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<!DOCTYPE html> <html class="client-nojs" lang="en" dir="ltr"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"/> <title>Human Potential Movement - RationalWiki</title> <script>document.documentElement.className="client-js";RLCONF={"wgBreakFrames":!1,"wgSeparatorTransformTable":["",""],"wgDigitTransformTable":["",""],"wgDefaultDateFormat":"dmy","wgMonthNames":["","January","February","March","April","May","June","July","August","September","October","November","December"],"wgRequestId":"Z-RsUdSDAM9YMzU0gyRI-QAAAIM","wgCSPNonce":!1,"wgCanonicalNamespace":"","wgCanonicalSpecialPageName":!1,"wgNamespaceNumber":0,"wgPageName":"Human_Potential_Movement","wgTitle":"Human Potential Movement","wgCurRevisionId":2272268,"wgRevisionId":2272268,"wgArticleId":15496,"wgIsArticle":!0,"wgIsRedirect":!1,"wgAction":"view","wgUserName":null,"wgUserGroups":["*"],"wgCategories":["Pages using DynamicPageList parser function","New Age","Psychology","Pseudoscience"],"wgPageContentLanguage":"en","wgPageContentModel":"wikitext","wgRelevantPageName":"Human_Potential_Movement","wgRelevantArticleId":15496,"wgIsProbablyEditable":!0,"wgRelevantPageIsProbablyEditable":!0, "wgRestrictionEdit":[],"wgRestrictionMove":[],"wgMediaViewerOnClick":!0,"wgMediaViewerEnabledByDefault":!0};RLSTATE={"site.styles":"ready","noscript":"ready","user.styles":"ready","user":"ready","user.options":"loading","ext.cite.styles":"ready","skins.vector.styles.legacy":"ready"};RLPAGEMODULES=["ext.cite.ux-enhancements","site","mediawiki.page.startup","mediawiki.page.ready","skins.vector.legacy.js","ext.gadget.ReferenceTooltips","mmv.head","mmv.bootstrap.autostart"];</script> <script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.loader.implement("user.options@1hzgi",function($,jQuery,require,module){/*@nomin*/mw.user.tokens.set({"patrolToken":"+\\","watchToken":"+\\","csrfToken":"+\\"}); });});</script> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=ext.cite.styles%7Cskins.vector.styles.legacy&only=styles&skin=vector"/> <script async="" src="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=startup&only=scripts&raw=1&skin=vector"></script> <meta name="ResourceLoaderDynamicStyles" content=""/> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=site.styles&only=styles&skin=vector"/> <meta name="generator" content="MediaWiki 1.35.6"/> <meta name="description" content="The human-potential movement (HPM), a loosely-confederated conspiracy mixture of secular and religious woo, had a certain amount of popularity from the late 1960s to the early 1980s. It incorporated much of what was then fashionable in paranormal and motivational&#91;1&#93; circles, including earlier material from theosophy and other "esoteric" philosophies. It drew heavily from (and in turn influenced) many self-help philosophies of the era. It also drew heavily from the then-mainstream humanistic psychology field, and fed directly into the New Age movement. Parapsychology evangelistsresearchers at mainstream institutions, like J.B. Rhine, helped give the woo aspects of "evidence-based" credibility. The human-potential movement focused heavily on the nature and perceived capabilities of "consciousness" (still a common term in the writings of the movement's successors) and (like many other belief-systems of its type) was resolutely vitalist in its view of life."/> <link rel="alternate" type="application/x-wiki" title="Edit" href="/w/index.php?title=Human_Potential_Movement&action=edit"/> <link rel="edit" title="Edit" href="/w/index.php?title=Human_Potential_Movement&action=edit"/> <link rel="shortcut icon" href="/favicon.ico"/> <link rel="search" type="application/opensearchdescription+xml" href="/w/opensearch_desc.php" title="RationalWiki (en)"/> <link rel="EditURI" type="application/rsd+xml" href="https://rationalwiki.org/w/api.php?action=rsd"/> <link rel="license" href="/wiki/RationalWiki:Copyrights"/> <link rel="alternate" type="application/atom+xml" title="RationalWiki Atom feed" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:RecentChanges&feed=atom"/> <meta property="og:type" content="article"/> <meta property="og:site_name" content="RationalWiki"/> <meta property="og:title" content="Human Potential Movement"/> <meta property="og:description" content="The human-potential movement (HPM), a loosely-confederated conspiracy mixture of secular and religious woo, had a certain amount of popularity from the late 1960s to the early 1980s. It incorporated much of what was then fashionable in paranormal and motivational&#91;1&#93; circles, including earlier material from theosophy and other "esoteric" philosophies. It drew heavily from (and in turn influenced) many self-help philosophies of the era. It also drew heavily from the then-mainstream humanistic psychology field, and fed directly into the New Age movement. Parapsychology evangelistsresearchers at mainstream institutions, like J.B. Rhine, helped give the woo aspects of "evidence-based" credibility. 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margin: 0 0 0.5em 0.5em; text-align:left; border: 1px solid #C080C0; width:175px;"> <tbody><tr> <td style="font-size: 95%; text-align:center; color:white; background-color:#C080C0"><b>Dolphins and Money</b><br /><a href="/wiki/New_Age" title="New Age"><font size="4" color="white"><b><span style="color:white;font-family:Papyrus, Segoe Script, Linux Biolinum G">New Age</span></b></font></a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background-color:#E0E0E0;" align="center"><a href="/wiki/Category:New_Age" title="Category:New Age"><img alt="Icon new age.svg" src="/w/images/thumb/6/66/Icon_new_age.svg/100px-Icon_new_age.