Philippines" class="mw-redirect" title="List of members of the 2nd Congress of the Philippines">2nd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_members_of_the_3rd_Congress_of_the_Philippines" class="mw-redirect" title="List of members of the 3rd Congress of the Philippines">3rd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_members_of_the_4th_Congress_of_the_Philippines" class="mw-redirect" title="List of members of the 4th Congress of the Philippines">4th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_members_of_the_5th_Congress_of_the_Philippines" class="mw-redirect" title="List of members of the 5th Congress of the Philippines">5th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_members_of_the_6th_Congress_of_the_Philippines" class="mw-redirect" title="List of members of the 6th Congress of the Philippines">6th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_members_of_the_7th_Congress_of_the_Philippines" class="mw-redirect" title="List of members of the 7th Congress of the Philippines">7th</a></li></ul></li> <li>Batasang Pambansa <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_members_of_the_Interim_Batasang_Pambansa" class="mw-redirect" title="List of members of the Interim Batasang Pambansa">Interim</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_members_of_the_Regular_Batasang_Pambansa" class="mw-redirect" title="List of members of the Regular Batasang Pambansa">Regular</a></li></ul></li> <li>Congress <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_members_of_the_8th_Congress_of_the_Philippines" class="mw-redirect" title="List of members of the 8th Congress of the Philippines">8th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_members_of_the_9th_Congress_of_the_Philippines" class="mw-redirect" title="List of members of the 9th Congress of the Philippines">9th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_members_of_the_10th_Congress_of_the_Philippines" class="mw-redirect" title="List of members of the 10th Congress of the Philippines">10th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_members_of_the_11th_Congress_of_the_Philippines" class="mw-redirect" title="List of members of the 11th Congress of the Philippines">11th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_members_of_the_12th_Congress_of_the_Philippines" class="mw-redirect" title="List of members of the 12th Congress of the Philippines">12th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_members_of_the_13th_Congress_of_the_Philippines" class="mw-redirect" title="List of members of the 13th Congress of the Philippines">13th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_members_of_the_14th_Congress_of_the_Philippines" class="mw-redirect" title="List of members of the 14th Congress of the Philippines">14th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_members_of_the_15th_Congress_of_the_Philippines" title="List of members of the 15th Congress of the Philippines">15th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_members_of_the_16th_Congress_of_the_Philippines" class="mw-redirect" title="List of members of the 16th Congress of the Philippines">16th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_members_of_the_17th_Congress_of_the_Philippines" class="mw-redirect" title="List of members of the 17th Congress of the Philippines">17th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_members_of_the_18th_Congress_of_the_Philippines" class="mw-redirect" title="List of members of the 18th Congress of the Philippines">18th</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_members_of_the_19th_Congress_of_the_Philippines&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="List of members of the 19th Congress of the Philippines (page does not exist)">19th</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">By surname</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_members_of_the_House_of_Representatives_of_the_Philippines_(A)" title="List of members of the House of Representatives of the Philippines (A)">A</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_members_of_the_House_of_Representatives_of_the_Philippines_(B)" title="List of members of the House of Representatives of the Philippines (B)">B</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_members_of_the_House_of_Representatives_of_the_Philippines_(C)" title="List of members of the House of Representatives of the Philippines (C)">C</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_members_of_the_House_of_Representatives_of_the_Philippines_(D)" title="List of members of the House of Representatives of the Philippines (D)">D</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_members_of_the_House_of_Representatives_of_the_Philippines_(E)" title="List of members of the House of Representatives of the Philippines (E)">E</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_members_of_the_House_of_Representatives_of_the_Philippines_(F)" title="List of members of the House of Representatives of the Philippines (F)">F</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_members_of_the_House_of_Representatives_of_the_Philippines_(G)" title="List of members of the House of Representatives of the Philippines (G)">G</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_members_of_the_House_of_Representatives_of_the_Philippines_(H)" title="List of members of the House of Representatives of the Philippines (H)">H</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_members_of_the_House_of_Representatives_of_the_Philippines_(I)" title="List of members of the House of Representatives of the Philippines (I)">I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_members_of_the_House_of_Representatives_of_the_Philippines_(J)" title="List of members of the House of Representatives of the Philippines (J)">J</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_members_of_the_House_of_Representatives_of_the_Philippines_(K)" title="List of members of the House of Representatives of the Philippines (K)">K</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_members_of_the_House_of_Representatives_of_the_Philippines_(L)" title="List of members of the House of Representatives of the Philippines (L)">L</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_members_of_the_House_of_Representatives_of_the_Philippines_(M)" title="List of members of the House of Representatives of the Philippines (M)">M</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_members_of_the_House_of_Representatives_of_the_Philippines_(N)" title="List of members of the House of Representatives of the Philippines (N)">N</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_members_of_the_House_of_Representatives_of_the_Philippines_(O)" title="List of members of the House of Representatives of the Philippines (O)">O</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_members_of_the_House_of_Representatives_of_the_Philippines_(P)" title="List of members of the House of Representatives of the Philippines (P)">P</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_members_of_the_House_of_Representatives_of_the_Philippines_(Q)" title="List of members of the House of Representatives of the Philippines (Q)">Q</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_members_of_the_House_of_Representatives_of_the_Philippines_(R)" title="List of members of the House of Representatives of the Philippines (R)">R</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_members_of_the_House_of_Representatives_of_the_Philippines_(S)" title="List of members of the House of Representatives of the Philippines (S)">S</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_members_of_the_House_of_Representatives_of_the_Philippines_(T)" title="List of members of the House of Representatives of the Philippines (T)">T</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_members_of_the_House_of_Representatives_of_the_Philippines_(U)" title="List of members of the House of Representatives of the Philippines (U)">U</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_members_of_the_House_of_Representatives_of_the_Philippines_(V%E2%80%93W)" title="List of members of the House of Representatives of the Philippines (V–W)">V–W</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_members_of_the_House_of_Representatives_of_the_Philippines_(Y)" title="List of members of the House of Representatives of the Philippines (Y)">Y</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_members_of_the_House_of_Representatives_of_the_Philippines_(Z)" title="List of members of the House of Representatives of the Philippines (Z)">Z</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Elections</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1907_Philippine_Assembly_elections" title="1907 Philippine Assembly elections">1907</a> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_assemblymen_elected_in_the_1907_Philippine_Assembly_elections&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="List of assemblymen elected in the 1907 Philippine Assembly elections (page does not exist)">Assemblymen</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1909_Philippine_Assembly_elections" title="1909 Philippine Assembly elections">1909</a> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_assemblymen_elected_in_the_1909_Philippine_Assembly_elections&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="List of assemblymen elected in the 1909 Philippine Assembly elections (page does not exist)">Assemblymen</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1912_Philippine_Assembly_elections" title="1912 Philippine Assembly elections">1912</a> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_assemblymen_elected_in_the_1912_Philippine_Assembly_elections&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="List of assemblymen elected in the 1912 Philippine Assembly elections (page does not exist)">Assemblymen</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1916_Philippine_House_of_Representatives_elections" class="mw-redirect" title="1916 Philippine House of Representatives elections">1916</a> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_assemblymen_elected_in_the_1916_Philippine_House_of_Representatives_elections&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="List of assemblymen elected in the 1916 Philippine House of Representatives elections (page does not exist)">Representatives</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1919_Philippine_House_of_Representatives_elections" title="1919 Philippine House of Representatives elections">1919</a> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_assemblymen_elected_in_the_1919_Philippine_House_of_Representatives_elections&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="List of assemblymen elected in the 1919 Philippine House of Representatives elections (page does not exist)">Representatives</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1922_Philippine_House_of_Representatives_elections" title="1922 Philippine House of Representatives elections">1922</a> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_assemblymen_elected_in_the_1922_Philippine_House_of_Representatives_elections&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="List of assemblymen elected in the 1922 Philippine House of Representatives elections (page does not exist)">Representatives</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1925_Philippine_House_of_Representatives_elections" title="1925 Philippine House of Representatives elections">1925</a> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_assemblymen_elected_in_the_1925_Philippine_House_of_Representatives_elections&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="List of assemblymen elected in the 1925 Philippine House of Representatives elections (page does not exist)">Representatives</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1928_Philippine_House_of_Representatives_elections" title="1928 Philippine House of Representatives elections">1928</a> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_assemblymen_elected_in_the_1928_Philippine_House_of_Representatives_elections&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="List of assemblymen elected in the 1928 Philippine House of Representatives elections (page does not exist)">Representatives</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1931_Philippine_House_of_Representatives_elections" title="1931 Philippine House of Representatives elections">1931</a> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_assemblymen_elected_in_the_1931_Philippine_House_of_Representatives_elections&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="List of assemblymen elected in the 1931 Philippine House of Representatives elections (page does not exist)">Representatives</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1934_Philippine_House_of_Representatives_elections" title="1934 Philippine House of Representatives elections">1934</a> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_assemblymen_elected_in_the_1934_Philippine_House_of_Representatives_elections&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="List of assemblymen elected in the 1934 Philippine House of Representatives elections (page does not exist)">Representatives</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1935_Philippine_legislative_election" title="1935 Philippine legislative election">1935</a> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_assemblymen_elected_in_the_1935_Philippine_legislative_election&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="List of assemblymen elected in the 1935 Philippine legislative election (page does not exist)">Assemblymen</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1938_Philippine_legislative_election" title="1938 Philippine legislative election">1938</a> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_assemblymen_elected_in_the_1938_Philippine_legislative_election&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="List of assemblymen elected in the 1938 Philippine legislative election (page does not exist)">Assemblymen</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1941_Philippine_House_of_Representatives_elections" title="1941 Philippine House of Representatives elections">1941</a> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_representatives_elected_in_the_Philippine_House_of_Representatives_elections,_1941&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="List of representatives elected in the Philippine House of Representatives elections, 1941 (page does not exist)">Representatives</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1943_Philippine_legislative_election" title="1943 Philippine legislative election">1943</a> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_assemblymen_elected_in_the_1943_Philippine_legislative_election&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="List of assemblymen elected in the 1943 Philippine legislative election (page does not exist)">Assemblymen</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1946_Philippine_House_of_Representatives_elections" title="1946 Philippine House of Representatives elections">1946</a> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_representatives_elected_in_the_1946_Philippine_House_of_Representatives_elections&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="List of representatives elected in the 1946 Philippine House of Representatives elections (page does not exist)">Representatives</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1949_Philippine_House_of_Representatives_elections" title="1949 Philippine House of Representatives elections">1949</a> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_representatives_elected_in_the_1949_Philippine_House_of_Representatives_elections&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="List of representatives elected in the 1949 Philippine House of Representatives elections (page does not exist)">Representatives</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1953_Philippine_House_of_Representatives_elections" title="1953 Philippine House of Representatives elections">1953</a> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_representatives_elected_in_the_1953_Philippine_House_of_Representatives_elections&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="List of representatives elected in the 1953 Philippine House of Representatives elections (page does not exist)">Representatives</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1957_Philippine_House_of_Representatives_elections" title="1957 Philippine House of Representatives elections">1957</a> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_representatives_elected_in_the_1957_Philippine_House_of_Representatives_elections&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="List of representatives elected in the 1957 Philippine House of Representatives elections (page does not exist)">Representatives</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1961_Philippine_House_of_Representatives_elections" title="1961 Philippine House of Representatives elections">1961</a> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_representatives_elected_in_the_1961_Philippine_House_of_Representatives_elections&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="List of representatives elected in the 1961 Philippine House of Representatives elections (page does not exist)">Representatives</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1965_Philippine_House_of_Representatives_elections" title="1965 Philippine House of Representatives elections">1965</a> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_representatives_elected_in_the_1965_Philippine_House_of_Representatives_elections&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="List of representatives elected in the 1965 Philippine House of Representatives elections (page does not exist)">Representatives</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1969_Philippine_House_of_Representatives_elections" title="1969 Philippine House of Representatives elections">1969</a> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_representatives_elected_in_the_1969_Philippine_House_of_Representatives_elections&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="List of representatives elected in the 1969 Philippine House of Representatives elections (page does not exist)">Representatives</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1978_Philippine_parliamentary_election" title="1978 Philippine parliamentary election">1978</a> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_MPs_elected_in_the_1978_Philippine_parliamentary_election&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="List of MPs elected in the 1978 Philippine parliamentary election (page does not exist)">MPs</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1984_Philippine_parliamentary_election" title="1984 Philippine parliamentary election">1984</a> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_MPs_elected_in_the_1984_Philippine_parliamentary_election&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="List of MPs elected in the 1984 Philippine parliamentary election (page does not exist)">MPs</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1987_Philippine_House_of_Representatives_elections" title="1987 Philippine House of Representatives elections">1987</a> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_representatives_elected_in_the_1987_Philippine_House_of_Representatives_elections&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="List of representatives elected in the 1987 Philippine House of Representatives elections (page does not exist)">Representatives</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1992_Philippine_House_of_Representatives_elections" title="1992 Philippine House of Representatives elections">1992</a> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_representatives_elected_in_the_1992_Philippine_House_of_Representatives_elections&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="List of representatives elected in the 1992 Philippine House of Representatives elections (page does not exist)">Representatives</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1995_Philippine_House_of_Representatives_elections" title="1995 