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class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:MD._SAIFULLAH_ZAFAR_INTRACTING_WITH_STUDENTS.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/MD._SAIFULLAH_ZAFAR_INTRACTING_WITH_STUDENTS.jpg/307px-MD._SAIFULLAH_ZAFAR_INTRACTING_WITH_STUDENTS.jpg" decoding="async" width="307" height="230" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/MD._SAIFULLAH_ZAFAR_INTRACTING_WITH_STUDENTS.jpg/461px-MD._SAIFULLAH_ZAFAR_INTRACTING_WITH_STUDENTS.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/MD._SAIFULLAH_ZAFAR_INTRACTING_WITH_STUDENTS.jpg/614px-MD._SAIFULLAH_ZAFAR_INTRACTING_WITH_STUDENTS.jpg 2x" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="480" /></a><figcaption>Saudi Arabian students in school. Because schools are segregated by gender, there are only males in the class. </figcaption></figure> <p><b>Youth in Saudi Arabia</b> are the citizens of the <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Saudi_Arabia" class="mw-redirect" title="Kingdom of Saudi Arabia">Kingdom of Saudi Arabia</a> who are between the ages of 15 and 24. In 2015, the estimated population was around twenty-seven million, and 19.11% of the population was between the ages of 15 and 24.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Religion impacts the lives of Saudi youth. The government enforces a strict form of <a href="/wiki/Islam" title="Islam">Islam</a> called <a href="/wiki/Wahhabism" title="Wahhabism">Wahhabism</a> as the national religion that affects the areas of family formation, education and political activism.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Islam teaches youth that family should be central to their lives and to respect their parents.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Education in Saudi Arabia largely focuses on learning Islam and memorization.<sup id="cite_ref-:3_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:3-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> These focuses contribute to the employment difficulties of youth as they are not learning the skills that employers look for.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:0_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> High cost of living and career opportunities were two primary concerns of youth in 2014.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_3-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Saudi youth have difficulties being active participants in politics because of the strict Wahhabi religious doctrine and possible punishments. Saudi youth do want a say in their country's political policies and are achieving this by using <a href="/wiki/Popular_media" class="mw-redirect" title="Popular media">popular media</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:13_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:13-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:16_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:16-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Tenth Development Plan's objectives address ways in which youth would be involved in the development of the country.<sup id="cite_ref-:2_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Two health concerns that are present in Saudi youth are <a href="/wiki/Smoking_in_Saudi_Arabia" title="Smoking in Saudi Arabia">smoking</a> and <a href="/wiki/Obesity_in_Saudi_Arabia" title="Obesity in Saudi Arabia">obesity</a>. A 2011 study done in <a href="/wiki/Riyadh" title="Riyadh">Riyadh</a> found that smoking rates among Saudi youth were "high and alarming". Out of 1272 students studied, the percentage of students that were currently smoking was about 19.5% (31.2% of boys and 8.9% of girls), and the percentage of students that had smoked before was about 42.8% (55.6% of boys and 31.4% of girls).<sup id="cite_ref-:7_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:7-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Almost 60% of the Saudi population over sixteen was considered obese in 2014.<sup id="cite_ref-:12_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:12-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Government's_acknowledgement_of_youth"><span id="Government.27s_acknowledgement_of_youth"></span>Government's acknowledgement of youth</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Youth_in_Saudi_Arabia&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Government's acknowledgement of youth"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Young_Children_in_Hofuf_1939_by_Tim_Barger_6810615142.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Young_Children_in_Hofuf_1939_by_Tim_Barger_6810615142.jpg/220px-Young_Children_in_Hofuf_1939_by_Tim_Barger_6810615142.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="169" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Young_Children_in_Hofuf_1939_by_Tim_Barger_6810615142.jpg/330px-Young_Children_in_Hofuf_1939_by_Tim_Barger_6810615142.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Young_Children_in_Hofuf_1939_by_Tim_Barger_6810615142.jpg/440px-Young_Children_in_Hofuf_1939_by_Tim_Barger_6810615142.jpg 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="383" /></a><figcaption>Young children in <a href="/wiki/Hofuf" title="Hofuf">Hofuf</a></figcaption></figure> <p>No official national youth policy currently exists; however, the <a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Economy_and_Planning" class="mw-redirect" title="Ministry of Economy and Planning">Ministry of Economy and Planning</a> and the <a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Development_Programme" title="United Nations Development Programme">United Nations Development Programme</a> worked together between 2009 and 2013 in order to make a "national youth strategy".<sup id="cite_ref-:16_7-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:16-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The National Youth Strategy Project received $1,182,720 and aimed at "enhancing participation of youth in national development processes".<sup id="cite_ref-:16_7-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:16-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The Ninth Development Plan (2010–2014) has a youth section that talks about factors affecting youth and ways to improve their lives.<sup id="cite_ref-:16_7-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:16-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Under the Ninth Developmental Plan, Saudi Arabia's primary governmental agency that is responsible for youth and youth programming is the General Presidency for Youth Welfare, which has a budget of $1.9 billion.<sup id="cite_ref-:16_7-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:16-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The General Presidency for Youth Welfare promotes multiple cultural activities, including arts and crafts and drama and folklore clubs.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It oversees clubs and agencies involved in youth sports and social activities in order to guarantee "balanced development across all youth activities".<sup id="cite_ref-:14_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:14-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The Tenth Development Plan (2015–2019) had as some of its objectives to promote and enhance education as well as youth participation in the development of the country.<sup id="cite_ref-:2_8-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Religion">Religion</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Youth_in_Saudi_Arabia&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Religion"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In a 2011 report, it was found that sympathy or agreement with the <a href="/wiki/Al-Qaeda" title="Al-Qaeda">Al-Qaeda</a> vision of Islam or its ideology is not common among young Saudis because the government of Saudi Arabia termed it as a "deviant" view of <a href="/wiki/Islam" title="Islam">Islam</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:15_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:15-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2014, a survey conducted for the Boston Consultancy Group report on Saudi youth found that 97% of them considered Islam "as the main influence that shapes their identity."