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.infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox biography vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size:125%;"><div class="fn">Raymond Dingledine</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Ray_cropped-1.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Ray_cropped-1.jpg/220px-Ray_cropped-1.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="231" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Ray_cropped-1.jpg/330px-Ray_cropped-1.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Ray_cropped-1.jpg/440px-Ray_cropped-1.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1506" data-file-height="1578" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Born</th><td class="infobox-data"><span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday">1948-12-17</span>) </span>December 17, 1948<span class="noprint ForceAgeToShow"> (age 75)</span><br /><div style="display:inline" class="birthplace"><a href="/wiki/Celina,_Ohio" title="Celina, Ohio">Celina, Ohio</a>, U.S.</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Education</th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Michigan_State_University" title="Michigan State University">Michigan State University</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Stanford_University" title="Stanford University">Stanford University</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Occupations</th><td class="infobox-data role"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li:last-child::after{content:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:first-child::before{content:" (";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:last-child::after{content:")";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol{counter-reset:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li{counter-increment:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li::before{content:" "counter(listitem)"\a0 "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li ol>li:first-child::before{content:" ("counter(listitem)"\a0 "}</style><div class="hlist"><ul><li>Pharmacologist</li><li>neurobiologist</li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Known for</th><td class="infobox-data">Glutamate receptor biology; neuroinflammation</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Children</th><td class="infobox-data">2, including <a href="/wiki/Roger_Dingledine" title="Roger Dingledine">Roger</a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"><b>Medical career</b></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Field</th><td class="infobox-data category">Neuroscience, Neurology</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Institutions</th><td class="infobox-data org"><a href="/wiki/Emory_University_School_of_Medicine" title="Emory University School of Medicine">Emory University School of Medicine</a></td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Raymond J Dingledine</b> (born December 17, 1948) is an American pharmacologist and <a href="/wiki/Neurobiologist" class="mw-redirect" title="Neurobiologist">neurobiologist</a> who has made considerable contributions to the field of <a href="/wiki/Epilepsy" title="Epilepsy">epilepsy</a>. He serves as Professor in the <a href="/wiki/Emory_University_School_of_Medicine" title="Emory University School of Medicine">School of Medicine at Emory University</a>, Atlanta GA, where he chaired the pharmacology department for 25 years and served as Executive Associate Dean of Research for 10 years.<sup id="cite_ref-Medical_school_website_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Medical_school_website-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Education">Education</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Raymond_Dingledine&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Education"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Dingledine grew up in <a href="/wiki/St._Marys,_Ohio" title="St. Marys, Ohio">St. Marys, Ohio</a>, a small town bordering <a href="/wiki/Grand_Lake_St._Marys_State_Park" title="Grand Lake St. Marys State Park">Grand Lake St. Marys</a>. He graduated from <a href="/wiki/Michigan_State_University" title="Michigan State University">Michigan State University</a> with a B.S. in biochemistry in 1971, and from <a href="/wiki/Stanford_University" title="Stanford University">Stanford University</a> with a PhD in pharmacology in 1975. His PhD training was under <a href="/wiki/Avram_Goldstein" title="Avram Goldstein">Avram Goldstein</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-nature_interview_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nature_interview-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He then did postdoctoral stints with John Kelly and <a href="/wiki/Leslie_Iversen" title="Leslie Iversen">Leslie Iversen</a> in <a href="/wiki/Cambridge" title="Cambridge">Cambridge UK</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Per_Andersen" title="Per Andersen">Per Andersen</a> in <a href="/wiki/Oslo" title="Oslo">Oslo Norway</a>. It was in Per’s lab, working with Leif Gjerstad and Iver Langmoen, that he developed a lifelong interest in <a href="/wiki/Epilepsy" title="Epilepsy">epilepsy</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-nature_interview_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nature_interview-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Career">Career</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Raymond_Dingledine&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Career"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Dingledine joined the Department of Pharmacology at the <a href="/wiki/University_of_North_Carolina_Chapel_Hill" class="mw-redirect" title="University of North Carolina Chapel Hill">University of North Carolina Chapel Hill</a> in 1978 as an Assistant Professor, rising to full Professor by 1989. Shortly after a sabbatical year at the <a href="/wiki/Salk_Institute" class="mw-redirect" title="Salk Institute">Salk Institute</a> in Steve Heinemann’s lab, he joined Emory University in 1992 as Chair of the Department of Pharmacology, a job he held until 2017. He also served as Executive Associate Dean of Research in the School of Medicine from 2004-2005 and 2008–2015.