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overflow: hidden; text-overflow: ellipsis; -webkit-line-clamp: 3; -webkit-box-orient: vertical; }</style><div class="col-xs-12 clearfix"><div class="u-floatLeft"><h1 class="PageHeader-title u-m0x u-fs30">American Studies</h1><div class="u-tcGrayDark">119,716 Followers</div><div class="u-tcGrayDark u-mt2x">Recent papers in <b>American Studies</b></div></div></div></div></div></div><div class="TabbedNavigation"><div class="container"><div class="row"><div class="col-xs-12 clearfix"><ul class="nav u-m0x u-p0x list-inline u-displayFlex"><li class="active"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/American_Studies">Top Papers</a></li><li><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/American_Studies/MostCited">Most Cited Papers</a></li><li><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/American_Studies/MostDownloaded">Most Downloaded Papers</a></li><li><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/American_Studies/MostRecent">Newest Papers</a></li><li><a class="" href="https://www.academia.edu/People/American_Studies">People</a></li></ul></div><style type="text/css">ul.nav{flex-direction:row}@media(max-width: 567px){ul.nav{flex-direction:column}.TabbedNavigation li{max-width:100%}.TabbedNavigation li.active{background-color:var(--background-grey, #dddde2)}.TabbedNavigation li.active:before,.TabbedNavigation li.active:after{display:none}}</style></div></div></div><div class="container"><div class="row"><div class="col-xs-12"><div class="u-displayFlex"><div class="u-flexGrow1"><div class="works"><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_46792196" data-work_id="46792196" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/46792196/Leadership_Idiosyncrasies_and_Political_Behaviour_Personality_Analyses_of_Presidents_Donald_Trump_and_Andrew_Jackson">Leadership, Idiosyncrasies, and Political Behaviour: Personality Analyses of Presidents Donald Trump and Andrew Jackson</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">How do leaders' idiosyncrasies are developed, and how do these, in turn, impact their political behaviour? This study traces the idiosyncratic behaviour of Presidents Andrew Jackson and Donald Trump. It details four historical... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_46792196" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">How do leaders' idiosyncrasies are developed, and how do these, in turn, impact their political behaviour? This study traces the idiosyncratic behaviour of Presidents Andrew Jackson and Donald Trump. It details four historical traditions-Hamiltonian, Wilsonian, Jeffersonian, and Jacksonian. The study expands upon Jacksonian tradition and sees that how Trump pursued this tradition and how is his political behaviour remained similar to that of Andrew Jackson. Three specific areas in which these variables are determined are personal lives, narcissism and authoritarian behaviour, and populism and corruption. The paper also charts out the ways and means through which Donald Trump's administration is termed as Jacksonian in nature.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/46792196" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="04ce6f544bf9e785e8311ab91dce9ac8" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":66258783,"asset_id":46792196,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/66258783/download_file?st=MTczMjc4MTM3NSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="556352" href="https://qau.academia.edu/DrMuhammadNadeemMirza">Dr Muhammad Nadeem Mirza</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="556352" type="text/json">{"id":556352,"first_name":"Dr Muhammad Nadeem","last_name":"Mirza","domain_name":"qau","page_name":"DrMuhammadNadeemMirza","display_name":"Dr Muhammad Nadeem Mirza","profile_url":"https://qau.academia.edu/DrMuhammadNadeemMirza?f_ri=390","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/556352/200966/60179770/s65_dr_muhammad_nadeem.mirza.jpeg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_46792196 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="46792196"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 46792196, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_46792196", }); 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href="https://www.academia.edu/25808370/Syllabus_Popular_Music_University_of_Virginia_Summer_2015_">Syllabus: Popular Music - University of Virginia (Summer 2015)</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/25808370" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="dba082b9c74d0b74ffa7409daae67557" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":46172666,"asset_id":25808370,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen 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class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1631" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Popular_Music">Popular Music</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="1631" type="text/json">{"id":1631,"name":"Popular Music","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Popular_Music?f_ri=390","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="798002" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/American_Popular_Music">American Popular Music</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="798002" type="text/json">{"id":798002,"name":"American Popular Music","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/American_Popular_Music?f_ri=390","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=25808370]'), work: {"id":25808370,"title":"Syllabus: Popular Music - University of Virginia (Summer 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Envisioning Freedom: Cinema and the Building of Modern Black Life</div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/11559969" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="7c13ffd8d19b146538f1dbf9c6501c48" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":37053176,"asset_id":11559969,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" 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style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="11559969"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">8</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="390" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/American_Studies">American Studies</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="390" type="text/json">{"id":390,"name":"American Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/American_Studies?f_ri=390","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="13497" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/African_American_History">African American History</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="13497" type="text/json">{"id":13497,"name":"African American History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/African_American_History?f_ri=390","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="14912" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/African_American_Studies">African American Studies</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="14912" type="text/json">{"id":14912,"name":"African American Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/African_American_Studies?f_ri=390","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="19258" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cinema">Cinema</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="19258" type="text/json">{"id":19258,"name":"Cinema","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cinema?f_ri=390","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=11559969]'), work: {"id":11559969,"title":"Historian Cara Caddoo Discusses Envisioning Freedom: Cinema and the Building of Modern Black Life","created_at":"2015-03-20T18:41:18.026-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/11559969/Historian_Cara_Caddoo_Discusses_Envisioning_Freedom_Cinema_and_the_Building_of_Modern_Black_Life?f_ri=390","dom_id":"work_11559969","summary":"An interview with Cara Caddoo about her book Envisioning Freedom: Cinema and the Building of Modern Black Life","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":37053176,"asset_id":11559969,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":140256,"first_name":"Regina","last_name":"Longo","domain_name":"loc","page_name":"ReginaLongo","display_name":"Regina Longo","profile_url":"https://loc.academia.edu/ReginaLongo?f_ri=390","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/140256/37201/1351900/s65_regina.longo.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":390,"name":"American Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/American_Studies?f_ri=390","nofollow":false},{"id":13497,"name":"African American History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/African_American_History?f_ri=390","nofollow":false},{"id":14912,"name":"African American Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/African_American_Studies?f_ri=390","nofollow":false},{"id":19258,"name":"Cinema","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cinema?f_ri=390","nofollow":false},{"id":26154,"name":"African-American Cinema","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/African-American_Cinema?f_ri=390"},{"id":42298,"name":"Film and Media Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Film_and_Media_Studies?f_ri=390"},{"id":52745,"name":"Cinema Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cinema_Studies?f_ri=390"},{"id":540166,"name":"Film history, silent cinema, African American film","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Film_history_silent_cinema_African_American_film?f_ri=390"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_37158540" data-work_id="37158540" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/37158540/Hamilton_as_Cultural_Phenomenon">Hamilton as Cultural Phenomenon</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">A special issue of Studies in Musical Theatre offering a range of new critical perspectives on Lin-Manuel Miranda's Hamilton, including: “Is It Like a Beat Without a Melody?”: Rap and Revolution in Hamilton | Jeffrey Severs Rise... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_37158540" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">A special issue of Studies in Musical Theatre offering a range of new critical perspectives on Lin-Manuel Miranda's Hamilton, including: <br /> <br />“Is It Like a Beat Without a Melody?”: Rap and Revolution in Hamilton | Jeffrey <br />Severs <br /> <br />Rise Up: Nuyorican Resistance and Transcultural Aesthetics in Hamilton | Gabriel <br />Mayora <br /> <br />Hamilton’s Women | Stacy Wolf <br /> <br />Blackout on Broadway: Affiliation and Audience in In the Heights and Hamilton | <br />Elena Machado Sáez <br /> <br />Staging a Revolution: The Cultural Tipping Points of John Gay and Lin-Manual <br />Miranda | Tiffany Yecke Brooks <br /> <br />Miranda’s Les Miz | Jeffrey Magee <br /> <br />Hamilton Meets Hip-Hop Pedagogy | Alison Dobrick <br /> <br />“Hey Yo, I’m Just Like My Country”: Teaching Miranda’s Hamilton as an <br />American Chronicle | Timothy J. Viator <br /> <br />Lin-Manuel Miranda and the Metamyth of a Nation’s Founding | Helen M. Whall <br /> <br />“What If This Bullet Is My Legacy?”: The Guns of Hamilton | Meredith Conti <br /> <br />Hamilton and Class | Matthew Clinton Sekellick <br /> <br />A Conversation Rewound: Queer and Racialized Temporalities in Hamilton | <br />Shereen Inayatulla and Andie Silva</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/37158540" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="7eaeae0cd7bbcee49ce1304d8c8997e6" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":57164100,"asset_id":37158540,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/57164100/download_file?st=MTczMjc4MTM3NSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="2427485" href="https://tulane.academia.edu/kunze">Peter C . Kunze</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="2427485" type="text/json">{"id":2427485,"first_name":"Peter","last_name":"Kunze","domain_name":"tulane","page_name":"kunze","display_name":"Peter C . Kunze","profile_url":"https://tulane.academia.edu/kunze?f_ri=390","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/2427485/760319/155618225/s65_peter.kunze.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_37158540 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="37158540"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 37158540, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_37158540", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_37158540 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 37158540; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_37158540"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_37158540 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="37158540"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 37158540; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=37158540]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_37158540").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_37158540").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="37158540"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">27</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="10" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/American_Literature">American Literature</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="10" type="text/json">{"id":10,"name":"American Literature","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/American_Literature?f_ri=390","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="128" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History">History</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="128" type="text/json">{"id":128,"name":"History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History?f_ri=390","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="129" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/American_History">American History</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="129" type="text/json">{"id":129,"name":"American History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/American_History?f_ri=390","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="136" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cultural_History">Cultural History</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="136" type="text/json">{"id":136,"name":"Cultural History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cultural_History?f_ri=390","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=37158540]'), work: {"id":37158540,"title":"Hamilton as Cultural Phenomenon","created_at":"2018-07-31T13:34:02.060-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/37158540/Hamilton_as_Cultural_Phenomenon?f_ri=390","dom_id":"work_37158540","summary":"A special issue of Studies in Musical Theatre offering a range of new critical perspectives on Lin-Manuel Miranda's Hamilton, including:\r\n\r\n“Is It Like a Beat Without a Melody?”: Rap and Revolution in Hamilton | Jeffrey \r\nSevers\r\n\r\nRise Up: Nuyorican Resistance and Transcultural Aesthetics in Hamilton | Gabriel \r\nMayora\r\n\r\nHamilton’s Women | Stacy Wolf\r\n\r\nBlackout on Broadway: Affiliation and Audience in In the Heights and Hamilton | \r\nElena Machado Sáez\r\n\r\nStaging a Revolution: The Cultural Tipping Points of John Gay and Lin-Manual \r\nMiranda | Tiffany Yecke Brooks\r\n\r\nMiranda’s Les Miz | Jeffrey Magee\r\n\r\nHamilton Meets Hip-Hop Pedagogy | Alison Dobrick\r\n\r\n“Hey Yo, I’m Just Like My Country”: Teaching Miranda’s Hamilton as an \r\nAmerican Chronicle | Timothy J. Viator\r\n\r\nLin-Manuel Miranda and the Metamyth of a Nation’s Founding | Helen M. Whall\r\n\r\n“What If This Bullet Is My Legacy?”: The Guns of Hamilton | Meredith Conti\r\n\r\nHamilton and Class | Matthew Clinton Sekellick\r\n\r\nA Conversation Rewound: Queer and Racialized Temporalities in Hamilton | \r\nShereen Inayatulla and Andie Silva\r\n","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":57164100,"asset_id":37158540,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":2427485,"first_name":"Peter","last_name":"Kunze","domain_name":"tulane","page_name":"kunze","display_name":"Peter C . Kunze","profile_url":"https://tulane.academia.edu/kunze?f_ri=390","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/2427485/760319/155618225/s65_peter.kunze.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":10,"name":"American Literature","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/American_Literature?f_ri=390","nofollow":false},{"id":128,"name":"History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History?f_ri=390","nofollow":false},{"id":129,"name":"American History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/American_History?f_ri=390","nofollow":false},{"id":136,"name":"Cultural History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cultural_History?f_ri=390","nofollow":false},{"id":188,"name":"Cultural Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cultural_Studies?f_ri=390"},{"id":298,"name":"Latino/A Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Latino_A_Studies?f_ri=390"},{"id":390,"name":"American Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/American_Studies?f_ri=390"},{"id":945,"name":"Performing Arts","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Performing_Arts?f_ri=390"},{"id":946,"name":"Musical Theatre","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Musical_Theatre?f_ri=390"},{"id":947,"name":"Theatre Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Theatre_Studies?f_ri=390"},{"id":1332,"name":"Theatre History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Theatre_History?f_ri=390"},{"id":2337,"name":"Performance Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Performance_Studies?f_ri=390"},{"id":6222,"name":"Drama","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Drama?f_ri=390"},{"id":6654,"name":"American Culture","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/American_Culture?f_ri=390"},{"id":9043,"name":"Performance","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Performance?f_ri=390"},{"id":9394,"name":"Modern Drama","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Modern_Drama?f_ri=390"},{"id":14904,"name":"Hip-Hop/Rap","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Hip-Hop_Rap?f_ri=390"},{"id":29102,"name":"Theatre","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Theatre?f_ri=390"},{"id":34139,"name":"Hip-Hop Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Hip-Hop_Studies?f_ri=390"},{"id":80251,"name":"Hip-Hop","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Hip-Hop?f_ri=390"},{"id":85319,"name":"Broadway Musical Theatre","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Broadway_Musical_Theatre?f_ri=390"},{"id":87925,"name":"US Latino Literature","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/US_Latino_Literature?f_ri=390"},{"id":103711,"name":"Hip hop","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Hip_hop?f_ri=390"},{"id":131068,"name":"Hip Hop Culture","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Hip_Hop_Culture?f_ri=390"},{"id":159457,"name":"Theatre Arts","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Theatre_Arts?f_ri=390"},{"id":1207991,"name":"Broadway History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Broadway_History?f_ri=390"},{"id":2450956,"name":"Latinx Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Latinx_Studies?f_ri=390"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_5965930" data-work_id="5965930" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/5965930/Kennewick_Man_and_the_Evolutionary_Origins_of_the_Nation">Kennewick Man and the Evolutionary Origins of the Nation </a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">This article addresses the recent attempts to integrate evolutionary history in the US national narrative. Focusing on the cultural, legal, and scientific controversy over Kennewick Man, the ancient human remains discovered in Washington... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_5965930" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">This article addresses the recent attempts to integrate evolutionary history in the US national narrative. Focusing on the cultural, legal, and scientific controversy over Kennewick Man, the ancient human remains discovered in Washington state in 1996, the article explores the narrative politics of American national belonging. Through a popular historical novel on Kennewick Man's life, the article further theorizes nostalgia as a narrative tool in imagining the evolutionary origins of the nation. The article argues that nostalgia produces a temporal dynamic that bridges the gap between national history and global prehistory, and that this dynamic is reinforced through cultural ideas of genetic knowledge. At the same time, prehistoric nostalgia renders problematic ideas of ethnic difference largely invisible.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/5965930" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="8fcdb2b9018af453db838ba05ee0a47b" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":40205931,"asset_id":5965930,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/40205931/download_file?st=MTczMjc4MTM3NSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="1032749" href="https://uta-fi.academia.edu/VenlaOikkonen">Venla Oikkonen</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="1032749" type="text/json">{"id":1032749,"first_name":"Venla","last_name":"Oikkonen","domain_name":"uta-fi","page_name":"VenlaOikkonen","display_name":"Venla Oikkonen","profile_url":"https://uta-fi.academia.edu/VenlaOikkonen?f_ri=390","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/1032749/358793/1609283/s65_venla.oikkonen.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_5965930 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="5965930"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 5965930, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_5965930", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=5965930]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_5965930").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_5965930").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="5965930"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">43</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="129" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/American_History">American History</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="129" type="text/json">{"id":129,"name":"American History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/American_History?f_ri=390","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="188" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cultural_Studies">Cultural Studies</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="188" type="text/json">{"id":188,"name":"Cultural Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cultural_Studies?f_ri=390","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="390" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/American_Studies">American Studies</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="390" type="text/json">{"id":390,"name":"American Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/American_Studies?f_ri=390","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="926" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Indigenous_Studies">Indigenous Studies</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="926" type="text/json">{"id":926,"name":"Indigenous Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Indigenous_Studies?f_ri=390","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=5965930]'), work: {"id":5965930,"title":"Kennewick Man and the Evolutionary Origins of the Nation ","created_at":"2014-02-05T18:45:07.199-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/5965930/Kennewick_Man_and_the_Evolutionary_Origins_of_the_Nation?f_ri=390","dom_id":"work_5965930","summary":"This article addresses the recent attempts to integrate evolutionary history in the US national narrative. Focusing on the cultural, legal, and scientific controversy over Kennewick Man, the ancient human remains discovered in Washington state in 1996, the article explores the narrative politics of American national belonging. Through a popular historical novel on Kennewick Man's life, the article further theorizes nostalgia as a narrative tool in imagining the evolutionary origins of the nation. The article argues that nostalgia produces a temporal dynamic that bridges the gap between national history and global prehistory, and that this dynamic is reinforced through cultural ideas of genetic knowledge. At the same time, prehistoric nostalgia renders problematic ideas of ethnic difference largely invisible.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":40205931,"asset_id":5965930,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":1032749,"first_name":"Venla","last_name":"Oikkonen","domain_name":"uta-fi","page_name":"VenlaOikkonen","display_name":"Venla Oikkonen","profile_url":"https://uta-fi.academia.edu/VenlaOikkonen?f_ri=390","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/1032749/358793/1609283/s65_venla.oikkonen.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":129,"name":"American History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/American_History?f_ri=390","nofollow":false},{"id":188,"name":"Cultural Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cultural_Studies?f_ri=390","nofollow":false},{"id":390,"name":"American Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/American_Studies?f_ri=390","nofollow":false},{"id":926,"name":"Indigenous Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Indigenous_Studies?f_ri=390","nofollow":false},{"id":928,"name":"Media Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Media_Studies?f_ri=390"},{"id":934,"name":"Media and Cultural Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Media_and_Cultural_Studies?f_ri=390"},{"id":2852,"name":"Narrative","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Narrative?f_ri=390"},{"id":4480,"name":"Population Genetics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Population_Genetics?f_ri=390"},{"id":5453,"name":"Race and Ethnicity","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Race_and_Ethnicity?f_ri=390"},{"id":6439,"name":"Public Understanding Of Science","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Public_Understanding_Of_Science?f_ri=390"},{"id":8331,"name":"Indigenous Knowledge","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Indigenous_Knowledge?f_ri=390"},{"id":10422,"name":"National Identity","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/National_Identity?f_ri=390"},{"id":11483,"name":"Cultural Memory","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cultural_Memory?f_ri=390"},{"id":11858,"name":"Popular Fiction","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Popular_Fiction?f_ri=390"},{"id":14868,"name":"Literature And Science","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Literature_And_Science?f_ri=390"},{"id":21500,"name":"Social Studies Of Science","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Social_Studies_Of_Science?f_ri=390"},{"id":23855,"name":"Affect Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Affect_Studies?f_ri=390"},{"id":27903,"name":"Affect (Cultural Theory)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Affect_Cultural_Theory_?f_ri=390"},{"id":36600,"name":"Native American (History)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Native_American_History_?f_ri=390"},{"id":42042,"name":"Nostalgia","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Nostalgia?f_ri=390"},{"id":45769,"name":"NAGPRA","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/NAGPRA?f_ri=390"},{"id":48174,"name":"Temporality","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Temporality?f_ri=390"},{"id":54424,"name":"science and technology studies (STS)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/science_and_technology_studies_STS_?f_ri=390"},{"id":59622,"name":"US History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/US_History?f_ri=390"},{"id":68612,"name":"Popular Romance Fiction","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Popular_Romance_Fiction?f_ri=390"},{"id":77272,"name":"Repatriation of Indigenous Human Remains","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Repatriation_of_Indigenous_Human_Remains?f_ri=390"},{"id":128259,"name":"Romance","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Romance?f_ri=390"},{"id":165155,"name":"American prehistory","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/American_prehistory?f_ri=390"},{"id":177441,"name":"Native American Graves Protection and Repatriation Act (NAGPRA)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Native_American_Graves_Protection_and_Repatriation_Act_NAGPRA_?f_ri=390"},{"id":182681,"name":"Nostalgia and Memory","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Nostalgia_and_Memory?f_ri=390"},{"id":208780,"name":"Human Remains and Ethics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Human_Remains_and_Ethics?f_ri=390"},{"id":234542,"name":"Science and Culture","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Science_and_Culture?f_ri=390"},{"id":282940,"name":"Human remains in Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Human_remains_in_Archaeology?f_ri=390"},{"id":286628,"name":"Indigenous Knowledge and Science","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Indigenous_Knowledge_and_Science?f_ri=390"},{"id":311708,"name":"Romantic fiction","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Romantic_fiction?f_ri=390"},{"id":391715,"name":"Ethnicity and National Identity","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ethnicity_and_National_Identity?f_ri=390"},{"id":431548,"name":"Kennewick Man","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Kennewick_Man?f_ri=390"},{"id":467513,"name":"Ancient Human Remains","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Human_Remains?f_ri=390"},{"id":468498,"name":"Prehistoric fiction","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Prehistoric_fiction?f_ri=390"},{"id":501614,"name":"Media and Culture","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Media_and_Culture?f_ri=390"},{"id":523113,"name":"National narratives","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/National_narratives?f_ri=390"},{"id":634379,"name":"history of the USA","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/history_of_the_USA?f_ri=390"},{"id":1744493,"name":"Science and Technology Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Science_and_Technology_Studies?f_ri=390"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_15022330" data-work_id="15022330" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/15022330/The_Atlantic_James_Connolly">The Atlantic James Connolly</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest">Internationalist Review of Irish Culture. 