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type--lion">Burgundian Wars: Battle of Nancy</h1> </div></div> </div><div class="loc article-post-header"><div id="post-header-social-block_1-0" class="comp post-header-social-block mntl-block"><div id="social-share-block_1-0" class="comp social-share-block mntl-block"><ul id="social-share_1-0" class="comp social-share mntl-social-share share" data-title="Burgundian Wars: Battle of Nancy" document="StructuredContentDocumentEx{parent=BaseDocumentEx{templateType=STRUCTUREDCONTENT, documentId=2360745, bestTitle='Burgundian Wars: Battle of Nancy'}}" data-description="The Battle of Nancy was fought January 5, 1477, and was the decisive battle of the Burgundian Wars." data-tracking-container="true"> <li class="share-item share-item-facebook"> <span data-href="https://www.facebook.com/sharer/sharer.php?u=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.thoughtco.com%2Fburgundian-wars-battle-of-nancy-2360745%3Futm_source%3Dfacebook.com%26utm_medium%3Dsocial%26utm_campaign%3Dsocial-share-article" data-network="facebook" 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data-tracking-container="true"><div id="reference-bylines_1-0" class="comp reference-bylines mntl-bylines right-rail__offset"><div id="mntl-bylines__group_1-0" class="comp mntl-bylines__group mntl-block mntl-bylines__group--author"><div id="mntl-bylines__item_1-0" class="comp mntl-bylines__item mntl-attribution__item mntl-attribution__item--has-date"> <span class="mntl-attribution__item-descriptor">By</span> <div data-tooltip="Kennedy Hickman is a historian, museum director, and curator who specializes in military and naval history. He has appeared on The History Channel as a featured expert." tabindex="0" data-inline-tooltip="true"> <a href="https://www.thoughtco.com/kennedy-hickman-2360124" rel="nocaes" data-trigger-link="true" class="mntl-attribution__item-name" tabindex="-1" >Kennedy Hickman</a> <div id="mntl-author-tooltip_1-0" class="comp mntl-author-tooltip mntl-tooltip mntl-group "> <div class="mntl-author-tooltip__top "> <div class="mntl-author-tooltip__image-wrapper"> <div class="img-placeholder" style="padding-bottom:100.0%;"> <img data-srcset="https://www.thoughtco.com/thmb/VpNr4m3cqhnfwWW_XezTVXeEmOw=/40x0/filters:no_upscale():max_bytes(150000):strip_icc()/khickman-5b6c7044c9e77c005075339c.jpg 40w, https://www.thoughtco.com/thmb/pYhk0-c3MAXZaTN8AH9xD27bvOs=/58x0/filters:no_upscale():max_bytes(150000):strip_icc()/khickman-5b6c7044c9e77c005075339c.jpg 58w, https://www.thoughtco.com/thmb/ckNJZWlFjuYRists4_qoM7o_ZgU=/76x0/filters:no_upscale():max_bytes(150000):strip_icc()/khickman-5b6c7044c9e77c005075339c.jpg 76w, https://www.thoughtco.com/thmb/BC1d2FHAsXrHM8fR-e3ooVZYLWY=/94x0/filters:no_upscale():max_bytes(150000):strip_icc()/khickman-5b6c7044c9e77c005075339c.jpg 94w, https://www.thoughtco.com/thmb/NwEGB9eMxcH3pC0wSKFplzgAC0s=/112x0/filters:no_upscale():max_bytes(150000):strip_icc()/khickman-5b6c7044c9e77c005075339c.jpg 112w" data-sizes="80px" data-src="https://www.thoughtco.com/thmb/j_rLntDeMV8t_f-OLixiNO-kybc=/200x200/filters:no_upscale():max_bytes(150000):strip_icc()/khickman-5b6c7044c9e77c005075339c.jpg" alt="Ken Hickman" class="lazyload mntl-author-tooltip__image" width="200" height="200" /> <noscript> <img src="https://www.thoughtco.com/thmb/j_rLntDeMV8t_f-OLixiNO-kybc=/200x200/filters:no_upscale():max_bytes(150000):strip_icc()/khickman-5b6c7044c9e77c005075339c.jpg" srcset="https://www.thoughtco.com/thmb/VpNr4m3cqhnfwWW_XezTVXeEmOw=/40x0/filters:no_upscale():max_bytes(150000):strip_icc()/khickman-5b6c7044c9e77c005075339c.jpg 40w, https://www.thoughtco.com/thmb/pYhk0-c3MAXZaTN8AH9xD27bvOs=/58x0/filters:no_upscale():max_bytes(150000):strip_icc()/khickman-5b6c7044c9e77c005075339c.jpg 58w, https://www.thoughtco.com/thmb/ckNJZWlFjuYRists4_qoM7o_ZgU=/76x0/filters:no_upscale():max_bytes(150000):strip_icc()/khickman-5b6c7044c9e77c005075339c.jpg 