DHQ: Digital Humanities Quarterly: 2021

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style="margin-left : 7px;" alt=""/><div id="leftsideID"><b>ISSN 1938-4122</b><br/></div><div class="leftsidecontent"><h3>Announcements</h3><ul><li><a href="/dhq/news/news.html#peer_reviews">Call for Reviewers</a></li><li><a href="/dhq/submissions/index.html#logistics">Call for Submissions</a></li></ul></div><div class="leftsidecontent"><script type="text/javascript">addthis_pub = 'dhq';</script><a href="http://www.addthis.com/bookmark.php" onmouseover="return addthis_open(this, '', '[URL]', '[TITLE]')" onmouseout="addthis_close()" onclick="return addthis_sendto()"><img src="http://s9.addthis.com/button1-addthis.gif" width="125" height="16" alt="button1-addthis.gif"/></a><script type="text/javascript" src="http://s7.addthis.com/js/152/addthis_widget.js"></script></div></div><div id="mainContent"><div id="printSiteTitle">DHQ: Digital Humanities Quarterly</div><div id="toc"> <h1>2021 15.3</h1> <h2>Articles</h2> <div class="articleInfo" style="margin:0 0 1em 0;"><span class="monospace">[en] </span><a href="/dhq/vol/15/3/000560/000560.html">Transforming Information Into Knowledge: How Computational Methods Reshape Art History</a><div style="padding-left:1em; margin:0;text-indent:-1em;">Sabine Lang, Interdisciplinary Center for Scientific Computing, Heidelberg Collaboratory for Image Processing, Heidelberg University; Björn Ommer, Interdisciplinary Center for Scientific Computing, Heidelberg Collaboratory for Image Processing, Heidelberg University</div><span class="viewAbstract">Abstract <span class="viewAbstract monospace" style="display:inline" id="abstractExpanderabstract000560en"><a title="View Abstract" class="expandCollapse monospace" href="javascript:expandAbstract('abstract000560en')">[en]</a></span><span style="display:none" class="abstract" id="abstract000560en"> Current research in computer vision highlights the potential of using computational methods to analyze and access large datasets of real images and videos, performing tasks such as object detection or finding visual similarities. This essay describes how the application of these computational methods to digital art data transforms information inherent in images into new knowledge. We support this claim by presenting various research examples in the field of digital art history, which utilize computational methods for art analysis. We argue that in order to create new knowledge, we must involve transformative processes — from analog to digital data and digital to computational methods. Traditional methods used in art history to access datasets, link or edit images provide suggestions and validations for current practices, but are not sufficient role models for the processing of digital data because they were developed under varying technological conditions and standards and within a different historical context. Aby Warburg’s (1866-1929) <cite class="italic">Mnemosyne Atlas</cite>, which aimed to visualize visual continuities from antiquity to the Renaissance, is one method often cited in the context of digital humanities. We argue that the characteristics of digital data, for example being reproducible or modifiable, require innovative computer methods that do not have a direct analog counterpart. Our argument is based on the success of current projects and personal experience: the authors have expertise in computer vision and art history. They have created and applied computational methods to analyze art data and are thus able to identify shortcomings of traditional approaches and suggest possible solutions. Eventually this essay presents solutions, which demonstrate the great potential of computational methods for a data analysis: approaches enable an easy and explorative access to digital image collections through visualization techniques or an automatic object search. Computational methods establish links between thousands of images, thereby identifying the adaptation of specific motifs or styles by artists over time, or enable a conspicuous editing of images, thus providing new insights for art history unobtainable with analog methods. </span></span><span class="Z3988" title="url_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzotero.org%3A2&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Transforming%20Information%20Into%20Knowledge%3A%20How%20Computational%20Methods%20Reshape%20Art%20History&rft.jtitle=Digital%20Humanities%20Quarterly&rft.stitle=DHQ&rft.issn=1938-4122&rft.date=2021-08-21&rft.volume=015&rft.issue=3&rft.aulast=Lang&rft.aufirst=Sabine&rft.au=Sabine%20Lang&rft.au=Björn%20Ommer"> </span></div> <div