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[r]" accesskey="r"><span>Perubahan terbaru</span></a></li><li id="n-Artikel-pilihan" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Artikel_pilihan/Topik"><span>Artikel pilihan</span></a></li><li id="n-currentevents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Peristiwa_terkini" title="Temukan informasi tentang peristiwa terkini"><span>Peristiwa terkini</span></a></li><li id="n-newpage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Halaman_baru"><span>Halaman baru</span></a></li><li id="n-randompage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Halaman_sembarang" title="Tampilkan sembarang halaman [x]" accesskey="x"><span>Halaman sembarang</span></a></li><li id="n-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Halaman_istimewa"><span>Halaman istimewa</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-Komunitas" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-Komunitas" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Komunitas </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-Warung-Kopi" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Warung_Kopi"><span>Warung Kopi</span></a></li><li id="n-portal" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Komunitas" title="Tentang proyek, apa yang dapat Anda lakukan, di mana untuk mencari sesuatu"><span>Portal komunitas</span></a></li><li id="n-help" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Isi" title="Tempat mencari bantuan."><span>Bantuan</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-Wikipedia" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-Wikipedia" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Wikipedia </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-aboutsite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Perihal"><span>Tentang Wikipedia</span></a></li><li id="n-Pancapilar" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Pancapilar"><span>Pancapilar</span></a></li><li id="n-Kebijakan" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Kebijakan_dan_pedoman"><span>Kebijakan</span></a></li><li id="n-Hubungi-kami" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Hubungi_kami"><span>Hubungi kami</span></a></li><li id="n-Bak-pasir" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Bak_pasir"><span>Bak pasir</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-Bagikan" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-Bagikan emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Bagikan </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <a href="/wiki/Halaman_Utama" class="mw-logo"> <img class="mw-logo-icon" src="/static/images/icons/wikipedia.png" alt="" aria-hidden="true" height="50" width="50"> <span class="mw-logo-container skin-invert"> <img class="mw-logo-wordmark" alt="Wikipedia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-en.svg" style="width: 7.5em; 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[o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Masuk log</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Opsi lainnya" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Perkakas pribadi" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Perkakas pribadi</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="Menu pengguna" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/?wmf_source=donate&wmf_medium=sidebar&wmf_campaign=id.wikipedia.org&uselang=id"><span>Menyumbang</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Istimewa:Buat_akun&returnto=Mesir" title="Anda dianjurkan untuk membuat akun dan masuk log; meskipun, hal itu tidak diwajibkan"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>Buat akun baru</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Istimewa:Masuk_log&returnto=Mesir" title="Anda disarankan untuk masuk log, meskipun hal itu tidak diwajibkan. [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Masuk log</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Halaman penyunting yang telah keluar log <a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Pengantar" aria-label="Pelajari lebih lanjut tentang menyunting"><span>pelajari lebih lanjut</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Kontribusi_saya" title="Daftar suntingan yang dibuat dari alamat IP ini [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Kontribusi</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Pembicaraan_saya" title="Pembicaraan tentang suntingan dari alamat IP ini [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Pembicaraan</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Situs"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Daftar isi" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Daftar isi</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">pindah ke bilah sisi</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">sembunyikan</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Awal</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Etimologi" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Etimologi"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Etimologi</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Etimologi-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sejarah" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sejarah"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Sejarah</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Sejarah-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Gulingkan subbagian Sejarah</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Sejarah-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Mesir_kuno" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Mesir_kuno"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Mesir kuno</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Mesir_kuno-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Mesir_Arab_dan_Utsmaniyah" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Mesir_Arab_dan_Utsmaniyah"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>Mesir Arab dan Utsmaniyah</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Mesir_Arab_dan_Utsmaniyah-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Geografi" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Geografi"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Geografi</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Geografi-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Politik" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Politik"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Politik</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Politik-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Gulingkan subbagian Politik</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Politik-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Pembagian_administratif" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Pembagian_administratif"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span>Pembagian administratif</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Pembagian_administratif-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Ekonomi" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ekonomi"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Ekonomi</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Ekonomi-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Gulingkan subbagian Ekonomi</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Ekonomi-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Pariwisata" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Pariwisata"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.1</span> <span>Pariwisata</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Pariwisata-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Energi" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Energi"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.2</span> <span>Energi</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Energi-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Demografi" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Demografi"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Demografi</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Demografi-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Gulingkan subbagian Demografi</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Demografi-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Agama" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Agama"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.1</span> <span>Agama</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Agama-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Pendidikan" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Pendidikan"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.2</span> <span>Pendidikan</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Pendidikan-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Telekomunikasi" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Telekomunikasi"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Telekomunikasi</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Telekomunikasi-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Gulingkan subbagian Telekomunikasi</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Telekomunikasi-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Pos" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Pos"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.1</span> <span>Pos</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Pos-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Media_sosial" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Media_sosial"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.2</span> <span>Media sosial</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Media_sosial-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Budaya" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Budaya"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Budaya</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Budaya-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Gulingkan subbagian Budaya</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Budaya-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Sastra" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sastra"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8.1</span> <span>Sastra</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sastra-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Lihat_pula" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Lihat_pula"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>Lihat pula</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Lihat_pula-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Referensi" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Referensi"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>Referensi</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Referensi-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Pranala_luar" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Pranala_luar"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>Pranala luar</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Pranala_luar-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Daftar isi" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Daftar Isi" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Gulingkan daftar isi" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Gulingkan daftar isi</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Mesir</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Pergi ke artikel dalam bahasa lain. Terdapat 299 bahasa" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-299" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">299 bahasa</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ab mw-list-item"><a href="https://ab.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D1%81%D1%8B%D1%80" title="Мсыр – Abkhaz" lang="ab" hreflang="ab" data-title="Мсыр" data-language-autonym="Аԥсшәа" data-language-local-name="Abkhaz" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Аԥсшәа</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ace mw-list-item"><a href="https://ace.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meus%C3%A9" title="Meusé – Aceh" lang="ace" hreflang="ace" data-title="Meusé" data-language-autonym="Acèh" data-language-local-name="Aceh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Acèh</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ady mw-list-item"><a href="https://ady.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D1%8B%D1%81%D1%8B%D1%80" title="Мысыр – Adygei" lang="ady" hreflang="ady" data-title="Мысыр" data-language-autonym="Адыгабзэ" data-language-local-name="Adygei" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Адыгабзэ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Egipte" title="Egipte – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Egipte" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%84gypten" title="Ägypten – Jerman (Swiss)" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Ägypten" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="Jerman (Swiss)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-am mw-list-item"><a href="https://am.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%8C%8D%E1%89%A5%E1%8D%85" title="ግብፅ – Amharik" lang="am" hreflang="am" data-title="ግብፅ" data-language-autonym="አማርኛ" data-language-local-name="Amharik" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>አማርኛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ami mw-list-item"><a href="https://ami.wikipedia.org/wiki/Egypt" title="Egypt – Amis" lang="ami" hreflang="ami" data-title="Egypt" data-language-autonym="Pangcah" data-language-local-name="Amis" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Pangcah</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Echipto" title="Echipto – Aragon" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Echipto" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="Aragon" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ang mw-list-item"><a href="https://ang.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%86gypt" title="Ægypt – Inggris Kuno" lang="ang" hreflang="ang" data-title="Ægypt" data-language-autonym="Ænglisc" data-language-local-name="Inggris Kuno" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ænglisc</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ann mw-list-item"><a href="https://ann.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ijipiti" title="Ijipiti – Obolo" lang="ann" hreflang="ann" data-title="Ijipiti" data-language-autonym="Obolo" data-language-local-name="Obolo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Obolo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-anp mw-list-item"><a href="https://anp.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0" title="मिस्र – Angika" lang="anp" hreflang="anp" data-title="मिस्र" data-language-autonym="अंगिका" data-language-local-name="Angika" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>अंगिका</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="artikel pilihan"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%B5%D8%B1" title="مصر – Arab" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="مصر" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arab" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arc mw-list-item"><a href="https://arc.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DC%A1%DC%A8%DC%AA%DC%9D%DC%A2" title="ܡܨܪܝܢ – Aram" lang="arc" hreflang="arc" data-title="ܡܨܪܝܢ" data-language-autonym="ܐܪܡܝܐ" data-language-local-name="Aram" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ܐܪܡܝܐ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ary mw-list-item"><a href="https://ary.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%B5%D8%B1" title="مصر – Arab Maroko" lang="ary" hreflang="ary" data-title="مصر" data-language-autonym="الدارجة" data-language-local-name="Arab Maroko" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>الدارجة</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz badge-Q17506997 badge-featuredlist mw-list-item" title="daftar pilihan"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%B5%D8%B1" title="مصر – Arab Mesir" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="مصر" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Arab Mesir" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-as mw-list-item"><a href="https://as.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%87%E0%A6%9C%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%AA%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A4" title="ইজিপ্ত – Assam" lang="as" hreflang="as" data-title="ইজিপ্ত" data-language-autonym="অসমীয়া" data-language-local-name="Assam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>অসমীয়া</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Exiptu" title="Exiptu – Asturia" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Exiptu" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-av mw-list-item"><a href="https://av.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%95%D0%B3%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%82" title="Египет – Avar" lang="av" hreflang="av" data-title="Египет" data-language-autonym="Авар" data-language-local-name="Avar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Авар</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-avk mw-list-item"><a href="https://avk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Misra" title="Misra – Kotava" lang="avk" hreflang="avk" data-title="Misra" data-language-autonym="Kotava" data-language-local-name="Kotava" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kotava</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ay mw-list-item"><a href="https://ay.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iqiptu" title="Iqiptu – Aymara" lang="ay" hreflang="ay" data-title="Iqiptu" data-language-autonym="Aymar aru" data-language-local-name="Aymara" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aymar aru</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Misir" title="Misir – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Misir" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%DB%8C%D8%B5%D8%B1" title="میصر – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="میصر" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="artikel pilihan"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D1%8B%D1%81%D1%8B%D1%80" title="Мысыр – Bashkir" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Мысыр" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="Bashkir" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ban mw-list-item"><a href="https://ban.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mesir" title="Mesir – Bali" lang="ban" hreflang="ban" data-title="Mesir" data-language-autonym="Basa Bali" data-language-local-name="Bali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Basa Bali</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bar mw-list-item"><a href="https://bar.wikipedia.org/wiki/Egyptn" title="Egyptn – Bavaria" lang="bar" hreflang="bar" data-title="Egyptn" data-language-autonym="Boarisch" data-language-local-name="Bavaria" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Boarisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bat-smg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bat-smg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eg%C4%97pts" title="Egėpts – Samogitian" lang="sgs" hreflang="sgs" data-title="Egėpts" data-language-autonym="Žemaitėška" data-language-local-name="Samogitian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Žemaitėška</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bbc mw-list-item"><a href="https://bbc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Misir" title="Misir – Batak Toba" lang="bbc" hreflang="bbc" data-title="Misir" data-language-autonym="Batak Toba" data-language-local-name="Batak Toba" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Batak Toba</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bcl mw-list-item"><a href="https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ehipto" title="Ehipto – Central Bikol" lang="bcl" hreflang="bcl" data-title="Ehipto" data-language-autonym="Bikol Central" data-language-local-name="Central Bikol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bikol Central</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%95%D0%B3%D1%96%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%82" title="Егіпет – Belarusia" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Егіпет" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AD%D0%B3%D1%96%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%82" title="Эгіпет – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Эгіпет" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bew mw-list-item"><a href="https://bew.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mesir" title="Mesir – Betawi" lang="bew" hreflang="bew" data-title="Mesir" data-language-autonym="Betawi" data-language-local-name="Betawi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Betawi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%95%D0%B3%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%82" title="Египет – Bulgaria" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Египет" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgaria" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bh mw-list-item"><a href="https://bh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0" title="मिस्र – Bhojpuri" lang="bh" hreflang="bh" data-title="मिस्र" data-language-autonym="भोजपुरी" data-language-local-name="Bhojpuri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>भोजपुरी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bi mw-list-item"><a href="https://bi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ijip" title="Ijip – Bislama" lang="bi" hreflang="bi" data-title="Ijip" data-language-autonym="Bislama" data-language-local-name="Bislama" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bislama</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bjn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bjn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mesir" title="Mesir – Banjar" lang="bjn" hreflang="bjn" data-title="Mesir" data-language-autonym="Banjar" data-language-local-name="Banjar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Banjar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bm mw-list-item"><a href="https://bm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Misra" title="Misra – Bambara" lang="bm" hreflang="bm" data-title="Misra" data-language-autonym="Bamanankan" data-language-local-name="Bambara" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bamanankan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%B6%E0%A6%B0" title="মিশর – Bengali" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="মিশর" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bengali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bo mw-list-item"><a href="https://bo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BD%A8%E0%BD%A0%E0%BD%B2%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%85%E0%BD%B2%E0%BC%8D" title="ཨའི་ཅི། – Tibet" lang="bo" hreflang="bo" data-title="ཨའི་ཅི།" data-language-autonym="བོད་ཡིག" data-language-local-name="Tibet" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>བོད་ཡིག</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bpy mw-list-item"><a href="https://bpy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%B6%E0%A6%B0" title="মিশর – Bishnupriya" lang="bpy" hreflang="bpy" data-title="মিশর" data-language-autonym="বিষ্ণুপ্রিয়া মণিপুরী" data-language-local-name="Bishnupriya" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বিষ্ণুপ্রিয়া মণিপুরী</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Egipt" title="Egipt – Breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Egipt" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Breton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="artikel pilihan"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Egipat" title="Egipat – Bosnia" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Egipat" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-btm mw-list-item"><a href="https://btm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mesir" title="Mesir – Batak Mandailing" lang="btm" hreflang="btm" data-title="Mesir" data-language-autonym="Batak Mandailing" data-language-local-name="Batak Mandailing" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Batak Mandailing</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bug mw-list-item"><a href="https://bug.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%A8%86%E1%A8%99%E1%A8%94%E1%A8%97%E1%A8%91" title="ᨆᨙᨔᨗᨑ – Bugis" lang="bug" hreflang="bug" data-title="ᨆᨙᨔᨗᨑ" data-language-autonym="Basa Ugi" data-language-local-name="Bugis" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Basa Ugi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bxr mw-list-item"><a href="https://bxr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%95%D0%B3%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%82" title="Египет – Russia Buriat" lang="bxr" hreflang="bxr" data-title="Египет" data-language-autonym="Буряад" data-language-local-name="Russia Buriat" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Буряад</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Egipte" title="Egipte – Katalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Egipte" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Katalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cbk-zam mw-list-item"><a href="https://cbk-zam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Egipto" title="Egipto – Chavacano" lang="cbk" hreflang="cbk" data-title="Egipto" data-language-autonym="Chavacano de Zamboanga" data-language-local-name="Chavacano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Chavacano de Zamboanga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cdo mw-list-item"><a href="https://cdo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%82i-g%C4%ADk" title="Ăi-gĭk – Mindong" lang="cdo" hreflang="cdo" data-title="Ăi-gĭk" data-language-autonym="閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄" data-language-local-name="Mindong" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ce mw-list-item"><a href="https://ce.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%B0%D1%80" title="Мисар – Chechen" lang="ce" hreflang="ce" data-title="Мисар" data-language-autonym="Нохчийн" data-language-local-name="Chechen" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Нохчийн</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ehipto" title="Ehipto – Cebuano" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Ehipto" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="Cebuano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ch mw-list-item"><a href="https://ch.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ehiptu" title="Ehiptu – Chamorro" lang="ch" hreflang="ch" data-title="Ehiptu" data-language-autonym="Chamoru" data-language-local-name="Chamorro" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Chamoru</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-chr mw-list-item"><a href="https://chr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%8E%A2%E1%8F%A5%E1%8F%88%E1%8E%A2" title="ᎢᏥᏈᎢ – Cherokee" lang="chr" hreflang="chr" data-title="ᎢᏥᏈᎢ" data-language-autonym="ᏣᎳᎩ" data-language-local-name="Cherokee" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ᏣᎳᎩ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-chy mw-list-item"><a href="https://chy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Egypt" title="Egypt – Cheyenne" lang="chy" hreflang="chy" data-title="Egypt" data-language-autonym="Tsetsêhestâhese" data-language-local-name="Cheyenne" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tsetsêhestâhese</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%DB%8C%D8%B3%D8%B1" title="میسر – Kurdi Sorani" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="میسر" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="Kurdi Sorani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-co mw-list-item"><a href="https://co.wikipedia.org/wiki/Egittu" title="Egittu – Korsika" lang="co" hreflang="co" data-title="Egittu" data-language-autonym="Corsu" data-language-local-name="Korsika" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Corsu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-crh mw-list-item"><a href="https://crh.wikipedia.org/wiki/M%C4%B1s%C4%B1r" title="Mısır – Tatar Krimea" lang="crh" hreflang="crh" data-title="Mısır" data-language-autonym="Qırımtatarca" data-language-local-name="Tatar Krimea" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Qırımtatarca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Egypt" title="Egypt – Ceko" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Egypt" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Ceko" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-csb mw-list-item"><a href="https://csb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Egipt" title="Egipt – Kashubia" lang="csb" hreflang="csb" data-title="Egipt" data-language-autonym="Kaszëbsczi" data-language-local-name="Kashubia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kaszëbsczi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cu mw-list-item"><a href="https://cu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%84%D0%B3%D1%B7%D0%BF%D1%82%D1%8A" title="Єгѷптъ – Bahasa Gereja Slavonia" lang="cu" hreflang="cu" data-title="Єгѷптъ" data-language-autonym="Словѣньскъ / ⰔⰎⰑⰂⰡⰐⰠⰔⰍⰟ" data-language-local-name="Bahasa Gereja Slavonia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Словѣньскъ / ⰔⰎⰑⰂⰡⰐⰠⰔⰍⰟ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%95%D0%B3%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%82" title="Египет – Chuvash" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Египет" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="Chuvash" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yr_Aifft" title="Yr Aifft – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Yr Aifft" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Egypten" title="Egypten – Dansk" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Egypten" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Dansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dag mw-list-item"><a href="https://dag.wikipedia.org/wiki/Egypt" title="Egypt – Dagbani" lang="dag" hreflang="dag" data-title="Egypt" data-language-autonym="Dagbanli" data-language-local-name="Dagbani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dagbanli</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%84gypten" title="Ägypten – Jerman" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Ägypten" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="Jerman" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-diq mw-list-item"><a href="https://diq.wikipedia.org/wiki/M%C4%B1s%C4%B1r" title="Mısır – Dimli" lang="diq" hreflang="diq" data-title="Mısır" data-language-autonym="Zazaki" data-language-local-name="Dimli" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zazaki</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dsb mw-list-item"><a href="https://dsb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Egyptojska" title="Egyptojska – Sorbia Hilir" lang="dsb" hreflang="dsb" data-title="Egyptojska" data-language-autonym="Dolnoserbski" data-language-local-name="Sorbia Hilir" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dolnoserbski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dty mw-list-item"><a href="https://dty.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%87%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9F" title="इजिप्ट – Doteli" lang="dty" hreflang="dty" data-title="इजिप्ट" data-language-autonym="डोटेली" data-language-local-name="Doteli" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>डोटेली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dv mw-list-item"><a href="https://dv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DE%89%DE%A8%DE%9E%DE%B0%DE%83%DE%AA" title="މިޞްރު – Divehi" lang="dv" hreflang="dv" data-title="މިޞްރު" data-language-autonym="ދިވެހިބަސް" data-language-local-name="Divehi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ދިވެހިބަސް</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ee mw-list-item"><a href="https://ee.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edzipti" title="Edzipti – Ewe" lang="ee" hreflang="ee" data-title="Edzipti" data-language-autonym="Eʋegbe" data-language-local-name="Ewe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eʋegbe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%91%CE%AF%CE%B3%CF%85%CF%80%CF%84%CE%BF%CF%82" title="Αίγυπτος – Yunani" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Αίγυπτος" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Yunani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Egypt" title="Egypt – Inggris" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Egypt" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="Inggris" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Egiptio" title="Egiptio – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Egiptio" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Egipto" title="Egipto – Spanyol" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Egipto" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanyol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Egiptus" title="Egiptus – Estonia" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Egiptus" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Egipto" title="Egipto – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Egipto" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ext mw-list-item"><a href="https://ext.wikipedia.org/wiki/Egitu" title="Egitu – Extremaduran" lang="ext" hreflang="ext" data-title="Egitu" data-language-autonym="Estremeñu" data-language-local-name="Extremaduran" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Estremeñu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%B5%D8%B1" title="مصر – Persia" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="مصر" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ff mw-list-item"><a href="https://ff.wikipedia.org/wiki/Misra" title="Misra – Fula" lang="ff" hreflang="ff" data-title="Misra" data-language-autonym="Fulfulde" data-language-local-name="Fula" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Fulfulde</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi badge-Q17559452 badge-recommendedarticle mw-list-item" title="recommended article"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Egypti" title="Egypti – Suomi" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Egypti" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Suomi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fiu-vro mw-list-item"><a href="https://fiu-vro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eg%C3%BCpt%C3%BCs" title="Egüptüs – Võro" lang="vro" hreflang="vro" data-title="Egüptüs" data-language-autonym="Võro" data-language-local-name="Võro" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Võro</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fj mw-list-item"><a href="https://fj.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ijipita" title="Ijipita – Fiji" lang="fj" hreflang="fj" data-title="Ijipita" data-language-autonym="Na Vosa Vakaviti" data-language-local-name="Fiji" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Na Vosa Vakaviti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fo mw-list-item"><a href="https://fo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Egyptaland" title="Egyptaland – Faroe" lang="fo" hreflang="fo" data-title="Egyptaland" data-language-autonym="Føroyskt" data-language-local-name="Faroe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Føroyskt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%89gypte" title="Égypte – Prancis" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Égypte" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="Prancis" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frp mw-list-item"><a href="https://frp.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%88gipta" title="Ègipta – Arpitan" lang="frp" hreflang="frp" data-title="Ègipta" data-language-autonym="Arpetan" data-language-local-name="Arpitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Arpetan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Egypten" title="Egypten – Frisia Utara" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Egypten" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="Frisia Utara" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fur mw-list-item"><a href="https://fur.wikipedia.org/wiki/Egjit" title="Egjit – Friuli" lang="fur" hreflang="fur" data-title="Egjit" data-language-autonym="Furlan" data-language-local-name="Friuli" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Furlan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Egypte" title="Egypte – Frisia Barat" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Egypte" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="Frisia Barat" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/An_%C3%89igipt" title="An Éigipt – Irlandia" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="An Éigipt" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Irlandia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gag mw-list-item"><a href="https://gag.wikipedia.org/wiki/M%C4%B1s%C4%B1r" title="Mısır – Gagauz" lang="gag" hreflang="gag" data-title="Mısır" data-language-autonym="Gagauz" data-language-local-name="Gagauz" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gagauz</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gan mw-list-item"><a href="https://gan.