2 (Spring 2009): 134-152</div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/15022330" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="44d786400ce6d429482d09eda9580b09" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":38509793,"asset_id":15022330,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/38509793/download_file?st=MTczMjc4MTM3NSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down 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InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="15022330"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 15022330; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=15022330]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_15022330").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_15022330").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="15022330"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">5</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="386" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Irish_Studies">Irish Studies</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="386" type="text/json">{"id":386,"name":"Irish Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Irish_Studies?f_ri=390","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="390" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/American_Studies">American Studies</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="390" type="text/json">{"id":390,"name":"American Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/American_Studies?f_ri=390","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="4121" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Atlantic_World">Atlantic World</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="4121" type="text/json">{"id":4121,"name":"Atlantic World","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Atlantic_World?f_ri=390","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="14730" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Migration_Studies">Migration Studies</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="14730" type="text/json">{"id":14730,"name":"Migration Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Migration_Studies?f_ri=390","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=15022330]'), work: {"id":15022330,"title":"The Atlantic James Connolly","created_at":"2015-08-18T18:13:12.554-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/15022330/The_Atlantic_James_Connolly?f_ri=390","dom_id":"work_15022330","summary":" Internationalist Review of Irish Culture. 2 (Spring 2009): 134-152","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":38509793,"asset_id":15022330,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":9239402,"first_name":"Peter","last_name":"O'Neill","domain_name":"uga","page_name":"PeterONeill","display_name":"Peter D O'Neill","profile_url":"https://uga.academia.edu/PeterONeill?f_ri=390","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/9239402/9994589/11177315/s65_peter.o_neill.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":386,"name":"Irish Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Irish_Studies?f_ri=390","nofollow":false},{"id":390,"name":"American Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/American_Studies?f_ri=390","nofollow":false},{"id":4121,"name":"Atlantic World","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Atlantic_World?f_ri=390","nofollow":false},{"id":14730,"name":"Migration Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Migration_Studies?f_ri=390","nofollow":false},{"id":19415,"name":"Labor History and Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Labor_History_and_Studies?f_ri=390"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_31387401" data-work_id="31387401" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/31387401/The_Black_Arts_Movement">The Black Arts Movement</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Emerging from a matrix of Old Left, Black Nationalist, and bohemian ideologies and institutions, African American artists and intellectuals in the 1960s coalesced to form the Black Arts Movement, the cultural wing of the Black Power... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_31387401" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Emerging from a matrix of Old Left, Black Nationalist, and bohemian ideologies and institutions, African American artists and intellectuals in the 1960s coalesced to form the Black Arts Movement, the cultural wing of the Black Power Movement <br /><a href="http://ow.ly/HtWx3066Rh6" rel="nofollow">http://ow.ly/HtWx3066Rh6</a><br />Historical Overviews of The Black Arts Movement</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/31387401" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="0551f2680bd6f53b81504f514d3fc5b6" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":51761824,"asset_id":31387401,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button 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Literature","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/African_American_Literature?f_ri=390"},{"id":14912,"name":"African American Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/African_American_Studies?f_ri=390"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_34957835" data-work_id="34957835" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/34957835/The_art_of_witness_in_US_Central_American_cultural_production_An_analysis_of_William_Archilas_The_Art_of_Exile_and_Alma_Leivas_Celdas_">The "art of witness" in US Central American cultural production: An analysis of William Archila's _The Art of Exile_ and Alma Leiva's _Celdas_</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">US Central Americans are destabilizing, reconceiving, and revitalizing the US Latina/o canon, and in doing so, they are forcing us to reconsider hegemonic ideas about Latinidad. The cultural production of Latinos/as of Central American... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_34957835" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">US Central Americans are destabilizing, reconceiving, and revitalizing the US Latina/o canon, and in doing so, they are forcing us to reconsider hegemonic ideas about Latinidad. The cultural production of Latinos/as of Central American descent has engaged in a critical denunciation of the violence that characterizes not only the history, but also the current situation, of the Central American isthmus. This essay examines the strategies used by US Central American poet William Archila and visual artist Alma Leiva to (re)construct the past and memorialize the victims of violence across Central America. I argue that Archila’s poetry collection The Art of Exile and Alma Leiva’s installation-photography series Celdas are examples of the “art of witness.” As such, their works play a key role in the reconstruction of Central American collective memory from the diaspora.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/34957835" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="a4bf47a7a2cce91a9054b848fbb7cf26" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":63112763,"asset_id":34957835,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/63112763/download_file?st=MTczMjc4MTM3NSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="1399538" href="https://nd.academia.edu/MariselMoreno">Marisel Moreno</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="1399538" type="text/json">{"id":1399538,"first_name":"Marisel","last_name":"Moreno","domain_name":"nd","page_name":"MariselMoreno","display_name":"Marisel Moreno","profile_url":"https://nd.academia.edu/MariselMoreno?f_ri=390","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/1399538/2049858/4464184/s65_marisel.moreno.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_34957835 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="34957835"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 34957835, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_34957835", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=34957835]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_34957835").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_34957835").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="34957835"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">20</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="10" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/American_Literature">American Literature</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="10" type="text/json">{"id":10,"name":"American Literature","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/American_Literature?f_ri=390","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="298" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Latino_A_Studies">Latino/A Studies</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="298" type="text/json">{"id":298,"name":"Latino/A Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Latino_A_Studies?f_ri=390","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="388" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Latin_American_Studies">Latin American Studies</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="388" type="text/json">{"id":388,"name":"Latin American Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Latin_American_Studies?f_ri=390","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="390" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/American_Studies">American Studies</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="390" type="text/json">{"id":390,"name":"American Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/American_Studies?f_ri=390","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=34957835]'), work: {"id":34957835,"title":"The \"art of witness\" in US Central American cultural production: An analysis of William Archila's _The Art of Exile_ and Alma Leiva's _Celdas_","created_at":"2017-10-25T10:54:11.605-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/34957835/The_art_of_witness_in_US_Central_American_cultural_production_An_analysis_of_William_Archilas_The_Art_of_Exile_and_Alma_Leivas_Celdas_?f_ri=390","dom_id":"work_34957835","summary":"US Central Americans are destabilizing, reconceiving, and revitalizing the US Latina/o canon, and in doing so, they are forcing us to reconsider hegemonic ideas about Latinidad. The cultural production of Latinos/as of Central American descent has engaged in a critical denunciation of the violence that characterizes not only the history, but also the current situation, of the Central American isthmus. This essay examines the strategies used by US Central American poet William Archila and visual artist Alma Leiva to (re)construct the past and memorialize the victims of violence across Central America. I argue that Archila’s poetry collection The Art of Exile and Alma Leiva’s installation-photography series Celdas are examples of the “art of witness.” As such, their works play a key role in the reconstruction of Central American collective memory from the diaspora.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":63112763,"asset_id":34957835,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":1399538,"first_name":"Marisel","last_name":"Moreno","domain_name":"nd","page_name":"MariselMoreno","display_name":"Marisel Moreno","profile_url":"https://nd.academia.edu/MariselMoreno?f_ri=390","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/1399538/2049858/4464184/s65_marisel.moreno.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":10,"name":"American Literature","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/American_Literature?f_ri=390","nofollow":false},{"id":298,"name":"Latino/A Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Latino_A_Studies?f_ri=390","nofollow":false},{"id":388,"name":"Latin American Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Latin_American_Studies?f_ri=390","nofollow":false},{"id":390,"name":"American Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/American_Studies?f_ri=390","nofollow":false},{"id":2940,"name":"Latina/o Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Latina_o_Studies?f_ri=390"},{"id":4614,"name":"Central America and Mexico","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Central_America_and_Mexico?f_ri=390"},{"id":4617,"name":"Central American Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Central_American_Studies?f_ri=390"},{"id":17294,"name":"El Salvador","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/El_Salvador?f_ri=390"},{"id":24773,"name":"Latina Feminism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Latina_Feminism?f_ri=390"},{"id":26558,"name":"Visual Arts","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Visual_Arts?f_ri=390"},{"id":27505,"name":"Central American History and Culture","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Central_American_History_and_Culture?f_ri=390"},{"id":29922,"name":"Latino/as in the U.S.","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Latino_as_in_the_U.S.?f_ri=390"},{"id":41512,"name":"Central American Literature","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Central_American_Literature?f_ri=390"},{"id":54848,"name":"Latinos","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Latinos?f_ri=390"},{"id":78768,"name":"Honduras","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Honduras?f_ri=390"},{"id":86183,"name":"Central America","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Central_America?f_ri=390"},{"id":87925,"name":"US Latino Literature","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/US_Latino_Literature?f_ri=390"},{"id":145242,"name":"Arte Latinoamericano","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Arte_Latinoamericano?f_ri=390"},{"id":314766,"name":"Arte Contemporáneo Latinoamericano","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Arte_Contemporaneo_Latinoamericano?f_ri=390"},{"id":502618,"name":"Literatura Latina","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Literatura_Latina?f_ri=390"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_36294314" data-work_id="36294314" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/36294314/_Native_Messengers_of_God_in_Canada_1996_">“Native Messengers of God in Canada?” (1996)</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">NATIVE MESSENGERS OF GOD IN CANADA?: A TEST CASE FOR BAHA’I UNIVERSALISM (1996) *** Christopher Buck, “Native Messengers of God in Canada?: A Test Case for Baha’i Universalism.” Baha’i Studies Review 6 (1996): 97–133. *** Award... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_36294314" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">NATIVE MESSENGERS OF GOD IN CANADA?: <br />A TEST CASE FOR BAHA’I UNIVERSALISM (1996) <br /> <br />*** Christopher Buck, “Native Messengers of God in Canada?: A Test Case for Baha’i Universalism.” Baha’i Studies Review 6 (1996): 97–133. <br /> <br />*** Award for Excellence in Baha’i Studies. Association for Baha’i Studies, 1994. <br /> <br />EPILOGUE <br /> <br />Thereupon Tekanawitaˀ [Deganawida, the Peacemaker] stood up in the center of the gathering place, and then he said, “First I will answer what it means to say, ‘Now it is arriving, the Good Message.’ This indeed, is what it means: When it stops, the slaughter of your own people who live here on earth, then everywhere peace will come about, by day and also by night, and it will come about that as one travels around, everyone will be related. … <br /> <br />Now again, secondly, I say, ‘Now it is arriving, the power,’ and this means that the different nations, all the nations, will become just a single one, and the Great Law will come into being, so that now all will be related to each other, and there will come to be just a single family, and in the future, in days to come, this family will continue on. <br /> <br />Now in turn, the other, my third saying, ‘Now it is arriving, the Peace,’ this means that everyone will become related, men and also women, and also the young people and the children, and when all are relatives, every nation, then there will be peace as they roam about by day and also by night. … <br /> <br />Then there will be truthfulness, and they will uphold hope and charity, so that it is peace that will unite all the people, indeed, it will be as though they have but one mind, and they are a single person with only one body and one head and one life, which means that there will be unity.” … <br /> <br />When they are functioning, the Good Message and also the Power and the Peace, moreover, these will be the principal things everybody will live by; these will be the great values among the people.” <br /> <br />– Chief John Arthur Gibson, Concerning the League: The Iroquois League as Dictated in Onondaga, newly elicited, edited and translated by Hanni Woodbury in Collaboration with Reg Henry and Harry Webster on the Basis of A.A. Goldenweiser’s Manuscript. Memoir 9 (Winnipeg: Algonquian and Iroquoian Linguistics, 1992): 36–41.   <br />ABSTRACT <br /> <br />Academic and popular interest has lent prestige to native spirituality and has brought it into prominence. The United Nations proclamation of 1993 as the International Year of Indigenous People gave native peoples international recognition. A corresponding interest in native culture has “valorised” (brought respect to) native spirituality. <br /> <br />The National Spiritual Assembly of the Bahá’ís of Canada took a position of advocacy on behalf of First Nations Canadians in its formal submission to the Royal Commission on Aboriginal Peoples in the fall of 1993. The strong native presence in Canadian Bahá’í community life raises the question of the place of native spirituality within a Bahá’í worldview. <br /> <br />Homefront “pioneers” have extended Bahá’í universalism to a recognition of the richness and authenticity of native cultural values. Such recognition has been supported by local Bahá’í policy, as attested in teaching pamphlets addressed to native peoples, in which the concept of First World messengers of God has been validated. Although theoretically acknowledged, explicit recognition of native messengers of God has yet to be formalised in Bahá’í doctrine. <br /> <br />This study discusses the possibilities of incorporating the principle of “Messengers of God to Indigenous Peoples” within formal Bahá’í doctrine, reflecting a development that has already taken place in popular Bahá’í belief in the North American context. A hitherto under-studied Persian text of ‘Abdu’l-Bahá establishes the principle in such a way that its explicit enunciation is now possible. <br /> <br />The problem of historical attestation remains. The prophetic credentials of Iroquois culture hero and statesman Deganawida are critically examined as a test case. The legend of Deganawida has a kernel of historicity overlaid by hagiography, with admitted Christian influence. Nonetheless, if the Bahá’í principle of “Progressive Revelation” can assimilate the Amerindian spiritual legacy as distinct from and developmentally asynchronous with Irano-Semitic and Sino-Indic religious histories, then it might be possible to accord Deganawida a provisional status with Bahá’í prophetology, and still affirm Bahá’u’lláh’s unific role in world history, as oral cultures take their place alongside the more familiar “literate” traditions. <br /> <br /><a href="https://www.academia.edu/36294314/_Native_Messengers_of_God_in_Canada_1996_" rel="nofollow">https://www.academia.edu/36294314/_Native_Messengers_of_God_in_Canada_1996_</a></div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/36294314" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="3709d908965f261cc88e9b9196cc6c19" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":56200759,"asset_id":36294314,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/56200759/download_file?st=MTczMjc4MTM3NSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="184507" href="https://psu-us.academia.edu/ChristopherBuck">Christopher Buck</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="184507" type="text/json">{"id":184507,"first_name":"Christopher","last_name":"Buck","domain_name":"psu-us","page_name":"ChristopherBuck","display_name":"Christopher Buck","profile_url":"https://psu-us.academia.edu/ChristopherBuck?f_ri=390","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/184507/1953985/8181236/s65_christopher.buck.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_36294314 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="36294314"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 36294314, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_36294314", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=36294314]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_36294314").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_36294314").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="36294314"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">41</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="106" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Religion">Religion</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="106" type="text/json">{"id":106,"name":"Religion","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Religion?f_ri=390","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="107" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Abrahamic_Religions">Abrahamic Religions</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="107" type="text/json">{"id":107,"name":"Abrahamic Religions","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Abrahamic_Religions?f_ri=390","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="119" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Native_American_Religions">Native American Religions</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="119" type="text/json">{"id":119,"name":"Native American Religions","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Native_American_Religions?f_ri=390","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="120" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/New_Religious_Movements">New Religious Movements</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="120" type="text/json">{"id":120,"name":"New Religious Movements","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/New_Religious_Movements?f_ri=390","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=36294314]'), work: {"id":36294314,"title":"“Native Messengers of God in Canada?” (1996)","created_at":"2018-03-30T18:53:10.820-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/36294314/_Native_Messengers_of_God_in_Canada_1996_?f_ri=390","dom_id":"work_36294314","summary":"NATIVE MESSENGERS OF GOD IN CANADA?:\r\nA TEST CASE FOR BAHA’I UNIVERSALISM (1996)\r\n\r\n*** Christopher Buck, “Native Messengers of God in Canada?: A Test Case for Baha’i Universalism.” Baha’i Studies Review 6 (1996): 97–133. \r\n\r\n*** Award for Excellence in Baha’i Studies. Association for Baha’i Studies, 1994.\r\n\r\nEPILOGUE\r\n\r\nThereupon Tekanawitaˀ [Deganawida, the Peacemaker] stood up in the center of the gathering place, and then he said, “First I will answer what it means to say, ‘Now it is arriving, the Good Message.’ This indeed, is what it means: When it stops, the slaughter of your own people who live here on earth, then everywhere peace will come about, by day and also by night, and it will come about that as one travels around, everyone will be related. …\r\n\r\nNow again, secondly, I say, ‘Now it is arriving, the power,’ and this means that the different nations, all the nations, will become just a single one, and the Great Law will come into being, so that now all will be related to each other, and there will come to be just a single family, and in the future, in days to come, this family will continue on.\r\n\r\nNow in turn, the other, my third saying, ‘Now it is arriving, the Peace,’ this means that everyone will become related, men and also women, and also the young people and the children, and when all are relatives, every nation, then there will be peace as they roam about by day and also by night. … \r\n\r\nThen there will be truthfulness, and they will uphold hope and charity, so that it is peace that will unite all the people, indeed, it will be as though they have but one mind, and they are a single person with only one body and one head and one life, which means that there will be unity.” …\r\n\r\nWhen they are functioning, the Good Message and also the Power and the Peace, moreover, these will be the principal things everybody will live by; these will be the great values among the people.”