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backbone-social-profile-documents" style="width: 100%;"><div class="u-taCenter"></div><div class="profile--tab_content_container js-tab-pane tab-pane active" id="all"><div class="profile--tab_heading_container js-section-heading" data-section="Papers" id="Papers"><h3 class="profile--tab_heading_container">Papers by wenzhu yang</h3></div><div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="118489681"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/118489681/Using_ruminally_protected_and_nonprotected_active_dried_yeast_as_alternatives_to_antibiotics_in_finishing_beef_steers_growth_performance_carcass_traits_blood_metabolites_and_fecal_Escherichia_coli"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Using ruminally protected and nonprotected active dried yeast as alternatives to antibiotics in finishing beef steers: growth performance, carcass traits, blood metabolites, and fecal Escherichia coli" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/114103557/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/118489681/Using_ruminally_protected_and_nonprotected_active_dried_yeast_as_alternatives_to_antibiotics_in_finishing_beef_steers_growth_performance_carcass_traits_blood_metabolites_and_fecal_Escherichia_coli">Using ruminally protected and nonprotected active dried yeast as alternatives to antibiotics in finishing beef steers: growth performance, carcass traits, blood metabolites, and fecal Escherichia coli</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Journal of Animal Science</span><span>, Dec 1, 2018</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a 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Science","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Animal_Science"},{"id":7710,"name":"Biology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biology"},{"id":26327,"name":"Medicine","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medicine"},{"id":47884,"name":"Biological Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biological_Sciences"},{"id":83128,"name":"Escherichia coli","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Escherichia_coli"},{"id":151659,"name":"Yeast","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Yeast"},{"id":251655,"name":"Antibiotics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Antibiotics"},{"id":262783,"name":"Beef Cattle","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Beef_Cattle"},{"id":469102,"name":"Feces","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Feces"}],"urls":[{"id":41614909,"url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jas/sky424"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="118489680"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/118489680/Effect_of_mixed_live_yeast_and_lactic_acid_bacteria_on_in_vitro_fermentation_with_varying_media_pH_using_a_high_grain_or_high_forage_diet"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Effect of mixed live yeast and lactic acid bacteria on in vitro fermentation with varying media pH using a high-grain or high-forage diet" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/118489680/Effect_of_mixed_live_yeast_and_lactic_acid_bacteria_on_in_vitro_fermentation_with_varying_media_pH_using_a_high_grain_or_high_forage_diet">Effect of mixed live yeast and lactic acid bacteria on in vitro fermentation with varying media pH using a high-grain or high-forage diet</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Canadian Journal of Animal Science</span><span>, Jun 1, 2021</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Two experiments were conducted to assess the effects of media pH and mixtures (SCEF) of live yeas...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Two experiments were conducted to assess the effects of media pH and mixtures (SCEF) of live yeast [Saccharomyces cerevisiae (SC)] and lactic acid bacteria [Enterococcus faecium (EF)] on gas production (GP), dry matter disappearance (DMD), and volatile fatty acid (VFA) concentrations in batch culture using either high-forage (HF) or high-grain (HG) diets. Diets were evaluated in separate experiments, each as a complete randomized design with 2 (media pH 5.8 and 6.5) × 5 (control, three SCEF, monensin) factorial arrangement of treatments. The SCEF had varying ratios of SC:EF: 0:0 (control), 1.18:1 (SCEF1), 1.25:1 (SCEF2), and 1.32:1 (SCEF3), added on a log10 basis. For the HF diet, supplementation of SCEF had greater GP (P = 0.03) at pH 6.5 and greater DMD (P = 0.03) and VFA concentration (P &amp;lt; 0.01) at pH 5.8 and 6.5 than control. For the HG diet, acetate:propionate (A:P) ratio at pH 6.5 was greater (P = 0.05) for SCEF than control. Increasing ratio of SC to EF in SCEF linearly (P &amp;lt; 0.01) decreased GP and DMD and linearly increased acetate percentage at pH 6.5. These results suggest that optimizing the SC:EF ratio in a mixture of SCEF can help improve rumen fermentation.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="118489680"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="118489680"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 118489680; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=118489680]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=118489680]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 118489680; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='118489680']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 118489680, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=118489680]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":118489680,"title":"Effect of mixed live yeast and lactic acid bacteria on in vitro fermentation with varying media pH using a high-grain or high-forage diet","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"Two experiments were conducted to assess the effects of media pH and mixtures (SCEF) of live yeast [Saccharomyces cerevisiae (SC)] and lactic acid bacteria [Enterococcus faecium (EF)] on gas production (GP), dry matter disappearance (DMD), and volatile fatty acid (VFA) concentrations in batch culture using either high-forage (HF) or high-grain (HG) diets. Diets were evaluated in separate experiments, each as a complete randomized design with 2 (media pH 5.8 and 6.5) × 5 (control, three SCEF, monensin) factorial arrangement of treatments. The SCEF had varying ratios of SC:EF: 0:0 (control), 1.18:1 (SCEF1), 1.25:1 (SCEF2), and 1.32:1 (SCEF3), added on a log10 basis. For the HF diet, supplementation of SCEF had greater GP (P = 0.03) at pH 6.5 and greater DMD (P = 0.03) and VFA concentration (P \u0026amp;lt; 0.01) at pH 5.8 and 6.5 than control. For the HG diet, acetate:propionate (A:P) ratio at pH 6.5 was greater (P = 0.05) for SCEF than control. Increasing ratio of SC to EF in SCEF linearly (P \u0026amp;lt; 0.01) decreased GP and DMD and linearly increased acetate percentage at pH 6.5. These results suggest that optimizing the SC:EF ratio in a mixture of SCEF can help improve rumen fermentation.","publisher":"Canadian Science Publishing","publication_date":{"day":1,"month":6,"year":2021,"errors":{}},"publication_name":"Canadian Journal of Animal Science"},"translated_abstract":"Two experiments were conducted to assess the effects of media pH and mixtures (SCEF) of live yeast [Saccharomyces cerevisiae (SC)] and lactic acid bacteria [Enterococcus faecium (EF)] on gas production (GP), dry matter disappearance (DMD), and volatile fatty acid (VFA) concentrations in batch culture using either high-forage (HF) or high-grain (HG) diets. Diets were evaluated in separate experiments, each as a complete randomized design with 2 (media pH 5.8 and 6.5) × 5 (control, three SCEF, monensin) factorial arrangement of treatments. The SCEF had varying ratios of SC:EF: 0:0 (control), 1.18:1 (SCEF1), 1.25:1 (SCEF2), and 1.32:1 (SCEF3), added on a log10 basis. For the HF diet, supplementation of SCEF had greater GP (P = 0.03) at pH 6.5 and greater DMD (P = 0.03) and VFA concentration (P \u0026amp;lt; 0.01) at pH 5.8 and 6.5 than control. For the HG diet, acetate:propionate (A:P) ratio at pH 6.5 was greater (P = 0.05) for SCEF than control. Increasing ratio of SC to EF in SCEF linearly (P \u0026amp;lt; 0.01) decreased GP and DMD and linearly increased acetate percentage at pH 6.5. These results suggest that optimizing the SC:EF ratio in a mixture of SCEF can help improve rumen fermentation.","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/118489680/Effect_of_mixed_live_yeast_and_lactic_acid_bacteria_on_in_vitro_fermentation_with_varying_media_pH_using_a_high_grain_or_high_forage_diet","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2024-05-03T08:31:46.688-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":171828751,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[],"slug":"Effect_of_mixed_live_yeast_and_lactic_acid_bacteria_on_in_vitro_fermentation_with_varying_media_pH_using_a_high_grain_or_high_forage_diet","translated_slug":"","page_count":null,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","owner":{"id":171828751,"first_name":"wenzhu","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"yang","page_name":"wenzhuyang","domain_name":"independent","created_at":"2020-09-25T14:17:27.588-07:00","display_name":"wenzhu yang","url":"https://independent.academia.edu/wenzhuyang"},"attachments":[],"research_interests":[{"id":523,"name":"Chemistry","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chemistry"},{"id":1040,"name":"Food Science","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Food_Science"},{"id":29980,"name":"Animal Production","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Animal_Production"},{"id":258296,"name":"Forage","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Forage"},{"id":269129,"name":"Fermentation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Fermentation"},{"id":348795,"name":"Ethyl Propionate","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ethyl_Propionate"},{"id":537769,"name":"Enterococcus faecium","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Enterococcus_faecium"},{"id":644860,"name":"Veterinary Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Veterinary_Sciences"},{"id":953277,"name":"Dry Matter","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Dry_Matter"},{"id":1030683,"name":"Rumen","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Rumen"},{"id":1074508,"name":"Lactic Acid","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Lactic_Acid"}],"urls":[{"id":41614908,"url":"https://doi.org/10.1139/cjas-2020-0138"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="118489679"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/118489679/Enzymes_as_Direct_Feed_Additives_for_Ruminants"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Enzymes as Direct-Feed Additives for Ruminants" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/118489679/Enzymes_as_Direct_Feed_Additives_for_Ruminants">Enzymes as Direct-Feed Additives for Ruminants</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Kluwer Academic Publishers eBooks</span><span>, Dec 10, 2005</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">ABSTRACT Fibrolytic enzymes hold great potential to improve feed utilization and productivity in ...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">ABSTRACT Fibrolytic enzymes hold great potential to improve feed utilization and productivity in ruminants. In the past, it was believed that the endogenous activity against plant cell walls could not be augmented by supplementary exogenous enzymes. However, when diets of dairy and beef cattle are supplemented with commercial xylanases and cellulases, animal performance is significantly improved. The most likely site of action is the rumen rather than in the small intestine as is the case for poultry. Because of the complexity of the rumen environment, it has been difficult to identify the exact mode of action for this beneficial response. Since xylanases and cellulases are the main activities that occur in efficacious enzyme mixtures, it may be assumed that the enzymes are having a direct, additive effect on the hydrolysis of plant fiber in the rumen. However, evidence to date suggests that the benefits of exogenous enzymes is synergistic to ruminal endogenous enzymes. This synergy may explain why relatively small amounts of enzyme can have such large effects on animal productivity. Limitations to the exploitation of this technology are the development of an adequate screening system for new enzymes, and the identification of the specific enzyme activities that are critical for efficacy.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="118489679"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="118489679"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 118489679; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=118489679]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=118489679]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 118489679; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='118489679']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 118489679, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=118489679]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":118489679,"title":"Enzymes as Direct-Feed Additives for Ruminants","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"ABSTRACT Fibrolytic enzymes hold great potential to improve feed utilization and productivity in ruminants. In the past, it was believed that the endogenous activity against plant cell walls could not be augmented by supplementary exogenous enzymes. However, when diets of dairy and beef cattle are supplemented with commercial xylanases and cellulases, animal performance is significantly improved. The most likely site of action is the rumen rather than in the small intestine as is the case for poultry. Because of the complexity of the rumen environment, it has been difficult to identify the exact mode of action for this beneficial response. Since xylanases and cellulases are the main activities that occur in efficacious enzyme mixtures, it may be assumed that the enzymes are having a direct, additive effect on the hydrolysis of plant fiber in the rumen. However, evidence to date suggests that the benefits of exogenous enzymes is synergistic to ruminal endogenous enzymes. This synergy may explain why relatively small amounts of enzyme can have such large effects on animal productivity. Limitations to the exploitation of this technology are the development of an adequate screening system for new enzymes, and the identification of the specific enzyme activities that are critical for efficacy.","publisher":"Springer Science+Business Media","publication_date":{"day":10,"month":12,"year":2005,"errors":{}},"publication_name":"Kluwer Academic Publishers eBooks"},"translated_abstract":"ABSTRACT Fibrolytic enzymes hold great potential to improve feed utilization and productivity in ruminants. In the past, it was believed that the endogenous activity against plant cell walls could not be augmented by supplementary exogenous enzymes. However, when diets of dairy and beef cattle are supplemented with commercial xylanases and cellulases, animal performance is significantly improved. The most likely site of action is the rumen rather than in the small intestine as is the case for poultry. Because of the complexity of the rumen environment, it has been difficult to identify the exact mode of action for this beneficial response. Since xylanases and cellulases are the main activities that occur in efficacious enzyme mixtures, it may be assumed that the enzymes are having a direct, additive effect on the hydrolysis of plant fiber in the rumen. However, evidence