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mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Corepressor</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. 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href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Correpressor" title="Correpressor – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Correpressor" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Corepressor" title="Corepressor – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Corepressor" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Correpresor" title="Correpresor – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Correpresor" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Correpresor" title="Correpresor – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Correpresor" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%B3%E3%83%AA%E3%83%97%E3%83%AC%E3%83%83%E3%82%B5%E3%83%BC" title="コリプレッサー – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="コリプレッサー" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%81%D0%BE%D1%80" title="Корепрессор – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Корепрессор" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li> </ul> <div 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searchaux" style="display:none">Molecule that represses the expression of genes</div> <p>In <a href="/wiki/Genetics" title="Genetics">genetics</a> and <a href="/wiki/Molecular_biology" title="Molecular biology">molecular biology</a>, a <b>corepressor</b> is a molecule that represses the <a href="/wiki/Gene_expression" title="Gene expression">expression</a> of <a href="/wiki/Gene" title="Gene">genes</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In <a href="/wiki/Prokaryote" title="Prokaryote">prokaryotes</a>, corepressors are <a href="/wiki/Small_molecule" title="Small molecule">small molecules</a> whereas in <a href="/wiki/Eukaryote" title="Eukaryote">eukaryotes</a>, corepressors are <a href="/wiki/Protein" title="Protein">proteins</a>. A corepressor does not directly bind to <a href="/wiki/DNA" title="DNA">DNA</a>, but instead indirectly regulates gene expression by binding to <a href="/wiki/Repressor" title="Repressor">repressors</a>. </p><p>A corepressor <a href="/wiki/Downregulation_and_upregulation" title="Downregulation and upregulation">downregulates</a> (or represses) the expression of genes by binding to and activating a repressor <a href="/wiki/Transcription_factor" title="Transcription factor">transcription factor</a>. The repressor in turn binds to a gene's <a href="/wiki/Operator_(biology)" class="mw-redirect" title="Operator (biology)">operator</a> sequence (segment of <a href="/wiki/DNA" title="DNA">DNA</a> to which a transcription factor binds to regulate gene expression), thereby blocking transcription of that gene. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Purple_Corepressor_Transcription_Factor_Complex_on_DNA.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Purple_Corepressor_Transcription_Factor_Complex_on_DNA.png/220px-Purple_Corepressor_Transcription_Factor_Complex_on_DNA.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="80" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Purple_Corepressor_Transcription_Factor_Complex_on_DNA.png/330px-Purple_Corepressor_Transcription_Factor_Complex_on_DNA.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Purple_Corepressor_Transcription_Factor_Complex_on_DNA.png/440px-Purple_Corepressor_Transcription_Factor_Complex_on_DNA.png 2x" data-file-width="573" data-file-height="208" /></a><figcaption>Corepressor Transcription Factor Complex on Regulatory Element</figcaption></figure> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Function">Function</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Corepressor&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Function"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Prokaryotes">Prokaryotes</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Corepressor&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Prokaryotes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In <a href="/wiki/Prokaryote" title="Prokaryote">prokaryotes</a>, the term corepressor is used to denote the activating <a href="/wiki/Ligand_(biochemistry)" title="Ligand (biochemistry)">ligand</a> of a <a href="/wiki/Repressor" title="Repressor">repressor</a> protein. For example, the <i><a href="/wiki/Escherichia_coli" title="Escherichia coli">E. coli</a></i> <a href="/wiki/Tryptophan_repressor" title="Tryptophan repressor">tryptophan repressor</a> (TrpR) is only able to bind to DNA and repress transcription of the <a href="/wiki/Trp_operon" title="Trp operon"><i>trp</i> operon</a> when its corepressor <a href="/wiki/Tryptophan" title="Tryptophan">tryptophan</a> is bound to it. TrpR in the absence of tryptophan is known as an aporepressor and is inactive in repressing gene transcription.<sup id="cite_ref-pmid9022683_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pmid9022683-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Trp operon encodes enzymes responsible for the synthesis of tryptophan. Hence TrpR provides a <a href="/wiki/Negative_feedback" title="Negative feedback">negative feedback</a> mechanism that regulates the <a href="/wiki/Biosynthesis" title="Biosynthesis">biosynthesis</a> of tryptophan. </p><p>In short tryptophan acts as a corepressor for its own biosynthesis.