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Through reviewing newspaper reports and analyzing some government statements, and other secondary sources, the paper builds around an increasingly important set of literature on neoliberal global order and its forging of global connections and import in the global south.","author":[{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"Person","name":"Mahmudul H Sumon"}],"contributor":[],"dateCreated":"2021-01-28","dateModified":"2021-01-28","datePublished":"2020-01-01","headline":"Multi-sectoral Initiative: A critical overview of the Accord in Bangladesh","inLanguage":"en","keywords":["Global Production Networks","Ready-made garment Industry","GPN"],"locationCreated":null,"publication":"The Jahangirnagar University Journal of Business 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window.loswp.shouldShowBulkDownload = true; window.loswp.showSignupCaptcha = false window.loswp.willEdgeCache = false; window.loswp.work = {"work":{"id":45003204,"created_at":"2021-01-28T23:27:49.067-08:00","from_world_paper_id":null,"updated_at":"2021-03-09T01:43:36.792-08:00","_data":{"doi":"10.1177/0019793920925424","abstract":"The paper discusses how a key post-Tazreen/ Rana Plaza initiative, namely the Accord on Fire and Building Safety in Bangladesh (Accord), a transnational/ multisectoral initiative meant to address worker's health and safety at the Ready-Made Garments industry has gone into a transformation and nationalized in Bangladesh. The transformation indicates not only friction between the Accord and the local business elite but also a clear collaboration between the government and the local business elite when it comes to questions of governance of Bangladesh's garments sector. Through reviewing newspaper reports and analyzing some government statements, and other secondary sources, the paper builds around an increasingly important set of literature on neoliberal global order and its forging of global connections and import in the global south.","publication_date":"2020,,","publication_name":"The Jahangirnagar University Journal of Business Research"},"document_type":"other","pre_hit_view_count_baseline":null,"quality":"high","language":"en","title":"Multi-sectoral Initiative: A critical overview of the Accord in Bangladesh","broadcastable":true,"draft":false,"has_indexable_attachment":true,"indexable":true}}["work"]; window.loswp.workCoauthors = [228128]; window.loswp.locale = "en"; window.loswp.countryCode = "SG"; window.loswp.cwvAbTestBucket = ""; window.loswp.designVariant = "ds_vanilla"; window.loswp.fullPageMobileSutdModalVariant = "full_page_mobile_sutd_modal"; window.loswp.useOptimizedScribd4genScript = false; window.loswp.appleClientId = 'edu.academia.applesignon';</script><script defer="" src="https://accounts.google.com/gsi/client"></script><div class="ds-loswp-container"><div class="ds-work-card--grid-container"><div class="ds-work-card--container js-loswp-work-card"><div class="ds-work-card--cover"><div class="ds-work-cover--wrapper"><div class="ds-work-cover--container"><button class="ds-work-cover--clickable js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"swp-splash-paper-cover","attachmentId":65547508,"attachmentType":"pdf"}"><img alt="First page of “Multi-sectoral Initiative: A critical overview of the Accord in Bangladesh”" class="ds-work-cover--cover-thumbnail" src="https://0.academia-photos.com/attachment_thumbnails/65547508/mini_magick20210129-32675-16b9yve.png?1611909251" /><img alt="PDF Icon" class="ds-work-cover--file-icon" src="//a.academia-assets.com/assets/single_work_splash/adobe.icon-574afd46eb6b03a77a153a647fb47e30546f9215c0ee6a25df597a779717f9ef.svg" /><div class="ds-work-cover--hover-container"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">download</span><p>Download Free PDF</p></div><div class="ds-work-cover--ribbon-container">Download Free PDF</div><div class="ds-work-cover--ribbon-triangle"></div></button></div></div></div><div class="ds-work-card--work-information"><h1 class="ds-work-card--work-title">Multi-sectoral Initiative: A critical overview of the Accord in Bangladesh</h1><div class="ds-work-card--work-authors ds-work-card--detail"><a class="ds-work-card--author js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="228128" href="https://juniv.academia.edu/MahmudulSumon"><img alt="Profile image of Mahmudul H Sumon" class="ds-work-card--author-avatar" src="https://0.academia-photos.com/228128/50764/105336441/s65_mahmudul.sumon.jpg" />Mahmudul H Sumon</a></div><div class="ds-work-card--detail"><p class="ds-work-card--detail ds2-5-body-sm">2020, The Jahangirnagar University Journal of Business Research</p><a class="js-loswp-work-card-doi-link ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" href="https://doi.org/10.1177/0019793920925424" rel="nofollow">https://doi.org/10.1177/0019793920925424</a><div class="ds-work-card--work-metadata"><div class="ds-work-card--work-metadata__stat"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">visibility</span><p class="ds2-5-body-sm" id="work-metadata-view-count">…</p></div><div class="ds-work-card--work-metadata__stat"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">description</span><p class="ds2-5-body-sm">11 pages</p></div><div class="ds-work-card--work-metadata__stat"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">link</span><p class="ds2-5-body-sm">1 