to date suggests that the benefits of exogenous enzymes is synergistic to ruminal endogenous enzymes. This synergy may explain why relatively small amounts of enzyme can have such large effects on animal productivity. Limitations to the exploitation of this technology are the development of an adequate screening system for new enzymes, and the identification of the specific enzyme activities that are critical for efficacy.","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/118489679/Enzymes_as_Direct_Feed_Additives_for_Ruminants","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2024-05-03T08:31:45.691-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":171828751,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[],"slug":"Enzymes_as_Direct_Feed_Additives_for_Ruminants","translated_slug":"","page_count":null,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","owner":{"id":171828751,"first_name":"wenzhu","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"yang","page_name":"wenzhuyang","domain_name":"independent","created_at":"2020-09-25T14:17:27.588-07:00","display_name":"wenzhu yang","url":"https://independent.academia.edu/wenzhuyang"},"attachments":[],"research_interests":[{"id":5398,"name":"Biotechnology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biotechnology"},{"id":7710,"name":"Biology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biology"},{"id":43685,"name":"Cellulase","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cellulase"},{"id":231661,"name":"Enzyme","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Enzyme"},{"id":1030683,"name":"Rumen","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Rumen"}],"urls":[{"id":41614907,"url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/0-306-46887-5_17"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="118489678"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/118489678/Frosted_corn_silage_with_or_without_bacterial_inoculants_in_dairy_cattle_ration"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Frosted corn silage with or without bacterial inoculants in dairy cattle ration" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/114103556/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/118489678/Frosted_corn_silage_with_or_without_bacterial_inoculants_in_dairy_cattle_ration">Frosted corn silage with or without bacterial inoculants in dairy cattle ration</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Livestock Science</span><span>, May 1, 2012</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="09fb7cfb604b3d38e5d5198f1e39ed6e" 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});</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "09fb7cfb604b3d38e5d5198f1e39ed6e" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=118489678]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":118489678,"title":"Frosted corn silage with or without bacterial inoculants in dairy cattle ration","translated_title":"","metadata":{"publisher":"Elsevier 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wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/118489676/PSXIV_14_Supplementation_of_high_grain_diet_with_red_osier_dogwood_affects_in_vitro_digestibility_and_fermentation_characteristics">PSXIV-14 Supplementation of high-grain diet with red osier dogwood affects in vitro digestibility and fermentation characteristics</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Journal of Animal Science</span><span>, Oct 8, 2021</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Red osier dogwood (ROD) is a native shrub plant rich in phenolic compounds with antimicrobial pro...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Red osier dogwood (ROD) is a native shrub plant rich in phenolic compounds with antimicrobial properties. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of substituting barley silage with either raw ROD or ROD extract (RODE) in high-grain (HG) diet under a low media pH (5.8) on gas production (GP), dry matter (DM) disappearance (DMD) and fermentation characteristics in batch cultures. The study was a completely randomized design with 4 treatments: 1) control diet (10% barley silage and 90% barley concentrate, DM basis), control diet supplemented with 2) monensin (30 mg/kg diet DM; positive control), 3) substitution of 3% ROD or 4) 3% RODE for an equal portion of silage. Inoculum was obtained from 2 ruminally fistulated beef heifers offered the HG diet. Substrate ground (1 mm) was incubated for 24 h and the experiment repeated twice. The GP did not differ among treatments (147 ml/g DM), but the DMD differed (P &amp;amp;amp;lt; 0.02) at highest for control (69.4%), lowest for ROD (58.4%) and intermediate for other treatments (64.1%). Total volatile fatty acid (VFA) concentration (mM) tended (P&amp;amp;amp;lt; 0.08) to be lower with ROD (80.5) and monensin (80.1) than control (83.9). Acetate proportion was greater (P = 0.02) with ROD (46.2%) and RODE (46.9%) than control (42.4%) and monensin (42.3%). However, the propionate proportion was greater (P = 0.05) with monensin (32.1%) than other treatments (averaged 30.1%). Consequently, acetate to propionate ratio (A:P) of ROD (1.52) and RODE (1.56) was higher than monensin (1.32; P &amp;amp;amp;lt; 0.01) and control (1.44; P &amp;amp;amp;lt; 0.08). Differences in variables measured between ROD and RODE were minimal. These results indicated that the decreased DMD along with increased A:P with addition of ROD or RODE suggests that both ROD and RODE may be beneficial to HG fed cattle for reducing risk of rumen acidosis without negatively impacting fibre digestion.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="118489676"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="118489676"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 118489676; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=118489676]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=118489676]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 118489676; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='118489676']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 118489676, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=118489676]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":118489676,"title":"PSXIV-14 Supplementation of high-grain diet with red osier dogwood affects in vitro digestibility and fermentation characteristics","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"Red osier dogwood (ROD) is a native shrub plant rich in phenolic compounds with antimicrobial properties. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of substituting barley silage with either raw ROD or ROD extract (RODE) in high-grain (HG) diet under a low media pH (5.8) on gas production (GP), dry matter (DM) disappearance (DMD) and fermentation characteristics in batch cultures. The study was a completely randomized design with 4 treatments: 1) control diet (10% barley silage and 90% barley concentrate, DM basis), control diet supplemented with 2) monensin (30 mg/kg diet DM; positive control), 3) substitution of 3% ROD or 4) 3% RODE for an equal portion of silage. Inoculum was obtained from 2 ruminally fistulated beef heifers offered the HG diet. Substrate ground (1 mm) was incubated for 24 h and the experiment repeated twice. The GP did not differ among treatments (147 ml/g DM), but the DMD differed (P \u0026amp;amp;amp;lt; 0.02) at highest for control (69.4%), lowest for ROD (58.4%) and intermediate for other treatments (64.1%). Total volatile fatty acid (VFA) concentration (mM) tended (P\u0026amp;amp;amp;lt; 0.08) to be lower with ROD (80.5) and monensin (80.1) than control (83.9). Acetate proportion was greater (P = 0.02) with ROD (46.2%) and RODE (46.9%) than control (42.4%) and monensin (42.3%). However, the propionate proportion was greater (P = 0.05) with monensin (32.1%) than other treatments (averaged 30.1%). Consequently, acetate to propionate ratio (A:P) of ROD (1.52) and RODE (1.56) was higher than monensin (1.32; P \u0026amp;amp;amp;lt; 0.01) and control (1.44; P \u0026amp;amp;amp;lt; 0.08). Differences in variables measured between ROD and RODE were minimal. These results indicated that the decreased DMD along with increased A:P with addition of ROD or RODE suggests that both ROD and RODE may be beneficial to HG fed cattle for reducing risk of rumen acidosis without negatively impacting fibre digestion.","publisher":"Oxford University Press","publication_date":{"day":8,"month":10,"year":2021,"errors":{}},"publication_name":"Journal of Animal Science"},"translated_abstract":"Red osier dogwood (ROD) is a native shrub plant rich in phenolic compounds with antimicrobial properties. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of substituting barley silage with either raw ROD or ROD extract (RODE) in high-grain (HG) diet under a low media pH (5.8) on gas production (GP), dry matter (DM) disappearance (DMD) and fermentation characteristics in batch cultures. The study was a completely randomized design with 4 treatments: 1) control diet (10% barley silage and 90% barley concentrate, DM basis), control diet supplemented with 2) monensin (30 mg/kg diet DM; positive control), 3) substitution of 3% ROD or 4) 3% RODE for an equal portion of silage. Inoculum was obtained from 2 ruminally fistulated beef heifers offered the HG diet. Substrate ground (1 mm) was incubated for 24 h and the experiment repeated twice. The GP did not differ among treatments (147 ml/g DM), but the DMD differed (P \u0026amp;amp;amp;lt; 0.02) at highest for control (69.4%), lowest for ROD (58.4%) and intermediate for other treatments (64.1%). Total volatile fatty acid (VFA) concentration (mM) tended (P\u0026amp;amp;amp;lt; 0.08) to be lower with ROD (80.5) and monensin (80.1) than control (83.9). Acetate proportion was greater (P = 0.02) with ROD (46.2%) and RODE (46.9%) than control (42.4%) and monensin (42.3%). However, the propionate proportion was greater (P = 0.05) with monensin (32.1%) than other treatments (averaged 30.1%). Consequently, acetate to propionate ratio (A:P) of ROD (1.52) and RODE (1.56) was higher than monensin (1.32; P \u0026amp;amp;amp;lt; 0.01) and control (1.44; P \u0026amp;amp;amp;lt; 0.08). Differences in variables measured between ROD and RODE were minimal. These results indicated that the decreased DMD along with increased A:P with addition of ROD or RODE suggests that both ROD and RODE may be beneficial to HG fed cattle for reducing risk of rumen acidosis without negatively impacting fibre digestion.","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/118489676/PSXIV_14_Supplementation_of_high_grain_diet_with_red_osier_dogwood_affects_in_vitro_digestibility_and_fermentation_characteristics","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2024-05-03T08:31:43.785-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":171828751,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[],"slug":"PSXIV_14_Supplementation_of_high_grain_diet_with_red_osier_dogwood_affects_in_vitro_digestibility_and_fermentation_characteristics","translated_slug":"","page_count":null,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","owner":{"id":171828751,"first_name":"wenzhu","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"yang","page_name":"wenzhuyang","domain_name":"independent","created_at":"2020-09-25T14:17:27.588-07:00","display_name":"wenzhu yang","url":"https://independent.academia.edu/wenzhuyang"},"attachments":[],"research_interests":[{"id":523,"name":"Chemistry","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chemistry"},{"id":1035,"name":"Animal Science","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Animal_Science"},{"id":47884,"name":"Biological Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biological_Sciences"},{"id":269129,"name":"Fermentation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Fermentation"},{"id":348795,"name":"Ethyl Propionate","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ethyl_Propionate"},{"id":953277,"name":"Dry Matter","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Dry_Matter"},{"id":1551870,"name":"Silage","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Silage"},{"id":4475916,"name":"Completely Randomized Design","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Completely_Randomized_Design"}],"urls":[{"id":41614904,"url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jas/skab235.840"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="118489674"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/118489674/Effect_of_non_encapsulated_and_encapsulated_active_dried_yeast_on_blood_cell_count_blood_metabolites_and_immune_response_of_finishing_beef_heifers"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Effect of non-encapsulated and encapsulated active dried yeast on blood cell count, blood metabolites, and immune response of finishing beef heifers" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/118489674/Effect_of_non_encapsulated_and_encapsulated_active_dried_yeast_on_blood_cell_count_blood_metabolites_and_immune_response_of_finishing_beef_heifers">Effect of non-encapsulated and encapsulated active dried yeast on blood cell count, blood metabolites, and immune response of finishing beef heifers</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Canadian Journal of Animal Science</span><span>, Jun 1, 2021</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Abstract: A study was conducted to evaluate whether encapsulated active dried yeast (EDY), compar...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Abstract: A study was conducted to evaluate whether encapsulated active dried yeast (EDY), compared with non-protected active dried yeast (ADY) or antibiotics (ANT), improved immune response and blood metabolites of finishing beef heifers. Blood urea nitrogen was lower (P &lt; 0.05) with supplemented ADY and mixture of ADY and EDY (MDY) compared with control. Supplementation of MDY also resulted in lower (P &lt; 0.05) red blood cell distribution width than control. Lipopolysaccharide-binding protein was less (P &lt; 0.05) for EDY than control, ANT, and ADY as well as cytokine concentration of interleukin-6 was less (P &lt; 0.05) for MDY versus control.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="118489674"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="118489674"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 118489674; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=118489674]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=118489674]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 118489674; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='118489674']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 118489674, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=118489674]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":118489674,"title":"Effect of non-encapsulated and encapsulated active dried yeast on blood cell count, blood metabolites, and immune response of finishing beef heifers","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"Abstract: A study was conducted to evaluate whether encapsulated active dried yeast (EDY), compared with non-protected active dried yeast (ADY) or antibiotics (ANT), improved immune response and blood metabolites of finishing beef heifers. Blood urea nitrogen was lower (P \u0026lt; 0.05) with supplemented ADY and mixture of ADY and EDY (MDY) compared with control. Supplementation of MDY also resulted in lower (P \u0026lt; 0.05) red blood cell distribution width than control. Lipopolysaccharide-binding protein was less (P \u0026lt; 0.05) for EDY than control, ANT, and ADY as well as cytokine concentration of interleukin-6 was less (P \u0026lt; 0.05) for MDY versus control.","publisher":"Canadian Science Publishing","publication_date":{"day":1,"month":6,"year":2021,"errors":{}},"publication_name":"Canadian Journal of Animal Science"},"translated_abstract":"Abstract: A study was conducted to evaluate whether encapsulated active dried yeast (EDY), compared with non-protected active dried yeast (ADY) or antibiotics (ANT), improved immune response and blood metabolites of finishing beef heifers. Blood urea nitrogen was lower (P \u0026lt; 0.05) with supplemented ADY and mixture of ADY and EDY (MDY) compared with control. Supplementation of MDY also resulted in lower (P \u0026lt; 0.05) red blood cell distribution width than control. 