<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The Tenth Development Plan (2015-2019) had as one of its objectives to maintain Islamic teachings and values in the lives of its citizens, including youth. </p><p>Due to increased media participation and education, young Saudis are forming their own ideas and views about what is religiously acceptable.<sup id="cite_ref-:15_13-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:15-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Younger Saudis "do not defer to the clerics' pronouncements to the same extent as their older siblings and parents did", according to Caryle Murphy's article, <i>Saudi Arabia's Youth and the Kingdom's Future</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-:15_13-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:15-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Family_formation">Family formation</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Youth_in_Saudi_Arabia&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Family formation"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Family_time.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/Family_time.jpg/220px-Family_time.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/Family_time.jpg/330px-Family_time.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/Family_time.jpg/440px-Family_time.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4608" data-file-height="3456" /></a><figcaption>A family at a park in <a href="/wiki/Jubail" title="Jubail">Jubail</a></figcaption></figure> <p>The teachings of Islam say that the family is central in a person's life and that youth should always show respect towards parents.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_3-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> 98% of young Saudis that responded to a 2014 survey had as one of their goals to make their parents proud.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_3-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> 86% of respondents to the same survey said that they "socialize face-to-face with their parents and relatives every day".<sup id="cite_ref-:1_3-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Traditionally, the family in Saudi Arabia was hierarchical, with the male ruling over the female and the old ruling over the young.<sup id="cite_ref-:10_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:10-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Women were seen as crucial to maintaining the structure of the family by assuming the tasks of managing the house and taking care of the children.<sup id="cite_ref-:11_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:11-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Women, though, are no longer confined to the house because more are receiving an education and working outside the home.<sup id="cite_ref-:11_16-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:11-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Young people are also delaying the age at which they get married, according to Saudi Arabia's Ninth Development Plan.<sup id="cite_ref-:14_12-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:14-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Between the years of 1979 and 2007, there was an increase in the age of marriage, with males being 1.9 years older (27.2 years old) and females being 4.6 years older (24.6 years old).<sup id="cite_ref-:14_12-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:14-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The high cost of marriage ceremonies, and getting and furnishing a home are two reasons that the Ninth Development Plan cites for youth delaying marriage.<sup id="cite_ref-:14_12-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:14-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Education">Education</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Youth_in_Saudi_Arabia&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Education"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Happy_Childhood_Home,_Sayhat,_Qatif_(2).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Happy_Childhood_Home%2C_Sayhat%2C_Qatif_%282%29.jpg/220px-Happy_Childhood_Home%2C_Sayhat%2C_Qatif_%282%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d9/Happy_Childhood_Home%2C_Sayhat%2C_Qatif_%282%29.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="200" /></a><figcaption>Saudi children at school in <a href="/wiki/Sayhat" class="mw-redirect" title="Sayhat">Sayhat</a>, <a href="/wiki/Qatif" title="Qatif">Qatif</a></figcaption></figure> <p><a href="/wiki/Education_in_Saudi_Arabia" title="Education in Saudi Arabia">Education</a> is overseen by the <a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Education_(Saudi_Arabia)" title="Ministry of Education (Saudi Arabia)">Ministry of Education</a>. The 2015 budget increased spending on education by 3%, to $58 billion.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The adjusted net enrollment rate for primary school age children was 97% in 2014, according to the <a href="/wiki/World_Bank_Group" title="World Bank Group">World Bank Group</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2013, the net enrollment rate in secondary school for both sexes was 91.55%.<sup id="cite_ref-:16_7-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:16-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Students attend primary school starting at the age of six until they are twelve years old. Intermediate school is attended by youth that are ages twelve to fifteen, and fifteen- to eighteen-year-olds participate in secondary school.<sup id="cite_ref-:3_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:3-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Schools are segregated by sex: boys are taught by male teachers, while girls are primarily taught by female teachers.<sup id="cite_ref-:3_4-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:3-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Originally, women's education focused on domestic science.<sup id="cite_ref-:10_15-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:10-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> They were primarily taught how to be a good mother and wife. </p><p>Curriculum that is being taught to students in Saudi Arabia has a religious base, specifically <a href="/wiki/Islamic" class="mw-redirect" title="Islamic">Islamic</a> teachings.<sup id="cite_ref-:3_4-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:3-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It emphasizes memorization, rather than solving the problem.<sup id="cite_ref-:3_4-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:3-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Because employers do not always utilize these skills in their business, it is increasingly difficult for young Saudis to find a job.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_5-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In response to the educational shortcomings, King Abdullah established his Public Education Development Project, which was launched in 2007. This was an approximately $3 billion program designed to improve public education.<sup id="cite_ref-:6_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:6-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Some of the goals that this project has for improving youth education are "improving the educational environment and preparing to utilize information and communication technology (ICT) in education to stimulate learning. This is in order to achieve a higher level of efficiency in acquiring information and training, as well as strengthening personal and creative capabilities, developing skills and hobbies, satisfying psychological needs of students, and strengthening ideas as well as national and social relations through extra-curricular activities of various kinds".<sup id="cite_ref-:6_18-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:6-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Public Education Development Project and King Abdullah's scholarship seeks to help students develop problem solving skills as well as a comprehensive world view by allowing students to study in other countries of the world.