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%9F%83%E5%8F%8A" title="埃及 – Gan" lang="gan" hreflang="gan" data-title="埃及" data-language-autonym="贛語" data-language-local-name="Gan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>贛語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gcr mw-list-item"><a href="https://gcr.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%C3%A9jip" title="Léjip – Guianan Creole" lang="gcr" hreflang="gcr" data-title="Léjip" data-language-autonym="Kriyòl gwiyannen" data-language-local-name="Guianan Creole" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kriyòl gwiyannen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/An_%C3%88ipheit" title="An Èipheit – Gaelik Skotlandia" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="An Èipheit" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="Gaelik Skotlandia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gàidhlig</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Exipto" title="Exipto – Galisia" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Exipto" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galisia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gn mw-list-item"><a href="https://gn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eh%C3%ADto" title="Ehíto – Guarani" lang="gn" hreflang="gn" data-title="Ehíto" data-language-autonym="Avañe'ẽ" data-language-local-name="Guarani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Avañe'ẽ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gom mw-list-item"><a href="https://gom.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%88%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4" title="ईजिप्त – Goan Konkani" lang="gom" hreflang="gom" data-title="ईजिप्त" data-language-autonym="गोंयची कोंकणी / Gõychi Konknni" data-language-local-name="Goan Konkani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>गोंयची कोंकणी / Gõychi Konknni</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gor mw-list-item"><a href="https://gor.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mesir" title="Mesir – Gorontalo" lang="gor" hreflang="gor" data-title="Mesir" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Hulontalo" data-language-local-name="Gorontalo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Hulontalo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-got mw-list-item"><a href="https://got.wikipedia.org/wiki/%F0%90%8C%B0%F0%90%8C%B9%F0%90%8C%B2%F0%90%8D%85%F0%90%8D%80%F0%90%8D%84%F0%90%8C%B0%F0%90%8C%BF" title="𐌰𐌹𐌲𐍅𐍀𐍄𐌰𐌿 – Gotik" lang="got" hreflang="got" data-title="𐌰𐌹𐌲𐍅𐍀𐍄𐌰𐌿" data-language-autonym="𐌲𐌿𐍄𐌹𐍃𐌺" data-language-local-name="Gotik" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>𐌲𐌿𐍄𐌹𐍃𐌺</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gpe mw-list-item"><a href="https://gpe.wikipedia.org/wiki/Egypt" title="Egypt – Ghanaian Pidgin" lang="gpe" hreflang="gpe" data-title="Egypt" data-language-autonym="Ghanaian Pidgin" data-language-local-name="Ghanaian Pidgin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ghanaian Pidgin</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gu mw-list-item"><a href="https://gu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AA%87%E0%AA%9C%E0%AA%BF%E0%AA%AA%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%A4" title="ઇજિપ્ત – Gujarat" lang="gu" hreflang="gu" data-title="ઇજિપ્ત" data-language-autonym="ગુજરાતી" data-language-local-name="Gujarat" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ગુજરાતી</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gur mw-list-item"><a href="https://gur.wikipedia.org/wiki/Egypt" title="Egypt – Frafra" lang="gur" hreflang="gur" data-title="Egypt" data-language-autonym="Farefare" data-language-local-name="Frafra" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Farefare</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gv mw-list-item"><a href="https://gv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yn_Egypt" title="Yn Egypt – Manx" lang="gv" hreflang="gv" data-title="Yn Egypt" data-language-autonym="Gaelg" data-language-local-name="Manx" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaelg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ha mw-list-item"><a href="https://ha.wikipedia.org/wiki/Misra" title="Misra – Hausa" lang="ha" hreflang="ha" data-title="Misra" data-language-autonym="Hausa" data-language-local-name="Hausa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hausa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hak mw-list-item"><a href="https://hak.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%82i-khi%CC%8Dp" title="Âi-khi̍p – Hakka Chinese" lang="hak" hreflang="hak" data-title="Âi-khi̍p" data-language-autonym="客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî" data-language-local-name="Hakka Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-haw mw-list-item"><a href="https://haw.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CA%BBAikupika" title="ʻAikupika – Hawaii" lang="haw" hreflang="haw" data-title="ʻAikupika" data-language-autonym="Hawaiʻi" data-language-local-name="Hawaii" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hawaiʻi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%9E%D7%A6%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%9D" title="מצרים – Ibrani" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="מצרים" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Ibrani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0" title="मिस्र – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="मिस्र" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hif mw-list-item"><a href="https://hif.wikipedia.org/wiki/Egypt" title="Egypt – Hindi Fiji" lang="hif" hreflang="hif" data-title="Egypt" data-language-autonym="Fiji Hindi" data-language-local-name="Hindi Fiji" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Fiji Hindi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Egipat" title="Egipat – Kroasia" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Egipat" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Kroasia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hsb mw-list-item"><a href="https://hsb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Egyptowska" title="Egyptowska – Sorbia Hulu" lang="hsb" hreflang="hsb" data-title="Egyptowska" data-language-autonym="Hornjoserbsce" data-language-local-name="Sorbia Hulu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hornjoserbsce</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ejip" title="Ejip – Kreol Haiti" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="Ejip" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="Kreol Haiti" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kreyòl ayisyen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Egyiptom" title="Egyiptom – Hungaria" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Egyiptom" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungaria" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%B5%D5%A3%D5%AB%D5%BA%D5%BF%D5%B8%D5%BD" title="Եգիպտոս – Armenia" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Եգիպտոս" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hyw mw-list-item"><a href="https://hyw.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%B5%D5%A3%D5%AB%D5%BA%D5%BF%D5%B8%D5%BD" title="Եգիպտոս – Western Armenian" lang="hyw" hreflang="hyw" data-title="Եգիպտոս" data-language-autonym="Արեւմտահայերէն" data-language-local-name="Western Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Արեւմտահայերէն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Egypto" title="Egypto – Interlingua" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Egypto" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="Interlingua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-iba mw-list-item"><a href="https://iba.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ejip" title="Ejip – Iban" lang="iba" hreflang="iba" data-title="Ejip" data-language-autonym="Jaku Iban" data-language-local-name="Iban" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jaku Iban</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ie mw-list-item"><a href="https://ie.wikipedia.org/wiki/Egiptia" title="Egiptia – Interlingue" lang="ie" hreflang="ie" data-title="Egiptia" data-language-autonym="Interlingue" data-language-local-name="Interlingue" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingue</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ig mw-list-item"><a href="https://ig.wikipedia.org/wiki/Egypt" title="Egypt – Igbo" lang="ig" hreflang="ig" data-title="Egypt" data-language-autonym="Igbo" data-language-local-name="Igbo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Igbo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ik mw-list-item"><a href="https://ik.wikipedia.org/wiki/Masu%C4%A1aq" title="Masuġaq – Inupiak" lang="ik" hreflang="ik" data-title="Masuġaq" data-language-autonym="Iñupiatun" data-language-local-name="Inupiak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Iñupiatun</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ilo mw-list-item"><a href="https://ilo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ehipto" title="Ehipto – Iloko" lang="ilo" hreflang="ilo" data-title="Ehipto" data-language-autonym="Ilokano" data-language-local-name="Iloko" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ilokano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-inh mw-list-item"><a href="https://inh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B5" title="Мисаре – Ingushetia" lang="inh" hreflang="inh" data-title="Мисаре" data-language-autonym="ГӀалгӀай" data-language-local-name="Ingushetia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ГӀалгӀай</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Egiptia" title="Egiptia – Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Egiptia" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Egyptaland" title="Egyptaland – Islandia" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Egyptaland" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Islandia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Egitto" title="Egitto – Italia" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Egitto" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%A8%E3%82%B8%E3%83%97%E3%83%88" title="エジプト – Jepang" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="エジプト" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Jepang" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jam mw-list-item"><a href="https://jam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iijip" title="Iijip – Jamaican Creole English" lang="jam" hreflang="jam" data-title="Iijip" data-language-autonym="Patois" data-language-local-name="Jamaican Creole English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Patois</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jbo mw-list-item"><a href="https://jbo.wikipedia.org/wiki/misrygu%27e" title="misrygu'e – Lojban" lang="jbo" hreflang="jbo" data-title="misrygu'e" data-language-autonym="La .lojban." data-language-local-name="Lojban" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>La .lojban.</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mesir" title="Mesir – Jawa" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Mesir" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="Jawa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%94%E1%83%92%E1%83%95%E1%83%98%E1%83%9E%E1%83%A2%E1%83%94" title="ეგვიპტე – Georgia" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ეგვიპტე" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kaa mw-list-item"><a href="https://kaa.wikipedia.org/wiki/M%C4%B1s%C4%B1r" title="Mısır – Kara-Kalpak" lang="kaa" hreflang="kaa" data-title="Mısır" data-language-autonym="Qaraqalpaqsha" data-language-local-name="Kara-Kalpak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Qaraqalpaqsha</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kab mw-list-item"><a href="https://kab.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ma%E1%B9%A3er" title="Maṣer – Kabyle" lang="kab" hreflang="kab" data-title="Maṣer" data-language-autonym="Taqbaylit" data-language-local-name="Kabyle" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Taqbaylit</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kbp mw-list-item"><a href="https://kbp.wikipedia.org/wiki/Egipiti" title="Egipiti – Kabiye" lang="kbp" hreflang="kbp" data-title="Egipiti" data-language-autonym="Kabɩyɛ" data-language-local-name="Kabiye" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kabɩyɛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kcg mw-list-item"><a href="https://kcg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ma%CC%B1sa%CC%B1t" title="Ma̱sa̱t – Tyap" lang="kcg" hreflang="kcg" data-title="Ma̱sa̱t" data-language-autonym="Tyap" data-language-local-name="Tyap" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tyap</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kg mw-list-item"><a href="https://kg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Misiri" title="Misiri – Kongo" lang="kg" hreflang="kg" data-title="Misiri" data-language-autonym="Kongo" data-language-local-name="Kongo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kongo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kge mw-list-item"><a href="https://kge.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mosir" title="Mosir – Komering" lang="kge" hreflang="kge" data-title="Mosir" data-language-autonym="Kumoring" data-language-local-name="Komering" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kumoring</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ki mw-list-item"><a href="https://ki.wikipedia.org/wiki/Egypt" title="Egypt – Kikuyu" lang="ki" hreflang="ki" data-title="Egypt" data-language-autonym="Gĩkũyũ" data-language-local-name="Kikuyu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gĩkũyũ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D1%8B%D1%81%D1%8B%D1%80" title="Мысыр – Kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Мысыр" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-km badge-Q70893996 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://km.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%9E%A2%E1%9F%81%E1%9E%9F%E1%9F%8A%E1%9E%B8%E1%9E%94" title="អេស៊ីប – Khmer" lang="km" hreflang="km" data-title="អេស៊ីប" data-language-autonym="ភាសាខ្មែរ" data-language-local-name="Khmer" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ភាសាខ្មែរ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%88%E0%B2%9C%E0%B2%BF%E0%B2%AA%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%9F%E0%B3%8D" title="ಈಜಿಪ್ಟ್ – Kannada" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಈಜಿಪ್ಟ್" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="Kannada" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-knc mw-list-item"><a href="https://knc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Egypt" title="Egypt – Central Kanuri" lang="knc" hreflang="knc" data-title="Egypt" data-language-autonym="Yerwa Kanuri" data-language-local-name="Central Kanuri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Yerwa Kanuri</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%9D%B4%EC%A7%91%ED%8A%B8" title="이집트 – Korea" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="이집트" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korea" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ks mw-list-item"><a href="https://ks.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D9%90%D8%B5%D8%B1" title="مِصر – Kashmir" lang="ks" hreflang="ks" data-title="مِصر" data-language-autonym="कॉशुर / کٲشُر" data-language-local-name="Kashmir" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>कॉशुर / کٲشُر</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Misir" title="Misir – Kurdi" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Misir" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="Kurdi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kv mw-list-item"><a href="https://kv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%95%D0%B3%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%82_%D0%90%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B1_%D0%A0%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BF%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Египет Араб Республика – Komi" lang="kv" hreflang="kv" data-title="Египет Араб Республика" data-language-autonym="Коми" data-language-local-name="Komi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Коми</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kw mw-list-item"><a href="https://kw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ejyp" title="Ejyp – Kornish" lang="kw" hreflang="kw" data-title="Ejyp" data-language-autonym="Kernowek" data-language-local-name="Kornish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kernowek</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%95%D0%B3%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%82" title="Египет – Kirgiz" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Египет" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="Kirgiz" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aegyptus" title="Aegyptus – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Aegyptus" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lad mw-list-item"><a href="https://lad.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ayifto" title="Ayifto – Ladino" lang="lad" hreflang="lad" data-title="Ayifto" data-language-autonym="Ladino" data-language-local-name="Ladino" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ladino</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Egypten" title="Egypten – Luksemburg" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Egypten" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="Luksemburg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lbe mw-list-item"><a href="https://lbe.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%80%D0%B8" title="Мисри – Lak" lang="lbe" hreflang="lbe" data-title="Мисри" data-language-autonym="Лакку" data-language-local-name="Lak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Лакку</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lez mw-list-item"><a href="https://lez.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%80%D0%B8" title="Мисри – Lezghia" lang="lez" hreflang="lez" data-title="Мисри" data-language-autonym="Лезги" data-language-local-name="Lezghia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Лезги</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lfn mw-list-item"><a href="https://lfn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Misre" title="Misre – Lingua Franca Nova" lang="lfn" hreflang="lfn" data-title="Misre" data-language-autonym="Lingua Franca Nova" data-language-local-name="Lingua Franca Nova" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingua Franca Nova</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lg mw-list-item"><a href="https://lg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Egypt" title="Egypt – Ganda" lang="lg" hreflang="lg" data-title="Egypt" data-language-autonym="Luganda" data-language-local-name="Ganda" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Luganda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Egypte" title="Egypte – Limburgia" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Egypte" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="Limburgia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Limburgs</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lij mw-list-item"><a href="https://lij.wikipedia.org/wiki/Egitto" title="Egitto – Liguria" lang="lij" hreflang="lij" data-title="Egitto" data-language-autonym="Ligure" data-language-local-name="Liguria" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ligure</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lld mw-list-item"><a href="https://lld.wikipedia.org/wiki/Egit" title="Egit – Ladin" lang="lld" hreflang="lld" data-title="Egit" data-language-autonym="Ladin" data-language-local-name="Ladin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ladin</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Egit" title="Egit – Lombard" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Egit" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="Lombard" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ln mw-list-item"><a href="https://ln.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ejipte" title="Ejipte – Lingala" lang="ln" hreflang="ln" data-title="Ejipte" data-language-autonym="Lingála" data-language-local-name="Lingala" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingála</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BA%9B%E0%BA%B0%E0%BB%80%E0%BA%97%E0%BA%94%E0%BB%80%E0%BA%AD%E0%BA%A2%E0%BA%B4%E0%BA%9A" title="ປະເທດເອຢິບ – Lao" lang="lo" hreflang="lo" data-title="ປະເທດເອຢິບ" data-language-autonym="ລາວ" data-language-local-name="Lao" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ລາວ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Egiptas" title="Egiptas – Lituania" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Egiptas" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lituania" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%92%C4%A3ipte" title="Ēģipte – Latvia" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Ēģipte" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mad mw-list-item"><a href="https://mad.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mesir" title="Mesir – Madura" lang="mad" hreflang="mad" data-title="Mesir" data-language-autonym="Madhurâ" data-language-local-name="Madura" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Madhurâ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mai mw-list-item"><a href="https://mai.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0" title="मिस्र – Maithili" lang="mai" hreflang="mai" data-title="मिस्र" data-language-autonym="मैथिली" data-language-local-name="Maithili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मैथिली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-map-bms mw-list-item"><a href="https://map-bms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mesir" title="Mesir – Banyumasan" lang="jv-x-bms" hreflang="jv-x-bms" data-title="Mesir" data-language-autonym="Basa Banyumasan" data-language-local-name="Banyumasan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Basa Banyumasan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mdf mw-list-item"><a href="https://mdf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AD%D0%B3%D0%B8%D0%BF%D1%82" title="Эгипт – Moksha" lang="mdf" hreflang="mdf" data-title="Эгипт" data-language-autonym="Мокшень" data-language-local-name="Moksha" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Мокшень</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ejipta" title="Ejipta – Malagasi" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Ejipta" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="Malagasi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mhr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mhr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%95%D0%B3%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%82" title="Египет – Eastern Mari" lang="mhr" hreflang="mhr" data-title="Египет" data-language-autonym="Олык марий" data-language-local-name="Eastern Mari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Олык марий</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mi mw-list-item"><a href="https://mi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%AAhipa" title="Īhipa – Maori" lang="mi" hreflang="mi" data-title="Īhipa" data-language-autonym="Māori" data-language-local-name="Maori" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Māori</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-min mw-list-item"><a href="https://min.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mesir" title="Mesir – Minangkabau" lang="min" hreflang="min" data-title="Mesir" data-language-autonym="Minangkabau" data-language-local-name="Minangkabau" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Minangkabau</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%95%D0%B3%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%82" title="Египет – Makedonia" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Египет" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Makedonia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%88%E0%B4%9C%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%AA%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B1%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B1%E0%B5%8D" title="ഈജിപ്റ്റ് – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="ഈജിപ്റ്റ്" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%95%D0%B3%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%82" title="Египет – Mongolia" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Египет" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="Mongolia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mni mw-list-item"><a href="https://mni.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EA%AF%8F%EA%AF%96%EA%AF%A4%EA%AF%9E" title="ꯏꯖꯤꯞ – Manipuri" lang="mni" hreflang="mni" data-title="ꯏꯖꯤꯞ" data-language-autonym="ꯃꯤꯇꯩ ꯂꯣꯟ" data-language-local-name="Manipuri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ꯃꯤꯇꯩ ꯂꯣꯟ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%87%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4" title="इजिप्त – Marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="इजिप्त" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="Marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mrj mw-list-item"><a href="https://mrj.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%95%D0%B3%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%82" title="Египет – Western Mari" lang="mrj" hreflang="mrj" data-title="Египет" data-language-autonym="Кырык мары" data-language-local-name="Western Mari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кырык мары</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mesir" title="Mesir – Melayu" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Mesir" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Melayu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mt mw-list-item"><a href="https://mt.wikipedia.org/wiki/E%C4%A1ittu" title="Eġittu – Malta" lang="mt" hreflang="mt" data-title="Eġittu" data-language-autonym="Malti" data-language-local-name="Malta" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mwl mw-list-item"><a href="https://mwl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eigito" title="Eigito – Miranda" lang="mwl" hreflang="mwl" data-title="Eigito" data-language-autonym="Mirandés" data-language-local-name="Miranda" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Mirandés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%A1%E1%80%AE%E1%80%82%E1%80%BB%E1%80%85%E1%80%BA%E1%80%94%E1%80%AD%E1%80%AF%E1%80%84%E1%80%BA%E1%80%84%E1%80%B6" title="အီဂျစ်နိုင်ငံ – Burma" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="အီဂျစ်နိုင်ငံ" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="Burma" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-myv mw-list-item"><a href="https://myv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%95%D0%B3%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%82_%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80" title="Египет Мастор – Eryza" lang="myv" hreflang="myv" data-title="Египет Мастор" data-language-autonym="Эрзянь" data-language-local-name="Eryza" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Эрзянь</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mzn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mzn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%B5%D8%B1" title="مصر – Mazanderani" lang="mzn" hreflang="mzn" data-title="مصر" data-language-autonym="مازِرونی" data-language-local-name="Mazanderani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مازِرونی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nap mw-list-item"><a href="https://nap.wikipedia.org/wiki/Naggitto" title="Naggitto – Neapolitan" lang="nap" hreflang="nap" data-title="Naggitto" data-language-autonym="Napulitano" data-language-local-name="Neapolitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Napulitano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%84gypten" title="Ägypten – Jerman Rendah" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Ägypten" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="Jerman Rendah" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds-nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Egypte_(laand)" title="Egypte (laand) – Low Saxon" lang="nds-NL" hreflang="nds-NL" data-title="Egypte (laand)" data-language-autonym="Nedersaksies" data-language-local-name="Low Saxon" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nedersaksies</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%87%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9F" title="इजिप्ट – Nepali" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="इजिप्ट" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="Nepali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-new mw-list-item"><a href="https://new.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0" title="मिस्र – Newari" lang="new" hreflang="new" data-title="मिस्र" data-language-autonym="नेपाल भाषा" data-language-local-name="Newari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाल भाषा</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nia mw-list-item"><a href="https://nia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mesir" title="Mesir – Nias" lang="nia" hreflang="nia" data-title="Mesir" data-language-autonym="Li Niha" data-language-local-name="Nias" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Li Niha</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Egypte_(land)" title="Egypte (land) – Belanda" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Egypte (land)" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Belanda" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Egypt" title="Egypt – Nynorsk Norwegia" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Egypt" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Nynorsk Norwegia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Egypt" title="Egypt – Bokmål Norwegia" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Egypt" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Bokmål Norwegia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nov mw-list-item"><a href="https://nov.wikipedia.org/wiki/Egiptia" title="Egiptia – Novial" lang="nov" hreflang="nov" data-title="Egiptia" data-language-autonym="Novial" data-language-local-name="Novial" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Novial</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nqo mw-list-item"><a href="https://nqo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DF%8C%DF%96%DF%AD%DF%8C%DF%94%DF%91%DF%95" title="ߌߖ߭ߌߔߑߕ – N’Ko" lang="nqo" hreflang="nqo" data-title="ߌߖ߭ߌߔߑߕ" data-language-autonym="ߒߞߏ" data-language-local-name="N’Ko" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ߒߞߏ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nrm mw-list-item"><a href="https://nrm.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%8Agypte" title="Êgypte – Norman" lang="nrf" hreflang="nrf" data-title="Êgypte" data-language-autonym="Nouormand" data-language-local-name="Norman" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nouormand</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nso mw-list-item"><a href="https://nso.wikipedia.org/wiki/Egypt" title="Egypt – Sotho Utara" lang="nso" hreflang="nso" data-title="Egypt" data-language-autonym="Sesotho sa Leboa" data-language-local-name="Sotho Utara" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sesotho sa Leboa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nv mw-list-item"><a href="https://nv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ahidiit%C5%82%CA%BCintsoh_Da%CA%BC%C3%AD%C3%AD%C5%82%CA%BC%C3%ADn%C3%AD_Bik%C3%A9yah" title="Ahidiitłʼintsoh Daʼííłʼíní Bikéyah – Navajo" lang="nv" hreflang="nv" data-title="Ahidiitłʼintsoh Daʼííłʼíní Bikéyah" data-language-autonym="Diné bizaad" data-language-local-name="Navajo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Diné bizaad</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Egipte" title="Egipte – Ositania" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Egipte" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Ositania" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-olo mw-list-item"><a href="https://olo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jegiptu" title="Jegiptu – Livvi-Karelian" lang="olo" hreflang="olo" data-title="Jegiptu" data-language-autonym="Livvinkarjala" data-language-local-name="Livvi-Karelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Livvinkarjala</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-om mw-list-item"><a href="https://om.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ijiipti" title="Ijiipti – Oromo" lang="om" hreflang="om" data-title="Ijiipti" data-language-autonym="Oromoo" data-language-local-name="Oromo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oromoo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-or mw-list-item"><a href="https://or.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AC%87%E0%AC%9C%E0%AC%BF%E0%AC%AA%E0%AD%8D%E0%AC%9F" title="ଇଜିପ୍ଟ – Oriya" lang="or" hreflang="or" data-title="ଇଜିପ୍ଟ" data-language-autonym="ଓଡ଼ିଆ" data-language-local-name="Oriya" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ଓଡ଼ିଆ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-os mw-list-item"><a href="https://os.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D1%8B%D1%81%D1%8B%D1%80" title="Мысыр – Ossetia" lang="os" hreflang="os" data-title="Мысыр" data-language-autonym="Ирон" data-language-local-name="Ossetia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ирон</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%AE%E0%A8%BF%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%B0" title="ਮਿਸਰ – Punjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਮਿਸਰ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pam mw-list-item"><a href="https://pam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ejiptu" title="Ejiptu – Pampanga" lang="pam" hreflang="pam" data-title="Ejiptu" data-language-autonym="Kapampangan" data-language-local-name="Pampanga" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kapampangan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pap mw-list-item"><a href="https://pap.wikipedia.org/wiki/Egipto" title="Egipto – Papiamento" lang="pap" hreflang="pap" data-title="Egipto" data-language-autonym="Papiamentu" data-language-local-name="Papiamento" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Papiamentu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pcd mw-list-item"><a href="https://pcd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%89djipe" title="Édjipe – Picard" lang="pcd" hreflang="pcd" data-title="Édjipe" data-language-autonym="Picard" data-language-local-name="Picard" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Picard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pcm mw-list-item"><a href="https://pcm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ejipt" title="Ejipt – Pidgin Nigeria" lang="pcm" hreflang="pcm" data-title="Ejipt" data-language-autonym="Naijá" data-language-local-name="Pidgin Nigeria" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Naijá</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pi mw-list-item"><a href="https://pi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%88%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9F" title="ईजिप्ट – Pali" lang="pi" hreflang="pi" data-title="ईजिप्ट" data-language-autonym="पालि" data-language-local-name="Pali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>पालि</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Egipt" title="Egipt – Polski" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Egipt" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pms mw-list-item"><a href="https://pms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Egit" title="Egit – Piedmontese" lang="pms" hreflang="pms" data-title="Egit" data-language-autonym="Piemontèis" data-language-local-name="Piedmontese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Piemontèis</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%B5%D8%B1" title="مصر – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="مصر" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%91%CE%AF%CE%B3%CF%85%CF%80%CF%84%CE%BF%CF%82" title="Αίγυπτος – Pontic" lang="pnt" hreflang="pnt" data-title="Αίγυπτος" data-language-autonym="Ποντιακά" data-language-local-name="Pontic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ποντιακά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%B5%D8%B1" title="مصر – Pashto" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="مصر" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="Pashto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="artikel pilihan"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Egito" title="Egito – Portugis" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Egito" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portugis" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pwn mw-list-item"><a href="https://pwn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Idjiputu" title="Idjiputu – Paiwan" lang="pwn" hreflang="pwn" data-title="Idjiputu" data-language-autonym="Pinayuanan" data-language-local-name="Paiwan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Pinayuanan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ihiptu" title="Ihiptu – Quechua" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Ihiptu" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="Quechua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rm mw-list-item"><a href="https://rm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Egipta" title="Egipta – Reto-Roman" lang="rm" hreflang="rm" data-title="Egipta" data-language-autonym="Rumantsch" data-language-local-name="Reto-Roman" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Rumantsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rmy mw-list-item"><a href="https://rmy.wikipedia.org/wiki/M%C3%AAsire" title="Mêsire – Vlax Romani" lang="rmy" hreflang="rmy" data-title="Mêsire" data-language-autonym="Romani čhib" data-language-local-name="Vlax Romani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Romani čhib</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rn mw-list-item"><a href="https://rn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Misiri" title="Misiri – Rundi" lang="rn" hreflang="rn" data-title="Misiri" data-language-autonym="Ikirundi" data-language-local-name="Rundi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ikirundi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Egipt" title="Egipt – Rumania" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Egipt" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Rumania" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-roa-tara mw-list-item"><a href="https://roa-tara.wikipedia.org/wiki/Egitte" title="Egitte – Tarantino" lang="nap-x-tara" hreflang="nap-x-tara" data-title="Egitte" data-language-autonym="Tarandíne" data-language-local-name="Tarantino" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tarandíne</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%95%D0%B3%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%82" title="Египет – Rusia" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Египет" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Rusia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rue mw-list-item"><a href="https://rue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%95%D2%91%D1%96%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%82" title="Еґіпет – Rusyn" lang="rue" hreflang="rue" data-title="Еґіпет" data-language-autonym="Русиньскый" data-language-local-name="Rusyn" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русиньскый</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sa mw-list-item"><a href="https://sa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%A6%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B6" title="मिस्रदेश – Sanskerta" lang="sa" hreflang="sa" data-title="मिस्रदेश" data-language-autonym="संस्कृतम्" data-language-local-name="Sanskerta" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>संस्कृतम्</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AD%D0%B3%D0%B8%D0%B8%D0%BF%D1%8D%D1%82" title="Эгиипэт – Sakha" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="Эгиипэт" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="Sakha" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Саха тыла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sat mw-list-item"><a href="https://sat.