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<li id="toc-Typographic_variants" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Typographic_variants"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>Typographic variants</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Typographic_variants-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Uppercase_"Q"" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Uppercase_"Q""> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1.1</span> <span>Uppercase "Q"</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Uppercase_"Q"-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Lowercase_"q"" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Lowercase_"q""> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1.2</span> <span>Lowercase "q"</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Lowercase_"q"-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Use_in_writing_systems" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Use_in_writing_systems"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Use in writing systems</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Use_in_writing_systems-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Use in writing systems subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Use_in_writing_systems-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-English" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#English"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>English</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-English-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Other_languages" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Other_languages"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>Other languages</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Other_languages-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Other_systems" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Other_systems"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3</span> <span>Other systems</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Other_systems-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Other_uses" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Other_uses"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Other uses</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Other_uses-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Related_characters" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Related_characters"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Related characters</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Related_characters-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Related characters subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Related_characters-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Descendants_and_related_characters_in_the_Latin_alphabet" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Descendants_and_related_characters_in_the_Latin_alphabet"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span>Descendants and related characters in the Latin alphabet</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Descendants_and_related_characters_in_the_Latin_alphabet-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Ancestors_and_siblings_in_other_alphabets" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ancestors_and_siblings_in_other_alphabets"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2</span> <span>Ancestors and siblings in other alphabets</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ancestors_and_siblings_in_other_alphabets-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Derived_signs,_symbols_and_abbreviations" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Derived_signs,_symbols_and_abbreviations"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.3</span> <span>Derived signs, symbols and abbreviations</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Derived_signs,_symbols_and_abbreviations-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Other_representations" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Other_representations"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Other representations</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Other_representations-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Other representations subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Other_representations-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Computing" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Computing"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.1</span> <span>Computing</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Computing-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Other" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Other"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.2</span> <span>Other</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Other-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Notes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Table of Contents" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Q</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 139 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-139" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">139 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ace mw-list-item"><a href="https://ace.wikipedia.org/wiki/Q" title="Q – Acehnese" lang="ace" hreflang="ace" data-title="Q" data-language-autonym="Acèh" data-language-local-name="Acehnese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Acèh</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Q" title="Q – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Q" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Q" title="Q – Alemannic" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Q" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="Alemannic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-am mw-list-item"><a href="https://am.wikipedia.org/wiki/Q" title="Q – Amharic" lang="am" hreflang="am" data-title="Q" data-language-autonym="አማርኛ" data-language-local-name="Amharic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>አማርኛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-smn mw-list-item"><a href="https://smn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Q" title="Q – Inari Sami" lang="smn" hreflang="smn" data-title="Q" data-language-autonym="Anarâškielâ" data-language-local-name="Inari Sami" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Anarâškielâ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ang mw-list-item"><a href="https://ang.wikipedia.org/wiki/Q" title="Q – Old English" lang="ang" hreflang="ang" data-title="Q" data-language-autonym="Ænglisc" data-language-local-name="Old English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ænglisc</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/Q" title="Q – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="Q" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Q" title="Q – Aragonese" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Q" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="Aragonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arc mw-list-item"><a href="https://arc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Q" title="Q – Aramaic" lang="arc" hreflang="arc" data-title="Q" data-language-autonym="ܐܪܡܝܐ" data-language-local-name="Aramaic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ܐܪܡܝܐ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Q" title="Q – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Q" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gn mw-list-item"><a href="https://gn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Q" title="Q – Guarani" lang="gn" hreflang="gn" data-title="Q" data-language-autonym="Avañe'ẽ" data-language-local-name="Guarani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Avañe'ẽ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Q" title="Q – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Q" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Q" title="Q – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="Q" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ban mw-list-item"><a href="https://ban.wikipedia.org/wiki/Q" title="Q – Balinese" lang="ban" hreflang="ban" data-title="Q" data-language-autonym="Basa Bali" data-language-local-name="Balinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Basa Bali</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Q" title="Q – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="Q" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Q" title="Q – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Q" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/Q_(%D0%BB%D1%96%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0)" title="Q (літара) – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Q (літара)" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/Q_(%D0%BB%D1%96%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0)" title="Q (літара) – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Q (літара)" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bcl mw-list-item"><a href="https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Q" title="Q – Central Bikol" lang="bcl" hreflang="bcl" data-title="Q" data-language-autonym="Bikol Central" data-language-local-name="Central Bikol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bikol Central</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Q" title="Q – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Q" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Q" title="Q – Bosnian" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Q" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Q" title="Q – Breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Q" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Breton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Q" title="Q – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Q" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Q" title="Q – Chuvash" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Q" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="Chuvash" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Q" title="Q – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Q" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sn mw-list-item"><a href="https://sn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Q" title="Q – Shona" lang="sn" hreflang="sn" data-title="Q" data-language-autonym="ChiShona" data-language-local-name="Shona" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ChiShona</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-co mw-list-item"><a href="https://co.wikipedia.org/wiki/Q" title="Q – Corsican" lang="co" hreflang="co" data-title="Q" data-language-autonym="Corsu" data-language-local-name="Corsican" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Corsu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Q" title="Q – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Q" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Q" title="Q – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Q" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Q" title="Q – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Q" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Q" title="Q – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Q" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/Q" title="Q – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Q" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eml mw-list-item"><a href="https://eml.wikipedia.org/wiki/Q" title="Q – Emiliano-Romagnolo" lang="egl" hreflang="egl" data-title="Q" data-language-autonym="Emiliàn e rumagnòl" data-language-local-name="Emiliano-Romagnolo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Emiliàn e rumagnòl</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Q" title="Q – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Q" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Q" title="Q – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Q" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Q" title="Q – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Q" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Q" title="Q – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="Q" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fo mw-list-item"><a href="https://fo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Q" title="Q – Faroese" lang="fo" hreflang="fo" data-title="Q" data-language-autonym="Føroyskt" data-language-local-name="Faroese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Føroyskt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Q_(lettre)" title="Q (lettre) – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Q (lettre)" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Q" title="Q – Western Frisian" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Q" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="Western Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fur mw-list-item"><a href="https://fur.wikipedia.org/wiki/Q" title="Q – Friulian" lang="fur" hreflang="fur" data-title="Q" data-language-autonym="Furlan" data-language-local-name="Friulian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Furlan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Q" title="Q – Irish" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Q" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Irish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gv mw-list-item"><a href="https://gv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Q" title="Q – Manx" lang="gv" hreflang="gv" data-title="Q" data-language-autonym="Gaelg" data-language-local-name="Manx" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaelg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Q" title="Q – Scottish Gaelic" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="Q" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="Scottish Gaelic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gàidhlig</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Q" title="Q – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Q" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gan mw-list-item"><a href="https://gan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Q" title="Q – Gan" lang="gan" hreflang="gan" data-title="Q" data-language-autonym="贛語" data-language-local-name="Gan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>贛語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hak mw-list-item"><a href="https://hak.wikipedia.org/wiki/Q" title="Q – Hakka Chinese" lang="hak" hreflang="hak" data-title="Q" data-language-autonym="客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî" data-language-local-name="Hakka Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xal mw-list-item"><a href="https://xal.wikipedia.org/wiki/Q_%D2%AF%D0%B7%D0%B3" title="Q үзг – Kalmyk" lang="xal" hreflang="xal" data-title="Q үзг" data-language-autonym="Хальмг" data-language-local-name="Kalmyk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Хальмг</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/Q" title="Q – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="Q" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ha mw-list-item"><a href="https://ha.wikipedia.org/wiki/Q" title="Q – Hausa" lang="ha" hreflang="ha" data-title="Q" data-language-autonym="Hausa" data-language-local-name="Hausa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hausa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Q_(%D5%AC%D5%A1%D5%BF%D5%AB%D5%B6%D5%A1%D5%AF%D5%A1%D5%B6)" title="Q (լատինական) – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Q (լատինական)" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hsb mw-list-item"><a href="https://hsb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Q" title="Q – Upper Sorbian" lang="hsb" hreflang="hsb" data-title="Q" data-language-autonym="Hornjoserbsce" data-language-local-name="Upper Sorbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hornjoserbsce</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Q" title="Q – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Q" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gor mw-list-item"><a href="https://gor.wikipedia.org/wiki/Q" title="Q – Gorontalo" lang="gor" hreflang="gor" data-title="Q" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Hulontalo" data-language-local-name="Gorontalo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Hulontalo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Q" title="Q – Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Q" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ig mw-list-item"><a href="https://ig.wikipedia.org/wiki/Q" title="Q – Igbo" lang="ig" hreflang="ig" data-title="Q" data-language-autonym="Igbo" data-language-local-name="Igbo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Igbo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ilo mw-list-item"><a href="https://ilo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Q" title="Q – Iloko" lang="ilo" hreflang="ilo" data-title="Q" data-language-autonym="Ilokano" data-language-local-name="Iloko" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ilokano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Q" title="Q – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Q" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Q" title="Q – Icelandic" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Q" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Icelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Q" title="Q – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Q" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/Q" title="Q – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="Q" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/Q" title="Q – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="Q" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-csb mw-list-item"><a href="https://csb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Q" title="Q – Kashubian" lang="csb" hreflang="csb" data-title="Q" data-language-autonym="Kaszëbsczi" data-language-local-name="Kashubian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kaszëbsczi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kw mw-list-item"><a href="https://kw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Q" title="Q – Cornish" lang="kw" hreflang="kw" data-title="Q" data-language-autonym="Kernowek" data-language-local-name="Cornish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kernowek</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Q" title="Q – Swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Q" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="Swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kv mw-list-item"><a href="https://kv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Q" title="Q – Komi" lang="kv" hreflang="kv" data-title="Q" data-language-autonym="Коми" data-language-local-name="Komi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Коми</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/Q" title="Q – Haitian Creole" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="Q" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="Haitian Creole" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kreyòl ayisyen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Q_(t%C3%AEp)" title="Q (tîp) – Kurdish" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Q (tîp)" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Q" title="Q – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Q" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Q" title="Q – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Q" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Q" title="Q – Luxembourgish" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Q" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="Luxembourgish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Q" title="Q – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Q" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Q" title="Q – Lombard" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Q" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="Lombard" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Q" title="Q – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Q" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Q" title="Q – Macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Q" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Q" title="Q – Malagasy" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Q" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="Malagasy" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%AF%E0%B5%81_(%E0%B4%87%E0%B4%82%E0%B4%97%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B2%E0%B5%80%E0%B4%B7%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B7%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%82)" title="ക്യു (ഇംഗ്ലീഷക്ഷരം) – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="ക്യു (ഇംഗ്ലീഷക്ഷരം)" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Q" title="Q – Marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="Q" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="Marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/Q" title="Q – Mingrelian" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="Q" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="Mingrelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mzn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mzn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Q" title="Q – Mazanderani" lang="mzn" hreflang="mzn" data-title="Q" data-language-autonym="مازِرونی" data-language-local-name="Mazanderani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مازِرونی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Q" title="Q – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Q" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-min mw-list-item"><a href="https://min.