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class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Leptostraca</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 23 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-23" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">23 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leptostracis" title="Leptostracis – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Leptostracis" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leptostraca" title="Leptostraca – Cebuano" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Leptostraca" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="Cebuano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leptostraca" title="Leptostraca – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Leptostraca" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nv mw-list-item"><a href="https://nv.wikipedia.org/wiki/T%C3%A1yi%CA%BC_naat%CA%BCi%CA%BC%C3%AD_bin%C3%A1%C3%A1%CA%BC_h%C3%B3l%C3%B3n%C3%ADg%C3%AD%C3%AD" title="Táyiʼ naatʼiʼí binááʼ hólónígíí – Navajo" lang="nv" hreflang="nv" data-title="Táyiʼ naatʼiʼí binááʼ hólónígíí" data-language-autonym="Diné bizaad" data-language-local-name="Navajo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Diné bizaad</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leptostraca" title="Leptostraca – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Leptostraca" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leptostraca" title="Leptostraca – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Leptostraca" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leptostr%C3%A1ceos" title="Leptostráceos – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Leptostráceos" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%B0%95%EA%B0%91%EB%AA%A9" title="박갑목 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="박갑목" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leptostraca" title="Leptostraca – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Leptostraca" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pl%C4%81n%C4%8Dau%C4%BCi" title="Plānčauļi – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Plānčauļi" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leptostraca" title="Leptostraca – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Leptostraca" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%A8%D8%AA%D9%88%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%83%D8%A7" title="ليبتوستراكا – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="ليبتوستراكا" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leptostraca" title="Leptostraca – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Leptostraca" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cienkopancerzowce" title="Cienkopancerzowce – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Cienkopancerzowce" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B5" title="Тонкопанцирные – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Тонкопанцирные" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leptostraki" title="Leptostraki – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Leptostraki" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leptostraca" title="Leptostraca – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Leptostraca" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nebalia" title="Nebalia – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Nebalia" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leptostraca" title="Leptostraca – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Leptostraca" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%BD%D1%96" title="Тонкопанцирні – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Тонкопанцирні" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/B%E1%BB%99_Gi%C3%A1p_m%E1%BB%8Fng" title="Bộ Giáp mỏng – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Bộ Giáp mỏng" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leptostraca" title="Leptostraca – Waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Leptostraca" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="Waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%8B%AD%E7%94%B2%E7%9B%AE" title="狭甲目 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="狭甲目" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q127044#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu 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searchaux" style="display:none">Extant order of crustaceans</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <table class="infobox biota" style="text-align: left; width: 200px; font-size: 100%"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="2" style="color:inherit; text-align: center; background-color: rgb(235,235,210)">Leptostraca<br /><div style="font-size: 85%;">Temporal range: <span class="noprint"><span style="display:inline-block;"></span><span style="display:inline-block;">Cambrian–Recent</span> <span style="display:inline-block;"></span><div id="Timeline-row" style="margin: 4px auto 0; clear:both; width:220px; padding:0px; height:18px; overflow:visible; white-space:nowrap; border:1px #666; border-style:solid none; position:relative; z-index:0; font-size:97%;"> <div style="position:absolute; height:100%; left:0px; width:207.23076923077px; padding-left:5px; text-align:left; background-color:rgb(254,217,106); background-image: linear-gradient(to right, rgba(255,255,255,1), rgba(254,217,106,1) 15%, rgba(254,217,106,1));"><a href="/wiki/Precambrian" title="Precambrian">PreꞒ</a></div> <div style="position:absolute; height:100%; text-align:center; background-color:rgb(127,160,86); left:37.636923076923px; width:18.073846153846px;"><a href="/wiki/Cambrian" title="Cambrian">Ꞓ</a></div> <div style="position:absolute; height:100%; text-align:center; background-color:rgb(0,146,112); left:55.710769230769px; width:14.08px;"><a href="/wiki/Ordovician" title="Ordovician">O</a></div> <div style="position:absolute; height:100%; text-align:center; background-color:rgb(179,225,182); left:69.790769230769px; width:8.3261538461539px;"><a href="/wiki/Silurian" title="Silurian">S</a></div> <div style="position:absolute; height:100%; text-align:center; background-color:rgb(203,140,55); left:78.116923076923px; width:20.409230769231px;"><a href="/wiki/Devonian" title="Devonian">D</a></div> <div style="position:absolute; height:100%; text-align:center; background-color:rgb(103,165,153); left:98.526153846154px; width:20.307692307692px;"><a href="/wiki/Carboniferous" title="Carboniferous">C</a></div> <div style="position:absolute; height:100%; text-align:center; background-color:rgb(240,64,40); left:118.83384615385px; width:15.907015384615px;"><a href="/wiki/Permian" title="Permian">P</a></div> <div style="position:absolute; height:100%; text-align:center; background-color:rgb(129,43,146); left:134.74086153846px; width:17.092984615385px;"><a href="/wiki/Triassic" title="Triassic">T</a></div> <div style="position:absolute; height:100%; text-align:center; background-color:rgb(52,178,201); left:151.83384615385px; width:19.089230769231px;"><a href="/wiki/Jurassic" title="Jurassic">J</a></div> <div style="position:absolute; height:100%; text-align:center; background-color:rgb(127,198,78); left:170.92307692308px; width:26.738461538462px;"><a href="/wiki/Cretaceous" title="Cretaceous">K</a></div> <div