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<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "//www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd"><html xmlns="//www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><head><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" /><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1" /><title>Exodus 11:5 and every firstborn son in the land of Egypt will die, from the firstborn of Pharaoh who sits on his throne, to the firstborn of the servant girl behind the hand mill, as well as the firstborn of all the cattle.</title><link rel="canonical" href="https://biblehub.com/exodus/11-5.htm" /><link rel="stylesheet" href="/new9.css" type="text/css" media="Screen" /><meta property="og:image" content="https://biblehub.com/visuals/13/02_Exo_11_05.jpg" /><meta property="og:title" content="Exodus 11:5 - The Plague on the Firstborn Foretold" /><meta property="og:site_name" content="Bible Hub" /><meta property="og:description" content="and every firstborn son in the land of Egypt will die, from the firstborn of Pharaoh who sits on his throne, to the firstborn of the servant girl behind the hand mill, as well as the firstborn of all the cattle." /><script type="application/javascript" src="https://scripts.webcontentassessor.com/scripts/8a2459b64f9cac8122fc7f2eac4409c8555fac9383016db59c4c26e3d5b8b157"></script><script src='https://qd.admetricspro.com/js/biblehub/biblehub-layout-loader-revcatch.js'></script><script id='HyDgbd_1s' src='https://prebidads.revcatch.com/ads.js' type='text/javascript' async></script><script>(function(w,d,b,s,i){var cts=d.createElement(s);cts.async=true;cts.id='catchscript'; cts.dataset.appid=i;cts.src='https://app.protectsubrev.com/catch_rp.js?cb='+Math.random(); document.head.appendChild(cts); }) (window,document,'head','script','rc-anksrH');</script></head><body><div id="fx"><table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" id="fx2"><tr><td><iframe width="100%" height="30" scrolling="no" src="/vmenus/exodus/11-5.htm" align="left" frameborder="0"></iframe></td></tr></table></div><div id="blnk"></div><div align="center"><table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" class="maintable"><tr><td><div id="fx5"><table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" id="fx6"><tr><td><iframe width="100%" height="245" scrolling="no" src="/bmc/exodus/11-5.htm" frameborder="0"></iframe></td></tr></table></div></td></tr></table></div><div align="center"><table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" class="maintable3"><tr><td><table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" align="center" id="announce"><tr><td><div id="l1"><div id="breadcrumbs"><a href="/">Bible</a> > <a href="/exodus/">Exodus</a> > <a href="/exodus/11.htm">Chapter 11</a> > Verse 5</div><div id="anc"><iframe src="/anc.htm" width="100%" height="27" scrolling="no" frameborder="0"></iframe></div><div id="anc2"><table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" align="center"><tr><td><iframe src="/anc2.htm" width="100%" height="27" scrolling="no" frameborder="0"></iframe></td></tr></table></div></div><div id="ad1"><table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" align="center"><tr><td><iframe src="/ad5.htm" width="100%" height="48" scrolling="no" frameborder="0"></iframe></td></tr></table></div></td></tr></table><div id="movebox2"><table border="0" align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tr><td><div id="topheading"><a href="/exodus/11-4.htm" title="Exodus 11:4">◄</a> Exodus 11:5 <a href="/exodus/11-6.htm" title="Exodus 11:6">►</a></div></tr></table></div><div align="center" class="maintable2"><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" align="center"><tr><td><div id="topverse"> <a href="#audio" class="clickchap2" title="Context and Audio Bible"> Audio </a> <a href="#crossref" class="clickchap2" title="Cross References"> Cross </a> <a href="#study" class="clickchap2" title="Study Bible"> Study </a> <a href="#commentary" class="clickchap2" title="Commentary"> Comm </a> <a href="#lexicon" class="clickchap2" title="Lexicon"> Heb </a> </div><div id="leftbox"><div class="padleft"><div class="vheadingv">Verse<a href="/bsb/exodus/11.htm" class="clickchap" style="color:#001320" title="Click any translation name for full chapter">  (Click for Chapter)</a></div><div id="par"><a href="/niv/exodus/11.htm">New International Version</a> Every firstborn son in Egypt will die, from the firstborn son of Pharaoh, who sits on the throne, to the firstborn son of the female slave, who is at her hand mill, and all the firstborn of the cattle as well. <a href="/nlt/exodus/11.htm">New Living Translation</a> All the firstborn sons will die in every family in Egypt, from the oldest son of Pharaoh, who sits on his throne, to the oldest son of his lowliest servant girl who grinds the flour. Even the firstborn of all the livestock will die. <a href="/esv/exodus/11.htm">English Standard Version</a> and every firstborn in the