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</div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">American actor (1876–1946)</div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:James_Young_Deer_1.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/James_Young_Deer_1.jpg/425px-James_Young_Deer_1.jpg" decoding="async" width="425" height="189" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d4/James_Young_Deer_1.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="635" data-file-height="282" /></a><figcaption>James Young Deer ca. 1910</figcaption></figure> <p><b>James Young Deer</b> (April 1, 1876 – April 6, 1946), also known as J. Younger Johnson or Jim Young Deer, was actually born <b>James Young Johnson</b> in Washington, D.C.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Although he was identified in the early Hollywood trade paper <a href="/wiki/Moving_Picture_World" class="mw-redirect" title="Moving Picture World">Moving Picture World</a> as of the <a href="/wiki/Winnebago_Tribe_of_Nebraska" title="Winnebago Tribe of Nebraska">Winnebago Tribe of Nebraska</a>, his ancestry is of the <a href="/wiki/Nanticoke_people" title="Nanticoke people">Nanticoke people</a> of Delaware.<sup id="cite_ref-Who_Was_the_Real_James_Young_Deer_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Who_Was_the_Real_James_Young_Deer-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He became an early <a href="/wiki/Film" title="Film">film</a> <a href="/wiki/Actor" title="Actor">actor</a>, <a href="/wiki/Film_director" title="Film director">director</a>, <a href="/wiki/Writer" title="Writer">writer</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Film_producer" title="Film producer">producer</a>. He is believed to be the first Native American filmmaker/producer in Hollywood. Together with his wife and partner <a href="/wiki/Red_Wing_(actress)" title="Red Wing (actress)">Lillian St. Cyr</a>, Winnebago, the couple were labeled an "influential force" in the production of one-reel <a href="/wiki/Westerns" class="mw-redirect" title="Westerns">Westerns</a> during the first part of the <a href="/wiki/Silent_film" title="Silent film">silent film</a> era. Their films, along with several others of the silent era, were notable for portraying Native Americans in a positive light.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Questions were raised about Young Deer's Winnebago background when film historians were unable to verify much about his origins, and he was not listed on the Winnebago tribal rolls in the early 20th century.<sup id="cite_ref-guardian_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-guardian-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Early_life">Early life</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=James_Young_Deer&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Early life"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Young Deer was born in the "Old Southwest" District of Washington, D.C. to George Durham Johnson and Emma Margaret Young. Census records indicated his parents were "<a href="/wiki/Mulatto" title="Mulatto">mulatto</a>," although the term was often ambiguously used.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Young Deer (<i>i.e.</i>, James Johnson) entered the U.S. Navy on October 8, 1898, for three years during the <a href="/wiki/Spanish%E2%80%93American_War" title="Spanish–American War">Spanish–American War</a>, but he was apparently disillusioned with the Navy's "great prejudices."<sup id="cite_ref-Who_Was_the_Real_James_Young_Deer_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Who_Was_the_Real_James_Young_Deer-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Newspapers instead boasted about how he supposedly performed as a cowboy with the <a href="/wiki/Barnum_and_Bailey_Circus" class="mw-redirect" title="Barnum and Bailey Circus">Barnum and Bailey Circus</a> and <a href="/wiki/Miller_Brothers_101_Ranch#The_101_Ranch_Wild_West_Show" title="Miller Brothers 101 Ranch">Miller Brothers' 101 Ranch Wild West Show</a>, riding as a son of the Wild West.<sup id="cite_ref-First_Native_American_Silent_Movie_'Power_Couple'_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-First_Native_American_Silent_Movie_'Power_Couple'-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Marriage_and_family">Marriage and family</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=James_Young_Deer&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Marriage and family"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>After meeting in Washington, D.C., Young Deer was married on April 9, 1906, to actress <a href="/wiki/Lillian_St._Cyr" class="mw-redirect" title="Lillian St. Cyr">Lillian St. Cyr</a>, who was known by her stage name of <a href="/wiki/Red_Wing_(actress)" title="Red Wing (actress)">Red Wing</a>. Born on the <a href="/wiki/Winnebago_Reservation" title="Winnebago Reservation">Winnebago Reservation</a> near Omaha, she was a member of the <a href="/wiki/Winnebago_Tribe_of_Nebraska" title="Winnebago Tribe of Nebraska">Winnebago Tribe of Nebraska</a> through her parents Mitchell St. Cyr and Julia Decora. St. Cyr was best known for her lead role in 1914's <a href="/wiki/The_Squaw_Man_(1914_film)" title="The Squaw Man (1914 film)"><i>The Squaw Man</i></a>.