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="100" srcset="/w/images/thumb/6/66/Icon_new_age.svg/150px-Icon_new_age.svg.png 1.5x, /w/images/thumb/6/66/Icon_new_age.svg/200px-Icon_new_age.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="200" data-file-height="200" /></a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="font-size: 95%; color:white; background-color:#C080C0; text-align:center;"><b><span style="color:white;font-family:Papyrus, Segoe Script, Linux Biolinum G">Cosmic concepts</span></b> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="font-size: 95%; background-color:#E0E0E0;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Crystal_woo" title="Crystal woo">Crystals</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quantum_woo" title="Quantum woo">Quantums</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spirituality" title="Spirituality">Your inner self</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alternative_medicine" title="Alternative medicine">Holistic medicine</a></li></ul> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="font-size: 95%; color:white; background-color:#C080C0; text-align:center;"><b><span style="color:white;font-family:Papyrus, Segoe Script, Linux Biolinum G">Spiritual selections</span></b> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="font-size: 95%; background-color:#E0E0E0;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chakra" title="Chakra">Chakra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pete_Sanders" title="Pete Sanders">Pete Sanders</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Solfeggio_frequencies" title="Solfeggio frequencies">Solfeggio frequencies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neurolinguistic_programming" title="Neurolinguistic programming">Neurolinguistic programming</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spiritual_evolution" title="Spiritual evolution">Spiritual evolution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edgar_Cayce" title="Edgar Cayce">Edgar Cayce</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Teal_Swan" title="Teal Swan">Teal Swan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Med_beds" title="Med beds">Med beds</a></li></ul> <div class="vte plainlinks" style="font-size:smaller; text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Template:Newage" title="Template:Newage">v</a> - <a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Newage" title="Template talk:Newage">t</a> - <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://rationalwiki.org/w/index.php?title=Template:Newage&action=edit">e</a></div> </td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The <b>human-potential movement</b> (HPM), a loosely-confederated <s>conspiracy</s> mixture of <a href="/wiki/Secular" title="Secular">secular</a> and <a href="/wiki/Religious" class="mw-redirect" title="Religious">religious</a> <a href="/wiki/Woo" title="Woo">woo</a>, had a certain amount of popularity from the late 1960s to the early 1980s. It incorporated much of what was then fashionable in <a href="/wiki/Paranormal" title="Paranormal">paranormal</a> and motivational<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1">[1]</a></sup> circles, including earlier material from <a href="/wiki/Theosophy" title="Theosophy">theosophy</a> and other <a href="/wiki/Western_esotericism" title="Western esotericism"> "esoteric"</a> philosophies. It drew heavily from (and in turn influenced) many <a href="/wiki/Self-help" class="mw-redirect" title="Self-help">self-help</a> philosophies of the era. It also drew heavily from the then-mainstream <a href="/wiki/Humanistic_psychology" class="mw-redirect" title="Humanistic psychology">humanistic psychology</a> field, and fed directly into the <a href="/wiki/New_Age" title="New Age">New Age</a> movement. Parapsychology <s>evangelists</s>researchers at mainstream institutions, like <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/J.B._Rhine" class="extiw" title="wp:J.B. Rhine" rel="nofollow"><span style="color:#477979 !important;" title="Wikipedia: J.B. Rhine">J.B. Rhine</span></a><sup><img alt="" src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Wikipedia%27s_W.svg/12px-Wikipedia%27s_W.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" srcset="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Wikipedia%27s_W.svg/18px-Wikipedia%27s_W.svg.png 1.5x, https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Wikipedia%27s_W.svg/24px-Wikipedia%27s_W.