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id="toc-Icons-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Architecture" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Architecture"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2.2</span> <span>Architecture</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Architecture-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Vestments" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Vestments"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2.3</span> <span>Vestments</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Vestments-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Processions" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Processions"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2.4</span> <span>Processions</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Processions-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Candles" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Candles"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2.5</span> <span>Candles</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Candles-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sounds" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sounds"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3</span> <span>Sounds</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sounds-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Chanting" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Chanting"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3.1</span> <span>Chanting</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Chanting-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Singing" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Singing"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3.2</span> <span>Singing</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Singing-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bells" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bells"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3.3</span> <span>Bells</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bells-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Scents" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Scents"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.4</span> <span>Scents</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Scents-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Incense" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Incense"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.4.1</span> <span>Incense</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Incense-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Other_aromas" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Other_aromas"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.4.2</span> <span>Other aromas</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Other_aromas-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Actions" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Actions"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.5</span> <span>Actions</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Actions-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-The_Sign_of_the_Cross" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#The_Sign_of_the_Cross"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.5.1</span> <span>The Sign of the Cross</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-The_Sign_of_the_Cross-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Standing_and_kneeling" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Standing_and_kneeling"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.5.2</span> <span>Standing and kneeling</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Standing_and_kneeling-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bowing_and_prostrating" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bowing_and_prostrating"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.5.3</span> <span>Bowing and prostrating</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bowing_and_prostrating-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Greetings_and_blessings" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Greetings_and_blessings"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.5.4</span> <span>Greetings and blessings</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Greetings_and_blessings-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Tastes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Tastes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.6</span> <span>Tastes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Tastes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Bread" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bread"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.6.1</span> <span>Bread</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bread-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Wine" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Wine"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.6.2</span> <span>Wine</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Wine-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Wheat" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Wheat"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.6.3</span> <span>Wheat</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Wheat-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Water" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Water"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.6.4</span> <span>Water</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Water-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Daily_services" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Daily_services"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Daily services</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Daily_services-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Daily services subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Daily_services-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Historical_development" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Historical_development"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Historical development</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Historical_development-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Local_variations" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Local_variations"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>Local variations</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Local_variations-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Liturgical_books" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Liturgical_books"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3</span> <span>Liturgical books</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Liturgical_books-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Liturgical_cycles" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Liturgical_cycles"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.4</span> <span>Liturgical cycles</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Liturgical_cycles-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Weekly_Cycle" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Weekly_Cycle"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.4.1</span> <span>Weekly Cycle</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Weekly_Cycle-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Fixed_Cycle" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Fixed_Cycle"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.4.2</span> <span>Fixed Cycle</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Fixed_Cycle-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Paschal_Cycle" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Paschal_Cycle"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.4.3</span> <span>Paschal Cycle</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Paschal_Cycle-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-8_Week_Cycle_of_the_Octoechos" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-4"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#8_Week_Cycle_of_the_Octoechos"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.4.3.1</span> <span>8 Week Cycle of the Octoechos</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-8_Week_Cycle_of_the_Octoechos-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-11_Week_Cycle_of_the_Matins_Gospels" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-4"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#11_Week_Cycle_of_the_Matins_Gospels"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.4.3.2</span> <span>11 Week Cycle of the Matins Gospels</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-11_Week_Cycle_of_the_Matins_Gospels-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Daily_cycle_of_services" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Daily_cycle_of_services"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.5</span> <span>Daily cycle of services</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Daily_cycle_of_services-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Aggregates" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Aggregates"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.6</span> <span>Aggregates</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Aggregates-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Ordinary_days" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ordinary_days"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.6.1</span> <span>Ordinary days</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ordinary_days-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Weekdays_during_lent" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Weekdays_during_lent"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.6.2</span> <span>Weekdays during lent</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Weekdays_during_lent-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-When_there_is_an_all-night_vigil" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#When_there_is_an_all-night_vigil"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.6.3</span> <span>When there is an all-night vigil</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-When_there_is_an_all-night_vigil-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-When_the_royal_hours_are_read" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#When_the_royal_hours_are_read"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.6.4</span> <span>When the royal hours are read</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-When_the_royal_hours_are_read-sublist" 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class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Notes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" 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For alternative rites of Orthodox services, see <a href="/wiki/Western_Rite_Orthodoxy" title="Western Rite Orthodoxy">Western Rite Orthodoxy</a>.</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1251242444">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .ambox.mbox-small-left{margin:4px 1em 4px 0;overflow:hidden;width:238px;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{border-left:10px solid #b32424;background-color:#fee7e6}.mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left:10px solid #b32424}.mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left:10px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left:10px solid #fc3}.mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left:10px solid #9932cc}.mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left:10px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.5em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 0.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.5em 2px 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image-div{width:52px}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ambox{margin:0 10%}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .ambox{display:none!important}}</style><table class="box-More_citations_needed plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Refimprove" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Question_book-new.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/50px-Question_book-new.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="39" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/75px-Question_book-new.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/100px-Question_book-new.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="399" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This article <b>needs additional citations for <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">verification</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help <a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Eastern_Orthodox_worship" title="Special:EditPage/Eastern Orthodox worship">improve this article</a> by <a href="/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners" title="Help:Referencing for beginners">adding citations to reliable sources</a>. 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href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><table class="sidebar sidebar-collapse nomobile nowraplinks plainlist"><tbody><tr><td class="sidebar-pretitle">Part of <a href="/wiki/Category:Eastern_Orthodoxy" title="Category:Eastern Orthodoxy">a series</a> on the</td></tr><tr><th class="sidebar-title-with-pretitle" style="font-size:140%;"><a href="/wiki/Eastern_Orthodox_Church" title="Eastern Orthodox Church">Eastern Orthodox Church</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-image"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Christ_Pantocrator_mosaic_from_Hagia_Sophia_2744_x_2900_pixels_3.1_MB.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Christ Pantocrator (Deesis mosaic detail)"><img alt="Christ Pantocrator (Deesis mosaic detail)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/Christ_Pantocrator_mosaic_from_Hagia_Sophia_2744_x_2900_pixels_3.1_MB.jpg/140px-Christ_Pantocrator_mosaic_from_Hagia_Sophia_2744_x_2900_pixels_3.1_MB.jpg" decoding="async" width="140" height="148" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/Christ_Pantocrator_mosaic_from_Hagia_Sophia_2744_x_2900_pixels_3.1_MB.jpg/210px-Christ_Pantocrator_mosaic_from_Hagia_Sophia_2744_x_2900_pixels_3.1_MB.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/Christ_Pantocrator_mosaic_from_Hagia_Sophia_2744_x_2900_pixels_3.1_MB.jpg/280px-Christ_Pantocrator_mosaic_from_Hagia_Sophia_2744_x_2900_pixels_3.1_MB.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2744" data-file-height="2900" /></a></span><div class="sidebar-caption">Mosaic of <a href="/wiki/Christ_Pantocrator" title="Christ Pantocrator">Christ Pantocrator</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hagia_Sophia" title="Hagia Sophia">Hagia Sophia</a></div></td></tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="background-color:gold"> Overview</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Organization_of_the_Eastern_Orthodox_Church" title="Organization of the Eastern Orthodox Church">Structure</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eastern_Orthodox_theology" title="Eastern Orthodox theology">Theology</a> (<a href="/wiki/History_of_Eastern_Orthodox_theology" title="History of Eastern Orthodox theology">History of theology</a>)</li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Liturgy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Eastern_Orthodox_Church" title="History of the Eastern Orthodox Church">Church history</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sacrament#Eastern_Orthodoxy_and_Oriental_Orthodoxy" title="Sacrament">Holy Mysteries</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Theosis_(Eastern_Christian_theology)" title="Theosis (Eastern Christian theology)">View of salvation</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Theotokos" title="Theotokos">View of Mary</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Icon#Eastern_Orthodox_teaching" title="Icon">View of icons</a></li></ul> </div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)">Background</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><a href="/wiki/Crucifixion_of_Jesus" title="Crucifixion of Jesus">Crucifixion</a> / <a href="/wiki/Resurrection_of_Jesus" title="Resurrection of Jesus">Resurrection</a> / <a href="/wiki/Ascension_of_Jesus" title="Ascension of Jesus">Ascension<br />of Jesus</a></div></li></ul> <div class="hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Christianity" title="Christianity">Christianity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_Church" title="Christian Church">Christian Church</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apostolic_succession" title="Apostolic succession">Apostolic succession</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Four_Marks_of_the_Church" title="Four Marks of the Church">Four Marks of the Church</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orthodoxy" title="Orthodoxy">Orthodoxy</a></li></ul> </div></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Organization_of_the_Eastern_Orthodox_Church" title="Organization of the Eastern Orthodox Church">Organization</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"><div class="hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Autonomy_(Eastern_Orthodoxy)" title="Autonomy (Eastern Orthodoxy)">Autonomy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Autocephaly" title="Autocephaly">Autocephaly</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Patriarchate" title="Patriarchate">Patriarchate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ecumenical_Patriarch_of_Constantinople" title="Ecumenical Patriarch of Constantinople">Ecumenical Patriarch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Episcopal_polity#Eastern_Orthodox_Church" title="Episcopal polity">Episcopal polity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canon_law_of_the_Eastern_Orthodox_Church" title="Canon law of the Eastern Orthodox Church">Canon law</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clergy#Orthodoxy" title="Clergy">Clergy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bishop_(Eastern_Orthodox_Church)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bishop (Eastern Orthodox Church)">Bishops</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Priesthood_(Orthodox_Church)" class="mw-redirect" title="Priesthood (Orthodox Church)">Priests</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deacon#Eastern_Orthodoxy_and_Eastern_Catholicism" title="Deacon">Deacons</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eastern_Christian_monasticism#Byzantine_monasticism" title="Eastern Christian monasticism">Monasticism</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Degrees_of_Eastern_Orthodox_monasticism" title="Degrees of Eastern Orthodox