Philippine House of Representatives elections">1995</a> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_representatives_elected_in_the_1995_Philippine_House_of_Representatives_elections&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="List of representatives elected in the 1995 Philippine House of Representatives elections (page does not exist)">Representatives</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1998_Philippine_House_of_Representatives_elections" title="1998 Philippine House of Representatives elections">1998</a> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_representatives_elected_in_the_1998_Philippine_House_of_Representatives_elections&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="List of representatives elected in the 1998 Philippine House of Representatives elections (page does not exist)">Representatives</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2001_Philippine_House_of_Representatives_elections" title="2001 Philippine House of Representatives elections">2001</a> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_representatives_elected_in_the_2001_Philippine_House_of_Representatives_elections&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="List of representatives elected in the 2001 Philippine House of Representatives elections (page does not exist)">Representatives</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2004_Philippine_House_of_Representatives_elections" title="2004 Philippine House of Representatives elections">2004</a> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_representatives_elected_in_the_2004_Philippine_House_of_Representatives_elections&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="List of representatives elected in the 2004 Philippine House of Representatives elections (page does not exist)">Representatives</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2007_Philippine_House_of_Representatives_elections" title="2007 Philippine House of Representatives elections">2007</a> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_representatives_elected_in_the_2007_Philippine_House_of_Representatives_elections&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="List of representatives elected in the 2007 Philippine House of Representatives elections (page does not exist)">Representatives</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2010_Philippine_House_of_Representatives_elections" title="2010 Philippine House of Representatives elections">2010</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_representatives_elected_in_the_2010_Philippine_House_of_Representatives_election" title="List of representatives elected in the 2010 Philippine House of Representatives election">Representatives</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2013_Philippine_House_of_Representatives_elections" title="2013 Philippine House of Representatives elections">2013</a> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_representatives_elected_in_the_2013_Philippine_House_of_Representatives_elections&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="List of representatives elected in the 2013 Philippine House of Representatives elections (page does not exist)">Representatives</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2016_Philippine_House_of_Representatives_elections" title="2016 Philippine House of Representatives elections">2016</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_representatives_elected_in_the_2016_Philippine_House_of_Representatives_election" title="List of representatives elected in the 2016 Philippine House of Representatives election">Representatives</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2019_Philippine_House_of_Representatives_elections" title="2019 Philippine House of Representatives elections">2019</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_representatives_elected_in_the_2019_Philippine_House_of_Representatives_elections" title="List of representatives elected in the 2019 Philippine House of Representatives elections">Representatives</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2022_Philippine_House_of_Representatives_elections" title="2022 Philippine House of Representatives elections">2022</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_representatives_elected_in_the_2022_Philippine_House_of_Representatives_elections" class="mw-redirect" title="List of representatives elected in the 2022 Philippine House of Representatives elections">Representatives</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_special_elections_to_the_Congress_of_the_Philippines#House_of_Representatives" class="mw-redirect" title="List of special elections to the Congress of the Philippines">Special</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Philippine_House_of_Representatives_committees" title="List of Philippine House of Representatives committees">Standing<br />committees</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Philippine_House_Committee_on_Accounts" title="Philippine House Committee on Accounts">Accounts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philippine_House_Committee_on_Agrarian_Reform" title="Philippine House Committee on Agrarian Reform">Agrarian Reform</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philippine_House_Committee_on_Agriculture_and_Food" title="Philippine House Committee on Agriculture and Food">Agriculture and Food</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philippine_House_Committee_on_Appropriations" title="Philippine House Committee on Appropriations">Appropriations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philippine_House_Committee_on_Aquaculture_and_Fisheries_Resources" title="Philippine House Committee on Aquaculture and Fisheries Resources">Aquaculture and Fisheries Resources</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philippine_House_Committee_on_Banks_and_Financial_Intermediaries" title="Philippine House Committee on Banks and Financial Intermediaries">Banks and Financial Intermediaries</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philippine_House_Committee_on_Basic_Education_and_Culture" title="Philippine House Committee on Basic Education and Culture">Basic Education and Culture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philippine_House_Committee_on_Civil_Service_and_Professional_Regulation" title="Philippine House Committee on Civil Service and Professional Regulation">Civil Service and Professional Regulation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philippine_House_Committee_on_Climate_Change" title="Philippine House Committee on Climate Change">Climate Change</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philippine_House_Committee_on_Constitutional_Amendments" title="Philippine House Committee on Constitutional Amendments">Constitutional Amendments</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philippine_House_Committee_on_Cooperatives_Development" title="Philippine House Committee on Cooperatives Development">Cooperatives Development</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philippine_House_Committee_on_Dangerous_Drugs" title="Philippine House Committee on Dangerous Drugs">Dangerous Drugs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philippine_House_Committee_on_Disaster_Resilience" title="Philippine House Committee on Disaster Resilience">Disaster Resilience</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philippine_House_Committee_on_Ecology" title="Philippine House Committee on Ecology">Ecology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philippine_House_Committee_on_Economic_Affairs" title="Philippine House Committee on Economic Affairs">Economic Affairs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philippine_House_Committee_on_Energy" title="Philippine House Committee on Energy">Energy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philippine_House_Committee_on_Ethics_and_Privileges" title="Philippine House Committee on Ethics and Privileges">Ethics and Privileges</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philippine_House_Committee_on_Foreign_Affairs" title="Philippine House Committee on Foreign Affairs">Foreign Affairs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philippine_House_Committee_on_Games_and_Amusements" title="Philippine House Committee on Games and Amusements">Games and Amusements</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philippine_House_Committee_on_Good_Government_and_Public_Accountability" title="Philippine House Committee on Good Government and Public Accountability">Good Government and Public Accountability</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philippine_House_Committee_on_Government_Enterprises_and_Privatization" title="Philippine House Committee on Government Enterprises and Privatization">Government Enterprises and Privatization</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philippine_House_Committee_on_Government_Reorganization" title="Philippine House Committee on Government Reorganization">Government Reorganization</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philippine_House_Committee_on_Health" title="Philippine House Committee on Health">Health</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philippine_House_Committee_on_Higher_and_Technical_Education" title="Philippine House Committee on Higher and Technical Education">Higher and Technical Education</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philippine_House_Committee_on_Housing_and_Urban_Development" title="Philippine House Committee on Housing and Urban Development">Housing and Urban Development</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philippine_House_Committee_on_Human_Rights" title="Philippine House Committee on Human Rights">Human Rights</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philippine_House_Committee_on_Indigenous_Cultural_Communities_and_Indigenous_Peoples" title="Philippine House Committee on Indigenous Cultural Communities and Indigenous Peoples">Indigenous Cultural Communities and Indigenous Peoples</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philippine_House_Committee_on_Information_and_Communications_Technology" title="Philippine House Committee on Information and Communications Technology">Information and Communications Technology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philippine_House_Committee_on_Inter-Parliamentary_Relations_and_Diplomacy" title="Philippine House Committee on Inter-Parliamentary Relations and Diplomacy">Inter-Parliamentary Relations and Diplomacy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philippine_House_Committee_on_Justice" title="Philippine House Committee on Justice">Justice</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philippine_House_Committee_on_Labor_and_Employment" title="Philippine House Committee on Labor and Employment">Labor and Employment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philippine_House_Committee_on_Legislative_Franchises" title="Philippine House Committee on Legislative Franchises">Legislative Franchises</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philippine_House_Committee_on_Local_Government" title="Philippine House Committee on Local Government">Local Government</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philippine_House_Committee_on_Metro_Manila_Development" title="Philippine House Committee on Metro Manila Development">Metro Manila Development</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philippine_House_Committee_on_Micro,_Small_and_Medium_Enterprise_Development" title="Philippine House Committee on Micro, Small and Medium Enterprise Development">Micro, Small and Medium Enterprise Development</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philippine_House_Committee_on_Mindanao_Affairs" title="Philippine House Committee on Mindanao Affairs">Mindanao Affairs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philippine_House_Committee_on_Muslim_Affairs" title="Philippine House Committee on Muslim Affairs">Muslim Affairs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philippine_House_Committee_on_National_Defense_and_Security" title="Philippine House Committee on National Defense and Security">National Defense and Security</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philippine_House_Committee_on_Natural_Resources" title="Philippine House Committee on Natural Resources">Natural Resources</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philippine_House_Committee_on_Overseas_Workers_Affairs" title="Philippine House Committee on Overseas Workers Affairs">Overseas Workers Affairs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philippine_House_Committee_on_People_Participation" title="Philippine House Committee on People Participation">People Participation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philippine_House_Committee_on_Population_and_Family_Relations" title="Philippine House Committee on Population and Family Relations">Population and Family Relations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philippine_House_Committee_on_Poverty_Alleviation" title="Philippine House Committee on Poverty Alleviation">Poverty Alleviation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philippine_House_Committee_on_Public_Accounts" title="Philippine House Committee on Public Accounts">Public Accounts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philippine_House_Committee_on_Public_Information" title="Philippine House Committee on Public Information">Public Information</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philippine_House_Committee_on_Public_Order_and_Safety" title="Philippine House Committee on Public Order and Safety">Public Order and Safety</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philippine_House_Committee_on_Public_Works_and_Highways" title="Philippine House Committee on Public Works and Highways">Public Works and Highways</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philippine_House_Committee_on_Revision_of_Laws" title="Philippine House Committee on Revision of Laws">Revision of Laws</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philippine_House_Committee_on_Rules" title="Philippine House Committee on Rules">Rules</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philippine_House_Committee_on_Rural_Development" title="Philippine House Committee on Rural Development">Rural Development</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philippine_House_Committee_on_Science_and_Technology" title="Philippine House Committee on Science and Technology">Science and Technology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philippine_House_Committee_on_Social_Services" title="Philippine House Committee on Social Services">Social Services</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philippine_House_Committee_on_Suffrage_and_Electoral_Reforms" title="Philippine House Committee on Suffrage and Electoral Reforms">Suffrage and Electoral Reforms</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philippine_House_Committee_on_Sustainable_Development_Goals" title="Philippine House Committee on Sustainable Development Goals">Sustainable Development Goals</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philippine_House_Committee_on_Tourism" title="Philippine House Committee on Tourism">Tourism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philippine_House_Committee_on_Trade_and_Industry" title="Philippine House Committee on Trade and Industry">Trade and Industry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philippine_House_Committee_on_Transportation" title="Philippine House Committee on Transportation">Transportation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philippine_House_Committee_on_Veterans_Affairs_and_Welfare" title="Philippine House Committee on Veterans Affairs and Welfare">Veterans Affairs and Welfare</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philippine_House_Committee_on_Visayas_Development" title="Philippine House Committee on Visayas Development">Visayas Development</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philippine_House_Committee_on_Ways_and_Means" title="Philippine House Committee on Ways and Means">Ways and Means</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philippine_House_Committee_on_the_Welfare_of_Children" title="Philippine House Committee on the Welfare of Children">Welfare of Children</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philippine_House_Committee_on_Women_and_Gender_Equality" title="Philippine House Committee on Women and Gender Equality">Women and Gender Equality</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philippine_House_Committee_on_Youth_and_Sports_Development" title="Philippine House Committee on Youth and Sports Development">Youth and Sports Development</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Philippine_House_of_Representatives_committees" title="List of Philippine House of Representatives committees">Special<br />committees</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Philippine_House_Special_Committee_on_Bases_Conversion" title="Philippine House Special Committee on Bases Conversion">Bases Conversion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philippine_House_Special_Committee_on_Bicol_Recovery_and_Economic_Development" title="Philippine House Special Committee on Bicol Recovery and Economic Development">Bicol Recovery and Economic Development</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philippine_House_Special_Committee_on_Creative_Industry_and_Performing_Arts" title="Philippine House Special Committee on Creative Industry and Performing Arts">Creative Industry and Performing Arts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Defeat_COVID-19_Ad_Hoc_Committee" title="Defeat COVID-19 Ad Hoc Committee">Defeat COVID-19</a> (Ad hoc committee)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philippine_House_Special_Committee_on_the_East_ASEAN_Growth_Area" title="Philippine House Special Committee on the East ASEAN Growth Area">East ASEAN Growth Area</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philippine_House_Special_Committee_on_Flagship_Programs_and_Projects" title="Philippine House Special Committee on Flagship Programs and Projects">Flagship Programs and Projects</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philippine_House_Special_Committee_on_Food_Security" title="Philippine House Special Committee on Food Security">Food Security</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philippine_House_Special_Committee_on_Globalization_and_WTO" title="Philippine House Special Committee on Globalization and WTO">Globalization and WTO</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philippine_House_Special_Committee_on_Land_Use" title="Philippine House Special Committee on Land Use">Land Use</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philippine_House_Special_Committee_on_the_North_Luzon_Growth_Quadrangle" title="Philippine House Special Committee on the North Luzon Growth Quadrangle">North Luzon Growth Quadrangle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philippine_House_Special_Committee_on_Peace,_Reconciliation_and_Unity" title="Philippine House Special Committee on Peace, Reconciliation and Unity">Peace, Reconciliation and Unity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philippine_House_Special_Committee_on_Persons_with_Disabilities" title="Philippine House Special Committee on Persons with Disabilities">Persons with Disabilities</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philippine_House_Special_Committee_on_Reforestation" title="Philippine House Special Committee on Reforestation">Reforestation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philippine_House_Special_Committee_on_Senior_Citizens" title="Philippine House Special Committee on Senior Citizens">Senior Citizens</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philippine_House_Special_Committee_on_Southern_Tagalog_Development" title="Philippine House Special Committee on Southern Tagalog Development">Southern Tagalog Development</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philippine_House_Special_Committee_on_Strategic_Intelligence" title="Philippine House