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="118489670"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/118489670/_Measurement_of_the_digestion_of_dietary_nitrogen_in_different_parts_of_the_sheep_digestive_tract_using_the_nylon_bag_technic_"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of [Measurement of the digestion of dietary nitrogen in different parts of the sheep digestive tract using the nylon bag technic]" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/118489670/_Measurement_of_the_digestion_of_dietary_nitrogen_in_different_parts_of_the_sheep_digestive_tract_using_the_nylon_bag_technic_">[Measurement of the digestion of dietary nitrogen in different parts of the sheep digestive tract using the nylon bag technic]</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>PubMed</span><span>, 1988</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">The nylon bag technique, standardized for studies in the rumen, was extended to the abomasum, sma...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">The nylon bag technique, standardized for studies in the rumen, was extended to the abomasum, small and large intestines. This simple and physiological method provided valuable information on the nitrogen digestion of several feeds.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="118489670"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="118489670"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 118489670; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=118489670]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=118489670]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 118489670; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='118489670']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 118489670, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=118489670]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":118489670,"title":"[Measurement of the digestion of dietary nitrogen in different parts of the sheep digestive tract using the nylon bag technic]","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"The nylon bag technique, standardized for studies in the rumen, was extended to the abomasum, small and large intestines. 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The study was designed as a 2×2×2 factorial arrangement with treatments: test weight (TW; low vs. high), precision processing (PP; control vs. PP), and processing index (PI; 75 vs. 85%). Ten barley samples with 5 low (574 g/L) and 5 high (632 g/L) TW were either dry-rolled with single roller setting (control) or sieved into small and large kernels, then dry-rolled based on kernel size of each fraction (i.e., PP). Each sample was dry-rolled moderately or coarsely with PI of 75 or 85%, respectively. Intestinal DM digestibility (iDMD; % of ruminal residue input) of barley grains was determined using the modified three-step in vitro procedure. Barley samples were incubated in the rumen for 12 h to produce ruminal residues using three beef heifers (650 ± 25 kg BW) fitted with rumen cannula and fed a diet consisting of 70% barley silage and 30% barley grain. Ruminal residues were incubated in 1 N HCl containing 1 g/L of pepsin for 1 h, and then in phosphate buffer (pH 7.8) containing pancreatin at 39°C for 24 h. An interaction between TW and PP (P &amp;lt; 0.02) and between PP and PI (P &amp;lt; 0.01) was detected but not between TW and PI (P &amp;gt; 0.05). The iDMD was greater (P &amp;lt; 0.01) with high (25.6%) than with low (23.1%) TW of barley grain for control barley, whereas the iDMD was not different between the low (20.2%) and high TW (20.4%) for PP barley. Compared to control processing, PP reduced (P &amp;lt; 0.01) the iDMD (PP vs. control; 13.5 vs. 21.2%) for processed barley with PI of 85% but not for barley with PI of 75% (27.3%). Decreasing PI from 85 to 75% increased (P&amp;lt; 0.01) iDMD from 17.3 to 27.4%. These results indicate that the intestinal digestibility of barley grain varied with TW, processing method, and extent of processing. It suggests that manipulating these factors may partly shift grain starch digestion from the rumen to the intestine, thereby potentially reduce rumen acidosis and improve feed efficiency in feedlot beef cattle fed high-grain diet. Keywords: barley grain, precision processing, in vitro intestinal digestibility</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="118489669"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="118489669"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 118489669; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=118489669]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=118489669]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 118489669; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='118489669']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 118489669, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=118489669]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":118489669,"title":"Effects of test weight and processing method on in vitro intestinal digestibility of barley grain","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"ABSTRACT Abstract Text: An in vitro study was conducted to investigate the effects of test weight and processing method on intestinal digestibility of barley grain following ruminal incubation. The study was designed as a 2×2×2 factorial arrangement with treatments: test weight (TW; low vs. high), precision processing (PP; control vs. PP), and processing index (PI; 75 vs. 85%). Ten barley samples with 5 low (574 g/L) and 5 high (632 g/L) TW were either dry-rolled with single roller setting (control) or sieved into small and large kernels, then dry-rolled based on kernel size of each fraction (i.e., PP). Each sample was dry-rolled moderately or coarsely with PI of 75 or 85%, respectively. Intestinal DM digestibility (iDMD; % of ruminal residue input) of barley grains was determined using the modified three-step in vitro procedure. Barley samples were incubated in the rumen for 12 h to produce ruminal residues using three beef heifers (650 ± 25 kg BW) fitted with rumen cannula and fed a diet consisting of 70% barley silage and 30% barley grain. Ruminal residues were incubated in 1 N HCl containing 1 g/L of pepsin for 1 h, and then in phosphate buffer (pH 7.8) containing pancreatin at 39°C for 24 h. An interaction between TW and PP (P \u0026amp;lt; 0.02) and between PP and PI (P \u0026amp;lt; 0.01) was detected but not between TW and PI (P \u0026amp;gt; 0.05). The iDMD was greater (P \u0026amp;lt; 0.01) with high (25.6%) than with low (23.1%) TW of barley grain for control barley, whereas the iDMD was not different between the low (20.2%) and high TW (20.4%) for PP barley. Compared to control processing, PP reduced (P \u0026amp;lt; 0.01) the iDMD (PP vs. control; 13.5 vs. 21.2%) for processed barley with PI of 85% but not for barley with PI of 75% (27.3%). Decreasing PI from 85 to 75% increased (P\u0026amp;lt; 0.01) iDMD from 17.3 to 27.4%. These results indicate that the intestinal digestibility of barley grain varied with TW, processing method, and extent of processing. It suggests that manipulating these factors may partly shift grain starch digestion from the rumen to the intestine, thereby potentially reduce rumen acidosis and improve feed efficiency in feedlot beef cattle fed high-grain diet. Keywords: barley grain, precision processing, in vitro intestinal digestibility","publication_date":{"day":21,"month":7,"year":2014,"errors":{}},"publication_name":"2014 ADSA-ASAS-CSAS Joint Annual Meeting"},"translated_abstract":"ABSTRACT Abstract Text: An in vitro study was conducted to investigate the effects of test weight and processing method on intestinal digestibility of barley grain following ruminal incubation. The study was designed as a 2×2×2 factorial arrangement with treatments: test weight (TW; low vs. high), precision processing (PP; control vs. PP), and processing index (PI; 75 vs. 85%). Ten barley samples with 5 low (574 g/L) and 5 high (632 g/L) TW were either dry-rolled with single roller setting (control) or sieved into small and large kernels, then dry-rolled based on kernel size of each fraction (i.e., PP). Each sample was dry-rolled moderately or coarsely with PI of 75 or 85%, respectively. Intestinal DM digestibility (iDMD; % of ruminal residue input) of barley grains was determined using the modified three-step in vitro procedure. Barley samples were incubated in the rumen for 12 h to produce ruminal residues using three beef heifers (650 ± 25 kg BW) fitted with rumen cannula and fed a diet consisting of 70% barley silage and 30% barley grain. Ruminal residues were incubated in 1 N HCl containing 1 g/L of pepsin for 1 h, and then in phosphate buffer (pH 7.8) containing pancreatin at 39°C for 24 h. An interaction between TW and PP (P \u0026amp;lt; 0.02) and between PP and PI (P \u0026amp;lt; 0.01) was detected but not between TW and PI (P \u0026amp;gt; 0.05). The iDMD was greater (P \u0026amp;lt; 0.01) with high (25.6%) than with low (23.1%) TW of barley grain for control barley, whereas the iDMD was not different between the low (20.2%) and high TW (20.4%) for PP barley. Compared to control processing, PP reduced (P \u0026amp;lt; 0.01) the iDMD (PP vs. control; 13.5 vs. 21.2%) for processed barley with PI of 85% but not for barley with PI of 75% (27.3%). Decreasing PI from 85 to 75% increased (P\u0026amp;lt; 0.01) iDMD from 17.3 to 27.4%. These results indicate that the intestinal digestibility of barley grain varied with TW, processing method, and extent of processing. It suggests that manipulating these factors may partly shift grain starch digestion from the rumen to the intestine, thereby potentially reduce rumen acidosis and improve feed efficiency in feedlot beef cattle fed high-grain diet. Keywords: barley grain, precision processing, in vitro intestinal digestibility","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/118489669/Effects_of_test_weight_and_processing_method_on_in_vitro_intestinal_digestibility_of_barley_grain","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2024-05-03T08:31:41.500-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":171828751,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[],"slug":"Effects_of_test_weight_and_processing_method_on_in_vitro_intestinal_digestibility_of_barley_grain","translated_slug":"","page_count":null,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","owner":{"id":171828751,"first_name":"wenzhu","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"yang","page_name":"wenzhuyang","domain_name":"independent","created_at":"2020-09-25T14:17:27.588-07:00","display_name":"wenzhu yang","url":"https://independent.academia.edu/wenzhuyang"},"attachments":[],"research_interests":[{"id":523,"name":"Chemistry","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chemistry"}],"urls":[{"id":41614898,"url":"https://asas.confex.com/asas/jam2014/webprogram/Paper5748.html"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="118489668"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/118489668/PSX_B_10_Effect_of_undigested_neutral_detergent_fiber_concentration_and_forage_inclusion_rate_on_ruminal_pH_reticular_motility_and_total_tract_permeability_for_finishing_beef_heifers"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of PSX-B-10 Effect of undigested neutral detergent fiber concentration and forage inclusion rate on ruminal pH, reticular motility, and total tract permeability for finishing beef heifers" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/118489668/PSX_B_10_Effect_of_undigested_neutral_detergent_fiber_concentration_and_forage_inclusion_rate_on_ruminal_pH_reticular_motility_and_total_tract_permeability_for_finishing_beef_heifers">PSX-B-10 Effect of undigested neutral detergent fiber concentration and forage inclusion rate on ruminal pH, reticular motility, and total tract permeability for finishing beef heifers</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Journal of Animal Science</span><span>, Oct 8, 2021</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">This study evaluated the effects of undigested neutral detergent fiber (uNDF) concentration and f...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">This study evaluated the effects of undigested neutral detergent fiber (uNDF) concentration and forage inclusion (FI) rate on dry matter (DM) intake, ruminal pH, reticular contractions, and gastrointestinal permeability for finishing beef cattle. Five ruminally cannulated Hereford′Simmental heifers (699±69.1 kg) were used in an incomplete 6×6 Latin square (26-d periods) with a 2×3 factorial treatment arrangement. Barley grain-based diets were formulated using barley silage or wheat straw to provide low or high uNDF (7.1 vs. 8.5% DM) with forage proportions of 5, 10, or 15% of dietary DM. Dry matter intake (P ≥ 0.10) and eating time (P ≥ 0.13) were not affected by uNDF, FI, or uNDF′FI. With low uNDF diets, increasing FI numerically (P = 0.02) increased rumination time (min/d); while, with high uNDF diets, rumination time increased with 5 to 10% FI, but not thereafter (P = 0.03). Mean ruminal pH was not affected by uNDF (6.17 vs. 6.19; P = 0.08), but increased with increasing FI (6.04b, 6.23a, and 6.28a; P = 0.02). Duration of ruminal pH < 5.5 was not affected by uNDF but tended (P = 0.07) to be reduced with increasing FI. High uNDF diet tended to increase the frequency of reticular contractions (1.43 vs. 1.51 contractions/min; P = 0.07) but decreased the contraction duration (13.2 vs. 14.1 sec; P = 0.04). Increasing FI increased contraction frequency (1.39b, 1.50a, and 1.53a contractions/min; P = 0.03) and tended to reduce contraction duration as forage increased from 5 to 10 and 15% (14.3, 13.1, and 13.6 sec; P = 0.07). Feeding high uNDF decreased (P = 0.05) permeability of the gastrointestinal tract based on the appearance of Cr-EDTA in urine following an intra-ruminal dose. Increasing FI tended to reduce gastrointestinal tract permeability (P = 0.06). Limited interactions indicate that uNDF and FI act independently suggesting that increasing dietary uNDF, without increasing FI rate, can stimulate frequency of reticulo-ruminal contractions and reduce gastrointestinal permeability for finishing cattle.