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Career">Career</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=James_Young_Deer&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Career"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Young Deer began acting in 1909 in New York in several one-reel Westerns that year. Among the film companies for which he worked were <a href="/wiki/Kalem_Company" title="Kalem Company">Kalem</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lubin_Studios" class="mw-redirect" title="Lubin Studios">Lubin</a>, <a href="/wiki/Vitagraph_Studios" title="Vitagraph Studios">Vitagraph</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Biograph_Studios" title="Biograph Studios">Biograph</a>. He worked at one of the first independent film companies, the New York Motion Picture Company, under the Bison trademark.<sup id="cite_ref-First_Native_American_Silent_Movie_'Power_Couple'_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-First_Native_American_Silent_Movie_'Power_Couple'-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1910, Young Deer was hired to direct for <a href="/wiki/Path%C3%A9" title="Pathé">Pathé</a> Frères. The French-based studio in Jersey City was faced with criticism that their movies were not realistic in their portrayals of the Old West, so they sent Young Deer to Edendale in Los Angeles to make Indian-themed films. His wife Red Wing acted in many of his films. Young Deer eventually ran the company's West Coast Studio operations in Edendale.<sup id="cite_ref-First_Native_American_Silent_Movie_'Power_Couple'_6-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-First_Native_American_Silent_Movie_'Power_Couple'-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Young Deer acted in, wrote, or directed approximately 150 silent movies at Pathé's West Coast Studio. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Influence_of_work">Influence of work</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=James_Young_Deer&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Influence of work"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>By 1910, one-fifth of American films were Westerns, and companies worked to establish national dominance in the genre.<sup id="cite_ref-NPF_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NPF-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In these early years, American Indians were "generally portrayed in a positive way," and directors often hired Native Americans as actors. Movie historian <a href="/wiki/William_K._Everson" title="William K. Everson">William K. Everson</a> wrote, "[D]uring this period the Indian became accepted as a symbol of integrity, stoicism, and reliability ..."<sup id="cite_ref-First_Native_American_Silent_Movie_'Power_Couple'_6-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-First_Native_American_Silent_Movie_'Power_Couple'-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Young Deer's films have been noted as early Westerns "without the cliches of hostile Indian warriors or wagon train attacks", although several studios at the time, especially <a href="/wiki/Kalem" class="mw-redirect" title="Kalem">Kalem</a>, also portrayed Indians in a unique and favorable light.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The combined talent of Young Deer and St. Cyr was due to several factors. She was educated at Carlisle and had some knowledge of Indian culture, and during the early 1900s, the film industry was adaptable and experimental. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Later_years">Later years</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=James_Young_Deer&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Later years"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Young Deer encountered legal troubles in California in 1913, when a 15-year-old girl alleged he assaulted her.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Young Deer went overseas, working first in Great Britain. In 1914 he worked in London, shooting thrillers for <a href="/wiki/British_and_Colonial_Films" title="British and Colonial Films">British and Colonial Films</a> that included <i>The Queen of the London Counterfeiters</i> and <i>The Black Cross Gang</i>. During <a href="/wiki/World_War_I" title="World War I">World War I</a>, a few writers have said he created documentaries in <a href="/wiki/France" title="France">France</a>, although no one has been able to substantiate this claim.