monasticism">Degrees</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orthodox_brotherhood" title="Orthodox brotherhood">Bratstvo</a></li></ul> </div></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Autocephaly" title="Autocephaly">Autocephalous</a> jurisdictions</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content">Autocephalous Churches who are officially part of the communion: <div class="hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ecumenical_Patriarchate_of_Constantinople" title="Ecumenical Patriarchate of Constantinople">Constantinople</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greek_Orthodox_Patriarchate_of_Alexandria" title="Greek Orthodox Patriarchate of Alexandria">Alexandria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greek_Orthodox_Patriarchate_of_Antioch" title="Greek Orthodox Patriarchate of Antioch">Antioch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greek_Orthodox_Patriarchate_of_Jerusalem" title="Greek Orthodox Patriarchate of Jerusalem">Jerusalem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_Orthodox_Church" title="Russian Orthodox Church">Russia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Serbian_Orthodox_Church" title="Serbian Orthodox Church">Serbia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romanian_Orthodox_Church" title="Romanian Orthodox Church">Romania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bulgarian_Orthodox_Church" title="Bulgarian Orthodox Church">Bulgaria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Georgian_Orthodox_Church" title="Georgian Orthodox Church">Georgia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Church_of_Cyprus" title="Church of Cyprus">Cyprus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Church_of_Greece" title="Church of Greece">Greece</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polish_Orthodox_Church" title="Polish Orthodox Church">Poland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albanian_Orthodox_Church" title="Albanian Orthodox Church">Albania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orthodox_Church_of_the_Czech_Lands_and_Slovakia" title="Orthodox Church of the Czech Lands and Slovakia">Czech Lands and Slovakia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Macedonian_Orthodox_Church_%E2%80%93_Archdiocese_of_Ohrid" class="mw-redirect" title="Macedonian Orthodox Church – Archdiocese of Ohrid">North Macedonia</a></li></ul> </div> <p>Autocephaly recognized by some autocephalous Churches <i>de jure</i>: </p> <div class="hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Orthodox_Church_in_America" title="Orthodox Church in America">America</a></li></ul> </div> <p>Autocephaly and canonicity recognized by Constantinople and 3 other autocephalous Churches: </p> <div class="hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Orthodox_Church_of_Ukraine" title="Orthodox Church of Ukraine">Ukraine (OCU)</a></li></ul> <p>Spiritual independence recognized by Georgian Orthodox Church: </p> <div class="hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ukrainian_Orthodox_Church_(Moscow_Patriarchate)" title="Ukrainian Orthodox Church (Moscow Patriarchate)">Ukraine (UOC)</a></li></ul> </div> <p><br /> </p> </div></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Autonomy" title="Autonomy">Autonomous</a> jurisdictions</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"><div class="hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Church_of_Sinai" title="Church of Sinai">Sinai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orthodox_Church_of_Finland" title="Orthodox Church of Finland">Finland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Estonian_Apostolic_Orthodox_Church" title="Estonian Apostolic Orthodox Church">Estonia (EP)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orthodox_Church_in_Japan" title="Orthodox Church in Japan">Japan (MP)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chinese_Orthodox_Church" title="Chinese Orthodox Church">China (MP)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romanian_Orthodox_Metropolis_of_the_Americas" title="Romanian Orthodox Metropolis of the Americas">Americas (RP)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Metropolis_of_Bessarabia" title="Metropolis of Bessarabia">Bessarabia (RP)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Metropolis_of_Chi%C8%99in%C4%83u_and_All_Moldova" title="Metropolis of Chișinău and All Moldova">Moldova (MP)</a></li></ul> </div> <p>Semi-Autonomous: </p> <div class="hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Church_of_Crete" title="Church of Crete">Crete (EP)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Estonian_Orthodox_Church_of_the_Moscow_Patriarchate" title="Estonian Orthodox Church of the Moscow Patriarchate">Estonia (MP)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_Orthodox_Church_Outside_of_Russia" title="Russian Orthodox Church Outside of Russia">ROCOR (MP)</a></li></ul> </div></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)">Episcopal assemblies</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"><div class="hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Assembly_of_Canonical_Orthodox_Bishops_of_Australia,_New_Zealand,_and_Oceania" title="Assembly of Canonical Orthodox Bishops of Australia, New Zealand, and Oceania">Australia, New Zealand, and Oceania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Assembly_of_Canonical_Orthodox_Bishops_of_Austria" title="Assembly of Canonical Orthodox Bishops of Austria">Austria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Assembly_of_Canonical_Orthodox_Bishops_of_Belgium,_Holland,_and_Luxembourg" title="Assembly of Canonical Orthodox Bishops of Belgium, Holland, and Luxembourg">Belgium, Holland, and Luxembourg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Assembly_of_Canonical_Orthodox_Bishops_of_Canada" title="Assembly of Canonical Orthodox Bishops of Canada">Canada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Assembly_of_Canonical_Orthodox_Bishops_of_France" title="Assembly of Canonical Orthodox Bishops of France">France</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Assembly_of_Canonical_Orthodox_Bishops_of_Germany" title="Assembly of Canonical Orthodox Bishops of Germany">Germany</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Assembly_of_Canonical_Orthodox_Bishops_of_Great_Britain_and_Ireland" title="Assembly of Canonical Orthodox Bishops of Great Britain and Ireland">Great Britain and Ireland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Assembly_of_Canonical_Orthodox_Bishops_of_Italy_and_Malta" title="Assembly of Canonical Orthodox Bishops of Italy and Malta">Italy and Malta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Assembly_of_Canonical_Orthodox_Bishops_of_Latin_America" title="Assembly of Canonical Orthodox Bishops of Latin America">Latin America</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Assembly_of_Canonical_Orthodox_Bishops_of_Scandinavia" title="Assembly of Canonical Orthodox Bishops of Scandinavia">Scandinavia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Assembly_of_Canonical_Orthodox_Bishops_of_Spain_and_Portugal" title="Assembly of Canonical Orthodox Bishops of Spain and Portugal">Spain and Portugal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Assembly_of_Canonical_Orthodox_Bishops_of_Switzerland_and_Liechtenstein" title="Assembly of Canonical Orthodox Bishops of Switzerland and Liechtenstein">Switzerland and Liechtenstein</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Assembly_of_Canonical_Orthodox_Bishops_of_the_United_States_of_America" title="Assembly of Canonical Orthodox Bishops of the United States of America">United States of America</a></li></ul> </div></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)">Noncanonical jurisdictions</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"><div class="hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Old_Believers" title="Old Believers">Old Believers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spiritual_Christianity" title="Spiritual Christianity">Spiritual Christianity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/True_Orthodoxy" class="mw-redirect" title="True Orthodoxy">True Orthodoxy</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Catacomb_Church" title="Catacomb Church">Catacomb Church</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Old_Calendarists" title="Old Calendarists">Old Calendarists</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/American_Orthodox_Catholic_Church" title="American Orthodox Catholic Church">American Orthodox Catholic Church</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/American_World_Patriarchs" class="mw-redirect" title="American World Patriarchs">American World Patriarchs</a></li></ul> </div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Organization_of_the_Eastern_Orthodox_Church#Churches_that_are_unrecognized" title="Organization of the Eastern Orthodox Church">National</a> churches:</li></ul> <div class="hlist"> <ul><li><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abkhazian_Orthodox_Church" title="Abkhazian Orthodox Church">Abkhazia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Belarusian_Autocephalous_Orthodox_Church" title="Belarusian Autocephalous Orthodox Church">Belarus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orthodox_Church_in_Italy" title="Orthodox Church in Italy">Italy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Latvian_Orthodox_Church" title="Latvian Orthodox Church">Latvia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Independent_Orthodox_Churches_in_Montenegro" class="mw-redirect" title="Independent Orthodox Churches in Montenegro">Montenegro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turkish_Orthodox_Church" class="mw-redirect" title="Turkish Orthodox Church">Turkey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ukrainian_Orthodox_Church_%E2%80%93_Kyiv_Patriarchate" title="Ukrainian Orthodox Church – Kyiv Patriarchate">UOC–KP</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Evangelical_Orthodox_Church" title="Evangelical Orthodox Church">Evangelical Orthodox</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Ecumenical_council" title="Ecumenical council">Ecumenical councils</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/First_seven_ecumenical_councils" title="First seven ecumenical councils">First Seven Ecumenical Councils</a>:</li></ul> <div class="hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/First_Council_of_Nicaea" title="First Council of Nicaea">First</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/First_Council_of_Constantinople" title="First Council of Constantinople">Second</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Council_of_Ephesus" title="Council of Ephesus">Third</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Council_of_Chalcedon" title="Council of Chalcedon">Fourth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second_Council_of_Constantinople" title="Second Council of Constantinople">Fifth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Third_Council_of_Constantinople" title="Third Council of Constantinople">Sixth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second_Council_of_Nicaea" title="Second Council of Nicaea">Seventh</a></li></ul> </div> <ul><li>Other possible ecumenical councils:</li></ul> <div class="hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fourth_Council_of_Constantinople_(Eastern_Orthodox)" title="Fourth Council of Constantinople (Eastern Orthodox)">Eighth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fifth_Council_of_Constantinople" title="Fifth Council of Constantinople">Ninth</a></li></ul> </div> <ul><li>Other important councils:</li></ul> <div class="hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Quinisext_Council" title="Quinisext Council">Quinisext Council</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Synod_of_Jassy" title="Synod of Jassy">Jassy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Great_Moscow_Synod" title="Great Moscow Synod">Moscow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Synod_of_Jerusalem_(1672)" title="Synod of Jerusalem (1672)">Jerusalem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Council_of_Constantinople_(1872)" title="Council of Constantinople (1872)">Constantinople (1872)</a></li></ul> </div></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Eastern_Orthodox_Church" title="History of the Eastern Orthodox Church">History</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"><div class="hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Church_Fathers" title="Church Fathers">Church Fathers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pentarchy" title="Pentarchy">Pentarchy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Byzantine_Empire" title="Byzantine Empire">Byzantine Empire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christianization_of_Iberia" title="Christianization of Iberia">Christianization of Georgia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christianization_of_Bulgaria" title="Christianization of Bulgaria">Christianization of Bulgaria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christianization_of_Kievan_Rus%27" title="Christianization of Kievan Rus'">Christianization of Kievan Rus'</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/East%E2%80%93West_Schism" title="East–West Schism">Great Schism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Russian_Orthodox_Church" title="History of the Russian Orthodox Church">Russia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Eastern_Orthodox_Church_under_the_Ottoman_Empire" title="History of the Eastern Orthodox Church under the Ottoman Empire">Ottoman Empire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eastern_Orthodoxy_in_North_America" title="Eastern Orthodoxy in North America">North America</a></li> <li>Moscow–Constantinople schism <ul><li><a href="/wiki/15th%E2%80%9316th_century_Moscow%E2%80%93Constantinople_schism" title="15th–16th century Moscow–Constantinople schism">15th–16th c.</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1996_Moscow%E2%80%93Constantinople_schism" title="1996 Moscow–Constantinople schism">1996</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2018_Moscow%E2%80%93Constantinople_schism" title="2018 Moscow–Constantinople schism">2018</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Eastern_Orthodox_theology" title="Eastern Orthodox theology">Theology</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Eastern_Orthodox_theology" title="History of Eastern Orthodox theology">History of Eastern Orthodox theology</a> <ul><li>(<a href="/wiki/History_of_Eastern_Orthodox_theology_in_the_20th_century" title="History of Eastern Orthodox theology in the 20th century">20th century (Neo-Palamism)</a>)</li></ul></li></ul> <div class="hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Apophatic_theology" title="Apophatic theology">Apophaticism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chrismation" title="Chrismation">Chrismation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_contemplation" class="mw-redirect" title="Christian contemplation">Contemplative prayer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Essence%E2%80%93energies_distinction" title="Essence–energies distinction">Essence vs. Energies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hesychasm" title="Hesychasm">Hesychasm</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trinity" title="Trinity">Holy Trinity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hypostatic_union" title="Hypostatic union">Hypostatic union</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Icon" title="Icon">Icons</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Metousiosis" title="Metousiosis">Metousiosis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mystical_theology#Eastern_Orthodox_Church" title="Mystical theology">Mystical theology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nicene_Creed" title="Nicene Creed">Nicene Creed</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nepsis" title="Nepsis">Nepsis</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Economy_(religion)" title="Economy (religion)">Oikonomia</a></i> vs <i><a href="/wiki/Akribeia" title="Akribeia">Akribeia</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ousia" title="Ousia">Ousia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palamism" title="Palamism">Palamism</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Philokalia" title="Philokalia">Philokalia</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phronema" title="Phronema">Phronema</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eastern_Orthodox_view_of_sin" title="Eastern Orthodox view of sin">Sin</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Theosis_(Eastern_Christian_theology)" title="Theosis (Eastern Christian theology)">Theosis</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Theotokos" title="Theotokos">Theotokos</a></i></li></ul> </div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Theological_differences_between_the_Catholic_Church_and_the_Eastern_Orthodox_Church" title="Theological differences between the Catholic Church and the Eastern Orthodox Church">Differences from the Catholic Church</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eastern_Orthodox_teaching_regarding_the_Filioque" title="Eastern Orthodox teaching regarding the Filioque">Opposition to the Filioque</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eastern_Orthodox_opposition_to_papal_supremacy" title="Eastern Orthodox opposition to papal supremacy">Opposition to papal supremacy</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Liturgy and worship</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Divine_Liturgy" title="Divine Liturgy">Divine Liturgy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Divine_Service_(Eastern_Orthodoxy)" class="mw-redirect" title="Divine Service (Eastern Orthodoxy)">Divine Services</a></li></ul> <div class="hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Akathist" title="Akathist">Akathist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apolytikion" title="Apolytikion">Apolytikion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Artos" title="Artos">Artos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ectenia" title="Ectenia">Ectenia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Euchologion" title="Euchologion">Euchologion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Holy_water_in_Eastern_Christianity" title="Holy water in Eastern Christianity">Holy Water</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iconostasis" title="Iconostasis">Iconostasis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jesus_Prayer" title="Jesus Prayer">Jesus Prayer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kontakion" title="Kontakion">Kontakion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Entrance_(liturgical)" title="Entrance (liturgical)">Liturgical entrances</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liturgical_fan_in_the_Eastern_Orthodox_Church" class="mw-redirect" title="Liturgical fan in the Eastern Orthodox Church">Liturgical