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="118489668"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="118489668"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 118489668; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=118489668]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=118489668]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 118489668; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='118489668']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 118489668, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=118489668]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":118489668,"title":"PSX-B-10 Effect of undigested neutral detergent fiber concentration and forage inclusion rate on ruminal pH, reticular motility, and total tract permeability for finishing beef heifers","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"This study evaluated the effects of undigested neutral detergent fiber (uNDF) concentration and forage inclusion (FI) rate on dry matter (DM) intake, ruminal pH, reticular contractions, and gastrointestinal permeability for finishing beef cattle. Five ruminally cannulated Hereford′Simmental heifers (699±69.1 kg) were used in an incomplete 6×6 Latin square (26-d periods) with a 2×3 factorial treatment arrangement. Barley grain-based diets were formulated using barley silage or wheat straw to provide low or high uNDF (7.1 vs. 8.5% DM) with forage proportions of 5, 10, or 15% of dietary DM. Dry matter intake (P ≥ 0.10) and eating time (P ≥ 0.13) were not affected by uNDF, FI, or uNDF′FI. With low uNDF diets, increasing FI numerically (P = 0.02) increased rumination time (min/d); while, with high uNDF diets, rumination time increased with 5 to 10% FI, but not thereafter (P = 0.03). Mean ruminal pH was not affected by uNDF (6.17 vs. 6.19; P = 0.08), but increased with increasing FI (6.04b, 6.23a, and 6.28a; P = 0.02). Duration of ruminal pH \u003c 5.5 was not affected by uNDF but tended (P = 0.07) to be reduced with increasing FI. High uNDF diet tended to increase the frequency of reticular contractions (1.43 vs. 1.51 contractions/min; P = 0.07) but decreased the contraction duration (13.2 vs. 14.1 sec; P = 0.04). Increasing FI increased contraction frequency (1.39b, 1.50a, and 1.53a contractions/min; P = 0.03) and tended to reduce contraction duration as forage increased from 5 to 10 and 15% (14.3, 13.1, and 13.6 sec; P = 0.07). Feeding high uNDF decreased (P = 0.05) permeability of the gastrointestinal tract based on the appearance of Cr-EDTA in urine following an intra-ruminal dose. Increasing FI tended to reduce gastrointestinal tract permeability (P = 0.06). Limited interactions indicate that uNDF and FI act independently suggesting that increasing dietary uNDF, without increasing FI rate, can stimulate frequency of reticulo-ruminal contractions and reduce gastrointestinal permeability for finishing cattle.","publisher":"Oxford University Press","publication_date":{"day":8,"month":10,"year":2021,"errors":{}},"publication_name":"Journal of Animal Science"},"translated_abstract":"This study evaluated the effects of undigested neutral detergent fiber (uNDF) concentration and forage inclusion (FI) rate on dry matter (DM) intake, ruminal pH, reticular contractions, and gastrointestinal permeability for finishing beef cattle. Five ruminally cannulated Hereford′Simmental heifers (699±69.1 kg) were used in an incomplete 6×6 Latin square (26-d periods) with a 2×3 factorial treatment arrangement. Barley grain-based diets were formulated using barley silage or wheat straw to provide low or high uNDF (7.1 vs. 8.5% DM) with forage proportions of 5, 10, or 15% of dietary DM. Dry matter intake (P ≥ 0.10) and eating time (P ≥ 0.13) were not affected by uNDF, FI, or uNDF′FI. With low uNDF diets, increasing FI numerically (P = 0.02) increased rumination time (min/d); while, with high uNDF diets, rumination time increased with 5 to 10% FI, but not thereafter (P = 0.03). Mean ruminal pH was not affected by uNDF (6.17 vs. 6.19; P = 0.08), but increased with increasing FI (6.04b, 6.23a, and 6.28a; P = 0.02). Duration of ruminal pH \u003c 5.5 was not affected by uNDF but tended (P = 0.07) to be reduced with increasing FI. High uNDF diet tended to increase the frequency of reticular contractions (1.43 vs. 1.51 contractions/min; P = 0.07) but decreased the contraction duration (13.2 vs. 14.1 sec; P = 0.04). Increasing FI increased contraction frequency (1.39b, 1.50a, and 1.53a contractions/min; P = 0.03) and tended to reduce contraction duration as forage increased from 5 to 10 and 15% (14.3, 13.1, and 13.6 sec; P = 0.07). Feeding high uNDF decreased (P = 0.05) permeability of the gastrointestinal tract based on the appearance of Cr-EDTA in urine following an intra-ruminal dose. Increasing FI tended to reduce gastrointestinal tract permeability (P = 0.06). Limited interactions indicate that uNDF and FI act independently suggesting that increasing dietary uNDF, without increasing FI rate, can stimulate frequency of reticulo-ruminal contractions and reduce gastrointestinal permeability for finishing cattle.","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/118489668/PSX_B_10_Effect_of_undigested_neutral_detergent_fiber_concentration_and_forage_inclusion_rate_on_ruminal_pH_reticular_motility_and_total_tract_permeability_for_finishing_beef_heifers","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2024-05-03T08:31:41.268-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":171828751,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[],"slug":"PSX_B_10_Effect_of_undigested_neutral_detergent_fiber_concentration_and_forage_inclusion_rate_on_ruminal_pH_reticular_motility_and_total_tract_permeability_for_finishing_beef_heifers","translated_slug":"","page_count":null,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","owner":{"id":171828751,"first_name":"wenzhu","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"yang","page_name":"wenzhuyang","domain_name":"independent","created_at":"2020-09-25T14:17:27.588-07:00","display_name":"wenzhu yang","url":"https://independent.academia.edu/wenzhuyang"},"attachments":[],"research_interests":[{"id":523,"name":"Chemistry","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chemistry"},{"id":1035,"name":"Animal Science","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Animal_Science"},{"id":47884,"name":"Biological Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biological_Sciences"},{"id":262783,"name":"Beef Cattle","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Beef_Cattle"},{"id":953277,"name":"Dry Matter","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Dry_Matter"},{"id":1030683,"name":"Rumen","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Rumen"},{"id":3795182,"name":"Neutral Detergent Fiber","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Neutral_Detergent_Fiber"}],"urls":[{"id":41614897,"url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8506673"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="118489667"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/118489667/PSXIV_11_Silage_source_physically_effective_neutral_detergent_fiber_and_undigested_neutral_detergent_fiber_concentrations_affect_eating_behavior_ruminal_pH_and_reticular_motility_of_finishing_heifers"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of PSXIV-11 Silage source, physically effective neutral detergent fiber, and undigested neutral detergent fiber concentrations affect eating behavior, ruminal pH and reticular motility of finishing heifers" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/118489667/PSXIV_11_Silage_source_physically_effective_neutral_detergent_fiber_and_undigested_neutral_detergent_fiber_concentrations_affect_eating_behavior_ruminal_pH_and_reticular_motility_of_finishing_heifers">PSXIV-11 Silage source, physically effective neutral detergent fiber, and undigested neutral detergent fiber concentrations affect eating behavior, ruminal pH and reticular motility of finishing heifers</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Journal of Animal Science</span><span>, Oct 8, 2021</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">This study evaluated the effects of silage source, physically effective neutral detergent fiber (...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">This study evaluated the effects of silage source, physically effective neutral detergent fiber (peNDF), and undigested neutral detergent fiber (uNDF) concentrations on eating behavior, ruminal pH, and reticular contractions for finishing beef heifers. Six Hereford′Simmental heifers (579±51.2 kg) were used in a replicated 6×6 Latin square (21-d periods) balanced for carry-over effects with 2×2 + 2 factorial treatment arrangement. Barley grain-based diets included barley (BarS) or wheat silage (WhS) at 10% of dietary DM. Silages were harvested at two chop lengths to yield low (LpeNDF) vs. high peNDF (HpeNDF) silage. For both BarS and WhS, chopped wheat straw was included (5% of DM) by replacing an equal proportion of LpeNDF silages to evaluate low vs. high uNDF (7.3 vs. 8.2% dietary DM) concentrations. Heifers fed HpeNDF WhS had greater DMI (silage′peNDF; P &amp;lt; 0.01) than those fed HpeNDF BarS, but DMI did not differ for LpeNDF treatments. Ruminating and eating time increased for heifers fed HpeNDF WhS relative to LpeNDF WhS, but were not different for BarS (silage′peNDF; P ≤ 0.02). Increasing uNDF increased eating and ruminating times for heifers fed WhS, but not BarS (silage′uNDF; P ≤ 0.03). Mean ruminal pH averaged 5.97 and was not affected by silage, peNDF, uNDF, or the interactions (P ≥ 0.12). Feeding BarS increased the duration (384 vs. 256 min/d; P = 0.02) and area (84.5 vs. 43.8 pH×min/d; P = 0.02) that pH was &amp;lt; 5.5 relative to WhS. Increasing peNDF numerically reduced the frequency of reticular contractions when fed BarS but numerically increased them when fed WhS (silage′peNDF; P &amp;lt; 0.01). Reticular contractions were not affected by dietary uNDF concentration (P ≥ 0.13). These data highlight that at a constant inclusion rate, silage source and chop length interact to affect DMI, eating behavior, ruminal pH, and reticular motility indicating the need to account for silage type, peNDF, and uNDF in diet formulation for finishing cattle.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="118489667"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="118489667"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 118489667; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=118489667]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=118489667]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 118489667; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='118489667']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 118489667, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=118489667]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":118489667,"title":"PSXIV-11 Silage source, physically effective neutral detergent fiber, and undigested neutral detergent fiber concentrations affect eating behavior, ruminal pH and reticular motility of finishing heifers","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"This study evaluated the effects of silage source, physically effective neutral detergent fiber (peNDF), and undigested neutral detergent fiber (uNDF) concentrations on eating behavior, ruminal pH, and reticular contractions for finishing beef heifers. Six Hereford′Simmental heifers (579±51.2 kg) were used in a replicated 6×6 Latin square (21-d periods) balanced for carry-over effects with 2×2 + 2 factorial treatment arrangement. Barley grain-based diets included barley (BarS) or wheat silage (WhS) at 10% of dietary DM. Silages were harvested at two chop lengths to yield low (LpeNDF) vs. high peNDF (HpeNDF) silage. For both BarS and WhS, chopped wheat straw was included (5% of DM) by replacing an equal proportion of LpeNDF silages to evaluate low vs. high uNDF (7.3 vs. 8.2% dietary DM) concentrations. Heifers fed HpeNDF WhS had greater DMI (silage′peNDF; P \u0026amp;lt; 0.01) than those fed HpeNDF BarS, but DMI did not differ for LpeNDF treatments. Ruminating and eating time increased for heifers fed HpeNDF WhS relative to LpeNDF WhS, but were not different for BarS (silage′peNDF; P ≤ 0.02). Increasing uNDF increased eating and ruminating times for heifers fed WhS, but not BarS (silage′uNDF; P ≤ 0.03). Mean ruminal pH averaged 5.97 and was not affected by silage, peNDF, uNDF, or the interactions (P ≥ 0.12). Feeding BarS increased the duration (384 vs. 256 min/d; P = 0.02) and area (84.5 vs. 43.8 pH×min/d; P = 0.02) that pH was \u0026amp;lt; 5.5 relative to WhS. Increasing peNDF numerically reduced the frequency of reticular contractions when fed BarS but numerically increased them when fed WhS (silage′peNDF; P \u0026amp;lt; 0.01). Reticular contractions were not affected by dietary uNDF concentration (P ≥ 0.13). These data highlight that at a constant inclusion rate, silage source and chop length interact to affect DMI, eating behavior, ruminal pH, and reticular motility indicating the need to account for silage type, peNDF, and uNDF in diet formulation for finishing cattle.","publisher":"Oxford University Press","publication_date":{"day":8,"month":10,"year":2021,"errors":{}},"publication_name":"Journal of Animal Science"},"translated_abstract":"This study evaluated the effects of silage source, physically effective neutral detergent fiber (peNDF), and undigested neutral detergent fiber (uNDF) concentrations on eating behavior, ruminal pH, and reticular contractions for finishing beef heifers. Six Hereford′Simmental heifers (579±51.2 kg) were used in a replicated 6×6 Latin square (21-d periods) balanced for carry-over effects with 2×2 + 2 factorial treatment arrangement. Barley grain-based diets included barley (BarS) or wheat silage (WhS) at 10% of dietary DM. Silages were harvested at two chop lengths to yield low (LpeNDF) vs. high peNDF (HpeNDF) silage. For both BarS and WhS, chopped wheat straw was included (5% of DM) by replacing an equal proportion of LpeNDF silages to evaluate low vs. high uNDF (7.3 vs. 8.2% dietary DM) concentrations. Heifers fed HpeNDF WhS had greater DMI (silage′peNDF; P \u0026amp;lt; 0.01) than those fed HpeNDF BarS, but DMI did not differ for LpeNDF treatments. Ruminating and eating time increased for heifers fed HpeNDF WhS relative to LpeNDF WhS, but were not different for BarS (silage′peNDF; P ≤ 0.02). Increasing uNDF increased eating and ruminating times for heifers fed WhS, but not BarS (silage′uNDF; P ≤ 0.03). Mean ruminal pH averaged 5.97 and was not affected by silage, peNDF, uNDF, or the interactions (P ≥ 0.12). Feeding BarS increased the duration (384 vs. 256 min/d; P = 0.02) and area (84.5 vs. 43.8 pH×min/d; P = 0.02) that pH was \u0026amp;lt; 5.5 relative to WhS. Increasing peNDF numerically reduced the frequency of reticular contractions when fed BarS but numerically increased them when fed WhS (silage′peNDF; P \u0026amp;lt; 0.01). Reticular contractions were not affected by dietary uNDF concentration (P ≥ 0.13). These data highlight that at a constant inclusion rate, silage source and chop length interact to affect DMI, eating behavior, ruminal pH, and reticular motility indicating the need to account for silage type, peNDF, and uNDF in diet formulation for finishing cattle.","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/118489667/PSXIV_11_Silage_source_physically_effective_neutral_detergent_fiber_and_undigested_neutral_detergent_fiber_concentrations_affect_eating_behavior_ruminal_pH_and_reticular_motility_of_finishing_heifers","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2024-05-03T08:31:40.991-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":171828751,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[],"slug":"PSXIV_11_Silage_source_physically_effective_neutral_detergent_fiber_and_undigested_neutral_detergent_fiber_concentrations_affect_eating_behavior_ruminal_pH_and_reticular_motility_of_finishing_heifers","translated_slug":"","page_count":null,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","owner":{"id":171828751,"first_name":"wenzhu","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"yang","page_name":"wenzhuyang","domain_name":"independent","created_at":"2020-09-25T14:17:27.588-07:00","display_name":"wenzhu