style="position:absolute; height:100%; text-align:center; background-color:rgb(253,154,82); left:197.66153846154px; width:14.543692307692px;"><a href="/wiki/Paleogene" title="Paleogene">Pg</a></div> <div style="position:absolute; height:100%; text-align:center; background-color:rgb(255,230,25); left:212.20523076923px; width:6.9215384615385px;"><a href="/wiki/Neogene" title="Neogene">N</a></div> <div id="end-border" style="position:absolute; height:100%; background-color:#666; width:1px; left:219px"></div><div style="margin:0 auto; line-height:0; clear:both; width:220px; padding:0px; height:8px; overflow:visible; background-color:transparent; position:relative; top:-4px; z-index:100;"><div style="position:absolute; height:8px; left:37.636923076923px; width:182.36307692308px; background-color:#360; opacity:0.42;"></div> <div style="position:absolute; height:8px; left:37.636923076923px; width:182.36307692308px; background-color:#360; opacity:1;"></div> <div style="position:absolute; height:6px; top:1px; left:38.636923076923px; width:180.36307692308px; background-color:#6c3;"></div> </div> </div></span></div> </th></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Nebalia_bipes.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/57/Nebalia_bipes.jpg/220px-Nebalia_bipes.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/57/Nebalia_bipes.jpg/330px-Nebalia_bipes.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/57/Nebalia_bipes.jpg/440px-Nebalia_bipes.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1289" data-file-height="966" /></a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; font-size: 88%"><i><a href="/wiki/Nebalia_bipes" title="Nebalia bipes">Nebalia bipes</a></i> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="2" style="color:inherit; min-width:15em; text-align: center; background-color: rgb(235,235,210)"><a href="/wiki/Taxonomy_(biology)" title="Taxonomy (biology)">Scientific classification</a> <span class="plainlinks taxobox-edit-taxonomy skin-invert" style="font-size:smaller; float:right; padding-right:0.4em; margin-left:-3em;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Template:Taxonomy/Leptostraca" title="Edit this classification"><img alt="Edit this classification" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg/23px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg/30px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></span> </th></tr> <tr> <td>Domain: </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Eukaryote" title="Eukaryote">Eukaryota</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Kingdom: </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Animal" title="Animal">Animalia</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Phylum: </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Arthropod" title="Arthropod">Arthropoda</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Class: </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Malacostraca" title="Malacostraca">Malacostraca</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Subclass: </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Phyllocarida" title="Phyllocarida">Phyllocarida</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Order: </td> <td><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Leptostraca</a><br /><small><a href="/wiki/Carl_Friedrich_Wilhelm_Claus" title="Carl Friedrich Wilhelm Claus">Claus</a>, 1880 <sup id="cite_ref-ITIS_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ITIS-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></small> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="2" style="color:inherit; text-align: center; background-color: rgb(235,235,210)"><a href="/wiki/Family_(biology)" title="Family (biology)">Families</a> <sup id="cite_ref-key_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-key-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </th></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: left"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Nebaliidae" title="Nebaliidae">Nebaliidae</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nebaliopsididae" title="Nebaliopsididae">Nebaliopsididae</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paranebaliidae" title="Paranebaliidae">Paranebaliidae</a></li> <li>† <a href="/wiki/Rhabdouraeidae" class="mw-redirect" title="Rhabdouraeidae">Rhabdouraeidae</a></li></ul> </td></tr> </tbody></table><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238732961">@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox.biota tr{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox.biota img{background:transparent}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox.biota tr{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox.biota img{background:white}}.mw-parser-output .infobox.biota .taxobox-edit-taxonomy img{background:transparent!important}body.skin-vector .mw-parser-output table.biota.infobox{margin-top:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output table.biota.infobox tr.taxonrow td{padding:2px 10px}</style> <p><b>Leptostraca</b> (from the <a href="/wiki/Greek_language" title="Greek language">Greek</a> words for <i>thin</i> and <i>shell</i>)<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> is an <a href="/wiki/Order_(biology)" title="Order (biology)">order</a> of small, marine <a href="/wiki/Crustacean" title="Crustacean">crustaceans</a>. Its members, including the well-studied <i><a href="/wiki/Nebalia" title="Nebalia">Nebalia</a></i>, occur throughout the world's oceans and are usually considered to be <a href="/wiki/Filter_feeder" title="Filter feeder">filter-feeders</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Lowry_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Lowry-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It is the only extant order in the <a href="/wiki/Class_(biology)" title="Class (biology)">subclass</a> <a href="/wiki/Phyllocarida" title="Phyllocarida">Phyllocarida</a>. They are believed to represent the most primitive members of their class, the <a href="/wiki/Malacostraca" title="Malacostraca">Malacostraca</a>, and first appear in the <a href="/wiki/Fossil_record" class="mw-redirect" title="Fossil record">fossil record</a> during the <a href="/wiki/Cambrian" title="Cambrian">Cambrian</a> period.<sup id="cite_ref-IZ_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-IZ-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Description">Description</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Leptostraca&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Description"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Nebalia.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Nebalia.svg/220px-Nebalia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="124" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Nebalia.svg/330px-Nebalia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Nebalia.svg/440px-Nebalia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="450" /></a><figcaption>Diagram of <i>Nebalia reboredae</i><sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> showing the major features of the external anatomy: <b>1</b>: antennule; <b>2</b>: rostrum; <b>3</b>: carapace; <b>4</b>: abdomen / pleon; <b>5</b>: furca; <b>6</b>: telson; <b>7</b>: pleopods; <b>8</b>: antenna; <b>9</b>: thoracopods; <b>10</b>: eye</figcaption></figure> <p>Leptostracans are usually small, typically 5 to 15 millimetres (0.2 to 0.6 in) long,<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> but the largest species (<a href="/wiki/Nebaliopsis" title="Nebaliopsis">Nebaliopsis typica</a>) can reach 4 cm, and the <a href="/wiki/Silurian" title="Silurian">Silurian</a> <a href="/wiki/Ceratiocaris" title="Ceratiocaris">Ceratiocaris</a> could grow to 75 cm.