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_5-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The Ninth Development Plan addresses some policies that can be implemented in order to make the educational system better. For example, it aims to widen the participation of youth in school and university activities, which would make the school more connected to society.<sup id="cite_ref-:14_12-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:14-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Upgrading the academic curriculum so that it is "in line with contemporary knowledge", "developing the curriculum of science, mathematics, engineering and technology" and making sure that Saudi university and scholarship graduates end up in the labor market are three educational objectives of the Tenth Development Plan.<sup id="cite_ref-:2_8-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Even with these plans in place, there is still criticism of the educational system of Saudi Arabia.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_5-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Almost half of the students at the primary and secondary education level were not learning at the levels they should be, and one in three Saudi youth said that education was in their top three areas of concern, according to a 2014 survey.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_3-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Saudi youth believed that they were receiving a good education in terms of Islamic teachings and basic academic subjects; however, they did not feel that they were being adequately prepared to do well in the workforce. These feelings emanated from not being taught soft skills, such as problem solving, teamwork and collaboration, effective communication and critical thinking, that are valued by private-sector employers.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_3-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2013, 58% (gross percent) of the Saudi population was enrolled in tertiary education.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It is estimated that 63% of the degrees that students get are not "useful for private-sector jobs".<sup id="cite_ref-:0_5-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Economics">Economics</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Youth_in_Saudi_Arabia&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Economics"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 2015, the estimated unemployment rate for Saudis that are between the ages of sixteen and twenty-nine is 29%.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_5-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Approximately 1.9 million Saudis will enter the labor force in the next decade.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_5-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Saudi youth cited career opportunities and the high cost of living as concerns in a 2014 survey.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_3-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Both of these areas had regional disparities. For example, 43% of youth respondents from the northern part of the country said that career opportunities were a great concern.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_3-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> 23% of youth respondents from the center part of the country, which includes the capital Riyadh, cited career opportunities as a concern.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_3-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The differences in responses could be the result of a greater number of jobs being available in the capital.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_3-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Nearly 60% of youth respondents cited the high cost of living as one of their top three concerns in the 2014 survey.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_3-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A young Saudi commented that "currently, salaries are very low, and the cost of living is very high. If a young man earns 3,000 or 4,000 riyals per month, how can he afford the cost of living when he might be spending around 200 or 300 riyals per day?"<sup id="cite_ref-:1_3-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> 77% of youth from the east and 71% of youth from the south compared to 38% of youth that resided in the center that participated in the 2014 survey cited high cost of living as a top concern.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_3-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Youth in this country are concerned with the number of foreigners employed within the country because they limit the number of jobs native Saudis can get.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_5-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2013, it was estimated that about 7.5 million foreigners were legally working within the country.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> King Salman and the kingdom's ministries are trying to address this situation through a process known as "Saudization". Saudization is a national movement that seeks to increase the number of citizens employed within the country.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_5-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Requiring employers to meet quotas of Saudi workers is one way that Saudization will be achieved and affects youth because they are or will be entering the labor force.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_5-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Suffrage_and_political_engagement">Suffrage and political engagement</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Youth_in_Saudi_Arabia&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Suffrage and political engagement"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Men are allowed to vote at twenty-one years old.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2015, women were allowed to vote in the <a href="/wiki/Municipal_elections" class="mw-redirect" title="Municipal elections">municipal elections</a> that was held in December 2015.<sup id="cite_ref-:9_22-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:9-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> They will only be allowed to vote at the municipal level elections.<sup id="cite_ref-:9_22-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:9-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>"<a href="/wiki/Arbitrary_arrest_and_detention" title="Arbitrary arrest and detention">Arbitrary arrest</a> and long-term detention" for anyone that speaks out against government policies are two reasons that youth are deterred from being politically active.<sup id="cite_ref-:15_13-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:15-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Access to any improvements that the government tries to make in regard to unemployment compensation, housing availability and education would also be lost if youth participated in protest or explicit discontent with the government.<sup id="cite_ref-:15_13-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:15-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Wahhabi religious doctrine, which the country promotes, states that "opposition to the government, especially street protests, is religiously forbidden".<sup id="cite_ref-:15_13-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:15-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Saudi youth want a say in governmental policies and procedures because of their increased exposure to the world through social media and the difficulties they are facing (unemployment, living costs and education).<sup id="cite_ref-:0_5-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2012, it was estimated that <a href="/wiki/YouTube" title="YouTube">YouTube</a> use in the country increased 260%, and an estimated one-third of Saudis are active <a href="/wiki/Twitter" title="Twitter">Twitter</a> users.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_3-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:13_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:13-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Saudi youth will use Twitter in order to voice their discontent over a lack of political rights, and 63% of youth said that they would like the government to give them increased participation and access to formulating and implementing policy at the local level in a 2011 survey.