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postvocalic liquids: An onset-specifier approach</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">In this paper we propose that the traditional rhymal adjunct position of standard Government Phonology should be replaced by an onset-specifier position, allowing a uniform interpretation of licensing and government relations within... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_1532327" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">In this paper we propose that the traditional rhymal adjunct position of standard Government Phonology should be replaced by an onset-specifier position, allowing a uniform interpretation of licensing and government relations within syllabic constituents. This approach appropriately models a number of generalisations regarding the distribution of postvocalic liquids in English and other languages, and can be fruitfully extended to other postvocalic consonants, such as nasals and /s/.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/1532327" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="ef04d2fe133d4240403a267297b03815" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":50940498,"asset_id":1532327,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/50940498/download_file?st=MTczMjQ1MjAzMyw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="1654465" href="https://leidenuniv.academia.edu/BertBotma">Bert Botma</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="1654465" type="text/json">{"id":1654465,"first_name":"Bert","last_name":"Botma","domain_name":"leidenuniv","page_name":"BertBotma","display_name":"Bert Botma","profile_url":"https://leidenuniv.academia.edu/BertBotma?f_ri=73860","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_1532327 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="1532327"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 1532327, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_1532327", }); 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This approach appropriately models a number of generalisations regarding the distribution of postvocalic liquids in English and other languages, and can be fruitfully extended to other postvocalic consonants, such as nasals and /s/.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":50940498,"asset_id":1532327,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":1654465,"first_name":"Bert","last_name":"Botma","domain_name":"leidenuniv","page_name":"BertBotma","display_name":"Bert Botma","profile_url":"https://leidenuniv.academia.edu/BertBotma?f_ri=73860","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":237,"name":"Cognitive Science","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cognitive_Science?f_ri=73860","nofollow":false},{"id":1239,"name":"Phonology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonology?f_ri=73860","nofollow":false},{"id":6223,"name":"English","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/English?f_ri=73860","nofollow":false},{"id":15674,"name":"Linguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Linguistics?f_ri=73860","nofollow":false},{"id":64691,"name":"Syllable","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Syllable?f_ri=73860"},{"id":73860,"name":"Phonotactics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonotactics?f_ri=73860"},{"id":521876,"name":"Lingua","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Lingua?f_ri=73860"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_75696647" data-work_id="75696647" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/75696647/Syllables_and_Gemination_in_Imperfective_Stems_in_Tashlhiyt_Berber">Syllables and Gemination in Imperfective Stems in Tashlhiyt Berber</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/75696647" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="5a8cd4a627a26da0d6036483818af5cd" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":83450565,"asset_id":75696647,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/83450565/download_file?st=MTczMjQ1MjAzMyw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="16157542" href="https://cnrs.academia.edu/Fran%C3%A7oisDELL">François DELL</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="16157542" type="text/json">{"id":16157542,"first_name":"François","last_name":"DELL","domain_name":"cnrs","page_name":"FrançoisDELL","display_name":"François DELL","profile_url":"https://cnrs.academia.edu/Fran%C3%A7oisDELL?f_ri=73860","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_75696647 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="75696647"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 75696647, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_75696647", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=75696647]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_75696647").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_75696647").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="75696647"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">7</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="300" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mathematics">Mathematics</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="300" type="text/json">{"id":300,"name":"Mathematics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mathematics?f_ri=73860","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1239" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonology">Phonology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="1239" type="text/json">{"id":1239,"name":"Phonology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonology?f_ri=73860","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="15674" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Linguistics">Linguistics</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="15674" type="text/json">{"id":15674,"name":"Linguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Linguistics?f_ri=73860","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="73860" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonotactics">Phonotactics</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="73860" type="text/json">{"id":73860,"name":"Phonotactics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonotactics?f_ri=73860","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=75696647]'), work: {"id":75696647,"title":"Syllables and Gemination in Imperfective Stems in Tashlhiyt Berber","created_at":"2022-04-07T01:12:48.882-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/75696647/Syllables_and_Gemination_in_Imperfective_Stems_in_Tashlhiyt_Berber?f_ri=73860","dom_id":"work_75696647","summary":null,"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":83450565,"asset_id":75696647,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":16157542,"first_name":"François","last_name":"DELL","domain_name":"cnrs","page_name":"FrançoisDELL","display_name":"François DELL","profile_url":"https://cnrs.academia.edu/Fran%C3%A7oisDELL?f_ri=73860","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":300,"name":"Mathematics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mathematics?f_ri=73860","nofollow":false},{"id":1239,"name":"Phonology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonology?f_ri=73860","nofollow":false},{"id":15674,"name":"Linguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Linguistics?f_ri=73860","nofollow":false},{"id":73860,"name":"Phonotactics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonotactics?f_ri=73860","nofollow":false},{"id":121940,"name":"STEM","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/STEM?f_ri=73860"},{"id":123744,"name":"Language Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Language_Studies?f_ri=73860"},{"id":372362,"name":"Gemination","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Gemination?f_ri=73860"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_15714989" data-work_id="15714989" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/15714989/Introduction_to_Phonotactics_cross_linguistic_perspectives_from_acquisition_speech_production_and_corpus_studies_">Introduction to "Phonotactics: cross-linguistic perspectives from acquisition, speech production and corpus studies"</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Phonotactics refers to the principles according to which lan- guages allow sound combinations and segment sequencing to form larger units such as syllables and words. In the study of phono- tactics, we are faced with a series of apparent... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_15714989" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Phonotactics refers to the principles according to which lan- guages allow sound combinations and segment sequencing to form larger units such as syllables and words. In the study of phono- tactics, we are faced with a series of apparent contradictions and empirical problems that require critical comparisons of alternative explanatory models and, most often, an investigation of the ‘inter- faces’ between phonotactics and other levels of linguistic organiza- tion, particularly phonetics and morphology. One problematic aspect is due to the fact that phonotactics is part of the phonological gram- mar of a language, and at the same time it is regulated by a number of non-categorical, probabilistic constraints and preferences. It is thus not surprising that the awareness among linguists regarding the role of probability, so crucial in accounting for changes and vari- ations across languages and historical stages (Bod et al. 2003), has developed early in connection with observations on the variability in the ‘phonotactic grammar’ of speakers (e.g. Scholes 1966) and on the changing degrees of ‘acceptability’ of word-sized strings (later called ‘wordlikeness’ – a term that explicitly presupposes a probabilistic view of the phonology). A second challenging issue related to phono- tactics has to do with the universal versus language-specific nature of phonotactic rules and preferences. Asking what is common to all linguistic systems and what, by contrast, is implemented in individ- ual phonologies under specific conditions has promoted the adoption of a variety of empirical methodologies ranging from the survey of big samples of languages to the psycholinguistic study of how pho- notactic structures are processed and acquired, and from probability computations to the investigation of how consonantal and vocalic sequences are produced and perceived.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/15714989" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="ae815fa5e539d687ac3a867253b06d3c" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":39150001,"asset_id":15714989,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/39150001/download_file?st=MTczMjQ1MjAzMyw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="16270508" href="https://urbinoc.academia.edu/ChiaraCelata">Chiara Celata</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="16270508" type="text/json">{"id":16270508,"first_name":"Chiara","last_name":"Celata","domain_name":"urbinoc","page_name":"ChiaraCelata","display_name":"Chiara Celata","profile_url":"https://urbinoc.academia.edu/ChiaraCelata?f_ri=73860","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/16270508/10170030/51681200/s65_chiara.celata.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_15714989 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="15714989"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 15714989, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_15714989", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_15714989 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 15714989; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_15714989"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_15714989 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="15714989"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 15714989; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=15714989]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_15714989").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_15714989").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="15714989"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">8</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="4972" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Psycholinguistics">Psycholinguistics</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="4972" type="text/json">{"id":4972,"name":"Psycholinguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Psycholinguistics?f_ri=73860","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="31963" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Morphology_Languages_And_Linguistics_">Morphology (Languages And Linguistics)</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="31963" type="text/json">{"id":31963,"name":"Morphology (Languages And Linguistics)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Morphology_Languages_And_Linguistics_?f_ri=73860","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="38910" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Linguistic_Typology">Linguistic Typology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="38910" type="text/json">{"id":38910,"name":"Linguistic Typology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Linguistic_Typology?f_ri=73860","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="60338" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonetics_and_Phonology">Phonetics and Phonology</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="60338" type="text/json">{"id":60338,"name":"Phonetics and Phonology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonetics_and_Phonology?f_ri=73860","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=15714989]'), work: {"id":15714989,"title":"Introduction to \"Phonotactics: cross-linguistic perspectives from acquisition, speech production and corpus studies\"","created_at":"2015-09-15T02:40:33.537-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/15714989/Introduction_to_Phonotactics_cross_linguistic_perspectives_from_acquisition_speech_production_and_corpus_studies_?f_ri=73860","dom_id":"work_15714989","summary":"Phonotactics refers to the principles according to which lan- guages allow sound combinations and segment sequencing to form larger units such as syllables and words. In the study of phono- tactics, we are faced with a series of apparent contradictions and empirical problems that require critical comparisons of alternative explanatory models and, most often, an investigation of the ‘inter- faces’ between phonotactics and other levels of linguistic organiza- tion, particularly phonetics and morphology. One problematic aspect is due to the fact that phonotactics is part of the phonological gram- mar of a language, and at the same time it is regulated by a number of non-categorical, probabilistic constraints and preferences. It is thus not surprising that the awareness among linguists regarding the role of probability, so crucial in accounting for changes and vari- ations across languages and historical stages (Bod et al. 2003), has developed early in connection with observations on the variability in the ‘phonotactic grammar’ of speakers (e.g. Scholes 1966) and on the changing degrees of ‘acceptability’ of word-sized strings (later called ‘wordlikeness’ – a term that explicitly presupposes a probabilistic view of the phonology). A second challenging issue related to phono- tactics has to do with the universal versus language-specific nature of phonotactic rules and preferences. Asking what is common to all linguistic systems and what, by contrast, is implemented in individ- ual phonologies under specific conditions has promoted the adoption of a variety of empirical methodologies ranging from the survey of big samples of languages to the psycholinguistic study of how pho- notactic structures are processed and acquired, and from probability computations to the investigation of how consonantal and vocalic sequences are produced and perceived.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":39150001,"asset_id":15714989,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":16270508,"first_name":"Chiara","last_name":"Celata","domain_name":"urbinoc","page_name":"ChiaraCelata","display_name":"Chiara Celata","profile_url":"https://urbinoc.academia.edu/ChiaraCelata?f_ri=73860","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/16270508/10170030/51681200/s65_chiara.celata.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":4972,"name":"Psycholinguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Psycholinguistics?f_ri=73860","nofollow":false},{"id":31963,"name":"Morphology (Languages And Linguistics)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Morphology_Languages_And_Linguistics_?f_ri=73860","nofollow":false},{"id":38910,"name":"Linguistic Typology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Linguistic_Typology?f_ri=73860","nofollow":false},{"id":60338,"name":"Phonetics and Phonology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonetics_and_Phonology?f_ri=73860","nofollow":false},{"id":73860,"name":"Phonotactics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonotactics?f_ri=73860"},{"id":383319,"name":"Consonant Clusters","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Consonant_Clusters?f_ri=73860"},{"id":525054,"name":"Markedness","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Markedness?f_ri=73860"},{"id":1714907,"name":"Morphonotactics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Morphonotactics?f_ri=73860"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_9829952" data-work_id="9829952" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/9829952/Phonotactic_constraints_in_Chinese_dialects">Phonotactic constraints in Chinese dialects</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">The study of phonotactics is concerned with speakers' knowledge of possible and impossible sound combinations. What is the reason for the absence of certain logically possible sound combinations in a language? Is it the result of... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_9829952" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">The study of phonotactics is concerned with speakers' knowledge of possible and impossible sound combinations. What is the reason for the absence of certain logically possible sound combinations in a language? Is it the result of accidents of history or do the gaps reflect a grammatical system that restricts the syllable inventory of the language? This entry reviews evidence of phonotactic generalizations in a variety of Chinese languages, examining ways to unearth Chinese speaker's knowledge of phonotactic constraints.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/9829952" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="a4b046332a988ef750d154ba82a7af9d" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":35997324,"asset_id":9829952,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/35997324/download_file?st=MTczMjQ1MjAzMyw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="218086" href="https://chicago.academia.edu/AlanYu">Alan Yu</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="218086" type="text/json">{"id":218086,"first_name":"Alan","last_name":"Yu","domain_name":"chicago","page_name":"AlanYu","display_name":"Alan Yu","profile_url":"https://chicago.academia.edu/AlanYu?f_ri=73860","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/218086/2791717/3254946/s65_alan.yu.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_9829952 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="9829952"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 9829952, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_9829952", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_9829952 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 9829952; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_9829952"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_9829952 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="9829952"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 9829952; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=9829952]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_9829952").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_9829952").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="9829952"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">3</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="9801" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chinese_Language_and_Culture">Chinese Language and Culture</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="9801" type="text/json">{"id":9801,"name":"Chinese Language and Culture","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chinese_Language_and_Culture?f_ri=73860","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="73860" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonotactics">Phonotactics</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="73860" type="text/json">{"id":73860,"name":"Phonotactics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonotactics?f_ri=73860","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="646584" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cantonese_Linguistics">Cantonese Linguistics</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="646584" type="text/json">{"id":646584,"name":"Cantonese Linguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cantonese_Linguistics?f_ri=73860","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=9829952]'), work: {"id":9829952,"title":"Phonotactic constraints in Chinese dialects","created_at":"2014-12-18T13:32:26.387-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/9829952/Phonotactic_constraints_in_Chinese_dialects?f_ri=73860","dom_id":"work_9829952","summary":"The study of phonotactics is concerned with speakers' knowledge of possible and impossible sound combinations. What is the reason for the absence of certain logically possible sound combinations in a language? Is it the result of accidents of history or do the gaps reflect a grammatical system that restricts the syllable inventory of the language? This entry reviews evidence of phonotactic generalizations in a variety of Chinese languages, examining ways to unearth Chinese speaker's knowledge of phonotactic constraints.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":35997324,"asset_id":9829952,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":218086,"first_name":"Alan","last_name":"Yu","domain_name":"chicago","page_name":"AlanYu","display_name":"Alan Yu","profile_url":"https://chicago.academia.edu/AlanYu?f_ri=73860","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/218086/2791717/3254946/s65_alan.yu.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":9801,"name":"Chinese Language and Culture","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chinese_Language_and_Culture?f_ri=73860","nofollow":false},{"id":73860,"name":"Phonotactics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonotactics?f_ri=73860","nofollow":false},{"id":646584,"name":"Cantonese Linguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cantonese_Linguistics?f_ri=73860","nofollow":false}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_35995583 coauthored" data-work_id="35995583" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/35995583/Coalescent_assimilation_across_word_boundaries_in_American_English_and_in_Polish_English">Coalescent assimilation across word-boundaries in American English and in Polish English</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Coalescent assimilation (CA), where alveolar obstruents /t, d, s, z/ in word-final position merge with word-initial /j/ to produce postalveolar /tʃ, dʒ, ʃ, ʒ/, is one of the most well-known connected speech processes in English. Due to... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_35995583" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Coalescent assimilation (CA), where alveolar obstruents /t, d, s, z/ in word-final position merge with word-initial /j/ to produce postalveolar /tʃ, dʒ, ʃ, ʒ/, is one of the most well-known connected speech processes in English. Due to its commonness, CA has been discussed in numerous textbook descriptions of English pronunciation, and yet, upon comparing them it is difficult to get a clear picture of what factors make its application likely. This paper aims to investigate the application of CA in American English to see a) what factors increase the likelihood of its application for each of the four alveolar obstruents, and b) what is the allophonic realization of plosives /t, d/ if the CA does not apply. To do so, the Buckeye Corpus (Pitt et al. 2007) of spoken American English is analyzed quantitatively. As a second step, these results are compared with Polish English; statistics analogous to the ones listed above for American English are gathered for Polish English based on the PLEC corpus (Pęzik 2012). The last section focuses on what consequences for teaching based on a native speaker model the findings have. It is argued that a description of the phenomenon that reflects the behavior of speakers of American English more accurately than extant textbook accounts could be beneficial to the acquisition of these patterns.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/35995583" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="d90297aee2069a7977426dfea77a50d4" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":55881307,"asset_id":35995583,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/55881307/download_file?st=MTczMjQ1MjAzMyw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="10981271" href="https://amu.academia.edu/KamilKa%C5%BAmierski">Kamil Kaźmierski</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="10981271" type="text/json">{"id":10981271,"first_name":"Kamil","last_name":"Kaźmierski","domain_name":"amu","page_name":"KamilKaźmierski","display_name":"Kamil Kaźmierski","profile_url":"https://amu.academia.edu/KamilKa%C5%BAmierski?f_ri=73860","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/10981271/3264782/20397233/s65_kamil.ka_mierski.jpg"}</script></span></span><span class="u-displayInlineBlock InlineList-item-text"> and <span class="u-textDecorationUnderline u-clickable InlineList-item-text js-work-more-authors-35995583">+1</span><div class="hidden js-additional-users-35995583"><div><span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a href="https://univie.academia.edu/AndreasBaumann">Andreas Baumann</a></span></div></div></span><script>(function(){ var popoverSettings = { el: $('.js-work-more-authors-35995583'), placement: 'bottom', hide_delay: 200, html: true, content: function(){ return $('.js-additional-users-35995583').html(); } } new HoverPopover(popoverSettings); })();</script></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_35995583 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="35995583"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 35995583, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_35995583", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_35995583 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 35995583; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_35995583"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_35995583 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="35995583"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 35995583; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=35995583]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_35995583").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_35995583").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="35995583"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">2</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2139" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonetics">Phonetics</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="2139" type="text/json">{"id":2139,"name":"Phonetics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonetics?f_ri=73860","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="73860" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonotactics">Phonotactics</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="73860" type="text/json">{"id":73860,"name":"Phonotactics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonotactics?f_ri=73860","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=35995583]'), work: {"id":35995583,"title":"Coalescent assimilation across word-boundaries in American English and in Polish English","created_at":"2018-02-23T07:28:09.392-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/35995583/Coalescent_assimilation_across_word_boundaries_in_American_English_and_in_Polish_English?f_ri=73860","dom_id":"work_35995583","summary":"Coalescent assimilation (CA), where alveolar obstruents /t, d, s, z/ in word-final position merge with word-initial /j/ to produce postalveolar /tʃ, dʒ, ʃ, ʒ/, is one of the most well-known connected speech processes in English. Due to its commonness, CA has been discussed in numerous textbook descriptions of English pronunciation, and yet, upon comparing them it is difficult to get a clear picture of what factors make its application likely. This paper aims to investigate the application of CA in American English to see a) what factors increase the likelihood of its application for each of the four alveolar obstruents, and b) what is the allophonic realization of plosives /t, d/ if the CA does not apply. To do so, the Buckeye Corpus (Pitt et al. 2007) of spoken American English is analyzed quantitatively. As a second step, these results are compared with Polish English; statistics analogous to the ones listed above for American English are gathered for Polish English based on the PLEC corpus (Pęzik 2012). The last section focuses on what consequences for teaching based on a native speaker model the findings have. It is argued that a description of the phenomenon that reflects the behavior of speakers of American English more accurately than extant textbook accounts could be beneficial to the acquisition of these patterns.