land of Egypt shall die, from the firstborn of Pharaoh who sits on his throne, even to the firstborn of the slave girl who is behind the handmill, and all the firstborn of the cattle. <a href="/bsb/exodus/11.htm">Berean Standard Bible</a> and every firstborn son in the land of Egypt will die, from the firstborn of Pharaoh who sits on his throne, to the firstborn of the servant girl behind the hand mill, as well as the firstborn of all the cattle. <a href="/kjv/exodus/11.htm">King James Bible</a> And all the firstborn in the land of Egypt shall die, from the firstborn of Pharaoh that sitteth upon his throne, even unto the firstborn of the maidservant that is behind the mill; and all the firstborn of beasts. <a href="/nkjv/exodus/11.htm">New King James Version</a> and all the firstborn in the land of Egypt shall die, from the firstborn of Pharaoh who sits on his throne, even to the firstborn of the female servant who is behind the handmill, and all the firstborn of the animals. <a href="/nasb_/exodus/11.htm">New American Standard Bible</a> and all the firstborn in the land of Egypt shall die, from the firstborn of the Pharaoh who sits on his throne, to the firstborn of the slave girl who is behind the millstones; all the firstborn of the cattle as well. <a href="/nasb/exodus/11.htm">NASB 1995</a> and all the firstborn in the land of Egypt shall die, from the firstborn of the Pharaoh who sits on his throne, even to the firstborn of the slave girl who is behind the millstones; all the firstborn of the cattle as well. <a href="/nasb77/exodus/11.htm">NASB 1977 </a> and all the first-born in the land of Egypt shall die, from the first-born of the Pharaoh who sits on his throne, even to the first-born of the slave girl who is behind the millstones; all the first-born of the cattle as well. <a href="/lsb/exodus/11.htm">Legacy Standard Bible </a> and all the firstborn in the land of Egypt shall die, from the firstborn of the Pharaoh who sits on his throne, even to the firstborn of the servant-girl who is behind the millstones; and all the firstborn of the cattle. <a href="/amp/exodus/11.htm">Amplified Bible</a> and all the firstborn in the land [the pride, hope, and joy] of Egypt shall die, from the firstborn of Pharaoh who sits on his throne, to the firstborn of the slave girl who is behind the hand-mill, and all the firstborn of cattle as well. <a href="/csb/exodus/11.htm">Christian Standard Bible</a> and every firstborn male in the land of Egypt will die, from the firstborn of Pharaoh who sits on his throne to the firstborn of the servant girl who is at the grindstones, as well as every firstborn of the livestock. <a href="/hcsb/exodus/11.htm">Holman Christian Standard Bible</a> and every firstborn male in the land of Egypt will die, from the firstborn of Pharaoh who sits on his throne to the firstborn of the servant girl who is behind the millstones, as well as every firstborn of the livestock. <a href="/asv/exodus/11.htm">American Standard Version</a> and all the first-born in the land of Egypt shall die, from the first-born of Pharaoh that sitteth upon his throne, even unto the first-born of the maid-servant that is behind the mill; and all the first-born of cattle. <a href="/cev/exodus/11.htm">Contemporary English Version</a> and wherever he goes, the first-born son in every family will die. Your own son will die, and so will the son of the lowest slave woman. Even the first-born males of your cattle will die. <a href="/erv/exodus/11.htm">English Revised Version</a> and all the firstborn in the land of Egypt shall die, from the firstborn of Pharaoh that sitteth upon his throne, even unto the firstborn of the maidservant that is behind the mill; and all the firstborn of cattle. <a href="/gwt/exodus/11.htm">GOD'S WORD® Translation</a> Every firstborn son in Egypt will die, from the firstborn of Pharaoh who rules the land, to the firstborn children of female slaves who use their handmills, including every firstborn domestic animal. <a href="/gnt/exodus/11.htm">Good News Translation</a> and every first-born son in Egypt will die, from the king's son, who is heir to the throne, to the son of the slave woman who grinds grain. The first-born of all the cattle will die also. <a href="/isv/exodus/11.htm">International Standard Version</a> and all the firstborn in the land of Egypt will die, from the firstborn of Pharaoh who sits on his throne to the firstborn of the slave girl who operates the hand mill, along with the firstborn of the animals. <a href="/msb/exodus/11.htm">Majority Standard Bible</a> and every firstborn son in the land of Egypt will die, from the firstborn of Pharaoh who sits on his throne, to the firstborn of the servant girl behind the hand mill, as well as the firstborn of all the cattle. <a href="/net/exodus/11.htm">NET Bible</a> and all the firstborn in the land of Egypt will die, from the firstborn son of Pharaoh who sits on his throne, to the firstborn son of the slave girl who is at her hand mill, and all the firstborn of