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> They are distinguished from all other members of their class in having seven <a href="/wiki/Abdomen" title="Abdomen">abdominal</a> segments, instead of six. Their head has stalked <a href="/wiki/Compound_eye" title="Compound eye">compound eyes</a>, two pairs of <a href="/wiki/Antenna_(biology)" title="Antenna (biology)">antennae</a> (one <a href="/wiki/Biramous" class="mw-redirect" title="Biramous">biramous</a>, one <a href="/wiki/Uniramous" class="mw-redirect" title="Uniramous">uniramous</a>), and a pair of <a href="/wiki/Mandible_(arthropod_mouthpart)" title="Mandible (arthropod mouthpart)">mandibles</a> but no <a href="/wiki/Maxilliped" class="mw-redirect" title="Maxilliped">maxillipeds</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Lowry_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Lowry-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> They are the only <a href="/wiki/Malacostraca" title="Malacostraca">malacostracans</a> with a <a href="/wiki/Carapace" title="Carapace">carapace</a> that comprises two valves. It covers the head and the thorax, including most of the thoracic appendages, and serves as a brood pouch for the developing <a href="/wiki/Embryo" title="Embryo">embryos</a>. Its anterior tip bears a movable <a href="/wiki/Rostrum_(anatomy)" title="Rostrum (anatomy)">rostrum</a>. Also unique among malacostracans is their eight pairs of thoracic appendages which have been specialized into leaf-like filter feeding organs, and are not used for locomotion. The first six abdominal segments bear <a href="/wiki/Pleopod" class="mw-redirect" title="Pleopod">pleopods</a>, while the seventh bears a pair of caudal furcae, which may be homologous to <a href="/wiki/Uropod" title="Uropod">uropods</a> of other crustaceans.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Leptostracans have gills on their thoracic limbs, but also breathe through a respiratory membrane on the inside of the carapace. The eggs hatch as a <a href="/wiki/Postlarva" class="mw-redirect" title="Postlarva">postlarval</a>, or "manca" stage, which lacks a fully developed carapace, but otherwise resembles the adult.<sup id="cite_ref-IZ_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-IZ-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Classification">Classification</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Leptostraca&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Classification"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>It is now accepted that leptostracans belong to the <a href="/wiki/Malacostraca" title="Malacostraca">Malacostraca</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-Martin_&_Davis_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Martin_&_Davis-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and the sister <a href="/wiki/Crown_group" title="Crown group">crown group</a> to Leptostraca is <a href="/wiki/Eumalacostraca" title="Eumalacostraca">Eumalacostraca</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The Order Leptostraca is divided into three <a href="/wiki/Family_(biology)" title="Family (biology)">families</a>, with ten <a href="/wiki/Genus" title="Genus">genera</a> containing a total of around 40 validly described extant species:<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <table class="wikitable sortable"> <tbody><tr> <th>Species</th> <th>Authority</th> <th>Date</th> <th>Family</th> <th>Distribution </th></tr> <tr> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Nebaliopsis" title="Nebaliopsis">Nebaliopsis typica</a></i></td> <td><small>Sars</small></td> <td><small>1887</small></td> <td>Nebaliopsididae</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Southern_Hemisphere" title="Southern Hemisphere">Southern Hemisphere</a> <sup id="cite_ref-key_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-key-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pseudonebaliopsis_atlantica&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pseudonebaliopsis atlantica (page does not exist)">Pseudonebaliopsis atlantica</a></i></td> <td><small>Petryachov</small></td> <td><small>1996</small></td> <td>Nebaliopsididae</td> <td><a href="/wiki/North_Atlantic" class="mw-redirect" title="North Atlantic">North Atlantic</a> <sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nebalia_antarctica&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nebalia antarctica (page does not exist)">Nebalia antarctica</a></i></td> <td><small>Dahl</small></td> <td><small>1990</small></td> <td>Nebaliidae</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Antarctica" title="Antarctica">Antarctica</a> <sup id="cite_ref-key_2-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-key-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Nebalia_bipes" title="Nebalia bipes">Nebalia bipes</a></i></td> <td><small>Fabricius</small></td> <td><small>1780</small></td> <td>Nebaliidae</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Arctic_Ocean" title="Arctic Ocean">Arctic and sub-Arctic</a> <sup id="cite_ref-key_2-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-key-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nebalia_borealis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nebalia borealis (page does not exist)">Nebalia borealis</a></i></td> <td><small>Dahl</small></td> <td><small>1985</small></td> <td>Nebaliidae</td> <td>north-east <a href="/wiki/Atlantic_Ocean" title="Atlantic Ocean">Atlantic Ocean</a> <sup id="cite_ref-key_2-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-key-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nebalia_brucei&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nebalia brucei (page does not exist)">Nebalia brucei</a></i></td> <td><small>Olesen</small></td> <td><small>1999</small></td> <td>Nebaliidae</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Tanzania" title="Tanzania">Tanzania</a> <sup id="cite_ref-key_2-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-key-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nebalia_cannoni&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nebalia cannoni (page does not exist)">Nebalia cannoni</a></i></td> <td><small>Dahl</small></td> <td><small>1990</small></td> <td>Nebaliidae</td> <td><a href="/wiki/South_Georgia_Island" class="mw-redirect" title="South Georgia Island">South Georgia</a> <sup id="cite_ref-key_2-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-key-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Nebalia_capensis" class="mw-redirect" title="Nebalia capensis">Nebalia capensis</a></i></td> <td><small>Barnard</small></td> <td><small>1914</small></td> <td>Nebaliidae</td> <td><a href="/wiki/South_Africa" title="South Africa">South Africa</a> <sup id="cite_ref-key_2-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-key-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nebalia_clausi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nebalia