<sup id="cite_ref-guardian_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-guardian-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>After he returned from Great Britain in 1914, Young Deer had a hard time finding work, as Westerns were less popular for a time. He was said to operate an acting school in San Francisco. In the 1930s, he worked occasionally as a second-unit director on independently produced low-budget <a href="/wiki/B_movie" title="B movie">B movies</a> and <a href="/wiki/Serial_film" title="Serial film">serials</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-guardian_4-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-guardian-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In July 1930, he traveled to Arizona to marry Helen Gilchrist, who died in 1937. Young Deer died in <a href="/wiki/New_York_City" title="New York City">New York City</a> on April 6, 1946, and was buried in the Long Island National Cemetery as James Young Johnson, veteran of the <a href="/wiki/Spanish%E2%80%93American_War" title="Spanish–American War">Spanish–American War</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Who_Was_the_Real_James_Young_Deer_2-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Who_Was_the_Real_James_Young_Deer-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Many of his early films are now lost. However, in 2008 the <a href="/wiki/Library_of_Congress" title="Library of Congress">Library of Congress</a> added <i><a href="/wiki/White_Fawn%27s_Devotion" title="White Fawn's Devotion">White Fawn's Devotion</a></i>, one of Young Deer's few surviving pictures, to its <a href="/wiki/National_Film_Registry" title="National Film Registry">National Film Registry</a>. </p><p>One of his later films, <i>Tragedies of the Osage Hills</i> (1926), was the first feature about the Osage murders, preceding <a href="/wiki/Martin_Scorsese" title="Martin Scorsese">Martin Scorsese</a>'s <i><a href="/wiki/Killers_of_the_Flower_Moon_(film)" title="Killers of the Flower Moon (film)">Killers of the Flower Moon</a></i> by about a century. <i>Tragedies of the Osage Hills</i> is presumably a lost film.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Films">Films</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=James_Young_Deer&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Films"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Director">Director</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=James_Young_Deer&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Director"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1184024115">.mw-parser-output .div-col{margin-top:0.3em;column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .div-col-small{font-size:90%}.mw-parser-output .div-col-rules{column-rule:1px solid #aaa}.mw-parser-output .div-col dl,.mw-parser-output .div-col ol,.mw-parser-output .div-col ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .div-col li,.mw-parser-output .div-col dd{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}</style><div class="div-col" style="column-width: 22em;"> <ul><li><i>Lieutenant Daring RN and the Water Rats</i> (1924)</li> <li><i>The Stranger</i> (1920/I) (as James Youngdeer)</li> <li><i>Who Laughs Last</i> (1920)</li> <li><i>The Savage</i> (1913)</li> <li><i>The Unwilling Bride</i> (1912)</li> <li><i>The Squaw Man's Sweetheart</i> (1912)</li> <li><i>Red Deer's Devotion</i> (1911)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Yaqui_Girl" title="The Yaqui Girl">The Yaqui Girl</a></i> (1910)</li> <li><i>Cowboy Justice</i> (1910)</li> <li><i>An Indian's Gratitude</i> (1910)</li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=A_Cheyenne_Brave&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="A Cheyenne Brave (page does not exist)">A Cheyenne Brave</a></i> (1910)</li> <li><i>The Red Girl and the Child</i> (1910)</li> <li><i>Under Both Flags</i> (1910)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/White_Fawn%27s_Devotion" title="White Fawn's Devotion">White Fawn's Devotion</a>: A Play Acted by a Tribe of Red Indians in America</i> (1910) (uncredited)</li> <li><i>Red Wing's Gratitude</i> (1909)</li> <li><i>For Her Sale</i>; or, <i>Two Sailors and a Girl</i> (1909)</li> <li><i>The Falling Arrow</i> (1909)</li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Actor">Actor</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=James_Young_Deer&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Actor"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1184024115"><div class="div-col" style="column-width: 22em;"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Man_of_Courage" title="The Man of Courage">The Man of Courage</a></i> (1922) .... Aquila</li> <li><i>Under Handicap</i> (1917) (as James Youngdeer) .... Lonesome Pete</li> <li><i>Against Heavy Odds</i> (1914)</li> <li><i>The Unwilling Bride</i> (1912)</li> <li><i>Little Dove's Romance</i> (1911)</li> <li><i>Red Deer's Devotion</i> (1911)</li> <li><i>Young Deer's Return</i> (1910) .... Young Deer</li> <li><i>The Red Girl and the Child</i> (1910)</li> <li><i>The Indian and the Cowgirl</i> (1910)</li> <li><i>The Cowboy and the Schoolmarm</i> (1910)</li> <li><i>Young Deer's Gratitude</i> (1910) .... Young Deer</li> <li><i>The Ten of Spades</i>; or, <i>A Western Raffle</i> (1910)</li> <li><i>Young Deer's Bravery</i> (1909) .... Young Deer</li> <li><i>Red Wing's Gratitude</i> (1909)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Mended_Lute" title="The Mended Lute">The Mended Lute</a></i> (1909) .... Indian</li> <li><i>The True Heart of an Indian</i> (1909) ... aka <i>A True Indian's Heart</i> (USA)</li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Writer">Writer</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=James_Young_Deer&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Writer"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><i>Lieutenant Daring RN and the Water Rats</i> (1924) (writer)</li> <li><i>Neck and Noose</i> (1919) (story) (as Jim Youngdeer)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/White_Fawn%27s_Devotion" title="White Fawn's Devotion">White Fawn's Devotion</a>: A Play Acted by a Tribe of Red Indians in America</i> (1910) (uncredited)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=James_Young_Deer&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Notes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">James Young Deer, Registration Card, World War I Draft Registration, Los Angeles, CA, September 12, 1918, Ancestrylibrary.com. Sources vary on Young Deer's birthdate. His military records indicate April 2, 1877 and his headstone says April 1, 1878.