fans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lity_in_the_Eastern_Orthodox_Church" class="mw-redirect" title="Lity in the Eastern Orthodox Church">Lity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Memorial_service_in_the_Eastern_Orthodox_Church" title="Memorial service in the Eastern Orthodox Church">Memorial service</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Memory_Eternal" title="Memory Eternal">Memory Eternal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Omophorion" title="Omophorion">Omophorion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bowing_in_the_Eastern_Orthodox_Church" title="Bowing in the Eastern Orthodox Church">Eastern Orthodox bowing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marriage_in_the_Eastern_Orthodox_Church" title="Marriage in the Eastern Orthodox Church">Eastern Orthodox marriage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Praxis_(Byzantine_Rite)" title="Praxis (Byzantine Rite)">Praxis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paraklesis" title="Paraklesis">Paraklesis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paschal_greeting" title="Paschal greeting">Paschal greeting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paschal_Homily" title="Paschal Homily">Paschal Homily</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paschal_troparion" title="Paschal troparion">Paschal troparion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prayer_rope" title="Prayer rope">Prayer rope</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prosphora" title="Prosphora">Prosphora</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_Orthodox_bell_ringing" title="Russian Orthodox bell ringing">Russian bell ringing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Semantron" title="Semantron">Semantron</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sign_of_the_cross#Eastern_Orthodoxy" title="Sign of the cross">Sign of the cross</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sticheron" title="Sticheron">Sticheron</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Troparion" title="Troparion">Troparion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vestment#Byzantine_Rite" title="Vestment">Vestments</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thurible#Byzantine_Rite" title="Thurible">Use of incense</a></li></ul> </div></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Eastern_Orthodox_liturgical_calendar" title="Eastern Orthodox liturgical calendar">Liturgical calendar</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Paschal_cycle" title="Paschal cycle">Paschal cycle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Great_feasts_in_the_Eastern_Orthodox_Church" title="Great feasts in the Eastern Orthodox Church">12 Great Feasts</a></li> <li>Other feasts:</li></ul> <div class="hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Feast_of_Orthodoxy" title="Feast of Orthodoxy">Feast of Orthodoxy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Intercession_of_the_Theotokos" title="Intercession of the Theotokos">Intercession of the Theotokos</a></li></ul> </div> <ul><li>The four fasting periods:</li></ul> <div class="hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Nativity_Fast" title="Nativity Fast">Nativity Fast</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Great_Lent" title="Great Lent">Great Lent</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apostles%27_Fast" title="Apostles' Fast">Apostles' Fast</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dormition_of_the_Mother_of_God" title="Dormition of the Mother of God">Dormition</a> Fast</li></ul> </div></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)">Major figures</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"><div class="hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Athanasius_of_Alexandria" title="Athanasius of Alexandria">Athanasius of Alexandria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ephrem_the_Syrian" title="Ephrem the Syrian">Ephrem the Syrian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Basil_of_Caesarea" title="Basil of Caesarea">Basil of Caesarea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cyril_of_Jerusalem" title="Cyril of Jerusalem">Cyril of Jerusalem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gregory_of_Nazianzus" title="Gregory of Nazianzus">Gregory of Nazianzus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gregory_of_Nyssa" title="Gregory of Nyssa">Gregory of Nyssa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Chrysostom" title="John Chrysostom">John Chrysostom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cyril_of_Alexandria" title="Cyril of Alexandria">Cyril of Alexandria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Climacus" title="John Climacus">John Climacus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maximus_the_Confessor" title="Maximus the Confessor">Maximus the Confessor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_of_Damascus" title="John of Damascus">John of Damascus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theodore_the_Studite" title="Theodore the Studite">Theodore the Studite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kassia" title="Kassia">Kassiani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cyril_and_Methodius" title="Cyril and Methodius">Cyril and Methodius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Photios_I_of_Constantinople" title="Photios I of Constantinople">Photios I of Constantinople</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gregory_Palamas" title="Gregory Palamas">Gregory Palamas</a></li></ul> </div></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)">Other topics</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"><div class="hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Eastern_Orthodox_church_architecture" title="Eastern Orthodox church architecture">Architecture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Folk_Orthodoxy" title="Folk Orthodoxy">Folk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Encyclical_of_the_Eastern_Patriarchs" title="Encyclical of the Eastern Patriarchs">Encyclical of the Eastern Patriarchs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_Orthodox_cross" title="Russian Orthodox cross">Eastern Orthodox cross</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Eastern_Orthodox_saint_titles" title="List of Eastern Orthodox saint titles">Saint titles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eastern_Orthodoxy_by_country" title="Eastern Orthodoxy by country">Statistics by country</a></li></ul> </div></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-navbar"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Eastern_Orthodox_Church_sidebar" title="Template:Eastern Orthodox Church sidebar"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Eastern_Orthodox_Church_sidebar" title="Template talk:Eastern Orthodox Church sidebar"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Eastern_Orthodox_Church_sidebar" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Eastern Orthodox Church sidebar"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><a href="/wiki/Eastern_Orthodox_Church" title="Eastern Orthodox Church">Eastern Orthodox</a> worship in this article is distinguished from Eastern Orthodox prayer in that 'worship' refers to the activity of the <a href="/wiki/Christian_Church" title="Christian Church">Christian Church</a> as a body offering up prayers to <a href="/wiki/God_in_Christianity" title="God in Christianity">God</a> while 'prayer' refers to the individual devotional traditions of the <a href="/wiki/Orthodoxy" title="Orthodoxy">Orthodox</a>. </p><p>The worship of the Eastern Orthodox Church is viewed as the church's fundamental activity because the worship of God is the joining of man to God in prayer and that is the essential function of <a href="/wiki/Jesus_in_Christianity" title="Jesus in Christianity">Christ</a>'s Church. The Eastern Orthodox view their church as being the living embodiment of Christ, through the grace of His <a href="/wiki/Holy_Spirit_in_Christianity" title="Holy Spirit in Christianity">Holy Spirit</a>, in the people, clergy, monks and all other members of the church. Thus the church is viewed as the <a href="/wiki/Body_of_Christ" title="Body of Christ">Body of Christ</a> on earth which is perpetually unified with the Body of Christ in heaven through a common act of worship to God. </p><p>This article deals first with the various characteristics of Orthodox worship, aside from its theological foundations as laid forth above, and then continues to give the services of worship themselves and their structure. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Characteristics_of_Eastern_Orthodox_worship">Characteristics of Eastern Orthodox worship</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eastern_Orthodox_worship&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Characteristics of Eastern Orthodox worship"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Physical">Physical</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eastern_Orthodox_worship&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Physical"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>As explained above, the Orthodox draw no distinction between the Body of Christ in heaven and that on earth, viewing both parts of the church as inseparable and in continuous worship together of God. Orthodox worship therefore expresses this unity of earth and heaven in every possible way so that the earthly worshippers are continually reminded through all their senses of the heavenly state of the church. The particular methods for doing this are very far from arbitrary but have been passed down from the earliest periods in Christian history through what the Orthodox call "<a href="/wiki/Holy_Tradition" class="mw-redirect" title="Holy Tradition">Holy Tradition</a>". </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Sights">Sights</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eastern_Orthodox_worship&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Sights"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Probably the most striking aspect of Orthodox worship is its visual characteristics. These are many and varied, always conveying in the most striking colors and shapes possible the various phases and moods of the church both as they change throughout the year and in individual services. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Icons">Icons</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eastern_Orthodox_worship&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Icons"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Icons" class="mw-redirect" title="Icons">Icons</a></div> <p>Icons are used to bring the worshippers into the presence of those who are in heaven, that is, Christ, the Saints, the <a href="/wiki/Theotokos" title="Theotokos">Theotokos</a> and the angels. The Orthodox believe these icons do more than visually remind the viewer of the fact that there are saints in heaven, they believe that these icons act as 'windows' into heaven through which we see those saints, Christ and the Theotokos. It is for this reason that God the father is traditionally not represented in icons because He has never shown His form to man and therefore man should not try to represent His form in icons. It is because of the connection which these sacred pictures have with their subjects that Orthodox Christians regularly <a href="/wiki/Venerate" class="mw-redirect" title="Venerate">venerate</a> (but do not worship) them even as Orthodox still living on earth greet one another with a kiss of peace, so do they venerate those who have passed on through their icons. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Architecture">Architecture</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eastern_Orthodox_worship&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Architecture"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Eastern_Orthodox_architecture" class="mw-redirect" title="Eastern Orthodox architecture">Eastern Orthodox architecture</a></div> <p>Both the internal and external forms of <a href="/wiki/Eastern_Orthodox_architecture" class="mw-redirect" title="Eastern Orthodox architecture">Orthodox churches</a> are designed in imitation of heaven. The internal layout consists of three main parts: the <a href="/wiki/Narthex" title="Narthex">narthex</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nave" title="Nave">nave</a> and <a href="/wiki/Altar" title="Altar">altar</a>. The <a href="/wiki/Royal_doors" title="Royal doors">royal doors</a> divide the narthex from the nave and the <a href="/wiki/Iconostasis" title="Iconostasis">iconostasis</a> divides the nave from the altar. The narthex or porch is the entrance to the church building and not yet the actual 'church' proper, and is a small open space often with some candles to buy before entering the church itself. Once through the doyal Doors (a term often applied now to the doors in the center of the iconostasis as well) there is the nave, which is the main and largest part of the church building. Here all the laity and choir stand (there are often few or no seats in the building) during worship; it is shaped rectangularly in the back, opening into two wings forming a cross towards the front. Through the iconostasis (always done through the 'Deacon's doors' on either side except during processions by the clergy) lies the altar (or sanctuary). This area is considered the most holy of the whole church, and laity other than church personnel are discouraged from entering. The altar is square (completing the cross shape of the church building) and at its center is the <a href="/wiki/Altar_table" class="mw-redirect" title="Altar table">altar table</a> on which the Eucharist is celebrated and which only clergy may touch. There is no direct entrance to the outside of the church to the altar, only the deacons' doors and a door to the <a href="/wiki/Sacristy" title="Sacristy">sacristy</a> (which usually leads outside). The main entrance from the nave to the sanctuary, the "beautiful gate", cannot be used by deacons and laity, only by priests or bishops. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Vestments">Vestments</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eastern_Orthodox_worship&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Vestments"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Vestment#Eastern_Church_vestments" title="Vestment">Vestment § Eastern Church vestments</a></div> <p>All those above lay status (the choir is considered to be lay as it sings in place of the congregation) wear some form of vestment to distinguish their office. There are many offices and each has its own distinctive vestment and each set of vestments becomes increasingly elaborate as the rank of the wearer increases; this principle also holds true for how weighty a service is being served. All these vestments are in the style of robes (or designed to go with robes) made of colored and decorated cloth. The colors of all the vestments change according to what <a href="/wiki/Calendar_of_Saints" class="mw-redirect" title="Calendar of Saints">feast</a> the church is celebrating (these changes occur in a seasonal fashion, not with the seasons but on a similar timescale). For instance, for about two months after the celebration of the Resurrection, all church vestments are bright white and red whereas during the solemnity of Lent they are dark purples; thus, vestments serve to express the 'mood' of the church. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Processions">Processions</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eastern_Orthodox_worship&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Processions"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>As most actions in Orthodox worship, processions are most often used to commemorate events and also, of course, to display items of religious, and particularly Orthodox, significance. Their most fundamental purpose however is, as everything in Orthodox worship, to aid in the edification and salvation of the worshippers by giving glory to God. Processions are always led by a number of altar servers bearing candles, fans (ornamented discs with angelic visages represented), crosses, banners or other processional implements relative to the occasion. After them come the subdeacons, deacons and archdeacons with censers (ornamental containers of burning coal for burning incense), then priests and archpriests and so on up the clergical ranks. This is the very 'ideal' in processions, most do not contain all these elements because the occasion may not warrant it. The reasons for why various processions are done at various times vary greatly. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Candles">Candles</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eastern_Orthodox_worship&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Candles"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Candles are used extensively throughout the church during services and after. They are viewed as continual, inanimate prayers offered by the candle's 'benefactor' to God or saints usually on behalf of a third party, although they can be offered for any purpose. Candlestands are placed in front of particularly significant icons throughout Orthodox churches, these always have a central candle burning on behalf of the church as a whole but have room for Orthodox to place candles. In particular candlestands are placed in front of the four principle icons on the iconostasis: the icon of Christ, the Theotokos, John the Baptist and the temple's patron. Candles are not restricted to this usage however, besides being used in processions a candle is kept burning above the royal doors in the iconostasis, candles in a seven-branched candelabrum are burned during services on the altar (following in the footsteps of the seven branched candlestand in the Old Testament) as well as other candles used at various times in the church year for special purposes. (see Dikri and Trikri) </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Sounds">Sounds</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eastern_Orthodox_worship&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Sounds"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Eastern Orthodox Church traditionally does not use any instruments in the liturgy, instead relying entirely on choral music and chanting. Essentially all the words of Orthodox services, except sermons and such, are either chanted or sung by readers and choirs and when possible the congregations. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Chanting">Chanting</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eastern_Orthodox_worship&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Chanting"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Nothing in Orthodox worship is simply said; it is always sung or chanted. Chanting in the Orthodox tradition can be described as being halfway between talking and singing; it is musical but not music. Only a few notes are used in chanting, and the chanter reads the words to these notes at a steady rhythm. The notes and rhythms used vary according to what the occasion is, but generally chanting is relatively low-toned and steadily rhythmic creating a calming sound. Chanting not only is conducive to a calm and elevated state of mind but also allows chanters to read through large portions of texts (particularly Psalms) more clearly and quickly than possible with normal speech while also conveying the poetry in the words. That is the essential reason for chanting. Worship at its heart is a song and is beautiful; therefore the words of Orthodox worship cannot be simply said but must be melodiously chanted to express the true nature and purpose of the words. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Singing">Singing</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eastern_Orthodox_worship&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Singing"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Words not chanted in Orthodox worship are sung by a choir. Originally singing was done by the entire congregation, however this rapidly became cumbersome <sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (November 2022)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> and a select group of singers was selected to represent the congregation. Since then Orthodox church music has expanded and become more elaborate. The church uses eight 'tones' or 'modes,' which are broad categories of melodies. Within each of these tones are many small more precise melodies. All of these tones and their melodies rotate weekly so that during each week a particular tone is used for singing music. Singing naturally developed from chanting but, unlike in the west, Orthodox music developed from a Greek musical background. Even though Orthodoxy has spread and its music adapted to its various regions, still Orthodox music is distinctive from European music. Singing is used in place of chanting on important occasions thus some things which are chanted at minor services are sung at more important services. Singing is as varied and multi-faceted in its forms as chanting and vestments, it changes with the church 'seasons' of commemoration thus singing during Great Lent is always somber and during Holy Week nearly becomes a sorrowful dirge while during <a href="/wiki/Easter" title="Easter">Pascha</a> (Easter) and the <a href="/wiki/Pentecostarion" title="Pentecostarion">Paschal season</a> the notes are high and quick and as joyful as they were sad during Lent. The power of music is not lost on the Orthodox and it is used to its full effect to bring about spiritual renewal in the listeners. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Bells">Bells</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eastern_Orthodox_worship&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Bells"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Russian_Orthodox_bell_ringing" title="Russian Orthodox bell ringing">Russian Orthodox bell ringing</a></div> <p>In Russian and Greek Orthodox churches bells are often used. The size of the bells can vary widely as can their number and complexity of tone. Generally however they are rung to announce the beginning and end of services or to proclaim especially significant moments in the services. They are not used as musical instruments in the strict sense, that is, they are not used in conjunction with a choir and are not a part of the worship itself and are always positioned outside the church building. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Scents">Scents</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eastern_Orthodox_worship&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Scents"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In Orthodox worship, even the sense of smell is used to enlighten the minds and hearts of the worshipers, bringing them into closer communion with God. This is done primarily through the use of incense, but it is not uncommon at certain times of the year to decorate the interior of Orthodox temples with aromatic flowers and herbs. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Incense">Incense</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eastern_Orthodox_worship&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Incense"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main articles: <a href="/wiki/Incense" title="Incense">Incense</a> and <a href="/wiki/Thurible" title="Thurible">Thurible</a></div> <p>Incense in the Eastern Orthodox Church is burned at essentially every worship service usually multiple times. This is always done by burning granulated incense on a hot coal inside a censer. The censer is essentially two metal bowls suspended by chains and which can be raised and lowered to allow more or less smoke out. Incense is burned, in accordance with Old Testament tradition, as an essential mode of worship to God and is burned in token of reverence to objects of sanctity such as relics, bishops, icons, the congregation and many other besides. During the course of every service, all objects of repute are censed by the deacon or priest. This is done by swinging the censer forward and bringing it back sending a cloud of aromatic smoke towards the object being censed. </p> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Censer" title="Censer">Censer</a></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Other_aromas">Other aromas</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eastern_Orthodox_worship&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Other aromas"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Scented oils are also used, sometimes to anoint the <a href="/wiki/Feast_day" class="mw-redirect" title="Feast day">feast day</a> <a href="/wiki/Icon" title="Icon">icon</a>, or added to the <a href="/wiki/Olive_oil" title="Olive oil">olive oil</a> which is blessed for <a href="/wiki/Anointing" title="Anointing">anointing</a> during the <a href="/wiki/All-Night_Vigil" class="mw-redirect" title="All-Night Vigil">All-Night Vigil</a>. Or the faithful may be blessed by the priest sprinkling them with <a href="/wiki/Rose_water" title="Rose water">rose water</a>. </p><p>There are also times when fragrant plants are used. For instance, on the <a href="/wiki/Great_Feast" class="mw-redirect" title="Great Feast">Great Feast</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Dormition_of_the_Theotokos" class="mw-redirect" title="Dormition of the Theotokos">Dormition of the Theotokos</a> there is a special "Blessing of Fragrant Herbage" which takes place after the <a href="/wiki/Divine_Liturgy" title="Divine Liturgy">Divine Liturgy</a>. On the Great Feast of <a href="/wiki/Pentecost" title="Pentecost">Pentecost</a> it is customary to fill the church with greenery, sometimes fresh hay or grass is spread about the floor, and the faithful often stand holding flowers during the services on this day, especially at the <a href="/wiki/Vespers" title="Vespers">Vespers</a> service on the afternoon of Pentecost Sunday. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Actions">Actions</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eastern_Orthodox_worship&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Actions"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Eastern Orthodox Church is fully conscious of the importance of the physical in general and of the human body in particular. As a result, Orthodox worship does not neglect to incorporate the body into its worship and to enlighten the worshippers through it as through any other medium. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="The_Sign_of_the_Cross">The Sign of the Cross</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eastern_Orthodox_worship&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: The Sign of the Cross"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Further information: <a href="/wiki/Sign_of_the_Cross" class="mw-redirect" title="Sign of the Cross">Sign of the Cross</a></div> <p>The sign of the cross (three fingers imprinted on the forehead, torso, right then left shoulders) is the most fundamental religious action of the Eastern Orthodox Church and is performed very frequently in Orthodox worship. This action is, of course, done in remembrance and invocation of the Cross of Christ. This can be meant for protection from adverse powers, in reverence for something or someone, in compunction or love or for a multitude of other reasons not nearly so specific. The Orthodox view it as a way of purifying the body and soul and the Orthodox oral tradition is very strong in viewing it as a weapon against demons and their activities. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Standing_and_kneeling">Standing and kneeling</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eastern_Orthodox_worship&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: Standing and kneeling"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>To express the respect of God which is congruent with the worship of Him, Orthodox stand while in worship as if they were in the presence of a king. Traditionally, women stand on in the north side of the church in front of the icon of the Mother of God while the men stand on in the south side of the church in front of the icon of Christ; now however this is rarely done and worshipers simply stand in any open space in the nave facing the altar and praying silently or singing as they stand. In most Orthodox churches, the congregants stand through the entire service with the exception of the elderly who may choose to sit in chairs or on benches in the back or along the sides of the church. In the diaspora some churches have pews. While prostrations and kneeling are prescribed during some occasional vespers, matins, or other special services through the church year, these are an expression of penitence and deep compunction and so restricted almost exclusively to Lenten services. For instance, at the Lenten presanctified liturgy during the Lord's Prayer all people, clergy and laity, prostrate or kneel. In contrast, on Sundays and from Pascha to Pentecost, kneeling is prohibited in accordance with the <a href="/wiki/First_Council_of_Nicaea" title="First Council of Nicaea">First Council of Nicaea</a>'s decree "that prayer be made to God standing".<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Bowing_and_prostrating">Bowing and prostrating</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eastern_Orthodox_worship&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: Bowing and prostrating"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Bowing_in_the_Eastern_Orthodox_Church" title="Bowing in the Eastern Orthodox Church">Bowing in the Eastern Orthodox Church</a></div> <p>A bow in the Eastern Orthodox Church consists of a person making the sign of the cross and then bowing from the waist and touching the floor with their fingers. This action is done extensively throughout all Orthodox services and is a fundamental way that the Orthodox express their reverence and subservience to God. For instance, at the culminating point of the consecration of the Eucharist all the Orthodox make a bow while saying "Amen". Bows are used more extensively in Lent than at any other time. Three bows are done when entering an Orthodox church and a series of bows are performed when venerating the central icons in the nave. A prostration in the Orthodox tradition is the action in which a person makes the sign of the cross and, going to his knees, touches the floor with his head. Prostrations express to an even greater degree the reverence evinced by a bow and both are used as tools to train the mind in reverence of God through the obeisance of the body. A prostration is always done upon entering the altar (sanctuary) on weekdays. They are used in the most profusion during Lent. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Greetings_and_blessings">Greetings and blessings</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eastern_Orthodox_worship&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: Greetings and blessings"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Even as Orthodox venerate and do reverence to icons and the church building as being physical objects filled with divine grace so too they greet one another. Traditionally this is done whenever or wherever Orthodox meet one another but in common usage the traditional greetings between lay people are usually done in ritual contexts (during services or such activities). Orthodox greetings are, just like the veneration of icons, expressions of love and reverence for the person being greeted. Greetings between lay people of equal rank are done by the parties grasping one another's right hand and then kissing each other on both cheeks, the right first, then left and right again. Between clergy of equal rank the same is done but at the end the parties kiss one another on the hand. Orthodox of lower ranks (lay people, altar servers and deacons) when meeting Orthodox priests (or higher ranks) receive a blessing by folding their hands (right over left) palm upwards while he of the priestly office makes the sign of the cross in the air with his hand over the folded hands of the lay person and then places that hand on the folded hands of he of lower rank for him to kiss. This is done because the Orthodox view the priestly office as the one through which Christ lives with his people and thus the blessing is the essential bestowing of Christ's love and grace through His priest to the Orthodox person being blessed. Blessings like this are also used during services to signify the approval of Christ and the Eastern Orthodox Church for some action a lower order person is going to do. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Tastes">Tastes</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eastern_Orthodox_worship&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: Tastes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Orthodox worship, in keeping with the earliest traditions of Christian worship, involves eating as part of services probably more than any other denomination. Besides the bread and wine in the Eucharist, bread, wine, wheat, fruits and other foods are eaten at a number of special services. The kinds of foods used vary widely from culture to culture. During special memorial services, a special sweet called <a href="/wiki/Koliva" title="Koliva">Koliva</a> is blessed and served in memory of the departed. In Slavic tradition, a dinner follows the Divine Liturgy to break the fast of midnight. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Bread">Bread</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eastern_Orthodox_worship&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section: Bread"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main articles: <a href="/wiki/Prosphora" title="Prosphora">Prosphora</a> and <a href="/wiki/Artos" title="Artos">Artos</a></div> <p>Bread is by far the most common Orthodox repast in worship and is always leavened. Bread is viewed theologically as the quintessential food, the symbol of sustenance and life. As such, it is also considered to be the central component of communal meals and a mainstay of brotherhood. Although its use for <a href="/wiki/Prosphora" title="Prosphora">Prosphora</a> and in the <a href="/wiki/Eucharist" title="Eucharist">Eucharist</a> are ancient and universal, the various other kinds of ecclesial breads and their purposes vary widely from country to country as do their associated services. These services usually are associated with seasonal prayers, such as the harvest. </p><p>The most common non-Eucharistic bread is the <a href="/wiki/Artos" title="Artos">artos</a>. This is in two forms: five smaller loaves which are blessed during a portion of the <a href="/wiki/All-Night_Vigil" class="mw-redirect" title="All-Night Vigil">All-Night Vigil</a> known as the <a href="/wiki/Artoklassia" class="mw-redirect" title="Artoklassia">Artoklassia</a> (literally, "breaking of bread"); and a single, large loaf which is blessed during the <a href="/wiki/Paschal_Vigil" class="mw-redirect" title="Paschal Vigil">Paschal Vigil</a> and then remains in the church during <a href="/wiki/Bright_Week" title="Bright Week">Bright Week</a> (Easter Week). This Artos (capitalized because it symbolizes the <a href="/wiki/Resurrection_of_Jesus" title="Resurrection of Jesus">Resurrected Jesus</a>) is venerated by the faithful when they enter or leave the church during Bright Week. Then, on <a href="/wiki/Bright_Saturday" class="mw-redirect" title="Bright Saturday">Bright Saturday</a>, the priest says a prayer over the Artos and it is broken up and distributed among the faithful as an <span title="Ancient Greek (to 1453)-language romanization"><i lang="grc-Latn">evlogia</i></span> (blessing). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Wine">Wine</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eastern_Orthodox_worship&action=edit&section=23" title="Edit section: Wine"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The continual companion of bread in the church is wine which is also seen with it in the Eucharist and Prosphora. Wine is viewed theologically as the symbol of the joy and happiness which God gives to man. Thus it is also thought of as the essential component of meals and the community, to 'drink of the same cup' is a theological allegory to intimate spiritual union. In its various local usages, wine is always taken with the bread, usually poured over it or used for dipping as with Prosphora. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Wheat">Wheat</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eastern_Orthodox_worship&action=edit&section=24" title="Edit section: Wheat"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>As the corollary to bread, wheat is very frequently seen in Orthodox services as well. Though it does not hold nearly as central a place theologically or in use, it is seen as a symbol of resurrection and rebirth because a grain of wheat must be buried in the earth, 'die' and then be 'born again' with new growth and life. Because of this it is often seen in prayers for the dead; in the Greek and Russian tradition <a href="/wiki/Koliva" title="Koliva">Koliva</a> is a boiled wheat dish eaten at the end of a service for a deceased person. In Serbian tradition wheat <a href="/wiki/Koljivo" class="mw-redirect" title="Koljivo">Zito</a> is served at <a href="/wiki/Slava_(tradition)" title="Slava (tradition)">Slava</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Water">Water</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eastern_Orthodox_worship&action=edit&section=25" title="Edit section: Water"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>As wheat is to bread, so water is to wine or even more so because it holds a much more prominent position and use and theology. Wine in the Eastern Orthodox Church, as in early Christian history, is always mixed with water for the Eucharist. It is associated with cleansing of the soul and thus the Holy Spirit and <a href="/wiki/Baptism" title="Baptism">Baptism</a>. </p><p>Besides its use in Baptism, <a href="/wiki/Holy_water" title="Holy water">holy water</a>, specially blessed by a priest, is used extensively for many sanctification purposes and is usually sprinkled on objects. At certain services, particularly at <a href="/wiki/Epiphany_(holiday)" title="Epiphany (holiday)">Theophany</a>, a special holy water, known as <a href="/wiki/Theophany_water" class="mw-redirect" title="Theophany water">Theophany water</a> is consecrated and partaken of during the service by each member of the congregation in turn. Theophany water is blessed twice: on the <a href="/wiki/Yesterday_(time)" title="Yesterday (time)">eve</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Great_Feast" class="mw-redirect" title="Great Feast">feast</a> it is blessed in the <a href="/wiki/Narthex" title="Narthex">narthex</a> of the church (the place where baptisms take place), and then the next morning, on the day of the feast, after <a href="/wiki/Divine_Liturgy" title="Divine Liturgy">Divine Liturgy</a>, an outside body of water is blessed, demonstrating the sanctification of all creation which in <a href="/wiki/Eastern_Orthodox_theology" title="Eastern Orthodox theology">Eastern Orthodox theology</a> was accomplished by Christ's <a href="/wiki/Incarnation_of_Jesus" class="mw-redirect" title="Incarnation of Jesus">incarnation</a>, <a href="/wiki/Crucifixion_of_Jesus" title="Crucifixion of Jesus">death</a> and <a href="/wiki/Resurrection_of_Jesus" title="Resurrection of Jesus">resurrection</a>. Later, the priest visits the homes of all of the faithful, and blesses their homes with this Theophany water. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Daily_services">Daily services</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eastern_Orthodox_worship&action=edit&section=26" title="Edit section: Daily services"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Historical_development">Historical development</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eastern_Orthodox_worship&action=edit&section=27" title="Edit section: Historical development"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Further information: <a href="/wiki/Typicon#Historical_development" class="mw-redirect" title="Typicon">Typicon § Historical development</a></div> <p><br /> </p><p>Because the <a href="/wiki/Byzantine_Rite" title="Byzantine Rite">Rite of Constantinople</a> evolved as a synthesis of two distinct rites — cathedral rite of Constantinople called the "asthmatiki akolouthia" ("sung services") and the monastic typicon of the <a href="/wiki/Mar_Saba" title="Mar Saba">Holy Lavra of Saint Sabbas the Sanctified</a> near <a href="/wiki/Jerusalem" title="Jerusalem">Jerusalem</a> — its offices are highly developed and quite complex. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Local_variations">Local variations</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eastern_Orthodox_worship&action=edit&section=28" title="Edit section: Local variations"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Two main strata exist in the rite, those places that have inherited the traditions of the Russian Church which had been given only the monastic Sabbaite typicon which she uses to this day<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>note 1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> in parishes and cathedrals as well as in monasteries, and everywhere else where some remnant of the cathedral rite remained in use; therefore, the rite as practiced in monasteries everywhere resembles the Russian recension, while non-Russian non-monastic customs differs significantly. For example, in the Russian tradition, the "<a href="/wiki/All-night_vigil" title="All-night vigil">all-night vigil</a>" is served in every church on Saturday nights and the eves of feast days (although it may be abridged to be as short as two hours) while elsewhere, it is usual to have <a href="/wiki/Matins" title="Matins">matins</a> on the morning of the feast; however, in the latter instance, <a href="/wiki/Vespers" title="Vespers">vespers</a> and matins are rather less abridged but the <a href="/wiki/Divine_Liturgy" title="Divine Liturgy">Divine Liturgy</a> commences at the end of matins and the hours are not read, as was the case in the extinct cathedral rite of Constantinople. </p><p>Also, as the rite evolved in sundry places, different customs arose; an essay on some of these has been written by Archbishop Basil Krivoshein and is posted on the web.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Liturgical_books">Liturgical books</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eastern_Orthodox_worship&action=edit&section=29" title="Edit section: Liturgical books"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1251242444"><table class="box-Cleanup-lang plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-style" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f2/Edit-clear.svg/40px-Edit-clear.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f2/Edit-clear.svg/60px-Edit-clear.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f2/Edit-clear.svg/80px-Edit-clear.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="48" data-file-height="48" /></span></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This article should <b>specify the language</b> of its non-English content, using <span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Lang" title="Template:Lang">lang</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span>, <span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Transliteration" title="Template:Transliteration">transliteration</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span> for transliterated languages, and <span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:IPA" title="Template:IPA">IPA</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span> for phonetic transcriptions, with an appropriate <a href="/wiki/Lists_of_ISO_639_codes" title="Lists of ISO 639 codes">ISO 639 code</a>. Wikipedia's <a href="/wiki/Category:Wikipedia_multilingual_support_templates" title="Category:Wikipedia multilingual support templates">multilingual support templates</a> may also be used.<span class="hide-when-compact"> <a href="/wiki/Template:Lang#Rationale" title="Template:Lang">See why</a>.</span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">March 2022</span>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The <b><a href="/wiki/Horologion" title="Horologion">Horologion</a></b> (<span title="Ancient Greek (to 1453)-language text"><span lang="grc">῾Ωρολόγιον</span></span>; <a href="/wiki/Church_Slavonic_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Church Slavonic language">Church Slavonic</a>: <i>Chasoslov</i>, <i>Часocлoвъ</i>), or <i>Book of Hours</i>, provides the <a href="/wiki/Acolouthia" title="Acolouthia">fixed portions</a> of the Daily Cycle of services (<a href="/wiki/Greek_language" title="Greek language">Greek</a>: <i lang="el">akolouthies</i>, <span title="Ancient Greek (to 1453)-language text"><span lang="grc">ἀκολουθίες</span></span>) as used by the <a href="/wiki/Eastern_Orthodox_Church" title="Eastern Orthodox Church">Eastern Orthodox</a> and <a href="/wiki/Eastern_Catholic_Churches" title="Eastern Catholic Churches">Eastern Catholic</a> churches. </p><p>Into this fixed framework, numerous moveable parts of the service are inserted. These are taken from a variety of liturgical books: </p> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Psalter" title="Psalter">Psalter</a></b> (Greek: Ψαλτήρ(ιον), <span title="Ancient Greek (to 1453)-language romanization"><i lang="grc-Latn">Psalter(ion)</i></span>; Slavonic: <i>Ѱалтырь</i> or <i>Ѱалтирь, Psaltyr' </i>) A book containing the 150 <a href="/wiki/Psalms" title="Psalms">Psalms</a><sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>note 2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> divided into 20 sections called <a href="/wiki/Kathisma" title="Kathisma">Kathismata</a> together with the 9 Biblical <a href="/wiki/Canticle" title="Canticle">canticles</a> which are chanted at Matins; although these canticles had been chanted in their entirety, having over time come to be supplemented by interspersed hymns (analogously to <a href="/wiki/Sticheron" title="Sticheron">stichera</a>) to form the <a href="/wiki/Canon_(hymnography)" title="Canon (hymnography)">Canon</a>, the canticles themselves are now only regularly used in a few large monasteries<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>note 3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Psalter also contains the various "selected psalms", each composed of verses from a variety of psalms, sung at matins on feast days, as well as tables for determining which Kathismata are to be read at each service; in addition to the Psalms read at the daily offices, all the Psalms are read each week and, during Great Lent, twice a week.</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Octoechos_(liturgy)" title="Octoechos (liturgy)">Octoechos</a></b> (Greek: <i>Ὀκτώηχος</i>; Slavonic: <i>Октоихъ, Oktoikh</i> or <i>Осмогласникъ, Osmoglasnik</i>)—Literally, the Book of the "Eight Tones" or <a href="/wiki/Musical_mode" class="mw-redirect" title="Musical mode">modes</a>. This book contains a cycle of eight weeks, one for each of the eight <a href="/wiki/Echos" title="Echos">echoi</a> (<a href="/wiki/Gregorian_mode#Gregorian_mode" title="Gregorian mode">church modes</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Octoechos" title="Octoechos">Byzantine musical system of eight modes</a>), providing texts for each day of the week for Vespers, Matins, Compline, and (on Sundays) the Midnight Office. The origins of this book go back to compositions by <a href="/wiki/John_of_Damascus" title="John of Damascus">St. John Damascene</a>.</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Menaion" title="Menaion">Menaion</a></b> (Greek: <i>Μηναίον</i>; Slavonic: <i>Минїѧ,<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Miniya</i>)—A twelve-volume set which provides liturgical texts for each day of the calendar year,<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>note 4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> printed as 12 volumes, one for each month of the year.<sup id="cite_ref-Year_Starts_in_September_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Year_Starts_in_September-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>note 5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Another volume, the <i>General Menaion</i> contains propers for each class of saints for use when the propers for a particular saint are not available. Additionally, locally venerated saints may have services in supplemental volumes, pamphlets, or manuscripts.</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Menologion" class="mw-redirect" title="Menologion">Menologion</a></b> A collection of the lives of the saints and commentaries on the meaning of feasts for each day of the calendar year, also printed as 12 volumes,<sup id="cite_ref-Year_Starts_in_September_8-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Year_Starts_in_September-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>note 5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> appointed to be read at the meal in monasteries and, when there is an all-night vigil for a feast day, between vespers and matins.</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Triodion" title="Triodion">Triodion</a></b> (Greek: <i>Τριῴδιον, Triodion</i>; Slavonic: <i>Постнаѧ Трїѡдь, Postnaya Triod' </i>; Romanian: <i>Triodul</i>), also called the <b>Lenten Triodion</b>. The Lenten Triodion contains propers for: <ul><li>the <a href="/wiki/Pre-Lenten_Season" class="mw-redirect" title="Pre-Lenten Season">Pre-Lenten Season</a></li> <li>the Forty Days of Great Lent itself</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lazarus_Saturday" title="Lazarus Saturday">Lazarus Saturday</a> and <a href="/wiki/Palm_Sunday" title="Palm Sunday">Palm Sunday</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Holy_Week" title="Holy Week">Holy Week</a></li></ul></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Pentecostarion" title="Pentecostarion">Pentecostarion</a></b> (Greek: <i>Πεντηκοστάριον, Pentekostarion</i>; Slavonic: <i>Цвѣтнаѧ Трїѡдь, Tsvetnaya Triod' </i>, literally "Flowery Triodon"; Romanian: <i>Penticostar</i>) This volume contains the propers for the period from <a href="/wiki/Easter" title="Easter">Pascha</a> to the Sunday of All Saints. This period can be broken down into the following periods: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bright_Week" title="Bright Week">Bright Week</a> (Easter Week) Commencing with matins on <a href="/wiki/Easter" title="Easter">Pascha (Easter Sunday)</a> through the following Saturday</li> <li>Paschal Season—The period from <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Sunday" class="mw-redirect" title="Thomas Sunday">Thomas Sunday</a> until <a href="/wiki/Ascension_of_Jesus_Christ" class="mw-redirect" title="Ascension of Jesus Christ">Ascension</a></li> <li>Ascension and its <a href="/wiki/Afterfeast" title="Afterfeast">Afterfeast</a></li> <li>Pentecost and its Afterfeast</li> <li><a href="/wiki/All_Saints_Day" class="mw-redirect" title="All Saints Day">All Saints Sunday</a> (the Sunday after Pentecost)</li></ul></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Synaxarion" class="mw-redirect" title="Synaxarion">Synaxarion</a></b> (Greek: <i>Συναξάριον</i>; Romanian: <i>Sinaxar</i>)—The <a href="/wiki/Synaxarium" title="Synaxarium">Synaxarion</a> contains for each day of the year brief lives of the saints and meanings of celebrated feasts, appointed to be read after the Kontakion and Oikos at Matins.</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Irmologion" title="Irmologion">Irmologion</a></b> (Greek: <i>῾Ειρμολόγιον</i>; Slavonic: <i>Ирмологий, Irmologii</i>)—Contains the <a href="/wiki/Irmos" title="Irmos">Irmoi</a> chanted at the <a href="/wiki/Canon_(hymnography)" title="Canon (hymnography)">Canon</a> of Matins and other services.</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Euchologion" title="Euchologion">Priest's Service Book</a></b> (Greek: <i>῾Ἱερατικόν, Ieratikon</i>; Slavonic: <i>Слѹжебникъ, Sluzhebnik</i>) Contain the portions of the services which are said by the priest and deacon and is given to a deacon and to a priest with his vestments at <a href="/wiki/Ordination#Roman_Catholic,_Orthodox,_and_Anglican_churches" title="Ordination">ordination</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>note 6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><b>Bishop's Service Book</b> (Greek: <i>Ἀρχιιερατικόν Archieratikon</i>, Slavonic: <i>Чиновникъ, Chinovnik</i>) the portions of the services which are said by the Bishop; for the Canonical Hours, this differs little from what is in the Priest's Service Book.</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Gospel_Book" title="Gospel Book">Gospel Book</a></b> (Greek: Ευαγγέλιον, Evangelion) Book containing the 4 Gospels laid out as read at the divine services.<sup id="cite_ref-Editing_Gospel_and_Apostle_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Editing_Gospel_and_Apostle-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>note 7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><b>Apostle Book</b> (Greek: <i>Απόστολος, Apostolos</i>; Slavonic: <i>Апостолъ, Apostol</i>) Contains the readings for the Divine Liturgy from the <a href="/wiki/Acts_of_the_Apostles" title="Acts of the Apostles">Acts of the Apostles</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Epistles" class="mw-redirect" title="Epistles">Epistles</a> together with the <a href="/wiki/Prokeimenon" title="Prokeimenon">Prokeimenon</a> and <a href="/wiki/Alleluia" title="Alleluia">Alleluia</a> verses that are chanted with the readings.<sup id="cite_ref-Editing_Gospel_and_Apostle_10-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Editing_Gospel_and_Apostle-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>note 7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Patristic_writings" class="mw-redirect" title="Patristic writings">Patristic writings</a></b> Many writings from the Church fathers are prescribed to be read at matins and, during Great Lent, at the hours; in practice, this is only done in some monasteries and frequently therein the abbot prescribes readings other than those in the written rubrics. therefore it is not customary to enumerate all the volumes required for this.</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Anthologion" title="Anthologion">Collections</a></b> (Greek: <i>Ανθολόγιον, Anthologion</i>; Slavonic: <i>Сборникъ, Sbornik</i>) There are numerous smaller anthologies available<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>note 8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> which were quite common before the invention of printing but still are in common use both because of the enormous volume of a full set of liturgical texts and because the full texts have not yet been translated into several languages currently in use.</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Typicon" class="mw-redirect" title="Typicon">Typicon</a></b> (Greek: <i>Τυπικόν, Typikon</i>; Slavonic: <i>Тѵпико́нъ, Typikon</i> or <i>уста́въ, ustav</i>) Contains all of the rules for the performance of the Divine Services, giving directions for every possible combination of the materials from the books mentioned above into the Daily Cycle of Services.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Liturgical_cycles">Liturgical cycles</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eastern_Orthodox_worship&action=edit&section=30" title="Edit section: Liturgical cycles"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Various cycles of the liturgical year influence the manner in which the materials from the liturgical books (above) are inserted into the daily services: </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Weekly_Cycle">Weekly Cycle</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eastern_Orthodox_worship&action=edit&section=31" title="Edit section: Weekly Cycle"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Each day of the week has its own commemoration: </p> <ul><li><i>Sunday</i>—<a href="/wiki/Resurrection_of_Jesus" title="Resurrection of Jesus">Resurrection of Christ</a></li> <li><i>Monday</i>—The Holy <a href="/wiki/Angels" class="mw-redirect" title="Angels">Angels</a></li> <li><i>Tuesday</i>—St. <a href="/wiki/John_the_Baptist" title="John the Baptist">John the Forerunner</a></li> <li><i>Wednesday</i>—The <a href="/wiki/Christian_cross" title="Christian cross">Cross</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Theotokos" title="Theotokos">Theotokos</a></li> <li><i>Thursday</i>—The Holy <a href="/wiki/Apostles_in_the_New_Testament" title="Apostles in the New Testament">Apostles</a> and <a href="/wiki/St._Nicholas" class="mw-redirect" title="St. Nicholas">St. Nicholas</a></li> <li><i>Friday</i>—The Cross</li> <li><i>Saturday</i>—<a href="/wiki/All_Saints%27_Day" title="All Saints' Day">All Saints</a><sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>note 9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and the <a href="/wiki/Requiem" title="Requiem">departed</a></li></ul> <p>Most of the texts come from the <i>Octoechos</i>, which has a large collections of hymns for each weekday for each of the eight tones; during Great Lent and, to a lesser degree, the pre-lenten season, the <i>Lenten Triodion</i> supplements this with hymns for each day of the week for each week of that season, as does the <i>Pentecostarion</i> during the pascal season. Also, there are fixed texts for each day of the week are in the <i>Horologion</i> and <i>Priest's Service Book</i> (<i>e.g.