<sup id="cite_ref-isbn0-393-93447-0_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-isbn0-393-93447-0-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Eukaryotes">Eukaryotes</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Corepressor&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Eukaryotes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In <a href="/wiki/Eukaryote" title="Eukaryote">eukaryotes</a>, a corepressor is a protein that binds to <a href="/wiki/Transcription_factor" title="Transcription factor">transcription factors</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-pmid9806345_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pmid9806345-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In the absence of corepressors and in the presence of <a href="/wiki/Coactivator" class="mw-redirect" title="Coactivator">coactivators</a>, transcription factors upregulate gene expression. Coactivators and corepressors compete for the same binding sites on transcription factors. A second mechanism by which corepressors may repress transcriptional <a href="/wiki/Transcription_(genetics)#Initiation" class="mw-redirect" title="Transcription (genetics)">initiation</a> when bound to transcription factor/DNA complexes is by recruiting <a href="/wiki/Histone_deacetylase" title="Histone deacetylase">histone deacetylases</a> which <a href="/wiki/Catalysis" title="Catalysis">catalyze</a> the removal of <a href="/wiki/Acetyl" class="mw-redirect" title="Acetyl">acetyl</a> groups from <a href="/wiki/Lysine" title="Lysine">lysine</a> residues. This increases the positive charge on <a href="/wiki/Histone" title="Histone">histones</a> which strengthens the <a href="/wiki/Electrostatics" title="Electrostatics">electrostatic</a> attraction between the positively charged histones and negatively charged DNA, making the DNA less accessible for transcription.<sup id="cite_ref-Lazar_2003_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Lazar_2003-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Goodson_2005_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Goodson_2005-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In humans several dozen to several hundred corepressors are known, depending on the level of confidence with which the characterisation of a protein as a corepressors can be made.<sup id="cite_ref-pmid20965969_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pmid20965969-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Examples_of_corepressors">Examples of corepressors</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Corepressor&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Examples of corepressors"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="NCoR">NCoR</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Corepressor&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: NCoR"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Nuclear_receptor_co-repressor_1" title="Nuclear receptor co-repressor 1">NCoR</a> (nuclear receptor co-repressor) directly binds to the D and E domains of nuclear receptors and represses their transcriptional activity.<sup id="cite_ref-:14_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:14-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:15_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:15-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:16_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:16-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Class I <a href="/wiki/Histone_deacetylase#:~:text=Histone_deacetylases_(EC_3.5.1.98,_HDAC)_are_a_class,DNA_expression_is_regulated_by_acetylation_and_de-acetylation." title="Histone deacetylase">histone deacetylases</a> are recruited by NCoR through SIN3, and NCoR directly binds to class II <a href="/wiki/Histone_deacetylase#:~:text=Histone_deacetylases_(EC_3.5.1.98,_HDAC)_are_a_class,DNA_expression_is_regulated_by_acetylation_and_de-acetylation." title="Histone deacetylase">histone deacetylases</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:14_8-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:14-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:16_10-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:16-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Silencing_mediator_for_retinoid_and_thyroid-hormone_receptor">Silencing mediator for retinoid and thyroid-hormone receptor</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Corepressor&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Silencing mediator for retinoid and thyroid-hormone receptor"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Nuclear_receptor_co-repressor_2" title="Nuclear receptor co-repressor 2">SMRT</a> (silencing mediator of retinoic acid and thyroid hormone receptor), also known as <a href="/wiki/Nuclear_receptor_co-repressor_2" title="Nuclear receptor co-repressor 2">NCoR2</a>, is an alternatively spliced <a href="/wiki/Nuclear_receptor_coactivator_1" title="Nuclear receptor coactivator 1">SRC-1</a>(steroid receptor coactivator-1).<sup id="cite_ref-:14_8-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:14-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:15_9-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:15-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It is negatively and positively affected by MAPKKK (mitogen activated protein kinase kinase kinase) and casein kinase 2 phosphorylation, respectively.