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Who_Was_the_Real_James_Young_Deer-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Who_Was_the_Real_James_Young_Deer_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Who_Was_the_Real_James_Young_Deer_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Who_Was_the_Real_James_Young_Deer_2-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFAleiss2013" class="citation web cs1">Aleiss, Angela (May 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://brightlightsfilm.com/80/80-james-young-deer-silent-movies-pathe-producer-black-native-american-indian-aleiss.php">"Who Was the Real James Young Deer?"</a>. <i>Bright Lights Film Journal</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 17,</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Bright+Lights+Film+Journal&rft.atitle=Who+Was+the+Real+James+Young+Deer%3F&rft.date=2013-05&rft.aulast=Aleiss&rft.aufirst=Angela&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fbrightlightsfilm.com%2F80%2F80-james-young-deer-silent-movies-pathe-producer-black-native-american-indian-aleiss.php&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJames+Young+Deer" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBrightwell2010" class="citation web cs1">Brightwell, Eric (November 20, 2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.amoeba.com/blog/2010/11/eric-s-blog/red-wing-and-young-deer-the-first-couple-of-native-american-silent-film-.html">"Red Wing and Young Deer, the First Couple of Native American Silent Film"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Or Was He?"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Guardian" title="The Guardian">The Guardian</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 11,</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft.atitle=The+First+Native+American+Director.+Or+Was+He%3F&rft.date=2010-09-23&rft.aulast=Sweet&rft.aufirst=Matthew&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Ffilm%2F2010%2Fsep%2F23%2Ffirst-native-american-director&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJames+Young+Deer" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRomeo" class="citation web cs1">Romeo, Joseph A. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.moors-delaware.com/gendat/moors.aspx">"The Moors of Delaware"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 17,</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Moors+of+Delaware&rft.aulast=Romeo&rft.aufirst=Joseph+A.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.moors-delaware.com%2Fgendat%2Fmoors.aspx&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJames+Young+Deer" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-First_Native_American_Silent_Movie_'Power_Couple'-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-First_Native_American_Silent_Movie_'Power_Couple'_6-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-First_Native_American_Silent_Movie_'Power_Couple'_6-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-First_Native_American_Silent_Movie_'Power_Couple'_6-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-First_Native_American_Silent_Movie_'Power_Couple'_6-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSanders2004" class="citation web cs1">Sanders, Jean (2004). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120625063322/http://nsea.org/news/StCyrYoungDeerProfile.htm">"Lillian St. Cyr (Princess Red Wing) and James Young Deer: First Native American Silent Movie 'Power Couple'<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a>. <i>Nebraska State Education Association</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nsea.org/news/StCyrYoungDeerProfile.htm">the original</a> on June 25, 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 24,</span> 2008</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Nebraska+State+Education+Association&rft.atitle=Lillian+St.+Cyr+%28Princess+Red+Wing%29+and+James+Young+Deer%3A+First+Native+American+Silent+Movie+%27Power+Couple%27&rft.date=2004&rft.aulast=Sanders&rft.aufirst=Jean&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nsea.org%2Fnews%2FStCyrYoungDeerProfile.