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Dit is echter niet verplicht." class=""><span>Account aanmaken</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Speciaal:Aanmelden&returnto=Kortsluiting" title="U wordt van harte uitgenodigd om aan te melden, maar dit is niet verplicht [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Aanmelden</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Meer opties" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Persoonlijke hulpmiddelen" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Persoonlijke hulpmiddelen</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="Gebruikersmenu" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/?wmf_source=donate&wmf_medium=sidebar&wmf_campaign=nl.wikipedia.org&uselang=nl"><span>Doneren</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Speciaal:GebruikerAanmaken&returnto=Kortsluiting" title="Registreer u vooral en meld u aan. Dit is echter niet verplicht."><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>Account aanmaken</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Speciaal:Aanmelden&returnto=Kortsluiting" title="U wordt van harte uitgenodigd om aan te melden, maar dit is niet verplicht [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Aanmelden</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Pagina's voor uitgelogde redacteuren <a href="/wiki/Help:Inleiding" aria-label="Meer leren over bewerken"><span>meer lezen</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Speciaal:MijnBijdragen" title="Bijdragen IP-adres [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Bijdragen</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Speciaal:MijnOverleg" title="Overlegpagina van de anonieme gebruiker van dit IP-adres [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Overleg</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Inhoud" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Inhoud</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">naar zijbalk verplaatsen</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">verbergen</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Top</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Definitie" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Definitie"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Definitie</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Definitie-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Ontstaan_en_gevolgen" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ontstaan_en_gevolgen"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Ontstaan en gevolgen</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ontstaan_en_gevolgen-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Beveiliging" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Beveiliging"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Beveiliging</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Beveiliging-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Muzikale_toepassing" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Muzikale_toepassing"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Muzikale toepassing</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Muzikale_toepassing-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Overige" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Overige"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Overige</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Overige-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Inhoud" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Inhoudsopgave omschakelen" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Inhoudsopgave omschakelen</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Kortsluiting</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Ga naar een artikel in een andere taal. Beschikbaar in 54 talen" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-54" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">54 talen</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AF%D8%A7%D8%A6%D8%B1%D8%A9_%D9%82%D8%B5%D8%B1" title="دائرة قصر – Arabisch" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="دائرة قصر" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Q%C4%B1sa_qapanma" title="Qısa qapanma – Azerbeidzjaans" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Qısa qapanma" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbeidzjaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B5_%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%BC%D1%8B%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%B5" title="Кароткае замыканне – Belarussisch" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Кароткае замыканне" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarussisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%8A%D1%81%D0%BE_%D1%81%D1%8A%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5" title="Късо съединение – Bulgaars" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Късо съединение" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgaars" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%B6%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%9F_%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%95%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%9F" title="শর্ট সার্কিট – Bengaals" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="শর্ট সার্কিট" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bengaals" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Curtcircuit" title="Curtcircuit – Catalaans" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Curtcircuit" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elektrick%C3%BD_zkrat" title="Elektrický zkrat – Tsjechisch" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Elektrický