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<!DOCTYPE html> <html > <head> <meta charset="utf-8"> <meta rel="search" type="application/opensearchdescription+xml" href="/open_search.xml" title="Academia.edu"> <meta content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1" name="viewport"> <meta name="google-site-verification" content="bKJMBZA7E43xhDOopFZkssMMkBRjvYERV-NaN4R6mrs"> <meta name="csrf-param" content="authenticity_token" /> <meta name="csrf-token" content="sLr5Ca0tntmA02aQs5zmNh_MFZoHRZA2EsCHyS-Z_UDvMSdC3quRCtSb9W2i4yIoYmMOJjfIW5Q-MAeuDDFBYg" /> <meta name="citation_title" content="How to live in peace? Mapping the science of sustaining peace: A progress report" /> <meta name="citation_publication_date" content="2020/01/01" /> <meta name="citation_journal_title" content="The American psychologist" /> <meta name="citation_author" content="Douglas P Fry" /> <meta name="twitter:card" content="summary" /> <meta name="twitter:url" content="https://www.academia.edu/65403766/How_to_live_in_peace_Mapping_the_science_of_sustaining_peace_A_progress_report" /> <meta name="twitter:title" content="How to live in peace? Mapping the science of sustaining peace: A progress report" /> <meta name="twitter:description" content="Despite good faith attempts by countless citizens, civil society, governments, and the international community, living in a sustainably peaceful community continues to be an elusive dream in much of our world. Among the challenges to sustaining peace" /> <meta name="twitter:image" content="https://0.academia-photos.com/29915079/9479535/10562155/s200_douglas.fry.jpg_oh_fccddccb932fd435fba886b2da0da509_oe_55ed97cb___gda___1442613462_59bc5bcbb7ea25bdd36fec32cedd3d8c" /> <meta property="fb:app_id" content="2369844204" /> <meta property="og:type" content="article" /> <meta property="og:url" content="https://www.academia.edu/65403766/How_to_live_in_peace_Mapping_the_science_of_sustaining_peace_A_progress_report" /> <meta property="og:title" content="How to live in peace? Mapping the science of sustaining peace: A progress report" /> <meta property="og:image" content="http://a.academia-assets.com/images/open-graph-icons/fb-paper.gif" /> <meta property="og:description" content="Despite good faith attempts by countless citizens, civil society, governments, and the international community, living in a sustainably peaceful community continues to be an elusive dream in much of our world. 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Mapping the science of sustaining peace: A progress report</title> <link rel="canonical" href="https://www.academia.edu/65403766/How_to_live_in_peace_Mapping_the_science_of_sustaining_peace_A_progress_report" /> <script async src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtag/js?id=G-5VKX33P2DS"></script> <script> window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; function gtag(){dataLayer.push(arguments);} gtag('js', new Date()); gtag('config', 'G-5VKX33P2DS', { cookie_domain: 'academia.edu', send_page_view: false, }); gtag('event', 'page_view', { 'controller': "single_work", 'action': "show", 'controller_action': 'single_work#show', 'logged_in': 'false', 'edge': 'unknown', // Send nil if there is no A/B test bucket, in case some records get logged // with missing data - that way we can distinguish between the two cases. // ab_test_bucket should be of the form <ab_test_name>:<bucket> 'ab_test_bucket': null, }) </script> <script> var $controller_name = 'single_work'; var $action_name = "show"; var $rails_env = 'production'; var $app_rev = '29cbb9485f79f49ca3eb38b6f0905739256f19a4'; var $domain = 'academia.edu'; var $app_host = "academia.edu"; var $asset_host = "academia-assets.com"; var $start_time = new Date().getTime(); var $recaptcha_key = "6LdxlRMTAAAAADnu_zyLhLg0YF9uACwz78shpjJB"; var $recaptcha_invisible_key = "6Lf3KHUUAAAAACggoMpmGJdQDtiyrjVlvGJ6BbAj"; var $disableClientRecordHit = false; </script> <script> window.require = { config: function() { return function() {} } } </script> <script> window.Aedu = window.Aedu || {}; window.Aedu.hit_data = null; window.Aedu.serverRenderTime = new Date(1740353941000); window.Aedu.timeDifference = new Date().getTime() - 1740353941000; </script> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"ScholarlyArticle","abstract":"Despite good faith attempts by countless citizens, civil society, governments, and the international community, living in a sustainably peaceful community continues to be an elusive dream in much of our world. Among the challenges to sustaining peace is the fact that few scholars have studied enduringly peaceful societies, or have examined only narrow aspects of them, leaving our understanding of the necessary conditions, processes and policies fragmented, and deficient. This article provides a work-in-progress overview of a multidisciplinary, multimethod initiative, which aims to provide a holistic, evidence-based understanding of how peace can be sustained in societies. The Sustaining Peace Project, launched in 2014, uses complexity science as an integrative platform for synthesizing knowledge across disciplines, sectors and communities. This article introduces the multiple components of the project and shares preliminary findings. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2020 APA, all right...","author":[{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"Person","name":"Douglas P Fry","url":"https://uncg.academia.edu/DouglasFry"}],"contributor":[],"dateCreated":"2021-12-21","dateModified":"2021-12-21","datePublished":"2020-01-01","headline":"How to live in peace? 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Among the challenges to sustaining peace is the fact that few scholars have studied enduringly peaceful societies, or have examined only narrow aspects of them, leaving our understanding of the necessary conditions, processes and policies fragmented, and deficient. This article provides a work-in-progress overview of a multidisciplinary, multimethod initiative, which aims to provide a holistic, evidence-based understanding of how peace can be sustained in societies. The Sustaining Peace Project, launched in 2014, uses complexity science as an integrative platform for synthesizing knowledge across disciplines, sectors and communities. This article introduces the multiple components of the project and shares preliminary findings. 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Mapping the science of sustaining peace: A progress report","broadcastable":true,"draft":null,"has_indexable_attachment":true,"indexable":true}}["work"]; window.loswp.workCoauthors = [29915079]; window.loswp.locale = "en"; window.loswp.countryCode = "SG"; window.loswp.cwvAbTestBucket = ""; window.loswp.designVariant = "ds_vanilla"; window.loswp.fullPageMobileSutdModalVariant = "control"; window.loswp.useOptimizedScribd4genScript = false; window.loginModal = {}; window.loginModal.appleClientId = 'edu.academia.applesignon'; window.userInChina = "false";</script><script defer="" src="https://accounts.google.com/gsi/client"></script><div class="ds-loswp-container"><div class="ds-work-card--grid-container"><div class="ds-work-card--container js-loswp-work-card"><div class="ds-work-card--cover"><div class="ds-work-cover--wrapper"><div class="ds-work-cover--container"><button class="ds-work-cover--clickable js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"swp-splash-paper-cover","attachmentId":77016067,"attachmentType":"pdf"}"><img alt="First page of “How to live in peace? 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Mapping the science of sustaining peace: A progress report</h1><div class="ds-work-card--work-authors ds-work-card--detail"><a class="ds-work-card--author js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="29915079" href="https://uncg.academia.edu/DouglasFry"><img alt="Profile image of Douglas P Fry" class="ds-work-card--author-avatar" src="https://0.academia-photos.com/29915079/9479535/10562155/s65_douglas.fry.jpg_oh_fccddccb932fd435fba886b2da0da509_oe_55ed97cb___gda___1442613462_59bc5bcbb7ea25bdd36fec32cedd3d8c" />Douglas P Fry</a></div><div class="ds-work-card--detail"><p class="ds-work-card--detail ds2-5-body-sm">2020, The American psychologist</p><div class="ds-work-card--work-metadata"><div class="ds-work-card--work-metadata__stat"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">visibility</span><p class="ds2-5-body-sm" id="work-metadata-view-count">…</p></div><div class="ds-work-card--work-metadata__stat"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">description</span><p class="ds2-5-body-sm">16 pages</p></div><div class="ds-work-card--work-metadata__stat"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">link</span><p class="ds2-5-body-sm">1 file</p></div></div><script>(async () => { const workId = 65403766; const worksViewsPath = "/v0/works/views?subdomain_param=api&work_ids%5B%5D=65403766"; const getWorkViews = async (workId) => { const response = await fetch(worksViewsPath); if (!response.ok) { throw new Error('Failed to load work views'); } const data = await response.json(); return data.views[workId]; }; // Get the view count for the work - we send this immediately rather than waiting for // the DOM to load, so it can be available as soon as possible (but without holding up // the backend or other resource requests, because it's a bit expensive and not critical). const viewCount = await getWorkViews(workId); const updateViewCount = (viewCount) => { try { const viewCountNumber = parseInt(viewCount, 10); if (viewCountNumber === 0) { // Remove the whole views element if there are zero views. document.getElementById('work-metadata-view-count')?.parentNode?.remove(); return; } const commaizedViewCount = viewCountNumber.toLocaleString(); const viewCountBody = document.getElementById('work-metadata-view-count'); if (!viewCountBody) { throw new Error('Failed to find work views element'); } viewCountBody.textContent = `${commaizedViewCount} views`; } catch (error) { // Remove the whole views element if there was some issue parsing. document.getElementById('work-metadata-view-count')?.parentNode?.remove(); throw new Error(`Failed to parse view count: ${viewCount}`, error); } }; // If the DOM is still loading, wait for it to be ready before updating the view count. if (document.readyState === "loading") { document.