clausi (page does not exist)">Nebalia clausi</a></i></td> <td><small>Dahl</small></td> <td><small>1985</small></td> <td>Nebaliidae</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Italy" title="Italy">Italy</a> <sup id="cite_ref-key_2-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-key-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nebalia_dahli&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nebalia dahli (page does not exist)">Nebalia dahli</a></i></td> <td><small>Kazmi & Tirmizi</small></td> <td><small>1989</small></td> <td>Nebaliidae</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Pakistan" title="Pakistan">Pakistan</a> <sup id="cite_ref-key_2-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-key-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nebalia_daytoni&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nebalia daytoni (page does not exist)">Nebalia daytoni</a></i></td> <td><small>Vetter</small></td> <td><small>1996</small></td> <td>Nebaliidae</td> <td><a href="/wiki/California" title="California">California</a> <sup id="cite_ref-key_2-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-key-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nebalia_falklandensis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nebalia falklandensis (page does not exist)">Nebalia falklandensis</a></i></td> <td><small>Dahl</small></td> <td><small>1990</small></td> <td>Nebaliidae</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Falkland_Islands" title="Falkland Islands">Falkland Islands</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nebalia_geoffroyi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nebalia geoffroyi (page does not exist)">Nebalia geoffroyi</a></i></td> <td><small>Milne-Edwards</small></td> <td><small>1828</small></td> <td>Nebaliidae</td> <td>north-east <a href="/wiki/Atlantic_Ocean" title="Atlantic Ocean">Atlantic Ocean</a> <sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nebalia_gerkenae&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nebalia gerkenae (page does not exist)">Nebalia gerkenae</a></i></td> <td><small>Haney & Martin</small></td> <td><small>2000</small></td> <td>Nebaliidae</td> <td><a href="/wiki/California" title="California">California</a> <sup id="cite_ref-key_2-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-key-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Nebalia_herbstii" title="Nebalia herbstii">Nebalia herbstii</a></i></td> <td><small>Leach</small></td> <td><small>1814</small></td> <td>Nebaliidae</td> <td>north-east <a href="/wiki/Atlantic_Ocean" title="Atlantic Ocean">Atlantic Ocean</a> <sup id="cite_ref-key_2-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-key-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nebalia_hessleri&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nebalia hessleri (page does not exist)">Nebalia hessleri</a></i></td> <td><small>Martin <i>et al.</i></small></td> <td><small>1996</small></td> <td>Nebaliidae</td> <td><a href="/wiki/California" title="California">California</a> <sup id="cite_ref-key_2-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-key-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nebalia_ilheoensis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nebalia ilheoensis (page does not exist)">Nebalia ilheoensis</a></i></td> <td><small>Kensley</small></td> <td><small>1976</small></td> <td>Nebaliidae</td> <td><a href="/wiki/South_West_Africa" title="South West Africa">south-western Africa</a> <sup id="cite_ref-key_2-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-key-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nebalia_kensleyi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nebalia kensleyi (page does not exist)">Nebalia kensleyi</a></i></td> <td><small>Haney & Martin</small></td> <td><small>2005</small></td> <td>Nebaliidae</td> <td><a href="/wiki/California" title="California">California</a> <sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nebalia_kocatasi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nebalia kocatasi (page does not exist)">Nebalia kocatasi</a></i></td> <td><small>Kocak, Moreira & Katagan</small></td> <td><small>2007</small></td> <td>Nebaliidae</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Mediterranean_Sea" title="Mediterranean Sea">Mediterranean Sea</a> <sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nebalia_koreana&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nebalia koreana (page does not exist)">Nebalia koreana</a></i></td> <td><small>Song, Moreira & Min</small></td> <td><small>2012</small></td> <td>Nebaliidae</td> <td><a href="/wiki/South_Korea" title="South Korea">South Korea</a> <sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nebalia_lagartensis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nebalia lagartensis (page does not exist)">Nebalia lagartensis</a></i></td> <td><small>Escobar & Villalobos-Hiriart</small></td> <td><small>1995</small></td> <td>Nebaliidae</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Mexico" title="Mexico">Mexico</a> <sup id="cite_ref-key_2-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-key-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nebalia_longicornis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nebalia longicornis (page does not exist)">Nebalia longicornis</a></i></td> <td><small>Thomson</small></td> <td><small>1879</small></td> <td>Nebaliidae</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Pacific_Ocean" title="Pacific Ocean">South Pacific</a>, <a href="/wiki/South_Africa" title="South Africa">South Africa</a>, <a href="/wiki/Caribbean_Sea" title="Caribbean Sea">Caribbean Sea</a> <sup id="cite_ref-key_2-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-key-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nebalia_marerubi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nebalia marerubi (page does not exist)">Nebalia marerubi</a></i></td> <td><small>Wägele</small></td> <td><small>1983</small></td> <td>Nebaliidae</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Red_Sea" title="Red Sea">Red Sea</a> <sup id="cite_ref-key_2-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-key-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nebalia_patagonica&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nebalia patagonica (page does not exist)">Nebalia patagonica</a></i></td> <td><small>Dahl</small></td> <td><small>1990</small></td> <td>Nebaliidae</td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Magellan_region&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Magellan region (page does not exist)">Magellan region</a> <sup id="cite_ref-key_2-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-key-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nebalia_schizophthalma&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nebalia schizophthalma (page does not exist)">Nebalia schizophthalma</a></i></td> <td><small>Haney, Hessler & Martin</small></td> <td><small>2001</small></td> <td>Nebaliidae</td> <td>western <a href="/wiki/Atlantic_Ocean" title="Atlantic Ocean">Atlantic Ocean</a> <sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nebalia_strausi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nebalia strausi (page does not exist)">Nebalia