Special Committee on Strategic Intelligence">Strategic Intelligence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philippine_House_Special_Committee_on_West_Philippine_Sea" title="Philippine House Special Committee on West Philippine Sea">West Philippine Sea</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other bodies</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Commission_on_Appointments" title="Commission on Appointments">Commission on Appointments</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/House_of_Representatives_Electoral_Tribunal" title="House of Representatives Electoral Tribunal">House of Representatives Electoral Tribunal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Judicial_and_Bar_Council" title="Judicial and Bar Council">Judicial and Bar Council</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">See also</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Seal_of_the_Philippine_House_of_Representatives" class="mw-redirect" title="Seal of the Philippine House of Representatives">Seal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mace_of_the_Philippine_House_of_Representatives" class="mw-redirect" title="Mace of the Philippine House of Representatives">Mace</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow hlist" colspan="3"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Revolutionary_Government_of_the_Philippines" title="Revolutionary Government of the Philippines">Malolos Congress</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philippine_Assembly" title="Philippine Assembly">Philippine Assembly</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Assembly_of_the_Philippines" title="National Assembly of the Philippines">Commonwealth National Assemby</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Assembly_(Second_Philippine_Republic)" title="National Assembly (Second Philippine Republic)">Second Republic National Assembly</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Batasang_Pambansa" class="mw-redirect" title="Batasang Pambansa">Batasang Pambansa</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1214851843">.mw-parser-output .hidden-begin{box-sizing:border-box;width:100%;padding:5px;border:none;font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .hidden-title{font-weight:bold;line-height:1.6;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .hidden-content{text-align:left}@media all and (max-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .hidden-begin{width:auto!important;clear:none!important;float:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Legislative_districts_of_the_Philippines" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Philippine_legislative_districts" title="Template:Philippine legislative districts"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Philippine_legislative_districts" title="Template talk:Philippine legislative districts"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Philippine_legislative_districts" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Philippine legislative districts"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Legislative_districts_of_the_Philippines" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Legislative_districts_of_the_Philippines" title="Legislative districts of the Philippines">Legislative districts of the Philippines</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Luzon" title="Luzon">Luzon</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Legislative_district_of_Abra" class="mw-redirect" title="Legislative district of Abra">Abra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legislative_districts_of_Albay" title="Legislative districts of Albay">Albay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legislative_districts_of_Antipolo" title="Legislative districts of Antipolo">Antipolo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legislative_districts_of_Apayao" title="Legislative districts of Apayao">Apayao</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legislative_districts_of_Aurora" title="Legislative districts of Aurora">Aurora</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legislative_districts_of_Baguio" title="Legislative districts of Baguio">Baguio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legislative_districts_of_Bataan" title="Legislative districts of Bataan">Bataan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legislative_districts_of_Batanes" title="Legislative districts of Batanes">Batanes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legislative_districts_of_Batangas" title="Legislative districts of Batangas">Batangas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legislative_districts_of_Benguet" title="Legislative districts of Benguet">Benguet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legislative_districts_of_Bi%C3%B1an" title="Legislative districts of Biñan">Biñan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legislative_districts_of_Bulacan" title="Legislative districts of Bulacan">Bulacan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legislative_districts_of_Cagayan" title="Legislative districts of Cagayan">Cagayan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legislative_districts_of_Calamba" title="Legislative districts of Calamba">Calamba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legislative_districts_of_Caloocan" title="Legislative districts of Caloocan">Caloocan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legislative_districts_of_Camarines_Norte" title="Legislative districts of Camarines Norte">Camarines Norte</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legislative_districts_of_Camarines_Sur" title="Legislative districts of Camarines Sur">Camarines Sur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legislative_districts_of_Catanduanes" title="Legislative districts of Catanduanes">Catanduanes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legislative_districts_of_Cavite" title="Legislative districts of Cavite">Cavite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legislative_districts_of_Ifugao" title="Legislative districts of Ifugao">Ifugao</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legislative_districts_of_Ilocos_Norte" title="Legislative districts of Ilocos Norte">Ilocos Norte</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legislative_districts_of_Ilocos_Sur" title="Legislative districts of Ilocos Sur">Ilocos Sur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legislative_districts_of_Isabela" title="Legislative districts of Isabela">Isabela</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legislative_districts_of_Kalinga" title="Legislative districts of Kalinga">Kalinga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legislative_districts_of_La_Union" title="Legislative districts of La Union">La Union</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legislative_districts_of_Laguna" title="Legislative districts of Laguna">Laguna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legislative_districts_of_Las_Pi%C3%B1as" title="Legislative districts of Las Piñas">Las Piñas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legislative_districts_of_Malabon" title="Legislative districts of Malabon">Malabon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legislative_districts_of_Makati" title="Legislative districts of Makati">Makati</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legislative_districts_of_Mandaluyong" title="Legislative districts of Mandaluyong">Mandaluyong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legislative_districts_of_Manila" title="Legislative districts of Manila">Manila</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legislative_districts_of_Marikina" title="Legislative districts of Marikina">Marikina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legislative_districts_of_Marinduque" title="Legislative districts of Marinduque">Marinduque</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legislative_districts_of_Masbate" title="Legislative districts of Masbate">Masbate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legislative_districts_of_Mountain_Province" title="Legislative districts of Mountain Province">Mountain Province</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legislative_districts_of_Muntinlupa" title="Legislative districts of Muntinlupa">Muntinlupa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legislative_districts_of_Navotas" title="Legislative districts of Navotas">Navotas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legislative_districts_of_Nueva_Ecija" title="Legislative districts of Nueva Ecija">Nueva Ecija</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legislative_districts_of_Nueva_Vizcaya" title="Legislative districts of Nueva Vizcaya">Nueva Vizcaya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legislative_districts_of_Occidental_Mindoro" title="Legislative districts of Occidental Mindoro">Occidental Mindoro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legislative_districts_of_Oriental_Mindoro" title="Legislative districts of Oriental Mindoro">Oriental Mindoro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legislative_districts_of_Palawan" title="Legislative districts of Palawan">Palawan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legislative_districts_of_Pampanga" title="Legislative districts of Pampanga">Pampanga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legislative_districts_of_Pangasinan" title="Legislative districts of Pangasinan">Pangasinan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legislative_districts_of_Para%C3%B1aque" title="Legislative districts of Parañaque">Parañaque</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legislative_districts_of_Pasay" title="Legislative districts of Pasay">Pasay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legislative_districts_of_Pasig" title="Legislative districts of Pasig">Pasig</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legislative_districts_of_Pateros%E2%80%93Taguig" title="Legislative districts of Pateros–Taguig">Pateros & Taguig</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legislative_districts_of_Quezon" title="Legislative districts of Quezon">Quezon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legislative_districts_of_Quezon_City" title="Legislative districts of Quezon City">Quezon City</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legislative_districts_of_Quirino" title="Legislative districts of Quirino">Quirino</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legislative_districts_of_Rizal" title="Legislative districts of Rizal">Rizal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legislative_districts_of_Romblon" title="Legislative districts of Romblon">Romblon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legislative_districts_of_San_Jose_del_Monte" title="Legislative districts of San Jose del Monte">San Jose del Monte</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legislative_districts_of_San_Juan" title="Legislative districts of San Juan">San Juan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legislative_districts_of_Santa_Rosa" title="Legislative districts of Santa Rosa">Santa Rosa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legislative_districts_of_Sorsogon" title="Legislative districts of Sorsogon">Sorsogon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legislative_districts_of_Taguig" title="Legislative districts of Taguig">Taguig</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legislative_districts_of_Tarlac" title="Legislative districts of Tarlac">Tarlac</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legislative_districts_of_Valenzuela" title="Legislative districts of Valenzuela">Valenzuela</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legislative_districts_of_Zambales" title="Legislative districts of Zambales">Zambales</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Visayas" title="Visayas">Visayas</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Legislative_districts_of_Aklan" title="Legislative districts of Aklan">Aklan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legislative_districts_of_Antique" title="Legislative districts of Antique">Antique</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legislative_districts_of_Bacolod" title="Legislative districts of Bacolod">Bacolod</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legislative_districts_of_Biliran" title="Legislative districts of Biliran">Biliran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legislative_districts_of_Bohol" title="Legislative districts of Bohol">Bohol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legislative_districts_of_Capiz" title="Legislative districts of Capiz">Capiz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legislative_districts_of_Cebu" title="Legislative districts of Cebu">Cebu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legislative_districts_of_Cebu_City" title="Legislative districts of Cebu City">Cebu City</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legislative_districts_of_Eastern_Samar" title="Legislative districts of Eastern Samar">Eastern Samar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legislative_districts_of_Guimaras" title="Legislative districts of Guimaras">Guimaras</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legislative_districts_of_Iloilo" title="Legislative districts of Iloilo">Iloilo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legislative_districts_of_Iloilo_City" title="Legislative districts of Iloilo City">Iloilo City</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legislative_districts_of_Lapu-Lapu_City" title="Legislative districts of Lapu-Lapu City">Lapu-Lapu City</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legislative_districts_of_Leyte" title="Legislative districts of Leyte">Leyte</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legislative_district_of_Mandaue" class="mw-redirect" title="Legislative district of Mandaue">Mandaue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legislative_districts_of_Negros_Occidental" title="Legislative districts of Negros Occidental">Negros Occidental</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legislative_districts_of_Negros_Oriental" title="Legislative districts of Negros Oriental">Negros Oriental</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legislative_districts_of_Northern_Samar" title="Legislative districts of Northern Samar">Northern Samar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legislative_districts_of_Samar" title="Legislative districts of Samar">Samar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legislative_districts_of_Siquijor" title="Legislative districts of Siquijor">Siquijor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legislative_districts_of_Southern_Leyte" title="Legislative districts of Southern Leyte">Southern Leyte</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Mindanao" title="Mindanao">Mindanao</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Legislative_districts_of_Agusan_del_Norte" title="Legislative districts of Agusan del Norte">Agusan del Norte</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legislative_districts_of_Agusan_del_Sur" title="Legislative districts of Agusan del Sur">Agusan del Sur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legislative_district_of_Basilan" class="mw-redirect" title="Legislative district of Basilan">Basilan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legislative_districts_of_Bukidnon" title="Legislative districts of Bukidnon">Bukidnon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legislative_district_of_Butuan" class="mw-redirect" title="Legislative district of Butuan">Butuan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legislative_districts_of_Cagayan_de_Oro" title="Legislative districts of Cagayan de Oro">Cagayan de Oro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legislative_districts_of_Camiguin" title="Legislative districts of Camiguin">Camiguin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legislative_districts_of_Cotabato" title="Legislative districts of Cotabato">Cotabato</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legislative_districts_of_Davao_City" title="Legislative districts of Davao City">Davao City</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legislative_districts_of_Davao_de_Oro" title="Legislative districts of Davao de Oro">Davao de Oro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legislative_districts_of_Davao_del_Norte" title="Legislative districts of Davao del Norte">Davao del Norte</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legislative_district_of_Davao_del_Sur" class="mw-redirect" title="Legislative district of Davao del Sur">Davao del Sur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legislative_district_of_Davao_Occidental" class="mw-redirect" title="Legislative district of Davao Occidental">Davao Occidental</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legislative_districts_of_Davao_Oriental" title="Legislative districts of Davao Oriental">Davao Oriental</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legislative_districts_of_Dinagat_Islands" title="Legislative districts of Dinagat Islands">Dinagat Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legislative_districts_of_General_Santos" class="mw-redirect" title="Legislative districts of General Santos">General Santos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legislative_districts_of_Iligan" title="Legislative districts of Iligan">Iligan </a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legislative_districts_of_Lanao_del_Norte" title="Legislative districts of Lanao del Norte">Lanao del Norte</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legislative_districts_of_Lanao_del_Sur" title="Legislative districts of Lanao del Sur">Lanao del Sur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legislative_district_of_Maguindanao_del_Norte" title="Legislative district of Maguindanao del Norte">Maguindanao del Norte</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legislative_district_of_Maguindanao_del_Sur" title="Legislative district of Maguindanao del Sur">Maguindanao del Sur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legislative_districts_of_Misamis_Occidental" title="Legislative districts of Misamis Occidental">Misamis Occidental</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legislative_districts_of_Misamis_Oriental" title="Legislative districts of Misamis Oriental">Misamis Oriental</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legislative_districts_of_Sarangani" title="Legislative districts of Sarangani">Sarangani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legislative_districts_of_South_Cotabato" title="Legislative districts of South Cotabato">South Cotabato</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legislative_districts_of_Sultan_Kudarat" title="Legislative districts of Sultan Kudarat">Sultan Kudarat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legislative_districts_of_Sulu" title="Legislative districts of Sulu">Sulu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legislative_districts_of_Surigao_del_Norte" title="Legislative districts of Surigao del Norte">Surigao del Norte</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legislative_districts_of_Surigao_del_Sur" title="Legislative districts of Surigao del Sur">Surigao del Sur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legislative_districts_of_Tawi-Tawi" class="mw-redirect" title="Legislative districts of Tawi-Tawi">Tawi-Tawi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legislative_districts_of_Zamboanga_City" title="Legislative districts of Zamboanga City">Zamboanga City</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legislative_districts_of_Zamboanga_del_Norte" title="Legislative districts of Zamboanga del Norte">Zamboanga del Norte</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legislative_districts_of_Zamboanga_del_Sur" title="Legislative districts of Zamboanga del Sur">Zamboanga del Sur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legislative_districts_of_Zamboanga_Sibugay" title="Legislative