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":55881307,"asset_id":35995583,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":10981271,"first_name":"Kamil","last_name":"Kaźmierski","domain_name":"amu","page_name":"KamilKaźmierski","display_name":"Kamil Kaźmierski","profile_url":"https://amu.academia.edu/KamilKa%C5%BAmierski?f_ri=73860","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/10981271/3264782/20397233/s65_kamil.ka_mierski.jpg"},{"id":3380823,"first_name":"Andreas","last_name":"Baumann","domain_name":"univie","page_name":"AndreasBaumann","display_name":"Andreas Baumann","profile_url":"https://univie.academia.edu/AndreasBaumann?f_ri=73860","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/3380823/19121099/19070056/s65_andreas.baumann.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":2139,"name":"Phonetics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonetics?f_ri=73860","nofollow":false},{"id":73860,"name":"Phonotactics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonotactics?f_ri=73860","nofollow":false}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_848679" data-work_id="848679" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/848679/Phonotactics_and_the_prestopped_velar_lateral_in_Hiw_Resolving_the_ambiguity_of_a_complex_segment">Phonotactics and the prestopped velar lateral in Hiw: Resolving the ambiguity of a complex segment</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Complex segments consisting of two phases are potentially ambivalent as to which phase determines their phonemic status – e.g. whether /tn/ is a stop or a nasal. This theoretical problem is addressed here with respect to a typologically... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_848679" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Complex segments consisting of two phases are potentially ambivalent as to which phase determines their phonemic status – e.g. whether /tn/ is a stop or a nasal. This theoretical problem is addressed here with respect to a typologically unusual phoneme in Hiw, an endangered Oceanic language of Vanuatu. This complex segment, /gL/, combines a velar voiced stop and a velar lateral approximant. Similar phonemes, in the few languages which have them, have been variously described as (laterally released) stops, affricates or (prestopped) laterals. The nature of Hiw /gL/ can be established from its patterning in tautosyllabic consonant clusters. The licensing of word-initial CC clusters in Hiw complies with the Sonority Sequencing Principle, albeit with some adjustments. Consequently, the well-formedness of words like /mgLejiŋə/ ‘berserk’ relies on /gL/ being analyzed as a prestopped velar lateral approximant – the only liquid in the system.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/848679" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="7a702325603d66749eefddf68f21ac12" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":5162806,"asset_id":848679,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/5162806/download_file?st=MTczMjQ1MjAzMyw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="678400" href="https://cnrs.academia.edu/AlexFran%C3%A7ois">Alexandre François</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="678400" type="text/json">{"id":678400,"first_name":"Alexandre","last_name":"François","domain_name":"cnrs","page_name":"AlexFrançois","display_name":"Alexandre François","profile_url":"https://cnrs.academia.edu/AlexFran%C3%A7ois?f_ri=73860","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/678400/235436/92506599/s65_alexandre.fran_ois.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_848679 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="848679"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 848679, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_848679", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_848679 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 848679; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_848679"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_848679 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="848679"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 848679; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=848679]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_848679").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_848679").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="848679"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">4</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1239" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonology">Phonology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="1239" type="text/json">{"id":1239,"name":"Phonology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonology?f_ri=73860","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="60338" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonetics_and_Phonology">Phonetics and Phonology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="60338" type="text/json">{"id":60338,"name":"Phonetics and Phonology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonetics_and_Phonology?f_ri=73860","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="73860" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonotactics">Phonotactics</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="73860" type="text/json">{"id":73860,"name":"Phonotactics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonotactics?f_ri=73860","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="289780" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Languages_of_Vanuatu">Languages of Vanuatu</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="289780" type="text/json">{"id":289780,"name":"Languages of Vanuatu","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Languages_of_Vanuatu?f_ri=73860","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=848679]'), work: {"id":848679,"title":"Phonotactics and the prestopped velar lateral in Hiw: Resolving the ambiguity of a complex segment","created_at":"2011-08-21T10:28:03.584-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/848679/Phonotactics_and_the_prestopped_velar_lateral_in_Hiw_Resolving_the_ambiguity_of_a_complex_segment?f_ri=73860","dom_id":"work_848679","summary":"Complex segments consisting of two phases are potentially ambivalent as to which phase determines their phonemic status – e.g. whether /tn/ is a stop or a nasal. This theoretical problem is addressed here with respect to a typologically unusual phoneme in Hiw, an endangered Oceanic language of Vanuatu. This complex segment, /gL/, combines a velar voiced stop and a velar lateral approximant. Similar phonemes, in the few languages which have them, have been variously described as (laterally released) stops, affricates or (prestopped) laterals. The nature of Hiw /gL/ can be established from its patterning in tautosyllabic consonant clusters. The licensing of word-initial CC clusters in Hiw complies with the Sonority Sequencing Principle, albeit with some adjustments. Consequently, the well-formedness of words like /mgLejiŋə/ ‘berserk’ relies on /gL/ being analyzed as a prestopped velar lateral approximant – the only liquid in the system.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":5162806,"asset_id":848679,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":678400,"first_name":"Alexandre","last_name":"François","domain_name":"cnrs","page_name":"AlexFrançois","display_name":"Alexandre François","profile_url":"https://cnrs.academia.edu/AlexFran%C3%A7ois?f_ri=73860","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/678400/235436/92506599/s65_alexandre.fran_ois.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":1239,"name":"Phonology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonology?f_ri=73860","nofollow":false},{"id":60338,"name":"Phonetics and Phonology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonetics_and_Phonology?f_ri=73860","nofollow":false},{"id":73860,"name":"Phonotactics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonotactics?f_ri=73860","nofollow":false},{"id":289780,"name":"Languages of Vanuatu","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Languages_of_Vanuatu?f_ri=73860","nofollow":false}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_5420255" data-work_id="5420255" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/5420255/ResMA_Thesis_Phonological_Root_Structure_Constraints_in_PIE">ResMA Thesis - Phonological Root Structure Constraints in PIE</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/5420255" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="494a41fddf0b8abde14458185b1a7bda" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":32550953,"asset_id":5420255,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/32550953/download_file?st=MTczMjQ1MjAzMyw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="1950699" href="https://leidenuniv.academia.edu/AlainCorbeau">Alain Corbeau</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="1950699" type="text/json">{"id":1950699,"first_name":"Alain","last_name":"Corbeau","domain_name":"leidenuniv","page_name":"AlainCorbeau","display_name":"Alain Corbeau","profile_url":"https://leidenuniv.academia.edu/AlainCorbeau?f_ri=73860","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/1950699/2741547/93283394/s65_alain.corbeau.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_5420255 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="5420255"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 5420255, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_5420255", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_5420255 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 5420255; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_5420255"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_5420255 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="5420255"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 5420255; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=5420255]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_5420255").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_5420255").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="5420255"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">6</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1239" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonology">Phonology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="1239" type="text/json">{"id":1239,"name":"Phonology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonology?f_ri=73860","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="32522" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Indo-European_Linguistics">Indo-European Linguistics</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="32522" type="text/json">{"id":32522,"name":"Indo-European Linguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Indo-European_Linguistics?f_ri=73860","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="33749" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Proto_Indo-European">Proto Indo-European</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="33749" type="text/json">{"id":33749,"name":"Proto Indo-European","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Proto_Indo-European?f_ri=73860","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="73860" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonotactics">Phonotactics</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="73860" type="text/json">{"id":73860,"name":"Phonotactics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonotactics?f_ri=73860","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=5420255]'), work: {"id":5420255,"title":"ResMA Thesis - Phonological Root Structure Constraints in PIE","created_at":"2013-12-13T21:33:58.637-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/5420255/ResMA_Thesis_Phonological_Root_Structure_Constraints_in_PIE?f_ri=73860","dom_id":"work_5420255","summary":null,"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":32550953,"asset_id":5420255,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":1950699,"first_name":"Alain","last_name":"Corbeau","domain_name":"leidenuniv","page_name":"AlainCorbeau","display_name":"Alain Corbeau","profile_url":"https://leidenuniv.academia.edu/AlainCorbeau?f_ri=73860","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/1950699/2741547/93283394/s65_alain.corbeau.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":1239,"name":"Phonology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonology?f_ri=73860","nofollow":false},{"id":32522,"name":"Indo-European Linguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Indo-European_Linguistics?f_ri=73860","nofollow":false},{"id":33749,"name":"Proto Indo-European","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Proto_Indo-European?f_ri=73860","nofollow":false},{"id":73860,"name":"Phonotactics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonotactics?f_ri=73860","nofollow":false},{"id":324308,"name":"Historical Phonology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Historical_Phonology?f_ri=73860"},{"id":953743,"name":"Phonotactic Constraints","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonotactic_Constraints?f_ri=73860"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_80521004" data-work_id="80521004" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/80521004/Do_subsyllabic_units_play_a_role_in_Mandarin_spoken_word_recognition_Evidence_from_phonotactic_processing">Do subsyllabic units play a role in Mandarin spoken word recognition? Evidence from phonotactic processing</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">This study investigates the roles of Mandarin subsyllabic units in spoken word recognition by examining the neural processing of two phonotactic anomalies: (1) segmental gaps, which contain a non-existing combination of segments (e.g.,... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_80521004" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">This study investigates the roles of Mandarin subsyllabic units in spoken word recognition by examining the neural processing of two phonotactic anomalies: (1) segmental gaps, which contain a non-existing combination of segments (e.g., *[ki1]); and (2) tonal gaps, which refer to a nonword comprised of possible segment combinations with an incongruous tone (e.g., *[tau2]; cf. [tau1] “knife”). Event-related potentials were recorded while participants performed an auditory lexical decision task. The response to segmental gaps differed from the other stimuli types in the amplitudes and scalp distributions of several components, including the P350, the N400, and the late positive complex. The P350 effect occurred around 370 ms before the entire syllable was revealed, indicating that lexical processing is not based solely on syllable representations. Furthermore, the overall differences between segmental and tonal gaps suggest that tones and vowels are dissociable. These results thus provide converging evidence for the view that Man- darin syllables are processed incrementally through phonemes.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/80521004" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="772c4a3111f0b028b39a1f27baa658ab" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":86875122,"asset_id":80521004,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/86875122/download_file?st=MTczMjQ1MjAzMyw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="118878" href="https://nthu.academia.edu/FengfanHsieh">Feng-fan Hsieh</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="118878" type="text/json">{"id":118878,"first_name":"Feng-fan","last_name":"Hsieh","domain_name":"nthu","page_name":"FengfanHsieh","display_name":"Feng-fan Hsieh","profile_url":"https://nthu.academia.edu/FengfanHsieh?f_ri=73860","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/118878/31938/139903229/s65_feng-fan.hsieh.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_80521004 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="80521004"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 80521004, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_80521004", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_80521004 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 80521004; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_80521004"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_80521004 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="80521004"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 80521004; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=80521004]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_80521004").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_80521004").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="80521004"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">11</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1239" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonology">Phonology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="1239" type="text/json">{"id":1239,"name":"Phonology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonology?f_ri=73860","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="10402" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/EEG">EEG</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="10402" type="text/json">{"id":10402,"name":"EEG","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/EEG?f_ri=73860","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="12596" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/ERP_Cognitive_Psychology_">ERP (Cognitive Psychology)</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="12596" type="text/json">{"id":12596,"name":"ERP (Cognitive Psychology)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/ERP_Cognitive_Psychology_?f_ri=73860","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="36835" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Speech_Processing">Speech Processing</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="36835" type="text/json">{"id":36835,"name":"Speech Processing","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Speech_Processing?f_ri=73860","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=80521004]'), work: {"id":80521004,"title":"Do subsyllabic units play a role in Mandarin spoken word recognition? Evidence from phonotactic processing","created_at":"2022-06-02T03:29:10.592-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/80521004/Do_subsyllabic_units_play_a_role_in_Mandarin_spoken_word_recognition_Evidence_from_phonotactic_processing?f_ri=73860","dom_id":"work_80521004","summary":"This study investigates the roles of Mandarin subsyllabic units in spoken word recognition by examining the neural processing of two phonotactic anomalies: (1) segmental gaps, which contain a non-existing combination of segments (e.g., *[ki1]); and (2) tonal gaps, which refer to a nonword comprised of possible segment combinations with an incongruous tone (e.g., *[tau2]; cf. [tau1] “knife”). Event-related potentials were recorded while participants performed an auditory lexical decision task. The response to segmental gaps differed from the other stimuli types in the amplitudes and scalp distributions of several components, including the P350, the N400, and the late positive complex. The P350 effect occurred around 370 ms before the entire syllable was revealed, indicating that lexical processing is not based solely on syllable representations. Furthermore, the overall differences between segmental and tonal gaps suggest that tones and vowels are dissociable. These results thus provide converging evidence for the view that Man- darin syllables are processed incrementally through phonemes.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":86875122,"asset_id":80521004,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":118878,"first_name":"Feng-fan","last_name":"Hsieh","domain_name":"nthu","page_name":"FengfanHsieh","display_name":"Feng-fan Hsieh","profile_url":"https://nthu.academia.edu/FengfanHsieh?f_ri=73860","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/118878/31938/139903229/s65_feng-fan.hsieh.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":1239,"name":"Phonology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonology?f_ri=73860","nofollow":false},{"id":10402,"name":"EEG","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/EEG?f_ri=73860","nofollow":false},{"id":12596,"name":"ERP (Cognitive Psychology)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/ERP_Cognitive_Psychology_?f_ri=73860","nofollow":false},{"id":36835,"name":"Speech Processing","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Speech_Processing?f_ri=73860","nofollow":false},{"id":52989,"name":"Spoken Word Recognition","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Spoken_Word_Recognition?f_ri=73860"},{"id":64691,"name":"Syllable","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Syllable?f_ri=73860"},{"id":73860,"name":"Phonotactics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonotactics?f_ri=73860"},{"id":90515,"name":"Word Recognition","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Word_Recognition?f_ri=73860"},{"id":200138,"name":"Mandarin Chinese","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mandarin_Chinese?f_ri=73860"},{"id":2165124,"name":"Phonology and Phonotactics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonology_and_Phonotactics?f_ri=73860"},{"id":4117672,"name":"Nonce words","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Nonce_words?f_ri=73860"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 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class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 7084940; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_7084940"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_7084940 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="7084940"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 7084940; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=7084940]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_7084940").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_7084940").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="7084940"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">5</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1239" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonology">Phonology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="1239" type="text/json">{"id":1239,"name":"Phonology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonology?f_ri=73860","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="15674" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Linguistics">Linguistics</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="15674" type="text/json">{"id":15674,"name":"Linguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Linguistics?f_ri=73860","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="73860" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonotactics">Phonotactics</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="73860" type="text/json">{"id":73860,"name":"Phonotactics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonotactics?f_ri=73860","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="123744" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Language_Studies">Language Studies</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="123744" type="text/json">{"id":123744,"name":"Language Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Language_Studies?f_ri=73860","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=7084940]'), work: {"id":7084940,"title":"Consonant Clusters and Resyllabification in Black South African English","created_at":"2014-05-18T17:24:29.924-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/7084940/Consonant_Clusters_and_Resyllabification_in_Black_South_African_English?f_ri=73860","dom_id":"work_7084940","summary":null,"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":60657958,"asset_id":7084940,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false},{"id":60657956,"asset_id":7084940,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false},{"id":60657957,"asset_id":7084940,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":12158912,"first_name":"Bertus","last_name":"van Rooy","domain_name":"nwu","page_name":"BertusvanRooy","display_name":"Bertus van Rooy","profile_url":"https://nwu.academia.edu/BertusvanRooy?f_ri=73860","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/12158912/12450508/13856597/s65_bertus.van_rooy.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":1239,"name":"Phonology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonology?f_ri=73860","nofollow":false},{"id":15674,"name":"Linguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Linguistics?f_ri=73860","nofollow":false},{"id":73860,"name":"Phonotactics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonotactics?f_ri=73860","nofollow":false},{"id":123744,"name":"Language Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Language_Studies?f_ri=73860","nofollow":false},{"id":383319,"name":"Consonant Clusters","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Consonant_Clusters?f_ri=73860"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_1265201" data-work_id="1265201" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/1265201/The_ruki_rule_in_Nuristani">The ruki-rule in Nuristani</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/1265201" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="2acab614a605923db889facb370c6e60" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":25212092,"asset_id":1265201,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/25212092/download_file?st=MTczMjQ1MjAzMyw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="1136035" href="https://pte.academia.edu/Ir%C3%A9nHeged%C5%B1s">Irén Hegedűs</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="1136035" 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});</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_1265201").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="1265201"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">4</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="73860" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonotactics">Phonotactics</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="73860" type="text/json">{"id":73860,"name":"Phonotactics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonotactics?f_ri=73860","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="303814" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Indo-Iranian">Indo-Iranian</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="303814" type="text/json">{"id":303814,"name":"Indo-Iranian","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Indo-Iranian?f_ri=73860","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="324308" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Historical_Phonology">Historical Phonology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="324308" type="text/json">{"id":324308,"name":"Historical Phonology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Historical_Phonology?f_ri=73860","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="365162" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Nuristani_languages">Nuristani languages</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="365162" type="text/json">{"id":365162,"name":"Nuristani languages","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Nuristani_languages?f_ri=73860","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=1265201]'), work: {"id":1265201,"title":"The ruki-rule in Nuristani","created_at":"2012-01-18T21:10:28.095-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/1265201/The_ruki_rule_in_Nuristani?f_ri=73860","dom_id":"work_1265201","summary":null,"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":25212092,"asset_id":1265201,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":1136035,"first_name":"Irén","last_name":"Hegedűs","domain_name":"pte","page_name":"IrénHegedűs","display_name":"Irén Hegedűs","profile_url":"https://pte.academia.edu/Ir%C3%A9nHeged%C5%B1s?f_ri=73860","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/1136035/707902/99142304/s65_ir_n.heged_s.