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This knowledge can guide the development of new drug delivery devices. In this study, we investigated the movement of a drug surrogate, Gd-DTPA (Magnevist ) released from a polymer-based implant in rabbit vitreous using T 1-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Intensity values in the MRI data were converted to concentration by comparison with calibration samples. Concentration profiles approaching pseudosteady state showed gradients from the implant toward the retinal surface, suggesting that diffusion was occurring into the retinal-choroidal-scleral (RCS) membrane. Gd-DTPA concentration varied from high values near the implant to lower values distal to the implant. Such regional concentration differences throughout the vitreous may have clinical significance when attempting to treat ubiquitous eye diseases using a single positional implant. We developed a finite element mathematical model of the rabbit eye and compared the MRI experimental concentration data with simulation concentration profiles. The model utilized a diffusion coefficient of Gd-DTPA in the vitreous of 2.8 × 10 −6 cm 2 s −1 and yielded a diffusion coefficient for Gd-DTPA through the simulated composite posterior membrane (representing the retina-choroidsclera membrane) of 6.0 × 10 −8 cm 2 s −1. Since the model membrane was 0.03-cm thick, this resulted in an effective membrane permeability of 2.0 × 10 −6 cm s −1. Convective movement of Gd-DTPA was shown to have minimal effect on the concentration profiles since the Peclet number was 0.09 for this system.","publication_date":"2005,,","publication_name":"Annals of Biomedical Engineering","grobid_abstract_attachment_id":"95443095"},"document_type":"paper","pre_hit_view_count_baseline":null,"quality":"high","language":"en","title":"Study of Ocular Transport of Drugs Released from an Intravitreal Implant Using Magnetic Resonance Imaging","broadcastable":false,"draft":null,"has_indexable_attachment":true,"indexable":true}}["work"]; window.loswp.workCoauthors = [38560448]; window.loswp.locale = "en"; window.loswp.countryCode = "SG"; window.loswp.cwvAbTestBucket = ""; window.loswp.designVariant = "ds_vanilla"; window.loswp.fullPageMobileSutdModalVariant = "control"; window.loswp.useOptimizedScribd4genScript = false; window.loswp.appleClientId = 'edu.academia.applesignon';</script><script defer="" 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href="https://www.academia.edu/1145180/GD_DTPA_enhanced_MRI_of_ocular_transport_in_a_rat_model_of_chronic_glaucoma"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="2" data-entity-id="92256969" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/92256969/Effect_of_Retinal_Permeability_Diffusivity_and_Aqueous_Humor_Hydrodynamics_on_Pharmacokinetics_of_Drugs_in_the_Eye">Effect of Retinal Permeability, Diffusivity, and Aqueous Humor Hydrodynamics on Pharmacokinetics of Drugs in the Eye</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="248715259" href="https://independent.academia.edu/MaheshKrishnamoorthy1">Mahesh Krishnamoorthy</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Journal of Ocular Pharmacology and Therapeutics, 2008</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Effect of Retinal Permeability, Diffusivity, and Aqueous Humor Hydrodynamics on Pharmacokinetics of Drugs in the Eye","attachmentId":95313484,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/92256969/Effect_of_Retinal_Permeability_Diffusivity_and_Aqueous_Humor_Hydrodynamics_on_Pharmacokinetics_of_Drugs_in_the_Eye","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/92256969/Effect_of_Retinal_Permeability_Diffusivity_and_Aqueous_Humor_Hydrodynamics_on_Pharmacokinetics_of_Drugs_in_the_Eye"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="3" data-entity-id="115997179" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/115997179/Compartmental_and_COMSOL_Multiphysics_3D_Modeling_of_Drug_Diffusion_to_the_Vitreous_Following_the_Administration_of_a_Sustained_Release_Drug_Delivery_System">Compartmental and COMSOL Multiphysics 3D Modeling of Drug Diffusion to the Vitreous Following the Administration of a Sustained-Release Drug Delivery System</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm 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href="https://independent.academia.edu/MichaelPedersen8">Michael Pedersen</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Magnetic Resonance Imaging, 2005</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Intravenous administration of Gd-DTPA prior to DWI does not affect the apparent diffusion constant","attachmentId":96985523,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/94563986/Intravenous_administration_of_Gd_DTPA_prior_to_DWI_does_not_affect_the_apparent_diffusion_constant","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/94563986/Intravenous_administration_of_Gd_DTPA_prior_to_DWI_does_not_affect_the_apparent_diffusion_constant"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="5" data-entity-id="65193652" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/65193652/Three_Dimensional_Transport_Model_for_Intravitreal_and_Suprachoroidal_Drug_Injection">Three-Dimensional