districts of Zamboanga Sibugay">Zamboanga Sibugay</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Defunct</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><div class="hidden-begin mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style=""><div class="hidden-title skin-nightmode-reset-color" style="text-align:center;"><span style="color:grey"><i>Defunct districts</i></span></div><div class="hidden-content mw-collapsible-content" style=""> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Legislative_district_of_Agusan" class="mw-redirect" title="Legislative district of Agusan">Agusan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legislative_districts_of_Ambos_Camarines" title="Legislative districts of Ambos Camarines">Ambos Camarines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legislative_district_of_Cavite_City" class="mw-redirect" title="Legislative district of Cavite City">Cavite City</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legislative_district_of_Dasmari%C3%B1as" class="mw-redirect" title="Legislative district of Dasmariñas">Dasmariñas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legislative_district_of_Davao" class="mw-redirect" title="Legislative district of Davao">Davao</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legislative_district_of_Kalinga-Apayao" class="mw-redirect" title="Legislative district of Kalinga-Apayao">Kalinga-Apayao</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legislative_district_of_Lanao" class="mw-redirect" title="Legislative district of Lanao">Lanao</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legislative_district_of_Las_Pi%C3%B1as%E2%80%93Muntinlupa" title="Legislative district of Las Piñas–Muntinlupa">Las Piñas–Muntinlupa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legislative_district_of_Las_Pi%C3%B1as%E2%80%93Para%C3%B1aque" title="Legislative district of Las Piñas–Parañaque">Las Piñas–Parañaque</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legislative_districts_of_Maguindanao" title="Legislative districts of Maguindanao">Maguindanao</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legislative_district_of_Malabon%E2%80%93Navotas" title="Legislative district of Malabon–Navotas">Malabon–Navotas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legislative_district_of_Malabon%E2%80%93Navotas%E2%80%93Valenzuela" title="Legislative district of Malabon–Navotas–Valenzuela">Malabon–Navotas–Valenzuela</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legislative_districts_of_Mindanao_and_Sulu" title="Legislative districts of Mindanao and Sulu">Mindanao & Sulu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legislative_district_of_Mindoro" class="mw-redirect" title="Legislative district of Mindoro">Mindoro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legislative_districts_of_Misamis" title="Legislative districts of Misamis">Misamis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legislative_district_of_Olongapo" class="mw-redirect" title="Legislative district of Olongapo">Olongapo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legislative_district_of_Pasig-Marikina" class="mw-redirect" title="Legislative district of Pasig-Marikina">Pasig–Marikina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legislative_district_of_San_Pablo" class="mw-redirect" title="Legislative district of San Pablo">San Pablo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legislative_district_of_San_Juan%E2%80%93Mandaluyong" title="Legislative district of San Juan–Mandaluyong">San Juan–Mandaluyong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legislative_district_of_Shariff_Kabunsuan" class="mw-redirect" title="Legislative district of Shariff Kabunsuan">Shariff Kabunsuan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legislative_district_of_Surigao" class="mw-redirect" title="Legislative district of Surigao">Surigao</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legislative_district_of_Taguig%E2%80%93Pateros%E2%80%93Muntinlupa" title="Legislative district of Taguig–Pateros–Muntinlupa">Taguig–Pateros–Muntinlupa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legislative_district_of_Zamboanga" class="mw-redirect" title="Legislative district of Zamboanga">Zamboanga</a></li></ul> </div></div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div>See also: <a href="/wiki/Senatorial_districts_of_the_Philippines" title="Senatorial districts of the Philippines">Districts</a> for the <a href="/wiki/Senate_of_the_Philippines" title="Senate of the Philippines">Senate</a> (1916–1935)</div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="22x22px&#124;link=&#124;alt=_Congressional_districts_for_the_House_of_Representatives_of_the_Philippines" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Philippine_congressional_districts" title="Template:Philippine congressional districts"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Philippine_congressional_districts" title="Template talk:Philippine congressional districts"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Philippine_congressional_districts" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Philippine congressional districts"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="22x22px&#124;link=&#124;alt=_Congressional_districts_for_the_House_of_Representatives_of_the_Philippines" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Coat_of_arms_of_the_Philippines.svg/20px-Coat_of_arms_of_the_Philippines.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Coat_of_arms_of_the_Philippines.svg/30px-Coat_of_arms_of_the_Philippines.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Coat_of_arms_of_the_Philippines.svg/40px-Coat_of_arms_of_the_Philippines.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="568" /></span></span>  <a href="/wiki/Congressional_districts_of_the_Philippines" title="Congressional districts of the Philippines">Congressional districts</a> for the <a class="mw-selflink selflink">House of Representatives</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Philippines" title="Philippines">Philippines</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Ilocos_Region" title="Ilocos Region">I</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ilocos_Norte%27s_1st_congressional_district" title="Ilocos Norte's 1st congressional district">Ilocos Norte's 1st</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ilocos_Norte%27s_2nd_congressional_district" title="Ilocos Norte's 2nd congressional district">2nd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ilocos_Sur%27s_1st_congressional_district" title="Ilocos Sur's 1st congressional district">Ilocos Sur's 1st</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ilocos_Sur%27s_2nd_congressional_district" title="Ilocos Sur's 2nd congressional district">2nd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/La_Union%27s_1st_congressional_district" title="La Union's 1st congressional district">La Union's 1st</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/La_Union%27s_2nd_congressional_district" title="La Union's 2nd congressional district">2nd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pangasinan%27s_1st_congressional_district" title="Pangasinan's 1st congressional district">Pangasinan's 1st</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pangasinan%27s_2nd_congressional_district" title="Pangasinan's 2nd congressional district">2nd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pangasinan%27s_3rd_congressional_district" title="Pangasinan's 3rd congressional district">3rd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pangasinan%27s_4th_congressional_district" title="Pangasinan's 4th congressional district">4th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pangasinan%27s_5th_congressional_district" title="Pangasinan's 5th congressional district">5th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pangasinan%27s_6th_congressional_district" title="Pangasinan's 6th congressional district">6th</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Cagayan_Valley" title="Cagayan Valley">II</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Batanes%27s_at-large_congressional_district" title="Batanes's at-large congressional district">Batanes's at-large</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cagayan%27s_1st_congressional_district" title="Cagayan's 1st congressional district">Cagayan's 1st</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cagayan%27s_2nd_congressional_district" title="Cagayan's 2nd congressional district">2nd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cagayan%27s_3rd_congressional_district" title="Cagayan's 3rd congressional district">3rd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Isabela%27s_1st_congressional_district" title="Isabela's 1st congressional district">Isabela's 1st</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Isabela%27s_2nd_congressional_district" title="Isabela's 2nd congressional district">2nd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Isabela%27s_3rd_congressional_district" title="Isabela's 3rd congressional district">3rd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Isabela%27s_4th_congressional_district" title="Isabela's 4th congressional district">4th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Isabela%27s_5th_congressional_district" title="Isabela's 5th congressional district">5th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Isabela%27s_6th_congressional_district" title="Isabela's 6th congressional district">6th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nueva_Vizcaya%27s_at-large_congressional_district" title="Nueva Vizcaya's at-large congressional district">Nueva Vizcaya's at-large</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quirino%27s_at-large_congressional_district" title="Quirino's at-large congressional district">Quirino's at-large</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Central_Luzon" title="Central Luzon">III</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aurora%27s_at-large_congressional_district" title="Aurora's at-large congressional district">Aurora's at-large</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bataan%27s_1st_congressional_district" title="Bataan's 1st congressional district">Bataan's 1st</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bataan%27s_2nd_congressional_district" title="Bataan's 2nd congressional district">2nd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bataan%27s_3rd_congressional_district" title="Bataan's 3rd congressional district">3rd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bulacan%27s_1st_congressional_district" title="Bulacan's 1st congressional district">Bulacan's 1st</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bulacan%27s_2nd_congressional_district" title="Bulacan's 2nd congressional district">2nd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bulacan%27s_3rd_congressional_district" title="Bulacan's 3rd congressional district">3rd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bulacan%27s_4th_congressional_district" title="Bulacan's 4th congressional district">4th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bulacan%27s_5th_congressional_district" title="Bulacan's 5th congressional district">5th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bulacan%27s_6th_congressional_district" title="Bulacan's 6th congressional district">6th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nueva_Ecija%27s_1st_congressional_district" title="Nueva Ecija's 1st congressional district">Nueva Ecija's 1st</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nueva_Ecija%27s_2nd_congressional_district" title="Nueva Ecija's 2nd congressional district">2nd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nueva_Ecija%27s_3rd_congressional_district" title="Nueva Ecija's 3rd congressional district">3rd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nueva_Ecija%27s_4th_congressional_district" title="Nueva Ecija's 4th congressional district">4th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pampanga%27s_1st_congressional_district" title="Pampanga's 1st congressional district">Pampanga's 1st</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pampanga%27s_2nd_congressional_district" title="Pampanga's 2nd congressional district">2nd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pampanga%27s_3rd_congressional_district" title="Pampanga's 3rd congressional district">3rd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pampanga%27s_4th_congressional_district" title="Pampanga's 4th congressional district">4th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/San_Jose_del_Monte%27s_at-large_congressional_district" title="San Jose del Monte's at-large congressional district">San Jose del Monte's at-large</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tarlac%27s_1st_congressional_district" title="Tarlac's 1st congressional district">Tarlac's 1st</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tarlac%27s_2nd_congressional_district" title="Tarlac's 2nd congressional district">2nd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tarlac%27s_3rd_congressional_district" title="Tarlac's 3rd congressional district">3rd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zambales%27s_1st_congressional_district" title="Zambales's 1st congressional district">Zambales's 1st</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zambales%27s_2nd_congressional_district" title="Zambales's 2nd congressional district">2nd</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Calabarzon" title="Calabarzon">IV-A</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Antipolo%27s_1st_congressional_district" title="Antipolo's 1st congressional district">Antipolo's 1st</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antipolo%27s_2nd_congressional_district" title="Antipolo's 2nd congressional district">2nd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Batangas%27s_1st_congressional_district" title="Batangas's 1st congressional district">Batangas's 1st</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Batangas%27s_2nd_congressional_district" title="Batangas's 2nd congressional district">2nd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Batangas%27s_3rd_congressional_district" title="Batangas's 3rd congressional district">3rd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Batangas%27s_4th_congressional_district" title="Batangas's 4th congressional district">4th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Batangas%27s_5th_congressional_district" title="Batangas's 5th congressional district">5th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Batangas%27s_6th_congressional_district" title="Batangas's 6th congressional district">6th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bi%C3%B1an%27s_at-large_congressional_district" title="Biñan's at-large congressional district">Biñan's at-large</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Calamba%27s_at-large_congressional_district" title="Calamba's at-large congressional district">Calamba's at-large</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cavite%27s_1st_congressional_district" title="Cavite's 1st congressional district">Cavite's 1st</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cavite%27s_2nd_congressional_district" title="Cavite's 2nd congressional district">2nd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cavite%27s_3rd_congressional_district" title="Cavite's 3rd congressional district">3rd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cavite%27s_4th_congressional_district" title="Cavite's 4th congressional district">4th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cavite%27s_5th_congressional_district" title="Cavite's 5th congressional district">5th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cavite%27s_6th_congressional_district" title="Cavite's 6th congressional district">6th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cavite%27s_7th_congressional_district" title="Cavite's 7th congressional district">7th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cavite%27s_8th_congressional_district" title="Cavite's 8th congressional district">8th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Laguna%27s_1st_congressional_district" title="Laguna's 1st congressional district">Laguna's 1st</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Laguna%27s_2nd_congressional_district" title="Laguna's 2nd congressional district">2nd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Laguna%27s_3rd_congressional_district" title="Laguna's 3rd congressional district">3rd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Laguna%27s_4th_congressional_district" title="Laguna's 4th congressional district">4th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quezon%27s_1st_congressional_district" title="Quezon's 1st congressional district">Quezon's 1st</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quezon%27s_2nd_congressional_district" title="Quezon's 2nd congressional district">2nd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quezon%27s_3rd_congressional_district" title="Quezon's 3rd congressional district">3rd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quezon%27s_4th_congressional_district" title="Quezon's 4th congressional district">4th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rizal%27s_1st_congressional_district" title="Rizal's 1st congressional district">Rizal's 1st</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rizal%27s_2nd_congressional_district" title="Rizal's 2nd congressional district">2nd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rizal%27s_3rd_congressional_district" title="Rizal's 3rd congressional district">3rd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rizal%27s_4th_congressional_district" title="Rizal's 4th congressional district">4th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Santa_Rosa%27s_at-large_congressional_district" title="Santa Rosa's at-large congressional district">Santa Rosa's at-large</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Bicol_Region" title="Bicol Region">V</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Albay%27s_1st_congressional_district" title="Albay's 1st congressional district">Albay's 1st</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albay%27s_2nd_congressional_district" title="Albay's 2nd congressional district">2nd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albay%27s_3rd_congressional_district" title="Albay's 3rd congressional district">3rd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Camarines_Norte%27s_1st_congressional_district" title="Camarines Norte's 1st congressional district">Camarines Norte's 1st</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Camarines_Norte%27s_2nd_congressional_district" title="Camarines Norte's 2nd congressional district">2nd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Camarines_Sur%27s_1st_congressional_district" title="Camarines Sur's 1st congressional district">Camarines Sur's 1st</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Camarines_Sur%27s_2nd_congressional_district" title="Camarines Sur's 2nd congressional district">2nd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Camarines_Sur%27s_3rd_congressional_district" title="Camarines Sur's 3rd congressional district">3rd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Camarines_Sur%27s_4th_congressional_district" title="Camarines Sur's 4th congressional district">4th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Camarines_Sur%27s_5th_congressional_district" title="Camarines Sur's 5th congressional district">5th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catanduanes%27s_at-large_congressional_district" title="Catanduanes's at-large congressional district">Catanduanes's at-large</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Masbate%27s_1st_congressional_district" title="Masbate's 1st congressional district">Masbate's 1st</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Masbate%27s_2nd_congressional_district" title="Masbate's 2nd congressional district">2nd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Masbate%27s_3rd_congressional_district" title="Masbate's 3rd congressional