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":73860,"name":"Phonotactics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonotactics?f_ri=73860","nofollow":false},{"id":303814,"name":"Indo-Iranian","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Indo-Iranian?f_ri=73860","nofollow":false},{"id":324308,"name":"Historical Phonology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Historical_Phonology?f_ri=73860","nofollow":false},{"id":365162,"name":"Nuristani languages","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Nuristani_languages?f_ri=73860","nofollow":false}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_3176734" data-work_id="3176734" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/3176734/Pharyngealization_and_the_three_dorsal_stop_series_of_Proto_Indo_European">Pharyngealization and the three dorsal stop series of Proto-Indo-European</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">To cover the various reflexes in the daughter languages, Proto-Indo-European is commonly assumed to have had three series of dorsal stops for which Kümmel's (2007: 319) notation *K : *Q : *Kʷ will be used. Phonotactic statistics suggest... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_3176734" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">To cover the various reflexes in the daughter languages, Proto-Indo-European is commonly assumed to have had three series of dorsal stops for which Kümmel's (2007: 319) notation *K : *Q : *Kʷ will be used. <br />Phonotactic statistics suggest that *Q and *Kʷ may not have occurred in the same contexts at some stage prior to reconstructed Proto-Indo-European, i.e. they were in complementary distribution, and might therefore be regarded as allophones of a single phoneme series.  In most of the daughter language families these variants were redistributed to give reflexes of two rather than three series of dorsal stops. <br />Prescott (2012) proposed pharyngealization both of Proto-Germanic *r, *w, *χ, *χʷ to account for lowering/retraction of preceding vowels in early Germanic dialects and also of *r, *u, *k, *i  in Baltic, Slavic and Indo-Iranian to account for retracted articulations of following reflexes of PIE *s (the RUKI Rule). <br />PIE *u̯, *s, at least, seem to condition the occurrence of *Q rather than *Kʷ, so it is proposed that they were already pharyngealized in the parent language and that this phonological feature, RTR, was the cause of the allophony, *Q thus being also pharyngealized and partly continued in the pharyngealized *χ of Germanic and the *k of the RUKI group.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/3176734" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="44c14e2a99805981f13cfb36b1e1973e" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":60933376,"asset_id":3176734,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/60933376/download_file?st=MTczMjQ1MjAzMyw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="1618676" href="https://sussex.academia.edu/CharlesPrescott">Charles Prescott</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="1618676" type="text/json">{"id":1618676,"first_name":"Charles","last_name":"Prescott","domain_name":"sussex","page_name":"CharlesPrescott","display_name":"Charles Prescott","profile_url":"https://sussex.academia.edu/CharlesPrescott?f_ri=73860","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/1618676/564609/703338/s65_charles.prescott.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_3176734 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="3176734"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 3176734, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_3176734", }); 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In most of the daughter language families these variants were redistributed to give reflexes of two rather than three series of dorsal stops.\r\nPrescott (2012) proposed pharyngealization both of Proto-Germanic *r, *w, *χ, *χʷ to account for lowering/retraction of preceding vowels in early Germanic dialects and also of *r, *u, *k, *i in Baltic, Slavic and Indo-Iranian to account for retracted articulations of following reflexes of PIE *s (the RUKI Rule).\r\nPIE *u̯, *s, at least, seem to condition the occurrence of *Q rather than *Kʷ, so it is proposed that they were already pharyngealized in the parent language and that this phonological feature, RTR, was the cause of the allophony, *Q thus being also pharyngealized and partly continued in the pharyngealized *χ of Germanic and the *k of the RUKI group.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":60933376,"asset_id":3176734,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":1618676,"first_name":"Charles","last_name":"Prescott","domain_name":"sussex","page_name":"CharlesPrescott","display_name":"Charles Prescott","profile_url":"https://sussex.academia.edu/CharlesPrescott?f_ri=73860","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/1618676/564609/703338/s65_charles.prescott.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":1207,"name":"Historical Linguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Historical_Linguistics?f_ri=73860","nofollow":false},{"id":1239,"name":"Phonology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonology?f_ri=73860","nofollow":false},{"id":6921,"name":"Sanskrit","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sanskrit?f_ri=73860","nofollow":false},{"id":18243,"name":"Latin","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Latin?f_ri=73860","nofollow":false},{"id":21469,"name":"Old High 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class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="27202978"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">5</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1239" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonology">Phonology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="1239" type="text/json">{"id":1239,"name":"Phonology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonology?f_ri=73860","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="43788" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Syllable_Theory">Syllable Theory</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="43788" type="text/json">{"id":43788,"name":"Syllable Theory","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Syllable_Theory?f_ri=73860","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="60338" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonetics_and_Phonology">Phonetics and Phonology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="60338" type="text/json">{"id":60338,"name":"Phonetics and Phonology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonetics_and_Phonology?f_ri=73860","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="73860" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonotactics">Phonotactics</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="73860" type="text/json">{"id":73860,"name":"Phonotactics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonotactics?f_ri=73860","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=27202978]'), work: {"id":27202978,"title":"Beats-and-Binding 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Phonology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonetics_and_Phonology?f_ri=73860","nofollow":false},{"id":73860,"name":"Phonotactics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonotactics?f_ri=73860","nofollow":false},{"id":597966,"name":"Beats-and-Bindings","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Beats-and-Bindings?f_ri=73860"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_15184287" data-work_id="15184287" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/15184287/2015_A_comparative_analysis_of_Eskayan_and_Boholano_Visayan_Cebuano_phonotactics_implications_for_the_origins_of_Eskayan_lexemes_Journal_of_the_Southeast_Asian_Linguistic_Society_8_iii_xiv">2015. "A comparative analysis of Eskayan and Boholano-Visayan (Cebuano) phonotactics: implications for the origins of Eskayan lexemes." Journal of the Southeast Asian Linguistic Society 8:iii-xiv.</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">When the Eskaya community first came to light on the island of Bohol in the southern Philippines, much speculation centred on the group’s origins but there was no detailed analysis of their unusual language and script. Eskaya people... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_15184287" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">When the Eskaya community first came to light on the island of Bohol in the southern Philippines, much speculation centred on the group’s origins but there was no detailed analysis of their unusual language and script. Eskaya people consider their language to have been the deliberate creation of a legendary ancestor, a narrative that is consistent with the fact that Eskayan appears to be a near total relexification of Boholano-Visayan, the dominant language of Bohol. This paper outlines the phonotactic differences between the two languages, revealing that Boholano-Visayan native roots are disyllabic and take the form C (G) V (G)/(C) while Eskayan roots range from one to five syllables with the form C (C)/(G) V (G)/C (C). This structural discrepancy is less stark when borrowed terms are taken into consideration. In effect, the legendary creator did not confabulate new terms from scratch but relied on the nativised structures of Spanish and English words as lexical models.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/15184287" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="c5092a7f7adf4db47fe11b28317b950c" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":38616296,"asset_id":15184287,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/38616296/download_file?st=MTczMjQ1MjAzMyw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="1171348" href="https://une-au.academia.edu/PiersKelly">Piers Kelly</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="1171348" type="text/json">{"id":1171348,"first_name":"Piers","last_name":"Kelly","domain_name":"une-au","page_name":"PiersKelly","display_name":"Piers Kelly","profile_url":"https://une-au.academia.edu/PiersKelly?f_ri=73860","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/1171348/481934/56569334/s65_piers.kelly.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_15184287 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="15184287"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 15184287, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_15184287", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=15184287]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_15184287").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_15184287").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="15184287"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">5</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="73860" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonotactics">Phonotactics</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="73860" type="text/json">{"id":73860,"name":"Phonotactics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonotactics?f_ri=73860","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="81194" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Artificial_Languages">Artificial Languages</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="81194" type="text/json">{"id":81194,"name":"Artificial Languages","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Artificial_Languages?f_ri=73860","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="144922" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Syllable_Structure">Syllable Structure</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="144922" type="text/json">{"id":144922,"name":"Syllable Structure","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Syllable_Structure?f_ri=73860","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="351131" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cebuano">Cebuano</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="351131" type="text/json">{"id":351131,"name":"Cebuano","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cebuano?f_ri=73860","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=15184287]'), work: {"id":15184287,"title":"2015. \"A comparative analysis of Eskayan and Boholano-Visayan (Cebuano) phonotactics: implications for the origins of Eskayan lexemes.\" Journal of the Southeast Asian Linguistic Society 8:iii-xiv.","created_at":"2015-08-25T23:22:20.444-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/15184287/2015_A_comparative_analysis_of_Eskayan_and_Boholano_Visayan_Cebuano_phonotactics_implications_for_the_origins_of_Eskayan_lexemes_Journal_of_the_Southeast_Asian_Linguistic_Society_8_iii_xiv?f_ri=73860","dom_id":"work_15184287","summary":"When the Eskaya community first came to light on the island of Bohol in the southern Philippines, much speculation centred on the group’s origins but there was no detailed analysis of their unusual language and script. Eskaya people consider their language to have been the deliberate creation of a legendary ancestor, a narrative that is consistent with the fact that Eskayan appears to be a near total relexification of Boholano-Visayan, the dominant language of Bohol. This paper outlines the phonotactic differences between the two languages, revealing that Boholano-Visayan native roots are disyllabic and take the form C (G) V (G)/(C) while Eskayan roots range from one to five syllables with the form C (C)/(G) V (G)/C (C). This structural discrepancy is less stark when borrowed terms are taken into consideration. In effect, the legendary creator did not confabulate new terms from scratch but relied on the nativised structures of Spanish and English words as lexical models.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":38616296,"asset_id":15184287,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":1171348,"first_name":"Piers","last_name":"Kelly","domain_name":"une-au","page_name":"PiersKelly","display_name":"Piers Kelly","profile_url":"https://une-au.academia.edu/PiersKelly?f_ri=73860","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/1171348/481934/56569334/s65_piers.kelly.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":73860,"name":"Phonotactics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonotactics?f_ri=73860","nofollow":false},{"id":81194,"name":"Artificial Languages","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Artificial_Languages?f_ri=73860","nofollow":false},{"id":144922,"name":"Syllable Structure","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Syllable_Structure?f_ri=73860","nofollow":false},{"id":351131,"name":"Cebuano","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cebuano?f_ri=73860","nofollow":false},{"id":1559687,"name":"Eskaya","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Eskaya?f_ri=73860"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_34854882" data-work_id="34854882" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/34854882/The_Phonotactic_Adaptation_of_English_Loanwords_in_Arabic">The Phonotactic Adaptation of English Loanwords in Arabic</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">The phonological modifications made to English loanwords in Modern Standard Arabic (MSA) have come as a response to cope with the phonetic and phonological constraints in MSA sound system. These adaptations of loanword pronunciation... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_34854882" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">The phonological modifications made to English loanwords in Modern Standard Arabic (MSA) have come as a response to cope with the phonetic and phonological constraints in MSA sound system. These adaptations of loanword pronunciation clearly reflect the areas and effects of phonetic and phonological interference between the two languages in contact. For this purpose, over than 300 of English words borrowed by MSA are analyzed. At the syllabic and prosodic level, mechanisms like cluster simplification, syllabic consonant conversion, gemination, etc. are found at work and by far systematic in MSA borrowings. Generally, it has been found that most of the regular adaptations at syllable level such as declusterization, syllabic consonant conversion, consonant lengthening and vocalic glide insertion, are motivated by linguistic constraints inherited in the phonological system of MSA rather than by extra-linguistic motivations.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/34854882" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="8bbd4c9785d50e5b6345fc1af502632b" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":54713613,"asset_id":34854882,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/54713613/download_file?st=MTczMjQ1MjAzMyw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="24124734" href="https://independent.academia.edu/ArabWorldEnglishJournalAWEJ">Arab World English Journal (AWEJ)</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="24124734" type="text/json">{"id":24124734,"first_name":"Arab World English Journal","last_name":"(AWEJ)","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"ArabWorldEnglishJournalAWEJ","display_name":"Arab World English Journal (AWEJ)","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/ArabWorldEnglishJournalAWEJ?f_ri=73860","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/24124734/7201396/8209446/s65_arab_world_english_journal.awej.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_34854882 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="34854882"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 34854882, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_34854882", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=34854882]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_34854882").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_34854882").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="34854882"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">6</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="5677" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Adaptation">Adaptation</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="5677" type="text/json">{"id":5677,"name":"Adaptation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Adaptation?f_ri=73860","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="73860" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonotactics">Phonotactics</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="73860" type="text/json">{"id":73860,"name":"Phonotactics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonotactics?f_ri=73860","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="117873" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Vowels">Vowels</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="117873" type="text/json">{"id":117873,"name":"Vowels","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Vowels?f_ri=73860","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="119491" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/MSA">MSA</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="119491" type="text/json">{"id":119491,"name":"MSA","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/MSA?f_ri=73860","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=34854882]'), work: {"id":34854882,"title":"The Phonotactic Adaptation of English Loanwords in Arabic","created_at":"2017-10-13T21:20:16.039-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/34854882/The_Phonotactic_Adaptation_of_English_Loanwords_in_Arabic?f_ri=73860","dom_id":"work_34854882","summary":"The phonological modifications made to English loanwords in Modern Standard Arabic (MSA) have come as a response to cope with the phonetic and phonological constraints in MSA sound system. These adaptations of loanword pronunciation clearly reflect the areas and effects of phonetic and phonological interference between the two languages in contact. For this purpose, over than 300 of English words borrowed by MSA are analyzed. At the syllabic and prosodic level, mechanisms like cluster simplification, syllabic consonant conversion, gemination, etc. are found at work and by far systematic in MSA borrowings. Generally, it has been found that most of the regular adaptations at syllable level such as declusterization, syllabic consonant conversion, consonant lengthening and vocalic glide insertion, are motivated by linguistic constraints inherited in the phonological system of MSA rather than by extra-linguistic motivations.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":54713613,"asset_id":34854882,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":24124734,"first_name":"Arab World English Journal","last_name":"(AWEJ)","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"ArabWorldEnglishJournalAWEJ","display_name":"Arab World English Journal (AWEJ)","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/ArabWorldEnglishJournalAWEJ?f_ri=73860","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/24124734/7201396/8209446/s65_arab_world_english_journal.awej.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":5677,"name":"Adaptation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Adaptation?f_ri=73860","nofollow":false},{"id":73860,"name":"Phonotactics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonotactics?f_ri=73860","nofollow":false},{"id":117873,"name":"Vowels","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Vowels?f_ri=73860","nofollow":false},{"id":119491,"name":"MSA","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/MSA?f_ri=73860","nofollow":false},{"id":995397,"name":"English Loanwords","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/English_Loanwords?f_ri=73860"},{"id":1027719,"name":"Consonants","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Consonants?f_ri=73860"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_11461062" data-work_id="11461062" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/11461062/Strength_based_faithfulness_and_the_sibilant_s_in_Italian">Strength-based faithfulness and the sibilant /s/ in Italian</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Notwithstanding the primacy of the CV syllable, a number of languages allow for more complex types of syllables. In particular, word-initial consonant clusters are particularly challenging for any phonological theory. In this paper it is... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_11461062" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Notwithstanding the primacy of the CV syllable, a number of languages allow for more complex types of syllables. In particular, word-initial consonant clusters are particularly challenging for any phonological theory. In this paper it is argued that obstruent clusters may be the result of casual speech processes where the most salient/frequent phonemes and features occurring in most pronunciation variants of a word are preserved. As a result, sibilants, being acoustically salient, tend to occur more often than other obstruents as the first member of word-initial obstruent clusters. A framework couched in Optimality Theory is presented, where a subfamily of faithfulness constraints refer to strength values stored in the underlying representation. The more salient and/or frequent a phoneme/feature is, the higher the strength<br />value assigned to it. Finally, a number of languages are compared, arguing that their phonotactic differences may be due to the different ranking of markedness constraints and MAX-STRENGTHVALUE constraints.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/11461062" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="53c7854fef07e7c47866754cb444171a" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":36994140,"asset_id":11461062,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/36994140/download_file?st=MTczMjQ1MjAzMyw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="355487" href="https://unipd.academia.edu/AntonioBaroni">Antonio Baroni</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="355487" type="text/json">{"id":355487,"first_name":"Antonio","last_name":"Baroni","domain_name":"unipd","page_name":"AntonioBaroni","display_name":"Antonio Baroni","profile_url":"https://unipd.academia.edu/AntonioBaroni?f_ri=73860","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/355487/291413/344765/s65_antonio.baroni.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_11461062 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="11461062"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 11461062, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_11461062", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_11461062 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 11461062; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_11461062"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_11461062 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="11461062"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 11461062; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=11461062]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_11461062").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_11461062").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="11461062"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">9</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1239" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonology">Phonology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="1239" type="text/json">{"id":1239,"name":"Phonology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonology?f_ri=73860","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="8367" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Complexity">Complexity</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="8367" type="text/json">{"id":8367,"name":"Complexity","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Complexity?f_ri=73860","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="60338" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonetics_and_Phonology">Phonetics and Phonology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="60338" type="text/json">{"id":60338,"name":"Phonetics and Phonology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonetics_and_Phonology?f_ri=73860","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="73860" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonotactics">Phonotactics</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="73860" type="text/json">{"id":73860,"name":"Phonotactics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonotactics?f_ri=73860","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=11461062]'), work: {"id":11461062,"title":"Strength-based faithfulness and the sibilant /s/ in Italian","created_at":"2015-03-16T07:38:54.039-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/11461062/Strength_based_faithfulness_and_the_sibilant_s_in_Italian?f_ri=73860","dom_id":"work_11461062","summary":"Notwithstanding the primacy of the CV syllable, a number of languages allow for more complex types of syllables. In particular, word-initial consonant clusters are particularly challenging for any phonological theory. In this paper it is argued that obstruent clusters may be the result of casual speech processes where the most salient/frequent phonemes and features occurring in most pronunciation variants of a word are preserved. As a result, sibilants, being acoustically salient, tend to occur more often than other obstruents as the first member of word-initial obstruent clusters. A framework couched in Optimality Theory is presented, where a subfamily of faithfulness constraints refer to strength values stored in the underlying representation. The more salient and/or frequent a phoneme/feature is, the higher the strength\nvalue assigned to it. Finally, a number of languages are compared, arguing that their phonotactic differences may be due to the different ranking of markedness constraints and MAX-STRENGTHVALUE constraints.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":36994140,"asset_id":11461062,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":355487,"first_name":"Antonio","last_name":"Baroni","domain_name":"unipd","page_name":"AntonioBaroni","display_name":"Antonio Baroni","profile_url":"https://unipd.academia.edu/AntonioBaroni?f_ri=73860","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/355487/291413/344765/s65_antonio.baroni.