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searchaux" style="display:none">Dance genre combining classical ballet and modern dance</div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:ContemporaryBalletLeap.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/ContemporaryBalletLeap.jpg/248px-ContemporaryBalletLeap.jpg" decoding="async" width="248" height="314" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/ContemporaryBalletLeap.jpg/372px-ContemporaryBalletLeap.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/ContemporaryBalletLeap.jpg/495px-ContemporaryBalletLeap.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1377" data-file-height="1745" /></a><figcaption>A contemporary ballet leap</figcaption></figure> <p><b>Contemporary ballet</b> is a <a href="/wiki/Dance" title="Dance">dance</a> genre that incorporates elements of <a href="/wiki/Classical_ballet" title="Classical ballet">classical ballet</a> and <a href="/wiki/Modern_dance" title="Modern dance">modern dance</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-washington_ballet_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-washington_ballet-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It employs classical <a href="/wiki/Ballet_technique" title="Ballet technique">ballet technique</a> and in many cases classical <a href="/wiki/Pointe_technique" title="Pointe technique">pointe technique</a> as well, but allows a greater range of movement of the upper body and is not constrained to the rigorously defined body lines and forms found in traditional, classical ballet. Many of its attributes come from the ideas and innovations of 20th-century modern dance, including <a href="/wiki/Floor_work" class="mw-redirect" title="Floor work">floor work</a> and <a href="/wiki/Turn-in_(dance)" class="mw-redirect" title="Turn-in (dance)">turn-in</a> of the legs. The style also contains many movements emphasizing the body's flexibility. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Contemporary_ballet&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:G._Balanchine_(young).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/G._Balanchine_%28young%29.jpg/250px-G._Balanchine_%28young%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="261" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/G._Balanchine_%28young%29.jpg/330px-G._Balanchine_%28young%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/G._Balanchine_%28young%29.jpg/500px-G._Balanchine_%28young%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="1229" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/George_Balanchine" title="George Balanchine">George Balanchine</a>, a contemporary ballet pioneer</figcaption></figure> <p><a href="/wiki/George_Balanchine" title="George Balanchine">George Balanchine</a> is often considered to have been the first pioneer of contemporary ballet. However, the true origin of contemporary ballet is credited to Russian art producer <a href="/wiki/Serge_Diaghilev" class="mw-redirect" title="Serge Diaghilev">Serge Diaghilev</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Diaghilev wanted to bring an understanding of the arts to the general public. He created a program that combined all forms of the arts (painting, music, theater, and art) to present to the public. When this program had success in Russia, Diaghilev was inspired to bring it to a European audience by creating a new spin on classical ballet. He created Diaghilev's Russian Ballet Company, debuting the first show in 1909. However, Diaghilev was not a choreographer, he entrusted the evolvement of his creation to several well-known choreographers, one of them being George Balanchine. </p><p>The style of dance Balanchine developed, which lies between classical ballet and today's contemporary ballet, is known by today's standards as <a href="/wiki/Neoclassical_ballet" title="Neoclassical ballet">neoclassical ballet</a>. He used flexed hands (and occasionally feet), turned-in legs, off-centered positions, and non-traditional costumes, such as leotards, tunics, and "powder puff" tutus<sup id="cite_ref-dance_magazine_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-dance_magazine-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> instead of "pancake" tutus, to distance his work from the classical and romantic ballet traditions. Balanchine invited modern dance performers such as <a href="/wiki/Paul_Taylor_(choreographer)" title="Paul Taylor (choreographer)">Paul Taylor</a> in to dance with his company, the <a href="/wiki/New_York_City_Ballet" title="New York City Ballet">New York City Ballet</a>, and he worked with modern dance choreographer <a href="/wiki/Martha_Graham" title="Martha Graham">Martha Graham</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-paul_taylor_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-paul_taylor-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> which expanded his exposure to modern techniques and ideas.<sup id="cite_ref-washington_ballet_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-washington_ballet-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> During this period, other choreographers such as John Butler and <a href="/wiki/Glen_Tetley" title="Glen Tetley">Glen Tetley</a> began to consciously combine ballet and modern techniques in experimentation. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Choreographers">Choreographers</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Contemporary_ballet&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Choreographers"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>One dancer who trained with Balanchine and absorbed much of this neoclassical style was <a href="/wiki/Mikhail_Baryshnikov" title="Mikhail Baryshnikov">Mikhail Baryshnikov</a>. Following Baryshnikov's appointment as artistic director of the <a href="/wiki/American_Ballet_Theatre" title="American Ballet Theatre">American Ballet Theatre</a> in 1980, he worked with various modern choreographers, most notably <a href="/wiki/Twyla_Tharp" title="Twyla Tharp">Twyla Tharp</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Terry_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Terry-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Tharp choreographed <i>Push Comes To Shove</i> for ABT and Baryshnikov in 1976;<sup id="cite_ref-tharp_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-tharp-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> in 1986 she created <i>In The Upper Room</i> for her own company. Both of these pieces were considered innovative for their use of distinctly modern movements melded with the use of <a href="/wiki/Pointe_shoes" class="mw-redirect" title="Pointe shoes">pointe shoes</a> and classically trained dancers—for their use of contemporary