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<span>Western Office</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Western_Office-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Oriental_Christianity" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Oriental_Christianity"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Oriental Christianity</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Oriental_Christianity-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Oriental Christianity subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Oriental_Christianity-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Syriac_Orthodox_Church,_Indian_Orthodox_Church_and_Mar_Thoma_Syrian_Church" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Syriac_Orthodox_Church,_Indian_Orthodox_Church_and_Mar_Thoma_Syrian_Church"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>Syriac Orthodox Church, Indian Orthodox Church and Mar Thoma Syrian Church</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Syriac_Orthodox_Church,_Indian_Orthodox_Church_and_Mar_Thoma_Syrian_Church-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Coptic_Orthodox_Church_of_Alexandria" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Coptic_Orthodox_Church_of_Alexandria"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>Coptic Orthodox Church of Alexandria</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Coptic_Orthodox_Church_of_Alexandria-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Armenian_Liturgy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Armenian_Liturgy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.3</span> <span>Armenian Liturgy</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Armenian_Liturgy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Eastern_Christian_Office" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Eastern_Christian_Office"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Eastern Christian Office</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Eastern_Christian_Office-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notes_and_references" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notes_and_references"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Notes and references</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notes_and_references-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet 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href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sext" title="Sext – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Sext" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sexta_(liturgia)" title="Sexta (liturgia) – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Sexta (liturgia)" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sexte_(office)" title="Sexte (office) – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Sexte (office)" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sext_(gebedsstonde)" title="Sext (gebedsstonde) – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Sext (gebedsstonde)" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hora_Sexta" title="Hora Sexta – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Hora Sexta" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ceasul_al_%C8%99aselea_canonic" title="Ceasul al șaselea canonic – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Ceasul al șaselea canonic" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li 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</div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Appearance"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Appearance</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" 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div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">This article is about the liturgical hour. For the computer arithmetic operation SEXT, see <a href="/wiki/Sign_extension" title="Sign extension">Sign extension</a>. For the sexual type of text message, see <a href="/wiki/Sexting" title="Sexting">Sexting</a>.</div> <p><b>Sext</b> is a <a href="/wiki/Canonical_hour" class="mw-redirect" title="Canonical hour">canonical hour</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Liturgy_of_the_Hours" title="Liturgy of the Hours">Divine Office</a> in the liturgies of many Christian denominations. It consists mainly of <a href="/wiki/Psalm" class="mw-redirect" title="Psalm">psalms</a> and is held around noon. Its name comes from <a href="/wiki/Latin" title="Latin">Latin</a> and refers to the <b>sixth hour</b> of the day after dawn. With <a href="/wiki/Terce" title="Terce">Terce</a>, <a href="/wiki/None_(liturgy)" class="mw-redirect" title="None (liturgy)">None</a> and <a href="/wiki/Compline" title="Compline">Compline</a> it belongs to the so-called <a href="/wiki/Little_Hours" title="Little Hours">Little Hours</a>. </p><p>In <a href="/wiki/Oriental_Orthodox_Christianity" class="mw-redirect" title="Oriental Orthodox Christianity">Oriental Orthodox Christianity</a> and <a href="/wiki/Oriental_Protestant_Christianity" class="mw-redirect" title="Oriental Protestant Christianity">Oriental Protestant Christianity</a>, the office is prayed at 12 pm, being known as <b>Sheth sho`in</b> in the Syriac and Indian traditions; it is prayed facing the <a href="/wiki/Direction_of_prayer" title="Direction of prayer">eastward direction of prayer</a> by all members in these denominations, both clergy and laity, being one of the <a href="/wiki/Fixed_prayer_times#Christianity" title="Fixed prayer times">seven fixed prayer times</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Kurian2020_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Kurian2020-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-DSWA2016_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-DSWA2016-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Richards1908_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Richards1908-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sext&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The <i>hora sexta</i> of the <a href="/wiki/Ancient_Rome" title="Ancient Rome">Romans</a> corresponded closely with our noon. Among the <a href="/wiki/Jews" title="Jews">Jews</a> it was already regarded, <a href="/wiki/Little_Hours" title="Little Hours">together with</a> <a href="/wiki/Terce" title="Terce">Terce</a> and <a href="/wiki/None_(liturgy)" class="mw-redirect" title="None (liturgy)">None</a>, as an hour most favourable to <a href="/wiki/Prayer" title="Prayer">prayer</a>. The <a href="/wiki/Acts_of_the_Apostles" title="Acts of the Apostles">Acts of the Apostles</a> state that <a href="/wiki/St._Peter" class="mw-redirect" title="St. Peter">St. Peter</a> went up to the higher parts of the house to pray (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://bible.oremus.org/?passage=Acts%2010:9&version=nrsv">Acts 10:9</a>). It was the middle of the day, also the usual hour of rest, and in consequence for devout men, an occasion to pray to God, as were the morning and evening hours.<sup id="cite_ref-Cabrol_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Cabrol-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>From the time of the <a href="/wiki/Early_Church" class="mw-redirect" title="Early Church">early Church</a>, the practice of <a href="/wiki/Fixed_prayer_times" title="Fixed prayer times">seven fixed prayer times</a> have been taught; in <i><a href="/wiki/Apostolic_Tradition" title="Apostolic Tradition">Apostolic Tradition</a></i>, <a href="/wiki/Hippolytus_of_Rome" title="Hippolytus of Rome">Hippolytus</a> instructed Christians to pray seven times a day "on rising, at the lighting of the evening lamp, at bedtime, at midnight" and "the third, sixth and ninth hours of the day, being hours associated with Christ's Passion."<sup id="cite_ref-DanielouOrigen2016_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-DanielouOrigen2016-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Chadwick1993_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Chadwick1993-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Lössl2010_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Lössl2010-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> With respect to sixth hour prayer, Hippolytus wrote:<sup id="cite_ref-Hippolytus_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Hippolytus-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1244412712">.mw-parser-output .templatequote{overflow:hidden;margin:1em 0;padding:0 32px}.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{line-height:1.5em;text-align:left;margin-top:0}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{padding-left:1.6em}}</style><blockquote class="templatequote"><p>Pray also at the sixth hour. Because when Christ was attached to the wood of the cross, the daylight ceased and became darkness. Thus you should pray a powerful prayer at this hour, imitating the cry of him who prayed and all creation was made dark...<sup id="cite_ref-Hippolytus_9-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Hippolytus-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p></blockquote> <p>The <a href="/wiki/Fathers_of_the_Church" class="mw-redirect" title="Fathers of the Church">Fathers of the Church</a> dwell constantly on the symbolism of this hour. <a href="/wiki/Noon" title="Noon">Noon</a> is the hour when the sun is at its full, it is the image of Divine splendour, the plenitude of <a href="/wiki/God" title="God">God</a>, the time of <a href="/wiki/Divine_grace" title="Divine grace">grace</a>; at the sixth hour <a href="/wiki/Abraham" title="Abraham">Abraham</a> received the three <a href="/wiki/Angel" title="Angel">angels</a>. We should pray at noon, says <a href="/wiki/St._Ambrose" class="mw-redirect" title="St. Ambrose">St. Ambrose</a>, because that is the time when the Divine light is in its fullness. <a href="/wiki/Origen" title="Origen">Origen</a>, <a href="/wiki/Augustine_of_Hippo" title="Augustine of Hippo">St. Augustine</a>, and several others regard this hour as favourable to prayer. Lastly and above all, it was the hour when <a href="/wiki/Christ" class="mw-redirect" title="Christ">Christ</a> was nailed to the Cross; this memory excelling all the others left a still visible trace in most of the liturgy of this hour.<sup id="cite_ref-Cabrol_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Cabrol-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This scene from Good Friday is the background for Sext. "Lead us not into temptation" is the message of this hour.