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', () => { updateViewCount(viewCount); }); // Otherwise, just update it immediately. } else { updateViewCount(viewCount); } })();</script></div><p class="ds-work-card--work-abstract ds-work-card--detail ds2-5-body-md">Despite good faith attempts by countless citizens, civil society, governments, and the international community, living in a sustainably peaceful community continues to be an elusive dream in much of our world. Among the challenges to sustaining peace is the fact that few scholars have studied enduringly peaceful societies, or have examined only narrow aspects of them, leaving our understanding of the necessary conditions, processes and policies fragmented, and deficient. This article provides a work-in-progress overview of a multidisciplinary, multimethod initiative, which aims to provide a holistic, evidence-based understanding of how peace can be sustained in societies. The Sustaining Peace Project, launched in 2014, uses complexity science as an integrative platform for synthesizing knowledge across disciplines, sectors and communities. This article introduces the multiple components of the project and shares preliminary findings. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2020 APA, all right...</p><div class="ds-work-card--button-container"><button class="ds2-5-button js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"continue-reading-button--work-card","attachmentId":77016067,"attachmentType":"pdf","workUrl":"https://www.academia.edu/65403766/How_to_live_in_peace_Mapping_the_science_of_sustaining_peace_A_progress_report"}">See full PDF</button><button class="ds2-5-button ds2-5-button--secondary js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"download-pdf-button--work-card","attachmentId":77016067,"attachmentType":"pdf","workUrl":"https://www.academia.edu/65403766/How_to_live_in_peace_Mapping_the_science_of_sustaining_peace_A_progress_report"}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">download</span>Download PDF</button></div><div class="ds-signup-banner-trigger-container"><div class="ds-signup-banner-trigger ds-signup-banner-trigger-control"></div></div><div class="ds-signup-banner ds-signup-banner-control"><div id="ds-signup-banner-close-button"><button class="ds2-5-button ds2-5-button--secondary ds2-5-button--inverse"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">close</span></button></div><div class="ds-signup-banner-ctas"><img src="//a.academia-assets.com/images/academia-logo-capital-white.svg" /><h4 class="ds2-5-heading-serif-sm">Sign up for access to the world's latest research</h4><button class="ds2-5-button ds2-5-button--inverse ds2-5-button--full-width js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"signup-banner"}">Sign up for free<span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">arrow_forward</span></button></div><div class="ds-signup-banner-divider"></div><div class="ds-signup-banner-reasons"><div class="ds-signup-banner-reasons-item"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 24px" translate="no">check</span><span>Get notified about relevant papers</span></div><div class="ds-signup-banner-reasons-item"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 24px" translate="no">check</span><span>Save papers to use in your research</span></div><div class="ds-signup-banner-reasons-item"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 24px" translate="no">check</span><span>Join the discussion with peers</span></div><div class="ds-signup-banner-reasons-item"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 24px" translate="no">check</span><span>Track your impact</span></div></div></div><script>(() => { // Set up signup banner show/hide behavior: // 1. 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Beyond this commonsense use of the term, complexity theory, applied to the social world, can offer insights about social behavior and relations that are highly relevant for peace and conflict studies. Complexity theory offers a theoretical framework helpful for understanding how complex social systems can prevent, manage, transform , or recover from violent conflict. Insights from complexity theory about how best to influence the behavior of complex systems, how such systems respond to pressure, and how to avoid unintended consequences should thus be valuable for peace and conflict studies.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Insights from Complexity Theory for Peace and Conflict Studies","attachmentId":64237826,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/43913647/Insights_from_Complexity_Theory_for_Peace_and_Conflict_Studies","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/43913647/Insights_from_Complexity_Theory_for_Peace_and_Conflict_Studies"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="1" data-entity-id="23306239" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/23306239/From_peacebuilding_to_sustaining_peace_Implications_of_complexity_for_resilience_and_sustainability">From peacebuilding to sustaining peace: Implications of complexity for resilience and sustainability</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="2176659" href="https://nupi.academia.edu/CedricdeConing">Cedric de Coning</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">This paper considers some of the implications of applying a complexity theory lens to the peacebuilding field. Amongst others it finds that for a peace process to become self-sustainable, resilient social institutions need to emerge from within the social system, i.e. informed by the local culture, history and socio-economic context. International peacebuilders can assist this process, but if they interfere too much they end up undermining the self-organizing processes necessary to generate and sustain resilient social institutions. A Complexity informed approach to sustaining peace suggest that international peacebuilders focus their efforts on safeguarding, stimulating, facilitating and creating the space for societies to develop resilient capacities for self-organisation.