<sup id="cite_ref-:13_6-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:13-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:16_7-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:16-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In order for youth to effectively participate in the country's development process, part of the Tenth Development Plan's objectives seek to speed up the process of implementing the National Youth Strategy as well as conduct surveys asking youth to comment on their issues and needs, so that the country knows what services to provide for them.<sup id="cite_ref-:2_8-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Health_risks">Health risks</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Youth_in_Saudi_Arabia&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Health risks"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Further information: <a href="/wiki/Health_in_Saudi_Arabia" title="Health in Saudi Arabia">Health in Saudi Arabia</a></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Smoking_in_Saudi_Arabia" title="Smoking in Saudi Arabia">Smoking</a> is one health concern that affects Saudi youth. Smoking prevalence among sixteen- to eighteen-year-old students in secondary schools located in Riyadh was "high and alarming", according to a 2011 study published in the <i><a href="/wiki/Annals_of_Thoracic_Medicine" title="Annals of Thoracic Medicine">Annals of Thoracic Medicine</a></i>.<sup id="cite_ref-:7_9-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:7-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Out of 1272 students studied, the percentage of students that were currently smoking was about 19.5% (31.2% of boys and 8.9% of girls), and the percentage of students that had smoked before was about 42.8% (55.6% of boys and 31.4% of girls).<sup id="cite_ref-:7_9-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:7-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Smoking habits are linked to males, friends that smoke and parents that smoke.<sup id="cite_ref-:7_9-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:7-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Two reasons why youth in Saudi Arabia smoked were because it made people "look more comfortable" and made people of the opposite sex more attractive.<sup id="cite_ref-:7_9-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:7-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> 88.4% of students believed that smoking is harmful to one's health, but only 31.8% of students wanted to quit smoking, according to the 2011 study.<sup id="cite_ref-:7_9-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:7-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The authors of this study believe that educational programs on the risks of smoking need to be implemented in schools in order to reduce smoking rates.<sup id="cite_ref-:7_9-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:7-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Obesity_in_Saudi_Arabia" title="Obesity in Saudi Arabia">Obesity</a> is another health concern that affects Saudi youth. Almost 60% of the Saudi population over age sixteen was overweight.<sup id="cite_ref-:12_10-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:12-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> 21.8% of male students (18–24 years) that were studying at the College of Health and Sciences campus at <a href="/wiki/Qassim_University" title="Qassim University">Qassim University</a> were overweight, and 15.7% were obese, according to a 2010 study.<sup id="cite_ref-:8_23-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:8-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The risk of attaining <a href="/wiki/Cardiovascular_disease" title="Cardiovascular disease">cardiovascular disease</a> can be high among youth.<sup id="cite_ref-:4_24-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:4-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Out of 523 males students chosen from schools in <a href="/wiki/Arar,_Saudi_Arabia" title="Arar, Saudi Arabia">Arar</a> with a mean age of 16.7 years, 30.4% were obese and 17.2% were overweight.<sup id="cite_ref-:4_24-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:4-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> 33.5% of participants in the study were at risk of getting cardiovascular disease.<sup id="cite_ref-:4_24-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:4-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The risk of cardiovascular disease was "strongly related to different dietary and lifestyle habits".<sup id="cite_ref-:4_24-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:4-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Youth_in_Saudi_Arabia&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_Saudi_Arabia" title="Demographics of Saudi Arabia">Demographics of Saudi Arabia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Culture_of_Saudi_Arabia" title="Culture of Saudi Arabia">Culture of Saudi Arabia</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Youth_in_Saudi_Arabia&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/saudi-arabia/">"The World Factbook"</a>. <i>www.cia.gov</i>. 2015-11-19<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Minneapolis, MN: Compass Point Books. pp. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/teensinsaudiarab0000yack/page/9">9–25</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-7565-2074-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-7565-2074-8"><bdi>978-0-7565-2074-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Teens+in+Saudi+Arabia&rft.place=Minneapolis%2C+MN&rft.pages=9-25&rft.pub=Compass+Point+Books&rft.date=2007&rft.isbn=978-0-7565-2074-8&rft.aulast=Yackley-Franken&rft.aufirst=Nicki&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fteensinsaudiarab0000yack&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AYouth+in+Saudi+Arabia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:0-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:0_5-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_5-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_5-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_5-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_5-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_5-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_5-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_5-7"><sup><i><b>h</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_5-8"><sup><i><b>i</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_5-9"><sup><i><b>j</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_5-10"><sup><i><b>k</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_5-11"><sup><i><b>l</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGlum2015" class="citation news cs1">Glum, Julia (January 23, 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ibtimes.com/saudi-arabias-youth-unemployment-problem-among-king-salmans-many-new-challenges-after-1793346">"Saudi Arabia's Youth Unemployment Problem Among King Salman's Many New Challenges After Abdullah's Death"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. 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href="#cite_ref-:4_24-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:4_24-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAlenaziKouraZakiMohamed2015" class="citation journal cs1">Alenazi, Shehab; Koura, Hala; Zaki, Sherif; Mohamed, Ayman (2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4478660">"Prevalence of Obesity Among Male Adolescents in Arar Saudi Arabia: Future Risk of Cardiovascular Disease"</a>. <i>Indian Journal of Community Medicine</i>. <b>40</b> (3): 182–187. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.4103%2F0970-0218.158864">10.4103/0970-0218.158864</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/PMC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMC (identifier)">PMC</a> <span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4478660">4478660</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26170543">26170543</a>.