the cattle. <a href="/nheb/exodus/11.htm">New Heart English Bible</a> and all the firstborn in the land of Egypt shall die, from the firstborn of Pharaoh who sits on his throne, even to the firstborn of the female servant who is behind the mill; and all the firstborn of livestock. <a href="/wbt/exodus/11.htm">Webster's Bible Translation</a> And all the first-born in the land of Egypt shall die, from the first-born of Pharaoh that sitteth upon his throne, even to the first-born of the maid-servant that is behind the mill; and all the first-born of beasts. <a href="/web/exodus/11.htm">World English Bible</a> and all the firstborn in the land of Egypt shall die, from the firstborn of Pharaoh who sits on his throne, even to the firstborn of the female servant who is behind the mill, and all the firstborn of livestock. <div class="vheading2">Literal Translations</div><a href="/lsv/exodus/11.htm">Literal Standard Version</a> and every firstborn in the land of Egypt has died, from the firstborn of Pharaoh who is sitting on his throne, to the firstborn of the maidservant who [is] behind the millstones, and all the firstborn of beasts; <a href="/ylt/exodus/11.htm">Young's Literal Translation</a> and every first-born in the land of Egypt hath died, from the first-born of Pharaoh who is sitting on his throne, unto the first-born of the maid-servant who is behind the millstones, and all the first-born of beasts; <a href="/slt/exodus/11.htm">Smith's Literal Translation</a> And every first-born in the land of Egypt shall die, from the first-born of Pharaoh sitting upon his throne, even to the first-born of the maid which is behind the two mill-stones; and every first-born of quadruped.<div class="vheading2">Catholic Translations</div><a href="/drb/exodus/11.htm">Douay-Rheims Bible</a> And every firstborn in the land of the Egyptians shall die, from the firstborn of Pharao who sitteth on his throne, even to the first born of the handmaid that is at the mill, and all the firstborn of beasts. <a href="/cpdv/exodus/11.htm">Catholic Public Domain Version</a> And every firstborn in the land of the Egyptians shall die, from the firstborn of Pharaoh, who sits on his throne, even to the firstborn of the handmaid, who is at the millstone, and all the firstborn of the beasts of burden. <a href="/nabre/exodus/11.htm">New American Bible</a> Every firstborn in the land of Egypt will die, from the firstborn of Pharaoh who sits on his throne to the firstborn of the slave-girl who is at the handmill, as well as all the firstborn of the animals. <a href="/nrsvce/exodus/11.htm">New Revised Standard Version</a> Every firstborn in the land of Egypt shall die, from the firstborn of Pharaoh who sits on his throne to the firstborn of the female slave who is behind the handmill, and all the firstborn of the livestock.<div class="vheading2">Translations from Aramaic</div><a href="/lamsa/exodus/11.htm">Lamsa Bible</a> And all the first-born in the land of Egypt shall die, from the first-born of Pharaoh who sits on his throne even to the first-born of the maidservant who sits behind the mill; and all the first-born of the animals. <a href="/hpbt/exodus/11.htm">Peshitta Holy Bible Translated</a> And all of the firstborn of the land of Egypt will die, from the firstborn of Pharaoh who sits on his throne even unto the firstborn of an handmaiden that is in the house of the millstone and all the firstborn of oxen.<div class="vheading2">OT Translations</div><a href="/jps/exodus/11.htm">JPS Tanakh 1917</a> and all the first-born in the land of Egypt shall die, from the first-born of Pharaoh that sitteth upon his throne, even unto the first-born of the maid-servant that is behind the mill; and all the first-born of cattle. <a href="/sep/exodus/11.htm">Brenton Septuagint Translation</a> And every first-born in the land of Egypt shall die, from the first-born of Pharao that sits on the throne, even to the first-born of the woman-servant that is by the mill, and to the first-born of all cattle. <a href="/parallel/exodus/11-5.htm">Additional Translations ...</a></div></div></div><div id="centbox"><div class="padcent"><a name="audio" id="audio"></a><div class="vheadingv">Audio Bible</div><iframe width="100%" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/kVae3PiKqhs?start=2618" title="YouTube video player" frameborder="0" allow="accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share" allowfullscreen></iframe> <div class="vheadingv">Context</div><a href="/bsb/exodus/11.htm">The Plague on the Firstborn Foretold</a> …4So Moses declared, “This is what the LORD says: ‘About midnight I will go throughout Egypt, 5<a href="/hebrew/3605.htm" title="3605: kāl- (N-msc) -- The whole, all. Or kowl; from kalal; properly, the whole; hence, all, any or every.">and every</a> <a href="/hebrew/1060.htm" title="1060: bə·ḵō·wr (N-ms) -- First-born. From bakar; firstborn; hence, chief.">firstborn son</a> <a href="/hebrew/776.htm" title="776: bə·’e·reṣ (Prep-b:: N-fsc) -- Earth, land. From an unused