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href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%A8%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%95%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B2%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%AD%E0%A6%BF" title="নুক্লাভি – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="নুক্লাভি" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nuckelavee" title="Nuckelavee – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Nuckelavee" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nuckelavee" title="Nuckelavee – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Nuckelavee" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nuckelavee" title="Nuckelavee – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Nuckelavee" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="good article badge"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%88%84%EC%BC%88%EB%9D%BC%EB%B9%84" title="누켈라비 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="누켈라비" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nuckelavee" title="Nuckelavee – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Nuckelavee" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nuckelavee" title="Nuckelavee – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Nuckelavee" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%8A%E3%83%83%E3%82%AF%E3%83%A9%E3%83%B4%E3%82%A3%E3%83%BC" title="ナックラヴィー – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ナックラヴィー" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B8" title="Наклави – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Наклави" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nuckelavee" title="Nuckelavee – Scots" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Nuckelavee" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="Scots" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nuckelavee" title="Nuckelavee – Albanian" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Nuckelavee" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nuckelavee" title="Nuckelavee – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Nuckelavee" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="featured article badge"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nuckelavee" title="Nuckelavee – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Nuckelavee" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nuckelavee" title="Nuckelavee – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Nuckelavee" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="good article badge"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%B5%B7%E4%BA%BA%E9%A9%AC" title="海人马 – Chinese" lang="zh" 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Click here for more information."><img alt="Featured article" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/e7/Cscr-featured.svg/20px-Cscr-featured.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="19" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/e7/Cscr-featured.svg/30px-Cscr-featured.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/e7/Cscr-featured.svg/40px-Cscr-featured.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="466" data-file-height="443" /></a></span></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Horse-like demon from Orcadian mythology</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Douglas-Scottish_FFT(1901)-p162-Nuckalavee-illustr-J_Torrance_(cropped).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Tammas flees the nuckelavee" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Douglas-Scottish_FFT%281901%29-p162-Nuckalavee-illustr-J_Torrance_%28cropped%29.jpg/240px-Douglas-Scottish_FFT%281901%29-p162-Nuckalavee-illustr-J_Torrance_%28cropped%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="240" height="360" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Douglas-Scottish_FFT%281901%29-p162-Nuckalavee-illustr-J_Torrance_%28cropped%29.jpg/360px-Douglas-Scottish_FFT%281901%29-p162-Nuckalavee-illustr-J_Torrance_%28cropped%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Douglas-Scottish_FFT%281901%29-p162-Nuckalavee-illustr-J_Torrance_%28cropped%29.jpg/480px-Douglas-Scottish_FFT%281901%29-p162-Nuckalavee-illustr-J_Torrance_%28cropped%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="960" data-file-height="1440" /></a><figcaption>The nuckelavee chasing an islander, painting by James Torrance (1859–1916).</figcaption></figure> <p>The <b>nuckelavee</b> (<span class="rt-commentedText nowrap"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1177148991">.mw-parser-output .IPA-label-small{font-size:85%}.mw-parser-output .references .IPA-label-small,.mw-parser-output .infobox .IPA-label-small,.mw-parser-output .navbox .IPA-label-small{font-size:100%}</style><span class="IPA-label IPA-label-small"> </span><span class="IPA nopopups noexcerpt" lang="en-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/English" title="Help:IPA/English">/<span style="border-bottom:1px dotted"><span title="'n' in 'nigh'">n</span><span title="/ʌ/: 'u' in 'cut'">ʌ</span><span title="'k' in 'kind'">k</span><span title="'l' in 'lie'">l</span><span title="/ɑː/: 'a' in 'father'">ɑː</span><span title="/ˈ/: primary stress follows">ˈ</span><span title="'v' in 'vie'">v</span><span title="/iː/: 'ee' in 'fleece'">iː</span></span>/</a></span></span>) or <b>nuckalavee</b> is a horse-like demon from <a href="/wiki/Orkney" title="Orkney">Orcadian</a> folklore that combines <a href="/wiki/Equus_(genus)" title="Equus (genus)">equine</a> and human elements. British folklorist <a href="/wiki/Katharine_Mary_Briggs" title="Katharine Mary Briggs">Katharine Briggs</a> called it "the nastiest"<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBriggs200268_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBriggs200268-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> of all the demons of Scotland's <a href="/wiki/Northern_Isles" title="Northern Isles">Northern Isles</a>. The nuckelavee's breath was thought to wilt crops and sicken livestock, and the creature was held responsible for droughts and epidemics on land despite being predominantly a sea-dweller. </p><p>A graphic description of the nuckelavee as it appears on land was given by an islander who claimed to have had a confrontation with it, but accounts describing the details of the creature's appearance are inconsistent. In common with many other sea-monsters, it is unable to tolerate fresh water, therefore, those it is pursuing have only to cross a river or stream to be rid of it. The nuckelavee is kept in confinement during the summer months by the <a href="/wiki/Sea_Mither" title="Sea Mither">Mither o' the Sea</a>, an ancient Orcadian spirit, and the only one able to control it. </p><p>Orcadian folklore had a strong <a href="/wiki/Scandinavian_mythology" class="mw-redirect" title="Scandinavian mythology">Scandinavian</a> influence, and it may be that the nuckelavee is a composite of a <a href="/wiki/Water_horse" title="Water horse">water horse</a> from <a href="/wiki/Celtic_mythology" title="Celtic mythology">Celtic mythology</a> and a creature imported by the <a href="/wiki/Norsemen" title="Norsemen">Norsemen</a>. As with similar malevolent entities such as the <a href="/wiki/Kelpie" title="Kelpie">kelpie</a>, it possibly offered an explanation for incidents that islanders in ancient times could not otherwise understand. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Etymology">Etymology</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nuckelavee&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Etymology"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The late 19th century saw an upsurge of interest on transcribing folklore, but the recorders used inconsistent spelling and frequently <a href="/wiki/Anglicisation" title="Anglicisation">anglicised</a> words, thus the same entity could be given different names.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMonaghan2009ix,_xi,_xv_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMonaghan2009ix,_xi,_xv-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The term <i>nuckelavee</i> derives from <a href="/wiki/Orcadian_dialect" title="Orcadian dialect">Orcadian</a> <i>knoggelvi</i>,<sup id="cite_ref-Orkneyjar_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Orkneyjar-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and according to <a href="/wiki/Orkney" title="Orkney">Orkney</a> resident and 19th-century <a href="/wiki/Folklorist" class="mw-redirect" title="Folklorist">folklorist</a> <a href="/wiki/Walter_Traill_Dennison" title="Walter Traill Dennison">Walter Traill Dennison</a> means "Devil of the Sea".<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTETraill_Dennison1891131_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTETraill_Dennison1891131-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The same demon is called a <i>mukkelevi</i> in <a href="/wiki/Shetland" title="Shetland">Shetland</a>, where it was considered a nasty sea-<a href="/wiki/Trow_(folklore)" title="Trow (folklore)">trow</a> or sea-devil.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMarwick200023_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMarwick200023-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Samuel_Hibbert-Ware" title="Samuel Hibbert-Ware">Samuel Hibbert</a>, an antiquarian of the early nineteenth century, considered the component <i>nuck</i> of the nuckelavee's name to be cognate with both the <i>Nick</i> in Old Nick, a name sometimes given to the <a href="/wiki/Devil" title="Devil">Devil</a> of Christian belief, and with the Latin <i>necare</i>, to kill.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHibbert1891233_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHibbert1891233-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Folk_beliefs">Folk beliefs</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nuckelavee&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Folk beliefs"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Rough_seas_at_Yesnaby_(geograph_3744442).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Rough seas" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Rough_seas_at_Yesnaby_%28geograph_3744442%29.jpg/220px-Rough_seas_at_Yesnaby_%28geograph_3744442%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Rough_seas_at_Yesnaby_%28geograph_3744442%29.jpg/330px-Rough_seas_at_Yesnaby_%28geograph_3744442%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Rough_seas_at_Yesnaby_%28geograph_3744442%29.jpg/440px-Rough_seas_at_Yesnaby_%28geograph_3744442%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="768" /></a><figcaption>The tempestuous seas of Orkney are home to the nuckelavee.</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Description_and_common_attributes">Description and common attributes</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nuckelavee&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Description and common attributes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Stories of mythical Orcadian demons are recorded in the 16th-century Latin manuscripts of Jo Ben,<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>a<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> who may have been referring to the nuckelavee in his description of the Orkney island of <a href="/wiki/Stronsay" title="Stronsay">Stronsay</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-OJ_Stronsay_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-OJ_Stronsay-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Dennison transcribed much of the information available about traditional tales told on Orkney, but to an extent romanticised and systematically altered certain elements of the stories in the process of transforming them into prose.