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"From peacebuilding to sustaining peace: Implications of complexity for resilience and sustainability","attachmentId":43768145,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/23306239/From_peacebuilding_to_sustaining_peace_Implications_of_complexity_for_resilience_and_sustainability","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/23306239/From_peacebuilding_to_sustaining_peace_Implications_of_complexity_for_resilience_and_sustainability"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="2" data-entity-id="27670765" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/27670765/Complexity_Thinking_for_Peacebuilding_Practice_and_Evaluation">Complexity Thinking for Peacebuilding Practice and Evaluation</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="2176659" href="https://nupi.academia.edu/CedricdeConing">Cedric de Coning</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">This book covers the design, evaluation, and learning for international interventions aiming to promote peace. More specifically, it reconceptualises this space by critically analysing mainstream approaches – presenting both conceptual and empirical content. This volume offers a variety of original and insightful contributions to the debates grappling with the adoption of complexity thinking. Insights from Complexity Thinking for Peacebuilding Practice and Evaluation addresses the core dilemma that practitioners have to confront: how to function in situations that are fast changing and complex, when equipped with tools designed for neither? How do we reconcile the tension between the use of linear causal logic and the dynamic political transitions that interventions are meant to assist? Readers will be given a rare opportunity to superimpose the latest conceptual innovations with the latest case study applications and from a diverse spectrum of organisational vantage points. This provides the myriad practitioners and consultants in this space with invaluable insights as to how to improve their trade craft, while ensuring policy makers and the accompanying research/academic industry have clearer guidance and innovative thinking. This edited volume provides critically innovative offerings for the audiences that make up this broad area’s practitioners, researchers/academics/educators, and consultants, as well as policy makers.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Complexity Thinking for Peacebuilding Practice and Evaluation","attachmentId":47937662,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/27670765/Complexity_Thinking_for_Peacebuilding_Practice_and_Evaluation","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/27670765/Complexity_Thinking_for_Peacebuilding_Practice_and_Evaluation"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="3" data-entity-id="994973" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/994973/Complexity_Thinking_as_a_Meta_Framework_for_Conflict_Transformation_In_Search_of_a_Paradigm_and_a_Methodology_for_a_Transformative_Culture_of_Peace">Complexity Thinking as a Meta-Framework for Conflict Transformation. In Search of a Paradigm and a Methodology for a Transformative Culture of Peace</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="829243" href="https://independent.academia.edu/wilfriedgraf">Wilfried Graf</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">iicp.at</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Complexity Thinking as a Meta-Framework for Conflict Transformation. In Search of a Paradigm and a Methodology for a Transformative Culture of Peace","attachmentId":6092225,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/994973/Complexity_Thinking_as_a_Meta_Framework_for_Conflict_Transformation_In_Search_of_a_Paradigm_and_a_Methodology_for_a_Transformative_Culture_of_Peace","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/994973/Complexity_Thinking_as_a_Meta_Framework_for_Conflict_Transformation_In_Search_of_a_Paradigm_and_a_Methodology_for_a_Transformative_Culture_of_Peace"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="4" data-entity-id="51943788" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/51943788/Complexity_analysis_of_sustainable_peace_mathematical_models_and_data_science_measurements">Complexity analysis of sustainable peace: mathematical models and data science measurements</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="109623897" href="https://independent.academia.edu/AmmadKhan25">Ammad Khan</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">New Journal of Physics</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">Peace is not merely the absence of war and violence, rather "positive peace" is the political, economic, and social systems that generate and