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%B1%A2%E1%B1%A4%E1%B1%A5%E1%B1%A8%E1%B1%9A" title="ᱢᱤᱥᱨᱚ – Santali" lang="sat" hreflang="sat" data-title="ᱢᱤᱥᱨᱚ" data-language-autonym="ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ" data-language-local-name="Santali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sc mw-list-item"><a href="https://sc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Egitu" title="Egitu – Sardinia" lang="sc" hreflang="sc" data-title="Egitu" data-language-autonym="Sardu" data-language-local-name="Sardinia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sardu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eggittu" title="Eggittu – Sisilia" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Eggittu" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="Sisilia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Egyp" title="Egyp – Skotlandia" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Egyp" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="Skotlandia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%B5%D8%B1" title="مصر – Sindhi" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="مصر" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="Sindhi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سنڌي</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-se mw-list-item"><a href="https://se.wikipedia.org/wiki/Egypta" title="Egypta – Sami Utara" lang="se" hreflang="se" data-title="Egypta" data-language-autonym="Davvisámegiella" data-language-local-name="Sami Utara" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Davvisámegiella</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sg mw-list-item"><a href="https://sg.wikipedia.org/wiki/K%C3%A2mit%C3%A2" title="Kâmitâ – Sango" lang="sg" hreflang="sg" data-title="Kâmitâ" data-language-autonym="Sängö" data-language-local-name="Sango" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sängö</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="artikel pilihan"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Egipat" title="Egipat – Serbo-Kroasia" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Egipat" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Kroasia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-shi mw-list-item"><a href="https://shi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mi%E1%B9%A3ra" title="Miṣra – Tachelhit" lang="shi" hreflang="shi" data-title="Miṣra" data-language-autonym="Taclḥit" data-language-local-name="Tachelhit" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Taclḥit</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-shn mw-list-item"><a href="https://shn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%99%E1%80%AD%E1%80%B0%E1%80%84%E1%80%BA%E1%80%B8%E1%80%A2%E1%80%AE%E1%80%B8%E1%81%B5%E1%80%BB%E1%80%AD%E1%80%95%E1%80%BA%E1%82%88" title="မိူင်းဢီးၵျိပ်ႈ – Shan" lang="shn" hreflang="shn" data-title="မိူင်းဢီးၵျိပ်ႈ" data-language-autonym="တႆး" data-language-local-name="Shan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>တႆး</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B6%8A%E0%B6%A2%E0%B7%92%E0%B6%B4%E0%B7%8A%E0%B6%AD%E0%B7%94%E0%B7%80" title="ඊජිප්තුව – Sinhala" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="ඊජිප්තුව" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="Sinhala" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Egypt" title="Egypt – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Egypt" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Egypt" title="Egypt – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Egypt" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-skr mw-list-item"><a href="https://skr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%B5%D8%B1" title="مصر – Saraiki" lang="skr" hreflang="skr" data-title="مصر" data-language-autonym="سرائیکی" data-language-local-name="Saraiki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سرائیکی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Egipt" title="Egipt – Slovenia" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Egipt" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sm mw-list-item"><a href="https://sm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aikupito" title="Aikupito – Samoa" lang="sm" hreflang="sm" data-title="Aikupito" data-language-autonym="Gagana Samoa" data-language-local-name="Samoa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gagana Samoa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-smn mw-list-item"><a href="https://smn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Egypt" title="Egypt – Inari Sami" lang="smn" hreflang="smn" data-title="Egypt" data-language-autonym="Anarâškielâ" data-language-local-name="Inari Sami" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Anarâškielâ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sn mw-list-item"><a href="https://sn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ijipita" title="Ijipita – Shona" lang="sn" hreflang="sn" data-title="Ijipita" data-language-autonym="ChiShona" data-language-local-name="Shona" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ChiShona</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-so mw-list-item"><a href="https://so.wikipedia.org/wiki/Masar" title="Masar – Somalia" lang="so" hreflang="so" data-title="Masar" data-language-autonym="Soomaaliga" data-language-local-name="Somalia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Soomaaliga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Egjipti" title="Egjipti – Albania" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Egjipti" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albania" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%95%D0%B3%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B0%D1%82" title="Египат – Serbia" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Египат" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-srn mw-list-item"><a href="https://srn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Egiptakondre" title="Egiptakondre – Sranan Tongo" lang="srn" hreflang="srn" data-title="Egiptakondre" data-language-autonym="Sranantongo" data-language-local-name="Sranan Tongo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sranantongo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ss mw-list-item"><a href="https://ss.wikipedia.org/wiki/IGibhithe" title="IGibhithe – Swati" lang="ss" hreflang="ss" data-title="IGibhithe" data-language-autonym="SiSwati" data-language-local-name="Swati" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>SiSwati</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-st mw-list-item"><a href="https://st.wikipedia.org/wiki/Egepeta" title="Egepeta – Sotho Selatan" lang="st" hreflang="st" data-title="Egepeta" data-language-autonym="Sesotho" data-language-local-name="Sotho Selatan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sesotho</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-stq mw-list-item"><a href="https://stq.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%84gypten" title="Ägypten – Saterland Frisian" lang="stq" hreflang="stq" data-title="Ägypten" data-language-autonym="Seeltersk" data-language-local-name="Saterland Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Seeltersk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mesir" title="Mesir – Sunda" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="Mesir" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="Sunda" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sunda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Egypten" title="Egypten – Swedia" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Egypten" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Misri" title="Misri – Swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Misri" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="Swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-syl mw-list-item"><a href="https://syl.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EA%A0%9D%EA%A0%A4%EA%A0%A1%EA%A0%9E" title="ꠝꠤꠡꠞ – Sylheti" lang="syl" hreflang="syl" data-title="ꠝꠤꠡꠞ" data-language-autonym="ꠍꠤꠟꠐꠤ" data-language-local-name="Sylheti" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ꠍꠤꠟꠐꠤ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-szl mw-list-item"><a href="https://szl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Egipt" title="Egipt – Silesia" lang="szl" hreflang="szl" data-title="Egipt" data-language-autonym="Ślůnski" data-language-local-name="Silesia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ślůnski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-szy mw-list-item"><a href="https://szy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Egypt" title="Egypt – Sakizaya" lang="szy" hreflang="szy" data-title="Egypt" data-language-autonym="Sakizaya" data-language-local-name="Sakizaya" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sakizaya</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%8E%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%A4%E0%AF%81" title="எகிப்து – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="எகிப்து" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tay mw-list-item"><a href="https://tay.wikipedia.org/wiki/Egypt" title="Egypt – Atayal" lang="tay" hreflang="tay" data-title="Egypt" data-language-autonym="Tayal" data-language-local-name="Atayal" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tayal</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%88%E0%B0%9C%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%9F%E0%B1%81" title="ఈజిప్టు – Telugu" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="ఈజిప్టు" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="Telugu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tet mw-list-item"><a href="https://tet.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ejitu" title="Ejitu – Tetun" lang="tet" hreflang="tet" data-title="Ejitu" data-language-autonym="Tetun" data-language-local-name="Tetun" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tetun</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%80" title="Миср – Tajik" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Миср" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="Tajik" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%95%E0%B9%8C" title="ประเทศอียิปต์ – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="ประเทศอียิปต์" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ti mw-list-item"><a href="https://ti.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%8C%8D%E1%89%A5%E1%8C%BA" title="ግብጺ – Tigrinya" lang="ti" hreflang="ti" data-title="ግብጺ" data-language-autonym="ትግርኛ" data-language-local-name="Tigrinya" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ትግርኛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tk mw-list-item"><a href="https://tk.wikipedia.org/wiki/M%C3%BCs%C3%BCr" title="Müsür – Turkmen" lang="tk" hreflang="tk" data-title="Müsür" data-language-autonym="Türkmençe" data-language-local-name="Turkmen" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkmençe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ehipto" title="Ehipto – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Ehipto" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tly mw-list-item"><a href="https://tly.wikipedia.org/wiki/Misir" title="Misir – Talysh" lang="tly" hreflang="tly" data-title="Misir" data-language-autonym="Tolışi" data-language-local-name="Talysh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tolışi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tn mw-list-item"><a href="https://tn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Egypt" title="Egypt – Tswana" lang="tn" hreflang="tn" data-title="Egypt" data-language-autonym="Setswana" data-language-local-name="Tswana" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Setswana</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-to mw-list-item"><a href="https://to.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CA%BBIsipite" title="ʻIsipite – Tonga" lang="to" hreflang="to" data-title="ʻIsipite" data-language-autonym="Lea faka-Tonga" data-language-local-name="Tonga" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lea faka-Tonga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tpi mw-list-item"><a href="https://tpi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ijip" title="Ijip – Tok Pisin" lang="tpi" hreflang="tpi" data-title="Ijip" data-language-autonym="Tok Pisin" data-language-local-name="Tok Pisin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tok Pisin</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/M%C4%B1s%C4%B1r" title="Mısır – Turki" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Mısır" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-trv mw-list-item"><a href="https://trv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Egypt" title="Egypt – Taroko" lang="trv" hreflang="trv" data-title="Egypt" data-language-autonym="Seediq" data-language-local-name="Taroko" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Seediq</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ts mw-list-item"><a href="https://ts.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gibita" title="Gibita – Tsonga" lang="ts" hreflang="ts" data-title="Gibita" data-language-autonym="Xitsonga" data-language-local-name="Tsonga" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Xitsonga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%8B%D1%80" title="Мисыр – Tatar" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Мисыр" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="Tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tum badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="artikel bagus"><a href="https://tum.wikipedia.org/wiki/Egypt" title="Egypt – Tumbuka" lang="tum" hreflang="tum" data-title="Egypt" data-language-autonym="ChiTumbuka" data-language-local-name="Tumbuka" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ChiTumbuka</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tw mw-list-item"><a href="https://tw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Misrim" title="Misrim – Twi" lang="tw" hreflang="tw" data-title="Misrim" data-language-autonym="Twi" data-language-local-name="Twi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Twi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ty mw-list-item"><a href="https://ty.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E2%80%99Aifiti" title="’Aifiti – Tahiti" lang="ty" hreflang="ty" data-title="’Aifiti" data-language-autonym="Reo tahiti" data-language-local-name="Tahiti" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Reo tahiti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tyv mw-list-item"><a href="https://tyv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%95%D0%B3%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%82" title="Египет – Tuvinia" lang="tyv" hreflang="tyv" data-title="Египет" data-language-autonym="Тыва дыл" data-language-local-name="Tuvinia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тыва дыл</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-udm mw-list-item"><a href="https://udm.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%95%D0%B3%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%82" title="Египет – Udmurt" lang="udm" hreflang="udm" data-title="Египет" data-language-autonym="Удмурт" data-language-local-name="Udmurt" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Удмурт</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ug mw-list-item"><a href="https://ug.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D9%89%D8%B3%D9%89%D8%B1" title="مىسىر – Uyghur" lang="ug" hreflang="ug" data-title="مىسىر" data-language-autonym="ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche" data-language-local-name="Uyghur" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%84%D0%B3%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%82" title="Єгипет – Ukraina" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Єгипет" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukraina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%B5%D8%B1" title="مصر – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="مصر" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Misr" title="Misr – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Misr" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vec mw-list-item"><a href="https://vec.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ezito" title="Ezito – Venesia" lang="vec" hreflang="vec" data-title="Ezito" data-language-autonym="Vèneto" data-language-local-name="Venesia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vèneto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vep mw-list-item"><a href="https://vep.wikipedia.org/wiki/Egipt" title="Egipt – Veps" lang="vep" hreflang="vep" data-title="Egipt" data-language-autonym="Vepsän kel’" data-language-local-name="Veps" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vepsän kel’</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ai_C%E1%BA%ADp" title="Ai Cập – Vietnam" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Ai Cập" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vls mw-list-item"><a href="https://vls.wikipedia.org/wiki/Egypte" title="Egypte – West Flemish" lang="vls" hreflang="vls" data-title="Egypte" data-language-autonym="West-Vlams" data-language-local-name="West Flemish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>West-Vlams</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vo mw-list-item"><a href="https://vo.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%C3%A4g%C3%BCpt%C3%A4n" title="Lägüptän – Volapuk" lang="vo" hreflang="vo" data-title="Lägüptän" data-language-autonym="Volapük" data-language-local-name="Volapuk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Volapük</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wa mw-list-item"><a href="https://wa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edjipe" title="Edjipe – Walloon" lang="wa" hreflang="wa" data-title="Edjipe" data-language-autonym="Walon" data-language-local-name="Walloon" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Walon</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ehipto" title="Ehipto – Warai" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Ehipto" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="Warai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wo mw-list-item"><a href="https://wo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isipt" title="Isipt – Wolof" lang="wo" hreflang="wo" data-title="Isipt" data-language-autonym="Wolof" data-language-local-name="Wolof" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Wolof</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%9F%83%E5%8F%8A" title="埃及 – Wu Tionghoa" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="埃及" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu Tionghoa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xh mw-list-item"><a href="https://xh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jiphethe" title="Jiphethe – Xhosa" lang="xh" hreflang="xh" data-title="Jiphethe" data-language-autonym="IsiXhosa" data-language-local-name="Xhosa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>IsiXhosa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%94%E1%83%92%E1%83%95%E1%83%98%E1%83%9E%E1%83%A2%E1%83%94" title="ეგვიპტე – Mingrelian" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="ეგვიპტე" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="Mingrelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A2%D7%92%D7%99%D7%A4%D7%98%D7%9F" title="עגיפטן – Yiddish" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="עגיפטן" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="Yiddish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ייִדיש</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yo mw-list-item"><a href="https://yo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%8Cj%C3%ADpt%C3%AC" title="Ìjíptì – Yoruba" lang="yo" hreflang="yo" data-title="Ìjíptì" data-language-autonym="Yorùbá" data-language-local-name="Yoruba" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Yorùbá</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-za mw-list-item"><a href="https://za.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aihgiz" title="Aihgiz – Zhuang" lang="za" hreflang="za" data-title="Aihgiz" data-language-autonym="Vahcuengh" data-language-local-name="Zhuang" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vahcuengh</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zea mw-list-item"><a href="https://zea.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ehypte" title="Ehypte – Zeelandic" lang="zea" hreflang="zea" data-title="Ehypte" data-language-autonym="Zeêuws" data-language-local-name="Zeelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zeêuws</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zgh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zgh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E2%B5%8E%E2%B5%89%E2%B5%9A%E2%B5%95%E2%B4%B0" title="ⵎⵉⵚⵕⴰ – Tamazight Maroko Standar" lang="zgh" hreflang="zgh" data-title="ⵎⵉⵚⵕⴰ" data-language-autonym="ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵡⴰⵢⵜ" data-language-local-name="Tamazight Maroko Standar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵡⴰⵢⵜ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%9F%83%E5%8F%8A" title="埃及 – Tionghoa" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="埃及" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Tionghoa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-classical mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-classical.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%9F%83%E5%8F%8A" title="埃及 – Literary Chinese" lang="lzh" hreflang="lzh" data-title="埃及" data-language-autonym="文言" data-language-local-name="Literary Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>文言</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ai-ki%CC%8Dp" title="Ai-ki̍p – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Ai-ki̍p" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%9F%83%E5%8F%8A" title="埃及 – Kanton" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="埃及" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Kanton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zu mw-list-item"><a href="https://zu.wikipedia.org/wiki/IGibhithe" title="IGibhithe – Zulu" lang="zu" hreflang="zu" data-title="IGibhithe" data-language-autonym="IsiZulu" data-language-local-name="Zulu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>IsiZulu</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q79#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Sunting pranala interwiki" class="wbc-editpage">Sunting pranala</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Ruang nama"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Mesir" title="Lihat halaman isi [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Halaman</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Pembicaraan:Mesir" rel="discussion" title="Pembicaraan halaman isi [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Pembicaraan</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Ubah varian bahasa" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Bahasa Indonesia</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Tampilan"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Mesir"><span>Baca</span></a></li><li id="ca-ve-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mesir&veaction=edit" title="Sunting halaman ini [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Sunting</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="collapsible vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mesir&action=edit" title="Sunting kode sumber halaman ini [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Sunting sumber</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mesir&action=history" title="Revisi sebelumnya dari halaman ini. [h]" accesskey="h"><span>Lihat riwayat</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Peralatan halaman"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Perkakas" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Perkakas</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Perkakas</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">pindah ke bilah sisi</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">sembunyikan</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="Opsi lainnya" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Tindakan </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Mesir"><span>Baca</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-ve-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mesir&veaction=edit" title="Sunting halaman ini [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Sunting</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="collapsible vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mesir&action=edit" title="Sunting kode sumber halaman ini [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Sunting sumber</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mesir&action=history"><span>Lihat riwayat</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Umum </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Pranala_balik/Mesir" title="Daftar semua halaman wiki yang memiliki pranala ke halaman ini [j]" accesskey="j"><span>Pranala balik</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Perubahan_terkait/Mesir" rel="nofollow" title="Perubahan terbaru halaman-halaman yang memiliki pranala ke halaman ini [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Perubahan terkait</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mesir&oldid=27031626" title="Pranala permanen untuk revisi halaman ini"><span>Pranala permanen</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mesir&action=info" title="Informasi lanjut tentang halaman ini"><span>Informasi halaman</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Istimewa:Kutip&page=Mesir&id=27031626&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Informasi tentang bagaimana mengutip halaman ini"><span>Kutip halaman ini</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Istimewa:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Fid.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FMesir"><span>Lihat URL pendek</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Istimewa:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fid.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FMesir"><span>Unduh kode QR</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Cetak/ekspor </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-create_a_book" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Istimewa:Buku&bookcmd=book_creator&referer=Mesir"><span>Buat buku</span></a></li><li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Istimewa:DownloadAsPdf&page=Mesir&action=show-download-screen"><span>Unduh versi PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mesir&printable=yes" title="Versi cetak halaman ini [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Versi cetak</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Dalam proyek lain </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%B5%D8%B1" hreflang="en"><span>Wikimedia Commons</span></a></li><li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikiquote mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikiquote.org/wiki/Mesir" hreflang="id"><span>Wikikutip</span></a></li><li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikivoyage mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikivoyage.org/wiki/Mesir" hreflang="id"><span>Wikiwisata</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q79" title="Pranala untuk menghubungkan butir pada ruang penyimpanan data [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Butir di Wikidata</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Peralatan halaman"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Tampilan"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Tampilan</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">pindah ke bilah sisi</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">sembunyikan</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">Dari Wikipedia bahasa Indonesia, ensiklopedia bebas</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="id" dir="ltr"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r27002510">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive 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.mergedbottomrow .infobox-label,.mw-parser-output .ib-country .mergedbottomrow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-country .mergedbottomrow .infobox-full-data{border-top:0;border-bottom:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0 0.6em 0.4em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-b{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/7a/Picto_infobox_map.png")no-repeat top right}.mw-parser-output .ib-country .infobox-header{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .ib-country .infobox-above{font-size:125%;line-height:1.2}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-names{padding-top:0.25em;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-name-style{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .ib-country .infobox-image{padding:0.5em 0}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-anthem{border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding-top:0.5em;margin-top:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-map-caption{position:relative;top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-largest,.mw-parser-output .ib-country-lang{font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-ethnic,.mw-parser-output .ib-country-religion,.mw-parser-output .ib-country-sovereignty{font-weight:normal;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-fake-li{text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-fake-li2{text-indent:0.5em;margin-left:1em;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-website{line-height:11pt}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-map-caption3{position:relative;top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-fn{text-align:left;margin:0 auto}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-fn-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-fn-num{margin-left:1em}</style><table class="infobox ib-country vcard" style="font-size:88%;"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above adr" style="padding:0.25em 0.33em 0.33em;line-height:1.2em;font-size:1.25em;"><div style="display:inline" class="fn org country-name">Republik Arab Mesir</div><br /><div style="padding-top:0.25em; font-weight:normal;">جمهوريّة مصر العربيّة <br /><i>Jumhūriyyat Miṣr al-ʿArabiyyah</i> <span style="font-size:85%;">(<a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Arab" title="Bahasa Arab">Arab</a>)</span></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image" style="text-align:center;padding:0.5em 0;"><div style="display:table; width:100%;"> <div style="display:table-cell; width:58%; vertical-align:middle; padding-left:5px;"> <div style="padding-bottom:3px;"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Flag_of_Egypt.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Bendera Mesir"><img alt="Bendera Mesir" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Flag_of_Egypt.svg/125px-Flag_of_Egypt.svg.png" decoding="async" width="125" height="83" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Flag_of_Egypt.svg/188px-Flag_of_Egypt.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Flag_of_Egypt.svg/250px-Flag_of_Egypt.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></div> <div style="font-size:90%;"><a href="/wiki/Bendera_Mesir" title="Bendera Mesir">Bendera</a></div> </div> <div style="display:table-cell; vertical-align:middle; padding: 0px 5px;"> <div style="padding-bottom:3px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Coat_of_arms_of_Egypt_(Official).svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Lambang Mesir"><img alt="{{{coat_alt}}}" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a6/Coat_of_arms_of_Egypt_%28Official%29.svg/70px-Coat_of_arms_of_Egypt_%28Official%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="70" height="95" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a6/Coat_of_arms_of_Egypt_%28Official%29.svg/105px-Coat_of_arms_of_Egypt_%28Official%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a6/Coat_of_arms_of_Egypt_%28Official%29.svg/140px-Coat_of_arms_of_Egypt_%28Official%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="815" /></a></span></div> <div style="font-size:90%;"><a href="/wiki/Lambang_Mesir" title="Lambang Mesir"> Lambang</a></div> </div> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><div style="line-height:1.2em;"><b><a href="/wiki/Semboyan" class="mw-redirect" title="Semboyan">Semboyan</a>: </b>—</div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data anthem"><div style="line-height:1.2em;"><b><a href="/wiki/Lagu_kebangsaan" title="Lagu kebangsaan">Lagu kebangsaan</a>: </b><br />بلادي بلادي بلادي<br /><i><a href="/wiki/Biladi,_Biladi,_Biladi" title="Biladi, Biladi, Biladi">Biladi, Biladi, Biladi</a></i><br /> <span style="font-size:85%;">(<a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Indonesia" title="Bahasa Indonesia">Indonesia</a>: "Negeriku, Negeriku, Negeriku")</span> <div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span><audio id="mwe_player_0" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="220" style="width:220px;" data-durationhint="86" data-mwtitle="Bilady,_Bilady,_Bilady.ogg" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f2/Bilady%2C_Bilady%2C_Bilady.ogg" type="audio/ogg; codecs="vorbis"" data-width="0" data-height="0" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/f2/Bilady%2C_Bilady%2C_Bilady.ogg/Bilady%2C_Bilady%2C_Bilady.ogg.mp3" type="audio/mpeg" data-transcodekey="mp3" data-width="0" data-height="0" /><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3ABilady%2C_Bilady%2C_Bilady.ogg&lang=ar&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="ar" label="العربية ‪(ar)‬" data-dir="rtl" /><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3ABilady%2C_Bilady%2C_Bilady.ogg&lang=arz&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="arz" label="مصرى ‪(arz)‬" data-dir="rtl" /><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3ABilady%2C_Bilady%2C_Bilady.ogg&lang=cop&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="cop" label="ϯⲙⲉⲧⲣⲉⲙⲛ̀ⲭⲏⲙⲓ ‪(cop)‬" data-dir="ltr" /><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3ABilady%2C_Bilady%2C_Bilady.ogg&lang=en&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="en" label="English ‪(en)‬" data-dir="ltr" /><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3ABilady%2C_Bilady%2C_Bilady.ogg&lang=es&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="es" label="español ‪(es)‬" data-dir="ltr" /><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3ABilady%2C_Bilady%2C_Bilady.ogg&lang=fr&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="fr" label="français ‪(fr)‬" data-dir="ltr" /><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3ABilady%2C_Bilady%2C_Bilady.ogg&lang=id&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="id" label="Bahasa Indonesia ‪(id)‬" data-dir="ltr" /><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3ABilady%2C_Bilady%2C_Bilady.ogg&lang=kge&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="kge" label="Kumoring ‪(kge)‬" data-dir="ltr" /><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3ABilady%2C_Bilady%2C_Bilady.ogg&lang=ko&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="ko" label="한국어 ‪(ko)‬" data-dir="ltr" /><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3ABilady%2C_Bilady%2C_Bilady.ogg&lang=pt-br&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="pt-BR" label="português do Brasil ‪(pt-br)‬" data-dir="ltr" /><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3ABilady%2C_Bilady%2C_Bilady.ogg&lang=pt&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="pt" label="português ‪(pt)‬" data-dir="ltr" /><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3ABilady%2C_Bilady%2C_Bilady.ogg&lang=sw&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="sw" label="Kiswahili ‪(sw)‬" data-dir="ltr" /><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3ABilady%2C_Bilady%2C_Bilady.ogg&lang=vi&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="vi" label="Tiếng Việt ‪(vi)‬" data-dir="ltr" /><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3ABilady%2C_Bilady%2C_Bilady.ogg&lang=zh-tw&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="zh-Hant-TW" label="中文（臺灣） ‪(zh-tw)‬" data-dir="ltr" /><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3ABilady%2C_Bilady%2C_Bilady.ogg&lang=zh&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="zh" label="中文 ‪(zh)‬" data-dir="ltr" /></audio></span></span></div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><div class="switcher-container"><div><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Egypt_(orthographic_projection).