</cite><span 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href="/wiki/Religion_in_Saudi_Arabia" title="Religion in Saudi Arabia">Religions</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Saudi_Arabia" title="Islam in Saudi Arabia">Islam</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sunni_Islam_in_Saudi_Arabia" class="mw-redirect" title="Sunni Islam in Saudi Arabia">Sunni</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shia_Islam_in_Saudi_Arabia" title="Shia Islam in Saudi Arabia">Shia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ahmadiyya_in_Saudi_Arabia" title="Ahmadiyya in Saudi Arabia">Ahmadiyya</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christianity_in_Saudi_Arabia" title="Christianity in Saudi Arabia">Christianity</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Catholic_Church_in_Saudi_Arabia" title="Catholic Church in Saudi Arabia">Catholicism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eastern_Orthodoxy_in_Saudi_Arabia" title="Eastern Orthodoxy in Saudi Arabia">Eastern Orthodoxy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Protestantism_in_Saudi_Arabia" title="Protestantism in Saudi Arabia">Protestantism</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Jews_in_Saudi_Arabia" title="History of the Jews in Saudi Arabia">Jews</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hinduism_in_Saudi_Arabia" title="Hinduism in Saudi Arabia">Hinduism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Buddhism_in_Saudi_Arabia" title="Buddhism in Saudi Arabia">Buddhism</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Ethnic groups</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Saudi_people" class="mw-redirect" title="Saudi people">Arabs</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bedoon_(ethnicity)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bedoon (ethnicity)">Bedoon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bedouin" title="Bedouin">Bedouin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rashaida_people" title="Rashaida people">Rashaida</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Immigrants and expatriates</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><div class="navbox-styles"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="23x15px&#124;border_&#124;alt=Saudi_Arabia&#124;link=Saudi_Arabia_Immigration_to_Saudi_Arabia" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Immigration_to_Saudi_Arabia" title="Template:Immigration to Saudi Arabia"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Immigration_to_Saudi_Arabia" title="Template talk:Immigration to Saudi Arabia"><abbr title="Discuss this 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/></a></span></span> Immigration to Saudi Arabia</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">From Asia</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bangladeshis_in_Saudi_Arabia" title="Bangladeshis in Saudi Arabia">Bangladeshis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Filipinos_in_Saudi_Arabia" title="Filipinos in Saudi Arabia">Filipinos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indians_in_Saudi_Arabia" class="mw-redirect" title="Indians in Saudi Arabia">Indians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indonesians_in_Saudi_Arabia" title="Indonesians in Saudi Arabia">Indonesians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iraqis_in_Saudi_Arabia" title="Iraqis in Saudi Arabia">Iraqis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Koreans_in_Saudi_Arabia" class="mw-redirect" title="Koreans in Saudi Arabia">Koreans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lebanese_people_in_Saudi_Arabia" title="Lebanese people in Saudi Arabia">Lebanese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nepalis_in_Saudi_Arabia" title="Nepalis in Saudi Arabia">Nepalis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pakistanis_in_Saudi_Arabia" title="Pakistanis in Saudi Arabia">Pakistanis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Syrians_in_Saudi_Arabia" title="Syrians in Saudi Arabia">Syrians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turks_in_Saudi_Arabia" title="Turks in Saudi Arabia">Turks</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">From elsewhere</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Americans_living_in_Saudi_Arabia" title="Americans living in Saudi Arabia">Americans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Australians_in_Saudi_Arabia" title="Australians in Saudi Arabia">Australians</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">See also</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kafala_system#Saudi_Arabia" title="Kafala system">Kafala system</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Human_trafficking_in_Saudi_Arabia" title="Human trafficking in Saudi Arabia">Human trafficking</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_Saudi_Arabia" title="Demographics of Saudi Arabia">Demographics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foreign_workers_in_Saudi_Arabia" title="Foreign workers in Saudi Arabia">Foreign workers</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Youth</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Youth_in_Asia" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Asia_topic" title="Template:Asia topic"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Asia_topic" title="Template talk:Asia topic"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Asia_topic" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Asia topic"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Youth_in_Asia" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Youth_in_Asia" title="Youth in Asia">Youth in Asia </a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_sovereign_states" title="List of sovereign states">Sovereign states</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Youth_in_Afghanistan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Youth in Afghanistan (page does not exist)">Afghanistan</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Youth_in_Armenia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Youth in Armenia (page does not exist)">Armenia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Youth_in_Azerbaijan" title="Youth in Azerbaijan">Azerbaijan</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Youth_in_Bahrain&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Youth in Bahrain (page does not exist)">Bahrain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Youth_in_Bangladesh" title="Youth in Bangladesh">Bangladesh</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Youth_in_Bhutan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Youth in Bhutan (page does not exist)">Bhutan</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Youth_in_Brunei&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Youth in Brunei (page does not exist)">Brunei</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Youth_in_Cambodia" title="Youth in Cambodia">Cambodia</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Youth_in_China&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Youth in China (page does not exist)">China</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Youth_in_Cyprus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Youth in Cyprus (page does not exist)">Cyprus</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Youth_in_East_Timor&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Youth in East Timor (page does not exist)">East Timor (Timor-Leste)</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Youth_in_Egypt&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Youth in Egypt (page does not exist)">Egypt</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Youth_in_Georgia_(country)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Youth in Georgia (country) (page does not exist)">Georgia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Youth_in_India" title="Youth in India">India</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Youth_in_Indonesia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Youth in Indonesia (page does not exist)">Indonesia</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Youth_in_Iran&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Youth in Iran (page does not exist)">Iran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Youth_in_Iraq" title="Youth in