<sup id="cite_ref-University_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-University-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>b<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The nuckelavee is a mythical sea-creature that appears as a horse-like demon when it ventures onto land.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWestwoodKingshill2012387_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWestwoodKingshill2012387-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Writer and folklorist <a href="/wiki/Ernest_Marwick" title="Ernest Marwick">Ernest Marwick</a> considered it very similar to the Norwegian <a href="/wiki/Neck_(water_spirit)" class="mw-redirect" title="Neck (water spirit)">nøkk</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Nuggle" title="Nuggle">nuggle</a> of Shetland and the <a href="/wiki/Kelpie" title="Kelpie">kelpie</a>. A unique and solitary creature possessing extensive evil powers, its malevolent behaviour can influence events throughout the islands.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMarwick200023_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMarwick200023-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Islanders were terrified of the monster and would not speak its name without immediately saying a prayer.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTETraill_Dennison1891132_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTETraill_Dennison1891132-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It was often found in the vicinity of a beach, but would never come ashore if it was raining.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMarwick200022_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMarwick200022-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>No tales describe what form the nuckelavee takes when in the sea,<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTETraill_Dennison1891131_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTETraill_Dennison1891131-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> but its appearance on land has been recounted in graphic detail.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBriggs200267_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBriggs200267-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> An islander, Tammas, claimed to have survived a confrontation with the beast and, after much cajoling from Dennison, reluctantly gave his description of the monster, the only known first-hand account.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>c<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> According to Tammas, the nuckelavee has a man's torso attached to a horse's back as if it were a rider.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTETraill_Dennison1891131_4-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTETraill_Dennison1891131-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The male torso has no legs, but its arms can reach the ground from its position on top of the equine body, the legs of which have <a href="/wiki/Fin" title="Fin">fin</a> like appendages.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTETraill_Dennison1891132_16-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTETraill_Dennison1891132-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The torso has a large head – possibly as much as 3 feet (90 centimetres) in diameter – that rolls back and forth.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMarwick200022_17-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMarwick200022-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The monster described by Tammas has two heads;<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTETraill_Dennison1891133_21-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTETraill_Dennison1891133-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> the equine head has an enormous gaping mouth that exudes a pungent, toxic vapour, and a single giant eye like a burning red flame. A particularly gruesome detail is that the nuckelavee has no skin;<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWestwoodKingshill2012388_22-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWestwoodKingshill2012388-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> black blood courses through yellow veins, and the pale sinews and powerful muscles are visible as a pulsating mass.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTETraill_Dennison1891132_16-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTETraill_Dennison1891132-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Other reports state that the creature resembles a <a href="/wiki/Centaur" title="Centaur">centaur</a>;<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMackMack201057_23-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMackMack201057-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> narratives are inconsistent in the finer details of the demon's description however.<sup id="cite_ref-Orkneyjar_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Orkneyjar-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Traill Dennison only describes a man's head with a "mouth projected like that of a pig".<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTETraill_Dennison1891132_16-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTETraill_Dennison1891132-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Marwick also only mentions one head with a single red eye, and he borrows some of Tammas's characterisation by recording the creature's mouth as "like a whale's".<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMarwick200022_17-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMarwick200022-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The nuckelavee's breath was thought to wilt crops and sicken livestock, and it was considered responsible for epidemics and drought.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTETraill_Dennison1891132_16-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTETraill_Dennison1891132-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Seaweed burning to create what was known at the time as <i>kelp</i> began on Stronsay in 1722. The product – <a href="/wiki/Sodium_carbonate" title="Sodium carbonate">soda ash</a> – was an alkali mainly used to treat <a href="/wiki/Soil_pH#Acid_soils" title="Soil pH">acidic soil</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMarwick200023_5-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMarwick200023-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTETraill_Dennison1891132_16-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTETraill_Dennison1891132-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> although as time went on its commercial importance in soap and glass manufacture increased. The pungent smoke emitted during the process was believed to enrage the nuckelavee,<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMarwick200023_5-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMarwick200023-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> resulting in a wild rampage of <a href="/wiki/Pandemic" title="Pandemic">plague</a>, the deaths of cattle and the destruction of crops.<sup id="cite_ref-Scapa_24-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Scapa-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Scran_25-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Scran-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The nuckelavee was said to have infected horses on Stronsay with the deadly disease known as mortasheen,<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>d<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> to demonstrate its fury and exact its revenge against the islanders for burning seaweed; the infection subsequently spread to all the other islands involved in the industry.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMarwick200023_5-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMarwick200023-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFenton199761_28-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEFenton199761-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The creature was also blamed for prolonged periods of abnormally low rainfall, leading to water shortages and poor harvests.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMarwick200023_5-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMarwick200023-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Confinement">Confinement</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nuckelavee&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Confinement"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The nuckelavee is the most malevolent of the demons in and around the Scottish islands, without any redeeming characteristics.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBriggs200268_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBriggs200268-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The only entity able to control it is the <a href="/wiki/Sea_Mither" title="Sea Mither">Mither o' the Sea</a>, an ancient spirit in Orcadian mythology who keeps the nuckelavee confined during the summer months.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBane2013252_29-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBane2013252-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In common with other mythical sea-monsters, with the possible exception of kelpies and the <a href="/wiki/Nuggle" title="Nuggle">nuggle</a> of Shetland, it is unable to wade through fresh flowing water,<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWestwoodKingshill2012388_22-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWestwoodKingshill2012388-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> therefore it can be escaped by crossing a stream.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBriggs200253_30-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBriggs200253-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Tammas managed to escape from the nuckelavee after he inadvertently splashed it with water from the <a href="/wiki/Loch" title="Loch">loch</a> he was alongside; this briefly distracted the monster, allowing Tammas to run over to a nearby channel of fresh water and jump to safety on the opposite bank.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTETraill_Dennison1891133_21-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTETraill_Dennison1891133-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Origins">Origins</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nuckelavee&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Origins"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Malevolent creatures possibly served to provide explanations for incidents that islanders were otherwise unable to account for; many ancient myths were based upon the natural elements of the turbulent and ever changing sea around Orkney.