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kumbang_tanduak_panjang" title="Kumbang tanduak panjang – Minangkabau" lang="min" hreflang="min" data-title="Kumbang tanduak panjang" data-language-autonym="Minangkabau" data-language-local-name="Minangkabau" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Minangkabau</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cdo mw-list-item"><a href="https://cdo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Q" title="Q – Mindong" lang="cdo" hreflang="cdo" data-title="Q" data-language-autonym="閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄" data-language-local-name="Mindong" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%80%E1%80%9A%E1%80%B0_(%E1%80%A1%E1%80%80%E1%80%B9%E1%80%81%E1%80%9B%E1%80%AC)" title="ကယူ (အက္ခရာ) – Burmese" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="ကယူ (အက္ခရာ)" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="Burmese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nah mw-list-item"><a href="https://nah.wikipedia.org/wiki/Q" title="Q – Nahuatl" lang="nah" hreflang="nah" data-title="Q" data-language-autonym="Nāhuatl" data-language-local-name="Nahuatl" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nāhuatl</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fj mw-list-item"><a href="https://fj.wikipedia.org/wiki/Q" title="Q – Fijian" lang="fj" hreflang="fj" data-title="Q" data-language-autonym="Na Vosa Vakaviti" data-language-local-name="Fijian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Na Vosa Vakaviti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Q_(letter)" title="Q (letter) – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Q (letter)" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/Q" title="Q – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="Q" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Q_(buksteew)" title="Q (buksteew) – Northern Frisian" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Q (buksteew)" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="Northern Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Q" title="Q – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Q" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Q" title="Q – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Q" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nrm mw-list-item"><a href="https://nrm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Q" title="Q – Norman" lang="nrf" hreflang="nrf" data-title="Q" data-language-autonym="Nouormand" data-language-local-name="Norman" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nouormand</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc badge-Q70893996 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Q" title="Q – Occitan" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Q" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Occitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mhr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mhr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Q_(%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BD_%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%88%D1%82%D0%B5)" title="Q (латин тиште) – Eastern Mari" lang="mhr" hreflang="mhr" data-title="Q (латин тиште)" data-language-autonym="Олык марий" data-language-local-name="Eastern Mari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Олык марий</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Q_(lotin)" title="Q (lotin) – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Q (lotin)" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%95%E0%A8%BF%E0%A8%8A_(%E0%A8%85%E0%A9%B0%E0%A8%97%E0%A8%B0%E0%A9%87%E0%A8%9C%E0%A8%BC%E0%A9%80_%E0%A8%85%E0%A9%B1%E0%A8%96%E0%A8%B0)" title="ਕਿਊ (ਅੰਗਰੇਜ਼ੀ ਅੱਖਰ) – Punjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਕਿਊ (ਅੰਗਰੇਜ਼ੀ ਅੱਖਰ)" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Q" title="Q – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Q" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Q" title="Q – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Q" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-crh mw-list-item"><a href="https://crh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Q" title="Q – Crimean Tatar" lang="crh" hreflang="crh" data-title="Q" data-language-autonym="Qırımtatarca" data-language-local-name="Crimean Tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Qırımtatarca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Q" title="Q – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Q" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Q" title="Q – Quechua" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Q" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="Quechua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/Q" title="Q – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Q" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Q" title="Q – Scots" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Q" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="Scots" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-stq mw-list-item"><a href="https://stq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Q" title="Q – Saterland Frisian" lang="stq" hreflang="stq" data-title="Q" data-language-autonym="Seeltersk" data-language-local-name="Saterland Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Seeltersk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tn mw-list-item"><a href="https://tn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Q" title="Q – Tswana" lang="tn" hreflang="tn" data-title="Q" data-language-autonym="Setswana" data-language-local-name="Tswana" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Setswana</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Q" title="Q – Sicilian" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Q" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="Sicilian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Q" title="Q – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Q" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Q" title="Q – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Q" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Q" title="Q – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Q" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Q" title="Q – Central Kurdish" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="Q" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="Central Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-srn mw-list-item"><a href="https://srn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Q" title="Q – Sranan Tongo" lang="srn" hreflang="srn" data-title="Q" data-language-autonym="Sranantongo" data-language-local-name="Sranan Tongo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sranantongo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Q_(%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%BE_%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B5)" title="Q (слово латинице) – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Q (слово латинице)" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/Q" title="Q – Sundanese" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="Q" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="Sundanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sunda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi badge-Q17559452 badge-recommendedarticle mw-list-item" title="recommended article"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Q" title="Q – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Q" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Q" title="Q – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Q" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Q" title="Q – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Q" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-shi mw-list-item"><a href="https://shi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Q_(Askkil)" title="Q (Askkil) – Tachelhit" lang="shi" hreflang="shi" data-title="Q (Askkil)" data-language-autonym="Taclḥit" data-language-local-name="Tachelhit" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Taclḥit</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Q" title="Q – Tatar" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Q" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="Tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/Q" title="Q – Telugu" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="Q" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="Telugu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/Q" title="Q – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="Q" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Q" title="Q – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Q" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tk mw-list-item"><a href="https://tk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Q" title="Q – Turkmen" lang="tk" hreflang="tk" data-title="Q" data-language-autonym="Türkmençe" data-language-local-name="Turkmen" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkmençe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Q_(%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%86%D1%8F)" title="Q (латиниця) – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Q (латиниця)" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/Q" title="Q – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="Q" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vec mw-list-item"><a href="https://vec.wikipedia.org/wiki/Q" title="Q – Venetian" lang="vec" hreflang="vec" data-title="Q" data-language-autonym="Vèneto" data-language-local-name="Venetian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vèneto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Q" title="Q – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Q" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vo mw-list-item"><a href="https://vo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Q" title="Q – Volapük" lang="vo" hreflang="vo" data-title="Q" data-language-autonym="Volapük" data-language-local-name="Volapük" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Volapük</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wa mw-list-item"><a href="https://wa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lete_Q" title="Lete Q – Walloon" lang="wa" hreflang="wa" data-title="Lete Q" data-language-autonym="Walon" data-language-local-name="Walloon" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Walon</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Q" title="Q – Waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Q" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="Waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Q" title="Q – Wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="Q" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Q" title="Q – Yiddish" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="Q" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="Yiddish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ייִדיש</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yo mw-list-item"><a href="https://yo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Q" title="Q – Yoruba" lang="yo" hreflang="yo" data-title="Q" data-language-autonym="Yorùbá" data-language-local-name="Yoruba" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Yorùbá</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/Q" title="Q – Cantonese" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="Q" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Cantonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-diq mw-list-item"><a href="https://diq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Q" title="Q – Dimli" lang="diq" hreflang="diq" data-title="Q" data-language-autonym="Zazaki" data-language-local-name="Dimli" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zazaki</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bat-smg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bat-smg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Q" title="Q – Samogitian" lang="sgs" hreflang="sgs" data-title="Q" data-language-autonym="Žemaitėška" data-language-local-name="Samogitian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Žemaitėška</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Q" title="Q – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="Q" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bew mw-list-item"><a href="https://bew.wikipedia.org/wiki/Q" title="Q – Betawi" lang="bew" hreflang="bew" data-title="Q" data-language-autonym="Betawi" data-language-local-name="Betawi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Betawi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kge mw-list-item"><a href="https://kge.wikipedia.org/wiki/Q" title="Q – Komering" lang="kge" hreflang="kge" data-title="Q" data-language-autonym="Kumoring" data-language-local-name="Komering" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kumoring</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tdd mw-list-item"><a href="https://tdd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Q" title="Q – Tai Nuea" lang="tdd" hreflang="tdd" data-title="Q" data-language-autonym="ᥖᥭᥰ ᥖᥬᥲ ᥑᥨᥒᥰ" data-language-local-name="Tai Nuea" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ᥖᥭᥰ ᥖᥬᥲ ᥑᥨᥒᥰ</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q9950#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div 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data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> <div id="mw-indicator-pp-default" class="mw-indicator"><div class="mw-parser-output"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Protection_policy#semi" title="This article is semi-protected until September 6, 2025 at 22:16 UTC."><img alt="Page semi-protected" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/1b/Semi-protection-shackle.svg/20px-Semi-protection-shackle.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/1b/Semi-protection-shackle.svg/40px-Semi-protection-shackle.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></a></span></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">17th letter of the Latin alphabet</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">This article is about the letter. For other uses, see <a href="/wiki/Q_(disambiguation)" class="mw-disambig" title="Q (disambiguation)">Q (disambiguation)</a> and <a href="/wiki/Queue_(disambiguation)" class="mw-redirect mw-disambig" title="Queue (disambiguation)">Queue (disambiguation)</a>.</div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable plainlinks selfreference noprint selfref">For <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Naming_conventions_(technical_restrictions)" title="Wikipedia:Naming conventions (technical restrictions)">technical reasons</a>, "Q#" redirects here. For the programming language, see <a href="/wiki/Q_Sharp" title="Q Sharp">Q Sharp</a>.</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="background:lightblue; color:black;;">Q</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader"><span style="font-size: 4em; line-height: 1.2em; vertical-align: super; font-weight: normal;">Q q</span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size skin-invert-image" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Latin_letter_Q.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/Latin_letter_Q.svg/220px-Latin_letter_Q.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/Latin_letter_Q.svg/330px-Latin_letter_Q.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/Latin_letter_Q.svg/440px-Latin_letter_Q.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="450" data-file-height="300" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background:lightblue; color:black; font-variant/style: ;">Usage</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Writing system</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Latin_script" title="Latin script">Latin script</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Type</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Alphabet" title="Alphabet">Alphabetic</a> and <a href="/wiki/Logographic" class="mw-redirect" title="Logographic">logographic</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Language of origin</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Greek_language" title="Greek language">Greek language</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Latin_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Latin language">Latin language</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Sound values</th><td class="infobox-data">(<a class="mw-selflink-fragment" href="#Use_in_writing_systems">Table</a>)<br /><span class="rt-commentedText nowrap"><span class="IPA nopopups noexcerpt" lang="en-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/English" title="Help:IPA/English">/<span style="border-bottom:1px dotted"><span title="/ˈ/: primary stress follows">ˈ</span><span title="'k' in 'kind'">k</span><span title="/juː/: 'u' in 'cute'">juː</span></span>/</a></span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">In <a href="/wiki/Unicode" title="Unicode">Unicode</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><code>U+0051, U+0071</code></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Alphabetical position</th><td class="infobox-data">17</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background:lightblue; color:black; font-variant/style: ;">History</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Development</th><td class="infobox-data"><div style="font-size: 1.25em;"><table class="mw-hiero-table mw-hiero-outer" dir="ltr"><tbody><tr><td> <table class="mw-hiero-table"><tbody><tr> <td><img class="skin-invert" style="margin: 1px;" src="/w/extensions/wikihiero/img/hiero_O34.png?63e15" height="6" title="O34" alt="O34" /></td></tr></tbody></table> </td></tr></tbody></table><table class="mw-hiero-table mw-hiero-outer" dir="ltr"><tbody><tr><td> <table class="mw-hiero-table"><tbody><tr> <td><img class="skin-invert" style="margin: 1px;" src="/w/extensions/wikihiero/img/hiero_V24.png?8a1d7" height="38" title="V24" alt="V24" /></td></tr></tbody></table> </td></tr></tbody></table><ul style="margin-left:0.45em;"><li><span class="skin-invert-image" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Proto-semiticQ-01.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Proto-Sinaitic Qup"><img alt="Proto-Sinaitic Qup" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/91/Proto-semiticQ-01.svg/20px-Proto-semiticQ-01.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/91/Proto-semiticQ-01.svg/40px-Proto-semiticQ-01.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="200" data-file-height="200" /></a></span><ul style="margin-left:0.45em;"><li><span class="skin-invert-image" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Protoquf.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/Protoquf.svg/20px-Protoquf.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/Protoquf.svg/30px-Protoquf.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/Protoquf.svg/40px-Protoquf.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="429" data-file-height="353" /></a></span><ul style="margin-left:0.45em;"><li><span class="skin-invert-image" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Phoenician_qoph.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Phoenician Qoph"><img alt="Phoenician Qoph" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Phoenician_qoph.svg/20px-Phoenician_qoph.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Phoenician_qoph.svg/30px-Phoenician_qoph.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Phoenician_qoph.svg/40px-Phoenician_qoph.