CINXE.COM
Computer Science
<!DOCTYPE html> <html id="taxonomyScTemplate_1-0" class="comp taxonomyScTemplate html mntl-html no-js taxlevel-2" data-ab="99,99,99,99,99,99,99,99,99,99,99,99,99,99,99,99,99,77" data-mm-ads-resource-version="1.2.196" data-reference-resource-version="4.39.0" data-mm-video-resource-version="1.4.28" data-mantle-resource-version="4.0.845" lang="en" data-tracking-container="true" data-resource-version="4.39.0" data-ddm-standard-tracking="true"><!-- <globe-environment environment="k8s-prod" application="reference" dataCenter="us-west-1"/> --> <head class="loc head"> <link rel="preconnect" href="//js-sec.indexww.com"> <link rel="preconnect" href="//c.amazon-adsystem.com"> <link rel="preconnect" href="//securepubads.g.doubleclick.net"> <link rel="dnsprefetch" href="//www.google-analytics.com"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge"> <meta name="robots" content="max-image-preview:large, NOODP, NOYDIR" /> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0"> <link rel="canonical" href="https://www.thoughtco.com/computer-science-4133486" /> <title>Computer Science</title> <meta name="description" content="Computer science is quickly becoming an essential skill in nearly every industry. Whether you're looking to create animations in JavaScript or design a website with HTML and CSS, these tutorials and how-tos will help you get your 1's and 0's in order." itemprop="description"> <meta name="emailvertical" content="THOUGHTCO" /> <meta name="sailthru.tags" content="sciences-math,computer-science" /> <!-- Pinterest Pins --> <meta itemprop="name" content="Computer Science" /> <meta property="article:section" content="ThoughtCo" /> <!-- Facebook Open Graph Tags --> <meta property="og:type" content="article" /> <meta property="og:site_name" content="ThoughtCo" /> <meta property="og:url" content="https://www.thoughtco.com/computer-science-4133486" /> <meta property="og:title" content="Computer Science" /> <meta property="og:description" content="Computer science is quickly becoming an essential skill in nearly every industry. Whether you're looking to create animations in JavaScript or design a website with HTML and CSS, these tutorials and how-tos will help you get your 1's and 0's in order." /> <meta property="og:image" content="https://www.thoughtco.com/thmb/FSxwDfaNHmfpscXlDxVyZqI574o=/1500x0/filters:no_upscale():max_bytes(150000):strip_icc()/tax2_image_computer_science-58a22d1168a0972917bfb539.png" /> <meta property="article:author" content="https://www.facebook.com/thoughtcodotcom/" /> <!-- Twitter Cards --> <meta name="twitter:card" content="summary_large_image" /> <meta name="twitter:site" content="@thoughtcocom" /> <meta name="twitter:title" content="Computer Science" /> <meta name="twitter:description" content="Computer science is quickly becoming an essential skill in nearly every industry. Whether you're looking to create animations in JavaScript or design a website with HTML and CSS, these tutorials and how-tos will help you get your 1's and 0's in order." /> <meta name="twitter:image" content="https://www.thoughtco.com/thmb/FSxwDfaNHmfpscXlDxVyZqI574o=/1500x0/filters:no_upscale():max_bytes(150000):strip_icc()/tax2_image_computer_science-58a22d1168a0972917bfb539.png" /> <link rel="alternate" type="application/rss+xml" href="https://feeds-api.dotdashmeredith.com/v1/rss/google/e5bf8ae1-a904-434a-842c-3487c2b4e7c2"> <link type="text/css" rel="stylesheet" data-glb-css="top" href="/static/4.39.0/cache/eNqVVet6pCAMfaHy-RD9uy8RIWoqJrOAs9O3Xy521A5V-0eScE444RIbHyCQbibgYLHR3jcpgm_N6wRN0KO6WdA4iDXoaqAJHRkCbogNPp6IPAXEa0CmmzBy8A0Y31iEmLAVcOYl64oco7JH-dYSlWmHHTpkjWoPnMTMFv2W4ICsupNByQKzdYRvwS97pFVU_VMx26nXIv6R6TGOLIE60hElrFpgRle2GRfvQo4BqR_C-wDc4x_yAVOSWrAmtbfSgo3wtPXLUMMx3KnPMhs_0k1Z4nG1aoxO3BTzp4XBKo_g9PDNPVmoqFExsjFPON1srdcOkTNv755wWxdX0W6eWr-1d_c3VRtL9uHgYPIbyeieupM1tXAAHbLYjX3C-pin5Qie1oGe5Yw7kRDPuAwHd6GOe027vRKiKZ5qLiK9jKd7dpVWXoVzuGSRVw75af6KmnbN75xrdCPBgB_UzHRH5xf91Wit_NaKHtOrdaJS2MZ2tXWuiTi9q_X9vkmwqTGs1u8ZqlRwnRiATezp6kqGZXfyUL5Hvdj_ncF9_bFIj5-qRK5y9uAtCHWqIrZxF2cs5ie_c2qsFF-0F8JqHi4S4CEs02ch7bxLf6IuXhtqozAwR_jN_7X0stX_D7oqFqs.min.css"></link> <style type="text/css"> </style> <script type="text/javascript" data-glb-js="top" src="/static/4.39.0/cache/eNp9kmFuwyAMRi-0iDtMmvZr0jTlAgS-UDcER9jplJ5-JOrWdKKRQgS8hzEGI2qVnBlt0gjjeJw4IamYaBee1ZylfI07wQ0v5lE-r9J1EbqiGJx6Cv-V2yhSJ486JUUWOCVOtbhsPXwFOOaBIBUyK0XSOutTc4Q9j4dcs3UDpXAoXZA8Z6OnzFqmKsZYOk2XYYeJy_nvQQrL6JGRHJ7vsbsbJ7nffpVdprmTubsD9nPEVv2v9nVtz9B2ytJ5u2Cf3C5_u3Sorbb-A5rJSbuGQK4575_t2mpIbQ7Qtb5ie0QSrVniGuulRjJKxjPa2y39KbuClZWrGSatVcwGNBfC90HFg47b84vkhub3PfwA5pg4Cw.min.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript"> window.Mntl = window.Mntl || {}; window.Mntl.csrf = window.Mntl.csrf || window.Mntl.csrfInit('370d10db5ee69ae381465071612bce85', false);window.Mntl = window.Mntl || {}; Mntl.RTB = Mntl.RTB || {}; Mntl.RTB.setUseConsentManagement(false); Mntl.RTB.setIpAddress('8.222.208.146') Mntl.RTB.setUseLiveRamp(true); Mntl.RTB.setUseLiveIntentSignedInUser(true); Mntl.RTB.setUseGDPREnforcement(false); Mntl.RTB.setUseCommerceAndShoppingAPSTag(false); Mntl.RTB.setUseAmazonNcaHookTest(false); Mntl.RTB.setTaxonomyStampValues({"tax1":"tho_sciences-math","tax2":"tho_computer-science","tax0":"tho_root"}); Mntl.RTB.setPrebidBidResponseTimeout(800); Mntl.RTB.setPrebidUserIdAuctionDelay(500); Mntl.RTB.setRtbLibraryLoadTimeout(750); Mntl.RTB.setAmazonTamBidResponseTimeout(1000); Mntl.RTB.Plugins.amazon.amazonConfigs = {"mapTaxValues":{"tax1":"tho_sciences-math","tax2":"tho_computer-science","si_section":"tho_computer-science","tax0":"tho_root","tax3":"null"},"amazonSlotName":false,"mapFBValues":{"billboard2":"287662961980198_287667961979698","billboard6":"287662961980198_287667961979698","adunitid":"mapFBID","billboard5":"287662961980198_287667961979698","billboard4":"287662961980198_287667961979698","billboard3":"287662961980198_287667961979698","leaderboard2":"287662961980198_287667635313064","billboard7":"287662961980198_287667961979698","video":"287662961980198_287667961979698","billboard":"287662961980198_287667961979698","leaderboardac":"287662961980198_287667961979698","leaderboard":"287662961980198_287668258646335","default":"287662961980198_287667961979698","leaderboardfooter2":"287662961980198_287667961979698","native":"287662961980198_287667961979698","leaderboardfooter":"287662961980198_287667635313064"},"amazonSection":"Computer Science"}; Mntl.RTB.Plugins.prebid.setPriceGranularity({"buckets":[{"max":"20","increment":"0.05"},{"max":"70","increment":"1"}]}); Mntl.RTB.initVideoBidders([{ type: 'amazon', id: '3222' }, { type: 'prebid', id: 'true' } ]); Mntl.RTB.initDisplayAndOutstreamBidders([{ type: "amazon", id: '3222'},{ type: "msg", id: 'true'},{ type: "prebid", id: 'true'},{ type: "liveConnect", id: 'b-01jb'}]); Mntl.RTB.Plugins.prebid.setConfig({"square-fixed\/tier1":[{"bidder":"ttd","params":{"supplySourceId":"dotdash","publisherId":"1","type":"display"}},{"bidder":"rubicon","params":{"zoneId":2442664,"type":"display","accountId":7499,"siteId":426884}},{"bidder":"appnexus","params":{"placementId":25482890,"type":"display"}},{"bidder":"pubmatic","params":{"adSlot":"4515221","type":"display","publisherId":"158139"}},{"bidder":"triplelift","params":{"inventoryCode":"ThoughtCo_square-fixed_300x250_pbc2s","type":"display"}},{"bidder":"openx","params":{"unit":"561324010","type":"display","delDomain":"meredith-d.openx.net"}},{"bidder":"ix","params":{"siteId":"830375","type":"display"}}],"leaderboard-fixed\/tier1":[{"bidder":"ttd","params":{"supplySourceId":"dotdash","publisherId":"1","type":"display"}},{"bidder":"rubicon","params":{"zoneId":2442654,"type":"display","accountId":7499,"siteId":426884}},{"bidder":"appnexus","params":{"placementId":25482885,"type":"display"}},{"bidder":"pubmatic","params":{"adSlot":"4515375","type":"display","publisherId":"158139"}},{"bidder":"triplelift","params":{"inventoryCode":"ThoughtCo_leaderboard-fixed_728x90_pbc2s","type":"display"}},{"bidder":"openx","params":{"unit":"561324000","type":"display","delDomain":"meredith-d.openx.net"}},{"bidder":"ix","params":{"siteId":"830371","type":"display"}}],"square-fixed-replies\/tier1":[{"bidder":"ttd","params":{"supplySourceId":"dotdash","publisherId":"1","type":"display"}},{"bidder":"rubicon","params":{"zoneId":3601290,"type":"display","accountId":7499,"siteId":426884}},{"bidder":"appnexus","params":{"placementId":34330401,"type":"display"}},{"bidder":"pubmatic","params":{"adSlot":"6389437","type":"display","publisherId":"158139"}},{"bidder":"triplelift","params":{"inventoryCode":"thoughtco_square-fixed-replies_300x250_pbc2s","type":"display"}},{"bidder":"openx","params":{"unit":"561381983","type":"display","delDomain":"meredith-d.openx.net"}},{"bidder":"ix","params":{"siteId":"1146794","type":"display"}}],"preroll":[{"bidder":"ttd","params":{"type":"instream","supplySourceId":"dotdash","publisherId":"1"}},{"bidder":"rubicon","params":{"type":"instream","zoneId":2442674,"accountId":7499,"siteId":426884}},{"bidder":"appnexus","params":{"type":"instream","placementId":25482895}},{"bidder":"pubmatic","params":{"type":"instream","adSlot":"4515226","publisherId":"158139"}},{"bidder":"triplelift","params":{"type":"instream","inventoryCode":"ThoughtCo_preroll_pbc2s"}},{"bidder":"openx","params":{"type":"instream","unit":"561365587","delDomain":"meredith-d.openx.net"}},{"bidder":"ix","params":{"type":"instream","siteId":"830386"}}],"square-flex\/tier1":[{"bidder":"ttd","params":{"supplySourceId":"dotdash","publisherId":"1","type":"display"}},{"bidder":"rubicon","params":{"zoneId":2442672,"type":"display","accountId":7499,"siteId":426884}},{"bidder":"appnexus","params":{"placementId":25482894,"type":"display"}},{"bidder":"pubmatic","params":{"adSlot":"4515225","type":"display","publisherId":"158139"}},{"bidder":"triplelift","params":{"inventoryCode":"ThoughtCo_square-flex_300x600_pbc2s","type":"display"}},{"bidder":"openx","params":{"unit":"561324012","type":"display","delDomain":"meredith-d.openx.net"}},{"bidder":"ix","params":{"siteId":"830381","type":"display"}}],"square-fixed-comments\/tier1":[{"bidder":"ttd","params":{"supplySourceId":"dotdash","publisherId":"1","type":"display"}},{"bidder":"rubicon","params":{"zoneId":3546588,"type":"display","accountId":7499,"siteId":426884}},{"bidder":"appnexus","params":{"placementId":34080851,"type":"display"}},{"bidder":"pubmatic","params":{"adSlot":"6234514","type":"display","publisherId":"158139"}},{"bidder":"triplelift","params":{"inventoryCode":"thoughtco_square-fixed-comments_300x250_pbc2s","type":"display"}},{"bidder":"openx","params":{"unit":"561324013","type":"display","delDomain":"meredith-d.openx.net"}},{"bidder":"ix","params":{"siteId":"1137158","type":"display"}}],"global":[{"bidder":"ttd","params":{"supplySourceId":"dotdash","publisherId":"1","type":"display"}},{"bidder":"rubicon","params":{"accountId":7499,"siteId":426884,"type":"display"}},{"bidder":"pubmatic","params":{"publisherId":"158139","type":"display"}},{"bidder":"openx","params":{"delDomain":"meredith-d.openx.net","type":"display"}}],"leaderboardac\/tier1":[{"bidder":"ttd","params":{"supplySourceId":"dotdash","publisherId":"1","type":"display"}},{"bidder":"rubicon","params":{"zoneId":2442662,"type":"display","accountId":7499,"siteId":426884}},{"bidder":"appnexus","params":{"placementId":25482889,"type":"display"}},{"bidder":"pubmatic","params":{"adSlot":"6405120","type":"display","publisherId":"158139"}},{"bidder":"triplelift","params":{"inventoryCode":"ThoughtCo_leaderboardac_728x90_pbc2s","type":"display"}},{"bidder":"openx","params":{"unit":"561324006","type":"display","delDomain":"meredith-d.openx.net"}},{"bidder":"ix","params":{"siteId":"830377","type":"display"}}],"leaderboardfooter-flex\/tier1":[{"bidder":"ttd","params":{"supplySourceId":"dotdash","publisherId":"1","type":"display"}},{"bidder":"rubicon","params":{"zoneId":2442654,"type":"display","accountId":7499,"siteId":426884}},{"bidder":"appnexus","params":{"placementId":25482885,"type":"display"}},{"bidder":"pubmatic","params":{"adSlot":"4632121","type":"display","publisherId":"158139"}},{"bidder":"triplelift","params":{"inventoryCode":"ThoughtCo_leaderboardfooter-flex_970x250_pbc2s","type":"display"}},{"bidder":"openx","params":{"unit":"561324008","type":"display","delDomain":"meredith-d.openx.net"}},{"bidder":"ix","params":{"siteId":"830371","type":"display"}}],"leaderboard-flex\/tier1":[{"bidder":"ttd","params":{"supplySourceId":"dotdash","publisherId":"1","type":"display"}},{"bidder":"rubicon","params":{"zoneId":2442662,"type":"display","accountId":7499,"siteId":426884}},{"bidder":"appnexus","params":{"placementId":25482889,"type":"display"}},{"bidder":"pubmatic","params":{"adSlot":"4515220","type":"display","publisherId":"158139"}},{"bidder":"triplelift","params":{"inventoryCode":"ThoughtCo_leaderboard-flex_970x250_pbc2s","type":"display"}},{"bidder":"openx","params":{"unit":"561324003","type":"display","delDomain":"meredith-d.openx.net"}},{"bidder":"ix","params":{"siteId":"830377","type":"display"}}]}); Mntl.RTB.Plugins.prebid.setSrc('/cache/eNqllsGS0zAMhl-ITod9gwLdnc7QYdkW7o6tZLV1JI8stw1Pj1oYhgOHKJwSZ_TZvy35V9ZVg2Jcj5xahrruGqXb862ui0CHyV4SVv09WkUWeLeeC4mm_T1mPhJy5ssmKp5REaoD1LqhkCcLrpsUioLMhyNTBdJ9oDDAaG_H2DtoQQXepcNUFcb5XIKuDQPS4ED6skkHkDPId0zA80kM9UXTs_DZOMfRWDQp6vQZ6eTfYsYz7EhtCj9bQijoDH9keSrqgVAWKLuPfqXhAyZ3uRXBCI-ZWRwFXl-DQPKL1dh_ZFLhPJ9pmB78KzXCHpdIbBUsC467XgrBtdUlZ4_XRRlr3XiLXMJK69AMZgmqmhZhgiVDxl6X0FyAFh1SfG10craIKGCBZ1gJkPkSyMo-lxwmh97uDaI-tSCeElreK8byH41lPjoU_aaYq6s5OImKP8CJmDW832LyEQ8-4u-u4TjrJlZEcXJu6ALhdFBX0bJoZ55q7u8zka5ur7arilYVjtuMI3DTrw2aQ2PiMSB9MY1iLfzIL8z66f5t_hwnmC4snszdLcBv5M6UxaAwsExHCVSzMUx7m8r1J6U3tmcZn4OE0avg1rEOE0WvcCYyrzK9O-odP29N8r9X-hO5vUJst4l_Ag_Th1c.js'); Mntl.RTB.Plugins.prebid.setUserIdConfig({"liveIntentPublisherId":"79925"}); Mntl.RTB.AdConfigs = Mntl.RTB.AdConfigs || {}; Mntl.RTB.AdConfigs.rawConfig = {"slots":{"square-fixed-replies\/tier1":{"prebid":[{"bidder":"rubicon","params":{"zoneId":3601290,"type":"display","accountId":7499,"siteId":426884}},{"bidder":"appnexus","params":{"placementId":34330401,"type":"display"}},{"bidder":"pubmatic","params":{"adSlot":"6389437","type":"display","publisherId":"158139"}},{"bidder":"triplelift","params":{"inventoryCode":"thoughtco_square-fixed-replies_300x250_pbc2s","type":"display"}},{"bidder":"openx","params":{"unit":"561381983","type":"display","delDomain":"meredith-d.openx.net"}},{"bidder":"ix","params":{"siteId":"1146794","type":"display"}}]},"leaderboard-fixed\/tier1":{"prebid":[{"bidder":"rubicon","params":{"zoneId":2442654,"type":"display","accountId":7499,"siteId":426884}},{"bidder":"appnexus","params":{"placementId":25482885,"type":"display"}},{"bidder":"pubmatic","params":{"adSlot":"4515375","type":"display","publisherId":"158139"}},{"bidder":"triplelift","params":{"inventoryCode":"ThoughtCo_leaderboard-fixed_728x90_pbc2s","type":"display"}},{"bidder":"openx","params":{"unit":"561324000","type":"display","delDomain":"meredith-d.openx.net"}},{"bidder":"ix","params":{"siteId":"830371","type":"display"}}]},"square-fixed\/tier1":{"prebid":[{"bidder":"rubicon","params":{"zoneId":2442664,"type":"display","accountId":7499,"siteId":426884}},{"bidder":"appnexus","params":{"placementId":25482890,"type":"display"}},{"bidder":"pubmatic","params":{"adSlot":"4515221","type":"display","publisherId":"158139"}},{"bidder":"triplelift","params":{"inventoryCode":"ThoughtCo_square-fixed_300x250_pbc2s","type":"display"}},{"bidder":"openx","params":{"unit":"561324010","type":"display","delDomain":"meredith-d.openx.net"}},{"bidder":"ix","params":{"siteId":"830375","type":"display"}}]},"leaderboard-flex\/tier1":{"prebid":[{"bidder":"rubicon","params":{"zoneId":2442662,"type":"display","accountId":7499,"siteId":426884}},{"bidder":"appnexus","params":{"placementId":25482889,"type":"display"}},{"bidder":"pubmatic","params":{"adSlot":"4515220","type":"display","publisherId":"158139"}},{"bidder":"triplelift","params":{"inventoryCode":"ThoughtCo_leaderboard-flex_970x250_pbc2s","type":"display"}},{"bidder":"openx","params":{"unit":"561324003","type":"display","delDomain":"meredith-d.openx.net"}},{"bidder":"ix","params":{"siteId":"830377","type":"display"}}]},"preroll":{"prebid":[{"bidder":"ttd","params":{"type":"instream","supplySourceId":"dotdash","publisherId":"1"}},{"bidder":"rubicon","params":{"type":"instream","zoneId":2442674,"accountId":7499,"siteId":426884}},{"bidder":"appnexus","params":{"type":"instream","placementId":25482895}},{"bidder":"pubmatic","params":{"type":"instream","adSlot":