district">3rd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sorsogon%27s_1st_congressional_district" title="Sorsogon's 1st congressional district">Sorsogon's 1st</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sorsogon%27s_2nd_congressional_district" title="Sorsogon's 2nd congressional district">2nd</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Western_Visayas" title="Western Visayas">VI</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aklan%27s_1st_congressional_district" title="Aklan's 1st congressional district">Aklan's 1st</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aklan%27s_2nd_congressional_district" title="Aklan's 2nd congressional district">2nd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antique%27s_at-large_congressional_district" title="Antique's at-large congressional district">Antique's at-large</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Capiz%27s_1st_congressional_district" title="Capiz's 1st congressional district">Capiz's 1st</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Capiz%27s_2nd_congressional_district" title="Capiz's 2nd congressional district">2nd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guimaras%27s_at-large_congressional_district" title="Guimaras's at-large congressional district">Guimaras's at-large</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iloilo%27s_1st_congressional_district" title="Iloilo's 1st congressional district">Iloilo's 1st</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iloilo%27s_2nd_congressional_district" title="Iloilo's 2nd congressional district">2nd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iloilo%27s_3rd_congressional_district" title="Iloilo's 3rd congressional district">3rd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iloilo%27s_4th_congressional_district" title="Iloilo's 4th congressional district">4th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iloilo%27s_5th_congressional_district" title="Iloilo's 5th congressional district">5th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iloilo_City%27s_at-large_congressional_district" title="Iloilo City's at-large congressional district">Iloilo City's at-large</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Central_Visayas" title="Central Visayas">VII</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bohol%27s_1st_congressional_district" title="Bohol's 1st congressional district">Bohol's 1st</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bohol%27s_2nd_congressional_district" title="Bohol's 2nd congressional district">2nd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bohol%27s_3rd_congressional_district" title="Bohol's 3rd congressional district">3rd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cebu%27s_1st_congressional_district" title="Cebu's 1st congressional district">Cebu's 1st</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cebu%27s_2nd_congressional_district" title="Cebu's 2nd congressional district">2nd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cebu%27s_3rd_congressional_district" title="Cebu's 3rd congressional district">3rd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cebu%27s_4th_congressional_district" title="Cebu's 4th congressional district">4th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cebu%27s_5th_congressional_district" title="Cebu's 5th congressional district">5th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cebu%27s_6th_congressional_district" title="Cebu's 6th congressional district">6th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cebu%27s_7th_congressional_district" title="Cebu's 7th congressional district">7th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cebu_City%27s_1st_congressional_district" title="Cebu City's 1st congressional district">Cebu City's 1st</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cebu_City%27s_2nd_congressional_district" title="Cebu City's 2nd congressional district">2nd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lapu-Lapu_City%27s_at-large_congressional_district" title="Lapu-Lapu City's at-large congressional district">Lapu-Lapu City's at-large</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mandaue%27s_at-large_congressional_district" title="Mandaue's at-large congressional district">Mandaue's at-large</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Eastern_Visayas" title="Eastern Visayas">VIII</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Biliran%27s_at-large_congressional_district" title="Biliran's at-large congressional district">Biliran's at-large</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eastern_Samar%27s_at-large_congressional_district" title="Eastern Samar's at-large congressional district">Eastern Samar's at-large</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leyte%27s_1st_congressional_district" title="Leyte's 1st congressional district">Leyte's 1st</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leyte%27s_2nd_congressional_district" title="Leyte's 2nd congressional district">2nd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leyte%27s_3rd_congressional_district" title="Leyte's 3rd congressional district">3rd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leyte%27s_4th_congressional_district" title="Leyte's 4th congressional district">4th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leyte%27s_5th_congressional_district" title="Leyte's 5th congressional district">5th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northern_Samar%27s_1st_congressional_district" title="Northern Samar's 1st congressional district">Northern Samar's 1st</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northern_Samar%27s_2nd_congressional_district" title="Northern Samar's 2nd congressional district">2nd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samar%27s_1st_congressional_district" title="Samar's 1st congressional district">Samar's 1st</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samar%27s_2nd_congressional_district" title="Samar's 2nd congressional district">2nd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Southern_Leyte%27s_1st_congressional_district" title="Southern Leyte's 1st congressional district">Southern Leyte's 1st</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Southern_Leyte%27s_2nd_congressional_district" title="Southern Leyte's 2nd congressional district">2nd</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Zamboanga_Peninsula" title="Zamboanga Peninsula">IX</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Zamboanga_City%27s_1st_congressional_district" title="Zamboanga City's 1st congressional district">Zamboanga City's 1st</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zamboanga_City%27s_2nd_congressional_district" title="Zamboanga City's 2nd congressional district">2nd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zamboanga_del_Norte%27s_1st_congressional_district" title="Zamboanga del Norte's 1st congressional district">Zamboanga del Norte's 1st</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zamboanga_del_Norte%27s_2nd_congressional_district" title="Zamboanga del Norte's 2nd congressional district">2nd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zamboanga_del_Norte%27s_3rd_congressional_district" title="Zamboanga del Norte's 3rd congressional district">3rd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zamboanga_del_Sur%27s_1st_congressional_district" title="Zamboanga del Sur's 1st congressional district">Zamboanga del Sur's 1st</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zamboanga_del_Sur%27s_2nd_congressional_district" title="Zamboanga del Sur's 2nd congressional district">2nd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zamboanga_Sibugay%27s_1st_congressional_district" title="Zamboanga Sibugay's 1st congressional district">Zamboanga Sibugay's 1st</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zamboanga_Sibugay%27s_2nd_congressional_district" title="Zamboanga Sibugay's 2nd congressional district">2nd</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Northern_Mindanao" title="Northern Mindanao">X</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bukidnon%27s_1st_congressional_district" title="Bukidnon's 1st congressional district">Bukidnon's 1st</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bukidnon%27s_2nd_congressional_district" title="Bukidnon's 2nd congressional district">2nd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bukidnon%27s_3rd_congressional_district" title="Bukidnon's 3rd congressional district">3rd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bukidnon%27s_4th_congressional_district" title="Bukidnon's 4th congressional district">4th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cagayan_de_Oro%27s_1st_congressional_district" title="Cagayan de Oro's 1st congressional district">Cagayan de Oro's 1st</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cagayan_de_Oro%27s_2nd_congressional_district" title="Cagayan de Oro's 2nd congressional district">2nd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Camiguin%27s_at-large_congressional_district" title="Camiguin's at-large congressional district">Camiguin's at-large</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iligan%27s_at-large_congressional_district" title="Iligan's at-large congressional district">Iligan's at-large</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lanao_del_Norte%27s_1st_congressional_district" title="Lanao del Norte's 1st congressional district">Lanao del Norte's 1st</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lanao_del_Norte%27s_2nd_congressional_district" title="Lanao del Norte's 2nd congressional district">2nd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Misamis_Occidental%27s_1st_congressional_district" title="Misamis Occidental's 1st congressional district">Misamis Occidental's 1st</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Misamis_Occidental%27s_2nd_congressional_district" title="Misamis Occidental's 2nd congressional district">2nd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Misamis_Oriental%27s_1st_congressional_district" title="Misamis Oriental's 1st congressional district">Misamis Oriental's 1st</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Misamis_Oriental%27s_2nd_congressional_district" title="Misamis Oriental's 2nd congressional district">2nd</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Davao_Region" title="Davao Region">XI</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Davao_City%27s_1st_congressional_district" title="Davao City's 1st congressional district">Davao City's 1st</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Davao_City%27s_2nd_congressional_district" title="Davao City's 2nd congressional district">2nd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Davao_City%27s_3rd_congressional_district" title="Davao City's 3rd congressional district">3rd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Davao_de_Oro%27s_1st_congressional_district" title="Davao de Oro's 1st congressional district">Davao de Oro's 1st</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Davao_de_Oro%27s_2nd_congressional_district" title="Davao de Oro's 2nd congressional district">2nd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Davao_del_Norte%27s_1st_congressional_district" title="Davao del Norte's 1st congressional district">Davao del Norte's 1st</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Davao_del_Norte%27s_2nd_congressional_district" title="Davao del Norte's 2nd congressional district">2nd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Davao_del_Sur%27s_at-large_congressional_district" title="Davao del Sur's at-large congressional district">Davao del Sur's at-large</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Davao_Occidental%27s_at-large_congressional_district" title="Davao Occidental's at-large congressional district">Davao Occidental's at-large</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Davao_Oriental%27s_1st_congressional_district" title="Davao Oriental's 1st congressional district">Davao Oriental's 1st</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Davao_Oriental%27s_2nd_congressional_district" title="Davao Oriental's 2nd congressional district">2nd</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Soccsksargen" title="Soccsksargen">XII</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cotabato%27s_1st_congressional_district" title="Cotabato's 1st congressional district">Cotabato's 1st</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cotabato%27s_2nd_congressional_district" title="Cotabato's 2nd congressional district">2nd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cotabato%27s_3rd_congressional_district" title="Cotabato's 3rd congressional district">3rd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/General_Santos%27_at-large_congressional_district" class="mw-redirect" title="General Santos' at-large congressional district">General Santos' at-large</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sarangani%27s_at-large_congressional_district" title="Sarangani's at-large congressional district">Sarangani's at-large</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Cotabato%27s_1st_congressional_district" title="South Cotabato's 1st congressional district">South Cotabato's 1st</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Cotabato%27s_2nd_congressional_district" title="South Cotabato's 2nd congressional district">2nd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sultan_Kudarat%27s_1st_congressional_district" title="Sultan Kudarat's 1st congressional district">Sultan Kudarat's 1st</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sultan_Kudarat%27s_2nd_congressional_district" title="Sultan Kudarat's 2nd congressional district">2nd</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Caraga" title="Caraga">XIII</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Agusan_del_Norte%27s_1st_congressional_district" title="Agusan del Norte's 1st congressional district">Agusan del Norte's 1st</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Agusan_del_Norte%27s_2nd_congressional_district" title="Agusan del Norte's 2nd congressional district">2nd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Agusan_del_Sur%27s_1st_congressional_district" title="Agusan del Sur's 1st congressional district">Agusan del Sur's 1st</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Agusan_del_Sur%27s_2nd_congressional_district" title="Agusan del Sur's 2nd congressional district">2nd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dinagat_Islands%27s_at-large_congressional_district" title="Dinagat Islands's at-large congressional district">Dinagat Islands's at-large</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Surigao_del_Norte%27s_1st_congressional_district" title="Surigao del Norte's 1st congressional district">Surigao del Norte's 1st</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Surigao_del_Norte%27s_2nd_congressional_district" title="Surigao del Norte's 2nd congressional district">2nd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Surigao_del_Sur%27s_1st_congressional_district" title="Surigao del Sur's 1st congressional district">Surigao del Sur's 1st</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Surigao_del_Sur%27s_2nd_congressional_district" title="Surigao del Sur's 2nd congressional district">2nd</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Bangsamoro" title="Bangsamoro">BARMM</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Basilan%27s_at-large_congressional_district" title="Basilan's at-large congressional district">Basilan's at-large</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lanao_del_Sur%27s_1st_congressional_district" title="Lanao del Sur's 1st congressional district">Lanao del Sur's 1st</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lanao_del_Sur%27s_1st_congressional_district" title="Lanao del Sur's 1st congressional district">2nd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maguindanao_del_Norte%27s_at-large_congressional_district" title="Maguindanao del Norte's at-large congressional district">Maguindanao del Norte's at-large</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maguindanao_del_Sur%27s_at-large_congressional_district" title="Maguindanao del Sur's at-large congressional district">Maguindanao del Sur's at-large</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sulu%27s_1st_congressional_district" title="Sulu's 1st congressional district">Sulu's 1st</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sulu%27s_2nd_congressional_district" title="Sulu's 2nd congressional district">2nd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tawi-Tawi%27s_at-large_congressional_district" title="Tawi-Tawi's at-large congressional district">Tawi-Tawi's at-large</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Cordillera_Administrative_Region" title="Cordillera Administrative Region">CAR</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abra%27s_at-large_congressional_district" title="Abra's at-large congressional district">Abra's at-large</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apayao%27s_at-large_congressional_district" title="Apayao's at-large congressional district">Apayao's at-large</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baguio%27s_at-large_congressional_district" title="Baguio's at-large congressional district">Baguio's at-large</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Benguet%27s_at-large_congressional_district&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Benguet's at-large congressional district (page does not exist)">Benguet's at-large</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ifugao%27s_at-large_congressional_district" class="mw-redirect" title="Ifugao's at-large congressional district">Ifugao's at-large</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kalinga%27s_at-large_congressional_district&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kalinga's at-large congressional district (page does not exist)">Kalinga's at-large</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mountain_Province%27s_at-large_congressional_district" class="mw-redirect" title="Mountain Province's at-large congressional district">Mountain Province's at-large</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Mimaropa" title="Mimaropa">Mimaropa</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Marinduque%27s_at-large_congressional_district" title="Marinduque's at-large congressional district">Marinduque's at-large</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Occidental_Mindoro%27s_at-large_congressional_district" title="Occidental Mindoro's at-large congressional district">Occidental Mindoro's at-large</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oriental_Mindoro%27s_1st_congressional_district" title="Oriental Mindoro's 1st congressional district">Oriental Mindoro's 1st</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oriental_Mindoro%27s_2nd_congressional_district" title="Oriental Mindoro's 2nd congressional district">2nd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palawan%27s_1st_congressional_district" title="Palawan's 1st congressional district">Palawan's 1st</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palawan%27s_2nd_congressional_district" title="Palawan's 2nd congressional district">2nd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palawan%27s_3rd_congressional_district" title="Palawan's 3rd congressional district">3rd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romblon%27s_at-large_congressional_district" title="Romblon's at-large congressional district">Romblon's at-large</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Negros_Island_Region" title="Negros Island Region">NIR</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bacolod%27s_at-large_congressional_district" title="Bacolod's at-large congressional district">Bacolod's at-large</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Negros_Occidental%27s_1st_congressional_district" title="Negros Occidental's 1st congressional district">Negros Occidental's 1st</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Negros_Occidental%27s_2nd_congressional_district" title="Negros Occidental's 2nd congressional