root probably meaning to be firm; the earth.">in the land</a> <a href="/hebrew/4714.htm" title="4714: miṣ·ra·yim (N-proper-fs) -- A son of Ham, also his desc. and their country in N.W. Africa. Dual of matsowr; Mitsrajim, i.e. Upper and Lower Egypt.">of Egypt</a> <a href="/hebrew/4191.htm" title="4191: ū·mêṯ (Conj-w:: V-Qal-ConjPerf-3ms) -- To die. A primitive root: to die; causatively, to kill.">will die,</a> <a href="/hebrew/1060.htm" title="1060: mib·bə·ḵō·wr (Prep-m:: N-msc) -- First-born. From bakar; firstborn; hence, chief.">from the firstborn</a> <a href="/hebrew/6547.htm" title="6547: par·‘ōh (N-proper-ms) -- A title of Eg. kings. Of Egyptian derivation; Paroh, a general title of Egyptian kings.">of Pharaoh</a> <a href="/hebrew/3427.htm" title="3427: hay·yō·šêḇ (Art:: V-Qal-Prtcpl-ms) -- A primitive root; properly, to sit down; by implication, to dwell, to remain; causatively, to settle, to marry.">who sits</a> <a href="/hebrew/5921.htm" title="5921: ‘al- (Prep) -- Properly, the same as al used as a preposition; above, over, upon, or against in a great variety of applications.">on</a> <a href="/hebrew/3678.htm" title="3678: kis·’ōw (N-msc:: 3ms) -- Seat of honor, throne. Or kicceh; from kacah; properly, covered, i.e. A throne.">his throne,</a> <a href="/hebrew/5704.htm" title="5704: ‘aḏ (Prep) -- As far as, even to, up to, until, while. Properly, the same as ad; as far as, whether of space or time or degree.">to</a> <a href="/hebrew/1060.htm" title="1060: bə·ḵō·wr (N-msc) -- First-born. From bakar; firstborn; hence, chief.">the firstborn</a> <a href="/hebrew/8198.htm" title="8198: haš·šip̄·ḥāh (Art:: N-fs) -- Maid, maidservant. Feminine from an unused root meaning to spread out; a female slave.">of the servant girl</a> <a href="/hebrew/834.htm" title="834: ’ă·šer (Pro-r) -- Who, which, that. A primitive relative pronoun; who, which, what, that; also when, where, how, because, in order that, etc."></a> <a href="/hebrew/310.htm" title="310: ’a·ḥar (Prep) -- The hind or following part. From 'achar; properly, the hind part; generally used as an adverb or conjunction, after.">behind</a> <a href="/hebrew/7347.htm" title="7347: hā·rê·ḥā·yim (Art:: N-md) -- (hand)mill. From an unused root meaning to pulverize; a mill-stone.">the hand mill,</a> <a href="/hebrew/1060.htm" title="1060: bə·ḵō·wr (N-msc) -- First-born. From bakar; firstborn; hence, chief.">as well as the firstborn</a> <a href="/hebrew/3605.htm" title="3605: wə·ḵōl (Conj-w:: N-msc) -- The whole, all. Or kowl; from kalal; properly, the whole; hence, all, any or every.">of all</a> <a href="/hebrew/929.htm" title="929: bə·hê·māh (N-fs) -- A beast, animal, cattle. From an unused root; properly, a dumb beast; especially any large quadruped or animal.">the cattle.</a> 6Then a great cry will go out over all the land of Egypt. Such an outcry has never been heard before and will never be heard again.…<div class="cred"><a href="//berean.bible">Berean Standard Bible</a> · <a href="//berean.bible/downloads.htm">Download</a></div> <a name="crossref" id="crossref"></a><div class="vheading">Cross References</div><div id="crf"><a href="/exodus/12-29.htm">Exodus 12:29-30</a> Now at midnight the LORD struck down every firstborn male in the land of Egypt, from the firstborn of Pharaoh, who sat on his throne, to the firstborn of the prisoner in the dungeon, as well as all the firstborn among the livestock. / During the night Pharaoh got up—he and all his officials and all the Egyptians—and there was loud wailing in Egypt; for there was no house without someone dead. <a href="/genesis/12-12.htm">Genesis 12:12</a> and when the Egyptians see you, they will say, ‘This is his wife.’ Then they will kill me but will let you live. <a href="/genesis/41-51.htm">Genesis 41:51-52</a> Joseph named the firstborn Manasseh, saying, “God has made me forget all my hardship and all my father’s household.” / And the second son he named Ephraim, saying, “God has made me fruitful in the land of my affliction.” <a href="/psalms/78-51.htm">Psalm 78:51</a> He struck all the firstborn of Egypt, the virility in the tents of Ham. <a href="/psalms/105-36.htm">Psalm 105:36</a> Then He struck all the firstborn in their land, the firstfruits of all their vigor. <a href="/hebrews/11-28.htm">Hebrews 11:28</a> By faith he kept the Passover and the sprinkling of blood, so that the destroyer of the firstborn would not touch Israel’s own firstborn. <a href="/numbers/3-13.htm">Numbers 3:13</a> for all the firstborn are Mine. On the day I struck down every firstborn in the land of Egypt, I consecrated to Myself all the firstborn in Israel, both man and beast. They are Mine; I am the LORD.” <a href="/numbers/8-17.htm">Numbers 8:17</a> For every firstborn male in Israel is Mine, both man and beast. I set them apart for Myself on the day I struck down all the firstborn in the land of Egypt. <a href="/deuteronomy/15-19.htm">Deuteronomy 15:19</a> You must set apart to the LORD your God every firstborn male produced by your herds and flocks. You