Transport Model for Intravitreal and Suprachoroidal Drug Injection</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="47983167" href="https://independent.academia.edu/NiranjanPandey3">Niranjan Pandey</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Investigative Opthalmology & Visual Science</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Three-Dimensional Transport Model for Intravitreal and Suprachoroidal Drug Injection","attachmentId":76898748,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/65193652/Three_Dimensional_Transport_Model_for_Intravitreal_and_Suprachoroidal_Drug_Injection","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/65193652/Three_Dimensional_Transport_Model_for_Intravitreal_and_Suprachoroidal_Drug_Injection"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="6" data-entity-id="92433501" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/92433501/Assessment_of_Subconjunctival_and_Intrascleral_Drug_Delivery_to_the_Posterior_Segment_Using_Dynamic_Contrast_Enhanced_Magnetic_Resonance_Imaging">Assessment of Subconjunctival and Intrascleral Drug Delivery to the Posterior Segment Using Dynamic Contrast-Enhanced Magnetic Resonance Imaging</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="38560448" href="https://umcp.academia.edu/NamWang">Nam Wang</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Investigative Opthalmology &amp; Visual Science, 2007</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Assessment of Subconjunctival and Intrascleral Drug Delivery to the Posterior Segment Using Dynamic Contrast-Enhanced Magnetic Resonance Imaging","attachmentId":95443103,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/92433501/Assessment_of_Subconjunctival_and_Intrascleral_Drug_Delivery_to_the_Posterior_Segment_Using_Dynamic_Contrast_Enhanced_Magnetic_Resonance_Imaging","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/92433501/Assessment_of_Subconjunctival_and_Intrascleral_Drug_Delivery_to_the_Posterior_Segment_Using_Dynamic_Contrast_Enhanced_Magnetic_Resonance_Imaging"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="7" data-entity-id="65420256" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/65420256/Extended_Pharmacokinetic_Model_of_the_Rabbit_Eye_for_Intravitreal_and_Intracameral_Injections_of_Macromolecules_Quantitative_Analysis_of_Anterior_and_Posterior_Elimination_Pathways">Extended Pharmacokinetic Model of the Rabbit Eye for Intravitreal and Intracameral Injections of Macromolecules: Quantitative Analysis of Anterior and Posterior Elimination Pathways</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="12053382" href="https://aalto-fi.academia.edu/LasseMurtom%C3%A4ki">Lasse Murtomäki</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Pharmaceutical Research</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Extended Pharmacokinetic Model of the Rabbit Eye for Intravitreal and Intracameral Injections of Macromolecules: Quantitative Analysis of Anterior and Posterior Elimination Pathways","attachmentId":77025679,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/65420256/Extended_Pharmacokinetic_Model_of_the_Rabbit_Eye_for_Intravitreal_and_Intracameral_Injections_of_Macromolecules_Quantitative_Analysis_of_Anterior_and_Posterior_Elimination_Pathways","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/65420256/Extended_Pharmacokinetic_Model_of_the_Rabbit_Eye_for_Intravitreal_and_Intracameral_Injections_of_Macromolecules_Quantitative_Analysis_of_Anterior_and_Posterior_Elimination_Pathways"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="8" data-entity-id="13738308" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/13738308/Drug_adsorption_on_bovine_and_porcine_sclera_studied_with_streaming_potential">Drug adsorption on bovine and porcine sclera studied with streaming potential</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="32923124" href="https://aalto-fi.academia.edu/TuomasVainikka">Tuomas Vainikka</a><span>, </span><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="46187583" href="https://independent.academia.edu/NicoliSara">Sara Nicoli</a><span>, </span><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="32859969" href="https://aalto-fi.academia.edu/LasseMurtomaki">Lasse Murtomaki</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2013</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Drug adsorption on bovine and porcine sclera studied with streaming