"4515226","publisherId":"158139"}},{"bidder":"triplelift","params":{"type":"instream","inventoryCode":"ThoughtCo_preroll_pbc2s"}},{"bidder":"openx","params":{"type":"instream","unit":"561365587","delDomain":"meredith-d.openx.net"}},{"bidder":"ix","params":{"type":"instream","siteId":"830386"}}]},"square-flex\/tier1":{"prebid":[{"bidder":"rubicon","params":{"zoneId":2442672,"type":"display","accountId":7499,"siteId":426884}},{"bidder":"appnexus","params":{"placementId":25482894,"type":"display"}},{"bidder":"pubmatic","params":{"adSlot":"4515225","type":"display","publisherId":"158139"}},{"bidder":"triplelift","params":{"inventoryCode":"ThoughtCo_square-flex_300x600_pbc2s","type":"display"}},{"bidder":"openx","params":{"unit":"561324012","type":"display","delDomain":"meredith-d.openx.net"}},{"bidder":"ix","params":{"siteId":"830381","type":"display"}}]},"leaderboardfooter-flex\/tier1":{"prebid":[{"bidder":"rubicon","params":{"zoneId":2442654,"type":"display","accountId":7499,"siteId":426884}},{"bidder":"appnexus","params":{"placementId":25482885,"type":"display"}},{"bidder":"pubmatic","params":{"adSlot":"4632121","type":"display","publisherId":"158139"}},{"bidder":"triplelift","params":{"inventoryCode":"ThoughtCo_leaderboardfooter-flex_970x250_pbc2s","type":"display"}},{"bidder":"openx","params":{"unit":"561324008","type":"display","delDomain":"meredith-d.openx.net"}},{"bidder":"ix","params":{"siteId":"830371","type":"display"}}]},"square-fixed-comments\/tier1":{"prebid":[{"bidder":"rubicon","params":{"zoneId":3546588,"type":"display","accountId":7499,"siteId":426884}},{"bidder":"appnexus","params":{"placementId":34080851,"type":"display"}},{"bidder":"pubmatic","params":{"adSlot":"6234514","type":"display","publisherId":"158139"}},{"bidder":"triplelift","params":{"inventoryCode":"thoughtco_square-fixed-comments_300x250_pbc2s","type":"display"}},{"bidder":"openx","params":{"unit":"561324013","type":"display","delDomain":"meredith-d.openx.net"}},{"bidder":"ix","params":{"siteId":"1137158","type":"display"}}]},"leaderboardac\/tier1":{"prebid":[{"bidder":"rubicon","params":{"zoneId":2442662,"type":"display","accountId":7499,"siteId":426884}},{"bidder":"appnexus","params":{"placementId":25482889,"type":"display"}},{"bidder":"pubmatic","params":{"adSlot":"6405120","type":"display","publisherId":"158139"}},{"bidder":"triplelift","params":{"inventoryCode":"ThoughtCo_leaderboardac_728x90_pbc2s","type":"display"}},{"bidder":"openx","params":{"unit":"561324006","type":"display","delDomain":"meredith-d.openx.net"}},{"bidder":"ix","params":{"siteId":"830377","type":"display"}}]}},"default":{"prebid":[{"bidder":"ttd","params":{"supplySourceId":"dotdash","publisherId":"1","type":"display"}},{"bidder":"rubicon","params":{"accountId":7499,"siteId":426884,"type":"display"}},{"bidder":"pubmatic","params":{"publisherId":"158139","type":"display"}},{"bidder":"openx","params":{"delDomain":"meredith-d.openx.net","type":"display"}}],"prebidModules":["prebid-core.js","rtdModule.js","allowActivities.js","atsAnalyticsAdapter.js","consentManagementTcf.js","criteoIdSystem.js","debugging.js","dfpAdServerVideo.js","iasRtdProvider.js","identityLinkIdSystem.js","liveIntentIdSystem.js","paapi.js","paapiForGpt.js","pairIdSystem.js","prebidServerBidAdapter.js","priceFloors.js","sharedIdSystem.js","tcfControl.js","uid2IdSystem.js","unifiedIdSystem.js","userId.js","appnexusBidAdapter.js","ixBidAdapter.js","pubmaticBidAdapter.js","rubiconBidAdapter.js","ttdBidAdapter.js","tripleliftBidAdapter.js","openxBidAdapter.js"]},"ab":[]}; console.log('✅ Libra is loaded!'); (function(){ const mantleDependencies = { } ; const pageTargeting = { customSeries: '' ,abtest: 'lcid1' ,tax0: 'tho' ,rid: 'n3d9498d1beab422ebe9ec6bcfe4bd9ea14' ,custom: '' ,sid: 'n3d9498d1beab422ebe9ec6bcfe4bd9ea14' } ; const baseSlotTargeting = { gtemplate: 'category' ,leaid: '156569' ,revenueGroup: '' ,docId: '4133486' ,viewtype: 'taxonomy' ,type: 'category' ,tax1: 'tho_sciences-math' ,tax2: 'tho_computer-science' ,t: '102' ,au: '156569' ,tier: 'L' ,jny: '0' ,leuid: '151378030080892' ,sbj: 'pidtho_computer-science' ,id: '4133486' ,aid: '' ,jnyroot: '' } ; const adLazyOffset = {'mob-square-fixed-intro-1': 750}; pageTargeting.w = Mntl.utilities.getW(); const initialSlots = []; initialSlots.push({ config: { id: 'square-flex-1', sizes: [[300, 250],[300, 600]], type: 'square', rtb: true, timedRefresh: 0, waitForThirdParty: false }, targeting: Mntl.fnUtilities.deepExtend({}, { pos: 'atf', priority: 2 }) }); const testIds = Mntl.GPT.getTestIds(); pageTargeting.ab = testIds; pageTargeting.bts = testIds; Mntl.utilities.onLoad(function() { Mntl.utilities.loadExternalJS({ src: '//securepubads.g.doubleclick.net/tag/js/gpt.js', async: false }); }); const options = { domain: 'www.thoughtco.com', templateName: 'taxonomy', isMobile: false, isTablet: false, isDesktop: true, dfpId: '3865', publisherProvidedId: 'e27c0af6-3f91-45a8-a126-42f024ac09ac', singleRequest: false, useLmdFormat: true, useOxygen: true, prebidConfigApi: false, useInfiniteRightRail: true, loadAdsAboveViewport: false, waitForNextFramePaint: false, revenueGroupAllowList: '', lmdSiteCode: 'hlt', pageTargeting, baseSlotTargeting, adLazyOffset, geo: { isInEurope: false, isInUsa: false }, initialSlots, auctionFloors: {"billboard2":{"id":"1552493e0f0844c9aa10ef73ad78a9e4","floor":"5"},"other":{"id":"ade0de584a2a422f99e934cd54b87d52","floor":"50"},"billboard6":{"id":"d9f82edf28e44244a1bb7117f42ac476","floor":"5"},"billboard5":{"id":"b340b93231954f2689e7025e2c0b4d18","floor":"5"},"billboard4":{"id":"7ad9ab485fa5443fa94ccc9bdca0a54c","floor":"5"},"billboard3":{"id":"f3f09dd3fe0147ca8227ab5458eebddb","floor":"5"},"billboard9":{"id":"488a3fee6fac46538f5e3ae6e51fe20e","floor":"5"},"billboard8":{"id":"f026d0eec2024513afe5b28e3319ac0f","floor":"5"},"billboardfooter2":{"id":"311073fb68e74727993cb054fe4430ac","floor":"50"},"broadmatch":{"id":"1bf596551eb9405a8d491ce078883cd4","floor":"5"},"billboard7":{"id":"8c88c6ba9f90426e800eff9dd8d0da96","floor":"5"},"leaderboardac":{"id":"1d2472433a85494c9501b140d9a1ad07","floor":"5"},"leaderboard-fixed":{"id":"449b24392f4b4c3a8285e203a64b2e6b","floor":"50"},"billboardfooter":{"id":"bd907afd733c48f185f70915ac74154a","floor":"20"},"leaderboardfooter2":{"id":"b4e76d3c1cf74c1ca3f12ec305e5d477","floor":"20"},"leaderboard-flex-1":{"id":"6330c0d82bd34adda20418fdc163d9a1","floor":"5"},"leaderboard-flex-2":{"id":"69272dabe35b4230a13938af298f75ff","floor":"5"},"square-flex-2":{"id":"c13704bf38e94252aa37db34edaddc9d","floor":"5"},"square-flex-1":{"id":"6fc33fe17f4747dfb36dfebf395636da","floor":"5"},"adhesive":{"id":"64de72640b214667bb8b9619b8b6a19d","floor":"25"},"square-fixed-4":{"id":"d52b7b6757414cb6a7d9885ff4c77b5d","floor":"5"},"square-fixed-3":{"id":"b57dc2458de54ebfac6f1f50477c6b45","floor":"5"},"square-fixed-2":{"id":"37febc1e4b1d446eab0c4fc4c075b0fd","floor":"5"},"leaderboard-fixed-1":{"id":"18efe8595dde4c02997da03ea354f7c0","floor":"5"},"square-fixed-1":{"id":"f35a56c653844a519beacc6324430144","floor":"5"},"square-fixed-8":{"id":"4854e3a5e1df46d6bfd2d35901766c07","floor":"5"},"mob-square-fixed-8":{"id":"f5dd53128a5f45f79b6c0e10ef184775","floor":"20"},"mob-square-flex-1":{"id":"21369d2b78ed46adb737cd0a1807ac5c","floor":"5"},"square-fixed-7":{"id":"e6ab8ef52f3d4e8b8ac868affa8e50d3","floor":"5"},"mob-square-fixed-9":{"id":"bb244a8f3dcd4ce9a6dc10f703ec49b3","floor":"50"},"square-fixed-6":{"id":"2aac544603f648878aa881568d11cc09","floor":"5"},"leaderboardfooter-flex-2":{"id":"7c365e41079a42aaa31927e67c8da8e0","floor":"5"},"leaderboard-fixed-5":{"id":"06053e86f93941bda0b0f63ff74c4a36","floor":"20"},"square-fixed-5":{"id":"51cfda109b8746e9beef6c4e88481ac7","floor":"5"},"leaderboardfooter-flex-1":{"id":"0b11b76e67e74a2ebd92efb163f4194b","floor":"5"},"leaderboard-fixed-6":{"id":"814d9f6ea0a04d429c95152f1c83c42a","floor":"20"},"billboard":{"id":"c27504ff7166457ea12d0f4358d106ed","floor":"5"},"mob-square-fixed-1":{"id":"fd801e654fa44f5bbd341c9d9053cfdf","floor":"5"},"mob-square-fixed-2":{"id":"3e78f020556a47ba8c8fb5871b44e7f3","floor":"5"},"leaderboard":{"id":"08c6a6a889904e2781ba965da042d811","floor":"80"},"inline":{"id":"3d5b9b5843474c8c828a468e59265d37","floor":"5"},"square-fixed":{"id":"bab3683523e2411e99eb6ab43b2474af","floor":"5"},"leaderboardfooter":{"id":"0f753592739c47d1b45d66d7c441209b","floor":"20"},"dynamic-inline":{"id":"1fcee3f5892e4e1f8fd090836c51ed8e","floor":"50"},"square-fixed-9":{"id":"c85a0c059c444f8da27205fb620c12e5","floor":"5"},"mob-adhesive-banner-fixed":{"id":"1ae057445ee0474780904de1986d2af8","floor":"5"},"billboard11":{"id":"ae958d6ef4c24b51844f346b2417e7d7","floor":"5"},"primary":{"id":"ee7cd89f77d449f09425cff055e3b796","floor":"5"}}, utils: { generateSlotId: Ref.GPT.generateSlotId, buildGptUrl: Ref.GPT.buildGptUrl }, displayOnScroll: false, displayOnConsent: true, adsToCollapse: ['leaderboard*','square*'] }; if (Mntl.AdMetrics) { Mntl.AdMetrics.init("4133486", "n3d9498d1beab422ebe9ec6bcfe4bd9ea14", initialSlots.map(slot => slot.config.id), Date.now()); } else { Mntl.AdMetrics = { pushMetrics: () => {} }; } Mntl.GPT.setMantleDependencies(mantleDependencies); Mntl.GPT.init(options); }());window.MMads = window.MMads || {}; MMads.auctionFloors = MMads.auctionFloors || {}; MMads.auctionFloors.floorConfig = {"billboard2":{"id":"1552493e0f0844c9aa10ef73ad78a9e4","floor":"5"},"other":{"id":"ade0de584a2a422f99e934cd54b87d52","floor":"50"},"billboard6":{"id":"d9f82edf28e44244a1bb7117f42ac476","floor":"5"},"billboard5":{"id":"b340b93231954f2689e7025e2c0b4d18","floor":"5"},"billboard4":{"id":"7ad9ab485fa5443fa94ccc9bdca0a54c","floor":"5"},"billboard3":{"id":"f3f09dd3fe0147ca8227ab5458eebddb","floor":"5"},"billboard9":{"id":"488a3fee6fac46538f5e3ae6e51fe20e","floor":"5"},"billboard8":{"id":"f026d0eec2024513afe5b28e3319ac0f","floor":"5"},"billboardfooter2":{"id":"311073fb68e74727993cb054fe4430ac","floor":"50"},"broadmatch":{"id":"1bf596551eb9405a8d491ce078883cd4","floor":"5"},"billboard7":{"id":"8c88c6ba9f90426e800eff9dd8d0da96","floor":"5"},"leaderboardac":{"id":"1d2472433a85494c9501b140d9a1ad07","floor":"5"},"leaderboard-fixed":{"id":"449b24392f4b4c3a8285e203a64b2e6b","floor":"50"},"billboardfooter":{"id":"bd907afd733c48f185f70915ac74154a","floor":"20"},"leaderboardfooter2":{"id":"b4e76d3c1cf74c1ca3f12ec305e5d477","floor":"20"},"leaderboard-flex-1":{"id":"6330c0d82bd34adda20418fdc163d9a1","floor":"5"},"leaderboard-flex-2":{"id":"69272dabe35b4230a13938af298f75ff","floor":"5"},"square-flex-2":{"id":"c13704bf38e94252aa37db34edaddc9d","floor":"5"},"square-flex-1":{"id":"6fc33fe17f4747dfb36dfebf395636da","floor":"5"},"adhesive":{"id":"64de72640b214667bb8b9619b8b6a19d","floor":"25"},"square-fixed-4":{"id":"d52b7b6757414cb6a7d9885ff4c77b5d","floor":"5"},"square-fixed-3":{"id":"b57dc2458de54ebfac6f1f50477c6b45","floor":"5"},"square-fixed-2":{"id":"37febc1e4b1d446eab0c4fc4c075b0fd","floor":"5"},"leaderboard-fixed-1":{"id":"18efe8595dde4c02997da03ea354f7c0","floor":"5"},"square-fixed-1":{"id":"f35a56c653844a519beacc6324430144","floor":"5"},"square-fixed-8":{"id":"4854e3a5e1df46d6bfd2d35901766c07","floor":"5"},"mob-square-fixed-8":{"id":"f5dd53128a5f45f79b6c0e10ef184775","floor":"20"},"mob-square-flex-1":{"id":"21369d2b78ed46adb737cd0a1807ac5c","floor":"5"},"square-fixed-7":{"id":"e6ab8ef52f3d4e8b8ac868affa8e50d3","floor":"5"},"mob-square-fixed-9":{"id":"bb244a8f3dcd4ce9a6dc10f703ec49b3","floor":"50"},"square-fixed-6":{"id":"2aac544603f648878aa881568d11cc09","floor":"5"},"leaderboardfooter-flex-2":{"id":"7c365e41079a42aaa31927e67c8da8e0","floor":"5"},"leaderboard-fixed-5":{"id":"06053e86f93941bda0b0f63ff74c4a36","floor":"20"},"square-fixed-5":{"id":"51cfda109b8746e9beef6c4e88481ac7","floor":"5"},"leaderboardfooter-flex-1":{"id":"0b11b76e67e74a2ebd92efb163f4194b","floor":"5"},"leaderboard-fixed-6":{"id":"814d9f6ea0a04d429c95152f1c83c42a","floor":"20"},"billboard":{"id":"c27504ff7166457ea12d0f4358d106ed","floor":"5"},"mob-square-fixed-1":{"id":"fd801e654fa44f5bbd341c9d9053cfdf","floor":"5"},"mob-square-fixed-2":{"id":"3e78f020556a47ba8c8fb5871b44e7f3","floor":"5"},"leaderboard":{"id":"08c6a6a889904e2781ba965da042d811","floor":"80"},"inline":{"id":"3d5b9b5843474c8c828a468e59265d37","floor":"5"},"square-fixed":{"id":"bab3683523e2411e99eb6ab43b2474af","floor":"5"},"leaderboardfooter":{"id":"0f753592739c47d1b45d66d7c441209b","floor":"20"},"dynamic-inline":{"id":"1fcee3f5892e4e1f8fd090836c51ed8e","floor":"50"},"square-fixed-9":{"id":"c85a0c059c444f8da27205fb620c12e5","floor":"5"},"mob-adhesive-banner-fixed":{"id":"1ae057445ee0474780904de1986d2af8","floor":"5"},"billboard11":{"id":"ae958d6ef4c24b51844f346b2417e7d7","floor":"5"},"primary":{"id":"ee7cd89f77d449f09425cff055e3b796","floor":"5"}}; window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; // moved from gtm.ftl so we can initialize GTM only onLoad. From https://support.google.com/tagmanager/answer/6103696?hl=en Mntl.utilities.onLoad(function() { (function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start':new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;defer=true;j.src='//www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;j.type="text/javascript";f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f)})(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-5P3SZGS'); }); window.dataLayer.push({ event: 'ab-proctor', 'abTests-proctor': { "99-0" : "useOxygen | useOxygen | use the Oxygenated ad unit format and slot names | 1" , "99-1" : "vanillaJSLazyAdRecipeSC | active | vanillaLazyAd.js enabled | 1" , "99-2" : "useFloorSearch | active | Use Floor Search | 1" , "99-3" : "continuousScrollMobSquareFlexOffset | active | Adds offset to mob-square-fixed-1 ad on CS articles | 1" , "99-4" : "recipescDesktopAdRefresh | active | active, right rail ads timed refresh active | 1" , "99-5" : "gamVideoUsePlcmt | active | Pass plcmt | 1" , "99-6" : "liveIntentConnectedIdTest | control | LiveIntent ConnectedID is enabled | 0" , "99-7" : "prebidConfigApi | active | Ad Config API is enabled | 1" , "99-8" : "prebidTotalTimeoutBudget | default | default | 1" , "99-9" : "useDynamicVideoSizes | active | active | 1" , "99-10" : "orion | active | Active | 1" , "99-11" : "rtbLibraryLoadTimeout | default | default | 1" , "99-12" : "prebidVideoUsePlcmt | active | Pass plcmt | 1" , "99-13" : "useLiveIntentSignedInUser | active | active | 1" , "99-14" : "removeAdTiers | active | active | 1" , "99-15" : "useLiveRamp | active | active | 1" , "99-16" : "amazonTamBidResponseTimeout | default | default | 1" , "77" : "fetchPriority | control | control | 0" } }); window.dataLayer.push({ envData: { environment: { environment: "k8s-prod", application: "reference", dataCenter: "us-west-1" }, server: { version: "4.39.0", title: "reference-launcher" }, client : { browserUA: navigator.userAgent, serverUA: "Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 7.0; Windows NT 6.0; SLCC1; .NET CLR 2.0.50727; .NET CLR 3.0.04506; .NET CLR 3.5.21022; .NET CLR 1.0.3705; .NET CLR 1.1.4322)", deviceType: "pc", usStateCode: "" }, mantle: "4.0.845", commerce: "" } }); (function(fnUtils, CMP) { const deferLoadTime = 5000; const readyForThirdPartyTrackingEvent = new CustomEvent('readyForThirdPartyTracking', { bubbles: true }); const readyForThirdPartyTracking = fnUtils.once(function() { window.dataLayer.push({event: 'readyForThirdPartyTracking'}); window.dispatchEvent(readyForThirdPartyTrackingEvent); }); const readyForDeferredScriptsEvent = new CustomEvent('readyForDeferredScripts', { bubbles: true }); const readyForDeferredScripts = fnUtils.once(function() { window.dataLayer.push({event: 'readyForDeferredScripts'}); window.dispatchEvent(readyForDeferredScriptsEvent); }); const hasTargetingConsentHandler = function() { const hasConsent = CMP.hasTargetingConsent(); if (hasConsent) { readyForThirdPartyTracking(); } // Trigger the readyForDeferredScripts if consent is given // or if the user has closed the banner(AlertBox) which exists for EU // or if the user optin consent is not required, which applies for non gdpr locations if (hasConsent || CMP.isAlertBoxClosed() || !CMP.isOptInConsent()) { readyForDeferredScripts(); } return hasConsent; }; const purposeOneConsentHandler = async function() { const hasPurposeOneConsent = await CMP.hasPurposeOneConsent(); if (hasPurposeOneConsent) { readyForThirdPartyTracking(); } if (hasPurposeOneConsent || CMP.isAlertBoxClosed()) { readyForDeferredScripts(); } return hasPurposeOneConsent; }; const onRequiredDomEvent = fnUtils.once(function() { if (!CMP) { readyForThirdPartyTracking(); readyForDeferredScripts(); return; } const handler = CMP.supportsTCData() ? purposeOneConsentHandler : hasTargetingConsentHandler; if (!CMP.isLoading()) { handler(); } CMP.onConsentChange(handler); }); [ ['adRendered', onRequiredDomEvent], ['beforeunload', onRequiredDomEvent], ['load', function() { setTimeout(onRequiredDomEvent, deferLoadTime); }] ].forEach(function(event) { window.addEventListener(event[0], event[1], { once: true }); }); })(Mntl.fnUtilities || {}, Mntl.CMP);window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; (function() { var isContinuousScroll = document.querySelector('.mntl-continuous-scroll'); var pageViewDataAsJSON = {"country":"SG","description":"Computer science is quickly becoming an essential skill in nearly every industry. Whether you're looking to create animations in JavaScript or design a website with HTML and CSS, these tutorials and how-tos will help you get your 1's and 0's in order.","title":"Computer Science" || document.title || '',"documentId":4133486,"templateId":"102","muid":"e27c0af6-3f91-45a8-a126-42f024ac09ac","lastEditingAuthorId":"156569","lastEditingUserId":"151378030080892","revenueGroup":"","authorNames":"Staff Author","contentGroup":"Other","fullUrl":"https://www.thoughtco.com/computer-science-4133486" + location.hash,"experienceType":"single page","entryType":"direct","excludeFromComscore":false,"internalSessionId":"n3d9498d1beab422ebe9ec6bcfe4bd9ea14","internalRequestId":"n3d9498d1beab422ebe9ec6bcfe4bd9ea14","hid":"","experienceTypeName":"","recircDocIdsFooter":"","euTrafficFlag":false,"isGoogleBot":false,"mantleVersion":"4.0.845","commerceVersion":"","primaryTaxonomyNames":"ThoughtCo|Science, Tech, Math|Computer Science","templateName":"TAXONOMY","viewType":"TAXONOMY","authorId":"156569","primaryTaxonomyIds":"4122478|4132465|4133486"}; var scrolledPageData = {}; var scrolledDocOrdinal; var scrolledPage; pageViewDataAsJSON.breakpointName = Ref.utilities.getW(); pageViewDataAsJSON.bounceExchangeId = 2473; if (isContinuousScroll) { pageViewDataAsJSON.experienceTypeName = 'continuous'; if (window.dataLayer && window.dataLayer.length) { //loop through events and collect previous scrolledDocOrdinal and scrolledPage values scrolledPageData = window.dataLayer.reduce( (acc, curr) => { if (curr.event == 'unifiedPageview') { acc.scrolledDocOrdinal = acc.scrolledDocOrdinal ? acc.scrolledDocOrdinal + 1 : 1; acc.scrolledPage = acc.scrolledPage ? acc.scrolledPage + " | " + (curr.documentId).toString() : (curr.documentId).toString(); } return acc; }, {}); } scrolledPage = scrolledPageData.scrolledPage ? scrolledPageData.scrolledPage + ' | ' + (pageViewDataAsJSON.documentId).toString() : (pageViewDataAsJSON.documentId).toString(); scrolledDocOrdinal = scrolledPageData.scrolledDocOrdinal ? scrolledPageData.scrolledDocOrdinal + 1 : 1; pageViewDataAsJSON.scrolledPage = scrolledPage; pageViewDataAsJSON.scrolledDocOrdinal = scrolledDocOrdinal; } Mntl.utilities.onLoad(function() { var isRecirc = false && document.querySelector('.mntl-recirc-section, .related-article-list, .masonry-list-section'); if (false && !isRecirc) { pageViewDataAsJSON.recircDocIdsFooter = ""; } Mntl.PageView.init(pageViewDataAsJSON); }); })();</script> <link rel="shortcut icon" href="/favicon.ico"> <link rel="icon" type="image/x-icon" href="/favicon.ico"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon-precomposed" sizes="57x57" href="/apple-touch-icon-57x57.png"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon-precomposed" sizes="60x60" href="/apple-touch-icon-60x60.png"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon-precomposed" sizes="76x76" href="/apple-touch-icon-76x76.png"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon-precomposed" sizes="120x120" href="/apple-touch-icon-120x120.png"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon-precomposed" sizes="152x152" href="/apple-touch-icon-152x152.png"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon-precomposed" sizes="180x180" href="/apple-touch-icon-180x180.png"> <meta name="msapplication-TileColor" content="#F4F4F4"/> <meta name="msapplication-TileImage" content="/static/4.39.0/icons/favicons/mstile-144x144.png"> <meta name="msapplication-square70x70logo" content="/static/4.39.0/icons/favicons/mstile-70x70.png"> <meta name="msapplication-square150x150logo" content="/static/4.39.0/icons/favicons/mstile-150x150.png"> <meta name="msapplication-square310x310logo" content="/static/4.39.0/icons/favicons/mstile-310x310.png"> <meta name="msapplication-wide310x150logo" content="/static/4.39.0/icons/favicons/mstile-310x150.png"> <div id="ie-notification-banner_1-0" class="comp ie-notification-banner mntl-block"><div id="ie-notification-banner__content_1-0" class="comp ie-notification-banner__content mntl-block" data-tracking-container="true"><svg class="icon icon-alert ie-notification-banner__icon-alert" > <use xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="#icon-alert" href="#icon-alert"></use> </svg> <div id="ie-notification-banner__text-container_1-0" class="comp ie-notification-banner__text-container mntl-block"><span id="ie-notification-banner__text--bold_1-0" class="comp ie-notification-banner__text--bold mntl-text-block">Your web browser (Internet Explorer 7) is out of date. </span> <span id="ie-notification-banner__text_1-0" class="comp ie-notification-banner__text mntl-text-block">Update your browser for more security, speed, and the best experience on this site.</span></div> <a href="https://www.google.com/chrome" target="_blank" rel="noopener nocaes" id="ie-notification-banner__btn-update_1-0" class="ie-notification-banner__btn-update mntl-text-link ie-notification-banner__btn" data-tracking-container="true" ><span class="link__wrapper">Update Browser</span></a> <button id="ie-notification-banner__btn-close_1-0" class="comp ie-notification-banner__btn-close mntl-button ie-js-banner-dismiss ie-notification-banner__btn"> Ignore </button></div></div> <script id="schema-unified_1-0" class="comp schema-unified mntl-schema-unified" type="application/ld+json">[ { "@context": "http://schema.org", "@type": ["ItemList"] ,"itemListElement":[ { "@type": "ListItem" ,"position": 1 ,"url": "https://www.thoughtco.com/best-resources-for-learning-to-code-online-4140687" } , { "@type": "ListItem" ,"position": 2 ,"url": "https://www.thoughtco.com/what-is-a-cms-theme-756600" } , { "@type": "ListItem" ,"position": 3 ,"url": "https://www.thoughtco.com/build-3-column-layout-in-css-3467087" } , { "@type": "ListItem" ,"position": 4 ,"url": "https://www.thoughtco.com/web-design-certifications-4005405" } , { "@type": "ListItem" ,"position": 5 ,"url": "https://www.thoughtco.com/add-jpg-or-gif-images-to-web-sites-2654720" } , { "@type": "ListItem" ,"position": 6 ,"url": "https://www.thoughtco.com/what-is-responsive-web-design-4775550" } , { "@type": "ListItem" ,"position": 7 ,"url": "https://www.thoughtco.com/add-google-map-to-web-page-4692732" } , { "@type": "ListItem" ,"position": 8 ,"url": "https://www.thoughtco.com/responsive-vs-adaptive-web-design-4684926" } , { "@type": "ListItem" ,"position": 9 ,"url": "https://www.thoughtco.com/popular-programming-languages-for-work-4172339" } , { "@type": "ListItem" ,"position": 10 ,"url": "https://www.thoughtco.com/best-programming-languages-for-beginners-4172097" } , { "@type": "ListItem" ,"position": 11 ,"url": "https://www.thoughtco.com/web-design-careers-4140413" } , { "@type": "ListItem" ,"position": 12 ,"url": "https://www.thoughtco.com/web-design-basics-4140405" } , { "@type": "ListItem" ,"position": 13 ,"url": "https://www.thoughtco.com/width-calculations-responsive-site-4136178" } , { "@type": "ListItem" ,"position": 14 ,"url": "https://www.thoughtco.com/add-sound-dreamweaver-4122888" } , { "@type": "ListItem" ,"position": 15 ,"url": "https://www.thoughtco.com/introducing-the-select-statement-4091916" } , { "@type": "ListItem" ,"position": 16 ,"url": "https://www.thoughtco.com/glow-effects-with-css3-p2-4091601" } , { "@type": "ListItem" ,"position": 17 ,"url": "https://www.thoughtco.com/micrsoft-publisher-2010-4086381" } , { "@type": "ListItem" ,"position": 18 ,"url": "https://www.thoughtco.com/images-not-loading-4072206" } , { "@type": "ListItem" ,"position": 19 ,"url": "https://www.thoughtco.com/html-codes-romanian-characters-4062226" } , { "@type": "ListItem" ,"position": 20 ,"url": "https://www.thoughtco.com/html-codes-greek-characters-4062212" } , { "@type": "ListItem" ,"position": 21 ,"url": "https://www.thoughtco.com/html-codes-french-characters-4062211" } , { "@type": "ListItem" ,"position": 22 ,"url": "https://www.thoughtco.com/html-codes-german-characters-4062206" } , { "@type": "ListItem" ,"position": 23 ,"url": "https://www.thoughtco.com/html-codes-spanish-characters-4062194" } , { "@type": "ListItem" ,"position": 24 ,"url": "https://www.thoughtco.com/visual-color-symbolism-chart-by-culture-4062177" } , { "@type": "ListItem" ,"position": 25 ,"url": "https://www.thoughtco.com/contrasting-foreground-background-colors-4061363" } , { "@type": "ListItem" ,"position": 26 ,"url": "https://www.thoughtco.com/using-css-columns-instead-of-floats-4053898" } , { "@type": "ListItem" ,"position": 27 ,"url": "https://www.thoughtco.com/free-online-logo-makers-4034344" } , { "@type": "ListItem" ,"position": 28 ,"url": "https://www.thoughtco.com/find-blogs-on-the-web-3971954" } , { "@type": "ListItem" ,"position": 29 ,"url": "https://www.thoughtco.com/trim-vs-live-area-page-layout-3969593" } , { "@type": "ListItem" ,"position": 30 ,"url": "https://www.thoughtco.com/fun-widgets-for-your-blog-3486693" } , { "@type": "ListItem" ,"position": 31 ,"url": "https://www.thoughtco.com/widget-vs-gadget-3486689" } , { "@type": "ListItem" ,"position": 32 ,"url": "https://www.thoughtco.com/copy-code-from-website-3486220" } , { "@type": "ListItem" ,"position": 33 ,"url": "https://www.thoughtco.com/add-widget-to-blogger-3486219" } ] ,"numberOfItems": 33 ,"mainEntityOfPage": { "@type": ["CollectionPage"] ,"@id": "https://www.thoughtco.com/computer-science-4133486" ,"breadcrumb": { "@type": "BreadcrumbList", "itemListElement": [ { "@type": "ListItem", "position": 1, "item": { "@id": "https://www.thoughtco.com/sciences-math-4132465", "name": "Science, Tech, Math" } } , { "@type": "ListItem", "position": 2, "item": { "@id": "https://www.thoughtco.com/computer-science-4133486", "name": "Computer Science" } } ] },"headline": "Computer Science" ,"datePublished": "2017-03-06T10:13:56.898-05:00" ,"dateModified": "2019-05-22T17:48:16.991-04:00" ,"description": "Computer science is quickly becoming an essential skill in nearly every industry. Whether you're looking to create animations in JavaScript or design a website with HTML and CSS, these tutorials and how-tos will help you get your 1's and 0's in order." , "Specialty" : "Computer Science" ,"publisher": { "@type": "Organization", "name": "ThoughtCo", "url": "https://www.thoughtco.com", "logo": { "@type": "ImageObject", "url": "https://www.thoughtco.com/thmb/ruwsr0VaZ-mxBD_vXVdKmhL0sjY=/250x60/filters:no_upscale():max_bytes(150000):strip_icc()/TC_schema_logo_250x60-59af144bd088c00010d45b5f.png", "width": 250, "height": 60 }, "brand": "ThoughtCo" , "publishingPrinciples": "https://www.thoughtco.com/about-us-4779650#toc-editorial-guidelines" , "sameAs" : [ "https://www.facebook.com/thoughtcodotcom", "https://www.flipboard.com/@thoughtco" ] }} } ]</script> </head><body> <!-- resourcesvgftl --> <svg class="mntl-svg-resource is-hidden"> <defs> <symbol id="icon-caret-down"> <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 14 14"><path fill-rule="evenodd" clip-rule="evenodd" d="M7.77819 12.3744C7.1924 12.9602 6.24266 12.9602 5.65687 12.3744L1.44243e-05 6.71751L2.12133 4.59619L6.71753 9.19239L11.3137 4.59619L13.435 6.71751L7.77819 12.3744Z" fill="#DE2229"/></svg> </symbol> <symbol id="icon-alert"> <svg width="30" height="29" fill="none" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><path d="M13.2522 4.38081C14.077 2.92054 16.1389 2.92054 16.9637 4.38081L26.7065 21.6302C27.5313 23.0905 26.5003 24.9158 24.8507 24.9158H5.36517C3.7156 24.9158 2.68462 23.0905 3.5094 21.6302L13.2522 4.38081Z" fill="#fff"/><path fill-rule="evenodd" clip-rule="evenodd" d="M19.6063 2.76459L29.2795 20.1815C31.3267 23.8676 28.7677 28.4753 24.6732 28.4753H5.32681C1.23233 28.4753 -1.32671 23.8676 0.720529 20.1815L10.3937 2.76459C12.441 -0.921533 17.559 -0.921526 19.6063 2.76459ZM16.8425 4.42334C16.0236 2.94889 13.9764 2.94889 13.1575 4.42334L3.4843 21.8402C2.6654 23.3147 3.68902 25.1577 5.32681 25.1577H24.6732C26.311 25.1577 27.3346 23.3147 26.5157 21.8402L16.8425 4.42334Z" fill="#C00"/><path d="M13.8863 18.8426L12.8572 11.2V7.66641H17.1429V11.2L16.1279 18.8426H13.8863ZM13.0264 22.9992V20.1106H16.9878V22.9992H13.0264Z" fill="#222"/></svg> </symbol> <symbol id="icon-menu"> <svg viewBox="0 0 21 25" fill="none" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><path d="M2 21.5C2 20.6716 2.67157 20 3.5 20H17.5C18.3284 20 19 20.6716 19 21.5C19 22.3284 18.3284 23 17.5 23H3.5C2.67157 23 2 22.3284 2 21.5Z" fill="#DCD8A0"/><path fill-rule="evenodd" clip-rule="evenodd" d="M3.5 18H17.5C19.433 18 21 19.567 21 21.5C21 23.433 19.433 25 17.5 25H3.5C1.567 25 0 23.433 0 21.5C0 19.567 1.567 18 3.5 18ZM3.5 20C2.67157 20 2 20.6716 2 21.5C2 22.3284 2.67157 23 3.5 23H17.5C18.3284 23 19 22.3284 19 21.5C19 20.6716 18.3284 20 17.5 20H3.5Z" fill="#333"/><path d="M2 12.5C2 11.6716 2.67157 11 3.5 11H17.5C18.3284 11 19 11.6716 19 12.5C19 13.3284 18.3284 14 17.5 14H3.5C2.67157 14 2 13.3284 2 12.5Z" fill="#DCD8A0"/><path fill-rule="evenodd" clip-rule="evenodd" d="M3.5 9H17.5C19.433 9 21 10.567 21 12.5C21 14.433 19.433 16 17.5 16H3.5C1.567 16 0 14.433 0 12.5C0 10.567 1.567 9 3.5 9ZM3.5 11C2.67157 11 2 11.6716 2 12.5C2 13.3284 2.67157 14 3.5 14H17.5C18.3284 14 19 13.3284 19 12.5C19 11.6716 18.3284 11 17.5 11H3.5Z" fill="#333"/><path d="M2 3.5C2 2.67157 2.67157 2 3.5 2H17.5C18.3284 2 19 2.67157 19 3.5C19 4.32843 18.3284 5 17.5 5H3.5C2.67157 5 2 4.32843 2 3.5Z" fill="#DCD8A0"/><path fill-rule="evenodd" clip-rule="evenodd" d="M3.5 0H17.5C19.433 0 21 1.567 21 3.5C21 5.433 19.433 7 17.5 7H3.5C1.567 7 0 5.433 0 3.5C0 1.567 1.567 0 3.5 0ZM3.5 2C2.67157 2 2 2.67157 2 3.5C2 4.32843 2.67157 5 3.5 5H17.5C18.3284 5 19 4.32843 19 3.5C19 2.67157 18.3284 2 17.5 2H3.5Z" fill="#333"/></svg> </symbol> <symbol id="icon-close"> <svg viewBox="0 0 21 21" fill="none" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><path fill-rule="evenodd" clip-rule="evenodd" d="M2.43934 15.8744C1.85355 16.4602 1.85355 17.4099 2.43934 17.9957C3.02513 18.5815 3.97487 18.5815 4.56066 17.9957L10.2175 12.3388L15.8744 17.9957C16.4602 18.5815 17.4099 18.5815 17.9957 17.9957C18.5815 17.4099 18.5815 16.4602 17.9957 15.8744L12.3388 10.2175L17.9957 4.56066C18.5815 3.97487 18.5815 3.02513 17.9957 2.43934C17.4099 1.85355 16.4602 1.85355 15.8744 2.43934L10.2175 8.09619L4.56066 2.43934C3.97488 1.85355 3.02513 1.85355 2.43934 2.43934C1.85356 3.02513 1.85356 3.97487 2.43934 4.56066L8.0962 10.2175L2.43934 15.8744Z" fill="#DCD8A0"/><path fill-rule="evenodd" clip-rule="evenodd" d="M1.02513 14.4602L5.26777 10.2175L1.02513 5.97487C-0.341705 4.60804 -0.341705 2.39196 1.02513 1.02513C2.39196 -0.341708 4.60804 -0.341709 5.97488 1.02513L10.2175 5.26776L14.4602 1.02513C15.827 -0.341708 18.0431 -0.341708 19.4099 1.02513C20.7767 2.39196 20.7767 4.60804 19.4099 5.97487L15.1673 10.2175L19.4099 14.4602C20.7767 15.827 20.7767 18.0431 19.4099 19.4099C18.0431 20.7767 15.827 20.7767 14.4602 19.4099L10.2175 15.1673L5.97487 19.4099C4.60804 20.7767 2.39196 20.7767 1.02513 19.4099C-0.341709 18.0431 -0.341708 15.827 1.02513 14.4602ZM10.2175 12.3388L15.8744 17.9957C16.4602 18.5815 17.4099 18.5815 17.9957 17.9957C18.5815 17.4099 18.5815 16.4602 17.9957 15.8744L12.3388 10.2175L17.9957 4.56066C18.5815 3.97487 18.5815 3.02513 17.9957 2.43934C17.4099 1.85355 16.4602 1.85355 15.8744 2.43934L10.2175 8.09619L4.56066 2.43934C3.97488 1.85355 3.02513 1.85355 2.43934 2.43934C1.85356 3.02513 1.85356 3.97487 2.43934 4.56066L8.0962 10.2175L2.43934 15.8744C1.85355 16.4602 1.85355 17.4099 2.43934 17.9957C3.02513 18.5815 3.97487 18.5815 4.56066 17.9957L10.2175 12.3388Z" fill="#333"/></svg> </symbol> <symbol id="icon-logo"> <svg version="1.1" class="logo-img" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" x="0" y="0" viewBox="-169.7 -50 913.8 182.2" xml:space="preserve"><g class="logo-thought"><path d="M506.9 63.3c-1.7.4-5 1-8.7 1-6.1 0-8.1-1-10.6-3.9-2.1-2.5-2.1-6.6-2.1-12.4V12.6H507v-21h-12.1v0h-9.3v-25.8l-24.9-.1v25.9l-12 0 0 20.9h12v32.7c0 13.2 2.4 21.2 6.9 27.7 6.8 9.8 17.2 13.4 32.1 13.4 3.8 0 9.3-.8 12.5-1.9L506.9 