</i>, <a href="/wiki/Dismissal_(liturgy)" title="Dismissal (liturgy)">dismissals</a>) and the <a href="/wiki/Kathisma" title="Kathisma">Kathismata</a> (selections from the <i>Psalter</i>) are governed by the weekly cycle in conjunction with the season. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Fixed_Cycle">Fixed Cycle</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eastern_Orthodox_worship&action=edit&section=32" title="Edit section: Fixed Cycle"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Commemorations on the <a href="/wiki/Fixed_Cycle" class="mw-redirect" title="Fixed Cycle">Fixed Cycle</a> depend upon the day of the calendar year, and also, occasionally, specific days of the week that fall near specific calendar dates, <i>e.g.</i>, the Sunday before the <a href="/wiki/Exaltation_of_the_Cross" class="mw-redirect" title="Exaltation of the Cross">Exaltation of the Cross</a>. The texts for this cycle are found in the <i>Menaion</i>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Paschal_Cycle">Paschal Cycle</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eastern_Orthodox_worship&action=edit&section=33" title="Edit section: Paschal Cycle"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The commemorations on the <a href="/wiki/Paschal_Cycle" class="mw-redirect" title="Paschal Cycle">Paschal Cycle</a> (Moveable Cycle) depend upon the date of <a href="/wiki/Easter" title="Easter">Pascha</a> (Easter). The texts for this cycle are found in the <i>Lenten Triodion</i>, the <i>Pentecostarion</i>, the <i>Octoechos</i> and also, because the daily Epistle and Gospel readings are determined by this cycle, the <i>Gospel Book</i> and <i>Apostle Book</i>. The cycle of the <i>Octoechos</i> continues through the following Great Lent, so the variable parts of the lenten services are determined by both the preceding year's and the current year's dates of Easter. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading5"><h5 id="8_Week_Cycle_of_the_Octoechos">8 Week Cycle of the Octoechos</h5><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eastern_Orthodox_worship&action=edit&section=34" title="Edit section: 8 Week Cycle of the Octoechos"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The cycle of the <a href="/wiki/Octoechos" title="Octoechos">eight Tones</a> is found in the <i><a href="/wiki/Octoechos_(liturgy)" title="Octoechos (liturgy)">Octoechos</a></i> and is dependent on the date of Easter and commences with the <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Sunday#Eastern_churches" class="mw-redirect" title="Thomas Sunday">Sunday after (eighth day of) Easter</a>, that week using the first <a href="/wiki/Echos" title="Echos">tone</a>, the next week using the second tone, and so, repeating through the week preceding the subsequent <a href="/wiki/Palm_Sunday" title="Palm Sunday">Palm Sunday</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>note 10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading5"><h5 id="11_Week_Cycle_of_the_Matins_Gospels">11 Week Cycle of the Matins Gospels</h5><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eastern_Orthodox_worship&action=edit&section=35" title="Edit section: 11 Week Cycle of the Matins Gospels"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The portions of each of the Gospels from the narration of the Resurrection through the end are divided into eleven readings which are read on successive Sundays at matins; there are hymns sung at Matins that correspond with that day's <a href="/wiki/Matins_Gospel" title="Matins Gospel">Matins Gospel</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Daily_cycle_of_services">Daily cycle of services</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eastern_Orthodox_worship&action=edit&section=36" title="Edit section: Daily cycle of services"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Daily Cycle begins with <a href="/wiki/Vespers" title="Vespers">Vespers</a><sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>note 11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and proceeds throughout the night and day according to the following table: </p> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th>Name of service in Greek </th> <th>Name of service in English </th> <th>Historical time of service </th> <th>Theme<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>note 12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </th></tr> <tr> <td>Esperinos (<span title="Ancient Greek (to 1453)-language text"><span lang="grc">Ἑσπερινός</span></span>)</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Vespers#Eastern/Oriental_Catholic_&_Orthodox" title="Vespers">Vespers</a></td> <td>At sunset</td> <td>Glorification of God, the Creator of the world and its Providence </td></tr> <tr> <td>Apodepnon (<span title="Ancient Greek (to 1453)-language text"><span lang="grc">Ἀπόδειπνον</span></span>)</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Compline" title="Compline">Compline</a></td> <td>At bedtime</td> <td>Sleep as the image of death, illumined by Christ's <a href="/wiki/Harrowing_of_Hell" title="Harrowing of Hell">Harrowing of Hell</a> after His death </td></tr> <tr> <td>Mesonyktikon (<span title="Ancient Greek (to 1453)-language text"><span lang="grc">Μεσονυκτικόν</span></span>)</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Midnight_Office" class="mw-redirect" title="Midnight Office">Midnight Office</a></td> <td>At midnight</td> <td>Christ's midnight prayer in Gethsemane; a reminder to be ready for the Bridegroom coming at midnight and the <a href="/wiki/Last_Judgment" title="Last Judgment">Last Judgment</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Orthros (<span title="Ancient Greek (to 1453)-language text"><span lang="grc">Ὄρθρος</span></span>)</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Matins#Eastern_Christianity" title="Matins">Matins</a> or Orthros</td> <td>Morning watches, ending at dawn</td> <td>The Lord having given us not only daylight but spiritual light, Christ the Savior </td></tr> <tr> <td>Prote Ora (<span title="Ancient Greek (to 1453)-language text"><span lang="grc">Πρῶτη Ὥρα</span></span>)</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Prime_(liturgy)#Eastern_Christian_Office" title="Prime (liturgy)">First Hour</a> (Prime)</td> <td>At ~6 AM</td> <td>Christ's being brought before <a href="/wiki/Pontius_Pilate" title="Pontius Pilate">Pilate</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td>Trite Ora (<span title="Ancient Greek (to 1453)-language text"><span lang="grc">Τρίτη Ὥρα</span></span>)</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Terce#Eastern_Christian_Office" title="Terce">Third Hour</a> (Terce)</td> <td>At ~9 AM</td> <td>Pilate's judgement of Christ and the descent of the <a href="/wiki/Holy_Spirit" title="Holy Spirit">Holy Spirit</a> at <a href="/wiki/Pentecost#New_Testament" title="Pentecost">Pentecost</a>, which happened at this hour. </td></tr> <tr> <td>Ekte Ora (<span title="Ancient Greek (to 1453)-language text"><span lang="grc">Ἕκτη Ὥρα</span></span>)</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Sext#Eastern_Christian_Office" title="Sext">Sixth Hour</a> (Sext)</td> <td>At noon</td> <td>Christ's <a href="/wiki/Crucifixion" title="Crucifixion">crucifixion</a>, which happened at this hour </td></tr> <tr> <td>Ennate Ora (<span title="Ancient Greek (to 1453)-language text"><span lang="grc">Ἐννάτη Ὥρα</span></span>)</td> <td><a href="/wiki/None_(liturgy)#Eastern_Christian_Office" class="mw-redirect" title="None (liturgy)">Ninth Hour</a> (None)</td> <td>At ~3 PM</td> <td>Christ's death which happened at this hour. </td></tr> <tr> <td>Typica (<span title="Ancient Greek (to 1453)-language text"><span lang="grc">τυπικά</span></span>) <i>or</i> Pro-Liturgy<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>note 13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Typica" title="Typica">Typica</a></td> <td>follows sixth or ninth hour</td> <td>. </td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The <a href="/wiki/Typica" title="Typica">Typica</a> is served whenever the <a href="/wiki/Divine_Liturgy" title="Divine Liturgy">Divine Liturgy</a> is not celebrated at its usual time, <i>i.e.</i>, when there is a vesperal Liturgy or no Liturgy at all. On days when the Liturgy may be celebrated at its usual hour, the Typica follows the sixth hour (or matins, where the custom is to serve the Liturgy then) and the Epistle and Gospel readings for the day are read therein;<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>note 14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> otherwise, on <a href="/wiki/Aliturgical_days" title="Aliturgical days">aliturgical days</a> or when the Liturgy is served at vespers, the Typica has a much shorter form and is served between the ninth hour and vespers.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>note 15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Also, there are <a href="/wiki/Inter-Hours" title="Inter-Hours">Inter-Hours</a> for the First, Third, Sixth and Ninth Hours. These are services of a similar structure to, but briefer than, the hours. their usage varies with local custom, but generally they are used only during the Nativity Fast, Apostles Fast, and Dormition Fast on days when the lenten alleluia replaces "God is the Lord" at matins, which may be done at the discretion of the <a href="/wiki/Ecclesiarch" class="mw-redirect" title="Ecclesiarch">ecclesiarch</a> when the Divine Liturgy is not celebrated. </p><p>In addition to these public prayers, there are also private prayers prescribed for both monastics and laypersons; in some monasteries, however, these are read in church. These include Morning and Evening Prayers and prayers (and, in Russia, <a href="/wiki/Canon_(hymnography)" title="Canon (hymnography)">canons</a>) to be prayed in preparation for receiving the <a href="/wiki/Eucharist" title="Eucharist">Eucharist</a>. </p><p>The full cycle of services are usually served only in monasteries, cathedrals, and other <span title="Ancient Greek (to 1453)-language romanization"><span style="font-style: normal" lang="grc-Latn"><a href="/wiki/Katholikon" title="Katholikon">katholika</a></span></span>. In monasteries and parishes of the Russian tradition, the Third and Sixth Hours are read during the <a href="/wiki/Liturgy_of_Preparation" title="Liturgy of Preparation">Prothesis ( Liturgy of Preparation)</a>; otherwise, the Prothesis is served during matins, the final portion of which is omitted, the <a href="/wiki/Liturgy_of_the_Catechumens" class="mw-redirect" title="Liturgy of the Catechumens">Liturgy of the Catechumens</a> commencing straightway after the <a href="/wiki/Troparion" title="Troparion">troparion</a> following the <a href="/wiki/Great_Doxology" class="mw-redirect" title="Great Doxology">Great Doxology</a>. </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Midnight_Office" class="mw-redirect" title="Midnight Office">Midnight Office</a> is seldom served in parishes churches except at the <a href="/wiki/Easter_Vigil" title="Easter Vigil">Paschal Vigil</a> as the essential office wherein the <a href="/wiki/Epitaphios_(liturgical)" title="Epitaphios (liturgical)">burial shroud</a> is removed from the tomb and carried to the altar. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Aggregates">Aggregates</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eastern_Orthodox_worship&action=edit&section=37" title="Edit section: Aggregates"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The sundry Canonical Hours are, in practice, grouped together into aggregates<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>note 16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> so that there are three major times of prayer a day: Evening, Morning and Midday.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>note 17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The most common groupings are as follows: </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Ordinary_days">Ordinary days</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eastern_Orthodox_worship&action=edit&section=38" title="Edit section: Ordinary days"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Evening — Ninth Hour, Vespers, Compline<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>note 18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Morning Watches — Midnight Office,<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>note 19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Matins, First Hour</li> <li>Morning — Third Hour, Sixth Hour, and the <a href="/wiki/Divine_Liturgy" title="Divine Liturgy">Divine Liturgy</a> or <a href="/wiki/Typica" title="Typica">Typica</a><sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>note 20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Weekdays_during_lent">Weekdays during lent</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eastern_Orthodox_worship&action=edit&section=39" title="Edit section: Weekdays during lent"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Evening — Great Compline</li> <li>Morning Watches — Midnight Office, Matins, First Hour</li> <li>Morning — Third Hour, Sixth Hour, Ninth Hour, <a href="/wiki/Typica" title="Typica">Typica</a>, Vespers (sometimes with the <a href="/wiki/Liturgy_of_the_Presanctified_Gifts" title="Liturgy of the Presanctified Gifts">Liturgy of the Presanctified Gifts</a> or, on the Annunciation, the Liturgy of Saint John Chrysostom)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="When_there_is_an_all-night_vigil">When there is an all-night vigil</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eastern_Orthodox_worship&action=edit&section=40" title="Edit section: When there is an all-night vigil"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>On the eves before <a href="/wiki/Great_Feasts_of_the_Orthodox_Church" class="mw-redirect" title="Great Feasts of the Orthodox Church">Great Feasts</a> and, in some traditions, on all Sundays, this grouping is used. However, the <a href="/wiki/All-night_vigil" title="All-night vigil">all-night vigil</a> is usually abridged so as to not last literally "all-night" and may be as short as two hours; on the other hand, on Athos and in the very traditional monastic institutions, that service followed by the hours and Liturgy may last as long as 18 hours. </p> <ul><li>Afternoon — Ninth Hour, Little Vespers,<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>note 21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Compline (where it is not read at the commencement of the Vigil)</li> <li>Early night — Compline (where it is not the custom for it to follow small vespers), Great Vespers,<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>note 22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> a reading, Matins, First Hour</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="When_the_royal_hours_are_read">When the royal hours are read</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eastern_Orthodox_worship&action=edit&section=41" title="Edit section: When the royal hours are read"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Evening — Ninth Hour, Vespers, Compline</li> <li>Morning Watches — Midnight Office, Matins</li> <li>Morning — First, Third, Sixth, and Ninth Hours and the Typica</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="On_the_eves_of_Christmas,_Theophany,_and_Annunciation"><span id="On_the_eves_of_Christmas.2C_Theophany.2C_and_Annunciation"></span>On the eves of Christmas, Theophany, and Annunciation</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eastern_Orthodox_worship&action=edit&section=42" title="Edit section: On the eves of Christmas, Theophany, and Annunciation"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>When the feast is a weekday (or, in the Russian tradition, on any day for Christmas, Theophany), Vespers (with the Liturgy in most instances) is served earlier in the day and so Great Compline functions much as Great vespers does on the vigils of other feast days. </p> <ul><li>Evening — Great Compline (in some traditions) and, if there be an All-Night Vigil, the reading, matins, first hour.</li> <li>Morning Watches — (unless there be an all-night vigil) midnight office, matins, first hour.