file</p></div></div><script>(async () => { const workId = 45003204; const worksViewsPath = "/v0/works/views?subdomain_param=api&work_ids%5B%5D=45003204"; const getWorkViews = async (workId) => { const response = await fetch(worksViewsPath); if (!response.ok) { throw new Error('Failed to load work views'); } const data = await response.json(); return data.views[workId]; }; // Get the view count for the work - we send this immediately rather than waiting for // the DOM to load, so it can be available as soon as possible (but without holding up // the backend or other resource requests, because it's a bit expensive and not critical). const viewCount = await getWorkViews(workId); const updateViewCount = (viewCount) => { const viewCountNumber = Number(viewCount); if (!viewCountNumber) { throw new Error('Failed to parse view count'); } const commaizedViewCount = viewCountNumber.toLocaleString(); const viewCountBody = document.getElementById('work-metadata-view-count'); if (viewCountBody) { viewCountBody.textContent = `${commaizedViewCount} views`; } else { throw new Error('Failed to find work views element'); } }; // If the DOM is still loading, wait for it to be ready before updating the view count. if (document.readyState === "loading") { document.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', () => { updateViewCount(viewCount); }); // Otherwise, just update it immediately. } else { updateViewCount(viewCount); } })();</script></div><p class="ds-work-card--work-abstract ds-work-card--detail ds2-5-body-md">The paper discusses how a key post-Tazreen/ Rana Plaza initiative, namely the Accord on Fire and Building Safety in Bangladesh (Accord), a transnational/ multisectoral initiative meant to address worker's health and safety at the Ready-Made Garments industry has gone into a transformation and nationalized in Bangladesh. The transformation indicates not only friction between the Accord and the local business elite but also a clear collaboration between the government and the local business elite when it comes to questions of governance of Bangladesh's garments sector. Through reviewing newspaper reports and analyzing some government statements, and other secondary sources, the paper builds around an increasingly important set of literature on neoliberal global order and its forging of global connections and import in the global south.</p><div class="ds-work-card--button-container"><button class="ds2-5-button js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"continue-reading-button--work-card","attachmentId":65547508,"attachmentType":"pdf","workUrl":"https://www.academia.edu/45003204/Multi_sectoral_Initiative_A_critical_overview_of_the_Accord_in_Bangladesh"}">See full PDF</button><button class="ds2-5-button ds2-5-button--secondary js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"download-pdf-button--work-card","attachmentId":65547508,"attachmentType":"pdf","workUrl":"https://www.academia.edu/45003204/Multi_sectoral_Initiative_A_critical_overview_of_the_Accord_in_Bangladesh"}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">download</span>Download PDF</button></div></div></div></div><div data-auto_select="false" data-client_id="331998490334-rsn3chp12mbkiqhl6e7lu2q0mlbu0f1b" data-doc_id="65547508" data-landing_url="https://www.academia.edu/45003204/Multi_sectoral_Initiative_A_critical_overview_of_the_Accord_in_Bangladesh" data-login_uri="https://www.academia.edu/registrations/google_one_tap" data-moment_callback="onGoogleOneTapEvent" id="g_id_onload"></div><div class="ds-top-related-works--grid-container"><div class="ds-related-content--container ds-top-related-works--container"><h2 class="ds-related-content--heading">Related papers</h2><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="0" data-entity-id="86686867" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/86686867/What_do_we_learn_from_hybrid_governance_in_Bangladesh_s_garments_sector">What do we learn from hybrid governance in Bangladesh’s garments sector</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="228128" href="https://juniv.academia.edu/MahmudulSumon">Mahmudul H Sumon</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">FocaalBlog, 2022</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"What do we learn from hybrid governance in Bangladesh’s garments sector","attachmentId":91081927,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/86686867/What_do_we_learn_from_hybrid_governance_in_Bangladesh_s_garments_sector","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/86686867/What_do_we_learn_from_hybrid_governance_in_Bangladesh_s_garments_sector"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="1" data-entity-id="17271190" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/17271190/Safety_and_labour_conditions_the_accord_and_the_national_tripartite_plan_of_action_for_the_garment_industry_in_Bangladesh">Safety and labour conditions: the accord and the national tripartite plan of action for the garment industry in Bangladesh</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="10110948" href="https://uni-kassel.academia.edu/ChristaWichterich">Christa Wichterich</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">The factory fire at Tazreen Fashions in 2012 and the collapse of the Rana Plaza in 2013 generated a huge outcry about the working conditions and labour relations in the Readymade Garment (RMG) industry in Bangladesh, and led to the adoption of the multi-stakeholder agreements Accord on Fire and Building Safety in Bangladesh (Accord) at the international level and the National Tripartite Plan of Action (NTPA) at the domestic level. This paper investigates how the Accord and the NTPA have been implemented in the first two years after their adoption, whether they have contributed to an overall improvement in safety and labour conditions as well as to organizing in the RMG sector, and whether they can be considered as a “major breakthrough” and “game changer”. The empirical research highlights the scope and limitations of the coverage of the two agreements. The findings indicate that after an initially good take-off, the activities lost pace and intensity and the remediation came almost to a standstill. The main assumption of the analysis of the Accord and NTPA implementation is that this process, its pace, results and constraints are consequences of the underlying power structures of the transnational apparel chains and the actual imbalance of power among the stakeholders.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Safety and labour conditions: the accord and the national tripartite plan of action for the garment industry in Bangladesh","attachmentId":39409626,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/17271190/Safety_and_labour_conditions_the_accord_and_the_national_tripartite_plan_of_action_for_the_garment_industry_in_Bangladesh","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/17271190/Safety_and_labour_conditions_the_accord_and_the_national_tripartite_plan_of_action_for_the_garment_industry_in_Bangladesh"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="2" data-entity-id="66672682" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/66672682/The_Legacy_of_Rana_Plaza_Improving_Labour_and_Social_Standards_in_Bangladesh_s_Apparel_Industry">The Legacy of Rana Plaza: Improving Labour and Social Standards in Bangladesh’s Apparel Industry</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="115613477" href="https://independent.academia.edu/DrKhondakerGolamMoazzem">Dr. Khondaker Golam Moazzem</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">2017</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">This chapter examines the system of compliance assurance prior to the Rana Plaza tragedy regarding arrangements for the safety of workers, workplace environment, enforcement of labour laws and workers’ rights, minimum wages, regulatory systems and institutional oversight. We review the various initiatives involving the government of Bangladesh, major buyers, business associations and the International Labour Organization (ILO), as part of the Accord, Alliance and the Tripartite agreement. We assess the new institutional set-up and enforcement mechanisms. We take the view that for this newly emerging governance architecture to be sustainable and replicable, fiscal and financial support to enterprises must be provided. Developing domestic capacities concerning technical aspects of compliance assurance and putting in place institutional mechanisms for enforcement of labour and social standards are also required. To ensure sustainability of the ongoing measures, particularly after the A...</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"The Legacy of Rana Plaza: Improving Labour and Social Standards in Bangladesh’s Apparel Industry","attachmentId":77773253,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/66672682/The_Legacy_of_Rana_Plaza_Improving_Labour_and_Social_Standards_in_Bangladesh_s_Apparel_Industry","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/66672682/The_Legacy_of_Rana_Plaza_Improving_Labour_and_Social_Standards_in_Bangladesh_s_Apparel_Industry"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="3" data-entity-id="56997647" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/56997647/The_Political_Economy_of_Private_and_Public_Regulation_in_Post_Rana_Plaza_Bangladesh">The Political Economy of Private and Public Regulation in Post-Rana Plaza Bangladesh</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="37980986" href="https://independent.academia.edu/JeremyBlasi">Jeremy Blasi</a><span>, </span><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="34301240" href="https://virginia.academia.edu/JenniferBair">Jennifer Bair</a><span>, </span><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="32131355" href="https://independent.academia.edu/MarkAnner">Mark Anner</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">ILR Review</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">How do public and private labor governance regimes intersect in global supply chains and with what effects? 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Rather than being an example of complementarity between private and public governance, or an effective substitution of one by the other, post-Rana Plaza Bangladesh represents an undermining of effective priva...