<sup id="cite_ref-:14_8-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:14-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> SMRT has two major mechanisms: first, similar to NCoR, SMRT also recruits class I <a href="/wiki/Histone_deacetylase#:~:text=Histone_deacetylases_(EC_3.5.1.98,_HDAC)_are_a_class,DNA_expression_is_regulated_by_acetylation_and_de-acetylation." title="Histone deacetylase">histone deacetylases</a> through SIN3 and directly binds to class II <a href="/wiki/Histone_deacetylase#:~:text=Histone_deacetylases_(EC_3.5.1.98,_HDAC)_are_a_class,DNA_expression_is_regulated_by_acetylation_and_de-acetylation." title="Histone deacetylase">histone deacetylases</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:14_8-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:14-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Second, it binds and sequesters components of the general transcriptional machinery, such as <a href="/wiki/Transcription_factor_II_B" title="Transcription factor II B">transcription factor II B</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:14_8-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:14-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:16_10-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:16-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Role_in_biological_processes">Role in biological processes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Corepressor&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Role in biological processes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Corepressors are known to regulate transcription through different activation and inactivation states.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:1_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>NCoR and <a href="/wiki/Nuclear_receptor_co-repressor_2" title="Nuclear receptor co-repressor 2">SMRT</a> act as a corepressor complex to regulate transcription by becoming activated once the ligand is bound.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_12-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:1_13-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:2_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:3_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:3-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Knockouts of NCoR resulted in embryo death, indicating its importance in erythrocytic, thymic, and neural system development.<sup id="cite_ref-:3_15-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:3-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:4_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:4-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Mutations in certain corepressors can result in deregulation of signals.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_13-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Nuclear_receptor_co-repressor_2" title="Nuclear receptor co-repressor 2">SMRT</a> contributes to cardiac muscle development, with knockouts of the complex resulting in less developed muscle and improper development.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_13-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>NCoR has also been found to be an important checkpoint in processes such as inflammation and <a href="/wiki/Macrophage" title="Macrophage">macrophage</a> activation.<sup id="cite_ref-:3_15-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:3-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Recent evidence also suggests the role of corepressor <a href="/wiki/NRIP1" title="NRIP1">RIP140</a> in metabolic regulation of energy homeostasis.<sup id="cite_ref-:2_14-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Clinical_significance">Clinical significance</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Corepressor&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Clinical significance"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Diseases">Diseases</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Corepressor&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Diseases"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Since corepressors participate and regulate a vast range of gene expression, it is not surprising that aberrant corepressor activities can cause diseases.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Acute_myeloid_leukemia" title="Acute myeloid leukemia">Acute myeloid leukemia (AML)</a> is a highly lethal blood cancer characterized by uncontrolled myeloid cell growth.<sup id="cite_ref-:6_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:6-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Two homologous corepressor genes, <a href="/wiki/BCL-6_corepressor" title="BCL-6 corepressor">BCOR (BCL6 corepressor)</a> and BCORL1, are recurrently mutated in <a href="/wiki/Acute_myeloid_leukemia" title="Acute myeloid leukemia">AML</a> patients.<sup id="cite_ref-:7_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:7-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:8_20-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:8-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/BCOR_(gene)" class="mw-redirect" title="BCOR (gene)">BCOR</a> works with multiple transcription factors and is known to play vital regulatory roles in embryonic development.