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTETraill_Dennison189070_31-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTETraill_Dennison189070-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-OJ_The_Sea_32-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-OJ_The_Sea-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMarwick200019_33-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMarwick200019-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWestwoodKingshill2012ix_34-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWestwoodKingshill2012ix-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Established Orcadian tales were strongly influenced by Scandinavian mythology with a blending of traditional <a href="/wiki/Celts" title="Celts">Celtic</a> stories,<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMuir201410_35-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMuir201410-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> so the nuckelavee may have its roots in a mythical creature imported by the <a href="/wiki/Norsemen" title="Norsemen">Norsemen</a> fused with a traditional Celtic <a href="/wiki/Water_horse" title="Water horse">water horse</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Orkneyjar_3-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Orkneyjar-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nuckelavee&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_fictional_horses" title="List of fictional horses">List of fictional horses</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Water_horse" title="Water horse">Water horse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hippocampus_(mythology)" title="Hippocampus (mythology)">Hippocampus (mythology)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kappa_(folklore)" title="Kappa (folklore)">Kappa (folklore)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neck_(water_spirit)" class="mw-redirect" title="Neck (water spirit)">Neck (water spirit)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peg_Powler" title="Peg Powler">Peg Powler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Selkie" title="Selkie">Selkie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vodyanoi" class="mw-redirect" title="Vodyanoi">Vodyanoi</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nuckelavee&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Notes">Notes</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nuckelavee&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Notes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-lower-alpha"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">It is uncertain why Jo Ben compiled the manuscript <i>Descriptions of Orkney</i>, which provides a sequential account of the Orkney Islands recording details of traditions and development. Various suggestions have been made as to his identity: <a href="/wiki/Scran" title="Scran">Scran</a> states he was John Ballender and had been sent to carry out a survey of the islands;<sup id="cite_ref-Manuscript_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Manuscript-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> historical geographer <a href="/wiki/Charles_W._J._Withers" title="Charles W. J. Withers">Charles W. J. Withers</a> suggests he was John Benston or Beinston, an Orkney bishop's clerk;<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWithers200148_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWithers200148-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and local historian Sigurd Towrie indicates he may have been John Bellenden or Ballendon, attributing the manuscript to be "the oldest surviving account of the Orkney Islands, after they transferred to Scotland in 1468".<sup id="cite_ref-JoBen_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-JoBen-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Specific dates are not given for exactly when Traill Dennison gathered the tales but his various transcripts were published between 1880 and 1894.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMarwick2000205_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMarwick2000205-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">As alluded to by Traill Dennison, to whom the story was told, Tammas's account bears a certain resemblance to the events in <a href="/wiki/Robert_Burns" title="Robert Burns">Robert Burns</a>'s poem <a href="/wiki/Tam_o%27_Shanter_(poem)" title="Tam o' Shanter (poem)">Tam o' Shanter </a> (1790).<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDouglas2010125_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEDouglas2010125-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-27">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">This is now commonly known as <a href="/wiki/Glanders" title="Glanders">glanders</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-DOSL_26-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-DOSL-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Citations">Citations</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nuckelavee&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Citations"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 31em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEBriggs200268-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBriggs200268_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBriggs200268_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFBriggs2002">Briggs (2002)</a>, p. 68</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEMonaghan2009ix,_xi,_xv-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMonaghan2009ix,_xi,_xv_2-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFMonaghan2009">Monaghan (2009)</a>, pp. ix, xi, xv</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Orkneyjar-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Orkneyjar_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Orkneyjar_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Orkneyjar_3-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs2"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.orkneyjar.com/folklore/nuckle.htm">"The Nuckelavee – Devil o' the Sea"</a>, Orkneyjar.com, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20141028181813/http://www.orkneyjar.com/folklore/nuckle.htm">archived</a> from the original on 28 October 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">, retrieved <span class="nowrap">14 June</span> 2014</span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Nuckelavee+%E2%80%93+Devil+o%27+the+Sea&rft.pub=Orkneyjar.com&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.orkneyjar.com%2Ffolklore%2Fnuckle.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANuckelavee" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTETraill_Dennison1891131-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTETraill_Dennison1891131_4-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTETraill_Dennison1891131_4-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTETraill_Dennison1891131_4-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFTraill_Dennison1891">Traill Dennison (1891)</a>, p. 131</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEMarwick200023-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMarwick200023_5-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMarwick200023_5-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMarwick200023_5-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMarwick200023_5-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMarwick200023_5-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMarwick200023_5-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFMarwick2000">Marwick (2000)</a>, p. 23</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEHibbert1891233-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHibbert1891233_6-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFHibbert1891">Hibbert (1891)</a>, p. 233</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Manuscript-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Manuscript_7-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs2"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.scran.ac.uk/database/record.php?usi=000-000-584-719-C&searchdb=scran">"Jo Benn's 1529 Description of North Ronaldsay"</a>, Scran, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150701154027/http://www.scran.ac.uk/database/record.php?usi=000-000-584-719-C&searchdb=scran">archived</a> from the original on 1 July 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">, retrieved <span class="nowrap">2 June</span> 2015</span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Jo+Benn%27s+1529+Description+of+North+Ronaldsay&rft.pub=Scran&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.scran.ac.uk%2Fdatabase%2Frecord.php%3Fusi%3D000-000-584-719-C%26searchdb%3Dscran&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANuckelavee" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEWithers200148-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWithers200148_8-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFWithers2001">Withers (2001)</a>, p. 48</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-JoBen-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-JoBen_9-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs2"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.orkneyjar.com/history/joben/">"Jo Ben's "Descriptions of Orkney"<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a>, Orkneyjar.com, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150701023857/http://www.orkneyjar.com/history/joben/">archived</a> from the original on 1 July 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">, retrieved <span class="nowrap">2 June</span> 2015</span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Jo+Ben%27s+%22Descriptions+of+Orkney%22&rft.pub=Orkneyjar.com&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.orkneyjar.com%2Fhistory%2Fjoben%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANuckelavee" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-OJ_Stronsay-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-OJ_Stronsay_11-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs2"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.orkneyjar.com/history/joben/stronsay.htm">"Jo Ben's 1529 "Descriptions of Orkney"<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a>, Orkneyjar.com, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150306103653/http://www.orkneyjar.com/history/joben/stronsay.htm">archived</a> from the original on 6 March 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">, retrieved <span class="nowrap">22 June</span> 2014</span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Jo+Ben%27s+1529+%22Descriptions+of+Orkney%22&rft.pub=Orkneyjar.com&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.orkneyjar.com%2Fhistory%2Fjoben%2Fstronsay.