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/Egypt_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg/220px-Egypt_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="220" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/Egypt_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg/330px-Egypt_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/Egypt_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg/440px-Egypt_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="550" data-file-height="550" /></a></span><span class="switcher-label" style="display:none" data-switcher-default="">Perlihatkan Bumi</span></div><div><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Location_Egypt_AU_Africa.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Location_Egypt_AU_Africa.svg/250px-Location_Egypt_AU_Africa.svg.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="232" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Location_Egypt_AU_Africa.svg/500px-Location_Egypt_AU_Africa.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="1400" data-file-height="1300" /></a></span><span class="switcher-label" style="display:none">Perlihatkan peta Afrika</span></div><div><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Flag-map_of_Egypt.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Flag-map_of_Egypt.svg/220px-Flag-map_of_Egypt.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="221" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Flag-map_of_Egypt.svg/330px-Flag-map_of_Egypt.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Flag-map_of_Egypt.svg/440px-Flag-map_of_Egypt.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1532" data-file-height="1537" /></a></span><span class="switcher-label" style="display:none">Perlihatkan peta Bendera</span></div></div><div style="font-size:90%;position:relative;top:0.3em;"><div style="text-align:center;font-size:11px;line-height:1.15em;"><span style="font-size:11px;">Lokasi <span style="font-size:2px;"> </span>Mesir<span style="font-size:8px;"><span class="nowrap">  </span></span>(hijau tua)</span><p style="font-size:11px;text-align:left;margin-left:1.2ex;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;line-height:1.15em;">– di <a href="/wiki/Afrika" title="Afrika">Afrika</a><span style="font-size:8px;"><span class="nowrap">  </span></span>(biru muda & kelabu tua)<br />– di <a href="/wiki/Uni_Afrika" title="Uni Afrika">Uni Afrika</a><span style="font-size:8px;"><span class="nowrap">  </span></span>(biru muda)</p></div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Berkas:Egypt_-_Location_Map_(2013)_-_EGY_-_UNOCHA.svg&lang=id" class="mw-file-description" title="Lokasi Mesir"><img alt="Lokasi Mesir" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/Egypt_-_Location_Map_%282013%29_-_EGY_-_UNOCHA.svg/langid-250px-Egypt_-_Location_Map_%282013%29_-_EGY_-_UNOCHA.svg.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="250" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/Egypt_-_Location_Map_%282013%29_-_EGY_-_UNOCHA.svg/langid-375px-Egypt_-_Location_Map_%282013%29_-_EGY_-_UNOCHA.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/Egypt_-_Location_Map_%282013%29_-_EGY_-_UNOCHA.svg/langid-500px-Egypt_-_Location_Map_%282013%29_-_EGY_-_UNOCHA.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="254" data-file-height="254" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Ibu_kota" title="Ibu kota">Ibu kota</a><br /><div style="font-weight:normal"><a href="/wiki/Daftar_kota_di_Mesir" title="Daftar kota di Mesir">(dan kota terbesar)</a></div></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Kairo" title="Kairo">Kairo</a><br /><span class="geo-inline"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r25917590">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Mesir&language=id&params=30_2_N_31_14_E_type:City"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">30°2′N</span> <span class="longitude">31°14′E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">30.033°N 31.233°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">30.033; 31.233</span></span></span></a></span></span></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Bahasa_resmi" title="Bahasa resmi">Bahasa resmi</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Arab" title="Bahasa Arab">Arab</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><span style="font-weight:normal;">Bahasa nasional yang diakui </span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Arab_Mesir" title="Bahasa Arab Mesir">Arab Mesir</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Agama" title="Agama">Agama</a> <div style="font-weight:normal;display:inline;"> (<a href="/wiki/2019" title="2019">2019</a>)</div></th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r23782729">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"><ul><li style="white-space:nowrap;">80,09% <a href="/wiki/Islam" title="Islam">Islam</a> (Resmi)</li><li style="white-space:nowrap;">19,90% <a href="/wiki/Kristen" class="mw-redirect" title="Kristen">Kristen</a></li><li style="white-space:nowrap;">0,01% <a href="/wiki/Agama_di_Mesir" title="Agama di Mesir">Agama Lainnya</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Demonim" title="Demonim">Demonim</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Orang_Mesir" title="Orang Mesir">Bangsa Mesir</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Politik_Mesir" title="Politik Mesir">Pemerintahan</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Negara_kesatuan" title="Negara kesatuan">Kesatuan</a> <a href="/wiki/Sistem_semi-presidensial" class="mw-redirect" title="Sistem semi-presidensial">semi-presidensial</a> <a href="/wiki/Republik" title="Republik">republik</a> <a href="/wiki/Konstitusional" title="Konstitusional">konstitusional</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r27002510" /></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">• <a href="/wiki/Presiden_Mesir" title="Presiden Mesir">Presiden</a> </div></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Abdul_Fattah_as-Sisi" title="Abdul Fattah as-Sisi">Abdul Fattah as-Sisi</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">• <a href="/wiki/Perdana_Menteri_Mesir" class="mw-redirect" title="Perdana Menteri Mesir">Perdana Menteri</a> </div></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Moustafa_Madbouly" title="Moustafa Madbouly">Moustafa Madbouly</a></td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Legislatif" title="Legislatif">Legislatif</a></th><td class="infobox-data">مجلس النواب<br /><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dewan_Perwakilan_Rakyat_(Mesir)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dewan Perwakilan Rakyat (Mesir) (halaman belum tersedia)">Majlis an-Nuwwab</a></i></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="text-align:left;">Pembentukan</th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r27002510" /></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">• Penyatuan <a href="/wiki/Mesir_Hulu_dan_Hilir" title="Mesir Hulu dan Hilir">Mesir Hulu dan Hilir</a> </div></th><td class="infobox-data">sekitar 3150 SM</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">• Ditaklukkan oleh <a href="/wiki/Kerajaan_Ptolemaik" title="Kerajaan Ptolemaik">Yunani</a> </div></th><td class="infobox-data">305 SM</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">• Ditaklukkan oleh <a href="/wiki/Penaklukan_Muslim_di_Mesir" class="mw-redirect" title="Penaklukan Muslim di Mesir">Muslim</a> </div></th><td class="infobox-data">642 M</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">• <a href="/wiki/Kesultanan_Mamluk_(Kairo)" title="Kesultanan Mamluk (Kairo)">Kesultanan Mamluk</a> </div></th><td class="infobox-data">2 Mei 1250</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">• <a href="/wiki/Eyalet_Mesir" title="Eyalet Mesir">Eyalet Mesir</a> </div></th><td class="infobox-data">22 Januari 1517</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">• <a href="/w/index.php?title=Dinasti_Muhammad_Ali&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dinasti Muhammad Ali (halaman belum tersedia)">Dinasti Muhammad Ali</a> diresmikan </div></th><td class="infobox-data">9 Juli 1805</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">• <a href="/wiki/Kewalirajaan_Mesir" title="Kewalirajaan Mesir">Kewalirajaan Mesir</a> </div></th><td class="infobox-data">8 Juni 1867</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">• <a href="/wiki/Kesultanan_Mesir" title="Kesultanan Mesir">Kesultanan Mesir</a> </div></th><td class="infobox-data">19 Desember 1914</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">• <a href="/wiki/Kemerdekaan" title="Kemerdekaan">Kemerdekaan</a> dari <a href="/wiki/Kerajaan_Bersatu_Britania_Raya_dan_Irlandia" class="mw-redirect" title="Kerajaan Bersatu Britania Raya dan Irlandia">Britania Raya</a> </div></th><td class="infobox-data">28 Februari 1922</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">• <a href="/wiki/Kerajaan_Mesir" title="Kerajaan Mesir">Kerajaan Mesir</a> </div></th><td class="infobox-data">15 Maret 1922</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">• <a href="/wiki/Revolusi_Mesir_1952" title="Revolusi Mesir 1952">Revolusi Mesir</a> </div></th><td class="infobox-data">23 Juli 1952</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">• <a href="/wiki/Republik_Mesir_(1953-1958)" class="mw-redirect" title="Republik Mesir (1953-1958)">Republik Mesir (1953-1958)</a> </div></th><td class="infobox-data">18 Juni 1953</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">• <a href="/wiki/Republik_Arab_Bersatu" title="Republik Arab Bersatu">Republik Arab Bersatu</a> </div></th><td class="infobox-data">22 Februari 1958</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">• <a href="/wiki/Federasi_Republik_Arab" title="Federasi Republik Arab">Federasi Republik Arab</a> </div></th><td class="infobox-data">1 Januari 1972</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">• Konstitusi saat ini </div></th><td class="infobox-data">18 Januari 2014</td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="text-align:left;">Luas</th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;"> - Total</div></th><td class="infobox-data">1.010.407 km<sup>2</sup> (<a href="/wiki/Daftar_negara_menurut_luas_wilayah" title="Daftar negara menurut luas wilayah">30</a>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedbottomrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;"> - <a href="/wiki/Perairan" title="Perairan">Perairan</a> (<a href="/wiki/Persentase" title="Persentase">%</a>)</div></th><td class="infobox-data">0,6</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="text-align:left;">Populasi</th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;"> - Perkiraan 2022</div></th><td class="infobox-data">107.770.524<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (<a href="/wiki/Daftar_negara_menurut_jumlah_penduduk" title="Daftar negara menurut jumlah penduduk">15</a>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;"> - Sensus Penduduk 2017</div></th><td class="infobox-data">94.798.827<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-capmas.gov.eg_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-capmas.gov.eg-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr class="mergedbottomrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;"> - <a href="/wiki/Kepadatan" class="mw-redirect" title="Kepadatan">Kepadatan</a></div></th><td class="infobox-data">102/km<sup>2</sup> (<a href="/wiki/Daftar_negara_menurut_kepadatan_penduduk" title="Daftar negara menurut kepadatan penduduk">118</a>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Produk_domestik_bruto" title="Produk domestik bruto">PDB</a> <span style="font-weight:normal;">(<a href="/wiki/Keseimbangan_kemampuan_berbelanja" title="Keseimbangan kemampuan berbelanja">KKB</a>)</span></th><td class="infobox-data">2022</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;"> - Total</div></th><td class="infobox-data"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Kenaikan"><img alt="Kenaikan" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/20px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/40px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> $1,493 trilliun<sup id="cite_ref-IMFWEOEG_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-IMFWEOEG-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (<a href="/wiki/Daftar_negara_menurut_PDB_(KKB)" title="Daftar negara menurut PDB (KKB)">21</a>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedbottomrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;"> - <a href="/wiki/Per_kapita" title="Per kapita">Per kapita</a></div></th><td class="infobox-data"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Kenaikan"><img alt="Kenaikan" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/20px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/40px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> $14.226<sup id="cite_ref-IMFWEOEG_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-IMFWEOEG-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (<a href="/wiki/Daftar_negara_menurut_PDB_(KKB)" title="Daftar negara menurut PDB (KKB)">99</a>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Produk_domestik_bruto" title="Produk domestik bruto">PDB</a> <span style="font-weight:normal;">(nominal)</span></th><td class="infobox-data">2022</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;"> - Total</div></th><td class="infobox-data"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Kenaikan"><img alt="Kenaikan" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/20px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/40px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> $438,348 miliar<sup id="cite_ref-IMFWEOEG_4-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-IMFWEOEG-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (<a href="/wiki/Daftar_negara_menurut_PDB_(nominal)" title="Daftar negara menurut PDB (nominal)">36</a>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedbottomrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;"> - <a href="/wiki/Per_kapita" title="Per kapita">Per kapita</a></div></th><td class="infobox-data"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Kenaikan"><img alt="Kenaikan" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/20px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/40px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> $4.176<sup id="cite_ref-IMFWEOEG_4-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-IMFWEOEG-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (<a href="/wiki/Daftar_negara_menurut_PDB_(nominal)_per_kapita" title="Daftar negara menurut PDB (nominal) per kapita">118</a>)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Koefisien_Gini" title="Koefisien Gini">Gini</a> <span style="font-weight:normal;">(2017)</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><span title="Steady"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="Steady" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/11px-Steady2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/17px-Steady2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/22px-Steady2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span></span> 31,5<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br /><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><span style="color:orange">sedang</span></span> · <a href="/wiki/Daftar_negara_menurut_kesetaraan_pendapatan" title="Daftar negara menurut kesetaraan pendapatan">46</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Indeks_Pembangunan_Manusia" title="Indeks Pembangunan Manusia">IPM</a> <span style="font-weight:normal;">(2021)</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Kenaikan"><img alt="Kenaikan" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/20px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/40px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 0,731<sup id="cite_ref-HDI_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-HDI-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br /><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><span style="color:forestgreen">tinggi</span></span> · <a href="/wiki/Daftar_negara_menurut_Indeks_Pembangunan_Manusia" title="Daftar negara menurut Indeks Pembangunan Manusia">97</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Mata_uang" title="Mata uang">Mata uang</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Pound_Mesir" title="Pound Mesir">Pound Mesir</a> (ج.م.) <br />(<code><a href="/wiki/ISO_4217" title="ISO 4217">EGP</a></code>)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Zona_waktu" title="Zona waktu">Zona waktu</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Waktu_Eropa_Timur" title="Waktu Eropa Timur">Waktu Eropa Timur</a> (EET)<br />(<span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Waktu_Universal_Terkoordinasi" title="Waktu Universal Terkoordinasi">UTC</a>+2</span>)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Arah_lalu_lintas" title="Arah lalu lintas">Lajur kemudi</a></th><td class="infobox-data">kanan</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Daftar_kode_telepon_negara_di_dunia" title="Daftar kode telepon negara di dunia">Kode telepon</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%2B20&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="+20 (halaman belum tersedia)">+20</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/ISO_3166" title="ISO 3166">Kode ISO 3166</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/ISO_3166-2:EG" title="ISO 3166-2:EG">EG</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Ranah_Internet_tingkat_teratas" class="mw-redirect" title="Ranah Internet tingkat teratas">Ranah Internet</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/.eg" title=".eg">.eg</a> <br /> <a href="/wiki/%D9%85%D8%B5%D8%B1." title="مصر.">مصر.</a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><div style="line-height:11pt"><b>Situs web resmi</b><br /><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.egypt.gov.eg/english/home.aspx">egypt.gov.eg</a></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><div style="text-align:left;margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"><ol style="font-size:90%; margin-left:1em;"> <li value="1"><a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Arab_Baku_Modern" title="Bahasa Arab Baku Modern">Sastra Arab</a> adalah satu-satunya bahasa resmi. <a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Arab_Mesir" title="Bahasa Arab Mesir">Arab Mesir</a> adalah <a href="/wiki/Bahasa_lisan" class="mw-redirect" title="Bahasa lisan">bahasa lisan</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bahasa_di_Mesir&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bahasa di Mesir (halaman belum tersedia)">Dialek lain dan bahasa minoritas</a> dituturkan secara regional.</li> </ol></div></td></tr><tr style="font-size:90%;"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><div style="text-align:left;margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r18590415">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist"><ul><li class="nv-lihat"><a href="/wiki/Templat:Mesir_infobox" title="Templat:Mesir infobox"><span title="Lihat templat ini">lihat</span></a></li><li class="nv-bicara"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pembicaraan_Templat:Mesir_infobox&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pembicaraan Templat:Mesir infobox (halaman belum tersedia)"><span title="Diskusikan templat ini">bicara</span></a></li><li class="nv-sunting"><a class="external text" href="https://id.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Templat:Mesir_infobox&action=edit"><span title="Sunting templat ini">sunting</span></a></li></ul></div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-below mergedtoprow noprint"><div class="none" style="font-weight:normal;font-size:80%; line-height:normal;text-align:left;height:20px;padding-top:0.2em;;margin-left:0;margin-right:0;padding-left:0.2em; padding-right:0.2em;padding-top:0.1em"> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="Sunting kotak info" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></span><figcaption></figcaption></figure><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://id.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Templat:Infobox_country&action=edit&section=top&editintro=Templat:Infobox/editintro2"><span style="color:#3464c9"><b>Sunting kotak info</b></span></a></span> • <a href="/wiki/Templat:Infobox_country" title="Templat:Infobox country"><span style="display:inline-text;color:#3464c9">Lihat</span></a> • <a href="/wiki/Pembicaraan_Templat:Infobox_country" title="Pembicaraan Templat:Infobox country"><span style="color:#3464c9">Bicara</span></a><figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Templat:Infobox_country/doc" title="Bantuan penggunaan templat ini"><img alt="Info templat" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Info_Simple.svg/10px-Info_Simple.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Info_Simple.svg/15px-Info_Simple.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Info_Simple.svg/20px-Info_Simple.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></a><figcaption>Bantuan penggunaan templat ini</figcaption></figure> </div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Mesir</b> (<a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Arab" title="Bahasa Arab">bahasa Arab</a>: <span lang="ar">مصر</span>, <span style="font-size:85%;"><abbr title="transliterasi">translit.</abbr> </span><i><span title="Arab-language romanization"><i lang="ar-Latn">Miṣr</i></span></i>), secara resmi bernama <b>Republik Arab Mesir</b> (<a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Arab" title="Bahasa Arab">bahasa Arab</a>: <span lang="ar">جمهورية مصر العربية</span>, <span style="font-size:85%;"><abbr title="transliterasi">translit.</abbr> </span><i><span title="Arab-language romanization"><i lang="ar-Latn">Jumhūriyyat Miṣr al-ʿArabiyyah</i></span></i>) adalah sebuah negara transbenua yang membentang dari timur laut <a href="/wiki/Afrika" title="Afrika">Afrika</a> sampai ke <a href="/wiki/Semenanjung_Sinai" title="Semenanjung Sinai">Semenanjung Sinai</a> di <a href="/wiki/Asia" title="Asia">Asia</a> barat daya. Mesir berbatasan dengan <a href="/wiki/Laut_Tengah" title="Laut Tengah">Laut Tengah</a> di sebelah utara, <a href="/wiki/Jalur_Gaza" title="Jalur Gaza">Jalur Gaza</a> <a href="/wiki/Palestina" title="Palestina">Palestina</a> dan <a href="/wiki/Israel" title="Israel">Israel</a> di sebelah timur laut, <a href="/wiki/Laut_Merah" title="Laut Merah">Laut Merah</a> di sebelah timur, <a href="/wiki/Sudan" title="Sudan">Sudan</a> di sebelah selatan, dan <a href="/wiki/Libya" title="Libya">Libya</a> di sebelah barat. <a href="/wiki/Teluk_Aqaba" class="mw-redirect" title="Teluk Aqaba">Teluk Aqaba</a> di sebelah timur laut memisahkan Mesir dengan <a href="/wiki/Yordania" title="Yordania">Yordania</a> dan <a href="/wiki/Arab_Saudi" title="Arab Saudi">Arab Saudi</a>. <a href="/wiki/Kairo" title="Kairo">Kairo</a> adalah ibu kota dan kota terbesar di Mesir, sedangkan <a href="/wiki/Alexandria" class="mw-redirect" title="Alexandria">Alexandria</a>, kota terbesar kedua, adalah pusat industri dan pariwisata yang penting di pesisir <a href="/wiki/Laut_Tengah" title="Laut Tengah">Laut Tengah</a>. Memiliki kurang lebih 100 juta penduduk, Mesir adalah negara berpenduduk terbanyak ke-14 di dunia, dan terbanyak ketiga di <a href="/wiki/Afrika" title="Afrika">Afrika</a>. </p><p>Mesir adalah salah satu negara yang memiliki sejarah terpanjang daripada negara manapun, dengan peninggalan sejarah yang bisa ditelusuri di sepanjang Delta <a href="/wiki/Sungai_Nil" title="Sungai Nil">Sungai Nil</a> dari milenium ke-6 hingga ke-4 Sebelum Masehi. Dianggap sebagai salah satu tempat lahirnya <a href="/wiki/Peradaban" title="Peradaban">peradaban</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mesir_Kuno" title="Mesir Kuno">Mesir Kuno</a> menjadi tempat perkembangan awal tulisan, pertanian, <a href="/wiki/Urbanisasi" title="Urbanisasi">urbanisasi</a>, agama, dan pemerintahan. Mesir adalah pusat penting bagi <a href="/wiki/Kekristenan" title="Kekristenan">Kekristenan</a> awal, dan kemudian mengadopsi <a href="/wiki/Islam" title="Islam">Islam</a> sejak abad ketujuh. Kairo menjadi ibu kota <a href="/wiki/Kekhalifahan_Fatimiyah" class="mw-redirect" title="Kekhalifahan Fatimiyah">Kekhalifahan Fatimiyah</a> pada abad ke-10, dan <a href="/wiki/Kesultanan_Mamluk" class="mw-redirect" title="Kesultanan Mamluk">Kesultanan Mamluk</a> pada abad ke-13. Mesir kemudian menjadi bagian dari <a href="/wiki/Kekaisaran_Utsmaniyah" class="mw-redirect" title="Kekaisaran Utsmaniyah">Kekaisaran Utsmaniyah</a> pada tahun 1517, kemudian <a href="/wiki/Muhammad_Ali_dari_Mesir" title="Muhammad Ali dari Mesir">Muhammad Ali</a> memisahkan Mesir dan mendirikan <a href="/wiki/Kewalirajaan_Mesir" title="Kewalirajaan Mesir">Kewalirajaan Mesir</a> pada tahun 1867. </p><p>Mesir kemudian diduduki oleh <a href="/wiki/Britania_Raya" title="Britania Raya">Britania Raya</a> dan meraih kemerdekaan pada tahun 1922 sebagai negara monarki. Setelah revolusi tahun 1952, Mesir menyatakan dirinya sebagai <a href="/wiki/Republik" title="Republik">republik</a>. Pada periode singkat antara 1958 dan 1961, Mesir bergabung dengan <a href="/wiki/Suriah" title="Suriah">Suriah</a> membentuk <a href="/wiki/Republik_Arab_Bersatu" title="Republik Arab Bersatu">Republik Arab Bersatu</a>. Mesir berperang beberapa kali dengan <a href="/wiki/Israel" title="Israel">Israel</a> pada tahun 1948, 1956, 1967, dan 1973, dan menduduki <a href="/wiki/Jalur_Gaza" title="Jalur Gaza">Jalur Gaza</a> secara bergantian hingga tahun 1967. Pada tahun 1978, Mesir menandatangani <a href="/wiki/Perjanjian_Perdamaian_Camp_David" title="Perjanjian Perdamaian Camp David">Perjanjian Perdamaian Camp David</a>, yang mengakui kedaulatan Israel, sebagai imbalannya Israel menarik pasukannya dari <a href="/wiki/Semenanjung_Sinai" title="Semenanjung Sinai">Semenanjung Sinai</a>. Setelah pergolakan <a href="/wiki/Kebangkitan_dunia_Arab" title="Kebangkitan dunia Arab">Arab Spring</a>, yang memicu revolusi Mesir pada tahun 2011 dan penggulingan <a href="/wiki/Hosni_Mubarak" title="Hosni Mubarak">Hosni Mubarak</a>, negara ini menghadapi periode ketidakstabilan politik, termasuk pemilihan umum pada tahun 2012 dan digulingkannya <a href="/wiki/Mohamed_Morsi" class="mw-redirect" title="Mohamed Morsi">Mohamed Morsi</a> pada tahun 2013. </p><p>Pemerintahan Mesir saat ini adalah republik semi-presidensial yang dipimpin oleh presiden <a href="/wiki/Abdel_Fattah_el-Sisi" class="mw-redirect" title="Abdel Fattah el-Sisi">Abdel Fattah el-Sisi</a> sejak tahun 2014. <a href="/wiki/Islam" title="Islam">Islam</a> adalah agama resmi Mesir, dan <a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Arab" title="Bahasa Arab">bahasa Arab</a> adalah bahasa resminya. Mayoritas penduduknya tinggal di sekitar tepi <a href="/wiki/Sungai_Nil" title="Sungai Nil">Sungai Nil</a>, wilayah dengan luas sekitar 40.000 kilometer persegi, lokasi satu-satunya yang memiliki lahan subur. Kawasan <a href="/wiki/Gurun_Sahara" title="Gurun Sahara">gurun Sahara</a>, yang merupakan bentang alam hampir keseluruhan wilayah Mesir, jarang dihuni penduduk. Sekitar 43% penduduk Mesir tinggal di kawasan perkotaan, terutama di Kairo, Alexandria, dan kota-kota besar lainnya di Delta Nil. Mesir dianggap sebagai kekuatan regional di <a href="/wiki/Afrika_Utara" title="Afrika Utara">Afrika Utara</a>, <a href="/wiki/Timur_Tengah" title="Timur Tengah">Timur Tengah</a>, dan <a href="/wiki/Dunia_Muslim" class="mw-redirect" title="Dunia Muslim">dunia Muslim</a>, serta kekuatan menengah di dunia. Mesir adalah negara berkembang dengan ekonomi terbesar di Afrika, ekonomi terbesar ke-38 di dunia berdasarkan <a href="/wiki/Produk_domestik_bruto" title="Produk domestik bruto">PDB</a> nominal dan ke-127 berdasarkan PDB nominal per kapita. Mesir adalah anggota <a href="/wiki/Perserikatan_Bangsa-Bangsa" title="Perserikatan Bangsa-Bangsa">Perserikatan Bangsa-Bangsa</a>, <a href="/wiki/Gerakan_Non-Blok" class="mw-redirect" title="Gerakan Non-Blok">Gerakan Non-Blok</a>, <a href="/wiki/Liga_Arab" title="Liga Arab">Liga Arab</a>, <a href="/wiki/Uni_Afrika" title="Uni Afrika">Uni Afrika</a>, <a href="/wiki/Organisasi_Kerja_Sama_Islam" class="mw-redirect" title="Organisasi Kerja Sama Islam">Organisasi Kerja Sama Islam</a>, Forum Pemuda Dunia, dan anggota <a href="/wiki/BRICS" title="BRICS">BRICS</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Etimologi">Etimologi</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mesir&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Sunting bagian: Etimologi" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mesir&action=edit&section=1" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Etimologi"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Nama <b>Mesir</b> dalam <a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Indonesia" title="Bahasa Indonesia">bahasa Indonesia</a>, berasal dari istilah Arab <i><span title="Arab-language romanization"><i lang="ar-Latn">Miṣr</i></span></i> (<style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r24300501">.mw-parser-output .IPA-label-small{font-size:85%}.mw-parser-output .reference-text .IPA-label-small,.mw-parser-output .infobox .IPA-label-small,.mw-parser-output .navbox .IPA-label-small{font-size:100%}</style><span class="IPA-label IPA-label-small">IPA:</span> <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="ar-Latn-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Bantuan:IPA/Bahasa_Arab" title="Bantuan:IPA/Bahasa Arab">[mi̠sˤr]</a></span> atau <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r24300501" /><span class="IPA-label IPA-label-small">pelafalan dalam <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bahasa_Egyptian_Arabic&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bahasa Egyptian Arabic (halaman belum tersedia)">bahasa Egyptian Arabic</a>:</span> <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="arz-Latn-fonipa"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bantuan:IPA/Bahasa_Arab_Mesir&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bantuan:IPA/Bahasa Arab Mesir (halaman belum tersedia)">[mesˤɾ]</a></span>; <a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Arab" title="Bahasa Arab">bahasa Arab</a>: <span lang="ar">مِصر</span>) adalah <a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Arab" title="Bahasa Arab">Arab klasik</a> Al Quran dan menjadi nama resmi Mesir, sementara <i><span title="Egyptian Arabic-language romanization"><i lang="arz-Latn">Maṣr</i></span></i> (<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r24300501" /><span class="IPA-label IPA-label-small">IPA:</span> <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="arz-Latn-fonipa"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bantuan:IPA/Bahasa_Arab_Mesir&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bantuan:IPA/Bahasa Arab Mesir (halaman belum tersedia)">[mɑsˤɾ]</a></span>; <a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Arab_Mesir" title="Bahasa Arab Mesir">bahasa Arab Mesir</a>: <span lang="arz">مَصر</span>) adalah penyebutan lokal Bahasa Arab dialek Mesir. Nama ini berasal dari <a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Semit" class="mw-redirect" title="Bahasa Semit">rumpun Semit</a>, secara langsung terkait dengan nama Mesir dalam bahasa Semit lainnya, seperti <a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Ibrani" title="Bahasa Ibrani">Ibrani</a> <span style="font-size:125%; font-family:'Ezra SIL', 'Ezra SIL SR', 'Keter Aram Tsova', 'Taamey Ashkenaz', 'Taamey David CLM', 'Taamey Frank CLM', 'Frank Ruehl CLM', 'Keter YG', 'Shofar', 'David CLM', 'Hadasim CLM', 'Simple CLM', 'Nachlieli', 'SBL BibLit', 'SBL Hebrew', Cardo, Alef, 'Noto Serif Hebrew', 'Noto Sans Hebrew', 'David Libre', David, 'Times New Roman', Gisha, Arial" dir="rtl">מִצְרַיִם</span> (<i><span title="Ibrani-language romanization"><i lang="he-Latn">Mitzráyim</i></span></i>). Catatan tertua yang merujuk mengenai nama Mesir, tercatat dalam <a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Akkadia" title="Bahasa Akkadia">Akkadia</a> 𒆳 𒈪 𒄑 𒊒 <sup><b>KUR</b></sup><b>mi-iṣ-ru</b> <i>miṣru,</i><sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> terkait dengan istilah <i>miṣru/miṣirru/miṣaru</i>, yang bermakna "perbatasan" atau "daerah pinggiran".<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Sejarah">Sejarah</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mesir&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Sunting bagian: Sejarah" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mesir&action=edit&section=2" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Sejarah"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r18844875">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Artikel utama: <a href="/wiki/Sejarah_Mesir" title="Sejarah Mesir">Sejarah Mesir</a></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Mesir_kuno">Mesir kuno</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mesir&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Sunting bagian: Mesir kuno" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mesir&action=edit&section=3" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Mesir kuno"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r18844875" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Artikel utama: <a href="/wiki/Mesir_Kuno" title="Mesir Kuno">Mesir Kuno</a></div> <p>Mesir adalah salah satu negara tertua di dunia. Usianya sudah lebih dari 5000 tahun. Suku asli Mesir adalah suku yang nomaden dari <a href="/wiki/Gurun_Sahara" title="Gurun Sahara">Gurun Sahara</a>, <a href="/wiki/Afrika" title="Afrika">Afrika</a>. Selama tiga ribu tahun Mesir dipimpin oleh Firaun dari dinasti ke dinasti yang jumlahnya ada 30 dinasti, yang jumlah 140 Firaun yang berkuasa dari tahun ke tahun. Mesir kuno dibagi menjadi 3 era, Old Kingdom, Middle Kingdom dan New Kingdom. Setelah era New Kingdom, Kerajaan Mesir Kuno mengalami keruntuhan dan dikuasai oleh Suku dari luar yaitu suku Romawi (oleh The Great Alexander), Arab, Turki (oleh <a href="/wiki/Kesultanan_Utsmaniyah" title="Kesultanan Utsmaniyah">Kesultanan Utsmaniyah</a>). Peninggalan peninggalan dari kerajaan Mesir kuno sangat banyak, contohnya ada Piramida Giza di Giza, Sfinks (Giza), Lembah para raja, Red Pyramid, Piramida Sakkara, Kota Memphis (kota Mesir kuno). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Mesir_Arab_dan_Utsmaniyah">Mesir Arab dan Utsmaniyah</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mesir&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Sunting bagian: Mesir Arab dan Utsmaniyah" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mesir&action=edit&section=4" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Mesir Arab dan Utsmaniyah"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r18844875" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Artikel utama: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sejarah_Muslim_Mesir&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sejarah Muslim Mesir (halaman belum tersedia)">Sejarah Muslim Mesir</a> dan <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sejarah_Mesir_Utsmaniyah&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sejarah Mesir Utsmaniyah (halaman belum tersedia)">Sejarah Mesir Utsmaniyah</a></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r18844875" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Informasi lebih lanjut: <a href="/wiki/Kampanye_Prancis_di_Mesir_dan_Suriah" class="mw-redirect" title="Kampanye Prancis di Mesir dan Suriah">Kampanye Prancis di Mesir dan Suriah</a>, <a href="/wiki/Perang_Utsmaniyah-Saudi" title="Perang Utsmaniyah-Saudi">Perang Utsmaniyah-Saudi</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Perebutan_kekuasaan_Muhammad_Ali&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Perebutan kekuasaan Muhammad Ali (halaman belum tersedia)">Perebutan kekuasaan Muhammad Ali</a>, <a href="/wiki/Perang_Mesir-Utsmaniyah_1831" class="mw-redirect" title="Perang Mesir-Utsmaniyah 1831">Perang Mesir-Utsmaniyah 1831</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Perang_Mesir-Utsmaniyah_(1839-41)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Perang Mesir-Utsmaniyah (1839-41) (halaman belum tersedia)">Perang Mesir-Utsmaniyah (1839-41)</a> dan <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kekhadawiyahan_Mesir&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kekhadawiyahan Mesir (halaman belum tersedia)">Kekhadawiyahan Mesir</a></div> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Yavuz_Sultan_I._Selim_Han.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1d/Yavuz_Sultan_I._Selim_Han.jpg/150px-Yavuz_Sultan_I._Selim_Han.jpg" decoding="async" width="150" height="208" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1d/Yavuz_Sultan_I._Selim_Han.jpg/225px-Yavuz_Sultan_I._Selim_Han.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1d/Yavuz_Sultan_I._Selim_Han.jpg/300px-Yavuz_Sultan_I._Selim_Han.jpg 2x" data-file-width="359" data-file-height="497" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Selim_I" title="Selim I">Salim I</a> (1470–1520), penakluk Mesir</figcaption></figure> <p>Bizantium mampu membangun kontrol di <a href="/wiki/Negara" title="Negara">negara</a> itu setelah invasi singkat <a href="/w/index.php?title=Aegyptus_(Provinsi_Roma)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Aegyptus (Provinsi Roma) (halaman belum tersedia)">Persia</a> pada awal <a href="/wiki/Abad_ke-7" class="mw-redirect" title="Abad ke-7">abad ke-7</a>, sampai <a href="/wiki/639" title="639">639</a>-<a href="/wiki/642" title="642">42</a>, ketika Mesir di<a href="/wiki/Invasi" title="Invasi">invasi</a> dan <a href="/wiki/Penaklukan_Muslim_di_Mesir" class="mw-redirect" title="Penaklukan Muslim di Mesir">ditaklukkan oleh Khalifah</a> oleh <a href="/wiki/Muslim" title="Muslim">Muslim</a> <a href="/wiki/Arab" class="mw-disambig" title="Arab">Arab</a>. Ketika mereka mengalahkan tentara <a href="/wiki/Bizantium" class="mw-redirect" title="Bizantium">Bizantium</a> di Mesir, orang Arab membawa <a href="/wiki/Islam_Sunni" class="mw-redirect" title="Islam Sunni">Islam Sunni</a> kesana. Pada awal periode, orang Mesir mulai membaurkan iman mereka kepercayaan <a href="/wiki/Adat" title="Adat">adat</a> dan praktik, yang menyebabkan berbagai tarekat <a href="/wiki/Sufisme" title="Sufisme">Sufi</a> berkembang sampai hari ini.<sup id="cite_ref-georgetown1_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-georgetown1-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Ritus-ritus ini selamat dari <a href="/wiki/Gereja_Ortodoks_Koptik_Alexandria" class="mw-redirect" title="Gereja Ortodoks Koptik Alexandria">Gereja Ortodoks Kubti Iskandariyah</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:RecepcionMehmetAli.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/RecepcionMehmetAli.jpg/220px-RecepcionMehmetAli.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="152" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/RecepcionMehmetAli.jpg/330px-RecepcionMehmetAli.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/RecepcionMehmetAli.jpg/440px-RecepcionMehmetAli.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1044" data-file-height="720" /></a><figcaption>Laksamana <a href="/wiki/Inggris" title="Inggris">Inggris</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Edward_Codrington&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Edward Codrington (halaman belum tersedia)">Codrington</a> bernegosiasi dengan <a href="/wiki/Muhammad_Ali_dari_Mesir" title="Muhammad Ali dari Mesir">Muhammad Ali Pasya</a> di istana terakhir di <a href="/wiki/Iskandariyah" class="mw-redirect" title="Iskandariyah">Iskandariyah</a>.</figcaption></figure> <p>Penguasa Muslim ditunjuk <a href="/wiki/Khalifah" title="Khalifah">kekhalifahan Islam</a> untuk tetap <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sejarah_Arab-Mesir&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sejarah Arab-Mesir (halaman belum tersedia)">menguasai Mesir</a> selama enam <a href="/wiki/Abad" title="Abad">abad</a> berikutnya, dengan <a href="/wiki/Kairo" title="Kairo">Kairo</a> sebagai pusat kekhalifahan dibawah <a href="/wiki/Kekhalifahan_Fatimiyah" class="mw-redirect" title="Kekhalifahan Fatimiyah">Fathimiyah</a>. Dengan berakhirnya <a href="/wiki/Dinasti_Ayyubiyah" title="Dinasti Ayyubiyah">Dinasti Ayyubiyah</a> <a href="/wiki/Orang_Kurdi" title="Orang Kurdi">Kurdi</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mamluk" title="Mamluk">Mamluk</a>, sebuah kasta <a href="/wiki/Militer" title="Militer">militer</a> <a href="/wiki/Bangsa_Turki" class="mw-redirect" title="Bangsa Turki">Turko</a>-<a href="/w/index.php?title=Orang_Adyghe&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Orang Adyghe (halaman belum tersedia)">Sirkasia</a>, mengambil kontrol pada <a href="/wiki/1250" title="1250">1250</a> <a href="/wiki/Masehi" title="Masehi">M</a>. Pada akhir <a href="/wiki/Abad_ke-13" class="mw-redirect" title="Abad ke-13">abad ke-13</a>, Mesir menghubungkan <a href="/wiki/Laut_Merah" title="Laut Merah">Laut Merah</a>, <a href="/wiki/India" title="India">India</a>, <a href="/wiki/Malaya" class="mw-redirect" title="Malaya">Malaya</a>, dan <a href="/wiki/Samudra_Hindia" title="Samudra Hindia">Samudra Hindia</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Abu-Lughod_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Abu-Lughod-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Mereka terus memerintah negara itu sampai <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sejarah_Mesir_Utsmaniyah&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sejarah Mesir Utsmaniyah (halaman belum tersedia)">penaklukan Mesir</a> oleh <a href="/wiki/Turki_Utsmaniyah" class="mw-redirect" title="Turki Utsmaniyah">Turki Utsmaniyah</a> pada <a href="/wiki/1517" title="1517">1517</a>, yang setelahnya Mesir akan menjadi provinsi dari <a href="/wiki/Kesultanan_Utsmaniyah" title="Kesultanan Utsmaniyah">Kesultanan Utsmaniyah</a>. Sekitar 40% populasi Mesir pada pertengahan <a href="/wiki/Abad_ke-14" class="mw-redirect" title="Abad ke-14">abad ke-14</a> terbunuh oleh <a href="/wiki/Kematian_Hitam" class="mw-redirect" title="Kematian Hitam">Kematian Hitam</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Setelah <a href="/wiki/Abad_ke-15" class="mw-redirect" title="Abad ke-15">abad ke-15</a>, invasi <a href="/wiki/Kesultanan_Utsmaniyah" title="Kesultanan Utsmaniyah">Utsmaniyah</a> menekan sistem Mesir mengalami kemunduran. Militarisasi defensif merusak masyarakat sipil dan institusi <a href="/wiki/Ekonomi" title="Ekonomi">ekonomi</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Abu-Lughod_12-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Abu-Lughod-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Melemahnya sistem ekonomi yang dikombinasikan dengan efek dari penyakit pes yang meninggalkan Mesir yang membuat ia rentan dari <a href="/wiki/Invasi" title="Invasi">invasi</a> asing. Pedagang <a href="/wiki/Portugis" class="mw-redirect" title="Portugis">Portugis</a> mengambil alih perdagangan mereka.<sup id="cite_ref-Abu-Lughod_12-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Abu-Lughod-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Mesir mengalami enam kelaparan antara <a href="/wiki/1687" title="1687">1687</a> dan <a href="/wiki/1731" title="1731">1731</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Kelaparan" title="Kelaparan">Kelaparan</a> <a href="/wiki/1784" title="1784">1784</a> menyebabkan kerugian yang kira-kira seperenam dari penduduknya.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Francois-Louis-Joseph_Watteau_001.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/Francois-Louis-Joseph_Watteau_001.jpg/220px-Francois-Louis-Joseph_Watteau_001.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="170" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/Francois-Louis-Joseph_Watteau_001.jpg/330px-Francois-Louis-Joseph_Watteau_001.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/Francois-Louis-Joseph_Watteau_001.jpg/440px-Francois-Louis-Joseph_Watteau_001.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2409" data-file-height="1865" /></a><figcaption><i><a href="/wiki/Pertempuran_Piramida" title="Pertempuran Piramida">Pertempuran Piramida</a></i>, <a href="/wiki/21_Juli" title="21 Juli">21 Juli</a> <a href="/wiki/1798" title="1798">1798</a>, oleh <a href="/w/index.php?title=Fran%C3%A7ois-Louis-Joseph_Watteau&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="François-Louis-Joseph Watteau (halaman belum tersedia)">François-Louis-Joseph Watteau</a>.</figcaption></figure> <p><a href="/w/index.php?title=Invasi_Prancis_di_Mesir_(1798)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Invasi Prancis di Mesir (1798) (halaman belum tersedia)">Invasi Prancis di Mesir</a> yang singkat itu dipimpin oleh <a href="/wiki/Napoleon_Bonaparte" title="Napoleon Bonaparte">Napoleon Bonaparte</a> yang dimulai pada <a href="/wiki/1798" title="1798">1798</a>. Pengusiran Prancis pada <a href="/wiki/1801" title="1801">1801</a> oleh tentara <a href="/wiki/Turki_Utsmani" class="mw-redirect" title="Turki Utsmani">Utsmaniyah</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mamluk" title="Mamluk">Mamluk</a>, dan <a href="/wiki/Britania_Raya" title="Britania Raya">Britania</a> diikuti dengan empat tahun masa anarki sewaktu bangsa Utsmaniyah, Mamluk, dan <a href="/wiki/Orang_Albania" title="Orang Albania">Albania</a>—yang biasanya tunduk kepada Utsmaniyah—saling berebut kekuasaan. Saat kekacauan ini, komandan resimen Albania, <a href="/wiki/Muhammad_Ali_dari_Mesir" title="Muhammad Ali dari Mesir">Muhammad Ali Pasya</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Kavalali_Mehmed_Ali_Pasha&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kavalali Mehmed Ali Pasha (halaman belum tersedia)">Kavalali Mehmed Ali Pasha</a>) muncul sebagai tokoh, dan pada <a href="/wiki/1805" title="1805">1805</a> tanpa sepengetahuan <a href="/wiki/Sultan" title="Sultan">Sultan</a> di <a href="/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul">Istanbul</a>, Muhammad Ali diangkat sebagai <a href="/wiki/Viceroy" class="mw-redirect" title="Viceroy">raja muda</a> di Mesir. Pada tahun 1882 negara ini dikuasai <a href="/wiki/Britania_Raya" title="Britania Raya">Britania Raya</a>. Selama kekuasan Inggris (Britania) penduduk Mesir mengalami banyak penderitaan, seperti dibunuh, dijadikan buruh paksa tanpa istirahat dan dibiarkan <a href="/wiki/Kelaparan" title="Kelaparan">kelaparan</a> sampai mati. Mesir memperoleh kemerdekaan pada tahun 1923 dibawah kemimpinnan <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kalar_Baliq_Zym_Janggo&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kalar Baliq Zym Janggo (halaman belum tersedia)">Kalar Baliq Zym Janggo</a>. Pada tahun 1948 Mesir bersatu dengan <a href="/wiki/Dunia_bawah_Yunani" title="Dunia bawah Yunani">Dunia</a> Arab untuk melawan Israel tapi mengalami kekalahan dan 60% <a href="/w/index.php?title=Penduduk_asli_Benua_Afrika&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Penduduk asli Benua Afrika (halaman belum tersedia)">penduduk</a> Mesir diperbudak di Israel. Pada tahun 1972 terjadi <a href="/w/index.php?title=Gempa_bumi_di_Kairo&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gempa bumi di Kairo (halaman belum tersedia)">peristiwa</a> <a href="/wiki/Gempa_bumi" title="Gempa bumi">gempa bumi</a> di <a href="/wiki/Kairo" title="Kairo">Kairo</a> yang menewaskan 20 juta orang dan 97 juta orang lainnya menghilang. Pada tahun 1995 terjadi lagi gempa bumi yang disusul dengan peristiwa <a href="/wiki/Tsunami" title="Tsunami">tsunami</a> dipesisir timur <a href="/wiki/Sinai" class="mw-disambig" title="Sinai">Sinai</a>, membunuh 50 ribu orang dan 1 juta orang lainnya menghilang. Pada tahun 2009 <a href="/wiki/YouTube" title="YouTube">YouTube</a> diblokir di Mesir karena video <a href="/wiki/Innocence_of_Muslims" title="Innocence of Muslims"><i>Innocence of Muslim</i></a>. Pada tahun 2012 saat terjadinya peristiwa Badai Arab (<a href="/wiki/Kebangkitan_dunia_Arab" title="Kebangkitan dunia Arab"><i>Arab Spring</i></a>) sistem pemerintahan demokrasi dipilih di Mesir. </p> <div style="clear:both;"></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Geografi">Geografi</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mesir&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Sunting bagian: Geografi" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mesir&action=edit&section=5" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Geografi"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Mesir terletak antara garis lintang 22 ° dan 32 ° N, dan garis bujur 25 ° dan 35 ° E. Dengan luas 1.001.450 kilometer persegi (386.660 sq mi), Mesir adalah negara ke-30 terbesar di dunia. Karena iklimnya yang ekstrem dan gersang, sebagian besar populasi terkonsentrasi di sepanjang Lembah Nil yang sempit dan delta <a href="/wiki/Sungai_Nil" title="Sungai Nil">Sungai Nil</a>. Sekitar 99 % penduduk Mesir menempati kawasan <a href="/w/index.php?title=Lembah_sungai_Nil&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lembah sungai Nil (halaman belum tersedia)">lembah sungai Nil</a> dan kawasan delta sungai di dekat <a href="/wiki/Laut_Mediterania" class="mw-redirect" title="Laut Mediterania">Laut Mediterania</a>. Mesir berbatasan dengan <a href="/wiki/Libya" title="Libya">Libya</a> di sebelah barat, <a href="/wiki/Sudan" title="Sudan">Sudan</a> di selatan, <a href="/wiki/Laut_Mediterania" class="mw-redirect" title="Laut Mediterania">Laut Mediterania</a> di utara, dan <a href="/wiki/Jalur_Gaza" title="Jalur Gaza">Jalur Gaza</a>, <a href="/wiki/Israel" title="Israel">Israel</a>, dan <a href="/wiki/Laut_Merah" title="Laut Merah">Laut Merah</a> di timur. Mesir mempunyai lokasi geopolitik yang penting di perbatasan Asia-Afrika, ia memiliki sebuah jembatan tanah (Tanah Genting Suez) antara <a href="/wiki/Afrika" title="Afrika">Afrika</a> dan <a href="/wiki/Asia" title="Asia">Asia</a>, wilayah ini dilalui sebuah <a href="/wiki/Terusan_Suez" title="Terusan Suez">terusan</a> yang menghubungkan Laut Mediterania dengan Samudera Hindia (dengan melalui Laut Merah). </p><p>Terlepas dari Lembah Nil, mayoritas lanskap Mesir adalah gurun, dengan beberapa oasis bertebaran di kawasan itu. Tiupan angin yang kencang menciptakan banyak <a href="/wiki/Gumuk" title="Gumuk">bukit pasir</a> yang tingginya sampai 30 m (100 kaki). Mesir termasuk bagian dari gurun Sahara dan Gurun Libya. Gurun ini dilindungi Kerajaan Firaun dari ancaman Barat dan disebut sebagai "tanah merah" pada zaman Mesir kuno. </p><p>Kota-kota penting di Mesir adalah Iskandariyah,yang merupakan kota terbesar kedua; <a href="/wiki/Aswan" title="Aswan">Aswan</a>; <a href="/wiki/Asyut" title="Asyut">Asyut</a>; <a href="/wiki/Kairo" title="Kairo">Kairo</a>, yang merupakan ibu kota Mesir modern dan kota terbesar; <a href="/w/index.php?title=El-Mahalla_el-Kubra&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="El-Mahalla el-Kubra (halaman belum tersedia)">El-Mahalla el-Kubra</a>; <a href="/wiki/Giza" title="Giza">Giza</a>, situs Piramida Khufu; <a href="/wiki/Hurghada" title="Hurghada">Hurghada</a>; <a href="/wiki/Luxor" title="Luxor">Luxor</a>; <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kom_Ombo&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kom Ombo (halaman belum tersedia)">Kom Ombo</a>; <a href="/w/index.php?title=Port_Safaga&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Port Safaga (halaman belum tersedia)">Port Safaga</a>; <a href="/wiki/Port_Said" class="mw-redirect" title="Port Said">Port Said</a>; <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sharm_El_Sheikh&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sharm El Sheikh (halaman belum tersedia)">Sharm El Sheikh</a>; <a href="/wiki/Suez" title="Suez">Suez</a>, di mana ujung selatan Terusan Suez berada; <a href="/wiki/Zagazig" title="Zagazig">Zagazig</a>; dan <a href="/w/index.php?title=Al-Minya&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Al-Minya (halaman belum tersedia)">al-Minya</a>. Oasis di Mesir diantaranya ialah Bahariya, El Dakhla, Farafra, El Kharga dan Siwa. </p><p>Pada tanggal 13 Maret 2015, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proposed_new_capital_of_Egypt" class="extiw" title="en:Proposed new capital of Egypt">rencana untuk pemindahan ibu kota diumumkan</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Politik">Politik</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mesir&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Sunting bagian: Politik" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mesir&action=edit&section=6" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Politik"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r18844875" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Artikel utama: <a href="/wiki/Politik_Mesir" title="Politik Mesir">Politik Mesir</a></div> <p>Mesir berbentuk <a href="/wiki/Republik" title="Republik">republik</a> sejak <a href="/wiki/18_Juni" title="18 Juni">18 Juni</a> <a href="/wiki/1953" title="1953">1953</a>, Mesir adalah negara pertama yang mengakui kedaulatan Indonesia. <a href="/wiki/Hosni_Mubarak" title="Hosni Mubarak">Muhammad Husni Mubarak</a> telah menjabat sebagai <a href="/wiki/Presiden_Mesir" title="Presiden Mesir">Presiden Mesir</a> selama lima periode, sejak <a href="/wiki/14_Oktober" title="14 Oktober">14 Oktober</a> <a href="/wiki/1981" title="1981">1981</a> setelah pembunuhan Presiden <a href="/wiki/Anwar_Sadat" title="Anwar Sadat">Muhammad Anwar Sadat</a>. Selain itu, ia juga pemimpin <a href="/w/index.php?title=Partai_Demokrat_Nasional_(Mesir)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Partai Demokrat Nasional (Mesir) (halaman belum tersedia)">Partai Demokrat Nasional</a>. <a href="/wiki/Perdana_Menteri_Mesir" class="mw-redirect" title="Perdana Menteri Mesir">Perdana Menteri Mesir</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ahmed_Nazif" title="Ahmed Nazif">Dr. Ahmad Nazhif</a> dilantik pada <a href="/wiki/9_Juli" title="9 Juli">9 Juli</a> <a href="/wiki/2004" title="2004">2004</a> untuk menggantikan Dr. <a href="/wiki/Atef_Ebeid" title="Atef Ebeid">Athaf Ubaid</a>. </p><p>Kekuasaan di Mesir diatur dengan sistem <a href="/wiki/Semipresidensial" class="mw-redirect" title="Semipresidensial">semipresidensial</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Multipartai&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Multipartai (halaman belum tersedia)">multipartai</a>. Secara teoretis, kekuasaan eksekutif dibagi antara presiden dan perdana menteri namun dalam praktiknya kekuasaan terpusat pada presiden, yang selama ini dipilih dalam pemilu dengan kandidat tunggal. Mesir juga mengadakan pemilu parlemen multipartai. </p><p>Pada akhir <a href="/wiki/Februari_2005" title="Februari 2005">Februari 2005</a>, Presiden Mubarak mengumumkan perubahan aturan pemilihan presiden menuju ke pemilu multikandidat. Untuk pertama kalinya sejak <a href="/wiki/1952" title="1952">1952</a>, rakyat Mesir mendapat kesempatan untuk memilih pemimpin dari daftar berbagai kandidat. Namun, aturan yang baru juga menerapkan berbagai batasan sehingga berbagai tokoh, seperti <a href="/wiki/Ayman_Nour" title="Ayman Nour">Aiman Nur</a>, tidak bisa bersaing dalam pemilihan dan Mubarak pun kembali menang dalam pemilu. </p><p>Pada akhir <a href="/wiki/Januari" title="Januari">Januari</a> <a href="/wiki/2011" title="2011">2011</a> rakyat Mesir menuntut Presiden yang sekarang berkuasa <a href="/wiki/Hosni_Mubarak" title="Hosni Mubarak">Husni Mubarak</a> untuk meletakan jabatannya. Hingga 18 hari aksi demonstrasi besar-besaran menuntut Presiden <a href="/wiki/Hosni_Mubarak" title="Hosni Mubarak">Husni Mubarak</a> mundur, akhirnya pada tanggal <a href="/wiki/11_Februari" title="11 Februari">11 Februari</a> <a href="/wiki/2011" title="2011">2011</a> Hosni Mubarak resmi mengundurkan diri. Pengunduran diri <a href="/wiki/Hosni_Mubarak" title="Hosni Mubarak">Husni Mubarak</a> ini disambut baik oleh rakyatnya, dan disambut baik oleh dunia Internasional. </p><p>Pada <a href="/wiki/4_Juli" title="4 Juli">4 Juli</a> <a href="/wiki/2013" title="2013">2013</a>, Panglima <a href="/wiki/Angkatan_Bersenjata_Mesir" title="Angkatan Bersenjata Mesir">Angkatan Bersenjata Mesir</a> Jenderal <a href="/wiki/Abdel_Fattah_el-Sisi" class="mw-redirect" title="Abdel Fattah el-Sisi">Abdul Fattah as-Sisi</a> mengumumkan adanya revolusi untuk mengamankan Mesir, yang bertujuan untuk menggulingkan <a href="/wiki/Mohamed_Morsi" class="mw-redirect" title="Mohamed Morsi">Muhammad Mursi</a>. Mursi sendiri adalah presiden pertama Mesir yang dipilih secara demokrasi.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Pada <a href="/wiki/3_Juni" title="3 Juni">3 Juni</a> <a href="/wiki/2014" title="2014">2014</a>, Komisi Pemilihan Mesir mengumumkan, mantan Jenderal Mesir, <a href="/wiki/Abdel_Fattah_el-Sisi" class="mw-redirect" title="Abdel Fattah el-Sisi">Abdul Fattah as-Sisi</a> terpilih menjadi Presiden setelah menang dalam <a href="/wiki/Pemilihan_umum_presiden_Mesir_2014" title="Pemilihan umum presiden Mesir 2014">Pemilu Mesir</a> pada <a href="/wiki/Mei" title="Mei">Mei</a> <a href="/wiki/2014" title="2014">2014</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Pembagian_administratif">Pembagian administratif</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mesir&veaction=edit&section=7" title="Sunting bagian: Pembagian administratif" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mesir&action=edit&section=7" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Pembagian administratif"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r18844875" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Artikel utama: <a href="/wiki/Pembagian_administratif_Mesir" title="Pembagian administratif Mesir">Pembagian administratif Mesir</a></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Egypt,_administrative_divisions_-_Nmbrs_-_colored.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5e/Egypt%2C_administrative_divisions_-_Nmbrs_-_colored.svg/500px-Egypt%2C_administrative_divisions_-_Nmbrs_-_colored.svg.png" decoding="async" width="400" height="369" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5e/Egypt%2C_administrative_divisions_-_Nmbrs_-_colored.svg/960px-Egypt%2C_administrative_divisions_-_Nmbrs_-_colored.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="1055" data-file-height="973" /></a><figcaption>Peta administratif Mesir</figcaption></figure> <p>Mesir dibagi menjadi 27 <a href="/wiki/Governorat" class="mw-redirect" title="Governorat">governorat</a> (<i>muhafazhat;</i> tunggal – <i>muhafazhah</i>): </p> <table class="wikitable sortable"> <caption>Governorat Mesir<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </caption> <tbody><tr> <th>No. </th> <th>Nama </th> <th>Luas (km²) </th> <th>Populasi (2006-11-11) </th> <th>Populasi (2012-01-01) </th> <th>Ibu kota </th></tr> <tr> <td>27 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Kegubernuran_Aswan" title="Kegubernuran Aswan">Aswan</a> </td> <td align="right"><span style="display:none">&&&&&&&&&&034608.&&&&&0</span>34.608 </td> <td align="right"><span style="display:none">&&&&&&&&01186482.&&&&&0</span>1.186.482 </td> <td align="right"><span style="display:none">&&&&&&&&01323000.&&&&&0</span>1.323.000 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Aswan" title="Aswan">Aswan</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>22 </td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kegubernuran_Asyuth&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kegubernuran Asyuth (halaman belum tersedia)">Asyuth</a> </td> <td align="right"><span style="display:none">&&&&&&&&&&013720.&&&&&0</span>13.720 </td> <td align="right"><span style="display:none">&&&&&&&&03444967.&&&&&0</span>3.444.967 </td> <td align="right"><span style="display:none">&&&&&&&&03888000.&&&&&0</span>3.888.000 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Asyuth" class="mw-redirect" title="Asyuth">Asyuth</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>23 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Kegubernuran_Al-Bahr_al-Ahmar" class="mw-redirect" title="Kegubernuran Al-Bahr al-Ahmar">al-Bahr al-Ahmar</a> </td> <td align="right"><span style="display:none">&&&&&&&&&0120000.&&&&&0</span>120.000 </td> <td align="right"><span style="display:none">&&&&&&&&&0288661.&&&&&0</span>288.661 </td> <td align="right"><span style="display:none">&&&&&&&&&0321000.&&&&&0</span>321.000 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Hurghada" title="Hurghada">Hurghada</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>19 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Kegubernuran_Bani_Suwayf" class="mw-redirect" title="Kegubernuran Bani Suwayf">Bani Suwaif</a> </td> <td align="right"><span style="display:none">&&&&&&&&&&010954.&&&&&0</span>10.954 </td> <td align="right"><span style="display:none">&&&&&&&&02291618.&&&&&0</span>2.291.618 </td> <td align="right"><span style="display:none">&&&&&&&&02597000.&&&&&0</span>2.597.000 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Bani_Suwayf" class="mw-redirect" title="Bani Suwayf">Bani Suwaif</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>3 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Kegubernuran_Al_Buhayrah" class="mw-redirect" title="Kegubernuran Al Buhayrah">al-Buhairah</a> </td> <td align="right"><span style="display:none">&&&&&&&&&&&09826.&&&&&0</span>9.826 </td> <td align="right"><span style="display:none">&&&&&&&&04747283.&&&&&0</span>4.747.283 </td> <td align="right"><span style="display:none">&&&&&&&&05327000.&&&&&0</span>5.327.000 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Damanhur" title="Damanhur">Damanhur</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>7 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Kegubernuran_Bur_Sa%27id" class="mw-redirect" title="Kegubernuran Bur Sa'id">Bur Sa'id</a> </td> <td align="right"><span style="display:none">&&&&&&&&&&&01345.&&&&&0</span>1.345 </td> <td align="right"><span style="display:none">&&&&&&&&&0570603.&&&&&0</span>570.603 </td> <td align="right"><span style="display:none">&&&&&&&&&0628000.&&&&&0</span>628.000 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Bursaid" title="Bursaid">Bursaid</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>5 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Kegubernuran_Ad_Daqahliyah" class="mw-redirect" title="Kegubernuran Ad Daqahliyah">ad-Daqahliyah</a> </td> <td align="right"><span style="display:none">&&&&&&&&&&&03538.&&&&&0</span>3.538 </td> <td align="right"><span style="display:none">&&&&&&&&04989997.&&&&&0</span>4.989.997 </td> <td align="right"><span style="display:none">&&&&&&&&05559000.&&&&&0</span>5.559.000 </td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mansura&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mansura (halaman belum tersedia)">Manshurah</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>6 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Kegubernuran_Dumyat" class="mw-redirect" title="Kegubernuran Dumyat">Dumyath</a> </td> <td align="right"><span style="display:none">&&&&&&&&&&&&0910.&&&&&0</span>910 </td> <td align="right"><span style="display:none">&&&&&&&&01097339.&&&&&0</span>1.097.339 </td> <td align="right"><span style="display:none">&&&&&&&&01240000.&&&&&0</span>1.240.000 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Dimyath" class="mw-redirect" title="Dimyath">Dimyath</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>15 </td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kegubernuran_al-Fayyum&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kegubernuran al-Fayyum (halaman belum tersedia)">al-Fayyum</a> </td> <td align="right"><span style="display:none">&&&&&&&&&&&06068.&&&&&0</span>6.068 </td> <td align="right"><span style="display:none">&&&&&&&&02511027.&&&&&0</span>2.511.027 </td> <td align="right"><span style="display:none">&&&&&&&&02882000.&&&&&0</span>2.882.000 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Al_Fayyum" class="mw-redirect" title="Al Fayyum">Al Fayyum</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>9 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Kegubernuran_Al_Gharbiyah" class="mw-redirect" title="Kegubernuran Al Gharbiyah">al-Gharbiyah</a> </td> <td align="right"><span style="display:none">&&&&&&&&&&&01942.&&&&&0</span>1.942 </td> <td align="right"><span style="display:none">&&&&&&&&04011320.&&&&&0</span>4.011.320 </td> <td align="right"><span style="display:none">&&&&&&&&04439000.&&&&&0</span>4.439.000 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Tanta" class="mw-disambig" title="Tanta">Thantha</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>2 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Kegubernuran_Al_Iskandariyah" class="mw-redirect" title="Kegubernuran Al Iskandariyah">al-Iskandariyah</a> </td> <td align="right"><span style="display:none">&&&&&&&&&&&02300.&&&&&0</span>2.300 </td> <td align="right"><span style="display:none">&&&&&&&&04123869.&&&&&0</span>4.123.869 </td> <td align="right"><span style="display:none">&&&&&&&&04509000.&&&&&0</span>4.509.000 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Iskandariyah" class="mw-redirect" title="Iskandariyah">Iskandariyah</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>13 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Kegubernuran_Al_Isma%27iliyah" class="mw-redirect" title="Kegubernuran Al Isma'iliyah">al-Isma'iliyah</a> </td> <td align="right"><span style="display:none">&&&&&&&&&&&05067.&&&&&0</span>5.067 </td> <td align="right"><span style="display:none">&&&&&&&&&0953006.&&&&&0</span>953.006 </td> <td align="right"><span style="display:none">&&&&&&&&01077000.&&&&&0</span>1.077.000 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ismailia" class="mw-redirect" title="Ismailia">Isma'iliyah</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>18 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Kegubernuran_Janub_Sina%27" class="mw-redirect" title="Kegubernuran Janub Sina'">Janub Sina'</a> </td> <td align="right"><span style="display:none">&&&&&&&&&&031272.&&&&&0</span>31.272 </td> <td align="right"><span style="display:none">&&&&&&&&&0150088.&&&&&0</span>150.088 </td> <td align="right"><span style="display:none">&&&&&&&&&0159000.&&&&&0</span>159.000 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/El_Tor,_Mesir" title="El Tor, Mesir">El Tor</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>14 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Kegubernuran_Al_Jizah" class="mw-redirect" title="Kegubernuran Al Jizah">al-Jizah</a> </td> <td align="right"><span style="display:none">&&&&&&&&&&013184.&&&&&0</span>13.184 </td> <td align="right"><span style="display:none">&&&&&&&&05724545.&&&&&0</span>5.724.545 </td> <td align="right"><span style="display:none">&&&&&&&&06979000.&&&&&0</span>6.979.000 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Giza" title="Giza">Giza</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>4 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Kegubernuran_Kafr_asy_Syaykh" class="mw-redirect" title="Kegubernuran Kafr asy Syaykh">Kafr asy-Syaikh</a> </td> <td align="right"><span style="display:none">&&&&&&&&&&&03467.&&&&&0</span>3.467 </td> <td align="right"><span style="display:none">&&&&&&&&02620208.&&&&&0</span>2.620.208 </td> <td align="right"><span style="display:none">&&&&&&&&02940000.&&&&&0</span>2.940.000 </td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kafr_asy-Syaykh&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kafr asy-Syaykh (halaman belum tersedia)">Kafr asy-Syaikh</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>1 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Kegubernuran_Matruh" title="Kegubernuran Matruh">Mathruh</a> </td> <td align="right"><span style="display:none">&&&&&&&&&0166563.&&&&&0</span>166.563 </td> <td align="right"><span style="display:none">&&&&&&&&&0323381.&&&&&0</span>323.381 </td> <td align="right"><span style="display:none">&&&&&&&&&0389000.&&&&&0</span>389.000 </td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Marsa_Matruh&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Marsa Matruh (halaman belum tersedia)">Marsa Mathruh</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>10 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Kegubernuran_Al_Minufiyah" class="mw-redirect" title="Kegubernuran Al Minufiyah">al-Minufiyah</a> </td> <td align="right"><span style="display:none">&&&&&&&&&&&02499.&&&&&0</span>2.499 </td> <td align="right"><span style="display:none">&&&&&&&&03270431.&&&&&0</span>3.270.431 </td> <td align="right"><span style="display:none">&&&&&&&&03657000.&&&&&0</span>3.657.000 </td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Shibin_al-Kawm&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Shibin al-Kawm (halaman belum tersedia)">Syibin al-Kum</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>20 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Kegubernuran_Al_Minya" class="mw-redirect" title="Kegubernuran Al Minya">al-Minya</a> </td> <td align="right"><span style="display:none">&&&&&&&&&&&02262.&&&&&0</span>2.262 </td> <td align="right"><span style="display:none">&&&&&&&&04166299.&&&&&0</span>4.166.299 </td> <td align="right"><span style="display:none">&&&&&&&&04701000.&&&&&0</span>4.701.000 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Minya" title="Minya">Minya</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>16 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Kegubernuran_Al_Qahirah" class="mw-redirect" title="Kegubernuran Al Qahirah">al-Qahirah</a> </td> <td align="right"><span style="display:none">&&&&&&&&&&&03085.&&&&&0</span>3.085 </td> <td align="right"><span style="display:none">&&&&&&&&08471859.&&&&&0</span>8.471.859 </td> <td align="right"><span style="display:none">&&&&&&&&08762000.&&&&&0</span>8.762.000 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Kairo" title="Kairo">Kairo</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>11 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Kegubernuran_Al_Qalyubiyah" class="mw-redirect" title="Kegubernuran Al Qalyubiyah">al-Qalyubiah</a> </td> <td align="right"><span style="display:none">&&&&&&&&&&&01124.&&&&&0</span>1.124 </td> <td align="right"><span style="display:none">&&&&&&&&04251672.&&&&&0</span>4.251.672 </td> <td align="right"><span style="display:none">&&&&&&&&04754000.&&&&&0</span>4.754.000 </td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Banha&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Banha (halaman belum tersedia)">Banha</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>25 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Kegubernuran_Qina" title="Kegubernuran Qina">Qina</a> </td> <td align="right"><span style="display:none">&&&&&&&&&&&08980.&&&&&0</span>8.980 </td> <td align="right"><span style="display:none">&&&&&&&&03001681.&&&&&0</span>3.001.681 </td> <td align="right"><span style="display:none">&&&&&&&&02801000.&&&&&0</span>2.801.000 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Qina_(kota)" title="Qina (kota)">Qina</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>8 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Kegubernuran_Syamal_Sina%27" class="mw-redirect" title="Kegubernuran Syamal Sina'">Syamal Sina'</a> </td> <td align="right"><span style="display:none">&&&&&&&&&&027564.&&&&&0</span>27.564 </td> <td align="right"><span style="display:none">&&&&&&&&&0343681.&&&&&0</span>343.681 </td> <td align="right"><span style="display:none">&&&&&&&&&0395000.&&&&&0</span>395.000 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/El_Arish" class="mw-redirect" title="El Arish">Al-'Arisy</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>12 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Kegubernuran_Asy_Syarqiyah" class="mw-redirect" title="Kegubernuran Asy Syarqiyah">asy-Syarqiyah</a> </td> <td align="right"><span style="display:none">&&&&&&&&&&&04911.&&&&&0</span>4.911 </td> <td align="right"><span style="display:none">&&&&&&&&05354041.&&&&&0</span>5.354.041 </td> <td align="right"><span style="display:none">&&&&&&&&06010000.&&&&&0</span>6.010.000 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Zagazig" title="Zagazig">Zaqaziq</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>24 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Kegubernuran_Suhaj" title="Kegubernuran Suhaj">Suhaj</a> </td> <td align="right"><span style="display:none">&&&&&&&&&&011218.&&&&&0</span>11.218 </td> <td align="right"><span style="display:none">&&&&&&&&03747289.&&&&&0</span>3.747.289 </td> <td align="right"><span style="display:none">&&&&&&&&04211000.&&&&&0</span>4.211.000 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Suhaj_(kota)" title="Suhaj (kota)">Suhaj</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>17 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Kegubernuran_As_Suways" class="mw-redirect" title="Kegubernuran As Suways">as-Suwais</a> </td> <td align="right"><span style="display:none">&&&&&&&&&&&09002.