strausi</a></i></td> <td><small><a href="/wiki/Antoine_Risso" title="Antoine Risso">Risso</a></small></td> <td><small>1826</small></td> <td>Nebaliidae</td> <td>north-east <a href="/wiki/Atlantic_Ocean" title="Atlantic Ocean">Atlantic Ocean</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mediterranean_Sea" title="Mediterranean Sea">Mediterranean Sea</a> <sup id="cite_ref-key_2-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-key-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nebalia_troncosoi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nebalia troncosoi (page does not exist)">Nebalia troncosoi</a></i></td> <td><small>Moreira, Cacabelos & Dominguez</small></td> <td><small>2003</small></td> <td>Nebaliidae</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Spain" title="Spain">Spain</a> <sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nebaliella_antarctica&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nebaliella antarctica (page does not exist)">Nebaliella antarctica</a></i></td> <td><small>Thiele</small></td> <td><small>1904</small></td> <td>Nebaliidae</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Kerguelen_Islands" title="Kerguelen Islands">Kerguelen</a>, <a href="/wiki/New_Zealand" title="New Zealand">New Zealand</a> <sup id="cite_ref-key_2-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-key-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nebaliella_brevicarinata&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nebaliella brevicarinata (page does not exist)">Nebaliella brevicarinata</a></i></td> <td><small>Kikuchi & Gamô</small></td> <td><small>1992</small></td> <td>Nebaliidae</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Antarctica" title="Antarctica">Antarctica</a> <sup id="cite_ref-key_2-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-key-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nebaliella_caboti&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nebaliella caboti (page does not exist)">Nebaliella caboti</a></i></td> <td><small>Clark</small></td> <td><small>1932</small></td> <td>Nebaliidae</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Cabot_Strait" title="Cabot Strait">Cabot Strait</a>, <a href="/wiki/New_Jersey" title="New Jersey">New Jersey</a> <sup id="cite_ref-key_2-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-key-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nebaliella_declivatas&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nebaliella declivatas (page does not exist)">Nebaliella declivatas</a></i></td> <td><small>Walker-Smith</small></td> <td><small>1998</small></td> <td>Nebaliidae</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Australia" title="Australia">Australia</a> <sup id="cite_ref-key_2-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-key-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nebaliella_extrema&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nebaliella extrema (page does not exist)">Nebaliella extrema</a></i></td> <td><small>Thiele</small></td> <td><small>1905</small></td> <td>Nebaliidae</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Antarctica" title="Antarctica">Antarctica</a> <sup id="cite_ref-key_2-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-key-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Dahlella" title="Dahlella">Dahlella caldariensis</a></i></td> <td><small>Hessler</small></td> <td><small>1984</small></td> <td>Nebaliidae</td> <td><a href="/wiki/East_Pacific_Rise" title="East Pacific Rise">East Pacific Rise</a> <sup id="cite_ref-key_2-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-key-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sarsinebalia_cristobi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sarsinebalia cristobi (page does not exist)">Sarsinebalia cristobi</a></i></td> <td><small>Moreira, Gestoso & Troncoso</small></td> <td><small>2003</small></td> <td>Nebaliidae</td> <td>north-east <a href="/wiki/Atlantic_Ocean" title="Atlantic Ocean">Atlantic Ocean</a> <sup id="cite_ref-Moreira_22-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Moreira-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sarsinebalia_typhlops&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sarsinebalia typhlops (page does not exist)">Sarsinebalia typhlops</a></i></td> <td><small><span data-sort-value="Sars !">(Sars)</span></small></td> <td><small>1870</small></td> <td>Nebaliidae</td> <td><a href="/wiki/North_Atlantic" class="mw-redirect" title="North Atlantic">North Atlantic</a>, <a href="/wiki/Australia" title="Australia">Australia</a> <sup id="cite_ref-key_2-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-key-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sarsinebalia_urgorrii&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sarsinebalia urgorrii (page does not exist)">Sarsinebalia urgorrii</a></i></td> <td><small>Moreira, Gestoso & Troncoso</small></td> <td><small>2003</small></td> <td>Nebaliidae</td> <td>north-east <a href="/wiki/Atlantic_Ocean" title="Atlantic Ocean">Atlantic Ocean</a> <sup id="cite_ref-Moreira_22-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Moreira-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Speonebalia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Speonebalia (page does not exist)">Speonebalia cannoni</a></i></td> <td><small>Bowman, Yager & Iliffe</small></td> <td><small>1985</small></td> <td>Nebaliidae</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Turks_and_Caicos_Islands" title="Turks and Caicos Islands">Turks and Caicos Islands</a> <sup id="cite_ref-key_2-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-key-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Levinebalia_fortunata&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Levinebalia fortunata (page does not exist)">Levinebalia fortunata</a></i></td> <td><small><span data-sort-value="Wakabara !">(Wakabara)</span></small></td> <td><small>1976</small></td> <td>Paranebaliidae</td> <td><a href="/wiki/New_Zealand" title="New Zealand">New Zealand</a> <sup id="cite_ref-key_2-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-key-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Levinebalia_maria&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Levinebalia maria (page does not exist)">Levinebalia maria</a></i></td> <td><small>Walker-Smith</small></td> <td><small>2000</small></td> <td>Paranebaliidae</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Australia" title="Australia">Australia</a> <sup id="cite_ref-key_2-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-key-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Paranebalia_belizensis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Paranebalia belizensis (page does not exist)">Paranebalia belizensis</a></i></td> <td><small>Modlin</small></td> <td><small>1991</small></td> <td>Paranebaliidae</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Belize" title="Belize">Belize</a> <sup id="cite_ref-key_2-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-key-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Paranebalia_longipes&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Paranebalia longipes (page does not exist)">Paranebalia longipes</a></i></td> <td><small><span data-sort-value="Willemöes-Suhm !">(Willemöes-Suhm)</span></small></td> <td><small>1875</small></td> <td>Paranebaliidae</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Atlantic_Ocean" title="Atlantic Ocean">Atlantic</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pacific_Ocean" title="Pacific Ocean">Pacific</a> and <a href="/wiki/Indian_Ocean" title="Indian Ocean">Indian Oceans</a> <sup id="cite_ref-key_2-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-key-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Saronebalia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Saronebalia (page does not exist)">Saronebalia guanensis</a></i></td> <td><small>Haney & Martin</small></td> <td><small>2004</small></td> <td>Paranebaliidae</td> <td><a href="/wiki/British_Virgin_Islands" title="British Virgin Islands">British Virgin Islands</a> <sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Leptostraca&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 24em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-ITIS-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-ITIS_1-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.itis.gov/servlet/SingleRpt/SingleRpt?search_topic=TSN&search_value=331680">"Leptostraca"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Integrated_Taxonomic_Information_System" title="Integrated Taxonomic Information System">Integrated Taxonomic Information System</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 8,</span> 2007</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Crustacea%2C+the+Higher+Taxa%3A+Description%2C+Identification%2C+and+Information+Retrieval&rft.atitle=Leptostraca&rft.date=1999-10-02&rft.au=J.+K.+Lowry&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.crustacea.net%2Fcrustace%2Fwww%2Fleptostr.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALeptostraca" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-IZ-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-IZ_5-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-IZ_5-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRobert_D._Barnes1982" class="citation book cs1">Robert D. Barnes (1982). <i>Invertebrate Zoology</i>. 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Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://crustacea.nhm.org/peet/leptostraca/synonymies.html">the original</a> on September 6, 2008<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 28,</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Los+Angeles+PEET+Project+on+Leptostraca&rft.atitle=Synonymy&rft.au=Todd+Haney&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fcrustacea.nhm.org%2Fpeet%2Fleptostraca%2Fsynonymies.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALeptostraca" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTodd_A._HaneyJoel_W._Martin2005" class="citation journal cs1">Todd A. Haney & Joel W. Martin (2005). Boyko, Christopher B. (ed.). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110727025757/http://atiniui.nhm.org/pdfs/10200/10200.pdf">"<i>Nebalia kensleyi</i>, a new species of leptostracan (Crustacea: Phyllocarida) from Tomales Bay, California"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i><a href="/wiki/Proceedings_of_the_Biological_Society_of_Washington" class="mw-redirect" title="Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington">Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington</a></i>. <b>118</b> (l): 3–20. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.2988%2F0006-324X%282005%29118%5B3%3ANKANSO%5D2.0.CO%3B2">10.2988/0006-324X(2005)118[3:NKANSO]2.0.CO;2</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://atiniui.nhm.org/pdfs/10200/10200.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on 2011-07-27<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2009-02-28</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Proceedings+of+the+Biological+Society+of+Washington&rft.atitle=Nebalia+kensleyi%2C+a+new+species+of+leptostracan+%28Crustacea%3A+Phyllocarida%29+from+Tomales+Bay%2C+California&rft.volume=118&rft.issue=l&rft.pages=3-20&rft.date=2005&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.2988%2F0006-324X%282005%29118%5B3%3ANKANSO%5D2.0.CO%3B2&rft.au=Todd+A.+Haney&rft.au=Joel+W.+Martin&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fatiniui.nhm.org%2Fpdfs%2F10200%2F10200.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALeptostraca" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJuan_MoreiraCengiz_KocakTuncer_Katagan2007" class="citation journal cs1">Juan Moreira; Cengiz Kocak; Tuncer Katagan (2007). "<i>Nebalia kocatasi</i> sp. nov., a new species of leptostracan (Crustacea: Phyllocarida) from Izmir Bay (Aegean Sea, eastern Mediterranean)". <i><a href="/wiki/Journal_of_the_Marine_Biological_Association_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom">Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom</a></i>. <b>87</b> (5): 1247–1254. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1017%2FS0025315407057487">10.1017/S0025315407057487</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+the+Marine+Biological+Association+of+the+United+Kingdom&rft.atitle=Nebalia+kocatasi+sp.+nov.%2C+a+new+species+of+leptostracan+%28Crustacea%3A+Phyllocarida%29+from+Izmir+Bay+%28Aegean+Sea%2C+eastern+Mediterranean%29&rft.volume=87&rft.issue=5&rft.pages=1247-1254&rft.date=2007&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1017%2FS0025315407057487&rft.au=Juan+Moreira&rft.au=Cengiz+Kocak&rft.au=Tuncer+Katagan&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALeptostraca" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJi-Hun_SongJuan_MoreiraGi-Sik_Min2012" class="citation journal cs1">Ji-Hun Song; Juan Moreira; Gi-Sik Min (2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1163%2F193724012X638482">"A New Species of Leptostraca, <i>Nebalia koreana</i> (Malacostraca: Phyllocarida), from South Korea"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Journal_of_Crustacean_Biology" title="Journal of Crustacean Biology">Journal of Crustacean Biology</a></i>. <b>32</b> (4): 641–653. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1163%2F193724012X638482">10.1163/193724012X638482</a></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Crustacean+Biology&rft.atitle=A+New+Species+of+Leptostraca%2C+Nebalia+koreana+%28Malacostraca%3A+Phyllocarida%29%2C+from+South+Korea&rft.volume=32&rft.issue=4&rft.pages=641-653&rft.date=2012&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1163%2F193724012X638482&rft.au=Ji-Hun+Song&rft.au=Juan+Moreira&rft.au=Gi-Sik+Min&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdoi.org%2F10.1163%252F193724012X638482&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALeptostraca" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTodd_A._HaneyRobert_R._HesslerJoel_W._Martin2001" class="citation journal cs1">Todd A. Haney; Robert R. Hessler; Joel W. Martin (2001). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110727025853/http://atiniui.nhm.org/pdfs/4327/4327.pdf">"<i>Nebalia schizophthalma</i>, a new species of Leptostracan (Malacostraca) from deep waters off the east coast of the United States"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i><a href="/wiki/Journal_of_Crustacean_Biology" title="Journal of Crustacean Biology">Journal of Crustacean Biology</a></i>. <b>21</b> (1): 192–201. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1651%2F0278-0372%282001%29021%5B0192%3ANSANSO%5D2.0.CO%3B2">10.1651/0278-0372(2001)021[0192:NSANSO]2.0.CO;2</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://atiniui.nhm.org/pdfs/4327/4327.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on 2011-07-27<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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"Two new species of <i>Sarsinebalia</i> (Crustacea, Leptostraca) from the Northeast Atlantic, with comments on the genus". <i>Sarsia: North Atlantic Marine Science</i>. <b>88</b> (3): 189–209. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1080%2F00364820310001390">10.1080/00364820310001390</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:84442419">84442419</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Sarsia%3A+North+Atlantic+Marine+Science&rft.atitle=Two+new+species+of+Sarsinebalia+%28Crustacea%2C+Leptostraca%29+from+the+Northeast+Atlantic%2C+with+comments+on+the+genus&rft.volume=88&rft.issue=3&rft.pages=189-209&rft.date=2003&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1080%2F00364820310001390&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A84442419%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft.au=J.+Moreira&rft.au=L.+Gestoso&rft.au=J.+S.+Troncoso&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALeptostraca" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTodd_HaneyJoel_W._Martin2004" class="citation journal cs1">Todd Haney; Joel W. Martin (2004). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110727025904/http://atiniui.nhm.org/pdfs/10028/10028.pdf">"A new genus and species of leptostracan (Crustacea: Malacostraca: Phyllocarida) from Guana Island, British Virgin Islands, and a review of leptostracan genera"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i><a href="/wiki/Journal_of_Natural_History" title="Journal of Natural History">Journal of Natural History</a></i>. <b>38</b> (4): 447–469. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1080%2F0022293021000033210">10.1080/0022293021000033210</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:51695603">51695603</a>. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2009-02-28</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Natural+History&rft.atitle=A+new+genus+and+species+of+leptostracan+%28Crustacea%3A+Malacostraca%3A+Phyllocarida%29+from+Guana+Island%2C+British+Virgin+Islands%2C+and+a+review+of+leptostracan+genera&rft.volume=38&rft.issue=4&rft.pages=447-469&rft.date=2004&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1080%2F0022293021000033210&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A51695603%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft.au=Todd+Haney&rft.au=Joel+W.+Martin&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fatiniui.nhm.org%2Fpdfs%2F10028%2F10028.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALeptostraca" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Leptostraca&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Commons-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/12px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/18px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/24px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a></span> Media related to <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Leptostraca" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Leptostraca"><i>Leptostraca</i></a> at Wikimedia Commons</li> <li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Wikispecies-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Wikispecies-logo.svg/14px-Wikispecies-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="14" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Wikispecies-logo.svg/20px-Wikispecies-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Wikispecies-logo.svg/27px-Wikispecies-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="941" data-file-height="1103" /></a></span> Data related to <a href="https://species.wikimedia.org/wiki/Leptostraca" class="extiw" title="wikispecies:Leptostraca"><i>Leptostraca</i></a> at Wikispecies</li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline 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.navbox-list-with-group{text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid}.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-group,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-image,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-list{border-top:2px solid #fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title{background-color:#ccf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-title{background-color:#ddf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-abovebelow{background-color:#e6e6ff}.mw-parser-output .navbox-even{background-color:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Orders_of_Malacostraca" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Malacostraca" title="Template:Malacostraca"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Malacostraca" title="Template talk:Malacostraca"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Malacostraca" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Malacostraca"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Orders_of_Malacostraca" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Orders of <a href="/wiki/Malacostraca" title="Malacostraca">Malacostraca</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li>Kingdom <a href="/wiki/Animal" title="Animal">Animalia</a></li> <li>Phylum: <a href="/wiki/Arthropod" title="Arthropod">Arthropoda</a></li> <li>Subphylum: <a href="/wiki/Crustacean" title="Crustacean">Crustacea</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Phyllocarida" title="Phyllocarida">Phyllocarida</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>†<a href="/w/index.php?title=Archaeostraca&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Archaeostraca (page does not exist)">Archaeostraca</a></li> <li>†<a href="/w/index.php?title=Hoplostraca&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hoplostraca (page does not exist)">Hoplostraca</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Leptostraca</a></li> <li>†<a href="/wiki/Hymenocaris" title="Hymenocaris">Hymenostraca</a>?</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Hoplocarida" title="Hoplocarida">Hoplocarida</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>†<a href="/wiki/Aeschronectida" title="Aeschronectida">Aeschronectida</a></li> <li>†<a href="/w/index.php?title=Archaeostomatopoda&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Archaeostomatopoda (page does not exist)">Archaeostomatopoda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mantis_shrimp" title="Mantis shrimp">Stomatopoda (mantis shrimp)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Eumalacostraca" title="Eumalacostraca">Eumalacostraca</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Syncarida" title="Syncarida">Syncarida</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anaspidacea" title="Anaspidacea">Anaspidacea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bathynellacea" title="Bathynellacea">Bathynellacea</a></li> <li>†<a href="/w/index.php?title=Palaeocaridacea&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Palaeocaridacea (page does not