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="85" data-file-height="85" /></a></span><ul style="margin-left:0.45em;"><li><a href="/wiki/%F0%90%8C%92" class="mw-redirect" title="𐌒">𐌒</a><ul style="margin-left:0.45em;"><li><b>Q q</b></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Time period</th><td class="infobox-data">Unknown to present</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Descendants</th><td class="infobox-data"> • <a href="/wiki/%C6%A2" class="mw-redirect" title="Ƣ">Ƣ</a><br /> • <a href="/wiki/%C9%8A" class="mw-redirect" title="Ɋ">Ɋ</a><br /> • <a href="/wiki/%E2%84%BA" class="mw-redirect" title="℺">℺</a><br /> • <a href="/wiki/%D4%9A" class="mw-redirect" title="Ԛ">Ԛ</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Sisters</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Phi" title="Phi">Φ</a><br /><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4" class="mw-redirect" title="Ф">Ф</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Qoph" title="Qoph">ק<br />ق<br />ܩ</a><br /><a href="/wiki/%E0%A0%92" class="mw-redirect" title="ࠒ">ࠒ</a><br /><a href="/wiki/%F0%90%8E%96" class="mw-redirect" title="𐎖">𐎖</a><br /><a href="/wiki/%E1%89%80" class="mw-redirect" title="ቀ">ቀ</a><br /><a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/%D5%93" class="extiw" title="wikt:Փ">Փ</a> <a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/%D6%83" class="extiw" title="wikt:փ">փ</a><br /><a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/%D5%96" class="extiw" title="wikt:Ֆ">Ֆ</a> <a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/%D6%86" class="extiw" title="wikt:ֆ">ֆ</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background:lightblue; color:black; font-variant/style: ;">Other</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Associated graphs</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Latin-script_digraphs#Q" title="List of Latin-script digraphs">q(x)</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Writing direction</th><td class="infobox-data">Left-to-right</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-below noprint selfref" style="background:#ddf; padding:0.3em 0.5em;text-align:left;line-height:1.3;">This article contains <b><a href="/wiki/Phonetic_transcription" title="Phonetic transcription">phonetic transcriptions</a> in the <a href="/wiki/International_Phonetic_Alphabet" title="International Phonetic Alphabet">International Phonetic Alphabet</a> (IPA)</b>. For an introductory guide on IPA symbols, see <a href="/wiki/Help:IPA" title="Help:IPA">Help:IPA</a>. For the distinction between <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[ ]</span>, <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">/ /</span> and ⟨<span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)"> </span>⟩, see <a href="/wiki/International_Phonetic_Alphabet#Brackets_and_transcription_delimiters" title="International Phonetic Alphabet">IPA § Brackets and transcription delimiters</a>.</td></tr></tbody></table> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline 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.mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sidebar{display:none!important}}</style><table class="sidebar nomobile nowraplinks" style="width:14em"><tbody><tr><td class="sidebar-top-image" style="padding-top: 1em; padding-bottom: 1em;"><span class="mw-default-size skin-invert-image" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Latin_alphabet_Qq.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Q"><img alt="Q" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Latin_alphabet_Qq.svg/134px-Latin_alphabet_Qq.svg.png" decoding="async" width="134" height="47" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Latin_alphabet_Qq.svg/201px-Latin_alphabet_Qq.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Latin_alphabet_Qq.svg/268px-Latin_alphabet_Qq.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="134" data-file-height="47" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th class="sidebar-title"><a href="/wiki/ISO_basic_Latin_alphabet" title="ISO basic Latin alphabet">ISO basic<br />Latin alphabet</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content" style="letter-spacing: 0.1em"> <span style="width: 3em; text-align: center; display: inline-block"><a href="/wiki/A" title="A">Aa</a></span><span style="width: 3em; text-align: center; display: inline-block"><a href="/wiki/B" title="B">Bb</a></span><span style="width: 3em; text-align: center; display: inline-block"><a href="/wiki/C" title="C">Cc</a></span><span style="width: 3em; text-align: center; display: inline-block"><a href="/wiki/D" title="D">Dd</a></span><span style="width: 3em; text-align: center; display: inline-block"><a href="/wiki/E" title="E">Ee</a></span><span style="width: 3em; text-align: center; display: inline-block"><a href="/wiki/F" title="F">Ff</a></span><span style="width: 3em; text-align: center; display: inline-block"><a href="/wiki/G" title="G">Gg</a></span><span style="width: 3em; text-align: center; display: inline-block"><a href="/wiki/H" title="H">Hh</a></span><span style="width: 3em; text-align: center; display: inline-block"><a href="/wiki/I" title="I">Ii</a></span><span style="width: 3em; text-align: center; display: inline-block"><a href="/wiki/J" title="J">Jj</a></span><span style="width: 3em; text-align: center; display: inline-block"><a href="/wiki/K" title="K">Kk</a></span><span style="width: 3em; text-align: center; display: inline-block"><a href="/wiki/L" title="L">Ll</a></span><span style="width: 3em; text-align: center; display: inline-block"><a href="/wiki/M" title="M">Mm</a></span><span style="width: 3em; text-align: center; display: inline-block"><a href="/wiki/N" title="N">Nn</a></span><span style="width: 3em; text-align: center; display: inline-block"><a href="/wiki/O" title="O">Oo</a></span><span style="width: 3em; text-align: center; display: inline-block"><a href="/wiki/P" title="P">Pp</a></span><span style="width: 3em; text-align: center; display: inline-block"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Qq</a></span><span style="width: 3em; text-align: center; display: inline-block"><a href="/wiki/R" title="R">Rr</a></span><span style="width: 3em; text-align: center; display: inline-block"><a href="/wiki/S" title="S">Ss</a></span><span style="width: 3em; text-align: center; display: inline-block"><a href="/wiki/T" title="T">Tt</a></span><span style="width: 3em; text-align: center; display: inline-block"><a href="/wiki/U" title="U">Uu</a></span><span style="width: 3em; text-align: center; display: inline-block"><a href="/wiki/V" title="V">Vv</a></span><span style="width: 3em; text-align: center; display: inline-block"><a href="/wiki/W" title="W">Ww</a></span><span style="width: 3em; text-align: center; display: inline-block"><a href="/wiki/X" title="X">Xx</a></span><span style="width: 3em; text-align: center; display: inline-block"><a href="/wiki/Y" title="Y">Yy</a></span><span style="width: 3em; text-align: center; display: inline-block"><a href="/wiki/Z" title="Z">Zz</a></span></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-navbar"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Latin_alphabet_sidebar" title="Template:Latin alphabet sidebar"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Latin_alphabet_sidebar" title="Template talk:Latin alphabet sidebar"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Latin_alphabet_sidebar" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Latin alphabet sidebar"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Q</b>, or <b>q</b>, is the seventeenth <a href="/wiki/Letter_(alphabet)" title="Letter (alphabet)">letter</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Latin_alphabet" title="Latin alphabet">Latin alphabet</a>, used in the <a href="/wiki/English_alphabet" title="English alphabet">modern English alphabet</a>, the alphabets of other western European languages and others worldwide. Its name in English is pronounced <span class="rt-commentedText nowrap"><span class="IPA nopopups noexcerpt" lang="en-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/English" title="Help:IPA/English">/<span style="border-bottom:1px dotted"><span title="/ˈ/: primary stress follows">ˈ</span><span title="'k' in 'kind'">k</span><span title="/j/: 'y' in 'yes'">j</span><span title="/uː/: 'oo' in 'goose'">uː</span></span>/</a></span> <span class="ext-phonos"><span data-nosnippet="" id="ooui-php-1" class="noexcerpt ext-phonos-PhonosButton ext-phonos-PhonosButton-emptylabel oo-ui-widget oo-ui-widget-enabled oo-ui-buttonElement oo-ui-buttonElement-frameless oo-ui-iconElement oo-ui-buttonWidget" data-ooui="{"_":"mw.Phonos.PhonosButton","href":"\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/transcoded\/3\/3f\/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Flame%2C_not_lame-Q.wav\/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Flame%2C_not_lame-Q.wav.mp3","rel":["nofollow"],"framed":false,"icon":"volumeUp","data":{"ipa":"","text":"","lang":"en","wikibase":"","file":"LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-Q.wav"},"classes":["noexcerpt","ext-phonos-PhonosButton","ext-phonos-PhonosButton-emptylabel"]}"><a role="button" tabindex="0" href="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/3/3f/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Flame%2C_not_lame-Q.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Flame%2C_not_lame-Q.wav.mp3" rel="nofollow" aria-label="Play audio" title="Play audio" class="oo-ui-buttonElement-button"><span class="oo-ui-iconElement-icon oo-ui-icon-volumeUp"></span><span class="oo-ui-labelElement-label"></span><span class="oo-ui-indicatorElement-indicator oo-ui-indicatorElement-noIndicator"></span></a></span><sup class="ext-phonos-attribution noexcerpt navigation-not-searchable"><a href="/wiki/File:LL-Q1860_(eng)-Flame,_not_lame-Q.wav" title="File:LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-Q.wav">ⓘ</a></sup></span></span>, most commonly spelled <a href="/wiki/English_alphabet#Letter_names" title="English alphabet"><i>cue</i></a>, but also <i>kew</i>, <i>kue</i>, and <i>que</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2></div> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th>Egyptian hieroglyph<br />wḏ </th> <th>Phoenician<br /><a href="/wiki/Qoph" title="Qoph">Qoph</a> </th> <th>Western Greek<br /><a href="/wiki/Koppa_(letter)" title="Koppa (letter)">Koppa</a> </th> <th>Etruscan<br />Q </th> <th>Latin<br />Q </th></tr> <tr align="center"> <td><table class="mw-hiero-table mw-hiero-outer" dir="ltr"><tbody><tr><td> <table class="mw-hiero-table"><tbody><tr> <td><img class="skin-invert" style="margin: 1px;" src="/w/extensions/wikihiero/img/hiero_V24.png?8a1d7" height="38" title="V24" alt="V24" /></td></tr></tbody></table> </td></tr></tbody></table> </td> <td><span class="mw-default-size skin-invert-image" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:PhoenicianQ-01.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/PhoenicianQ-01.svg/30px-PhoenicianQ-01.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="30" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/PhoenicianQ-01.svg/45px-PhoenicianQ-01.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/PhoenicianQ-01.svg/60px-PhoenicianQ-01.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="400" data-file-height="400" /></a></span> </td> <td><span class="mw-default-size skin-invert-image" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Greek_Koppa_normal.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Greek_Koppa_normal.svg/40px-Greek_Koppa_normal.svg.png" decoding="async" width="24" height="30" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Greek_Koppa_normal.svg/49px-Greek_Koppa_normal.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="43" data-file-height="53" /></a></span> </td> <td><span class="mw-default-size skin-invert-image" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:EtruscanQ-01.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/EtruscanQ-01.svg/22px-EtruscanQ-01.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="30" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/EtruscanQ-01.svg/32px-EtruscanQ-01.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/EtruscanQ-01.svg/43px-EtruscanQ-01.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="130" data-file-height="180" /></a></span> </td> <td><span class="mw-default-size skin-invert-image" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Capitalis_monumentalis_Q.SVG" class="mw-file-description" title="Latin Q"><img alt="Latin Q" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/Capitalis_monumentalis_Q.SVG/60px-Capitalis_monumentalis_Q.SVG.png" decoding="async" width="45" height="30" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/Capitalis_monumentalis_Q.SVG/68px-Capitalis_monumentalis_Q.SVG.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/Capitalis_monumentalis_Q.SVG/90px-Capitalis_monumentalis_Q.SVG.png 2x" data-file-width="105" data-file-height="70" /></a></span> </td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The <a href="/wiki/Semitic_languages" title="Semitic languages">Semitic</a> sound value of <a href="/wiki/Qoph" title="Qoph">Qôp</a> was <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">/q/</span> (<a href="/wiki/Voiceless_uvular_stop" class="mw-redirect" title="Voiceless uvular stop">voiceless uvular stop</a>), and the form of the letter could have been based on the eye of a needle, a knot, or even a monkey with its tail hanging down.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:4_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:4-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">/q/</span> is a sound common to Semitic languages, but not found in many European languages.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>a<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In common with other glyphs derived from the <a href="/wiki/Proto-Sinaitic_script" title="Proto-Sinaitic script">Proto-Sinaitic script</a>, the letter has been suggested to have its roots in <a href="/wiki/Egyptian_hieroglyphs" title="Egyptian hieroglyphs">Egyptian hieroglyphs</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In an early form of <a href="/wiki/Ancient_Greek" title="Ancient Greek">Ancient Greek</a>, <a href="/wiki/Koppa_(letter)" title="Koppa (letter)">qoppa</a> (Ϙ) probably came to represent several <a href="/wiki/Labialized_velar_consonant" title="Labialized velar consonant">labialized velar</a> <a href="/wiki/Stop_consonant" class="mw-redirect" title="Stop consonant">stops</a>, among them <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">/kʷ/</span> and <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">/kʷʰ/</span>.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As a result of later sound shifts, these sounds in Greek changed to <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">/p/</span> and <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">/pʰ/</span> respectively.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Therefore, qoppa was transformed into two letters: qoppa, which <a href="/wiki/Greek_numerals" title="Greek numerals">stood for</a> the number 90,<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and <a href="/wiki/Phi_(letter)" class="mw-redirect" title="Phi (letter)">phi</a> (Φ), which stood for the aspirated sound <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">/pʰ/</span> that came to be pronounced <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">/f/</span> in <a href="/wiki/Modern_Greek" title="Modern Greek">Modern Greek</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Etruscans" class="mw-redirect" title="Etruscans">Etruscans</a> used Q in conjunction with V to represent <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">/kʷ/</span>, and this usage was copied by the Romans with the rest of their alphabet.<sup id="cite_ref-:4_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:4-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In the earliest <a href="/wiki/Latin" title="Latin">Latin</a> inscriptions, the letters C, K and Q were all used to represent the two sounds <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">/k/</span> and <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">/ɡ/</span>, which were not differentiated in writing. Of these, Q was used before a rounded vowel (e.g. <span class="nowrap">⟨EQO⟩</span> 'ego'), K before <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">/a/</span> (e.g. <span class="nowrap">⟨KALENDIS⟩</span> 'calendis'), and C elsewhere.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Later, the use of C (and its variant G) replaced most usages of K and Q: Q survived only to represent <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">/k/</span> when immediately followed by a <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">/w/</span> sound.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In Turkey between 1928 and 2013 the use of the letter Q, alongside <a href="/wiki/X" title="X">X</a> and <a href="/wiki/W" title="W">W</a>, was banned from official government documents, such as street signs and brochures. The letter forms part of the <a href="/wiki/Kurdish_alphabets" title="Kurdish alphabets">Kurdish alphabet</a> but is not present in <a href="/wiki/Turkish_language" title="Turkish language">Turkish</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:5_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:5-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Typographic_variants">Typographic variants</h3></div> <figure class="mw-default-size skin-invert-image" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Q_typographic_styles.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5e/Q_typographic_styles.svg/220px-Q_typographic_styles.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="84" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5e/Q_typographic_styles.svg/330px-Q_typographic_styles.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5e/Q_typographic_styles.svg/440px-Q_typographic_styles.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="195" /></a><figcaption>The five most common typographic presentations of the capital letter Q</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Champfleury_letter_Q_illustration_Geoffroy_Tory_(1529).png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7b/Champfleury_letter_Q_illustration_Geoffroy_Tory_%281529%29.png/220px-Champfleury_letter_Q_illustration_Geoffroy_Tory_%281529%29.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="169" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7b/Champfleury_letter_Q_illustration_Geoffroy_Tory_%281529%29.png/330px-Champfleury_letter_Q_illustration_Geoffroy_Tory_%281529%29.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7b/Champfleury_letter_Q_illustration_Geoffroy_Tory_%281529%29.png/440px-Champfleury_letter_Q_illustration_Geoffroy_Tory_%281529%29.png 2x" data-file-width="1612" data-file-height="1238" /></a><figcaption>A long-tailed Q as drawn by French typographer <a href="/wiki/Geoffroy_Tory" title="Geoffroy Tory">Geoffroy Tory</a> in his 1529 book, <i>Champfleury</i></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Base_columna_trajana.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/Base_columna_trajana.jpg/220px-Base_columna_trajana.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="96" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/Base_columna_trajana.jpg/330px-Base_columna_trajana.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/Base_columna_trajana.jpg/440px-Base_columna_trajana.jpg 2x" data-file-width="573" data-file-height="250" /></a><figcaption>The printed long-tailed Q was inspired by ancient <a href="/wiki/Roman_square_capitals" title="Roman square capitals">Roman square capitals</a>: this long-tailed Q, used here in the Latin word "<a href="/wiki/SPQR" title="SPQR">POPVLVSQVE</a>", was carved into <a href="/wiki/Trajan%27s_column" class="mw-redirect" title="Trajan's column">Trajan's column</a> <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr> <a href="/wiki/AD" class="mw-redirect" title="AD">AD</a> 113.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size skin-invert-image" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Short_tailed_Q_vs_long_tailed_Q_text_example.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/Short_tailed_Q_vs_long_tailed_Q_text_example.svg/220px-Short_tailed_Q_vs_long_tailed_Q_text_example.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="54" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/Short_tailed_Q_vs_long_tailed_Q_text_example.svg/330px-Short_tailed_Q_vs_long_tailed_Q_text_example.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/Short_tailed_Q_vs_long_tailed_Q_text_example.svg/440px-Short_tailed_Q_vs_long_tailed_Q_text_example.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="197" data-file-height="48" /></a><figcaption>A short trilingual text showing the proper use of the long- and short-tailed Q. The short-tailed Q is only used when the word is shorter than the tail; the long-tailed Q is even used in all-capitals text.