&&&&&0</span>9.002 </td> <td align="right"><span style="display:none">&&&&&&&&&0512135.&&&&&0</span>512.135 </td> <td align="right"><span style="display:none">&&&&&&&&&0576000.&&&&&0</span>576.000 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Suez" title="Suez">Suez</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>26 </td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kegubernuran_Al_Uqsur&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kegubernuran Al Uqsur (halaman belum tersedia)">al-Uqsur</a> </td> <td align="right"><span style="display:none">&&&&&&&&&&&02409.680000</span>2.409,68 </td> <td align="right"><span style="display:none">&&&&&&&&&0457286.&&&&&0</span>457.286 </td> <td align="right"><span style="display:none">&&&&&&&&01064000.&&&&&0</span>1.064.000 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Luxor" title="Luxor">Luxor</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>21 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Kegubernuran_Al_Wadi_al_Jadid" class="mw-redirect" title="Kegubernuran Al Wadi al Jadid">al-Wadi al-Jadid</a> </td> <td align="right"><span style="display:none">&&&&&&&&&0440098.&&&&&0</span>440.098 </td> <td align="right"><span style="display:none">&&&&&&&&&0187263.&&&&&0</span>187.263 </td> <td align="right"><span style="display:none">&&&&&&&&&0208000.&&&&&0</span>208.000 </td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kharga&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kharga (halaman belum tersedia)">Kharjah</a> </td></tr> <tr class="sortbottom"> <th colspan="2">Jumlah </th> <th>996.602,6 </th> <th>72.798.031 </th> <th>81.396.247 </th> <th> </th></tr></tbody></table> <div style="clear:both;"></div> <p>Setelah itu, Mesir dibagi menjadi <a href="/w/index.php?title=Markaz_di_Mesir&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Markaz di Mesir (halaman belum tersedia)">Markaz</a> pada tingkat kedua dan <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kota_di_Mesir&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kota di Mesir (halaman belum tersedia)">Kota</a> pada tingkat ketiga. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Ekonomi">Ekonomi</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mesir&veaction=edit&section=8" title="Sunting bagian: Ekonomi" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mesir&action=edit&section=8" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Ekonomi"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r18844875" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Artikel utama: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ekonomi_Mesir&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ekonomi Mesir (halaman belum tersedia)">Ekonomi Mesir</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:GDP_per_capita_development_of_Egypt.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/GDP_per_capita_development_of_Egypt.svg/220px-GDP_per_capita_development_of_Egypt.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="155" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/GDP_per_capita_development_of_Egypt.svg/330px-GDP_per_capita_development_of_Egypt.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/GDP_per_capita_development_of_Egypt.svg/440px-GDP_per_capita_development_of_Egypt.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="850" data-file-height="600" /></a><figcaption>Perubahan PDB per kapita Mesir, 1820-2018. Angka-angka disesuaikan dengan inflasi ke dolar internasional 2011.</figcaption></figure> <p>Perekonomian Mesir bergantung pada pertanian, media, ekspor minyak bumi, gas alam, dan pariwisata. Ada juga lebih dari tiga juta warga Mesir yang bekerja di luar negeri, terutama di <a href="/wiki/Libya" title="Libya">Libya</a>, <a href="/wiki/Arab_Saudi" title="Arab Saudi">Arab Saudi</a>, Teluk Persia, dan Eropa. Selesainya pembangunan <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bendungan_Tinggi_Aswan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bendungan Tinggi Aswan (halaman belum tersedia)">Bendungan Tinggi Aswan</a> pada tahun 1970 dan <a href="/wiki/Danau_Nasser" title="Danau Nasser">Danau Nasser</a> yang dihasilkannya telah mengubah posisi Sungai Nil yang telah lama dihormati di bidang pertanian dan ekologi Mesir. Populasi yang berkembang pesat, <a href="/wiki/Lahan_pertanian" title="Lahan pertanian">lahan pertanian</a> yang terbatas, dan ketergantungan pada Sungai Nil terus membebani sumber daya dan membebani perekonomian. </p><p>Pada tahun 2022 Ekonomi Mesir memasuki krisis yang sedang berlangsung, pound Mesir adalah salah satu mata uang dengan kinerja terburuk,<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> inflasi mencapai 32,6% dan <a href="/w/index.php?title=Inflasi_inti&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Inflasi inti (halaman belum tersedia)">inflasi inti</a> mencapai hampir 40% pada bulan Maret.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Pemerintah telah berinvestasi di bidang komunikasi dan infrastruktur fisik. Mesir telah menerima <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bantuan_luar_negeri_Amerika_Serikat&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bantuan luar negeri Amerika Serikat (halaman belum tersedia)">bantuan luar negeri Amerika Serikat</a> sejak 1979 (rata-rata $2,2 miliar per tahun) dan merupakan penerima dana terbesar ketiga dari Amerika Serikat setelah perang Irak. Perekonomian Mesir terutama bergantung pada sumber-sumber pendapatan ini: pariwisata, <a href="/wiki/Remitansi" title="Remitansi">remitansi</a> (pengiriman uang) dari warga Mesir yang bekerja di luar negeri, dan pendapatan dari Terusan Suez.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Kondisi ekonomi mulai membaik, setelah periode stagnasi, karena penerapan kebijakan ekonomi yang lebih liberal oleh pemerintah serta peningkatan pendapatan dari pariwisata dan <a href="/wiki/Pasar_saham" title="Pasar saham">pasar saham</a> yang berkembang pesat. Dalam laporan tahunannya, Dana Moneter Internasional (IMF) menilai Mesir sebagai salah satu negara terbaik di dunia yang melakukan reformasi ekonomi.<sup id="cite_ref-IMF_22-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-IMF-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Beberapa reformasi ekonomi utama yang dilakukan oleh pemerintah sejak tahun 2003 mencakup pemotongan bea cukai dan tarif secara dramatis. <a href="/wiki/Hukum_pajak" title="Hukum pajak">Undang-undang perpajakan</a> baru yang diimplementasikan pada tahun 2005 menurunkan pajak perusahaan dari 40% menjadi 20% saat ini, yang menghasilkan peningkatan 100% dalam <a href="/w/index.php?title=Pendapatan_pajak&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pendapatan pajak (halaman belum tersedia)">pendapatan pajak</a> pada tahun 2006. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Smartvillagelandscape.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Smartvillagelandscape.JPG/220px-Smartvillagelandscape.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Smartvillagelandscape.JPG/330px-Smartvillagelandscape.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Smartvillagelandscape.JPG/440px-Smartvillagelandscape.JPG 2x" data-file-width="3872" data-file-height="2592" /></a><figcaption><a href="/w/index.php?title=Smart_Village,_Mesir&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Smart Village, Mesir (halaman belum tersedia)">Smart Village</a>, sebuah distrik bisnis yang didirikan pada tahun 2001 untuk memfasilitasi pertumbuhan bisnis berteknologi tinggi</figcaption></figure> <p>Meskipun salah satu kendala utama yang masih dihadapi ekonomi Mesir adalah terbatasnya tetesan kekayaan ke populasi rata-rata, banyak orang Mesir mengkritik pemerintah mereka karena harga barang-barang kebutuhan pokok yang lebih tinggi sementara standar hidup atau daya beli mereka relatif stagnan. Korupsi sering disebut oleh warga Mesir sebagai penghalang utama untuk pertumbuhan ekonomi lebih lanjut.<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Pemerintah menjanjikan rekonstruksi besar-besaran pada infrastruktur negara, dengan menggunakan uang yang dibayarkan untuk lisensi seluler ketiga yang baru saja diakuisisi ($3 miliar) oleh <a href="/w/index.php?title=Emirates_Telecommunications_Corporation&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Emirates Telecommunications Corporation (halaman belum tersedia)">Etisalat</a> pada tahun 2006.<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Dalam <a href="/wiki/Indeks_Persepsi_Korupsi" title="Indeks Persepsi Korupsi">Indeks Persepsi Korupsi</a> 2013, Mesir berada di peringkat 114 dari 177.<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:USS_America_(CV-66)_in_the_Suez_canal_1981.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/USS_America_%28CV-66%29_in_the_Suez_canal_1981.jpg/220px-USS_America_%28CV-66%29_in_the_Suez_canal_1981.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/USS_America_%28CV-66%29_in_the_Suez_canal_1981.jpg/330px-USS_America_%28CV-66%29_in_the_Suez_canal_1981.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/USS_America_%28CV-66%29_in_the_Suez_canal_1981.jpg/440px-USS_America_%28CV-66%29_in_the_Suez_canal_1981.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3000" data-file-height="2007" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Terusan_Suez" title="Terusan Suez">Terusan Suez</a></figcaption></figure> <p>Diperkirakan 2,7 juta orang Mesir di luar negeri berkontribusi aktif terhadap pembangunan negara mereka melalui remitansi (US$7,8 miliar pada tahun 2009), serta sirkulasi sumber daya manusia dan sosial dan investasi.<sup id="cite_ref-IOMEgypt_27-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-IOMEgypt-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Remitansi, yaitu uang yang didapatkan oleh orang Mesir yang tinggal di luar negeri dan dikirim pulang ke Mesir, mencapai rekor US$21 miliar pada tahun 2012, menurut <a href="/wiki/Bank_Dunia" title="Bank Dunia">Bank Dunia</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Masyarakat Mesir cukup timpang dalam hal distribusi pendapatan, dengan perkiraan 35–40% populasi Mesir berpenghasilan kurang dari US$2 per hari, sementara hanya sekitar 2–3% yang dapat dianggap kaya.<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Pariwisata">Pariwisata</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mesir&veaction=edit&section=9" title="Sunting bagian: Pariwisata" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mesir&action=edit&section=9" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Pariwisata"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r18844875" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Artikel utama: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Pariwisata_di_Mesir&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pariwisata di Mesir (halaman belum tersedia)">Pariwisata di Mesir</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Camel_and_the_pyramids.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Camel_and_the_pyramids.jpg/250px-Camel_and_the_pyramids.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Camel_and_the_pyramids.jpg/330px-Camel_and_the_pyramids.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Camel_and_the_pyramids.jpg/500px-Camel_and_the_pyramids.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3300" data-file-height="2200" /></a><figcaption>Wisatawan mengendarai <a href="/wiki/Unta_Arab" class="mw-redirect" title="Unta Arab">unta Arab</a> di depan <a href="/wiki/Piramida_Khafre" title="Piramida Khafre">Piramida Khafre</a>. <a href="/wiki/Nekropolis_Giza" class="mw-redirect" title="Nekropolis Giza">Nekropolis Giza</a> adalah salah satu atraksi wisata utama Mesir.</figcaption></figure> <p>Pariwisata adalah salah satu sektor terpenting dalam perekonomian Mesir. Lebih dari 12,8 juta wisatawan mengunjungi Mesir pada tahun 2008, memberikan pendapatan hampir $11 miliar. Sektor pariwisata mempekerjakan sekitar 12% tenaga kerja Mesir.<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Menteri Pariwisata Hisham Zaazou mengatakan kepada para profesional industri dan wartawan bahwa pariwisata menghasilkan sekitar $9,4 miliar pada tahun 2012, sedikit meningkat dari $9 miliar yang terlihat pada tahun 2011.<sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Nekropolis_Giza" class="mw-redirect" title="Nekropolis Giza">Nekropolis Giza</a> adalah salah satu tempat wisata paling terkenal di Mesir; ini adalah satu-satunya dari <a href="/wiki/Tujuh_Keajaiban_Dunia_Kuno" title="Tujuh Keajaiban Dunia Kuno">Tujuh Keajaiban Dunia Kuno</a> yang masih ada. </p><p>Pantai-pantai Mesir di Laut Tengah dan Laut Merah, yang membentang lebih dari 3.000 kilometer, juga merupakan tujuan wisata yang populer; pantai <a href="/wiki/Teluk_Aqaba" class="mw-redirect" title="Teluk Aqaba">Teluk Aqaba</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Safaga&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Safaga (halaman belum tersedia)">Safaga</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sharm_el-Sheikh" title="Sharm el-Sheikh">Sharm el-Sheikh</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hurghada" title="Hurghada">Hurghada</a>, <a href="/wiki/Luxor" title="Luxor">Luxor</a>, <a href="/wiki/Dahab" title="Dahab">Dahab</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ras_Sidr&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ras Sidr (halaman belum tersedia)">Ras Sidr</a>, dan Marsa Alam merupakan tempat yang populer. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Energi">Energi</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mesir&veaction=edit&section=10" title="Sunting bagian: Energi" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mesir&action=edit&section=10" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Energi"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r18844875" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Artikel utama: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Energi_di_Mesir&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Energi di Mesir (halaman belum tersedia)">Energi di Mesir</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Darfeel_plat.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/Darfeel_plat.png/250px-Darfeel_plat.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="178" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/Darfeel_plat.png/330px-Darfeel_plat.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/Darfeel_plat.png/500px-Darfeel_plat.png 2x" data-file-width="1026" data-file-height="830" /></a><figcaption>Anjungan lepas pantai di Ladang Gas Darfeel</figcaption></figure> <p>Mesir memiliki pasar energi yang berkembang berdasarkan <a href="/wiki/Batu_bara" title="Batu bara">batu bara</a>, <a href="/wiki/Minyak_bumi" title="Minyak bumi">minyak bumi</a>, <a href="/wiki/Gas_alam" class="mw-redirect" title="Gas alam">gas alam</a>, dan <a href="/wiki/Tenaga_air" title="Tenaga air">tenaga air</a>. Deposit batu bara yang besar di timur laut Sinai ditambang dengan kecepatan sekitar 600.000 ton (590.000 ton panjang; 660.000 ton pendek) per tahun. Minyak dan gas diproduksi di daerah gurun barat, <a href="/wiki/Teluk_Suez" title="Teluk Suez">Teluk Suez</a>, dan Delta Nil. Mesir memiliki cadangan gas yang sangat besar, diperkirakan mencapai 2.180 kilometer kubik (520 cu mi),<sup id="cite_ref-eia_32-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-eia-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> dan <a href="/wiki/Liquefied_natural_gas" class="mw-redirect" title="Liquefied natural gas">LNG</a> hingga tahun 2012 diekspor ke banyak negara. Pada tahun 2013, Egyptian General Petroleum Co (EGPC) mengatakan bahwa negara ini akan memangkas ekspor gas alam dan meminta industri-industri besar untuk mengurangi produksi pada musim panas ini untuk menghindari krisis energi dan mencegah kerusuhan politik, demikian yang dilaporkan oleh Reuters. Mesir mengandalkan eksportir gas alam cair (LNG) terbesar, Qatar, untuk mendapatkan volume gas tambahan pada musim panas, sambil mendorong pabrik-pabrik untuk merencanakan pemeliharaan tahunan mereka untuk bulan-bulan di mana permintaan puncak terjadi, ujar ketua EGPC, Tarek El Barkatawy. Mesir memproduksi energinya sendiri, tetapi telah menjadi importir minyak netto sejak tahun 2008 dan dengan cepat menjadi importir netto gas alam.<sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Mesir memproduksi 691.000 <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bbl/d&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bbl/d (halaman belum tersedia)">bbl/d</a> minyak dan 2.141,05 Tcf gas alam pada tahun 2013, menjadikan negara ini sebagai produsen minyak non-<a href="/wiki/OPEC" class="mw-redirect" title="OPEC">OPEC</a> terbesar dan produsen gas alam kering terbesar kedua di Afrika. Pada tahun 2013, Mesir adalah konsumen minyak dan gas alam terbesar di Afrika, lebih dari 20% dari total konsumsi minyak dan lebih dari 40% dari total konsumsi gas alam kering di Afrika. Selain itu, Mesir juga memiliki kapasitas kilang minyak terbesar di Afrika, yaitu 726.000 bbl/d (pada tahun 2012).<sup id="cite_ref-eia_32-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-eia-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Mesir saat ini sedang membangun <a href="/w/index.php?title=Pembangkit_Listrik_Tenaga_Nuklir_El_Dabaa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pembangkit Listrik Tenaga Nuklir El Dabaa (halaman belum tersedia)">pembangkit listrik tenaga nuklir pertamanya di El Dabaa</a>, di bagian utara negara ini, dengan pendanaan dari Rusia sebesar $25 miliar.<sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Demografi">Demografi</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mesir&veaction=edit&section=11" title="Sunting bagian: Demografi" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mesir&action=edit&section=11" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Demografi"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r18844875" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Artikel utama: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Demografi_Mesir&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Demografi Mesir (halaman belum tersedia)">Demografi Mesir</a></div> <p>Mesir merupakan negara <a href="/wiki/Bangsa_Arab" class="mw-redirect" title="Bangsa Arab">Arab</a> paling banyak penduduknya sekitar 74 juta orang. Hampir seluruh populasi terpusat di sepanjang <a href="/wiki/Sungai_Nil" title="Sungai Nil">Sungai Nil</a>, terutama <a href="/wiki/Iskandariyah" class="mw-redirect" title="Iskandariyah">Iskandariyah</a> dan <a href="/wiki/Kairo" title="Kairo">Kairo</a>, dan sepanjang Delta Nil dan dekat <a href="/wiki/Terusan_Suez" title="Terusan Suez">Terusan Suez</a>. </p><p>Penduduk Mesir hampir homogen. Pengaruh <a href="/wiki/Mediterania" class="mw-redirect" title="Mediterania">Mediterania</a> (seperti Italia dan Yunani) dan Arab muncul di utara, dan ada beberapa penduduk asli hitam di selatan. Banyak teori telah diusulkan mengenai asal usul orang Mesir, namun tidak ada yang konklusif, dan yang paling banyak diterima adalah masyarakat Mesir merupakan campuran dari orang Afrika Timur dan Asia yang pindah ke lembah Nil setelah <a href="/wiki/Zaman_es" title="Zaman es">zaman es</a>. </p><p>Sejak zaman Mesir Kuno hingga sekarang, masyarakat Mesir telah menggunakan bahasa-bahasa dari <a href="/wiki/Rumpun_bahasa_Afro-Asia" title="Rumpun bahasa Afro-Asia">rumpun bahasa Afro-Asia</a> yang diduga berasal dari daerah sekitar <a href="/wiki/Ethiopia" class="mw-redirect" title="Ethiopia">Ethiopia</a> di <a href="/wiki/Tanduk_Afrika" title="Tanduk Afrika">Tanduk Afrika</a>. Penduduk Mesir Kuno berbicara dengan <a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Mesir" title="Bahasa Mesir">bahasa Mesir</a> yang ditulis dengan <a href="/wiki/Hieroglif_Mesir" title="Hieroglif Mesir">hieroglif Mesir</a>. Bahasa Mesir berkembang menjadi <a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Mesir_Demotik" class="mw-redirect" title="Bahasa Mesir Demotik">bahasa Demotik</a> pada 600 SM dan <a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Koptik" title="Bahasa Koptik">bahasa Kubti</a> pada 200 M, keduanya banyak dipengaruhi oleh <a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Yunani" title="Bahasa Yunani">bahasa Yunani</a>, sebelum <a href="/wiki/Bahasa_mati" title="Bahasa mati">mati</a> sekitar abad ke-17 M. <a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Arab" title="Bahasa Arab">Bahasa Arab</a>, yang diperkenalkan beserta agama Islam pada abad ke-7, mendominasi masyarakat Mesir sejak saat itu. Walau sudah mati, komunitas Kristen Kubti masih menggunakan bahasa Kubti sebagai bahasa liturgi, meskipun dalam sehari-hari mereka berbicara dalam bahasa Arab. Sebagai bekas koloni Britania Raya, <a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Inggris" title="Bahasa Inggris">bahasa Inggris</a> juga digunakan sebagai bahasa kedua, kebanyakan dalam bidang ekonomi dan oleh masyarakat terpelajar dan elit. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Agama">Agama</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mesir&veaction=edit&section=12" title="Sunting bagian: Agama" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mesir&action=edit&section=12" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Agama"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r18844875" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Artikel utama: <a href="/wiki/Agama_di_Mesir" title="Agama di Mesir">Agama di Mesir</a></div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Mosque_of_An-Nasir_Mohammed_in_Cairo.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/25/Mosque_of_An-Nasir_Mohammed_in_Cairo.jpg/150px-Mosque_of_An-Nasir_Mohammed_in_Cairo.jpg" decoding="async" width="150" height="200" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/25/Mosque_of_An-Nasir_Mohammed_in_Cairo.jpg/225px-Mosque_of_An-Nasir_Mohammed_in_Cairo.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/25/Mosque_of_An-Nasir_Mohammed_in_Cairo.jpg/300px-Mosque_of_An-Nasir_Mohammed_in_Cairo.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1536" data-file-height="2048" /></a><figcaption>Masjid Muhammad Ali Pasya di Mesir</figcaption></figure> <p><a href="/wiki/Agama" title="Agama">Agama</a> memiliki peranan besar dalam kehidupan di Mesir. Secara tak resmi, <a href="/wiki/Adzan" class="mw-redirect" title="Adzan">adzan</a> yang dikumandangkan lima kali sehari menjadi penentu berbagai kegiatan. <a href="/wiki/Kairo" title="Kairo">Kairo</a> juga dikenal dengan berbagai <a href="/wiki/Minaret" title="Minaret">menara masjid</a> dan <a href="/wiki/Gereja" title="Gereja">gereja</a>. Menurut <a href="/w/index.php?title=Konstitusi_Mesir&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Konstitusi Mesir (halaman belum tersedia)">konstitusi Mesir</a>, semua perundang-undangan harus sesuai dengan <a href="/wiki/Hukum_Islam" class="mw-redirect" title="Hukum Islam">hukum Islam</a>. Negara mengakui <a href="/wiki/Mazhab_Hanafi" title="Mazhab Hanafi">mazhab Hanafi</a> lewat <a href="/w/index.php?title=Menteri_Agama_Mesir&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Menteri Agama Mesir (halaman belum tersedia)">Kementerian Agama</a>. Imam dilatih di sekolah keahlian untuk imam dan di <a href="/wiki/Universitas_Al-Azhar" title="Universitas Al-Azhar">Universitas Al-Azhar</a>, yang memiliki komite untuk memberikan <a href="/wiki/Fatwa" title="Fatwa">fatwa</a> untuk masalah agama. </p><p>90% dari penduduk Mesir adalah penganut <a href="/wiki/Islam" title="Islam">Islam</a>, mayoritas <a href="/wiki/Sunni" title="Sunni">Sunni</a> dan sebagian juga menganut ajaran <a href="/wiki/Sufi" title="Sufi">Sufi</a> lokal. Sekitar 10% penduduk Mesir menganut agama <a href="/wiki/Kristen" class="mw-redirect" title="Kristen">Kristen</a>; 78% dalam denominasi <a href="/wiki/Koptik" title="Koptik">Kubti</a> (<a href="/wiki/Gereja_Ortodoks_Koptik_Alexandria" class="mw-redirect" title="Gereja Ortodoks Koptik Alexandria">Kubti Ortodoks</a>, <a href="/wiki/Katolik_Koptik" class="mw-redirect" title="Katolik Koptik">Katolik Kubti</a>, dan Protestan Kubti). Gereja Kristen Kubti memiliki keunikan dari denominasi Kristen lainnya, karena, seperti <a href="/wiki/Gereja_Asiria_Timur" title="Gereja Asiria Timur">Kristen Asiria</a>, mereka masih menggunakan bahasa kuno yang dulu mendominasi daerah mereka sebagai bahasa liturgi, dalam hal ini bahasa Mesir dalam bentuk Kubti. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Pendidikan">Pendidikan</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mesir&veaction=edit&section=13" title="Sunting bagian: Pendidikan" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mesir&action=edit&section=13" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Pendidikan"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Secara historis, modernisasi pendidikan di Mesir berawal dari pengenalan kemajuan ilmu pengetahuan dan teknologi Napoleon Bonaparte pada saat penaklukan Mesir. Kemajuan ilmu pengetahuan dan teknologi yang dicapai <a href="/wiki/Napoleon_Bonaparte" title="Napoleon Bonaparte">Napoleon Bonaparte</a> yang berkebangsaan <a href="/wiki/Prancis" title="Prancis">Prancis</a> ini, memberikan inspirasi yang kuat bagi para pembaharu Mesir untuk melakukan modernisasi pendidikan di Mesir yang dianggapnya stagnan. Di antara tokoh-tokoh tersebut <a href="/wiki/Jamaluddin_al-Afghani" class="mw-redirect" title="Jamaluddin al-Afghani">Jamaluddin al-Afghani</a>, <a href="/wiki/Muhammad_Abduh" title="Muhammad Abduh">Muhammad Abduh</a>, dan <a href="/wiki/Muhammad_Ali_dari_Mesir" title="Muhammad Ali dari Mesir">Muhammad Ali Pasya</a>. Dua yang terakhir, secara historis, kiprahnya paling menonjol jika dibandingkan dengan tokoh-tokoh yang lain. </p><p>Sistem Pendidikan di negara Mesir meliputi: </p> <ol><li><a href="/wiki/Sekolah_Dasar" class="mw-redirect" title="Sekolah Dasar">Sekolah Dasar</a> (Ibtida’i).</li> <li>Sekolah Menengah Pertama (I’dadi).</li> <li>Sekolah Menengah Atas (Tsanawiyah ‘Ammah).</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pendidikan_Tinggi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pendidikan Tinggi (halaman belum tersedia)">Pendidikan Tinggi</a> (Jami‘ah)</li></ol> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Telekomunikasi">Telekomunikasi</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mesir&veaction=edit&section=14" title="Sunting bagian: Telekomunikasi" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mesir&action=edit&section=14" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Telekomunikasi"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r18844875" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Artikel utama: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Telekomunikasi_di_mesir&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Telekomunikasi di mesir (halaman belum tersedia)">telekomunikasi di mesir</a></div> <p>Industri telekomunikasi kabel dan <a href="/wiki/Nirkabel" title="Nirkabel">nirkabel</a> di Mesir dimulai pada 1854 dengan peluncuran saluran <a href="/wiki/Telegram" title="Telegram">telegram</a> pertama negara yang menghubungkan <a href="/wiki/Kairo" title="Kairo">Kairo</a> dan <a href="/wiki/Alexandria" class="mw-redirect" title="Alexandria">IskaIsndariyah</a>. Saluran telepon pertama antara kedua kota dipasang pada tahun 1881.<sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Pada bulan September 1999 sebuah proyek nasional untuk kebangkitan teknologi diumumkan yang mencerminkan komitmen pemerintah Mesir untuk mengembangkan sektor <a href="/wiki/TI" class="mw-disambig" title="TI">TI</a> negara itu. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Pos">Pos</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mesir&veaction=edit&section=15" title="Sunting bagian: Pos" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mesir&action=edit&section=15" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Pos"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Egypt Post adalah perusahaan yang bertanggung jawab untuk layanan pos di Mesir. Didirikan pada tahun 1865, ini adalah salah satu lembaga pemerintahan tertua di negara ini. Mesir adalah salah satu dari 21 negara yang berkontribusi pada pendirian <a href="/wiki/Universal_Postal_Union" class="mw-redirect" title="Universal Postal Union">Universal Postal Union</a>, awalnya bernama General Postal Union, sebagai penandatanganan Perjanjian Bern. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Media_sosial">Media sosial</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mesir&veaction=edit&section=16" title="Sunting bagian: Media sosial" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mesir&action=edit&section=16" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Media sosial"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Pada <a href="/wiki/September" title="September">September</a> 2018, Mesir meratifikasi undang-undang yang memberi <a href="/wiki/Otoritas" class="mw-redirect" title="Otoritas">otoritas</a> hak untuk memantau pengguna media sosial di negara itu sebagai bagian dari pengetatan kontrol internet.<sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Budaya">Budaya</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mesir&veaction=edit&section=17" title="Sunting bagian: Budaya" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mesir&action=edit&section=17" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Budaya"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r18844875" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Artikel utama: <a href="/wiki/Budaya_Mesir" title="Budaya Mesir">Budaya Mesir</a></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Sastra">Sastra</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mesir&veaction=edit&section=18" title="Sunting bagian: Sastra" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mesir&action=edit&section=18" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Sastra"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Di zaman modern, novelis dan penyair Mesir adalah yang pertama bereksperimen dengan metode modern dalam <a href="/wiki/Sastra_Arab" title="Sastra Arab">sastra Arab</a> dan bentuk-bentuk yang mereka kembangkan ditiru secara luas. Ia menerbitkan yang pertama Novel Mesir yang modern Zainab "disutradarai oleh struktur <a href="/wiki/Muhammad_Husain_Haekal" title="Muhammad Husain Haekal">Muhammad Husain Haekal</a> pada tahun 1913 Ba sehari-hari Mesir . Novelis Mesir <a href="/wiki/Naguib_Mahfouz" title="Naguib Mahfouz">Naguib Mahfouz</a>, yang penulis pertama dalam <a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Arab" title="Bahasa Arab">bahasa Arab</a> untuk menang dengan Hadiah <a href="/wiki/Nobel" class="mw-disambig" title="Nobel">Nobel</a> dalam <a href="/wiki/Sastra" title="Sastra">sastra</a>. Banyak buku dan film Mesir. <a href="/wiki/Nawal_El_Saadawi" class="mw-redirect" title="Nawal El Saadawi">Nawal El Saadawi</a> terkenal dengan karya dan aktivisme feminisnya, dan <a href="/wiki/Alifa_Rifaat" title="Alifa Rifaat">Alifa Rifaat</a>, yang juga menulis tentang perempuan dan tradisi, dikatakan sebagai genre sastra paling populer di kalangan orang Mesir.Hal ini diwakili oleh besar Perm Tunisia dan Ahmed Fouad Negm (Alvajuma) dan Salah Jaheen dan <a href="/wiki/Abdel_Rahman_el-Abnudi" title="Abdel Rahman el-Abnudi">Abdel Rahman el-Abnudi</a>. Banyak buku dan film Mesir yang tersedia di seluruh yang <a href="/wiki/Timur_Tengah" title="Timur Tengah">Timur Tengah</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Lihat_pula">Lihat pula</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mesir&veaction=edit&section=19" title="Sunting bagian: Lihat pula" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mesir&action=edit&section=19" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Lihat pula"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Penaklukan_Mesir_oleh_Muslim" title="Penaklukan Mesir oleh Muslim">Penaklukan Mesir oleh Muslim</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Al-Akdar_bin_Hammam" title="Al-Akdar bin Hammam">Al-Akdar bin Hammam</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Referensi">Referensi</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mesir&veaction=edit&section=20" title="Sunting bagian: Referensi" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mesir&action=edit&section=20" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Referensi"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/egypt/">"Explore all countries–Egypt"</a>. <i>World Fact Book</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Diakses tanggal <span class="nowrap">24 Oktober</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=World+Fact+Book&rft.atitle=Explore+all+countries%E2%80%93Egypt&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cia.gov%2Fthe-world-factbook%2Fcountries%2Fegypt%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AMesir" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.capmas.gov.eg/Pages/StaticPages.aspx?page_id=5035">"Distribution Egyptians Population By Governorate – Census 2017 (Theme: Census – pg.15)"</a>. Capmas.gov.eg<span class="reference-accessdate">. Diakses tanggal <span class="nowrap">8 July</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Distribution+Egyptians+Population+By+Governorate+%E2%80%93+Census+2017+%28Theme%3A+Census+%E2%80%93+pg.15%29&rft.pub=Capmas.gov.eg&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.capmas.gov.eg%2FPages%2FStaticPages.aspx%3Fpage_id%3D5035&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AMesir" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-capmas.gov.eg-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-capmas.gov.eg_3-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20171013224804/http://www.capmas.gov.eg/Pages/ShowPDF.aspx?page_id=%20%2FAdmin%2FPages%20Files%2F2017109143840cns.pdf">"الجهاز المركزي للتعبئة العامة والإحصاء"</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</span>. <i>www.capmas.gov.eg</i>. Diarsipkan dari <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.capmas.gov.eg/Pages/ShowPDF.aspx?page_id=%20/Admin/Pages%20Files/2017109143840cns.pdf">versi asli</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</span> tanggal 13 October 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Diakses tanggal <span class="nowrap">13 October</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.capmas.gov.eg&rft.atitle=%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AC%D9%87%D8%A7%D8%B2+%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%B1%D9%83%D8%B2%D9%8A+%D9%84%D9%84%D8%AA%D8%B9%D8%A8%D8%A6%D8%A9+%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B9%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%A9+%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A5%D8%AD%D8%B5%D8%A7%D8%A1&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.capmas.gov.eg%2FPages%2FShowPDF.aspx%3Fpage_id%3D%2520%2FAdmin%2FPages%2520Files%2F2017109143840cns.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AMesir" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> <span style="display:none;font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment">Parameter <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|url-status=</code> yang tidak diketahui akan diabaikan (<a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Galat_CS1#parameter_ignored" title="Bantuan:Galat CS1">bantuan</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-IMFWEOEG-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-IMFWEOEG_4-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-IMFWEOEG_4-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-IMFWEOEG_4-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-IMFWEOEG_4-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.imf.org/en/Publications/WEO/weo-database/2021/October/weo-report?c=469,&s=NGDPD,PPPGDP,NGDPDPC,PPPPC,&sy=2019&ey=2026&ssm=0&scsm=1&scc=0&ssd=1&ssc=0&sic=0&sort=country&ds=.&br=1">"World Economic Outlook Database: October 2021"</a>. <i>IMF.org</i>. <a href="/wiki/International_Monetary_Fund" class="mw-redirect" title="International Monetary Fund">International Monetary Fund</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Diakses tanggal <span class="nowrap">5 January</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=IMF.org&rft.atitle=World+Economic+Outlook+Database%3A+October+2021&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.imf.org%2Fen%2FPublications%2FWEO%2Fweo-database%2F2021%2FOctober%2Fweo-report%3Fc%3D469%2C%26s%3DNGDPD%2CPPPGDP%2CNGDPDPC%2CPPPPC%2C%26sy%3D2019%26ey%3D2026%26ssm%3D0%26scsm%3D1%26scc%3D0%26ssd%3D1%26ssc%3D0%26sic%3D0%26sort%3Dcountry%26ds%3D.%26br%3D1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AMesir" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210921142729/https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SI.POV.GINI/">"GINI index"</a>. World Bank. Diarsipkan dari <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SI.POV.GINI/">versi asli</a> tanggal 21 September 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Diakses tanggal <span class="nowrap">21 September</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=GINI+index&rft.pub=World+Bank&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fdata.worldbank.org%2Findicator%2FSI.POV.GINI%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AMesir" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> <span style="display:none;font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment">Parameter <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|url-status=</code> yang tidak diketahui akan diabaikan (<a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Galat_CS1#parameter_ignored" title="Bantuan:Galat CS1">bantuan</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-HDI-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-HDI_6-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://hdr.undp.org/system/files/documents/global-report-document/hdr2021-22pdf_1.pdf">"Human Development Report 2021/2022"</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</span> (dalam bahasa Inggris). <a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Development_Programme" class="mw-redirect" title="United Nations Development Programme">United Nations Development Programme</a>. 