\r\n\r\n– Chief John Arthur Gibson, Concerning the League: The Iroquois League as Dictated in Onondaga, newly elicited, edited and translated by Hanni Woodbury in Collaboration with Reg Henry and Harry Webster on the Basis of A.A. Goldenweiser’s Manuscript. Memoir 9 (Winnipeg: Algonquian and Iroquoian Linguistics, 1992): 36–41. \u2028\r\nABSTRACT\r\n\r\nAcademic and popular interest has lent prestige to native spirituality and has brought it into prominence. The United Nations proclamation of 1993 as the International Year of Indigenous People gave native peoples international recognition. A corresponding interest in native culture has “valorised” (brought respect to) native spirituality. \r\n\r\nThe National Spiritual Assembly of the Bahá’ís of Canada took a position of advocacy on behalf of First Nations Canadians in its formal submission to the Royal Commission on Aboriginal Peoples in the fall of 1993. The strong native presence in Canadian Bahá’í community life raises the question of the place of native spirituality within a Bahá’í worldview. \r\n\r\nHomefront “pioneers” have extended Bahá’í universalism to a recognition of the richness and authenticity of native cultural values. Such recognition has been supported by local Bahá’í policy, as attested in teaching pamphlets addressed to native peoples, in which the concept of First World messengers of God has been validated. Although theoretically acknowledged, explicit recognition of native messengers of God has yet to be formalised in Bahá’í doctrine. \r\n\r\nThis study discusses the possibilities of incorporating the principle of “Messengers of God to Indigenous Peoples” within formal Bahá’í doctrine, reflecting a development that has already taken place in popular Bahá’í belief in the North American context. A hitherto under-studied Persian text of ‘Abdu’l-Bahá establishes the principle in such a way that its explicit enunciation is now possible. \r\n\r\nThe problem of historical attestation remains. The prophetic credentials of Iroquois culture hero and statesman Deganawida are critically examined as a test case. The legend of Deganawida has a kernel of historicity overlaid by hagiography, with admitted Christian influence. Nonetheless, if the Bahá’í principle of “Progressive Revelation” can assimilate the Amerindian spiritual legacy as distinct from and developmentally asynchronous with Irano-Semitic and Sino-Indic religious histories, then it might be possible to accord Deganawida a provisional status with Bahá’í prophetology, and still affirm Bahá’u’lláh’s unific role in world history, as oral cultures take their place alongside the more familiar “literate” traditions. \r\n \r\nhttps://www.academia.edu/36294314/_Native_Messengers_of_God_in_Canada_1996_","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":56200759,"asset_id":36294314,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":184507,"first_name":"Christopher","last_name":"Buck","domain_name":"psu-us","page_name":"ChristopherBuck","display_name":"Christopher Buck","profile_url":"https://psu-us.academia.edu/ChristopherBuck?f_ri=390","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/184507/1953985/8181236/s65_christopher.buck.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":106,"name":"Religion","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Religion?f_ri=390","nofollow":false},{"id":107,"name":"Abrahamic Religions","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Abrahamic_Religions?f_ri=390","nofollow":false},{"id":119,"name":"Native American Religions","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Native_American_Religions?f_ri=390","nofollow":false},{"id":120,"name":"New Religious Movements","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/New_Religious_Movements?f_ri=390","nofollow":false},{"id":128,"name":"History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History?f_ri=390"},{"id":129,"name":"American History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/American_History?f_ri=390"},{"id":299,"name":"Native American Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Native_American_Studies?f_ri=390"},{"id":381,"name":"Canadian Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Canadian_Studies?f_ri=390"},{"id":390,"name":"American Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/American_Studies?f_ri=390"},{"id":926,"name":"Indigenous Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Indigenous_Studies?f_ri=390"},{"id":927,"name":"Indigenous or Aboriginal Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Indigenous_or_Aboriginal_Studies?f_ri=390"},{"id":2412,"name":"Canadian History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Canadian_History?f_ri=390"},{"id":3175,"name":"American Indian History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/American_Indian_History?f_ri=390"},{"id":3348,"name":"Baha'i studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Bahai_studies?f_ri=390"},{"id":3561,"name":"Reciprocity (Social and Cultural Anthropology)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Reciprocity_Social_and_Cultural_Anthropology_?f_ri=390"},{"id":6242,"name":"Global Egalitarianism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Global_Egalitarianism?f_ri=390"},{"id":6337,"name":"Oral history","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Oral_history?f_ri=390"},{"id":7093,"name":"New Religions","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/New_Religions?f_ri=390"},{"id":7540,"name":"Oral Traditions","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Oral_Traditions?f_ri=390"},{"id":7694,"name":"Egalitarianism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egalitarianism?f_ri=390"},{"id":8920,"name":"History of Canada","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History_of_Canada?f_ri=390"},{"id":10099,"name":"History of Religions","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History_of_Religions?f_ri=390"},{"id":11879,"name":"Native American Literature (Literature)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Native_American_Literature_Literature_?f_ri=390"},{"id":13116,"name":"Aboriginal history in Canada","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Aboriginal_history_in_Canada?f_ri=390"},{"id":15149,"name":"Indigenous Peoples Rights","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Indigenous_Peoples_Rights?f_ri=390"},{"id":15504,"name":"Native American","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Native_American?f_ri=390"},{"id":18753,"name":"American Indian \u0026 Alaska Native","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/American_Indian_and_Alaska_Native?f_ri=390"},{"id":19495,"name":"Indigenous Peoples","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Indigenous_Peoples?f_ri=390"},{"id":25998,"name":"American Indian Literature","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/American_Indian_Literature?f_ri=390"},{"id":36593,"name":"Native American Anthropology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Native_American_Anthropology?f_ri=390"},{"id":36600,"name":"Native American (History)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Native_American_History_?f_ri=390"},{"id":37665,"name":"First Nations of Canada","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/First_Nations_of_Canada?f_ri=390"},{"id":54114,"name":"Canada","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Canada?f_ri=390"},{"id":57889,"name":"American Indian Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/American_Indian_Studies?f_ri=390"},{"id":112210,"name":"Native Americans","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Native_Americans?f_ri=390"},{"id":125222,"name":"Universalism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Universalism?f_ri=390"},{"id":147877,"name":"Aboriginal Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Aboriginal_Studies?f_ri=390"},{"id":222695,"name":"Six Nations of the Grand River","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Six_Nations_of_the_Grand_River?f_ri=390"},{"id":394316,"name":"Iroquois Indians","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Iroquois_Indians?f_ri=390"},{"id":502989,"name":"Baha'i Faith","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Bahai_Faith-1?f_ri=390"},{"id":1035278,"name":"Native Canadian Literatures","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Native_Canadian_Literatures?f_ri=390"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_36047291" data-work_id="36047291" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/36047291/_By_Force_of_Expectation_Colonization_Public_Lands_and_the_Property_Relation_">"By Force of Expectation: Colonization, Public Lands, and the Property Relation"</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Not-guilty verdicts, mistrials, and impunity for the Bundy family and many of their supporters in the armed confrontations over public land use in Nevada and Oregon. Expanded access for private oil, gas, mining, and logging industries and... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_36047291" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Not-guilty verdicts, mistrials, and impunity for the Bundy family and many of their supporters in the armed confrontations over public land use in Nevada and Oregon. Expanded access for private oil, gas, mining, and logging industries and the downsizing of national monuments such as Bears Ears lead by Secretary of the Interior Ryan Zinke. A number of highly contentious debates and sensationalized events have again focused attention on land held in the public domain by the United States. This essay argues that federal land policy as a form of colonial administration has been constitutive for the logic of expectation as property in what is now the United States. From the state land cessions negotiated on behalf of the Articles of Confederation to the preemption acts (1830–1841) to the homestead acts (1862–1916) to present-day demands for land transfer, the acquisition and disposal of the so-called public domain have been central to westward colonization, the consolidation of the nation-state, and the promise of land ownership as the ostensible foundation of individual liberty. These dynamics are evident in contemporary conflicts over public lands and arguments for the transfer of public lands to either state or private ownership. Approaching the Bundy occupations as flashpoints that illuminate competing interpretations and claims to land within the history of westward colonization, this essay seeks to demonstrate the ways in which expectation emerges from particular economies of dispossession of indigenous peoples that have historically worked through and across the division of public and private property.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/36047291" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="cdc73018a11f3a60cdf57cbbd232cd87" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":55933459,"asset_id":36047291,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/55933459/download_file?st=MTczMjc4MTM3NSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="2842469" href="https://unm.academia.edu/AlyoshaGoldstein">Alyosha Goldstein</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="2842469" type="text/json">{"id":2842469,"first_name":"Alyosha","last_name":"Goldstein","domain_name":"unm","page_name":"AlyoshaGoldstein","display_name":"Alyosha Goldstein","profile_url":"https://unm.academia.edu/AlyoshaGoldstein?f_ri=390","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/2842469/2803461/40302902/s65_alyosha.goldstein.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_36047291 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="36047291"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 36047291, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_36047291", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=36047291]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_36047291").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_36047291").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="36047291"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">97</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="8" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Critical_Theory">Critical Theory</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="8" type="text/json">{"id":8,"name":"Critical Theory","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Critical_Theory?f_ri=390","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="128" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History">History</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="128" type="text/json">{"id":128,"name":"History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History?f_ri=390","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="129" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/American_History">American History</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="129" type="text/json">{"id":129,"name":"American History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/American_History?f_ri=390","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="188" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cultural_Studies">Cultural Studies</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="188" type="text/json">{"id":188,"name":"Cultural Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cultural_Studies?f_ri=390","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=36047291]'), work: {"id":36047291,"title":"\"By Force of Expectation: Colonization, Public Lands, and the Property Relation\"","created_at":"2018-02-28T21:27:07.330-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/36047291/_By_Force_of_Expectation_Colonization_Public_Lands_and_the_Property_Relation_?f_ri=390","dom_id":"work_36047291","summary":"Not-guilty verdicts, mistrials, and impunity for the Bundy family and many of their supporters in the armed confrontations over public land use in Nevada and Oregon. Expanded access for private oil, gas, mining, and logging industries and the downsizing of national monuments such as Bears Ears lead by Secretary of the Interior Ryan Zinke. A number of highly contentious debates and sensationalized events have again focused attention on land held in the public domain by the United States. This essay argues that federal land policy as a form of colonial administration has been constitutive for the logic of expectation as property in what is now the United States. From the state land cessions negotiated on behalf of the Articles of Confederation to the preemption acts (1830–1841) to the homestead acts (1862–1916) to present-day demands for land transfer, the acquisition and disposal of the so-called public domain have been central to westward colonization, the consolidation of the nation-state, and the promise of land ownership as the ostensible foundation of individual liberty. These dynamics are evident in contemporary conflicts over public lands and arguments for the transfer of public lands to either state or private ownership. Approaching the Bundy occupations as flashpoints that illuminate competing interpretations and claims to land within the history of westward colonization, this essay seeks to demonstrate the ways in which expectation emerges from particular economies of dispossession of indigenous peoples that have historically worked through and across the division of public and private property.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":55933459,"asset_id":36047291,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":2842469,"first_name":"Alyosha","last_name":"Goldstein","domain_name":"unm","page_name":"AlyoshaGoldstein","display_name":"Alyosha Goldstein","profile_url":"https://unm.academia.edu/AlyoshaGoldstein?f_ri=390","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/2842469/2803461/40302902/s65_alyosha.goldstein.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":8,"name":"Critical 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js-work-card work_15653681" data-work_id="15653681" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/15653681/The_World_the_Historians_Made_Twentieth_Century_Historians_Portrayals_of_American_Slavery">The World the Historians Made: Twentieth-Century Historians' Portrayals of American Slavery</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest">An exploration of the questions, methods, and debates that shaped the historiography of American slavery over the twentieth century, beginning with Ulrich Phillips and ending with Melton McLaurin.</div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" 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History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/American_History?f_ri=390","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="390" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/American_Studies">American Studies</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="390" type="text/json">{"id":390,"name":"American Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/American_Studies?f_ri=390","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="6283" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History_of_Slavery">History of Slavery</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="6283" type="text/json">{"id":6283,"name":"History of Slavery","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History_of_Slavery?f_ri=390","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="14912" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/African_American_Studies">African American Studies</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="14912" type="text/json">{"id":14912,"name":"African American Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/African_American_Studies?f_ri=390","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=15653681]'), work: {"id":15653681,"title":"The World the Historians Made: Twentieth-Century Historians' Portrayals of American Slavery","created_at":"2015-09-13T10:36:58.808-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/15653681/The_World_the_Historians_Made_Twentieth_Century_Historians_Portrayals_of_American_Slavery?f_ri=390","dom_id":"work_15653681","summary":"An exploration of the questions, methods, and debates that shaped the historiography of American slavery over the twentieth century, beginning with Ulrich Phillips and ending with Melton McLaurin.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":38754723,"asset_id":15653681,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":32795655,"first_name":"Ben","last_name":"Ford","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"BenFord27","display_name":"Ben Ford","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/BenFord27?f_ri=390","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/32795655/9772190/16330171/s65_ben.ford.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":129,"name":"American History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/American_History?f_ri=390","nofollow":false},{"id":390,"name":"American Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/American_Studies?f_ri=390","nofollow":false},{"id":6283,"name":"History of Slavery","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History_of_Slavery?f_ri=390","nofollow":false},{"id":14912,"name":"African American Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/African_American_Studies?f_ri=390","nofollow":false},{"id":492196,"name":"American Slavery","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/American_Slavery?f_ri=390"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_41976106" data-work_id="41976106" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/41976106/Introduction_Pearl_Buck_Fighting_Angel_and_The_Exile">Introduction Pearl Buck, Fighting Angel and The Exile.</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest">Introduction to reprint of Pearl Buck, Fighting Angel, a memoir of her father published in 1935, and The Exile, of her mother, also 1935.</div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/41976106" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="c51b6e451ce85dfb0de3979739dedf15" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":62100884,"asset_id":41976106,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/62100884/download_file?st=MTczMjc4MTM3NSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down 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InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="41976106"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 41976106, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_41976106", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_41976106 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 41976106; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_41976106"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_41976106 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="41976106"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 41976106; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=41976106]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_41976106").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_41976106").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="41976106"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">6</a>  </div><span 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type="text/json">{"id":82139,"name":"Missionary Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Missionary_Studies?f_ri=390","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="132924" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Modern_China_especially_late_Qing_and_Republican_history_">Modern China (especially late Qing and Republican history)</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="132924" type="text/json">{"id":132924,"name":"Modern China (especially late Qing and Republican history)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Modern_China_especially_late_Qing_and_Republican_history_?f_ri=390","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=41976106]'), work: {"id":41976106,"title":"Introduction Pearl Buck, Fighting Angel and The Exile.","created_at":"2020-02-14T11:06:58.007-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/41976106/Introduction_Pearl_Buck_Fighting_Angel_and_The_Exile?f_ri=390","dom_id":"work_41976106","summary":"Introduction to reprint of Pearl Buck, Fighting Angel, a memoir of her father published in 1935, and The Exile, of her mother, also 1935.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":62100884,"asset_id":41976106,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":20169598,"first_name":"Charles","last_name":"Hayford","domain_name":"independentscholar","page_name":"CharlesHayford","display_name":"Charles Hayford","profile_url":"https://independentscholar.academia.edu/CharlesHayford?f_ri=390","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/20169598/5608389/35431210/s65_charles.hayford.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":390,"name":"American Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/American_Studies?f_ri=390","nofollow":false},{"id":10771,"name":"United States In The World","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/United_States_In_The_World?f_ri=390","nofollow":false},{"id":82139,"name":"Missionary Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Missionary_Studies?f_ri=390","nofollow":false},{"id":132924,"name":"Modern China (especially late Qing and Republican history)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Modern_China_especially_late_Qing_and_Republican_history_?f_ri=390","nofollow":false},{"id":859930,"name":"Pearl Buck","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Pearl_Buck?f_ri=390"},{"id":1302494,"name":"United States - China Relations","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/United_States_-_China_Relations?f_ri=390"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_34983430" data-work_id="34983430" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/34983430/Modern_Print_Activism_in_the_United_States">Modern Print Activism in the United States</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Edited volume exploring the use of print culture as a form of social and political activism in the United States during the 20th century. From the intro: “Print activism” is a term I use here to refer to print media’s role in social... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_34983430" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Edited volume exploring the use of print culture as a form of social and political activism in the United States during the 20th century. <br /> <br />From the intro: “Print activism” is a term I use here to refer to print media’s role in social and political activism throughout the long twentieth century. beginning in the late 1800s with the industrialization of print technologies and the prolific expansion of networks for distribution of printed materials to readers, activists relied on newspapers, magazines, pamphlets, calendars, and other print forms to amplify their voices. Print activism continued throughout the century as the central vehicle by which activists on all points of the political spectrum—left, right, and center—spread their opinions, elicited support, created networks among like- minded individuals, and attempted to establish cohesive group identities for the larger world. <br /> <br />This book was republished in paperback by Routledge.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/34983430" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="beeaa7c2f177242267b87b2fe41c777b" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":54885529,"asset_id":34983430,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/54885529/download_file?st=MTczMjc4MTM3NSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="33918556" href="https://new.academia.edu/RachelSchreiber">Rachel Schreiber</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="33918556" type="text/json">{"id":33918556,"first_name":"Rachel","last_name":"Schreiber","domain_name":"new","page_name":"RachelSchreiber","display_name":"Rachel Schreiber","profile_url":"https://new.academia.edu/RachelSchreiber?f_ri=390","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/33918556/18143843/38842254/s65_rachel.schreiber.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_34983430 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="34983430"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 34983430, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_34983430", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_34983430 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 34983430; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_34983430"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_34983430 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="34983430"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 34983430; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=34983430]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_34983430").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_34983430").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="34983430"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">4</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="390" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/American_Studies">American Studies</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="390" type="text/json">{"id":390,"name":"American Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/American_Studies?f_ri=390","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="876" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Print_Culture">Print Culture</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="876" type="text/json">{"id":876,"name":"Print Culture","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Print_Culture?f_ri=390","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="8307" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Periodical_Studies">Periodical Studies</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="8307" type="text/json">{"id":8307,"name":"Periodical Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Periodical_Studies?f_ri=390","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="36402" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Activism">Activism</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="36402" type="text/json">{"id":36402,"name":"Activism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Activism?f_ri=390","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=34983430]'), work: {"id":34983430,"title":"Modern Print Activism in the United States","created_at":"2017-10-28T09:03:33.748-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/34983430/Modern_Print_Activism_in_the_United_States?f_ri=390","dom_id":"work_34983430","summary":"Edited volume exploring the use of print culture as a form of social and political activism in the United States during the 20th century. \r\n\r\nFrom the intro: “Print activism” is a term I use here to refer to print media’s role in social and political activism throughout the long twentieth century. beginning in the late 1800s with the industrialization of print technologies and the prolific expansion of networks for distribution of printed materials to readers, activists relied on newspapers, magazines, pamphlets, calendars, and other print forms to amplify their voices. Print activism continued throughout the century as the central vehicle by which activists on all points of the political spectrum—left, right, and center—spread their opinions, elicited support, created networks among like- minded individuals, and attempted to establish cohesive group identities for the larger world.