76w, https://www.thoughtco.com/thmb/BC1d2FHAsXrHM8fR-e3ooVZYLWY=/94x0/filters:no_upscale():max_bytes(150000):strip_icc()/khickman-5b6c7044c9e77c005075339c.jpg 94w, https://www.thoughtco.com/thmb/NwEGB9eMxcH3pC0wSKFplzgAC0s=/112x0/filters:no_upscale():max_bytes(150000):strip_icc()/khickman-5b6c7044c9e77c005075339c.jpg 112w" alt="Ken Hickman" width="200" height="200" class="img--noscript mntl-author-tooltip__image" /> </noscript> </div> </div> <div id="mntl-author-tooltip__name_1-0" class="comp mntl-author-tooltip__name mntl-attribution__item "> <a href="https://www.thoughtco.com/kennedy-hickman-2360124" rel="nocaes" class="mntl-attribution__item-name" tabindex="0" >Kennedy Hickman</a> </div> <div id="mntl-author-tooltip__social-nav_1-0" class="comp mntl-author-tooltip__social-nav reference-social-nav mntl-social-nav" data-tracking-container="true"> <ul class="social-nav__list"> <li class="social-nav__item social-nav__item--facebook"> <a href="http://www.facebook.com/pages/Aboutcom-Military-History/292548007421906" target="_blank" rel="noopener nocaes" class="social-nav__link social-nav__link--facebook" aria-label="Visit Kennedy Hickman's Facebook" > <svg class="icon icon-facebook social-nav__icon" > <use xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="#icon-facebook" href="#icon-facebook"></use> </svg> </a> </li> </ul> </div> <span id="mntl-author-tooltip__job-title_1-0" class="comp mntl-author-tooltip__job-title mntl-text-block">Military and Naval History Expert</span> <ul id="mntl-author-tooltip__education_1-0" class="comp mntl-author-tooltip__education mntl-block"><li id="mntl-author-tooltip__education-item_1-0" class="comp mntl-author-tooltip__education-item mntl-text-block">M.A., History, University of Delaware</li> <li id="mntl-author-tooltip__education-item_2-0" class="comp mntl-author-tooltip__education-item mntl-text-block">M.S., Information and Library Science, Drexel University</li> <li id="mntl-author-tooltip__education-item_3-0" class="comp mntl-author-tooltip__education-item mntl-text-block">B.A., History and Political Science, Pennsylvania State University</li></ul> <div class="mntl-author-tooltip__bio"> Kennedy Hickman is a historian, museum director, and curator who specializes in military and naval history. He has appeared on The History Channel as a featured expert. </div> </div> <div class="mntl-author-tooltip__bottom"> <span class="mntl-author-tooltip__learn-more-text">Learn about our</span> <a href="/about-us-4779650#toc-editorial-guidelines" rel="nocaes" class="mntl-author-tooltip__learn-more-link" >Editorial Process</a> </div> </div></div> </div> <div class="mntl-attribution__item-date">Updated on October 20, 2019</div></div> </div></div> </div><div class="loc article-content"><div id="article-content_1-0" class="comp article-content mntl-block"><div id="mntl-sc-page_1-0" class="comp mntl-sc-page mntl-block structured-content expert-content" data-sc-sticky-offset="85" data-sc-ad-label-height="24" data-sc-ad-track-spacing="100" data-sc-min-track-height="250" data-sc-max-track-height="600" data-sc-breakpoint="50em" data-sc-load-immediate="3" data-sc-content-positions="[1, 1050, 1250, 1550, 1950, 2350, 2750, 3150]" data-bind-scroll-on-start="true"><p id="mntl-sc-block_1-0" class="comp mntl-sc-block mntl-sc-block-html"> In late <a href="https://www.thoughtco.com/1400s-and-1500s-military-history-timeline-2361261" data-component="link" data-source="inlineLink" data-type="internalLink" data-ordinal="1">1476</a>, despite earlier defeats at Grandson and Murten, Duke Charles the Bold of <a href="https://www.thoughtco.com/mary-of-burgundy-3529745" data-component="link" data-source="inlineLink" data-type="internalLink" data-ordinal="2">Burgundy</a> moved to besiege the city of Nancy which had been taken by