ballet. </p><p>Tharp also worked with The <a href="/wiki/Joffrey_Ballet" title="Joffrey Ballet">Joffrey Ballet</a>, founded in 1957 by <a href="/wiki/Robert_Joffrey" title="Robert Joffrey">Robert Joffrey</a>. She choreographed <i><a href="/wiki/Deuce_Coupe" title="Deuce Coupe">Deuce Coupe</a></i> for them in 1973, using pop music and a blend of modern and ballet techniques. The Joffrey Ballet continued to perform numerous contemporary pieces, many choreographed by co-founder <a href="/wiki/Gerald_Arpino" title="Gerald Arpino">Gerald Arpino</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-brief_history_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-brief_history-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Other notable contemporary choreographers include <a href="/wiki/Jorma_Elo" title="Jorma Elo">Jorma Elo</a>, <a href="/wiki/William_Forsythe_(choreographer)" title="William Forsythe (choreographer)">William Forsythe</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mark_Morris_(choreographer)" title="Mark Morris (choreographer)">Mark Morris</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jiri_Kylian" class="mw-redirect" title="Jiri Kylian">Jiri Kylian</a>, <a href="/wiki/Alonzo_King" title="Alonzo King">Alonzo King</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Trey_McIntyre" title="Trey McIntyre">Trey McIntyre</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Technique">Technique</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Contemporary_ballet&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Technique"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Grace_in_winter,_contemporary_ballet.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Grace_in_winter%2C_contemporary_ballet.jpg/248px-Grace_in_winter%2C_contemporary_ballet.jpg" decoding="async" width="248" height="198" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Grace_in_winter%2C_contemporary_ballet.jpg/372px-Grace_in_winter%2C_contemporary_ballet.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Grace_in_winter%2C_contemporary_ballet.jpg/496px-Grace_in_winter%2C_contemporary_ballet.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="819" /></a><figcaption>A contemporary ballet dancer</figcaption></figure> <p>Contemporary ballet draws from both modern dance and classical ballet for its training methods and technique. For a dancer to be able to embody various styles the training regimen has become more diverse. In addition to classical technique, which often includes the signature speed and style of George Balanchine for American dancers, dancers study modern as well. In addition, many dancers do various forms of cross training. Pilates and yoga are often included to loosen muscles and align the body. Since the late 1920s, <a href="/wiki/Pilates" title="Pilates">Pilates</a> has been a popular form of cross training to help prevent injury,<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> but increasingly, the <a href="/wiki/Gyrotonic" title="Gyrotonic">Gyrotonic</a> Expansion System is being utilized.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> With contemporary work, dancers' spines need to be more supple and they need to understand how to be grounded. This is in contrast to classical and neoclassical ballet where the dancers are required to "pull up" and the upper body is held.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Dancers are required to first obtain classical ballet training in order to build on it with more modern technique in order to be more versatile. Despite formal training, dancers are often affected by ankle injuries, due to the high intensity footwork.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Costumes">Costumes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Contemporary_ballet&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Costumes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1251242444">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .ambox.mbox-small-left{margin:4px 1em 4px 0;overflow:hidden;width:238px;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{border-left:10px solid #b32424;background-color:#fee7e6}.mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left:10px solid #b32424}.mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left:10px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left:10px solid #fc3}.mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left:10px solid #9932cc}.mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left:10px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.5em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 0.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.5em 2px 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image-div{width:52px}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ambox{margin:0 10%}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .ambox{display:none!important}}</style><table class="box-Unreferenced_section plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Unreferenced" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Question_book-new.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/50px-Question_book-new.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="39" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/75px-Question_book-new.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/100px-Question_book-new.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="399" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This section <b>does not <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources">cite</a> any <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">sources</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help <a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Contemporary_ballet" title="Special:EditPage/Contemporary ballet">improve this section</a> by <a href="/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners" title="Help:Referencing for beginners">adding citations to reliable sources</a>. Unsourced material may be challenged and <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability#Burden_of_evidence" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">removed</a>.</span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">September 2019</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The costumes and footwear differ from any other style of dance as well. In contemporary ballet, dancers can be asked to wear pointe shoes, regular ballet shoes, or even no shoes at all. The same versatile approach goes for the music, setting, and costumes. Contemporary ballet does not require certain standards to be met. While it has more guidelines that modern dance, it does not conform to the limits of classical ballet. Classical ballet requires tutus, pointe shoes and scenery. Contemporary ballet uses different types of costumes, ranging from traditional to more modern tunic type versions. The music choices may vary as well. In classical ballet, most often the choreography is done to classical music. In contemporary ballet, the music can range from the traditional classical music to popular music of today. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Present_day">Present day</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Contemporary_ballet&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Present day"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1251242444" /><table class="box-Unreferenced_section plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Unreferenced" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Question_book-new.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/50px-Question_book-new.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="39" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/75px-Question_book-new.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/100px-Question_book-new.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="399" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This section <b>does not <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources">cite</a> any <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">sources</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help <a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Contemporary_ballet" title="Special:EditPage/Contemporary ballet">improve this section</a> by <a href="/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners" title="Help:Referencing for beginners">adding citations to reliable sources</a>. Unsourced material may be challenged and <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability#Burden_of_evidence" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">removed</a>.</span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">June 2019</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>Today there are many contemporary ballet companies and choreographers all over the world. Notable companies include <a href="/wiki/Nederlands_Dans_Theater" title="Nederlands Dans Theater">Nederlands Dans Theater</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hubbard_Street_Dance_Chicago" title="Hubbard Street Dance Chicago">Hubbard Street Dance Chicago</a>, <a href="/wiki/Complexions_Contemporary_Ballet" title="Complexions Contemporary Ballet">Complexions Contemporary Ballet</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Alonzo_King_LINES_Ballet" title="Alonzo King LINES Ballet">Alonzo King LINES Ballet</a>. Likewise, many traditionally "classical" companies also regularly perform contemporary works. Most classically trained dancers who may identify as professional ballet dancers are required to be very versatile and able to perform work ranging from classical to neoclassical to contemporary ballet to modern dance. They are required to have impeccable ballet technique with a mastery of <a href="/wiki/Pointe_technique" title="Pointe technique">pointe technique</a> for women, but at the same time, are being asked to be just as comfortable in ballet slippers or bare feet performing the work of modern choreographers such as <a href="/wiki/Paul_Taylor_(choreographer)" title="Paul Taylor (choreographer)">Paul Taylor</a> or embracing <a href="/wiki/Gaga_(dance_vocabulary)" class="mw-redirect" title="Gaga (dance vocabulary)">Gaga</a> in the work of <a href="/wiki/Ohad_Naharin" title="Ohad Naharin">Ohad Naharin</a>. </p><p>It is very common for ballet companies to have an official choreographer in residence to create new work—often contemporary—on the company. For example, <a href="/wiki/Dwight_Rhoden" title="Dwight Rhoden">Dwight Rhoden</a> serves as both Artistic Director and the primary choreographer for <a href="/wiki/Complexions_Contemporary_Ballet" title="Complexions Contemporary Ballet">Complexions Contemporary Ballet</a>. As well, many contemporary choreographers are commissioned to go to companies to create new work or a company will pay for the rights to perform already existing work and an official repetiteur will come to stage it. <a href="/wiki/Twyla_Tharp" title="Twyla Tharp">Twyla Tharp</a>, as previously mentioned, is a renowned choreographer whose work is widely performed. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Contemporary_ballet&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Contemporary_dance" title="Contemporary dance">Contemporary dance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_dance_companies" title="List of dance companies">List of dance companies</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Contemporary_ballet&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-washington_ballet-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-washington_ballet_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-washington_ballet_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20141215063635/http://www.washingtonballet.org/news-media/ballet-101">"ballet 101"</a>. <i>the washington ballet</i>. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">15 October</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=the+washington+ballet&rft.atitle=ballet+101&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.washingtonballet.org%2Fnews-media%2Fballet-101%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AContemporary+ballet" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/stage/2010/sep/12/sergei-diaghilev-and-the-ballets-russes">"Sergei Diaghilev: genius of modern ballet"</a>. <i>the Guardian</i>. 2010-09-11<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">15 October</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=bio.&rft.atitle=Paul+Taylor+Biography&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.biography.com%2Fpeople%2Fpaul-taylor-41059%23synopsis&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AContemporary+ballet" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Terry-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Terry_5-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFFinch" class="citation web cs1">Finch, Terry. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20141015033009/https://suite.io/terry-finch/1th62sd">"The history and style of contemporary ballet"</a>. <i>Terry Finch</i>. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">9 October</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Terry+Finch&rft.atitle=The+history+and+style+of+contemporary+ballet&rft.aulast=Finch&rft.aufirst=Terry&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fsuite.io%2Fterry-finch%2F1th62sd&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AContemporary+ballet" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-tharp-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-tharp_6-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFSiegel" class="citation web cs1">Siegel, Marcia. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.danceheritage.org/tharp.html">"Twyla Tharp"</a>. <i>Dance Heritage Coalition</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">13 October</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Dance+Heritage+Coalition&rft.atitle=Twyla+Tharp&rft.aulast=Siegel&rft.aufirst=Marcia&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.danceheritage.org%2Ftharp.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AContemporary+ballet" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-brief_history-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-brief_history_7-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.studymode.com/essays/a-Brief-History-Of-Contemporary-Ballet-1687695.html">"A brief history of contemporary ballet"</a>. <i>study mode</i>. StudyMode.com<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">16 October</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=study+mode&rft.atitle=A+brief+history+of+contemporary+ballet&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.studymode.com%2Fessays%2Fa-Brief-History-Of-Contemporary-Ballet-1687695.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AContemporary+ballet" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.pilatesfoundation.com/pilates/the-history-of-pilates/">"The History of Pilates» Pilates Foundation"</a>. <i>www.pilatesfoundation.com</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2022-10-20</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.pilatesfoundation.com&rft.atitle=The+History+of+Pilates%C2%BB+Pilates+Foundation&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.pilatesfoundation.com%2Fpilates%2Fthe-history-of-pilates%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AContemporary+ballet" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFBell" class="citation web cs1">Bell, Lee. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.forbes.com/sites/leebelltech/2019/02/26/fitness-tech-what-is-gyrotonic-how-it-works-and-why-you-should-do-it/">"Fitness Tech: What Is Gyrotonic? How It Works And Why You Should Do It"</a>. <i>Forbes</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2022-10-20</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Forbes&rft.atitle=Fitness+Tech%3A+What+Is+Gyrotonic%3F+How+It+Works+And+Why+You+Should+Do+It&rft.aulast=Bell&rft.aufirst=Lee&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.forbes.com%2Fsites%2Fleebelltech%2F2019%2F02%2F26%2Ffitness-tech-what-is-gyrotonic-how-it-works-and-why-you-should-do-it%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AContemporary+ballet" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.physiodc.com/the-anatomy-of-first-position-in-ballet/">"The Anatomy of First Position in Ballet"</a>. <i>www.physiodc.com</i>. 28 August 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2022-10-20</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.physiodc.com&rft.atitle=The+Anatomy+of+First+Position+in+Ballet&rft.date=2020-08-28&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.physiodc.com%2Fthe-anatomy-of-first-position-in-ballet%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AContemporary+ballet" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFDolan2021" class="citation web cs1">Dolan, Christian (2021-04-08). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bodyset.co.uk/health-news/foot-and-ankle-injuries-in-dancers/">"Foot and ankle injuries in dancers - Bodyset - Physiotherapy"</a>. <i>Bodyset</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. 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class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aplomb" title="Aplomb">Aplomb</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arabesque_(ballet_position)" title="Arabesque (ballet position)">Arabesque</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ballon_(ballet)" title="Ballon (ballet)">Ballon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barre_(ballet)" title="Barre (ballet)">Barre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battement" title="Battement">Battement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Divertissement" title="Divertissement">Divertissement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Entr%C3%A9e_de_ballet" title="Entrée de ballet">Entrée de ballet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grand_pas" title="Grand pas">Grand pas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pas_de_deux" title="Pas de deux">Pas de deux</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pas_de_quatre_(ballet)" title="Pas de quatre (ballet)">Pas de quatre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pas_de_trois" title="Pas de trois">Pas de trois</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pi%C3%A8ce_d%27occasion" title="Pièce d'occasion">Pièce d'occasion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pointe_technique" title="Pointe technique">Pointe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turnout_(ballet)" title="Turnout (ballet)">Turnout</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Variation_(ballet)" title="Variation (ballet)">Variation</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Ballet by genre</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ballet_d%27action" title="Ballet d'action">Ballet d'action</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ballet_blanc" title="Ballet blanc">Ballet blanc</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ballets_de_cour" class="mw-redirect" title="Ballets de cour">Ballets de cour</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chamber_ballet" title="Chamber ballet">Chamber ballet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Classical_ballet" title="Classical ballet">Classical</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Com%C3%A9die-ballet" title="Comédie-ballet">Comédie-ballet</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Contemporary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comic_ballet" title="Comic ballet">Comic ballet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grotesque_dance" title="Grotesque dance">Grotesque dance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Narrative_ballet" title="Narrative ballet">Narrative ballet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neoclassical_ballet" title="Neoclassical ballet">Neoclassical</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Op%C3%A9ra-ballet" title="Opéra-ballet">Opéra-ballet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romantic_ballet" title="Romantic