<sup id="cite_ref-:3_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:3-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 77">: 77 </span></sup></figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Uppercase_"Q""><span id="Uppercase_.22Q.22"></span>Uppercase "Q"</h4></div> <p>Depending on the <a href="/wiki/Typeface" title="Typeface">typeface</a> used to <a href="/wiki/Typesetting" title="Typesetting">typeset</a> the letter Q, the letter's <a href="/wiki/Descender" title="Descender">tail</a> may either <a href="/wiki/Bisection" title="Bisection">bisect</a> its <a href="/wiki/Typeface_anatomy#Strokes" title="Typeface anatomy">bowl</a> as in <a href="/wiki/Helvetica" title="Helvetica">Helvetica</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> meet the bowl as in <a href="/wiki/Univers" title="Univers">Univers</a>, or lie completely outside the bowl as in <a href="/wiki/PT_Sans" class="mw-redirect" title="PT Sans">PT Sans</a>. In writing <a href="/wiki/Block_letters" title="Block letters">block letters</a>, bisecting tails are the fastest to write, as they require less precision. All three styles are considered equally valid, with most serif typefaces having a Q with a tail that meets the circle, while sans-serif typefaces are more equally split between those with bisecting tails and those without.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Typefaces with a disconnected Q tail, while uncommon, have existed since at least 1529.<sup id="cite_ref-:2_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A common method among <a href="/wiki/Type_design" title="Type design">type designers</a> to create the shape of the Q is by simply adding a tail to the letter O.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_18-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:1_21-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Serif#Old-style" title="Serif">Old-style serif</a> fonts, such as <a href="/wiki/Garamond" title="Garamond">Garamond</a>, may contain two uppercase Qs: one with a short tail to be used in short words, and another with a long tail to be used in long words.<sup id="cite_ref-:2_19-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Some early <a href="/wiki/Font" title="Font">metal type fonts</a> included up to 3 different Qs: a short-tailed Q, a long-tailed Q, and a long-tailed Q-u <a href="/wiki/Typographic_ligature" class="mw-redirect" title="Typographic ligature">ligature</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:3_16-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:3-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This print tradition was alive and well until the 19th century, when long-tailed Qs fell out of favor; even recreations of classic typefaces such as <a href="/wiki/Caslon" title="Caslon">Caslon</a> began being distributed with only short Q tails.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:3_16-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:3-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> American <a href="/wiki/Typography" title="Typography">typographer</a> <a href="/wiki/D._B._Updike" class="mw-redirect" title="D. B. Updike">D. B. Updike</a>, who was known to disapprove of the long-tailed Q, celebrated their demise in his 1922 book <i>Printing Types</i>, claiming that Renaissance printers made their Q tails longer and longer simply to "outdo each other".<sup id="cite_ref-:3_16-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:3-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Latin-language" class="mw-redirect" title="Latin-language">Latin-language</a> words, which are much more likely than English words to contain "Q" as their first letter, have also been cited as the reason for their existence.<sup id="cite_ref-:3_16-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:3-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The long-tailed Q had fallen out of use with the advent of early <a href="/wiki/Digital_typography" class="mw-redirect" title="Digital typography">digital typography</a>, as many early digital fonts could not choose different glyphs based on the word that the glyph was in, but it has seen something of a comeback with the advent of <a href="/wiki/OpenType" title="OpenType">OpenType</a> fonts and <a href="/wiki/LaTeX" title="LaTeX">LaTeX</a>, both of which can automatically typeset the long-tailed Q when it is called for and the short-tailed Q when it is not.<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p> Owing to the allowable variation between letters, Q,<sup id="cite_ref-:0_18-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> like <a href="/wiki/Ampersand" title="Ampersand"><span class="nounderlines" style="border: 1px solid var(--border-color-muted,#ddd); color: var(--color-base,#202122); background-color: var( --background-color-neutral-subtle, #fdfdfd); padding: 1px 1px;">&</span></a>, is often cited as a letter that gives type designers a greater opportunity for <a href="/wiki/Self-expression_values" title="Self-expression values">self-expression</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:4_4-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:4-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Identifont" title="Identifont">Identifont</a> is an automatic typeface identification service that identifies typefaces by asking questions about their appearance and later asks about the Q tail if the "sans-serif" option is chosen.<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In the Identifont database, the distribution of Q tails is:<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p><div align="center"> <table class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center;width:300px"> <tbody><tr> <th>Q tail type </th> <th><a href="/wiki/Serif" title="Serif">Serif</a> </th> <th><a href="/wiki/Sans-serif" title="Sans-serif">Sans-serif</a> </th></tr> <tr> <td>Bisecting </td> <td>1461 </td> <td>2719 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Meets bowl </td> <td>3363 </td> <td>4521 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Outside bowl </td> <td>271 </td> <td>397 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Cursive" title="Cursive">"2" shape</a> (<span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle {\mathcal {Q}}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi class="MJX-tex-caligraphic" mathvariant="script">Q</mi> </mrow> </mrow> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle {\mathcal {Q}}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/64114d2e2b6847f9e57c33e8f4a5c6d08e40d482" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.505ex; width:1.899ex; height:2.343ex;" alt="{\displaystyle {\mathcal {Q}}}" /></span>) </td> <td>304 </td> <td>428 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Inside bowl </td> <td>129 </td> <td>220 </td></tr> <tr> <th>Total </th> <td>5528 </td> <td>8285 </td></tr></tbody></table> </div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1273380762/mw-parser-output/.tmulti">.mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner{display:flex;flex-direction:column}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow{display:flex;flex-direction:row;clear:left;flex-wrap:wrap;width:100%;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle{margin:1px;float:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .theader{clear:both;font-weight:bold;text-align:center;align-self:center;background-color:transparent;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbcaption{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-left{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-right{text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-center{text-align:center}@media all and (max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbinner{width:100%!important;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:none!important;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow{justify-content:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle{float:none!important;max-width:100%!important;box-sizing:border-box;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle .thumbcaption{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow>.thumbcaption{text-align:center}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner span:not(.skin-invert-image):not(.skin-invert):not(.bg-transparent) img{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner span:not(.skin-invert-image):not(.skin-invert):not(.bg-transparent) img{background-color:white}}</style><div class="thumb tmulti tnone center"><div class="thumbinner multiimageinner" style="width:304px;max-width:304px"><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:302px;max-width:302px"><div class="thumbimage"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Q_tails_(serif)_pie_chart.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Pie chart showing the proportion of different style Q tails in serif fonts to the total." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/Q_tails_%28serif%29_pie_chart.svg/300px-Q_tails_%28serif%29_pie_chart.svg.png" decoding="async" width="300" height="162" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/Q_tails_%28serif%29_pie_chart.svg/450px-Q_tails_%28serif%29_pie_chart.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/Q_tails_%28serif%29_pie_chart.svg/600px-Q_tails_%28serif%29_pie_chart.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="650" data-file-height="350" /></a></span></div></div></div><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:302px;max-width:302px"><div class="thumbimage"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Q_tails_(sans-serif)_pie_chart.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Pie chart showing the proportion of different style Q tails in sans-serif fonts to the total." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Q_tails_%28sans-serif%29_pie_chart.svg/330px-Q_tails_%28sans-serif%29_pie_chart.svg.png" decoding="async" width="300" height="162" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Q_tails_%28sans-serif%29_pie_chart.svg/500px-Q_tails_%28sans-serif%29_pie_chart.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Q_tails_%28sans-serif%29_pie_chart.svg/600px-Q_tails_%28sans-serif%29_pie_chart.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="650" data-file-height="350" /></a></span></div></div></div></div></div> <p>Some type designers prefer one "Q" design over another: <a href="/wiki/Adrian_Frutiger" title="Adrian Frutiger">Adrian Frutiger</a>, famous for the <a href="/wiki/Frutiger_(typeface)" title="Frutiger (typeface)">airport typeface</a> that bears his name, remarked that most of his typefaces feature a Q tail that meets the bowl and then extends horizontally.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_21-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Frutiger considered such Qs to make for more "harmonious" and "gentle" typefaces.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_21-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> "Q" often makes the list of their favorite letters; for example, Sophie Elinor Brown, designer of Strato,<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> has listed "Q" as being her favorite letter.<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Lowercase_"q""><span id="Lowercase_.22q.22"></span>Lowercase "q"</h4></div> <figure class="skin-invert-image" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Q_and_g_comparison.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/Q_and_g_comparison.svg/200px-Q_and_g_comparison.svg.png" decoding="async" width="200" height="289" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/Q_and_g_comparison.svg/300px-Q_and_g_comparison.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/Q_and_g_comparison.svg/399px-Q_and_g_comparison.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="56" data-file-height="81" /></a><figcaption>A comparison of the <a href="/wiki/Glyph" title="Glyph">glyphs</a> of <span class="nowrap">⟨q⟩</span> and <span class="nowrap">⟨g⟩</span></figcaption></figure> <p>The lowercase "q" is usually seen as a lowercase "o" or "c" with a descender (i.e., downward vertical tail) extending from the right side of the bowl, with or without a swash (i.e., flourish), or even a reversed lowercase <a href="/wiki/P" title="P">p</a>. The "q"'s descender is usually typed without a swash due to the major style difference typically seen between the descenders of the "g" (a loop) and "q" (vertical). When handwritten, or as part of a handwriting font, the descender of the "q" sometimes finishes with a rightward swash to distinguish it from the letter "g" (or, particularly in mathematics, from the digit "9"). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Use_in_writing_systems">Use in writing systems</h2></div> <table class="wikitable mw-collapsible"> <caption>Pronunciation of <span class="nowrap">⟨q⟩</span> or <span class="nowrap">⟨qu⟩</span> by language </caption> <tbody><tr> <th>Orthography </th> <th>Spelling </th> <th>Phonemes </th></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Afar_language" title="Afar language">Afar</a> </th> <th><span class="nowrap">⟨q⟩</span> </th> <td><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">/<a href="/wiki/Voiced_pharyngeal_fricative" title="Voiced pharyngeal fricative">ʕ</a>/</span> </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Albanian_orthography" class="mw-redirect" title="Albanian orthography">Albanian</a> </th> <th><span class="nowrap">⟨q⟩</span> </th> <td><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">/<a href="/wiki/Voiceless_palatal_affricate" title="Voiceless palatal affricate">cç</a>/</span> </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Azerbaijani_alphabet" title="Azerbaijani alphabet">Azeri</a> </th> <th><span class="nowrap">⟨q⟩</span> </th> <td><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">/<a href="/wiki/Voiced_velar_plosive" title="Voiced velar plosive">ɡ</a>/</span> </td></tr> <tr> <th><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Standard_Chinese" title="Standard Chinese">Standard Chinese</a></span> (<a href="/wiki/Pinyin" title="Pinyin">Pinyin</a>) </th> <th><span class="nowrap">⟨q⟩</span> </th> <td><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">/<a href="/wiki/Aspirated_consonant" title="Aspirated consonant">t͡ɕʰ</a>/</span> </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/English_orthography" title="English orthography">English</a> </th> <th><span class="nowrap">⟨qu⟩</span> </th> <td>/<span class="IPA" lang="und-Latn-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Voiceless_velar_plosive" title="Voiceless velar plosive">k</a></span><span class="IPA" lang="und-Latn-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Voiced_labial%E2%80%93velar_approximant" title="Voiced labial–velar approximant">w</a></span>/ </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Fijian_language" title="Fijian language">Fijian</a> </th> <th><span class="nowrap">⟨q⟩</span> </th> <td><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">/<a href="/wiki/Prenasalized_consonant" title="Prenasalized consonant">ᵑɡ</a>/</span> </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/French_orthography" title="French orthography">French</a> </th> <th><span class="nowrap">⟨qu⟩</span> </th> <td>/<span class="IPA" lang="und-Latn-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Voiceless_velar_plosive" title="Voiceless velar plosive">k</a></span>/ </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Galician_alphabet" title="Galician alphabet">Galician</a> </th> <th><span class="nowrap">⟨qu⟩</span> </th> <td>/<span class="IPA" lang="und-Latn-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Voiceless_velar_plosive" title="Voiceless velar plosive">k</a></span>/ </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/German_orthography" title="German orthography">German</a> </th> <th><span class="nowrap">⟨qu⟩</span> </th> <td>/<span class="IPA" lang="und-Latn-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Voiceless_velar_plosive" title="Voiceless velar plosive">k</a></span><span class="IPA" lang="und-Latn-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Voiced_labiodental_fricative" title="Voiced labiodental fricative">v</a></span>/ </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Hadza_language" title="Hadza language">Hadza</a> </th> <th><span class="nowrap">⟨q⟩</span> </th> <td><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">/<a href="/wiki/Tenuis_alveolar_click" title="Tenuis alveolar click">!</a>/</span> </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Indonesian_orthography" title="Indonesian orthography">Indonesian</a> </th> <th><span class="nowrap">⟨q⟩</span> </th> <td>/<span class="IPA" lang="und-Latn-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Voiceless_uvular_plosive" title="Voiceless uvular plosive">q</a></span>/~/<span class="IPA" lang="und-Latn-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Voiceless_velar_plosive" title="Voiceless velar plosive">k</a></span>/ </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Italian_orthography" title="Italian orthography">Italian</a> </th> <th><span class="nowrap">⟨qu⟩</span> </th> <td>/<span class="IPA" lang="und-Latn-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Voiceless_velar_plosive" title="Voiceless velar plosive">k</a></span><span class="IPA" lang="und-Latn-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Voiced_labial%E2%80%93velar_approximant" title="Voiced labial–velar approximant">w</a></span>/ </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/K%CA%BCiche%CA%BC_language" title="Kʼicheʼ language">K'iche</a> </th> <th><span class="nowrap">⟨q⟩</span> </th> <td><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">/<a href="/wiki/Aspirated_consonant" title="Aspirated consonant">qʰ</a>/</span> </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Kiowa_language" title="Kiowa language">Kiowa</a> </th> <th><span class="nowrap">⟨q⟩</span> </th> <td><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">/<a href="/wiki/Velar_ejective_stop" title="Velar ejective stop">kʼ</a>/</span> </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Kurdish_orthography" class="mw-redirect" title="Kurdish orthography">Kurdish</a> </th> <th><span class="nowrap">⟨q⟩</span> </th> <td><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">/<a href="/wiki/Voiceless_uvular_plosive" title="Voiceless uvular plosive">q</a>/</span> </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Maltese_orthography" class="mw-redirect" title="Maltese orthography">Maltese</a> </th> <th><span class="nowrap">⟨q⟩</span> </th> <td><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">/<a href="/wiki/Glottal_stop" title="Glottal stop">ʔ</a>/</span> </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Menominee_language" title="Menominee language">Menominee</a> </th> <th><span class="nowrap">⟨q⟩</span> </th> <td><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">/<a href="/wiki/Glottal_stop" title="Glottal stop">ʔ</a>/</span> </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Mi%27kmaq_(language)" class="mw-redirect" title="Mi'kmaq (language)">Mi'kmaq</a> </th> <th><span class="nowrap">⟨q⟩</span> </th> <td><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">/<a href="/wiki/Voiceless_velar_fricative" title="Voiceless velar fricative">x</a>/</span> </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Mohegan-Pequot_language" title="Mohegan-Pequot language">Mohegan-Pequot</a> </th> <th><span class="nowrap">⟨q⟩</span> </th> <td><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">/<a href="/wiki/Labialization" title="Labialization">kʷ</a>/</span> </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Nuxalk_language" title="Nuxalk language">Nuxalk</a> </th> <th><span class="nowrap">⟨q⟩</span> </th> <td><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">/<a href="/wiki/Aspirated_consonant" title="Aspirated consonant">qʰ</a>/</span> </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Portuguese_orthography" title="Portuguese orthography">Portuguese</a> </th> <th><span class="nowrap">⟨qu⟩</span> </th> <td>/<span class="IPA" lang="und-Latn-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Voiceless_velar_plosive" title="Voiceless velar plosive">k</a></span><span class="IPA" lang="und-Latn-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Voiced_labial%E2%80%93velar_approximant" title="Voiced labial–velar approximant">w</a></span>/ or <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">/<a href="/wiki/Voiceless_velar_plosive" title="Voiceless velar plosive">k</a>/</span> </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Sasak_language" title="Sasak language">Sasak</a> </th> <th><span class="nowrap">⟨q⟩</span> </th> <td><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">/<a href="/wiki/Glottal_stop" title="Glottal