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANuckelavee" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-University-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-University_12-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJennings" class="citation web cs2">Jennings, Andrew, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20141023203710/http://www.uhi.ac.uk/en/research-enterprise/cultural/centre-for-nordic-studies/conferences-seminars/the-finnfolk">"The Finnfolk"</a>, <a href="/wiki/University_of_the_Highlands_and_Islands" title="University of the Highlands and Islands">University of the Highlands and Islands</a>, archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.uhi.ac.uk/en/research-enterprise/cultural/centre-for-nordic-studies/conferences-seminars/the-finnfolk">the original</a> on 23 October 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">, retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 June</span> 2014</span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Finnfolk&rft.pub=University+of+the+Highlands+and+Islands&rft.aulast=Jennings&rft.aufirst=Andrew&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.uhi.ac.uk%2Fen%2Fresearch-enterprise%2Fcultural%2Fcentre-for-nordic-studies%2Fconferences-seminars%2Fthe-finnfolk&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANuckelavee" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEMarwick2000205-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMarwick2000205_13-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFMarwick2000">Marwick (2000)</a>, p. 205</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEWestwoodKingshill2012387-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWestwoodKingshill2012387_15-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFWestwoodKingshill2012">Westwood & Kingshill (2012)</a>, p. 387</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTETraill_Dennison1891132-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTETraill_Dennison1891132_16-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTETraill_Dennison1891132_16-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTETraill_Dennison1891132_16-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTETraill_Dennison1891132_16-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTETraill_Dennison1891132_16-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTETraill_Dennison1891132_16-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFTraill_Dennison1891">Traill Dennison (1891)</a>, p. 132</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEMarwick200022-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMarwick200022_17-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMarwick200022_17-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMarwick200022_17-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFMarwick2000">Marwick (2000)</a>, p. 22</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEBriggs200267-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBriggs200267_18-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFBriggs2002">Briggs (2002)</a>, p. 67</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEDouglas2010125-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDouglas2010125_19-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFDouglas2010">Douglas (2010)</a>, p. 125</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTETraill_Dennison1891133-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTETraill_Dennison1891133_21-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTETraill_Dennison1891133_21-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFTraill_Dennison1891">Traill 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href="https://web.archive.org/web/20141017224435/http://www.scapaflow.co/index.php/culture_and_tradition/economy/the_kelp_industry">"The kelp industry"</a>, Scapa Flow Landscape Partnership Scheme, archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.scapaflow.co/index.php/culture_and_tradition/economy/the_kelp_industry">the original</a> on 17 October 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">, retrieved <span class="nowrap">24 June</span> 2014</span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+kelp+industry&rft.pub=Scapa+Flow+Landscape+Partnership+Scheme&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.scapaflow.co%2Findex.php%2Fculture_and_tradition%2Feconomy%2Fthe_kelp_industry&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANuckelavee" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Scran-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Scran_25-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"> <link 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href="#CITEREFFenton1997">Fenton (1997)</a>, p. 61</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEBane2013252-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBane2013252_29-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFBane2013">Bane (2013)</a>, p. 252</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEBriggs200253-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBriggs200253_30-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFBriggs2002">Briggs (2002)</a>, p. 53</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTETraill_Dennison189070-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTETraill_Dennison189070_31-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFTraill_Dennison1890">Traill Dennison (1890)</a>, p. 70</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-OJ_The_Sea-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-OJ_The_Sea_32-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs2"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.orkneyjar.com/folklore/sea.htm">"The Sea in Orkney Folklore"</a>, Orkneyjar.com, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140610071809/http://www.orkneyjar.com/folklore/sea.htm">archived</a> from the original on 10 June 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">, retrieved <span class="nowrap">26 June</span> 2014</span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Sea+in+Orkney+Folklore&rft.pub=Orkneyjar.com&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.orkneyjar.com%2Ffolklore%2Fsea.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANuckelavee" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEMarwick200019-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMarwick200019_33-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFMarwick2000">Marwick (2000)</a>, p. 19</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEWestwoodKingshill2012ix-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWestwoodKingshill2012ix_34-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFWestwoodKingshill2012">Westwood & Kingshill (2012)</a>, p. ix</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEMuir201410-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMuir201410_35-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFMuir2014">Muir (2014)</a>, p. 10</span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Bibliography">Bibliography</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nuckelavee&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Bibliography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239549316">.mw-parser-output .refbegin{margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul{margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{margin-left:0;padding-left:3.2em;text-indent:-3.2em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul,.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul li{list-style:none}@media(max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{padding-left:1.6em;text-indent:-1.6em}}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .refbegin{font-size:90%}}</style><div class="refbegin" style=""> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBane2013" class="citation cs2">Bane, Theresa (2013), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=nSuXAAAAQBAJ&pg=PT623"><i>Encyclopedia of Fairies in World Folklore and Mythology</i></a>, McFarland, <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-4766-1242-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-4766-1242-3"><bdi>978-1-4766-1242-3</bdi></a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Encyclopedia+of+Fairies+in+World+Folklore+and+Mythology&rft.pub=McFarland&rft.date=2013&rft.isbn=978-1-4766-1242-3&rft.aulast=Bane&rft.aufirst=Theresa&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DnSuXAAAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPT623&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANuckelavee" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBriggs2002" class="citation cs2"><a href="/wiki/Katharine_Mary_Briggs" title="Katharine Mary Briggs">Briggs, Katharine Mary</a> (2002) [1967], <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=si_cXO1yJNwC"><i>The Fairies in Tradition and Literature</i></a>, Psychology Press, <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-415-28601-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-415-28601-5"><bdi>978-0-415-28601-5</bdi></a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Fairies+in+Tradition+and+Literature&rft.pub=Psychology+Press&rft.date=2002&rft.isbn=978-0-415-28601-5&rft.aulast=Briggs&rft.aufirst=Katharine+Mary&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Dsi_cXO1yJNwC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANuckelavee" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDouglas2010" class="citation cs2">Douglas, George (2010) [1901], <i>Scottish Fairy and Folk Tales</i>, Abela Publishing, <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-907256-93-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-907256-93-6"><bdi>978-1-907256-93-6</bdi></a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Scottish+Fairy+and+Folk+Tales&rft.pub=Abela+Publishing&rft.date=2010&rft.isbn=978-1-907256-93-6&rft.aulast=Douglas&rft.aufirst=George&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANuckelavee" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFenton1997" class="citation cs2">Fenton, Alexander (1997), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=snsXlPgW7JYC&pg=PA663"><i>The Northern Isles: Orkney and Shetland</i></a>, Dundurn, <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-86232-058-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-86232-058-1"><bdi>978-1-86232-058-1</bdi></a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Northern+Isles%3A+Orkney+and+Shetland&rft.pub=Dundurn&rft.date=1997&rft.isbn=978-1-86232-058-1&rft.aulast=Fenton&rft.aufirst=Alexander&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DsnsXlPgW7JYC%26pg%3DPA663&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANuckelavee" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHibbert1891" class="citation cs2">Hibbert, Samuel (1891) [1822], <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/stream/descriptionofshe00hibbuoft#page/233/mode/1up"><i>A description of the Shetland Islands</i></a>, T and J Manson</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=A+description+of+the+Shetland+Islands&rft.pub=T+and+J+Manson&rft.date=1891&rft.aulast=Hibbert&rft.aufirst=Samuel&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fstream%2Fdescriptionofshe00hibbuoft%23page%2F233%2Fmode%2F1up&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANuckelavee" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMackMack2010" class="citation cs2">Mack, Carol K.; Mack, Dinah (2010), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=AhsbQyCQSyQC"><i>A Field Guide to Demons, Fairies, Fallen Angels and Other Subversive Spirits</i></a>, Profile Books, <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-84668-416-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-84668-416-6"><bdi>978-1-84668-416-6</bdi></a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=A+Field+Guide+to+Demons%2C+Fairies%2C+Fallen+Angels+and+Other+Subversive+Spirits&rft.pub=Profile+Books&rft.date=2010&rft.isbn=978-1-84668-416-6&rft.aulast=Mack&rft.aufirst=Carol+K.