zkrat" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Tsjechisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%C4%95%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B5%D0%BD_%D0%BF%C4%95%D1%80%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%88%D0%BD%D0%B8" title="Кĕскен пĕрлешни – Tsjoevasjisch" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Кĕскен пĕрлешни" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="Tsjoevasjisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kortslutning" title="Kortslutning – Deens" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Kortslutning" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Deens" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elektrischer_Kurzschluss" title="Elektrischer Kurzschluss – Duits" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Elektrischer Kurzschluss" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="Duits" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%92%CF%81%CE%B1%CF%87%CF%85%CE%BA%CF%8D%CE%BA%CE%BB%CF%89%CE%BC%CE%B1" title="Βραχυκύκλωμα – Grieks" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Βραχυκύκλωμα" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Grieks" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Short_circuit" title="Short circuit – Engels" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Short circuit" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="Engels" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kurta_cirkvito" title="Kurta cirkvito – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Kurta cirkvito" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cortocircuito" title="Cortocircuito – Spaans" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Cortocircuito" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%C3%BChis" title="Lühis – Estisch" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Lühis" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zirkuitulabur" title="Zirkuitulabur – Baskisch" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Zirkuitulabur" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Baskisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D8%AA%D8%B5%D8%A7%D9%84_%DA%A9%D9%88%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%87" title="اتصال کوتاه – Perzisch" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="اتصال کوتاه" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Perzisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oikosulku" title="Oikosulku – Fins" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Oikosulku" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Fins" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Court-circuit" title="Court-circuit – Frans" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Court-circuit" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="Frans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A7%D7%A6%D7%A8_%D7%97%D7%A9%D7%9E%D7%9C%D7%99" title="קצר חשמלי – Hebreeuws" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="קצר חשמלי" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebreeuws" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%98%E0%A5%81_%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%A5" title="लघु परिपथ – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="लघु परिपथ" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kratki_spoj" title="Kratki spoj – Kroatisch" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Kratki spoj" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Kroatisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kou-sikui" title="Kou-sikui – Haïtiaans Creools" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="Kou-sikui" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="Haïtiaans Creools" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kreyòl ayisyen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/R%C3%B6vidre_z%C3%A1r%C3%A1s" title="Rövidre zárás – Hongaars" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Rövidre zárás" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hongaars" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%BF%D5%A1%D6%80%D5%B3_%D5%B4%D5%AB%D5%A1%D6%81%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%B4" title="Կարճ միացում – Armeens" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Կարճ միացում" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armeens" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hubungan_pendek" title="Hubungan pendek – Indonesisch" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Hubungan pendek" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kurta_cirkuito" title="Kurta cirkuito – Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Kurta cirkuito" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Skammhlaup" title="Skammhlaup – IJslands" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Skammhlaup" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="IJslands" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cortocircuito" title="Cortocircuito – Italiaans" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Cortocircuito" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italiaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%9F%AD%E7%B5%A1" title="短絡 – Japans" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="短絡" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D2%9A%D1%8B%D1%81%D2%9B%D0%B0%D1%88%D0%B0_%D1%82%D2%B1%D0%B9%D1%8B%D2%9B%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%83" title="Қысқаша тұйықталу – Kazachs" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Қысқаша тұйықталу" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazachs" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%ED%95%A9%EC%84%A0" title="합선 – Koreaans" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="합선" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Koreaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kurte_vedor" title="Kurte vedor – Koerdisch" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Kurte vedor" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="Koerdisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trumpasis_jungimas" title="Trumpasis jungimas – Litouws" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Trumpasis jungimas" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Litouws" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BA_%D1%81%D0%BF%D0%BE%D1%98" title="Краток спој – Macedonisch" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Краток спој" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Litar_pintas" title="Litar pintas – Maleis" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Litar pintas" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Maleis" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kortslutning" title="Kortslutning – Noors - Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Kortslutning" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Noors - Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zwarcie_(elektrotechnika)" title="Zwarcie (elektrotechnika) – Pools" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Zwarcie (elektrotechnika)" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Pools" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Curto-circuito" title="Curto-circuito – Portugees" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Curto-circuito" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portugees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scurtcircuit" title="Scurtcircuit – Roemeens" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Scurtcircuit" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Roemeens" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B5_%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%BC%D1%8B%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5" title="Короткое замыкание – Russisch" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Короткое замыкание" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Short_circuit" title="Short circuit – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Short circuit" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Skrat" title="Skrat – Slowaaks" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Skrat" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slowaaks" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D1%81%D0%BF%D0%BE%D1%98" title="Кратки спој – Servisch" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Кратки спој" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Servisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kortslutning" title="Kortslutning – Zweeds" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Kortslutning" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Zweeds" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%B1%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%9A%E0%AF%8D_%E0%AE%9A%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%B1%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%B1%E0%AF%81" title="குறுக்குச் சுற்று – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="குறுக்குச் சுற்று" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B9%84%E0%B8%9F%E0%B8%9F%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%88%E0%B8%A3" title="ไฟฟ้าลัดวงจร – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="ไฟฟ้าลัดวงจร" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/K%C4%B1sa_devre" title="Kısa devre – Turks" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Kısa devre" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turks" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%8B%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D1%8F%D0%BB%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%8B%D1%88" title="Кыска ялганыш – Tataars" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Кыска ялганыш" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="Tataars" 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src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/be/Crossed_wires.JPG/260px-Crossed_wires.JPG" decoding="async" width="260" height="173" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/be/Crossed_wires.JPG/390px-Crossed_wires.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/be/Crossed_wires.JPG/520px-Crossed_wires.JPG 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /></a><figcaption>Kortsluiting in bovengrondse elektriciteitsdraden</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Bestand:Kurzschluss_12V20A.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Kurzschluss_12V20A.jpg/260px-Kurzschluss_12V20A.jpg" decoding="async" width="260" height="195" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Kurzschluss_12V20A.jpg/390px-Kurzschluss_12V20A.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Kurzschluss_12V20A.jpg/520px-Kurzschluss_12V20A.