are not to put the firstborn of your oxen to work, nor are you to shear the firstborn of your flock. <a href="/1_samuel/2-6.htm">1 Samuel 2:6</a> The LORD brings death and gives life; He brings down to Sheol and raises up. <a href="/2_samuel/24-15.htm">2 Samuel 24:15</a> So the LORD sent a plague upon Israel from that morning until the appointed time, and seventy thousand of the people from Dan to Beersheba died. <a href="/isaiah/14-30.htm">Isaiah 14:30</a> Then the firstborn of the poor will find pasture, and the needy will lie down in safety, but I will kill your root by famine, and your remnant will be slain. <a href="/jeremiah/31-9.htm">Jeremiah 31:9</a> They will come with weeping, and by their supplication I will lead them; I will make them walk beside streams of waters, on a level path where they will not stumble. For I am Israel’s Father, and Ephraim is My firstborn.” <a href="/hosea/11-1.htm">Hosea 11:1</a> When Israel was a child, I loved him, and out of Egypt I called My son. <a href="/matthew/2-15.htm">Matthew 2:15</a> where he stayed until the death of Herod. This fulfilled what the Lord had spoken through the prophet: “Out of Egypt I called My Son.”</div> <a name="tsk" id="tsk"><div class="vheading">Treasury of Scripture</div>And all the firstborn in the land of Egypt shall die, from the first born of Pharaoh that sits on his throne, even to the firstborn of the maidservant that is behind the mill; and all the firstborn of beasts.the firstborn<a href="/exodus/4-23.htm">Exodus 4:23</a> And I say unto thee, Let my son go, that he may serve me: and if thou refuse to let him go, behold, I will slay thy son, even thy firstborn.<a href="/exodus/12-12.htm">Exodus 12:12,29</a> For I will pass through the land of Egypt this night, and will smite all the firstborn in the land of Egypt, both man and beast; and against all the gods of Egypt I will execute judgment: I am the LORD… <a href="/exodus/13-15.htm">Exodus 13:15</a> And it came to pass, when Pharaoh would hardly let us go, that the LORD slew all the firstborn in the land of Egypt, both the firstborn of man, and the firstborn of beast: therefore I sacrifice to the LORD all that openeth the matrix, being males; but all the firstborn of my children I redeem.behind<a href="/judges/16-21.htm">Judges 16:21</a> But the Philistines took him, and put out his eyes, and brought him down to Gaza, and bound him with fetters of brass; and he did grind in the prison house.<a href="/isaiah/47-2.htm">Isaiah 47:2</a> Take the millstones, and grind meal: uncover thy locks, make bare the leg, uncover the thigh, pass over the rivers.<a href="/lamentations/5-13.htm">Lamentations 5:13</a> They took the young men to grind, and the children fell under the wood.<div class="vheading">Jump to Previous</div><a href="/genesis/45-17.htm">Beasts</a> <a href="/exodus/6-19.htm">Births</a> <a href="/exodus/1-22.htm">Born</a> <a href="/exodus/10-26.htm">Cattle</a> <a href="/genesis/40-11.htm">Crushing</a> <a href="/exodus/10-17.htm">Death</a> <a href="/exodus/10-28.htm">Die</a> <a href="/exodus/11-4.htm">Egypt</a> <a href="/genesis/45-23.htm">Female</a> <a href="/exodus/4-23.htm">First</a> <a href="/exodus/6-14.htm">Firstborn</a> <a href="/exodus/6-14.htm">First-Born</a> <a href="/exodus/2-8.htm">Girl</a> <a href="/genesis/47-24.htm">Grain</a> <a href="/exodus/10-26.htm">Livestock</a> <a href="/genesis/35-26.htm">Maidservant</a> <a href="/genesis/35-26.htm">Maid-Servant</a> <a href="/revelation/18-22.htm">Mill</a> <a href="/lamentations/5-13.htm">Millstones</a> <a href="/exodus/11-1.htm">Pharaoh</a> <a href="/exodus/9-16.htm">Power</a> <a href="/exodus/2-15.htm">Seat</a> <a href="/exodus/4-10.htm">Servant</a> <a href="/exodus/2-5.htm">Servant-Girl</a> <a href="/revelation/21-5.htm">Sits</a> <a href="/genesis/31-34.htm">Sitteth</a> <a href="/exodus/5-13.htm">Slave</a> <a href="/genesis/41-40.htm">Throne</a><div class="vheading2">Jump to Next</div><a href="/exodus/13-15.htm">Beasts</a> <a href="/exodus/12-29.htm">Births</a> <a href="/exodus/12-19.htm">Born</a> <a href="/exodus/12-29.htm">Cattle</a> <a href="/exodus/32-20.htm">Crushing</a> <a href="/exodus/12-6.htm">Death</a> <a href="/exodus/12-33.htm">Die</a> <a href="/exodus/11-6.htm">Egypt</a> <a href="/exodus/20-10.htm">Female</a> <a href="/exodus/12-2.htm">First</a> <a href="/exodus/12-12.htm">Firstborn</a> <a href="/exodus/12-12.htm">First-Born</a> <a href="/leviticus/12-7.htm">Girl</a> <a href="/exodus/16-31.htm">Grain</a> <a href="/exodus/12-29.htm">Livestock</a> <a href="/exodus/20-10.htm">Maidservant</a> <a href="/exodus/20-10.htm">Maid-Servant</a> <a href="/deuteronomy/24-6.htm">Mill</a> <a href="/numbers/11-8.htm">Millstones</a> <a href="/exodus/11-8.htm">Pharaoh</a> <a href="/exodus/12-29.htm">Power</a> <a href="/exodus/12-29.htm">Seat</a> <a href="/exodus/12-44.htm">Servant</a> <a href="/1_samuel/25-41.htm">Servant-Girl</a> <a href="/leviticus/15-4.htm">Sits</a> <a href="/exodus/18-13.htm">Sitteth</a> <a href="/exodus/12-44.htm">Slave</a> <a