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="128" data-file-height="128" /></sup>, helped give the woo aspects of "evidence-based" credibility. The human-potential movement focused heavily on the nature and perceived capabilities of "<a href="/wiki/Consciousness" title="Consciousness">consciousness</a>" (still a common term in the writings of the movement's successors) and (like many other <a href="/wiki/Belief" title="Belief">belief</a>-systems of its type) was resolutely <a href="/wiki/Vitalism" title="Vitalism"> vitalist</a> in its view of <a href="/wiki/Life" title="Life">life</a>. </p><p>Followers of the human-potential movement often took seriously the discredited idea that humans use only <a href="/wiki/Ten_percent_myth" title="Ten percent myth"> 10% of their brains</a>, and were often big fans of <a href="/wiki/Uri_Geller" title="Uri Geller">Uri Geller</a> and other self-proclaimed <a href="/wiki/Psychic" title="Psychic">psychics</a>. <a href="/wiki/Quantum_woo" title="Quantum woo">Quantum woo</a> got its first big break in this era, with writers <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fritjof_Capra" class="extiw" title="wp:Fritjof Capra" rel="nofollow"><span style="color:#477979 !important;" title="Wikipedia: Fritjof Capra">Fritjof Capra</span></a><sup><img alt="" src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Wikipedia%27s_W.svg/12px-Wikipedia%27s_W.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" srcset="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Wikipedia%27s_W.svg/18px-Wikipedia%27s_W.svg.png 1.5x, https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Wikipedia%27s_W.svg/24px-Wikipedia%27s_W.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="128" data-file-height="128" /></sup> (<i>The Tao of Physics</i>) and <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gary_Zukav" class="extiw" title="wp:Gary Zukav" rel="nofollow"><span style="color:#477979 !important;" title="Wikipedia: Gary Zukav">Gary Zukav</span></a><sup><img alt="" src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Wikipedia%27s_W.svg/12px-Wikipedia%27s_W.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" srcset="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Wikipedia%27s_W.svg/18px-Wikipedia%27s_W.svg.png 1.5x, https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Wikipedia%27s_W.svg/24px-Wikipedia%27s_W.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="128" data-file-height="128" /></sup> (<i>The Dancing Wu Li Masters</i>) taking the strangeness that was the <a href="/wiki/Copenhagen_interpretation" class="mw-redirect" title="Copenhagen interpretation">Copenhagen interpretation</a> of <a href="/wiki/Quantum_mechanics" title="Quantum mechanics">quantum mechanics</a> and using it as a semi-plausible mechanism for <a href="/wiki/Mind-body_woo" title="Mind-body woo"> "mind-over-matter"</a> thinking. In turn, writers associated with the movement wrote books such as <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jonathan_Livingston_Seagull" class="extiw" title="wp:Jonathan Livingston Seagull" rel="nofollow"><span style="color:#477979 !important;" title="Wikipedia: Jonathan Livingston Seagull"><i>Jonathan Livingston Seagull</i></span></a><sup><img alt="" src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Wikipedia%27s_W.svg/12px-Wikipedia%27s_W.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" srcset="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Wikipedia%27s_W.svg/18px-Wikipedia%27s_W.svg.png 1.5x, https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Wikipedia%27s_W.svg/24px-Wikipedia%27s_W.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="128" data-file-height="128" /></sup> and <i><a href="/wiki/Zen_and_the_Art_of_Motorcycle_Maintenance" title="Zen and the Art of Motorcycle Maintenance">Zen and the Art of Motorcycle Maintenance</a></i> and spawned somewhat less fluffy interest in real Eastern <a href="/wiki/Religion" title="Religion">religions</a> such as <a href="/wiki/Buddhism" title="Buddhism">Buddhism</a>, as well as in <a href="/wiki/Think_tank" title="Think tank">think tanks</a> and self-help groups such as <a href="/wiki/Est" class="mw-redirect" title="Est">est</a>, <a href="/wiki/Esalen" class="mw-redirect" title="Esalen">Esalen</a>, <a href="/wiki/Synanon" title="Synanon">Synanon</a> and their spin-offs, many of which had <a href="/wiki/Authoritarian" class="mw-redirect" title="Authoritarian">authoritarian</a> and even <a href="/wiki/Cult" title="Cult">cultish</a> aspects. A notable subset of the movement promoted new <a href="/wiki/Psychological" class="mw-redirect" title="Psychological">psychological</a> therapies such as <a href="/wiki/Primal_scream_therapy" class="mw-redirect" title="Primal scream therapy"> primal-scream therapy</a>, encounter-group therapy,<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2">[2]</a></sup> and <a href="/wiki/Rebirthing" class="mw-redirect" title="Rebirthing">rebirthing</a>, which mainstream psychologists initially regarded with open-minded interest, but which turned out to be useless <a href="/wiki/Quackery" title="Quackery">quackery</a>. </p><p>Mainstream science quickly discredited much of the human-potential movement's maunderings.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3">[3]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4">[4]</a></sup> For instance, Rhine's "groundbreaking" work on psychic abilities could not be reproduced, and his lab became disassociated from Duke University. Many Human-Potential advocates shifted into using a more religious and <a href="/wiki/Spirituality" title="Spirituality"> spiritual</a> tone, and the whole rotten mess got absorbed into the New Age movement of the 1980s, though still retaining a somewhat nebulous presence in the overall consciousness of <a href="/wiki/Society" title="Society">society</a>. As for consciousness, it remains a topic of considerable interest in psychology and <a href="/wiki/Artificial_intelligence" title="Artificial intelligence"> artificial-intelligence</a> circles, but the human-potential movement's contributions to the subject have been irrelevant at best.