<sup id="cite_ref-Medical_school_website_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Medical_school_website-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>He has served in professional science-intensive organizations throughout his career. He served on the Program Advisory Committee of the <a href="/wiki/Morehouse_School_of_Medicine" title="Morehouse School of Medicine">Morehouse School of Medicine</a> Neuroscience Institute from its inception in 1997 through 2021, chairing this committee for 14 years. He served the <a href="/wiki/Society_for_Neuroscience" title="Society for Neuroscience">Society for Neuroscience</a> in numerous functions including Treasurer in 2003 and, most recently, as Chair of their Investment Committee for 15 years. At the <a href="/wiki/American_Epilepsy_Society" title="American Epilepsy Society">American Epilepsy Society</a> he chaired the Epilepsy Benchmark Stewards from 2017-2018. From 1995 to 2000, he served as editor-in-chief of <a href="/wiki/Molecular_Pharmacology" title="Molecular Pharmacology">Molecular Pharmacology</a>, a major journal sponsored by the <a href="/wiki/American_Society_for_Pharmacology_and_Experimental_Therapeutics" title="American Society for Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics">American Society for Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics</a>. Dingledine co-founded two small pharma companies. NeurOp Inc was founded in 2003 and is currently a clinical-stage company focused on developing <a href="/wiki/NMDA_receptor" title="NMDA receptor">NMDA receptor</a> modulators for <a href="/wiki/Cerebral_ischemia" class="mw-redirect" title="Cerebral ischemia">cerebral ischemia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pain" title="Pain">pain</a> and <a href="/wiki/Depression_(mood)" title="Depression (mood)">depression</a>. He serves on NeurOp’s Board of Directors and Scientific Advisory Board.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Pyrefin Inc was founded in 2019 to develop novel anti-inflammatory drugs to combat cognitive decline and post-operative pain; he chairs Pyrefin’s Board of Directors.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He is an inventor of record for 10 awarded US patents. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Research_and_work">Research and work</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Raymond_Dingledine&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Research and work"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>His early research focused on the modulation of <a href="/wiki/Glutamate_receptor" title="Glutamate receptor">glutamate receptor</a>-mediated <a href="/wiki/Neurotransmission" title="Neurotransmission">synaptic transmission</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> During this period he and his team discovered that <a href="/wiki/Glycine" title="Glycine">glycine</a> is a coagonist rather than modulator of <a href="/wiki/NMDA_receptor" title="NMDA receptor">NMDA receptors</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> that shrinkage of extracellular space mediates the transition between interictal and ictal states in the high potassium model of seizures,<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> that a single amino acid residue controls calcium permeation in glutamate receptor channels,<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and that <a href="/wiki/Ifenprodil" title="Ifenprodil">ifenprodil</a> analogs inhibit NMDA receptors by increasing the sensitivity of receptors to proton inhibition.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> His current research focuses on the myriad roles of <a href="/wiki/Neuroinflammation" title="Neuroinflammation">neuroinflammation</a> in neurologic disorders.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He demonstrated a profound role for <a href="/wiki/Prostaglandin_E2_receptor" title="Prostaglandin E2 receptor">EP2 receptor</a> activation by prostaglandin E2 in <a href="/wiki/Prostaglandin-endoperoxide_synthase_2" class="mw-redirect" title="Prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2">COX-2</a> related pathologies.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> His work highlights the importance of neuroinflammation in epilepsy. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Awards_and_honors">Awards and honors</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Raymond_Dingledine&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Awards and honors"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Dingledine was elected to the US <a href="/wiki/National_Academy_of_Medicine" title="National Academy of Medicine">National Academy of Medicine</a> in 2010,<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> the <a href="/wiki/Norwegian_Academy_of_Science_and_Letters" title="Norwegian Academy of Science and Letters">Norwegian Academy of Science and Letters</a> in 2018,<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and the <a href="/wiki/National_Academy_of_Inventors" title="National Academy of Inventors">National Academy of Inventors</a> in 2022.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He was elected as a <a href="/wiki/American_Association_for_the_Advancement_of_Science" title="American Association for the Advancement of Science">Fellow of the American Association for Advancement of Science</a> in 2003, and a Fellow of the <a href="/wiki/American_Society_for_Pharmacology_and_Experimental_Therapeutics" title="American Society for Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics">American Society for Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics</a> in 2020.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> His early career was profiled in <a href="/wiki/Nature_Medicine" title="Nature Medicine">Nature Medicine</a> in 2002.<sup id="cite_ref-nature_interview_2-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nature_interview-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He received the Bristol-Myers Squibb Neuroscience Award in 1989 and again in 1993, the epilepsy basic research award from the <a href="/wiki/American_Epilepsy_Society" title="American Epilepsy Society">American Epilepsy Society</a> in 1995, a Javits Neuroscience Award from the <a href="/wiki/National_Institute_of_Neurological_Disorders_and_Stroke" title="National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke">National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke</a> in 1998, the PhRMA Foundation Career Award in Excellence in 1999, the Robert R Ruffolo Career Achievement Award from the American Society of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics in 2018.<sup id="cite_ref-Ruffolo_award_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ruffolo_award-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>, and the Julius Axelrod Prize from the Society for Neuroscience in 2023. Two endowed prizes have been established in his name, the Ray Dingledine Award for Extraordinary Graduate Achievement in 2018,<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and the Ray Dingledine award for research impact in 2020. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Personal_life">Personal life</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Raymond_Dingledine&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Personal life"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Dingledine is married to Sherry Edwards and has two sons, Brian and <a href="/wiki/Roger_Dingledine" title="Roger Dingledine">Roger</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Publications">Publications</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Raymond_Dingledine&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Publications"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Selected_papers">Selected papers</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Raymond_Dingledine&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Selected papers"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFKlecknerDingledine1988" class="citation journal cs1">Kleckner, NW; Dingledine, R (12 August 1988). "Requirement for glycine in activation of NMDA-receptors expressed in Xenopus oocytes". <i>Science</i>. <b>241</b> (4867): 835–7. <a href="/wiki/Bibcode_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bibcode (identifier)">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1988Sci...241..835K">1988Sci...241..835K</a>. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1126%2Fscience.2841759">10.1126/science.2841759</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/2841759">2841759</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Science&rft.atitle=Requirement+for+glycine+in+activation+of+NMDA-receptors+expressed+in+Xenopus+oocytes.&rft.volume=241&rft.issue=4867&rft.pages=835-7&rft.date=1988-08-12&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F2841759&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1126%2Fscience.2841759&rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F1988Sci...241..835K&rft.aulast=Kleckner&rft.aufirst=NW&rft.au=Dingledine%2C+R&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARaymond+Dingledine" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMcBainTraynelisDingledine1990" class="citation journal cs1">McBain, CJ; Traynelis, SF; Dingledine, R (10 August 1990). "Regional variation of extracellular space in the hippocampus". <i>Science</i>. <b>249</b> (4969): 674–7. <a href="/wiki/Bibcode_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bibcode (identifier)">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1990Sci...249..674M">1990Sci...249..674M</a>. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1126%2Fscience.2382142">10.1126/science.2382142</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/2382142">2382142</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Science&rft.atitle=Regional+variation+of+extracellular+space+in+the+hippocampus.