href="/exodus/12-29.htm">Throne</a><div class="vheading2">Exodus 11</div>1. <a href="/exodus/11-1.htm">God's message to the Israelites to borrow jewels of their neighbors</a> 4. <a href="/exodus/11-4.htm">Moses threatens Pharaoh with the death the firstborn</a> </div></div><div id="mdd"><div align="center"><div class="bot2"><table align="center" width="100%"><tr><td><div align="center"> <script id="3d27ed63fc4348d5b062c4527ae09445"> (new Image()).src = 'https://capi.connatix.com/tr/si?token=51ce25d5-1a8c-424a-8695-4bd48c750f35&cid=3a9f82d0-4344-4f8d-ac0c-e1a0eb43a405'; </script> <script id="b817b7107f1d4a7997da1b3c33457e03"> (new Image()).src = 'https://capi.connatix.com/tr/si?token=cb0edd8b-b416-47eb-8c6d-3cc96561f7e8&cid=3a9f82d0-4344-4f8d-ac0c-e1a0eb43a405'; </script>  <div id='div-gpt-ad-1529103594582-2'> </div>  <div id='div-gpt-ad-1529103594582-0' style='max-width: 300px;'> </div>  <div id='div-gpt-ad-1529103594582-3'> </div>  <div id='div-gpt-ad-1529103594582-1' style='max-width: 300px;'> </div>  <div align="center" id='div-gpt-ad-1531425649696-0'> </div> <ins class="adsbygoogle" style="display:inline-block;width:200px;height:200px" data-ad-client="ca-pub-3753401421161123" data-ad-slot="3592799687"></ins> <script> (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); </script> </div> </td></tr></table></div></div></div><div id="combox"><div class="padcom"><a name="study" id="study"></a><div class="vheading"><table width="100%"><tr><td width="99%" valign="top"><a href="/study/exodus/11.htm">Study Bible</a></td><td width="1%" valign="top"><a href="/study/exodus/" title="Book Summary and Study">Book ◦</a> <a href="/study/chapters/exodus/11.htm" title="Chapter summary and Study">Chapter </a></tr></table></div>and every firstborn son in the land of Egypt will die This phrase marks the final and most severe of the ten plagues that God sent upon Egypt. The death of the firstborn is a direct challenge to the Egyptian belief system, where the firstborn held a special status and were often seen as heirs to family legacy and divine favor. This plague demonstrates God's sovereignty over life and death, contrasting the impotence of the Egyptian gods. It also foreshadows the sacrificial system in Israel, where the firstborn of every womb was consecrated to God (<a href="/exodus/13-2.htm">Exodus 13:2</a>).from the firstborn of Pharaoh who sits on his throne Pharaoh was considered a god-king in Egyptian culture, and his firstborn son was the heir apparent, often seen as a future deity. The death of Pharaoh's firstborn would have been a profound blow to the Egyptian royal family and their claims of divine status. This act underscores the futility of Pharaoh's resistance against God's will and serves as a direct affront to the Egyptian pantheon, particularly against deities associated with kingship and succession.to the firstborn of the servant girl behind the hand mill This phrase highlights the universality of the plague, affecting all social strata in Egypt. The servant girl represents the lowest rung of society, yet her firstborn is equally subject to the judgment of God. This demonstrates that God's justice is impartial and that no one, regardless of status, is exempt from His decrees. It also emphasizes the comprehensive nature of the plague, affecting every household in Egypt.as well as the firstborn of all the cattle The inclusion of cattle in this judgment further illustrates the totality of the plague's impact. Cattle were vital to the Egyptian economy and religious practices, often associated with fertility and strength. The death of the firstborn cattle signifies a blow to Egypt's agricultural wealth and religious symbolism. This aspect of the plague also prefigures the sacrificial system in Israel, where animals played a crucial role in atonement and worship, pointing ultimately to Christ as the sacrificial Lamb.<div class="vheading2">Persons / Places / Events</div>1. <a href="/topical/p/pharaoh.htm">Pharaoh</a> The ruler of Egypt, whose heart was hardened against letting the Israelites go, leading to the plagues. 2. <a href="/topical/e/egypt.htm">Egypt</a> The land where the Israelites were enslaved, and where God demonstrated His power through the plagues. 3. <a href="/topical/f/firstborn.htm">Firstborn</a> Refers to the firstborn sons of both humans and animals in Egypt, who were to die as part of the final plague. 4. <a href="/topical/s/servant_girl.htm">Servant Girl</a> Represents the lowest social class in Egypt, indicating that the plague would affect all levels of society. 5. <a href="/topical/c/cattle.htm">Cattle</a> The livestock of Egypt, which were also affected by the plague, showing the comprehensive nature of God's judgment.