</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"The Political Economy of Private and Public Regulation in Post-Rana Plaza Bangladesh","attachmentId":72109581,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/56997647/The_Political_Economy_of_Private_and_Public_Regulation_in_Post_Rana_Plaza_Bangladesh","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/56997647/The_Political_Economy_of_Private_and_Public_Regulation_in_Post_Rana_Plaza_Bangladesh"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="4" data-entity-id="122619694" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/122619694/International_political_economy_civil_society_and_labour_relations_in_Bangladesh_the_case_of_the_ready_made_garments_industry">International political economy, civil society and labour relations in Bangladesh: the case of the ready-made garments industry</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="306649094" href="https://independent.academia.edu/KaziMahmudurRahman4">Kazi Mahmudur Rahman</a></div><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"International political economy, civil society and labour relations in Bangladesh: the case of the ready-made garments industry","attachmentId":117251132,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/122619694/International_political_economy_civil_society_and_labour_relations_in_Bangladesh_the_case_of_the_ready_made_garments_industry","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/122619694/International_political_economy_civil_society_and_labour_relations_in_Bangladesh_the_case_of_the_ready_made_garments_industry"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="5" data-entity-id="29437493" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/29437493/Threes_a_Crowd_the_tripartite_political_economic_dynamics_behind_the_Bangladesh_Accord_and_Alliance">Three's a Crowd: the tripartite political economic dynamics behind the Bangladesh Accord and Alliance</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="1909380" href="https://mcgill.academia.edu/AngelaKalyta">Angela Kalyta</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">How do the CSR activities of transnational companies effect the institutional development of the developing countries they source from? This paper argues that the welfare institutions built by transnational companies in industrializing countries are shaped by the interaction between political economic dynamics of their home and their host countries. Using a Varieties of Capitalism (Hall & Soskice 2001) perspective, I will demonstrate how Liberal institutions shaped the “North-American” Alliance for Bangladesh Worker Safety, and a combination of Coordinated institutions in Europe and Bangladesh created an unprecedented opportunity for coordinated CSR: the “European” Accord on Building and Factory Safety in Bangladesh, a widely adopted and binding transnational union agreement. I will conclude with a discussion of the barriers to corporatism experienced by the Accord and the surprising coordination between the transnational apparel brands and unions against factory owners to consider the challenges that transnational coordination poses to the traditional social partners when they expand into transnational, vertically disintegrated supply chains. This is not simply a case of companies exporting their institutional models. Real adjustments must be made for the traditional bipartite model to incorporate a new third actor, the local factory manager, who often comes with corrupt ties to the host government. As the first widely adopted coordinated CSR program in apparel, the way the Accord does or does not find a way to foster coordination with this new social partner will have a large impact on the perceived viability of this institutional experiment in public/private governance.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Three's a Crowd: the tripartite political economic dynamics behind the Bangladesh Accord and Alliance","attachmentId":49884170,"attachmentType":"docx","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/29437493/Threes_a_Crowd_the_tripartite_political_economic_dynamics_behind_the_Bangladesh_Accord_and_Alliance","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/29437493/Threes_a_Crowd_the_tripartite_political_economic_dynamics_behind_the_Bangladesh_Accord_and_Alliance"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="6" data-entity-id="48770471" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/48770471/Contested_compliance_regimes_in_global_production_networks_Insights_from_the_Bangladesh_garment_industry">Contested compliance regimes in global production networks: Insights from the Bangladesh garment industry</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="25472999" href="https://massey.academia.edu/FahreenAlamgir">Fahreen Alamgir</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Human Relations</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Contested compliance regimes in global production networks: Insights from the Bangladesh garment industry","attachmentId":67213608,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/48770471/Contested_compliance_regimes_in_global_production_networks_Insights_from_the_Bangladesh_garment_industry","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/48770471/Contested_compliance_regimes_in_global_production_networks_Insights_from_the_Bangladesh_garment_industry"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="7" data-entity-id="38154126" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/38154126/Beyond_factory_safety_labor_unions_militant_protest_and_the_accelerated_ambitions_of_Bangladesh_s_export_garment_industry">Beyond factory safety: labor unions, militant protest, and the accelerated ambitions of Bangladesh’s