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":1239,"name":"Phonology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonology?f_ri=73860","nofollow":false},{"id":8367,"name":"Complexity","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Complexity?f_ri=73860","nofollow":false},{"id":60338,"name":"Phonetics and Phonology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonetics_and_Phonology?f_ri=73860","nofollow":false},{"id":73860,"name":"Phonotactics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonotactics?f_ri=73860","nofollow":false},{"id":697426,"name":"Phonology, Phonotactics, Constraints","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonology_Phonotactics_Constraints?f_ri=73860"},{"id":714835,"name":"Casual Speech","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Casual_Speech?f_ri=73860"},{"id":872098,"name":"Italian Phonology and Phonetics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Italian_Phonology_and_Phonetics?f_ri=73860"},{"id":1106621,"name":"Plateau Clusters","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Plateau_Clusters?f_ri=73860"},{"id":1195472,"name":"Obstruent Clusters","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Obstruent_Clusters?f_ri=73860"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_27941790 coauthored" data-work_id="27941790" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/27941790/Komplexit%C3%A4t_und_Indexikalit%C3%A4t_Zum_funktionalen_Gehalt_phonotaktischer_Wortstrukturen_im_Deutschen">Komplexität und Indexikalität - Zum funktionalen Gehalt phonotaktischer Wortstrukturen im Deutschen</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Wir nehmen dies zum Anlass, um den funktionalen Gehalt phonotaktischer Muster im Folgenden genauer zu betrachten. Die vorliegende Studie möchte somit einen Beitrag zur Erforschung phonologischer Komplexität liefern. Als Maß für die... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_27941790" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Wir nehmen dies zum Anlass, um den funktionalen Gehalt phonotaktischer Muster im Folgenden genauer zu betrachten. Die vorliegende Studie möchte somit einen Beitrag zur Erforschung phonologischer Komplexität liefern. Als Maß für die Komplexität phonologischer Strukturen setzen wir den Grad an formaler und funktionaler Vielfalt auf der Ebene der Phonotaktik an. Die Komplexität einer Wortform – im Folgenden werden ausschließlich einsilbige Wörter behandelt – wird auf der Formebene über die Anzahl der zugrundeliegenden Segmente (in C für konsonantisch und V für vokalisch) und auf der Funktionsebene über den überzufällig häufigen oder seltenen Gebrauch eines bestimmten phonotaktischen Musters im Hinblick auf eine spezifische Wortklasse oder Wortart berechnet.  Wir bringen damit zunächst ein einfaches Komplexitätskonzept zur Anwendung. Anhand eines umfangreichen Korpus sprechsprachlicher Daten werden wir darauf aufbauend zeigen, dass phonotaktische Muster im Deutschen nicht nur dazu dienen, den Sprachfluss zu strukturieren und Wortgrenzen zu markieren, sondern diese zudem einen indexikalischen Wert für das Vorliegen grammatischer Einheiten haben können. Diese empirisch belegte Indexikalität, die über die Distinktivität der Chomskyschen Features hinausreicht, verdeutlicht aus einer eher theoriegeleiteten Warte, dass ein rein summierendes Komplexitätskonzept für die phonotaktische Analyse nicht ausreicht. Indem wir den Befund in die aktuelle Komplexitätsdebatte einordnen, plädieren wir in einer abschließenden Diskussion für die Berücksichtigung solcher Komplexitätskonzepte, die grundsätzlich auch die kognitive Erschließung sprachlicher, hier phonotaktischer Einheiten berücksichtigen können.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/27941790" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="795ee2ba0d6a1dd8c37f9e11aec9320b" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":48234753,"asset_id":27941790,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/48234753/download_file?st=MTczMjQ1MjAzMyw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="435071" href="https://uni-passau.academia.edu/AlexanderWerth">Alexander Werth</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="435071" type="text/json">{"id":435071,"first_name":"Alexander","last_name":"Werth","domain_name":"uni-passau","page_name":"AlexanderWerth","display_name":"Alexander Werth","profile_url":"https://uni-passau.academia.edu/AlexanderWerth?f_ri=73860","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/435071/132642/41482232/s65_alexander.werth.jpg"}</script></span></span><span class="u-displayInlineBlock InlineList-item-text"> and <span class="u-textDecorationUnderline u-clickable InlineList-item-text js-work-more-authors-27941790">+1</span><div class="hidden js-additional-users-27941790"><div><span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a href="https://setmarburg.academia.edu/AlfredLameli">Alfred Lameli</a></span></div></div></span><script>(function(){ var popoverSettings = { el: $('.js-work-more-authors-27941790'), placement: 'bottom', hide_delay: 200, html: true, content: function(){ return $('.js-additional-users-27941790').html(); } } new HoverPopover(popoverSettings); })();</script></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_27941790 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="27941790"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 27941790, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_27941790", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_27941790 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 27941790; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_27941790"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_27941790 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="27941790"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 27941790; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=27941790]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_27941790").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_27941790").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="27941790"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">5</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1239" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonology">Phonology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="1239" type="text/json">{"id":1239,"name":"Phonology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonology?f_ri=73860","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2167" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Dialectology">Dialectology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="2167" type="text/json">{"id":2167,"name":"Dialectology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Dialectology?f_ri=73860","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="51954" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Indexicality">Indexicality</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="51954" type="text/json">{"id":51954,"name":"Indexicality","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Indexicality?f_ri=73860","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="73860" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonotactics">Phonotactics</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="73860" type="text/json">{"id":73860,"name":"Phonotactics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonotactics?f_ri=73860","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=27941790]'), work: {"id":27941790,"title":"Komplexität und Indexikalität - Zum funktionalen Gehalt phonotaktischer Wortstrukturen im Deutschen","created_at":"2016-08-22T08:18:42.427-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/27941790/Komplexit%C3%A4t_und_Indexikalit%C3%A4t_Zum_funktionalen_Gehalt_phonotaktischer_Wortstrukturen_im_Deutschen?f_ri=73860","dom_id":"work_27941790","summary":"Wir nehmen dies zum Anlass, um den funktionalen Gehalt phonotaktischer Muster im Folgenden genauer zu betrachten. Die vorliegende Studie möchte somit einen Beitrag zur Erforschung phonologischer Komplexität liefern. Als Maß für die Komplexität phonologischer Strukturen setzen wir den Grad an formaler und funktionaler Vielfalt auf der Ebene der Phonotaktik an. Die Komplexität einer Wortform – im Folgenden werden ausschließlich einsilbige Wörter behandelt – wird auf der Formebene über die Anzahl der zugrundeliegenden Segmente (in C für konsonantisch und V für vokalisch) und auf der Funktionsebene über den überzufällig häufigen oder seltenen Gebrauch eines bestimmten phonotaktischen Musters im Hinblick auf eine spezifische Wortklasse oder Wortart berechnet. Wir bringen damit zunächst ein einfaches Komplexitätskonzept zur Anwendung. Anhand eines umfangreichen Korpus sprechsprachlicher Daten werden wir darauf aufbauend zeigen, dass phonotaktische Muster im Deutschen nicht nur dazu dienen, den Sprachfluss zu strukturieren und Wortgrenzen zu markieren, sondern diese zudem einen indexikalischen Wert für das Vorliegen grammatischer Einheiten haben können. Diese empirisch belegte Indexikalität, die über die Distinktivität der Chomskyschen Features hinausreicht, verdeutlicht aus einer eher theoriegeleiteten Warte, dass ein rein summierendes Komplexitätskonzept für die phonotaktische Analyse nicht ausreicht. Indem wir den Befund in die aktuelle Komplexitätsdebatte einordnen, plädieren wir in einer abschließenden Diskussion für die Berücksichtigung solcher Komplexitätskonzepte, die grundsätzlich auch die kognitive Erschließung sprachlicher, hier phonotaktischer Einheiten berücksichtigen können. ","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":48234753,"asset_id":27941790,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":435071,"first_name":"Alexander","last_name":"Werth","domain_name":"uni-passau","page_name":"AlexanderWerth","display_name":"Alexander Werth","profile_url":"https://uni-passau.academia.edu/AlexanderWerth?f_ri=73860","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/435071/132642/41482232/s65_alexander.werth.jpg"},{"id":37692599,"first_name":"Alfred","last_name":"Lameli","domain_name":"setmarburg","page_name":"AlfredLameli","display_name":"Alfred Lameli","profile_url":"https://setmarburg.academia.edu/AlfredLameli?f_ri=73860","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/37692599/17795852/44288865/s65_alfred.lameli.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":1239,"name":"Phonology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonology?f_ri=73860","nofollow":false},{"id":2167,"name":"Dialectology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Dialectology?f_ri=73860","nofollow":false},{"id":51954,"name":"Indexicality","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Indexicality?f_ri=73860","nofollow":false},{"id":73860,"name":"Phonotactics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonotactics?f_ri=73860","nofollow":false},{"id":241115,"name":"Word Classes","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Word_Classes?f_ri=73860"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_4831991" data-work_id="4831991" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/4831991/Typological_Study_of_Medial_Consonant_Clusters_in_5_Philippine_Languages">Typological Study of Medial Consonant Clusters in 5 Philippine Languages</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">The medial consonant cluster /ɁC/ where the glottal stop /Ɂ/ is the first member and C (consonant) is the second member, although are not manifested in Tagalog, are evident in a number of Philippine languages. In a diachronic study of... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_4831991" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">The medial consonant cluster /ɁC/ where the glottal stop /Ɂ/ is the first member and C (consonant) is the second member, although are not manifested in Tagalog, are evident in a number of Philippine languages. In a diachronic study of Hernandez (1991) results showed that 12 out of 29 languages have retained this phonotactic feature. As a continuation of the study, this paper presented a typological analysis on the phonotactic pattern in five other Philippine languages which were not included in the previous study, namely Kinaray-a, Hiligaynon, Cuyunon, Pangasinense and T’boli. A typological comparative method was used to determine which of the five languages exhibit the /ɁC/ medial consonant cluster using the 500-word list elicitation and short interviews. Results showed that Kinaray-a, Hiligaynon and Cuyunon exhibit this phonotactic feature. Kinaray-a and Hiligaynon words exhibiting the /ɁC/ pattern are manifested in a reduplicated monosyllable construction, but is not always the case in other words with such structure. Cuyunon also have native words with the /ɁC/ pattern, but the glottal stop, as first member of the cluster also seem to function as a replacive sound when some words are rapidly articulated. Based on the data collected there are no /ɁC/ medial consonant clusters in T’boli and also in Pangasinense, although in some Ilocano varieties this phonotactic pattern can be seen. Finally, Reduplicated monosyllables in Cuyunon, Pangasinense and T’boli, compared to those in Kinaray-a and Hiligaynon, do not exhibit the /ɁC/ medial consonant cluster.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/4831991" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="1a39c3c22db5db3aedb8f3cebd09d6dc" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":34268017,"asset_id":4831991,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/34268017/download_file?st=MTczMjQ1MjAzNCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="4477119" href="https://up-diliman.academia.edu/JeziaTalavera">Jezia Talavera</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="4477119" type="text/json">{"id":4477119,"first_name":"Jezia","last_name":"Talavera","domain_name":"up-diliman","page_name":"JeziaTalavera","display_name":"Jezia Talavera","profile_url":"https://up-diliman.academia.edu/JeziaTalavera?f_ri=73860","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/4477119/1836696/16928821/s65_jezia.talavera.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_4831991 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="4831991"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 4831991, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_4831991", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_4831991 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 4831991; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_4831991"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_4831991 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="4831991"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 4831991; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=4831991]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_4831991").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_4831991").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="4831991"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">4</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2742" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Typology">Typology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="2742" type="text/json">{"id":2742,"name":"Typology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Typology?f_ri=73860","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="60338" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonetics_and_Phonology">Phonetics and Phonology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="60338" type="text/json">{"id":60338,"name":"Phonetics and Phonology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonetics_and_Phonology?f_ri=73860","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="73860" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonotactics">Phonotactics</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="73860" type="text/json">{"id":73860,"name":"Phonotactics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonotactics?f_ri=73860","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="155904" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Philippine_languages_and_linguistics">Philippine languages and linguistics</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="155904" type="text/json">{"id":155904,"name":"Philippine languages and linguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Philippine_languages_and_linguistics?f_ri=73860","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=4831991]'), work: {"id":4831991,"title":"Typological Study of Medial Consonant Clusters in 5 Philippine Languages","created_at":"2013-10-20T11:28:39.634-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/4831991/Typological_Study_of_Medial_Consonant_Clusters_in_5_Philippine_Languages?f_ri=73860","dom_id":"work_4831991","summary":"The medial consonant cluster /ɁC/ where the glottal stop /Ɂ/ is the first member and C (consonant) is the second member, although are not manifested in Tagalog, are evident in a number of Philippine languages. In a diachronic study of Hernandez (1991) results showed that 12 out of 29 languages have retained this phonotactic feature. As a continuation of the study, this paper presented a typological analysis on the phonotactic pattern in five other Philippine languages which were not included in the previous study, namely Kinaray-a, Hiligaynon, Cuyunon, Pangasinense and T’boli. A typological comparative method was used to determine which of the five languages exhibit the /ɁC/ medial consonant cluster using the 500-word list elicitation and short interviews. Results showed that Kinaray-a, Hiligaynon and Cuyunon exhibit this phonotactic feature. Kinaray-a and Hiligaynon words exhibiting the /ɁC/ pattern are manifested in a reduplicated monosyllable construction, but is not always the case in other words with such structure. Cuyunon also have native words with the /ɁC/ pattern, but the glottal stop, as first member of the cluster also seem to function as a replacive sound when some words are rapidly articulated. Based on the data collected there are no /ɁC/ medial consonant clusters in T’boli and also in Pangasinense, although in some Ilocano varieties this phonotactic pattern can be seen. Finally, Reduplicated monosyllables in Cuyunon, Pangasinense and T’boli, compared to those in Kinaray-a and Hiligaynon, do not exhibit the /ɁC/ medial consonant cluster.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":34268017,"asset_id":4831991,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":4477119,"first_name":"Jezia","last_name":"Talavera","domain_name":"up-diliman","page_name":"JeziaTalavera","display_name":"Jezia Talavera","profile_url":"https://up-diliman.academia.edu/JeziaTalavera?f_ri=73860","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/4477119/1836696/16928821/s65_jezia.talavera.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":2742,"name":"Typology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Typology?f_ri=73860","nofollow":false},{"id":60338,"name":"Phonetics and Phonology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonetics_and_Phonology?f_ri=73860","nofollow":false},{"id":73860,"name":"Phonotactics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonotactics?f_ri=73860","nofollow":false},{"id":155904,"name":"Philippine languages and linguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Philippine_languages_and_linguistics?f_ri=73860","nofollow":false}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_676490" data-work_id="676490" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/676490/Segmentation_de_la_parole_en_mots_et_r%C3%A9gularit%C3%A9s_phonotactiques_Effets_phonologiques_probabilistes_ou_lexicaux">Segmentation de la parole en mots et régularités phonotactiques: Effets phonologiques, probabilistes ou lexicaux?</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Selon des travaux récents, les locuteurs seraient capables de recourir à des connaissances sur les régularités phonotactiques ou syllabiques de leur langue pour segmenter le signal de parole en mots. Une analyse distributionnelle de la... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_676490" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Selon des travaux récents, les locuteurs seraient capables de recourir à des connaissances sur les régularités phonotactiques ou syllabiques de leur langue pour segmenter le signal de parole en mots. Une analyse distributionnelle de la fréquence des groupes de consonnes dans un lexique informatisé de la langue française révèle cependant l'existence d'un lien étroit entre la structure phonologique des groupes de consonnes et leur probabilité d'occurrence dans la langue. Les séquences de phonèmes tautosyllabiques ou légales sont en moyenne beaucoup plus fréquentes que les séquences hétérosyllabiques ou illégales. Trois modèles des processus de segmentation lexicale sont présentés qui pourraient rendre compte des effets observés sans recourir à des processus de segmentation fondés sur les régularités phonologiques de la langue. Les expériences conduites ont pour objectif de dissocier ces diverses interprétations d'un modèle de segmentation fondé sur les régularités phonologiques. Les résultats obtenus confirment en partie l'influence des contraintes phonologiques sur les processus de segmentation de la parole en mots. Ils incitent cependant à développer une réflexion sur le niveau d'implémentation de ces connaissances (prélexical vs. post-lexical) et sur leur mode d'intégration dans un modèle du traitement de la parole. Un modèle est proposé dans lequel ces procédures de segmentation constitueraient des routines générales d'organisation perceptive qui ne seraient pas spécifiques des processus de traitement du langage parlé et n'influenceraient pas directement les niveaux de représentation lexicaux. Ces deux catégories de traitements seraient indépendantes et intégrées au cours d'une étape ultérieure</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/676490" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="98be20a57539f5af3b209da9f11f9a89" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":6334374,"asset_id":676490,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/6334374/download_file?st=MTczMjQ1MjAzNCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="496242" href="https://univ-nantes.academia.edu/OlivierCrouzet">Olivier Crouzet</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="496242" type="text/json">{"id":496242,"first_name":"Olivier","last_name":"Crouzet","domain_name":"univ-nantes","page_name":"OlivierCrouzet","display_name":"Olivier Crouzet","profile_url":"https://univ-nantes.academia.edu/OlivierCrouzet?f_ri=73860","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/496242/170257/198419/s65_olivier.crouzet.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_676490 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="676490"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 676490, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_676490", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=676490]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_676490").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_676490").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="676490"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">7</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1239" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonology">Phonology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="1239" type="text/json">{"id":1239,"name":"Phonology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonology?f_ri=73860","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="5391" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Speech_perception">Speech perception</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="5391" type="text/json">{"id":5391,"name":"Speech perception","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Speech_perception?f_ri=73860","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="38244" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/French">French</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="38244" type="text/json">{"id":38244,"name":"French","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/French?f_ri=73860","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="64691" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Syllable">Syllable</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="64691" type="text/json">{"id":64691,"name":"Syllable","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Syllable?f_ri=73860","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=676490]'), work: {"id":676490,"title":"Segmentation de la parole en mots et régularités phonotactiques: Effets phonologiques, probabilistes ou lexicaux?","created_at":"2011-06-16T22:27:57.279-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/676490/Segmentation_de_la_parole_en_mots_et_r%C3%A9gularit%C3%A9s_phonotactiques_Effets_phonologiques_probabilistes_ou_lexicaux?f_ri=73860","dom_id":"work_676490","summary":"Selon des travaux récents, les locuteurs seraient capables de recourir à des connaissances sur les régularités phonotactiques ou syllabiques de leur langue pour segmenter le signal de parole en mots. Une analyse distributionnelle de la fréquence des groupes de consonnes dans un lexique informatisé de la langue française révèle cependant l'existence d'un lien étroit entre la structure phonologique des groupes de consonnes et leur probabilité d'occurrence dans la langue. Les séquences de phonèmes tautosyllabiques ou légales sont en moyenne beaucoup plus fréquentes que les séquences hétérosyllabiques ou illégales. Trois modèles des processus de segmentation lexicale sont présentés qui pourraient rendre compte des effets observés sans recourir à des processus de segmentation fondés sur les régularités phonologiques de la langue. Les expériences conduites ont pour objectif de dissocier ces diverses interprétations d'un modèle de segmentation fondé sur les régularités phonologiques. Les résultats obtenus confirment en partie l'influence des contraintes phonologiques sur les processus de segmentation de la parole en mots. Ils incitent cependant à développer une réflexion sur le niveau d'implémentation de ces connaissances (prélexical vs. post-lexical) et sur leur mode d'intégration dans un modèle du traitement de la parole. Un modèle est proposé dans lequel ces procédures de segmentation constitueraient des routines générales d'organisation perceptive qui ne seraient pas spécifiques des processus de traitement du langage parlé et n'influenceraient pas directement les niveaux de représentation lexicaux. Ces deux catégories de traitements seraient indépendantes et intégrées au cours d'une étape ultérieure","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":6334374,"asset_id":676490,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":496242,"first_name":"Olivier","last_name":"Crouzet","domain_name":"univ-nantes","page_name":"OlivierCrouzet","display_name":"Olivier Crouzet","profile_url":"https://univ-nantes.academia.edu/OlivierCrouzet?f_ri=73860","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/496242/170257/198419/s65_olivier.crouzet.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":1239,"name":"Phonology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonology?f_ri=73860","nofollow":false},{"id":5391,"name":"Speech perception","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Speech_perception?f_ri=73860","nofollow":false},{"id":38244,"name":"French","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/French?f_ri=73860","nofollow":false},{"id":64691,"name":"Syllable","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Syllable?f_ri=73860","nofollow":false},{"id":73860,"name":"Phonotactics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonotactics?f_ri=73860"},{"id":73861,"name":"Speech Segmentation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Speech_Segmentation?f_ri=73860"},{"id":953743,"name":"Phonotactic Constraints","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonotactic_Constraints?f_ri=73860"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_32179833" data-work_id="32179833" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/32179833/Phonotactics_of_Proto_Uralic_stops_in_the_light_of_Nostratic">Phonotactics of Proto-Uralic stops in the light of Nostratic</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">In two earlier publications of mine (Hegedűs 2008, 2009) I already discussed the peculiarties of the phonotactic distribution of stop consonants in Proto-Uralic. I briefly commented on the re-protolinguistic background of Proto-Uralic... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_32179833" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">In two earlier publications of mine (Hegedűs 2008, 2009) I already discussed the peculiarties of the phonotactic distribution of stop consonants in Proto-Uralic. I briefly commented on the re-protolinguistic background of Proto-Uralic homonyms in Hegedűs 2008, and then I looked at the possible pre-protolinguistic reasons behind the relatively high loadedness of Proto-Uralic stops in Hegedűs 2009. Since the latter study was published in Hungarian only and the topics of these two earlier publications of mine are interrelated, here I intend to revisit these issues. The tables are different from those used in my earlier published studies. My methodology, however, has not changed: I approach these questions from the viewpoint of the Nostratic hypothesis.