Duke Rene II of Lorraine earlier in the year. Fighting severe winter weather, the Burgundian army encircled the city and Charles hoped to win a swift victory as he knew Rene to be gathering a relief force. Despite the siege conditions, the garrison at Nancy remained active and sortied against the Burgundians. In one foray, they succeeded in capturing 900 of Charles's men. </p> <div id="mntl-sc-block_2-0" class="comp mntl-sc-block mntl-sc-block-adslot mntl-block"></div> <span class="heading-toc" id="toc-rene-approaches"></span><h2 id="mntl-sc-block_3-0" class="comp mntl-sc-block reference-sc-block-heading mntl-sc-block-heading"> <span class="mntl-sc-block-heading__text"> Rene Approaches </span> </h2> <p id="mntl-sc-block_4-0" class="comp mntl-sc-block mntl-sc-block-html"> Outside the city walls, Charles's situation was made more complicated by the fact that his army was not linguistically unified as it possessed Italian mercenaries, English archers, Dutchmen, Savoyards, as well as his Burgundian troops. Acting with financial support from Louis XI of France, Rene succeeded in assembling 10 to 12,000 men from Lorraine and the Lower Union of the Rhine. To this force, he added 10,000 Swiss mercenaries. Moving deliberately, Rene began his advance on Nancy in early January. Marching through the winter snows, they arrived south of the city on the morning of Jan. 5, 1477. </p> <div id="mntl-sc-block_5-0" class="comp mntl-sc-block mntl-sc-block-adslot mntl-block"></div> <span class="heading-toc" id="toc-the-battle-of-nancy"></span><h2 id="mntl-sc-block_6-0" class="comp mntl-sc-block reference-sc-block-heading mntl-sc-block-heading"> <span class="mntl-sc-block-heading__text"> The Battle of Nancy </span> </h2> <p id="mntl-sc-block_7-0" class="comp mntl-sc-block mntl-sc-block-html"> Moving swiftly, Charles began deploying his smaller army to meet the threat. Making use of the terrain, he positioned his army across a valley with a small stream to its front. While his left was anchored on the River Meurthe, his right rested on an area of thick woods. Arranging his troops, Charles positioned his infantry and thirty field guns in the center with his cavalry on the flanks. Assessing the Burgundian position, Rene and his Swiss commanders decided against a frontal assault believing that it could not succeed. </p> <div id="mntl-sc-block_8-0" class="comp mntl-sc-block mntl-sc-block-adslot mntl-block"></div> <p id="mntl-sc-block_9-0" class="comp mntl-sc-block mntl-sc-block-html"> Instead, the decision was made to have the largely Swiss vanguard (Vorhut) move forward to attack Charles's left, while the center (Gewalthut) swung to the left through the forest to attack the enemy right. After a march that lasted around two hours, the center was in position slightly behind Charles's right. From this location, the Swiss alpenhorns sounded three times and Rene's men charged down through the woods. As they slammed into Charles's right, his cavalry succeeded in driving off their Swiss opposites, but his infantry was soon overwhelmed by superior numbers. </p> <div id="mntl-sc-block_10-0" class="comp mntl-sc-block mntl-sc-block-adslot mntl-block"></div> <p id="mntl-sc-block_11-0" class="comp mntl-sc-block mntl-sc-block-html"> As Charles desperately began shifting forces to realign and reinforce his right, his left was driven back by Rene's vanguard. With his army collapsing, Charles and his staff frantically worked to rally their men but with no success. With the Burgundian army in mass retreat toward Nancy, Charles was swept along until his party was surrounded by a group of Swiss troops. Attempting to fight their way out, Charles was struck in the head by a Swiss halberdier and killed. Falling from his horse, his body was found three days later. With the Burgundians fleeing, Rene advanced to Nancy and lifted the siege. </p> <div