&rft.au=Mack%2C+Dinah&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DAhsbQyCQSyQC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANuckelavee" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMarwick2000" class="citation cs2">Marwick, Ernest W. (2000) [1975], <i>The Folklore of Orkney and Shetland</i>, Birlinn, <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-84158-048-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-84158-048-7"><bdi>978-1-84158-048-7</bdi></a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Folklore+of+Orkney+and+Shetland&rft.pub=Birlinn&rft.date=2000&rft.isbn=978-1-84158-048-7&rft.aulast=Marwick&rft.aufirst=Ernest+W.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANuckelavee" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMonaghan2009" class="citation cs2"><a href="/wiki/Patricia_Monaghan" title="Patricia Monaghan">Monaghan, Patricia</a> (2009), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=nd9R6GQBB_0C"><i>The Encyclopedia of Celtic Mythology and Folklore</i></a>, Infobase Publishing, <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-4381-1037-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-4381-1037-0"><bdi>978-1-4381-1037-0</bdi></a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Encyclopedia+of+Celtic+Mythology+and+Folklore&rft.pub=Infobase+Publishing&rft.date=2009&rft.isbn=978-1-4381-1037-0&rft.aulast=Monaghan&rft.aufirst=Patricia&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Dnd9R6GQBB_0C&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANuckelavee" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMuir2014" class="citation cs2">Muir, Tom (2014), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=_Qw7AwAAQBAJ&pg=PT178"><i>Orkney Folk Tales</i></a>, History Press, <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-7509-5533-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-7509-5533-1"><bdi>978-0-7509-5533-1</bdi></a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Orkney+Folk+Tales&rft.pub=History+Press&rft.date=2014&rft.isbn=978-0-7509-5533-1&rft.aulast=Muir&rft.aufirst=Tom&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D_Qw7AwAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPT178&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANuckelavee" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTraill_Dennison1890" class="citation cs2">Traill Dennison, Walter (1890), "Orkney Folklore, Sea Myths", <i>The Scottish Antiquary, or, Northern Notes and Queries</i>, <b>5</b> (18), Edinburgh University Press: 68–71, <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/25516326">25516326</a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Scottish+Antiquary%2C+or%2C+Northern+Notes+and+Queries&rft.atitle=Orkney+Folklore%2C+Sea+Myths&rft.volume=5&rft.issue=18&rft.pages=68-71&rft.date=1890&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F25516326%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft.aulast=Traill+Dennison&rft.aufirst=Walter&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANuckelavee" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTraill_Dennison1891" class="citation cs2">Traill Dennison, Walter (1891), "Orkney Folklore, Sea Myths", <i>The Scottish Antiquary, or, Northern Notes and Queries</i>, <b>5</b> (19), Edinburgh University Press: 130–133, <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/25516359">25516359</a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Scottish+Antiquary%2C+or%2C+Northern+Notes+and+Queries&rft.atitle=Orkney+Folklore%2C+Sea+Myths&rft.volume=5&rft.issue=19&rft.pages=130-133&rft.date=1891&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F25516359%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft.aulast=Traill+Dennison&rft.aufirst=Walter&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANuckelavee" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWestwoodKingshill2012" class="citation cs2"><a href="/wiki/Jennifer_Westwood" title="Jennifer Westwood">Westwood, Jennifer</a>; 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class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span title="Scottish Gaelic-language text"><span lang="gd" style="font-style: normal;"><a href="/wiki/Beithir" title="Beithir">Beithir</a></span></span></li> <li><span title="Scottish Gaelic-language text"><span lang="gd" style="font-style: normal;"><a href="/wiki/Gigelorum" title="Gigelorum">Gigelorum</a></span></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#c1e6c1;">Birds</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Boobrie" title="Boobrie">Boobrie</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#c1e6c1;">Cryptids</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span title="Scottish Gaelic-language text"><span lang="gd" style="font-style: normal;"><a href="/wiki/Loch_Ness_Monster" title="Loch Ness Monster">Loch Ness Monster</a></span></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#c1e6c1;">Deities</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span title="Scottish Gaelic-language text"><span lang="gd" style="font-style: normal;"><a href="/wiki/Beira_(mythology)" class="mw-redirect" title="Beira (mythology)">Beira</a></span></span></li> <li><span title="Scottish Gaelic-language text"><span lang="gd" style="font-style: normal;"><a href="/wiki/Cailleach" title="Cailleach">Cailleach</a></span></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#c1e6c1;">Demons</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span title="Scottish Gaelic-language text"><span lang="gd" style="font-style: normal;"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Nuckelavee</a></span></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#c1e6c1;">Fairies/spirits</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span title="Irish-language text"><span lang="ga" style="font-style: normal;"><a href="/wiki/Aos_S%C3%AD" title="Aos Sí">Aos Sí</a></span></span></li> <li><span title="Scottish Gaelic-language text"><span lang="gd" style="font-style: normal;"><a href="/wiki/Baobhan_sith" title="Baobhan sith">Baobhan sith</a></span></span></li> <li><span title="Scottish Gaelic-language text"><span lang="gd" style="font-style: normal;"><a href="/wiki/Bean-nighe" title="Bean-nighe">Bean-nighe</a></span></span></li> <li><span title="Scottish Gaelic-language text"><span lang="gd" style="font-style: normal;"><a href="/wiki/Biasd_Bheulach" title="Biasd Bheulach">Biasd Bheulach</a></span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blue_men_of_the_Minch" title="Blue men of the Minch">Blue men of the Minch</a></li> <li><span title="Scottish Gaelic-language text"><span lang="gd" style="font-style: normal;"><a href="/wiki/Bodach" title="Bodach">Bodach</a></span></span></li> <li><span title="Scottish Gaelic-language text"><span lang="gd" style="font-style: normal;"><a href="/wiki/Caoineag" title="Caoineag">Caoineag</a></span></span></li> <li><span title="Scottish Gaelic-language text"><span lang="gd" style="font-style: normal;"><a href="/wiki/Cat-s%C3%ACth" title="Cat-sìth">Cat-sìth</a></span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Changeling" title="Changeling">Changeling</a></li> <li><span title="Scottish Gaelic-language text"><span lang="gd" style="font-style: normal;"><a href="/wiki/C%C3%B9-s%C3%ACth" title="Cù-sìth">Cù-sìth</a></span></span></li> <li><span title="Scottish Gaelic-language text"><span lang="gd" style="font-style: normal;"><a href="/wiki/Each-uisge" title="Each-uisge">Each-uisge</a></span></span></li> <li><span title="Scottish Gaelic-language text"><span lang="gd" style="font-style: normal;"><a href="/wiki/Fuath" title="Fuath">Fuath</a></span></span></li> <li><span title="Scottish Gaelic-language text"><span lang="gd" style="font-style: normal;"><a href="/wiki/Gancanagh" title="Gancanagh">Gancanagh</a></span></span></li> <li><span title="Scottish Gaelic-language text"><span lang="gd" style="font-style: normal;"><a href="/wiki/Ghillie_Dhu" title="Ghillie Dhu">Ghillie Dhu</a></span></span></li> <li><span title="Scottish Gaelic-language text"><span lang="gd" style="font-style: normal;"><a href="/wiki/Glaistig" title="Glaistig">Glaistig</a></span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kelpie" title="Kelpie">Kelpie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maggy_Moulach" title="Maggy Moulach">Meg Mullach</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nuggle" title="Nuggle">Nuggle</a></li> <li><span title="Scots-language text"><span lang="sco" style="font-style: normal;"><a href="/wiki/Sea_Mither" title="Sea Mither">Sea Mither</a></span></span></li> <li><span title="Scots-language text"><span lang="sco" style="font-style: normal;"><a href="/wiki/Seelie" title="Seelie">Seelie</a></span></span></li> <li><span title="Scottish Gaelic-language text"><span lang="gd" style="font-style: normal;"><a href="/wiki/Seonaidh" title="Seonaidh">Seonaidh</a></span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trow_(folklore)" title="Trow (folklore)">Trow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Water_bull" title="Water bull">Water bull</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#c1e6c1;">Giants</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span title="Scottish Gaelic-language text"><span lang="gd" style="font-style: normal;"><a href="/wiki/Fachan" title="Fachan">Fachan</a></span></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#c1e6c1;">Gnomes</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pech_(mythology)" title="Pech (mythology)">Pech</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#c1e6c1;">Goblins/hobgoblins</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span title="Scottish Gaelic-language text"><span lang="gd" style="font-style: normal;"><a href="/wiki/Bauchan" title="Bauchan">Bauchan</a></span></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#c1e6c1;">Mermaids</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span title="Scottish Gaelic-language text"><span lang="gd" style="font-style: normal;"><a href="/wiki/Ceasg" title="Ceasg">Ceasg</a></span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Selkie" title="Selkie">Selkie</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Fairies_in_folklore" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background: #F2C1D1;;background: #F2C1D1;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Fairies" title="Template:Fairies"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Fairies" title="Template talk:Fairies"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Fairies" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Fairies"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Fairies_in_folklore" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Fairy" title="Fairy">Fairies</a> in folklore</div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="background: #F2C1D1;"><div><a href="/wiki/Classifications_of_fairies" title="Classifications of fairies">Classifications of fairies</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #F2C1D1;;width:1%;background: #F2C1D1;">Related articles</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%C3%81lfheimr" title="Álfheimr">Álfheimr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Celtic_sacred_trees" title="Celtic sacred trees">Celtic