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/32179833" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="cdf48170bd8016ed752b2684436ae596" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":52414381,"asset_id":32179833,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/52414381/download_file?st=MTczMjQ1MjAzNCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="1136035" href="https://pte.academia.edu/Ir%C3%A9nHeged%C5%B1s">Irén Hegedűs</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="1136035" type="text/json">{"id":1136035,"first_name":"Irén","last_name":"Hegedűs","domain_name":"pte","page_name":"IrénHegedűs","display_name":"Irén Hegedűs","profile_url":"https://pte.academia.edu/Ir%C3%A9nHeged%C5%B1s?f_ri=73860","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/1136035/707902/99142304/s65_ir_n.heged_s.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_32179833 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="32179833"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 32179833, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_32179833", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=32179833]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_32179833").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_32179833").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="32179833"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">3</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="73860" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonotactics">Phonotactics</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="73860" type="text/json">{"id":73860,"name":"Phonotactics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonotactics?f_ri=73860","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="130980" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Nostratic">Nostratic</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="130980" type="text/json">{"id":130980,"name":"Nostratic","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Nostratic?f_ri=73860","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="552026" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Proto-Uralic">Proto-Uralic</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="552026" type="text/json">{"id":552026,"name":"Proto-Uralic","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Proto-Uralic?f_ri=73860","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=32179833]'), work: {"id":32179833,"title":"Phonotactics of Proto-Uralic stops in the light of Nostratic","created_at":"2017-04-01T01:18:31.047-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/32179833/Phonotactics_of_Proto_Uralic_stops_in_the_light_of_Nostratic?f_ri=73860","dom_id":"work_32179833","summary":"In two earlier publications of mine (Hegedűs 2008, 2009) I already discussed the peculiarties of the phonotactic distribution of stop consonants in Proto-Uralic. I briefly commented on the re-protolinguistic background of Proto-Uralic homonyms in Hegedűs 2008, and then I looked at the possible pre-protolinguistic reasons behind the relatively high loadedness of Proto-Uralic stops in Hegedűs 2009. Since the latter study was published in Hungarian only and the topics of these two earlier publications of mine are interrelated, here I intend to revisit these issues. The tables are different from those used in my earlier published studies. My methodology, however, has not changed: I approach these questions from the viewpoint of the Nostratic hypothesis.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":52414381,"asset_id":32179833,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":1136035,"first_name":"Irén","last_name":"Hegedűs","domain_name":"pte","page_name":"IrénHegedűs","display_name":"Irén Hegedűs","profile_url":"https://pte.academia.edu/Ir%C3%A9nHeged%C5%B1s?f_ri=73860","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/1136035/707902/99142304/s65_ir_n.heged_s.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":73860,"name":"Phonotactics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonotactics?f_ri=73860","nofollow":false},{"id":130980,"name":"Nostratic","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Nostratic?f_ri=73860","nofollow":false},{"id":552026,"name":"Proto-Uralic","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Proto-Uralic?f_ri=73860","nofollow":false}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_1081450" data-work_id="1081450" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/1081450/Italian_article_allomorphy_and_the_treatment_of_initial_glides">Italian article allomorphy and the treatment of initial glides</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/1081450" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="1bedbcc1b2dc34ffc671605c26bf66bf" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":6670125,"asset_id":1081450,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/6670125/download_file?st=MTczMjQ1MjAzNCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="355487" href="https://unipd.academia.edu/AntonioBaroni">Antonio Baroni</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="355487" type="text/json">{"id":355487,"first_name":"Antonio","last_name":"Baroni","domain_name":"unipd","page_name":"AntonioBaroni","display_name":"Antonio Baroni","profile_url":"https://unipd.academia.edu/AntonioBaroni?f_ri=73860","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/355487/291413/344765/s65_antonio.baroni.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_1081450 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="1081450"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 1081450, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_1081450", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_1081450 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x 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$(".js-view-count-work_1081450").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_1081450").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="1081450"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">20</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1239" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonology">Phonology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="1239" type="text/json">{"id":1239,"name":"Phonology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonology?f_ri=73860","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="10866" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Morphology">Morphology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="10866" type="text/json">{"id":10866,"name":"Morphology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Morphology?f_ri=73860","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="15999" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonology_Morphology_Acquisition">Phonology, Morphology, Acquisition</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="15999" type="text/json">{"id":15999,"name":"Phonology, Morphology, Acquisition","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonology_Morphology_Acquisition?f_ri=73860","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="16618" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Optimality_Theory">Optimality Theory</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="16618" type="text/json">{"id":16618,"name":"Optimality Theory","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Optimality_Theory?f_ri=73860","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=1081450]'), work: {"id":1081450,"title":"Italian article allomorphy and the treatment of initial glides","created_at":"2011-11-10T21:56:02.331-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/1081450/Italian_article_allomorphy_and_the_treatment_of_initial_glides?f_ri=73860","dom_id":"work_1081450","summary":null,"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":6670125,"asset_id":1081450,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":355487,"first_name":"Antonio","last_name":"Baroni","domain_name":"unipd","page_name":"AntonioBaroni","display_name":"Antonio Baroni","profile_url":"https://unipd.academia.edu/AntonioBaroni?f_ri=73860","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/355487/291413/344765/s65_antonio.baroni.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":1239,"name":"Phonology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonology?f_ri=73860","nofollow":false},{"id":10866,"name":"Morphology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Morphology?f_ri=73860","nofollow":false},{"id":15999,"name":"Phonology, Morphology, Acquisition","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonology_Morphology_Acquisition?f_ri=73860","nofollow":false},{"id":16618,"name":"Optimality Theory","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Optimality_Theory?f_ri=73860","nofollow":false},{"id":25587,"name":"Usage-based Grammar","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Usage-based_Grammar?f_ri=73860"},{"id":28958,"name":"Orthography","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Orthography?f_ri=73860"},{"id":38604,"name":"Optimality Theory (Languages And Linguistics)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Optimality_Theory_Languages_And_Linguistics_?f_ri=73860"},{"id":44724,"name":"Morphophonology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Morphophonology?f_ri=73860"},{"id":52353,"name":"Generative linguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Generative_linguistics?f_ri=73860"},{"id":66477,"name":"Graphemics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Graphemics?f_ri=73860"},{"id":67362,"name":"Italian","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Italian?f_ri=73860"},{"id":73860,"name":"Phonotactics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonotactics?f_ri=73860"},{"id":96793,"name":"Italian Grammar","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Italian_Grammar?f_ri=73860"},{"id":123754,"name":"Historical Linguistics Phonology Generative Grammar","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Historical_Linguistics_Phonology_Generative_Grammar?f_ri=73860"},{"id":145561,"name":"Allomorphy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Allomorphy?f_ri=73860"},{"id":207017,"name":"Usage-Based Linguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Usage-Based_Linguistics?f_ri=73860"},{"id":299994,"name":"Orthographic Bias","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Orthographic_Bias?f_ri=73860"},{"id":299995,"name":"Selective Lexicon Optimisation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Selective_Lexicon_Optimisation?f_ri=73860"},{"id":299996,"name":"van Oostendorp","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/van_Oostendorp?f_ri=73860"},{"id":325430,"name":"Italian Articles Allomorphy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Italian_Articles_Allomorphy?f_ri=73860"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_44080865" data-work_id="44080865" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/44080865/A_Place_for_Almost_Every_Thing_and_Everything_in_its_Place_Phonotactic_Effects_on_Phonological_Development_in_Italian">A Place for (Almost) Every Thing, and Everything in its Place: Phonotactic Effects on Phonological Development in Italian</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">In learning their first language(s), children must acquire a phonemic inventory, a syllable shape (e.g., CV, CVC, CCV), and an understanding of which phonemes can occupy which positions within the syllable or word. In hierarchical... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_44080865" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">In learning their first language(s), children must acquire a phonemic inventory, a syllable shape (e.g., CV, CVC, CCV), and an understanding of which phonemes can occupy which positions within the syllable or word. In hierarchical representations, this can be accounted for through constraints on dependency relationships, where the specification of segmental features in dependent positions captures marked options. This thesis examines the phonological development of four Italian-learning children, whose overall behaviour aligns with implicational relationships proposed in the literature. I account for their behaviour through hierarchically organized prosodic and segmental representations which reflect claims based on the notion of markedness. These representations incorporate the prediction that early stages of acquisition and typologically ubiquitous syllable shapes represent unmarked options, while syllable shapes learned relatively late and those only allowed in typologically rare languages constitute more marked options. By investigating prosodic development alongside segmental development in Italian, this thesis contributes novel observations concerning the markedness of prosodic dependency in reference to sonority and place or articulation, for example: liquid+consonant, strident+consonant coda-onset clusters and consonant+liquid onset clusters all imply homorganic nasal+consonant coda-onset clusters, which also means that complex onsets imply coda-onset clusters, both in child grammars and in the typology of adult grammars.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/44080865" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="c251c9175d1a864488a451bffbcf4ad1" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":64425500,"asset_id":44080865,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/64425500/download_file?st=MTczMjQ1MjAzNCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="20313665" href="https://mcgill.academia.edu/AlexCucinelli">Alex Cucinelli</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="20313665" type="text/json">{"id":20313665,"first_name":"Alex","last_name":"Cucinelli","domain_name":"mcgill","page_name":"AlexCucinelli","display_name":"Alex Cucinelli","profile_url":"https://mcgill.academia.edu/AlexCucinelli?f_ri=73860","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/20313665/6733424/36337631/s65_alex.cucinelli.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_44080865 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="44080865"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 44080865, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_44080865", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=44080865]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_44080865").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_44080865").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="44080865"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">5</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1239" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonology">Phonology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="1239" type="text/json">{"id":1239,"name":"Phonology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonology?f_ri=73860","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="19011" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/First_Language_Acquisition">First Language Acquisition</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="19011" type="text/json">{"id":19011,"name":"First Language Acquisition","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/First_Language_Acquisition?f_ri=73860","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="58936" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Romance_Languages">Romance Languages</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="58936" type="text/json">{"id":58936,"name":"Romance Languages","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Romance_Languages?f_ri=73860","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="73860" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonotactics">Phonotactics</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="73860" type="text/json">{"id":73860,"name":"Phonotactics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonotactics?f_ri=73860","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=44080865]'), work: {"id":44080865,"title":"A Place for (Almost) Every Thing, and Everything in its Place: Phonotactic Effects on Phonological Development in Italian","created_at":"2020-09-13T15:04:23.331-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/44080865/A_Place_for_Almost_Every_Thing_and_Everything_in_its_Place_Phonotactic_Effects_on_Phonological_Development_in_Italian?f_ri=73860","dom_id":"work_44080865","summary":"In learning their first language(s), children must acquire a phonemic inventory, a syllable shape (e.g., CV, CVC, CCV), and an understanding of which phonemes can occupy which positions within the syllable or word. In hierarchical representations, this can be accounted for through constraints on dependency relationships, where the specification of segmental features in dependent positions captures marked options. This thesis examines the phonological development of four Italian-learning children, whose overall behaviour aligns with implicational relationships proposed in the literature. I account for their behaviour through hierarchically organized prosodic and segmental representations which reflect claims based on the notion of markedness. These representations incorporate the prediction that early stages of acquisition and typologically ubiquitous syllable shapes represent unmarked options, while syllable shapes learned relatively late and those only allowed in typologically rare languages constitute more marked options. By investigating prosodic development alongside segmental development in Italian, this thesis contributes novel observations concerning the markedness of prosodic dependency in reference to sonority and place or articulation, for example: liquid+consonant, strident+consonant coda-onset clusters and consonant+liquid onset clusters all imply homorganic nasal+consonant coda-onset clusters, which also means that complex onsets imply coda-onset clusters, both in child grammars and in the typology of adult grammars.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":64425500,"asset_id":44080865,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":20313665,"first_name":"Alex","last_name":"Cucinelli","domain_name":"mcgill","page_name":"AlexCucinelli","display_name":"Alex Cucinelli","profile_url":"https://mcgill.academia.edu/AlexCucinelli?f_ri=73860","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/20313665/6733424/36337631/s65_alex.cucinelli.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":1239,"name":"Phonology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonology?f_ri=73860","nofollow":false},{"id":19011,"name":"First Language Acquisition","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/First_Language_Acquisition?f_ri=73860","nofollow":false},{"id":58936,"name":"Romance Languages","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Romance_Languages?f_ri=73860","nofollow":false},{"id":73860,"name":"Phonotactics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonotactics?f_ri=73860","nofollow":false},{"id":255024,"name":"Language Acquisition/Child Phonological Development","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Language_Acquisition_Child_Phonological_Development?f_ri=73860"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_42126727" data-work_id="42126727" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/42126727/On_the_link_between_onset_clusters_and_codas_in_Mbat_Jarawan_Bantu_">On the link between onset clusters and codas in Mbat (Jarawan Bantu)</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">This paper explores morphologically-conditioned alternations in Mbat (Jarawan Bantu) verb stems. Some inflectional affixation in Mbat results in resyllabification. The singleton coda of a CGVC verb stem will become the onset of a new... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_42126727" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">This paper explores morphologically-conditioned alternations in Mbat (Jarawan Bantu) verb stems. Some inflectional affixation in Mbat results in resyllabification. The singleton coda of a CGVC verb stem will become the onset of a new syllable following the addition of a vowel-initial suffix (e.g., Perfective-am). What is surprising is that this, in turn, triggers onset simplification in the stem itself (i.e., CV.C-am). Adding further complexity to Mbat is that these alternations are limited to verb stems containing mid vowels. Stems with low vowels retain their pre-vocalic glide upon suffixation (i.e., CGV.C-am). These outcomes have implications for at least two contemporary lines of inquiry in phonological theory: i) the prosodification and behavior of pre-vocalic glides, and ii) the formal connection between so-called M2 syllable margin positions (i.e., the second member of a complex onset and the sole member of a singleton coda). I illustrate that Mbat has something to contribute to current perspectives on both these fronts. In addition to the theoretical and typological contributions entailed herein, this paper is also significant in that it is the first formal linguistic study of a Jarawan Bantu language, a cluster of languages spoken primarily in eastern Nigeria.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/42126727" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="8d25f9012a62538e1f97bbc390ddd2d4" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":62261530,"asset_id":42126727,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/62261530/download_file?st=MTczMjQ1MjAzNCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="197475" href="https://syr.academia.edu/ChristopherGreen">Christopher R Green</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="197475" type="text/json">{"id":197475,"first_name":"Christopher","last_name":"Green","domain_name":"syr","page_name":"ChristopherGreen","display_name":"Christopher R Green","profile_url":"https://syr.academia.edu/ChristopherGreen?f_ri=73860","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/197475/46917/14433077/s65_christopher.green.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_42126727 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="42126727"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 42126727, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_42126727", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_42126727 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 42126727; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_42126727"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_42126727 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="42126727"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 42126727; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=42126727]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_42126727").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_42126727").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="42126727"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">5</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1239" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonology">Phonology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="1239" type="text/json">{"id":1239,"name":"Phonology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonology?f_ri=73860","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2237" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Bantu_Linguistics">Bantu Linguistics</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="2237" type="text/json">{"id":2237,"name":"Bantu Linguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Bantu_Linguistics?f_ri=73860","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="29497" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/African_languages">African languages</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="29497" type="text/json">{"id":29497,"name":"African languages","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/African_languages?f_ri=73860","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="73860" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonotactics">Phonotactics</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="73860" type="text/json">{"id":73860,"name":"Phonotactics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonotactics?f_ri=73860","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=42126727]'), work: {"id":42126727,"title":"On the link between onset clusters and codas in Mbat (Jarawan Bantu)","created_at":"2020-03-03T05:33:47.564-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/42126727/On_the_link_between_onset_clusters_and_codas_in_Mbat_Jarawan_Bantu_?f_ri=73860","dom_id":"work_42126727","summary":"This paper explores morphologically-conditioned alternations in Mbat (Jarawan Bantu) verb stems. Some inflectional affixation in Mbat results in resyllabification. The singleton coda of a CGVC verb stem will become the onset of a new syllable following the addition of a vowel-initial suffix (e.g., Perfective-am). What is surprising is that this, in turn, triggers onset simplification in the stem itself (i.e., CV.C-am). Adding further complexity to Mbat is that these alternations are limited to verb stems containing mid vowels. Stems with low vowels retain their pre-vocalic glide upon suffixation (i.e., CGV.C-am). These outcomes have implications for at least two contemporary lines of inquiry in phonological theory: i) the prosodification and behavior of pre-vocalic glides, and ii) the formal connection between so-called M2 syllable margin positions (i.e., the second member of a complex onset and the sole member of a singleton coda). I illustrate that Mbat has something to contribute to current perspectives on both these fronts. In addition to the theoretical and typological contributions entailed herein, this paper is also significant in that it is the first formal linguistic study of a Jarawan Bantu language, a cluster of languages spoken primarily in eastern Nigeria.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":62261530,"asset_id":42126727,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":197475,"first_name":"Christopher","last_name":"Green","domain_name":"syr","page_name":"ChristopherGreen","display_name":"Christopher R Green","profile_url":"https://syr.academia.edu/ChristopherGreen?f_ri=73860","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/197475/46917/14433077/s65_christopher.green.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":1239,"name":"Phonology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonology?f_ri=73860","nofollow":false},{"id":2237,"name":"Bantu Linguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Bantu_Linguistics?f_ri=73860","nofollow":false},{"id":29497,"name":"African languages","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/African_languages?f_ri=73860","nofollow":false},{"id":73860,"name":"Phonotactics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonotactics?f_ri=73860","nofollow":false},{"id":144922,"name":"Syllable Structure","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Syllable_Structure?f_ri=73860"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_7733183" data-work_id="7733183" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/7733183/A_CONSTRAINT_BASED_STUDY_OF_THE_TIV_LEARNERS_OF_ENGLISH_PHONOTACTICS">A CONSTRAINT BASED STUDY OF THE TIV LEARNERS OF ENGLISH PHONOTACTICS</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li 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data-card-contents-for-ri="1239" type="text/json">{"id":1239,"name":"Phonology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonology?f_ri=73860","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2139" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonetics">Phonetics</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="2139" type="text/json">{"id":2139,"name":"Phonetics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonetics?f_ri=73860","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="6223" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/English">English</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="6223" type="text/json">{"id":6223,"name":"English","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/English?f_ri=73860","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="16618" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Optimality_Theory">Optimality Theory</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="16618" 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Waya","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/DavidWaya?f_ri=73860","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":1239,"name":"Phonology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonology?f_ri=73860","nofollow":false},{"id":2139,"name":"Phonetics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonetics?f_ri=73860","nofollow":false},{"id":6223,"name":"English","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/English?f_ri=73860","nofollow":false},{"id":16618,"name":"Optimality Theory","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Optimality_Theory?f_ri=73860","nofollow":false},{"id":73860,"name":"Phonotactics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonotactics?f_ri=73860"},{"id":956727,"name":"Tiv","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Tiv?f_ri=73860"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_4806305" data-work_id="4806305" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/4806305/A_Bat_Is_Easier_to_Learn_than_a_Tab_Effects_of_Relative_Phonotactic_Frequency_on_Infant_Word_Learning">A ‘‘Bat’’ Is Easier to Learn than a ‘‘Tab’’: Effects of Relative Phonotactic Frequency on Infant Word Learning</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/4806305" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="58823999fee8dee0fdf6cf1fa1a87bc9" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":32104055,"asset_id":4806305,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/32104055/download_file?st=MTczMjQ1MjAzNCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="5398301" href="https://oxfordbrookes.academia.edu/NayeliGonzalezGomez">Nayeli Gonzalez-Gomez</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="5398301" type="text/json">{"id":5398301,"first_name":"Nayeli","last_name":"Gonzalez-Gomez","domain_name":"oxfordbrookes","page_name":"NayeliGonzalezGomez","display_name":"Nayeli Gonzalez-Gomez","profile_url":"https://oxfordbrookes.academia.edu/NayeliGonzalezGomez?f_ri=73860","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/5398301/2369894/2872526/s65_nayeli.gonzalez-gomez.