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[o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Skrá inn</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Síður fyrir útskráða notendur <a href="/wiki/Hj%C3%A1lp:Introduction" aria-label="Læra meira um breytingar"><span>Læra meira</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Kerfiss%C3%AD%C3%B0a:Framl%C3%B6g_m%C3%ADn" title="Listi yfir breytingar frá þessu IP-staðfangi [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Framlög</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Kerfiss%C3%AD%C3%B0a:Spjallas%C3%AD%C3%B0a_m%C3%ADn" title="Spjall um breytingar frá þessu IP-staðfangi [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Spjall</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Vefsíða"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Efni" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Efni</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">færa í hliðarstiku</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">fela</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Byrjun</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Hlutverk_hjálparsagna" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Hlutverk_hjálparsagna"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Hlutverk hjálparsagna</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Hlutverk_hjálparsagna-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Dæmi" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Dæmi"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Dæmi</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Dæmi-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Óeiginlegar_hjálparsagnir" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Óeiginlegar_hjálparsagnir"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Óeiginlegar hjálparsagnir</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Óeiginlegar_hjálparsagnir-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Tengt_efni" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Tengt_efni"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Tengt efni</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Tengt_efni-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Efni" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Sýna/fela efnisyfirlit" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Sýna/fela efnisyfirlit</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Hjálparsögn</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Fara á grein á öðru tungumáli. Til staðar á 44 tungumálum" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-44" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">44 tungumál</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hulpwerkwoord" title="Hulpwerkwoord – afríkanska" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Hulpwerkwoord" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="afríkanska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hilfsverb" title="Hilfsverb – svissnesk þýska" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Hilfsverb" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="svissnesk þýska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Verbo_auxiliar" title="Verbo auxiliar – aragonska" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Verbo auxiliar" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="aragonska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Verb-skoazella%C3%B1" title="Verb-skoazellañ – bretónska" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Verb-skoazellañ" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="bretónska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Verb_auxiliar" title="Verb auxiliar – katalónska" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Verb auxiliar" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="katalónska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pomocn%C3%A9_sloveso" title="Pomocné sloveso – tékkneska" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Pomocné sloveso" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="tékkneska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hj%C3%A6lpeudsagnsord" title="Hjælpeudsagnsord – danska" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Hjælpeudsagnsord" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="danska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hilfsverb" title="Hilfsverb – þýska" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Hilfsverb" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="þýska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%92%CE%BF%CE%B7%CE%B8%CE%B7%CF%84%CE%B9%CE%BA%CF%8C_%CF%81%CE%AE%CE%BC%CE%B1" title="Βοηθητικό ρήμα – gríska" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Βοηθητικό ρήμα" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="gríska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Auxiliary_verb" title="Auxiliary verb – enska" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Auxiliary verb" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="enska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Verbo_auxiliar" title="Verbo auxiliar – spænska" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Verbo auxiliar" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="spænska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abitegus%C3%B5na" title="Abitegusõna – eistneska" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Abitegusõna" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="eistneska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aditz_laguntzaile" title="Aditz laguntzaile – baskneska" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Aditz laguntzaile" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="baskneska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%81%D8%B9%D9%84_%DA%A9%D9%85%DA%A9%DB%8C" title="فعل کمکی – persneska" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="فعل کمکی" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="persneska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apuverbi" title="Apuverbi – finnska" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Apuverbi" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="finnska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Verbe_auxiliaire" title="Verbe auxiliaire – franska" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Verbe