class="articleInfo" style="margin:0 0 1em 0;"><span class="monospace">[en] </span><a href="/dhq/vol/15/3/000549/000549.html">A Model for Representing Diachronic Terminologies: the Saussure Case Study</a><div style="padding-left:1em; margin:0;text-indent:-1em;">Silvia Piccini, Institute for Computational Linguistics; Andrea Bellandi, Institute for Computational Linguistics; Emiliano Giovannetti, Institute for Computational Linguistics</div><span class="viewAbstract">Abstract <span class="viewAbstract monospace" style="display:inline" id="abstractExpanderabstract000549en"><a title="View Abstract" class="expandCollapse monospace" href="javascript:expandAbstract('abstract000549en')">[en]</a></span><span style="display:none" class="abstract" id="abstract000549en"> The aim of this article is to present a model for representing in an explicit and formal way the diachronic evolution of concepts and terms in a given domain, so that this formalization can be machine-actionable. The approach we here propose is based on Semantic Web technologies in order to guarantee interoperability and reuse across scientific communities of diachronic terminological resources that can be thus easily accessed, interconnected and mutually enriched. More specifically, the representation of dynamic evolution of terms and concepts was performed in OWL using the N-ary relations mechanisms. In addition, a set of SWRL rules was set up, in order to automatically identify the evolution of the concepts evoked within a text, as well as the terms representing these concepts. Our model was adopted to formally represent diachronic aspects of Saussure’s terminology as they emerge from his works. An example will be provided to highlight the potential of such a knowledge structuration for gaining a wider understanding of the profound terminological and conceptual changes brought about by the paradigmatic and epistemological revolutions in sciences. </span></span><span class="Z3988" title="url_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzotero.org%3A2&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=A%20Model%20for%20Representing%20Diachronic%20Terminologies%3A%20the%20Saussure%20Case%20Study&rft.jtitle=Digital%20Humanities%20Quarterly&rft.stitle=DHQ&rft.issn=1938-4122&rft.date=2021-07-30&rft.volume=015&rft.issue=3&rft.aulast=Piccini&rft.aufirst=Silvia&rft.au=Silvia%20Piccini&rft.au=Andrea%20Bellandi&rft.au=Emiliano%20Giovannetti"> </span></div> <div class="articleInfo" style="margin:0 0 1em 0;"><span class="monospace">[en] </span><a href="/dhq/vol/15/3/000570/000570.html">Learning Digital Humanities in a Community of Practice: the DEAR model of Postgraduate Research Training</a><div style="padding-left:1em; margin:0;text-indent:-1em;">Francesca Benatti, The Open University; Paul Gooding, University of Glasgow; Matthew Sillence, University of East Anglia</div><span class="viewAbstract">Abstract <span class="viewAbstract monospace" style="display:inline" id="abstractExpanderabstract000570en"><a title="View Abstract" class="expandCollapse monospace" href="javascript:expandAbstract('abstract000570en')">[en]</a></span><span style="display:none" class="abstract" id="abstract000570en"> To date, there has been relatively little discussion of how the UK doctoral funding landscape shapes digital humanities pedagogy for postgraduate research students. This article sets out to address this relative lack, by introducing the inter- and multi-disciplinary context in which many students in the UK work. We examine the phenomenon of students who are not necessarily interested in becoming DH practitioners, but have identified DH as a knowledge gap in their own disciplinary practice. Such a realisation changes the nature of the learner within DH communities of practice, requiring a different form of learning. This study therefore explores learning within a community of practice, the inter- and multi-disciplinary space in which digital humanities practitioners operate. First, drawing on the diverse disciplinary landscape, it highlights an individual's learning journey through self-determined learning (heutagogy). Second, it outlines an idea of digital humanities pedagogy for postgraduate research based on current frameworks of digital literacies and broader researcher development in the UK, framing research activity as learning. Third, it presents the DEAR model for learning and teaching design, which is based on four principles: Diversity; Employability; Application; and Reflection. Finally, it provides an evaluation of the DEAR model in the context of one UK Doctoral Training Partnership (DTP). It contributes to understanding of pedagogical practices for doctoral-level DH training and provides a set of recommendations for instructors to adopt and adapt these pedagogical principles in their own programmes. </span></span><span class="Z3988" title="url_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzotero.org%3A2&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Learning%20Digital%20Humanities%20in%20a%20Community%20of%20Practice%3A%20the%20DEAR%20model%20of%20Postgraduate%20Research%20Training&rft.jtitle=Digital%20Humanities%20Quarterly&rft.stitle=DHQ&rft.issn=1938-4122&rft.date=2021-10-15&rft.volume=015&rft.issue=3&rft.aulast=Benatti&rft.aufirst=Francesca&rft.au=Francesca%20Benatti&rft.au=Paul%20Gooding&rft.au=Matthew%20Sillence"> </span></div> <div class="articleInfo" style="margin:0 0 1em 0;"><span class="monospace">[en] </span><a href="/dhq/vol/15/3/000567/000567.html">An Approach to Designing Project-Based Digital Humanities Internships</a><div style="padding-left:1em; margin:0;text-indent:-1em;">Clayton McCarl, University of North Florida</div><span class="viewAbstract">Abstract <span class="viewAbstract monospace" style="display:inline" id="abstractExpanderabstract000567en"><a title="View Abstract" class="expandCollapse monospace" href="javascript:expandAbstract('abstract000567en')">[en]</a></span><span style="display:none" class="abstract" id="abstract000567en"> This article proposes an approach to designing project-based, credit–bearing digital humanities internships, based on experiences engaging students with digital projects affiliated with the Digital Humanities Institute at the University of North Florida. The author reviews recent scholarship on experiential learning and DH pedagogy, and considers why digital humanities internships are valuable for students, faculty, and institutions. The article outlines three general types of DH internships, providing examples for each, and suggesting possible student learning outcomes and a general course structure. The institutional factors necessary to make such experiences possible are also examined. </span></span><span class="Z3988" title="url_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzotero.org%3A2&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=An%20Approach%20to%20Designing%20Project-Based%20Digital%20Humanities%20Internships&rft.jtitle=Digital%20Humanities%20Quarterly&rft.stitle=DHQ&rft.issn=1938-4122&rft.date=2021-10-15&rft.volume=015&rft.issue=3&rft.aulast=McCarl&rft.aufirst=Clayton&rft.au=Clayton%20McCarl"> </span></div> <div class="articleInfo" style="margin:0 0 1em 0;"><span class="monospace">[en] </span><a href="/dhq/vol/15/3/000563/000563.html">Translation Alignment for Historical Language Learning: a Case Study</a><div style="padding-left:1em; margin:0;text-indent:-1em;">Chiara Palladino, Classics, Furman University; Maryam Foradi, University of Leipzig; Tariq Yousef, Institute of Computer Science, University of Leipzig</div><span class="viewAbstract">Abstract <span class="viewAbstract monospace" style="display:inline" id="abstractExpanderabstract000563en"><a title="View Abstract" class="expandCollapse monospace" href="javascript:expandAbstract('abstract000563en')">[en]</a></span><span style="display:none" class="abstract" id="abstract000563en"> This paper proposes text alignment in digital environments as a way to empower language learning. It presents the principles and goals of text alignment in Natural Language Processing, and introduces Ugarit, a web-based translation alignment editor for the collection of aligned language pairs. Then, it reports observations on the application of translation alignment in historical language courses at Tufts and Furman University between 2017 and 2019. </span></span><span class="Z3988" title="url_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzotero.org%3A2&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Translation%20Alignment%20for%20Historical%20Language%20Learning%3A%20a%20Case%20Study&rft.jtitle=Digital%20Humanities%20Quarterly&rft.stitle=DHQ&rft.issn=1938-4122&rft.date=2021-10-15&rft.volume=015&rft.issue=3&rft.aulast=Palladino&rft.aufirst=Chiara&rft.au=Chiara%20Palladino&rft.au=Maryam%20Foradi&rft.au=Tariq%20Yousef"> </span></div> <div class="articleInfo" style="margin:0 0 1em 0;"><span class="monospace">[en] </span><a href="/dhq/vol/15/3/000561/000561.html">How to cite this digital edition?