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_4806305 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="4806305"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 4806305, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_4806305", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_4806305 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x 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$(".js-view-count-work_4806305").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_4806305").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="4806305"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">4</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1239" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonology">Phonology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="1239" type="text/json">{"id":1239,"name":"Phonology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonology?f_ri=73860","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="19011" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/First_Language_Acquisition">First Language Acquisition</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="19011" type="text/json">{"id":19011,"name":"First Language Acquisition","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/First_Language_Acquisition?f_ri=73860","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="19717" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Word_Learning">Word Learning</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="19717" type="text/json">{"id":19717,"name":"Word Learning","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Word_Learning?f_ri=73860","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="73860" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonotactics">Phonotactics</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="73860" type="text/json">{"id":73860,"name":"Phonotactics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonotactics?f_ri=73860","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=4806305]'), work: {"id":4806305,"title":"A ‘‘Bat’’ Is Easier to Learn than a ‘‘Tab’’: Effects of Relative Phonotactic Frequency on Infant Word Learning","created_at":"2013-10-17T21:55:34.458-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/4806305/A_Bat_Is_Easier_to_Learn_than_a_Tab_Effects_of_Relative_Phonotactic_Frequency_on_Infant_Word_Learning?f_ri=73860","dom_id":"work_4806305","summary":null,"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":32104055,"asset_id":4806305,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":5398301,"first_name":"Nayeli","last_name":"Gonzalez-Gomez","domain_name":"oxfordbrookes","page_name":"NayeliGonzalezGomez","display_name":"Nayeli Gonzalez-Gomez","profile_url":"https://oxfordbrookes.academia.edu/NayeliGonzalezGomez?f_ri=73860","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/5398301/2369894/2872526/s65_nayeli.gonzalez-gomez.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":1239,"name":"Phonology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonology?f_ri=73860","nofollow":false},{"id":19011,"name":"First Language Acquisition","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/First_Language_Acquisition?f_ri=73860","nofollow":false},{"id":19717,"name":"Word Learning","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Word_Learning?f_ri=73860","nofollow":false},{"id":73860,"name":"Phonotactics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonotactics?f_ri=73860","nofollow":false}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_2481999" data-work_id="2481999" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/2481999/French_and_Italian_Glides_in_OT_a_Phonology_Morphology_Orthography_interaction">French and Italian Glides in OT: a Phonology/Morphology/Orthography interaction</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">The aim of this contribution is to analyze and compare the phonological status of glides in two closely related languages, French and Italian. If French glide formation phenomena have been extensively studied in the generative literature... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_2481999" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">The aim of this contribution is to analyze and compare the phonological status of glides in two closely related languages, French and Italian. If French glide formation phenomena have been extensively studied in the generative literature (Schane 1968, Lyche 1979, Hall 2006), Italian glides are still poorly understood (cf. Marotta 1987, van der Veer 2006, Krämer 2006). In French, high vowels turn into glides if followed by another vowel, unless they are preceded by a consonant+liquid sequence. In Italian glides are stable only word-initially, elsewhere they seem to alternate freely with the corresponding high vowel. In both languages, definite article allomorph selection depends on the word-initial segment: French selects /l/ before vowels and /lə/ before consonants, Italian selects /l/ before vowels, /il/ before single consonants and consonant+liquid and /lo/ before obstruent sequences. Before glides, there seems to be variation, in French before both /j/ and /w/, in Italian only before /w/. This variation is very likely to be caused by orthography, since loanwords spelled with ‘exotic’ letters normally select the default allomorph, no matter the pronunciation. Italian words beginning with /j/ are not affected by orthography, though: both native words and loanwords always select /lo/, cf. Italian lo ione, lo yogurt vs. French l'ion, le yaourt. The main questions are: 1) Is glide formation entirely predictable in French? 2) Is glide formation predictable in Italian, at least to some extent? 3) What is the underlying representation of glide-initial words in French and Italian? 4) What is the phonological and phonetic difference between vowels and glides? Which feature represents this difference (e.g. +syllabic, +vocalic, +consonantal, +glide, etc.)? Are there clear phonetic correlates of 'glideness'? The framework adopted here will be based on Optimality Theory (Prince & Smolensky 1993), but possible alternative analyses in CVCV (Lowenstamm 1996, Scheer 2004) and Beats-and-Binding phonology (Dziubalska-Kołaczyk 2002) will be discussed as well.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/2481999" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="9d0244ef31b9ce2ceed83bdc3fe4876f" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":30500897,"asset_id":2481999,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/30500897/download_file?st=MTczMjQ1MjAzNCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="355487" href="https://unipd.academia.edu/AntonioBaroni">Antonio Baroni</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="355487" type="text/json">{"id":355487,"first_name":"Antonio","last_name":"Baroni","domain_name":"unipd","page_name":"AntonioBaroni","display_name":"Antonio Baroni","profile_url":"https://unipd.academia.edu/AntonioBaroni?f_ri=73860","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/355487/291413/344765/s65_antonio.baroni.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_2481999 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="2481999"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 2481999, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_2481999", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_2481999 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 2481999; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_2481999"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_2481999 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="2481999"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 2481999; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=2481999]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_2481999").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_2481999").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="2481999"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">12</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="8000" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/French_language">French language</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="8000" type="text/json">{"id":8000,"name":"French language","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/French_language?f_ri=73860","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="16618" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Optimality_Theory">Optimality Theory</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="16618" type="text/json">{"id":16618,"name":"Optimality Theory","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Optimality_Theory?f_ri=73860","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="28958" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Orthography">Orthography</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="28958" type="text/json">{"id":28958,"name":"Orthography","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Orthography?f_ri=73860","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="31877" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Italian_Languages_And_Linguistics_">Italian (Languages And Linguistics)</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="31877" type="text/json">{"id":31877,"name":"Italian (Languages And Linguistics)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Italian_Languages_And_Linguistics_?f_ri=73860","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=2481999]'), work: {"id":2481999,"title":"French and Italian Glides in OT: a Phonology/Morphology/Orthography interaction","created_at":"2013-01-29T00:40:15.960-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/2481999/French_and_Italian_Glides_in_OT_a_Phonology_Morphology_Orthography_interaction?f_ri=73860","dom_id":"work_2481999","summary":"The aim of this contribution is to analyze and compare the phonological status of glides in two closely related languages, French and Italian. If French glide formation phenomena have been extensively studied in the generative literature (Schane 1968, Lyche 1979, Hall 2006), Italian glides are still poorly understood (cf. Marotta 1987, van der Veer 2006, Krämer 2006). In French, high vowels turn into glides if followed by another vowel, unless they are preceded by a consonant+liquid sequence. In Italian glides are stable only word-initially, elsewhere they seem to alternate freely with the corresponding high vowel. In both languages, definite article allomorph selection depends on the word-initial segment: French selects /l/ before vowels and /lə/ before consonants, Italian selects /l/ before vowels, /il/ before single consonants and consonant+liquid and /lo/ before obstruent sequences. Before glides, there seems to be variation, in French before both /j/ and /w/, in Italian only before /w/. This variation is very likely to be caused by orthography, since loanwords spelled with ‘exotic’ letters normally select the default allomorph, no matter the pronunciation. Italian words beginning with /j/ are not affected by orthography, though: both native words and loanwords always select /lo/, cf. Italian lo ione, lo yogurt vs. French l'ion, le yaourt. The main questions are: 1) Is glide formation entirely predictable in French? 2) Is glide formation predictable in Italian, at least to some extent? 3) What is the underlying representation of glide-initial words in French and Italian? 4) What is the phonological and phonetic difference between vowels and glides? Which feature represents this difference (e.g. +syllabic, +vocalic, +consonantal, +glide, etc.)? Are there clear phonetic correlates of 'glideness'? The framework adopted here will be based on Optimality Theory (Prince \u0026 Smolensky 1993), but possible alternative analyses in CVCV (Lowenstamm 1996, Scheer 2004) and Beats-and-Binding phonology (Dziubalska-Kołaczyk 2002) will be discussed as well. ","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":30500897,"asset_id":2481999,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":355487,"first_name":"Antonio","last_name":"Baroni","domain_name":"unipd","page_name":"AntonioBaroni","display_name":"Antonio Baroni","profile_url":"https://unipd.academia.edu/AntonioBaroni?f_ri=73860","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/355487/291413/344765/s65_antonio.baroni.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":8000,"name":"French language","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/French_language?f_ri=73860","nofollow":false},{"id":16618,"name":"Optimality Theory","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Optimality_Theory?f_ri=73860","nofollow":false},{"id":28958,"name":"Orthography","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Orthography?f_ri=73860","nofollow":false},{"id":31877,"name":"Italian (Languages And Linguistics)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Italian_Languages_And_Linguistics_?f_ri=73860","nofollow":false},{"id":73860,"name":"Phonotactics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonotactics?f_ri=73860"},{"id":123375,"name":"Government Phonology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Government_Phonology?f_ri=73860"},{"id":145561,"name":"Allomorphy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Allomorphy?f_ri=73860"},{"id":192123,"name":"Natural Phonology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Natural_Phonology?f_ri=73860"},{"id":325430,"name":"Italian Articles Allomorphy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Italian_Articles_Allomorphy?f_ri=73860"},{"id":589728,"name":"Glides","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Glides?f_ri=73860"},{"id":597966,"name":"Beats-and-Bindings","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Beats-and-Bindings?f_ri=73860"},{"id":691519,"name":"CVCV Theory","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/CVCV_Theory?f_ri=73860"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_39005893" data-work_id="39005893" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/39005893/Las_Consonantes_Velares_Coda_en_Maropa_desde_una_Perspectiva_Fonot%C3%A1ctica_y_Morfofonol%C3%B3gica">Las Consonantes Velares Coda en Maropa desde una Perspectiva Fonotáctica y Morfofonológica</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">This paper focuses on the description of a phonotactic and morphophonological process in Maropa, a highly endangered language of Bolivian Amazon. I propose that two surface phones in the language, which break the common CV syllable... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_39005893" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">This paper focuses on the description of a phonotactic and morphophonological process in Maropa, a highly endangered language of Bolivian Amazon. I propose that two surface phones in the language, which break the common CV syllable structure in Maropa to a CVC pattern, are linked to two clitics that trigger this phenomenon which also changes normal accent assignment in a phonological word.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/39005893" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="2578f4b4c039971abbae12ae2bcf9c14" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":59287080,"asset_id":39005893,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/59287080/download_file?st=MTczMjQ1MjAzNCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="5433809" href="https://utexas.academia.edu/GabrielGallinate">Gabriel Gallinate</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="5433809" type="text/json">{"id":5433809,"first_name":"Gabriel","last_name":"Gallinate","domain_name":"utexas","page_name":"GabrielGallinate","display_name":"Gabriel Gallinate","profile_url":"https://utexas.academia.edu/GabrielGallinate?f_ri=73860","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/5433809/2387051/91686516/s65_gabriel.gallinate.jpeg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_39005893 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="39005893"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 39005893, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_39005893", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_39005893 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 39005893; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_39005893"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_39005893 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="39005893"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 39005893; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=39005893]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_39005893").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_39005893").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="39005893"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">5</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1239" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonology">Phonology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="1239" type="text/json">{"id":1239,"name":"Phonology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonology?f_ri=73860","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="15674" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Linguistics">Linguistics</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="15674" type="text/json">{"id":15674,"name":"Linguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Linguistics?f_ri=73860","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="44724" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Morphophonology">Morphophonology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="44724" type="text/json">{"id":44724,"name":"Morphophonology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Morphophonology?f_ri=73860","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="73860" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonotactics">Phonotactics</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="73860" type="text/json">{"id":73860,"name":"Phonotactics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonotactics?f_ri=73860","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=39005893]'), work: {"id":39005893,"title":"Las Consonantes Velares Coda en Maropa desde una Perspectiva Fonotáctica y Morfofonológica","created_at":"2019-05-02T17:49:25.495-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/39005893/Las_Consonantes_Velares_Coda_en_Maropa_desde_una_Perspectiva_Fonot%C3%A1ctica_y_Morfofonol%C3%B3gica?f_ri=73860","dom_id":"work_39005893","summary":"This paper focuses on the description of a phonotactic and morphophonological process in Maropa, a highly endangered language of Bolivian Amazon. I propose that two surface phones in the language, which break the common CV syllable structure in Maropa to a CVC pattern, are linked to two clitics that trigger this phenomenon which also changes normal accent assignment in a phonological word. ","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":59287080,"asset_id":39005893,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":5433809,"first_name":"Gabriel","last_name":"Gallinate","domain_name":"utexas","page_name":"GabrielGallinate","display_name":"Gabriel Gallinate","profile_url":"https://utexas.academia.edu/GabrielGallinate?f_ri=73860","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/5433809/2387051/91686516/s65_gabriel.gallinate.jpeg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":1239,"name":"Phonology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonology?f_ri=73860","nofollow":false},{"id":15674,"name":"Linguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Linguistics?f_ri=73860","nofollow":false},{"id":44724,"name":"Morphophonology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Morphophonology?f_ri=73860","nofollow":false},{"id":73860,"name":"Phonotactics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonotactics?f_ri=73860","nofollow":false},{"id":3222355,"name":"Maropa language","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Maropa_language?f_ri=73860"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_35315240" data-work_id="35315240" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/35315240/Deriving_sonority_from_the_structure_not_the_other_way_round_A_Strict_CV_approach_to_consonant_clusters">Deriving sonority from the structure, not the other way round: A Strict CV approach to consonant clusters</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">This paper aims to show that sonority-based generalizations on consonant phonotactics should directly follow from representations, not from stipulations on representations such as the commonly accepted licensing or government statements.... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_35315240" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">This paper aims to show that sonority-based generalizations on consonant phonotactics should directly follow from representations, not from stipulations on representations such as the commonly accepted licensing or government statements. The basic reason for this is that the second approach is both arbitrary and circular, as it entails a variable ranking of alleged well-formedness principles, if we want to explain, for example, why TR clusters may be either tautosyllabic or heterosyllabic depending on the language. I argue instead for a representational alternative assuming that (i) consonants and vowels are universally segregated, and (ii) involve two parallel CVCV sequences – one on the C-plane, the other on the V-plane – (iii) which may differ in length. It is shown how the major sonority categories, and thereby the phonotactic constraints based on these categories, naturally result from how the two CVCV sequences are synchronized if the one on the C-plane is longer than the one on the V-plane. It will also be seen how the proposed structures naturally account for several processes such as liquid metathesis and deletion, vowel epenthesis, plosive fricativization, etc., while providing a means for measuring the relative likelihood of some of them on the basis of representational markedness.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/35315240" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="40d87bb3859b91dc8e2f34fea4bba1ea" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":55176079,"asset_id":35315240,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/55176079/download_file?st=MTczMjQ1MjAzNCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="30923041" href="https://univ-paris8.academia.edu/JoaquimBrand%C3%A3odeCarvalho">Joaquim Brandão de Carvalho</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="30923041" type="text/json">{"id":30923041,"first_name":"Joaquim","last_name":"Brandão de Carvalho","domain_name":"univ-paris8","page_name":"JoaquimBrandãodeCarvalho","display_name":"Joaquim Brandão de Carvalho","profile_url":"https://univ-paris8.academia.edu/JoaquimBrand%C3%A3odeCarvalho?f_ri=73860","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/30923041/9045381/10090891/s65_joaquim_manuel.brand_o_de_carvalho.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_35315240 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="35315240"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 35315240, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_35315240", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_35315240 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 35315240; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_35315240"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_35315240 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="35315240"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 35315240; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=35315240]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_35315240").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_35315240").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="35315240"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">3</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="73860" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonotactics">Phonotactics</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="73860" type="text/json">{"id":73860,"name":"Phonotactics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonotactics?f_ri=73860","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="383319" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Consonant_Clusters">Consonant Clusters</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="383319" type="text/json">{"id":383319,"name":"Consonant Clusters","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Consonant_Clusters?f_ri=73860","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="488460" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sonority">Sonority</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="488460" type="text/json">{"id":488460,"name":"Sonority","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sonority?f_ri=73860","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=35315240]'), work: {"id":35315240,"title":"Deriving sonority from the structure, not the other way round: A Strict CV approach to consonant clusters","created_at":"2017-12-02T02:10:25.292-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/35315240/Deriving_sonority_from_the_structure_not_the_other_way_round_A_Strict_CV_approach_to_consonant_clusters?f_ri=73860","dom_id":"work_35315240","summary":"This paper aims to show that sonority-based generalizations on consonant phonotactics should directly follow from representations, not from stipulations on representations such as the commonly accepted licensing or government statements. The basic reason for this is that the second approach is both arbitrary and circular, as it entails a variable ranking of alleged well-formedness principles, if we want to explain, for example, why TR clusters may be either tautosyllabic or heterosyllabic depending on the language. I argue instead for a representational alternative assuming that (i) consonants and vowels are universally segregated, and (ii) involve two parallel CVCV sequences – one on the C-plane, the other on the V-plane – (iii) which may differ in length. It is shown how the major sonority categories, and thereby the phonotactic constraints based on these categories, naturally result from how the two CVCV sequences are synchronized if the one on the C-plane is longer than the one on the V-plane. It will also be seen how the proposed structures naturally account for several processes such as liquid metathesis and deletion, vowel epenthesis, plosive fricativization, etc., while providing a means for measuring the relative likelihood of some of them on the basis of representational markedness.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":55176079,"asset_id":35315240,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":30923041,"first_name":"Joaquim","last_name":"Brandão de Carvalho","domain_name":"univ-paris8","page_name":"JoaquimBrandãodeCarvalho","display_name":"Joaquim Brandão de Carvalho","profile_url":"https://univ-paris8.academia.edu/JoaquimBrand%C3%A3odeCarvalho?f_ri=73860","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/30923041/9045381/10090891/s65_joaquim_manuel.brand_o_de_carvalho.