Iraq">Iraq</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Youth_in_Israel&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Youth in Israel (page does not exist)">Israel</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Youth_in_Japan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Youth in Japan (page does not exist)">Japan</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Youth_in_Jordan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Youth in Jordan (page does not exist)">Jordan</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Youth_in_Kazakhstan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Youth in Kazakhstan (page does not exist)">Kazakhstan</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Youth_in_North_Korea&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Youth in North Korea (page does not exist)">North Korea</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Youth_in_South_Korea&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Youth in South Korea (page does not exist)">South Korea</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Youth_in_Kuwait&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Youth in Kuwait (page does not exist)">Kuwait</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Youth_in_Kyrgyzstan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Youth in Kyrgyzstan (page does not exist)">Kyrgyzstan</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Youth_in_Laos&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Youth in Laos (page does not exist)">Laos</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Youth_in_Lebanon&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Youth in Lebanon (page does not exist)">Lebanon</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Youth_in_Malaysia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Youth in Malaysia (page does not exist)">Malaysia</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Youth_in_the_Maldives&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Youth in the Maldives (page does not exist)">Maldives</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Youth_in_Mongolia" title="Youth in Mongolia">Mongolia</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Youth_in_Myanmar&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Youth in Myanmar (page does not exist)">Myanmar</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Youth_in_Nepal&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Youth in Nepal (page does not exist)">Nepal</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Youth_in_Oman&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Youth in Oman (page does not exist)">Oman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Youth_in_Pakistan" title="Youth in Pakistan">Pakistan</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Youth_in_the_Philippines&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Youth in the Philippines (page does not exist)">Philippines</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Youth_in_Qatar&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Youth in Qatar (page does not exist)">Qatar</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Youth_in_Russia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Youth in Russia (page does not exist)">Russia</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Saudi Arabia</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Youth_in_Singapore&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Youth in Singapore (page does not exist)">Singapore</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Youth_in_Sri_Lanka&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Youth in Sri Lanka (page does not exist)">Sri Lanka</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Youth_in_Syria&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Youth in Syria (page does not exist)">Syria</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Youth_in_Tajikistan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Youth in Tajikistan (page does not exist)">Tajikistan</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Youth_in_Thailand&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Youth in Thailand (page does not exist)">Thailand</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Youth_in_Turkey&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Youth in Turkey (page does not exist)">Turkey</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Youth_in_Turkmenistan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Youth in Turkmenistan (page does not exist)">Turkmenistan</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Youth_in_the_United_Arab_Emirates&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Youth in the United Arab Emirates (page does not exist)">United Arab Emirates</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Youth_in_Uzbekistan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Youth in Uzbekistan (page does not exist)">Uzbekistan</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Youth_in_Vietnam&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Youth in Vietnam (page does not exist)">Vietnam</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Youth_in_Yemen&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Youth in Yemen (page does not exist)">Yemen</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_states_with_limited_recognition" title="List of states with limited recognition">States with<br />limited recognition</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Youth_in_Abkhazia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Youth in Abkhazia (page does not exist)">Abkhazia</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Youth_in_Northern_Cyprus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Youth in Northern Cyprus (page does not exist)">Northern Cyprus</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Youth_in_the_State_of_Palestine&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Youth in the State of Palestine (page does not exist)">Palestine</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Youth_in_South_Ossetia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Youth in South Ossetia (page does not exist)">South Ossetia</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Youth_in_Taiwan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Youth in Taiwan (page does not exist)">Taiwan</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Dependent_territory" title="Dependent territory">Dependencies</a> and<br />other territories</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Youth_in_the_British_Indian_Ocean_Territory&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Youth in the British Indian Ocean Territory (page does not exist)">British Indian Ocean Territory</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Youth_in_Christmas_Island&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Youth in Christmas Island (page does not exist)">Christmas Island</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Youth_in_the_Cocos_(Keeling)_Islands&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Youth in the Cocos (Keeling) Islands (page does not exist)">Cocos (Keeling) Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Youth_in_Hong_Kong" title="Youth in Hong Kong">Hong Kong</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Youth_in_Macau&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Youth in Macau (page does not exist)">Macau</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow hlist" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Category:Asia" title="Category:Asia">Category</a></li> <li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Symbol_portal_class.