</a><div style="padding-left:1em; margin:0;text-indent:-1em;">Roman Bleier, Centre for Information Modelling, University of Graz</div><span class="viewAbstract">Abstract <span class="viewAbstract monospace" style="display:inline" id="abstractExpanderabstract000561en"><a title="View Abstract" class="expandCollapse monospace" href="javascript:expandAbstract('abstract000561en')">[en]</a></span><span style="display:none" class="abstract" id="abstract000561en"> Citing and referencing is an important aspect of scholarship as it makes research processes retraceable and transparent. Over centuries citation practices have been optimized for print publications. However, the digital revolution and the increased scholarly output online provide new challenges. For instance, the physical form of the book which was the basis for citation styles in the past is replaces by different types of online resources of which only some resemble books. Another issue is that digital resources on the internet are not as durable as printed books that are distributed in multiple copies in libraries across the world. For scholarly citation this is a problem as a website referenced today, might not be available tomorrow or might have changed its address which is frequently used for referencing. Editions, in print or digital, are supposed to be stable reference points for scholarly discourse as discussions the scholarly community engages today should still be reproducible in 50 or 100 years – as it is the case with printed scholarly editions from the 19th century. Consequently, assurance of long-term availability of resources and clarity of how and what to cite in a digital edition is vital. That the lack of providing this kind of assurance and information makes online resources less attractive for citation has been shown in a recently published survey using as a case study British History Online and Early English Books Online. The survey assessed if researchers prefer to cite print or digital resources and the results indicate that there is still a very strong “culture of non-citation” of electronic resources among students and researchers in the humanities. The authors of the study suggest that creators of web content can contribute to facilitate the citation of digital resources by providing recommendations on how to cite a resource and by having a solid permalink strategy .The following study tries to explore this topic further. After a brief introduction and discussion of the key issues of digital citation such as “broken links” and strategies to provide persistent identifiers for the citation and access of online content, the results of a survey of 100 digital scholarly editions will be presented. The survey focuses on citation recommendations provided and permalink strategies used by digital scholarly editions. In this context the paper will look at how permalink/PID strategies and citation recommendations can make digital editions better citable. A closer look will be taken at citation recommendations of selected editions in order to highlight possible solutions. </span></span><span class="Z3988" title="url_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzotero.org%3A2&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=How%20to%20cite%20this%20digital%20edition%3F&rft.jtitle=Digital%20Humanities%20Quarterly&rft.stitle=DHQ&rft.issn=1938-4122&rft.date=2021-10-15&rft.volume=015&rft.issue=3&rft.aulast=Bleier&rft.aufirst=Roman&rft.au=Roman%20Bleier"> </span></div> <div class="articleInfo" style="margin:0 0 1em 0;"><span class="monospace">[en] </span><a href="/dhq/vol/15/3/000568/000568.html">Virtual museums as an extended museum experience: Challenges and impacts for museology, digital humanities, museums and visitors – in times of (Coronavirus) crisis</a><div style="padding-left:1em; margin:0;text-indent:-1em;">Bernadette Biedermann, University of Graz</div><span class="viewAbstract">Abstract <span class="viewAbstract monospace" style="display:inline" id="abstractExpanderabstract000568en"><a title="View Abstract" class="expandCollapse monospace" href="javascript:expandAbstract('abstract000568en')">[en]</a></span><span style="display:none" class="abstract" id="abstract000568en"> Since there has been a recent trend to establishing virtual museums, which various institutions have swiftly responded to, the objective of this paper is to understand the nature of virtual and/or digital museums by focusing on their particular characteristics. In this approach, the paper proceeds from the assumption that museum