<div class="vheading2">Teaching Points</div><a href="/topical/g/god's_sovereignty.htm">God's Sovereignty</a> This passage demonstrates God's ultimate authority over life and death, emphasizing His power to execute judgment. <a href="/topical/t/the_cost_of_disobedience.htm">The Cost of Disobedience</a> Pharaoh's refusal to heed God's command resulted in severe consequences, reminding us of the importance of obedience to God. <a href="/topical/u/universal_judgment.htm">Universal Judgment</a> The plague affected all levels of Egyptian society, illustrating that God's judgment is impartial and comprehensive. <a href="/topical/p/protection_through_obedience.htm">Protection through Obedience</a> The subsequent Passover event shows that obedience to God's instructions provides protection and deliverance. <a href="/topical/f/foreshadowing_of_christ.htm">Foreshadowing of Christ</a> The death of the firstborn in Egypt points to the sacrificial death of Jesus, the firstborn over all creation, who provides salvation.<div class="vheading2">Lists and Questions</div><a href="/top10/lessons_from_exodus_11.htm">Top 10 Lessons from Exodus 11</a> <a href="/q/benefits_of_studying_theology.htm">Why did God kill Egypt's firstborn children?</a> <a href="/q/what_happens_in_exodus.htm">What events occur in the biblical book of Exodus?</a> <a href="/q/how_to_biblically_respect_others.htm">What are examples of miracles in the Bible?</a> <a href="/q/why_would_god_allow_child_deaths_in_exodus.htm">(Exodus 11) How could a just and loving God sanction the killing of innocent children for Pharaoh’s stubbornness? </a><a name="commentary" id="commentary"></a><div class="vheading2"><a href="/commentaries/ellicott/exodus/11.htm">Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers</a></div>(5) All the firstborn . . . shall die.--The Heb. word translated firstborn is applied only to males; and thus the announcement was that in every family the eldest son should be cut off. In Egypt, as in most other countries, the law of primogeniture prevailed--the eldest son was the hope, stay, and support of the household, his father's companion, his mother's joy, the object of his brothers' and sisters' reverence. The firstborn of the Pharaoh bore the title of erpa suten sa, or "hereditary crown prince," and succeeded his father, unless he died or was formally set aside during his father's lifetime. Among the nobles, estates were inherited, and sometimes titles descended to the firstborn. No greater affliction can be conceived, short of the general destruction of the people, than the sudden death in every family of him round whom the highest interests and fondest hopes clustered.The maidservant that is behind the mill marks the lowest grade in the social scale, as the king that sits upon his throne marks the highest. All alike were to suffer. In every family there was to be one dead (<a href="/exodus/12-30.htm" title="And Pharaoh rose up in the night, he, and all his servants, and all the Egyptians; and there was a great cry in Egypt; for there was not a house where there was not one dead.">Exodus 12:30</a>).All the firstborn of beasts.--The aggravation of the calamity by its extension to beasts is very remarkable, and is probably to be connected with the Egyptian animal-worship. At all times there were in Egypt four animals regarded as actual incarnations of deity, and the objects of profound veneration. Three of these were bulls, while one was a white cow. It is not unlikely that all were required to be "firstborns;" in which case the whole of Egypt would have been plunged into a religious mourning on account of their deaths, in addition to the domestic mourning that must have prevailed in each house. The deaths of other sacred animals, and of many pet animals in houses, would have increased the general consternation.<div class="vheading2"><a href="/commentaries/pulpit/exodus/11.htm">Pulpit Commentary</a></div>Verse 5. - All the first-born. The law of primogeniture prevailed in Egypt, as among most of the nations of antiquity. The monarchy (under the New Empire, at any rate) was hereditary, and the eldest son was known as erpa suten sa, or "hereditary Crown Prince." Estates descended to the eldest son, and in many cases high dignities also. No severer blow could have been sent on the nation, if it were not to be annihilated, than the less in each house of the hope of the family - the parents' stay, the other children's guardian and protector. Who sitteth. "Sitteth" refers to "Pharaoh," not to "first-born." The meaning is, "from the first-born of the king who occupies the throne to the first-born of the humblest slave or servant. This last is represented by the handmaid who is behind the mill; since grinding at a mill was regarded as one of the severest and most irksome forms of labour. The work was commonly assigned to captives (<a href="/isaiah/47-1.htm">Isaiah 47:1, 2</a>; <a href="/judges/16-21.htm">Judges 16:21</a>). It was done by either one or two persons sitting, and consisted in rotating rapidly the upper millstone upon the lower by means of a handle. All the first-born of beasts. Not the first-born of cattle only, but of all beasts. The Egyptians had pet animals in most houses, dogs, apes, monkeys, perhaps cats and ichneumons. Most temples had sacred animals, and in most districts of Egypt, some beasts were regarded as sacred, and might not be killed, their death being viewed as a calamity. The loss of so many animals would consequently be felt by the Egyptians as a sensible aggravation of the infliction. It would wound them both in their domestic and in their religious sensibilities. <a href="/commentaries/exodus/11-5.htm">Parallel Commentaries ...