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Portal"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/e2/Symbol_portal_class.svg/16px-Symbol_portal_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/e2/Symbol_portal_class.svg/23px-Symbol_portal_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/e2/Symbol_portal_class.svg/31px-Symbol_portal_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Portal:Asia" title="Portal:Asia">Asia portal</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r886047488">.mw-parser-output .nobold{font-weight:normal}</style><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Saudi_Arabia_articles" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Saudi_Arabia_topics" title="Template:Saudi Arabia topics"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Saudi_Arabia_topics" title="Template talk:Saudi Arabia topics"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Saudi_Arabia_topics" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Saudi Arabia topics"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Saudi_Arabia_articles" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Saudi_Arabia" title="Saudi Arabia">Saudi Arabia</a> <a href="/wiki/Index_of_Saudi_Arabia%E2%80%93related_articles" title="Index of Saudi Arabia–related articles">articles</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/History_of_Saudi_Arabia" title="History of Saudi Arabia">History</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pre-Islamic_Arabia" title="Pre-Islamic Arabia">Pre-Islamic Arabia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muhammad_in_Medina" class="mw-redirect" title="Muhammad in Medina">Early Islamic State</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rashidun_Caliphate" title="Rashidun Caliphate">Rashidun Caliphate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Umayyad_Caliphate" title="Umayyad Caliphate">Umayyad Caliphate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abbasid_Caliphate" title="Abbasid Caliphate">Abbasid Caliphate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emirate_of_Diriyah" title="Emirate of Diriyah">Emirate of Diriyah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emirate_of_Nejd" title="Emirate of Nejd">Emirate of Nejd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Hejaz" title="Kingdom of Hejaz">Kingdom of Hejaz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Unification_of_Saudi_Arabia" title="Unification of Saudi Arabia">Unification</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Modern_history_of_Saudi_Arabia" title="Modern history of Saudi Arabia">Modern history</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="5" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Emblem_of_Saudi_Arabia" title="Emblem of Saudi Arabia"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Emblem_of_Saudi_Arabia_%282%29.svg/100px-Emblem_of_Saudi_Arabia_%282%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="111" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Emblem_of_Saudi_Arabia_%282%29.svg/150px-Emblem_of_Saudi_Arabia_%282%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Emblem_of_Saudi_Arabia_%282%29.svg/200px-Emblem_of_Saudi_Arabia_%282%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="567" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Geography_of_Saudi_Arabia" title="Geography of Saudi Arabia">Geography</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Template:Borders_of_Saudi_Arabia" title="Template:Borders of Saudi Arabia">Borders</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_cities_and_towns_in_Saudi_Arabia" title="List of cities and towns in Saudi Arabia">Cities and towns</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Climate_of_Saudi_Arabia" title="Climate of Saudi Arabia">Climate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_earthquakes_in_Saudi_Arabia" title="List of earthquakes in Saudi Arabia">Earthquakes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_governorates_of_Saudi_Arabia" title="List of governorates of Saudi Arabia">Governorates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_mountains_in_Saudi_Arabia" title="List of mountains in Saudi Arabia">Mountains</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Provinces_of_Saudi_Arabia" title="Provinces of Saudi Arabia">Provinces</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_wadis_of_Saudi_Arabia" title="List of wadis of Saudi Arabia">Wadis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wildlife_of_Saudi_Arabia" title="Wildlife of Saudi Arabia">Wildlife</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Politics_of_Saudi_Arabia" title="Politics of Saudi Arabia">Politics</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Allegiance_Council" title="Allegiance Council">Allegiance Council</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Council_of_Ministers_of_Saudi_Arabia" title="Council of Ministers of Saudi Arabia">Cabinet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Consultative_Assembly_of_Saudi_Arabia" title="Consultative Assembly of Saudi Arabia">Consultative Assembly</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Custodian_of_the_Two_Holy_Mosques" title="Custodian of the Two Holy Mosques">Custodian of the Two Holy Mosques</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foreign_relations_of_Saudi_Arabia" title="Foreign relations of Saudi Arabia">Foreign relations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/King_of_Saudi_Arabia" title="King of Saudi Arabia">King</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crown_Prince_of_Saudi_Arabia" title="Crown Prince of Saudi Arabia">Crown Prince</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mabahith" title="Mabahith">Mabahith (secret police)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Security_Council_(Saudi_Arabia)" title="National Security Council (Saudi Arabia)">National Security Council</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nuclear_program_of_Saudi_Arabia" title="Nuclear program of Saudi Arabia">Nuclear program</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Saudi_Arabia" title="Prime Minister of Saudi Arabia">Prime Minister</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:2.95em;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Legal_system_of_Saudi_Arabia" title="Legal system of Saudi Arabia">Law</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Basic_Law_of_Saudi_Arabia" title="Basic Law of Saudi Arabia">Basic Law</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Capital_punishment_in_Saudi_Arabia" title="Capital punishment in Saudi Arabia">Capital punishment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elections_in_Saudi_Arabia" title="Elections in Saudi Arabia">Elections</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Freedom_of_religion_in_Saudi_Arabia" title="Freedom of religion in Saudi Arabia">Freedom of religion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Human_rights_in_Saudi_Arabia" title="Human rights in Saudi Arabia">Human rights</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/LGBT_rights_in_Saudi_Arabia" class="mw-redirect" title="LGBT rights in Saudi Arabia">LGBT</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rape_in_Saudi_Arabia" title="Rape in Saudi Arabia">Rape</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Women%27s_rights_in_Saudi_Arabia" title="Women's rights in Saudi Arabia">Women</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Judiciary_of_Saudi_Arabia" title="Judiciary of Saudi Arabia">Judiciary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Committee_for_the_Promotion_of_Virtue_and_the_Prevention_of_Vice_(Saudi_Arabia)" title="Committee for the Promotion of Virtue and the Prevention of Vice (Saudi Arabia)">Mutaween (religious police)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saudi_passport" title="Saudi passport">Passport</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Visa_policy_of_Saudi_Arabia" title="Visa policy of Saudi Arabia">Visa policy</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Military_of_Saudi_Arabia" class="mw-redirect" title="Military of Saudi Arabia">Military</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Saudi_Arabian_Army" title="Saudi Arabian Army">Army</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_Saudi_Navy" title="Royal Saudi Navy">Navy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_Saudi_Air_Force" title="Royal Saudi Air Force">Air Force</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_Saudi_Air_Defense" class="mw-redirect" title="Royal Saudi Air Defense">Air Defense</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_Saudi_Strategic_Missile_Force" title="Royal Saudi Strategic Missile Force">Strategic Missile Force</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saudi_Arabian_National_Guard" title="Saudi Arabian National Guard">National Guard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chairman_of_the_General_Staff" title="Chairman of the General Staff">Chairman of the