yang","url":"https://independent.academia.edu/wenzhuyang"},"attachments":[],"research_interests":[{"id":523,"name":"Chemistry","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chemistry"},{"id":1035,"name":"Animal Science","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Animal_Science"},{"id":47884,"name":"Biological Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biological_Sciences"},{"id":1551870,"name":"Silage","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Silage"},{"id":3795182,"name":"Neutral Detergent Fiber","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Neutral_Detergent_Fiber"}],"urls":[{"id":41614896,"url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jas/skab235.839"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> </div><div class="profile--tab_content_container js-tab-pane tab-pane" data-section-id="19175672" id="papers"><div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="118489681"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/118489681/Using_ruminally_protected_and_nonprotected_active_dried_yeast_as_alternatives_to_antibiotics_in_finishing_beef_steers_growth_performance_carcass_traits_blood_metabolites_and_fecal_Escherichia_coli"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Using ruminally protected and nonprotected active dried yeast as alternatives to antibiotics in finishing beef steers: growth performance, carcass traits, blood metabolites, and fecal Escherichia coli" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/114103557/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/118489681/Using_ruminally_protected_and_nonprotected_active_dried_yeast_as_alternatives_to_antibiotics_in_finishing_beef_steers_growth_performance_carcass_traits_blood_metabolites_and_fecal_Escherichia_coli">Using ruminally protected and nonprotected active dried yeast as alternatives to antibiotics in finishing beef steers: growth performance, carcass traits, blood metabolites, and fecal Escherichia coli</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Journal of Animal Science</span><span>, Dec 1, 2018</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="42ed159143219e4fab543fd1a2f04418" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":114103557,"asset_id":118489681,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/114103557/download_file?st=MTczMjQ0NzU0Miw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczMjQ0NzU0MSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="118489681"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="118489681"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 118489681; 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="118489680"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/118489680/Effect_of_mixed_live_yeast_and_lactic_acid_bacteria_on_in_vitro_fermentation_with_varying_media_pH_using_a_high_grain_or_high_forage_diet"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Effect of mixed live yeast and lactic acid bacteria on in vitro fermentation with varying media pH using a high-grain or high-forage diet" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/118489680/Effect_of_mixed_live_yeast_and_lactic_acid_bacteria_on_in_vitro_fermentation_with_varying_media_pH_using_a_high_grain_or_high_forage_diet">Effect of mixed live yeast and lactic acid bacteria on in vitro fermentation with varying media pH using a high-grain or high-forage diet</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Canadian Journal of Animal Science</span><span>, Jun 1, 2021</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Two experiments were conducted to assess the effects of media pH and mixtures (SCEF) of live yeas...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Two experiments were conducted to assess the effects of media pH and mixtures (SCEF) of live yeast [Saccharomyces cerevisiae (SC)] and lactic acid bacteria [Enterococcus faecium (EF)] on gas production (GP), dry matter disappearance (DMD), and volatile fatty acid (VFA) concentrations in batch culture using either high-forage (HF) or high-grain (HG) diets. Diets were evaluated in separate experiments, each as a complete randomized design with 2 (media pH 5.8 and 6.5) × 5 (control, three SCEF, monensin) factorial arrangement of treatments. The SCEF had varying ratios of SC:EF: 0:0 (control), 1.18:1 (SCEF1), 1.25:1 (SCEF2), and 1.32:1 (SCEF3), added on a log10 basis. For the HF diet, supplementation of SCEF had greater GP (P = 0.03) at pH 6.5 and greater DMD (P = 0.03) and VFA concentration (P &amp;lt; 0.01) at pH 5.8 and 6.5 than control. For the HG diet, acetate:propionate (A:P) ratio at pH 6.5 was greater (P = 0.05) for SCEF than control. Increasing ratio of SC to EF in SCEF linearly (P &amp;lt; 0.01) decreased GP and DMD and linearly increased acetate percentage at pH 6.5. These results suggest that optimizing the SC:EF ratio in a mixture of SCEF can help improve rumen fermentation.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="118489680"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="118489680"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 118489680; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=118489680]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=118489680]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 118489680; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='118489680']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 118489680, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=118489680]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":118489680,"title":"Effect of mixed live yeast and lactic acid bacteria on in vitro fermentation with varying media pH using a high-grain or high-forage diet","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"Two experiments were conducted to assess the effects of media pH and mixtures (SCEF) of live yeast [Saccharomyces cerevisiae (SC)] and lactic acid bacteria [Enterococcus faecium (EF)] on gas production (GP), dry matter disappearance (DMD), and volatile fatty acid (VFA) concentrations in batch culture using either high-forage (HF) or high-grain (HG) diets. Diets were evaluated in separate experiments, each as a complete randomized design with 2 (media pH 5.8 and 6.5) × 5 (control, three SCEF, monensin) factorial arrangement of treatments. The SCEF had varying ratios of SC:EF: 0:0 (control), 1.18:1 (SCEF1), 1.25:1 (SCEF2), and 1.32:1 (SCEF3), added on a log10 basis. For the HF diet, supplementation of SCEF had greater GP (P = 0.03) at pH 6.5 and greater DMD (P = 0.03) and VFA concentration (P \u0026amp;lt; 0.01) at pH 5.8 and 6.5 than control. For the HG diet, acetate:propionate (A:P) ratio at pH 6.5 was greater (P = 0.05) for SCEF than control. Increasing ratio of SC to EF in SCEF linearly (P \u0026amp;lt; 0.01) decreased GP and DMD and linearly increased acetate percentage at pH 6.5. These results suggest that optimizing the SC:EF ratio in a mixture of SCEF can help improve rumen fermentation.","publisher":"Canadian Science Publishing","publication_date":{"day":1,"month":6,"year":2021,"errors":{}},"publication_name":"Canadian Journal of Animal Science"},"translated_abstract":"Two experiments were conducted to assess the effects of media pH and mixtures (SCEF) of live yeast [Saccharomyces cerevisiae (SC)] and lactic acid bacteria [Enterococcus faecium (EF)] on gas production (GP), dry matter disappearance (DMD), and volatile fatty acid (VFA) concentrations in batch culture using either high-forage (HF) or high-grain (HG) diets. Diets were evaluated in separate experiments, each as a complete randomized design with 2 (media pH 5.8 and 6.5) × 5 (control, three SCEF, monensin) factorial arrangement of treatments. The SCEF had varying ratios of SC:EF: 0:0 (control), 1.18:1 (SCEF1), 1.25:1 (SCEF2), and 1.32:1 (SCEF3), added on a log10 basis. For the HF diet, supplementation of SCEF had greater GP (P = 0.03) at pH 6.5 and greater DMD (P = 0.03) and VFA concentration (P \u0026amp;lt; 0.01) at pH 5.8 and 6.5 than control. For the HG diet, acetate:propionate (A:P) ratio at pH 6.5 was greater (P = 0.05) for SCEF than control. Increasing ratio of SC to EF in SCEF linearly (P \u0026amp;lt; 0.01) decreased GP and DMD and linearly increased acetate percentage at pH 6.5. These results suggest that optimizing the SC:EF ratio in a mixture of SCEF can help improve rumen fermentation.","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/118489680/Effect_of_mixed_live_yeast_and_lactic_acid_bacteria_on_in_vitro_fermentation_with_varying_media_pH_using_a_high_grain_or_high_forage_diet","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2024-05-03T08:31:46.688-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":171828751,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[],"slug":"Effect_of_mixed_live_yeast_and_lactic_acid_bacteria_on_in_vitro_fermentation_with_varying_media_pH_using_a_high_grain_or_high_forage_diet","translated_slug":"","page_count":null,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","owner":{"id":171828751,"first_name":"wenzhu","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"yang","page_name":"wenzhuyang","domain_name":"independent","created_at":"2020-09-25T14:17:27.588-07:00","display_name":"wenzhu yang","url":"https://independent.academia.edu/wenzhuyang"},"attachments":[],"research_interests":[{"id":523,"name":"Chemistry","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chemistry"},{"id":1040,"name":"Food Science","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Food_Science"},{"id":29980,"name":"Animal Production","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Animal_Production"},{"id":258296,"name":"Forage","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Forage"},{"id":269129,"name":"Fermentation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Fermentation"},{"id":348795,"name":"Ethyl Propionate","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ethyl_Propionate"},{"id":537769,"name":"Enterococcus faecium","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Enterococcus_faecium"},{"id":644860,"name":"Veterinary Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Veterinary_Sciences"},{"id":953277,"name":"Dry Matter","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Dry_Matter"},{"id":1030683,"name":"Rumen","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Rumen"},{"id":1074508,"name":"Lactic Acid","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Lactic_Acid"}],"urls":[{"id":41614908,"url":"https://doi.org/10.1139/cjas-2020-0138"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="118489679"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/118489679/Enzymes_as_Direct_Feed_Additives_for_Ruminants"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Enzymes as Direct-Feed Additives for Ruminants" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/118489679/Enzymes_as_Direct_Feed_Additives_for_Ruminants">Enzymes as Direct-Feed Additives for Ruminants</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Kluwer Academic Publishers eBooks</span><span>, Dec 10, 2005</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">ABSTRACT Fibrolytic enzymes hold great potential to improve feed utilization and productivity in ...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">ABSTRACT Fibrolytic enzymes hold great potential to improve feed utilization and productivity in ruminants. In the past, it was believed that the endogenous activity against plant cell walls could not be augmented by supplementary exogenous enzymes. However, when diets of dairy and beef cattle are supplemented with commercial xylanases and cellulases, animal performance is significantly improved. The most likely site of action is the rumen rather than in the small intestine as is the case for poultry. Because of the complexity of the rumen environment, it has been difficult to identify the exact mode of action for this beneficial response. Since xylanases and cellulases are the main activities that occur in efficacious enzyme mixtures, it may be assumed that the enzymes are having a direct, additive effect on the hydrolysis of plant fiber in the rumen. However, evidence to date suggests that the benefits of exogenous enzymes is synergistic to ruminal endogenous enzymes. This synergy may explain why relatively small amounts of enzyme can have such large effects on animal productivity. Limitations to the exploitation of this technology are the development of an adequate screening system for new enzymes, and the identification of the specific enzyme activities that are critical for efficacy.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="118489679"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="118489679"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 118489679; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=118489679]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=118489679]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 118489679; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='118489679']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 118489679, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=118489679]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":118489679,"title":"Enzymes as Direct-Feed Additives for Ruminants","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"ABSTRACT Fibrolytic enzymes hold great potential to improve feed utilization and productivity in ruminants. 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wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/118489676/PSXIV_14_Supplementation_of_high_grain_diet_with_red_osier_dogwood_affects_in_vitro_digestibility_and_fermentation_characteristics">PSXIV-14 Supplementation of high-grain diet with red osier dogwood affects in vitro digestibility and fermentation characteristics</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Journal of Animal Science</span><span>, Oct 8, 2021</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Red osier dogwood (ROD) is a native shrub plant rich in phenolic compounds with antimicrobial pro...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Red osier dogwood (ROD) is a native shrub plant rich in phenolic compounds with antimicrobial properties. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of substituting barley silage with either raw ROD or ROD extract (RODE) in high-grain (HG) diet under a low media pH (5.8) on gas production (GP), dry matter (DM) disappearance (DMD) and fermentation characteristics in batch cultures. The study was a completely randomized design with 4 treatments: 1) control diet (10% barley silage and 90% barley concentrate, DM basis), control diet supplemented with 2) monensin (30 mg/kg diet DM; positive control), 3) substitution of 3% ROD or 4) 3% RODE for an equal portion of silage. Inoculum was obtained from 2 ruminally fistulated beef heifers offered the HG diet. Substrate ground (1 mm) was incubated for 24 h and the experiment repeated twice. The GP did not differ among treatments (147 ml/g DM), but the DMD differed (P &amp;amp;amp;lt; 0.02) at highest for control (69.4%), lowest for ROD (58.4%) and intermediate for other treatments (64.1%). Total volatile fatty acid (VFA) concentration (mM) tended (P&amp;amp;amp;lt; 0.08) to be lower with ROD (80.5) and monensin (80.1) than control (83.9). Acetate proportion was greater (P = 0.02) with ROD (46.2%) and RODE (46.9%) than control (42.4%) and monensin (42.3%). However, the propionate proportion was greater (P = 0.05) with monensin (32.1%) than other treatments (averaged 30.1%). Consequently, acetate to propionate ratio (A:P) of ROD (1.52) and RODE (1.56) was higher than monensin (1.32; P &amp;amp;amp;lt; 0.01) and control (1.44; P &amp;amp;amp;lt; 0.08). Differences in variables measured between ROD and RODE were minimal. These results indicated that the decreased DMD along with increased A:P with addition of ROD or RODE suggests that both ROD and RODE may be beneficial to HG fed cattle for reducing risk of rumen acidosis without negatively impacting fibre digestion.