export garment industry</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="959250" href="https://juniv.academia.edu/HasanAshraf">Hasan Ashraf</a><span>, </span><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="584409" href="https://sussex.academia.edu/RebeccaPrentice">Rebecca Prentice</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Dialectic Anthropology , 2019</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">This article explores the relationship between labor unions and labor precarity in Bangladesh’s garment industry. After a string of high-profile factory disasters—including the 2013 collapse of the Rana Plaza garment factory building—Bangladeshi labor unions have played a central role in new global initiatives to improve factory safety. These initiatives have provided an opportunity for unions to influence the governance of labor standards in a context of low levels of factory unionization. We argue that such global initiatives have deepened an existing divide between the conciliatory stance of mainstream, politically connected Bangladeshi unions and workers’ more radical responses to precarity. Militant protests have advanced workers’ interests historically, but are increasingly delegitimized and subject to violent crackdowns. This article contributes to our understanding of the fraught relationship between precarious workers and traditional labor unions by showing that when unions devote themselves to the technocratic improvement of labor standards without confronting the structural conditions of precarity itself, workers can be made more vulnerable—a situation that becomes heightened in a context of fast industrial expansion.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Beyond factory safety: labor unions, militant protest, and the accelerated ambitions of Bangladesh’s export garment industry","attachmentId":58187396,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/38154126/Beyond_factory_safety_labor_unions_militant_protest_and_the_accelerated_ambitions_of_Bangladesh_s_export_garment_industry","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/38154126/Beyond_factory_safety_labor_unions_militant_protest_and_the_accelerated_ambitions_of_Bangladesh_s_export_garment_industry"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="8" data-entity-id="69942684" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/69942684/Safety_and_labour_conditions_the_accord_and_the_national_tripartite_plan_of_action_for_the_garment_industry_of_Bangladesh">Safety and labour conditions: the accord and the national tripartite plan of action for the garment industry of Bangladesh</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="137632356" href="https://independent.academia.edu/MohdRaisulIslamKhan">Mohd Raisul Islam Khan</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">2015</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">Investigates how the Accord on Fire and Building Safety in Bangladesh (Accord) at the international level and the National Tripartite Plan of Action (NTPA) at the domestic level have been implemented in the first two years after their adoption, whether they have contributed to an overall improvement in safety and labour conditions.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Safety and labour conditions: the accord and the national tripartite plan of action for the garment industry of Bangladesh","attachmentId":79848393,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/69942684/Safety_and_labour_conditions_the_accord_and_the_national_tripartite_plan_of_action_for_the_garment_industry_of_Bangladesh","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/69942684/Safety_and_labour_conditions_the_accord_and_the_national_tripartite_plan_of_action_for_the_garment_industry_of_Bangladesh"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="9" data-entity-id="83578094" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/83578094/Rethinking_Post_Rana_Plaza_Transnational_Labour_Governance">Rethinking Post-Rana Plaza Transnational Labour Governance</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="216718919" href="https://independent.academia.edu/ZobaidaKhan">Zobaida Khan</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Western Journal of Legal Studies, 2020</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">This Article critically analyzes a number of innovative initiatives that had been taken to ensure the safety of ready-made garment (RMG) factory workers in Bangladesh and proposes ideas about transnational labour governance. After the collapse of the Rana Plaza factory in Dhaka, Bangladesh, these transnational safety initiatives (TSIs) offered a promising way to address some of the adverse distributional effects of the globalized forms of production by engaging a myriad of forces, such as the International Labour Organization (ILO), the national government, corporate brands/retailers, and international and national trade unions. Despite broad commitments to address an urgent regulatory issue like labour safety, this Article shows how these governance mechanisms, which attempted to link labour governance with trade/economic arrangements, uphold the existing narrow conceptualizations of labour right and labour issues. Utilizing insights from different disciplines, i.e. labour law, hum...