potential","attachmentId":45004547,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/13738308/Drug_adsorption_on_bovine_and_porcine_sclera_studied_with_streaming_potential","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/13738308/Drug_adsorption_on_bovine_and_porcine_sclera_studied_with_streaming_potential"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="9" data-entity-id="61437484" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/61437484/Design_of_an_Implantable_Device_for_Ocular_Drug_Delivery">Design of an Implantable Device for Ocular Drug Delivery</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="67833304" href="https://independent.academia.edu/MoorthyRamana">Ramana Moorthy</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Journal of Drug Delivery, 2012</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">Ocular diseases, such as, glaucoma, age-related macular degeneration (AMD), diabetic retinopathy, and retinitis pigmentosa require drug management in order to prevent blindness and affecting million of adults in USA and worldwide. There is an increasing need to develop devices for drug delivery to address ocular diseases. This study focuses on the design, simulation, and development of an implantable ocular drug delivery device consisting of micro-/nanochannels embedded between top and bottom covers with a drug reservoir made from polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) which is silicon-based organic and biodegradable polymer. Several simulations were carried out with six different micro-channel configurations in order to see the feasibility for ocular drug delivery applications. Based on the results obtained, channel design of osmotic I and osmotic II satisfied the diffusion rates required for ocular drug delivery. Finally, a prototype illustrating the three components of the drug delivery des...</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Design of an Implantable Device for Ocular Drug Delivery","attachmentId":74467937,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/61437484/Design_of_an_Implantable_Device_for_Ocular_Drug_Delivery","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/61437484/Design_of_an_Implantable_Device_for_Ocular_Drug_Delivery"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div></div></div><div class="ds-sticky-ctas--wrapper js-loswp-sticky-ctas hidden"><div class="ds-sticky-ctas--grid-container"><div class="ds-sticky-ctas--container"><button class="ds2-5-button js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"continue-reading-button--sticky-ctas","attachmentId":95443095,"attachmentType":"pdf","workUrl":null}">See full PDF</button><button class="ds2-5-button ds2-5-button--secondary js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"download-pdf-button--sticky-ctas","attachmentId":95443095,"attachmentType":"pdf","workUrl":null}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">download</span>Download PDF</button></div></div></div><div class="ds-below-fold--grid-container"><div class="ds-work--container js-loswp-embedded-document"><div class="attachment_preview" data-attachment="Attachment_95443095" style="display: none"><div class="js-scribd-document-container"><div class="scribd--document-loading js-scribd-document-loader" style="display: block;"><img alt="Loading..." src="//a.academia-assets.com/images/loaders/paper-load.gif" /><p>Loading Preview</p></div></div><div style="text-align: center;"><div class="scribd--no-preview-alert js-preview-unavailable"><p>Sorry, preview is currently unavailable. You can download the paper by clicking the button above.</p></div></div></div></div><div class="ds-sidebar--container js-work-sidebar"><div class="ds-related-content--container"><h2 class="ds-related-content--heading">Related papers</h2><div class="ds-related-work--container js-related-work-sidebar-card" data-collection-position="0" data-entity-id="102978450" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-related-work-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/102978450/Modeling_the_drug_transport_in_the_anterior_segment_of_the_eye">Modeling the drug transport in the anterior segment of the eye</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-related-work-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="272768773" href="https://independent.academia.edu/ramavtar42">ram avtar</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">European Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2008</p><div 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data-author-id="265679752" href="https://independent.academia.edu/PascoalSilva4">Pascoal Silva</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Applied Mathematical Modelling, 2011</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Flux tracking in drug delivery","attachmentId":103369242,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/103334409/Flux_tracking_in_drug_delivery","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-related-work-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/103334409/Flux_tracking_in_drug_delivery"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" 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