representations in the virtual space and/or virtual museums could extend conventional or physical museum space, leading to enhanced visitor attraction and experience. The paper thus focuses on the virtual museum as an interdisciplinary and transdisciplinary object of investigation from the perspective of museology and digital humanities and seeks to ascertain whether scholarly and practical impacts are achieved. It also analyses the expected impacts on practical museum work and visitor needs, especially with respect to the tasks museums are required to fulfil in times of crisis. </span></span><span class="Z3988" title="url_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzotero.org%3A2&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Virtual%20museums%20as%20an%20extended%20museum%20experience%3A%20Challenges%20and%20impacts%20for%20museology,%20digital%20humanities,%20museums%20and%20visitors%20–%20in%20times%20of%20(Coronavirus)%20crisis&rft.jtitle=Digital%20Humanities%20Quarterly&rft.stitle=DHQ&rft.issn=1938-4122&rft.date=2021-10-15&rft.volume=015&rft.issue=3&rft.aulast=Biedermann&rft.aufirst=Bernadette&rft.au=Bernadette%20Biedermann"> </span></div> <div class="articleInfo" style="margin:0 0 1em 0;"><span class="monospace">[en] </span><a href="/dhq/vol/15/3/000554/000554.html">Developing Research through Podcasts: Circulating Spaces, A Case Study</a><div style="padding-left:1em; margin:0;text-indent:-1em;">Christian Howard-Sukhil, University of California, Berkeley; Samantha Wallace, University of Virginia; Ankita Chakrabarti, University of Virginia</div><span class="viewAbstract">Abstract <span class="viewAbstract monospace" style="display:inline" id="abstractExpanderabstract000554en"><a title="View Abstract" class="expandCollapse monospace" href="javascript:expandAbstract('abstract000554en')">[en]</a></span><span style="display:none" class="abstract" id="abstract000554en"> In this article, we contend that the podcast serves as an alternative method of conducting and pursuing academic research in an increasingly collaborative, increasingly global era. <cite class="italic">Circulating Spaces: Literary and Language Worlds in a Global Age</cite>, a podcast series created, produced, and published by the authors, acts as our case study. The podcast models a complex network of relations by highlighting topics and featuring guests who co-exist within academic and “public” (often understood as non-academic) spaces. These networks help to reshape our understanding of the “publics” of academia by breaking down the binary between the public and academic. They point toward ways in which more nuanced networks of affinity between the academy and the public may be constructed and negotiated by embracing the digital and the open. Finally, we locate our work within the fields of digital scholarship and the Digital Humanities more specifically in order to understand the work accomplished by non-traditional forms of scholarship.A note on author attribution: Christian Howard-Sukhil and Samantha Wallace originally drafted and equally contributed to the ideas expressed in this article. Ankita Chakrabarti, who joined the project team a year after the initial collaboration, was instrumental in ensuring that these ideas coalesced, especially given the new presentation of materials in Season 2 of <cite class="italic">Circulating Spaces</cite>. Christian Howard-Sukhil and Samantha Wallace were co-hosts and co-producers for Season 1 of <cite class="italic">Circulating Spaces</cite>; Christian Howard-Sukhil and Ankita Chakrabarti were co-hosts and co-producers for Season 2 of <cite class="italic">Circulating Spaces</cite>. </span></span><span class="Z3988" title="url_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzotero.org%3A2&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Developing%20Research%20through%20Podcasts%3A%20Circulating%20Spaces,%20A%20Case%20Study&rft.jtitle=Digital%20Humanities%20Quarterly&rft.stitle=DHQ&rft.issn=1938-4122&rft.date=2021-10-15&rft.volume=015&rft.issue=3&rft.aulast=Howard-Sukhil&rft.aufirst=Christian&rft.au=Christian%20Howard-Sukhil&rft.au=Samantha%20Wallace&rft.au=Ankita%20Chakrabarti"> </span></div> <div class="articleInfo" style="margin:0 0 1em 0;"><span class="monospace">[en] </span><a href="/dhq/vol/15/3/000569/000569.html">LdoD Visual - A Visual Reader for Fernando Pessoa’s <cite class="italic">Book of Disquiet</cite>: An In-Out-In Metaphor </a><div style="padding-left:1em; margin:0;text-indent:-1em;">José Raposo, University of Lisbon, INESC-ID, IST; António Rito