id="mntl-sc-block_12-0" class="comp mntl-sc-block mntl-sc-block-adslot mntl-block"></div> <span class="heading-toc" id="toc-aftermath"></span><h2 id="mntl-sc-block_13-0" class="comp mntl-sc-block reference-sc-block-heading mntl-sc-block-heading"> <span class="mntl-sc-block-heading__text"> Aftermath </span> </h2> <p id="mntl-sc-block_14-0" class="comp mntl-sc-block mntl-sc-block-html"> While the casualties for the Battle of Nancy are not known, with Charles's death the Burgundian Wars effectively came to an end. Charles's Flemish lands were transferred to the Hapsburgs when Archduke Maximilian of Austria married Mary of Burgundy. The Duchy of Burgundy reverted to French control under <a href="https://www.thoughtco.com/rulers-of-france-840-until-2015-3861418" data-component="link" data-source="inlineLink" data-type="internalLink" data-ordinal="1">Louis XI</a>. The performance of the Swiss mercenaries during the campaign further bolstered their reputation as superb soldiers and led to their increased use across Europe. </p></div> <div id="sources-and-citation_1-0" class="comp sources-and-citation mntl-block"><div id="citation-widget_1-0" class="comp citation-widget js-citation-widget" data-tracking-container="true"> <div class="citation-widget__container js-container"> <button class="citation-widget__button js-button"> <span class="citation-widget__cite-label">Cite this Article </span> <svg class="icon icon-cite citation-widget__icon-cite" > <use xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="#icon-cite" href="#icon-cite"></use> </svg> </button> <div class="citation-widget__window js-window"> <svg class="icon icon-close citation-widget__icon-close js-icon-close" > <use xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="#icon-close" href="#icon-close"></use> </svg> <div class="citation-widget__heading">Format</div> <a href="#" class="citation-widget__format-link citation-widget__format-link--active js-format-link">mla</a> <a href="#" class="citation-widget__format-link js-format-link">apa</a> <a href="#" class="citation-widget__format-link js-format-link">chicago</a> <div class="citation-widget__heading">Your Citation</div> <div class="citation-widget__content js-content"> <span class="citation-widget__citation citation-widget__citation--active js-active" data-citation-format="mla">Hickman, Kennedy. "Burgundian Wars: Battle of Nancy." ThoughtCo, Jun. 25, 2024, thoughtco.com/burgundian-wars-battle-of-nancy-2360745.</span> <span class="citation-widget__citation" data-citation-format="apa">Hickman, Kennedy. (2024, June 25). Burgundian Wars: Battle of Nancy. Retrieved from https://www.thoughtco.com/burgundian-wars-battle-of-nancy-2360745</span> <span class="citation-widget__citation" data-citation-format="chicago">Hickman, Kennedy. "Burgundian Wars: Battle of Nancy." ThoughtCo. https://www.thoughtco.com/burgundian-wars-battle-of-nancy-2360745 (accessed November 28, 2024).</span> </div> <div class="citation-widget__copy-container"> <button class="citation-widget__copy-button js-copy-button"> <div class="citation-widget__copy-wrapper"> <svg class="icon icon-checkmark citation-widget__icon-checkmark" > <use xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="#icon-checkmark" href="#icon-checkmark"></use> </svg> <span class="citation-widget__copy-label js-copy-label">copy citation</span> </div> </button> </div> </div> </div> </div></div></div> </div><div class="loc article-right-rail"><div id="mm-ads-right-rail_1-0" class="comp mm-ads-right-rail mntl-block"><div id="sc-billboard-group_1-0" class="comp sc-billboard-group mntl-block js-scads-inline-content"><div id="mntl-block_2-0" class="comp mntl-block"><div id="ref-billboard1-sticky-dynamic_1-0" class="comp ref-billboard1-sticky-dynamic mntl-block"><div id="mm-ads-sc-sticky-square-ad_1-0" 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