<sup id="cite_ref-:6_18-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:6-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:7_19-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:7-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Clinical results detected <a href="/wiki/BCOR_(gene)" class="mw-redirect" title="BCOR (gene)">BCOR</a> somatic mutations in ~4% of an unselected group of <a href="/wiki/Acute_myeloid_leukemia" title="Acute myeloid leukemia">AML</a> patients, and ~17% in a subset of patients who lack known <a href="/wiki/Acute_myeloid_leukemia" title="Acute myeloid leukemia">AML</a>-causing mutations.<sup id="cite_ref-:6_18-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:6-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:7_19-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:7-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Similarly, BCORL1 is a corepressor that regulates cellular processes,<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and was found to be mutated in ~6% of tested <a href="/wiki/Acute_myeloid_leukemia" title="Acute myeloid leukemia">AML</a> patients.<sup id="cite_ref-:6_18-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:6-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:8_20-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:8-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> These studies point out a strong association between corepressor mutations and <a href="/wiki/Acute_myeloid_leukemia" title="Acute myeloid leukemia">AML</a>. Further corepressor research may reveal potential therapeutic targets for <a href="/wiki/Acute_myeloid_leukemia" title="Acute myeloid leukemia">AML</a> and other diseases. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Therapeutic_Potential">Therapeutic Potential</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Corepressor&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Therapeutic Potential"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Corepressors present many potential avenues for drugs to target a vast range of diseases.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/BCL6" title="BCL6">BCL6</a> upregulation is observed in cancers such as <a href="/wiki/Diffuse_large_B-cell_lymphoma" title="Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma">diffuse large B-cell lymphomas (DLBCLs)</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-:9_23-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:9-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:10_24-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:10-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:11_25-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:11-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:12_26-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:12-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Colorectal_cancer" title="Colorectal cancer">colorectal cancer</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and <a href="/wiki/Lung_cancer" title="Lung cancer">lung cancer</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/BCL-6_corepressor" title="BCL-6 corepressor">BCL-6 corepressor</a>, <a href="/wiki/Silencing_mediator_for_retinoid_and_thyroid-hormone_receptor" class="mw-redirect" title="Silencing mediator for retinoid and thyroid-hormone receptor">SMRT</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nuclear_receptor_co-repressor_1" title="Nuclear receptor co-repressor 1">NCoR</a>, and other corepressors are able to interact with and transcriptionally repress <a href="/wiki/BCL6" title="BCL6">BCL6</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:9_23-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:9-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:10_24-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:10-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:11_25-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:11-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:12_26-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:12-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Small-molecule compounds, such as synthetic <a href="/wiki/Peptide" title="Peptide">peptides</a> that target <a href="/wiki/BCL6" title="BCL6">BCL6</a> and corepressor interactions,<sup id="cite_ref-:9_23-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:9-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:10_24-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:10-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> as well as other protein-protein interaction inhibitors,<sup id="cite_ref-:12_26-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:12-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> have been shown to effectively kill cancer cells. </p><p>Activated <a href="/wiki/Liver_X_receptor" title="Liver X receptor">liver X receptor (LXR)</a> forms a complex with corepressors to suppress the inflammatory response in <a href="/wiki/Rheumatoid_arthritis" title="Rheumatoid arthritis">rheumatoid arthritis</a>, making <a href="/wiki/Liver_X_receptor" title="Liver X receptor">LXR</a> agonists like GW3965 a potential therapeutic strategy.<sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Ursodeoxycholic_acid" title="Ursodeoxycholic acid">Ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA)</a>, by upregulating the corepressor small heterodimer partner interacting leucine zipper protein (SMILE), inhibits the expression of IL-17, an inflammatory <a href="/wiki/Cytokine" title="Cytokine">cytokine</a>, and suppresses Th17 cells, both implicated in <a href="/wiki/Rheumatoid_arthritis" title="Rheumatoid arthritis">rheumatoid arthritis</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:13_33-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:13-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This effect is dose-dependent in humans, and <a href="/wiki/Ursodeoxycholic_acid" title="Ursodeoxycholic acid">UCDA</a> is thought to be another prospective agent of <a href="/wiki/Rheumatoid_arthritis" title="Rheumatoid arthritis">rheumatoid arthritis</a> therapy.<sup id="cite_ref-:13_33-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:13-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Corepressor&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Transcription_coregulator" title="Transcription coregulator">Transcription coregulator</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/TcoF-DB" title="TcoF-DB">TcoF-DB</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Corepressor&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style 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class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon 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Kwon, Jeong-Eun; Park, Min-Jung; Jung, Kyung-Ah; Kim, Da-Som; Kim, Eun-Kyung; Lee, Seung Hoon; Choi, Jong Young; Park, Sung-Hwan; Cho, Mi-La (August 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0165247816302401">"Ursodeoxycholic acid attenuates experimental autoimmune arthritis by targeting Th17 and inducing pAMPK and transcriptional corepressor SMILE"</a>. <i>Immunology Letters</i>. <b>188</b>: 1–8. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2Fj.imlet.2017.05.011">10.1016/j.imlet.2017.05.011</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28539269">28539269</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Immunology+Letters&rft.atitle=Ursodeoxycholic+acid+attenuates+experimental+autoimmune+arthritis+by+targeting+Th17+and+inducing+pAMPK+and+transcriptional+corepressor+SMILE&rft.volume=188&rft.pages=1-8&rft.date=2017-08&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1016%2Fj.imlet.2017.05.011&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F28539269&rft.aulast=Lee&rft.aufirst=Eun-Jung&rft.au=Kwon%2C+Jeong-Eun&rft.au=Park%2C+Min-Jung&rft.au=Jung%2C+Kyung-Ah&rft.au=Kim%2C+Da-Som&rft.au=Kim%2C+Eun-Kyung&rft.au=Lee%2C+Seung+Hoon&rft.au=Choi%2C+Jong+Young&rft.au=Park%2C+Sung-Hwan&rft.au=Cho%2C+Mi-La&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Flinkinghub.elsevier.com%2Fretrieve%2Fpii%2FS0165247816302401&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACorepressor" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-34">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSarkarFox2010" class="citation journal cs1">Sarkar, Sujata; Fox, David A. (May 2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0889857X10000189">"Targeting IL-17 and Th17 Cells in Rheumatoid Arthritis"</a>. <i>Rheumatic Disease Clinics of North America</i>. <b>36</b> (2): 345–366. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2Fj.rdc.2010.02.006">10.1016/j.rdc.2010.02.006</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20510238">20510238</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Rheumatic+Disease+Clinics+of+North+America&rft.atitle=Targeting+IL-17+and+Th17+Cells+in+Rheumatoid+Arthritis&rft.volume=36&rft.issue=2&rft.pages=345-366&rft.date=2010-05&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1016%2Fj.rdc.2010.02.006&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F20510238&rft.aulast=Sarkar&rft.aufirst=Sujata&rft.au=Fox%2C+David+A.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Flinkinghub.elsevier.com%2Fretrieve%2Fpii%2FS0889857X10000189&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACorepressor" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Corepressor&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://meshb.nlm.nih.gov/record/ui?name=Co-Repressor+Proteins">Co-Repressor+Proteins</a> at the U.S. National Library of Medicine <a href="/wiki/Medical_Subject_Headings" title="Medical Subject Headings">Medical Subject Headings</a> (MeSH)</li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output 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mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini 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title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Transcription_(Bacterial,_Eukaryotic)" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Transcription_(genetics)" class="mw-redirect" title="Transcription (genetics)">Transcription</a> (<a href="/wiki/Bacterial_transcription" title="Bacterial transcription">Bacterial</a>, <a href="/wiki/Eukaryotic_transcription" title="Eukaryotic transcription">Eukaryotic</a>)</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Transcriptional_regulation" title="Transcriptional regulation">Transcriptional regulation</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">prokaryotic</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Operon" title="Operon">Operon</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lac_operon" title="Lac operon">lac operon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trp_operon" title="Trp operon">trp operon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gab_operon" title="Gab operon">gab operon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gua_Operon" title="Gua Operon">Gua