Silva, University of Lisbon, INESC-ID, IST; Manuel Portela, University of Coimbra, CLP-Centre for Portuguese Literature</div><span class="viewAbstract">Abstract <span class="viewAbstract monospace" style="display:inline" id="abstractExpanderabstract000569en"><a title="View Abstract" class="expandCollapse monospace" href="javascript:expandAbstract('abstract000569en')">[en]</a></span><span style="display:none" class="abstract" id="abstract000569en"> There is an increasing use of information visualization techniques in Digital Humanities to support the analysis of literary works. On the other hand, the rise of digital reading on the web as well as the development of dedicated e-book readers has triggered a variety of hardware and software solutions to provide new reading environments and new material engagements with textual forms. In this paper, we propose a new metaphor, In-Out-In metaphor, to support the reading of literary works in a digital medium. Our model integrates information visualization techniques with plain text reading into the reading flow. This approach differs from the well-known dichotomy between close and distant reading because its emphasis is not on supporting the analysis of the texts being read, but on providing a smooth flow between focus and digression, which naturally occurs during a reading experience. We present a solution to read and explore the <cite class="italic">Book of Disquiet</cite> by Fernando Pessoa, an unfinished book composed of a set of modular texts that have been edited in different sequences and which can be read multi-sequentially. The research and design decisions for the visual reader of the <cite class="italic">Book of Disquiet</cite> are meant to provide an appealing, rich and interactive online reading experience through a web-based application, LdoD Visual. The implemented features apply information visualization techniques with an emphasis on exploring the modular nature of the book. Since this is a fragmentary literary work, its reading can be fragmentary as well, but providing a smooth multiple flow reading experience. </span></span><span class="Z3988" title="url_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzotero.org%3A2&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=LdoD%20Visual%20-%20A%20Visual%20Reader%20for%20Fernando%20Pessoa%E2%80%99s%20Book%20of%20Disquiet%3A%20An%20In-Out-In%20Metaphor&rft.jtitle=Digital%20Humanities%20Quarterly&rft.stitle=DHQ&rft.issn=1938-4122&rft.date=2021-10-15&rft.volume=015&rft.issue=3&rft.aulast=Raposo&rft.aufirst=José&rft.au=José%20Raposo&rft.au=António%20Rito Silva&rft.au=Manuel%20Portela"> </span></div> <div class="articleInfo" style="margin:0 0 1em 0;"><span class="monospace">[en] </span><a href="/dhq/vol/15/3/000571/000571.html">Prison Writer as Witness: Can DH Read for Social Justice?</a><div style="padding-left:1em; margin:0;text-indent:-1em;">Doran Larson, Hamilton College</div><span class="viewAbstract">Abstract <span class="viewAbstract monospace" style="display:inline" id="abstractExpanderabstract000571en"><a title="View Abstract" class="expandCollapse monospace" href="javascript:expandAbstract('abstract000571en')">[en]</a></span><span style="display:none" class="abstract" id="abstract000571en"> Drawing from a largest and first fully-searchable digital archive of non-fiction essays by incarcerated people writing about their experience inside US prisons and jail, the article proposes that there exists a broad, well established, but underappreciated mid-range manner of reading that stands between traditional close reading and computer-aided distant reading of first-person witness testimony. This mid-range or “cellular” reading method attends both to the singularity of each text, and ventures widely enough to grasp that each text gains credence and expository authority as one among aggregates of witness testimony; it is, moreover, in facilitating such mid-range reading that DH can provide readers with the foundation for moving from secondary witness and into acting for social change. </span></span><span class="Z3988" title="url_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzotero.org%3A2&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Prison%20Writer%20as%20Witness%3A%20Can%20DH%20Read%20for%20Social%20Justice%3F&rft.jtitle=Digital%20Humanities%20Quarterly&rft.stitle=DHQ&rft.issn=1938-4122&rft.date=2021-10-15&rft.volume=015&rft.issue=3&rft.aulast=Larson&rft.aufirst=Doran&rft.au=Doran%20Larson"> </span></div> <div class="articleInfo" style="margin:0 0 1em 0;"><span