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":73860,"name":"Phonotactics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonotactics?f_ri=73860","nofollow":false},{"id":383319,"name":"Consonant Clusters","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Consonant_Clusters?f_ri=73860","nofollow":false},{"id":488460,"name":"Sonority","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sonority?f_ri=73860","nofollow":false}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_11956091 coauthored" data-work_id="11956091" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/11956091/Evaluating_models_of_phonotactic_constraints_on_the_basis_of_sC_cluster_acquisition_data">Evaluating models of phonotactic constraints on the basis of sC cluster acquisition data</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">This paper aims to test the model of phonotactics called NAD (Net Auditory Distance) with the acquisition data to see whether it makes better predictions than sonority-based models. NAD assumes that the phonotactic preferability of a... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_11956091" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">This paper aims to test the model of phonotactics called NAD (Net Auditory Distance) with the acquisition data to see whether it makes better predictions than sonority-based models. NAD assumes that the phonotactic preferability of a cluster depends on perceptual distance between particular sounds in this cluster. The index of perceptual distance within NAD is based on phonetic features: manner of articulation (MOA), place of articulation (POA) and voicing. To test the predictions of our model we used data gathered from 50 Polish kinder- garten children, who produced for us six initial double clusters: /st/, /sp/, /sk/, /sx/, /sm/ and /sw/. This sC set ensured that clusters were similar, yet differing on NAD scales. To check for the preferences, we calculated the number of cluster reductions applied for each cluster group. In accordance with the newest version of NAD principle, we predicted that the /st/ would be the most dispreferred (reduced) cluster, followed by /sp/, /sk/ and /sx/, /sm/ and finally /sw/. The results only partially confirmed this hypothesis. For the /sx/, /sm/ and /sw/ clusters, our prediction turned out to be accurate, but the theory did not predict correctly the results for the sþstop clusters. In fact, the results pointed out to /st/ (the most dispreferred cluster according to NAD), as the most preferred sequence. Overall, our results point to a special status of the sþstop clusters among all the other sound sequences. The ambiguous nature of these clusters (they are dispreferred in many phonological theories but relatively salient acoustically) may render them more vulnerable to frequency effects. This would explain the preference for /st/, which is the third most frequent initial double cluster in Polish. Our study thus shows that in ambiguous cases language-specific idiosyncrasies can override the universal tendencies in language acquisition.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/11956091" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="e12f7f262934aada1af5dbea70f3f33a" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":37312965,"asset_id":11956091,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/37312965/download_file?st=MTczMjQ1MjAzNCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="11605977" href="https://amu.academia.edu/MartaMarecka">Marta Marecka</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="11605977" type="text/json">{"id":11605977,"first_name":"Marta","last_name":"Marecka","domain_name":"amu","page_name":"MartaMarecka","display_name":"Marta Marecka","profile_url":"https://amu.academia.edu/MartaMarecka?f_ri=73860","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/11605977/3695795/9518743/s65_marta.marecka.png"}</script></span></span><span class="u-displayInlineBlock InlineList-item-text"> and <span class="u-textDecorationUnderline u-clickable InlineList-item-text js-work-more-authors-11956091">+1</span><div class="hidden js-additional-users-11956091"><div><span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a href="https://amu.academia.edu/KatarzynaDziubalskaKolaczyk">Katarzyna Dziubalska-Kolaczyk</a></span></div></div></span><script>(function(){ var popoverSettings = { el: $('.js-work-more-authors-11956091'), placement: 'bottom', hide_delay: 200, html: true, content: function(){ return $('.js-additional-users-11956091').html(); } } new HoverPopover(popoverSettings); })();</script></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_11956091 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="11956091"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 11956091, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_11956091", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_11956091 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 11956091; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_11956091"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_11956091 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="11956091"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 11956091; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=11956091]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_11956091").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_11956091").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="11956091"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">5</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="22043" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonological_Acquisition">Phonological Acquisition</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="22043" type="text/json">{"id":22043,"name":"Phonological Acquisition","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonological_Acquisition?f_ri=73860","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="73860" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonotactics">Phonotactics</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="73860" type="text/json">{"id":73860,"name":"Phonotactics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonotactics?f_ri=73860","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="190756" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Polish_Language">Polish Language</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="190756" type="text/json">{"id":190756,"name":"Polish Language","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Polish_Language?f_ri=73860","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="488460" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sonority">Sonority</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="488460" type="text/json">{"id":488460,"name":"Sonority","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sonority?f_ri=73860","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=11956091]'), work: {"id":11956091,"title":"Evaluating models of phonotactic constraints on the basis of sC cluster acquisition data","created_at":"2015-04-15T04:06:13.293-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/11956091/Evaluating_models_of_phonotactic_constraints_on_the_basis_of_sC_cluster_acquisition_data?f_ri=73860","dom_id":"work_11956091","summary":"This paper aims to test the model of phonotactics called NAD (Net Auditory Distance) with the acquisition data to see whether it makes better predictions than sonority-based models. NAD assumes that the phonotactic preferability of a cluster depends on perceptual distance between particular sounds in this cluster. The index of perceptual distance within NAD is based on phonetic features: manner of articulation (MOA), place of articulation (POA) and voicing. To test the predictions of our model we used data gathered from 50 Polish kinder- garten children, who produced for us six initial double clusters: /st/, /sp/, /sk/, /sx/, /sm/ and /sw/. This sC set ensured that clusters were similar, yet differing on NAD scales. To check for the preferences, we calculated the number of cluster reductions applied for each cluster group. In accordance with the newest version of NAD principle, we predicted that the /st/ would be the most dispreferred (reduced) cluster, followed by /sp/, /sk/ and /sx/, /sm/ and finally /sw/. The results only partially confirmed this hypothesis. For the /sx/, /sm/ and /sw/ clusters, our prediction turned out to be accurate, but the theory did not predict correctly the results for the sþstop clusters. In fact, the results pointed out to /st/ (the most dispreferred cluster according to NAD), as the most preferred sequence. Overall, our results point to a special status of the sþstop clusters among all the other sound sequences. The ambiguous nature of these clusters (they are dispreferred in many phonological theories but relatively salient acoustically) may render them more vulnerable to frequency effects. This would explain the preference for /st/, which is the third most frequent initial double cluster in Polish. Our study thus shows that in ambiguous cases language-specific idiosyncrasies can override the universal tendencies in language acquisition.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":37312965,"asset_id":11956091,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":11605977,"first_name":"Marta","last_name":"Marecka","domain_name":"amu","page_name":"MartaMarecka","display_name":"Marta Marecka","profile_url":"https://amu.academia.edu/MartaMarecka?f_ri=73860","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/11605977/3695795/9518743/s65_marta.marecka.png"},{"id":285615,"first_name":"Katarzyna","last_name":"Dziubalska-Kolaczyk","domain_name":"amu","page_name":"KatarzynaDziubalskaKolaczyk","display_name":"Katarzyna Dziubalska-Kolaczyk","profile_url":"https://amu.academia.edu/KatarzynaDziubalskaKolaczyk?f_ri=73860","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/285615/2809143/3276802/s65_katarzyna.dziubalska-kolaczyk.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":22043,"name":"Phonological Acquisition","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonological_Acquisition?f_ri=73860","nofollow":false},{"id":73860,"name":"Phonotactics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonotactics?f_ri=73860","nofollow":false},{"id":190756,"name":"Polish Language","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Polish_Language?f_ri=73860","nofollow":false},{"id":488460,"name":"Sonority","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sonority?f_ri=73860","nofollow":false},{"id":1897060,"name":"Net Auditory Distance","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Net_Auditory_Distance?f_ri=73860"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_11365794" data-work_id="11365794" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/11365794/The_phonetics_phonology_and_phonotactics_of_the_Bribri_Language">The phonetics, phonology and phonotactics of the Bribri Language</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Bribri (Viceitic; Chibchan) is a language from Lower Central America, spoken by approximately 3000 people in Southern Costa Rica (INEC, 2000). Bribri has been described as having four lexical tones, two level tones, high and low, one fall... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_11365794" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Bribri (Viceitic; Chibchan) is a language from Lower Central America, spoken by approximately 3000 people in Southern Costa Rica (INEC, 2000). Bribri has been described as having four lexical tones, two level tones, high and low, one fall (Lehmann 1920; Wilson 1974; Constenla 1981; Constenla, Elizondo & Pereira 1998, henceforth CEP98), and a glottal stop that is undergoing tonogenesis (Wilson 1996, CEP98, Jara 2004). This paper seeks to (1) understand the phonetics of the Bribri tone, (2) understand the interactions between tone and segmental features, and (3) proposal a phonological structure for Bribri tone. As for the phonetics, the starting points of the high and falling tone are the same (p(1,118)=1.9, p=0.17), and they are both different from the starting point of the low tone (High: p(1,90)=28.7, p<0.00001, Falling: p(1,65)=24.6, p<0.00001). The end point of all three tones is different (p(2,136)=40.0, p<0.00001), with the high tone ending at around 5, the falling tone at around 2.5~3, and the low tone ending at 1. This implies that the high tone is [45], the falling tone is [43], and the low tone is [11]. The rising tone has the same starting point as the low tone (p(1,5)=0.9, p=0.8), but it finishes significantly higher, becoming [13] (p(1,5)=7.1, p<0.05). The tones are divided into two registers, [+high] for high and falling, and [-high] for low and rising. This classification has consequences for the syllables that have been supposed to be "neutral": Neutral syllables followed by a [+high] register tone are [3], but those followed by [-high] are phonetically one [1], suggesting a register spread from the final toned syllable to those preceding it. As for the relationships between segments and tones, syllables with codas attract contour tones (F(3,859)=17.6, p<0.0001), and in general [+high] register tones are associated with voiceless onsets and high vowels, a tendency in agreement with results observed in other languages. These facts, in addition to the phonetic facts, suggest that the [±high] register division is relevant to Bribri phonology. Future work will focus on studying the autosegmental interactions between tonal register and contours and morphophonological processes in the language.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/11365794" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="be112c3d47ca1c1506caaa1e8574d66a" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":36935450,"asset_id":11365794,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/36935450/download_file?st=MTczMjQ1MjAzNCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="174142" href="https://arizona.academia.edu/RolandoCoto">Rolando Coto</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="174142" type="text/json">{"id":174142,"first_name":"Rolando","last_name":"Coto","domain_name":"arizona","page_name":"RolandoCoto","display_name":"Rolando Coto","profile_url":"https://arizona.academia.edu/RolandoCoto?f_ri=73860","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/174142/5747126/6534240/s65_rolando.coto.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_11365794 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="11365794"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 11365794, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_11365794", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_11365794 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 11365794; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_11365794"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_11365794 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="11365794"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 11365794; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=11365794]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_11365794").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_11365794").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="11365794"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">18</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1200" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Languages_and_Linguistics">Languages and Linguistics</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="1200" type="text/json">{"id":1200,"name":"Languages and Linguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Languages_and_Linguistics?f_ri=73860","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1239" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonology">Phonology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="1239" type="text/json">{"id":1239,"name":"Phonology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonology?f_ri=73860","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2743" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Indigenous_Languages">Indigenous Languages</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="2743" type="text/json">{"id":2743,"name":"Indigenous Languages","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Indigenous_Languages?f_ri=73860","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="13523" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chibchan_Languages">Chibchan Languages</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="13523" type="text/json">{"id":13523,"name":"Chibchan Languages","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chibchan_Languages?f_ri=73860","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=11365794]'), work: {"id":11365794,"title":"The phonetics, phonology and phonotactics of the Bribri Language","created_at":"2015-03-11T01:25:59.920-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/11365794/The_phonetics_phonology_and_phonotactics_of_the_Bribri_Language?f_ri=73860","dom_id":"work_11365794","summary":"Bribri (Viceitic; Chibchan) is a language from Lower Central America, spoken by approximately 3000 people in Southern Costa Rica (INEC, 2000). Bribri has been described as having four lexical tones, two level tones, high and low, one fall (Lehmann 1920; Wilson 1974; Constenla 1981; Constenla, Elizondo \u0026 Pereira 1998, henceforth CEP98), and a glottal stop that is undergoing tonogenesis (Wilson 1996, CEP98, Jara 2004). This paper seeks to (1) understand the phonetics of the Bribri tone, (2) understand the interactions between tone and segmental features, and (3) proposal a phonological structure for Bribri tone. As for the phonetics, the starting points of the high and falling tone are the same (p(1,118)=1.9, p=0.17), and they are both different from the starting point of the low tone (High: p(1,90)=28.7, p\u003c0.00001, Falling: p(1,65)=24.6, p\u003c0.00001). The end point of all three tones is different (p(2,136)=40.0, p\u003c0.00001), with the high tone ending at around 5, the falling tone at around 2.5~3, and the low tone ending at 1. This implies that the high tone is [45], the falling tone is [43], and the low tone is [11]. The rising tone has the same starting point as the low tone (p(1,5)=0.9, p=0.8), but it finishes significantly higher, becoming [13] (p(1,5)=7.1, p\u003c0.05). The tones are divided into two registers, [+high] for high and falling, and [-high] for low and rising. This classification has consequences for the syllables that have been supposed to be \"neutral\": Neutral syllables followed by a [+high] register tone are [3], but those followed by [-high] are phonetically one [1], suggesting a register spread from the final toned syllable to those preceding it. As for the relationships between segments and tones, syllables with codas attract contour tones (F(3,859)=17.6, p\u003c0.0001), and in general [+high] register tones are associated with voiceless onsets and high vowels, a tendency in agreement with results observed in other languages. These facts, in addition to the phonetic facts, suggest that the [±high] register division is relevant to Bribri phonology. Future work will focus on studying the autosegmental interactions between tonal register and contours and morphophonological processes in the language.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":36935450,"asset_id":11365794,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":174142,"first_name":"Rolando","last_name":"Coto","domain_name":"arizona","page_name":"RolandoCoto","display_name":"Rolando Coto","profile_url":"https://arizona.academia.edu/RolandoCoto?f_ri=73860","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/174142/5747126/6534240/s65_rolando.coto.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":1200,"name":"Languages and Linguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Languages_and_Linguistics?f_ri=73860","nofollow":false},{"id":1239,"name":"Phonology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonology?f_ri=73860","nofollow":false},{"id":2743,"name":"Indigenous Languages","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Indigenous_Languages?f_ri=73860","nofollow":false},{"id":13523,"name":"Chibchan Languages","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chibchan_Languages?f_ri=73860","nofollow":false},{"id":15674,"name":"Linguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Linguistics?f_ri=73860"},{"id":17566,"name":"Costa Rica","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Costa_Rica?f_ri=73860"},{"id":17645,"name":"South American indigenous languages","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/South_American_indigenous_languages?f_ri=73860"},{"id":29668,"name":"Tone systems","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Tone_systems?f_ri=73860"},{"id":58132,"name":"Descriptive Linguistics, Language Documentation, Indigenous Languages, Sociolinguistics, Field Linguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Descriptive_Linguistics_Language_Documentation_Indigenous_Languages_Sociolinguistics_Field_Lingu?f_ri=73860"},{"id":60338,"name":"Phonetics and Phonology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonetics_and_Phonology?f_ri=73860"},{"id":73860,"name":"Phonotactics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonotactics?f_ri=73860"},{"id":650351,"name":"Tonal and Laryngeal Phonology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Tonal_and_Laryngeal_Phonology?f_ri=73860"},{"id":737698,"name":"Bribri Culture Costa Rica","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Bribri_Culture_Costa_Rica?f_ri=73860"},{"id":789151,"name":"Tonal Phonetics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Tonal_Phonetics?f_ri=73860"},{"id":1112127,"name":"Chibchan","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chibchan?f_ri=73860"},{"id":1787034,"name":"Bribri language","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Bribri_language?f_ri=73860"},{"id":1848285,"name":"Bribri","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Bribri?f_ri=73860"},{"id":1848286,"name":"Lengua bribri","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Lengua_bribri?f_ri=73860"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_26996469 coauthored" data-work_id="26996469" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/26996469/Phonetic_reduction_perceptual_illusions_and_phonotactic_legality">Phonetic reduction, perceptual illusions, and phonotactic legality</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">This study probed the relationship between automatic phonotactic repair and speech production, by asking whether the repair structure (a prothetic vowel) may be susceptible to reduction in speech. Spanish productively repairs word-initial... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_26996469" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">This study probed the relationship between automatic phonotactic repair and speech production, by asking whether the repair structure (a prothetic vowel) may be susceptible to reduction in speech. Spanish productively repairs word-initial /s/-consonant clusters (henceforth #sC) with a prothetic /e/ in both production and perception. We asked whether the initial vowel in Spanish #esC words like espalda 'back', which matches the default repair vowel, is more prone to reduction than other initial vowels, such as in aspirina 'aspirin'. We explore this question in the speech production of 15 speakers of Andalusian Spanish who produced half #esC and half #asC words in isolation (588 tokens). Outright vowel deletion was uncommon, but was more likely with initial /e/ (5%) than initial /a/ (0.3%, one token). Moreover, when the /s/ was realized with greater duration (cf. the common tendency to lenite syllable-final /s/ in Andalusian), shortening of /e/, but not /a/, was observed. These findings provide evidence that reduction may be enabled when the reduced material can be perceptually repaired, leading to the occurrence of apparently illicit sequences in actual speech, e.g. espalda produced as [spalda]. The influence of articulatory, frequency, and other factors on reduction is also evaluated.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/26996469" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="4eabe1673b5162cf32d67ecfc586a10d" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":47257133,"asset_id":26996469,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/47257133/download_file?st=MTczMjQ1MjAzNCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="57305364" href="https://independent.academia.edu/AlexMcAllister2">Alex McAllister</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="57305364" type="text/json">{"id":57305364,"first_name":"Alex","last_name":"McAllister","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"AlexMcAllister2","display_name":"Alex McAllister","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/AlexMcAllister2?f_ri=73860","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span><span class="u-displayInlineBlock InlineList-item-text"> and <span class="u-textDecorationUnderline u-clickable InlineList-item-text js-work-more-authors-26996469">+1</span><div class="hidden js-additional-users-26996469"><div><span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a href="https://pennstate.academia.edu/MatthewCarlson">Matthew Carlson</a></span></div></div></span><script>(function(){ var popoverSettings = { el: $('.js-work-more-authors-26996469'), placement: 'bottom', hide_delay: 200, html: true, content: function(){ return $('.js-additional-users-26996469').html(); } } new HoverPopover(popoverSettings); })();</script></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_26996469 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="26996469"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 26996469, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_26996469", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_26996469 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 26996469; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_26996469"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_26996469 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="26996469"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 26996469; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=26996469]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_26996469").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_26996469").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="26996469"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">5</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1238" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Spanish">Spanish</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="1238" type="text/json">{"id":1238,"name":"Spanish","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Spanish?f_ri=73860","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="13167" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Laboratory_Experimental_Phonology">Laboratory/Experimental Phonology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="13167" type="text/json">{"id":13167,"name":"Laboratory/Experimental Phonology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Laboratory_Experimental_Phonology?f_ri=73860","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="73860" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonotactics">Phonotactics</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="73860" type="text/json">{"id":73860,"name":"Phonotactics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonotactics?f_ri=73860","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="235144" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonetic_reduction">Phonetic reduction</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="235144" type="text/json">{"id":235144,"name":"Phonetic reduction","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonetic_reduction?f_ri=73860","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=26996469]'), work: {"id":26996469,"title":"Phonetic reduction, perceptual illusions, and phonotactic legality","created_at":"2016-07-14T19:16:34.060-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/26996469/Phonetic_reduction_perceptual_illusions_and_phonotactic_legality?f_ri=73860","dom_id":"work_26996469","summary":"This study probed the relationship between automatic phonotactic repair and speech production, by asking whether the repair structure (a prothetic vowel) may be susceptible to reduction in speech. Spanish productively repairs word-initial /s/-consonant clusters (henceforth #sC) with a prothetic /e/ in both production and perception. We asked whether the initial vowel in Spanish #esC words like espalda 'back', which matches the default repair vowel, is more prone to reduction than other initial vowels, such as in aspirina 'aspirin'. We explore this question in the speech production of 15 speakers of Andalusian Spanish who produced half #esC and half #asC words in isolation (588 tokens). Outright vowel deletion was uncommon, but was more likely with initial /e/ (5%) than initial /a/ (0.3%, one token). Moreover, when the /s/ was realized with greater duration (cf. the common tendency to lenite syllable-final /s/ in Andalusian), shortening of /e/, but not /a/, was observed. These findings provide evidence that reduction may be enabled when the reduced material can be perceptually repaired, leading to the occurrence of apparently illicit sequences in actual speech, e.g. espalda produced as [spalda]. The influence of articulatory, frequency, and other factors on reduction is also evaluated.