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="The_Divine_Liturgy">The Divine Liturgy</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eastern_Orthodox_worship&action=edit&section=43" title="Edit section: The Divine Liturgy"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The <a href="/wiki/Divine_Liturgy" title="Divine Liturgy">Divine Liturgy</a> is the Sunday worship service of the Eastern Orthodox Church. There are several forms of the liturgy: the <a href="/wiki/Divine_Liturgy_of_St._John_Chrysostom" class="mw-redirect" title="Divine Liturgy of St. John Chrysostom">Divine Liturgy of St. John Chrysostom</a>, <a href="/wiki/Liturgy_of_St._Basil" class="mw-redirect" title="Liturgy of St. Basil">Liturgy of St. Basil</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Liturgy_of_St._Mark&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Liturgy of St. Mark (page does not exist)">Liturgy of St. Mark</a>, <a href="/wiki/Liturgy_of_St._James" class="mw-redirect" title="Liturgy of St. James">Liturgy of St. James</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Liturgy_of_St._Gregory_the_Great&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Liturgy of St. Gregory the Great (page does not exist)">Liturgy of St. Gregory the Great</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Liturgy_of_St._Tikhon_of_Moscow&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Liturgy of St. Tikhon of Moscow (page does not exist)">Liturgy of St. Tikhon of Moscow</a>, and the <a href="/wiki/Liturgy_of_the_Presanctified_Gifts" title="Liturgy of the Presanctified Gifts">Liturgy of the Presanctified Gifts</a>. The Divine Liturgy begins with the exclamation from the priest, "Blessed is the kingdom of the Father and of the Son and of the Holy Spirit, now and ever and unto ages of ages." The assembled faithful respond, "Amen." The service begins with the Great Litany, so called because it is longer than most litanies and its petitions touch on the needs of the world: peace and salvation, the church, her bishops, her faithful, captives and their health and salvation, deliverance from anger and need. It is concluded, as with most litanies, by calling to the remembrance of the faithful the witness of the Theotokos and the saints. In light of that powerful witness, the faithful are charged to commend their lives to Our Lord Jesus Christ. A closing prayer is exclaimed by the priest. The <a href="/wiki/Troparia" class="mw-redirect" title="Troparia">Troparia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kontakia" class="mw-redirect" title="Kontakia">Kontakia</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Antiphons" class="mw-redirect" title="Antiphons">Antiphons</a> follow in eight different very moving melodic tones. </p><p>Then, the Rite of Proclamation begins with the <a href="/wiki/Trisagion" title="Trisagion">Trisagion</a>. The rite of proclamation, the Epistle readings and Gospel are chanted by the Priest, Deacons, and Readers. The service continues with the Litany of Fervent Supplication, Litany of the Departed, and Litany of the Catachumens. The Liturgy of the Faithful follows with the <a href="/wiki/Cherubic_Hymn" class="mw-redirect" title="Cherubic Hymn">Cherubic Hymn</a> which is sometimes done kneeling then there is the Great Entrance of the Eucharistic Gifts and procession. The doors of the altar are the venerated and the gifts are presented before the faithful. Then everyone proclaims the faith through chanting the <a href="/wiki/Nicene_Creed" title="Nicene Creed">Nicene Creed</a>. </p><p>Afterward, the celebration of the Great Anaphora Eucharistic Prayer is recited over the Eucharistic Gifts as moving chants are sung by the congregants. After this prayer, the climax of the liturgy, the priest asks the Holy Spirit to consecrate the gifts and turn them into the Body and Blood of Christ. The faithful then receive communion. Having invoked the Holy Spirit and consecrated the gifts, the priest commemorates the saints, beginning with the Theotokos. At this point, the assembled faithful chant the ancient hymn in honour of the Virgin Mary. In the <a href="/wiki/Divine_Liturgy_of_St._John_Chrysostom" class="mw-redirect" title="Divine Liturgy of St. John Chrysostom">Divine Liturgy of St. John Chrysostom</a> the <a href="/wiki/Axion_Estin" title="Axion Estin">Axion Estin</a> follows as: "It is truly meet to bless you, O Theotokos, ever-blessed and most pure, and the Mother of our God. More honorable than the cherubim, beyond compare more glorious than the seraphim, without corruption you gave birth to God, the Word. True Theotokos, we magnify you." The Lord's Prayer is also chanted. After consecrating the gifts, commemorating the saints, and praying for the local bishop, the priest lifts up the consecrated gifts, exclaiming, "The holy things are for the holy!" To which the faithful respond, "One is holy, one is Lord, Jesus Christ, to the glory of God the Father, amen." This phrase unfortunately loses something in English, since we have two words for holy and saint. In most other languages, this dialogue has a connotation of, "The holy things are for the saints! / Only one is a saint! Only one is Lord: Jesus Christ...." This is a rather prominent reminder that our holiness finds its source in God alone, and particularly in our participation in this communion. </p><p>The faithful communicate in Orthodox tradition by receiving in both kinds (bread intincted in the wine) from a spoon, a tradition which dates to the fourth century. Having received the body and blood of the Savior, they take a piece of antidoron. In Russian tradition, a small cup of wine is also offered. </p><p>After a dismissal common to the services of the church, the faithful come forward to venerate the cross and leave the church. Renewed by the eucharistic meal, they are sent forth as witnesses to Christ in the world. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eastern_Orthodox_worship&action=edit&section=44" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ectenia" title="Ectenia">Ectenia</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eastern_Orthodox_worship&action=edit&section=45" title="Edit section: Notes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Тvпико́нъ сіесть уста́въ (The Typicon which is the Order), p 1</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">There is also a <a href="/wiki/Psalm_151" title="Psalm 151">Psalm 151</a> which is often included in the Psalter, though it is not actually chanted during the Divine Services.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">excepting in the Russian tradition where they are used weekly on weekdays of Great Lent.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">On non-leap years, the service for 29 Feb. (<a href="/wiki/John_Cassian" title="John Cassian">St. John Cassian</a>) is chanted at Compline on 28 Feb.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Year_Starts_in_September-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Year_Starts_in_September_8-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Year_Starts_in_September_8-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">The liturgical year begins in September, so the volumes are numbered from 1 for September to 12 for August.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Originally, the deacon's book and the priest's books were distinct, but upon the invention of printing, it was found more practical to combine them.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Editing_Gospel_and_Apostle-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Editing_Gospel_and_Apostle_10-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Editing_Gospel_and_Apostle_10-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">In Greek editions the <i>Evangélion</i> is laid out in order of the cycle of readings as they occur in the ecclesiastical year, with a section in the back providing the Gospel readings for Matins, <a href="/wiki/Great_Feasts_of_the_Orthodox_Church" class="mw-redirect" title="Great Feasts of the Orthodox Church">Feasts</a> and special occasions. In the Slavic usage, the <i>Evangélion</i> contains the four gospels in canonical order (<a href="/wiki/Gospel_of_Matthew" title="Gospel of Matthew">Matthew</a>, <a href="/wiki/Gospel_of_Mark" title="Gospel of Mark">Mark</a>, <a href="/wiki/Gospel_of_Luke" title="Gospel of Luke">Luke</a>, <a href="/wiki/Gospel_of_John" title="Gospel of John">John</a>) with annotations in the margin to indicate the beginning and ending of each reading (and an index in the back).<br />The <i>Apostól</i> is likewise edited, the Slavonic <i>Apostól</i> having all of the books of the New Testament (excluding the Gospels and Apocalypse) in their entirety, though not in the same order they are found in most English Bibles (<a href="/wiki/Acts_of_the_Apostles" title="Acts of the Apostles">Acts</a> is placed first, followed by the Catholic Epistles, etc.).</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">For instance, the <i>Festal Menaion</i> contains only those portions of the <i>Menaion</i> that have to do with the <a href="/wiki/Great_Feasts_of_the_Orthodox_Church" class="mw-redirect" title="Great Feasts of the Orthodox Church">Great Feasts</a>; and the <i>General Menaion</i>, et cetera.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Including, especially, the <a href="/wiki/Theotokos" title="Theotokos">Theotokos</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Patron_Saint" class="mw-redirect" title="Patron Saint">Patron Saint</a> of the local <a href="/wiki/Church_(building)" title="Church (building)">church</a> or <a href="/wiki/Monastery" title="Monastery">monastery</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Each day of <a href="/wiki/Bright_Week" title="Bright Week">Bright Week</a> (Easter Week) uses propers in a different tone, Sunday: Tone One, Monday: Tone Two, skipping the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Grave_tone&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Grave tone (page does not exist)">grave tone</a> (Tone Seven)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">In accordance with Old Testament practice, the day is considered to begin in the evening (Genesis 1:5).</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Sokolof, pp 36–38</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Sokolof, p 93</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">The Typica has a certain correspondence to the <a href="/wiki/Missa_Sicca" class="mw-redirect" title="Missa Sicca">Missa Sicca</a> of the Mediaeval West.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Sokolof, p 93</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Sokolof, p 36</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">This is to conform with Psalm 55:17, "Evening, morning, and noonday will I tell of it and will declare it, and He will hear my voice."</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">In monasteries, when there is an evening meal, compline is often separated from vespers and read after the meal; in Greek (απόδειπνον/<i>apodeipnon</i>) and Slavonic (Повечерiе/<i>Pov'echeriye</i>), the name for Compline literally means, "After-supper."</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Midnight Office is often omitted in parish churches.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Though the Liturgy (and Typica) are not, strictly speaking, a part of the daily cycle of services, their placement is fixed by the Typicon in relation to the daily cycle.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">This is an abbreviated, redundant Vespers</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">On great feast days proceeded by a strict fast (Christmas, Epiphany, and Annunciation on a weekday), the Vigil commences with Great Compline rather than Vespers</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eastern_Orthodox_worship&action=edit&section=46" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFSchaffWace1890" class="citation cs2 cs1-prop-long-vol">Schaff, Philip; Wace, Henry, eds. (1890), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.tertullian.org/fathers2/NPNF2-14/Npnf2-14-23.htm#P1067_273392"><i>The Canons of the 318 Holy Fathers Assembled in the City of Nice, in Bithynia — Canon XX</i></a>, Nicene and Post-Nicene Fathers: Second Series, vol. 14, The Seven Ecumenical Councils, <a href="/wiki/Grand_Rapids,_Michigan" title="Grand Rapids, Michigan">Grand Rapids, Michigan</a>, U.S.A.: Eerdmans Pub Co., p. 94, <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-8028-8129-7" title="Special:BookSources/0-8028-8129-7"><bdi>0-8028-8129-7</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">, retrieved <span class="nowrap">2020-09-05</span></span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Canons+of+the+318+Holy+Fathers+Assembled+in+the+City+of+Nice%2C+in+Bithynia+%26mdash%3B+Canon+XX&rft.place=Grand+Rapids%2C+Michigan%2C+U.S.A.&rft.series=Nicene+and+Post-Nicene+Fathers%3A+Second+Series&rft.pages=94&rft.pub=Eerdmans+Pub+Co.&rft.date=1890&rft.isbn=0-8028-8129-7&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.tertullian.org%2Ffathers2%2FNPNF2-14%2FNpnf2-14-23.htm%23P1067_273392&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEastern+Orthodox+worship" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.holy-trinity.org/liturgics/krivoshein-greekandrussian.html">"Some differences between Greek and Russian divine services and their significance by Basil Krivoshein, Archbishop of Brussels and Belgium"</a>, retrieved 2012-01-01</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.orthlib.info/Menaia/Rjadovaja-Minea/01-September/Menaion-01_September.html">"Минея, сентябрь ~ Menaion, September"</a>. <i>Богослужебные тексты ~ Liturgical Texts</i>. Библиотека святоотеческой литературы ~ Library of Patristic Literature<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2020-05-28</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=%D0%91%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BB%D1%83%D0%B6%D0%B5%D0%B1%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B5+%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%81%D1%82%D1%8B+~+Liturgical+Texts&rft.atitle=%D0%9C%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%8F%2C+%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D1%8F%D0%B1%D1%80%D1%8C+~+Menaion%2C+September&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.orthlib.info%2FMenaia%2FRjadovaja-Minea%2F01-September%2FMenaion-01_September.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEastern+Orthodox+worship" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output 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style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible expanded navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background-color:lightblue"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Byzantine_Rite" title="Template:Byzantine Rite"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Byzantine_Rite" title="Template talk:Byzantine Rite"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Byzantine_Rite" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Byzantine Rite"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Eastern_Christian_Byzantine_Rite" 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href="/wiki/Liturgy_of_Saint_Cyril" title="Liturgy of Saint Cyril">Liturgy of Saint Mark</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Liturgy_of_the_Presanctified_Gifts" title="Liturgy of the Presanctified Gifts">Liturgy of the Presanctified Gifts</a></dd></dl> <dl><dt><a href="/wiki/Canonical_hours#Byzantine_Rite_usage" title="Canonical hours">Divine Office</a></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Vespers#Byzantine_Rite" title="Vespers">Vespers</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Compline#Compline_in_Byzantine_usage" title="Compline">Compline</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Midnight_Office" class="mw-redirect" title="Midnight Office">Midnight Office</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Orthros" title="Orthros">Orthros</a> <small>(Matins)</small></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Prime_(liturgy)#Byzantine_Rite" title="Prime (liturgy)">First Hour</a> <small>(Prime)</small></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Terce#Eastern_Christian_Office" title="Terce">Third Hour</a> <small>(Terce)</small></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Sext#Eastern_Christian_Office" title="Sext">Sixth Hour</a> <small>(Sext)</small></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Nones_(liturgy)#Eastern_Christian_Office" title="Nones (liturgy)">Ninth Hour</a> <small>(None)</small></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Inter-Hours" title="Inter-Hours">Inter-Hours</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Typica" title="Typica">Typica</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/All-night_vigil" title="All-night vigil">All-night vigil</a></dd></dl> <dl><dt>Occasional</dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Baptism#Eastern_Orthodoxy" title="Baptism">Baptism</a> <dl><dd><a href="/wiki/Insufflation" title="Insufflation">Insufflation</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Minor_exorcism_in_Christianity" title="Minor exorcism in Christianity">Minor exorcism</a></dd></dl></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Christian_burial#Eastern_Orthodox_and_Eastern_Catholic_burial_ritual" title="Christian burial">Burial</a> <dl><dd><a href="/wiki/Absolution_of_the_dead#Eastern_Orthodox_Church" title="Absolution of the dead">Absolution of the dead</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Memory_Eternal" title="Memory Eternal">Memory Eternal</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Memorial_service_in_the_Eastern_Orthodox_Church" title="Memorial service in the Eastern Orthodox Church">Memorial service</a></dd></dl></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Chrismation" title="Chrismation">Chrismation</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Churching_of_women#In_the_East" title="Churching of women">Churching of women</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Consecration_in_Eastern_Christianity#Consecration_of_a_church" title="Consecration in Eastern Christianity">Consecration of a church</a> <dl><dd><a href="/wiki/Cornerstone#Eastern_Churches" title="Cornerstone">Blessing of the cornerstone</a></dd></dl></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Exorcism_in_Christianity#Eastern_Orthodoxy" title="Exorcism in Christianity">Exorcism</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Holy_Week" title="Holy Week">Holy Week</a> liturgies <dl><dd><a href="/wiki/Maundy_(foot_washing)#Eastern_Christian_practice" title="Maundy (foot washing)">Foot washing</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Great_Hours" class="mw-redirect" title="Great Hours">Great Hours</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Epitaphios_(liturgical)" title="Epitaphios (liturgical)">Epitaphios Threnos</a> <dl><dd><a href="/wiki/Epitafio" class="mw-redirect" title="Epitafio">Epitafio</a></dd></dl></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Good_Friday_Prayer" class="mw-redirect" title="Good Friday Prayer">Good Friday Prayer</a> <dl><dd><a href="/wiki/Good_Friday_prayer_for_the_Jews" title="Good Friday prayer for the Jews">for the Jews</a></dd></dl></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Improperia" title="Improperia">Improperia</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Easter_Vigil#Byzantine_Christianity:_Eastern_Orthodoxy_and_Greek_Catholicism" title="Easter Vigil">Paschal Vigil</a> <dl><dd><a href="/wiki/Paschal_Homily" title="Paschal Homily">Paschal Homily</a></dd></dl></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Paschal_Hours" title="Paschal Hours">Paschal Hours</a></dd></dl></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Wedding_ring#Christian" title="Wedding ring">Vows</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Mystery_of_Crowning" title="Mystery of Crowning">Mystery of Crowning</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Holy_orders#Eastern_Christianity" title="Holy orders">Ordination</a> <dl><dd><a href="/wiki/Axios_(acclamation)" title="Axios (acclamation)">Axios</a></dd></dl></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Anointing_of_the_sick#Eastern_Orthodox_Church" title="Anointing of the sick">Unction</a> <dl><dd><a href="/wiki/Last_rites#Orthodox_and_Eastern_Catholic_Churches" title="Last rites">Last rites</a></dd></dl></dd></dl> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:lightblue;width:1%">Structure</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <dl><dt>Common</dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Alleluia" title="Alleluia">Alleluia</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Antiphon" title="Antiphon">Antiphon</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Epistle#Eastern_churches" title="Epistle">Apostol</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Dismissal_(liturgy)" title="Dismissal (liturgy)">Dismissal</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Ecphonesis" title="Ecphonesis">Ecphonesis</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Ectenia" title="Ectenia">Ectenia</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Gospel_(liturgy)" title="Gospel (liturgy)">Gospel</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Kathisma" title="Kathisma">Kathisma</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Kyrie" title="Kyrie">Kyrie</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Christian_laying_on_of_hands" title="Christian laying on of hands">Laying on of hands</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Lord%27s_Prayer" title="Lord's Prayer">Lord's Prayer</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Megalynarion" title="Megalynarion">Megalynarion</a> <dl><dd><a