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="118489676"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="118489676"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 118489676; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=118489676]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=118489676]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 118489676; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='118489676']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 118489676, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=118489676]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":118489676,"title":"PSXIV-14 Supplementation of high-grain diet with red osier dogwood affects in vitro digestibility and fermentation characteristics","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"Red osier dogwood (ROD) is a native shrub plant rich in phenolic compounds with antimicrobial properties. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of substituting barley silage with either raw ROD or ROD extract (RODE) in high-grain (HG) diet under a low media pH (5.8) on gas production (GP), dry matter (DM) disappearance (DMD) and fermentation characteristics in batch cultures. The study was a completely randomized design with 4 treatments: 1) control diet (10% barley silage and 90% barley concentrate, DM basis), control diet supplemented with 2) monensin (30 mg/kg diet DM; positive control), 3) substitution of 3% ROD or 4) 3% RODE for an equal portion of silage. Inoculum was obtained from 2 ruminally fistulated beef heifers offered the HG diet. Substrate ground (1 mm) was incubated for 24 h and the experiment repeated twice. The GP did not differ among treatments (147 ml/g DM), but the DMD differed (P \u0026amp;amp;amp;lt; 0.02) at highest for control (69.4%), lowest for ROD (58.4%) and intermediate for other treatments (64.1%). Total volatile fatty acid (VFA) concentration (mM) tended (P\u0026amp;amp;amp;lt; 0.08) to be lower with ROD (80.5) and monensin (80.1) than control (83.9). Acetate proportion was greater (P = 0.02) with ROD (46.2%) and RODE (46.9%) than control (42.4%) and monensin (42.3%). However, the propionate proportion was greater (P = 0.05) with monensin (32.1%) than other treatments (averaged 30.1%). Consequently, acetate to propionate ratio (A:P) of ROD (1.52) and RODE (1.56) was higher than monensin (1.32; P \u0026amp;amp;amp;lt; 0.01) and control (1.44; P \u0026amp;amp;amp;lt; 0.08). Differences in variables measured between ROD and RODE were minimal. These results indicated that the decreased DMD along with increased A:P with addition of ROD or RODE suggests that both ROD and RODE may be beneficial to HG fed cattle for reducing risk of rumen acidosis without negatively impacting fibre digestion.","publisher":"Oxford University Press","publication_date":{"day":8,"month":10,"year":2021,"errors":{}},"publication_name":"Journal of Animal Science"},"translated_abstract":"Red osier dogwood (ROD) is a native shrub plant rich in phenolic compounds with antimicrobial properties. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of substituting barley silage with either raw ROD or ROD extract (RODE) in high-grain (HG) diet under a low media pH (5.8) on gas production (GP), dry matter (DM) disappearance (DMD) and fermentation characteristics in batch cultures. The study was a completely randomized design with 4 treatments: 1) control diet (10% barley silage and 90% barley concentrate, DM basis), control diet supplemented with 2) monensin (30 mg/kg diet DM; positive control), 3) substitution of 3% ROD or 4) 3% RODE for an equal portion of silage. Inoculum was obtained from 2 ruminally fistulated beef heifers offered the HG diet. Substrate ground (1 mm) was incubated for 24 h and the experiment repeated twice. The GP did not differ among treatments (147 ml/g DM), but the DMD differed (P \u0026amp;amp;amp;lt; 0.02) at highest for control (69.4%), lowest for ROD (58.4%) and intermediate for other treatments (64.1%). Total volatile fatty acid (VFA) concentration (mM) tended (P\u0026amp;amp;amp;lt; 0.08) to be lower with ROD (80.5) and monensin (80.1) than control (83.9). Acetate proportion was greater (P = 0.02) with ROD (46.2%) and RODE (46.9%) than control (42.4%) and monensin (42.3%). However, the propionate proportion was greater (P = 0.05) with monensin (32.1%) than other treatments (averaged 30.1%). Consequently, acetate to propionate ratio (A:P) of ROD (1.52) and RODE (1.56) was higher than monensin (1.32; P \u0026amp;amp;amp;lt; 0.01) and control (1.44; P \u0026amp;amp;amp;lt; 0.08). Differences in variables measured between ROD and RODE were minimal. These results indicated that the decreased DMD along with increased A:P with addition of ROD or RODE suggests that both ROD and RODE may be beneficial to HG fed cattle for reducing risk of rumen acidosis without negatively impacting fibre digestion.","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/118489676/PSXIV_14_Supplementation_of_high_grain_diet_with_red_osier_dogwood_affects_in_vitro_digestibility_and_fermentation_characteristics","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2024-05-03T08:31:43.785-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":171828751,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[],"slug":"PSXIV_14_Supplementation_of_high_grain_diet_with_red_osier_dogwood_affects_in_vitro_digestibility_and_fermentation_characteristics","translated_slug":"","page_count":null,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","owner":{"id":171828751,"first_name":"wenzhu","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"yang","page_name":"wenzhuyang","domain_name":"independent","created_at":"2020-09-25T14:17:27.588-07:00","display_name":"wenzhu yang","url":"https://independent.academia.edu/wenzhuyang"},"attachments":[],"research_interests":[{"id":523,"name":"Chemistry","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chemistry"},{"id":1035,"name":"Animal Science","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Animal_Science"},{"id":47884,"name":"Biological Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biological_Sciences"},{"id":269129,"name":"Fermentation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Fermentation"},{"id":348795,"name":"Ethyl Propionate","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ethyl_Propionate"},{"id":953277,"name":"Dry Matter","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Dry_Matter"},{"id":1551870,"name":"Silage","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Silage"},{"id":4475916,"name":"Completely Randomized Design","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Completely_Randomized_Design"}],"urls":[{"id":41614904,"url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jas/skab235.840"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="118489674"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/118489674/Effect_of_non_encapsulated_and_encapsulated_active_dried_yeast_on_blood_cell_count_blood_metabolites_and_immune_response_of_finishing_beef_heifers"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Effect of non-encapsulated and encapsulated active dried yeast on blood cell count, blood metabolites, and immune response of finishing beef heifers" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/118489674/Effect_of_non_encapsulated_and_encapsulated_active_dried_yeast_on_blood_cell_count_blood_metabolites_and_immune_response_of_finishing_beef_heifers">Effect of non-encapsulated and encapsulated active dried yeast on blood cell count, blood metabolites, and immune response of finishing beef heifers</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Canadian Journal of Animal Science</span><span>, Jun 1, 2021</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Abstract: A study was conducted to evaluate whether encapsulated active dried yeast (EDY), compar...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Abstract: A study was conducted to evaluate whether encapsulated active dried yeast (EDY), compared with non-protected active dried yeast (ADY) or antibiotics (ANT), improved immune response and blood metabolites of finishing beef heifers. Blood urea nitrogen was lower (P &lt; 0.05) with supplemented ADY and mixture of ADY and EDY (MDY) compared with control. Supplementation of MDY also resulted in lower (P &lt; 0.05) red blood cell distribution width than control. Lipopolysaccharide-binding protein was less (P &lt; 0.05) for EDY than control, ANT, and ADY as well as cytokine concentration of interleukin-6 was less (P &lt; 0.05) for MDY versus control.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="118489674"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="118489674"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 118489674; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=118489674]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=118489674]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 118489674; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='118489674']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 118489674, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=118489674]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":118489674,"title":"Effect of non-encapsulated and encapsulated active dried yeast on blood cell count, blood metabolites, and immune response of finishing beef heifers","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"Abstract: A study was conducted to evaluate whether encapsulated active dried yeast (EDY), compared with non-protected active dried yeast (ADY) or antibiotics (ANT), improved immune response and blood metabolites of finishing beef heifers. Blood urea nitrogen was lower (P \u0026lt; 0.05) with supplemented ADY and mixture of ADY and EDY (MDY) compared with control. Supplementation of MDY also resulted in lower (P \u0026lt; 0.05) red blood cell distribution width than control. Lipopolysaccharide-binding protein was less (P \u0026lt; 0.05) for EDY than control, ANT, and ADY as well as cytokine concentration of interleukin-6 was less (P \u0026lt; 0.05) for MDY versus control.","publisher":"Canadian Science Publishing","publication_date":{"day":1,"month":6,"year":2021,"errors":{}},"publication_name":"Canadian Journal of Animal Science"},"translated_abstract":"Abstract: A study was conducted to evaluate whether encapsulated active dried yeast (EDY), compared with non-protected active dried yeast (ADY) or antibiotics (ANT), improved immune response and blood metabolites of finishing beef heifers. Blood urea nitrogen was lower (P \u0026lt; 0.05) with supplemented ADY and mixture of ADY and EDY (MDY) compared with control. Supplementation of MDY also resulted in lower (P \u0026lt; 0.05) red blood cell distribution width than control. Lipopolysaccharide-binding protein was less (P \u0026lt; 0.05) for EDY than control, ANT, and ADY as well as cytokine concentration of interleukin-6 was less (P \u0026lt; 0.05) for MDY versus control.","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/118489674/Effect_of_non_encapsulated_and_encapsulated_active_dried_yeast_on_blood_cell_count_blood_metabolites_and_immune_response_of_finishing_beef_heifers","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2024-05-03T08:31:43.375-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":171828751,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[],"slug":"Effect_of_non_encapsulated_and_encapsulated_active_dried_yeast_on_blood_cell_count_blood_metabolites_and_immune_response_of_finishing_beef_heifers","translated_slug":"","page_count":null,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","owner":{"id":171828751,"first_name":"wenzhu","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"yang","page_name":"wenzhuyang","domain_name":"independent","created_at":"2020-09-25T14:17:27.588-07:00","display_name":"wenzhu yang","url":"https://independent.academia.edu/wenzhuyang"},"attachments":[],"research_interests":[{"id":523,"name":"Chemistry","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chemistry"},{"id":146242,"name":"Urea","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Urea"},{"id":151659,"name":"Yeast","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Yeast"},{"id":324154,"name":"Immune system","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Immune_system"}],"urls":[{"id":41614903,"url":"https://doi.org/10.1139/cjas-2020-0160"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="118489670"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/118489670/_Measurement_of_the_digestion_of_dietary_nitrogen_in_different_parts_of_the_sheep_digestive_tract_using_the_nylon_bag_technic_"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of [Measurement of the digestion of dietary nitrogen in different parts of the sheep digestive tract using the nylon bag technic]" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/118489670/_Measurement_of_the_digestion_of_dietary_nitrogen_in_different_parts_of_the_sheep_digestive_tract_using_the_nylon_bag_technic_">[Measurement of the digestion of dietary nitrogen in different parts of the sheep digestive tract using the nylon bag technic]</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>PubMed</span><span>, 1988</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">The nylon bag technique, standardized for studies in the rumen, was extended to the abomasum, sma...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">The nylon bag technique, standardized for studies in the rumen, was extended to the abomasum, small and large intestines. This simple and physiological method provided valuable information on the nitrogen digestion of several feeds.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="118489670"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="118489670"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 118489670; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=118489670]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=118489670]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 118489670; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='118489670']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 118489670, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=118489670]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":118489670,"title":"[Measurement of the digestion of dietary nitrogen in different parts of the sheep digestive tract using the nylon bag technic]","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"The nylon bag technique, standardized for studies in the rumen, was extended to the abomasum, small and large intestines. 