sacred trees</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Changeling" title="Changeling">Changeling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elfshot" title="Elfshot">Elfshot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fairy_godmother" title="Fairy godmother">Fairy godmother</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fairy-lock" title="Fairy-lock">Fairy-lock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fairy_painting" title="Fairy painting">Fairy painting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fairy_riding" title="Fairy riding">Fairy riding</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fairy_tale" title="Fairy tale">Fairy tale</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_fairy_tales" title="List of fairy tales">List</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fairy_Tale_(color)" class="mw-redirect" title="Fairy Tale (color)">Fairy Tale (color)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Familiar" title="Familiar">Familiar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Genius_loci" title="Genius loci">Genius loci</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Household_deity" title="Household deity">Household deity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hungry_grass" title="Hungry grass">Hungry grass</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nature_spirit" class="mw-redirect" title="Nature spirit">Nature spirit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tutelary_deity" title="Tutelary deity">Tutelary deity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Water_spirit" title="Water spirit">Water spirit</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #F2C1D1;;width:1%;background: #F2C1D1;">Abodes and structures</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fairy_fort" title="Fairy fort">Fairy fort</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fairyland" title="Fairyland">Fairyland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fairy_path" title="Fairy path">Fairy path</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fairy_ring" title="Fairy ring">Fairy ring</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background: #FADBEB;;background: #F8D2E2;"><div id="Attested_fairies" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Attested fairies</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #FADBEB;;width:1%">A–E</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Adhene" title="Adhene">Adhene</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aibell" title="Aibell">Aibell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alp-luachra" class="mw-redirect" title="Alp-luachra">Alp Luachra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anjana_(Cantabrian_mythology)" title="Anjana (Cantabrian mythology)">Anjana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aos_S%C3%AD" title="Aos Sí">Aos Sí (Aes Sídhe)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arkan_Sonney" class="mw-redirect" title="Arkan Sonney">Arkan Sonney</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Asrai" title="Asrai">Asrai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baobhan_sith" title="Baobhan sith">Baobhan sith</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Banshee" title="Banshee">Banshee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barghest" title="Barghest">Barghest</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bean_nighe" class="mw-redirect" title="Bean nighe">Bean nighe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Billy_Blind" title="Billy Blind">Billy Blind</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bir%C3%B3g" title="Biróg">Biróg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bloody_Bones" title="Bloody Bones">Bloody Bones</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bluecap" title="Bluecap">Bluecap</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blue_men_of_the_Minch" title="Blue men of the Minch">Blue men of the Minch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bodach" title="Bodach">Bodach</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boggart" title="Boggart">Boggart</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bogle" title="Bogle">Bogle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boobrie" title="Boobrie">Boobrie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brag_(folklore)" title="Brag (folklore)">Brag</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brownie_(folklore)" title="Brownie (folklore)">Brownie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brown_Man_of_the_Muirs" title="Brown Man of the Muirs">Brown Man of the Muirs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bucca_(mythological_creature)" title="Bucca (mythological creature)">Bucca</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Buggane" title="Buggane">Buggane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bugbear" title="Bugbear">Bugbear</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bugul_Noz" title="Bugul Noz">Bugul Noz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caoineag" title="Caoineag">Caoineag</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cat_s%C3%ACth" class="mw-redirect" title="Cat sìth">Cat sìth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/C%C3%B9_S%C3%ACth" class="mw-redirect" title="Cù Sìth">Cù Sìth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ceffyl_D%C5%B5r" title="Ceffyl Dŵr">Ceffyl Dŵr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cl%C3%ADodhna" title="Clíodhna">Clíodhna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clurichaun" title="Clurichaun">Clurichaun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coblynau" class="mw-redirect" title="Coblynau">Coblynau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Colt_pixie" title="Colt pixie">Colt pixie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cyhyraeth" title="Cyhyraeth">Cyhyraeth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Drude" title="Drude">Drude</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Duende_(mythology)" class="mw-redirect" title="Duende (mythology)">Duende</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Simonside_Dwarfs" title="Simonside Dwarfs">Duergar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dullahan" title="Dullahan">Dullahan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dunnie" title="Dunnie">Dunnie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Each-uisge" title="Each-uisge">Each-uisge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elf" title="Elf">Elf</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alp_(folklore)" title="Alp (folklore)">Alp</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/D%C3%B6kk%C3%A1lfar_and_Lj%C3%B3s%C3%A1lfar" title="Dökkálfar and Ljósálfar">Dökkálfar and Ljósálfar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elegast" title="Elegast">Elegast</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Erlking" title="Erlking">Erlking</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hulduf%C3%B3lk" title="Huldufólk">Huldufólk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Queen_of_Elphame" title="Queen of Elphame">Queen of Elphame</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Svart%C3%A1lfar" title="Svartálfar">Svartálfar</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #FADBEB;;width:1%">F–L</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fachan" title="Fachan">Fachan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fairy_Queen" title="Fairy Queen">Fairy Queen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Far_darrig" title="Far darrig">Fear dearg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fear_gorta" title="Fear gorta">Fear gorta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fenodyree" title="Fenodyree">Fenodyree</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Finfolk" title="Finfolk">Finfolk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Finvarra" title="Finvarra">Finvarra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fuath" title="Fuath">Fuath</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gancanagh" title="Gancanagh">Gancanagh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ghillie_Dhu" title="Ghillie Dhu">Ghillie Dhu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glaistig" title="Glaistig">Glaistig</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glashtyn" title="Glashtyn">Glashtyn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Groac%27h" title="Groac'h">Groac'h</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grindylow" title="Grindylow">Grindylow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gwragedd_Annwn" title="Gwragedd Annwn">Gwragedd Annwn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gwyllion" title="Gwyllion">Gwyllion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gwyn_ap_Nudd" title="Gwyn ap Nudd">Gwyn ap Nudd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Habetrot" title="Habetrot">Habetrot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hag" title="Hag">Hag</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Haltija" title="Haltija">Haltija</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Hedley_Kow" title="The Hedley Kow">The Hedley Kow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heinzelm%C3%A4nnchen" title="Heinzelmännchen">Heinzelmännchen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hinzelmann" title="Hinzelmann">Hinzelmann</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hob_(folklore)" title="Hob (folklore)">Hob</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hobbididance" title="Hobbididance">Hobbididance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hobgoblin" title="Hobgoblin">Hobgoblin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/H%C3%B6dekin" title="Hödekin">Hödekin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iannic-ann-%C3%B4d" title="Iannic-ann-ôd">Iannic-ann-ôd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jack-o%27-lantern" title="Jack-o'-lantern">Jack-o'-lantern</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jack_o%27_the_bowl" title="Jack o' the bowl">Jack o' the bowl</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jenny_Greenteeth" title="Jenny Greenteeth">Jenny Greenteeth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joan_the_Wad" title="Joan the Wad">Joan the Wad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joint-eater" title="Joint-eater">Joint-eater</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kelpie" title="Kelpie">Kelpie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kilmoulis" title="Kilmoulis">Kilmoulis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Knocker_(folklore)" title="Knocker (folklore)">Knocker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Knucker" title="Knucker">Knucker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kobold" title="Kobold">Kobold</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Klabautermann" title="Klabautermann">Klabautermann</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Korrigan" title="Korrigan">Korrigan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lady_of_the_Lake" title="Lady of the Lake">Lady of the Lake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lazy_Laurence" title="Lazy Laurence">Lazy Laurence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leanan_s%C3%ADdhe" title="Leanan sídhe">Leanan