</a> <a name="lexicon" id="lexicon"></a><div class="vheading">Hebrew</div>and every כָּל־ (kāl-) Noun - masculine singular construct <a href="/hebrew/strongs_3605.htm">Strong's 3605: </a> The whole, all, any, every firstborn son בְּכוֹר֮ (bə·ḵō·wr) Noun - masculine singular <a href="/hebrew/strongs_1060.htm">Strong's 1060: </a> Firstborn, chief in the land בְּאֶ֣רֶץ (bə·’e·reṣ) Preposition-b | Noun - feminine singular construct <a href="/hebrew/strongs_776.htm">Strong's 776: </a> Earth, land of Egypt מִצְרַיִם֒ (miṣ·ra·yim) Noun - proper - feminine singular <a href="/hebrew/strongs_4714.htm">Strong's 4714: </a> Egypt -- a son of Ham, also his descendants and their country in Northwest Africa will die, וּמֵ֣ת (ū·mêṯ) Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Conjunctive perfect - third person masculine singular <a href="/hebrew/strongs_4191.htm">Strong's 4191: </a> To die, to kill from the firstborn מִבְּכ֤וֹר (mib·bə·ḵō·wr) Preposition-m | Noun - masculine singular construct <a href="/hebrew/strongs_1060.htm">Strong's 1060: </a> Firstborn, chief of Pharaoh פַּרְעֹה֙ (par·‘ōh) Noun - proper - masculine singular <a href="/hebrew/strongs_6547.htm">Strong's 6547: </a> Pharaoh -- a title of Egypt kings who sits הַיֹּשֵׁ֣ב (hay·yō·šêḇ) Article | Verb - Qal - Participle - masculine singular <a href="/hebrew/strongs_3427.htm">Strong's 3427: </a> To sit down, to dwell, to remain, to settle, to marry on עַל־ (‘al-) Preposition <a href="/hebrew/strongs_5921.htm">Strong's 5921: </a> Above, over, upon, against his throne, כִּסְא֔וֹ (kis·’ōw) Noun - masculine singular construct | third person masculine singular <a href="/hebrew/strongs_3678.htm">Strong's 3678: </a> Seat of honor, throne to עַ֚ד (‘aḏ) Preposition <a href="/hebrew/strongs_5704.htm">Strong's 5704: </a> As far as, even to, up to, until, while the firstborn בְּכ֣וֹר (bə·ḵō·wr) Noun - masculine singular construct <a href="/hebrew/strongs_1060.htm">Strong's 1060: </a> Firstborn, chief of the servant girl הַשִּׁפְחָ֔ה (haš·šip̄·ḥāh) Article | Noun - feminine singular <a href="/hebrew/strongs_8198.htm">Strong's 8198: </a> Maid, maidservant behind אַחַ֣ר (’a·ḥar) Preposition <a href="/hebrew/strongs_310.htm">Strong's 310: </a> The hind or following part the hand mill, הָרֵחָ֑יִם (hā·rê·ḥā·yim) Article | Noun - md <a href="/hebrew/strongs_7347.htm">Strong's 7347: </a> A mill-stone as well as the firstborn בְּכ֥וֹר (bə·ḵō·wr) Noun - masculine singular construct <a href="/hebrew/strongs_1060.htm">Strong's 1060: </a> Firstborn, chief of all וְכֹ֖ל (wə·ḵōl) Conjunctive waw | Noun - masculine singular construct <a href="/hebrew/strongs_3605.htm">Strong's 3605: </a> The whole, all, any, every the cattle. בְּהֵמָֽה׃ (bə·hê·māh) Noun - feminine singular <a href="/hebrew/strongs_929.htm">Strong's 929: </a> A dumb beast, any large quadruped, animal <div class="vheading">Links</div><a href="/niv/exodus/11-5.htm">Exodus 11:5 NIV</a> <a href="/nlt/exodus/11-5.htm">Exodus 11:5 NLT</a> <a href="/esv/exodus/11-5.htm">Exodus 11:5 ESV</a> <a href="/nasb/exodus/11-5.htm">Exodus 11:5 NASB</a> <a href="/kjv/exodus/11-5.htm">Exodus 11:5 KJV</a> <a href="//bibleapps.com/exodus/11-5.htm">Exodus 11:5 BibleApps.com</a> <a href="//bibliaparalela.com/exodus/11-5.htm">Exodus 11:5 Biblia Paralela</a> <a href="//holybible.com.cn/exodus/11-5.htm">Exodus 11:5 Chinese Bible</a> <a href="//saintebible.com/exodus/11-5.htm">Exodus 11:5 French Bible</a> <a href="/catholic/exodus/11-5.htm">Exodus 11:5 Catholic Bible</a> <a href="/exodus/11-5.htm">OT Law: Exodus 11:5 And all the firstborn in the land (Exo. Ex) </a></div></div></td></tr></table></div><div id="left"><a href="/exodus/11-4.htm" onmouseover='lft.src="/leftgif.png"' onmouseout='lft.src="/left.png"' title="Exodus 11:4"><img src="/left.png" name="lft" border="0" alt="Exodus 11:4" /></a></div><div id="right"><a href="/exodus/11-6.htm" onmouseover='rght.src="/rightgif.png"' onmouseout='rght.src="/right.png"' title="Exodus 11:6"><img src="/right.png" name="rght" border="0" alt="Exodus 11:6" /></a></div><div id="botleft"><a href="#" onmouseover='botleft.src="/botleftgif.png"' onmouseout='botleft.src="/botleft.png"' title="Top of Page"><img src="/botleft.png" name="botleft" border="0" alt="Top of Page" /></a></div><div id="botright"><a href="#" onmouseover='botright.src="/botrightgif.png"' onmouseout='botright.src="/botright.png"' title="Top of Page"><img src="/botright.png" name="botright" border="0" alt="Top of Page" /></a></div><div id="bot"><iframe width="100%" height="1500" scrolling="no" src="/botmenubhnew2.htm" frameborder="0"></iframe></div></td></tr></table></div></body></html>