class="monospace">[en] </span><a href="/dhq/vol/15/3/000559/000559.html">Probing Through Iranian Architectural History Within the Framework of an Ontology Development Process</a><div style="padding-left:1em; margin:0;text-indent:-1em;">Dena Shamsizadeh Hayatdavoodi, Shahid Beheshti University; Niloofar Razavi, Faculty of Architecture & Urban Planning, Shahid Beheshti University; Mehrdad Qayyoomi Bidhendi, Faculty of Architecture & Urban Planning, Shahid Beheshti University</div><span class="viewAbstract">Abstract <span class="viewAbstract monospace" style="display:inline" id="abstractExpanderabstract000559en"><a title="View Abstract" class="expandCollapse monospace" href="javascript:expandAbstract('abstract000559en')">[en]</a></span><span style="display:none" class="abstract" id="abstract000559en"> This paper presents a prototype ontology developed in the field of Iranian architectural history. The paper’s central arguments offer a response to questions regarding how to create an ontology in Iranian architectural history, what consideration must be addressed here, and how to resolve problematic issues in developing an ontology in a field such as Iranian architectural history, which lacks a formalized knowledge. The paper is organized into two parts. It primarily presents a discussion on the specific domain of architectural history and what it encompasses and moves on to examine why it is deemed complicated. After that, the process of creating Iranian architectural history ontology and the methodology applied to match the intended domain is explained. In the second part of the paper, the content of the developed ontology is discussed, which includes various parts of the ontology and what it implies to illustrate how the structure of ontology helps in logically representing the domain in a machine-readable format. </span></span><span class="Z3988" title="url_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzotero.org%3A2&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Probing%20Through%20Iranian%20Architectural%20History%20Within%20the%20Framework%20of%20an%20Ontology%20Development%20Process&rft.jtitle=Digital%20Humanities%20Quarterly&rft.stitle=DHQ&rft.issn=1938-4122&rft.date=2021-10-19&rft.volume=015&rft.issue=3&rft.aulast=Hayatdavoodi&rft.aufirst=Dena Shamsizadeh&rft.au=Dena Shamsizadeh%20Hayatdavoodi&rft.au=Niloofar%20Razavi&rft.au=Mehrdad Qayyoomi%20Bidhendi"> </span></div> <h2>Reviews</h2> <div class="articleInfo" style="margin:0 0 1em 0;"><span class="monospace">[en] </span><a href="/dhq/vol/15/3/000546/000546.html">The First Steps of Digital Humanities: A Review of Tara L. Andrews and Caroline Macé’s Analysis of Ancient and Medieval Texts and Manuscripts: Digital Approaches</a><div style="padding-left:1em; margin:0;text-indent:-1em;">Giulia Freni, Classics Department, University of Siena</div><span class="viewAbstract">Abstract <span class="viewAbstract monospace" style="display:inline" id="abstractExpanderabstract000546en"><a title="View Abstract" class="expandCollapse monospace" href="javascript:expandAbstract('abstract000546en')">[en]</a></span><span style="display:none" class="abstract" id="abstract000546en"> Analysis of Ancient and Medieval Texts and Manuscripts: Digital Approaches discusses the possibilities offered by collaboration between classical studies and digital resources, in order to explore what could be the future of digital humanities. </span></span><span class="Z3988" title="url_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzotero.org%3A2&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=The%20First%20Steps%20of%20Digital%20Humanities%3A%20A%20Review%20of%20Tara%20L.%20Andrews%20and%20Caroline%20Macé%E2%80%99s%20Analysis%20of%20Ancient%20and%20Medieval%20Texts%20and%20Manuscripts%3A%20Digital%20Approaches&rft.jtitle=Digital%20Humanities%20Quarterly&rft.stitle=DHQ&rft.issn=1938-4122&rft.date=2021-09-17&rft.volume=015&rft.issue=3&rft.aulast=Freni&rft.aufirst=Giulia&rft.au=Giulia%20Freni"> </span></div> <div class="articleInfo" style="margin:0 0 1em 0;"><span class="monospace">[en] </span><a href="/dhq/vol/15/3/000565/000565.html">Review: Katherine Bode's <cite class="italic">A World of Fiction</cite></a><div style="padding-left:1em; margin:0;text-indent:-1em;">Ryan Cordell, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign</div><span class="viewAbstract">Abstract <span class="viewAbstract monospace" style="display:inline" id="abstractExpanderabstract000565en"><a title="View Abstract" class="expandCollapse monospace" href="javascript:expandAbstract('abstract000565en')">[en]</a></span><span