sustain peaceful societies. Our international and multidisciplinary group is using physics inspired complex systems analysis methods to understand the factors and their interactions that together support and maintain peace. We developed causal loop diagrams (CLDs) and from them ordinary differential equation models of the system needed for sustainable peace. We then used that mathematical model to determine the attractors in the system, the dynamics of the approach to those attractors, and the factors and connections that play the most important role in determining the final state of the system. We used data science ("big data") methods to measure quantitative values of the peace factors from structured and unstructured (social media) data. We also developed a graphical user interface for the mathematical model so that social scientists or policy makers, can by themselves, explore the effects of changing the variables and parameters in these systems. These results demonstrate that complex systems analysis methods, previously developed and applied to physical and biological systems, can also be productively applied to analyze social systems such as those needed for sustainable peace.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Complexity analysis of sustainable peace: mathematical models and data science measurements","attachmentId":69438212,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/51943788/Complexity_analysis_of_sustainable_peace_mathematical_models_and_data_science_measurements","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/51943788/Complexity_analysis_of_sustainable_peace_mathematical_models_and_data_science_measurements"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="5" data-entity-id="114933782" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/114933782/Building_Peace_in_a_Complex_World">Building Peace in a Complex World</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="1253415" href="https://brandeis.academia.edu/marifitzduff">mari fitzduff</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Journal of Corporate Citizenship, 2015</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Building Peace in a Complex World","attachmentId":111489768,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/114933782/Building_Peace_in_a_Complex_World","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/114933782/Building_Peace_in_a_Complex_World"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="6" data-entity-id="89432307" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/89432307/Complexity_Peacebuilding_and_Coherence_Implications_of_Complexity_for_the_Peacebuilding_Coherence_Dilemma">Complexity, Peacebuilding and Coherence: Implications of Complexity for the Peacebuilding Coherence Dilemma</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="88533816" href="https://independent.academia.edu/CedricdeConing">Cedric de Coning</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">This dissertation explores the utility of using Complexity studies to improve our understanding of peacebuilding and the coherence dilemma, which is regarded as one of the most significant problems facing peacebuilding interventions. Peacebuilding is said to be complex, and this study investigates what this implies, and asks whether Complexity could be</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Complexity, Peacebuilding and Coherence: Implications of Complexity for the Peacebuilding Coherence Dilemma","attachmentId":93239447,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/89432307/Complexity_Peacebuilding_and_Coherence_Implications_of_Complexity_for_the_Peacebuilding_Coherence_Dilemma","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/89432307/Complexity_Peacebuilding_and_Coherence_Implications_of_Complexity_for_the_Peacebuilding_Coherence_Dilemma"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="7" data-entity-id="75228331" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/75228331/The_Peace_Continuum_What_It_Is_and_How_to_Study_It_By_Christian_Davenport_Erik_Melander_and_Patrick_M_Regan_New_York_Oxford_University_Press_2018_240p_105_00_cloth_29_95_paper">The Peace Continuum: What It Is and How to Study It. By Christian Davenport, Erik Melander, and Patrick M. Regan. New York: Oxford University Press, 2018. 240p. $105.00 cloth, $29.95 paper</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="51622897" href="https://oxford.academia.edu/RichardCaplan">Richard Caplan</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Perspectives on Politics, 2021</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">the assumptions underpinning practice. The problem, in his view, is that “the reader is not provided with much insight regarding what they should do with all of this variation.”My purpose, however, was to demonstrate that among scholars and practitioners there is neither a consensus with respect to the characteristics of peace nor, as a result, on how to measure peace. My purpose was not to navigate through this variation but rather to offer what I consider to be principles that should inform a sound navigation, which I do in chapter 5. Davenport’s second point concerns what he calls my “pivot” in chapter 4 to a statistical evaluation of peace duration, given what I argue elsewhere in the book about the limitations of a narrow conception of peace as the “mere” cessation of violence. “Why do this?” Davenport asks. For the simple reason that the nonrecurrence of violence is the sine qua non of peace, and it would seem to be important therefore to investigate the factors that contribut...