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJames+Young+Deer" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAleiss2014" class="citation web cs1">Aleiss, Angela (February 24, 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20141112231716/http://indiancountrytodaymedianetwork.com/2014/02/24/100-years-ago-lillian-st-cyr-first-native-star-hollywood-feature-153717">"100 Years Ago: Lillian St. Cyr, First Native Star in Hollywood Feature"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Indian_Country_Today_Media_Network" class="mw-redirect" title="Indian Country Today Media Network">Indian Country Today Media Network</a></i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://indiancountrytodaymedianetwork.com/2014/02/24/100-years-ago-lillian-st-cyr-first-native-star-hollywood-feature-153717">the original</a> on November 12, 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 17,</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Indian+Country+Today+Media+Network&rft.atitle=100+Years+Ago%3A+Lillian+St.+Cyr%2C+First+Native+Star+in+Hollywood+Feature&rft.date=2014-02-24&rft.aulast=Aleiss&rft.aufirst=Angela&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Findiancountrytodaymedianetwork.com%2F2014%2F02%2F24%2F100-years-ago-lillian-st-cyr-first-native-star-hollywood-feature-153717&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJames+Young+Deer" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-NPF-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-NPF_8-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20141011014609/http://www.filmpreservation.org/preserved-films/screening-room/the-prospector-1912">"Preserved Films: 'The Prospector'<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a>. <i>National Film Preservation Foundation</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.filmpreservation.org/preserved-films/screening-room/the-prospector-1912">the original</a> on October 11, 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 17,</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=National+Film+Preservation+Foundation&rft.atitle=Preserved+Films%3A+%27The+Prospector%27&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.filmpreservation.org%2Fpreserved-films%2Fscreening-room%2Fthe-prospector-1912&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJames+Young+Deer" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAleiss1995" class="citation web cs1">Aleiss, Angela (Summer 1995). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.lib.berkeley.edu/MRC/NativeAmericans.html">"Native Americans: The Surprising Silents"</a>. <i>Cineaste</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Cineaste&rft.atitle=Native+Americans%3A+The+Surprising+Silents&rft.ssn=summer&rft.date=1995&rft.aulast=Aleiss&rft.aufirst=Angela&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.lib.berkeley.edu%2FMRC%2FNativeAmericans.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJames+Young+Deer" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">"Movie Actor Held on a Grave Charges," <i>The Lincoln Daily Star,</i> 30 November 1913, pg. 8; "Arrest Movie Man," <i>Los Angeles Times</i>, 24 November 1913, pg. I8.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAngela_Aleiss2023" class="citation web cs1">Angela Aleiss (October 13, 2023). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/movies/movie-features/killers-of-the-flower-moon-tragedies-of-osage-hills-1235617144/">"A Century Before <i>Killers of the Flower Moon,</i>a Long-Lost Film About Osage Murders Was Billed as "The Most Sensational Picture of the Age"<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Hollywood_Reporter" title="The Hollywood Reporter">The Hollywood Reporter</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 15,</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Hollywood+Reporter&rft.atitle=A+Century+Before+Killers+of+the+Flower+Moon%2Ca+Long-Lost+Film+About+Osage+Murders+Was+Billed+as+%E2%80%9CThe+Most+Sensational+Picture+of+the+Age%E2%80%9D&rft.date=2023-10-13&rft.au=Angela+Aleiss&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.hollywoodreporter.com%2Fmovies%2Fmovie-features%2Fkillers-of-the-flower-moon-tragedies-of-osage-hills-1235617144%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJames+Young+Deer" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=James_Young_Deer&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Further reading"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAbel1999" class="citation book cs1">Abel, Richard (March 15, 1999). <i>The Red Rooster Scare: Making Cinema American, 1900–1910</i>. Berkeley: <a href="/wiki/University_of_California_Press" title="University of California Press">University of California Press</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-520-21478-1" title="Special:BookSources/0-520-21478-1"><bdi>0-520-21478-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Red+Rooster+Scare%3A+Making+Cinema+American%2C+1900%E2%80%931910&rft.place=Berkeley&rft.pub=University+of+California+Press&rft.date=1999-03-15&rft.isbn=0-520-21478-1&rft.aulast=Abel&rft.aufirst=Richard&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJames+Young+Deer" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAleiss2005" class="citation book cs1">Aleiss, Angela (2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/makingwhitemansi00alei"><i>Making the White Man's Indian: Native Americans and Hollywood Movies</i></a>. Westport, Conn./London: Praeger. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-275-98396-X" title="Special:BookSources/0-275-98396-X"><bdi>0-275-98396-X</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Making+the+White+Man%27s+Indian%3A+Native+Americans+and+Hollywood+Movies&rft.place=Westport%2C+Conn.