\r\n\r\nThis book was republished in paperback by Routledge.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":54885529,"asset_id":34983430,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":33918556,"first_name":"Rachel","last_name":"Schreiber","domain_name":"new","page_name":"RachelSchreiber","display_name":"Rachel Schreiber","profile_url":"https://new.academia.edu/RachelSchreiber?f_ri=390","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/33918556/18143843/38842254/s65_rachel.schreiber.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":390,"name":"American Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/American_Studies?f_ri=390","nofollow":false},{"id":876,"name":"Print Culture","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Print_Culture?f_ri=390","nofollow":false},{"id":8307,"name":"Periodical Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Periodical_Studies?f_ri=390","nofollow":false},{"id":36402,"name":"Activism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Activism?f_ri=390","nofollow":false}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_80066888" data-work_id="80066888" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/80066888/Building_Resiliency_The_Role_of_Faith_Based_Organizations_in_the_Trauma_Affected_Community_of_Santa_Fe_Texas">Building Resiliency: The Role of Faith-Based Organizations in the Trauma-Affected Community of Santa Fe, Texas</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Jordan, Mandy M. Building Resiliency: The Role of Faith-Based Organizations in the Trauma-Affected Community of Santa Fe, Texas. Master of Science (Applied Anthropology), August 2021, 205 pp., 2 tables, 15 figures, 8 appendices,... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_80066888" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Jordan, Mandy M. Building Resiliency: The Role of Faith-Based Organizations in the Trauma-Affected Community of Santa Fe, Texas. Master of Science (Applied Anthropology), August 2021, 205 pp., 2 tables, 15 figures, 8 appendices, references, 91 titles. On May 18, 2018, a shooter entered Santa Fe High School, killing eight students and two teachers. Using ethnographic methods, this research examines the role of faith, rituals, language, and symbols in the trauma-affected community during the response, recovery, and resiliency efforts as perceived by the Santa Fe community and those impacted by the tragedy. Qualitative data collected from 100 individuals ages of 17-84 illustrated how historical trauma, community culture, and faith-based organizations impact community resiliency and how illusions of a homogenous view of the community left many feeling shocked, divided, forgotten or muted.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/80066888" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="69abca1e45fc4f67d7d009f0dfec3920" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":86571948,"asset_id":80066888,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/86571948/download_file?st=MTczMjc4MTM3NSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="65310508" href="https://unt.academia.edu/MandyJordan">Mandy Jordan</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="65310508" type="text/json">{"id":65310508,"first_name":"Mandy","last_name":"Jordan","domain_name":"unt","page_name":"MandyJordan","display_name":"Mandy Jordan","profile_url":"https://unt.academia.edu/MandyJordan?f_ri=390","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/65310508/74088336/62579621/s65_mandy.jordan.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_80066888 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="80066888"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 80066888, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_80066888", }); 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Building Resiliency: The Role of Faith-Based Organizations in the Trauma-Affected Community of Santa Fe, Texas. Master of Science (Applied Anthropology), August 2021, 205 pp., 2 tables, 15 figures, 8 appendices, references, 91 titles. On May 18, 2018, a shooter entered Santa Fe High School, killing eight students and two teachers. Using ethnographic methods, this research examines the role of faith, rituals, language, and symbols in the trauma-affected community during the response, recovery, and resiliency efforts as perceived by the Santa Fe community and those impacted by the tragedy. Qualitative data collected from 100 individuals ages of 17-84 illustrated how historical trauma, community culture, and faith-based organizations impact community resiliency and how illusions of a homogenous view of the community left many feeling shocked, divided, forgotten or muted.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":86571948,"asset_id":80066888,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":65310508,"first_name":"Mandy","last_name":"Jordan","domain_name":"unt","page_name":"MandyJordan","display_name":"Mandy Jordan","profile_url":"https://unt.academia.edu/MandyJordan?f_ri=390","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/65310508/74088336/62579621/s65_mandy.jordan.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":98,"name":"Semiotics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Semiotics?f_ri=390","nofollow":false},{"id":109,"name":"Christianity","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Christianity?f_ri=390","nofollow":false},{"id":248,"name":"Social Psychology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Social_Psychology?f_ri=390","nofollow":false},{"id":390,"name":"American Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/American_Studies?f_ri=390","nofollow":false},{"id":767,"name":"Anthropology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Anthropology?f_ri=390"},{"id":794,"name":"American Politics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/American_Politics?f_ri=390"},{"id":2170,"name":"Ethnography","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ethnography?f_ri=390"},{"id":7125,"name":"Culture","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Culture?f_ri=390"},{"id":17140,"name":"Symbolic Anthropology (Anthropology)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Symbolic_Anthropology_Anthropology_?f_ri=390"},{"id":35686,"name":"Trauma","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Trauma?f_ri=390"},{"id":44365,"name":"Community-Based Participatory Research","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Community-Based_Participatory_Research?f_ri=390"},{"id":62582,"name":"Tragedy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Tragedy?f_ri=390"},{"id":74892,"name":"Resiliency","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Resiliency?f_ri=390"},{"id":172403,"name":"School Shootings","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/School_Shootings?f_ri=390"},{"id":305630,"name":"Faith-based Organizations","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Faith-based_Organizations?f_ri=390"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_38390196 coauthored" data-work_id="38390196" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/38390196/_Predatory_Value_Economies_of_Dispossession_and_Disturbed_Relationalities_by_Jodi_A_Byrd_Alyosha_Goldstein_Jodi_Melamed_and_Chandan_Reddy">"Predatory Value: Economies of Dispossession and Disturbed Relationalities" / by Jodi A. Byrd, Alyosha Goldstein, Jodi Melamed, and Chandan Reddy</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">This essay introduces and theorizes the central concerns of this special issue, “Economies of Dispossession: Indigeneity, Race, Capitalism.” Financialization, debt, and the accelerated concentration of wealth today work through social... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_38390196" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">This essay introduces and theorizes the central concerns of this special issue, “Economies of Dispossession: Indigeneity, Race, Capitalism.” Financialization, debt, and the accelerated concentration of wealth today work through social relations already configured and disposed by imperial conquest and racial capitalism. In the Americas broadly and the United States specifically, colonization and transatlantic slavery set in motion the dynamics and differential racialized valuations that continue to underwrite particular forms of subjection, property, commerce, and territoriality. The conception of economies of dispossession introduced in this essay draws attention to the overriding importance of rationalities of abstraction and commensurability for racial capitalism. The essay problematizes the ways in which dispossession is conventionally treated as a self-evident and circumscribed practice of unjust taking and subtractive action. Instead, working across the lethal confluences of imperial conquest and racial capitalist predation, this essay critically situates the logic of propriation that organizes and underwrites predatory value in the historical present. Against the commensurabilities and rationalities of debt and finance capitalism, conditioned through the proprietary logics of settler colonialism and racial capitalism, the essay gestures toward alternative frameworks for building collective capacities for what the authors describe as a grounded relationality.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/38390196" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="b61d9b1439a0db869ef1ca8f86c35091" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":58446771,"asset_id":38390196,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/58446771/download_file?st=MTczMjc4MTM3NSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="2842469" href="https://unm.academia.edu/AlyoshaGoldstein">Alyosha Goldstein</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="2842469" type="text/json">{"id":2842469,"first_name":"Alyosha","last_name":"Goldstein","domain_name":"unm","page_name":"AlyoshaGoldstein","display_name":"Alyosha Goldstein","profile_url":"https://unm.academia.edu/AlyoshaGoldstein?f_ri=390","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/2842469/2803461/40302902/s65_alyosha.goldstein.jpg"}</script></span></span><span class="u-displayInlineBlock InlineList-item-text"> and <span class="u-textDecorationUnderline u-clickable InlineList-item-text js-work-more-authors-38390196">+1</span><div class="hidden js-additional-users-38390196"><div><span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a href="https://washington.academia.edu/ChandanReddy">Chandan Reddy</a></span></div></div></span><script>(function(){ var popoverSettings = { el: $('.js-work-more-authors-38390196'), placement: 'bottom', hide_delay: 200, html: true, content: function(){ return $('.js-additional-users-38390196').html(); 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Byrd, Alyosha Goldstein, Jodi Melamed, and Chandan Reddy","created_at":"2019-02-19T13:03:15.035-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/38390196/_Predatory_Value_Economies_of_Dispossession_and_Disturbed_Relationalities_by_Jodi_A_Byrd_Alyosha_Goldstein_Jodi_Melamed_and_Chandan_Reddy?f_ri=390","dom_id":"work_38390196","summary":"This essay introduces and theorizes the central concerns of this special issue, “Economies of Dispossession: Indigeneity, Race, Capitalism.” Financialization, debt, and the accelerated concentration of wealth today work through social relations already configured and disposed by imperial conquest and racial capitalism. In the Americas broadly and the United States specifically, colonization and transatlantic slavery set in motion the dynamics and differential racialized valuations that continue to underwrite particular forms of subjection, property, commerce, and territoriality. The conception of economies of dispossession introduced in this essay draws attention to the overriding importance of rationalities of abstraction and commensurability for racial capitalism. The essay problematizes the ways in which dispossession is conventionally treated as a self-evident and circumscribed practice of unjust taking and subtractive action. Instead, working across the lethal confluences of imperial conquest and racial capitalist predation, this essay critically situates the logic of propriation that organizes and underwrites predatory value in the historical present. Against the commensurabilities and rationalities of debt and finance capitalism, conditioned through the proprietary logics of settler colonialism and racial capitalism, the essay gestures toward alternative frameworks for building collective capacities for what the authors describe as a grounded relationality.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":58446771,"asset_id":38390196,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":2842469,"first_name":"Alyosha","last_name":"Goldstein","domain_name":"unm","page_name":"AlyoshaGoldstein","display_name":"Alyosha Goldstein","profile_url":"https://unm.academia.edu/AlyoshaGoldstein?f_ri=390","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/2842469/2803461/40302902/s65_alyosha.goldstein.jpg"},{"id":6961430,"first_name":"Chandan","last_name":"Reddy","domain_name":"washington","page_name":"ChandanReddy","display_name":"Chandan Reddy","profile_url":"https://washington.academia.edu/ChandanReddy?f_ri=390","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/6961430/15680693/16238755/s65_chandan.reddy.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":8,"name":"Critical Theory","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Critical_Theory?f_ri=390","nofollow":false},{"id":188,"name":"Cultural Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cultural_Studies?f_ri=390","nofollow":false},{"id":296,"name":"Black Studies Or African American Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Black_Studies_Or_African_American_Studies?f_ri=390","nofollow":false},{"id":299,"name":"Native American Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Native_American_Studies?f_ri=390","nofollow":false},{"id":390,"name":"American Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/American_Studies?f_ri=390"},{"id":802,"name":"Political Economy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Political_Economy?f_ri=390"},{"id":813,"name":"Political Philosophy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Political_Philosophy?f_ri=390"},{"id":926,"name":"Indigenous Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Indigenous_Studies?f_ri=390"},{"id":1439,"name":"Globalization","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Globalization?f_ri=390"},{"id":1696,"name":"Political Theory","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Political_Theory?f_ri=390"},{"id":3277,"name":"Race and Racism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Race_and_Racism?f_ri=390"},{"id":5247,"name":"Critical Race Theory","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Critical_Race_Theory?f_ri=390"},{"id":6556,"name":"Colonialism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Colonialism?f_ri=390"},{"id":6603,"name":"Property","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Property?f_ri=390"},{"id":9705,"name":"Capitalism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Capitalism?f_ri=390"},{"id":12420,"name":"Neoliberalism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Neoliberalism?f_ri=390"},{"id":30010,"name":"Empire","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Empire?f_ri=390"},{"id":56908,"name":"Imperialism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Imperialism?f_ri=390"},{"id":57889,"name":"American Indian Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/American_Indian_Studies?f_ri=390"},{"id":1019273,"name":"Colonialism and Imperialism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Colonialism_and_Imperialism?f_ri=390"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_73956687" data-work_id="73956687" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/73956687/ASCESA_E_DECLINO_DELLIMPERO_STATUNITENSE">ASCESA E DECLINO DELL'IMPERO STATUNITENSE</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">È uscito il volume A. Pascale, Ascesa e declino dell'impero statunitense, tomo 1 – Genesi di un regime elitario (dalle origini al 1945), La Città del Sole-L'AntiDiplomatico, Napoli 2022. Il testo consta di 620 pagine ed è acquistabile al... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_73956687" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">È uscito il volume A. 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seriously? Cultural savants have noted the rise of the zombie in American popular culture in the twenty-first century. And many scholars have found the zombie useful as a lumbering, empty-headed metaphor... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_39675261" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">What would it mean to take zombies seriously? Cultural savants have noted the rise of the zombie in American popular culture in the twenty-first century. And many scholars have found the zombie useful as a lumbering, empty-headed metaphor that could signify just about anything. The zombie might look like a loved ovne, but their flesh is rotting and their individualism has tragically withered away. Before I came to zombology, I was already fascinated by an American obsession with preventing the decay of the corpse through an exceptional devotion to embalming. I argue that the intersection of the new zombie-ism, the rapid decline of embalming, and the mass trauma of 9/11 is significant. Playing with zombies along a spectrum from fright to humor allows Americans to work through not a crisis of meaning, but a crisis of being. The cult of individualism no longer needs a perfect biological body.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/39675261" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="58db0e061c37161f1277829a7881fc9f" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":59842266,"asset_id":39675261,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/59842266/download_file?st=MTczMjc4MTM3NSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="1250041" href="https://chicago.academia.edu/ShannonLeeDawdy">Shannon Lee Dawdy</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="1250041" type="text/json">{"id":1250041,"first_name":"Shannon Lee","last_name":"Dawdy","domain_name":"chicago","page_name":"ShannonLeeDawdy","display_name":"Shannon Lee Dawdy","profile_url":"https://chicago.academia.edu/ShannonLeeDawdy?f_ri=390","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/1250041/456800/942953/s65_shannon_lee.dawdy.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_39675261 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="39675261"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 39675261, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_39675261", }); 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Cultural savants have noted the rise of the zombie in American popular culture in the twenty-first century. And many scholars have found the zombie useful as a lumbering, empty-headed metaphor that could signify just about anything. The zombie might look like a loved ovne, but their flesh is rotting and their individualism has tragically withered away. Before I came to zombology, I was already fascinated by an American obsession with preventing the decay of the corpse through an exceptional devotion to embalming. I argue that the intersection of the new zombie-ism, the rapid decline of embalming, and the mass trauma of 9/11 is significant. Playing with zombies along a spectrum from fright to humor allows Americans to work through not a crisis of meaning, but a crisis of being. The cult of individualism no longer needs a perfect biological body.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":59842266,"asset_id":39675261,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":1250041,"first_name":"Shannon Lee","last_name":"Dawdy","domain_name":"chicago","page_name":"ShannonLeeDawdy","display_name":"Shannon Lee Dawdy","profile_url":"https://chicago.academia.edu/ShannonLeeDawdy?f_ri=390","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/1250041/456800/942953/s65_shannon_lee.dawdy.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":390,"name":"American Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/American_Studies?f_ri=390","nofollow":false},{"id":2123,"name":"Death Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Death_Studies?f_ri=390","nofollow":false},{"id":5044,"name":"Embodiment","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Embodiment?f_ri=390","nofollow":false},{"id":17562,"name":"Death and Burial (Archaeology)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Death_and_Burial_Archaeology_?f_ri=390","nofollow":false},{"id":60379,"name":"Zombies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Zombies?f_ri=390"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_24369969" data-work_id="24369969" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/24369969/_Black_Light_White_Revolution_Translation_Adaptation_and_Appropriation_in_Galway_Kinnell_s_Cold_War_Writings_on_Iran_">"Black Light, White Revolution: Translation, Adaptation, and Appropriation in Galway Kinnell’s Cold War Writings on Iran"</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div 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Management","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Business_Management?f_ri=390"},{"id":67360,"name":"Crime","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Crime?f_ri=390"},{"id":68776,"name":"Safety and Health in Workplace","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Safety_and_Health_in_Workplace?f_ri=390"},{"id":95022,"name":"Personnel Selection","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Personnel_Selection?f_ri=390"},{"id":96228,"name":"Alternative Dispute Resolution (ADR)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Alternative_Dispute_Resolution_ADR_?f_ri=390"},{"id":99082,"name":"Mobbing, Bullying, Workplace Harassment","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mobbing_Bullying_Workplace_Harassment?f_ri=390"},{"id":102910,"name":"Relationship of sexual harassment., workplace bullying and mobbing, and the severity of RESI and PTSD","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Relationship_of_sexual_harassment._workplace_bullying_and_mobbing_and_the_severity_of_RESI_and_PTS?f_ri=390"},{"id":359426,"name":"Developmental Work Research","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Developmental_Work_Research?f_ri=390"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_44630010" data-work_id="44630010" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/44630010/Reboot_Requel_Legacyquel_Jurassic_World_and_the_Nostalgia_Franchise">Reboot, Requel, Legacyquel: Jurassic World and the Nostalgia Franchise</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/44630010" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="2894d7ac1222de77709f37a001e31124" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":65197947,"asset_id":44630010,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/65197947/download_file?st=MTczMjc4MTM3Niw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="1678068" href="https://uni-hannover.academia.edu/KathleenLoock">Kathleen Loock</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="1678068" type="text/json">{"id":1678068,"first_name":"Kathleen","last_name":"Loock","domain_name":"uni-hannover","page_name":"KathleenLoock","display_name":"Kathleen Loock","profile_url":"https://uni-hannover.academia.edu/KathleenLoock?f_ri=390","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/1678068/580881/3911758/s65_kathleen.loock.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_44630010 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="44630010"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 44630010, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_44630010", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_44630010 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 44630010; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_44630010"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_44630010 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="44630010"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 44630010; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=44630010]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_44630010").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_44630010").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="44630010"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">7</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="390" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/American_Studies">American Studies</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="390" type="text/json">{"id":390,"name":"American Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/American_Studies?f_ri=390","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1555" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Film_Studies">Film Studies</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="1555" type="text/json">{"id":1555,"name":"Film Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Film_Studies?f_ri=390","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="17218" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Film_Remakes">Film Remakes</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="17218" type="text/json">{"id":17218,"name":"Film Remakes","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Film_Remakes?f_ri=390","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="42042" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Nostalgia">Nostalgia</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="42042" type="text/json">{"id":42042,"name":"Nostalgia","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Nostalgia?f_ri=390","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=44630010]'), work: {"id":44630010,"title":"Reboot, Requel, Legacyquel: Jurassic World and the Nostalgia Franchise","created_at":"2020-12-03T13:15:06.322-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/44630010/Reboot_Requel_Legacyquel_Jurassic_World_and_the_Nostalgia_Franchise?f_ri=390","dom_id":"work_44630010","summary":null,"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":65197947,"asset_id":44630010,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":1678068,"first_name":"Kathleen","last_name":"Loock","domain_name":"uni-hannover","page_name":"KathleenLoock","display_name":"Kathleen Loock","profile_url":"https://uni-hannover.academia.edu/KathleenLoock?f_ri=390","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/1678068/580881/3911758/s65_kathleen.loock.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":390,"name":"American Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/American_Studies?f_ri=390","nofollow":false},{"id":1555,"name":"Film Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Film_Studies?f_ri=390","nofollow":false},{"id":17218,"name":"Film Remakes","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Film_Remakes?f_ri=390","nofollow":false},{"id":42042,"name":"Nostalgia","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Nostalgia?f_ri=390","nofollow":false},{"id":47199,"name":"Hollywood","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Hollywood?f_ri=390"},{"id":182681,"name":"Nostalgia and Memory","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Nostalgia_and_Memory?f_ri=390"},{"id":3822223,"name":"Film Reboots","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Film_Reboots?f_ri=390"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_2317202" data-work_id="2317202" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/2317202/Music_in_Mexico_Experiencing_Music_Expressing_Culture">Music in Mexico. Experiencing Music, Expressing Culture</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">The complex legacy of Mexico's ethnic past and geographic location have shaped the country and its culture. In Music in Mexico, Alejandro L. Madrid uses extensive fieldwork, interviews with performers, eyewitness accounts of performances,... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_2317202" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">The complex legacy of Mexico's ethnic past and geographic location have shaped the country and its culture. In Music in Mexico, Alejandro L. Madrid uses extensive fieldwork, interviews with performers, eyewitness accounts of performances, and vivid illustrations to guide students through modern-day music practices. Applying three themes-ethnic identity, migration, and media influences-the text explores the music that Mexicans grow up listening to and shows how these traditions are the result of long-standing transnational dialogues. Packaged with a 40-minute audio CD containing musical examples, the text features numerous listening activities that engage students with the music.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/2317202" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="c52d5c0fb94ca2eeedc4672628789b57" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":39165324,"asset_id":2317202,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/39165324/download_file?st=MTczMjc4MTM3Niw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="1618313" href="https://harvard.academia.edu/AlejandroLMadrid">Alejandro L. Madrid</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="1618313" type="text/json">{"id":1618313,"first_name":"Alejandro L.","last_name":"Madrid","domain_name":"harvard","page_name":"AlejandroLMadrid","display_name":"Alejandro L. Madrid","profile_url":"https://harvard.academia.edu/AlejandroLMadrid?f_ri=390","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/1618313/564421/703133/s65_alejandro.madrid.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_2317202 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="2317202"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 2317202, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_2317202", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_2317202 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 2317202; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_2317202"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_2317202 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="2317202"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 2317202; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=2317202]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_2317202").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_2317202").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="2317202"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">5</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="388" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Latin_American_Studies">Latin American Studies</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="388" type="text/json">{"id":388,"name":"Latin American Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Latin_American_Studies?f_ri=390","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="390" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/American_Studies">American Studies</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="390" type="text/json">{"id":390,"name":"American Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/American_Studies?f_ri=390","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1056" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Popular_Music_Studies">Popular Music Studies</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="1056" type="text/json">{"id":1056,"name":"Popular Music Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Popular_Music_Studies?f_ri=390","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1631" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Popular_Music">Popular Music</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="1631" type="text/json">{"id":1631,"name":"Popular Music","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Popular_Music?f_ri=390","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=2317202]'), work: {"id":2317202,"title":"Music in Mexico. Experiencing Music, Expressing Culture","created_at":"2012-12-21T00:19:20.285-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/2317202/Music_in_Mexico_Experiencing_Music_Expressing_Culture?f_ri=390","dom_id":"work_2317202","summary":"The complex legacy of Mexico's ethnic past and geographic location have shaped the country and its culture. In Music in Mexico, Alejandro L. Madrid uses extensive fieldwork, interviews with performers, eyewitness accounts of performances, and vivid illustrations to guide students through modern-day music practices. Applying three themes-ethnic identity, migration, and media influences-the text explores the music that Mexicans grow up listening to and shows how these traditions are the result of long-standing transnational dialogues. Packaged with a 40-minute audio CD containing musical examples, the text features numerous listening activities that engage students with the music.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":39165324,"asset_id":2317202,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":1618313,"first_name":"Alejandro L.","last_name":"Madrid","domain_name":"harvard","page_name":"AlejandroLMadrid","display_name":"Alejandro L. Madrid","profile_url":"https://harvard.academia.edu/AlejandroLMadrid?f_ri=390","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/1618313/564421/703133/s65_alejandro.madrid.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":388,"name":"Latin American Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Latin_American_Studies?f_ri=390","nofollow":false},{"id":390,"name":"American Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/American_Studies?f_ri=390","nofollow":false},{"id":1056,"name":"Popular Music Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Popular_Music_Studies?f_ri=390","nofollow":false},{"id":1631,"name":"Popular Music","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Popular_Music?f_ri=390","nofollow":false},{"id":2395,"name":"Mexican Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mexican_Studies?f_ri=390"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_35775842" data-work_id="35775842" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/35775842/Historiography_of_President_Eisenhowers_Threat_to_Use_Nuclear_Weapons_to_End_the_Korean_War">Historiography of President Eisenhower's Threat to Use Nuclear Weapons to End the Korean War</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Dwight David Eisenhower won the 1952 presidential election with a mandate to end the bloody stalemate on the Korean peninsula. The country was frustrated with over two years of conflict with no end in sight. America was bogged down in its... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_35775842" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Dwight David Eisenhower won the 1952 presidential election with a mandate to end the bloody stalemate on the Korean peninsula. The country was frustrated with over two years of conflict with no end in sight. America was bogged down in its first “limited war” and turned to the former supreme commander and national hero who led American and British forces to victory against Nazi Germany less than a decade before. Eisenhower visited the Korean front in December of 1952 as promised during his election campaign and also kept his commitment to end the fighting in Korea seven months into his presidency. Both President Eisenhower and Secretary of State John Foster Dulles credited their use of nuclear weapons coercion to end the communist delay tactics at the negotiations at Panmunjom to bring about the July 1953 truce. This also validated their New Look approach to national defense threatening “massive retaliation” when U.S. national vital interests were at stake.<br /><br />Scholars have been divided in the six decades since the truce in Korea ended the war, or “police action” using the Truman administration’s euphemism. The debate and historiography centers on cynicism regarding the effectiveness of “massive retaliation” as a defense policy in general, and specifically whether President Eisenhower’s hint of considering the utilization of nuclear weapons to break the deadlock in Korea produced the truce. Some scholars assert no such nuclear threat occurred; and as David Mayers contends it was the combination of Stalin’s death in March of 1953 with the new Soviet leadership wishing to reduce tensions with the U.S. to concentrate on political consolidation and economic development.  It is also asserted China and North Korea were weary of the war and also wanted to focus on domestic economic development as their primary motivation to end the fighting in Korea.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/35775842" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="f39ea02b0d26b55340c289c5fe066ba7" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":55652299,"asset_id":35775842,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/55652299/download_file?st=MTczMjc4MTM3Niw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="33154729" href="https://ut-ee.academia.edu/JoeEnge">Joseph Enge</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="33154729" type="text/json">{"id":33154729,"first_name":"Joseph","last_name":"Enge","domain_name":"ut-ee","page_name":"JoeEnge","display_name":"Joseph Enge","profile_url":"https://ut-ee.academia.edu/JoeEnge?f_ri=390","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/33154729/10456120/31532187/s65_joseph.enge.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_35775842 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="35775842"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 35775842, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_35775842", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_35775842 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 35775842; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_35775842"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_35775842 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="35775842"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 35775842; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=35775842]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_35775842").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_35775842").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="35775842"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">3</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="133" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Military_History">Military History</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="133" type="text/json">{"id":133,"name":"Military History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Military_History?f_ri=390","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="390" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/American_Studies">American Studies</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="390" type="text/json">{"id":390,"name":"American Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/American_Studies?f_ri=390","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="38052" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Korean_War">Korean War</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="38052" type="text/json">{"id":38052,"name":"Korean War","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Korean_War?f_ri=390","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=35775842]'), work: {"id":35775842,"title":"Historiography of President Eisenhower's Threat to Use Nuclear Weapons to End the Korean War","created_at":"2018-01-28T04:49:48.123-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/35775842/Historiography_of_President_Eisenhowers_Threat_to_Use_Nuclear_Weapons_to_End_the_Korean_War?f_ri=390","dom_id":"work_35775842","summary":"Dwight David Eisenhower won the 1952 presidential election with a mandate to end the bloody stalemate on the Korean peninsula. The country was frustrated with over two years of conflict with no end in sight. America was bogged down in its first “limited war” and turned to the former supreme commander and national hero who led American and British forces to victory against Nazi Germany less than a decade before. Eisenhower visited the Korean front in December of 1952 as promised during his election campaign and also kept his commitment to end the fighting in Korea seven months into his presidency. Both President Eisenhower and Secretary of State John Foster Dulles credited their use of nuclear weapons coercion to end the communist delay tactics at the negotiations at Panmunjom to bring about the July 1953 truce. This also validated their New Look approach to national defense threatening “massive retaliation” when U.S. national vital interests were at stake.\n\nScholars have been divided in the six decades since the truce in Korea ended the war, or “police action” using the Truman administration’s euphemism. The debate and historiography centers on cynicism regarding the effectiveness of “massive retaliation” as a defense policy in general, and specifically whether President Eisenhower’s hint of considering the utilization of nuclear weapons to break the deadlock in Korea produced the truce. Some scholars assert no such nuclear threat occurred; and as David Mayers contends it was the combination of Stalin’s death in March of 1953 with the new Soviet leadership wishing to reduce tensions with the U.S. to concentrate on political consolidation and economic development. It is also asserted China and North Korea were weary of the war and also wanted to focus on domestic economic development as their primary motivation to end the fighting in Korea.\n","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":55652299,"asset_id":35775842,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":33154729,"first_name":"Joseph","last_name":"Enge","domain_name":"ut-ee","page_name":"JoeEnge","display_name":"Joseph Enge","profile_url":"https://ut-ee.academia.edu/JoeEnge?f_ri=390","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/33154729/10456120/31532187/s65_joseph.enge.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":133,"name":"Military History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Military_History?f_ri=390","nofollow":false},{"id":390,"name":"American Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/American_Studies?f_ri=390","nofollow":false},{"id":38052,"name":"Korean War","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Korean_War?f_ri=390","nofollow":false}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_17605632" data-work_id="17605632" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/17605632/The_Role_Television_has_Played_in_the_Changing_Representations_of_Black_Women">The Role Television has Played in the Changing Representations of Black Women</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">As Olivia Pope hangs up on the President’s Chief of Staff, and starts strutting away, audiences have seen a character unlike any Black female character. For Olivia embodies a new kind of Black woman, one who commands respect wherever she... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_17605632" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">As Olivia Pope hangs up on the President’s Chief of Staff, and starts strutting away, audiences have seen a character unlike any Black female character. For Olivia embodies a new kind of Black woman, one who commands respect wherever she goes, and one not held back by labels like Mammy, Matriarch or Black Lady. She is a woman on a mission to fix the lives of Washington’s elite, as well as the negative images of Black women (BW) that have graced the screens since slavery. She defies stereotypes and shows audiences how unique, flawed and normal BW really are. This chapter will examine the ways in which the negative stereotypes of BW discussed in the previous chapter, as well as dominant Eurocentric beauty standards, have started to be dispelled by popular television shows: Scandal and How to Get Away with Murder (HTGAWM). However, while these shows have started to dispel negative stereotypes, they only do so to an extent. Maxine Craig’s Ain’t I a Beauty Queen? about the experiences of BW will be used parallel to television roles to help demonstrate the changes in portrayal and representation. This chapter will also use Laura Mulvey’s Gaze Theory as a framework to look at the ways in which the female protagonists are viewed by the audience.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/17605632" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="fe67b823233b7d5ad40e49317efbad3a" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":39608738,"asset_id":17605632,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/39608738/download_file?st=MTczMjc4MTM3Niw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="23405553" href="https://kcl.academia.edu/AliceOkoye">Alice Okoye</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="23405553" type="text/json">{"id":23405553,"first_name":"Alice","last_name":"Okoye","domain_name":"kcl","page_name":"AliceOkoye","display_name":"Alice Okoye","profile_url":"https://kcl.academia.edu/AliceOkoye?f_ri=390","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/23405553/7174622/8079399/s65_alice.okoye.jpg_oh_95a3a75b11c1b1ace11e43e60e962240_oe_555d0af5___gda___1432375031_13ac4d23f0db9951c2792c2449d3cd97"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_17605632 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="17605632"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 17605632, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_17605632", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_17605632 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 17605632; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_17605632"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_17605632 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="17605632"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 17605632; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=17605632]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_17605632").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_17605632").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="17605632"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">8</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="296" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Black_Studies_Or_African_American_Studies">Black Studies Or African American Studies</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="296" type="text/json">{"id":296,"name":"Black Studies Or African American Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Black_Studies_Or_African_American_Studies?f_ri=390","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="390" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/American_Studies">American Studies</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="390" type="text/json">{"id":390,"name":"American Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/American_Studies?f_ri=390","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1571" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Television_Studies">Television Studies</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="1571" type="text/json">{"id":1571,"name":"Television Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Television_Studies?f_ri=390","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="24074" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Black_Womens_Studies">Black Women's Studies</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="24074" type="text/json">{"id":24074,"name":"Black Women's Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Black_Womens_Studies?f_ri=390","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=17605632]'), work: {"id":17605632,"title":"The Role Television has Played in the Changing Representations of Black Women","created_at":"2015-11-02T04:21:05.335-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/17605632/The_Role_Television_has_Played_in_the_Changing_Representations_of_Black_Women?f_ri=390","dom_id":"work_17605632","summary":"As Olivia Pope hangs up on the President’s Chief of Staff, and starts strutting away, audiences have seen a character unlike any Black female character. For Olivia embodies a new kind of Black woman, one who commands respect wherever she goes, and one not held back by labels like Mammy, Matriarch or Black Lady. She is a woman on a mission to fix the lives of Washington’s elite, as well as the negative images of Black women (BW) that have graced the screens since slavery. She defies stereotypes and shows audiences how unique, flawed and normal BW really are. This chapter will examine the ways in which the negative stereotypes of BW discussed in the previous chapter, as well as dominant Eurocentric beauty standards, have started to be dispelled by popular television shows: Scandal and How to Get Away with Murder (HTGAWM). However, while these shows have started to dispel negative stereotypes, they only do so to an extent. Maxine Craig’s Ain’t I a Beauty Queen? about the experiences of BW will be used parallel to television roles to help demonstrate the changes in portrayal and representation. This chapter will also use Laura Mulvey’s Gaze Theory as a framework to look at the ways in which the female protagonists are viewed by the audience.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":39608738,"asset_id":17605632,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":23405553,"first_name":"Alice","last_name":"Okoye","domain_name":"kcl","page_name":"AliceOkoye","display_name":"Alice Okoye","profile_url":"https://kcl.academia.edu/AliceOkoye?f_ri=390","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/23405553/7174622/8079399/s65_alice.okoye.jpg_oh_95a3a75b11c1b1ace11e43e60e962240_oe_555d0af5___gda___1432375031_13ac4d23f0db9951c2792c2449d3cd97"}],"research_interests":[{"id":296,"name":"Black Studies Or African American Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Black_Studies_Or_African_American_Studies?f_ri=390","nofollow":false},{"id":390,"name":"American Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/American_Studies?f_ri=390","nofollow":false},{"id":1571,"name":"Television Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Television_Studies?f_ri=390","nofollow":false},{"id":24074,"name":"Black Women's Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Black_Womens_Studies?f_ri=390","nofollow":false},{"id":174208,"name":"Black Women Filmmakers","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Black_Women_Filmmakers?f_ri=390"},{"id":219734,"name":"Black Women","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Black_Women?f_ri=390"},{"id":251473,"name":"Laura Mulvey","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Laura_Mulvey?f_ri=390"},{"id":766232,"name":"Rearticulation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Rearticulation?f_ri=390"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_38516277" data-work_id="38516277" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/38516277/Fiction_e_non_fiction_nella_letteratura_di_cose_viste_di_Sandro_Veronesi">Fiction e non-fiction nella "letteratura di cose viste" di Sandro Veronesi</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest">A reflection about "Occhio per occhio" and "Superalbo" by Sandro Veronesi. A trailblazer books of 2.0 new journalism born in Italy, focused on the litarary debate arose in Italy between non-fiction and ficion litterature in 1990.</div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/38516277" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="12b2879b6a467312f464ab9cb4bc6539" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":58584488,"asset_id":38516277,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/58584488/download_file?st=MTczMjc4MTM3Niw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="26811153" href="https://independent.academia.edu/GiuseppeNordKapp">Giuseppe NordKapp</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="26811153" type="text/json">{"id":26811153,"first_name":"Giuseppe","last_name":"NordKapp","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"GiuseppeNordKapp","display_name":"Giuseppe NordKapp","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/GiuseppeNordKapp?f_ri=390","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/26811153/7486657/8410864/s65_giuseppe.nordkapp.jpg_oh_73f6b1ffa9bc5128b3dfbec8162216e0_oe_55864692___gda___1431261447_632df38b84e3f518e8f1d6525e00977e"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_38516277 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="38516277"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 38516277, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_38516277", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=38516277]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_38516277").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_38516277").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="38516277"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">9</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="10" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/American_Literature">American Literature</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="10" type="text/json">{"id":10,"name":"American Literature","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/American_Literature?f_ri=390","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="390" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/American_Studies">American Studies</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="390" type="text/json">{"id":390,"name":"American Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/American_Studies?f_ri=390","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="54340" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Journalism_Studies">Journalism Studies</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="54340" type="text/json">{"id":54340,"name":"Journalism Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Journalism_Studies?f_ri=390","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="69388" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Letteratura_italiana_moderna_e_contemporanea">Letteratura italiana moderna e contemporanea</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="69388" type="text/json">{"id":69388,"name":"Letteratura italiana moderna e contemporanea","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Letteratura_italiana_moderna_e_contemporanea?f_ri=390","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=38516277]'), work: {"id":38516277,"title":"Fiction e non-fiction nella \"letteratura di cose viste\" di Sandro Veronesi","created_at":"2019-03-08T15:37:30.976-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/38516277/Fiction_e_non_fiction_nella_letteratura_di_cose_viste_di_Sandro_Veronesi?f_ri=390","dom_id":"work_38516277","summary":"A reflection about \"Occhio per occhio\" and \"Superalbo\" by Sandro Veronesi. A trailblazer books of 2.0 new journalism born in Italy, focused on the litarary debate arose in Italy between non-fiction and ficion litterature in 1990.