</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Rethinking Post-Rana Plaza Transnational Labour Governance","attachmentId":88876383,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/83578094/Rethinking_Post_Rana_Plaza_Transnational_Labour_Governance","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/83578094/Rethinking_Post_Rana_Plaza_Transnational_Labour_Governance"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div></div></div><div class="ds-sticky-ctas--wrapper js-loswp-sticky-ctas hidden"><div class="ds-sticky-ctas--grid-container"><div class="ds-sticky-ctas--container"><button class="ds2-5-button js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"continue-reading-button--sticky-ctas","attachmentId":65547508,"attachmentType":"pdf","workUrl":null}">See full PDF</button><button class="ds2-5-button ds2-5-button--secondary js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"download-pdf-button--sticky-ctas","attachmentId":65547508,"attachmentType":"pdf","workUrl":null}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">download</span>Download PDF</button></div></div></div><div class="ds-below-fold--grid-container"><div class="ds-work--container js-loswp-embedded-document"><div class="attachment_preview" data-attachment="Attachment_65547508" style="display: none"><div class="js-scribd-document-container"><div class="scribd--document-loading js-scribd-document-loader" style="display: block;"><img alt="Loading..." src="//a.academia-assets.com/images/loaders/paper-load.gif" /><p>Loading Preview</p></div></div><div style="text-align: center;"><div class="scribd--no-preview-alert js-preview-unavailable"><p>Sorry, preview is currently unavailable. You can download the paper by clicking the button above.</p></div></div></div></div><div class="ds-sidebar--container js-work-sidebar"><div class="ds-related-content--container"><h2 class="ds-related-content--heading">Related papers</h2><div class="ds-related-work--container js-related-work-sidebar-card" data-collection-position="0" data-entity-id="60484077" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-related-work-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/60484077/The_Accord_for_Fire_and_Building_Safety_in_Bangladesh_in_response_to_the_Rana_Plaza_disaster">The ‘Accord for Fire and Building Safety in Bangladesh’ in response to the Rana Plaza disaster</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-related-work-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="137775018" href="https://independent.academia.edu/Donaghey">Jimmy Donaghey</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Global Governance of 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data-entity-id="39012226" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-related-work-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/39012226/_They_don_t_give_us_Garments_workers_rights_in_Bangladesh">“They don’t give us” - Garments workers’ rights in Bangladesh</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-related-work-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="228128" href="https://juniv.academia.edu/MahmudulSumon">Mahmudul H Sumon</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Star Weekend, 2019</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"“They don’t give us” - Garments workers’ rights in Bangladesh","attachmentId":59121126,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/39012226/_They_don_t_give_us_Garments_workers_rights_in_Bangladesh","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-related-work-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/39012226/_They_don_t_give_us_Garments_workers_rights_in_Bangladesh"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-related-work-sidebar-card" data-collection-position="3" data-entity-id="104339607" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-related-work-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/104339607/Accord_on_Fire_and_Building_Safety_in_Bangladesh_A_Breakthrough_Agreement">Accord on “Fire and Building Safety in Bangladesh”: A Breakthrough Agreement?</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-related-work-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="274458107" href="https://independent.academia.edu/ZillurRahman247">Zillur Rahman</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Nordic Journal of Working Life Studies, 2014</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Accord on “Fire and Building Safety in Bangladesh”: A Breakthrough Agreement?","attachmentId":104096774,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/104339607/Accord_on_Fire_and_Building_Safety_in_Bangladesh_A_Breakthrough_Agreement","alternativeTracking":true}"><span 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ds2-5-text-link--inline js-related-work-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/54382507/Effects_of_Neoliberal_Globalization_on_Readymade_Garment_Industry_of_Bangladesh"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-related-work-sidebar-card" data-collection-position="5" data-entity-id="35828791" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-related-work-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/35828791/9_Beyond_Building_Safety_An_Ethnographic_Account_of_Health_and_Well_Being_on_the_Bangladesh_Garment_Shop_Floor_Health_and_Safety_of_the_Worlds_Garment_Workers">9. 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