%2FLondon&rft.pub=Praeger&rft.date=2005&rft.isbn=0-275-98396-X&rft.aulast=Aleiss&rft.aufirst=Angela&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fmakingwhitemansi00alei&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJames+Young+Deer" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDeloria2006" class="citation book cs1">Deloria, Philip J. (March 2006). <i>Indians in Unexpected Places</i>. Lawrence, Kansas: <a href="/wiki/University_Press_of_Kansas" title="University Press of Kansas">University Press of Kansas</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-7006-1459-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-7006-1459-2"><bdi>978-0-7006-1459-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Indians+in+Unexpected+Places&rft.place=Lawrence%2C+Kansas&rft.pub=University+Press+of+Kansas&rft.date=2006-03&rft.isbn=978-0-7006-1459-2&rft.aulast=Deloria&rft.aufirst=Philip+J.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJames+Young+Deer" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSimmon2003" class="citation book cs1">Simmon, Scott (June 30, 2003). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/inventionofweste00simm"><i>The Invention of the Western Film: A Cultural History of the Genre's First Half Century</i></a>. New York: <a href="/wiki/Cambridge_University_Press" title="Cambridge University Press">Cambridge University Press</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-521-55581-7" title="Special:BookSources/0-521-55581-7"><bdi>0-521-55581-7</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Invention+of+the+Western+Film%3A+A+Cultural+History+of+the+Genre%27s+First+Half+Century&rft.place=New+York&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft.date=2003-06-30&rft.isbn=0-521-55581-7&rft.aulast=Simmon&rft.aufirst=Scott&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Finventionofweste00simm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJames+Young+Deer" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=James_Young_Deer&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/38px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="38" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/57px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/76px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="410" data-file-height="430" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist"><a href="/wiki/Wikisource" title="Wikisource">Wikisource</a> has original works by or about:<br /><b style="text-align: center;"><i><a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Author:James_Young_Deer" class="extiw" title="s:Author:James Young Deer">James Young Deer</a></i></b></div></div> </div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.imdb.com/name/nm0949220/">James Young Deer</a> at <a href="/wiki/IMDb_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="IMDb (identifier)">IMDb</a></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAleiss2013" class="citation web cs1">Aleiss, Angela (May 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://brightlightsfilm.com/80/80-james-young-deer-silent-movies-pathe-producer-black-native-american-indian-aleiss.php">"Who Was the Real James Young Deer?"</a>. <i>Bright Lights Film Journal</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Bright+Lights+Film+Journal&rft.atitle=Who+Was+the+Real+James+Young+Deer%3F&rft.date=2013-05&rft.aulast=Aleiss&rft.aufirst=Angela&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fbrightlightsfilm.com%2F80%2F80-james-young-deer-silent-movies-pathe-producer-black-native-american-indian-aleiss.php&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJames+Young+Deer" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBrightwell2010" class="citation web cs1">Brightwell, Eric (November 20, 2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.amoeba.com/blog/2010/11/eric-s-blog/red-wing-and-young-deer-the-first-couple-of-native-american-silent-film-.html">"Red Wing and Young Deer, the First Couple of Native American Silent Film"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 10,</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Red+Wing+and+Young+Deer%2C+the+First+Couple+of+Native+American+Silent+Film&rft.date=2010-11-20&rft.aulast=Brightwell&rft.aufirst=Eric&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.amoeba.com%2Fblog%2F2010%2F11%2Feric-s-blog%2Fred-wing-and-young-deer-the-first-couple-of-native-american-silent-film-.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJames+Young+Deer" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRomeo" class="citation web cs1">Romeo, Joseph A. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.moors-delaware.com/gendat/moors.aspx">"The Moors of Delaware"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Moors+of+Delaware&rft.aulast=Romeo&rft.aufirst=Joseph+A.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.moors-delaware.com%2Fgendat%2Fmoors.aspx&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJames+Young+Deer" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/2774689">James Young Deer</a> at <a href="/wiki/Find_a_Grave" title="Find a Grave">Find a Grave</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl 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