auxiliaire" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="franska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helptiidwurd" title="Helptiidwurd – vesturfrísneska" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Helptiidwurd" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="vesturfrísneska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Briathar_c%C3%BAnta" title="Briathar cúnta – írska" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Briathar cúnta" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="írska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A4%D7%95%D7%A2%D7%9C_%D7%A2%D7%96%D7%A8" title="פועל עזר – hebreska" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="פועל עזר" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="hebreska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seg%C3%A9dige" title="Segédige – ungverska" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Segédige" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="ungverska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%95%D5%AA%D5%A1%D5%B6%D5%A4%D5%A1%D5%AF_%D5%A2%D5%A1%D5%B5" title="Օժանդակ բայ – armenska" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Օժանդակ բայ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="armenska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kata_kerja_bantu" title="Kata kerja bantu – indónesíska" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Kata kerja bantu" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indónesíska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Verbo_ausiliare" title="Verbo ausiliare – ítalska" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Verbo ausiliare" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="ítalska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%8A%A9%E5%8B%95%E8%A9%9E_(%E8%A8%80%E8%AA%9E%E5%AD%A6)" title="助動詞 (言語学) – japanska" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="助動詞 (言語学)" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="japanska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%A1%B0%EB%8F%99%EC%82%AC" title="조동사 – kóreska" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="조동사" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="kóreska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Matoanteny_mpanampy" title="Matoanteny mpanampy – malagasíska" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Matoanteny mpanampy" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="malagasíska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%BE%D1%88%D0%B5%D0%BD_%D0%B3%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%BB" title="Помошен глагол – makedónska" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Помошен глагол" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="makedónska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hulpwerkwoord" title="Hulpwerkwoord – hollenska" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Hulpwerkwoord" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="hollenska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hjelpeverb" title="Hjelpeverb – nýnorska" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Hjelpeverb" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="nýnorska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hjelpeverb" title="Hjelpeverb – norskt bókmál" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Hjelpeverb" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="norskt bókmál" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Czasownik_posi%C5%82kowy" title="Czasownik posiłkowy – pólska" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Czasownik posiłkowy" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="pólska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Verbo_auxiliar" title="Verbo auxiliar – portúgalska" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Verbo auxiliar" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portúgalska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Verb_auxiliar" title="Verb auxiliar – rúmenska" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Verb auxiliar" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="rúmenska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D1%81%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B9_%D0%B3%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%BB" title="Вспомогательный глагол – rússneska" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Вспомогательный глагол" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="rússneska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Verbu_Ausiliari" title="Verbu Ausiliari – sikileyska" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Verbu Ausiliari" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="sikileyska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Auxiliary_verb" title="Auxiliary verb – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Auxiliary verb" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pomo%C5%BEni_glagol" title="Pomožni glagol – slóvenska" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Pomožni glagol" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="slóvenska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Folja_ndihm%C3%ABse" title="Folja ndihmëse – albanska" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Folja ndihmëse" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="albanska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hj%C3%A4lpverb" title="Hjälpverb – sænska" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Hjälpverb" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="sænska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kitenzi_kikuu_kisaidizi" title="Kitenzi kikuu kisaidizi – svahílí" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Kitenzi kikuu kisaidizi" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="svahílí" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%A4%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%A3%E0%AF%88%E0%AE%B5%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%A9%E0%AF%88" title="துணைவினை – tamílska" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="துணைவினை" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="tamílska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Auxiliary_verb" title="Auxiliary verb – tyrkneska" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Auxiliary verb" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="tyrkneska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%8A%A9%E5%8B%95%E8%A9%9E" title="助動詞 – kínverska" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="助動詞" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="kínverska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%8A%A9%E5%8B%95%E8%A9%9E" title="助動詞 – kantónska" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="助動詞" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="kantónska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q465800#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Breyta tungumálatenglum" class="wbc-editpage">Breyta tenglum</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Nafnrými"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Hj%C3%A1lpars%C3%B6gn" title="Sýna efnissíðuna [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Síða</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="new vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Spjall:Hj%C3%A1lpars%C3%B6gn&action=edit&redlink=1" rel="discussion" class="new" title="Spallsíða þessarar síðu (síða er ekki enn til) [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Spjall</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div 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class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Auxiliary_verbs" hreflang="en"><span>Wikimedia Commons</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q465800" title="Tengill á tengdan hlut í gagnagrunni [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Wikidata hlutur</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Síðuverkfæri"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Útlit"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance 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alfræðiritinu</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="is" dir="ltr"><p><b>Hjálparsögn</b> eða <b>hjálparsagnorð </b>er hugtak í <a href="/wiki/M%C3%A1lfr%C3%A6%C3%B0i" title="Málfræði">málfræði</a> sem notar er til að lýsa <a href="/wiki/S%C3%B6gn" title="Sögn">sögnum</a>. Ef tvær sagnir standa saman í <a href="/wiki/Setning" class="mw-redirect" title="Setning">setningu</a> og mynda heild þá er önnur sögnin kölluð <a href="/wiki/A%C3%B0als%C3%B6gn" title="Aðalsögn">aðalsögn</a> en hin hjálparsögn. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Hlutverk_hjálparsagna"><span id="Hlutverk_hj.C3.A1lparsagna"></span>Hlutverk hjálparsagna</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hj%C3%A1lpars%C3%B6gn&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Breyti hluta: Hlutverk hjálparsagna" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>breyta</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hj%C3%A1lpars%C3%B6gn&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section's source code: Hlutverk hjálparsagna"><span>breyta frumkóða</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Hjálparsagnir eins og nafnið gefur til kynna, hjálpa <a href="/wiki/A%C3%B0als%C3%B6gn" title="Aðalsögn">aðalsögninni</a> að útskýra eitthvað; eins og til dæmis tíma. Hjálparsagnir geta aldrei staðið einar án aðalsagnar. Hjálparsagnir þurfa ekki alltaf að standa við hlið aðalsagna og oft er fleiri en ein hjálparsögn notuð. </p><p>Hjálparsagnir bera ekki sjálfstæða merkingu. Nokkrar algengar íslenskar hjálparsagnir eru; <i>hafa</i>, <i>vera</i>, <i>verða</i> og <i>munu</i>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Dæmi"><span id="D.C3.A6mi"></span>Dæmi</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hj%C3%A1lpars%C3%B6gn&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Breyti hluta: Dæmi" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>breyta</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hj%C3%A1lpars%C3%B6gn&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section's source code: Dæmi"><span>breyta frumkóða</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Í eftirfarandi dæmum eru <b>feitletruðu sagnirnar</b> hjálparsagnir; </p> <ul><li><i>Maðurinn <b>er</b> farinn.</i></li> <li><i><b>Hefur</b> maðurinn farið?</i></li> <li><i>Ég vil <b>verða</b> kennari.</i></li> <li><i>Hann <b>mun</b> vera sætur.</i></li> <li><i>Hann <b>er</b> líklega farinn.</i></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Óeiginlegar_hjálparsagnir"><span id=".C3.93eiginlegar_hj.C3.A1lparsagnir"></span>Óeiginlegar hjálparsagnir</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hj%C3%A1lpars%C3%B6gn&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Breyti hluta: Óeiginlegar hjálparsagnir" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>breyta</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hj%C3%A1lpars%C3%B6gn&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section's source code: Óeiginlegar hjálparsagnir"><span>breyta frumkóða</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Óeiginlegar hjálparsagnir eru lítið notaðar nútildags, en þær voru fyrrum notaðar til þess að mynda samsetta nútíð eða þátíð. Við það missa þær venjulega merkingu sína. Algengt var að hafa óeiginlegar hjálparsagnir í gömlum kveðskap, og eimdi lengi eftir af því. Taldist stundum tækilegur kostur að grípa til þeirra ef <a href="/wiki/R%C3%ADm" title="Rím">rím</a> eða <a href="/wiki/Hrynjandi" title="Hrynjandi">hrynjandi</a> þótti krefjast þess. <i>Vinna</i>, <i>ráða</i>, <i>nema</i> og <i>gera</i> voru tíðar sem óeiginlegar hjálparsagnir. </p> <ul><li>Dæmi:</li></ul> <dl><dd>Ég veit</dd> <dd>eina baugalínu</dd> <dd>af henni tendrast <b>vann</b>... (<a href="/wiki/Stef%C3%A1n_%C3%93lafsson" class="mw-disambig" title="Stefán Ólafsson">Stefán Ólafsson</a>) <dl><dd>Tendrast vann = tendraðist.</dd></dl></dd></dl> <ul><li>Dæmi:</li></ul> <dl><dd>Efalaust sá öðlingsmann</dd> <dd>árið það <b>nam</b> deyja.</dd> <dd><b>Kunnu</b> margir kenna þann</dd> <dd>Kaupmann Vestmannaeyja. (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Una_J%C3%B3nsd%C3%B3ttir&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Una Jónsdóttir (síða er ekki enn til)">Una Jónsdóttir</a>) <dl><dd>Nam deyja = dó; kunnu kenna = kenndu (þekktu).</dd></dl></dd></dl> <ul><li>Dæmi:</li></ul> <dl><dd>Þetta, sem helst nú varast <b>vann</b></dd> <dd>varð þó að koma yfir hann. 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