8 September 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Diakses tanggal <span class="nowrap">8 September</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Human+Development+Report+2021%2F2022&rft.pub=United+Nations+Development+Programme&rft.date=2022-09-08&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fhdr.undp.org%2Fsystem%2Ffiles%2Fdocuments%2Fglobal-report-document%2Fhdr2021-22pdf_1.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AMesir" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">The ending of the Hebrew form is either a <a href="/w/index.php?title=Dual_(grammatical_number)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dual (grammatical number) (halaman belum tersedia)">dual</a> or an ending identical to the dual in form (perhaps a <a href="/w/index.php?title=Locative&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Locative (halaman belum tersedia)">locative</a>), and this has sometimes been taken as referring to the two kingdoms of Upper and Lower Egypt. However, the application of the (possibly) "dual" ending to some toponyms and other words, a development peculiar to Hebrew, does not in fact imply any "two-ness" about the place. The ending is found, for example, in the Hebrew words for such single entities as "water" (מַיִם), "noon" (צָהֳרַיִם), "sky/heaven" (שָׁמַיִם), and in the <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Qere_and_Ketiv&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Qere and Ketiv (halaman belum tersedia)">qere</a></i> – but not the original <i>ketiv</i> – of "Jerusalem" (ירושל[י]ם). It should also be noted that the dual ending – which may or may not be what the <i>-áyim</i> in <i>Mitzráyim</i> actually represents – was available to other Semitic languages, such as Arabic, but was not applied to Egypt. See <i>inter alia</i> Aaron Demsky ("Hebrew Names in the Dual Form and the Toponym Yerushalayim" in Demsky (ed.) <i>These Are the Names: Studies in Jewish Onomastics</i>, Vol. 3 (Ramat Gan, 2002), pp. 11–20), Avi Hurvitz (<i>A Concise Lexicon of Late Biblical Hebrew: Linguistic Innovations in the Writings of the Second Temple Period</i> (Brill, 2014), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=p1AMBAAAQBAJ&lpg=PP1&pg=PA128">p. 128</a>) and Nadav Na’aman ("Shaaraim – The Gateway to the Kingdom of Judah" in <i>The Journal of Hebrew Scriptures</i>, Vol. 8 (2008), article <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.jhsonline.org/Articles/article_101.pdf">no. 24</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20141017233422/http://www.jhsonline.org/Articles/article_101.pdf">Diarsipkan</a> 2014-10-17 di <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>., pp. 2–3).</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.academia.edu/371050/On_the_So-Called_Ventive_Morpheme_in_the_Akkadian_Texts_of_Amurru">"On the So-Called Ventive Morpheme in the Akkadian Texts of Amurru"</a>. <i>www.academia.edu</i>. hlm. 84. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160118112500/http://www.academia.edu/371050/On_the_So-Called_Ventive_Morpheme_in_the_Akkadian_Texts_of_Amurru">Diarsipkan</a> dari versi asli tanggal 2016-01-18<span class="reference-accessdate">. Diakses tanggal <span class="nowrap">2015-11-18</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.academia.edu&rft.atitle=On+the+So-Called+Ventive+Morpheme+in+the+Akkadian+Texts+of+Amurru&rft.pages=84&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.academia.edu%2F371050%2FOn_the_So-Called_Ventive_Morpheme_in_the_Akkadian_Texts_of_Amurru&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AMesir" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book">Black, Jeremy A.; George, Andrew; Postgate, J. N. (2000-01-01). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=-qIuVCsRb98C&lpg=PP1&pg=PA212#v=onepage&q=misru"><i>A Concise Dictionary of Akkadian</i></a>. Otto Harrassowitz Verlag. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Sumber_buku/9783447042642" title="Istimewa:Sumber buku/9783447042642">9783447042642</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=A+Concise+Dictionary+of+Akkadian&rft.pub=Otto+Harrassowitz+Verlag&rft.date=2000-01-01&rft.isbn=9783447042642&rft.aulast=Black&rft.aufirst=Jeremy+A.&rft.au=George%2C+Andrew&rft.au=Postgate%2C+J.+N.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D-qIuVCsRb98C%26lpg%3DPP1%26pg%3DPA212%23v%3Donepage%26q%3Dmisru&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AMesir" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-georgetown1-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-georgetown1_10-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20111220145046/http://berkleycenter.georgetown.edu/resources/countries/egypt">"Egypt"</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Berkley_Center_for_Religion,_Peace,_and_World_Affairs&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Berkley Center for Religion, Peace, and World Affairs (halaman belum tersedia)">Berkley Center for Religion, Peace, and World Affairs</a>. Diarsipkan dari <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://berkleycenter.georgetown.edu/resources/countries/egypt">versi asli</a> tanggal 2011-12-20<span class="reference-accessdate">. Diakses tanggal <span class="nowrap">14 December</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Egypt&rft.pub=Berkley+Center+for+Religion%2C+Peace%2C+and+World+Affairs&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fberkleycenter.georgetown.edu%2Fresources%2Fcountries%2Fegypt&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AMesir" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> Lihat pada bagian terakhir esai "Islamic Conquest and the Ottoman Empire" (<a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Indonesia" title="Bahasa Indonesia">bahasa Indonesia</a>: <span lang="id">"Penaklukan Islam dan Kesultanan Utsmaniyah"</span>)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">El-Daly, Okasha. <i>Egyptology: The Missing Millennium</i>. London: UCL Press, 2005. p. 140</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Abu-Lughod-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Abu-Lughod_12-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Abu-Lughod_12-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Abu-Lughod_12-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Janet_Abu-Lughod&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Janet Abu-Lughod (halaman belum tersedia)">Abu-Lughod, Janet L.</a> (1991) [1989]. "The Mideast Heartland". <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://books.google.com/books?id=rYlgGU2SLiQC&lpg=PP1&dq=editions%3ArYlgGU2SLiQC&pg=PA244#v=onepage&q&f=false"><i>Before European Hegemony: The World System A.D. 1250–1350</i></a>. New York: Oxford University Press. hlm. 243–244. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Sumber_buku/978-0195067743" title="Istimewa:Sumber buku/978-0195067743">978-0195067743</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230216160334/https://books.google.com/books?id=rYlgGU2SLiQC&lpg=PP1&dq=editions:rYlgGU2SLiQC&pg=PA244&hl=en#v=onepage&q&f=false">Diarsipkan</a> dari versi asli tanggal 2023-02-16<span class="reference-accessdate">. Diakses tanggal <span class="nowrap">2012-05-05</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=The+Mideast+Heartland&rft.btitle=Before+European+Hegemony%3A+The+World+System+A.D.+1250%E2%80%931350&rft.place=New+York&rft.pages=243-244&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=1991&rft.isbn=978-0195067743&rft.aulast=Abu-Lughod&rft.aufirst=Janet+L.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DrYlgGU2SLiQC%26lpg%3DPP1%26dq%3Deditions%253ArYlgGU2SLiQC%26pg%3DPA244%23v%3Donepage%26q%26f%3Dfalse&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AMesir" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://countrystudies.us/egypt/57.htm">Egypt – Major Cities</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130117011718/http://countrystudies.us/egypt/57.htm">Diarsipkan</a> 2013-01-17 di <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>., <i>U.S. Library of Congress</i></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/ottomanempire00quat"><i>The Ottoman Empire, 1700–1922</i></a>. Cambridge University Press. 2005. hlm. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/ottomanempire00quat/page/n137">115</a>. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Sumber_buku/0521839106" title="Istimewa:Sumber buku/0521839106">0521839106</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Ottoman+Empire%2C+1700%E2%80%931922&rft.pages=115&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft.date=2005&rft.isbn=0521839106&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fottomanempire00quat&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AMesir" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> <span style="display:none;font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment">Parameter <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|name=</code> yang tidak diketahui akan diabaikan (<a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Galat_CS1#parameter_ignored" title="Bantuan:Galat CS1">bantuan</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">"<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2006/11/061121232204.htm">Icelandic Volcano Caused Historic Famine In Egypt, Study Shows</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110506045206/http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2006/11/061121232204.htm">Diarsipkan</a> 2011-05-06 di <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>.". <i>ScienceDaily.</i> 22 November 2006</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.vibiznews.com/2013-07-04/presiden-mesir-digulingkan-ketua-mk-mesir-jadi-presiden-baru">Presiden Mesir Digulingkan, Ketua MK Mesir Jadi Presiden Baru</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130706022543/http://www.vibiznews.com/2013-07-04/presiden-mesir-digulingkan-ketua-mk-mesir-jadi-presiden-baru">Diarsipkan</a> 2013-07-06 di <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>.. Vibiznews. Diakses 14 Juli 2013</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.com/indonesia/dunia/2014/06/140603_mesir_presiden_pemilihan.shtml">"Abdul Fattah al-Sisi menang di pemilihan presiden Mesir"</a>. <i>BBC News Indonesia</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=BBC+News+Indonesia&rft.atitle=Abdul+Fattah+al-Sisi+menang+di+pemilihan+presiden+Mesir&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.com%2Findonesia%2Fdunia%2F2014%2F06%2F140603_mesir_presiden_pemilihan.shtml&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AMesir" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">[Central Agency for Public Mobilization And Statistics 2011 and 2012] ( CAPMAS ) ]</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web">Shan, Lee Ying (2023-04-05). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cnbc.com/2023/04/05/the-egyptian-pound-is-amongst-the-worst-performing-currencies-in-2023.html">"Egypt's pound is among the worst performing currencies in 2023. And it's expected to plummet further"</a>. <i>CNBC</i> (dalam bahasa Inggris)<span class="reference-accessdate">. Diakses tanggal <span class="nowrap">2023-04-11</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=CNBC&rft.atitle=Egypt%27s+pound+is+among+the+worst+performing+currencies+in+2023.+And+it%27s+expected+to+plummet+further&rft.date=2023-04-05&rft.aulast=Shan&rft.aufirst=Lee+Ying&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cnbc.com%2F2023%2F04%2F05%2Fthe-egyptian-pound-is-amongst-the-worst-performing-currencies-in-2023.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AMesir" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.dailynewsegypt.com/2023/04/11/egypts-annual-core-inflation-records-39-5-in-march-2023-cbe/">"Egypt's annual core inflation records 39.5% in March 2023: CBE - Dailynewsegypt"</a> (dalam bahasa Inggris). 2023-04-11<span class="reference-accessdate">. Diakses tanggal <span class="nowrap">2023-04-11</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Egypt%27s+annual+core+inflation+records+39.5%25+in+March+2023%3A+CBE+-+Dailynewsegypt&rft.date=2023-04-11&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.dailynewsegypt.com%2F2023%2F04%2F11%2Fegypts-annual-core-inflation-records-39-5-in-march-2023-cbe%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AMesir" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.undp.org.eg/Default.aspx?tabid=75">Egypt Country Profile</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130601071446/http://www.undp.org.eg/Default.aspx?tabid=75">Diarsipkan</a> 1 June 2013 di <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>.. Undp.org.eg (11 February 2011). Retrieved 29 July 2013.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-IMF-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-IMF_22-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web">Enders, Klaus. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110204192917/http://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/survey/so/2008/CAR021308A.htm">"Egypt: Reforms Trigger Economic Growth"</a>. <i>International Monetary Fund</i>. Diarsipkan dari <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/survey/so/2008/car021308a.htm">versi asli</a> tanggal 4 February 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Diakses tanggal <span class="nowrap">2 February</span> 2011</span>. <q>In its most recent review of Egypt's economy, the IMF has said the expansion has broadened from energy, construction, and telecommunications to labor-intensive sectors such as agriculture and manufacturing.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=International+Monetary+Fund&rft.atitle=Egypt%3A+Reforms+Trigger+Economic+Growth&rft.aulast=Enders&rft.aufirst=Klaus&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.imf.org%2Fexternal%2Fpubs%2Fft%2Fsurvey%2Fso%2F2008%2Fcar021308a.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AMesir" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> <span style="display:none;font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment">Parameter <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|url-status=</code> yang tidak diketahui akan diabaikan (<a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Galat_CS1#parameter_ignored" title="Bantuan:Galat CS1">bantuan</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110514145003/http://www.irinnews.org/report.aspx?reportid=27105">"IRIN Middle East | Egypt: Corruption hampering development, says opposition report | Breaking News"</a>. Irinnews.org. 5 July 2006. Diarsipkan dari <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.irinnews.org/report.aspx?reportid=27105">versi asli</a> tanggal 14 May 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Diakses tanggal <span class="nowrap">25 August</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=IRIN+Middle+East+%26%23124%3B+Egypt%3A+Corruption+hampering+development%2C+says+opposition+report+%26%23124%3B+Breaking+News&rft.pub=Irinnews.org&rft.date=2006-07-05&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.irinnews.org%2Freport.aspx%3Freportid%3D27105&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AMesir" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> <span style="display:none;font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment">Parameter <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|url-status=</code> yang tidak diketahui akan diabaikan (<a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Galat_CS1#parameter_ignored" title="Bantuan:Galat CS1">bantuan</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web">Rania Al Malky. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090208233152/http://www.egypttoday.com/article.aspx?ArticleID=2978">"et — Full Story"</a>. Egypttoday.com. Diarsipkan dari <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.egypttoday.com/article.aspx?ArticleID=2978">versi asli</a> tanggal 8 February 2009<span class="reference-accessdate">. Diakses tanggal <span class="nowrap">25 August</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=et+%E2%80%94+Full+Story&rft.pub=Egypttoday.com&rft.au=Rania+Al+Malky&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.egypttoday.com%2Farticle.aspx%3FArticleID%3D2978&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AMesir" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> <span style="display:none;font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment">Parameter <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|url-status=</code> yang tidak diketahui akan diabaikan (<a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Galat_CS1#parameter_ignored" title="Bantuan:Galat CS1">bantuan</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web">Fatima El Saadani (August 2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20060820192346/http://www.businesstodayegypt.com/article.aspx?ArticleID=6902">"Etisalat Wins Third License"</a>. Business Today. Diarsipkan dari <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.businesstodayegypt.com/article.aspx?ArticleID=6902">versi asli</a> tanggal 20 August 2006<span class="reference-accessdate">. Diakses tanggal <span class="nowrap">21 August</span> 2008</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Etisalat+Wins+Third+License&rft.pub=Business+Today&rft.date=2006-08&rft.au=Fatima+El+Saadani&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.businesstodayegypt.com%2Farticle.aspx%3FArticleID%3D6902&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AMesir" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> <span style="display:none;font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment">Parameter <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|url-status=</code> yang tidak diketahui akan diabaikan (<a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Galat_CS1#parameter_ignored" title="Bantuan:Galat CS1">bantuan</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20131207155652/http://www.dailynewsegypt.com/2013/12/03/egypt-ranks-114th-on-corruption-scale/#dnePhoto/0/">"Egypt ranks 114th on corruption scale"</a>. 3 December 2013. Diarsipkan dari <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.dailynewsegypt.com/2013/12/03/egypt-ranks-114th-on-corruption-scale/#dnePhoto/0/">versi asli</a> tanggal 7 December 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Diakses tanggal <span class="nowrap">8 December</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Egypt+ranks+114th+on+corruption+scale&rft.date=2013-12-03&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.dailynewsegypt.com%2F2013%2F12%2F03%2Fegypt-ranks-114th-on-corruption-scale%2F%23dnePhoto%2F0%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AMesir" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> <span style="display:none;font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment">Parameter <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|url-status=</code> yang tidak diketahui akan diabaikan (<a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Galat_CS1#parameter_ignored" title="Bantuan:Galat CS1">bantuan</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-IOMEgypt-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-IOMEgypt_27-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"> <span class="error mw-ext-cite-error" lang="id" dir="ltr">Kesalahan pengutipan: Tag <code><ref></code> tidak sah; tidak ditemukan teks untuk ref bernama <code>IOMEgypt</code></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-28">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation news">Saifur Rahman (April 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130423033021/http://gulfnews.com/business/economy/global-remittance-flow-grows-10-77-to-514-billion-in-2012-world-bank-1.1172693">"Global remittance flow grows 10.77% to $514 billion in 2012: World Bank"</a>. <i>Gulf News</i>. Diarsipkan dari <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://gulfnews.com/business/economy/global-remittance-flow-grows-10-77-to-514-billion-in-2012-world-bank-1.1172693">versi asli</a> tanggal 23 April 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Diakses tanggal <span class="nowrap">18 June</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Gulf+News&rft.atitle=Global+remittance+flow+grows+10.77%25+to+%24514+billion+in+2012%3A+World+Bank&rft.date=2013-04&rft.au=Saifur+Rahman&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fgulfnews.com%2Fbusiness%2Feconomy%2Fglobal-remittance-flow-grows-10-77-to-514-billion-in-2012-world-bank-1.1172693&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AMesir" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> <span style="display:none;font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment">Parameter <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|url-status=</code> yang tidak diketahui akan diabaikan (<a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Galat_CS1#parameter_ignored" title="Bantuan:Galat CS1">bantuan</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-29">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web">Lauren E. Bohn; Sarah Lynch (8 February 2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130522032651/http://www.foreignpolicy.com/articles/2011/02/08/egypt_over_the_brink?page=0,1">"Egypt Over the Brink, interview with Tarek Osman"</a>. Foreignpolicy.com. Diarsipkan dari <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://foreignpolicy.com/articles/2011/02/08/egypt_over_the_brink?page=0,1">versi asli</a> tanggal 22 May 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Diakses tanggal <span class="nowrap">8 February</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Egypt+Over+the+Brink%2C+interview+with+Tarek+Osman&rft.pub=Foreignpolicy.com&rft.date=2011-02-08&rft.au=Lauren+E.+Bohn&rft.au=Sarah+Lynch&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fforeignpolicy.com%2Farticles%2F2011%2F02%2F08%2Fegypt_over_the_brink%3Fpage%3D0%2C1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AMesir" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> <span style="display:none;font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment">Parameter <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|url-status=</code> yang tidak diketahui akan diabaikan (<a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Galat_CS1#parameter_ignored" title="Bantuan:Galat CS1">bantuan</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-30">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation news">Dziadosz, Alexander (20 October 2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120610030616/http://af.reuters.com/article/investingNews/idAFJOE59J0PG20091020">"Egypt tourism numbers to fall less than feared"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Reuters" title="Reuters">Reuters</a> Africa. Diarsipkan dari <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://af.reuters.com/article/investingNews/idAFJOE59J0PG20091020">versi asli</a> tanggal 10 June 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Diakses tanggal <span class="nowrap">8 February</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Egypt+tourism+numbers+to+fall+less+than+feared&rft.date=2009-10-20&rft.aulast=Dziadosz&rft.aufirst=Alexander&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Faf.reuters.com%2Farticle%2FinvestingNews%2FidAFJOE59J0PG20091020&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AMesir" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> <span style="display:none;font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment">Parameter <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|url-status=</code> yang tidak diketahui akan diabaikan (<a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Galat_CS1#parameter_ignored" title="Bantuan:Galat CS1">bantuan</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-31">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web">Farouk, Dalia (27 December 2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130713122537/http://english.ahram.org.eg/NewsContent/3/12/61366/Business/Economy/Egypt-tourism-shows-little-recovery-in-.aspx">"Egypt tourism shows little recovery in 2012"</a>. Ahram Online. Diarsipkan dari <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://english.ahram.org.eg/NewsContent/3/12/61366/Business/Economy/Egypt-tourism-shows-little-recovery-in-.aspx">versi asli</a> tanggal 13 July 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Diakses tanggal <span class="nowrap">18 June</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Egypt+tourism+shows+little+recovery+in+2012&rft.pub=Ahram+Online&rft.date=2012-12-27&rft.aulast=Farouk&rft.aufirst=Dalia&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fenglish.ahram.org.eg%2FNewsContent%2F3%2F12%2F61366%2FBusiness%2FEconomy%2FEgypt-tourism-shows-little-recovery-in-.aspx&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AMesir" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> <span style="display:none;font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment">Parameter <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|url-status=</code> yang tidak diketahui akan diabaikan (<a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Galat_CS1#parameter_ignored" title="Bantuan:Galat CS1">bantuan</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-eia-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-eia_32-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-eia_32-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150218034336/http://www.eia.gov/countries/country-data.cfm?fips=EG">"Egypt"</a>. <i>U.S. Energy Information Administration</i>. 14 August 2014. Diarsipkan dari <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.eia.gov/countries/country-data.cfm?fips=EG">versi asli</a> tanggal 18 February 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Diakses tanggal <span class="nowrap">24 February</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=U.S.+Energy+Information+Administration&rft.atitle=Egypt&rft.date=2014-08-14&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.eia.gov%2Fcountries%2Fcountry-data.cfm%3Ffips%3DEG&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AMesir" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> <span style="display:none;font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment">Parameter <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|url-status=</code> yang tidak diketahui akan diabaikan (<a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Galat_CS1#parameter_ignored" title="Bantuan:Galat CS1">bantuan</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-33">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130803013304/http://www.ameinfo.com/egypt-reduce-natural-gas-exports-avoid-343607">"Egypt to reduce natural gas exports to avoid energy crisis"</a>. AMEinfo.com. Diarsipkan dari <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ameinfo.com/egypt-reduce-natural-gas-exports-avoid-343607">versi asli</a> tanggal 3 August 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Diakses tanggal <span class="nowrap">6 July</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Egypt+to+reduce+natural+gas+exports+to+avoid+energy+crisis&rft.pub=AMEinfo.com&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ameinfo.com%2Fegypt-reduce-natural-gas-exports-avoid-343607&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AMesir" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> <span style="display:none;font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment">Parameter <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|url-status=</code> yang tidak diketahui akan diabaikan (<a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Galat_CS1#parameter_ignored" title="Bantuan:Galat CS1">bantuan</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-34">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170516193807/http://www.reuters.com/article/us-egypt-russia-nuclear-idUSKCN0YA1G5">"Russia to lend Egypt $25 billion to build nuclear power plant"</a>. <i>Reuters</i>. 19 May 2016. Diarsipkan dari <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.reuters.com/article/us-egypt-russia-nuclear-idUSKCN0YA1G5">versi asli</a> tanggal 16 May 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Diakses tanggal <span class="nowrap">1 July</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Reuters&rft.atitle=Russia+to+lend+Egypt+%2425+billion+to+build+nuclear+power+plant&rft.date=2016-05-19&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.reuters.com%2Farticle%2Fus-egypt-russia-nuclear-idUSKCN0YA1G5&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AMesir" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> <span style="display:none;font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment">Parameter <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|url-status=</code> yang tidak diketahui akan diabaikan (<a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Galat_CS1#parameter_ignored" title="Bantuan:Galat CS1">bantuan</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-35">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20131114094542/http://www.telecomegypt.com.eg/English/te_history.asp">"Telecom Egypt - New Beginning"</a>. <i>web.archive.org</i>. 2013-11-14. Archived from the original on 2013-11-14<span class="reference-accessdate">. Diakses tanggal <span class="nowrap">2020-01-25</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=web.archive.org&rft.atitle=Telecom+Egypt+-+New+Beginning&rft.date=2013-11-14&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.telecomegypt.com.eg%2FEnglish%2Fte_history.asp&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AMesir" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span><span class="citation-comment" style="display:none; color:#33aa33; margin-left:0.3em">Pemeliharaan CS1: Url tak layak (<a href="/wiki/Kategori:Pemeliharaan_CS1:_Url_tak_layak" title="Kategori:Pemeliharaan CS1: Url tak layak">link</a>) </span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-36"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-36">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180903182957/https://www.themalaysianinsight.com/s/92495">"Egypt approves law clamping down on social media | The Malaysian Insight"</a>. <i>www.themalaysianinsight.com</i> (dalam bahasa Inggris). Diarsipkan dari <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.themalaysianinsight.com/s/92495">versi asli</a> tanggal 3 September 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Diakses tanggal <span class="nowrap">2018-09-03</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.themalaysianinsight.com&rft.atitle=Egypt+approves+law+clamping+down+on+social+media+%7C+The+Malaysian+Insight&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.themalaysianinsight.com%2Fs%2F92495&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AMesir" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> <span style="display:none;font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment">Parameter <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|url-status=</code> yang tidak diketahui akan diabaikan (<a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Galat_CS1#parameter_ignored" title="Bantuan:Galat CS1">bantuan</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-37"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-37">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation news"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180903111216/https://www.channelnewsasia.com/news/world/egypt-president-approves-law-clamping-down-on-social-media-10676410">"Egypt president approves law clamping down on social media"</a>. <i>Channel NewsAsia</i> (dalam bahasa Inggris). Diarsipkan dari <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.channelnewsasia.com/news/world/egypt-president-approves-law-clamping-down-on-social-media-10676410">versi asli</a> tanggal 3 September 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Diakses tanggal <span class="nowrap">2018-09-03</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Channel+NewsAsia&rft.atitle=Egypt+president+approves+law+clamping+down+on+social+media&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.channelnewsasia.com%2Fnews%2Fworld%2Fegypt-president-approves-law-clamping-down-on-social-media-10676410&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AMesir" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> <span style="display:none;font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment">Parameter <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|url-status=</code> yang tidak diketahui akan diabaikan (<a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Galat_CS1#parameter_ignored" title="Bantuan:Galat CS1">bantuan</a>)</span></span> </li> </ol> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Pranala_luar">Pranala luar</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mesir&veaction=edit&section=21" title="Sunting bagian: Pranala luar" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mesir&action=edit&section=21" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Pranala luar"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r23035139">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:#f9f9f9}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output 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title="commons:مصر"><b><i>مصر</i></b></a>.</div></div> </div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r23035139" /><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r23782729" /> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg/40px-Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg/60px-Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg/120px-Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="193" data-file-height="193" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikiwisata memiliki panduan wisata <i><b><a 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lang="Inggris">(Inggris)</span> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://st-takla.org/Egypt-1.html">Egypt through the ages</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:0.95em; font-weight:bold; color:#777; cursor:help;" title="Bahasa Indonesia" lang="Indonesia">(Indonesia)</span> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://luar-negeri.kompasiana.com/2012/08/16/palestina-dan-mesir-negara-yang-mengakui-kemerdekaan-ri-pertama-kali/">Palestina dan Mesir negara yang mengakui kemerdekaan Republik Indonesia pertama kali</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120819031854/http://luar-negeri.kompasiana.com/2012/08/16/palestina-dan-mesir-negara-yang-mengakui-kemerdekaan-ri-pertama-kali">Diarsipkan</a> 2012-08-19 di <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>.</li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" 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title="Daftar negara di Afrika">Negara</a> di <a href="/wiki/Afrika" title="Afrika">Afrika</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding:0.35em 1.0em; line-height:1.1em;"><a href="/wiki/Daftar_negara_berdaulat" title="Daftar negara berdaulat">Negara<br />berdaulat</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Afrika_Selatan" title="Afrika Selatan">Afrika Selatan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Afrika_Tengah" title="Afrika Tengah">Afrika Tengah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aljazair" title="Aljazair">Aljazair</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Angola" title="Angola">Angola</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Benin" title="Benin">Benin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Botswana" title="Botswana">Botswana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Burkina_Faso" title="Burkina Faso">Burkina Faso</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Burundi" title="Burundi">Burundi</a></li> <li><a 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title="Zimbabwe">Zimbabwe</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding:0.35em 1.0em; line-height:1.1em;"><a href="/wiki/Daftar_negara_dengan_pengakuan_terbatas" title="Daftar negara dengan pengakuan terbatas">Negara dengan<br />pengakuan terbatas</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Azawad" title="Azawad">Azawad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republik_Demokratik_Arab_Sahrawi" title="Republik Demokratik Arab Sahrawi">Republik Demokratik Arab Sahrawi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Somaliland" title="Somaliland">Somaliland</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding:0.35em 1.0em; line-height:1.1em;"><a href="/wiki/Wilayah_dependensi" title="Wilayah dependensi">Dependensi</a> dan<br /> wilayah lain</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kepulauan_Canaria" class="mw-redirect" title="Kepulauan Canaria">Kepulauan Canaria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ceuta" title="Ceuta">Ceuta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Madeira" title="Madeira">Madeira</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mayotte" title="Mayotte">Mayotte</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Melilla" title="Melilla">Melilla</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plaza_de_soberan%C3%ADa" class="mw-redirect" title="Plaza de soberanía">Plaza de soberanía</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/R%C3%A9union" title="Réunion">Réunion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sahara_Barat" title="Sahara Barat">Sahara Barat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint_Helena,_Ascension,_dan_Tristan_da_Cunha" class="mw-redirect" title="Saint Helena, Ascension, dan Tristan da Cunha">Saint Helena, Ascension, dan Tristan da Cunha</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r23782733" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r25847331" /></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Negara_di_Timur_Tengah" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r18590415" /><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-lihat"><a href="/wiki/Templat:Timur_Tengah" title="Templat:Timur Tengah"><abbr title="Lihat templat ini">l</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-bicara"><a href="/wiki/Pembicaraan_Templat:Timur_Tengah" title="Pembicaraan Templat:Timur Tengah"><abbr title="Diskusikan templat ini">b</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-sunting"><a class="external text" href="https://id.