stop">ʔ</a>/</span> </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Somali_orthography" class="mw-redirect" title="Somali orthography">Somali</a> </th> <th><span class="nowrap">⟨q⟩</span> </th> <td><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">/<a href="/wiki/Voiceless_uvular_plosive" title="Voiceless uvular plosive">q</a>/</span>~<span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">/<a href="/wiki/Voiced_uvular_plosive" title="Voiced uvular plosive">ɢ</a>/</span> </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Sotho_orthography" class="mw-redirect" title="Sotho orthography">Sotho</a> </th> <th><span class="nowrap">⟨q⟩</span> </th> <td><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">/<a href="/wiki/Ejective_consonant" title="Ejective consonant">!kʼ</a>/</span> </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Spanish_orthography" title="Spanish orthography">Spanish</a> </th> <th><span class="nowrap">⟨qu⟩</span> </th> <td>/<span class="IPA" lang="und-Latn-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Voiceless_velar_plosive" title="Voiceless velar plosive">k</a></span>/ </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Swedish_orthography" title="Swedish orthography">Swedish</a> </th> <th><span class="nowrap">⟨qv⟩</span> </th> <td>/<span class="IPA" lang="und-Latn-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Voiceless_velar_plosive" title="Voiceless velar plosive">k</a></span><span class="IPA" lang="und-Latn-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Voiced_labiodental_fricative" title="Voiced labiodental fricative">v</a></span>/ (pre-1900 spelling, still survives in proper names) </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Uzbek_alphabet" title="Uzbek alphabet">Uzbek</a> </th> <th><span class="nowrap">⟨q⟩</span> </th> <td><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">/<a href="/wiki/Voiceless_uvular_plosive" title="Voiceless uvular plosive">q</a>/</span> </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Vietnamese_orthography" class="mw-redirect" title="Vietnamese orthography">Vietnamese</a> </th> <th><span class="nowrap">⟨qu⟩</span> </th> <td>/<span class="IPA" lang="und-Latn-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Voiceless_velar_plosive" title="Voiceless velar plosive">k</a></span><span class="IPA" lang="und-Latn-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Voiced_labial%E2%80%93velar_approximant" title="Voiced labial–velar approximant">w</a></span>/ </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/V%C3%B5ro_alphabet" class="mw-redirect" title="Võro alphabet">Võro</a> </th> <th><span class="nowrap">⟨q⟩</span> </th> <td><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">/<a href="/wiki/Glottal_stop" title="Glottal stop">ʔ</a>/</span> </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Wolof_alphabet" class="mw-redirect" title="Wolof alphabet">Wolof</a> </th> <th><span class="nowrap">⟨q⟩</span> </th> <td><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">/<a href="/wiki/Voiceless_uvular_plosive" title="Voiceless uvular plosive">qː</a>/</span> </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Xhosa_alphabet" class="mw-redirect" title="Xhosa alphabet">Xhosa</a> </th> <th><span class="nowrap">⟨q⟩</span> </th> <td><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">/<a href="/wiki/Tenuis_alveolar_click" title="Tenuis alveolar click">!</a>/</span> </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Zulu_alphabet" class="mw-redirect" title="Zulu alphabet">Zulu</a> </th> <th><span class="nowrap">⟨q⟩</span> </th> <td><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">/<a href="/wiki/Tenuis_alveolar_click" title="Tenuis alveolar click">!</a>/</span> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="English">English</h3></div> <p>In <a href="/wiki/English_language" title="English language">English</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Digraph_(orthography)" title="Digraph (orthography)">digraph</a> <span class="nowrap">⟨qu⟩</span> most often denotes the cluster <span class="rt-commentedText nowrap"><span class="IPA nopopups noexcerpt" lang="en-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/English" title="Help:IPA/English">/<span style="border-bottom:1px dotted"><span title="'k' in 'kind'">k</span><span title="'w' in 'wind'">w</span></span>/</a></span></span>; however, in borrowings from French, it represents <span class="rt-commentedText nowrap"><span class="IPA nopopups noexcerpt" lang="en-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/English" title="Help:IPA/English">/<span style="border-bottom:1px dotted"><span title="'k' in 'kind'">k</span></span>/</a></span></span>, as in 'plaque'. See the <a href="/wiki/List_of_English_words_containing_Q_not_followed_by_U" title="List of English words containing Q not followed by U">list of English words containing Q not followed by U</a>. Q is the <a href="/wiki/Letter_frequency" title="Letter frequency">second least frequently used letter</a> in the English language (after <a href="/wiki/Z" title="Z">Z</a>), with a frequency of just 0.1% in words. Q has the fourth fewest English words where it is the first letter, after <a href="/wiki/X" title="X">X</a>, <a href="/wiki/Z" title="Z">Z</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Y" title="Y">Y</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Other_languages">Other languages</h3></div> <p>In most European languages written in the Latin script, such as <a href="/wiki/Romance_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Romance language">Romance</a> and <a href="/wiki/Germanic_languages" title="Germanic languages">Germanic languages</a>, <span class="nowrap">⟨q⟩</span> appears almost exclusively in the digraph <span class="nowrap">⟨qu⟩</span>. In <a href="/wiki/French_language" title="French language">French</a>, <a href="/wiki/Occitan_language" title="Occitan language">Occitan</a>, <a href="/wiki/Catalan_language" title="Catalan language">Catalan</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Portuguese_language" title="Portuguese language">Portuguese</a>, <span class="nowrap">⟨qu⟩</span> represents <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">/k/</span> or <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">/kw/</span>; in <a href="/wiki/Spanish_language" title="Spanish language">Spanish</a>, it represents <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">/k/</span>. <span class="nowrap">⟨qu⟩</span> replaces <span class="nowrap">⟨<a href="/wiki/C" title="C">c</a>⟩</span> for <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">/k/</span> before front vowels <span class="nowrap">⟨i⟩</span> and <span class="nowrap">⟨e⟩</span>, since in those languages <span class="nowrap">⟨c⟩</span> represents a fricative or affricate before front vowels. In <a href="/wiki/Italian_language" title="Italian language">Italian</a>, <span class="nowrap">⟨qu⟩</span> represents <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[kw]</span> (where <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[w]</span> is the <a href="/wiki/Semivowel" title="Semivowel">semivowel</a> allophone of <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">/u/</span>). In <a href="/wiki/Albanian_language" title="Albanian language">Albanian</a>, Q represents <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">/c/</span>, as in <b>Sh<i>q</i>ip</b>. </p><p>The letter is often not used often or at all in other languages, The letter is not officially part of the <a href="/wiki/Cornish_language" title="Cornish language">Cornish</a> (<a href="/wiki/Standard_Written_Form" title="Standard Written Form">Standard Written Form</a>), <a href="/wiki/Estonian_orthography" title="Estonian orthography">Estonian</a>, <a href="/wiki/Icelandic_alphabet" class="mw-redirect" title="Icelandic alphabet">Icelandic</a>, <a href="/wiki/Irish_alphabet" class="mw-redirect" title="Irish alphabet">Irish</a>, <a href="/wiki/Latvian_alphabet" class="mw-redirect" title="Latvian alphabet">Latvian</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lithuanian_orthography" title="Lithuanian orthography">Lithuanian</a>, <a href="/wiki/Polish_orthography" title="Polish orthography">Polish</a>, <a href="/wiki/Gaj%27s_Latin_alphabet" title="Gaj's Latin alphabet">Serbo-Croatian</a>, <a href="/wiki/Scottish_Gaelic_orthography" title="Scottish Gaelic orthography">Scottish Gaelic</a>, <a href="/wiki/Slovene_alphabet" title="Slovene alphabet">Slovenian</a>, <a href="/wiki/Turkish_alphabet" title="Turkish alphabet">Turkish</a>, or <a href="/wiki/Welsh_alphabet" class="mw-redirect" title="Welsh alphabet">Welsh</a> alphabets. However, In some of them, It may be found in borrowings. </p><p><span class="nowrap">⟨q⟩</span> has a wide variety of other pronunciations in some European languages and in non-European languages that have adopted the Latin alphabet. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Other_systems">Other systems</h3></div> <p>The <a href="/wiki/International_Phonetic_Alphabet" title="International Phonetic Alphabet">International Phonetic Alphabet</a> uses ⟨<span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">q</span>⟩ for the <a href="/wiki/Voiceless_uvular_stop" class="mw-redirect" title="Voiceless uvular stop">voiceless uvular stop</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Other_uses">Other uses</h2></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Q_(disambiguation)" class="mw-disambig" title="Q (disambiguation)">Q (disambiguation)</a></div> <ul><li>The capital letter Q is used as the currency symbol for the <a href="/wiki/Guatemalan_quetzal" title="Guatemalan quetzal">Guatemalan quetzal</a>.</li> <li>The <a href="/wiki/Roman_numeral" class="mw-redirect" title="Roman numeral">Roman numeral</a> Q is sometimes used to represent the number 500,000.<sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Related_characters">Related characters</h2></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Descendants_and_related_characters_in_the_Latin_alphabet">Descendants and related characters in the Latin alphabet</h3></div> <ul><li>Q with <a href="/wiki/Diacritic" title="Diacritic">diacritics</a>: <a href="/wiki/%CA%A0" class="mw-redirect" title="ʠ">ʠ</a> <a href="/wiki/%C9%8A" class="mw-redirect" title="Ɋ">Ɋ ɋ</a> <a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/q%CC%83" class="extiw" title="wikt:q̃">q̃</a></li> <li>Japanese linguistics: Small capital q (<a href="/wiki/%EA%9E%AF_(disambiguation)" class="mw-redirect mw-disambig" title="ꞯ (disambiguation)">ꞯ</a>)<sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and modifier letter capital q (ꟴ)<sup id="cite_ref-L220251_33-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-L220251-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>𐞥 Modifier letter small q is used as a <a href="/wiki/International_Phonetic_Alphabet#Superscript_IPA" title="International Phonetic Alphabet">superscript IPA letter</a><sup id="cite_ref-L220252_34-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-L220252-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Gha: <a href="/wiki/%C6%A2" class="mw-redirect" title="Ƣ">Ƣ ƣ</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Ancestors_and_siblings_in_other_alphabets">Ancestors and siblings in other alphabets</h3></div> <ul><li>𐤒: <a href="/wiki/Phoenician_alphabet" title="Phoenician alphabet">Semitic</a> letter <a href="/wiki/Qoph" title="Qoph">Qoph</a>, from which the following symbols originally derive: <ul><li>Ϙ ϙ: <a href="/wiki/Greek_alphabet" title="Greek alphabet">Greek</a> letter <a href="/wiki/Koppa_(letter)" title="Koppa (letter)">Koppa</a> <ul><li>𐌒: <a href="/wiki/Old_Italic_script" class="mw-redirect" title="Old Italic script">Old Italic</a> Q, which is the ancestor of modern Latin Q</li> <li>Ԛ ԛ: <a href="/wiki/Cyrillic" class="mw-redirect" title="Cyrillic">Cyrillic</a> letter <a href="/wiki/Qa_(Cyrillic)" title="Qa (Cyrillic)">Qa</a></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Derived_signs,_symbols_and_abbreviations"><span id="Derived_signs.2C_symbols_and_abbreviations"></span>Derived signs, symbols and abbreviations</h3></div> <ul><li>℺: rotated capital Q, a <a href="/wiki/Signature_mark" title="Signature mark">signature mark</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EA%9D%96" class="mw-redirect" title="Ꝗ">Ꝗ ꝗ</a>, Ꝙ ꝙ: Various forms of Q were used for medieval <a href="/wiki/Scribal_abbreviation" title="Scribal abbreviation">scribal abbreviations</a><sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Other_representations">Other representations</h2></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Computing">Computing <span class="anchor" id="Computing_codes"></span></h3></div> <table class="wikitable template-charmap" style="text-align:right"> <caption>Character information </caption> <tbody><tr style="text-align:center"> <th scope="row">Preview</th> <th colspan="2" style="font-size:150%">Q</th> <th colspan="2" style="font-size:150%">q</th> <th colspan="2" style="font-size:150%">Ｑ</th> <th colspan="2" style="font-size:150%">ｑ </th></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <th><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1273787049">.mw-parser-output table.template-charmap tr:first-child{height:50px}.mw-parser-output table.template-charmap tr:first-child th[colspan]{height:100%}.mw-parser-output table.template-charmap tr:first-child th[colspan]>div{height:100%;display:flex;justify-content:center}.mw-parser-output table.template-charmap tr:first-child th[colspan]>div>div{display:flex;flex-direction:column;padding:0 0.5em}.mw-parser-output table.template-charmap tr:first-child th[colspan]>div>div>span:nth-child(2){margin:auto;padding:10px 0;font-size:150%;font-family:monospace;line-height:1}.mw-parser-output table.template-charmap .smallcaps-cm{font-size:85%}.mw-parser-output table.template-charmap td:first-child{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output table.template-charmap .template-charmap-numchr td:nth-child(n/**/+2){font-size:90%;font-family:monospace;padding:2px}</style>Unicode name </th> <td colspan="2" class="smallcaps-cm">LATIN CAPITAL LETTER Q </td> <td colspan="2" class="smallcaps-cm">LATIN SMALL LETTER Q </td> <td colspan="2" class="smallcaps-cm">FULLWIDTH LATIN CAPITAL LETTER Q </td> <td colspan="2" class="smallcaps-cm">FULLWIDTH LATIN SMALL LETTER Q </td></tr> <tr> <th style="text-align:left;">Encodings</th> <th>decimal</th> <th>hex</th> <th>dec</th> <th>hex</th> <th>dec</th> <th>hex</th> <th>dec</th> <th>hex </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Unicode" title="Unicode">Unicode</a></td> <td>81</td> <td>U+0051</td> <td>113</td> <td>U+0071</td> <td>65329</td> <td>U+FF31</td> <td>65361</td> <td>U+FF51 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/UTF-8" title="UTF-8">UTF-8</a></td> <td>81</td> <td>51</td> <td>113</td> <td>71</td> <td>239 188 177</td> <td>EF BC B1</td> <td>239 189 145</td> <td>EF BD 91 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Numeric_character_reference" title="Numeric character reference">Numeric character reference</a></td> <td>&#81;<wbr /></td> <td>&#x51;<wbr /></td> <td>&#113;<wbr /></td> <td>&#x71;<wbr /></td> <td>&#65329;<wbr /></td> <td>&#xFF31;<wbr /></td> <td>&#65361;<wbr /></td> <td>&#xFF51;<wbr /> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/EBCDIC" title="EBCDIC">EBCDIC</a> family</td> <td>216</td> <td>D8</td> <td>152</td> <td>98</td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/ASCII" title="ASCII">ASCII</a><sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>b<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td> <td>81</td> <td>51</td> <td>113</td> <td>71</td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Other">Other</h3></div> <div style="width: 500px;"> <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" width="100%" style="text-align: center; background: white;"> <tbody><tr style="font-size: 85%; line-height: 125%;"> <td width="50%" style="border-left: 1px solid silver; border-top: 1px solid silver; line-height:1.3em; padding:0.3em;"><a href="/wiki/NATO_spelling_alphabet" class="mw-redirect" title="NATO spelling alphabet">NATO phonetic</a> </td> <td width="50%" style="border-left: 1px solid silver; border-top: 1px solid silver; border-right: 1px solid silver;"><a href="/wiki/Morse_code" title="Morse code">Morse code</a> </td></tr> <tr style="font-family: monospace; font-weight: bold; line-height: 100%; font-size:150%"> <td width="50%" style="border-left: 1px solid silver; padding:0.3em;">Quebec<br /><i style="font-size:75%"></i> </td> <td width="50%" style="border-left: 1px solid silver; border-right: 1px solid silver; font-size: large;"><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion nounderlines"><span class="ext-phonos"><span data-nosnippet="" id="ooui-php-2" class="noexcerpt ext-phonos-PhonosButton oo-ui-widget oo-ui-widget-enabled oo-ui-buttonElement oo-ui-buttonElement-frameless oo-ui-iconElement oo-ui-labelElement oo-ui-buttonWidget" data-ooui="{"_":"mw.Phonos.PhonosButton","href":"\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/transcoded\/f\/f0\/Q_morse_code.ogg\/Q_morse_code.ogg.mp3","rel":["nofollow"],"framed":false,"icon":"volumeUp","label":{"html":"<style data-mw-deduplicate=\"TemplateStyles:r1268038863\">.mw-parser-output .morse{font-family:monospace;font-size:37.5%;vertical-align:.75em;white-space:pre-wrap}.mw-parser-output .morse~.morse::before{content:\"\\a0 \"}<\/style><span class=\"morse\">&#160;&#9604;&#9604;&#9604;&#160;&#160;&#9604;&#9604;&#9604;&#160;&#160;&#9604;&#160;&#160;&#9604;&#9604;&#9604;&#160;<\/span>"},"data":{"ipa":"","text":"","lang":"en","wikibase":"","file":"Q morse code.ogg"},"classes":["noexcerpt","ext-phonos-PhonosButton"]}"><a role="button" tabindex="0" href="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/f0/Q_morse_code.ogg/Q_morse_code.ogg.mp3" rel="nofollow" aria-label="Play audio" title="Play audio" class="oo-ui-buttonElement-button"><span class="oo-ui-iconElement-icon oo-ui-icon-volumeUp"></span><span class="oo-ui-labelElement-label"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1268038863">.mw-parser-output .morse{font-family:monospace;font-size:37.5%;vertical-align:.75em;white-space:pre-wrap}.mw-parser-output .morse~.morse::before{content:"\a0 "}</style><span class="morse"> ▄▄▄  ▄▄▄  ▄  ▄▄▄ </span></span><span class="oo-ui-indicatorElement-indicator oo-ui-indicatorElement-noIndicator"></span></a></span><sup class="ext-phonos-attribution noexcerpt navigation-not-searchable"><a href="/wiki/File:Q_morse_code.ogg" title="File:Q morse code.ogg">ⓘ</a></sup></span></span> </td></tr></tbody></table> <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" width="100%" style="text-align: center; background: white;"> <tbody><tr style="height: 80px;"> <td width="20%" style="border-left: 1px solid silver; border-top: 1px solid silver; padding:0.3em;"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:ICS_Quebec.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/ICS_Quebec.svg/75px-ICS_Quebec.svg.png" decoding="async" width="75" height="75" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/ICS_Quebec.svg/113px-ICS_Quebec.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/ICS_Quebec.svg/150px-ICS_Quebec.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> </td> <td width="20%" style="border-left: 1px solid silver; border-top: 1px solid silver; padding:0.3em;"> <p><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Semaphore_Quebec.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/Semaphore_Quebec.svg/90px-Semaphore_Quebec.svg.png" decoding="async" width="90" height="75" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/Semaphore_Quebec.svg/135px-Semaphore_Quebec.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/Semaphore_Quebec.svg/180px-Semaphore_Quebec.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="500" /></a></span> </p> </td> <td width="20%" style="border-left: 1px solid silver; border-top: 1px solid silver; padding:0.3em;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Sign_language_Q.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/Sign_language_Q.svg/90px-Sign_language_Q.svg.png" decoding="async" width="90" height="114" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/Sign_language_Q.svg/135px-Sign_language_Q.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/Sign_language_Q.svg/180px-Sign_language_Q.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="384" data-file-height="486" /></a></span> </td> <td width="20%" style="border-left: 1px solid silver; border-top: 1px solid silver; padding:0.3em;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:BSL_letter_Q.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/BSL_letter_Q.svg/90px-BSL_letter_Q.svg.png" decoding="async" width="90" height="60" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/BSL_letter_Q.svg/135px-BSL_letter_Q.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/BSL_letter_Q.svg/180px-BSL_letter_Q.