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5">[5]</a></sup> </p> <h2><span class="mw-headline" id="See_also">See also</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Human_Potential_Movement&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: See also">edit</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h2> <div class="div-col columns column-count column-count-2" style="-moz-column-count: 2; -webkit-column-count: 2; column-count: 2;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alternative_medicine" title="Alternative medicine">Alternative medicine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bhagwan_Sree_Rajneesh" class="mw-redirect" title="Bhagwan Sree Rajneesh">Bhagwan Sree Rajneesh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Buckminster_Fuller" title="Buckminster Fuller">Buckminster Fuller</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crank_magnetism" title="Crank magnetism">Crank magnetism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Enneagram" title="Enneagram">Enneagram</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Esalen_Institute" title="Esalen Institute">Esalen Institute</a> - the cradle of pseudo-modern woo</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Est" class="mw-redirect" title="Est">Est</a> - multi-level marketing for self-help junkies</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hoffman_Quadrinity_Process" title="Hoffman Quadrinity Process">Hoffman Quadrinity Process</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Games_movement" title="New Games movement">New Games movement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reparenting" class="mw-redirect" title="Reparenting">Reparenting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rolfing" title="Rolfing">Rolfing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transactional_Analysis" title="Transactional Analysis">Transactional Analysis</a></li></ul></div> <h2><span class="mw-headline" id="References">References</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Human_Potential_Movement&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: References">edit</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h2> <div class="references-small" style="font-size:90%;"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-1">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">See the <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia" title="Wikipedia">Wikipedia</a> article on <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Motivational_speaker" class="extiw" title="wp:Motivational speaker" rel="nofollow">Motivational speaker</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-2">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">See the <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia" title="Wikipedia">Wikipedia</a> article on <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Encounter_group" class="extiw" title="wp:Encounter group" rel="nofollow">Encounter group</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-3">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"> Compare for example: <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r2708880">/* Errors processing stylesheet [[:Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css]] (rev 2708880): • Invalid or unsupported value for property ⧼code⧽background⧼/code⧽ at line 44 character 14. • Invalid or unsupported value for property ⧼code⧽background⧼/code⧽ at line 50 character 14. • Invalid or unsupported value for property ⧼code⧽background⧼/code⧽ at line 55 character 14. • Invalid or unsupported value for property ⧼code⧽background⧼/code⧽ at line 64 character 14. • Invalid or unsupported value for property ⧼code⧽color⧼/code⧽ at line 96 character 9. • Invalid or unsupported value for property ⧼code⧽color⧼/code⧽ at line 100 character 9. • Invalid media query at line 138 character 8. */ .mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFGardner2001" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Martin_Gardner" title="Martin Gardner">Gardner, Martin</a> (2001) [2000]. "Jean Houston: New Age Guru". <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=4GJcAgAAQBAJ"><i>Did Adam and Eve Have Navels?: Debunking Pseudoscience</i></a>. New York: W. W. Norton & Company. p. 129. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780393245035" title="Special:BookSources/9780393245035"><bdi>9780393245035</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">28 June</span> 2019</span>. <q>Houston is tireless in conducting workshops around the world in which she uses a bewildering variety of techniques designed to raise the "human potential" of her students.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Jean+Houston%3A+New+Age+Guru&rft.btitle=Did+Adam+and+Eve+Have+Navels%3F%3A+Debunking+Pseudoscience&rft.place=New+York&rft.pages=129&rft.pub=W.+W.