exist)">Palaeocaridacea</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Peracarida" title="Peracarida">Peracarida</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Spelaeogriphacea" title="Spelaeogriphacea">Spelaeogriphacea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thermosbaenacea" title="Thermosbaenacea">Thermosbaenacea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lophogastrida" title="Lophogastrida">Lophogastrida</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Mysida" title="Mysida">Mysida</a></b> (opossum shrimp)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stygiomysida" title="Stygiomysida">Stygiomysida</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mictacea" title="Mictacea">Mictacea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bochusacea" class="mw-redirect" title="Bochusacea">Bochusacea</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Amphipoda" title="Amphipoda">Amphipoda</a></b></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ingolfiellida&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ingolfiellida (page does not exist)">Ingolfiellida</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Isopoda" title="Isopoda">Isopoda</a></b></li> <li>†<a href="/wiki/Pygocephalomorpha" title="Pygocephalomorpha">Pygocephalomorpha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tanaidacea" title="Tanaidacea">Tanaidacea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cumacea" title="Cumacea">Cumacea (hooded shrimp)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Eucarida" title="Eucarida">Eucarida</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>†<a href="/wiki/Angustidontidae" title="Angustidontidae">Angustidontida</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Krill" title="Krill">Euphausiacea (krill)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Decapoda" class="mw-redirect" title="Decapoda"><b>Decapoda</b> (shrimp, prawns, crayfish, lobsters, crabs, etc.)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><small>The three most speciose orders are marked in <b>bold</b>; obelisks (†) mark extinct orders.</small></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Taxon_identifiers" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Taxon_identifiers" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Taxon_identifiers" title="Help:Taxon identifiers">Taxon identifiers</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: left;"><i>Leptostraca</i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Wikidata" title="Wikidata">Wikidata</a>: <span class="uid"><span class="external"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q127044" class="extiw" title="wikidata:Q127044">Q127044</a></span></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Wikispecies" title="Wikispecies">Wikispecies</a>: <span class="uid"><span class="external"><a href="https://species.wikimedia.org/wiki/Leptostraca" class="extiw" title="wikispecies:Leptostraca">Leptostraca</a></span></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Animal_Diversity_Web" title="Animal Diversity Web">ADW</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://animaldiversity.org/accounts/Leptostraca/">Leptostraca</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Australian_Faunal_Directory" title="Australian Faunal Directory">AFD</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://biodiversity.org.au/afd/taxa/Leptostraca">Leptostraca</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Barcode_of_Life_Data_System" title="Barcode of Life Data System">BOLD</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.boldsystems.org/index.php/TaxBrowser_TaxonPage?taxid=878957">878957</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Catalogue_of_Life" title="Catalogue of Life">CoL</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.catalogueoflife.org/data/taxon/3FW">3FW</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/EPPO_Code" title="EPPO Code">EPPO</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://gd.eppo.int/taxon/1LEPTO">1LEPTO</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Global_Biodiversity_Information_Facility" title="Global Biodiversity Information Facility">GBIF</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.gbif.org/species/7692634">7692634</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/INaturalist" title="INaturalist">iNaturalist</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://inaturalist.org/taxa/246156">246156</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Interim_Register_of_Marine_and_Nonmarine_Genera" title="Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera">IRMNG</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.irmng.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=10755">10755</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Integrated_Taxonomic_Information_System" title="Integrated Taxonomic Information System">ITIS</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.itis.gov/servlet/SingleRpt/SingleRpt?search_topic=TSN&search_value=331680">331680</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/National_Biodiversity_Network" title="National Biodiversity Network">NBN</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://species.nbnatlas.org/species/NBNSYS0000183496">NBNSYS0000183496</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/National_Center_for_Biotechnology_Information" title="National Center for Biotechnology Information">NCBI</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Taxonomy/Browser/wwwtax.cgi?mode=Info&id=58364">58364</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;">NZOR: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nzor.org.nz/names/277aac93-1e13-4d7e-818b-8d72a91115d2">277aac93-1e13-4d7e-818b-8d72a91115d2</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Open_Tree_of_Life" title="Open Tree of Life">Open Tree of Life</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://tree.opentreeoflife.org/taxonomy/browse?id=745364">745364</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Paleobiology_Database" title="Paleobiology Database">Paleobiology Database</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://paleobiodb.org/classic/basicTaxonInfo?taxon_no=22221">22221</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/World_Register_of_Marine_Species" title="World Register of Marine Species">WoRMS</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=146996">146996</a></span></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-label="Navbox" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a>: National <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q127044#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" 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href="http://olduli.nli.org.il/F/?func=find-b&local_base=NLX10&find_code=UID&request=987007562934605171">Israel</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1&useformat=desktop" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Leptostraca&oldid=1248190843">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Leptostraca&oldid=1248190843</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Leptostraca" title="Category:Leptostraca">Leptostraca</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Crustacean_orders" title="Category:Crustacean orders">Crustacean 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