63.3zM-73.1-49.6v23h-35.4v111h-25.8v-111h-35.4v-23H-73.1zM-35.5 84.4h-24.9V-50h24.9v48.2c6.9-5.4 15.7-8.6 25.3-8.6 12.8 0 24.5 5.7 32.1 14.9 6.1 7.3 9.6 16.6 9.6 32.5v47.3H6.6V35.2c0-9.2-2.1-14-5.6-17.4-3.3-3.3-8.2-5.2-14-5.2-10.5 0-19.1 6.7-22.6 11.5V84.4zM88.6-10.3c28.1 0 49.4 21.6 49.4 48.4 0 26.8-21.2 48.2-49.4 48.2S39.2 64.9 39.2 38.1C39.2 11.3 60.4-10.3 88.6-10.3zM88.6 63.3c14.5 0 24.5-11.3 24.5-25.3s-9.9-25.4-24.5-25.4c-14.5 0-24.5 11.5-24.5 25.4S74 63.3 88.6 63.3zM235.1-8.4v92.8h-23.9v-7.5c-7.3 6.5-16.1 9.4-25.1 9.4-12.8 0-24.3-5.9-31.6-14.9-5.9-7.3-9.4-16.8-9.4-30.6V-8.4h24.9v50.1c0 8.4 1.7 12.6 4.6 15.9 3.8 4.2 9.2 5.7 14 5.7 10.5 0 18.2-7.1 21.6-11.5V-8.4H235.1zM340.3 79.2c0 16.6-2.9 26.6-8.4 34.4-8.4 11.7-23.3 18.6-41.1 18.6-18.2 0-35.4-8.4-44.6-19.1l15.7-16.3c5 5.4 13.6 13.4 28.9 13.4 8 0 14.7-2.5 18.9-7.5 3.8-4.2 5.7-9.9 5.7-21.8v-3.1c-7.5 5.7-15.5 8.4-24.9 8.4-13.8 0-27-6.1-35.2-15.7-7.3-8.4-11.7-19.9-11.7-32.5 0-27.4 20.3-48.4 45.5-48.4 10.5 0 19.9 3.4 27.2 9.4v-7.5h23.9V79.2zM315.4 24.1c-5.2-6.9-13.4-11.5-23-11.5-14.5 0-23.9 12.1-23.9 25.4 0 14.5 10.5 25.3 24.5 25.3 9.4 0 17.6-4.6 22.4-11.5V24.1zM378.3 84.4h-24.9V-50h24.9v48.2c6.9-5.4 15.7-8.6 25.3-8.6 12.8 0 24.5 5.7 32.1 14.9 6.1 7.3 9.6 16.6 9.6 32.5v47.3h-24.9V35.2c0-9.2-2.1-14-5.6-17.4-3.3-3.3-8.2-5.2-14-5.2-10.5 0-19.1 6.7-22.6 11.5V84.4z"/><g class="logo-co" fill="#BEAB72"><path d="M590 67c-25.8 0-45.7-19.9-45.7-45.9 0-25.4 19.1-45.9 44.6-45.9 13.2 0 24.5 5.7 32.5 13.8l16.6-17.6c-12.1-11.7-29.1-19.1-49-19.1-41.7 0-70.6 30.4-70.6 68.9s29.3 68.9 71 68.9c15 0 28.3-4 39.1-10.5-5-6.2-8.4-13.6-10-21.8C611.2 63.3 601.7 67 590 67zM742.2 67.5c-1.2-2.1-2.9-3.8-5.1-5-2.2-1.2-4.5-1.8-6.9-1.8-3.4 0-6.4 1.2-9 3.5-3 2.7-4.5 6.1-4.5 10.2 0 3.8 1.3 7 4 9.7 2.6 2.7 5.8 4 9.6 4 2.5 0 4.9-.6 7-1.8 2.1-1.2 3.8-2.9 5-5 1.2-2.1 1.8-4.4 1.8-6.9C744 71.8 743.4 69.6 742.2 67.5z"/><path d="M669.8,5.1c-24.7,0-43.3,19-43.3,42.5c0,1.2,0.1,2.4,0.2,3.6c0.7,9,4.2,17.1,9.7,23.6c7.8,9.3,19.7,15.1,33.5,15.1 c24.7,0,43.3-18.8,43.3-42.3C713.1,24.1,694.4,5.1,669.8,5.1z M670.3,70.4c-7.1,0-13.1-3-16.9-8c-3.2-3.9-5.1-9-5.1-14.7 c0-12.3,8.7-22.3,21.5-22.3c6.5,0,11.9,2.6,15.7,6.7c3.9,4,6.3,9.7,6.3,16.1C691.7,61,682.7,70.4,670.3,70.4z"/></g></g></svg> </symbol> <symbol id="icon-search"> <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 29 34"><path d="M5.04807 30.5496C6.15292 31.1875 7.5657 30.8089 8.20358 29.7041L13.6111 20.338C14.249 19.2332 13.8704 17.8204 12.7656 17.1825L12.7179 17.155C11.6131 16.5171 10.2003 16.8957 9.56242 18.0005L4.15492 27.3666C3.51703 28.4714 3.89558 29.8842 5.00043 30.5221L5.04807 30.5496Z" fill="#DCD8A0" stroke="#333" stroke-width="2"/><path d="M9.88244 22.8385C5.33866 20.2151 3.78184 14.405 6.4052 9.86122C9.02855 5.31744 14.8387 3.76062 19.3824 6.38397C23.9262 9.00733 25.483 14.8174 22.8597 19.3612C20.2363 23.905 14.4262 25.4618 9.88244 22.8385Z" stroke="#333" stroke-width="2"/></svg> </symbol> <symbol id="icon-facebook"> <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 43.8 34"><path d="M22.4,30.1V18.9h3.7l0.6-4.4h-4.3v-2.8c0-1.3,0.3-2.1,2.2-2.1h2.3V5.8c-0.4-0.1-1.8-0.2-3.4-0.2c-3.3,0-5.6,2-5.6,5.7v3.2h-3.8v4.4h3.8v11.2L22.4,30.1L22.4,30.1z"/></svg> </symbol> <symbol id="icon-flipboard"> <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="240.4 241 17.3 17.3"><path d="M252 241 246.2 241 240.4 241 240.4 246.7 240.4 252.5 240.4 258.3 246.2 258.3 246.2 252.6 251.9 252.6 251.9 246.8 257.7 246.8 257.7 241z"/><path d="M252 241 246.2 241 246.2 246.8 252 246.8 257.7 246.8 257.7 241zM246.2 246.8H252V252.60000000000002H246.2z"/></svg> </symbol> <symbol id="icon-instagram"> <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" x="0" y="0" viewBox="0 0 43.8 34" xml:space="preserve"><path d="M21.8,8.5c2.9,0,3.2,0,4.4,0.1c1.1,0,1.6,0.2,2,0.4c0.5,0.2,0.9,0.4,1.2,0.8c0.4,0.4,0.6,0.7,0.8,1.2c0.1,0.4,0.3,1,0.4,2c0.1,1.1,0.1,1.5,0.1,4.4s0,3.2-0.1,4.4c0,1.1-0.2,1.6-0.4,2c-0.2,0.5-0.4,0.9-0.8,1.2c-0.4,0.4-0.7,0.6-1.2,0.8c-0.4,0.1-1,0.3-2,0.4c-1.1,0.1-1.5,0.1-4.4,0.1s-3.2,0-4.4-0.1c-1.1,0-1.6-0.2-2-0.4c-0.5-0.2-0.9-0.4-1.2-0.8c-0.4-0.4-0.6-0.7-0.8-1.2c-0.1-0.4-0.3-1-0.4-2c-0.1-1.1-0.1-1.5-0.1-4.4s0-3.2,0.1-4.4c0-1.1,0.2-1.6,0.4-2c0.2-0.5,0.4-0.9,0.8-1.2c0.4-0.4,0.7-0.6,1.2-0.8c0.4-0.1,1-0.3,2-0.4C18.6,8.5,18.9,8.5,21.8,8.5 M21.8,6.6c-2.9,0-3.3,0-4.5,0.1c-1.2,0.1-1.9,0.2-2.6,0.5c-0.7,0.3-1.3,0.6-1.9,1.2c-0.6,0.6-1,1.2-1.2,1.9c-0.3,0.7-0.4,1.5-0.5,2.6C11,14.1,11,14.4,11,17.4c0,2.9,0,3.3,0.1,4.5c0.1,1.2,0.2,1.9,0.5,2.6c0.3,0.7,0.6,1.3,1.2,1.9c0.6,0.6,1.2,1,1.9,1.2c0.7,0.3,1.5,0.4,2.6,0.5c1.2,0.1,1.5,0.1,4.5,0.1s3.3,0,4.5-0.1c1.2-0.1,1.9-0.2,2.6-0.5c0.7-0.3,1.3-0.6,1.9-1.2c0.6-0.6,1-1.2,1.2-1.9c0.3-0.7,0.4-1.5,0.5-2.6c0.1-1.2,0.1-1.5,0.1-4.5s0-3.3-0.1-4.5c-0.1-1.2-0.2-1.9-0.5-2.6c-0.3-0.7-0.6-1.3-1.2-1.9c-0.6-0.6-1.2-1-1.9-1.2c-0.7-0.3-1.5-0.4-2.6-0.5C25.1,6.6,24.7,6.6,21.8,6.6L21.8,6.6z"/><path d="M21.8,11.8c-3.1,0-5.5,2.5-5.5,5.5s2.5,5.5,5.5,5.5s5.5-2.5,5.5-5.5S24.9,11.8,21.8,11.8zM21.8,21c-2,0-3.6-1.6-3.6-3.6s1.6-3.6,3.6-3.6s3.6,1.6,3.6,3.6S23.8,21,21.8,21z"/><circle cx="27.6" cy="11.6" r="1.3"/></svg> </symbol> <symbol id="icon-linkedin"> <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 41.8 41.8"><path d="M12.2 18.2h3.9v12.7h-3.9V18.2zm1.9-6.3c1.3 0 2.3 1 2.3 2.3s-1 2.3-2.3 2.3-2.3-1-2.3-2.3c0-1.3 1.1-2.3 2.3-2.3M18.6 18.2h3.8v1.7h.1c.8-1.3 2.2-2.1 3.7-2 4 0 4.7 2.6 4.7 6v7H27v-6.2c0-1.5 0-3.4-2-3.4s-2.3 1.6-2.3 3.2v6.3h-3.9l-.2-12.6z"/></svg> </symbol> <symbol id="icon-pinterest"> <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="-1217.8 0 640 480"><path d="M-888.5,96c-77.6,0-120,52.2-120,108.7c0,26.8,14.1,59.3,36.7,70.6c2.8,1.4,5.6,1.4,5.6-2.8c0-2.8,4.2-14.1,5.6-21.2c0-1.4,0-2.8-1.4-5.6c-7.1-8.5-14.1-25.4-14.1-40.9c0-39.5,29.6-79.1,81.9-79.1c43.8,0,74.8,29.6,74.8,73.4c0,49.4-24,83.3-56.5,83.3c-18.4,0-31.1-14.1-26.8-32.5c5.6-21.2,15.5-45.2,15.5-60.7c0-14.1-7.1-25.4-22.6-25.4c-18.4,0-32.5,18.4-32.5,43.8c0,15.5,5.6,26.8,5.6,26.8s-18.4,76.2-21.2,90.4c-5.6,24,1.4,62.1,1.4,66.4c0,1.4,2.8,2.8,2.8,1.4c1.4-2.8,24-35.3,29.6-57.9c2.8-8.5,11.3-42.4,11.3-42.4c5.6,11.3,22.6,21.2,40.9,21.2c55.1,0,93.2-50.8,93.2-112.9C-776.9,141.2-824.9,96-888.5,96z"/></svg> </symbol> <symbol id="icon-x"> <svg viewBox="0 0 24 24" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><path d="M13.6468 10.4686L20.9321 2H19.2057L12.8799 9.3532L7.82741 2H2L9.6403 13.1193L2 22H3.72649L10.4068 14.2348L15.7425 22H21.57L13.6468 10.4686ZM11.2821 13.2173L10.508 12.1101L4.34857 3.29968H7.00037L11.9711 10.4099L12.7452 11.5172L19.2066 20.7594H16.5548L11.2821 13.2173Z"/></svg> </symbol> <symbol id="icon-privacy-options"> <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 30 14"><path fill="#FFF" d="M7.4 12.8h6.8l3.1-11.6H7.4C4.2 1.2 1.6 3.8 1.6 7s2.6 5.8 5.8 5.8z"/><path fill="#06f" d="M22.6 0H7.4c-3.9 0-7 3.1-7 7s3.1 7 7 7h15.2c3.9 0 7-3.1 7-7s-3.2-7-7-7zm-21 7c0-3.2 2.6-5.8 5.8-5.8h9.9l-3.1 11.6H7.4c-3.2 0-5.8-2.6-5.8-5.8z"/><path fill="#FFF" d="M24.6 4c.2.2.2.6 0 .8L22.5 7l2.2 2.2c.2.2.2.6 0 .8-.2.2-.6.2-.8 0l-2.2-2.2-2.2 2.2c-.2.2-.6.2-.8 0-.2-.2-.2-.6 0-.8L20.8 7l-2.2-2.2c-.2-.2-.2-.6 0-.8.2-.2.6-.2.8 0l2.2 2.2L23.8 4c.2-.2.6-.2.8 0z"/><path fill="#06f" d="M12.7 4.1c.2.2.3.6.1.8L8.6 9.8c-.1.1-.2.2-.3.2-.2.1-.5.1-.7-.1L5.4 7.7c-.2-.2-.2-.6 0-.8.2-.2.6-.2.8 0L8 8.6l3.8-4.5c.2-.2.6-.2.9 0z"/></svg> </symbol> <symbol id="mntl-dotdash-universal-nav__logo"> <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="5 2.8 290 69"><circle cx="39.6" cy="37.4" r="34.3" fill="#f44b34"/><path fill="#fff" d="M50.4 17.9c-1.7-1.8-4-2.6-7-2.6-9.1-.1-12.4-.1-13.2-.1L27.3 22h8.1L30 28v21h-.1l.1.1v6.7l-3.6 4h18.5L53 51V25c0-.1.1-4.3-2.6-7.1zm-5.2 19.6-7.4 7.8V41l7.4-7.8v4.3zm-7.4-15.4h3c.9 0 2.1-.1 3.1.9s1.4 2.5 1.4 4.9v3.6l-7.4 7.8-.1-17.2zm-4.9 30.1 3.3-3.6 9-9.5v13.1c0 .1-12.3.1-12.3 0z"/><path fill="#009ad9" d="m99.645 22.637 6.505-6.506 4.172 4.172-6.505 6.506zM121 44l4.2 4.2 6.5-6.5-4.2-4.2zm-3.2-31.2c1.8-1.8 4.7-1.8 6.5 0 1.9 1.9 1.7 4.8 0 6.5l-3.3 3.3 4.2 4.2 3.3-3.3c2-2 4.9-1.6 6.5 0 2 2 1.6 4.9 0 6.5l-3.3 3.3 4.2 4.2 3.3-3.3c4.2-4.2 4-10.8 0-14.8-2.8-2.8-6.1-3.1-7.6-3.1.1-1.5-.3-4.8-3.1-7.6-3.9-3.9-10.6-4.2-14.8 0l-3.3 3.3 4.2 4.2 3.2-3.4zm-7.5 20.6 4.2 4.1L121 31l-4.2-4.1-6.5 6.5z"/><path fill="#6ebd44" d="m99.6 52.4 6.6 6.5 4.1-4.2-6.5-6.5zm36.3-14.9-4.2 4.2L135 45c1.6 1.6 2 4.5 0 6.5-1.6 1.6-4.5 2.1-6.5 0l-3.3-3.3-4.2 4.2 3.3 3.3c1.7 1.7 1.9 4.6 0 6.5-1.8 1.8-4.7 1.8-6.5 0l-3.3-3.3-4.2 4.2 3.3 3.3c4.2 4.2 10.9 3.9 14.8 0 2.8-2.8 3.1-6.1 3.1-7.6 1.5 0 4.8-.3 7.6-3.1 4-4 4.2-10.6 0-14.8l-3.2-3.4zm-25.6 4.2 6.5 6.5L121 44l-6.5-6.5zm14.9-14.8L121 31l6.5 6.5 4.2-4.1-6.5-6.5z"/><path fill="#f68f1e" d="m110.332 54.607 6.506-6.506 4.172 4.172-6.506 6.505zM102.8 62.2c-1.6 1.6-4.5 2-6.5 0-1.6-1.6-2.1-4.5 0-6.5l3.3-3.3-4.2-4.2-3.3 3.3c-1.7 1.7-4.6 1.9-6.5 0-1.8-1.8-1.8-4.7 0-6.5l3.3-3.3-4.2-4.2-3.3 3.3c-4.2 4.2-3.9 10.9 0 14.8 2.8 2.8 6.1 3.1 7.6 3.1 0 1.5.3 4.8 3.1 7.6 4 4 10.6 4.2 14.8 0l3.3-3.3-4.2-4.2-3.2 3.4zm3.4-24.7L99.6 44l4.2 4.2 6.5-6.5zM95.5 26.9 89 33.4l4.1 4.1 6.5-6.5z"/><path fill="#ec174c" d="m99.6 44-6.5-6.5-4.1 4.2 6.5 6.5zm-14-14c-1.8-1.8-1.8-4.7 0-6.5 1.9-1.9 4.8-1.7 6.5 0l3.3 3.3 4.2-4.2-3.3-3.3c-2-2-1.6-4.9 0-6.5 2-2 4.9-1.6 6.5 0l3.3 3.3 4.2-4.2-3.3-3.2c-4.2-4.2-10.8-4-14.8 0-2.8 2.8-3.1 6.1-3.1 7.6-1.5-.1-4.9.3-7.6 3.1-3.9 3.9-4.2 10.6 0 14.8l3.3 3.3 4.2-4.2-3.4-3.3zm24.73-9.682 4.172-4.172 6.505 6.505-4.172 4.172zM106.2 37.5l4.1-4.1-6.5-6.5-4.2 4.1 6.6 6.5z"/><path fill="#573357" d="m106.142 16.042 4.171-4.172 4.172 4.172-4.171 4.172z"/><path fill="#be272d" d="m84.81 37.543 4.172-4.172 4.172 4.172-4.172 4.172z"/><path fill="#008e4c" d="m127.497 37.555 4.171-4.172 4.172 4.172-4.171 4.172z"/><path fill="#7a773e" d="m106.172 58.866 4.172-4.172 4.172 4.172-4.172 4.172z"/><path fill="#443639" d="m116.856 26.74 4.172-4.172 4.172 4.172-4.172 4.172z"/><path fill="#803136" d="m95.455 48.169 4.172-4.172 4.172 4.172-4.172 4.172z"/><path fill="#593438" d="m95.446 26.753 4.172-4.172 4.172 4.173-4.172 4.171z"/><path fill="#443639" d="m106.155 37.456 4.172-4.172 4.172 4.171-4.172 4.172z"/><path fill="#2a6442" d="m116.871 48.153 4.172-4.172 4.172 4.172-4.172 4.172z"/><path d="M170.4 13.5c-2.5-2.2-5.7-3.3-9.6-3.3h-7.2v23.6h7.6c3.8 0 7-1.1 9.4-3.3s3.6-5 3.6-8.5-1.3-6.3-3.8-8.5zm.1 8.5c0 2.6-.9 4.7-2.6 6.2-1.7 1.6-4.1 2.3-7 2.3h-3.8V13.4h3.8c2.9 0 5.2.8 7 2.3 1.7 1.5 2.6 3.7 2.6 6.3zm14.6-6.3c-2.5 0-4.7.9-6.4 2.7s-2.6 4-2.6 6.6.9 4.8 2.6 6.6c1.7 1.8 3.9 2.7 6.4 2.7h.1v-.1c2.5 0 4.7-.9 6.4-2.7s2.6-4 2.6-6.6c0-2.5-.9-4.8-2.6-6.6-1.8-1.7-3.9-2.6-6.5-2.6zm4.1 13.7c-.5.6-1.1 1-1.8 1.3s-1.4.3-2.2.3c-1.7 0-3-.6-4.1-1.8-1.1-1.2-1.6-2.7-1.6-4.4 0-1.7.6-3.2 1.6-4.3 1.1-1.2 2.4-1.7 4.1-1.7 1.6 0 3 .6 4 1.7 1.1 1.2 1.6 2.6 1.6 4.3 0 1.9-.5 3.4-1.6 4.6zm16.9.8c-.5.6-1.3.9-2.3.9-1.6 0-2.4-.9-2.4-2.7v-9.2h5v-3h-5v-4.4h-3.3v4.4h-2.9l.1 3h2.9v9.3c0 1.9.5 3.3 1.4 4.3s2.2 1.5 3.9 1.5c1.8 0 3.2-.5 4.2-1.5l-1.6-2.6zm38.1-11.6c-1.5-2-3.5-3-6.1-3-2.5 0-4.5.9-6.1 2.7-1.6 1.8-2.4 4-2.4 6.6 0 2.7.8 4.9 2.5 6.6 1.7 1.8 3.7 2.7 6.1 2.7 2.6 0 4.6-1 6.1-3.1v2.6h3.4V16.1h-3.4v2.5h-.1zm-1.6 2c1.1 1.2 1.6 2.6 1.6 4.3s-.5 3.2-1.6 4.4c-.5.6-1.1 1-1.8 1.3s-1.4.4-2.2.4c-1.7 0-3-.6-4.1-1.8-1.1-1.2-1.6-2.7-1.6-4.4 0-1.7.6-3.2 1.6-4.3 1.1-1.2 2.4-1.7 4.1-1.7 1.6.1 2.9.6 4 1.8zm17.9 3.6c-.9-.3-1.9-.6-3-.9-1-.3-1.9-.6-2.5-1-.7-.4-1-1-1-1.6l.1-.1c0-.7.3-1.2.9-1.6.6-.4 1.4-.6 2.3-.6 2 0 3.4.7 4.5 2l2-2c-1.3-1.8-3.5-2.7-6.6-2.7-1.9 0-3.5.5-4.7 1.4-1.2 1-1.7 2.1-1.7 3.5 0 1.2.3 2.1 1 2.9s1.5 1.3 2.6 1.7c1.1.4 2 .7 2.9 1 1 .3 1.8.7 2.4 1.1.7.5 1 1 1 1.8s-.3 1.4-.9 1.8c-.6.5-1.4.7-2.5.7-2.3 0-4.1-.8-5.3-2.3l-2 2.2c1.5 1.9 3.9 2.9 7.1 2.9 2.2 0 3.9-.5 5.1-1.5s1.8-2.3 1.8-3.8c0-1.2-.3-2.2-1-3-.6-.9-1.5-1.4-2.5-1.9zm14.9-8.6c-2.3 0-4.1.8-5.2 2.5V8.4h-3.4v25.4h3.4l.1-10.3c0-1.4.4-2.6 1.2-3.4.8-.8 1.8-1.2 3.2-1.2 1.3 0 2.4.4 3.2 1.3.8.8 1.2 2 1.2 3.4v10.3h3.4V23c0-2.3-.6-4-1.9-5.4-1.4-1.4-3.1-2-5.2-2zm-52.2 3c-1.5-2-3.5-3-6.1-3-2.5 0-4.5.9-6.1 2.7-1.6 1.8-2.4 4-2.4 6.6 0 2.7.8 4.9 2.5 6.6 1.7 1.8 3.7 2.7 6.1 2.7 2.6 0 4.6-1 6.1-3.1v2.6h3.4V8.4h-3.4v10.2h-.1zm-1.6 2c1.1 1.2 1.6 2.6 1.6 4.3s-.5 3.2-1.6 4.4c-1.1 1.2-2.4 1.8-4 1.8-1.7 0-3-.6-4.1-1.8-1.1-1.2-1.6-2.7-1.6-4.4 0-1.7.6-3.2 1.6-4.3 1.1-1.2 2.4-1.7 4.1-1.7 1.6 0 2.9.5 4 1.7zm48.8 19.9h-3.6v19.1c0 2.4.7 4.1 2.1 5.1 1.2.9 3.1 1.4 5.6 1.4h.1v-3h-.1c-1.2 0-2.1-.2-2.7-.6-.9-.6-1.4-1.7-1.4-3.3V51h4.1v-3h-4.1v-7.5zm-96.2 7c-1.4 0-2.6.3-3.7 1-1 .6-1.7 1.5-2.3 2.6-1.2-2.4-3.2-3.6-6-3.6-2.2 0-4 .9-5.2 2.6V48h-3.5v18.2h3.5l.2-10.7c0-1.5.4-2.6 1.1-3.5.7-.9 1.8-1.3 3.1-1.3s2.3.4 3.1 1.3c.8.9 1.2 2 1.2 3.5v10.6h3.4V55.5c0-1.5.4-2.6 1.2-3.5s1.8-1.3 3.2-1.3c1.3 0 2.3.4 3.1 1.3.7.9 1.1 2 1.1 3.5v10.6h3.5V55c0-2.3-.6-4.1-1.9-5.5-1.3-1.3-3-2-5.1-2zm18.9 0c-2.5 0-4.7.9-6.4 2.8-1.7 1.9-2.6 4.1-2.6 6.8s.9 5 2.7 6.8c1.8 1.8 4.1 2.8 6.8 2.8h.1v-.1c1.4 0 2.7-.3 3.9-.7 1.2-.5 2.2-1.1 3-1.9l-1.8-2.4c-1.3 1.3-3 2-5 2-1.7 0-3.1-.5-4.2-1.6-1.1-1-1.8-2.4-2-4h14.3c.1-.3.1-.7.1-1.2 0-2.5-.9-4.7-2.6-6.5-1.6-1.8-3.8-2.8-6.3-2.8zm.1 3c1.4 0 2.6.5 3.6 1.3 1 .9 1.6 2.1 1.8 3.8h-10.8c.3-1.5.9-2.7 1.8-3.7 1-.9 2.2-1.4 3.6-1.4zm22.5-2.3c-.6-.5-1.6-.8-2.8-.8-1.9 0-3.4.9-4.5 2.6v-2H205v18.2h3.5l-.1-10.5c0-1.5.3-2.7.9-3.6.6-.9 1.5-1.3 2.6-1.3.9 0 1.7.2 2.3.7h.1l1.4-3.3zm9-.7c-2.5 0-4.7.9-6.4 2.8-1.7 1.9-2.6 4.1-2.6 6.8s.9 5 2.7 6.8c1.8 1.8 4.1 2.8 6.8 2.8h.1v-.1c1.4 0 2.7-.3 3.9-.7 1.2-.5 2.2-1.1 3-1.9l-1.8-2.4c-1.3 1.3-3 2-5 2-1.7 0-3.1-.5-4.2-1.6-1.1-1-1.8-2.4-2-4h14.3c.1-.3.1-.7.1-1.2 0-2.5-.9-4.7-2.6-6.5-1.6-1.8-3.8-2.8-6.3-2.8zm.1 3c1.4 0 2.6.5 3.6 1.3 1 .9 1.6 2.1 1.8 3.8h-10.8c.3-1.5.9-2.7 1.8-3.7.9-.9 2.1-1.4 3.6-1.4zm26.1 0c-1.5-2-3.6-3.1-6.3-3.1-2.5 0-4.6.9-6.3 2.7s-2.5 4.1-2.5 6.8.9 5 2.5 6.8c1.7 1.8 3.8 2.7 6.3 2.7 2.6 0 4.7-1.1 6.3-3.2v2.7h3.5V40.5h-3.5v10zm-1.7 2c1.1 1.2 1.6 2.7 1.6 4.5 0 1.7-.6 3.3-1.6 4.5-1.1 1.2-2.4 1.8-4.2 1.8-1.7 0-3.1-.6-4.2-1.8-1.1-1.2-1.7-2.7-1.7-4.5s.6-3.3 1.7-4.5c1.1-1.2 2.5-1.8 4.2-1.8 1.8.1 3.1.7 4.2 1.8zm43.5-3c-1.3-1.4-3-2.1-5.2-2.1-2.4 0-4.2.9-5.4 2.6v-9.6h-3.5v25.7h3.5l.1-10.5c0-1.5.4-2.6 1.2-3.5.8-.9 1.8-1.3 3.2-1.3 1.4 0 2.5.4 3.3 1.3.8.9 1.2 2 1.2 3.5v10.6h3.5V55c0-2.3-.6-4.1-1.9-5.5zM259.1 48h3.5v18.2h-3.5zm0-7.5h3.4v3.4h-3.4z"/></svg> </symbol> <symbol id="icon-caret-right"> <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" x="0" y="0" viewBox="0 0 100 100" xml:space="preserve"><path d="M33 99 82.1 50 33 .9z"/></svg> </symbol> </defs> </svg> <!-- done svg resources --> <!-- Google Tag Manager (Testing) --> <noscript><iframe src="//www.googletagmanager.com/ns.html?id=GTM-5P3SZGS" height="0" width="0" style="display:none;visibility:hidden"></iframe></noscript> <!