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cellspacing="1"> <tbody><tr> <th class="infobox-kop notheme" style="background-color:#FCCB38; color:inherit; text-align:center; font-size:120%;" colspan="3">Reichsstadt Augsburg<br /><small>Land in het <a href="/wiki/Heilige_Roomse_Rijk" title="Heilige Roomse Rijk">Heilige Roomse Rijk</a> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Bestand:Banner_of_the_Holy_Roman_Emperor_without_haloes_(1400-1806).svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Wapen Heilige Roomse Rijk"><img alt="Wapen Heilige Roomse Rijk" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/54/Banner_of_the_Holy_Roman_Emperor_without_haloes_%281400-1806%29.svg/25px-Banner_of_the_Holy_Roman_Emperor_without_haloes_%281400-1806%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/54/Banner_of_the_Holy_Roman_Emperor_without_haloes_%281400-1806%29.svg/38px-Banner_of_the_Holy_Roman_Emperor_without_haloes_%281400-1806%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/54/Banner_of_the_Holy_Roman_Emperor_without_haloes_%281400-1806%29.svg/50px-Banner_of_the_Holy_Roman_Emperor_without_haloes_%281400-1806%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></small> </th></tr> <tr> <td class="ta-center" colspan="3"><span></span> <table width="100%" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <tbody><tr style="text-align:center;"> <td align="left" width="45" style="vertical-align: middle;"><a href="/wiki/Prinsbisdom_Augsburg" title="Prinsbisdom Augsburg">←</a> <span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Bestand:Hochstift_Augsburg_coat_of_arms.png" class="mw-file-description" title="Prinsbisdom Augsburg"><img alt="Prinsbisdom Augsburg" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Hochstift_Augsburg_coat_of_arms.png/25px-Hochstift_Augsburg_coat_of_arms.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="26" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Hochstift_Augsburg_coat_of_arms.png/38px-Hochstift_Augsburg_coat_of_arms.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Hochstift_Augsburg_coat_of_arms.png/50px-Hochstift_Augsburg_coat_of_arms.png 2x" data-file-width="1991" data-file-height="2060" /></a></span> </td> <td align="center" style="vertical-align: middle;"><big><b>1276 – 1805</b></big> </td> <td align="right" width="45" style="vertical-align: middle;"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Bestand:Electoral_Standard_of_Bavaria_(1623-1806).svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Koninkrijk Beieren"><img alt="Koninkrijk Beieren" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Electoral_Standard_of_Bavaria_%281623-1806%29.svg/25px-Electoral_Standard_of_Bavaria_%281623-1806%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="25" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Electoral_Standard_of_Bavaria_%281623-1806%29.svg/38px-Electoral_Standard_of_Bavaria_%281623-1806%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Electoral_Standard_of_Bavaria_%281623-1806%29.svg/50px-Electoral_Standard_of_Bavaria_%281623-1806%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="1000" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Koninkrijk_Beieren" title="Koninkrijk Beieren">→</a> </td></tr></tbody></table> </td></tr> <tr> <th class="infobox-kop notheme" style="background-color:#FCCB38; color:inherit; text-align:center;" colspan="3">Symbolen </th></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center;" colspan="3"><span></span> <table width="100%" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="text-align: center;"> <tbody><tr> <td style="vertical-align: middle;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Bestand:Wappen_Augsburg_1811.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Wappen_Augsburg_1811.jpg/80px-Wappen_Augsburg_1811.jpg" decoding="async" width="80" height="85" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Wappen_Augsburg_1811.jpg/120px-Wappen_Augsburg_1811.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Wappen_Augsburg_1811.jpg/160px-Wappen_Augsburg_1811.jpg 2x" data-file-width="194" data-file-height="206" /></a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td><small><b>(<a href="/w/index.php?title=Wapen_van_Augsburg&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wapen van Augsburg (de pagina bestaat niet)">Details</a>)</b></small> </td></tr></tbody></table> </td></tr> <tr> <th class="infobox-kop notheme" style="background-color:#FCCB38; color:inherit;" colspan="3">Algemene gegevens </th></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Hoofdstad" title="Hoofdstad">Hoofdstad</a> </th> <td colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Augsburg_(stad)" title="Augsburg (stad)">Augsburg</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Oppervlakte" title="Oppervlakte">Oppervlakte</a> </th> <td colspan="2">110 km² <small>(ca. 1800)</small><sup id="cite_ref-WilsonP378_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-WilsonP378-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Bevolkingsomvang" title="Bevolkingsomvang">Bevolking</a> </th> <td