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="240" data-file-height="160" /></a></span> </td> <td width="20%" style="border-left: 1px solid silver; border-right: 1px solid silver; border-top: 1px solid silver; padding:0.3em;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Braille_Q.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="⠟"><img alt="⠟" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Braille_Q.svg/120px-Braille_Q.svg.png" decoding="async" width="77" height="108" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Braille_Q.svg/154px-Braille_Q.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="154" data-file-height="215" /></a></span> </td></tr> <tr style="font-size: 85%; line-height: 125%;"> <td width="20%" style="border-left: 1px solid silver; border-bottom: 1px solid silver; padding-bottom:0.3em;"><a href="/wiki/International_maritime_signal_flags" title="International maritime signal flags">Signal flag</a> </td> <td width="20%" style="border-left: 1px solid silver; border-bottom: 1px solid silver;"><a href="/wiki/Flag_semaphore" title="Flag semaphore">Flag semaphore</a> </td> <td width="20%" style="border-left: 1px solid silver; border-bottom: 1px solid silver;"><a href="/wiki/American_manual_alphabet" title="American manual alphabet">American manual alphabet</a> (<a href="/wiki/American_Sign_Language" title="American Sign Language">ASL</a> <a href="/wiki/Fingerspelling" title="Fingerspelling">fingerspelling</a>) </td> <td width="20%" style="border-left: 1px solid silver; border-bottom: 1px solid silver;"><a href="/wiki/British_manual_alphabet" class="mw-redirect" title="British manual alphabet">British manual alphabet</a> (<a href="/wiki/British_Sign_Language" title="British Sign Language">BSL</a> <a href="/wiki/Fingerspelling" title="Fingerspelling">fingerspelling</a>) </td> <td width="20%" style="border-left: 1px solid silver; border-right: 1px solid silver; border-bottom: 1px solid silver;"><a href="/wiki/Braille_pattern_dots-12345" title="Braille pattern dots-12345">Braille dots-12345</a><br /> <a href="/wiki/Unified_English_Braille" title="Unified English Braille">Unified English Braille</a> </td></tr></tbody></table> </div> <div style="clear:both;" class=""></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_English_words_containing_Q_not_followed_by_U" title="List of English words containing Q not followed by U">List of English words containing Q not followed by U</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mind_your_Ps_and_Qs" title="Mind your Ps and Qs">Mind your Ps and Qs</a> – English idiom about minding manners</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Q_factor" title="Q factor">Q factor</a> – Parameter describing the longevity of energy in a resonator relative to its resonant frequency</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Q_Sharp" title="Q Sharp">Q#</a> – Programming lang. for quantum algorithms</li> <li><a href="/wiki/QAnon" title="QAnon">QAnon</a> – American conspiracy theory and political movement</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-lower-alpha"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">See references at <a href="/wiki/Voiceless_uvular_stop#Occurrence" class="mw-redirect" title="Voiceless uvular stop">Voiceless uvular stop#Occurrence</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-36"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-36">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Also for encodings based on ASCII, including the DOS, Windows, ISO-8859 and Macintosh families of encodings.</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626" /><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">"Q", <i>Oxford English Dictionary,</i> 2nd edition (1989). <br /><i>Merriam-Webster's Third New International Dictionary of the English Language, Unabridged</i> (1993) lists "cue" and "kue" as current. <a href="/wiki/James_Joyce" title="James Joyce">James Joyce</a> used "kew"; it and "que" remain in use.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Travers Wood, Henry Craven Ord Lanchester, <i>A Hebrew Grammar</i>, 1913, p. 7. A. B. Davidson, <i>Hebrew Primer and Grammar</i>, 2000, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=L3e0nqF9_1MC&pg=RA1-PA4">p. 4</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170204004048/https://books.google.ch/books?id=L3e0nqF9_1MC&pg=RA1-PA4">Archived</a> 2017-02-04 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>. The meaning is doubtful. "Eye of a needle" has been suggested, and also "knot" Harvard Studies in Classical Philology vol. 45.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Isaac Taylor, <i>History of the Alphabet: Semitic Alphabets, Part 1</i>, 2003: "The old explanation, which has again been revived by Halévy, is that it denotes an 'ape,' the character <i>Q</i> being taken to represent an ape with its tail hanging down. It may also be referred to a Talmudic root which would signify an 'aperture' of some kind, as the 'eye of a needle,' ... Lenormant adopts the more usual explanation that the word means a 'knot'.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:4-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:4_4-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:4_4-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:4_4-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFHaley" class="citation web cs1">Haley, Allan. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.fonts.com/content/learning/fontology/level-1/type-families/letter-q">"The Letter Q"</a>. <i>Fonts.com</i>. <a href="/wiki/Monotype_Imaging" title="Monotype Imaging">Monotype Imaging Corporation</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170203164213/https://www.fonts.com/content/learning/fontology/level-1/type-families/letter-q">Archived</a> from the original on February 3, 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 3,</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Fonts.com&rft.atitle=The+Letter+Q&rft.aulast=Haley&rft.aufirst=Allan&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.fonts.com%2Fcontent%2Flearning%2Ffontology%2Flevel-1%2Ftype-families%2Fletter-q&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AQ" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFSamuel1851" class="citation book cs1">Samuel, Stehman Haldeman (1851). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=J4UAAAAAYAAJ&q=Qof+Qoppa&pg=PA56"><i>Elements of Latin Pronunciation: For the Use of Students in Language, Law, Medicine, Zoology, Botany, and the Sciences Generally in which Latin Words are Used</i></a>. J.B. Lippincott. p. 56. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210816024443/https://books.google.com/books?id=J4UAAAAAYAAJ&q=Qof+Qoppa&pg=PA56">Archived</a> from the original on August 16, 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 19,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Elements+of+Latin+Pronunciation%3A+For+the+Use+of+Students+in+Language%2C+Law%2C+Medicine%2C+Zoology%2C+Botany%2C+and+the+Sciences+Generally+in+which+Latin+Words+are+Used&rft.pages=56&rft.pub=J.B.+Lippincott&rft.date=1851&rft.aulast=Samuel&rft.aufirst=Stehman+Haldeman&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DJ4UAAAAAYAAJ%26q%3DQof%2BQoppa%26pg%3DPA56&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AQ" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFHamilton2006" class="citation book cs1">Hamilton, Gordon James (2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=LdANAAAAYAAJ&q=Egyptian+Qoppa"><i>The Origins of the West Semitic Alphabet in Egyptian Scripts</i></a>. <a href="/wiki/Catholic_Biblical_Association_of_America" class="mw-redirect" title="Catholic Biblical Association of America">Catholic Biblical Association of America</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780915170401" title="Special:BookSources/9780915170401"><bdi>9780915170401</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220221011159/https://books.google.com/books?id=LdANAAAAYAAJ&q=Egyptian+Qoppa">Archived</a> from the original on February 21, 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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George. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://webspace.ship.edu/cgboer/alphabet.html">"The Origin of the Alphabet"</a>. <i>Shippensburg University</i>. <a href="/wiki/Shippensburg_University_of_Pennsylvania" title="Shippensburg University of Pennsylvania">Shippensburg University of Pennsylvania</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20161204204050/http://webspace.ship.edu/cgboer/alphabet.html">Archived</a> from the original on December 4, 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 3,</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Shippensburg+University&rft.atitle=The+Origin+of+the+Alphabet&rft.aulast=Boeree&rft.aufirst=C.+George&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwebspace.ship.edu%2Fcgboer%2Falphabet.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AQ" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFArvaniti1999" class="citation journal cs1">Arvaniti, Amalia (1999). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160303222353/http://www.kent.ac.uk/secl/ell/staff/amalia-arvaniti/docs/Illustrations%20%20of%20the%20IPA%20-%20Modern%20Greek.pdf">"Standard Modern Greek"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i><a href="/wiki/Journal_of_the_International_Phonetic_Association" title="Journal of the International Phonetic Association">Journal of the International Phonetic Association</a></i>. <b>2</b> (29): <span class="nowrap">167–</span>172. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1017%2FS0025100300006538">10.1017/S0025100300006538</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:145606058">145606058</a>. Archived from the original on March 3, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+the+International+Phonetic+Association&rft.atitle=Standard+Modern+Greek&rft.volume=2&rft.issue=29&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E167-%3C%2Fspan%3E172&rft.date=1999&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1017%2FS0025100300006538&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A145606058%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft.aulast=Arvaniti&rft.aufirst=Amalia&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.kent.ac.uk%2Fcultures-languages&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AQ" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_journal" title="Template:Cite journal">cite journal</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_bot:_original_URL_status_unknown" title="Category:CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown">link</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFMiller1994" class="citation book cs1">Miller, D. Gary (September 6, 1994). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=DUBAAAAAQBAJ&q=qoppa+phi+split&pg=PA54"><i>Ancient Scripts and Phonological Knowledge</i></a>. <a href="/wiki/John_Benjamins_Publishing" class="mw-redirect" title="John Benjamins Publishing">John Benjamins Publishing</a>. pp. <span class="nowrap">54–</span>56. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9789027276711" title="Special:BookSources/9789027276711"><bdi>9789027276711</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210818022153/https://books.google.com/books?id=DUBAAAAAQBAJ&q=qoppa+phi+split&pg=PA54">Archived</a> from the original on August 18, 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 19,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Ancient+Scripts+and+Phonological+Knowledge&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E54-%3C%2Fspan%3E56&rft.pub=John+Benjamins+Publishing&rft.date=1994-09-06&rft.isbn=9789027276711&rft.aulast=Miller&rft.aufirst=D.+Gary&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DDUBAAAAAQBAJ%26q%3Dqoppa%2Bphi%2Bsplit%26pg%3DPA54&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AQ" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFBispham2010" class="citation book cs1">Bispham, Edward (March 1, 2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=eNSqBgAAQBAJ&q=%22latin%22+inscriptions+%22C%22+%22Q%22+%22K%22&pg=PA482"><i>Edinburgh Companion to Ancient Greece and Rome</i></a>. <a href="/wiki/Edinburgh_University_Press" title="Edinburgh University Press">Edinburgh University Press</a>. p. 482. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780748627141" title="Special:BookSources/9780748627141"><bdi>9780748627141</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220221011155/https://books.google.com/books?id=eNSqBgAAQBAJ&q=%22latin%22+inscriptions+%22C%22+%22Q%22+%22K%22&pg=PA482">Archived</a> from the original on February 21, 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 19,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Edinburgh+Companion+to+Ancient+Greece+and+Rome&rft.pages=482&rft.pub=Edinburgh+University+Press&rft.date=2010-03-01&rft.isbn=9780748627141&rft.aulast=Bispham&rft.aufirst=Edward&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DeNSqBgAAQBAJ%26q%3D%2522latin%2522%2Binscriptions%2B%2522C%2522%2B%2522Q%2522%2B%2522K%2522%26pg%3DPA482&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AQ" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFSihler1995" class="citation cs2">Sihler, Andrew L. (1995), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=IeHmqKY2BqoC"><i>New Comparative Grammar of Greek and Latin</i></a> (illustrated ed.), New York: <a href="/wiki/Oxford_University_Press" title="Oxford University Press">Oxford University Press</a>, p. 21, <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-19-508345-8" title="Special:BookSources/0-19-508345-8"><bdi>0-19-508345-8</bdi></a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20161109231225/https://books.google.com/books?id=IeHmqKY2BqoC">archived</a> from the original on November 9, 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">, retrieved <span class="nowrap">December 24,</span> 2015</span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=New+Comparative+Grammar+of+Greek+and+Latin&rft.place=New+York&rft.pages=21&rft.edition=illustrated&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=1995&rft.isbn=0-19-508345-8&rft.aulast=Sihler&rft.aufirst=Andrew+L.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DIeHmqKY2BqoC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AQ" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:5-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-:5_15-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.hurriyetdailynews.com/ban-on-kurdish-letters-to-be-lifted-with-democracy-package-55254">"Ban on Kurdish letters to be lifted with democracy package - Turkey News"</a>. <i>Hürriyet Daily News</i>. September 27, 2013. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220117020305/https://www.hurriyetdailynews.com/ban-on-kurdish-letters-to-be-lifted-with-democracy-package-55254">Archived</a> from the original on January 17, 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 17,</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=H%C3%BCrriyet+Daily+News&rft.atitle=Ban+on+Kurdish+letters+to+be+lifted+with+democracy+package+-+Turkey+News&rft.date=2013-09-27&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.hurriyetdailynews.com%2Fban-on-kurdish-letters-to-be-lifted-with-democracy-package-55254&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AQ" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:3-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:3_16-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:3_16-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:3_16-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:3_16-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:3_16-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFUpdike1922" class="citation book cs1">Updike, Daniel Berkeley (1922). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/printingtypesthe01updi"><i>Printing types, their history, forms, and use; a study in survivals</i></a>. Cambridge, Massachusetts: <a href="/wiki/Harvard_University_Press" title="Harvard University Press">Harvard University Press</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1584560568" title="Special:BookSources/1584560568"><bdi>1584560568</bdi></a> – via Internet Archive.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Printing+types%2C+their+history%2C+forms%2C+and+use%3B+a+study+in+survivals&rft.place=Cambridge%2C+Massachusetts&rft.pub=Harvard+University+Press&rft.date=1922&rft.isbn=1584560568&rft.aulast=Updike&rft.aufirst=Daniel+Berkeley&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fprintingtypesthe01updi&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AQ" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFAmbroseHarris2011" class="citation book cs1">Ambrose, Gavin; Harris, Paul (August 31, 2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=IW9MAQAAQBAJ&q=q+tail+typography&pg=PA189"><i>The Fundamentals of Typography: Second Edition</i></a>. <a href="/wiki/A_%26_C_Black" title="A & C Black">A & C Black</a>. p. 24. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9782940411764" title="Special:BookSources/9782940411764"><bdi>9782940411764</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210819020149/https://books.google.com/books?id=IW9MAQAAQBAJ&q=q+tail+typography&pg=PA189">Archived</a> from the original on August 19, 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 19,</span> 2020</span>. <q>...the bisecting tail of the Helvetica 'Q'.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Fundamentals+of+Typography%3A+Second+Edition&rft.pages=24&rft.pub=A+%26+C+Black&rft.date=2011-08-31&rft.isbn=9782940411764&rft.aulast=Ambrose&rft.aufirst=Gavin&rft.au=Harris%2C+Paul&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DIW9MAQAAQBAJ%26q%3Dq%2Btail%2Btypography%26pg%3DPA189&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AQ" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:0-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:0_18-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_18-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_18-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFWillenStrals2009" class="citation book cs1">Willen, Bruce; Strals, Nolen (September 23, 2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=yBytanUmuCoC&q=q+tail+typography&pg=PA110"><i>Lettering & Type: Creating Letters and Designing Typefaces</i></a>. Princeton Architectural Press. p. 110. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781568987651" title="Special:BookSources/9781568987651"><bdi>9781568987651</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210815232906/https://books.google.com/books?id=yBytanUmuCoC&q=q+tail+typography&pg=PA110">Archived</a> from the original on August 15, 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 19,</span> 2020</span>. <q>The bowl of the Q is typically similar to the bowl of the O, although not always identical. The style and design of the Q's tail is often a distinctive feature of a typeface.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Lettering+%26+Type%3A+Creating+Letters+and+Designing+Typefaces&rft.pages=110&rft.pub=Princeton+Architectural+Press&rft.date=2009-09-23&rft.isbn=9781568987651&rft.aulast=Willen&rft.aufirst=Bruce&rft.au=Strals%2C+Nolen&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DyBytanUmuCoC%26q%3Dq%2Btail%2Btypography%26pg%3DPA110&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AQ" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:2-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:2_19-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:2_19-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFVervliet2008" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/H._D._L._Vervliet" title="H. D. L. Vervliet">Vervliet, Hendrik D. L.</a> (January 1, 2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=6sidSDlif48C&q=q+tail+typography&pg=PA330"><i>The Palaeotypography of the French Renaissance: Selected Papers on Sixteenth-century Typefaces</i></a>. <a href="/wiki/Brill_Publishers" title="Brill Publishers">BRILL</a>. pp. 58 (a) 54 (b). <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-9004169821" title="Special:BookSources/978-9004169821"><bdi>978-9004169821</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220221011132/https://books.google.com/books?id=6sidSDlif48C&q=q+tail+typography&pg=PA330">Archived</a> from the original on February 21, 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 19,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Palaeotypography+of+the+French+Renaissance%3A+Selected+Papers+on+Sixteenth-century+Typefaces&rft.pages=58+%28a%29+54+%28b%29&rft.pub=BRILL&rft.date=2008-01-01&rft.isbn=978-9004169821&rft.aulast=Vervliet&rft.aufirst=Hendrik+D.+L.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D6sidSDlif48C%26q%3Dq%2Btail%2Btypography%26pg%3DPA330&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AQ" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFRabinowitz2015" class="citation book cs1">Rabinowitz, Tova (January 1, 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=xjRBBAAAQBAJ&q=q+tail+typography&pg=PA50"><i>Exploring Typography</i></a>. Cengage Learning. p. 264. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781305464810" title="Special:BookSources/9781305464810"><bdi>9781305464810</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220221011130/https://books.google.com/books?id=xjRBBAAAQBAJ&q=q+tail+typography&pg=PA50">Archived</a> from the original on February 21, 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 19,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Exploring+Typography&rft.pages=264&rft.pub=Cengage+Learning&rft.date=2015-01-01&rft.isbn=9781305464810&rft.aulast=Rabinowitz&rft.aufirst=Tova&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DxjRBBAAAQBAJ%26q%3Dq%2Btail%2Btypography%26pg%3DPA50&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AQ" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:1-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:1_21-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:1_21-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:1_21-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFOstererStamm2014" class="citation book cs1">Osterer, Heidrun; Stamm, Philipp (May 8, 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=X3_oBQAAQBAJ&q=q+tail+typography&pg=PA97"><i>Adrian Frutiger – Typefaces: The Complete Works</i></a>. Walter de Gruyter. pp. 97 (a) 183 (b) 219 (c). <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9783038212607" title="Special:BookSources/9783038212607"><bdi>9783038212607</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220221011155/https://books.google.com/books?id=X3_oBQAAQBAJ&q=q+tail+typography&pg=PA97">Archived</a> from the original on February 21, 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 19,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Adrian+Frutiger+%E2%80%93+Typefaces%3A+The+Complete+Works&rft.pages=97+%28a%29+183+%28b%29+219+%28c%29&rft.pub=Walter+de+Gruyter&rft.date=2014-05-08&rft.isbn=9783038212607&rft.aulast=Osterer&rft.aufirst=Heidrun&rft.au=Stamm%2C+Philipp&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DX3_oBQAAQBAJ%26q%3Dq%2Btail%2Btypography%26pg%3DPA97&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AQ" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFLoxley2006" class="citation book cs1">Loxley, Simon (March 31, 2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=_wn4AgAAQBAJ&q=long+tailed+Q+typography&pg=PT44"><i>Type: The Secret History of Letters</i></a>. I.B.Tauris. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780857730176" title="Special:BookSources/9780857730176"><bdi>9780857730176</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220221011140/https://books.google.com/books?id=_wn4AgAAQBAJ&q=long+tailed+Q+typography&pg=PT44">Archived</a> from the original on February 21, 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 19,</span> 2020</span>. <q>The uppercase roman Q...has a very long tail, but this has been modified and reduced on versions produced in the following centuries.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Type%3A+The+Secret+History+of+Letters&rft.pub=I.B.Tauris&rft.date=2006-03-31&rft.isbn=9780857730176&rft.aulast=Loxley&rft.aufirst=Simon&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D_wn4AgAAQBAJ%26q%3Dlong%2Btailed%2BQ%2Btypography%26pg%3DPT44&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AQ" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFFischer2014" class="citation web cs1">Fischer, Ulrike (November 2, 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://tex.stackexchange.com/questions/210192/how-to-force-a-long-tailed-q-in-eb-garamond">"How to force a long-tailed Q in EB Garamond"</a>. <i>TeX Stack Exchange</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170204003733/http://tex.stackexchange.com/questions/210192/how-to-force-a-long-tailed-q-in-eb-garamond">Archived</a> from the original on February 4, 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 3,</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=TeX+Stack+Exchange&rft.atitle=How+to+force+a+long-tailed+Q+in+EB+Garamond&rft.date=2014-11-02&rft.aulast=Fischer&rft.aufirst=Ulrike&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftex.stackexchange.com%2Fquestions%2F210192%2Fhow-to-force-a-long-tailed-q-in-eb-garamond&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AQ" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.typography.com/faq/157">"What are "Stylistic Sets?"<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a>. <i>Typography.com</i>. Hoefler & Co. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170204084944/http://www.typography.com/faq/question.php?faqID=157">Archived</a> from the original on February 4, 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 3,</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Typography.com&rft.atitle=What+are+%22Stylistic+Sets%3F%22&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.typography.com%2Ffaq%2F157&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AQ" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFBosler2012" class="citation book cs1">Bosler, Denise (May 16, 2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=SudnyGqZ5VAC&q=q+tail+typography&pg=PA31"><i>Mastering Type: The Essential Guide to Typography for Print and Web Design</i></a>. F+W Media, Inc. p. 31. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1440313714" title="Special:BookSources/978-1440313714"><bdi>978-1440313714</bdi></a>. <q>Letters that contain truly individual parts [are] S, ... Q...</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Mastering+Type%3A+The+Essential+Guide+to+Typography+for+Print+and+Web+Design&rft.pages=31&rft.pub=F%2BW+Media%2C+Inc.&rft.date=2012-05-16&rft.isbn=978-1440313714&rft.aulast=Bosler&rft.aufirst=Denise&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DSudnyGqZ5VAC%26q%3Dq%2Btail%2Btypography%26pg%3DPA31&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AQ" class="Z3988"></span><sup class="noprint Inline-Template"><span style="white-space: nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot" title="Wikipedia:Link rot"><span title=" Dead link tagged February 2023">permanent dead link</span></a></i><span style="visibility:hidden; color:transparent; padding-left:2px">‍</span>]</span></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.identifont.com/identify?2+%20+9Z">"2: Q Shape"</a>. <i>Identifont</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170203164207/http://www.identifont.com/identify?2+%20+9Z">Archived</a> from the original on February 3, 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 1,</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Identifont&rft.atitle=2%3A+Q+Shape&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.identifont.com%2Fidentify%3F2%2B%2520%2B9Z&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AQ" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-27">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.identifont.com/identify?3+.+1QY+7AG+9Z">"3: $ style"</a>. <i>Identifont</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170203163504/http://www.identifont.com/identify?3+.+1QY+7AG+9Z">Archived</a> from the original on February 3, 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 2,</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Identifont&rft.atitle=3%3A+%24+style&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.identifont.com%2Fidentify%3F3%2B.%2B1QY%2B7AG%2B9Z&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AQ" class="Z3988"></span> To get the numbers in the table, click Question 1 (serif or sans-serif?) or Question 2 (Q shape) and change the value. They appear under X possible fonts.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-28">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFHughes2014" class="citation web cs1">Hughes, Kerrie (September 2, 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.creativebloq.com/typography/font-day-strato-91412811">"Font of the day: Strato"</a>. <i>Creative Bloq</i>. <a href="/wiki/Bath,_Somerset" title="Bath, Somerset">Bath, Somerset</a>: <a href="/wiki/Future_plc" title="Future plc">Future plc</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 25,</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Creative+Bloq&rft.atitle=Font+of+the+day%3A+Strato&rft.date=2014-09-02&rft.aulast=Hughes&rft.aufirst=Kerrie&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.creativebloq.com%2Ftypography%2Ffont-day-strato-91412811&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AQ" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-29">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFHeller2016" class="citation web cs1">Heller, Stephen (January 7, 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.wired.com/2016/01/14-typographers-introduce-us-to-their-favorite-letterforms/">"We asked 15 typographers to describe their favorite letterforms. Here's what they told us"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Wired_(magazine)#Website" title="Wired (magazine)">WIRED</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170203163523/https://www.wired.com/2016/01/14-typographers-introduce-us-to-their-favorite-letterforms/">Archived</a> from the original on February 3, 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 3,</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=We+asked+15+typographers+to+describe+their+favorite+letterforms.+Here%27s+what+they+told+us.&rft.pub=WIRED&rft.date=2016-01-07&rft.aulast=Heller&rft.aufirst=Stephen&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.wired.com%2F2016%2F01%2F14-typographers-introduce-us-to-their-favorite-letterforms%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AQ" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-30">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFPhillips2016" class="citation news cs1">Phillips, Nicole Arnett (January 27, 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.typographher.com/blog/2016/1/27/wired-asked-15-typographers-to-introduce-us-to-their-favorite-glyphs">"Wired asked 15 Typographers to introduce us to their favorite glyphs"</a>. <i>Typograph.Her</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170203164623/http://www.typographher.com/blog/2016/1/27/wired-asked-15-typographers-to-introduce-us-to-their-favorite-glyphs">Archived</a> from the original on February 3, 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 3,</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Typograph.Her&rft.atitle=Wired+asked+15+Typographers+to+introduce+us+to+their+favorite+glyphs.&rft.date=2016-01-27&rft.aulast=Phillips&rft.aufirst=Nicole+Arnett&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.typographher.com%2Fblog%2F2016%2F1%2F27%2Fwired-asked-15-typographers-to-introduce-us-to-their-favorite-glyphs&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AQ" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-31">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFGordon,_Arthur_E.1983" class="citation book cs1">Gordon, Arthur E. (1983). <span class="id-lock-registration" title="Free registration required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/illustratedintro0000gord"><i>Illustrated Introduction to Latin Epigraphy</i></a></span>. <a href="/wiki/University_of_California_Press" title="University of California Press">University of California Press</a>. pp. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/illustratedintro0000gord/page/44">44</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780520038981" title="Special:BookSources/9780520038981"><bdi>9780520038981</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 3,</span> 2015</span>. <q>roman numerals.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Illustrated+Introduction+to+Latin+Epigraphy&rft.pages=44&rft.pub=University+of+California+Press&rft.date=1983&rft.isbn=9780520038981&rft.au=Gordon%2C+Arthur+E.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fillustratedintro0000gord&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AQ" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-32">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFBarmeier2015" class="citation cs2">Barmeier, Severin (October 10, 2015), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.unicode.org/L2/L2015/15241-small-cap-q.pdf"><i>L2/15-241: Proposal to encode Latin small capital letter Q</i></a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190614230138/http://www.unicode.org/L2/L2015/15241-small-cap-q.pdf">archived</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> from the original on June 14, 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">, retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 19,</span> 2018</span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=L2%2F15-241%3A+Proposal+to+encode+Latin+small+capital+letter+Q&rft.date=2015-10-10&rft.aulast=Barmeier&rft.aufirst=Severin&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.unicode.org%2FL2%2FL2015%2F15241-small-cap-q.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AQ" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-L220251-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-L220251_33-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFMillerCornelius2020" class="citation web cs1">Miller, Kirk; Cornelius, Craig (September 25, 2020). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.unicode.org/L2/L2020/20251-mod-latin.pdf">"L2/20-251: Unicode request for modifier Latin capital letters"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=L2%2F20-251%3A+Unicode+request+for+modifier+Latin+capital+letters&rft.date=2020-09-25&rft.aulast=Miller&rft.aufirst=Kirk&rft.au=Cornelius%2C+Craig&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.unicode.org%2FL2%2FL2020%2F20251-mod-latin.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AQ" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-L220252-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-L220252_34-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFMillerAshby2020" class="citation web cs1">Miller, Kirk; Ashby, Michael (November 8, 2020). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.unicode.org/L2/L2020/20252r-mod-ipa-a.pdf">"L2/20-252R: Unicode request for IPA modifier-letters (a), pulmonic"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=L2%2F20-252R%3A+Unicode+request+for+IPA+modifier-letters+%28a%29%2C+pulmonic&rft.date=2020-11-08&rft.aulast=Miller&rft.aufirst=Kirk&rft.au=Ashby%2C+Michael&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.unicode.org%2FL2%2FL2020%2F20252r-mod-ipa-a.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AQ" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-35">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFEversonBakerEmilianoGrammel2006" class="citation web cs1">Everson, Michael; Baker, Peter; Emiliano, António; Grammel, Florian; Haugen, Odd Einar; Luft, Diana; Pedro, Susana; Schumacher, Gerd; Stötzner, Andreas (January 30, 2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.unicode.org/L2/L2006/06027-n3027-medieval.pdf">"L2/06-027: Proposal to add Medievalist characters to the UCS"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180919051622/https://www.unicode.org/L2/L2006/06027-n3027-medieval.pdf">Archived</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> from the original on September 19, 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 24,</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=L2%2F06-027%3A+Proposal+to+add+Medievalist+characters+to+the+UCS&rft.date=2006-01-30&rft.aulast=Everson&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft.au=Baker%2C+Peter&rft.au=Emiliano%2C+Ant%C3%B3nio&rft.au=Grammel%2C+Florian&rft.au=Haugen%2C+Odd+Einar&rft.au=Luft%2C+Diana&rft.au=Pedro%2C+Susana&rft.au=Schumacher%2C+Gerd&rft.au=St%C3%B6tzner%2C+Andreas&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.unicode.org%2FL2%2FL2006%2F06027-n3027-medieval.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AQ" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2></div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Commons-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/20px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" 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href="/wiki/List_of_Latin-script_alphabets" title="List of Latin-script alphabets">list</a>)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Classical_Latin_alphabet" class="mw-redirect" title="Classical Latin alphabet">Classical Latin alphabet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ISO_basic_Latin_alphabet" title="ISO basic Latin alphabet">ISO basic Latin alphabet</a></li> <li>Phonetic alphabets <ul><li><a href="/wiki/International_Phonetic_Alphabet" title="International Phonetic Alphabet">International Phonetic Alphabet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/X-SAMPA" title="X-SAMPA">X-SAMPA</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spelling_alphabet" title="Spelling alphabet">Spelling alphabet</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Letters (<a href="/wiki/List_of_Latin-script_letters" title="List of Latin-script letters">list</a>)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <table style="margin: 0 -0.25em; width: 100%;"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="26"><div style="width:100%; background:#e0e0e0;; text-align:center;">Letters of the <a href="/wiki/ISO_basic_Latin_alphabet" title="ISO basic Latin alphabet">ISO basic Latin alphabet</a></div> </th></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;"><span class=""><a href="/wiki/A" title="A">Aa</a></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;"><span class=""><a href="/wiki/B" title="B">Bb</a></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;"><span class=""><a href="/wiki/C" title="C">Cc</a></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;"><span class=""><a href="/wiki/D" title="D">Dd</a></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;"><span class=""><a href="/wiki/E" title="E">Ee</a></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;"><span class=""><a href="/wiki/F" title="F">Ff</a></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;"><span class=""><a href="/wiki/G" title="G">Gg</a></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;"><span class=""><a href="/wiki/H" title="H">Hh</a></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;"><span class=""><a href="/wiki/I" title="I">Ii</a></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;"><span class=""><a href="/wiki/J" title="J">Jj</a></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;"><span class=""><a href="/wiki/K" title="K">Kk</a></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;"><span class=""><a href="/wiki/L" title="L">Ll</a></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;"><span class=""><a href="/wiki/M" title="M">Mm </a></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;"><span class=""><a href="/wiki/N" title="N">Nn</a></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;"><span class=""><a href="/wiki/O" title="O">Oo</a></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;"><span class=""><a href="/wiki/P" title="P">Pp</a></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;"><span class=""><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Qq</a></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;"><span class=""><a href="/wiki/R" title="R">Rr</a></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;"><span class=""><a href="/wiki/S" title="S">Ss</a></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;"><span class=""><a href="/wiki/T" title="T">Tt</a></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;"><span class=""><a href="/wiki/U" title="U">Uu</a></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;"><span class=""><a href="/wiki/V" title="V">Vv</a></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;"><span class=""><a href="/wiki/W" title="W">Ww</a></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;"><span class=""><a href="/wiki/X" title="X">Xx</a></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;"><span class=""><a href="/wiki/Y" title="Y">Yy</a></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;"><span class=""><a href="/wiki/Z" title="Z">Zz </a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="26"><div style="width:100%; background:#e0e0e0;; text-align:center;">Additional Latin letters</div> </th></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;"><span class=""><a href="/wiki/%C3%86" title="Æ">Æ æ</a></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;"><span class=""><a href="/wiki/Latin_alpha" title="Latin alpha">Ɑ ɑ</a></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;"><span class=""><a href="/wiki/Turned_v" title="Turned v">Ʌ ʌ</a></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;"><span class=""><a href="/wiki/Latin_beta" title="Latin beta">Ꞵ ꞵ</a></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;"><span class=""><a href="/wiki/Eth_(letter)" class="mw-redirect" title="Eth (letter)">Ð ð</a></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;"><span class=""><a href="/wiki/Latin_epsilon" title="Latin epsilon">Ɛ ɛ</a></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;"><span class=""><a href="/wiki/%C6%8F" title="Ə">Ə ə</a></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;"><span class=""><a href="/wiki/%C6%8E" title="Ǝ">Ǝ ə</a></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;"><span class=""><a href="/wiki/Latin_gamma" title="Latin gamma">Ɣ ɣ</a></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;"><span class=""><a href="/wiki/Gha" title="Gha">Ƣ ƣ</a></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;"><span class=""><a href="/wiki/Latin_iota" title="Latin iota">Ɩ ɩ</a></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;"><span class=""><a href="/wiki/Turned_h" title="Turned h">Ɥ ɥ</a></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;"><span class=""><a href="/wiki/Lambda_(Latin_letter)" title="Lambda (Latin letter)">λ</a></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;"><span class=""><a href="/wiki/Eng_(letter)" title="Eng (letter)">Ŋ ŋ </a></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;"><span class=""><a href="/wiki/%C5%92" title="Œ">Œ œ</a></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;"><span class=""><a href="/wiki/Open_O" title="Open O">Ɔ ɔ</a></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;"><span class=""><a href="/wiki/%C9%A4" class="mw-redirect" title="ɤ">ɤ</a></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;"><span class=""><a href="/wiki/Kra_(letter)" title="Kra (letter)">Kʼ ĸ</a></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;"><span class=""><a href="/wiki/%C6%A6" class="mw-redirect" title="Ʀ">Ʀ ʀ</a></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;"><span class=""><a href="/wiki/%C3%9F" title="ß">ẞ ß</a></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;"><span class=""><a href="/wiki/Esh_(letter)" title="Esh (letter)">Ʃ ʃ</a></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;"><span class=""><a href="/wiki/%C6%9C" title="Ɯ">Ɯ ɯ</a></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;"><span class=""><a href="/wiki/%C6%B1" title="Ʊ">Ʊ ʊ</a></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;"><span class=""><a href="/wiki/Latin_omega" title="Latin omega">Ꞷ ꞷ</a></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;"><span class=""><a href="/wiki/%C6%B2" title="Ʋ">Ʋ ʋ</a></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;"><span class=""><a href="/wiki/Wynn" title="Wynn">Ƿ ƿ </a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;"><span class=""><a href="/wiki/Yogh" title="Yogh">Ȝ ȝ</a></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;"><span class=""><a href="/wiki/Latin_theta" title="Latin theta">ϴ θ</a></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;"><span class=""><a href="/wiki/Ezh" title="Ezh">Ʒ ʒ</a></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;"><span class=""><a href="/wiki/%C6%B8" title="Ƹ">Ƹ ƹ</a></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;"><span class=""><a href="/wiki/Thorn_(letter)" title="Thorn (letter)">Þ þ</a></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;"><span class=""><a href="/wiki/Ou_(ligature)" title="Ou (ligature)">Ȣ ȣ</a></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;"><span class=""><a href="/wiki/Chi_(letter)" title="Chi (letter)">Ꭓ ꭓ</a></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;"><span class=""><a href="/wiki/Glottal_stop_(letter)" title="Glottal stop (letter)">Ɂ ʔ ɂ</a></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;"><span class=""><a href="/wiki/%CA%95" class="mw-redirect" title="ʕ">ʕ</a></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;"><span class=""><a href="/wiki/%C7%80" class="mw-redirect" title="ǀ">ǀ</a></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;"><span class=""><a href="/wiki/%C7%81" class="mw-redirect" title="ǁ">ǁ</a></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;"><span class=""><a href="/wiki/%C7%82" class="mw-redirect" title="ǂ">ǂ</a></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;"><span class=""><a href="/wiki/%C7%83" class="mw-redirect" title="ǃ">ǃ</a></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;"><span class=""><a href="/wiki/%CA%98" class="mw-redirect" title="ʘ">ʘ</a></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;"><span class=""><a href="/wiki/%CA%BBOkina" title="ʻOkina">ʻ</a></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;"><span class=""><a href="/wiki/%CB%80" class="mw-redirect" title="ˀ">ˀ</a></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;"><span class=""><a href="/wiki/Modifier_letter_apostrophe" title="Modifier letter apostrophe">ʼ</a></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;"><span class=""><a href="/wiki/Saltillo_(linguistics)" title="Saltillo (linguistics)">Ꞌ ꞌ</a></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;"><span class=""><a href="/wiki/%E1%B4%AC" class="mw-redirect" title="ᴬ">ᴬ</a></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;"><span class=""><a href="/wiki/%E1%B4%AE" class="mw-redirect" title="ᴮ">ᴮ</a></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;"><span class=""><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EA%9F%B2&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ꟲ (page does not exist)">ꟲ</a></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;"><span class=""><a href="/wiki/%E1%B4%B0" class="mw-redirect" title="ᴰ">ᴰ</a></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;"><span class=""><a href="/wiki/%E1%B4%B1" class="mw-redirect" title="ᴱ">ᴱ</a></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;"><span class=""><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EA%9F%B3&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ꟳ (page does not exist)">ꟳ</a></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;"><span class=""><a href="/wiki/%E1%B4%B3" class="mw-redirect" title="ᴳ">ᴳ</a></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;"><span class=""><a href="/wiki/%E1%B4%B4" class="mw-redirect" title="ᴴ">ᴴ</a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;"><span class=""><a href="/wiki/%E1%B4%B5" class="mw-redirect" title="ᴵ">ᴵ</a></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;"><span class=""><a href="/wiki/%E1%B4%B6" class="mw-redirect" title="ᴶ">ᴶ</a></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;"><span class=""><a href="/wiki/%E1%B4%B7" class="mw-redirect" title="ᴷ">ᴷ</a></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;"><span class=""><a href="/wiki/%E1%B4%B8" class="mw-redirect" title="ᴸ">ᴸ</a></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;"><span class=""><a href="/wiki/%E1%B4%B9" class="mw-redirect" title="ᴹ">ᴹ</a></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;"><span class=""><a href="/wiki/%E1%B5%83" class="mw-redirect" title="ᵃ">ᵃ</a></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;"><span class=""><a href="/wiki/%E1%B5%89" class="mw-redirect" title="ᵉ">ᵉ</a></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;"><span class=""><a href="/wiki/%E1%B5%8B" class="mw-redirect" title="ᵋ">ᵋ</a></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;"><span class=""><a href="/wiki/%CA%B0" class="mw-redirect" title="ʰ">ʰ</a></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;"><span class=""><a href="/wiki/%E2%81%B1" class="mw-redirect" title="ⁱ">ⁱ</a></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;"><span class=""><a href="/wiki/%E1%B6%A4" class="mw-redirect" title="ᶤ">ᶤ</a></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;"><span class=""><a href="/wiki/%E2%81%BF" class="mw-redirect" title="ⁿ">ⁿ</a></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;"><span class=""><a href="/wiki/%E1%B5%92" class="mw-redirect" title="ᵒ">ᵒ</a></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;"><span class=""><a href="/wiki/%E1%B5%93" class="mw-redirect" title="ᵓ">ᵓ</a></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;"><span class=""><a href="/wiki/%E1%B5%98" class="mw-redirect" title="ᵘ">ᵘ</a></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;"><span class=""><a href="/wiki/%E1%B6%B6" class="mw-redirect" title="ᶶ">ᶶ</a></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;"><span class=""><a href="/wiki/%E1%B5%9B" class="mw-redirect" title="ᵛ">ᵛ</a></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;"><span class=""><a href="/wiki/%CA%B7" class="mw-redirect" title="ʷ">ʷ</a></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;"><span class=""><a href="/wiki/%CA%B8" class="mw-redirect" title="ʸ">ʸ</a></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;"><span class=""><a href="/wiki/%E1%B6%BB" class="mw-redirect" title="ᶻ">ᶻ</a></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;"><span class=""><a href="/wiki/%E1%B6%BF" class="mw-redirect" title="ᶿ">ᶿ</a></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;"><span class=""><a href="/wiki/%EA%9C%A2" class="mw-redirect" title="Ꜣ">Ꜣ ꜣ</a></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;"><span class=""><a href="/wiki/%EA%9C%A4" class="mw-redirect" title="Ꜥ">Ꜥ ꜥ</a></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;"><span class=""><a href="/wiki/3_(letter)" class="mw-redirect" title="3 (letter)">3</a></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;"><span class=""><a href="/wiki/Tresillo_(letter)" title="Tresillo (letter)">Ꜫ ꜫ</a></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;"><span class=""><a href="/wiki/Cuatrillo" title="Cuatrillo">Ꜭ ꜭ</a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;"><span class=""><a href="/wiki/7_(letter)" class="mw-redirect" title="7 (letter)">7</a></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;"><span class=""><a href="/wiki/%E2%81%B7" class="mw-redirect" title="⁷">⁷</a></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;"><span class=""></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;"><span class=""></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;"><span class=""></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;"><span class=""></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;"><span class=""></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;"><span class=""></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;"><span class=""></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;"><span class=""></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;"><span class=""></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;"><span class=""></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;"><span class=""></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;"><span class=""></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;"><span class=""></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;"><span class=""></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;"><span class=""></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;"><span class=""></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;"><span class=""></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;"><span class=""></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;"><span class=""></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;"><span class=""></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;"><span class=""></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;"><span class=""></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;"><span class=""></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;"><span class=""></span> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="26"><div style="width:100%; background:#e0e0e0;; text-align:center;">Letter Q with <a href="/wiki/Diacritic" title="Diacritic">diacritics</a></div> </th></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;"><span class="nounderlines"><a href="/wiki/Q_with_stroke" title="Q with stroke">Ꝗꝗ</a></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;"><span class="nounderlines"><a href="/wiki/%EA%9D%98" class="mw-redirect" title="Ꝙ">Ꝙꝙ</a></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;"><span class="nounderlines"><a href="/wiki/%C9%8A" class="mw-redirect" title="Ɋ">ɋ</a></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;"><span class="nounderlines"><a href="/wiki/%CA%A0" class="mw-redirect" title="ʠ">ʠ</a></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;"><span class="nounderlines"></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;"><span class="nounderlines"></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;"><span class="nounderlines"></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;"><span class="nounderlines"></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;"><span class="nounderlines"></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;"><span class="nounderlines"></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;"><span class="nounderlines"></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;"><span class="nounderlines"></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;"><span class="nounderlines"></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;"><span class="nounderlines"></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;"><span class="nounderlines"></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;"><span class="nounderlines"></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;"><span class="nounderlines"></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;"><span class="nounderlines"></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;"><span class="nounderlines"></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;"><span class="nounderlines"></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;"><span class="nounderlines"></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;"><span class="nounderlines"></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;"><span class="nounderlines"></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;"><span class="nounderlines"></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;"><span class="nounderlines"></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;"><span class="nounderlines"></span> </td></tr> </tbody></table> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Latin-script_multigraph" title="Latin-script multigraph">Multigraphs</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Latin-script_digraphs" title="List of Latin-script digraphs">Digraphs</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ch_(digraph)" title="Ch (digraph)">Ch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dz_(digraph)" title="Dz (digraph)">Dz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/D%C5%BE" title="Dž">Dž</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gh_(digraph)" title="Gh (digraph)">Gh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IJ_(digraph)" title="IJ (digraph)">IJ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lj_(digraph)" title="Lj (digraph)">Lj</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ll" title="Ll">Ll</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hungarian_ly" title="Hungarian ly">Ly</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nh_(digraph)" title="Nh (digraph)">Nh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nj_(digraph)" title="Nj (digraph)">Nj</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ny_(digraph)" title="Ny (digraph)">Ny</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sh_(digraph)" title="Sh (digraph)">Sh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sz_(digraph)" title="Sz (digraph)">Sz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Th_(digraph)" title="Th (digraph)">Th</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Latin-script_trigraphs" title="List of Latin-script trigraphs">Trigraphs</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hungarian_dzs" class="mw-redirect" title="Hungarian dzs">dzs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eau_(trigraph)" title="Eau (trigraph)">eau</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Latin-script_tetragraphs" title="List of Latin-script tetragraphs">Tetragraphs</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ough_(orthography)" title="Ough (orthography)">ough</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Latin-script_pentagraphs" title="List of Latin-script pentagraphs">Pentagraphs</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Tzsch" class="mw-redirect" title="Tzsch">tzsch</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Keyboard layouts (<a href="/wiki/List_of_Latin-script_keyboard_layouts" title="List of Latin-script keyboard layouts">list</a>)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/QWERTY" title="QWERTY">QWERTY</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/QWERTZ" title="QWERTZ">QWERTZ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AZERTY" title="AZERTY">AZERTY</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dvorak_keyboard_layout" title="Dvorak keyboard layout">Dvorak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Colemak" title="Colemak">Colemak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/B%C3%89PO" title="BÉPO">BÉPO</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neo_(keyboard_layout)" title="Neo (keyboard layout)">Neo</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Historical Standards</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/ISO/IEC_646" title="ISO/IEC 646">ISO/IEC 646</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Western_Latin_character_sets_(computing)" title="Western Latin character sets (computing)">Western Latin character sets</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Current Standards</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Latin_script_in_Unicode" title="Latin script in Unicode">Unicode</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/DIN_91379" title="DIN 91379">DIN 91379: Unicode subset for Europe</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Lists</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_precomposed_Latin_characters_in_Unicode" title="List of precomposed Latin characters in Unicode">Precomposed Latin characters in Unicode</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Latin_letters_used_in_mathematics" class="mw-redirect" title="Latin letters used in mathematics">Letters used in mathematics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_typographical_symbols_and_punctuation_marks" title="List of typographical symbols and punctuation marks">List of typographical symbols and punctuation marks</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Diacritic" title="Diacritic">Diacritics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palaeography" title="Palaeography">Palaeography</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img 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mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-history mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-history"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only mw-watchlink" id="ca-watchstar-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="watch-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-star mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-star"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-edit-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="wikitext-edit-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikiText mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-wikiText"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-ve-edit-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="ve-edit-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-edit mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-edit"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-viewsource-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="ve-edit-protected-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-editLock mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-editLock"></span> <span></span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-header-buttons"> <button class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet mw-interlanguage-selector" id="p-lang-btn-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-language"></span> <span>139 languages</span> </button> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive" id="ca-addsection-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="addsection-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-speechBubbleAdd-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-speechBubbleAdd-progressive"></span> <span>Add topic</span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-header-icon-end"> <div class="vector-user-links"> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="mw-portlet mw-portlet-dock-bottom emptyPortlet" id="p-dock-bottom"> <ul> </ul> </div> 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