district">2nd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Negros_Occidental%27s_3rd_congressional_district" title="Negros Occidental's 3rd congressional district">3rd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Negros_Occidental%27s_4th_congressional_district" title="Negros Occidental's 4th congressional district">4th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Negros_Occidental%27s_5th_congressional_district" title="Negros Occidental's 5th congressional district">5th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Negros_Occidental%27s_6th_congressional_district" title="Negros Occidental's 6th congressional district">6th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Negros_Oriental%27s_1st_congressional_district" title="Negros Oriental's 1st congressional district">Negros Oriental's 1st</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Negros_Oriental%27s_2nd_congressional_district" title="Negros Oriental's 2nd congressional district">2nd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Negros_Oriental%27s_3rd_congressional_district" title="Negros Oriental's 3rd congressional district">3rd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siquijor%27s_at-large_congressional_district" title="Siquijor's at-large congressional district">Siquijor's at-large</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Metro_Manila" title="Metro Manila">NCR</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Caloocan%27s_1st_congressional_district" title="Caloocan's 1st congressional district">Caloocan's 1st</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caloocan%27s_2nd_congressional_district" title="Caloocan's 2nd congressional district">2nd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caloocan%27s_3rd_congressional_district" title="Caloocan's 3rd congressional district">3rd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Las_Pi%C3%B1as%27s_at-large_congressional_district" title="Las Piñas's at-large congressional district">Las Piñas's at-large</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Makati%27s_1st_congressional_district" title="Makati's 1st congressional district">Makati's 1st</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Makati%27s_2nd_congressional_district" title="Makati's 2nd congressional district">2nd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malabon%27s_at-large_congressional_district" title="Malabon's at-large congressional district">Malabon's at-large</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mandaluyong%27s_at-large_congressional_district" title="Mandaluyong's at-large congressional district">Mandaluyong's at-large</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manila%27s_1st_congressional_district" title="Manila's 1st congressional district">Manila's 1st</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manila%27s_2nd_congressional_district" title="Manila's 2nd congressional district">2nd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manila%27s_3rd_congressional_district" title="Manila's 3rd congressional district">3rd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manila%27s_4th_congressional_district" title="Manila's 4th congressional district">4th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manila%27s_5th_congressional_district" title="Manila's 5th congressional district">5th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manila%27s_6th_congressional_district" title="Manila's 6th congressional district">6th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marikina%27s_1st_congressional_district" title="Marikina's 1st congressional district">Marikina's 1st</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marikina%27s_2nd_congressional_district" title="Marikina's 2nd congressional district">2nd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muntinlupa%27s_at-large_congressional_district" title="Muntinlupa's at-large congressional district">Muntinlupa's at-large</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Navotas%27s_at-large_congressional_district" title="Navotas's at-large congressional district">Navotas's at-large</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Para%C3%B1aque%27s_1st_congressional_district" title="Parañaque's 1st congressional district">Parañaque's 1st</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Para%C3%B1aque%27s_2nd_congressional_district" title="Parañaque's 2nd congressional district">2nd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pasay%27s_at-large_congressional_district" title="Pasay's at-large congressional district">Pasay's at-large</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pasig%27s_at-large_congressional_district" title="Pasig's at-large congressional district">Pasig's at-large</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quezon_City%27s_1st_congressional_district" title="Quezon City's 1st congressional district">Quezon City's 1st</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quezon_City%27s_2nd_congressional_district" title="Quezon City's 2nd congressional district">2nd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quezon_City%27s_3rd_congressional_district" title="Quezon City's 3rd congressional district">3rd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quezon_City%27s_4th_congressional_district" title="Quezon City's 4th congressional district">4th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quezon_City%27s_5th_congressional_district" title="Quezon City's 5th congressional district">5th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quezon_City%27s_6th_congressional_district" title="Quezon City's 6th congressional district">6th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/San_Juan%27s_at-large_congressional_district" title="San Juan's at-large congressional district">San Juan's at-large</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taguig%E2%80%93Pateros%27s_1st_congressional_district" title="Taguig–Pateros's 1st congressional district">Taguig–Pateros's 1st</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taguig%E2%80%93Pateros%27s_2nd_congressional_district" title="Taguig–Pateros's 2nd congressional district">2nd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Valenzuela%27s_1st_congressional_district" title="Valenzuela's 1st congressional district">Valenzuela's 1st</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Valenzuela%27s_2nd_congressional_district" title="Valenzuela's 2nd congressional district">2nd</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Abolished</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Agusan_del_Norte%27s_at-large_congressional_district" title="Agusan del Norte's at-large congressional district">Agusan del Norte's at-large</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Agusan_del_Sur%27s_at-large_congressional_district" title="Agusan del Sur's at-large congressional district">Agusan del Sur's at-large</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Agusan%27s_at-large_congressional_district" title="Agusan's at-large congressional district">Agusan's at-large</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aklan%27s_at-large_congressional_district" title="Aklan's at-large congressional district">Aklan's at-large</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albay%27s_4th_congressional_district" title="Albay's 4th congressional district">Albay's 4th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albay%27s_at-large_congressional_district" title="Albay's at-large congressional district">Albay's at-large</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ambos_Camarines%27s_1st_congressional_district" title="Ambos Camarines's 1st congressional district">Ambos Camarines's 1st</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ambos_Camarines%27s_2nd_congressional_district" title="Ambos Camarines's 2nd congressional district">2nd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ambos_Camarines%27s_3rd_congressional_district" title="Ambos Camarines's 3rd congressional district">3rd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ambos_Camarines%27s_at-large_congressional_district" title="Ambos Camarines's at-large congressional district">at-large</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antipolo%27s_at-large_congressional_district" title="Antipolo's at-large congressional district">Antipolo's at-large</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bataan%27s_at-large_congressional_district" title="Bataan's at-large congressional district">Bataan's at-large</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bohol%27s_at-large_congressional_district" title="Bohol's at-large congressional district">Bohol's at-large</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Benguet%27s_1st_congressional_district" class="mw-redirect" title="Benguet's 1st congressional district">Benguet's 1st</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Benguet%27s_2nd_congressional_district&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Benguet's 2nd congressional district (page does not exist)">2nd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bukidnon%27s_at-large_congressional_district" title="Bukidnon's at-large congressional district">Bukidnon's at-large</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cagayan_de_Oro%27s_at-large_congressional_district" title="Cagayan de Oro's at-large congressional district">Cagayan de Oro's at-large</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Camarines_Norte%27s_at-large_congressional_district" title="Camarines Norte's at-large congressional district">Camarines Norte's at-large</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Capiz%27s_3rd_congressional_district" title="Capiz's 3rd congressional district">Capiz's 3rd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cavite%27s_at-large_congressional_district" title="Cavite's at-large congressional district">Cavite's at-large</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cebu%27s_at-large_congressional_district" title="Cebu's at-large congressional district">Cebu's at-large</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cotabato%27s_at-large_congressional_district" title="Cotabato's at-large congressional district">Cotabato's at-large</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Davao_City%27s_at-large_congressional_district" title="Davao City's at-large congressional district">Davao City's at-large</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Davao_del_Norte%27s_3rd_congressional_district" title="Davao del Norte's 3rd congressional district">Davao del Norte's 3rd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Davao_del_Sur%27s_1st_congressional_district" title="Davao del Sur's 1st congressional district">Davao del Sur's 1st</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Davao_del_Sur%27s_1st_congressional_district" title="Davao del Sur's 1st congressional district">Davao del Sur's 1st</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Davao_Oriental%27s_at-large_congressional_district" title="Davao Oriental's at-large congressional district">Davao Oriental's at-large</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Davao%27s_at-large_congressional_district" title="Davao's at-large congressional district">Davao's at-large</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ilocos_Norte%27s_at-large_congressional_district" title="Ilocos Norte's at-large congressional district">Ilocos Norte's at-large</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ilocos_Sur%27s_3rd_congressional_district" title="Ilocos Sur's 3rd congressional district">Ilocos Sur's 3rd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ilocos_Sur%27s_at-large_congressional_district" title="Ilocos Sur's at-large congressional district">Ilocos Sur's at-large</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iloilo%27s_at-large_congressional_district" title="Iloilo's at-large congressional district">Iloilo's at-large</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Isabela%27s_at-large_congressional_district" title="Isabela's at-large congressional district">Isabela's at-large</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legislative_district_of_Kalinga-Apayao" class="mw-redirect" title="Legislative district of Kalinga-Apayao">Kalinga–Apayao's at-large</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/La_Union%27s_at-large_congressional_district" title="La Union's at-large congressional district">La Union's at-large</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lanao_del_Norte%27s_at-large_congressional_district" title="Lanao del Norte's at-large congressional district">Lanao del Norte's at-large</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lanao_del_Sur%27s_at-large_congressional_district" title="Lanao del Sur's at-large congressional district">Lanao del Sur's at-large</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lanao%27s_at-large_congressional_district" title="Lanao's at-large congressional district">Lanao's at-large</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leyte%27s_at-large_congressional_district" title="Leyte's at-large congressional district">Leyte's at-large</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legislative_district_of_Las_Pi%C3%B1as%E2%80%93Muntinlupa" title="Legislative district of Las Piñas–Muntinlupa">Las Piñas–Muntinlupa's at-large</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legislative_district_of_Las_Pi%C3%B1as%E2%80%93Para%C3%B1aque" title="Legislative district of Las Piñas–Parañaque">Las Piñas–Parañaque's at-large</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maguindanao%27s_1st_congressional_district" title="Maguindanao's 1st congressional district">Maguindanao's 1st</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maguindanao%27s_2nd_congressional_district" title="Maguindanao's 2nd congressional district">2nd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maguindanao%27s_at-large_congressional_district" title="Maguindanao's at-large congressional district">at-large</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Makati%27s_at-large_congressional_district" title="Makati's at-large congressional district">Makati's at-large</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legislative_district_of_Malabon%E2%80%93Navotas" title="Legislative district of Malabon–Navotas">Malabon–Navotas's at-large</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legislative_district_of_Malabon%E2%80%93Navotas%E2%80%93Valenzuela" title="Legislative district of Malabon–Navotas–Valenzuela">Malabon–Navotas–Valenzuela's at-large</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manila%27s_at-large_congressional_district" title="Manila's at-large congressional district">Manila's at-large</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marikina%27s_at-large_congressional_district" title="Marikina's at-large congressional district">Marikina's at-large</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Masbate%27s_at-large_congressional_district" title="Masbate's at-large congressional district">Masbate's at-large</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legislative_districts_of_Mindanao_and_Sulu" title="Legislative districts of Mindanao and Sulu">Mindanao and Sulu's at-large</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mindoro%27s_at-large_congressional_district" title="Mindoro's at-large congressional district">Mindoro's at-large</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Misamis_Occidental%27s_at-large_congressional_district" title="Misamis Occidental's at-large congressional district">Misamis Occidental's at-large</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Misamis_Oriental%27s_at-large_congressional_district" title="Misamis Oriental's at-large congressional district">Misamis Oriental's at-large</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Misamis%27s_1st_congressional_district" title="Misamis's 1st congressional district">Misamis's 1st</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Misamis%27s_2nd_congressional_district" title="Misamis's 2nd congressional district">2nd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Misamis%27s_at-large_congressional_district" title="Misamis's at-large congressional district">Misamis's at-large</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Negros_Occidental%27s_at-large_congressional_district" title="Negros Occidental's at-large congressional district">Negros Occidental's at-large</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Negros_Oriental%27s_at-large_congressional_district" title="Negros Oriental's at-large congressional district">Negros Oriental's at-large</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northern_Samar%27s_at-large_congressional_district" title="Northern Samar's at-large congressional district">Northern Samar's at-large</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nueva_Ecija%27s_at-large_congressional_district" title="Nueva Ecija's at-large congressional district">Nueva Ecija's at-large</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legislative_districts_of_Olongapo" title="Legislative districts of Olongapo">Olongapo's at-large</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oriental_Mindoro%27s_at-large_congressional_district" title="Oriental Mindoro's at-large congressional district">Oriental Mindoro's at-large</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palawan%27s_at-large_congressional_district" title="Palawan's at-large congressional district">Palawan's at-large</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legislative_district_of_Pasig%E2%80%93Marikina" title="Legislative district of Pasig–Marikina">Pasig–Marikina's at-large</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samar%27s_3rd_congressional_district" title="Samar's 3rd congressional district">Samar's 3rd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samar%27s_at-large_congressional_district" title="Samar's at-large congressional district">Samar's at-large</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legislative_districts_of_San_Pablo" title="Legislative districts of San Pablo">San Pablo's at-large</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legislative_district_of_San_Juan%E2%80%93Mandaluyong" title="Legislative district of San Juan–Mandaluyong">San Juan–Mandaluyong's at-large</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shariff_Kabunsuan%27s_at-large_congressional_district" title="Shariff Kabunsuan's at-large congressional district">Shariff Kabunsuan's at-large</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Cotabato%27s_3rd_congressional_district" title="South Cotabato's 3rd congressional district">South Cotabato's 3rd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Cotabato%27s_at-large_congressional_district" title="South Cotabato's at-large congressional district">South Cotabato's at-large</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Southern_Leyte%27s_at-large_congressional_district" title="Southern Leyte's at-large congressional district">Southern Leyte's at-large</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sultan_Kudarat%27s_at-large_congressional_district" title="Sultan Kudarat's at-large congressional district">Sultan Kudarat's at-large</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sulu%27s_at-large_congressional_district" title="Sulu's at-large congressional district">Sulu's at-large</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Surigao_del_Norte%27s_at-large_congressional_district" title="Surigao del Norte's at-large congressional district">Surigao del Norte's at-large</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Surigao_del_Sur%27s_at-large_congressional_district" title="Surigao del Sur's at-large congressional district">Surigao del Sur's at-large</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Surigao%27s_at-large_congressional_district" title="Surigao's at-large congressional district">Surigao's at-large</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legislative_district_of_Taguig%E2%80%93Pateros%E2%80%93Muntinlupa" title="Legislative district of Taguig–Pateros–Muntinlupa">Taguig–Pateros–Muntinlupa's at-large</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taguig%E2%80%93Pateros%27s_at-large_congressional_district" title="Taguig–Pateros's at-large congressional