&rft.volume=249&rft.issue=4969&rft.pages=674-7&rft.date=1990-08-10&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F2382142&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1126%2Fscience.2382142&rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F1990Sci...249..674M&rft.aulast=McBain&rft.aufirst=CJ&rft.au=Traynelis%2C+SF&rft.au=Dingledine%2C+R&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARaymond+Dingledine" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBennettDingledine1995" class="citation journal cs1">Bennett, JA; Dingledine, R (February 1995). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2F0896-6273%2895%2990293-7">"Topology profile for a glutamate receptor: three transmembrane domains and a channel-lining reentrant membrane loop"</a>. <i>Neuron</i>. <b>14</b> (2): 373–84. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2F0896-6273%2895%2990293-7">10.1016/0896-6273(95)90293-7</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/7857646">7857646</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:15620279">15620279</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Neuron&rft.atitle=Topology+profile+for+a+glutamate+receptor%3A+three+transmembrane+domains+and+a+channel-lining+reentrant+membrane+loop.&rft.volume=14&rft.issue=2&rft.pages=373-84&rft.date=1995-02&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A15620279%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F7857646&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1016%2F0896-6273%2895%2990293-7&rft.aulast=Bennett&rft.aufirst=JA&rft.au=Dingledine%2C+R&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdoi.org%2F10.1016%252F0896-6273%252895%252990293-7&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARaymond+Dingledine" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLaezzaDohertyDingledine1999" class="citation journal cs1">Laezza, F; Doherty, JJ; Dingledine, R (27 August 1999). "Long-term depression in hippocampal interneurons: joint requirement for pre- and postsynaptic events". <i>Science</i>. <b>285</b> (5432): 1411–4. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1126%2Fscience.285.5432.1411">10.1126/science.285.5432.1411</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10464102">10464102</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Science&rft.atitle=Long-term+depression+in+hippocampal+interneurons%3A+joint+requirement+for+pre-+and+postsynaptic+events.&rft.volume=285&rft.issue=5432&rft.pages=1411-4&rft.date=1999-08-27&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1126%2Fscience.285.5432.1411&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F10464102&rft.aulast=Laezza&rft.aufirst=F&rft.au=Doherty%2C+JJ&rft.au=Dingledine%2C+R&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARaymond+Dingledine" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHuangMyersDingledine1999" class="citation journal cs1">Huang, Y; Myers, SJ; Dingledine, R (October 1999). "Transcriptional repression by REST: recruitment of Sin3A and histone deacetylase to neuronal genes". <i>Nature Neuroscience</i>. <b>2</b> (10): 867–72. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1038%2F13165">10.1038/13165</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10491605">10491605</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:25697585">25697585</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Nature+Neuroscience&rft.atitle=Transcriptional+repression+by+REST%3A+recruitment+of+Sin3A+and+histone+deacetylase+to+neuronal+genes.&rft.volume=2&rft.issue=10&rft.pages=867-72&rft.date=1999-10&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A25697585%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F10491605&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1038%2F13165&rft.aulast=Huang&rft.aufirst=Y&rft.au=Myers%2C+SJ&rft.au=Dingledine%2C+R&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARaymond+Dingledine" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSerranoLelutiuRojasCochi2011" class="citation journal cs1">Serrano, GE; Lelutiu, N; Rojas, A; Cochi, S; Shaw, R; Makinson, CD; Wang, D; FitzGerald, GA; Dingledine, R (19 October 2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4126152">"Ablation of cyclooxygenase-2 in forebrain neurons is neuroprotective and dampens brain inflammation after status epilepticus"</a>. <i>The Journal of Neuroscience</i>. <b>31</b> (42): 14850–60. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1523%2FJNEUROSCI.3922-11.2011">10.1523/JNEUROSCI.3922-11.2011</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMC (identifier)">PMC</a> <span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4126152">4126152</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22016518">22016518</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Journal+of+Neuroscience&rft.atitle=Ablation+of+cyclooxygenase-2+in+forebrain+neurons+is+neuroprotective+and+dampens+brain+inflammation+after+status+epilepticus.&rft.volume=31&rft.issue=42&rft.pages=14850-60&rft.date=2011-10-19&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC4126152%23id-name%3DPMC&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F22016518&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1523%2FJNEUROSCI.3922-11.2011&rft.aulast=Serrano&rft.aufirst=GE&rft.au=Lelutiu%2C+N&rft.au=Rojas%2C+A&rft.au=Cochi%2C+S&rft.au=Shaw%2C+R&rft.au=Makinson%2C+CD&rft.au=Wang%2C+D&rft.au=FitzGerald%2C+GA&rft.au=Dingledine%2C+R&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC4126152&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARaymond+Dingledine" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJiangQuanGaneshPouliot2013" class="citation journal cs1">Jiang, J; 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