</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"The Peace Continuum: What It Is and How to Study It. By Christian Davenport, Erik Melander, and Patrick M. Regan. New York: Oxford University Press, 2018. 240p. $105.00 cloth, $29.95 paper","attachmentId":83082356,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/75228331/The_Peace_Continuum_What_It_Is_and_How_to_Study_It_By_Christian_Davenport_Erik_Melander_and_Patrick_M_Regan_New_York_Oxford_University_Press_2018_240p_105_00_cloth_29_95_paper","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/75228331/The_Peace_Continuum_What_It_Is_and_How_to_Study_It_By_Christian_Davenport_Erik_Melander_and_Patrick_M_Regan_New_York_Oxford_University_Press_2018_240p_105_00_cloth_29_95_paper"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="8" data-entity-id="20067307" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/20067307/Peacebuilding_in_complex_social_systems">Peacebuilding in complex social systems</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="12389329" href="https://uq.academia.edu/SLoode">Serge Loode</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">This article adds to the critical literature on peacebuilding and development by applying a complex systems science perspective to the discussion about success or failure of peacebuilding interventions. It describes the communities that peacebuilders work in as complex social systems and focuses on the interdependence of actors and the systemic patterns that their interactions create. From this background the article argues that peacebuilding and development are non- linear processes that cannot be planned with certainty and that successful peacebuilding ought to be an evolutionary process, which focuses on building and transforming relationships to rebuild multidimensionality in protracted-conflict situations. One way to do this is through intergroup dialogue processes, which apply the abstract principles of complex systems science in small-group interactions and assist in transforming the conflict landscape.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Peacebuilding in complex social systems","attachmentId":40987787,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/20067307/Peacebuilding_in_complex_social_systems","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/20067307/Peacebuilding_in_complex_social_systems"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="9" data-entity-id="43913629" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/43913629/Adaptive_Peace_Operations_Navigating_the_Complexity_of_Influencing_Societal_Change_Without_Causing_Harm">Adaptive Peace Operations: Navigating the Complexity of Influencing Societal Change Without Causing Harm</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="2176659" href="https://nupi.academia.edu/CedricdeConing">Cedric de Coning</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">International Peacekeeping, 2020</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">Complexity theory offers a theoretical framework for analysing how social systems prevent, manage and recover from violent conflict. Insights from complexity suggest that for a peace process to become self-sustainable, resilient social institutions need to emerge from within, i.e. from the culture, history and socio-economic context of the relevant society. Peace operations are deployed to contain violence and to facilitate this process, but if they interfere too much, they will cause harm by inadvertently disrupting the very feedback loops critical for self-organisation to emerge and to be sustained. To navigate this dilemma, the paper proposes employing an adaptive approach, where peace operations, together with the communities and people affected by the conflict, actively engage in an iterative process of inductive learning and adaptation. Adaptive Peace Operations is a normative and functional approach to peace operations that is aimed at navigating the complexity inherent in trying to nudge societal change processes towards sustaining peace, without causing harm.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Adaptive Peace Operations: Navigating the Complexity of Influencing Societal Change Without Causing Harm","attachmentId":64237803,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/43913629/Adaptive_Peace_Operations_Navigating_the_Complexity_of_Influencing_Societal_Change_Without_Causing_Harm","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/43913629/Adaptive_Peace_Operations_Navigating_the_Complexity_of_Influencing_Societal_Change_Without_Causing_Harm"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div></div></div><div class="ds-sticky-ctas--wrapper js-loswp-sticky-ctas hidden"><div class="ds-sticky-ctas--grid-container"><div class="ds-sticky-ctas--container"><button class="ds2-5-button js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"continue-reading-button--sticky-ctas","attachmentId":77016067,"attachmentType":"pdf","workUrl":null}">See