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2048" data-file-height="1536" /></a><figcaption>Kortsluiting tussen twee spijkers, 12 <a href="/wiki/Volt_(eenheid)" title="Volt (eenheid)">V</a>, 20 <a href="/wiki/Amp%C3%A8re_(eenheid)" title="Ampère (eenheid)">A</a></figcaption></figure> <p><b>Kortsluiting</b> is in een <a href="/wiki/Elektrisch_netwerk" title="Elektrisch netwerk">elektrisch circuit</a> een verbinding met lage <a href="/wiki/Elektrische_weerstand_(eigenschap)" title="Elektrische weerstand (eigenschap)">weerstand</a> die gewoonlijk niet aanwezig is. </p><p>Kortsluiting kan ongewenst zijn. Worden de <a href="/wiki/Pool_(elektriciteit)" title="Pool (elektriciteit)">polen</a> van een <a href="/wiki/Contactdoos" title="Contactdoos">contactdoos</a> of andere spanningsbron kortgesloten, dan zal er een zeer grote <a href="/wiki/Elektrische_stroom" title="Elektrische stroom">stroom</a> gaan lopen, wat men tracht te voorkomen met een <a href="/wiki/Smeltveiligheid" title="Smeltveiligheid">smeltveiligheid</a> of een <a href="/wiki/Installatieautomaat" title="Installatieautomaat">installatieautomaat</a>. </p><p>Kortsluiting kan echter ook bedoeld zijn. Het komt vaak voor dat een onderdeel wordt uitgeschakeld door het kort te sluiten. Zo maakt een trein kortsluiting tussen de beide rails, waardoor in het beveiligingscircuit een relais afvalt en de trein gedetecteerd wordt. Het spreekt voor zich dat hierbij maatregelen nodig zijn om de stroomsterkte te beperken. </p><p>Een ander voorbeeld is een <a href="/wiki/Telefoontoestel" title="Telefoontoestel">telefoontoestel</a>. Op de telefoonlijn staat een vrij hoge spanning van ongeveer 50 V. Wordt de hoorn van het toestel opgenomen, dan ontstaat er een kortsluiting, want het toestel heeft met opgenomen hoorn een lage weerstand. Er gaat een stroom lopen en de spanning over de lijn daalt. Dit wordt in de <a href="/wiki/Telefooncentrale" title="Telefooncentrale">telefooncentrale</a> gedetecteerd. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Definitie">Definitie</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kortsluiting&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Bewerk dit kopje: Definitie" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kortsluiting&action=edit&section=1" title="De broncode bewerken van de sectie: Definitie"><span>brontekst bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Elektrische stroom volgt de weg van de minste <a href="/wiki/Elektrische_weerstand_(eigenschap)" title="Elektrische weerstand (eigenschap)">weerstand</a>. Volgens de <a href="/wiki/Wet_van_Ohm" title="Wet van Ohm">wet van Ohm</a> geldt dat de totale stroomsterkte kleiner is naarmate de equivalente weerstand van het gehele circuit, of een deel daarvan, toeneemt. De spanning tussen de twee polen van een elektrisch netwerk met <a href="/wiki/Spanningsbron" title="Spanningsbron">spanningsbronnen</a>, <a href="/wiki/Stroombron" title="Stroombron">stroombronnen</a> en <a href="/wiki/Weerstand_(component)" title="Weerstand (component)">weerstanden</a> is volgens de <a href="/wiki/Stelling_van_Th%C3%A9venin" title="Stelling van Thévenin">stelling van Thévenin</a> gelijk aan een spanningsbron met een weerstand in <a href="/wiki/Serieschakeling" title="Serieschakeling">serie</a>. De equivalente weerstand tussen twee punten in een circuit bepaalt derhalve of er tussen die twee punten een stroom kan lopen en zo ja, hoeveel. De weerstand in de verschillende delen van een elektrisch netwerk is daarom meestal zo ingericht dat de stroom loopt via de paden die daarvoor zijn bedoeld. De stroom wordt dan als het ware door de onderlinge verschillen in weerstand 'in goede banen geleid'. </p><p>Bij kortsluiting ontstaat er een nieuwe verbinding tussen twee punten in <a href="/wiki/Parallelschakeling" title="Parallelschakeling">parallelschakeling</a> met de rest van het elektrisch circuit, waarvan de weerstand (veel) lager is dan de equivalente weerstand van het overige circuit. Hierdoor zal naar verhouding veel meer stroom door deze nieuwe verbinding gaan lopen, en omdat het een parallelschakeling betreft wordt bovendien de equivalente weerstand van het hele circuit veel lager. Als gevolg hiervan kan de stroomsterkte tussen de twee polen van de spanningsbron erg hoog worden, wat weer een sterke warmteontwikkeling veroorzaakt. Deze warmte kan de draden doen doorsmelten, en alles wat in contact komt met de draden, zoals het isolatiemateriaal, kan in <a href="/wiki/Brand_(vuur)" title="Brand (vuur)">brand</a> vliegen. </p><p>Kortsluiting vindt plaats als twee polen van dezelfde stroombron elkaar raken, omdat er bij dat contact geen elektrische weerstand meer tussen de twee polen is. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Ontstaan_en_gevolgen">Ontstaan en gevolgen</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kortsluiting&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Bewerk dit kopje: Ontstaan en gevolgen" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kortsluiting&action=edit&section=2" title="De broncode bewerken van de sectie: Ontstaan en gevolgen"><span>brontekst bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Stroomdraden zijn over het algemeen geïsoleerd door een kunststof mantel. De draden in een <a href="/wiki/Transformator" title="Transformator">transformator</a> hebben een beschermingslaag van <a href="/wiki/Email_(glazuur)" title="Email (glazuur)">email</a> of <a href="/wiki/Schellak" title="Schellak">schellak</a>. Als deze isolatie rondom de stroomdraden beschadigd raakt, dan kunnen de draden contact met elkaar maken, waardoor er een stroom gaat lopen. Bij direct contact zal er een grote stroom lopen, maar het contact kan ook lopen via een vochtig materiaal, of via een <a href="/wiki/Oxidatie" title="Oxidatie">oxidatielaag</a>. In dat laatste geval zal er geen grote stroom lopen, maar er ontstaat wel warmteontwikkeling die brand tot gevolg kan hebben. <a href="/wiki/Kortsluitingen_in_hoog-_en_laagspanningsnetten" title="Kortsluitingen in hoog- en laagspanningsnetten">Kortsluitingen in hoog- en laagspanningsnetten</a> kunnen brand veroorzaken. </p><p>Bij draden in bijvoorbeeld een <a href="/wiki/Auto" title="Auto">auto</a>, <a href="/wiki/Vliegtuig" title="Vliegtuig">vliegtuig</a> of <a href="/wiki/Onderzeeboot" title="Onderzeeboot">onderzeeboot</a> kan de isolatie beschadigd raken als deze tegen een scherpe rand ligt of aan een te hoge temperatuur wordt