sídhe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leprechaun" title="Leprechaun">Leprechaun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lubber_fiend" title="Lubber fiend">Lubber fiend</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lutin" title="Lutin">Lutin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ly_Erg" title="Ly Erg">Ly Erg</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #FADBEB;;width:1%">M–Z</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mare_(folklore)" title="Mare (folklore)">Mare</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Margot_the_fairy" title="Margot the fairy">Margot the fairy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maggy_Moulach" title="Maggy Moulach">Meg Mullach</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Melusine" title="Melusine">Melusine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Merrow" title="Merrow">Merrow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mooinjer_veggey" title="Mooinjer veggey">Mooinjer veggey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Morgen_(mythological_creature)" title="Morgen (mythological creature)">Morgen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Morvarc%27h" title="Morvarc'h">Morvarc'h</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moss_people" title="Moss people">Moss people</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nain_Rouge" title="Nain Rouge">Nain Rouge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nelly_Longarms" title="Nelly Longarms">Nelly Longarms</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nicnevin" title="Nicnevin">Nicnevin/Gyre-Carling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nisse_(folklore)" title="Nisse (folklore)">Nisse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nixie_(folklore)" title="Nixie (folklore)">Nixie</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Nuckelavee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nuggle" title="Nuggle">Nuggle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oberon" title="Oberon">Oberon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peg_Powler" title="Peg Powler">Peg Powler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pillywiggin" title="Pillywiggin">Pillywiggin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pixie" title="Pixie">Pixie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/P%C3%BAca" title="Púca">Púca/Pwca</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Puck_(folklore)" title="Puck (folklore)">Puck</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/R%C3%A5" title="Rå">Rå</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bergsr%C3%A5" title="Bergsrå">Bergsrå</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hulder" title="Hulder">Hulder</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Radande" class="mw-redirect" title="Radande">Radande</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sj%C3%B6r%C3%A5" title="Sjörå">Sjörå</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Skogsr%C3%A5" title="Skogsrå">Skogsrå</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Redcap" title="Redcap">Redcap</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Schrat" title="Schrat">Schrat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sebile" title="Sebile">Sebile</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Selkie" title="Selkie">Selkie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seonaidh" title="Seonaidh">Seonaidh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shellycoat" title="Shellycoat">Shellycoat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sleih_beggey" title="Sleih beggey">Sleih beggey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sluagh" title="Sluagh">Sluagh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spriggan" title="Spriggan">Spriggan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sprite_(folklore)" title="Sprite (folklore)">Sprite/Water sprite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sylph" title="Sylph">Sylph</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tomte" class="mw-redirect" title="Tomte">Tomte</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tooth_fairy" title="Tooth fairy">Tooth fairy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trow_(folklore)" title="Trow (folklore)">Trow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tylwyth_Teg" title="Tylwyth Teg">Tylwyth Teg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Undine" title="Undine">Undine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Water_bull" title="Water bull">Water bull</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Water_horse" title="Water horse">Water horse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wicked_fairy_(Sleeping_Beauty)" title="Wicked fairy (Sleeping Beauty)">Wicked fairy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wight" title="Wight">Wight</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Will-o%27-the-wisp" title="Will-o'-the-wisp">Will-o'-the-wisp</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wirry-cow" title="Wirry-cow">Wirry-cow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xana" title="Xana">Xana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yallery_Brown" title="Yallery Brown">Yallery Brown</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yan-gant-y-tan" title="Yan-gant-y-tan">Yan-gant-y-tan</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background: #FADBEB;;background: #F8D2E2;"><div id="Fairy-like_beings_worldwide" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Fairy-like beings worldwide</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #FADBEB;;width:1%">Worldwide</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bogeyman" title="Bogeyman">Bogeyman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crone" title="Crone">Crone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Humanoid" title="Humanoid">Humanoid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Incubus" title="Incubus">Incubus</a>/<a href="/wiki/Succubus" title="Succubus">Succubus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Little_people_(mythology)" title="Little people (mythology)">Little people</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Merfolk" title="Merfolk">Merfolk</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mermaid" title="Mermaid">Mermaid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Merman" title="Merman">Merman</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #FADBEB;;width:1%">Africa</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abatwa" class="mw-redirect" title="Abatwa">Abatwa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Asanbosam" class="mw-redirect" title="Asanbosam">Asanbosam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aziza_(African_mythology)" class="mw-redirect" title="Aziza (African mythology)">Aziza</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Werehyena" title="Werehyena">Bultungin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eloko" title="Eloko">Eloko</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jengu" title="Jengu">Jengu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kishi_(folklore)" title="Kishi (folklore)">Kishi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mami_Wata" title="Mami Wata">Mami Wata</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Obayifo" title="Obayifo">Obayifo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rompo" title="Rompo">Rompo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Simbi" title="Simbi">Simbi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tikoloshe" title="Tikoloshe">Tikoloshe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yumboes" title="Yumboes">Yumboes</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #FADBEB;;width:1%">Americas</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alux" title="Alux">Alux</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anchimayen" title="Anchimayen">Anchimayen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caipora" title="Caipora">Caipora</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canotila" title="Canotila">Canotila</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chaneque" title="Chaneque">Chaneque</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christmas_elf" title="Christmas elf">Christmas elf</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curupira" title="Curupira">Curupira</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Encantado_(mythology)" class="mw-redirect" title="Encantado (mythology)">Encantado</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fearsome_critters" title="Fearsome critters">Fearsome critters</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grey_alien" title="Grey alien">Grey alien</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kelly%E2%80%93Hopkinsville_encounter" title="Kelly–Hopkinsville encounter">Hopkinsville Goblins</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Little_people_(mythology)#Native_American_folklore" title="Little people (mythology)">Ishigaq</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jogah" title="Jogah">Jogah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Little_green_men" title="Little green men">Little green men</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muki_(mythology)" title="Muki (mythology)">Muki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nimerigar" title="Nimerigar">Nimerigar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nordic_alien" class="mw-redirect" title="Nordic alien">Nordic alien</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/N%C3%BB%C3%B1n%C3%AB%27h%C3%AF" title="Nûñnë'hï">Nûñnë'hï</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pombero" title="Pombero">Pombero</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pukwudgie" title="Pukwudgie">Pukwudgie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saci_(Brazilian_folklore)" title="Saci (Brazilian folklore)">Saci</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trauco" title="Trauco">Trauco</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Little_people_(mythology)#Native_American_folklore" title="Little people (mythology)">Yunwi Tsunsdi</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #FADBEB;;width:1%">Asia</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anito" title="Anito">Diwata</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dokkaebi" title="Dokkaebi">Dokkaebi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fallen_angel" title="Fallen angel">Fallen angel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fox_spirit" title="Fox spirit">Fox spirit</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/H%E1%BB%93_ly_tinh" title="Hồ ly tinh">Hồ ly tinh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Huli_jing" class="mw-redirect" title="Huli jing">Huli jing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Huxian" title="Huxian">Huxian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Inari_%C5%8Ckami" title="Inari Ōkami">Inari