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The study was designed as a 2×2×2 factorial arrangement with treatments: test weight (TW; low vs. high), precision processing (PP; control vs. PP), and processing index (PI; 75 vs. 85%). Ten barley samples with 5 low (574 g/L) and 5 high (632 g/L) TW were either dry-rolled with single roller setting (control) or sieved into small and large kernels, then dry-rolled based on kernel size of each fraction (i.e., PP). Each sample was dry-rolled moderately or coarsely with PI of 75 or 85%, respectively. Intestinal DM digestibility (iDMD; % of ruminal residue input) of barley grains was determined using the modified three-step in vitro procedure. Barley samples were incubated in the rumen for 12 h to produce ruminal residues using three beef heifers (650 ± 25 kg BW) fitted with rumen cannula and fed a diet consisting of 70% barley silage and 30% barley grain. Ruminal residues were incubated in 1 N HCl containing 1 g/L of pepsin for 1 h, and then in phosphate buffer (pH 7.8) containing pancreatin at 39°C for 24 h. An interaction between TW and PP (P &amp;lt; 0.02) and between PP and PI (P &amp;lt; 0.01) was detected but not between TW and PI (P &amp;gt; 0.05). The iDMD was greater (P &amp;lt; 0.01) with high (25.6%) than with low (23.1%) TW of barley grain for control barley, whereas the iDMD was not different between the low (20.2%) and high TW (20.4%) for PP barley. Compared to control processing, PP reduced (P &amp;lt; 0.01) the iDMD (PP vs. control; 13.5 vs. 21.2%) for processed barley with PI of 85% but not for barley with PI of 75% (27.3%). Decreasing PI from 85 to 75% increased (P&amp;lt; 0.01) iDMD from 17.3 to 27.4%. These results indicate that the intestinal digestibility of barley grain varied with TW, processing method, and extent of processing. It suggests that manipulating these factors may partly shift grain starch digestion from the rumen to the intestine, thereby potentially reduce rumen acidosis and improve feed efficiency in feedlot beef cattle fed high-grain diet. Keywords: barley grain, precision processing, in vitro intestinal digestibility</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="118489669"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="118489669"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 118489669; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=118489669]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=118489669]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 118489669; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='118489669']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 118489669, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=118489669]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":118489669,"title":"Effects of test weight and processing method on in vitro intestinal digestibility of barley grain","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"ABSTRACT Abstract Text: An in vitro study was conducted to investigate the effects of test weight and processing method on intestinal digestibility of barley grain following ruminal incubation. The study was designed as a 2×2×2 factorial arrangement with treatments: test weight (TW; low vs. high), precision processing (PP; control vs. PP), and processing index (PI; 75 vs. 85%). Ten barley samples with 5 low (574 g/L) and 5 high (632 g/L) TW were either dry-rolled with single roller setting (control) or sieved into small and large kernels, then dry-rolled based on kernel size of each fraction (i.e., PP). Each sample was dry-rolled moderately or coarsely with PI of 75 or 85%, respectively. Intestinal DM digestibility (iDMD; % of ruminal residue input) of barley grains was determined using the modified three-step in vitro procedure. Barley samples were incubated in the rumen for 12 h to produce ruminal residues using three beef heifers (650 ± 25 kg BW) fitted with rumen cannula and fed a diet consisting of 70% barley silage and 30% barley grain. Ruminal residues were incubated in 1 N HCl containing 1 g/L of pepsin for 1 h, and then in phosphate buffer (pH 7.8) containing pancreatin at 39°C for 24 h. An interaction between TW and PP (P \u0026amp;lt; 0.02) and between PP and PI (P \u0026amp;lt; 0.01) was detected but not between TW and PI (P \u0026amp;gt; 0.05). The iDMD was greater (P \u0026amp;lt; 0.01) with high (25.6%) than with low (23.1%) TW of barley grain for control barley, whereas the iDMD was not different between the low (20.2%) and high TW (20.4%) for PP barley. Compared to control processing, PP reduced (P \u0026amp;lt; 0.01) the iDMD (PP vs. control; 13.5 vs. 21.2%) for processed barley with PI of 85% but not for barley with PI of 75% (27.3%). Decreasing PI from 85 to 75% increased (P\u0026amp;lt; 0.01) iDMD from 17.3 to 27.4%. These results indicate that the intestinal digestibility of barley grain varied with TW, processing method, and extent of processing. It suggests that manipulating these factors may partly shift grain starch digestion from the rumen to the intestine, thereby potentially reduce rumen acidosis and improve feed efficiency in feedlot beef cattle fed high-grain diet. Keywords: barley grain, precision processing, in vitro intestinal digestibility","publication_date":{"day":21,"month":7,"year":2014,"errors":{}},"publication_name":"2014 ADSA-ASAS-CSAS Joint Annual Meeting"},"translated_abstract":"ABSTRACT Abstract Text: An in vitro study was conducted to investigate the effects of test weight and processing method on intestinal digestibility of barley grain following ruminal incubation. The study was designed as a 2×2×2 factorial arrangement with treatments: test weight (TW; low vs. high), precision processing (PP; control vs. PP), and processing index (PI; 75 vs. 85%). Ten barley samples with 5 low (574 g/L) and 5 high (632 g/L) TW were either dry-rolled with single roller setting (control) or sieved into small and large kernels, then dry-rolled based on kernel size of each fraction (i.e., PP). Each sample was dry-rolled moderately or coarsely with PI of 75 or 85%, respectively. Intestinal DM digestibility (iDMD; % of ruminal residue input) of barley grains was determined using the modified three-step in vitro procedure. Barley samples were incubated in the rumen for 12 h to produce ruminal residues using three beef heifers (650 ± 25 kg BW) fitted with rumen cannula and fed a diet consisting of 70% barley silage and 30% barley grain. Ruminal residues were incubated in 1 N HCl containing 1 g/L of pepsin for 1 h, and then in phosphate buffer (pH 7.8) containing pancreatin at 39°C for 24 h. An interaction between TW and PP (P \u0026amp;lt; 0.02) and between PP and PI (P \u0026amp;lt; 0.01) was detected but not between TW and PI (P \u0026amp;gt; 0.05). The iDMD was greater (P \u0026amp;lt; 0.01) with high (25.6%) than with low (23.1%) TW of barley grain for control barley, whereas the iDMD was not different between the low (20.2%) and high TW (20.4%) for PP barley. Compared to control processing, PP reduced (P \u0026amp;lt; 0.01) the iDMD (PP vs. control; 13.5 vs. 21.2%) for processed barley with PI of 85% but not for barley with PI of 75% (27.3%). Decreasing PI from 85 to 75% increased (P\u0026amp;lt; 0.01) iDMD from 17.3 to 27.4%. These results indicate that the intestinal digestibility of barley grain varied with TW, processing method, and extent of processing. It suggests that manipulating these factors may partly shift grain starch digestion from the rumen to the intestine, thereby potentially reduce rumen acidosis and improve feed efficiency in feedlot beef cattle fed high-grain diet. Keywords: barley grain, precision processing, in vitro intestinal digestibility","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/118489669/Effects_of_test_weight_and_processing_method_on_in_vitro_intestinal_digestibility_of_barley_grain","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2024-05-03T08:31:41.500-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":171828751,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[],"slug":"Effects_of_test_weight_and_processing_method_on_in_vitro_intestinal_digestibility_of_barley_grain","translated_slug":"","page_count":null,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","owner":{"id":171828751,"first_name":"wenzhu","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"yang","page_name":"wenzhuyang","domain_name":"independent","created_at":"2020-09-25T14:17:27.588-07:00","display_name":"wenzhu yang","url":"https://independent.academia.edu/wenzhuyang"},"attachments":[],"research_interests":[{"id":523,"name":"Chemistry","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chemistry"}],"urls":[{"id":41614898,"url":"https://asas.confex.com/asas/jam2014/webprogram/Paper5748.html"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="118489668"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/118489668/PSX_B_10_Effect_of_undigested_neutral_detergent_fiber_concentration_and_forage_inclusion_rate_on_ruminal_pH_reticular_motility_and_total_tract_permeability_for_finishing_beef_heifers"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of PSX-B-10 Effect of undigested neutral detergent fiber concentration and forage inclusion rate on ruminal pH, reticular motility, and total tract permeability for finishing beef heifers" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/118489668/PSX_B_10_Effect_of_undigested_neutral_detergent_fiber_concentration_and_forage_inclusion_rate_on_ruminal_pH_reticular_motility_and_total_tract_permeability_for_finishing_beef_heifers">PSX-B-10 Effect of undigested neutral detergent fiber concentration and forage inclusion rate on ruminal pH, reticular motility, and total tract permeability for finishing beef heifers</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Journal of Animal Science</span><span>, Oct 8, 2021</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">This study evaluated the effects of undigested neutral detergent fiber (uNDF) concentration and f...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">This study evaluated the effects of undigested neutral detergent fiber (uNDF) concentration and forage inclusion (FI) rate on dry matter (DM) intake, ruminal pH, reticular contractions, and gastrointestinal permeability for finishing beef cattle. Five ruminally cannulated Hereford′Simmental heifers (699±69.1 kg) were used in an incomplete 6×6 Latin square (26-d periods) with a 2×3 factorial treatment arrangement. Barley grain-based diets were formulated using barley silage or wheat straw to provide low or high uNDF (7.1 vs. 8.5% DM) with forage proportions of 5, 10, or 15% of dietary DM. Dry matter intake (P ≥ 0.10) and eating time (P ≥ 0.13) were not affected by uNDF, FI, or uNDF′FI. With low uNDF diets, increasing FI numerically (P = 0.02) increased rumination time (min/d); while, with high uNDF diets, rumination time increased with 5 to 10% FI, but not thereafter (P = 0.03). Mean ruminal pH was not affected by uNDF (6.17 vs. 6.19; P = 0.08), but increased with increasing FI (6.04b, 6.23a, and 6.28a; P = 0.02). Duration of ruminal pH < 5.5 was not affected by uNDF but tended (P = 0.07) to be reduced with increasing FI. High uNDF diet tended to increase the frequency of reticular contractions (1.43 vs. 1.51 contractions/min; P = 0.07) but decreased the contraction duration (13.2 vs. 14.1 sec; P = 0.04). Increasing FI increased contraction frequency (1.39b, 1.50a, and 1.53a contractions/min; P = 0.03) and tended to reduce contraction duration as forage increased from 5 to 10 and 15% (14.3, 13.1, and 13.6 sec; P = 0.07). Feeding high uNDF decreased (P = 0.05) permeability of the gastrointestinal tract based on the appearance of Cr-EDTA in urine following an intra-ruminal dose. Increasing FI tended to reduce gastrointestinal tract permeability (P = 0.06). Limited interactions indicate that uNDF and FI act independently suggesting that increasing dietary uNDF, without increasing FI rate, can stimulate frequency of reticulo-ruminal contractions and reduce gastrointestinal permeability for finishing cattle.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="118489668"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="118489668"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 118489668; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=118489668]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=118489668]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 118489668; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='118489668']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 118489668, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=118489668]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":118489668,"title":"PSX-B-10 Effect of undigested neutral detergent fiber concentration and forage inclusion rate on ruminal pH, reticular motility, and total tract permeability for finishing beef heifers","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"This study evaluated the effects of undigested neutral detergent fiber (uNDF) concentration and forage inclusion (FI) rate on dry matter (DM) intake, ruminal pH, reticular contractions, and gastrointestinal permeability for finishing beef cattle. Five ruminally cannulated Hereford′Simmental heifers (699±69.1 kg) were used in an incomplete 6×6 Latin square (26-d periods) with a 2×3 factorial treatment arrangement. Barley grain-based diets were formulated using barley silage or wheat straw to provide low or high uNDF (7.1 vs. 8.5% DM) with forage proportions of 5, 10, or 15% of dietary DM. Dry matter intake (P ≥ 0.10) and eating time (P ≥ 0.13) were not affected by uNDF, FI, or uNDF′FI. With low uNDF diets, increasing FI numerically (P = 0.02) increased rumination time (min/d); while, with high uNDF diets, rumination time increased with 5 to 10% FI, but not thereafter (P = 0.03). Mean ruminal pH was not affected by uNDF (6.17 vs. 6.19; P = 0.08), but increased with increasing FI (6.04b, 6.23a, and 6.28a; P = 0.02). Duration of ruminal pH \u003c 5.5 was not affected by uNDF but tended (P = 0.07) to be reduced with increasing FI. High uNDF diet tended to increase the frequency of reticular contractions (1.43 vs. 1.51 contractions/min; P = 0.07) but decreased the contraction duration (13.2 vs. 14.1 sec; P = 0.04). Increasing FI increased contraction frequency (1.39b, 1.50a, and 1.53a contractions/min; P = 0.03) and tended to reduce contraction duration as forage increased from 5 to 10 and 15% (14.3, 13.1, and 13.6 sec; P = 0.07). Feeding high uNDF decreased (P = 0.05) permeability of the gastrointestinal tract based on the appearance of Cr-EDTA in urine following an intra-ruminal dose. Increasing FI tended to reduce gastrointestinal tract permeability (P = 0.06). Limited interactions indicate that uNDF and FI act independently suggesting that increasing dietary uNDF, without increasing FI rate, can stimulate frequency of reticulo-ruminal contractions and reduce gastrointestinal permeability for finishing cattle.","publisher":"Oxford University Press","publication_date":{"day":8,"month":10,"year":2021,"errors":{}},"publication_name":"Journal of Animal Science"},"translated_abstract":"This study evaluated the effects of undigested neutral detergent fiber (uNDF) concentration and forage inclusion (FI) rate on dry matter (DM) intake, ruminal pH, reticular contractions, and gastrointestinal permeability for finishing beef cattle. Five ruminally cannulated Hereford′Simmental heifers (699±69.1 kg) were used in an incomplete 6×6 Latin square (26-d periods) with a 2×3 factorial treatment arrangement. Barley grain-based diets were formulated using barley silage or wheat straw to provide low or high uNDF (7.1 vs. 8.5% DM) with forage proportions of 5, 10, or 15% of dietary DM. Dry matter intake (P ≥ 0.10) and eating time (P ≥ 0.13) were not affected by uNDF, FI, or uNDF′FI. With low uNDF diets, increasing FI numerically (P = 0.02) increased rumination time (min/d); while, with high uNDF diets, rumination time increased with 5 to 10% FI, but not thereafter (P = 0.03). Mean ruminal pH was not affected by uNDF (6.17 vs. 6.19; P = 0.08), but increased with increasing FI (6.04b, 6.23a, and 6.28a; P = 0.02). Duration of ruminal pH \u003c 5.5 was not affected by uNDF but tended (P = 0.07) to be reduced with increasing FI. High uNDF diet tended to increase the frequency of reticular contractions (1.43 vs. 1.51 contractions/min; P = 0.07) but decreased the contraction duration (13.2 vs. 14.1 sec; P = 0.04). Increasing FI increased contraction