-- End Google Tag Manager --> <header id="header_1-0" class="comp header" role="banner" data-tracking-container="true"><a href="#skip-to-content" rel="nocaes" id="skip-link_1-0" class="skip-link mntl-text-link btn" data-tracking-container="true" ><span class="link__wrapper">Skip to content</span></a> <div class="menu-button-container"> <button class="menu-button"> <span class="is-vishidden">Menu</span> <div class="menu-button-inner"> <svg class="icon icon-menu " > <use xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="#icon-menu" href="#icon-menu"></use> </svg> <svg class="icon icon-close " > <use xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="#icon-close" href="#icon-close"></use> </svg> <div> </button> </div> <div id="logo_1-0" class="comp logo"> <a href="/" rel="home" aria-label="Visit ThoughtCo's homepage"> <span class="is-vishidden">Home</span> <svg class="icon icon-logo " > <use xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="#icon-logo" href="#icon-logo"></use> </svg> </a> </div> <nav id="header-nav_1-0" class="comp header-nav" role="navigation"> <ul class="header-nav__list"> <li class="header-nav__list-item"> <a href="https://www.thoughtco.com/sciences-math-4132465" rel="nocaes" class="header-nav__list-item-link" > Science, Tech, Math </a> <ul class="header-nav__sublist"> <li class="header-nav__sublist-item"> <a href="https://www.thoughtco.com/science-4132464" rel="nocaes" class="header-nav__sublist-item-link" > Science </a> </li> <li class="header-nav__sublist-item"> <a href="https://www.thoughtco.com/math-4133545" rel="nocaes" class="header-nav__sublist-item-link" > Math </a> </li> <li class="header-nav__sublist-item"> <a href="https://www.thoughtco.com/social-sciences-4133522" rel="nocaes" class="header-nav__sublist-item-link" > Social Sciences </a> </li> <li class="header-nav__sublist-item"> <a href="https://www.thoughtco.com/computer-science-4133486" rel="nocaes" class="header-nav__sublist-item-link" > Computer Science </a> </li> <li class="header-nav__sublist-item"> <a href="https://www.thoughtco.com/animals-and-nature-4133421" rel="nocaes" class="header-nav__sublist-item-link" > Animals & Nature </a> </li> </uL> </li> <li class="header-nav__list-item"> <a href="https://www.thoughtco.com/humanities-4133358" rel="nocaes" class="header-nav__list-item-link" > Humanities </a> <ul class="header-nav__sublist"> <li class="header-nav__sublist-item"> <a href="https://www.thoughtco.com/history-and-culture-4133356" rel="nocaes" class="header-nav__sublist-item-link" > History & Culture </a> </li> <li class="header-nav__sublist-item"> <a href="https://www.thoughtco.com/visual-arts-4132957" rel="nocaes" class="header-nav__sublist-item-link" > Visual Arts </a> </li> <li class="header-nav__sublist-item"> <a href="https://www.thoughtco.com/literature-4133251" rel="nocaes" class="header-nav__sublist-item-link" > Literature </a> </li> <li class="header-nav__sublist-item"> <a href="https://www.thoughtco.com/english-4688281" rel="nocaes" class="header-nav__sublist-item-link" > English </a> </li> <li class="header-nav__sublist-item"> <a href="https://www.thoughtco.com/geography-4133035" rel="nocaes" class="header-nav__sublist-item-link" > Geography </a> </li> <li class="header-nav__sublist-item"> <a href="https://www.thoughtco.com/philosophy-4133025" rel="nocaes" class="header-nav__sublist-item-link" > Philosophy </a> </li> <li class="header-nav__sublist-item"> <a href="https://www.thoughtco.com/issues-4133022" rel="nocaes" class="header-nav__sublist-item-link" > Issues </a> </li> </uL> </li> <li class="header-nav__list-item"> <a href="https://www.thoughtco.com/languages-4133094" rel="nocaes" class="header-nav__list-item-link" > Languages </a> <ul class="header-nav__sublist"> <li class="header-nav__sublist-item"> <a href="https://www.thoughtco.com/esl-4133095" rel="nocaes" class="header-nav__sublist-item-link" > English as a Second Language </a> </li> <li class="header-nav__sublist-item"> <a href="https://www.thoughtco.com/spanish-4133085" rel="nocaes" class="header-nav__sublist-item-link" > Spanish </a> </li> <li class="header-nav__sublist-item"> <a href="https://www.thoughtco.com/french-4133079" rel="nocaes" class="header-nav__sublist-item-link" > French </a> </li> <li class="header-nav__sublist-item"> <a href="https://www.thoughtco.com/german-4133073" rel="nocaes" class="header-nav__sublist-item-link" > German </a> </li> <li class="header-nav__sublist-item"> <a href="https://www.thoughtco.com/italian-4133069" rel="nocaes" class="header-nav__sublist-item-link" > Italian </a> </li> <li class="header-nav__sublist-item"> <a href="https://www.thoughtco.com/japanese-4133062" rel="nocaes" class="header-nav__sublist-item-link" > Japanese </a> </li> <li class="header-nav__sublist-item"> <a href="https://www.thoughtco.com/mandarin-4133057" rel="nocaes" class="header-nav__sublist-item-link" > Mandarin </a> </li> <li class="header-nav__sublist-item"> <a href="https://www.thoughtco.com/russian-4175265" rel="nocaes" class="header-nav__sublist-item-link" > Russian </a> </li> </uL> </li> <li class="header-nav__list-item"> <a href="https://www.thoughtco.com/resources-4132590" rel="nocaes" class="header-nav__list-item-link" > Resources </a> <ul class="header-nav__sublist"> <li class="header-nav__sublist-item"> <a href="https://www.thoughtco.com/for-students-parents-4132588" rel="nocaes" class="header-nav__sublist-item-link" > For Students & Parents </a> </li> <li class="header-nav__sublist-item"> <a href="https://www.thoughtco.com/for-educators-4132509" rel="nocaes" class="header-nav__sublist-item-link" > For Educators </a> </li> <li class="header-nav__sublist-item"> <a href="https://www.thoughtco.com/for-adult-learners-4132469" rel="nocaes" class="header-nav__sublist-item-link" > For Adult Learners </a> </li> </uL> </li> <li class="header-nav__list-item"> <a href="/about-us-4779650" rel="nocaes" class="header-nav__list-item-link" >About Us</a> </li> </ul> </nav> <div id="general-search_1-0" class="comp general-search" data-tracking-container="true"> <button class="search-icon"> <span class="is-vishidden">Search</span> <svg class="icon icon-search " > <use xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="#icon-search" href="#icon-search"></use> </svg> </button> <form class="general-search-form" role="search" action="/search" method="get"> <div class="input-group"> <span class="general-search__close">Close</span> <label for="search-input" class="is-vishidden">Search the site</label> <input type="text" name="q" id="search-input" class="general-search-input" placeholder="Search here..." type="text" required="required" value="" tabindex="-1"> <button class="btn btn-go" tabindex="-1"> <span class="is-vishidden">GO</span> <svg class="icon icon-search " > <use xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="#icon-search" href="#icon-search"></use> </svg> </button> </div> </form> </div> <div class="header-nav-panel"> <nav id="fullscreen-nav_1-0" class="comp fullscreen-nav " role="navigation" data-tracking-container="true"> <ul class="fullscreen-nav-list"> <li class="fullscreen-nav-list-item" tabindex="0"> <div class="fullscreen-nav-title fullscreen-nav-title--science-tech-math" > <div> Science, Tech, Math </div> <svg class="icon icon-caret-down " > <use xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="#icon-caret-down" href="#icon-caret-down"></use> </svg> </div> <ul class="fullscreen-nav-sub"> <li><a href="https://www.thoughtco.com/science-4132464" rel="nocaes" >Science</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.thoughtco.com/math-4133545" rel="nocaes" >Math</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.thoughtco.com/social-sciences-4133522" rel="nocaes" >Social Sciences</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.thoughtco.com/computer-science-4133486" rel="nocaes" >Computer Science</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.thoughtco.com/animals-and-nature-4133421" rel="nocaes" >Animals & Nature</a></li> </uL> </li> <li class="fullscreen-nav-list-item" tabindex="0"> <div class="fullscreen-nav-title fullscreen-nav-title--humanities" > <div> Humanities </div> <svg class="icon icon-caret-down " > <use xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="#icon-caret-down" href="#icon-caret-down"></use> </svg> </div> <ul class="fullscreen-nav-sub"> <li><a href="https://www.thoughtco.com/history-and-culture-4133356" rel="nocaes" >History & Culture</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.thoughtco.com/visual-arts-4132957" rel="nocaes" >Visual Arts</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.thoughtco.com/literature-4133251" rel="nocaes" >Literature</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.thoughtco.com/english-4688281" rel="nocaes" >English</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.thoughtco.com/geography-4133035" rel="nocaes" >Geography</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.thoughtco.com/philosophy-4133025" rel="nocaes" >Philosophy</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.thoughtco.com/issues-4133022" rel="nocaes" >Issues</a></li> </uL> </li> <li class="fullscreen-nav-list-item" tabindex="0"> <div class="fullscreen-nav-title fullscreen-nav-title--languages" > <div> Languages </div> <svg class="icon icon-caret-down " > <use xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="#icon-caret-down" href="#icon-caret-down"></use> </svg> </div> <ul class="fullscreen-nav-sub"> <li><a href="https://www.thoughtco.com/esl-4133095" rel="nocaes" >English as a Second Language</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.thoughtco.com/spanish-4133085" rel="nocaes" >Spanish</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.thoughtco.com/french-4133079" rel="nocaes" >French</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.thoughtco.com/german-4133073" rel="nocaes" >German</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.thoughtco.com/italian-4133069" rel="nocaes" >Italian</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.thoughtco.com/japanese-4133062" rel="nocaes" >Japanese</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.thoughtco.com/mandarin-4133057" rel="nocaes" >Mandarin</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.thoughtco.com/russian-4175265" rel="nocaes" >Russian</a></li> </uL> </li> <li class="fullscreen-nav-list-item" tabindex="0"> <div class="fullscreen-nav-title fullscreen-nav-title--resources" > <div> Resources </div> <svg class="icon icon-caret-down " > <use xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="#icon-caret-down" href="#icon-caret-down"></use> </svg> </div> <ul class="fullscreen-nav-sub"> <li><a href="https://www.thoughtco.com/for-students-parents-4132588" rel="nocaes" >For Students & Parents</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.thoughtco.com/for-educators-4132509" rel="nocaes" >For Educators</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.thoughtco.com/for-adult-learners-4132469" rel="nocaes" >For Adult Learners</a></li> </uL> </li> <li> <ul id="contact-nav_1-0" class="comp contact-nav"> <li class="contact-nav__nav-item"><a href="/about-us-4779650" rel="nocaes" >About Us</a></li> <li class="contact-nav__nav-item"><a href="/about-us-4779650#toc-contact-us" rel="nocaes" >Contact Us</a></li> <li class="contact-nav__nav-item"><a href="/about-us-4779650#toc-editorial-guidelines" rel="nocaes" >Editorial Guidelines</a></li> <li class="contact-nav__nav-item"><a href="https://www.dotdashmeredith.com/brands-privacy" target="_blank" rel="noopener nocaes" >Privacy Policy</a></li> </ul> </li> </uL> </nav> </div> </header><main id="main" class="loc main" role="main"><iframe id="height-change-listener" role="none" tabindex="-1" src="about:blank" aria-hidden="true"></iframe> <div id="skip-to-content" class="jump-link"></div> <div id="hero-complex_1-0" class="comp hero-complex hero-complex--base " style> <div class="hero-complex-body"> <ul id="breadcrumbs_1-0" class="comp breadcrumbs mntl-universal-breadcrumbs mntl-block type--squirrel breadcrumbs" data-tracking-container="true"><li id="mntl-breadcrumbs__item_1-0" class="comp mntl-breadcrumbs__item mntl-block"><a href="https://www.thoughtco.com/sciences-math-4132465" rel="nocaes" id="mntl-text-link_5-0" class="mntl-text-link mntl-breadcrumbs__link" data-tracking-container="true" ><span class="link__wrapper">Science, Tech, Math</span></a> <span id="breadcrumbs__separator_1-0" class="comp breadcrumbs__separator mntl-text-block">›</span></li> <li id="mntl-breadcrumbs__item_2-0" class="comp mntl-breadcrumbs__item mntl-block"><a href="https://www.thoughtco.com/computer-science-4133486" rel="nocaes" id="mntl-text-link_6-0" class="mntl-text-link mntl-breadcrumbs__link" data-tracking-container="true" ><span class="link__wrapper">Computer Science</span></a> <span id="breadcrumbs__separator_2-0" class="comp breadcrumbs__separator mntl-text-block">›</span></li></ul> <h1 class="hero-complex-title">Computer Science</h1> <p class="hero-complex-desc">Computer science is quickly becoming an essential skill in nearly every industry. Whether you're looking to create animations in JavaScript or design a website with HTML and CSS, these tutorials and how-tos will help you get your 1's and 0's in order.</p> </div> <div class="loc hero-complex-img"><img src="https://www.thoughtco.com/thmb/Fs9B8Wo6nR-R7QHmIvKZMrDktBM=/360x0/filters:no_upscale():max_bytes(150000):strip_icc()/tax2_image_computer_science-58a22d1168a0972917bfb539.png" width="360" height="0" class=" universal-image__image" /> </div></div><div class="l-left-sidebar "> <div class="loc sidebar l-sidebar"> <div id="breadcrumbs-list_2-0" class="comp breadcrumbs-list is-full is-expandable " data-tracking-container="true"> <span class="breadcrumbs-list-title"> <a href="https://www.thoughtco.com/computer-science-4133486" rel="nocaes" >Science, Tech, Math</a> </span> <ul class="breadcrumbs-list-list"> <li class="breadcrumbs-list-item empty-submenu"> <a href="https://www.thoughtco.com/php-4133485" rel="nocaes" data-ordinal="1" class="breadcrumbs-list-link" > PHP Programming <svg class="icon icon-caret-right breadcrumbs-list-icon" > <use xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="#icon-caret-right" href="#icon-caret-right"></use> </svg> </a> </li> <li class="breadcrumbs-list-item empty-submenu"> <a href="https://www.thoughtco.com/perl-4133481" rel="nocaes" data-ordinal="2" class="breadcrumbs-list-link" > Perl <svg class="icon icon-caret-right breadcrumbs-list-icon" > <use xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="#icon-caret-right" href="#icon-caret-right"></use> </svg> </a> </li> <li class="breadcrumbs-list-item empty-submenu"> <a href="https://www.thoughtco.com/python-4133477" rel="nocaes" data-ordinal="3" class="breadcrumbs-list-link" > Python <svg class="icon icon-caret-right breadcrumbs-list-icon" > <use xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="#icon-caret-right" href="#icon-caret-right"></use> </svg> </a> </li> <li class="breadcrumbs-list-item empty-submenu"> <a href="https://www.thoughtco.com/java-programming-4133478" rel="nocaes" data-ordinal="4" class="breadcrumbs-list-link" > Java Programming <svg class="icon icon-caret-right breadcrumbs-list-icon" > <use xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="#icon-caret-right" href="#icon-caret-right"></use> </svg> </a> </li> <li class="breadcrumbs-list-item empty-submenu is-collapsed"> <a href="https://www.thoughtco.com/javascript-programming-4133476" rel="nocaes" data-ordinal="5" class="breadcrumbs-list-link" > Javascript Programming <svg class="icon icon-caret-right breadcrumbs-list-icon" > <use xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="#icon-caret-right" href="#icon-caret-right"></use> </svg> </a> </li> <li class="breadcrumbs-list-item empty-submenu is-collapsed"> <a href="https://www.thoughtco.com/delphi-programming-4133475" rel="nocaes" data-ordinal="6" class="breadcrumbs-list-link" > Delphi Programming <svg class="icon icon-caret-right breadcrumbs-list-icon" > <use xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="#icon-caret-right" href="#icon-caret-right"></use> </svg> </a> </li> <li class="breadcrumbs-list-item empty-submenu is-collapsed"> <a href="https://www.thoughtco.com/c-and-c-plus-programming-4133470" rel="nocaes" data-ordinal="7" class="breadcrumbs-list-link" > C & C++ Programming <svg class="icon icon-caret-right breadcrumbs-list-icon" > <use xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="#icon-caret-right" href="#icon-caret-right"></use> </svg> </a> </li> <li class="breadcrumbs-list-item empty-submenu is-collapsed"> <a href="https://www.thoughtco.com/ruby-programming-4133469" rel="nocaes" data-ordinal="8" class="breadcrumbs-list-link" > Ruby Programming <svg class="icon icon-caret-right breadcrumbs-list-icon" > <use xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="#icon-caret-right" href="#icon-caret-right"></use> </svg> </a> </li> <li class="breadcrumbs-list-item empty-submenu is-collapsed"> <a href="https://www.thoughtco.com/visual-basic-4133468" rel="nocaes" data-ordinal="9" class="breadcrumbs-list-link" > Visual Basic <svg class="icon icon-caret-right breadcrumbs-list-icon" > <use xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="#icon-caret-right" href="#icon-caret-right"></use> </svg> </a> </li> </ul> <a href="https://www.thoughtco.com/computer-science-4133486" rel="nocaes" class="text-btn" > <span class="text-btn__text-label">View More</span> <svg class="icon icon-caret-down text-btn-icon" > <use xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="#icon-caret-down" href="#icon-caret-down"></use> </svg> </a></div> </div><div class="loc content l-main"><section id="spotlight_1-0" class="comp spotlight mntl-sc-page right-rail" data-sc-sticky-offset="85" data-sc-breakpoint="50em" data-tracking-container="true" data-sc-content-positions="[1]"><div id="spotlight-core_1-0" class="comp spotlight-core standard-spotlight-blocks spotlight-blocks mntl-block"><div id="spotlight-block-item_1-0" class="comp spotlight-block-item mntl-block"><a id="hero-block_1-0" class="comp hero-block block block-large " data-doc-id href="https://www.thoughtco.com/best-resources-for-learning-to-code-online-4140687"> <div class="loc block-media"><div class="img-placeholder" style="padding-bottom:66.6%;"> <img data-src="https://www.thoughtco.com/thmb/Nxvkfv-Aqj3e0Wn3YRi6r6Z8Cpg=/570x380/filters:no_upscale():max_bytes(150000):strip_icc()/GettyImages-586924697-592c9ffa5f9b58595093fbcf-e9237786b3504d5f9b7bb1be29d177cb.jpg" width="570" height="380" alt="Computer with code language on the screen" class="lazyload universal-image__image" data-expand="300" /> <noscript> <img src="https://www.thoughtco.com/thmb/Nxvkfv-Aqj3e0Wn3YRi6r6Z8Cpg=/570x380/filters:no_upscale():max_bytes(150000):strip_icc()/GettyImages-586924697-592c9ffa5f9b58595093fbcf-e9237786b3504d5f9b7bb1be29d177cb.jpg" width="570" height="380" class="img--noscript universal-image__image" alt="Computer with code language on the screen" /> </noscript> </div> </div> <div class="block-content"> <div class="block-kicker" data-kicker="Computer Science"></div> <span class="block-title">6 Best Learn-to-Code Resources Online</span> </div> </a></div> <div id="spotlight-secondary_1-0" class="comp spotlight-secondary mntl-block"><div id="secondary-blocks_1-0" class="comp secondary-blocks mntl-block"><a id="secondary_1-0" class="comp secondary block no-image" data-doc-id href="https://www.thoughtco.com/what-is-a-cms-theme-756600"> <div class="block-content"> <div class="block-kicker" data-kicker="Computer Science"></div> <span class="block-title">What Is a CMS "Theme"?