+Norton+%26+Company&rft.date=2001&rft.isbn=9780393245035&rft.aulast=Gardner&rft.aufirst=Martin&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D4GJcAgAAQBAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Frationalwiki.org%3AHuman+Potential+Movement" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-4">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"> For example: <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r2708880"/><cite id="CITEREFFisherCohen_SilverChinskyGoff2012" class="citation book cs1">Fisher, Jeffrey D.; Cohen Silver, Roxane; Chinsky, Jack M.; Goff, Barry; Klar, Yechiel (2012) [1990]. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=WNjVBQAAQBAJ"><i>Evaluating a Large Group Awareness Training: A Longitudinal Study of Psychosocial Effects</i></a>. Recent Research in Psychology. New York: Springer Science & Business Media. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781461234289" title="Special:BookSources/9781461234289"><bdi>9781461234289</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">28 June</span> 2019</span>. <q>Many of the potential favorable outcomes of the Forum were assessed on constructs represented in the multivariate analyses (i.e., Positive and Negative Affect, Health, Perceived Control, Social Functioning, Life Satisfaction, Self-Esteem, and Daily Coping). On seven of these eight dimensions, there were no significant short- or long-term multivariate treatment effects. On one, Perceived Control, the short- but not the long-term multivariate comparison with nominees revealed that Forum participants became more internally oriented.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Evaluating+a+Large+Group+Awareness+Training%3A+A+Longitudinal+Study+of+Psychosocial+Effects&rft.place=New+York&rft.series=Recent+Research+in+Psychology&rft.pub=Springer+Science+%26+Business+Media&rft.date=2012&rft.isbn=9781461234289&rft.aulast=Fisher&rft.aufirst=Jeffrey+D.&rft.au=Cohen+Silver%2C+Roxane&rft.au=Chinsky%2C+Jack+M.&rft.au=Goff%2C+Barry&rft.au=Klar%2C+Yechiel&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DWNjVBQAAQBAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Frationalwiki.org%3AHuman+Potential+Movement" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-5">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"> Note for example: <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r2708880"/><cite id="CITEREFGeorge1990" class="citation book cs1">George, James (1990). "Search Further!". In Gandhi, Kishor (ed.). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=ryVZAlWbjy8C"><i>The Odyssey of Science, Culture, and Consciousness</i></a>. New Delhi: Abhinav Publications. p. 151. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9788170172697" title="Special:BookSources/9788170172697"><bdi>9788170172697</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2017-09-10</span></span>. <q>The human potential movement in the West is only a new wave echo of a very old Eastern teaching: that there is a correspondence between the microcosm and the macrocosm — 'as above, so below'.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Search+Further%21&rft.btitle=The+Odyssey+of+Science%2C+Culture%2C+and+Consciousness&rft.place=New+Delhi&rft.pages=151&rft.pub=Abhinav+Publications&rft.date=1990&rft.isbn=9788170172697&rft.aulast=George&rft.aufirst=James&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DryVZAlWbjy8C&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Frationalwiki.org%3AHuman+Potential+Movement" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <h2><span class="mw-headline" id="Further_reading">Further reading</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Human_Potential_Movement&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Further reading">edit</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h2> <ul><li>Tom Wolfe, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://nymag.com/news/features/45938/">The Me Decade and the Third Great Awakening</a>, <i>New York</i> magazine, August 23, 1976</li> <li>Cyra McFadden, <i>The Serial</i>, Knopf, 1977 (hilarious novel spoofing HPM)</li> <li>Richard Dean Rosen, <i>Psychobabble</i>, Wildwood House Ltd, 1978</li> <li>Christopher Lasch, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Culture_of_Narcissism" class="extiw" title="wp:The Culture of Narcissism" rel="nofollow"><span style="color:#477979 !important;" title="Wikipedia: The Culture of Narcissism"><i>The Culture of Narcissism</i></span></a><sup><img alt="" src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Wikipedia%27s_W.svg/12px-Wikipedia%27s_W.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" srcset="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Wikipedia%27s_W.svg/18px-Wikipedia%27s_W.svg.png 1.5x, https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Wikipedia%27s_W.svg/24px-Wikipedia%27s_W.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="128" data-file-height="128" /></sup>, Norton, 1979</li></ul>    </div></div><div class="printfooter">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://rationalwiki.org/w/index.php?title=Human_Potential_Movement&oldid=2272268">https://rationalwiki.org/w/index.php?title=Human_Potential_Movement&oldid=2272268</a>"</div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Special:Categories" title="Special:Categories">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:New_Age" title="Category:New Age">New Age</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Psychology" title="Category:Psychology">Psychology</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Pseudoscience" 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