colspan="2">36.300 <small>(ca. 1800)</small><sup id="cite_ref-WilsonP378_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-WilsonP378-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Taal" title="Taal">Talen</a> </th> <td colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Duits" title="Duits">Duitse</a> dialecten </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Religie" title="Religie">Religie</a> </th> <td colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Rooms-katholieke_Kerk" class="mw-redirect" title="Rooms-katholieke Kerk">Rooms-katholiek</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Lutheranisme" title="Lutheranisme">Lutheraans</a> (vanaf 1534)<br />Biconfessioneel (vanaf 1648) </td></tr> <tr> <th class="infobox-kop notheme" style="background-color:#FCCB38; color:inherit;" colspan="3">Politieke gegevens </th></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Regeringsvorm" title="Regeringsvorm">Regeringsvorm</a> </th> <td colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Vrije_rijksstad" title="Vrije rijksstad">Rijksstad</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Rijksdag_(Heilige_Roomse_Rijk)" title="Rijksdag (Heilige Roomse Rijk)">Rijksdag</a> </th> <td colspan="2">1 stem op de Zwabische Bank in de Raad van Steden </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Kreits" title="Kreits">Kreits</a> </th> <td colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Zwabische_Kreits" title="Zwabische Kreits">Zwabische Kreits</a> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <p>De <b>Rijksstad Augsburg</b> was een tot de <a href="/wiki/Zwabische_Kreits" title="Zwabische Kreits">Zwabische Kreits</a> behorende <a href="/wiki/Rijksstad" class="mw-redirect" title="Rijksstad">rijksstad</a> binnen het <a href="/wiki/Heilige_Roomse_Rijk" title="Heilige Roomse Rijk">Heilige Roomse Rijk</a>. </p><p>De stad werd gesticht in 15 v.Chr. tijdens de regering van de Romeinse keizer <a href="/wiki/Imperator_Caesar_Augustus" class="mw-redirect" title="Imperator Caesar Augustus">Augustus</a> als garnizoensplaats genaamd <i>Augusta Vindelicorum</i>. </p><p>Reeds in de <a href="/wiki/Vierde_eeuw" class="mw-redirect" title="Vierde eeuw">vierde eeuw</a> was Augsburg de zetel van een <a href="/wiki/Bisdom_Augsburg" title="Bisdom Augsburg">bisschop</a>. In de <a href="/wiki/Negende_eeuw" class="mw-redirect" title="Negende eeuw">negende eeuw</a> is er naast de kathedraal ook een <a href="/wiki/Klooster_(gebouw)" title="Klooster (gebouw)">klooster</a>. In de eerste helft van de elfde eeuw ontwikkelt zich tussen de kathedraal en Sankt Moritz een nederzetting van kooplieden. De burgerlijke stad die zich hieruit ontwikkelt staat onder een bisschoppelijke burggraaf. <a href="/wiki/Keizer_Lotharius_III" title="Keizer Lotharius III">Keizer Lotharius III</a> verwoest de stad die aan de zijde van de <a href="/wiki/Hohenstaufen" title="Hohenstaufen">Hohenstaufen</a> staat in 1132 grondig. Het herstel laat niet lang op zich wachten. <a href="/wiki/Keizer_Frederik_I_Barbarossa" title="Keizer Frederik I Barbarossa">Keizer Frederik I Barbarossa</a> verleent de stad in <a href="/wiki/1156" title="1156">1156</a> <a href="/wiki/Stadsrecht" class="mw-redirect" title="Stadsrecht">stadsrechten</a>, waarbij de macht van de bisschop verkleind wordt. Na <a href="/wiki/1168" title="1168">1168</a> wordt de bisschoppelijke voogd vervangen door een keizerlijke. Tegen het jaar 1200 worden de domstad, de burgerstad, het kloostergebied van Sankt Moritz en het kloostergebied van Sankt Ulrich door een gemeenschappelijke muur omgeven. In <a href="/wiki/1250" title="1250">1250</a> komt de stad in opstand tegen de bisschop en dwingt de alleenheerschappij over de stadsmuren en het belastingrecht af. De stad stelt zelf stadsrechten op, die <a href="/wiki/9_maart" title="9 maart">9 maart</a> <a href="/wiki/1276" title="1276">1276</a> bevestigd worden door koning <a href="/wiki/Rudolf_I_(Rooms-koning)" class="mw-redirect" title="Rudolf I (Rooms-koning)">Rudolf van Habsburg</a>. Hiermee wordt Augsburg een <a href="/wiki/Rijksstad" class="mw-redirect" title="Rijksstad">rijksstad</a>. In <a href="/wiki/1316" title="1316">1316</a> geeft <a href="/wiki/Keizer_Lodewijk_de_Beier" title="Keizer Lodewijk de Beier">keizer Lodewijk de Beier</a> de garantie dat het rijk de stad nooit zal verpanden of verkopen. Hiermee is Augsburg definitief een rijksstad en heeft de bisschop alle invloed verloren. </p><p>Vanwege de strategische ligging aan handelsroutes naar <a href="/wiki/Itali%C3%AB" title="Italië">Italië</a> wordt het al snel een belangrijk handelscentrum. Er worden grote hoeveelheden geweven goederen (laken en textiel) gemaakt en het is de bakermat van het bankiersimperium <a href="/wiki/Fugger_(geslacht)" title="Fugger (geslacht)">Fugger</a>. De <a href="/wiki/Fuggerei_(Augsburg)" title="Fuggerei (Augsburg)">Fuggerei</a>, een deel van de stad gewijd aan het huisvesten van behoeftige burgers uit Augsburg, wordt gebouwd in <a href="/wiki/1516" title="1516">1516</a> door <a href="/wiki/Jakob_Fugger_de_Rijke" title="Jakob Fugger de Rijke">Jakob Fugger de Rijke</a> en is tegenwoordig nog steeds in gebruik. Het is de oudste sociale volkshuisvesting ter wereld. </p><p>Na het verblijf van <a href="/wiki/Maarten_Luther" title="Maarten Luther">Luther</a> binnen de stad in <a href="/wiki/1518" title="1518">1518</a> komt er een reformatorische beweging op gang, maar pas in <a href="/wiki/1534" title="1534">1534</a> wordt de <a href="/wiki/Reformatie" title="Reformatie">reformatie</a> volledig ingevoerd. Na <a href="/wiki/1580" title="1580">1580</a> komt er een sterke <a href="/wiki/Contrareformatie" title="Contrareformatie">contrareformatorische</a> beweging op gang. Na de <a href="/wiki/Westfaalse_Vrede" class="mw-redirect" title="Westfaalse Vrede">Westfaalse Vrede</a> van <a href="/wiki/1648" title="1648">1648</a> is Augsburg een biconfessionele stad. </p><p>Bij de <a href="/wiki/Reichsdeputationshauptschluss" title="Reichsdeputationshauptschluss">Reichsdeputationshauptschluss</a> (paragraaf 27) van <a href="/wiki/25_februari" title="25 februari">25 februari</a> <a href="/wiki/1803" title="1803">1803</a> is Augsburg een van de weinige (zes) rijkssteden die zijn zelfstandigheid behoudt. De stad mag alle geestelijke goederen binnen zijn gebied, zowel binnen als buiten de muren in bezit nemen. Dit was zonder de <a href="/wiki/Abdij_Sankt_Ulrich_und_Afra" title="Abdij Sankt Ulrich und Afra">abdij Sankt Ulrich und Afra</a> die aan het <a href="/wiki/Keurvorstendom_Beieren" title="Keurvorstendom Beieren">keurvorstendom Beieren</a> kwam. </p><p>Na de Oostenrijkse nederlaag tegen Frankrijk verliest Augsburg zijn onafhankelijkheid in de <a href="/wiki/Vrede_van_Presburg_(1805)" title="Vrede van Presburg (1805)">vrede van Presburg</a> (<a href="/wiki/26_december" title="26 december">26 december</a> <a href="/wiki/1805" title="1805">1805</a>). In artikel 13 wordt de inlijving bij het nieuwe <a href="/wiki/Koninkrijk_Beieren" title="Koninkrijk Beieren">koninkrijk Beieren</a> geregeld, die vervolgens in <a href="/wiki/1806" title="1806">1806</a> plaatsvindt. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Zie_ook">Zie ook</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rijksstad_Augsburg&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Bewerk dit kopje: Zie ook" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rijksstad_Augsburg&action=edit&section=1" title="De broncode bewerken van de sectie: Zie ook"><span>brontekst bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Augsburg_(stad)" title="Augsburg (stad)">Augsburg</a></li></ul> <div class="toccolours appendix" role="presentation" style="font-size:90%; margin:1em 0 -0.5em; clear:both;"> <div><b>Noten</b></div> <div class="reflist" style="list-style-type: decimal;"><div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-WilsonP378-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-WilsonP378_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-WilsonP378_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r67679320">.mw-parser-output .taalaanduiding{font-family:sans-serif;font-size:85%;cursor:help;color:var(--color-subtle,#555)}.mw-parser-output .taalaanduiding span{border-bottom:1px dotted var(--color-subtle,#555)}</style><span class="taalaanduiding" title="Taal: Engels">(<span>en</span>) </span> <span style="font-variant:small-caps;">P. H. Wilson</span> (2004): <i>From Reich to revolution: German history, 1558-1806</i>, eerste druk, Palgrave Macmillan, Basingstoke, blz. 378</span> </li> </ol></div></div> </div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1&useformat=desktop" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Overgenomen van "<a dir="ltr" href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Rijksstad_Augsburg&oldid=67230554">https://nl.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Rijksstad_Augsburg&oldid=67230554</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Categorie:Alles" title="Categorie:Alles">Categorieën</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Categorie:Vrije_rijksstad" title="Categorie:Vrije rijksstad">Vrije rijksstad</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Categorie:Geschiedenis_van_Beieren" title="Categorie:Geschiedenis van Beieren">Geschiedenis van Beieren</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Categorie:Geschiedenis_van_Augsburg" title="Categorie:Geschiedenis van Augsburg">Geschiedenis van Augsburg</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Categorie:Historisch_land_in_Duitsland" title="Categorie:Historisch land in Duitsland">Historisch land in Duitsland</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> Deze pagina is voor het laatst bewerkt op 20 mrt 2024 om 14:01.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">De tekst is beschikbaar onder de licentie <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.nl">Creative Commons Naamsvermelding/Gelijk delen</a>, er kunnen aanvullende voorwaarden van toepassing zijn. 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