General Staff</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/General_Staff_Presidency" title="General Staff Presidency">General Staff Presidency</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/General_Intelligence_Presidency" title="General Intelligence Presidency">General Intelligence Presidency</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saudi_Arabian_military_ranks" class="mw-redirect" title="Saudi Arabian military ranks">Military ranks</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Saudi_Arabia" title="Economy of Saudi Arabia">Economy</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Agriculture_in_Saudi_Arabia" title="Agriculture in Saudi Arabia">Agriculture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_companies_of_Saudi_Arabia" title="List of companies of Saudi Arabia">Companies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Capital_Market_Authority_(Saudi_Arabia)" title="Capital Market Authority (Saudi Arabia)">Capital Market Authority</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Council_of_Economic_and_Development_Affairs_(Saudi_Arabia)" title="Council of Economic and Development Affairs (Saudi Arabia)">Council of Economic and Development Affairs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Energy_in_Saudi_Arabia" title="Energy in Saudi Arabia">Energy</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Oil_reserves_in_Saudi_Arabia" title="Oil reserves in Saudi Arabia">Oil reserves</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_oil_industry_in_Saudi_Arabia" title="History of the oil industry in Saudi Arabia">History of the oil industry</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foreign_workers_in_Saudi_Arabia" title="Foreign workers in Saudi Arabia">Foreign workers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irrigation_in_Saudi_Arabia" title="Irrigation in Saudi Arabia">Irrigation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/OPEC" title="OPEC">OPEC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saudi_riyal" title="Saudi riyal">Riyal (currency)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saudi_Central_Bank" title="Saudi Central Bank">Saudi Central Bank</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Supreme_Economic_Council_of_Saudi_Arabia" title="Supreme Economic Council of Saudi Arabia">Supreme Economic Council</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tadawul" class="mw-redirect" title="Tadawul">Tadawul (stock exchange)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telecommunications_in_Saudi_Arabia" title="Telecommunications in Saudi Arabia">Telecommunications</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tourism_in_Saudi_Arabia" title="Tourism in Saudi Arabia">Tourism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transport_in_Saudi_Arabia" title="Transport in Saudi Arabia">Transport</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Rail_transport_in_Saudi_Arabia" title="Rail transport in Saudi Arabia">rail</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Category:Society_of_Saudi_Arabia" title="Category:Society of Saudi Arabia">Society</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abortion_in_Saudi_Arabia" title="Abortion in Saudi Arabia">Abortion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Censorship_in_Saudi_Arabia" title="Censorship in Saudi Arabia">Censorship</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crime_in_Saudi_Arabia" title="Crime in Saudi Arabia">Crime</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_Saudi_Arabia" title="Demographics of Saudi Arabia">Demographics</a> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">youth</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Social_and_racial_discrimination_in_Saudi_Arabia" class="mw-redirect" title="Social and racial discrimination in Saudi Arabia">Discrimination</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Education_in_Saudi_Arabia" title="Education in Saudi Arabia">Education</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Libraries_in_Saudi_Arabia" title="Libraries in Saudi Arabia">libraries</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_universities_and_colleges_in_Saudi_Arabia" title="List of universities and colleges in Saudi Arabia">universities</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Health_care_in_Saudi_Arabia" title="Health care in Saudi Arabia">Health care</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Human_trafficking_in_Saudi_Arabia" title="Human trafficking in Saudi Arabia">Human trafficking</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Obesity_in_Saudi_Arabia" title="Obesity in Saudi Arabia">Obesity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polygamy_in_Saudi_Arabia" title="Polygamy in Saudi Arabia">Polygamy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Saudi_Arabia" title="Prostitution in Saudi Arabia">Prostitution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Terrorism_in_Saudi_Arabia" title="Terrorism in Saudi Arabia">Terrorism</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Response_of_Saudi_Arabia_to_ISIL" class="mw-redirect" title="Response of Saudi Arabia to ISIL">response to ISIL</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Water_supply_and_sanitation_in_Saudi_Arabia" title="Water supply and sanitation in Saudi Arabia">Water supply and sanitation</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Culture_of_Saudi_Arabia" title="Culture of Saudi Arabia">Culture</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Saudi_Arabian_art" title="Saudi Arabian art">Art</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Visual_arts_in_Saudi_Arabia" title="Visual arts in Saudi Arabia">Visual arts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cinema_of_Saudi_Arabia" title="Cinema of Saudi Arabia">Cinema</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saudi_Arabian_cuisine" title="Saudi Arabian cuisine">Cuisine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arabic" title="Arabic">Language</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Media_of_Saudi_Arabia" class="mw-redirect" title="Media of Saudi Arabia">Media</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Television_in_Saudi_Arabia" title="Television in Saudi Arabia">television</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Saudi_Arabia" title="Music of Saudi Arabia">Music</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Public_holidays_in_Saudi_Arabia" title="Public holidays in Saudi Arabia">Public holidays</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Saudi_Arabia" title="Religion in Saudi Arabia">Religion</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Saudi_Arabia" title="Islam in Saudi Arabia">Islam</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sport_in_Saudi_Arabia" title="Sport in Saudi Arabia">Sport</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Football_in_Saudi_Arabia" title="Football in Saudi Arabia">football</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theatre_in_Saudi_Arabia" class="mw-redirect" title="Theatre in Saudi Arabia">Theatre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heritage_in_Saudi_Arabia" title="Heritage in Saudi Arabia">Heritage</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/National_symbols_of_Saudi_Arabia" title="National symbols of Saudi Arabia">Symbols</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/National_Anthem_of_Saudi_Arabia" class="mw-redirect" title="National Anthem of Saudi Arabia">Anthem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ardah" title="Ardah">Dance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emblem_of_Saudi_Arabia" title="Emblem of Saudi Arabia">Emblem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flag_of_Saudi_Arabia" title="Flag of Saudi Arabia">Flag</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shahada" title="Shahada">Motto</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3" style="font-weight:bold;"><div><div style="margin-bottom:-0.4em;"><ul><li><span class="nobold"><a href="/wiki/Outline_of_Saudi_Arabia" title="Outline of Saudi Arabia">Outline</a></span></li><li><span class="nobold"><a href="/wiki/Index_of_Saudi_Arabia%E2%80%93related_articles" title="Index of Saudi Arabia–related articles">Index</a></span></li></ul></div> 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