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[r]" accesskey="r"><span>Nýlegar breytingar</span></a></li><li id="n-newpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Kerfiss%C3%AD%C3%B0a:N%C3%BDjustu_greinar"><span>Nýjustu greinar</span></a></li><li id="n-portal" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Samf%C3%A9lagsg%C3%A1tt" title="Um verkefnið, hvernig er hægt að hjálpa og hvar á að byrja"><span>Samfélagsgátt</span></a></li><li id="n-Potturinn" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Potturinn"><span>Potturinn</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <a href="/wiki/Fors%C3%AD%C3%B0a" class="mw-logo"> <img class="mw-logo-icon" src="/static/images/icons/wikipedia.png" alt="" aria-hidden="true" height="50" width="50"> <span class="mw-logo-container skin-invert"> <img class="mw-logo-wordmark" alt="Wikipedia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-en.svg" style="width: 7.5em; height: 1.125em;"> <img class="mw-logo-tagline" alt="Frjálsa alfræðiritið" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-tagline-is.svg" width="118" height="12" style="width: 7.375em; 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[o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Skrá inn</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Frekari valkostir" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Persónuleg verkfæri" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Persónuleg verkfæri</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="Notandavalmynd" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_is.wikipedia.org&uselang=is"><span>Fjárframlög</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kerfiss%C3%AD%C3%B0a:B%C3%BAa_til_a%C3%B0gang&returnto=Samhverfa" title="Þú ert hvattur/hvött til að búa til aðgang og skrá þig inn; en það er ekki skylda"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>Búa til aðgang</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kerfiss%C3%AD%C3%B0a:Innskr%C3%A1&returnto=Samhverfa" title="Þú ert hvattur/hvött til að innskrá þig, það er hinsvegar ekki skylda. [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Skrá inn</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Síður fyrir útskráða notendur <a href="/wiki/Hj%C3%A1lp:Introduction" aria-label="Læra meira um breytingar"><span>Læra meira</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Kerfiss%C3%AD%C3%B0a:Framl%C3%B6g_m%C3%ADn" title="Listi yfir breytingar frá þessu IP-staðfangi [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Framlög</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Kerfiss%C3%AD%C3%B0a:Spjallas%C3%AD%C3%B0a_m%C3%ADn" title="Spjall um breytingar frá þessu IP-staðfangi [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Spjall</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Vefsíða"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Efni" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Efni</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">færa í hliðarstiku</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">fela</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Byrjun</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Málfræði" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Málfræði"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Málfræði</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Málfræði-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Stærðfræði" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Stærðfræði"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Stærðfræði</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Stærðfræði-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Eðlisfræði" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Eðlisfræði"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Eðlisfræði</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Eðlisfræði-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Efnafræði" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Efnafræði"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Efnafræði</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Efnafræði-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Tenglar" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Tenglar"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Tenglar</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Tenglar-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Efni" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Sýna/fela efnisyfirlit" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Sýna/fela efnisyfirlit</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Samhverfa</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Fara á grein á öðru tungumáli. Til staðar á 89 tungumálum" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-89" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">89 tungumál</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Simmetrie" title="Simmetrie – afríkanska" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Simmetrie" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="afríkanska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Simetr%C3%ADa" title="Simetría – aragonska" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Simetría" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="aragonska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%B8%D8%B1" title="تناظر – arabíska" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="تناظر" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="arabíska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Simetr%C3%ADa" title="Simetría – astúríska" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Simetría" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="astúríska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Simmetriya" title="Simmetriya – aserska" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Simmetriya" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="aserska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Симметрия – baskír" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Симметрия" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="baskír" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%96%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%8F" title="Сіметрыя – hvítrússneska" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Сіметрыя" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="hvítrússneska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%8B%D0%BC%D1%8D%D1%82%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%8F" title="Сымэтрыя – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Сымэтрыя" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Симетрия – búlgarska" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Симетрия" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="búlgarska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AA%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%A4%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%AE%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AF" title="প্রতিসাম্য – bengalska" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="প্রতিসাম্য" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="bengalska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Simetrija" title="Simetrija – bosníska" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Simetrija" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="bosníska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Simetria" title="Simetria – katalónska" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Simetria" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="katalónska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%BE%D8%A7%D9%88%DB%8C%DB%95%DA%A9%DB%8C" title="ھاویەکی – miðkúrdíska" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="ھاویەکی" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="miðkúrdíska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Symetrie" title="Symetrie – tékkneska" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Symetrie" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="tékkneska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B8" title="Симметри – sjúvas" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Симметри" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="sjúvas" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cymesuredd" title="Cymesuredd – velska" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Cymesuredd" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="velska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Symmetri" title="Symmetri – danska" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Symmetri" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="danska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A3%CF%85%CE%BC%CE%BC%CE%B5%CF%84%CF%81%CE%AF%CE%B1" title="Συμμετρία – gríska" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Συμμετρία" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="gríska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Symmetry" title="Symmetry – enska" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Symmetry" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="enska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Simetrio" title="Simetrio – esperantó" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Simetrio" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="esperantó" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Simetr%C3%ADa" title="Simetría – spænska" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Simetría" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="spænska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C3%BCmmeetria" title="Sümmeetria – eistneska" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Sümmeetria" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="eistneska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Simetria" title="Simetria – baskneska" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Simetria" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="baskneska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%D9%82%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%86" title="تقارن – persneska" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="تقارن" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="persneska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Symmetria" title="Symmetria – finnska" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Symmetria" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="finnska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sym%C3%A9trie" title="Symétrie – franska" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Symétrie" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="franska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C3%BCmetrii" title="Sümetrii – norðurfrísneska" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Sümetrii" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="norðurfrísneska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Symmetry" title="Symmetry – vesturfrísneska" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Symmetry" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="vesturfrísneska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sim%C3%A9adracht" title="Siméadracht – írska" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Siméadracht" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="írska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Simetr%C3%ADa" title="Simetría – galisíska" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Simetría" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="galisíska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A1%D7%99%D7%9E%D7%98%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%94" title="סימטריה – hebreska" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="סימטריה" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="hebreska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BF" title="सममिति – hindí" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="सममिति" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="hindí" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hif mw-list-item"><a href="https://hif.wikipedia.org/wiki/Symmetry" title="Symmetry – Fiji Hindi" lang="hif" hreflang="hif" data-title="Symmetry" data-language-autonym="Fiji Hindi" data-language-local-name="Fiji Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Fiji Hindi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Simetrija" title="Simetrija – króatíska" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Simetrija" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="króatíska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/Simetri" title="Simetri – haítíska" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="Simetri" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="haítíska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kreyòl ayisyen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Szimmetria" title="Szimmetria – ungverska" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Szimmetria" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="ungverska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%80%D5%A1%D5%B4%D5%A1%D5%B9%D5%A1%D6%83%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%A9%D5%B5%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%B6" title="Համաչափություն – armenska" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Համաչափություն" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="armenska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Simetri" title="Simetri – indónesíska" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Simetri" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indónesíska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ilo mw-list-item"><a href="https://ilo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Simetria" title="Simetria – ílokó" lang="ilo" hreflang="ilo" data-title="Simetria" data-language-autonym="Ilokano" data-language-local-name="ílokó" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ilokano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Simetreso" title="Simetreso – ídó" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Simetreso" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="ídó" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Simmetria" title="Simmetria – ítalska" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Simmetria" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="ítalska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%AF%BE%E7%A7%B0%E6%80%A7" title="対称性 – japanska" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="対称性" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="japanska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Симметрия – kasakska" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Симметрия" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="kasakska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%8C%80%EC%B9%AD" title="대칭 – kóreska" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="대칭" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="kóreska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Симметрия – kirgiska" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Симметрия" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="kirgiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Symmetria" title="Symmetria – latína" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Symmetria" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="latína" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Symmetrie" title="Symmetrie – limbúrgíska" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Symmetrie" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="limbúrgíska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Limburgs</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Simetria" title="Simetria – Lombard" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Simetria" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="Lombard" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Simetrija" title="Simetrija – litháíska" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Simetrija" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="litháíska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Simetrija" title="Simetrija – lettneska" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Simetrija" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="lettneska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0" title="Симетрија – makedónska" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Симетрија" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="makedónska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%B8%E0%B4%AE%E0%B4%AE%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%A4%E0%B4%BF" title="സമമിതി – malajalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="സമമിതി" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="malajalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Simetri" title="Simetri – malaíska" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Simetri" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="malaíska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%81%E1%80%B1%E1%80%AB%E1%80%80%E1%80%BA%E1%80%81%E1%80%BB%E1%80%AD%E1%80%AF%E1%80%B8%E1%80%8A%E1%80%AE" title="ခေါက်ချိုးညီ – búrmneska" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="ခေါက်ချိုးညီ" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="búrmneska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Symmetrie" title="Symmetrie – hollenska" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Symmetrie" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="hollenska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Symmetri" title="Symmetri – nýnorska" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Symmetri" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="nýnorska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Symmetri" title="Symmetri – norskt bókmál" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Symmetri" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="norskt bókmál" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Simetria" title="Simetria – oksítaníska" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Simetria" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="oksítaníska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%AE%E0%A8%A4%E0%A8%BE" title="ਸਮਤਾ – púnjabí" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਸਮਤਾ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="púnjabí" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Symetria_figury" title="Symetria figury – pólska" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Symetria figury" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="pólska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D9%88%DB%81%D9%86%DB%8C_%D9%BE%D8%AF%DA%BE%D8%B1" title="سوہنی پدھر – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="سوہنی پدھر" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Simetria" title="Simetria – portúgalska" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Simetria" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portúgalska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sanayway" title="Sanayway – kvesjúa" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Sanayway" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="kvesjúa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Simetrie" title="Simetrie – rúmenska" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Simetrie" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="rúmenska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Симметрия – rússneska" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Симметрия" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="rússneska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%BE%DA%AA%D8%AC%DA%BE%DA%99%D8%A7%D8%A6%D9%8A" title="ھڪجھڙائي – sindí" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="ھڪجھڙائي" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="sindí" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سنڌي</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Simetrija" title="Simetrija – serbókróatíska" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Simetrija" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="serbókróatíska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Symmetry" title="Symmetry – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Symmetry" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C3%BAmernos%C5%A5" title="Súmernosť – slóvakíska" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Súmernosť" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="slóvakíska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Simetrija" title="Simetrija – slóvenska" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Simetrija" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="slóvenska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sn mw-list-item"><a href="https://sn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muringano" title="Muringano – shona" lang="sn" hreflang="sn" data-title="Muringano" data-language-autonym="ChiShona" data-language-local-name="shona" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ChiShona</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Simetria" title="Simetria – albanska" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Simetria" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="albanska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0" title="Симетрија – serbneska" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Симетрија" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="serbneska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Symmetri" title="Symmetri – sænska" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Symmetri" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="sænska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ulinganifu" title="Ulinganifu – svahílí" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Ulinganifu" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="svahílí" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%9A%E0%AE%AE%E0%AE%9A%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%9A%E0%AF%80%E0%AE%B0%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%88" title="சமச்சீர்மை – tamílska" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="சமச்சீர்மை" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="tamílska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%A3" title="สมมาตร – taílenska" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="สมมาตร" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="taílenska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Simetriya" title="Simetriya – tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Simetriya" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Simetri" title="Simetri – tyrkneska" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Simetri" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="tyrkneska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%80%D1%96%D1%8F" title="Симетрія – úkraínska" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Симетрія" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="úkraínska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%B8%D8%B1" title="تناظر – úrdú" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="تناظر" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="úrdú" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Simmetriya" title="Simmetriya – úsbekska" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Simmetriya" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="úsbekska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vep mw-list-item"><a href="https://vep.wikipedia.org/wiki/Simmetrii" title="Simmetrii – Veps" lang="vep" hreflang="vep" data-title="Simmetrii" data-language-autonym="Vepsän kel’" data-language-local-name="Veps" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vepsän kel’</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%90%E1%BB%91i_x%E1%BB%A9ng" title="Đối xứng – víetnamska" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Đối xứng" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="víetnamska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Simetriya" title="Simetriya – varaí" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Simetriya" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="varaí" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%AF%B9%E7%A7%B0" title="对称 – wu-kínverska" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="对称" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="wu-kínverska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A1%D7%99%D7%9E%D7%A2%D7%98%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%A2" title="סימעטריע – jiddíska" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="סימעטריע" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="jiddíska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ייִדיש</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%B0%8D%E7%A8%B1" title="對稱 – kínverska" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="對稱" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="kínverska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%B0%8D%E7%A8%B1" title="對稱 – kantónska" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="對稱" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="kantónska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit 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class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="is" dir="ltr"><p><b>Samhverfa</b> er mikilvægt <a href="/wiki/Hugtak" title="Hugtak">hugtak</a>, sem hefur margvíslega merkingu innan <a href="/wiki/V%C3%ADsindi" title="Vísindi">vísinda</a>, en á almennt við að mögulegt sé að <a href="/w/index.php?title=Speglun&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Speglun (síða er ekki enn til)">spegla</a> tiltekið fyrirbæri. Fyrirbæri sem ekki er unnt að spegla kallast <i>ósamhverf</i>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Málfræði"><span id="M.C3.A1lfr.C3.A6.C3.B0i"></span>Málfræði</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Samhverfa&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Breyti hluta: Málfræði" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>breyta</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Samhverfa&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section's source code: Málfræði"><span>breyta frumkóða</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Sum <a href="/wiki/Or%C3%B0" title="Orð">orð</a>, <a href="/wiki/Setning" class="mw-redirect" title="Setning">setningar</a>, <a href="/wiki/B%C3%B3kstafur" title="Bókstafur">bókstafa-</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tala_(st%C3%A6r%C3%B0fr%C3%A6%C3%B0i)" title="Tala (stærðfræði)">talna-</a> eða <a href="/wiki/T%C3%A1kn" title="Tákn">táknarunur</a> má spegla á þann hátt að þau verð eins hvort sem lesið er áfram eða afturábak, t.d. </p> <ul><li>Rör</li> <li>Radar</li> <li>Algul ugla</li> <li>Rut fann illa kallinn aftur</li> <li>Löggur banna bruggöl</li> <li>12321</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Stærðfræði"><span id="St.C3.A6r.C3.B0fr.C3.A6.C3.B0i"></span>Stærðfræði</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Samhverfa&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Breyti hluta: Stærðfræði" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>breyta</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Samhverfa&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section's source code: Stærðfræði"><span>breyta frumkóða</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Samhverfa gegnir mikilvægu hlutverki innan <a href="/wiki/St%C3%A6r%C3%B0fr%C3%A6%C3%B0i" title="Stærðfræði">stærðfræðinna</a>, því hún leyfir einföldun og alhæfingar, t.d. </p> <ul><li>kallast <a href="/wiki/Fall_(st%C3%A6r%C3%B0fr%C3%A6%C3%B0i)" title="Fall (stærðfræði)">fall</a> f(x), samhverft um y-ás ef f(x) = f(-x) gildir fyrir öll x</li> <li>kallast <a href="/w/index.php?title=R%C3%BAmmynd&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Rúmmynd (síða er ekki enn til)">rúmmynd</a> samhverf ef mögulegt er að hluta hana niður í einslaga rúmmyndir</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jafngildisvensl" title="Jafngildisvensl">jafngildisvensl</a> „~“ á <a href="/wiki/Mengi" title="Mengi">mengi</a> S kallast samhverf ef eftirfarandi fyrir öll stök <i>a</i> og <i>b</i> í S gildir: <i>a</i> ~ <i>b</i> <=> <i>b</i> ~ <i>a</i></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Eðlisfræði"><span id="E.C3.B0lisfr.C3.A6.C3.B0i"></span>Eðlisfræði</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Samhverfa&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Breyti hluta: Eðlisfræði" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>breyta</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Samhverfa&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section's source code: Eðlisfræði"><span>breyta frumkóða</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/E%C3%B0lisfr%C3%A6%C3%B0i" title="Eðlisfræði">Eðlisfræðin</a> leyfir alhæfingar, sem byggjast á samhverfu, t.d. </p> <ul><li>má reikna <a href="/wiki/R%C3%BAmm%C3%A1l" title="Rúmmál">rúmmál</a> hluta með <i>snúðsamhvefu</i> með því að <a href="/wiki/Heildun" title="Heildun">heilda</a> fallið 2<span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle pi}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>p</mi> <mi>i</mi> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle pi}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/ba86bd277bdfbcb0caadce80317f52d34f168178" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.671ex; margin-left: -0.089ex; width:2.061ex; height:2.509ex;" alt="{\displaystyle pi}"></span>f(x)dx, þar sem <a href="/wiki/Ferill" title="Ferill">ferillinn</a> f(x)lýsir <a href="/wiki/Yfirbor%C3%B0" title="Yfirborð">yfirborði</a> hlutarins með x-ás er samhverfuás.</li> <li>eru <a href="/wiki/Kraftur" title="Kraftur">kraft-</a> og <a href="/wiki/Rafsvi%C3%B0" title="Rafsvið">rafsvið</a> frá pukntmassa eða punkthleðslu samhverf um punktinn</li> <li>Emmy Noether,<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> sem leiðbeindi Einstein í stærðfræði sannaði mikilvægt lögmál, sem mikið er notað og við hana kennt, sem segir að samhverfu fylgi varðveislulögmál.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Efnafræði"><span id="Efnafr.C3.A6.C3.B0i"></span>Efnafræði</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Samhverfa&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Breyti hluta: Efnafræði" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>breyta</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Samhverfa&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section's source code: Efnafræði"><span>breyta frumkóða</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Efnafræðin fallar m.a. samhverfu <a href="/wiki/Sameind" title="Sameind">sameinda</a> og <a href="/wiki/Efnahvarf" title="Efnahvarf">efnahvarfa</a>, t.d. </p> <ul><li>líta samhverfar sameindir eins út sé þeim snúið um samhverfuás</li> <li>samhverf efnahvörf gagna jafn í báðar áttir.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Tenglar">Tenglar</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Samhverfa&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Breyti hluta: Tenglar" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>breyta</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Samhverfa&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section's source code: Tenglar"><span>breyta frumkóða</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.visindavefur.hi.is/svar.php?id=3775">Um samhverfur á Vísindavef Háskóla Íslands</a><sup>[<i><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot" class="extiw" title="en:Wikipedia:Link rot">óvirkur tengill</a></i>]</sup></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.baggalutur.is/samhverfur.php">Samhverfur á heimasíðu Baggalúts</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080314060532/http://www.baggalutur.is/samhverfur.php">Geymt</a> 14 mars 2008 í <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://mennta.hi.is/verkefni/lokaverkefni/v2006/hilduroglaufey/samhverfa.htm"><i>Mynstur - Stærðfræði og listir</i></a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120315103544/http://mennta.hi.is/verkefni/lokaverkefni/v2006/hilduroglaufey/samhverfa.htm">Geymt</a> 15 mars 2012 í <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></li></ul> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-1">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1870430">.mw-parser-output .citation a.new{color:black}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .citation a.new{color:white}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .citation a.new{color:white}}.mw-parser-output .citation{word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1873994">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:#d33}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:#d33}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#2C882D;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911F}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{color:#f8a397}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{color:#f8a397}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911F}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emmy_Noether">„Emmy Noether“</a>. en.Wikipedia<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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