Operon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/L-arabinose_operon" title="L-arabinose operon">ara operon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gal_operon" title="Gal operon">gal operon</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Repressor" title="Repressor">Repressor</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lac_repressor" title="Lac repressor">lac repressor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tryptophan_repressor" title="Tryptophan repressor">trp repressor</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">eukaryotic</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Histone-modifying_enzymes" title="Histone-modifying enzymes">Histone-modifying enzymes</a><br />(<a href="/wiki/Histone" title="Histone">histone</a>/<a href="/wiki/Nucleosome" title="Nucleosome">nucleosome</a>):</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Histone_methylation" title="Histone methylation">Histone methylation</a>/<a href="/wiki/Histone_methyltransferase" title="Histone methyltransferase">Histone methyltransferase</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/EZH2" title="EZH2">EZH2</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demethylase" title="Demethylase">Histone demethylase</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Histone_acetylation_and_deacetylation" title="Histone acetylation and deacetylation">Histone acetylation and deacetylation</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Histone_deacetylase" title="Histone deacetylase">Histone deacetylase</a> <a href="/wiki/HDAC1" title="HDAC1">HDAC1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Histone_acetyltransferase" title="Histone acetyltransferase">Histone acetyltransferase</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/DNA_methylation" title="DNA methylation">DNA methylation</a>:</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><ul><li><a href="/wiki/DNA_methyltransferase" title="DNA methyltransferase">DNA methyltransferase</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Chromatin_remodeling" title="Chromatin remodeling">Chromatin remodeling</a>:</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/CHD7" title="CHD7">CHD7</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">both</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Transcription_coregulator" title="Transcription coregulator">Transcription coregulator</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Activator_(genetics)" title="Activator (genetics)">Activator</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coactivator_(genetics)" title="Coactivator (genetics)">Coactivator</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Corepressor</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Inducer" title="Inducer">Inducer</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Promotion</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Promoter_(genetics)" title="Promoter (genetics)">Promoter</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pribnow_box" title="Pribnow box">Pribnow box</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/TATA_box" title="TATA box">TATA box</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/B_recognition_element" title="B recognition element">BRE</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CAAT_box" title="CAAT box">CAAT box</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Response_element" title="Response element">Response element</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Enhancer_(genetics)" title="Enhancer (genetics)">Enhancer</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/E-box" title="E-box">E-box</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Response_element" title="Response element">Response element</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Insulator_(genetics)" title="Insulator (genetics)">Insulator</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Silencer_(DNA)" class="mw-redirect" title="Silencer (DNA)">Silencer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Internal_control_region" title="Internal control region">Internal control region</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Initiation</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bacterial_transcription#Initiation" title="Bacterial transcription">Bacterial</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eukaryotic_transcription#Initiation" title="Eukaryotic transcription">Eukaryotic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Archaeal_transcription_factor_B" title="Archaeal transcription factor B">Archaeal transcription factor B</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Elongation</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bacterial_transcription#Elongation" title="Bacterial transcription">bacterial</a> <a href="/wiki/RNA_polymerase" title="RNA polymerase">RNA polymerase</a>: <a href="/wiki/RpoB" title="RpoB">rpoB</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eukaryotic_transcription#Transcription_process" title="Eukaryotic transcription">eukaryotic</a> <a href="/wiki/RNA_polymerase" title="RNA polymerase">RNA polymerase</a>: <a href="/wiki/RNA_polymerase_II" title="RNA polymerase II">RNA polymerase II</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Termination<br />(<a href="/wiki/Bacterial_transcription#Termination" title="Bacterial transcription">bacterial</a>,<br /> <a href="/wiki/Eukaryotic_transcription#Termination" title="Eukaryotic