</span> </div> </a></div> <div id="secondary-blocks_2-0" class="comp secondary-blocks mntl-block"><a id="secondary_2-0" class="comp secondary block no-image" data-doc-id href="https://www.thoughtco.com/build-3-column-layout-in-css-3467087"> <div class="block-content"> <div class="block-kicker" data-kicker="Computer Science"></div> <span class="block-title">How to Build a 3-Column Layout in CSS</span> </div> </a></div></div></div> <div class="spotlight-billboard"> <div id="ref-billboard1-sticky_1-0" class="comp ref-billboard1-sticky mntl-block" data-parent=".spotlight"><div id="mm-ads-sc-sticky-square-ad_1-0" class="comp mm-ads-sc-sticky-square-ad mm-ads-squareFlex1-sticky mm-ads-sc-sticky-square scads-to-load right-rail__item" data-height="650" style="height: 650px;"><div id="mm-ads-sc-sticky-square-ad_2-0" class="comp mm-ads-sc-sticky-square-ad mm-ads-square mm-ads-gpt-adunit gpt square "> <div id="square-flex-1" class="wrapper" ></div> </div></div></div> </div> </section> <section id="article-list_1-0" class="comp article-list" data-tracking-container="true"> <div class="loc content section-body"><div id="block-list_1-0" class="comp block-list mntl-block g g-four-up"><li id="block-list-item_1-0" class="comp block-list-item mntl-block g-item"><a id="block_1-0" class="comp block block-small " data-doc-id="4005405" href="https://www.thoughtco.com/web-design-certifications-4005405" data-ordinal="1"> <div class="loc block-media"><div class="img-placeholder" style="padding-bottom:66.6%;"> <img data-src="https://www.thoughtco.com/thmb/hkRnt9wsBDGLUNcnS6RXrLA4trg=/219x146/filters:no_upscale():max_bytes(150000):strip_icc()/focused-young-woman-working-at-laptop-in-office-769719673-5b4c1e68c9e77c0037206b16.jpg" width="219" height="146" alt="Focused young woman working at laptop in office" class="lazyload universal-image__image" data-expand="300" /> <noscript> <img src="https://www.thoughtco.com/thmb/hkRnt9wsBDGLUNcnS6RXrLA4trg=/219x146/filters:no_upscale():max_bytes(150000):strip_icc()/focused-young-woman-working-at-laptop-in-office-769719673-5b4c1e68c9e77c0037206b16.jpg" width="219" height="146" class="img--noscript universal-image__image" alt="Focused young woman working at laptop in office" /> </noscript> </div> </div> <div class="block-content"> <div class="block-kicker" data-kicker="Computer Science"></div> <span class="block-title">Web Design Certifications</span> </div> </a></li> <li id="block-list-item_2-0" class="comp block-list-item mntl-block g-item"><a id="block_2-0" class="comp block block-small " data-doc-id="2654720" href="https://www.thoughtco.com/add-jpg-or-gif-images-to-web-sites-2654720" data-ordinal="2"> <div class="loc block-media"><div class="img-placeholder" style="padding-bottom:66.6%;"> <img data-src="https://www.thoughtco.com/thmb/NlYhpHEqJalYaJQSLtlDOu3CGjw=/219x146/filters:no_upscale():max_bytes(150000):strip_icc()/183755029-56b34ed23df78cdfa004b447-5c7d688cc9e77c0001d19d92.jpg" width="219" height="146" alt="Uploading image screenshot of progress bar" class="lazyload universal-image__image" data-expand="300" /> <noscript> <img src="https://www.thoughtco.com/thmb/NlYhpHEqJalYaJQSLtlDOu3CGjw=/219x146/filters:no_upscale():max_bytes(150000):strip_icc()/183755029-56b34ed23df78cdfa004b447-5c7d688cc9e77c0001d19d92.jpg" width="219" height="146" class="img--noscript universal-image__image" alt="Uploading image screenshot of progress bar" /> </noscript> </div> </div> <div class="block-content"> <div class="block-kicker" data-kicker="Computer Science"></div> <span class="block-title">How to Upload a Photo to Your Website</span> </div> </a></li> <li id="block-list-item_3-0" class="comp block-list-item mntl-block g-item"><a id="block_3-0" class="comp block block-small " data-doc-id="4775550" href="https://www.thoughtco.com/what-is-responsive-web-design-4775550" data-ordinal="3"> <div class="loc block-media"><div class="img-placeholder" style="padding-bottom:66.6%;"> <img data-src="https://www.thoughtco.com/thmb/xgbAGWGsJLNQ5i6yvHtX_H7PQYo=/219x146/filters:no_upscale():max_bytes(150000):strip_icc()/GettyImages-508079787-b2a15dcbe6b544c994353287edf65ccc.jpg" width="219" height="146" alt="Group talking over multiple devices showing the same website" class="lazyload universal-image__image" data-expand="300" /> <noscript> <img src="https://www.thoughtco.com/thmb/xgbAGWGsJLNQ5i6yvHtX_H7PQYo=/219x146/filters:no_upscale():max_bytes(150000):strip_icc()/GettyImages-508079787-b2a15dcbe6b544c994353287edf65ccc.jpg" width="219" height="146" class="img--noscript universal-image__image" alt="Group talking over multiple devices showing the same website" /> </noscript> </div> </div> <div class="block-content"> <div class="block-kicker" data-kicker="Computer Science"></div> <span class="block-title">What Is Responsive Web Design?</span> </div> </a></li> <li id="block-list-item_4-0" class="comp block-list-item mntl-block g-item"><a id="block_4-0" class="comp block block-small " data-doc-id="4692732" href="https://www.thoughtco.com/add-google-map-to-web-page-4692732" data-ordinal="4"> <div class="loc block-media"><div class="img-placeholder" style="padding-bottom:66.6%;"> <img data-src="https://www.thoughtco.com/thmb/IwGZ_Zk338ieKMj65BIiqdhKjQY=/219x146/filters:no_upscale():max_bytes(150000):strip_icc()/navidad-56a941f95f9b58b7d0f9b3f0-0cefab516f8044eabca8624909591b23.png" width="219" height="146" alt="Google Maps image of Manhattan" class="lazyload universal-image__image" data-expand="300" /> <noscript> <img src="https://www.thoughtco.com/thmb/IwGZ_Zk338ieKMj65BIiqdhKjQY=/219x146/filters:no_upscale():max_bytes(150000):strip_icc()/navidad-56a941f95f9b58b7d0f9b3f0-0cefab516f8044eabca8624909591b23.png" width="219" height="146" class="img--noscript universal-image__image" alt="Google Maps image of Manhattan" /> </noscript> </div> </div> <div class="block-content"> <div class="block-kicker" data-kicker="Computer Science"></div> <span class="block-title">How to Add a Google Map to a Web Page With API</span> </div> </a></li> <li id="block-list-item_5-0" class="comp block-list-item mntl-block g-item"><a id="block_5-0" class="comp block block-small " data-doc-id="4684926" href="https://www.thoughtco.com/responsive-vs-adaptive-web-design-4684926" data-ordinal="5"> <div class="loc block-media"><div class="img-placeholder" style="padding-bottom:66.6%;"> <img data-src="https://www.thoughtco.com/thmb/yRkn2WnnVkLvm8vMI15vUJFAU7M=/219x146/filters:no_upscale():max_bytes(150000):strip_icc()/Responsive-vs-adaptive-web-design-f34b08641c2842efb8e99d69981ba37c.png" width="219" height="146" alt="Illustration showing responsive vs. adaptive web design" class="lazyload universal-image__image" data-expand="300" /> <noscript> <img src="https://www.thoughtco.com/thmb/yRkn2WnnVkLvm8vMI15vUJFAU7M=/219x146/filters:no_upscale():max_bytes(150000):strip_icc()/Responsive-vs-adaptive-web-design-f34b08641c2842efb8e99d69981ba37c.png" width="219" height="146" class="img--noscript universal-image__image" alt="Illustration showing responsive vs. adaptive web design" /> </noscript> </div> </div> <div class="block-content"> <div class="block-kicker" data-kicker="Computer Science"></div> <span class="block-title">Responsive vs. Adaptive Web Design</span> </div> </a></li> <li id="block-list-item_6-0" class="comp block-list-item mntl-block g-item"><a id="block_6-0" class="comp block block-small " data-doc-id="4172339" href="https://www.thoughtco.com/popular-programming-languages-for-work-4172339" data-ordinal="6"> <div class="loc block-media"><div class="img-placeholder" style="padding-bottom:66.6%;"> <img data-src="https://www.thoughtco.com/thmb/cMd3bvsv0B6A-elqMsVXoPtOvQs=/219x146/filters:no_upscale():max_bytes(150000):strip_icc()/GettyImages-502197407-5b48e61bc9e77c0037f62f2d.jpg" width="219" height="146" alt="programming languages to help you land that job" class="lazyload universal-image__image" data-expand="300" /> <noscript> <img src="https://www.thoughtco.com/thmb/cMd3bvsv0B6A-elqMsVXoPtOvQs=/219x146/filters:no_upscale():max_bytes(150000):strip_icc()/GettyImages-502197407-5b48e61bc9e77c0037f62f2d.jpg" width="219" height="146" class="img--noscript universal-image__image" alt="programming languages to help you land that job" /> </noscript> </div> </div> <div class="block-content"> <div class="block-kicker" data-kicker="Computer Science"></div> <span class="block-title">Programming Languages to Help You Land That Job</span> </div> </a></li> <li id="block-list-item_7-0" class="comp block-list-item mntl-block g-item"><a id="block_7-0" class="comp block block-small " data-doc-id="4172097" href="https://www.thoughtco.com/best-programming-languages-for-beginners-4172097" data-ordinal="7"> <div class="loc block-media"><div class="img-placeholder" style="padding-bottom:66.6%;"> <img data-src="https://www.thoughtco.com/thmb/4ba7aBizRLYnW10-Y-aVJkyN1mY=/219x146/filters:no_upscale():max_bytes(150000):strip_icc()/GettyImages-755651077-5b3fedf646e0fb005bc0269e.jpg" width="219" height="146" alt="Two people looking at code on notebook computer screen." class="lazyload universal-image__image" data-expand="300" /> <noscript> <img src="https://www.thoughtco.com/thmb/4ba7aBizRLYnW10-Y-aVJkyN1mY=/219x146/filters:no_upscale():max_bytes(150000):strip_icc()/GettyImages-755651077-5b3fedf646e0fb005bc0269e.jpg" width="219" height="146" class="img--noscript universal-image__image" alt="Two people looking at code on notebook computer screen." /> </noscript> </div> </div> <div class="block-content"> <div class="block-kicker" data-kicker="Computer Science"></div> <span class="block-title">The 7 Best Programming Languages to Learn for Beginners</span> </div> </a></li> <li id="block-list-item_8-0" class="comp block-list-item mntl-block g-item"><a id="block_8-0" class="comp block block-small " data-doc-id="4140413" href="https://www.thoughtco.com/web-design-careers-4140413" data-ordinal="8"> <div class="loc block-media"><div class="img-placeholder" style="padding-bottom:66.6%;"> <img data-src="https://www.thoughtco.com/thmb/PjUx6dIfwmvxhKYDghaqqb_JsO0=/219x146/filters:no_upscale():max_bytes(150000):strip_icc()/GettyImages-184110047-5949b6345f9b58d58a032c7d.jpg" width="219" height="146" alt="Web Design" class="lazyload universal-image__image" data-expand="300" /> <noscript> <img src="https://www.thoughtco.com/thmb/PjUx6dIfwmvxhKYDghaqqb_JsO0=/219x146/filters:no_upscale():max_bytes(150000):strip_icc()/GettyImages-184110047-5949b6345f9b58d58a032c7d.jpg" width="219" height="146" class="img--noscript universal-image__image" alt="Web Design" /> </noscript> </div> </div> <div class="block-content"> <div class="block-kicker" data-kicker="Computer Science"></div> <span class="block-title">How to Start a Career in Web Design</span> </div> </a></li> <li id="block-list-item_9-0" class="comp block-list-item mntl-block g-item"><a id="block_9-0" class="comp block block-small " data-doc-id="4140405" href="https://www.thoughtco.com/web-design-basics-4140405" data-ordinal="9"> <div class="loc block-media"><div class="img-placeholder" style="padding-bottom:66.6%;"> <img data-src="https://www.thoughtco.com/thmb/jK21w3-5HLDL1FbEvzSuZXSQGUE=/219x146/filters:no_upscale():max_bytes(150000):strip_icc()/GettyImages-562451697-5772ffb25f9b5858753473c3.jpg" width="219" height="146" alt="female web developer working on computer" class="lazyload universal-image__image" data-expand="300" /> <noscript> <img src="https://www.thoughtco.com/thmb/jK21w3-5HLDL1FbEvzSuZXSQGUE=/219x146/filters:no_upscale():max_bytes(150000):strip_icc()/GettyImages-562451697-5772ffb25f9b5858753473c3.jpg" width="219" height="146" class="img--noscript universal-image__image" alt="female web developer working on computer" /> </noscript> </div> </div> <div class="block-content"> <div class="block-kicker" data-kicker="Computer Science"></div> <span class="block-title">Learning the Basics of Web Design</span> </div> </a></li> <li id="block-list-item_10-0" class="comp block-list-item mntl-block g-item"><a id="block_10-0" class="comp block block-small " data-doc-id="4136178" href="https://www.thoughtco.com/width-calculations-responsive-site-4136178" data-ordinal="10"> <div class="loc block-media"><div class="img-placeholder" style="padding-bottom:66.6%;"> <img data-src="https://www.thoughtco.com/thmb/CPvycQe20pamUKkde-BjPsPoVCA=/219x146/filters:no_upscale():max_bytes(150000):strip_icc()/GettyImages-1061328872-e2ad8c47a8ed4e23a46999635be12315.jpg" width="219" height="146" alt="The same website shown on 4 different sized devices" class="lazyload universal-image__image" data-expand="300" /> <noscript> <img src="https://www.thoughtco.com/thmb/CPvycQe20pamUKkde-BjPsPoVCA=/219x146/filters:no_upscale():max_bytes(150000):strip_icc()/GettyImages-1061328872-e2ad8c47a8ed4e23a46999635be12315.jpg" width="219" height="146" class="img--noscript universal-image__image" alt="The same website shown on 4 different sized devices" /> </noscript> </div> </div> <div class="block-content"> <div class="block-kicker" data-kicker="Computer Science"></div> <span class="block-title">How Percentages Work for Width Calculations in a Responsive Website</span> </div> </a></li> <li id="block-list-item_11-0" class="comp block-list-item mntl-block g-item"><a id="block_11-0" class="comp block block-small " data-doc-id="4122888" href="https://www.thoughtco.com/add-sound-dreamweaver-4122888" data-ordinal="11"> <div class="loc block-media"><div class="img-placeholder" style="padding-bottom:66.6%;"> <img data-src="https://www.thoughtco.com/thmb/0X0ynWdtYxwVI3eCvBE4werQS5k=/219x146/filters:no_upscale():max_bytes(150000):strip_icc()/GettyImages-157186702-6946711c47c841d4b6f9f2ee44e11dc3.jpg" width="219" height="146" alt="3D rendered musical note background" class="lazyload universal-image__image" data-expand="300" /> <noscript> <img src="https://www.thoughtco.com/thmb/0X0ynWdtYxwVI3eCvBE4werQS5k=/219x146/filters:no_upscale():max_bytes(150000):strip_icc()/GettyImages-157186702-6946711c47c841d4b6f9f2ee44e11dc3.jpg" width="219" height="146" class="img--noscript universal-image__image" alt="3D rendered musical note background" /> </noscript> </div> </div> <div class="block-content"> <div class="block-kicker" data-kicker="Computer Science"></div> <span class="block-title">How to Add Sound in Dreamweaver</span> </div> </a></li> <li id="block-list-item_12-0" class="comp block-list-item mntl-block g-item"><a id="block_12-0" class="comp block block-small " data-doc-id="4091916" href="https://www.thoughtco.com/introducing-the-select-statement-4091916" data-ordinal="12"> <div class="loc block-media"><div class="img-placeholder" style="padding-bottom:66.6%;"> <img data-src="https://www.thoughtco.com/thmb/SxiEXccJ-vqwOXruHELOiH2tZHo=/219x146/filters:no_upscale():max_bytes(150000):strip_icc()/programming-language-174616627-5a5ae85b4e46ba0037bff939.jpg" width="219" height="146" alt="Programming language" class="lazyload universal-image__image" data-expand="300" /> <noscript> <img src="https://www.thoughtco.com/thmb/SxiEXccJ-vqwOXruHELOiH2tZHo=/219x146/filters:no_upscale():max_bytes(150000):strip_icc()/programming-language-174616627-5a5ae85b4e46ba0037bff939.jpg" width="219" height="146" class="img--noscript universal-image__image" alt="Programming language" /> </noscript> </div> </div> <div class="block-content"> <div class="block-kicker" data-kicker="Computer Science"></div> <span class="block-title">Retrieving Data with SQL Queries: Introducing the SELECT Statement</span> </div> </a></li> <li id="block-list-item_13-0" class="comp block-list-item mntl-block g-item"><a id="block_13-0" class="comp block block-small " data-doc-id="4091601" href="https://www.thoughtco.com/glow-effects-with-css3-p2-4091601" data-ordinal="13"> <div class="loc block-media"><div class="img-placeholder" style="padding-bottom:66.6%;"> <img data-src="https://www.thoughtco.com/thmb/A5hSuMjDh5czT7q6CdZJG6DZs8g=/219x146/filters:no_upscale():max_bytes(150000):strip_icc()/abstract-golden-light-bokeh-background-826747280-5a5aa136da271500371c6b01.jpg" width="219" height="146" alt="Abstract golden light bokeh background" class="lazyload universal-image__image" data-expand="300" /> <noscript> <img src="https://www.thoughtco.com/thmb/A5hSuMjDh5czT7q6CdZJG6DZs8g=/219x146/filters:no_upscale():max_bytes(150000):strip_icc()/abstract-golden-light-bokeh-background-826747280-5a5aa136da271500371c6b01.jpg" width="219" height="146" class="img--noscript universal-image__image" alt="Abstract golden light bokeh background" /> </noscript> </div> </div> <div class="block-content"> <div class="block-kicker" data-kicker="Computer Science"></div> <span class="block-title">Learn How to Add Glow Effects Quickly and Easily With CSS3</span> </div> </a></li> <li id="block-list-item_14-0" class="comp block-list-item mntl-block g-item"><a id="block_14-0" class="comp block block-small " data-doc-id="4086381" href="https://www.thoughtco.com/micrsoft-publisher-2010-4086381" data-ordinal="14"> <div class="loc block-media"><div class="img-placeholder" style="padding-bottom:66.6%;"> <img data-src="https://www.thoughtco.com/thmb/CJw0g_4aOcXf4HyknNUz7cO-c2w=/219x146/filters:no_upscale():max_bytes(150000):strip_icc()/birthday-card-with-people-in-background-664652769-57e2b3ce5f9b586c35154d58.jpg" width="219" height="146" alt="Birthday card with people in background" class="lazyload universal-image__image" data-expand="300" /> <noscript> <img src="https://www.thoughtco.com/thmb/CJw0g_4aOcXf4HyknNUz7cO-c2w=/219x146/filters:no_upscale():max_bytes(150000):strip_icc()/birthday-card-with-people-in-background-664652769-57e2b3ce5f9b586c35154d58.jpg" width="219" height="146" class="img--noscript universal-image__image" alt="Birthday card with people in background" /> </noscript> </div> </div> <div class="block-content"> <div class="block-kicker" data-kicker="Computer Science"></div> <span class="block-title">How to Create a Greeting Card in Microsoft Publisher</span> </div> </a></li> <li id="block-list-item_15-0" class="comp block-list-item mntl-block g-item"><a id="block_15-0" class="comp block block-small " data-doc-id="4072206" href="https://www.thoughtco.com/images-not-loading-4072206" data-ordinal="15"> <div class="loc block-media"><div class="img-placeholder" style="padding-bottom:66.6%;"> <img data-src="https://www.thoughtco.com/thmb/z3L6u87JwdDy2reI2ba1lgfs1co=/219x146/filters:no_upscale():max_bytes(150000):strip_icc()/images-not-loading-4072206-7a285a9f474f4f2896c33b7f8efda969.png" width="219" height="146" alt="Frustrated person upset that images are not loading on a website" class="lazyload universal-image__image" data-expand="300" /> <noscript> <img src="https://www.thoughtco.com/thmb/z3L6u87JwdDy2reI2ba1lgfs1co=/219x146/filters:no_upscale():max_bytes(150000):strip_icc()/images-not-loading-4072206-7a285a9f474f4f2896c33b7f8efda969.png" width="219" height="146" class="img--noscript universal-image__image" alt="Frustrated person upset that images are not loading on a website" /> </noscript> </div> </div> <div class="block-content"> <div class="block-kicker" data-kicker="Computer Science"></div> <span class="block-title">7 Reasons Why Images Are Not Loading on Your Website</span> </div> </a></li> <li id="block-list-item_16-0" class="comp block-list-item mntl-block g-item"><a id="block_16-0" class="comp block block-small " data-doc-id="4062226" href="https://www.thoughtco.com/html-codes-romanian-characters-4062226" data-ordinal="16"> <div class="loc block-media"><div class="img-placeholder" style="padding-bottom:66.6%;"> <img data-src="https://www.thoughtco.com/thmb/JMzXovP19B0pwPaPi8-GO1SdS_A=/219x146/filters:no_upscale():max_bytes(150000):strip_icc()/AdobeStock_42697386-578d15695f9b584d2002647a.jpeg" width="219" height="146" alt="Romanian flag" class="lazyload universal-image__image" data-expand="300" /> <noscript> <img src="https://www.thoughtco.com/thmb/JMzXovP19B0pwPaPi8-GO1SdS_A=/219x146/filters:no_upscale():max_bytes(150000):strip_icc()/AdobeStock_42697386-578d15695f9b584d2002647a.jpeg" width="219" height="146" class="img--noscript universal-image__image" alt="Romanian flag" /> </noscript> </div> </div> <div class="block-content"> <div class="block-kicker" data-kicker="Computer Science"></div> <span class="block-title">Get HTML Codes for Romanian Language Characters</span> </div> </a></li> <li id="block-list-item_17-0" class="comp block-list-item mntl-block g-item"><a id="block_17-0" class="comp block block-small " data-doc-id="4062212" href="https://www.thoughtco.com/html-codes-greek-characters-4062212" data-ordinal="17"> <div class="loc block-media"><div class="img-placeholder" style="padding-bottom:66.6%;"> <img data-src="https://www.thoughtco.com/thmb/bJQ2ZZgIiI--XLY65L2WgnLFRPA=/219x146/filters:no_upscale():max_bytes(150000):strip_icc()/258077_7676-56a5fae73df78cf7728ac3cd.jpg" width="219" height="146" alt="Greek letters in blocks on a pile" class="lazyload universal-image__image" data-expand="300" /> <noscript> <img src="https://www.thoughtco.com/thmb/bJQ2ZZgIiI--XLY65L2WgnLFRPA=/219x146/filters:no_upscale():max_bytes(150000):strip_icc()/258077_7676-56a5fae73df78cf7728ac3cd.jpg" width="219" height="146" class="img--noscript universal-image__image" alt="Greek letters in blocks on a pile" /> </noscript> </div> </div> <div class="block-content"> <div class="block-kicker" data-kicker="Computer Science"></div> <span class="block-title">How to Get HTML Codes for Greek Language Characters</span> </div> </a></li> <li id="block-list-item_18-0" class="comp block-list-item mntl-block g-item"><a id="block_18-0" class="comp block block-small " data-doc-id="4062211" href="https://www.thoughtco.com/html-codes-french-characters-4062211" data-ordinal="18"> <div class="loc block-media"><div class="img-placeholder" style="padding-bottom:66.6%;"> <img data-src="https://www.thoughtco.com/thmb/pBz6K3EPF4rAHN5a8wwymilKo_c=/219x146/filters:no_upscale():max_bytes(150000):strip_icc()/wood-block-letters-spelling--fran-ais---white-background-928023852-9a8dc29ccfc3409c9a8a24737d15a8c0.jpg" width="219" height="146" alt="Wood block letters spelling 'Français'" class="lazyload universal-image__image" data-expand="300" /> <noscript> <img src="https://www.thoughtco.com/thmb/pBz6K3EPF4rAHN5a8wwymilKo_c=/219x146/filters:no_upscale():max_bytes(150000):strip_icc()/wood-block-letters-spelling--fran-ais---white-background-928023852-9a8dc29ccfc3409c9a8a24737d15a8c0.jpg" width="219" height="146" class="img--noscript universal-image__image" alt="Wood block letters spelling 'Français'" /> </noscript> </div> </div> <div class="block-content"> <div class="block-kicker" data-kicker="Computer Science"></div> <span class="block-title">HTML Codes for French Language Characters</span> </div> </a></li> <li id="block-list-item_19-0" class="comp block-list-item mntl-block g-item"><a id="block_19-0" class="comp block block-small " data-doc-id="4062206" href="https://www.thoughtco.com/html-codes-german-characters-4062206" data-ordinal="19"> <div class="loc block-media"><div class="img-placeholder" style="padding-bottom:66.6%;"> <img data-src="https://www.thoughtco.com/thmb/bWukY8KGbfgK5caOh8Md8tREoQ4=/219x146/filters:no_upscale():max_bytes(150000):strip_icc()/AdobeStock_62198618-578d16c05f9b584d20027d36.jpeg" width="219" height="146" alt="German flag" class="lazyload universal-image__image" data-expand="300" /> <noscript> <img src="https://www.thoughtco.com/thmb/bWukY8KGbfgK5caOh8Md8tREoQ4=/219x146/filters:no_upscale():max_bytes(150000):strip_icc()/AdobeStock_62198618-578d16c05f9b584d20027d36.jpeg" width="219" height="146" class="img--noscript universal-image__image" alt="German flag" /> </noscript> </div> </div> <div class="block-content"> <div class="block-kicker" data-kicker="Computer Science"></div> <span class="block-title">How to Employ HTML Codes for German Language Characters</span> </div> </a></li> <li id="block-list-item_20-0" class="comp block-list-item mntl-block g-item"><a id="block_20-0" class="comp block block-small " data-doc-id="4062194" href="https://www.thoughtco.com/html-codes-spanish-characters-4062194" data-ordinal="20"> <div class="loc block-media"><div class="img-placeholder" style="padding-bottom:66.6%;"> <img data-src="https://www.thoughtco.com/thmb/Ww0rtK7M4hFTYsD-t9ni27UPrGM=/219x146/filters:no_upscale():max_bytes(150000):strip_icc()/GettyImages-160526999-5a41354a7d4be80036cb5ddb.jpg" width="219" height="146" alt="Journalist watches Mariano Rajoy&#39;s conference on a TV screen" class="lazyload universal-image__image" data-expand="300" /> <noscript> <img src="https://www.thoughtco.com/thmb/Ww0rtK7M4hFTYsD-t9ni27UPrGM=/219x146/filters:no_upscale():max_bytes(150000):strip_icc()/GettyImages-160526999-5a41354a7d4be80036cb5ddb.jpg" width="219" height="146" class="img--noscript universal-image__image" alt="Journalist watches Mariano Rajoy&#39;s conference on a TV screen" /> </noscript> </div> </div> <div class="block-content"> <div class="block-kicker" data-kicker="Computer Science"></div> <span class="block-title">HTML Codes for Spanish Language Characters</span> </div> </a></li> <li id="block-list-item_21-0" class="comp block-list-item mntl-block g-item"><a id="block_21-0" class="comp block block-small " data-doc-id="4062177" href="https://www.thoughtco.com/visual-color-symbolism-chart-by-culture-4062177" data-ordinal="21"> <div class="loc block-media"><div class="img-placeholder" style="padding-bottom:66.6%;"> <img data-src="https://www.thoughtco.com/thmb/bz3hXZ8EKxm1MjWeWbVygS1qoTM=/219x146/filters:no_upscale():max_bytes(150000):strip_icc()/GettyImages-81712377-5a5182f6842b170037285e72.jpg" width="219" height="146" alt="Paint swatches" class="lazyload universal-image__image" data-expand="300" /> <noscript> <img src="https://www.thoughtco.com/thmb/bz3hXZ8EKxm1MjWeWbVygS1qoTM=/219x146/filters:no_upscale():max_bytes(150000):strip_icc()/GettyImages-81712377-5a5182f6842b170037285e72.jpg" width="219" height="146" class="img--noscript universal-image__image" alt="Paint swatches" /> </noscript> </div> </div> <div class="block-content"> <div class="block-kicker" data-kicker="Computer Science"></div> <span class="block-title">Visual Color Symbolism Chart by Culture</span> </div> </a></li> <li id="block-list-item_22-0" class="comp block-list-item mntl-block g-item"><a id="block_22-0" class="comp block block-small " data-doc-id="4061363" href="https://www.thoughtco.com/contrasting-foreground-background-colors-4061363" data-ordinal="22"> <div class="loc block-media"><div class="img-placeholder" style="padding-bottom:66.6%;"> <img data-src="https://www.thoughtco.com/thmb/lMROa8g--fQ476WCc2T1HLQuEDk=/219x146/filters:no_upscale():max_bytes(150000):strip_icc()/Color-Contrast-Chart-59091b973df78c9283e31928.jpg" width="219" height="146" alt="Color contrast table" class="lazyload universal-image__image" data-expand="300" /> <noscript> <img src="https://www.thoughtco.com/thmb/lMROa8g--fQ476WCc2T1HLQuEDk=/219x146/filters:no_upscale():max_bytes(150000):strip_icc()/Color-Contrast-Chart-59091b973df78c9283e31928.jpg" width="219" height="146" class="img--noscript universal-image__image" alt="Color contrast table" /> </noscript> </div> </div> <div class="block-content"> <div class="block-kicker" data-kicker="Computer Science"></div> <span class="block-title">How to Contrast Background and Foreground Colors in Web Design</span> </div> </a></li> <li id="block-list-item_23-0" class="comp block-list-item mntl-block g-item"><a id="block_23-0" class="comp block block-small " data-doc-id="4053898" href="https://www.thoughtco.com/using-css-columns-instead-of-floats-4053898" data-ordinal="23"> <div class="loc block-media"><div class="img-placeholder" style="padding-bottom:66.6%;"> <img data-src="https://www.thoughtco.com/thmb/_N3Pamg-xhR84IsdE0Jl7eM-z-o=/219x146/filters:no_upscale():max_bytes(150000):strip_icc()/GettyImages-124267696-5b6727f346e0fb002521bc1a.jpg" width="219" height="146" alt="Evenly spaced columns of the State Education Building in Albany, NY" class="lazyload universal-image__image" data-expand="300" /> <noscript> <img src="https://www.thoughtco.com/thmb/_N3Pamg-xhR84IsdE0Jl7eM-z-o=/219x146/filters:no_upscale():max_bytes(150000):strip_icc()/GettyImages-124267696-5b6727f346e0fb002521bc1a.jpg" width="219" height="146" class="img--noscript universal-image__image" alt="Evenly spaced columns of the State Education Building in Albany, NY" /> </noscript> </div> </div> <div class="block-content"> <div class="block-kicker" data-kicker="Computer Science"></div> <span class="block-title">How to Use CSS Columns for Multi-Column Website Layouts</span> </div> </a></li> <li id="block-list-item_24-0" class="comp block-list-item mntl-block g-item"><a id="block_24-0" class="comp block block-small " data-doc-id="4034344" href="https://www.thoughtco.com/free-online-logo-makers-4034344" data-ordinal="24"> <div class="loc block-media"><div class="img-placeholder" style="padding-bottom:66.6%;"> <img data-src="https://www.thoughtco.com/thmb/-kivFrkFnirsiiF9wot_OSQwtx8=/219x146/filters:no_upscale():max_bytes(150000):strip_icc()/logomaker-58b5a0735f9b5860468a8549.jpg" width="219" height="146" alt="Screenshot of the LogoMakr free logo maker workspace" class="lazyload universal-image__image" data-expand="300" /> <noscript> <img src="https://www.thoughtco.com/thmb/-kivFrkFnirsiiF9wot_OSQwtx8=/219x146/filters:no_upscale():max_bytes(150000):strip_icc()/logomaker-58b5a0735f9b5860468a8549.jpg" width="219" height="146" class="img--noscript universal-image__image" alt="Screenshot of the LogoMakr free logo maker workspace" /> </noscript> </div> </div> <div class="block-content"> <div class="block-kicker" data-kicker="Computer Science"></div> <span class="block-title">8 Best Free Online Logo Makers</span> </div> </a></li> <li id="block-list-item_25-0" class="comp block-list-item mntl-block g-item"><a id="block_25-0" class="comp block block-small " data-doc-id="3971954" href="https://www.thoughtco.com/find-blogs-on-the-web-3971954" data-ordinal="25"> <div class="loc block-media"><div class="img-placeholder" style="padding-bottom:66.6%;"> <img data-src="https://www.thoughtco.com/thmb/324d9en-Xn9RyfVG8uYGioyOT1Q=/219x146/filters:no_upscale():max_bytes(150000):strip_icc()/GettyImages-974683580-da68f71779264a1ab93a91df63cc517c.jpg" width="219" height="146" alt="Blogging illustration" class="lazyload universal-image__image" data-expand="300" /> <noscript> <img src="https://www.thoughtco.com/thmb/324d9en-Xn9RyfVG8uYGioyOT1Q=/219x146/filters:no_upscale():max_bytes(150000):strip_icc()/GettyImages-974683580-da68f71779264a1ab93a91df63cc517c.jpg" width="219" height="146" class="img--noscript universal-image__image" alt="Blogging illustration" /> </noscript> </div> </div> <div class="block-content"> <div class="block-kicker" data-kicker="Computer Science"></div> <span class="block-title">How to Find Blogs You'll Enjoy</span> </div> </a></li> <li id="block-list-item_26-0" class="comp block-list-item mntl-block g-item"><a id="block_26-0" class="comp block block-small " data-doc-id="3969593" href="https://www.thoughtco.com/trim-vs-live-area-page-layout-3969593" data-ordinal="26"> <div class="loc block-media"><div class="img-placeholder" style="padding-bottom:66.6%;"> <img data-src="https://www.thoughtco.com/thmb/30attXBImrVS0qz-KCmJIRR28u4=/219x146/filters:no_upscale():max_bytes(150000):strip_icc()/workers-in-a-printing-factory-838451096-5b1bfa623418c60036b28859.jpg" width="219" height="146" alt="Workers in a printing factory" class="lazyload universal-image__image" data-expand="300" /> <noscript> <img src="https://www.thoughtco.com/thmb/30attXBImrVS0qz-KCmJIRR28u4=/219x146/filters:no_upscale():max_bytes(150000):strip_icc()/workers-in-a-printing-factory-838451096-5b1bfa623418c60036b28859.jpg" width="219" height="146" class="img--noscript universal-image__image" alt="Workers in a printing factory" /> </noscript> </div> </div> <div class="block-content"> <div class="block-kicker" data-kicker="Computer Science"></div> <span class="block-title">Trim Area and Live Area in Page Layout</span> </div> </a></li> <li id="block-list-item_27-0" class="comp block-list-item mntl-block g-item"><a id="block_27-0" class="comp block block-small " data-doc-id="3486693" href="https://www.thoughtco.com/fun-widgets-for-your-blog-3486693" data-ordinal="27"> <div