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":47257133,"asset_id":26996469,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":57305364,"first_name":"Alex","last_name":"McAllister","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"AlexMcAllister2","display_name":"Alex McAllister","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/AlexMcAllister2?f_ri=73860","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"},{"id":355835,"first_name":"Matthew","last_name":"Carlson","domain_name":"pennstate","page_name":"MatthewCarlson","display_name":"Matthew Carlson","profile_url":"https://pennstate.academia.edu/MatthewCarlson?f_ri=73860","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/355835/2712338/3158235/s65_matthew.carlson.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":1238,"name":"Spanish","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Spanish?f_ri=73860","nofollow":false},{"id":13167,"name":"Laboratory/Experimental Phonology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Laboratory_Experimental_Phonology?f_ri=73860","nofollow":false},{"id":73860,"name":"Phonotactics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonotactics?f_ri=73860","nofollow":false},{"id":235144,"name":"Phonetic reduction","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonetic_reduction?f_ri=73860","nofollow":false},{"id":957562,"name":"Perceptual Illusions","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Perceptual_Illusions?f_ri=73860"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_36806235" data-work_id="36806235" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/36806235/Now_you_hear_it_now_you_dont_Malleable_illusory_vowel_effects_in_Spanish_English_bilinguals">Now you hear it, now you don't: Malleable illusory vowel effects in Spanish-English bilinguals</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/36806235" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="b86323b484da1233a46060d629804b8a" rel="nofollow" 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cross-linguistically valid way to recombine known words into new (pseudo-)words, in a way that phonotactic well-formedness is strictly preserved?</div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/70068947" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="b6821a0e43f3d73b653268949e127818" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":79941268,"asset_id":70068947,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" 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href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Computational_Linguistics">Computational Linguistics</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="3268" type="text/json">{"id":3268,"name":"Computational Linguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Computational_Linguistics?f_ri=73860","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="22044" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Computational_Phonology">Computational Phonology</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="22044" type="text/json">{"id":22044,"name":"Computational Phonology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Computational_Phonology?f_ri=73860","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=70068947]'), work: {"id":70068947,"title":"Phonotactic well-formedness is 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Rudaitis","profile_url":"https://vu-lt.academia.edu/IgnasRudaitis?f_ri=73860","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/4493494/14875050/15651619/s65_ignas.rudaitis.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":1239,"name":"Phonology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonology?f_ri=73860","nofollow":false},{"id":2139,"name":"Phonetics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonetics?f_ri=73860","nofollow":false},{"id":3268,"name":"Computational Linguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Computational_Linguistics?f_ri=73860","nofollow":false},{"id":22044,"name":"Computational Phonology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Computational_Phonology?f_ri=73860","nofollow":false},{"id":73860,"name":"Phonotactics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonotactics?f_ri=73860"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_61071526" data-work_id="61071526" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/61071526/The_XYZ_effect_in_phonotactics_manuscript_">The XYZ effect in phonotactics (manuscript)</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest">Could there be a cross-linguistically valid way to recombine known words into new (pseudo-)words, in a way that phonotactic well-formedness is strictly preserved?</div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/61071526" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="05b018e8d1a56f9f4914b3d4d486bffb" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":89359224,"asset_id":61071526,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/89359224/download_file?st=MTczMjQ1MjAzNCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="4493494" href="https://vu-lt.academia.edu/IgnasRudaitis">Ignas Rudaitis</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="4493494" type="text/json">{"id":4493494,"first_name":"Ignas","last_name":"Rudaitis","domain_name":"vu-lt","page_name":"IgnasRudaitis","display_name":"Ignas Rudaitis","profile_url":"https://vu-lt.academia.edu/IgnasRudaitis?f_ri=73860","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/4493494/14875050/15651619/s65_ignas.rudaitis.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_61071526 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="61071526"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 61071526, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_61071526", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_61071526 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=61071526]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_61071526").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_61071526").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="61071526"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">5</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1200" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Languages_and_Linguistics">Languages and Linguistics</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="1200" type="text/json">{"id":1200,"name":"Languages and Linguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Languages_and_Linguistics?f_ri=73860","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1239" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonology">Phonology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="1239" type="text/json">{"id":1239,"name":"Phonology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonology?f_ri=73860","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="3268" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Computational_Linguistics">Computational Linguistics</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="3268" type="text/json">{"id":3268,"name":"Computational Linguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Computational_Linguistics?f_ri=73860","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="22044" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Computational_Phonology">Computational Phonology</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="22044" type="text/json">{"id":22044,"name":"Computational Phonology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Computational_Phonology?f_ri=73860","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=61071526]'), work: {"id":61071526,"title":"The XYZ effect in phonotactics (manuscript)","created_at":"2021-11-05T14:37:46.885-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/61071526/The_XYZ_effect_in_phonotactics_manuscript_?f_ri=73860","dom_id":"work_61071526","summary":"Could there be a cross-linguistically valid way to recombine known words into new (pseudo-)words, in a way that phonotactic well-formedness is strictly preserved?","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":89359224,"asset_id":61071526,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":4493494,"first_name":"Ignas","last_name":"Rudaitis","domain_name":"vu-lt","page_name":"IgnasRudaitis","display_name":"Ignas Rudaitis","profile_url":"https://vu-lt.academia.edu/IgnasRudaitis?f_ri=73860","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/4493494/14875050/15651619/s65_ignas.rudaitis.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":1200,"name":"Languages and Linguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Languages_and_Linguistics?f_ri=73860","nofollow":false},{"id":1239,"name":"Phonology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonology?f_ri=73860","nofollow":false},{"id":3268,"name":"Computational Linguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Computational_Linguistics?f_ri=73860","nofollow":false},{"id":22044,"name":"Computational Phonology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Computational_Phonology?f_ri=73860","nofollow":false},{"id":73860,"name":"Phonotactics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonotactics?f_ri=73860"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_38319586 coauthored" data-work_id="38319586" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/38319586/On_the_ordering_of_elements_in_ideophonic_echo_words_versus_prosaic_dvandva_compounds_with_special_reference_to_Korean_and_Japanese">On the ordering of elements in ideophonic echo-words versus prosaic dvandva compounds, with special reference to Korean and Japanese</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Building on Childs’s (Pragmat Soc 5(3):341–354, 2014) proposal that skewed phonotactic distributions provide a legitimate resource for expressiveness in ideophones, often described as iconic words, this study examines whether there are... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_38319586" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Building on Childs’s (Pragmat Soc 5(3):341–354, 2014) proposal that skewed phonotactic distributions provide a legitimate resource for expressiveness in ideophones, often described as iconic words, this study examines whether there are differences in element ordering between ideophonic echo-words and prosaic dvandva compounds, with special reference to Korean and Japanese. Measured against Cooper and Ross’s (in: Papers from the parasession on functionalism, Chicago Linguistic Society, Chicago, pp 63–111, 1975) claimed-to-be-universal phonological constraints for the ordering of conjoined elements pertaining to element-initial consonants and vowels, the study reveals that both Korean and Japanese data comply with the constraints in general. However, in Korean, echo-words are significantly different from dvandva compounds in their compliance with the consonant constraint while they are not so with the vowel constraint. In reverse, echo-words and dvandva compounds in Japanese show a significant difference in their compliance with the vowel constraint but not with the consonant constraint. The findings provide quantitative evidence for the cross-linguistic applicability of the proposed phonological principles for element ordering and the language-specific phonotactic deviance of ideophones vis-à-vis the matrix language for the preferred ordering patterns.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/38319586" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="733f2c97d3e9944c4159a8145549032a" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":58369124,"asset_id":38319586,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/58369124/download_file?st=MTczMjQ1MjAzNCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="89752163" href="https://chuo-u.academia.edu/KeikoMasuda">Keiko Masuda</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="89752163" type="text/json">{"id":89752163,"first_name":"Keiko","last_name":"Masuda","domain_name":"chuo-u","page_name":"KeikoMasuda","display_name":"Keiko Masuda","profile_url":"https://chuo-u.academia.edu/KeikoMasuda?f_ri=73860","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span><span class="u-displayInlineBlock InlineList-item-text"> and <span class="u-textDecorationUnderline u-clickable InlineList-item-text js-work-more-authors-38319586">+1</span><div class="hidden js-additional-users-38319586"><div><span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a href="https://independent.academia.edu/NahyunKwon3">Nahyun Kwon</a></span></div></div></span><script>(function(){ var popoverSettings = { el: $('.js-work-more-authors-38319586'), placement: 'bottom', hide_delay: 200, html: true, content: function(){ return $('.js-additional-users-38319586').html(); 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container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_38319586 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="38319586"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 38319586; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=38319586]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_38319586").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_38319586").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="38319586"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">5</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2389" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Japanese_Linguistics">Japanese Linguistics</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="2389" type="text/json">{"id":2389,"name":"Japanese Linguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Japanese_Linguistics?f_ri=73860","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="11288" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Korean_linguistics">Korean linguistics</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="11288" type="text/json">{"id":11288,"name":"Korean linguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Korean_linguistics?f_ri=73860","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="17640" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ideophones">Ideophones</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="17640" type="text/json">{"id":17640,"name":"Ideophones","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ideophones?f_ri=73860","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="73860" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonotactics">Phonotactics</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="73860" type="text/json">{"id":73860,"name":"Phonotactics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonotactics?f_ri=73860","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=38319586]'), work: {"id":38319586,"title":"On the ordering of elements in ideophonic echo-words versus prosaic dvandva compounds, with special reference to Korean and Japanese","created_at":"2019-02-09T18:28:30.250-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/38319586/On_the_ordering_of_elements_in_ideophonic_echo_words_versus_prosaic_dvandva_compounds_with_special_reference_to_Korean_and_Japanese?f_ri=73860","dom_id":"work_38319586","summary":"Building on Childs’s (Pragmat Soc 5(3):341–354, 2014) proposal that skewed phonotactic distributions provide a legitimate resource for expressiveness in ideophones, often described as iconic words, this study examines whether there are differences in element ordering between ideophonic echo-words and prosaic dvandva compounds, with special reference to Korean and Japanese. Measured against Cooper and Ross’s (in: Papers from the parasession on functionalism, Chicago Linguistic Society, Chicago, pp 63–111, 1975) claimed-to-be-universal phonological constraints for the ordering of conjoined elements pertaining to element-initial consonants and vowels, the study reveals that both Korean and Japanese data comply with the constraints in general. However, in Korean, echo-words are significantly different from dvandva compounds in their compliance with the consonant constraint while they are not so with the vowel constraint. In reverse, echo-words and dvandva compounds in Japanese show a significant difference in their compliance with the vowel constraint but not with the consonant constraint. The findings provide quantitative evidence for the cross-linguistic applicability of the proposed phonological principles for element ordering and the language-specific phonotactic deviance of ideophones vis-à-vis the matrix language for the preferred ordering patterns.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":58369124,"asset_id":38319586,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":89752163,"first_name":"Keiko","last_name":"Masuda","domain_name":"chuo-u","page_name":"KeikoMasuda","display_name":"Keiko Masuda","profile_url":"https://chuo-u.academia.edu/KeikoMasuda?f_ri=73860","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"},{"id":702803,"first_name":"Nahyun","last_name":"Kwon","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"NahyunKwon3","display_name":"Nahyun Kwon","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/NahyunKwon3?f_ri=73860","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/702803/240577/284477/s65_nahyun.kwon.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":2389,"name":"Japanese Linguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Japanese_Linguistics?f_ri=73860","nofollow":false},{"id":11288,"name":"Korean linguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Korean_linguistics?f_ri=73860","nofollow":false},{"id":17640,"name":"Ideophones","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ideophones?f_ri=73860","nofollow":false},{"id":73860,"name":"Phonotactics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonotactics?f_ri=73860","nofollow":false},{"id":144933,"name":"Compounding","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Compounding?f_ri=73860"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_8570096" data-work_id="8570096" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/8570096/Icelandic_meets_licensing_scales_preprint_">Icelandic meets licensing scales (preprint)</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">One of the peculiarities of Icelandic phonotactics is that the inventory of two-member onsets found word-initially is quite big, but the same clusters appear to be parsed word-internally as coda-onset clusters (as evidenced by the absence... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_8570096" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">One of the peculiarities of Icelandic phonotactics is that the inventory of two-member onsets found word-initially is quite big, but the same clusters appear to be parsed word-internally as coda-onset clusters (as evidenced by the absence of tonic lengthening and by coda lenition phenomena). In order to explain this mismatch it will be proposed that the initial nuclei are always headed in Icelandic and that they have a bigger licensing potential than non-initial nuclei, which are obligatorily headless. Loanwords are exempt from this constraint – they may host headed vowels in non-initial positions, which exerts influence on the preceding consonant. The adopted theoretical framework will be a blend of Strict CV (Scheer 2004, 2012) with the Complexity Scales and Licensing model (Cyran 2003, 2010).</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/8570096" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="968e6db90ec38b1a4ce15f0e5555a674" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":34941020,"asset_id":8570096,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/34941020/download_file?st=MTczMjQ1MjAzNCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="911146" href="https://lmu-munich.academia.edu/MarcinFortuna">Marcin Fortuna</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="911146" type="text/json">{"id":911146,"first_name":"Marcin","last_name":"Fortuna","domain_name":"lmu-munich","page_name":"MarcinFortuna","display_name":"Marcin Fortuna","profile_url":"https://lmu-munich.academia.edu/MarcinFortuna?f_ri=73860","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/911146/76295730/64818126/s65_marcin.fortuna.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_8570096 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="8570096"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 8570096, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_8570096", }); 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In order to explain this mismatch it will be proposed that the initial nuclei are always headed in Icelandic and that they have a bigger licensing potential than non-initial nuclei, which are obligatorily headless. Loanwords are exempt from this constraint – they may host headed vowels in non-initial positions, which exerts influence on the preceding consonant. The adopted theoretical framework will be a blend of Strict CV (Scheer 2004, 2012) with the Complexity Scales and Licensing model (Cyran 2003, 2010). ","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":34941020,"asset_id":8570096,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":911146,"first_name":"Marcin","last_name":"Fortuna","domain_name":"lmu-munich","page_name":"MarcinFortuna","display_name":"Marcin Fortuna","profile_url":"https://lmu-munich.academia.edu/MarcinFortuna?f_ri=73860","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/911146/76295730/64818126/s65_marcin.fortuna.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":1239,"name":"Phonology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonology?f_ri=73860","nofollow":false},{"id":8468,"name":"Nordic languages","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Nordic_languages?f_ri=73860","nofollow":false},{"id":15106,"name":"Scandinavian languages","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Scandinavian_languages?f_ri=73860","nofollow":false},{"id":19810,"name":"Theoretical 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Language","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Modern_Icelandic_Language?f_ri=73860"},{"id":691519,"name":"CVCV Theory","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/CVCV_Theory?f_ri=73860"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_4806276" data-work_id="4806276" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/4806276/Phonotactic_acquisition_in_healthy_preterm_infants">Phonotactic acquisition in healthy preterm infants</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/4806276" 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linguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/English_language_and_linguistics?f_ri=73860"},{"id":73860,"name":"Phonotactics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonotactics?f_ri=73860"},{"id":144922,"name":"Syllable Structure","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Syllable_Structure?f_ri=73860"},{"id":318978,"name":"The Sonority of Sound's Effect on Syllable","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/The_Sonority_of_Sounds_Effect_on_Syllable?f_ri=73860"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_31644648" data-work_id="31644648" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/31644648/The_Contested_Fifth_Liquid_in_Malayalam_A_Window_into_the_Lateral_Rhotic_Relationship_in_Dravidian_Languages">The Contested Fifth Liquid in Malayalam: A Window into the Lateral-Rhotic Relationship in Dravidian Languages</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Apart from Tamil, Malayalam is the only Dravidian language that still retains a fifth liquid in its inventory (denoted as /ʐ/), a sound that can be traced back to Proto-Dravidian. The phonetic and phonological status of this sound has... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_31644648" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Apart from Tamil, Malayalam is the only Dravidian language that still retains a fifth liquid in its inventory (denoted as /ʐ/), a sound that can be traced back to Proto-Dravidian. The phonetic and phonological status of this sound has been the subject of considerable debate, both in terms of its rhotic versus lateral status and its phonetic realisation. Studies to date have been impressionistic, so this is the first acoustic study of all five liquids in Malayalam. Production data from 8 male speakers reveal that while /ʐ/ is realised as a central post-alveolar approximant, its ambiguous phonotactic patterning and mixed acoustic profile are contributors to its mixed identity. An understanding of the complex patterning of this sound, which straddles the rhotic/lateral divide, requires an appreciation of the role of secondary acoustic resonance in distinguishing members of a crowded liquid system and in preventing a /ʐ/-/ɭ/ merger.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/31644648" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="39c3ccbac09ab04b6a9e9e06287ec80f" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":55185078,"asset_id":31644648,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/55185078/download_file?st=MTczMjQ1MjAzNCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="7770292" href="https://cnrs-bellevue.academia.edu/JalalAlTamimi">Jalal Al-Tamimi</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="7770292" type="text/json">{"id":7770292,"first_name":"Jalal","last_name":"Al-Tamimi","domain_name":"cnrs-bellevue","page_name":"JalalAlTamimi","display_name":"Jalal Al-Tamimi","profile_url":"https://cnrs-bellevue.academia.edu/JalalAlTamimi?f_ri=73860","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/7770292/2853117/71615450/s65_jalal.al-tamimi.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_31644648 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="31644648"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 31644648, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_31644648", }); 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The phonetic and phonological status of this sound has been the subject of considerable debate, both in terms of its rhotic versus lateral status and its phonetic realisation. Studies to date have been impressionistic, so this is the first acoustic study of all five liquids in Malayalam. Production data from 8 male speakers reveal that while /ʐ/ is realised as a central post-alveolar approximant, its ambiguous phonotactic patterning and mixed acoustic profile are contributors to its mixed identity. An understanding of the complex patterning of this sound, which straddles the rhotic/lateral divide, requires an appreciation of the role of secondary acoustic resonance in distinguishing members of a crowded liquid system and in preventing a /ʐ/-/ɭ/ merger.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":55185078,"asset_id":31644648,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":7770292,"first_name":"Jalal","last_name":"Al-Tamimi","domain_name":"cnrs-bellevue","page_name":"JalalAlTamimi","display_name":"Jalal Al-Tamimi","profile_url":"https://cnrs-bellevue.academia.edu/JalalAlTamimi?f_ri=73860","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/7770292/2853117/71615450/s65_jalal.al-tamimi.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":2139,"name":"Phonetics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonetics?f_ri=73860","nofollow":false},{"id":8056,"name":"Speech 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felfedezése a felső nyelvállásúak körében: nyelvtörténeti lehetőségek pedzegetése.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":56521999,"asset_id":36594097,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":2404171,"first_name":"Fejes","last_name":"László","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"FejesLászló","display_name":"Fejes László","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/FejesL%C3%A1szl%C3%B3?f_ri=73860","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/2404171/754969/59915102/s65_fejes.l_szl_.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":23972,"name":"Vowel harmony","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Vowel_harmony?f_ri=73860","nofollow":false},{"id":44724,"name":"Morphophonology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Morphophonology?f_ri=73860","nofollow":false},{"id":73860,"name":"Phonotactics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonotactics?f_ri=73860","nofollow":false},{"id":287760,"name":"Samoyedic 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