frequency (1.39b, 1.50a, and 1.53a contractions/min; P = 0.03) and tended to reduce contraction duration as forage increased from 5 to 10 and 15% (14.3, 13.1, and 13.6 sec; P = 0.07). Feeding high uNDF decreased (P = 0.05) permeability of the gastrointestinal tract based on the appearance of Cr-EDTA in urine following an intra-ruminal dose. Increasing FI tended to reduce gastrointestinal tract permeability (P = 0.06). Limited interactions indicate that uNDF and FI act independently suggesting that increasing dietary uNDF, without increasing FI rate, can stimulate frequency of reticulo-ruminal contractions and reduce gastrointestinal permeability for finishing cattle.","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/118489668/PSX_B_10_Effect_of_undigested_neutral_detergent_fiber_concentration_and_forage_inclusion_rate_on_ruminal_pH_reticular_motility_and_total_tract_permeability_for_finishing_beef_heifers","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2024-05-03T08:31:41.268-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":171828751,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[],"slug":"PSX_B_10_Effect_of_undigested_neutral_detergent_fiber_concentration_and_forage_inclusion_rate_on_ruminal_pH_reticular_motility_and_total_tract_permeability_for_finishing_beef_heifers","translated_slug":"","page_count":null,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","owner":{"id":171828751,"first_name":"wenzhu","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"yang","page_name":"wenzhuyang","domain_name":"independent","created_at":"2020-09-25T14:17:27.588-07:00","display_name":"wenzhu yang","url":"https://independent.academia.edu/wenzhuyang"},"attachments":[],"research_interests":[{"id":523,"name":"Chemistry","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chemistry"},{"id":1035,"name":"Animal Science","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Animal_Science"},{"id":47884,"name":"Biological Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biological_Sciences"},{"id":262783,"name":"Beef Cattle","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Beef_Cattle"},{"id":953277,"name":"Dry Matter","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Dry_Matter"},{"id":1030683,"name":"Rumen","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Rumen"},{"id":3795182,"name":"Neutral Detergent Fiber","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Neutral_Detergent_Fiber"}],"urls":[{"id":41614897,"url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8506673"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="118489667"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/118489667/PSXIV_11_Silage_source_physically_effective_neutral_detergent_fiber_and_undigested_neutral_detergent_fiber_concentrations_affect_eating_behavior_ruminal_pH_and_reticular_motility_of_finishing_heifers"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of PSXIV-11 Silage source, physically effective neutral detergent fiber, and undigested neutral detergent fiber concentrations affect eating behavior, ruminal pH and reticular motility of finishing heifers" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/118489667/PSXIV_11_Silage_source_physically_effective_neutral_detergent_fiber_and_undigested_neutral_detergent_fiber_concentrations_affect_eating_behavior_ruminal_pH_and_reticular_motility_of_finishing_heifers">PSXIV-11 Silage source, physically effective neutral detergent fiber, and undigested neutral detergent fiber concentrations affect eating behavior, ruminal pH and reticular motility of finishing heifers</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Journal of Animal Science</span><span>, Oct 8, 2021</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">This study evaluated the effects of silage source, physically effective neutral detergent fiber (...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">This study evaluated the effects of silage source, physically effective neutral detergent fiber (peNDF), and undigested neutral detergent fiber (uNDF) concentrations on eating behavior, ruminal pH, and reticular contractions for finishing beef heifers. Six Hereford′Simmental heifers (579±51.2 kg) were used in a replicated 6×6 Latin square (21-d periods) balanced for carry-over effects with 2×2 + 2 factorial treatment arrangement. Barley grain-based diets included barley (BarS) or wheat silage (WhS) at 10% of dietary DM. Silages were harvested at two chop lengths to yield low (LpeNDF) vs. high peNDF (HpeNDF) silage. For both BarS and WhS, chopped wheat straw was included (5% of DM) by replacing an equal proportion of LpeNDF silages to evaluate low vs. high uNDF (7.3 vs. 8.2% dietary DM) concentrations. Heifers fed HpeNDF WhS had greater DMI (silage′peNDF; P &amp;lt; 0.01) than those fed HpeNDF BarS, but DMI did not differ for LpeNDF treatments. Ruminating and eating time increased for heifers fed HpeNDF WhS relative to LpeNDF WhS, but were not different for BarS (silage′peNDF; P ≤ 0.02). Increasing uNDF increased eating and ruminating times for heifers fed WhS, but not BarS (silage′uNDF; P ≤ 0.03). Mean ruminal pH averaged 5.97 and was not affected by silage, peNDF, uNDF, or the interactions (P ≥ 0.12). Feeding BarS increased the duration (384 vs. 256 min/d; P = 0.02) and area (84.5 vs. 43.8 pH×min/d; P = 0.02) that pH was &amp;lt; 5.5 relative to WhS. Increasing peNDF numerically reduced the frequency of reticular contractions when fed BarS but numerically increased them when fed WhS (silage′peNDF; P &amp;lt; 0.01). Reticular contractions were not affected by dietary uNDF concentration (P ≥ 0.13). These data highlight that at a constant inclusion rate, silage source and chop length interact to affect DMI, eating behavior, ruminal pH, and reticular motility indicating the need to account for silage type, peNDF, and uNDF in diet formulation for finishing cattle.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="118489667"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="118489667"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 118489667; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=118489667]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=118489667]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 118489667; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='118489667']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 118489667, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=118489667]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":118489667,"title":"PSXIV-11 Silage source, physically effective neutral detergent fiber, and undigested neutral detergent fiber concentrations affect eating behavior, ruminal pH and reticular motility of finishing heifers","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"This study evaluated the effects of silage source, physically effective neutral detergent fiber (peNDF), and undigested neutral detergent fiber (uNDF) concentrations on eating behavior, ruminal pH, and reticular contractions for finishing beef heifers. Six Hereford′Simmental heifers (579±51.2 kg) were used in a replicated 6×6 Latin square (21-d periods) balanced for carry-over effects with 2×2 + 2 factorial treatment arrangement. Barley grain-based diets included barley (BarS) or wheat silage (WhS) at 10% of dietary DM. Silages were harvested at two chop lengths to yield low (LpeNDF) vs. high peNDF (HpeNDF) silage. For both BarS and WhS, chopped wheat straw was included (5% of DM) by replacing an equal proportion of LpeNDF silages to evaluate low vs. high uNDF (7.3 vs. 8.2% dietary DM) concentrations. Heifers fed HpeNDF WhS had greater DMI (silage′peNDF; P \u0026amp;lt; 0.01) than those fed HpeNDF BarS, but DMI did not differ for LpeNDF treatments. Ruminating and eating time increased for heifers fed HpeNDF WhS relative to LpeNDF WhS, but were not different for BarS (silage′peNDF; P ≤ 0.02). Increasing uNDF increased eating and ruminating times for heifers fed WhS, but not BarS (silage′uNDF; P ≤ 0.03). Mean ruminal pH averaged 5.97 and was not affected by silage, peNDF, uNDF, or the interactions (P ≥ 0.12). Feeding BarS increased the duration (384 vs. 256 min/d; P = 0.02) and area (84.5 vs. 43.8 pH×min/d; P = 0.02) that pH was \u0026amp;lt; 5.5 relative to WhS. Increasing peNDF numerically reduced the frequency of reticular contractions when fed BarS but numerically increased them when fed WhS (silage′peNDF; P \u0026amp;lt; 0.01). Reticular contractions were not affected by dietary uNDF concentration (P ≥ 0.13). These data highlight that at a constant inclusion rate, silage source and chop length interact to affect DMI, eating behavior, ruminal pH, and reticular motility indicating the need to account for silage type, peNDF, and uNDF in diet formulation for finishing cattle.","publisher":"Oxford University Press","publication_date":{"day":8,"month":10,"year":2021,"errors":{}},"publication_name":"Journal of Animal Science"},"translated_abstract":"This study evaluated the effects of silage source, physically effective neutral detergent fiber (peNDF), and undigested neutral detergent fiber (uNDF) concentrations on eating behavior, ruminal pH, and reticular contractions for finishing beef heifers. Six Hereford′Simmental heifers (579±51.2 kg) were used in a replicated 6×6 Latin square (21-d periods) balanced for carry-over effects with 2×2 + 2 factorial treatment arrangement. Barley grain-based diets included barley (BarS) or wheat silage (WhS) at 10% of dietary DM. Silages were harvested at two chop lengths to yield low (LpeNDF) vs. high peNDF (HpeNDF) silage. For both BarS and WhS, chopped wheat straw was included (5% of DM) by replacing an equal proportion of LpeNDF silages to evaluate low vs. high uNDF (7.3 vs. 8.2% dietary DM) concentrations. Heifers fed HpeNDF WhS had greater DMI (silage′peNDF; P \u0026amp;lt; 0.01) than those fed HpeNDF BarS, but DMI did not differ for LpeNDF treatments. Ruminating and eating time increased for heifers fed HpeNDF WhS relative to LpeNDF WhS, but were not different for BarS (silage′peNDF; P ≤ 0.02). Increasing uNDF increased eating and ruminating times for heifers fed WhS, but not BarS (silage′uNDF; P ≤ 0.03). Mean ruminal pH averaged 5.97 and was not affected by silage, peNDF, uNDF, or the interactions (P ≥ 0.12). Feeding BarS increased the duration (384 vs. 256 min/d; P = 0.02) and area (84.5 vs. 43.8 pH×min/d; P = 0.02) that pH was \u0026amp;lt; 5.5 relative to WhS. Increasing peNDF numerically reduced the frequency of reticular contractions when fed BarS but numerically increased them when fed WhS (silage′peNDF; P \u0026amp;lt; 0.01). Reticular contractions were not affected by dietary uNDF concentration (P ≥ 0.13). These data highlight that at a constant inclusion rate, silage source and chop length interact to affect DMI, eating behavior, ruminal pH, and reticular motility indicating the need to account for silage type, peNDF, and uNDF in diet formulation for finishing cattle.","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/118489667/PSXIV_11_Silage_source_physically_effective_neutral_detergent_fiber_and_undigested_neutral_detergent_fiber_concentrations_affect_eating_behavior_ruminal_pH_and_reticular_motility_of_finishing_heifers","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2024-05-03T08:31:40.991-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":171828751,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[],"slug":"PSXIV_11_Silage_source_physically_effective_neutral_detergent_fiber_and_undigested_neutral_detergent_fiber_concentrations_affect_eating_behavior_ruminal_pH_and_reticular_motility_of_finishing_heifers","translated_slug":"","page_count":null,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","owner":{"id":171828751,"first_name":"wenzhu","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"yang","page_name":"wenzhuyang","domain_name":"independent","created_at":"2020-09-25T14:17:27.588-07:00","display_name":"wenzhu yang","url":"https://independent.academia.edu/wenzhuyang"},"attachments":[],"research_interests":[{"id":523,"name":"Chemistry","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chemistry"},{"id":1035,"name":"Animal Science","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Animal_Science"},{"id":47884,"name":"Biological Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biological_Sciences"},{"id":1551870,"name":"Silage","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Silage"},{"id":3795182,"name":"Neutral Detergent Fiber","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Neutral_Detergent_Fiber"}],"urls":[{"id":41614896,"url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jas/skab235.839"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="118489666"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/118489666/Effects_of_rumen_protected_pantothenate_on_ruminal_fermentation_microbial_enzyme_activity_cellulolytic_bacteria_and_urinary_excretion_of_purine_derivatives_in_growing_beef_steers"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Effects of rumen-protected pantothenate on ruminal fermentation, microbial enzyme activity, cellulolytic bacteria and urinary excretion of purine derivatives in growing beef steers" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/114103548/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/118489666/Effects_of_rumen_protected_pantothenate_on_ruminal_fermentation_microbial_enzyme_activity_cellulolytic_bacteria_and_urinary_excretion_of_purine_derivatives_in_growing_beef_steers">Effects of rumen-protected pantothenate on ruminal fermentation, microbial enzyme activity, cellulolytic bacteria and urinary excretion of purine derivatives in growing beef steers</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Livestock Science</span><span>, Aug 1, 2017</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="2410e97d94d79093e375021a31cc37a2" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":114103548,"asset_id":118489666,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/114103548/download_file?st=MTczMjQ0NzU0Miw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczMjQ0NzU0Miw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="118489666"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="118489666"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 118489666; 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="118489660"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/118489660/Feed_nutritional_value_of_brewers_spent_grain_residue_resulting_from_protease_aided_protein_removal"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Feed nutritional value of brewers’ spent grain residue resulting from protease aided protein removal" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/114103542/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/118489660/Feed_nutritional_value_of_brewers_spent_grain_residue_resulting_from_protease_aided_protein_removal">Feed nutritional value of brewers’ spent grain residue resulting from protease aided protein removal</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Journal of animal science and biotechnology</span><span>, Sep 18, 2019</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="a08a73f56a37042504ea0bb5294db0aa" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":114103542,"asset_id":118489660,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/114103542/download_file?st=MTczMjQ0NzU0Miw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczMjQ0NzU0Miw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="118489660"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="118489660"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 118489660; 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