href="/wiki/Axion_Estin" title="Axion Estin">Axion Estin</a></dd></dl></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Polychronion" title="Polychronion">Polychronion</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Prayer_of_Saint_Ephrem" title="Prayer of Saint Ephrem">Prayer of Saint Ephrem</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Procession#Eastern_Orthodox" title="Procession">Procession</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Prokeimenon" title="Prokeimenon">Prokeimenon</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Secret_(liturgy)#Byzantine_Rite" title="Secret (liturgy)">Secret</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Sign_of_the_Cross" class="mw-redirect" title="Sign of the Cross">Sign of the Cross</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Theotokion" title="Theotokion">Theotokion</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Trinitarian_formula" title="Trinitarian formula">Trinitarian formula</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Troparion" title="Troparion">Troparion</a> <dl><dd><a href="/wiki/Irmos" title="Irmos">Irmos</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Katavasia" title="Katavasia">Katavasia</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Paschal_troparion" title="Paschal troparion">Paschal troparion</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Ypakoe" title="Ypakoe">Ypakoe</a></dd></dl></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Ton_Despotin" title="Ton Despotin">Ton Despotin</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Trisagion" title="Trisagion">Trisagion</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Usual_beginning" title="Usual beginning">Usual beginning</a></dd></dl> <dl><dt>Divine Liturgy</dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Ablution_in_Christianity#Eastern_and_Oriental_Christian" title="Ablution in Christianity">Ablution</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Anaphora_(liturgy)" title="Anaphora (liturgy)">Anaphora</a> <dl><dd><a href="/wiki/Anamnesis_(Christianity)" title="Anamnesis (Christianity)">Anamnesis</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Elevation_(liturgy)#Byzantine_Rite" title="Elevation (liturgy)">Elevation</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Epiclesis" title="Epiclesis">Epiclesis</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Fraction_(religion)#Eastern_Christian" title="Fraction (religion)">Fraction</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Words_of_Institution#Byzantine_Christian_Churches" title="Words of Institution">Words of Consecration</a></dd></dl></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Cherubikon" title="Cherubikon">Cherubikon</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Entrance_(liturgical)" title="Entrance (liturgical)">Entrance</a> <dl><dd><a href="/wiki/Entrance_prayers" title="Entrance prayers">Entrance prayers</a></dd></dl></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Kairos" title="Kairos">Kairos</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Kiss_of_peace#Eastern_Orthodox_Church" class="mw-redirect" title="Kiss of peace">Kiss of peace</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Communion_(chant)#The_koinonikon_cycle_of_the_Divine_Liturgy_in_Orthodox_rites" title="Communion (chant)">Koinonikon</a></dd> <dd><i><a href="/wiki/Let_all_mortal_flesh_keep_silence" title="Let all mortal flesh keep silence">Let all mortal flesh keep silence</a></i></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Liturgy_of_Preparation" title="Liturgy of Preparation">Liturgy of Preparation</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Offertory" title="Offertory">Offertory</a></dd> <dd><i><a href="/wiki/Only-begotten_Son" title="Only-begotten Son">Only-begotten Son</a></i></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Sursum_corda" title="Sursum corda">Sursum corda</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Zapivka" title="Zapivka">Zapivka</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Zeon_(liturgy)" title="Zeon (liturgy)">Zeon</a></dd></dl> <dl><dt>Divine Office</dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Song_of_Ascents#Anabathmoi" title="Song of Ascents">Anabathmoi</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Apolytikion" title="Apolytikion">Apolytikion</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Aposticha" title="Aposticha">Aposticha</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Artoklasia" class="mw-redirect" title="Artoklasia">Artoklasia</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Canon_(hymnography)" title="Canon (hymnography)">Canon</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Gloria_in_excelsis_Deo" title="Gloria in excelsis Deo">Doxology</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Exapostilarion" title="Exapostilarion">Exapostilarion</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Lity_in_Eastern_Christianity" title="Lity in Eastern Christianity">Lity</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Canticle#Eastern_Christian" title="Canticle">Odes</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Paraklesis" title="Paraklesis">Paraklesis</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Polyeleos" title="Polyeleos">Polyeleos</a> <dl><dd><a href="/wiki/Matins_Gospel" title="Matins Gospel">Matins Gospel</a></dd></dl></dd> <dd><i><a href="/wiki/Sub_tuum_praesidium" title="Sub tuum praesidium">Sub tuum praesidium</a></i></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Sticheron" title="Sticheron">Sticheron</a> <dl><dd><a href="/wiki/Doxastikon" title="Doxastikon">Doxastikon</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Idiomelon" title="Idiomelon">Idiomelon</a></dd></dl></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Theos_Kyrios" title="Theos Kyrios">Theos Kyrios</a></dd></dl> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:lightblue;width:1%">Participants</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Acolyte" title="Acolyte">Acolyte</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Altar_server" title="Altar server">altar server</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bishop#Catholic,_Eastern_Orthodox,_Oriental_Orthodox_and_Anglican_churches" title="Bishop">Bishop</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cantor_(Christianity)#Eastern_Christianity" title="Cantor (Christianity)">Cantor</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Canonarch" title="Canonarch">Canonarch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lampadarius" title="Lampadarius">Lampadarius</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Censer" title="Censer">Censer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Choir" title="Choir">Choir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deacon" title="Deacon">Deacon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Laity" title="Laity">Laity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hegumen" title="Hegumen">Hegumen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reader_(liturgy)#Eastern_liturgical_rites" title="Reader (liturgy)">Reader</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Priest#Roman_Catholicism_and_Eastern_Orthodoxy" title="Priest">Priest</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Subdeacon" title="Subdeacon">Subdeacon</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:lightblue;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Sanctuary#Sanctuary_as_area_around_the_altar" title="Sanctuary">Sanctuary</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/A%C3%ABr" title="Aër">Aër</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Altar_candle" title="Altar candle">Altar candle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Altar_lamp" title="Altar lamp">Altar lamp</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Analogion" title="Analogion">Analogion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anointing_brush" title="Anointing brush">Anointing brush</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antependium#Eastern_Christianity" title="Antependium">Antependium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antimins" title="Antimins">Antimins</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ambon_(liturgy)" title="Ambon (liturgy)">Ambon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bema" title="Bema">Bema</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cathedra#Eastern_churches" title="Cathedra">Cathedra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diptych#Ecclesiastical" title="Diptych">Diptych</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eagle_rug" title="Eagle rug">Eagle rug</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Altar#Byzantine_Rite" title="Altar">Holy Table</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iconostasis" title="Iconostasis">Iconostasis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lavabo" title="Lavabo">Lavabo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Relic#Christianity" title="Relic">Relic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_doors" title="Royal doors">Royal doors</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Soleas" title="Soleas">Soleas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Church_tabernacle" title="Church tabernacle">Tabernacle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prothesis_(altar)" title="Prothesis (altar)">Table of Oblation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Templon" title="Templon">Templon</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:lightblue;width:1%">Liturgical<br />objects</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Antidoron" title="Antidoron">Antidoron</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Artos" title="Artos">Artos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Asterisk_(liturgy)" title="Asterisk (liturgy)">Asterisk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Azymite" title="Azymite">Azymite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baptismal_font" title="Baptismal font">Baptismal font</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wedding_ring#Wedding_ceremony_customs" title="Wedding ring">Betrothal ring</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blessing_cross" title="Blessing cross">Blessing cross</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Candelabra" title="Candelabra">Candelabra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chalice#Christian" title="Chalice">Chalice</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chrism" title="Chrism">Chrism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crosier" class="mw-redirect" title="Crosier">Crosier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crucifix" title="Crucifix">Crucifix</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dikirion_and_trikirion" title="Dikirion and trikirion">Dikirion and trikirion</a> (<a href="/wiki/Paschal_trikirion" title="Paschal trikirion">Paschal trikirion</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paten#Eastern_Christian_usage" title="Paten">Diskos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Epitaphios_(liturgical)" title="Epitaphios (liturgical)">Epitaphios</a> (<a href="/wiki/Epitafio" class="mw-redirect" title="Epitafio">epitafio</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Holy_water_in_Eastern_Christianity" title="Holy water in Eastern Christianity">Holy water</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Icon" title="Icon">Icon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Incense" title="Incense">Incense</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Religious_use_of_incense#Christianity" title="Religious use of incense">use</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Koliva" title="Koliva">Koliva</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khorugv" title="Khorugv">Khorugv</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lamb_(liturgy)" title="Lamb (liturgy)">Lamb</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lavabo" title="Lavabo">Lavabo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liturgical_fan_in_Eastern_Christianity" title="Liturgical fan in Eastern Christianity">Liturgical fan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Menorah_(Temple)#In_other_cultures" class="mw-redirect" title="Menorah (Temple)">Menorah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Myrrh#In_contemporary_Christianity" title="Myrrh">Myrrh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oil_of_catechumens" title="Oil of catechumens">Oil of catechumens</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pall_(funeral)" title="Pall (funeral)">Pall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Podruchnik" title="Podruchnik">Podruchnik</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Processional_cross" title="Processional cross">Processional cross</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prosphora" title="Prosphora">Prosphora</a> (<a href="/wiki/Sacramental_bread" title="Sacramental bread">sacramental bread</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pyx" title="Pyx">Pyx</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rose_water" title="Rose water">Rose water</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sacramental_wine" title="Sacramental wine">Sacramental wine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sanctuary_lamp" title="Sanctuary lamp">Sanctuary lamp</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spear_(liturgy)" title="Spear (liturgy)">Spear</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spoon_(liturgy)" title="Spoon (liturgy)">Spoon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thurible" title="Thurible">Thurible</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Veil#Christianity" title="Veil">Veil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wedding_ring#Christian" title="Wedding ring">Wedding ring</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:lightblue;width:1%"><a class="mw-selflink-fragment" href="#Liturgical_books">Liturgical books</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Epistle#Eastern_churches" title="Epistle">Apostol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Euchologion" title="Euchologion">Euchologion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Evangeliary" title="Evangeliary">Evangeliary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Horologion" title="Horologion">Horologion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irmologion" title="Irmologion">Irmologion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lectionary#Byzantine_lectionary" title="Lectionary">Lectionary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Menaion" title="Menaion">Menaion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Menologion" class="mw-redirect" title="Menologion">Menologion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Octoechos_(liturgy)" title="Octoechos (liturgy)">Octoechos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Patristic_writings" class="mw-redirect" title="Patristic writings">Patristic writings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pentecostarion" title="Pentecostarion">Pentecostarion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Psalter" title="Psalter">Psalter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Synaxarion" class="mw-redirect" title="Synaxarion">Synaxarion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Triodion" title="Triodion">Triodion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Typicon" class="mw-redirect" title="Typicon">Typicon</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:lightblue;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Vestment#Eastern_Church_vestments" title="Vestment">Vestments</a> <small>(<a href="/wiki/Pontifical_vestments#Eastern_Christianity" title="Pontifical vestments">Pontifical</a>)</small></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Baptismal_clothing" title="Baptismal clothing">Baptismal clothing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cassock" title="Cassock">Cassock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Choir_dress" title="Choir dress">Choir dress</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liturgical_comb" title="Liturgical comb">Comb</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crosier" class="mw-redirect" title="Crosier">Crosier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Engolpion" title="Engolpion">Engolpion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Epigonation" title="Epigonation">Epigonation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Epimanikia" title="Epimanikia">Epimanikia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Epitrachelion" title="Epitrachelion">Epitrachelion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Klobuk" title="Klobuk">Klobuk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mantle_(monastic_vesture)" title="Mantle (monastic vesture)">Mantle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mitre" title="Mitre">Mitre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nabedrennik" title="Nabedrennik">Nabedrennik</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Omophorion" title="Omophorion">Omophorion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orarion" title="Orarion">Orarion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Panagia#Vestment" title="Panagia">Panagia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pectoral_cross" title="Pectoral cross">Pectoral cross</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phelonion" title="Phelonion">Phelonion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sakkos" title="Sakkos">Sakkos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stole_(vestment)#Eastern_Christianity" title="Stole (vestment)">Stole</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zone_(vestment)" title="Zone (vestment)">Zone</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:lightblue;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Eastern_Orthodox_liturgical_calendar" title="Eastern Orthodox liturgical calendar">Liturgical <br />calendar</a><br /></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <dl><dd><a href="/wiki/Pre-Lenten_Season" class="mw-redirect" title="Pre-Lenten Season">Pre-Lenten Season</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Great_Lent" title="Great Lent">Great Lent</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Holy_Week#Holy_Week_in_Eastern_Christianity" title="Holy Week">Holy Week</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Easter" title="Easter">Pascha</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Pentecost" title="Pentecost">Pentecostarion</a> <dl><dd><a href="/wiki/Apostles%27_Fast" title="Apostles' Fast">Apostles' Fast</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Dormition_of_the_Mother_of_God" title="Dormition of the Mother of God">Dormition Fast</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Nativity_Fast" title="Nativity Fast">Nativity Fast</a></dd></dl></dd></dl> <dl><dt></dt></dl> <ul><li><a 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