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Templat:Timur_Tengah&action=edit"><abbr title="Sunting templat ini">s</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Negara_di_Timur_Tengah" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Daftar_negara_di_dunia" class="mw-redirect" title="Daftar negara di dunia">Negara</a> di <a href="/wiki/Timur_Tengah" title="Timur Tengah">Timur Tengah</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Arab_Saudi" title="Arab Saudi">Arab Saudi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bahrain" title="Bahrain">Bahrain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irak" title="Irak">Irak</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kurdistan_Irak" class="mw-redirect" title="Kurdistan Irak">Kurdistan Irak</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iran" title="Iran">Iran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Israel" title="Israel">Israel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kuwait" title="Kuwait">Kuwait</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lebanon" title="Lebanon">Lebanon</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Mesir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oman" title="Oman">Oman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Negara_Palestina" class="mw-redirect" title="Negara Palestina"><i>Palestina</i></a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jalur_Gaza" title="Jalur Gaza"><i>Gaza</i></a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qatar" title="Qatar">Qatar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siprus" title="Siprus">Siprus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republik_Turki_Siprus_Utara" class="mw-redirect" title="Republik Turki Siprus Utara"><i>Siprus Utara</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suriah" title="Suriah">Suriah</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Rojava" title="Rojava">Federasi Suriah Utara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pendudukan_Turki_di_Suriah_utara" class="mw-redirect" title="Pendudukan Turki di Suriah utara">Pendudukan Turki di Suriah utara</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turki" title="Turki">Turki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uni_Emirat_Arab" title="Uni Emirat Arab">Uni Emirat Arab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yaman" title="Yaman">Yaman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yordania" title="Yordania">Yordania</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r23782733" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r25847331" /></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Negara_di_Asia" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r18590415" /><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-lihat"><a href="/wiki/Templat:Negara_di_Asia" title="Templat:Negara di Asia"><abbr title="Lihat templat ini">l</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-bicara"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pembicaraan_Templat:Negara_di_Asia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pembicaraan Templat:Negara di Asia (halaman belum tersedia)"><abbr title="Diskusikan templat ini">b</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-sunting"><a class="external text" href="https://id.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Templat:Negara_di_Asia&action=edit"><abbr title="Sunting templat ini">s</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Negara_di_Asia" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Daftar_negara_di_Asia" title="Daftar negara di Asia">Negara</a> di <a href="/wiki/Asia" title="Asia">Asia</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding:0.35em 1.0em; line-height:1.1em;"><a href="/wiki/Daftar_negara_berdaulat" title="Daftar negara berdaulat">Negara<br />berdaulat</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Afganistan" title="Afganistan">Afganistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arab_Saudi" title="Arab Saudi">Arab Saudi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Armenia" title="Armenia">Armenia</a><sup><small>1</small></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Azerbaijan" title="Azerbaijan">Azerbaijan</a><sup><small>1</small></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bahrain" title="Bahrain">Bahrain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bangladesh" title="Bangladesh">Bangladesh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bhutan" title="Bhutan">Bhutan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brunei" class="mw-redirect" title="Brunei">Brunei</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Filipina" title="Filipina">Filipina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Georgia" title="Georgia">Georgia</a><sup><small>1</small></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/India" title="India">India</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indonesia" title="Indonesia">Indonesia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irak" title="Irak">Irak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iran" title="Iran">Iran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Israel" title="Israel">Israel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jepang" title="Jepang">Jepang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kamboja" title="Kamboja">Kamboja</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kazakhstan" title="Kazakhstan">Kazakhstan</a><sup><small>3</small></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kirgizstan" title="Kirgizstan">Kirgizstan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Korea_Selatan" title="Korea Selatan">Korea Selatan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Korea_Utara" title="Korea Utara">Korea Utara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kuwait" title="Kuwait">Kuwait</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Laos" title="Laos">Laos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lebanon" title="Lebanon">Lebanon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maladewa" title="Maladewa">Maladewa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malaysia" title="Malaysia">Malaysia</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Mesir</a><sup><small>3</small></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mongolia" title="Mongolia">Mongolia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Myanmar" title="Myanmar">Myanmar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nepal" title="Nepal">Nepal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oman" title="Oman">Oman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pakistan" title="Pakistan">Pakistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qatar" title="Qatar">Qatar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rusia" title="Rusia">Rusia</a><sup><small>3</small></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Singapura" title="Singapura">Singapura</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siprus" title="Siprus">Siprus</a><sup><small>1</small></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sri_Lanka" title="Sri Lanka">Sri Lanka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suriah" title="Suriah">Suriah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tajikistan" title="Tajikistan">Tajikistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thailand" title="Thailand">Thailand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timor_Leste" title="Timor Leste">Timor Leste</a><sup><small>2</small></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tiongkok" title="Tiongkok">Tiongkok</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turki" title="Turki">Turki</a><sup><small>3</small></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turkmenistan" title="Turkmenistan">Turkmenistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uni_Emirat_Arab" title="Uni Emirat Arab">Uni Emirat Arab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uzbekistan" title="Uzbekistan">Uzbekistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vietnam" title="Vietnam">Vietnam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yaman" title="Yaman">Yaman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yordania" title="Yordania">Yordania</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding:0.35em 1.0em; line-height:1.1em;"><a href="/wiki/Daftar_negara_dengan_pengakuan_terbatas" title="Daftar negara dengan pengakuan terbatas">Negara dengan<br />pengakuan terbatas</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abkhazia" title="Abkhazia">Abkhazia</a><sup><small>1</small></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republik_Artsakh" class="mw-redirect" title="Republik Artsakh">Republik Artsakh</a><sup><small>1</small></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ossetia_Selatan" class="mw-redirect" title="Ossetia Selatan">Ossetia Selatan</a><sup><small>1</small></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Negara_Palestina" class="mw-redirect" title="Negara Palestina">Palestina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siprus_Utara" title="Siprus Utara">Siprus Utara</a><sup><small>1</small></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republik_Tiongkok" class="mw-redirect" title="Republik Tiongkok">Republik Tiongkok</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding:0.35em 1.0em; line-height:1.1em;"><a href="/wiki/Wilayah_dependensi" title="Wilayah dependensi">Dependensi</a> dan<br />wilayah lain</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kepulauan_Cocos_(Keeling)" title="Kepulauan Cocos (Keeling)">Kepulauan Cocos (Keeling)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hong_Kong" title="Hong Kong">Hong Kong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Makau" title="Makau">Makau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pulau_Natal" title="Pulau Natal">Pulau Natal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wilayah_Samudra_Hindia_Britania" class="mw-redirect" title="Wilayah Samudra Hindia Britania">Wilayah Samudra Hindia Britania</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><span style="position: relative; top: 0.2em;"><sup>1</sup></span> Terkadang dimasukkan ke <a href="/wiki/Eropa" title="Eropa">Eropa</a>, tergantung definisi perbatasan. <span style="position: relative; top: 0.2em;"><sup>2</sup></span> Terkadang dimasukkan ke <a href="/wiki/Oseania" title="Oseania">Oseania</a>. <span style="position: relative; top: 0.2em;"><sup>3</sup></span> Negara <a href="/wiki/Lintas_benua" class="mw-redirect" title="Lintas benua">lintas benua</a>.</div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r23782733" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r25847331" /></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Organisasi_Kerja_Sama_Islam_(OKI)" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r18590415" /><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-lihat"><a href="/wiki/Templat:OKI" title="Templat:OKI"><abbr title="Lihat templat ini">l</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-bicara"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pembicaraan_Templat:OKI&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pembicaraan Templat:OKI (halaman belum tersedia)"><abbr title="Diskusikan templat ini">b</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-sunting"><a class="external text" href="https://id.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Templat:OKI&action=edit"><abbr title="Sunting templat ini">s</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Organisasi_Kerja_Sama_Islam_(OKI)" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Organisasi_Kerja_sama_Islam" title="Organisasi Kerja sama Islam">Organisasi Kerja Sama Islam (OKI)</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Anggota</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><div> <p><a href="/wiki/Afganistan" title="Afganistan">Afganistan</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span>  <a href="/wiki/Albania" title="Albania">Albania</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span>  <a href="/wiki/Aljazair" title="Aljazair">Aljazair</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span>  <a href="/wiki/Arab_Saudi" title="Arab Saudi">Arab Saudi</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span>  <a href="/wiki/Azerbaijan" title="Azerbaijan">Azerbaijan</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span>  <a href="/wiki/Bahrain" title="Bahrain">Bahrain</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span>  <a href="/wiki/Bangladesh" title="Bangladesh">Bangladesh</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span>  <a href="/wiki/Benin" title="Benin">Benin</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span>  <a href="/wiki/Brunei" class="mw-redirect" title="Brunei">Brunei</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span>  <a href="/wiki/Burkina_Faso" title="Burkina Faso">Burkina Faso</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span>  <a href="/wiki/Chad" title="Chad">Chad</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span>  <a href="/wiki/Gabon" title="Gabon">Gabon</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span>  <a href="/wiki/Gambia" title="Gambia">Gambia</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span>  <a href="/wiki/Guinea" title="Guinea">Guinea</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span>  <a href="/wiki/Guinea_Bissau" class="mw-redirect" title="Guinea Bissau">Guinea Bissau</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span>  <a href="/wiki/Guyana" title="Guyana">Guyana</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span>  <a href="/wiki/Indonesia" title="Indonesia">Indonesia</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span>  <a href="/wiki/Irak" title="Irak">Irak</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span>  <a href="/wiki/Iran" title="Iran">Iran</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span>  <a href="/wiki/Jibuti" title="Jibuti">Jibuti</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span>  <a href="/wiki/Kamerun" title="Kamerun">Kamerun</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span>  <a href="/wiki/Kazakhstan" title="Kazakhstan">Kazakhstan</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span>  <a href="/wiki/Komoro" title="Komoro">Komoro</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span>  <a href="/wiki/Kirgizstan" title="Kirgizstan">Kirgizstan</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span>  <a href="/wiki/Kuwait" title="Kuwait">Kuwait</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span>  <a href="/wiki/Lebanon" title="Lebanon">Lebanon</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span>  <a href="/wiki/Libya" title="Libya">Libya</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span>  <a href="/wiki/Maladewa" title="Maladewa">Maladewa</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span>  <a href="/wiki/Malaysia" title="Malaysia">Malaysia</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span>  <a href="/wiki/Mali" title="Mali">Mali</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span>  <a href="/wiki/Maroko" title="Maroko">Maroko</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span>  <a href="/wiki/Mauritania" title="Mauritania">Mauritania</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span>  <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Mesir</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span>  <a href="/wiki/Mozambik" title="Mozambik">Mozambik</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span>  <a href="/wiki/Niger" title="Niger">Niger</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span>  <a href="/wiki/Nigeria" title="Nigeria">Nigeria</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span>  <a href="/wiki/Oman" title="Oman">Oman</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span>  <a href="/wiki/Pakistan" title="Pakistan">Pakistan</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span>  <a href="/wiki/Negara_Palestina" class="mw-redirect" title="Negara Palestina">Palestina</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span>  <a href="/wiki/Pantai_Gading" title="Pantai Gading">Pantai Gading</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span>  <a href="/wiki/Qatar" title="Qatar">Qatar</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span>  <a href="/wiki/Senegal" title="Senegal">Senegal</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span>  <a href="/wiki/Sierra_Leone" title="Sierra Leone">Sierra Leone</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span>  <a href="/wiki/Somalia" title="Somalia">Somalia</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span>  <a href="/wiki/Sudan" title="Sudan">Sudan</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span>  <a href="/wiki/Suriah" title="Suriah">Suriah</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span>  <a href="/wiki/Suriname" title="Suriname">Suriname</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span>  <a href="/wiki/Tajikistan" title="Tajikistan">Tajikistan</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span>  <a href="/wiki/Togo" title="Togo">Togo</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span>  <a href="/wiki/Tunisia" title="Tunisia">Tunisia</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span>  <a href="/wiki/Turki" title="Turki">Turki</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span>  <a href="/wiki/Turkmenistan" title="Turkmenistan">Turkmenistan</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span>  <a href="/wiki/Uganda" title="Uganda">Uganda</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span>  <a href="/wiki/Uni_Emirat_Arab" title="Uni Emirat Arab">Uni Emirat Arab</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span>  <a href="/wiki/Uzbekistan" title="Uzbekistan">Uzbekistan</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span>  <a href="/wiki/Yaman" title="Yaman">Yaman</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span>  <a href="/wiki/Yordania" title="Yordania">Yordania</a> </p> </div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Pengamat</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Negara</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Afrika_Tengah" title="Afrika Tengah">Afrika Tengah</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span>  <a href="/wiki/Bosnia_dan_Herzegovina" title="Bosnia dan Herzegovina">Bosnia dan Herzegovina</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span>  <a href="/wiki/Rusia" title="Rusia">Rusia</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span>  <a href="/wiki/Thailand" title="Thailand">Thailand</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span>  <a href="/wiki/Republik_Turki_Siprus_Utara" class="mw-redirect" title="Republik Turki Siprus Utara">Siprus Turki</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Organisasi/komunitas muslim</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Front_Pembebasan_Nasional_Moro" title="Front Pembebasan Nasional Moro">Front Pembebasan Nasional Moro</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Institusi Islam</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Uni_Parlemen_Negara_Anggota_OKI" title="Uni Parlemen Negara Anggota OKI">Uni Parlemen Negara Anggota OKI</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Organisasi internasional</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Gerakan_Non-Blok" class="mw-redirect" title="Gerakan Non-Blok">Gerakan Non-Blok</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span>  <a href="/wiki/Liga_Arab" title="Liga Arab">Liga Arab</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span>  <a href="/wiki/Organisasi_Kerja_Sama_Ekonomi" title="Organisasi Kerja Sama Ekonomi">Organisasi Kerja Sama Ekonomi</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span>  <a href="/wiki/Perserikatan_Bangsa-Bangsa" title="Perserikatan Bangsa-Bangsa">Perserikatan Bangsa-Bangsa</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span>  <a href="/wiki/Uni_Afrika" title="Uni Afrika">Uni Afrika</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r23782733" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r25847331" /></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Liga_Arab" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r18590415" /><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-lihat"><a href="/wiki/Templat:Liga_Arab" title="Templat:Liga Arab"><abbr title="Lihat templat ini">l</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-bicara"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pembicaraan_Templat:Liga_Arab&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pembicaraan Templat:Liga Arab (halaman belum tersedia)"><abbr title="Diskusikan templat ini">b</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-sunting"><a class="external text" href="https://id.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Templat:Liga_Arab&action=edit"><abbr title="Sunting templat ini">s</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Liga_Arab" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Liga_Arab" title="Liga Arab">Liga Arab</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Anggota</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aljazair" title="Aljazair">Aljazair</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arab_Saudi" title="Arab Saudi">Arab Saudi</a> (pendiri)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bahrain" title="Bahrain">Bahrain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jibuti" title="Jibuti">Jibuti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irak" title="Irak">Irak</a> (pendiri)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Komoro" title="Komoro">Komoro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kuwait" title="Kuwait">Kuwait</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lebanon" title="Lebanon">Lebanon</a> (pendiri)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Libya" title="Libya">Libya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maroko" title="Maroko">Maroko</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mauritania" title="Mauritania">Mauritania</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Mesir</a> (pendiri)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oman" title="Oman">Oman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Negara_Palestina" class="mw-redirect" title="Negara Palestina">Palestina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qatar" title="Qatar">Qatar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Somalia" title="Somalia">Somalia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sudan" title="Sudan">Sudan</a></li> <li class="mw-empty-elt"></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tunisia" title="Tunisia">Tunisia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uni_Emirat_Arab" title="Uni Emirat Arab">Uni Emirat Arab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yaman" title="Yaman">Yaman</a> (pendiri)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yordania" title="Yordania">Yordania</a> (pendiri)</li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="3" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Emblem_of_the_Arab_League.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Emblem_of_the_Arab_League.svg/55px-Emblem_of_the_Arab_League.svg.png" decoding="async" width="55" height="59" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Emblem_of_the_Arab_League.svg/83px-Emblem_of_the_Arab_League.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Emblem_of_the_Arab_League.svg/110px-Emblem_of_the_Arab_League.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="420" data-file-height="450" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Dibekukan</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Suriah" title="Suriah">Suriah</a> (pendiri)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Pemantau</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Brasil" title="Brasil">Brasil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eritrea" title="Eritrea">Eritrea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/India" title="India">India</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Venezuela" title="Venezuela">Venezuela</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r23782733" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r25847331" /></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Pengawasan_otoritas_frameless_&#124;text-top_&#124;10px_&#124;alt=Sunting_ini_di_Wikidata_&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q79#identifiers&#124;Sunting_ini_di_Wikidata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Pengawasan_otoritas_frameless_&#124;text-top_&#124;10px_&#124;alt=Sunting_ini_di_Wikidata_&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q79#identifiers&#124;Sunting_ini_di_Wikidata" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Pengawasan_otoritas" title="Bantuan:Pengawasan otoritas">Pengawasan otoritas</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q79#identifiers" title="Sunting ini di Wikidata"><img alt="Sunting ini di Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Umum</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/4000556-2">Integrated Authority File (Jerman)</a></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ISNI_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISNI (identifier)">ISNI</a> <ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://isni.org/isni/0000000122592789">1</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://isni.org/isni/0000000404908075">2</a></span></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/VIAF_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="VIAF (identifier)">VIAF</a> <ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/242059233">1</a></span></li></ul></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/identities/containsVIAFID/242059233">WorldCat (via VIAF)</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Perpustakaan nasional</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://authority.bibsys.no/authority/rest/authorities/html/90074621">Norwegia</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://catalogo.bne.es/uhtbin/authoritybrowse.cgi?action=display&authority_id=XX450764">Spanyol</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb11863530z">Prancis</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb11863530z">(data)</a></span> <ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb15238583n">2</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb15238583n">(data)</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb11938556d">3</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb11938556d">(data)</a></span></li></ul></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://esu.com.ua/search_articles.php?id=17479">Ukraina</a></span> <ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://esu.com.ua/search_articles.php?id=43151">2</a></span></li></ul></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/names/n80061791">Amerika Serikat</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.ndl.go.jp/auth/ndlna/00562068">Jepang</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=ge129127&CON_LNG=ENG">Republik Ceko</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://nla.gov.au/anbd.aut-an35058797">Australia</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://uli.nli.org.il/F/?func=direct&doc_number=000979563&local_base=nlx10">Israel</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Lembaga penelitian seni</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://kulturnav.org/7d52ce20-fea6-42a6-bcf3-9f11ebed03d8">KulturNav (Norway)</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Lain-lain</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1208755/">Faceted Application of Subject Terminology</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://hls-dhs-dss.ch/fr/articles/003431">Historical Dictionary of Switzerland</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a href="/wiki/MBAREA_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="MBAREA (identifier)">MusicBrainz</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://musicbrainz.org/area/8e0551f2-95c2-3cc0-a0a9-f2d344f10667">area</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalog.archives.gov/id/10046273">National Archives (US)</a></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RERO_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="RERO (identifier)">RERO (Swiss)</a> <ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://data.rero.ch/02-A000056642">1</a></span></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SUDOC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="SUDOC (identifier)">SUDOC (Prancis)</a> <ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.idref.fr/027316866">1</a></span></li></ul></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://islamansiklopedisi.org.tr/misir">Encyclopedia of Islam</a></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trove_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Trove (identifier)">Trove (Australia)</a> <ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://trove.nla.gov.au/people/814605">1</a></span></li></ul></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.parliament.uk/mfuTWJhJ">UK Parliament</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?useformat=desktop&type=1x1&usesul3=0" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Diperoleh dari "<a dir="ltr" href="https://id.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mesir&oldid=27031626">https://id.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mesir&oldid=27031626</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Daftar_kategori" title="Istimewa:Daftar kategori">Kategori</a>: <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kategori:Halaman_dengan_teks_IPA_berbahasa_Egyptian_Arabic&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kategori:Halaman dengan teks IPA berbahasa Egyptian Arabic (halaman belum tersedia)">Halaman dengan teks IPA berbahasa Egyptian Arabic</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategori:Mesir" title="Kategori:Mesir">Mesir</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategori:Negara_di_Timur_Tengah" title="Kategori:Negara di Timur Tengah">Negara di Timur Tengah</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategori:Negara_di_Afrika" title="Kategori:Negara di Afrika">Negara di Afrika</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategori:Negara_mayoritas_Muslim" title="Kategori:Negara mayoritas Muslim">Negara mayoritas Muslim</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategori:Negara_berbahasa_Arab" title="Kategori:Negara berbahasa Arab">Negara berbahasa Arab</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategori:Negara_di_Asia" title="Kategori:Negara di Asia">Negara di Asia</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategori:Negara_anggota_Liga_Arab" title="Kategori:Negara anggota Liga Arab">Negara anggota Liga Arab</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategori:Negara_anggota_Organisasi_Kerja_Sama_Islam" title="Kategori:Negara anggota Organisasi Kerja Sama Islam">Negara anggota Organisasi Kerja Sama Islam</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategori:Negara_di_Laut_Tengah" title="Kategori:Negara di Laut Tengah">Negara di Laut Tengah</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategori:Negara_anggota_Perserikatan_Bangsa-Bangsa" title="Kategori:Negara anggota Perserikatan Bangsa-Bangsa">Negara anggota Perserikatan Bangsa-Bangsa</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategori:Negara_G15" title="Kategori:Negara G15">Negara G15</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Kategori tersembunyi: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kategori:Halaman_dengan_kesalahan_referensi" title="Kategori:Halaman dengan kesalahan referensi">Halaman dengan kesalahan referensi</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategori:Halaman_dengan_rujukan_yang_menggunakan_parameter_yang_tidak_didukung" title="Kategori:Halaman dengan rujukan yang menggunakan parameter yang tidak didukung">Halaman dengan rujukan yang menggunakan parameter yang tidak didukung</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategori:CS1_sumber_berbahasa_Inggris_(en)" title="Kategori:CS1 sumber berbahasa Inggris (en)">CS1 sumber berbahasa Inggris (en)</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategori:Templat_webarchive_tautan_wayback" title="Kategori:Templat webarchive tautan wayback">Templat webarchive tautan wayback</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategori:Pemeliharaan_CS1:_Url_tak_layak" title="Kategori:Pemeliharaan CS1: Url tak layak">Pemeliharaan CS1: Url tak layak</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategori:Pages_using_gadget_WikiMiniAtlas" title="Kategori:Pages using gadget WikiMiniAtlas">Pages using gadget WikiMiniAtlas</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategori:Artikel_mengandung_aksara_Arab" title="Kategori:Artikel mengandung aksara Arab">Artikel mengandung aksara Arab</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategori:Halaman_dengan_teks_IPA_berbahasa_Arab" title="Kategori:Halaman dengan teks IPA berbahasa Arab">Halaman dengan teks IPA berbahasa Arab</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategori:Halaman_dengan_templat_IPA_usang" title="Kategori:Halaman dengan templat IPA usang">Halaman dengan templat IPA usang</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategori:Artikel_mengandung_aksara_non-Indonesia" title="Kategori:Artikel mengandung aksara non-Indonesia">Artikel mengandung aksara non-Indonesia</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategori:Pranala_Commons_dari_Wikidata" title="Kategori:Pranala Commons dari Wikidata">Pranala Commons dari Wikidata</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategori:Artikel_Wikipedia_dengan_penanda_GND" title="Kategori:Artikel Wikipedia dengan penanda GND">Artikel Wikipedia dengan penanda GND</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategori:Artikel_Wikipedia_dengan_penanda_ISNI" title="Kategori:Artikel Wikipedia dengan penanda ISNI">Artikel Wikipedia dengan penanda ISNI</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategori:Artikel_Wikipedia_dengan_penanda_VIAF" title="Kategori:Artikel Wikipedia dengan penanda VIAF">Artikel Wikipedia dengan penanda VIAF</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategori:Artikel_Wikipedia_dengan_penanda_BIBSYS" title="Kategori:Artikel Wikipedia dengan penanda BIBSYS">Artikel Wikipedia dengan penanda BIBSYS</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategori:Artikel_Wikipedia_dengan_penanda_BNE" title="Kategori:Artikel Wikipedia dengan penanda BNE">Artikel Wikipedia dengan penanda BNE</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategori:Artikel_Wikipedia_dengan_penanda_BNF" title="Kategori:Artikel Wikipedia dengan penanda BNF">Artikel Wikipedia dengan penanda BNF</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategori:Artikel_Wikipedia_dengan_penanda_EMU" title="Kategori:Artikel Wikipedia dengan penanda EMU">Artikel Wikipedia dengan penanda EMU</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategori:Artikel_Wikipedia_dengan_penanda_LCCN" title="Kategori:Artikel Wikipedia dengan penanda LCCN">Artikel Wikipedia dengan penanda LCCN</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategori:Artikel_Wikipedia_dengan_penanda_NDL" title="Kategori:Artikel Wikipedia dengan penanda NDL">Artikel Wikipedia dengan penanda NDL</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategori:Artikel_Wikipedia_dengan_penanda_NKC" title="Kategori:Artikel Wikipedia dengan penanda NKC">Artikel Wikipedia dengan penanda NKC</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategori:Artikel_Wikipedia_dengan_penanda_NLA" title="Kategori:Artikel Wikipedia dengan penanda NLA">Artikel Wikipedia dengan penanda NLA</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategori:Artikel_Wikipedia_dengan_penanda_NLI" title="Kategori:Artikel Wikipedia dengan penanda NLI">Artikel Wikipedia dengan penanda 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