class="loc block-media"><div class="img-placeholder" style="padding-bottom:66.6%;"> <img data-src="https://www.thoughtco.com/thmb/d8dJ6VAPck-REurEqbUdL6u1Xwo=/219x146/filters:no_upscale():max_bytes(150000):strip_icc()/flying_scissors-58072fc35f9b5805c23b91ad.jpg" width="219" height="146" alt="Fun Widgets - Cyber-pet" class="lazyload universal-image__image" data-expand="300" /> <noscript> <img src="https://www.thoughtco.com/thmb/d8dJ6VAPck-REurEqbUdL6u1Xwo=/219x146/filters:no_upscale():max_bytes(150000):strip_icc()/flying_scissors-58072fc35f9b5805c23b91ad.jpg" width="219" height="146" class="img--noscript universal-image__image" alt="Fun Widgets - Cyber-pet" /> </noscript> </div> </div> <div class="block-content"> <div class="block-kicker" data-kicker="Computer Science"></div> <span class="block-title">10 Fun Widgets For Your Blog</span> </div> </a></li> <li id="block-list-item_28-0" class="comp block-list-item mntl-block g-item"><a id="block_28-0" class="comp block block-small " data-doc-id="3486689" href="https://www.thoughtco.com/widget-vs-gadget-3486689" data-ordinal="28"> <div class="loc block-media"><div class="img-placeholder" style="padding-bottom:66.6%;"> <img data-src="https://www.thoughtco.com/thmb/1EtSybW-fWGkaj-KhAUhREBwpRY=/219x146/filters:no_upscale():max_bytes(150000):strip_icc()/Widget-vs-Gadget-192c5bc9871a4686be20a318d857f16b.jpg" width="219" height="146" alt="Widgets vs. Gadgets" class="lazyload universal-image__image" data-expand="300" /> <noscript> <img src="https://www.thoughtco.com/thmb/1EtSybW-fWGkaj-KhAUhREBwpRY=/219x146/filters:no_upscale():max_bytes(150000):strip_icc()/Widget-vs-Gadget-192c5bc9871a4686be20a318d857f16b.jpg" width="219" height="146" class="img--noscript universal-image__image" alt="Widgets vs. Gadgets" /> </noscript> </div> </div> <div class="block-content"> <div class="block-kicker" data-kicker="Computer Science"></div> <span class="block-title">Widgets vs. Gadgets</span> </div> </a></li> <li id="block-list-item_29-0" class="comp block-list-item mntl-block g-item"><a id="block_29-0" class="comp block block-small " data-doc-id="3486220" href="https://www.thoughtco.com/copy-code-from-website-3486220" data-ordinal="29"> <div class="loc block-media"><div class="img-placeholder" style="padding-bottom:66.6%;"> <img data-src="https://www.thoughtco.com/thmb/un-jp68jPPxAcge3RT3hsL3MZmk=/219x146/filters:no_upscale():max_bytes(150000):strip_icc()/GettyImages-666671538-5a924f056bf06900379aa8a0-c011db5a5d1b4e1ca222152a8cea3c3a.jpg" width="219" height="146" alt="A web page's source code." class="lazyload universal-image__image" data-expand="300" /> <noscript> <img src="https://www.thoughtco.com/thmb/un-jp68jPPxAcge3RT3hsL3MZmk=/219x146/filters:no_upscale():max_bytes(150000):strip_icc()/GettyImages-666671538-5a924f056bf06900379aa8a0-c011db5a5d1b4e1ca222152a8cea3c3a.jpg" width="219" height="146" class="img--noscript universal-image__image" alt="A web page's source code." /> </noscript> </div> </div> <div class="block-content"> <div class="block-kicker" data-kicker="Computer Science"></div> <span class="block-title">How to Copy Code From a Website</span> </div> </a></li> <li id="block-list-item_30-0" class="comp block-list-item mntl-block g-item"><a id="block_30-0" class="comp block block-small " data-doc-id="3486219" href="https://www.thoughtco.com/add-widget-to-blogger-3486219" data-ordinal="30"> <div class="loc block-media"><div class="img-placeholder" style="padding-bottom:66.6%;"> <img data-src="https://www.thoughtco.com/thmb/JmCHt9V2l3nOZU02Ktyo3qxTOPA=/219x146/filters:no_upscale():max_bytes(150000):strip_icc()/Blogger-com-logo-56a9fe0b3df78cf772abf2f6.jpg" width="219" height="146" alt="Blogger logo" class="lazyload universal-image__image" data-expand="300" /> <noscript> <img src="https://www.thoughtco.com/thmb/JmCHt9V2l3nOZU02Ktyo3qxTOPA=/219x146/filters:no_upscale():max_bytes(150000):strip_icc()/Blogger-com-logo-56a9fe0b3df78cf772abf2f6.jpg" width="219" height="146" class="img--noscript universal-image__image" alt="Blogger logo" /> </noscript> </div> </div> <div class="block-content"> <div class="block-kicker" data-kicker="Computer Science"></div> <span class="block-title">How to Add a Widget to Blogger</span> </div> </a></li></div> </div></section> <section id="taxonomy-list_1-0" class="comp taxonomy-list" data-tracking-container="true"> <span class="section-title">More In: Computer Science</span> <ul> <li class="taxonomy-list-item"> <a href="https://www.thoughtco.com/php-4133485" rel="nocaes" data-ordinal="1" class="taxonomy-list-link" > PHP Programming <svg class="icon icon-caret-right taxonomy-list-icon" > <use xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="#icon-caret-right" href="#icon-caret-right"></use> </svg> </a> </li> <li class="taxonomy-list-item"> <a href="https://www.thoughtco.com/perl-4133481" rel="nocaes" data-ordinal="2" class="taxonomy-list-link" > Perl <svg class="icon icon-caret-right taxonomy-list-icon" > <use xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="#icon-caret-right" href="#icon-caret-right"></use> </svg> </a> </li> <li class="taxonomy-list-item"> <a href="https://www.thoughtco.com/python-4133477" rel="nocaes" data-ordinal="3" class="taxonomy-list-link" > Python <svg class="icon icon-caret-right taxonomy-list-icon" > <use xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="#icon-caret-right" href="#icon-caret-right"></use> </svg> </a> </li> <li class="taxonomy-list-item"> <a href="https://www.thoughtco.com/java-programming-4133478" rel="nocaes" data-ordinal="4" class="taxonomy-list-link" > Java Programming <svg class="icon icon-caret-right taxonomy-list-icon" > <use xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="#icon-caret-right" href="#icon-caret-right"></use> </svg> </a> </li> <li class="taxonomy-list-item is-collapsed"> <a href="https://www.thoughtco.com/javascript-programming-4133476" rel="nocaes" data-ordinal="5" class="taxonomy-list-link" > Javascript Programming <svg class="icon icon-caret-right taxonomy-list-icon" > <use xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="#icon-caret-right" href="#icon-caret-right"></use> </svg> </a> </li> <li class="taxonomy-list-item is-collapsed"> <a href="https://www.thoughtco.com/delphi-programming-4133475" rel="nocaes" data-ordinal="6" class="taxonomy-list-link" > Delphi Programming <svg class="icon icon-caret-right taxonomy-list-icon" > <use xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="#icon-caret-right" href="#icon-caret-right"></use> </svg> </a> </li> <li class="taxonomy-list-item is-collapsed"> <a href="https://www.thoughtco.com/c-and-c-plus-programming-4133470" rel="nocaes" data-ordinal="7" class="taxonomy-list-link" > C & C++ Programming <svg class="icon icon-caret-right taxonomy-list-icon" > <use xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="#icon-caret-right" href="#icon-caret-right"></use> </svg> </a> </li> <li class="taxonomy-list-item is-collapsed"> <a href="https://www.thoughtco.com/ruby-programming-4133469" rel="nocaes" data-ordinal="8" class="taxonomy-list-link" > Ruby Programming <svg class="icon icon-caret-right taxonomy-list-icon" > <use xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="#icon-caret-right" href="#icon-caret-right"></use> </svg> </a> </li> <li class="taxonomy-list-item is-collapsed"> <a href="https://www.thoughtco.com/visual-basic-4133468" rel="nocaes" data-ordinal="9" class="taxonomy-list-link" > Visual Basic <svg class="icon icon-caret-right taxonomy-list-icon" > <use xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="#icon-caret-right" href="#icon-caret-right"></use> </svg> </a> </li> </ul> <div class="loc postContent "><a id="text-button_1-0" class="comp text-button text-btn" href="#"> View more <svg class="icon icon-caret-down text-btn-icon" > <use xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="#icon-caret-down" href="#icon-caret-down"></use> </svg> </a> </div> </section> </div></div> <div id="leaderboard2-deferred-footer_1-0" class="comp leaderboard2-deferred-footer mm-ads-leaderboardfooter-flex-2-lazy mm-ads-flexible-leaderboard-lazy mm-ads-flexible-leaderboard mm-ads-flexible-ad mm-ads-gpt-adunit js-lazy-ad has-right-label leaderboard gpt leaderboard dynamic"> <div id="leaderboardfooter-flex-2" class="wrapper" data-type="leaderboard" data-pos="atf" data-priority="1" data-sizes="[[728, 90], [970, 250], "fluid"]" data-rtb="true" data-wait-for-third-party="false" data-targeting="{}"></div> </div> </main><footer id="footer_1-0" class="comp footer mntl-footer" role="contentinfo" data-tracking-container="true"> <div class="mntl-footer__inner"> <div class="mntl-footer__primary"> <div class="mntl-footer__logo"> <a href="/" rel="home nocaes" id="mntl-logo_1-0" aria-label="Visit the homepage" > <div class="is-screenreader-only">ThoughtCo</div> <svg class="icon icon-logo " > <use xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="#icon-logo" href="#icon-logo"></use> </svg></a> </div> <div class="mntl-footer__social"> <div id="mntl-footer-social_1-0" class="comp mntl-footer-social reference-social-nav mntl-social-nav" data-tracking-container="true"> <h2 class="social-nav__title">Follow Us</h2> <ul class="social-nav__list"> <li class="social-nav__item social-nav__item--facebook"> <a href="http://www.facebook.com/thoughtcodotcom" target="_blank" rel="noopener nocaes" class="social-nav__link social-nav__link--facebook" aria-label="Visit ThoughtCo's Facebook" > <svg class="icon icon-facebook social-nav__icon" > <use xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="#icon-facebook" href="#icon-facebook"></use> </svg> </a> </li> <li class="social-nav__item social-nav__item--flipboard"> <a href="https://flipboard.com/@thoughtco?utm_source=thoughtco&utm_medium=follow&utm_campaign=tools" target="_blank" rel="noopener nocaes" class="social-nav__link social-nav__link--flipboard" aria-label="Visit ThoughtCo's Flipboard" > <svg class="icon icon-flipboard social-nav__icon" > <use xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="#icon-flipboard" href="#icon-flipboard"></use> </svg> </a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div class="mntl-footer__secondary"> <nav id="mntl-footer-nav_1-0" class="comp mntl-footer-nav mntl-block" aria-label="Footer"><ul id="mntl-block_1-0" class="comp mntl-block mntl-footer-nav__list"><li id="mntl-footer-nav__list-item_1-0" class="comp mntl-footer-nav__list-item mntl-block"><a href="https://www.thoughtco.com/sciences-math-4132465" rel="nocaes" id="mntl-text-link_1-0" class="mntl-text-link type--squirrel-link" data-tracking-container="true" ><span class="link__wrapper">Science, Tech, Math</span></a></li> <li id="mntl-footer-nav__list-item_2-0" class="comp mntl-footer-nav__list-item mntl-block"><a href="https://www.thoughtco.com/humanities-4133358" rel="nocaes" id="mntl-text-link_2-0" class="mntl-text-link type--squirrel-link" data-tracking-container="true" ><span class="link__wrapper">Humanities</span></a></li> <li id="mntl-footer-nav__list-item_3-0" class="comp mntl-footer-nav__list-item mntl-block"><a href="https://www.thoughtco.com/languages-4133094" rel="nocaes" id="mntl-text-link_3-0" class="mntl-text-link type--squirrel-link" data-tracking-container="true" ><span class="link__wrapper">Languages</span></a></li> <li id="mntl-footer-nav__list-item_4-0" class="comp mntl-footer-nav__list-item mntl-block"><a href="https://www.thoughtco.com/resources-4132590" rel="nocaes" id="mntl-text-link_4-0" class="mntl-text-link type--squirrel-link" data-tracking-container="true" ><span class="link__wrapper">Resources</span></a></li></ul></nav><ul id="mntl-footer-links_1-0" class="comp mntl-footer-links footer-links"> <li class="mntl-footer-links__item "> <a href="/about-us-4779650" rel="nocaes" data-type="ourStory" data-ordinal="1" class="mntl-footer-links__link type--rabbit-link" data-component="footerLinks" data-source="footerLinks" > About Us </a> </li> <li class="mntl-footer-links__item "> <a href="https://www.dotdashmeredith.com/advertising" target="_blank" rel="noopener nofollow nocaes" data-type="advertise" data-ordinal="1" class="mntl-footer-links__link type--rabbit-link" data-component="footerLinks" data-source="footerLinks" > Advertise </a> </li> <li class="mntl-footer-links__item "> <a href="https://www.dotdashmeredith.com/careers" target="_blank" rel="noopener nofollow nocaes" data-type="careersAtDotDashMeredith" data-ordinal="1" class="mntl-footer-links__link type--rabbit-link" data-component="footerLinks" data-source="footerLinks" > Careers </a> </li> <li class="mntl-footer-links__item "> <a href="https://www.dotdashmeredith.com/brands-privacy" target="_blank" rel="noopener nofollow nocaes" data-type="privacyPolicy" data-ordinal="1" class="mntl-footer-links__link type--rabbit-link" data-component="footerLinks" data-source="footerLinks" > Privacy Policy </a> </li> <li class="mntl-footer-links__item "> <a href="/about-us-4779650#toc-editorial-guidelines" rel="nocaes" data-type="editorialGuidelines" data-ordinal="1" class="mntl-footer-links__link type--rabbit-link" data-component="footerLinks" data-source="footerLinks" > Editorial Guidelines </a> </li> <li class="mntl-footer-links__item "> <a href="/about-us-4779650#toc-contact-us" rel="nocaes" data-type="contact" data-ordinal="1" class="mntl-footer-links__link type--rabbit-link" data-component="footerLinks" data-source="footerLinks" > Contact </a> </li> <li class="mntl-footer-links__item "> <a href="https://www.dotdashmeredith.com/brands-termsofservice" target="_blank" rel="noopener nofollow nocaes" data-type="termsOfService" data-ordinal="1" class="mntl-footer-links__link type--rabbit-link" data-component="footerLinks" data-source="footerLinks" > Terms of Service </a> </li> <li class="mntl-footer-links__item mntl-truste-badge-wrapper"> <div class="loc truste-badge"><div id="mntl-universal-truste-badge_1-0" class="comp mntl-universal-truste-badge mntl-block"><a href="//privacy.truste.com/privacy-seal/validation?rid=e166d0ee-e663-4ad0-9384-f5bd78093a89" target="_blank" rel="noopener nocaes" id="mntl-universal-truste-badge_1-0-link" class="mntl-truste-badge-link" data-tracking-container="true" > <img class="mntl-truste-badge-image lazyload" alt="Access TRUSTe's Enterprise Privacy Certification program" data-src="//privacy-policy.truste.com/privacy-seal/seal?rid=e166d0ee-e663-4ad0-9384-f5bd78093a89" width="100" height="32" /> </a></div> </div> </li> </ul> </div> </div> <div class="loc footer-bottom"><div id="mntl-dotdash-universal-nav_1-0" class="comp mntl-dotdash-universal-nav mntl-carbon-dotdash-universal-nav" data-tracking-container="true"> <div class="mntl-dotdash-universal-nav__content"> <svg class="icon mntl-dotdash-universal-nav__logo " > <use xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="#mntl-dotdash-universal-nav__logo" href="#mntl-dotdash-universal-nav__logo"></use> </svg> <div class="mntl-dotdash-universal-nav__wrapper"> <div class="mntl-dotdash-universal-nav__text"> ThoughtCo is part of the <a href="https://www.dotdashmeredith.com" target="_blank" rel="noopener nofollow nocaes" class="mntl-dotdash-universal-nav__text--link" >Dotdash Meredith</a> publishing family. </div> </div> </div> </div> </div></footer><svg class="is-hidden"> <defs> <symbol id="mntl-sc-block-starrating-icon"> <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 20 20"> <path d="M0,0v20h20V0H0z M14.2,12.2l1.1,6.3l-5.4-3.2l-5.1,3.2l1-6.3L1.4,8l5.9-0.8l2.6-5.8l2.7,5.8L18.5,8L14.2,12.2z"/> </svg> </symbol> </defs> </svg><script type="text/javascript" data-glb-js="bottom" src="/static/4.39.0/cache/eNqNk21uwyAMhi80xCH2d5cwxBAvDqzg9GOnn0OqrktbNCkK2HneFwOOrQJC3s6QhNFeIyZX7ac-hwXL5c3-hfTDIsQkhNW4hVjMiWQ0L-lZJ-YIiZjBVF8y857yef7KCZNUS0mwJGA7YMCy6tuk4NARTSB43t4dCkLQuhUyTGkyBU-FZFtDqRmLx1dMxxXPW8H0vWna0T0kfw3ysDA2iOH7YqC3rxMNEXVMWSiQVyon4yClrWrCa_APixEpjvI-Qor4QVVw9XiWvHndmUTOTq9kRBiaah2ecSGXWenVBthUhOLHXfhMluBIsW3OhoVZewQxGc3uwpt2Pbz1elhr7vXSDLG1YKTQwQYCzvE6tOvaw7sfo2owXRzJ47Xe2dbDAqUtX73h7CezZXoaB7UpAuOZHKO2xw9G2WUE.min.js" async defer="true"></script> <script type="text/javascript"> Mntl.utilities.scriptsOnLoad(document.querySelectorAll('script[data-glb-js="bottom"]'), function() { var Mntl = window.Mntl || {}; window.Mntl.affiliateLinkRewriter.setMappings( { DOC_ID: '4133486' ,SITE: 'thoughtco' ,REQUEST_ID: 'n3d9498d1beab422ebe9ec6bcfe4bd9ea14' } );window.Mntl.externalizeLinks.addPlugin(window.Mntl.affiliateLinkRewriter); window.Mntl.externalizeLinks.addPlugin(window.Mntl.amazonAffiliateTagger); window.Mntl.externalizeLinks.init();}); </script></body> </html>