transcription">eukaryotic</a>)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Terminator_(genetics)" title="Terminator (genetics)">Terminator</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Intrinsic_termination" title="Intrinsic termination">Intrinsic termination</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rho_factor" title="Rho factor">Rho factor</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Transcription_coregulators" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Transcription_coregulators" title="Template:Transcription coregulators"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Transcription_coregulators" title="Template talk:Transcription coregulators"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Transcription_coregulators" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Transcription coregulators"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Transcription_coregulators" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Transcription_coregulator" title="Transcription coregulator">Transcription coregulators</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Coactivator_(genetics)" title="Coactivator (genetics)">Coactivators</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i>ARA</i> (<a href="/wiki/RNF14" title="RNF14">54</a>, <a href="/wiki/TGFB1I1" title="TGFB1I1">55</a>, <a href="/wiki/NCOA4" title="NCOA4">70</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/BCAS3" title="BCAS3">BCAS3</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CARM1" title="CARM1">CARM1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/P300-CBP_coactivator_family" title="P300-CBP coactivator family">p300-CBP</a> (<a href="/wiki/EP300" title="EP300">EP300</a>, <a href="/wiki/CREB-binding_protein" title="CREB-binding protein">CREBBP</a>)</li> <li><i>CRTC</i> (<a href="/wiki/CRTC1" title="CRTC1">1</a>, <a href="/wiki/CRTC2" title="CRTC2">2</a>, <a href="/wiki/CRTC3" title="CRTC3">3</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mediator_(coactivator)" title="Mediator (coactivator)">DRIP/TRAP</a> (<a href="/wiki/MED1" title="MED1">MED1</a> Drip205/Trap220)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/MN1_(gene)" title="MN1 (gene)">MN1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/PCAF" title="PCAF">PCAF</a></li> <li><i>PNRC</i> (<a href="/wiki/PNRC1" title="PNRC1">1</a>, <a href="/wiki/PNRC2" title="PNRC2">2</a>)</li> <li><i>PPARGC</i> (<a href="/wiki/PPARGC1A" class="mw-redirect" title="PPARGC1A">1A</a>, <a href="/wiki/PPARGC1B" title="PPARGC1B">1B</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/TGFB1I1" title="TGFB1I1">TGFB1I1</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Nuclear_receptor_coactivator_1" title="Nuclear receptor coactivator 1">NCOA1</a> (<i>SRC-1</i>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nuclear_receptor_coactivator_2" title="Nuclear receptor coactivator 2">NCOA2</a> (<i>GRIP1/SRC-2/TIF2</i>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nuclear_receptor_coactivator_3" title="Nuclear receptor coactivator 3">NCOA3</a> (<i>AIB/SRC-3/TRAM-1</i>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/NCOA4" title="NCOA4">NCOA4</a> (<i>ARA70</i>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/NCOA5" title="NCOA5">NCOA5</a> (<i>CIA</i>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/NCOA6" title="NCOA6">NCOA6</a> (<i>RAP250</i>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/NCOA7" title="NCOA7">NCOA7</a> (<i>ERAP140</i>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Corepressors</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i>CTBP</i> (<a href="/wiki/CTBP1" title="CTBP1">1</a>, <a href="/wiki/CTBP2" title="CTBP2">2</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/HR_(gene)" title="HR (gene)">Hairless homolog</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LCOR" title="LCOR">LCOR</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NRIP1" title="NRIP1">NRIP1</a> (<i>RIP140</i>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/PELP-1" title="PELP-1">PELP-1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RCOR1" title="RCOR1">RCOR1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Retinoblastoma_protein" title="Retinoblastoma protein">Rb</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SIN3A" title="SIN3A">SIN3A</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SIN3B" title="SIN3B">SIN3B</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tripartite_motif_family" title="Tripartite motif family">Tripartite motif family</a> <i>TRIM</i> (<a href="/wiki/TRIM24" title="TRIM24">24</a>, <a href="/wiki/TRIM28" title="TRIM28">28</a>, <a href="/wiki/TRIM33" title="TRIM33">33</a>)<br /><a href="/wiki/Nuclear_receptor_co-repressor_1" title="Nuclear receptor co-repressor 1">NCOR1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nuclear_receptor_co-repressor_2" title="Nuclear receptor co-repressor 2">NCOR2</a> (<i>SMRT</i>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">ATP-dependent remodeling factors</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chromatin_Structure_Remodeling_(RSC)_Complex" class="mw-redirect" title="Chromatin Structure Remodeling (RSC) Complex">Chromatin Structure Remodeling (RSC) Complex</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SWI/SNF" title="SWI/SNF">SWI/SNF</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" 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