full PDF</button><button class="ds2-5-button ds2-5-button--secondary js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"download-pdf-button--sticky-ctas","attachmentId":77016067,"attachmentType":"pdf","workUrl":null}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">download</span>Download PDF</button></div></div></div><div class="ds-below-fold--grid-container"><div class="ds-work--container js-loswp-embedded-document"><div class="attachment_preview" data-attachment="Attachment_77016067" style="display: none"><div class="js-scribd-document-container"><div class="scribd--document-loading js-scribd-document-loader" style="display: block;"><img alt="Loading..." src="//a.academia-assets.com/images/loaders/paper-load.gif" /><p>Loading Preview</p></div></div><div style="text-align: center;"><div class="scribd--no-preview-alert js-preview-unavailable"><p>Sorry, preview is currently unavailable. 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data-collection-position="5" data-entity-id="7151419" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-related-work-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/7151419/Cultivating_Peace_Contexts_Practices_and_Multidimensional_Models">Cultivating Peace: Contexts, Practices and Multidimensional Models</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-related-work-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="3314796" href="https://une-au.academia.edu/HelenWare">Helen Ware</a><span>, </span><a class="js-related-work-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="1104380" href="https://uq.academia.edu/DBSubedi">DB Subedi</a><span>, </span><a class="js-related-work-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="1784950" href="https://une-au.academia.edu/BJenkins">Bert (Bertram) A Jenkins</a><span>, </span><a class="js-related-work-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="465188" href="https://une-au.academia.edu/MartyBranagan">Marty Branagan</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">2014</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Cultivating Peace: Contexts, Practices and Multidimensional Models","attachmentId":33785606,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/7151419/Cultivating_Peace_Contexts_Practices_and_Multidimensional_Models","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-related-work-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/7151419/Cultivating_Peace_Contexts_Practices_and_Multidimensional_Models"><span 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data-entity-id="80868202" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-related-work-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/80868202/Yet_More_Lessons_From_Complexity_Unity_the_key_for_Peace">Yet More Lessons From Complexity. Unity the key for Peace</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-related-work-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="115610" href="https://ucdavis.academia.edu/CarlosPuente">Carlos Puente</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">2004</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Yet More Lessons From Complexity. Unity the key for Peace","attachmentId":87106788,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/80868202/Yet_More_Lessons_From_Complexity_Unity_the_key_for_Peace","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-related-work-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/80868202/Yet_More_Lessons_From_Complexity_Unity_the_key_for_Peace"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-related-work-sidebar-card" data-collection-position="8" data-entity-id="98676645" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-related-work-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/98676645/Building_peaceful_societies_an_evidence_gap_map">Building peaceful societies: an evidence gap map</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-related-work-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="262007718" href="https://independent.academia.edu/Kr%C3%A4merMarion">Marion Krämer</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">2020</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Building peaceful societies: an evidence gap map","attachmentId":99962538,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/98676645/Building_peaceful_societies_an_evidence_gap_map","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free 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data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-related-work-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/111981283/Challenges_for_Peacemakers">Challenges for Peacemakers</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-related-work-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="33129381" href="https://independent.academia.edu/DanielBarTal">Daniel Bar-Tal</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Policy Insights from the Behavioral and Brain Sciences, 2014</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Challenges for Peacemakers","attachmentId":109354752,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/111981283/Challenges_for_Peacemakers","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" 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