district">Taguig–Pateros's at-large</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Valenzuela%27s_at-large_congressional_district" title="Valenzuela's at-large congressional district">Valenzuela's at-large</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zambales%27s_at-large_congressional_district" title="Zambales's at-large congressional district">Zambales's at-large</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zamboanga_City%27s_at-large_congressional_district" title="Zamboanga City's at-large congressional district">Zamboanga City's at-large</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zamboanga_del_Norte%27s_at-large_congressional_district" title="Zamboanga del Norte's at-large congressional district">Zamboanga del Norte's at-large</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zamboanga_del_Sur%27s_3rd_congressional_district" title="Zamboanga del Sur's 3rd congressional district">Zamboanga del Sur's 3rd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zamboanga_del_Sur%27s_at-large_congressional_district" title="Zamboanga del Sur's at-large congressional district">Zamboanga del Sur's at-large</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zamboanga_Sibugay%27s_at-large_congressional_district" title="Zamboanga Sibugay's at-large congressional district">Zamboanga Sibugay's at-large</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zamboanga%27s_at-large_congressional_district" title="Zamboanga's at-large congressional district">Zamboanga's at-large</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div>See also: <a href="/wiki/Senatorial_districts_of_the_Philippines" title="Senatorial districts of the Philippines">Senatorial districts</a> for the <a href="/wiki/Senate_of_the_Philippines" title="Senate of the Philippines">Senate of the Philippines</a> (1916–1935)</div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Political_parties_in_the_Philippines_23x15px&#124;border_&#124;alt=Philippines&#124;link=Philippines" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Philippine_political_parties" title="Template:Philippine political parties"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Philippine_political_parties" title="Template talk:Philippine political parties"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Philippine_political_parties" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Philippine political parties"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Political_parties_in_the_Philippines_23x15px&#124;border_&#124;alt=Philippines&#124;link=Philippines" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/List_of_political_parties_in_the_Philippines" title="List of political parties in the Philippines">Political parties in the Philippines</a> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Philippines" title="Philippines"><img alt="Philippines" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Senate_of_the_Philippines" title="Senate of the Philippines">Senate</a> (24)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Nationalist_People%27s_Coalition" title="Nationalist People's Coalition">NPC</a> (5)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nacionalista_Party" title="Nacionalista Party">Nacionalista</a> (5)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Partido_Demokratiko_Pilipino" title="Partido Demokratiko Pilipino">PDP</a> (3)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Akbayan" title="Akbayan">Akbayan</a> (1)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lakas%E2%80%93CMD" title="Lakas–CMD">Lakas</a> (1)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Partido_Federal_ng_Pilipinas" title="Partido Federal ng Pilipinas">PFP</a> (1)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pwersa_ng_Masang_Pilipino" title="Pwersa ng Masang Pilipino">PMP</a> (1)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Nationalist_Alliance" title="United Nationalist Alliance">UNA</a> (1)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Independent_politician" title="Independent politician">Independent</a> (5)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">House of<br />Representatives</a><br />(316)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Districts</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lakas%E2%80%93CMD" title="Lakas–CMD">Lakas</a> (94)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nacionalista_Party" title="Nacionalista Party">Nacionalista</a> (38)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nationalist_People%27s_Coalition" title="Nationalist People's Coalition">NPC</a> (38)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Unity_Party_(Philippines)" title="National Unity Party (Philippines)">NUP</a> (37)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Partido_Federal_ng_Pilipinas" title="Partido Federal ng Pilipinas">PFP</a> (11)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liberal_Party_(Philippines)" title="Liberal Party (Philippines)">Liberal</a> (10)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Partido_Demokratiko_Pilipino" title="Partido Demokratiko Pilipino">PDP</a> (5)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bukidnon_Paglaum" title="Bukidnon Paglaum">Bukidnon Paglaum</a> (2)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Padayon_Pilipino" title="Padayon Pilipino">Padayon Pilipino</a> (2)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/People%27s_Reform_Party" title="People's Reform Party">PRP</a> (2)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Partido_para_sa_Demokratikong_Reporma" title="Partido para sa Demokratikong Reporma">Reporma</a> (2)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aksyon_Demokratiko" title="Aksyon Demokratiko">Aksyon</a> (1)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Adelante_Zamboanga_Party&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Adelante Zamboanga Party (page does not exist)">AZAP</a> (1)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Basilan_Unity_Party&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Basilan Unity Party (page does not exist)">Basilan Unity Party</a> (1)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Centrist_Democratic_Party_of_the_Philippines" title="Centrist Democratic Party of the Philippines">CDP</a> (1)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Laban_ng_Demokratikong_Pilipino" title="Laban ng Demokratikong Pilipino">LDP</a> (1)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hugpong_ng_Pagbabago" title="Hugpong ng Pagbabago">HNP</a> (1)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Partido_Navote%C3%B1o" title="Partido Navoteño">Navoteño</a> (1)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pederalismo_ng_Dugong_Dakilang_Samahan" title="Pederalismo ng Dugong Dakilang Samahan">PDDS</a> (1)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Nationalist_Alliance" title="United Nationalist Alliance">UNA</a> (1)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=United_Benguet_Party&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="United Benguet Party (page does not exist)">United Benguet Party</a> (1)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Independent_politician" title="Independent politician">Independent</a> (6)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Party-list_representation_in_the_House_of_Representatives_of_the_Philippines" title="Party-list representation in the House of Representatives of the Philippines">Party-lists</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Party-list_Coalition" title="Party-list Coalition">Party-list<br />Coalition</a> (56)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/ACT-CIS_Partylist" title="ACT-CIS Partylist">ACT-CIS</a> (3)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ang_Buklod_ng_mga_Motorista_ng_Pilipinas" class="mw-redirect" title="Ang Buklod ng mga Motorista ng Pilipinas">1-Rider</a> (2)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pagtibayin_at_Palaguin_ang_Pangkabuhayang_Pilipino" class="mw-redirect" title="Pagtibayin at Palaguin ang Pangkabuhayang Pilipino">4Ps</a> (2)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ako_Bicol" title="Ako Bicol">Ako Bicol</a> (2)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Social_Amelioration_and_Genuine_Intervention_on_Poverty" class="mw-redirect" title="Social Amelioration and Genuine Intervention on Poverty">SAGIP</a> (2)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tingog_Sinirangan" class="mw-redirect" title="Tingog Sinirangan">Tingog</a> (2)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/One_Patriotic_Coalition_of_Marginalized_Nationals" class="mw-redirect" title="One Patriotic Coalition of Marginalized Nationals">1-PACMAN</a> (1)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/AAMBIS-Owa_Party_List" title="AAMBIS-Owa Party List">AAMBIS-OWA</a> (1)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abang_Lingkod" title="Abang Lingkod">Abang Lingkod</a> (1)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abono_party-list" class="mw-redirect" title="Abono party-list">Abono</a> (1)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Agimat_ng_Masa" class="mw-redirect" title="Agimat ng Masa">Agimat</a> (1)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/AGRI_Partylist" title="AGRI Partylist">AGRI</a> (1)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Agricultural_Sector_Alliance_of_the_Philippines" class="mw-redirect" title="Agricultural Sector Alliance of the Philippines">AGAP</a> (1)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Akbayan" title="Akbayan">Akbayan</a> (1)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ako_Bisaya" title="Ako Bisaya">Ako Bisaya</a> (1)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ako_Ilocano_Ako&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ako Ilocano Ako (page does not exist)">Ako Ilocano Ako</a> (1)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alliance_of_Organizations,_Networks_and_Associations_of_the_Philippines" class="mw-redirect" title="Alliance of Organizations, Networks and Associations of the Philippines">ALONA</a> (1)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alagaan_Natin_Ating_Kalusugan" class="mw-redirect" title="Alagaan Natin Ating Kalusugan">ANAKALUSUGAN</a> (1)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Agrikultura_Ngayon_Gawing_Akma_at_Tama&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Agrikultura Ngayon Gawing Akma at Tama (page does not exist)">ANGAT</a> (1)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ang_Probinsyano_Party-list" title="Ang Probinsyano Party-list">Ang Probinsyano</a> (1)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Association_of_Philippine_Electric_Cooperatives" class="mw-redirect" title="Association of Philippine Electric Cooperatives">APEC</a> (1)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Abante_Pangasinan-Ilokano_Party&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Abante Pangasinan-Ilokano Party (page does not exist)">API</a> (1)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bagong_Henerasyon" title="Bagong Henerasyon">Bagong Henerasyon</a> (1)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barangay_Health_Wellness_Partylist" title="Barangay Health Wellness Partylist">BHW</a> (1)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bicol_Saro" title="Bicol Saro">Bicol Saro</a> (1)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Citizens%27_Battle_Against_Corruption" title="Citizens' Battle Against Corruption">CIBAC</a> (2)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coop-NATCCO" title="Coop-NATCCO">Coop-NATCCO</a> (1)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Construction_Workers_Solidarity" title="Construction Workers Solidarity">CWS</a> (1)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dumper_Philippines_Taxi_Drivers_Association" class="mw-redirect" title="Dumper Philippines Taxi Drivers Association">Dumper PTDA</a> (1)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Duterte_Youth" title="Duterte Youth">Duterte Youth</a> (1)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Galing_sa_Puso_Party&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Galing sa Puso Party (page does not exist)">GP</a> (1)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kabalikat_ng_Mamamayan" title="Kabalikat ng Mamamayan">KABAYAN</a> (1)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kalinga_Partylist" title="Kalinga Partylist">Kalinga</a> (1)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kusug_Tausug" title="Kusug Tausug">Kusug Tausug</a> (1)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/LPG_Marketers_Association" title="LPG Marketers Association">LPGMA</a> (1)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Magkakasama_sa_Sakahan,_Kaunlaran" class="mw-redirect" title="Magkakasama sa Sakahan, Kaunlaran">MAGSASAKA</a> (1)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manila_Teachers_Savings_and_Loan_Association" title="Manila Teachers Savings and Loan Association">Manila Teachers</a> (1)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marino_Samahan_ng_mga_Seaman" class="mw-redirect" title="Marino Samahan ng mga Seaman">Marino</a> (1)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/OFW_Family_Club" title="OFW Family Club">OFW</a> (1)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Patrol_Partylist" title="Patrol Partylist">PATROL</a> (1)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Puwersa_ng_Bayaning_Atleta" class="mw-redirect" title="Puwersa ng Bayaning Atleta">PBA</a> (1)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philippine_Rural_Electric_Cooperatives_Association" class="mw-redirect" title="Philippine Rural Electric Cooperatives Association">PHILRECA</a> (1)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pinuno_Partylist" title="Pinuno Partylist">PINUNO</a> (1)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Probinsyano_Ako" title="Probinsyano Ako">Probinsyano Ako</a> (1)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pusong_Pinoy" title="Pusong Pinoy">Pusong Pinoy</a> (1)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Senior_Citizens_Partylist" title="Senior Citizens Partylist">Senior Citizens</a> (1)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/TGP_Partylist" title="TGP Partylist">TGP</a> (1)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trade_Union_Congress_Party" title="Trade Union Congress Party">TUCP</a> (1)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tutok_To_Win_Party-List" title="Tutok To Win Party-List">Tutok to Win</a> (1)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uswag_Ilonggo" title="Uswag Ilonggo">Uswag Ilonggo</a> (1)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Makabayan" title="Makabayan">Makabayan</a> (3)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/ACT_Teachers_Partylist" class="mw-redirect" title="ACT Teachers Partylist">ACT Teachers</a> (1)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gabriela_Women%27s_Party" title="Gabriela Women's Party">GABRIELA</a> (1)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kabataan" title="Kabataan">Kabataan</a> (1)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Local government</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Akay_National_Political_Party" title="Akay National Political Party">AKAY</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ang_Kapatiran" title="Ang Kapatiran">Ang Kapatiran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alliance_for_Barangay_Concerns" title="Alliance for Barangay Concerns">ABC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bigkis_Pinoy" class="mw-redirect" title="Bigkis Pinoy">Bigkis Pinoy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Katipunan_ng_Nagkakaisang_Pilipino" title="Katipunan ng Nagkakaisang Pilipino">KANP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kilusang_Bagong_Lipunan" title="Kilusang Bagong Lipunan">KBL</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Partido_Pederal_ng_Maharlika&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Partido Pederal ng Maharlika (page does not exist)">PPM</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Partido_Pilipino_sa_Pagbabago" title="Partido Pilipino sa Pagbabago">PPP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/PROMDI" title="PROMDI">PROMDI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reform_PH_-_People%27s_Party" class="mw-redirect" title="Reform PH - People's Party">RP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Labor_Party_Philippines" title="Labor Party Philippines">WPP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Local_political_parties_in_the_Philippines" title="Category:Local political parties in the Philippines">Other local parties</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Out of government</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bagumbayan-VNP" class="mw-redirect" title="Bagumbayan-VNP">Bagumbayan-VNP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_of_the_Philippines" title="Democratic Party of the Philippines">DPP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kamanggagawa" title="Kamanggagawa">Kamanggagawa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Katipunan_ng_Kamalayang_Kayumanggi" title="Katipunan ng Kamalayang Kayumanggi">Katipunan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Katipunan_ng_Demokratikong_Pilipino" title="Katipunan ng Demokratikong Pilipino">KDP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Partido_Demokratiko_Sosyalista_ng_Pilipinas" title="Partido Demokratiko Sosyalista ng Pilipinas">PDSP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philippine_Green_Republican_Party" title="Philippine Green Republican Party">PGRP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Partido_Komunista_ng_Pilipinas-1930" title="Partido Komunista ng Pilipinas-1930">PKP-1930</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Partido_Lakas_ng_Masa" title="Partido Lakas ng Masa">PLM</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Non-participating parties</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_of_the_Philippines" title="Communist Party of the Philippines">CPP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Revolutionary_Workers%27_Party_(Philippines)" title="Revolutionary Workers' Party (Philippines)">RWP</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Historical parties</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Democrata_Party" title="Democrata Party">Democrata Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Alliance_(Philippines)" title="Democratic Alliance (Philippines)">Democratic Alliance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(Philippines)" title="Democratic Party (Philippines)">Democratic Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Federalist_Party_(Philippines)" class="mw-redirect" title="Federalist Party (Philippines)">Federalist Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ganap_Party" title="Ganap Party">Ganap Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/KALIBAPI" title="KALIBAPI">KALIBAPI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kabalikat_ng_Malayang_Pilipino" title="Kabalikat ng Malayang Pilipino">KAMPI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lakas%E2%80%93CMD_(1991)" title="Lakas–CMD (1991)">Lakas–CMD (1991)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Laban_ng_Makabayang_Masang_Pilipino" title="Laban ng Makabayang Masang Pilipino">LAMMP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lapiang_Malaya" title="Lapiang Malaya">Lapiang Malaya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Socialist_Party_(Philippines)" title="National Socialist Party (Philippines)">National Socialist Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nationalist_Citizens%27_Party" title="Nationalist Citizens' Party">NCP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philippine_Falange" title="Philippine Falange">Philippine Falange</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Progresista_Party" title="Progresista Party">Progresista Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Progressive_Party_(Philippines)" title="Progressive Party (Philippines)">Progressive Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(Philippines)" title="Republican Party (Philippines)">Republican Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sakdalista" title="Sakdalista">Sakdalista</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Nationalist_Democratic_Organization" title="United Nationalist Democratic Organization">UNIDO</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Opposition_(Philippines)" title="United Opposition (Philippines)">UNO</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:A_coloured_voting_box.