blootgesteld. </p><p>Bovengrondse <a href="/wiki/Hoogspanningsleiding" title="Hoogspanningsleiding">hoogspanningsleidingen</a> en <a href="/wiki/Telefonie" title="Telefonie">telefoondraden</a> zijn niet geïsoleerd en kunnen in heftige stormen en <a href="/wiki/Tornado_(wervelwind)" title="Tornado (wervelwind)">tornado's</a> onbedoeld met elkaar in aanraking komen waardoor er ook kortsluiting ontstaat. Op filmbeelden van tornado's is soms een imposant vuurwerk te zien als dit plaatsvindt. </p><p>Kortsluiting kan ook ontstaan door een voorwerp dat in meer of mindere mate stroom geleidt, bijvoorbeeld een stuk metaal, water of een dier. </p><p>Bij onvoldoende beveiliging kan de kortsluitstroom zo groot zijn dat veel warmte en vonken of zelfs een vlamboog ontstaan, net als bij elektrisch <a href="/wiki/Lassen" title="Lassen">lassen</a>, met het risico van brand. De warmte die ontstaat in koperbanen op een <a href="/wiki/Printplaat" title="Printplaat">printplaat</a> kan de koperbaan doen verdampen. Kortsluitingen op het lichtnet kunnen worden voorkomen met een installatieautomaat of smeltveiligheid. Ontstaat er kortsluiting en is er geen goede beveiliging, dan zal er onmiddellijk brand ontstaan door de hoge kortsluitstromen in de leidingen waar de sluiting zit. </p><p>Sommige <a href="/wiki/Batterij_(elektrisch)" title="Batterij (elektrisch)">batterijen</a> kunnen ontploffen als ze door kortsluiting te veel stroom moeten leveren. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Beveiliging">Beveiliging</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kortsluiting&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Bewerk dit kopje: Beveiliging" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kortsluiting&action=edit&section=3" title="De broncode bewerken van de sectie: Beveiliging"><span>brontekst bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Een eenvoudige beveiliging is een zekering. Dat kan een <a href="/wiki/Smeltveiligheid" title="Smeltveiligheid">smeltveiligheid</a> zijn, een mechanische zekering, of een elektronische zekering. Dat is voor huiselijk gebruik in een <a href="/wiki/Meterkast" title="Meterkast">meterkast</a> tegenwoordig een <a href="/wiki/Installatieautomaat" title="Installatieautomaat">installatieautomaat</a>. De in een <a href="/wiki/Elektrische_installatie" title="Elektrische installatie">elektrische installatie</a> aanwezige <a href="/wiki/Aardlekschakelaar" title="Aardlekschakelaar">aardlekschakelaar</a> biedt vooral mensen bescherming tegen elektrische schokken, wanneer een persoon kortsluiting maakt tussen een apparaat en <a href="/wiki/Aarde_(elektriciteit)" title="Aarde (elektriciteit)">aarde</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Muzikale_toepassing">Muzikale toepassing</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kortsluiting&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Bewerk dit kopje: Muzikale toepassing" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kortsluiting&action=edit&section=4" title="De broncode bewerken van de sectie: Muzikale toepassing"><span>brontekst bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Een <a href="/wiki/Extended_techniek" class="mw-redirect" title="Extended techniek">alternatieve muzikale techniek</a> is het zogenaamde <a href="/wiki/Circuit_bending" title="Circuit bending">circuit bending</a>. Hierbij soldeert men bewust onderdelen in elektrische componenten aan elkaar om kortsluiting te veroorzaken om daarmee <a href="/wiki/Terugkoppeling" title="Terugkoppeling">terugkoppeling</a> te genereren met een <a href="/wiki/Aleatorische_muziek" title="Aleatorische muziek">gewenst onverwacht geluid</a>. Men kan dit ook doen door <a href="/wiki/Effectpedaal" title="Effectpedaal">effectapparatuur</a> aan elkaar te verbinden met snoeren. Door het geluid op plaatsen in het kortgesloten systeem af te tappen, ontstaan er nieuwe klanken uit het circuit. Deze techniek is niet ongevaarlijk en vereist enige kennis over elektriciteit. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Overige">Overige</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kortsluiting&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Bewerk dit kopje: Overige" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kortsluiting&action=edit&section=5" title="De broncode bewerken van de sectie: Overige"><span>brontekst bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Akoestische_kortsluiting" title="Akoestische kortsluiting">Akoestische kortsluiting</a> kan voorkomen wanneer de lucht aan de voorkant van de luidsprekerconus en de lucht aan de achterkant ervan direct met elkaar in verbinding staan.</li> <li>Er is een gelijknamige hoorspel <a href="/wiki/Kortsluiting_(hoorspel)" title="Kortsluiting (hoorspel)">Kortsluiting</a>.</li></ul>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?useformat=desktop&type=1x1&usesul3=0" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Overgenomen van "<a dir="ltr" href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Kortsluiting&oldid=68056004">https://nl.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Kortsluiting&oldid=68056004</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Categorie:Alles" title="Categorie:Alles">Categorie</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Categorie:Elektriciteit" title="Categorie:Elektriciteit">Elektriciteit</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> Deze pagina is voor het laatst bewerkt op 2 sep 2024 om 09:32.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">De tekst is beschikbaar onder de licentie <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.nl">Creative Commons Naamsvermelding/Gelijk delen</a>, er kunnen aanvullende voorwaarden van toepassing zijn. 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