style="display:none" class="abstract" id="abstract000565en"> Katherine Bode theorizes a new approach to “data rich” literary history, in which the researcher constructs a “a scholarly edition of a literary system” pairing annotated data with a critical apparatus. Bode challenges the rhetoric around distant reading, arguing it recapitulates the historical oversights of New Criticism. <cite class="italic">A World of Fiction</cite> comprises a book and paired database which apply this framework to the fiction published in nineteenth-century Australian newspapers. Bode's investigation advances new ideas about the gender of Australian fiction authors, the networks of influence among provincial and metropolitan newspapers, and the national character of fiction in the period. <cite class="italic">A World of Fiction</cite> is an important intervention in conversations about computational literary-historical analysis, as well as around the construction and use of digitized historical archives. </span></span><span class="Z3988" title="url_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzotero.org%3A2&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Review%3A%20Katherine%20Bode's%20A%20World%20of%20Fiction&rft.jtitle=Digital%20Humanities%20Quarterly&rft.stitle=DHQ&rft.issn=1938-4122&rft.date=2021-08-21&rft.volume=015&rft.issue=3&rft.aulast=Cordell&rft.aufirst=Ryan&rft.au=Ryan%20Cordell"> </span></div> <div class="articleInfo" style="margin:0 0 1em 0;"><span class="monospace">[en] </span><a href="/dhq/vol/15/3/000572/000572.html">Digital Stages for Old Plays: A Review of <cite>Shakespeare’s Language in Digital Media: Old Words, New Tools</cite> </a><div style="padding-left:1em; margin:0;text-indent:-1em;">Jason Boyd, Ryerson University</div><span class="viewAbstract">Abstract <span class="viewAbstract monospace" style="display:inline" id="abstractExpanderabstract000572en"><a title="View Abstract" class="expandCollapse monospace" href="javascript:expandAbstract('abstract000572en')">[en]</a></span><span style="display:none" class="abstract" id="abstract000572en"> <cite class="italic">Shakespeare’s Language in Digital Media: Old Words, New Tools</cite> offers a collection of essays focused on Shakespeare’s (or Shakespeare-adjacent) plays and how they can be newly-understood and newly-edited with a range of digital repositories, creation platforms, and tools. The collection provides solid content and provocative ideas about the possible paths to integrating Shakespeare’s and other early modern English-focused content online. </span></span><span class="Z3988" title="url_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzotero.org%3A2&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Digital%20Stages%20for%20Old%20Plays%3A%20A%20Review%20of%20Shakespeare%E2%80%99s%20Language%20in%20Digital%20Media%3A%20Old%20Words,%20New%20Tools&rft.jtitle=Digital%20Humanities%20Quarterly&rft.stitle=DHQ&rft.issn=1938-4122&rft.date=2021-10-15&rft.volume=015&rft.issue=3&rft.aulast=Boyd&rft.aufirst=Jason&rft.au=Jason%20Boyd"> </span></div> <h2><a href="/dhq/vol/15/3/bios.html">Author Biographies</a></h2></div><div id="footer"><div style="float:left; max-width:70%;"> URL: http://www.digitalhumanities.org/dhq/vol/15/3/index.html<br/> Comments: <a href="mailto:dhqinfo@digitalhumanities.org" class="footer">dhqinfo@digitalhumanities.org</a><br/> Published by: <a href="http://www.digitalhumanities.org" class="footer">The Alliance of Digital Humanities Organizations</a> and <a href="http://www.ach.org" class="footer">The Association for Computers and the Humanities</a><br/>Affiliated with: <a href="https://academic.oup.com/dsh">Digital Scholarship in the Humanities</a><br/> DHQ has been made possible in part by the <a href="https://www.neh.gov/">National Endowment for the Humanities</a>.<br/>Copyright © 2005 - <script type="text/javascript"> var currentDate = new Date(); document.write(currentDate.getFullYear());</script><br/><a rel="license" href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/4.0/"><img alt="Creative Commons License" style="border-width:0" src="https://i.creativecommons.org/l/by-nd/4.0/80x15.png"/></a><br/>Unless otherwise noted, the DHQ web site and all DHQ published content are published under a <a rel="license" href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/4.0/">Creative Commons Attribution-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License</a>. 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DHQ: Digital Humanities Quarterly: 2021