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" 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href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Philippine_legislatures" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Philippine legislatures"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="National_legislatures_of_the_Philippines" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">National <a href="/wiki/Legislature" title="Legislature">legislatures</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Philippines" title="Philippines">Philippines</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Congress_of_the_Philippines" title="Congress of the Philippines">Congress</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Senate_of_the_Philippines" title="Senate of the Philippines">Senate</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">House of Representatives</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Historical</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Malolos_Congress" title="Malolos Congress">Malolos Congress</a> (1898–99)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philippine_Commission" title="Philippine Commission">Philippine Commission</a> (1900–1907)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philippine_Legislature" title="Philippine Legislature">Philippine Legislature</a> (1907–1935)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Assembly_of_the_Philippines" title="National Assembly of the Philippines">National Assembly of the Commonwealth</a> (1935–1941)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Assembly_(Second_Philippine_Republic)" title="National Assembly (Second Philippine Republic)">National Assembly of the Second Republic</a> (1943–44)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Congress_of_the_Philippines" title="Congress of the Philippines">Commonwealth Congress</a> (1945–46)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Congress_of_the_Philippines" title="Congress of the Philippines">Congress</a> (1946–1972; 1987–present)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Batasang_Pambansa" class="mw-redirect" title="Batasang Pambansa">Batasang Pambansa</a> (1978–1986)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Legislatures_in_the_Philippines" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Legislatures_of_the_Philippines" title="Template:Legislatures of the Philippines"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li 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the Philippines">Senate</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">House of Representatives</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bangsamoro_Parliament" title="Bangsamoro Parliament">Bangsamoro Parliament</a></li> <li>Local <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sangguniang_Panlalawigan" title="Sangguniang Panlalawigan">Provincial boards</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sangguniang_Panlungsod" title="Sangguniang Panlungsod">City councils</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sangguniang_Bayan" title="Sangguniang Bayan">Municipal councils</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sangguniang_Barangay" title="Sangguniang Barangay">Barangay councils</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sangguniang_Kabataan" title="Sangguniang Kabataan">Youth councils</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Former</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Malolos_Congress" title="Malolos Congress">Malolos Congress</a> (1898–1899)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philippine_Legislature" title="Philippine Legislature">Philippine Legislature</a> (1907–1935)</li> <li>National Assembly <ul><li><a href="/wiki/National_Assembly_of_the_Philippines" title="National Assembly of the Philippines">1935–1941</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Assembly_(Second_Philippine_Republic)" title="National Assembly (Second Philippine Republic)">1943–1944</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Batasang_Pambansa_(legislature)" title="Batasang Pambansa (legislature)">Batasang Pambansa</a> (1978–1986)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/ARMM_Regional_Legislative_Assembly" title="ARMM Regional Legislative Assembly">ARMM Regional Legislative Assembly</a> (1990–2019)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Lower_houses_of_national_legislatures" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:National_lower_houses" title="Template:National lower houses"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:National_lower_houses" title="Template talk:National lower houses"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:National_lower_houses" title="Special:EditPage/Template:National lower houses"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Lower_houses_of_national_legislatures" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Lower_house" title="Lower house">Lower houses</a> of national <a href="/wiki/Legislature" title="Legislature">legislatures</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Federation" title="Federation">Federal</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Argentine_Chamber_of_Deputies" title="Argentine Chamber of Deputies">Argentina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Australian_House_of_Representatives" title="Australian House of Representatives">Australia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Council_(Austria)" title="National Council (Austria)">Austria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chamber_of_Representatives_(Belgium)" title="Chamber of Representatives (Belgium)">Belgium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/House_of_Representatives_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina" title="House of Representatives of Bosnia and Herzegovina">Bosnia and Herzegovina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chamber_of_Deputies_(Brazil)" title="Chamber of Deputies (Brazil)">Brazil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/House_of_Commons_of_Canada" title="House of Commons of Canada">Canada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/House_of_Peoples%27_Representatives" title="House of Peoples' Representatives">Ethiopia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bundestag" title="Bundestag">Germany</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lok_Sabha" title="Lok Sabha">India</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dewan_Rakyat" title="Dewan Rakyat">Malaysia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chamber_of_Deputies_(Mexico)" title="Chamber of Deputies (Mexico)">Mexico</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/House_of_Representatives_(Nepal)" title="House of Representatives (Nepal)">Nepal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/House_of_Representatives_(Nigeria)" title="House of Representatives (Nigeria)">Nigeria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Assembly_of_Pakistan" title="National Assembly of Pakistan">Pakistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/State_Duma" title="State Duma">Russia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Federal_Parliament_of_Somalia#House_of_the_People" title="Federal Parliament of Somalia">Somalia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Legislative_Assembly_(South_Sudan)" title="National Legislative Assembly (South Sudan)">South Sudan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Assembly_of_Sudan" title="National Assembly of Sudan">Sudan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Council_(Switzerland)" title="National Council (Switzerland)">Switzerland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_House_of_Representatives" title="United States House of Representatives">United States</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Unitary_state" title="Unitary state">Unitary</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/People%27s_National_Assembly" title="People's National Assembly">Algeria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/House_of_Representatives_(Antigua_and_Barbuda)" title="House of Representatives (Antigua and Barbuda)">Antigua and Barbuda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parliament_of_the_Bahamas#House_of_Assembly" title="Parliament of the Bahamas">Bahamas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Council_of_Representatives_(Bahrain)" title="Council of Representatives (Bahrain)">Bahrain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/House_of_Assembly_of_Barbados" title="House of Assembly of Barbados">Barbados</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/House_of_Representatives_(Belarus)" title="House of Representatives (Belarus)">Belarus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/House_of_Representatives_(Belize)" title="House of Representatives (Belize)">Belize</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Assembly_(Bhutan)" title="National Assembly (Bhutan)">Bhutan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chamber_of_Deputies_(Bolivia)" title="Chamber of Deputies (Bolivia)">Bolivia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Assembly_(Burundi)" title="National Assembly (Burundi)">Burundi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Assembly_(Cambodia)" title="National Assembly (Cambodia)">Cambodia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Assembly_(Cameroon)" title="National Assembly (Cameroon)">Cameroon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Assembly_(Central_African_Republic)" title="National Assembly (Central African Republic)">Central African Republic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chamber_of_Deputies_of_Chile" title="Chamber of Deputies of Chile">Chile</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chamber_of_Representatives_of_Colombia" title="Chamber of Representatives of Colombia">Colombia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Assembly_(Democratic_Republic_of_the_Congo)" title="National Assembly (Democratic Republic of the Congo)">Democratic Republic of the Congo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Assembly_(Republic_of_the_Congo)" title="National Assembly (Republic of the Congo)">Republic of the Congo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chamber_of_Deputies_of_the_Czech_Republic" title="Chamber of Deputies of the Czech Republic">Czech Republic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chamber_of_Deputies_of_the_Dominican_Republic" title="Chamber of Deputies of the Dominican Republic">Dominican Republic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/House_of_Representatives_(Egypt)" title="House of Representatives (Egypt)">Egypt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chamber_of_Deputies_(Equatorial_Guinea)" title="Chamber of Deputies (Equatorial Guinea)">Equatorial Guinea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/House_of_Assembly_of_Eswatini" title="House of Assembly of Eswatini">Eswatini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Assembly_(France)" title="National Assembly (France)">France</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Assembly_of_Gabon" title="National Assembly of Gabon">Gabon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parliament_of_Grenada#House_of_Representatives" title="Parliament of Grenada">Grenada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chamber_of_Deputies_(Haiti)" title="Chamber of Deputies (Haiti)">Haiti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/House_of_Representatives_(Indonesia)" title="House of Representatives (Indonesia)">Indonesia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/D%C3%A1il_%C3%89ireann" title="Dáil Éireann">Ireland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chamber_of_Deputies_(Italy)" title="Chamber of Deputies (Italy)">Italy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Assembly_(Ivory_Coast)" title="National Assembly (Ivory Coast)">Ivory Coast</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parliament_of_Jamaica" title="Parliament of Jamaica">Jamaica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/House_of_Representatives_(Japan)" title="House of Representatives (Japan)">Japan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/House_of_Representatives_(Jordan)" title="House of Representatives (Jordan)">Jordan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/M%C3%A4jilis" title="Mäjilis">Kazakhstan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Assembly_(Kenya)" title="National Assembly (Kenya)">Kenya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Assembly_(Lesotho)" title="National Assembly (Lesotho)">Lesotho</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/House_of_Representatives_of_Liberia" title="House of Representatives of Liberia">Liberia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Assembly_(Madagascar)" title="National Assembly (Madagascar)">Madagascar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/House_of_Representatives_(Morocco)" title="House of Representatives (Morocco)">Morocco</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pyithu_Hluttaw" title="Pyithu Hluttaw">Myanmar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Assembly_(Namibia)" title="National Assembly (Namibia)">Namibia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/House_of_Representatives_(Netherlands)" title="House of Representatives (Netherlands)">Netherlands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Consultative_Assembly_(Oman)" title="Consultative Assembly (Oman)">Oman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/House_of_Delegates_of_Palau" title="House of Delegates of Palau">Palau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chamber_of_Deputies_of_Paraguay" title="Chamber of Deputies of Paraguay">Paraguay</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Philippines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sejm" title="Sejm">Poland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chamber_of_Deputies_(Romania)" title="Chamber of Deputies (Romania)">Romania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chamber_of_Deputies_(Rwanda)" title="Chamber of Deputies (Rwanda)">Rwanda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/House_of_Assembly_of_Saint_Lucia" title="House of Assembly of Saint Lucia">Saint Lucia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Assembly_(Slovenia)" title="National Assembly (Slovenia)">Slovenia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Assembly_of_South_Africa" title="National Assembly of South Africa">South Africa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Congress_of_Deputies" title="Congress of Deputies">Spain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Assembly_of_Representatives_(Tajikistan)" title="Assembly of Representatives (Tajikistan)">Tajikistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/House_of_Representatives_(Thailand)" title="House of Representatives (Thailand)">Thailand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/House_of_Representatives_(Trinidad_and_Tobago)" title="House of Representatives (Trinidad and Tobago)">Trinidad and Tobago</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/House_of_Commons_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="House of Commons of the United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chamber_of_Representatives_of_Uruguay" title="Chamber of Representatives of Uruguay">Uruguay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legislative_Chamber_of_Uzbekistan" title="Legislative Chamber of Uzbekistan">Uzbekistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/House_of_Representatives_(Yemen)" title="House of Representatives (Yemen)">Yemen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Assembly_of_Zimbabwe" title="National Assembly of Zimbabwe">Zimbabwe</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Dependent_territory" title="Dependent territory">Dependent and<br />other territories</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/American_Samoa_House_of_Representatives" title="American Samoa House of Representatives">American Samoa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/House_of_Assembly_of_Bermuda" title="House of Assembly of Bermuda">Bermuda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/House_of_Keys" title="House of Keys">Isle of Man</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northern_Mariana_Islands_House_of_Representatives" title="Northern Mariana Islands House of Representatives">Northern Mariana Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/House_of_Representatives_of_Puerto_Rico" title="House of Representatives of Puerto Rico">Puerto Rico</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_states_with_limited_recognition" title="List of states with limited recognition">Non-UN states</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/House_of_Representatives_(Somaliland)" title="House of Representatives (Somaliland)">Somaliland</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_abolished_lower_houses" title="List of abolished lower houses">Defunct</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Cuba_(1902%E2%80%931959)#Constitution_of_1940" title="Republic of Cuba (1902–1959)">Cuba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/House_of_Representatives_of_Fiji" title="House of Representatives of Fiji">Fiji</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legislative_Assembly_(British_Guiana)" title="Legislative Assembly (British Guiana)">Guyana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diet_of_Hungary#House_of_Representatives" title="Diet of Hungary">Hungary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irish_House_of_Commons" title="Irish House of Commons">Kingdom of Ireland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/D%C3%A1il_%C3%89ireann_(Irish_Free_State)" title="Dáil Éireann (Irish Free State)">Irish Free State</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/House_of_Representatives_(South_Korea)" title="House of Representatives (South Korea)">South Korea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Congress_of_Nicaragua#Presidents_of_the_Chamber_of_Deputies_before_1979" title="National Congress of Nicaragua">Nicaragua</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/House_of_Commons_of_Northern_Ireland" title="House of Commons of Northern Ireland">Northern Ireland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Congress_of_the_Republic_of_Peru#History" title="Congress of the Republic of Peru">Peru</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chamber_of_Deputies_of_Portugal_(1822%E2%80%931910)" title="Chamber of Deputies of Portugal (1822–1910)">Portugal (Kingdom)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chamber_of_Deputies_of_Portugal_(1910%E2%80%931926)" title="Chamber of Deputies of Portugal (1910–1926)">Portugal (Republic)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andra_kammaren" title="Andra kammaren">Sweden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Venezuelan_Chamber_of_Deputies" title="Venezuelan Chamber of Deputies">Venezuela</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bicameralism" title="Bicameralism">Bicameralism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Unicameralism" title="Unicameralism">Unicameralism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tricameralism" title="Tricameralism">Tricameralism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Multicameralism" title="Multicameralism">Multicameralism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_abolished_lower_houses" title="List of abolished lower houses">List of abolished lower houses</a></li> <li><a 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