ballet">Romantic ballet</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Ballet by region</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Azerbaijani_ballet" title="Azerbaijani ballet">Azerbaijani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/British_ballet" title="British ballet">British</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/French_ballet" title="French ballet">French</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Italian_ballet" title="Italian ballet">Italian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_ballet" title="Russian ballet">Russian</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Ballet_technique" title="Ballet technique">Technique</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Methods7" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Methods</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Balanchine_technique" title="Balanchine technique">Balanchine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bournonville_method" title="Bournonville method">Bournonville</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cecchetti_method" title="Cecchetti method">Cecchetti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_Academy_of_Dance#RAD_Method" title="Royal Academy of Dance">RAD</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vaganova_method" title="Vaganova method">Vaganova</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pointe_technique" title="Pointe technique">Pointe technique</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Positions_of_the_arms_in_ballet" title="Positions of the arms in ballet">Positions</a> (arms)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Positions_of_the_feet_in_ballet" title="Positions of the feet in ballet">Positions</a> (feet)</li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Occupations and ranks</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <li><a href="/wiki/Ballet_dancer" title="Ballet dancer">Ballet dancer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Character_dance" title="Character dance">Character dancers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Corps_de_ballet" title="Corps de ballet">Corps de ballet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demi-soloist" title="Demi-soloist">Demi-soloist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Soloist_(ballet)" title="Soloist (ballet)">Soloist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Principal_dancer" title="Principal dancer">Principal dancer</a> (<a href="/wiki/Danseur_%C3%89toile" class="mw-redirect" title="Danseur Étoile">Danseur Étoile</a>, <a href="/wiki/Danseur_noble" title="Danseur noble">Danseur noble</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prima_ballerina_assoluta" title="Prima ballerina assoluta">Prima ballerina assoluta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ballet_master" title="Ballet master">Ballet master</a> (<a href="/wiki/R%C3%A9p%C3%A9titeur" title="Répétiteur">Répétiteur</a>)</li> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Ballet apparel</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ballet_shoe" title="Ballet shoe">Ballet shoe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dance_belt" title="Dance belt">Dance belt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leg_warmer" title="Leg warmer">Leg warmer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leotard" title="Leotard">Leotard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pointe_shoe" title="Pointe shoe">Pointe shoe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tights" title="Tights">Tights</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tutu_(clothing)" title="Tutu (clothing)">Tutu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Unitard" title="Unitard">Unitard</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Awards</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Prix_Benois_de_la_Danse" title="Prix Benois de la Danse">Prix Benois de la Danse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prix_de_Lausanne" title="Prix de Lausanne">Prix de Lausanne‎</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telstra_Ballet_Dancer_Awards" title="Telstra Ballet Dancer Awards">Telstra Ballet Dancer Awards</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Organisations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ballet_Society" title="Ballet Society">Ballet Society</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Publications</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Ballet_Review" title="Ballet Review">Ballet Review</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Dance_and_Dancers" title="Dance and Dancers">Dance and Dancers</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Dance_International" title="Dance International">Dance International</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Pointe_(magazine)" title="Pointe (magazine)">Pointe</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related articles</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ballet_(film)" title="Ballet (film)"><i>Ballet</i> (documentary film)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ballet_and_fashion" title="Ballet and fashion">Ballet and fashion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Choreography" title="Choreography">Choreography</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_Academy_of_Dance" title="Royal Academy of Dance">Royal Academy of Dance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Western_stereotype_of_the_male_ballet_dancer" title="Western stereotype of the male ballet dancer">Western stereotype of the male ballet dancer</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <dl><dt>Lists</dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/List_of_ballets_by_title" title="List of ballets by title">Ballets</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/List_of_historical_ballet_characters" title="List of historical ballet characters">Characters</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/List_of_dance_companies" title="List of dance companies">Companies</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/List_of_dancers" title="List of dancers">Dancers</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Template:Ballet_schools" title="Template:Ballet schools">Schools</a></dd></dl> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?useformat=desktop&type=1x1&usesul3=0" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Contemporary_ballet&oldid=1280861763">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Contemporary_ballet&oldid=1280861763</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" 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