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":58584488,"asset_id":38516277,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":26811153,"first_name":"Giuseppe","last_name":"NordKapp","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"GiuseppeNordKapp","display_name":"Giuseppe NordKapp","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/GiuseppeNordKapp?f_ri=390","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/26811153/7486657/8410864/s65_giuseppe.nordkapp.jpg_oh_73f6b1ffa9bc5128b3dfbec8162216e0_oe_55864692___gda___1431261447_632df38b84e3f518e8f1d6525e00977e"}],"research_interests":[{"id":10,"name":"American Literature","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/American_Literature?f_ri=390","nofollow":false},{"id":390,"name":"American Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/American_Studies?f_ri=390","nofollow":false},{"id":54340,"name":"Journalism Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Journalism_Studies?f_ri=390","nofollow":false},{"id":69388,"name":"Letteratura italiana moderna e contemporanea","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Letteratura_italiana_moderna_e_contemporanea?f_ri=390","nofollow":false},{"id":97365,"name":"New Journalism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/New_Journalism?f_ri=390"},{"id":158294,"name":"Littérature Comparée","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Litt%C3%A9rature_Compar%C3%A9e?f_ri=390"},{"id":1149326,"name":"Sandro Veronesi","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sandro_Veronesi?f_ri=390"},{"id":1485931,"name":"Letteratura E Giornalismo","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Letteratura_E_Giornalismo?f_ri=390"},{"id":1816379,"name":"Giornalismo E Letteratura","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Giornalismo_E_Letteratura?f_ri=390"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_43990563" data-work_id="43990563" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/43990563/Translating_Race_Simin_Daneshvar_s_Negotiation_of_Blackness">Translating Race: Simin Daneshvar’s Negotiation of Blackness</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/43990563" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="7e25fd9bbf24280268b981d01b5c8baa" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":64486473,"asset_id":43990563,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/64486473/download_file?st=MTczMjc4MTM3Niw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="6233050" href="https://ucdavis.academia.edu/AmyMotlagh">Amy Motlagh</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="6233050" type="text/json">{"id":6233050,"first_name":"Amy","last_name":"Motlagh","domain_name":"ucdavis","page_name":"AmyMotlagh","display_name":"Amy Motlagh","profile_url":"https://ucdavis.academia.edu/AmyMotlagh?f_ri=390","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/6233050/2571527/4726487/s65_amy.motlagh.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_43990563 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="43990563"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 43990563, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_43990563", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=43990563]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_43990563").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_43990563").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="43990563"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">5</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="390" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/American_Studies">American Studies</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="390" type="text/json">{"id":390,"name":"American Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/American_Studies?f_ri=390","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="659" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Comparative_Literature">Comparative Literature</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="659" type="text/json">{"id":659,"name":"Comparative Literature","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Comparative_Literature?f_ri=390","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="3277" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Race_and_Racism">Race and Racism</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="3277" type="text/json">{"id":3277,"name":"Race and Racism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Race_and_Racism?f_ri=390","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="5218" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Iranian_Studies">Iranian Studies</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="5218" type="text/json">{"id":5218,"name":"Iranian Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Iranian_Studies?f_ri=390","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=43990563]'), work: {"id":43990563,"title":"Translating Race: Simin Daneshvar’s Negotiation of Blackness","created_at":"2020-08-31T17:21:41.788-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/43990563/Translating_Race_Simin_Daneshvar_s_Negotiation_of_Blackness?f_ri=390","dom_id":"work_43990563","summary":null,"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":64486473,"asset_id":43990563,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":6233050,"first_name":"Amy","last_name":"Motlagh","domain_name":"ucdavis","page_name":"AmyMotlagh","display_name":"Amy Motlagh","profile_url":"https://ucdavis.academia.edu/AmyMotlagh?f_ri=390","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/6233050/2571527/4726487/s65_amy.motlagh.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":390,"name":"American Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/American_Studies?f_ri=390","nofollow":false},{"id":659,"name":"Comparative Literature","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Comparative_Literature?f_ri=390","nofollow":false},{"id":3277,"name":"Race and Racism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Race_and_Racism?f_ri=390","nofollow":false},{"id":5218,"name":"Iranian Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Iranian_Studies?f_ri=390","nofollow":false},{"id":10006,"name":"Ethnic and Racial Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ethnic_and_Racial_Studies?f_ri=390"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_33630895" data-work_id="33630895" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/33630895/Teaching_Giovannis_Room_in_the_Shadow_of_the_Israeli_Palestinian_Conflict_Denaturalizing_Privilege">Teaching Giovanni's Room in the Shadow of the Israeli-Palestinian Conflict Denaturalizing Privilege</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Teaching in the shadow of the colonial relations in Israel/Palestine, there is, I believe, no more pressing pedagogical issue than exposing the ways in which hierarchies of “being” are produced through essentialist ethno-nationalist forms... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_33630895" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Teaching in the shadow of the colonial relations in Israel/Palestine, there is, I believe, no more pressing pedagogical issue than exposing the ways in which hierarchies of “being” are produced through essentialist ethno-nationalist forms of identification, where privilege is very unevenly distributed. I focus my discussion on Giovanni’s Room, since, after teaching this text for several years, I have only recently come to realize that James Baldwin’s second novel can provide us with some crucial insights into how privilege operates. Originally I placed this Baldwin novel in my course—”20th-century African-American Novel”—in order to provoke discussions about canonicity, normative assumptions about US “ethnic” literature, the relationship between the author’s racial identity and the text as well as to stimulate students to think more critically about race and heteronormativity. After all, Giovanni’s Room, written during the hyper-heteronormative period of the 1950s, is about a tragic love affair between two white men, but it is also a novel written by a<br />queer African American. Over the years, however, I have become more and more convinced that it is important to move away from a focus on any particular category of identity, such as homosexuality, masculinity, and/or race, and to highlight, instead, the broader notion of stratified privilege as it manifests itself in the novel.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/33630895" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="53798185a51eda2c8e1317ac85027c44" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":53645485,"asset_id":33630895,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/53645485/download_file?st=MTczMjc4MTM3Niw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="16547726" href="https://goldsmiths.academia.edu/CatherineRottenberg">Catherine Rottenberg</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="16547726" type="text/json">{"id":16547726,"first_name":"Catherine","last_name":"Rottenberg","domain_name":"goldsmiths","page_name":"CatherineRottenberg","display_name":"Catherine Rottenberg","profile_url":"https://goldsmiths.academia.edu/CatherineRottenberg?f_ri=390","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/16547726/4509836/5222279/s65_catherine.rottenberg.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_33630895 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="33630895"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 33630895, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_33630895", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=33630895]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_33630895").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_33630895").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="33630895"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">7</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="10" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/American_Literature">American Literature</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="10" type="text/json">{"id":10,"name":"American Literature","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/American_Literature?f_ri=390","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="390" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/American_Studies">American Studies</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="390" type="text/json">{"id":390,"name":"American Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/American_Studies?f_ri=390","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="6184" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Israel_Palestine">Israel/Palestine</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="6184" type="text/json">{"id":6184,"name":"Israel/Palestine","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Israel_Palestine?f_ri=390","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="13340" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Pierre_Bourdieu">Pierre Bourdieu</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="13340" type="text/json">{"id":13340,"name":"Pierre Bourdieu","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Pierre_Bourdieu?f_ri=390","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=33630895]'), work: {"id":33630895,"title":"Teaching Giovanni's Room in the Shadow of the Israeli-Palestinian Conflict Denaturalizing Privilege","created_at":"2017-06-24T02:02:02.196-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/33630895/Teaching_Giovannis_Room_in_the_Shadow_of_the_Israeli_Palestinian_Conflict_Denaturalizing_Privilege?f_ri=390","dom_id":"work_33630895","summary":"Teaching in the shadow of the colonial relations in Israel/Palestine, there is, I believe, no more pressing pedagogical issue than exposing the ways in which hierarchies of “being” are produced through essentialist ethno-nationalist forms of identification, where privilege is very unevenly distributed. I focus my discussion on Giovanni’s Room, since, after teaching this text for several years, I have only recently come to realize that James Baldwin’s second novel can provide us with some crucial insights into how privilege operates. Originally I placed this Baldwin novel in my course—”20th-century African-American Novel”—in order to provoke discussions about canonicity, normative assumptions about US “ethnic” literature, the relationship between the author’s racial identity and the text as well as to stimulate students to think more critically about race and heteronormativity. After all, Giovanni’s Room, written during the hyper-heteronormative period of the 1950s, is about a tragic love affair between two white men, but it is also a novel written by a\nqueer African American. Over the years, however, I have become more and more convinced that it is important to move away from a focus on any particular category of identity, such as homosexuality, masculinity, and/or race, and to highlight, instead, the broader notion of stratified privilege as it manifests itself in the novel.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":53645485,"asset_id":33630895,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":16547726,"first_name":"Catherine","last_name":"Rottenberg","domain_name":"goldsmiths","page_name":"CatherineRottenberg","display_name":"Catherine Rottenberg","profile_url":"https://goldsmiths.academia.edu/CatherineRottenberg?f_ri=390","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/16547726/4509836/5222279/s65_catherine.rottenberg.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":10,"name":"American Literature","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/American_Literature?f_ri=390","nofollow":false},{"id":390,"name":"American Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/American_Studies?f_ri=390","nofollow":false},{"id":6184,"name":"Israel/Palestine","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Israel_Palestine?f_ri=390","nofollow":false},{"id":13340,"name":"Pierre Bourdieu","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Pierre_Bourdieu?f_ri=390","nofollow":false},{"id":36393,"name":"Settler Colonial Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Settler_Colonial_Studies?f_ri=390"},{"id":42323,"name":"James Baldwin","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/James_Baldwin?f_ri=390"},{"id":730164,"name":"Teaching of English Language and Literature","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Teaching_of_English_Language_and_Literature?f_ri=390"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_11644044" data-work_id="11644044" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/11644044/Designing_the_Great_City_Walt_Whitmans_Vision_as_an_Urban_Planner">Designing the “Great City”: Walt Whitman's Vision as an Urban Planner</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Identifying himself with the “builder at work in cities,” Whitman aspires to transform his city into an ideal city. Particularly, his experiences as a journalist inspire him to ameliorate the widespread urban problems in New York. As... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_11644044" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Identifying himself with the “builder at work in cities,” Whitman aspires to transform his city into an ideal city. Particularly, his experiences as a journalist inspire him to ameliorate the widespread urban problems in New York. As early as the 1840s, Whitman consistently captures the various urban ills and offers reasonable solutions from an urban reformer’s perspective. He also reveals his aspiration to be an urban planner whose primary goal is the use of land and design of the urban environment. His desire to erase the boundaries between nature and civilization distinguishes the poet from his contemporary writers and landscape architects. With the perspective of a “builder” or a “architect,” Whitman strongly advocates more “open places” in the city like a park. Overcoming Frederick Law Olmsted’s dichotomy of the park versus the city, Whitman has an insight into the efficient usage and layout of the “open places” to facilitate the amelioration of the city. Most of all, Whitman’s “great city” represents the cleanly, organic, democratic, ecological and healthy city where technology, human beings and nature have a harmonious relationship. Ultimately, his “great city” like Mannahatta corresponds with the sustainable city in the modern sense.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/11644044" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="95090ee41dc9574b6b4cdcff8a863c79" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":37105679,"asset_id":11644044,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/37105679/download_file?st=MTczMjc4MTM3Niw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="26731712" href="https://silla.academia.edu/JinHoShim">Jin-Ho Shim</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="26731712" type="text/json">{"id":26731712,"first_name":"Jin-Ho","last_name":"Shim","domain_name":"silla","page_name":"JinHoShim","display_name":"Jin-Ho Shim","profile_url":"https://silla.academia.edu/JinHoShim?f_ri=390","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/26731712/7455588/8377827/s65_jin-ho.shim.jpg_oh_0582c4daf4c5d0fb86829674d7fd61ea_oe_55533206___gda___1435482336_38b86ffde8d7c3d54d5e62b4e2616ddf"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_11644044 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="11644044"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 11644044, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_11644044", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_11644044 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 11644044; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_11644044"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_11644044 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="11644044"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 11644044; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=11644044]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_11644044").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_11644044").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="11644044"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">3</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="390" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/American_Studies">American Studies</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="390" type="text/json">{"id":390,"name":"American Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/American_Studies?f_ri=390","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="14067" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Literature_and_Visual_Arts">Literature and Visual Arts</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="14067" type="text/json">{"id":14067,"name":"Literature and Visual Arts","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Literature_and_Visual_Arts?f_ri=390","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="27665" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Photography_Visual_Studies_">Photography (Visual Studies)</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="27665" type="text/json">{"id":27665,"name":"Photography (Visual Studies)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Photography_Visual_Studies_?f_ri=390","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=11644044]'), work: {"id":11644044,"title":"Designing the “Great City”: Walt Whitman's Vision as an Urban Planner","created_at":"2015-03-24T17:37:15.935-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/11644044/Designing_the_Great_City_Walt_Whitmans_Vision_as_an_Urban_Planner?f_ri=390","dom_id":"work_11644044","summary":"Identifying himself with the “builder at work in cities,” Whitman aspires to transform his city into an ideal city. Particularly, his experiences as a journalist inspire him to ameliorate the widespread urban problems in New York. As early as the 1840s, Whitman consistently captures the various urban ills and offers reasonable solutions from an urban reformer’s perspective. He also reveals his aspiration to be an urban planner whose primary goal is the use of land and design of the urban environment. His desire to erase the boundaries between nature and civilization distinguishes the poet from his contemporary writers and landscape architects. With the perspective of a “builder” or a “architect,” Whitman strongly advocates more “open places” in the city like a park. Overcoming Frederick Law Olmsted’s dichotomy of the park versus the city, Whitman has an insight into the efficient usage and layout of the “open places” to facilitate the amelioration of the city. Most of all, Whitman’s “great city” represents the cleanly, organic, democratic, ecological and healthy city where technology, human beings and nature have a harmonious relationship. Ultimately, his “great city” like Mannahatta corresponds with the sustainable city in the modern sense. ","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":37105679,"asset_id":11644044,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":26731712,"first_name":"Jin-Ho","last_name":"Shim","domain_name":"silla","page_name":"JinHoShim","display_name":"Jin-Ho Shim","profile_url":"https://silla.academia.edu/JinHoShim?f_ri=390","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/26731712/7455588/8377827/s65_jin-ho.shim.jpg_oh_0582c4daf4c5d0fb86829674d7fd61ea_oe_55533206___gda___1435482336_38b86ffde8d7c3d54d5e62b4e2616ddf"}],"research_interests":[{"id":390,"name":"American Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/American_Studies?f_ri=390","nofollow":false},{"id":14067,"name":"Literature and Visual Arts","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Literature_and_Visual_Arts?f_ri=390","nofollow":false},{"id":27665,"name":"Photography (Visual Studies)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Photography_Visual_Studies_?f_ri=390","nofollow":false}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_36907351" data-work_id="36907351" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/36907351/The_World_on_a_Ship_Producing_Cosmopolitan_Dining_on_Mass_Market_Cruises">The World on a Ship: Producing Cosmopolitan Dining on Mass-Market Cruises</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">This article analyzes how mass-market cruise lines mobilize food, laborers, and built environments to offer passengers cosmopolitanism with the purpose of maintaining a unique business model. It is argued that while companies target a... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_36907351" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">This article analyzes how mass-market cruise lines mobilize food, laborers, and built environments to offer passengers cosmopolitanism with the purpose of maintaining a unique business model. It is argued that while companies target a growing demand for culturally immersive dining experiences, they do not seek to offer complete immersion in any one culture but cosmopolitanism through a combination of multiple themed establishments on a mobile platform. Culinary themes are installed using labor and built environments, for instance through the placement of visual and material culture in eateries. While some onboard dining experiences are themed around the cultures of nations on the ship’s itinerary, many evoke international cultures. In studying how mass-market cruise lines as mobile spaces of containment combine both international and localized dining experiences to offer the “world on a ship,” scholars of tourism can better understand how touristic companies produce cosmopolitanism at destinations.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/36907351" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="3d5fecd73e8ca86d8fbeb3353078dc95" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":59893736,"asset_id":36907351,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/59893736/download_file?st=MTczMjc4MTM3Niw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="66447305" href="https://uottawa.academia.edu/ShayanLallani">Shayan S Lallani, PhD</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="66447305" type="text/json">{"id":66447305,"first_name":"Shayan","last_name":"Lallani, PhD","domain_name":"uottawa","page_name":"ShayanLallani","display_name":"Shayan S Lallani, PhD","profile_url":"https://uottawa.academia.edu/ShayanLallani?f_ri=390","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/66447305/17301331/111835697/s65_shayan.lallani.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_36907351 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="36907351"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 36907351, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_36907351", }); 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It is argued that while companies target a growing demand for culturally immersive dining experiences, they do not seek to offer complete immersion in any one culture but cosmopolitanism through a combination of multiple themed establishments on a mobile platform. Culinary themes are installed using labor and built environments, for instance through the placement of visual and material culture in eateries. While some onboard dining experiences are themed around the cultures of nations on the ship’s itinerary, many evoke international cultures. In studying how mass-market cruise lines as mobile spaces of containment combine both international and localized dining experiences to offer the “world on a ship,” scholars of tourism can better understand how touristic companies produce cosmopolitanism at destinations.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":59893736,"asset_id":36907351,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":66447305,"first_name":"Shayan","last_name":"Lallani, PhD","domain_name":"uottawa","page_name":"ShayanLallani","display_name":"Shayan S Lallani, PhD","profile_url":"https://uottawa.academia.edu/ShayanLallani?f_ri=390","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/66447305/17301331/111835697/s65_shayan.lallani.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":39,"name":"Marketing","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Marketing?f_ri=390","nofollow":false},{"id":184,"name":"Sociology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sociology?f_ri=390","nofollow":false},{"id":188,"name":"Cultural 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Tourism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cultural_Tourism?f_ri=390"},{"id":13258,"name":"Marketing Research","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Marketing_Research?f_ri=390"},{"id":33457,"name":"Material Culture","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Material_Culture?f_ri=390"},{"id":43678,"name":"Food Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Food_Studies?f_ri=390"},{"id":43883,"name":"Tourism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Tourism?f_ri=390"},{"id":76239,"name":"Culinary Tourism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Culinary_Tourism?f_ri=390"},{"id":81104,"name":"Tourism and Hotel Management","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Tourism_and_Hotel_Management?f_ri=390"},{"id":569296,"name":"Cruise Industry","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cruise_Industry?f_ri=390"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_3997209" data-work_id="3997209" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/3997209/History_of_the_LAPD_1_PAPER">History of the LAPD 1 PAPER</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/3997209" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="7e6b71b0c90dc5e442a47b8f85265b5d" rel="nofollow" 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Misconduct","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Police_Misconduct?f_ri=390"},{"id":996943,"name":"Police Practices","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Police_Practices?f_ri=390"},{"id":998001,"name":"Police Education","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Police_Education?f_ri=390"},{"id":1009160,"name":"Police Management","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Police_Management?f_ri=390"},{"id":1183035,"name":"Los Angeles History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Los_Angeles_History?f_ri=390"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_43400703" data-work_id="43400703" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/43400703/What_happened_to_the_Sexual_Revolution">What happened to the Sexual Revolution</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">This op-ed considers the drastic change in mores that has taken place between the Sexual Revolution of the 1960s and what I call the Sexual Counter-Revolution of 1990s America and the Post-September 11th world. I argue that the pressure... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_43400703" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">This op-ed considers the drastic change in mores that has taken place between the Sexual Revolution of the 1960s and what I call the Sexual Counter-Revolution of 1990s America and the Post-September 11th world. I argue that the pressure to make young people identify as straight, gay, lesbian, or trans does not serve the purposes of sexual liberation, but is instead an attempt to impose socially-constructed stereotypes that restrict rather than expand young people's ability to make difficult choices about their sexual experience. I argue that despite the sexual revolution, young people still need basic education about the biological 'facts of life' before they can make difficult decisions about their gender or sexual identity without having those decisions made for them by supposed cultural authorities.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/43400703" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="76683401c1cceb31cd62dcb950bd9346" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":63698361,"asset_id":43400703,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/63698361/download_file?st=MTczMjc4MTM3Niw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="6097728" href="https://independent.academia.edu/ericdmeyer">eric d meyer</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="6097728" type="text/json">{"id":6097728,"first_name":"eric d","last_name":"meyer","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"ericdmeyer","display_name":"eric d meyer","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/ericdmeyer?f_ri=390","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_43400703 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="43400703"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 43400703, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_43400703", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=43400703]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_43400703").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_43400703").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="43400703"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">9</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="390" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/American_Studies">American Studies</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="390" type="text/json">{"id":390,"name":"American Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/American_Studies?f_ri=390","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="975" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sex_and_Gender">Sex and Gender</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="975" type="text/json">{"id":975,"name":"Sex and Gender","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sex_and_Gender?f_ri=390","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="4917" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Gender_and_Sexuality">Gender and Sexuality</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="4917" type="text/json">{"id":4917,"name":"Gender and Sexuality","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Gender_and_Sexuality?f_ri=390","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="17447" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/American_Popular_Culture">American Popular Culture</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="17447" type="text/json">{"id":17447,"name":"American Popular Culture","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/American_Popular_Culture?f_ri=390","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=43400703]'), work: {"id":43400703,"title":"What happened to the Sexual Revolution","created_at":"2020-06-21T14:39:57.435-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/43400703/What_happened_to_the_Sexual_Revolution?f_ri=390","dom_id":"work_43400703","summary":"This op-ed considers the drastic change in mores that has taken place between the Sexual Revolution of the 1960s and what I call the Sexual Counter-Revolution of 1990s America and the Post-September 11th world. 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","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":63698361,"asset_id":43400703,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":6097728,"first_name":"eric d","last_name":"meyer","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"ericdmeyer","display_name":"eric d meyer","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/ericdmeyer?f_ri=390","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":390,"name":"American Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/American_Studies?f_ri=390","nofollow":false},{"id":975,"name":"Sex and Gender","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sex_and_Gender?f_ri=390","nofollow":false},{"id":4917,"name":"Gender and Sexuality","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Gender_and_Sexuality?f_ri=390","nofollow":false},{"id":17447,"name":"American Popular Culture","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/American_Popular_Culture?f_ri=390","nofollow":false},{"id":72394,"name":"LGBT Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/LGBT_Studies?f_ri=390"},{"id":75858,"name":"Sex Education","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sex_Education?f_ri=390"},{"id":522071,"name":"Sexual Revolution","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sexual_Revolution?f_ri=390"},{"id":647265,"name":"Chidhood Education","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chidhood_Education?f_ri=390"},{"id":1879811,"name":"Sexual Revolution 1960s","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sexual_Revolution_1960s?f_ri=390"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_11148927" data-work_id="11148927" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/11148927/When_I_was_Puerto_Rican_as_borderland_narrative_Bridging_Caribbean_and_U_S_Latino_literature">When I was Puerto Rican as borderland narrative-Bridging Caribbean and U.S. Latino literature</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">"Guavas for Dummies, American Jíbaras, & Postnational Autonomy: When I Was Puerto Rican in the Hemispheric Turn" (2019) re-engages this text after I taught it in Puerto Rico four years. In this 2009 essay, Santiago’s memoir is said to... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_11148927" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">"Guavas for Dummies, American Jíbaras, & Postnational Autonomy: When I Was Puerto Rican in the Hemispheric Turn" (2019) re-engages this text after I taught it in Puerto Rico four years. In this 2009 essay, Santiago’s memoir is said to bridge U.S. and Caribbean lit. WIWPR begins with a remembered Puerto Rico, and ends in the author’s adulthood in the USA. Studying Santiago’s text within a trajectory of immigrant narratives familiarizes the text to readers who are often processing their own entries into the US / its cultural orbit. This essay examines Santiago’s representation of jibaros, a subculture whose place in in Puerto Rico parallels the conflicted relationship many Jamaicans have with Rastafarians. Also, the theme of “Translating and Resisting Imperialism” is developed through a close reading of the chapter “The American Invasion of MacÚn.” Santiago’s treatment of gender roles in her family is also explored.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/11148927" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="dda12466794e7fb09a08ed3e8c0c85c0" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":36797369,"asset_id":11148927,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/36797369/download_file?st=MTczMjc4MTM3Niw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="5104248" href="https://uprm.academia.edu/GregorioStephens">Gregory Stephens</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="5104248" type="text/json">{"id":5104248,"first_name":"Gregory","last_name":"Stephens","domain_name":"uprm","page_name":"GregorioStephens","display_name":"Gregory Stephens","profile_url":"https://uprm.academia.edu/GregorioStephens?f_ri=390","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/5104248/2233812/11895444/s65_gregorio.stephens.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_11148927 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="11148927"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 11148927, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_11148927", }); 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In this 2009 essay, Santiago’s memoir is said to bridge U.S. and Caribbean lit. WIWPR begins with a remembered Puerto Rico, and ends in the author’s adulthood in the USA. Studying Santiago’s text within a trajectory of immigrant narratives familiarizes the text to readers who are often processing their own entries into the US / its cultural orbit. This essay examines Santiago’s representation of jibaros, a subculture whose place in in Puerto Rico parallels the conflicted relationship many Jamaicans have with Rastafarians. 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u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_16367067" data-work_id="16367067" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/16367067/_So_a_new_day_has_dawned_for_Porto_Rico_s_J%C3%ADbaro_Military_Service_Manhood_and_Self_government_During_World_War_I">“So a new day has dawned for Porto Rico’s Jíbaro”: Military Service, Manhood and Self-government During World War I</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">For Puerto Ricans, World War I provided the opportunity to test and challenge the linkages between military service, manhood, citizenship and decolonization. During the war Puerto Rican political leaders, elected officials, and opinion... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_16367067" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">For Puerto Ricans, World War I provided the opportunity to test and challenge the linkages between military service, manhood, citizenship and decolonization.  During the war Puerto Rican political leaders, elected officials, and opinion makers sought to advance the socio-economic and political standing of their communities by demanding access to, and encouraging participation in the U.S. military.  In particular, Puerto Rican elites were interested in mobilizing the Puerto Rican peasantry thinking that training would transform them into modern men worthy of self-determination in the eyes of the metropolis.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/16367067" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="67a289ad724448cfcd1d030c3dd1d87e" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":38964795,"asset_id":16367067,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/38964795/download_file?st=MTczMjc4MTM3Niw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="15698526" href="https://bloomfield.academia.edu/HarryFranquiRivera">Harry Franqui-Rivera</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="15698526" type="text/json">{"id":15698526,"first_name":"Harry","last_name":"Franqui-Rivera","domain_name":"bloomfield","page_name":"HarryFranquiRivera","display_name":"Harry Franqui-Rivera","profile_url":"https://bloomfield.academia.edu/HarryFranquiRivera?f_ri=390","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/15698526/4243395/114123319/s65_harry.franqui-rivera.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_16367067 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="16367067"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 16367067, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_16367067", }); 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Afrofuturism is understood in terms of its inherent delineation from any attempts by a universal cultural modernity to categorise it within... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_29665498" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">This essay explores the culturally subversive and incredibly unique enigma that is Afrofuturism. Afrofuturism is understood in terms of its inherent delineation from any attempts by a universal cultural modernity to categorise it within the structures of conventional discourse.<br /><br />Instead, I adopt a deconstructive approach to Afrofuturism’s exploration.<br />In this essay, I discuss Afrofuturism in relation to theories of Decoloniality, and, in turn, explain the history and rationale behind its subversion to conceptions of a universal modernity. I then explore the methodology and importance of autonomous subjectivity formation in Afrofuturism. <br /><br />The next chapter discusses Afrofuturism and music, using Detroit techno as a case study. The final chapter covers Afrofuturism in relation to hauntology, with a particular focus on the parallels between Afrofuturist and Intercultural cinema.<br /><br />The aim of this essay is to broaden the reader’s understanding of Afrofuturism through the contextualisation and explanation of the issues that Afrofuturism seeks to transcend, and the examination of the means with which this transcendence is to be achieved.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/29665498" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="ccbae1de5ba03d22c6fd0a945c35849c" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":50101058,"asset_id":29665498,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/50101058/download_file?st=MTczMjc4MTM3Niw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="28699650" href="https://birmingham.academia.edu/AndrewDryhurst">Andrew Dryhurst</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="28699650" type="text/json">{"id":28699650,"first_name":"Andrew","last_name":"Dryhurst","domain_name":"birmingham","page_name":"AndrewDryhurst","display_name":"Andrew Dryhurst","profile_url":"https://birmingham.academia.edu/AndrewDryhurst?f_ri=390","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/28699650/8136504/9106627/s65_andrew.dryhurst.jpg_oh_a1e5114079fa58782272b1614c6d12fd_oe_55b728a9___gda___1436665553_4159abcbff422df99241f401f09ad505"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_29665498 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="29665498"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 29665498, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_29665498", }); 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Afrofuturism is understood in terms of its inherent delineation from any attempts by a universal cultural modernity to categorise it within the structures of conventional discourse.\n\nInstead, I adopt a deconstructive approach to Afrofuturism’s exploration.\nIn this essay, I discuss Afrofuturism in relation to theories of Decoloniality, and, in turn, explain the history and rationale behind its subversion to conceptions of a universal modernity. I then explore the methodology and importance of autonomous subjectivity formation in Afrofuturism. \n\nThe next chapter discusses Afrofuturism and music, using Detroit techno as a case study. The final chapter covers Afrofuturism in relation to hauntology, with a particular focus on the parallels between Afrofuturist and Intercultural cinema.\n\nThe aim of this essay is to broaden the reader’s understanding of Afrofuturism through the contextualisation and explanation of the issues that Afrofuturism seeks to transcend, and the examination of the means with which this transcendence is to be achieved.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":50101058,"asset_id":29665498,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":28699650,"first_name":"Andrew","last_name":"Dryhurst","domain_name":"birmingham","page_name":"AndrewDryhurst","display_name":"Andrew 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href="https://www.academia.edu/12867624/Race_and_Racisms_A_Critical_Approach">Race and Racisms: A Critical Approach</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/12867624" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="ca2e3d8fe7ffee6922539706f4537d10" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":37903029,"asset_id":12867624,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" 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data-has-card-for-ri="390" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/American_Studies">American Studies</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="390" type="text/json">{"id":390,"name":"American Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/American_Studies?f_ri=390","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="3277" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Race_and_Racism">Race and Racism</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="3277" type="text/json">{"id":3277,"name":"Race and Racism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Race_and_Racism?f_ri=390","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=12867624]'), work: {"id":12867624,"title":"Race and Racisms: A Critical 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America","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Race_and_Ethnicity_in_America?f_ri=390"},{"id":479617,"name":"Sociology of Race and Racism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sociology_of_Race_and_Racism?f_ri=390"},{"id":957019,"name":"Sociology of Ethnicity and Race","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sociology_of_Ethnicity_and_Race?f_ri=390"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_15611451" data-work_id="15611451" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/15611451/_Edward_Quinn_History_in_Literature_A_Readers_G_Book_Fi_org_">[Edward Quinn] History in Literature A Reader's G(Book Fi org)</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li 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href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Military_History">Military History</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="133" type="text/json">{"id":133,"name":"Military History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Military_History?f_ri=390","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="390" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/American_Studies">American Studies</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="390" type="text/json">{"id":390,"name":"American Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/American_Studies?f_ri=390","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="659" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Comparative_Literature">Comparative Literature</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="659" type="text/json">{"id":659,"name":"Comparative Literature","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Comparative_Literature?f_ri=390","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=15611451]'), work: {"id":15611451,"title":"[Edward Quinn] History in Literature A Reader's G(Book Fi org)","created_at":"2015-09-11T12:05:04.593-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/15611451/_Edward_Quinn_History_in_Literature_A_Readers_G_Book_Fi_org_?f_ri=390","dom_id":"work_15611451","summary":null,"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":38739431,"asset_id":15611451,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":34781554,"first_name":"erick","last_name":"falcon","domain_name":"universitasflores","page_name":"erickfalcon","display_name":"erick falcon","profile_url":"https://universitasflores.academia.edu/erickfalcon?f_ri=390","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":133,"name":"Military History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Military_History?f_ri=390","nofollow":false},{"id":390,"name":"American 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Can comedy really effect social change? Is laughter just catharsis—a therapeutic release of personal and social discontent—or can it also voice real opposition? Another basic question that we often take for... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_35642682" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">What makes some jokes so funny? Can comedy really effect social change? Is laughter just catharsis—a therapeutic release of personal and social discontent—or can it also voice real opposition? Another basic question that we often take for granted, why do we laugh?  In this course, we will approach the topic of comedy from every angle, while also keeping the funny alive. We will read philosophies and theories of comedy, satirical newspapers, and social histories of stand-up. We will watch funny movies, TV shows, Internet memes, viral videos, and talk about them. And, of course, we will write and perform our own comedy in the classroom.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/35642682" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="92434035e5af9931aac1d3a32783ddb0" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":55511790,"asset_id":35642682,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/55511790/download_file?st=MTczMjc4MTM3Niw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="402808" href="https://umn.academia.edu/MaggieHennefeld">Maggie Hennefeld</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="402808" type="text/json">{"id":402808,"first_name":"Maggie","last_name":"Hennefeld","domain_name":"umn","page_name":"MaggieHennefeld","display_name":"Maggie Hennefeld","profile_url":"https://umn.academia.edu/MaggieHennefeld?f_ri=390","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/402808/126208/19376843/s65_maggie.hennefeld.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_35642682 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="35642682"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 35642682, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_35642682", }); 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Can comedy really effect social change? Is laughter just catharsis—a therapeutic release of personal and social discontent—or can it also voice real opposition? Another basic question that we often take for granted, why do we laugh? In this course, we will approach the topic of comedy from every angle, while also keeping the funny alive. We will read philosophies and theories of comedy, satirical newspapers, and social histories of stand-up. We will watch funny movies, TV shows, Internet memes, viral videos, and talk about them. And, of course, we will write and perform our own comedy in the classroom. ","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":55511790,"asset_id":35642682,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":402808,"first_name":"Maggie","last_name":"Hennefeld","domain_name":"umn","page_name":"MaggieHennefeld","display_name":"Maggie Hennefeld","profile_url":"https://umn.academia.edu/MaggieHennefeld?f_ri=390","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/402808/126208/19376843/s65_maggie.hennefeld.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":8,"name":"Critical Theory","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Critical_Theory?f_ri=390","nofollow":false},{"id":128,"name":"History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History?f_ri=390","nofollow":false},{"id":188,"name":"Cultural Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cultural_Studies?f_ri=390","nofollow":false},{"id":390,"name":"American Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/American_Studies?f_ri=390","nofollow":false},{"id":696,"name":"Gender Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Gender_Studies?f_ri=390"},{"id":859,"name":"Communication","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Communication?f_ri=390"},{"id":922,"name":"Education","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Education?f_ri=390"},{"id":928,"name":"Media Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Media_Studies?f_ri=390"},{"id":2107,"name":"Comedy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Comedy?f_ri=390"},{"id":2621,"name":"Higher Education","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Higher_Education?f_ri=390"},{"id":2858,"name":"Popular Culture","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Popular_Culture?f_ri=390"},{"id":3041,"name":"Humor","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Humor?f_ri=390"},{"id":3392,"name":"Critical Pedagogy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Critical_Pedagogy?f_ri=390"},{"id":3924,"name":"Laughter","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Laughter?f_ri=390"},{"id":4486,"name":"Political Science","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Political_Science?f_ri=390"},{"id":5453,"name":"Race and Ethnicity","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Race_and_Ethnicity?f_ri=390"},{"id":5709,"name":"Politics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Politics?f_ri=390"},{"id":10453,"name":"Feminism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Feminism?f_ri=390"},{"id":28204,"name":"Humor Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Humor_Studies?f_ri=390"},{"id":31686,"name":"Curriculum and Instruction","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Curriculum_and_Instruction?f_ri=390"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_36878812" data-work_id="36878812" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/36878812/Dissertation_Keeping_Up_With_the_Kardashians_and_Jenners_An_Analysis_of_Postfeminism_in_Contemporary_Social_Media_Practices">Dissertation: Keeping Up With the Kardashians and Jenners: An Analysis of Postfeminism in Contemporary Social Media Practices</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">This dissertation analyzes the postfeminist tendencies and biopolitics in contemporary media practices by considering the pop culture exemplar, the Kardashian-Jenner family. This dissertation received First Class Honors from Trinity... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_36878812" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">This dissertation analyzes the postfeminist tendencies and biopolitics in contemporary media practices by considering the pop culture exemplar, the Kardashian-Jenner family. <br /> <br />This dissertation received First Class Honors from Trinity College Dublin. <br />Vanessa graduated with Distinction in B.A. English Literature and Media Studies.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/36878812" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span 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href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sociology">Sociology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="184" type="text/json">{"id":184,"name":"Sociology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sociology?f_ri=390","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="188" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cultural_Studies">Cultural Studies</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="188" type="text/json">{"id":188,"name":"Cultural Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cultural_Studies?f_ri=390","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="199" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Media_Sociology">Media Sociology</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="199" type="text/json">{"id":199,"name":"Media Sociology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Media_Sociology?f_ri=390","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: 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u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_40746601" data-work_id="40746601" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/40746601/Open_World_Empire_Race_Erotics_and_the_Global_Rise_of_Video_Games">Open World Empire: Race, Erotics, and the Global Rise of Video Games</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Seeking ways to understand video games beyond their imperial logics, Patterson turns to erotics to re-invigorate the potential passions and pleasures of play. Video games vastly outpace all other mediums of entertainment in revenue and... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_40746601" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Seeking ways to understand video games beyond their imperial logics, Patterson turns to erotics to re-invigorate the potential passions and pleasures of play.<br /><br />Video games vastly outpace all other mediums of entertainment in revenue and in global reach. On the surface, games do not appear ideological, nor are they categorized as national products. Instead, they seem to reflect the open and uncontaminated reputation of information technology.<br /><br />Video games are undeniably imperial products. Their very existence has been conditioned upon the spread of militarized technology, the exploitation of already-existing labor and racial hierarchies in their manufacture, and the utopian promises of digital technology. Like literature and film before it, video games have become the main artistic expression of empire today: the open world empire, formed through the routes of information technology and the violences of drone combat, unending war, and overseas massacres that occur with little scandal or protest.<br /><br />Though often presented as purely technological feats, video games are also artistic projects, and as such, they allow us an understanding of how war and imperial violence proceed under signs of openness, transparency, and digital utopia. But the video game, as Christopher B. Patterson argues, is also an inherently Asian commodity: its hardware is assembled in Asia; its most talented e-sports players are of Asian origin; Nintendo, Sony, and Sega have defined and dominated the genre. Games draw on established discourses of Asia to provide an “Asiatic” space, a playful sphere of racial otherness that straddles notions of the queer, the exotic, the bizarre, and the erotic. Thinking through games like Overwatch, Call of Duty 4: Modern Warfare, Shenmue II, and Alien: Isolation, Patterson reads against empire by playing games erotically, as players do—seeing games as Asiatic playthings that afford new passions, pleasures, desires, and attachments.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/40746601" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="b46ec818bc6874b6bdb7f7115c576600" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":64517321,"asset_id":40746601,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/64517321/download_file?st=MTczMjc4MTM3Niw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="467136" href="https://ubc.academia.edu/ChristopherPatterson">Christopher B Patterson</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="467136" type="text/json">{"id":467136,"first_name":"Christopher","last_name":"Patterson","domain_name":"ubc","page_name":"ChristopherPatterson","display_name":"Christopher B Patterson","profile_url":"https://ubc.academia.edu/ChristopherPatterson?f_ri=390","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/467136/155247/34499540/s65_christopher.patterson.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_40746601 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="40746601"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 40746601, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_40746601", }); 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On the surface, games do not appear ideological, nor are they categorized as national products. Instead, they seem to reflect the open and uncontaminated reputation of information technology.\n\nVideo games are undeniably imperial products. Their very existence has been conditioned upon the spread of militarized technology, the exploitation of already-existing labor and racial hierarchies in their manufacture, and the utopian promises of digital technology. Like literature and film before it, video games have become the main artistic expression of empire today: the open world empire, formed through the routes of information technology and the violences of drone combat, unending war, and overseas massacres that occur with little scandal or protest.\n\nThough often presented as purely technological feats, video games are also artistic projects, and as such, they allow us an understanding of how war and imperial violence proceed under signs of openness, transparency, and digital utopia. But the video game, as Christopher B. Patterson argues, is also an inherently Asian commodity: its hardware is assembled in Asia; its most talented e-sports players are of Asian origin; Nintendo, Sony, and Sega have defined and dominated the genre. Games draw on established discourses of Asia to provide an “Asiatic” space, a playful sphere of racial otherness that straddles notions of the queer, the exotic, the bizarre, and the erotic. Thinking through games like Overwatch, Call of Duty 4: Modern Warfare, Shenmue II, and Alien: Isolation, Patterson reads against empire by playing games erotically, as players do—seeing games as Asiatic playthings that afford new passions, pleasures, desires, and attachments.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":64517321,"asset_id":40746601,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":467136,"first_name":"Christopher","last_name":"Patterson","domain_name":"ubc","page_name":"ChristopherPatterson","display_name":"Christopher B Patterson","profile_url":"https://ubc.academia.edu/ChristopherPatterson?f_ri=390","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/467136/155247/34499540/s65_christopher.patterson.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":390,"name":"American Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/American_Studies?f_ri=390","nofollow":false},{"id":696,"name":"Gender Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Gender_Studies?f_ri=390","nofollow":false},{"id":883,"name":"Game studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Game_studies?f_ri=390","nofollow":false},{"id":928,"name":"Media Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Media_Studies?f_ri=390","nofollow":false},{"id":3114,"name":"Queer Theory","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Queer_Theory?f_ri=390"},{"id":3764,"name":"Asian American Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Asian_American_Studies?f_ri=390"},{"id":4917,"name":"Gender and Sexuality","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Gender_and_Sexuality?f_ri=390"},{"id":5199,"name":"Video Games","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Video_Games?f_ri=390"},{"id":5453,"name":"Race and Ethnicity","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Race_and_Ethnicity?f_ri=390"},{"id":8673,"name":"Digital Media \u0026 Learning","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Digital_Media_and_Learning?f_ri=390"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_5986019" data-work_id="5986019" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/5986019/On_Photography">On Photography</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/5986019" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="16f2ecd8d8bf9cb71ce270d6b9f5c723" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":32940650,"asset_id":5986019,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/32940650/download_file?st=MTczMjc4MTM3Niw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="8935823" href="https://arts-uk.academia.edu/JohnMuriel">John Muriel</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="8935823" type="text/json">{"id":8935823,"first_name":"John","last_name":"Muriel","domain_name":"arts-uk","page_name":"JohnMuriel","display_name":"John Muriel","profile_url":"https://arts-uk.academia.edu/JohnMuriel?f_ri=390","photo":"https://gravatar.com/avatar/be065fffc15e8a2b017a2c46aad332ec?s=65"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_5986019 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="5986019"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 5986019, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_5986019", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=5986019]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_5986019").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_5986019").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="5986019"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">7</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="390" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/American_Studies">American Studies</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="390" type="text/json">{"id":390,"name":"American Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/American_Studies?f_ri=390","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="808" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Aesthetics">Aesthetics</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="808" type="text/json">{"id":808,"name":"Aesthetics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Aesthetics?f_ri=390","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="915" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Art_History">Art History</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="915" type="text/json">{"id":915,"name":"Art History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Art_History?f_ri=390","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1386" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Art_Theory">Art Theory</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="1386" type="text/json">{"id":1386,"name":"Art Theory","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Art_Theory?f_ri=390","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=5986019]'), work: {"id":5986019,"title":"On Photography","created_at":"2014-02-07T03:54:45.274-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/5986019/On_Photography?f_ri=390","dom_id":"work_5986019","summary":null,"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":32940650,"asset_id":5986019,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":8935823,"first_name":"John","last_name":"Muriel","domain_name":"arts-uk","page_name":"JohnMuriel","display_name":"John Muriel","profile_url":"https://arts-uk.academia.edu/JohnMuriel?f_ri=390","photo":"https://gravatar.com/avatar/be065fffc15e8a2b017a2c46aad332ec?s=65"}],"research_interests":[{"id":390,"name":"American Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/American_Studies?f_ri=390","nofollow":false},{"id":808,"name":"Aesthetics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Aesthetics?f_ri=390","nofollow":false},{"id":915,"name":"Art History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Art_History?f_ri=390","nofollow":false},{"id":1386,"name":"Art Theory","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Art_Theory?f_ri=390","nofollow":false},{"id":1589,"name":"Photography","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Photography?f_ri=390"},{"id":3051,"name":"Contemporary Art","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Contemporary_Art?f_ri=390"},{"id":26558,"name":"Visual Arts","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Visual_Arts?f_ri=390"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_72634510" data-work_id="72634510" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/72634510/The_Mexican_threat_the_construction_of_a_new_enemy_A_brief_analysis_of_Samuel_Huntington_s_representation_of_Mexican_immigration_to_the_United_States">The Mexican threat: the construction of a new enemy. A brief analysis of Samuel Huntington´s representation of Mexican immigration to the United States.</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">American political scientist Samuel Huntington argues that, before being a nation of immigrants, the United States is a nation of English settlers who defined the core values of American national identity during the colonial era of the... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_72634510" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">American political scientist Samuel Huntington argues that, before being a nation of immigrants, the United States is a nation of English settlers who defined the core values of American national identity during the colonial era of the 17th and 18th century. Thus, in addition to being characterized as a product of the “Founding Fathers”, Huntington's concept of the American nation was closely tied to the Anglo-Saxon Protestant culture created by the called “Founding Settlers”. This strict definition of the United States made it impossible for other groups, such as Mexican immigrants and Mexican Americans, to fully incorporate themselves into the American mainstream. Because they came from different historical backgrounds that deviated from the Anglo-Saxon norm, they were seen as challenging the “proper” ways of American immigration and assimilationism, such as those established by the massive flows of European immigration from the 19th and the first half of the twentieth century. <br /> <br />Furthermore, for Huntington, the war between Mexico and the United States in 1846-1848 produced the current idea that Mexicans are able to make political claims to the territories annexed by the United States after the course of the war, and therefore they represent an active threat to the physical integrity of modern US-territory. It is also important to highlight that, behind the apparently benevolent notion of assimilationism, there are structural relations of colonialism that nullify the power of agency of assimilating groups, subordinating them to a system of colonial rule that denies their full political engagement in the social landscape of the United States. As to the assimilation of both Mexican immigrants and Mexican Americans this cannot take place because the concept of American assimilationism itself is linked to a hidden ideal of whiteness that does not accept the brown phenotypical traits of people of Mexican origins.  <br /> <br />Key words: national identity; American nation; Anglo-Saxon culture; Mexicans Americans;</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/72634510" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="65c8d3e6e66073d73bb712dd4d75df5c" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":81485643,"asset_id":72634510,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/81485643/download_file?st=MTczMjc4MTM3Niw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="59735612" href="https://unb.academia.edu/RafaelAntonioRodrigues">Rafael Antonio Rodrigues</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="59735612" type="text/json">{"id":59735612,"first_name":"Rafael","last_name":"Antonio Rodrigues","domain_name":"unb","page_name":"RafaelAntonioRodrigues","display_name":"Rafael Antonio Rodrigues","profile_url":"https://unb.academia.edu/RafaelAntonioRodrigues?f_ri=390","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/59735612/15964917/98198773/s65_rafael.antonio_rodrigues.jpeg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_72634510 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="72634510"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 72634510, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_72634510", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=72634510]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_72634510").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_72634510").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="72634510"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">8</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="136" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cultural_History">Cultural History</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="136" type="text/json">{"id":136,"name":"Cultural History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cultural_History?f_ri=390","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="188" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cultural_Studies">Cultural Studies</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="188" type="text/json">{"id":188,"name":"Cultural Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cultural_Studies?f_ri=390","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="388" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Latin_American_Studies">Latin American Studies</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="388" type="text/json">{"id":388,"name":"Latin American Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Latin_American_Studies?f_ri=390","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="390" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/American_Studies">American Studies</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="390" type="text/json">{"id":390,"name":"American Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/American_Studies?f_ri=390","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=72634510]'), work: {"id":72634510,"title":"The Mexican threat: the construction of a new enemy. A brief analysis of Samuel Huntington´s representation of Mexican immigration to the United States.","created_at":"2022-02-28T18:52:45.178-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/72634510/The_Mexican_threat_the_construction_of_a_new_enemy_A_brief_analysis_of_Samuel_Huntington_s_representation_of_Mexican_immigration_to_the_United_States?f_ri=390","dom_id":"work_72634510","summary":"\r\nAmerican political scientist Samuel Huntington argues that, before being a nation of immigrants, the United States is a nation of English settlers who defined the core values of American national identity during the colonial era of the 17th and 18th century. Thus, in addition to being characterized as a product of the “Founding Fathers”, Huntington's concept of the American nation was closely tied to the Anglo-Saxon Protestant culture created by the called “Founding Settlers”. This strict definition of the United States made it impossible for other groups, such as Mexican immigrants and Mexican Americans, to fully incorporate themselves into the American mainstream. Because they came from different historical backgrounds that deviated from the Anglo-Saxon norm, they were seen as challenging the “proper” ways of American immigration and assimilationism, such as those established by the massive flows of European immigration from the 19th and the first half of the twentieth century. \r\n\r\nFurthermore, for Huntington, the war between Mexico and the United States in 1846-1848 produced the current idea that Mexicans are able to make political claims to the territories annexed by the United States after the course of the war, and therefore they represent an active threat to the physical integrity of modern US-territory. It is also important to highlight that, behind the apparently benevolent notion of assimilationism, there are structural relations of colonialism that nullify the power of agency of assimilating groups, subordinating them to a system of colonial rule that denies their full political engagement in the social landscape of the United States. As to the assimilation of both Mexican immigrants and Mexican Americans this cannot take place because the concept of American assimilationism itself is linked to a hidden ideal of whiteness that does not accept the brown phenotypical traits of people of Mexican origins. \r\n\r\nKey words: national identity; American nation; Anglo-Saxon culture; Mexicans Americans; \r\n","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":81485643,"asset_id":72634510,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":59735612,"first_name":"Rafael","last_name":"Antonio Rodrigues","domain_name":"unb","page_name":"RafaelAntonioRodrigues","display_name":"Rafael Antonio Rodrigues","profile_url":"https://unb.academia.edu/RafaelAntonioRodrigues?f_ri=390","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/59735612/15964917/98198773/s65_rafael.antonio_rodrigues.jpeg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":136,"name":"Cultural History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cultural_History?f_ri=390","nofollow":false},{"id":188,"name":"Cultural Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cultural_Studies?f_ri=390","nofollow":false},{"id":388,"name":"Latin American Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Latin_American_Studies?f_ri=390","nofollow":false},{"id":390,"name":"American Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/American_Studies?f_ri=390","nofollow":false},{"id":4374,"name":"Immigration Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Immigration_Studies?f_ri=390"},{"id":5247,"name":"Critical Race Theory","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Critical_Race_Theory?f_ri=390"},{"id":30734,"name":"Post-Colonial Theory","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Post-Colonial_Theory?f_ri=390"},{"id":694926,"name":"Mexican Immigration","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mexican_Immigration?f_ri=390"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_5617767" data-work_id="5617767" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/5617767/_Custer_Died_for_Your_Sins_An_Indian_Manifesto_">"Custer Died for Your Sins: An Indian Manifesto"</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/5617767" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="1cbca8e463bbb4f3c4f9154bd957c8a8" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":32690479,"asset_id":5617767,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/32690479/download_file?st=MTczMjc4MTM3Niw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="4676789" href="https://asu.academia.edu/DavidMart%C3%ADnez">David Martínez</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="4676789" type="text/json">{"id":4676789,"first_name":"David","last_name":"Martínez","domain_name":"asu","page_name":"DavidMartínez","display_name":"David Martínez","profile_url":"https://asu.academia.edu/DavidMart%C3%ADnez?f_ri=390","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/4676789/1966587/95635446/s65_david.mart_nez.jpeg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_5617767 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="5617767"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 5617767, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_5617767", }); 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In this article, I call into question the moral and empirical basis for such a distinction, and argue that all children—whether female, male, or intersex—should be free from having parts of their genitals removed unless there is a pressing medical indication.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/8817976" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="28db49f2a2b9e1c43ea1f2e20db993a9" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":47841915,"asset_id":8817976,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/47841915/download_file?st=MTczMjc4MTM3Niw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="377433" href="https://oxford.academia.edu/BrianDEarp">Brian D . 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In this article, I call into question the moral and empirical basis for such a distinction, and argue that all children—whether female, male, or intersex—should be free from having parts of their genitals removed unless there is a pressing medical indication.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":47841915,"asset_id":8817976,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":377433,"first_name":"Brian","last_name":"Earp","domain_name":"oxford","page_name":"BrianDEarp","display_name":"Brian D . 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u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/50356347/Game_culture_to_pop_culture_How_video_games_and_game_culture_changing_the_American_popular_culture">Game culture to pop culture: How video games and game culture changing the American popular culture.</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Video games have become a significant element of entertainment in the present day. Video games can convey ideas, attitude, belief s; hence video games possess significant abilities to change other forms/mediums of popular culture.... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_50356347" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Video games have become a significant element of entertainment in the present day. Video games can convey ideas, attitude, belief s; hence video games possess significant abilities to change other forms/mediums of popular culture. Increasing popularity, diverse player base, and the rise of different genres of games transformed video games into a popular entertainment phenomenon in America, and a sub-cultural phenomenon named video games culture has emerged. Video games and video game culture has inf influenced significant changes i n other forms/mediums of popular culture through introducing new approaches, techniques, aesthetics etc. That resulted in the creation of new media forms and genres. Video game culture plays an indispensable role in some of these transformations.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/50356347" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="35c000c143f74d686b54f1584030a76b" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":68375620,"asset_id":50356347,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/68375620/download_file?st=MTczMjc4MTM3Niw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="94270018" href="https://chittagong.academia.edu/dddddddddd">Muhammad Raihan Uddin Bhuiyan</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="94270018" type="text/json">{"id":94270018,"first_name":"Muhammad Raihan Uddin","last_name":"Bhuiyan","domain_name":"chittagong","page_name":"dddddddddd","display_name":"Muhammad Raihan Uddin Bhuiyan","profile_url":"https://chittagong.academia.edu/dddddddddd?f_ri=390","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_50356347 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="50356347"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 50356347, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_50356347", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_50356347 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 50356347; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_50356347"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_50356347 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="50356347"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 50356347; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=50356347]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_50356347").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_50356347").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="50356347"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i></div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl6x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="390" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/American_Studies">American Studies</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="390" type="text/json">{"id":390,"name":"American Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/American_Studies?f_ri=390","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (false) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=50356347]'), work: {"id":50356347,"title":"Game culture to pop culture: How video games and game culture changing the American popular culture.","created_at":"2021-07-29T07:52:38.125-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/50356347/Game_culture_to_pop_culture_How_video_games_and_game_culture_changing_the_American_popular_culture?f_ri=390","dom_id":"work_50356347","summary":"Video games have become a significant element of entertainment in the present day. 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href="https://www.academia.edu/28889794/After_Lots_Daughters_Kathryn_Harrison_and_the_Making_of_Memory">After Lot's Daughters: Kathryn Harrison and the Making of Memory</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest">a/b: Auto/Biography Studies <br />Volume 14, 1999 - Issue 1<br />EXTREMITIES: MEMOIRS AT THE FIN DE SIÈCLE</div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/28889794" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="74236277354ab804077e1d204cd989ee" rel="nofollow" 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