Ōkami</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kitsune" title="Kitsune">Kitsune</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kumiho" title="Kumiho">Kumiho</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hyang" title="Hyang">Hyang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irshi" title="Irshi">Irshi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jinn" title="Jinn">Jinn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kijimuna" title="Kijimuna">Kijimuna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Korpokkur" title="Korpokkur">Korpokkur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mazzikin" title="Mazzikin">Mazzikin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mogwai_(Chinese_culture)" title="Mogwai (Chinese culture)">Mogwai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mrenh_kongveal" title="Mrenh kongveal">Mrenh kongveal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orang_bunian" title="Orang bunian">Orang bunian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peri" class="mw-redirect" title="Peri">Peri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Preta" title="Preta">Preta</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hungry_ghost" title="Hungry ghost">Hungry ghost</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tennin" title="Tennin">Tennin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yaksha" title="Yaksha">Yaksha</a>/<a href="/wiki/Yakshini" title="Yakshini">Yakshini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Y%C5%8Dkai" title="Yōkai">Yōkai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Y%C5%8Dsei" title="Yōsei">Yōsei</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zashiki-warashi" title="Zashiki-warashi">Zashiki warashi</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #FADBEB;;width:1%">Oceania</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bunyip" title="Bunyip">Bunyip</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manaia_(mythological_creature)" title="Manaia (mythological creature)">Manaia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Menehune" title="Menehune">Menehune</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mimi_(folklore)" title="Mimi (folklore)">Mimis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muldjewangk" title="Muldjewangk">Muldjewangk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nawao" title="Nawao">Nawao</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Patupaiarehe" title="Patupaiarehe">Patupaiarehe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taniwha" title="Taniwha">Taniwha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tipua" title="Tipua">Tipua</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wandjina" title="Wandjina">Wandjina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yara-ma-yha-who" title="Yara-ma-yha-who">Yara-ma-yha-who</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #FADBEB;;width:1%">Europe</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #FADBEB;;width:1%">Eastern</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bannik" title="Bannik">Bannik</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/C%C4%83pc%C4%83un" title="Căpcăun">Căpcăun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Domovoy" title="Domovoy">Domovoy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iele" title="Iele">Iele</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karze%C5%82ek" title="Karzełek">Karzełek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kikimora" title="Kikimora">Kikimora</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leshy" title="Leshy">Leshy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lid%C3%A9rc" title="Lidérc">Lidérc</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Likho" title="Likho">Likho</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ovinnik" title="Ovinnik">Ovinnik</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polevik" title="Polevik">Polevik</a></li> <li>Psotnik</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rusalka" title="Rusalka">Rusalka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/S%C3%A2nzian%C4%83" title="Sânziană">Sânziană</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siren_(mythology)" title="Siren (mythology)">Siren</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spiridu%C8%99" title="Spiriduș">Spiriduș</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ursitory" title="Ursitory">Ursitory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vadleany" class="mw-redirect" title="Vadleany">Vadleany</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/V%C3%A2lv%C4%83" title="Vâlvă">Vâlvă</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/V%C3%A2ntoase" title="Vântoase">Vântoase</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vodyanoy" title="Vodyanoy">Vodyanoy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Z%C3%A2n%C4%83" title="Zână">Zână</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #FADBEB;;width:1%">Northern</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aitvaras" title="Aitvaras">Aitvaras</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ajatar" title="Ajatar">Ajatar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Badb" title="Badb">Badb</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Black_dog_(folklore)" title="Black dog (folklore)">Black dog</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gabija" title="Gabija">Gabija</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gremlin" title="Gremlin">Gremlin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Haltija" title="Haltija">Haltija</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Headless_Horseman" title="Headless Horseman">Headless Horseman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hiisi" title="Hiisi">Hiisi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jack_Frost" title="Jack Frost">Jack Frost</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jimmy_Squarefoot" title="Jimmy Squarefoot">Jimmy Squarefoot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lauma" title="Lauma">Lauma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mennink%C3%A4inen" title="Menninkäinen">Menninkäinen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Morgan_Le_Fay" class="mw-redirect" title="Morgan Le Fay">Morgan Le Fay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pictish_Beast" title="Pictish Beast">Pictish Beast</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Troll" title="Troll">Troll</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tuatha_D%C3%A9_Danann" title="Tuatha Dé Danann">Tuatha Dé Danann</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #FADBEB;;width:1%">Southern</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Basajaun" title="Basajaun">Basajaun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Centaur" title="Centaur">Centaur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cercopes" title="Cercopes">Cercopes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Circe" title="Circe">Circe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dionysus" title="Dionysus">Dionysus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Donas_de_fuera" class="mw-redirect" title="Donas de fuera">Doñas de fuera</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Farfadet" title="Farfadet">Farfadet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Faun" title="Faun">Faun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hecate" title="Hecate">Hecate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hippocampus_(mythology)" title="Hippocampus (mythology)">Hippocampus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kallikantzaros" title="Kallikantzaros">Kallikantzaros</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kobalos" title="Kobalos">Kobalos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lamia_(Basque_mythology)" title="Lamia (Basque mythology)">Lamina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mairu" title="Mairu">Mairu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mouros" title="Mouros">Mouro</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Enchanted_Moura" title="Enchanted Moura">Enchanted Moura</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nymph" title="Nymph">Nymph</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Nymph#List" title="Nymph">List</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pan_(god)" title="Pan (god)">Pan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Satyr" title="Satyr">Satyr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Silenus" title="Silenus">Silenus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siren_(mythology)" title="Siren (mythology)">Siren</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Squasc" title="Squasc">Squasc</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thiasus" title="Thiasus">Thiasus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trenti" title="Trenti">Trenti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vila_(fairy)" title="Vila (fairy)">Vila</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #FADBEB;;width:1%">Western</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dames_blanches" title="Dames blanches">Dames blanches</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dusios" title="Dusios">Dusios</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dwarf_(folklore)" title="Dwarf (folklore)">Dwarf</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Imp" title="Imp">Imp</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lorelei#Original_folklore_and_modern_myth" title="Lorelei">Lorelei</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Perchta" title="Perchta">Perchta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Venusberg_(mythology)" title="Venusberg (mythology)">Venus in German legend</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vittra_(folklore)" title="Vittra (folklore)">Vittra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Witte_Wieven" title="Witte Wieven">Witte Wieven</a>/<a href="/wiki/Wei%C3%9Fe_Frauen" title="Weiße Frauen">Weiße Frauen</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #FADBEB;;width:1%">Cross-regional</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Christmas_gift-bringer" title="Christmas gift-bringer">Christmas gift-bringer</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Santa_Claus" title="Santa Claus">Santa Claus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Companions_of_Saint_Nicholas" title="Companions of Saint Nicholas">Companions of</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elemental" title="Elemental">Elemental</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fates" title="Fates">Fates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Goblin" title="Goblin">Goblin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gnome" title="Gnome">Gnome</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cultural_depictions_of_salamanders" title="Cultural depictions of salamanders">Salamander</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sandman" title="Sandman">Sandman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wild_man" title="Wild man">Wild man</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #FADBEB;;width:1%">See also</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_hybrid_creatures_in_folklore" title="List of hybrid creatures in folklore">List of hybrid creatures in folklore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_beings_referred_to_as_fairies" title="List of beings referred to as fairies">List of beings referred to as fairies</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="background: #F2C1D1;"><div> <dl><dd><span class="noviewer" 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