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It is also a time to ask God to grant one health and peace of heart, as in the traditional hymn <i><a href="/wiki/Rector_Potens,_Verax_Deus" title="Rector Potens, Verax Deus">Rector Potens</a></i>. </p><p>All these reasons and traditions, which indicate the sixth hour as a culminating point in the day, a sort of pause in the life of affairs, the hour of repast, could not but exercise an influence on <a href="/wiki/Christians" title="Christians">Christians</a>, inducing them to choose it as an hour of prayer. As early as the third century the hour of Sext was considered as important as <a href="/wiki/Terce" title="Terce">Terce</a> and <a href="/wiki/None_(liturgy)" class="mw-redirect" title="None (liturgy)">None</a> as an hour of prayer. The <a href="/wiki/Didache" title="Didache">Didache</a>, <a href="/wiki/Clement_of_Alexandria" title="Clement of Alexandria">Clement of Alexandria</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Tertullian" title="Tertullian">Tertullian</a> all speak of these three hours of prayer. <a href="/wiki/Origen" title="Origen">Origen</a>, the "<a href="/wiki/Canons_of_Hippolytus" title="Canons of Hippolytus">Canons of Hippolytus</a>", and St. <a href="/wiki/Cyprian" title="Cyprian">Cyprian</a> express the same tradition. It is therefore evident that the custom of prayer at the sixth hour was well established by the 3rd century. But probably most of these texts refer to private prayer.<sup id="cite_ref-Cabrol_4-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Cabrol-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In the 4th century the hour of Sext was widely established as a <a href="/wiki/Canonical_hours" title="Canonical hours">Canonical Hour</a>. In his <a href="/wiki/Basilian_monk" class="mw-redirect" title="Basilian monk">rule</a> <a href="/wiki/St._Basil" class="mw-redirect" title="St. Basil">St. Basil</a> made the sixth hour an hour of prayer for the <a href="/wiki/Monk" title="Monk">monks</a>. St. <a href="/wiki/John_Cassian" title="John Cassian">John Cassian</a> treats it as an hour of prayer generally recognized in his monasteries. But this does not mean that the observance of Sext, any more than <a href="/wiki/Prime_(liturgy)" title="Prime (liturgy)">Prime</a>, Terce, None, or even the other Canonical Hours, was universal. Discipline on this point varied widely according to regions and Churches.<sup id="cite_ref-Cabrol_4-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Cabrol-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Western_Office">Western Office</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sext&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Western Office"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Despite its antiquity the hour of Sext never had the importance of those of <a href="/wiki/Matins" title="Matins">Matins</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lauds" title="Lauds">Lauds</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Vespers" title="Vespers">Vespers</a>. It must have been of short duration. In the fourth and the following centuries the texts which speak of the compositions of this Office are far from uniform. John Cassian tells us that in <a href="/wiki/Palestine_(region)" title="Palestine (region)">Palestine</a> three psalms were recited for Sext, as also for Terce and None. This number was adopted by the Rules of <a href="/wiki/Rule_of_St._Benedict" class="mw-redirect" title="Rule of St. Benedict">St. Benedict</a>, <a href="/wiki/Columbanus" title="Columbanus">St. Columbanus</a>, <a href="/wiki/Isidore_of_Seville" title="Isidore of Seville">St. Isidore</a>, St. <a href="/wiki/Fructuosus" title="Fructuosus">Fructuosus</a>, and to a certain extent by the Roman Church. However, Cassian says that in some provinces three <a href="/wiki/Psalm" class="mw-redirect" title="Psalm">psalms</a> were said at Terce, six at Sext, and nine at None. Others recited six psalms at each hour and this custom became general among the <a href="/wiki/Gauls" title="Gauls">Gauls</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Cabrol_4-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Cabrol-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In the sixth century the <a href="/wiki/Rule_of_St._Benedict" class="mw-redirect" title="Rule of St. Benedict">Rule of St. Benedict</a> gives the detailed composition of this Office. Sext, like Terce and None, was composed at most of three psalms, of which the choice was fixed, the <i><a href="/wiki/Deus_in_adjutorium" class="mw-redirect" title="Deus in adjutorium">Deus in adjutorium</a></i>, a <a href="/wiki/Hymn" title="Hymn">hymn</a>, a lesson (<i>capitulum</i>), a <a href="/wiki/Versicle" title="Versicle">versicle</a>, the <i><a href="/wiki/Kyrie" title="Kyrie">Kyrie Eleison</a></i>, and the customary concluding prayer and dismissal.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Cabrol_4-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Cabrol-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> One of the most common hymns used at Sext is <a href="/wiki/Rector_Potens,_Verax_Deus" title="Rector Potens, Verax Deus">Rector Potens, Verax Deus</a>. <sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (September 2023)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>The term <i>siesta</i> derives from the canonical hour Sext. The practice developed from a <a href="/wiki/Order_of_St_Benedict" class="mw-redirect" title="Order of St Benedict">Benedictine</a> institution which provided that between the hours of Sext and None, the monks were allowed a nap to catch up on the sleep lost while chanting the night hours.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Terce, Sext and None have an identical structure, each with three psalms or portions of psalms. These are followed by a short reading from Scripture, once referred to as a “little chapter” (capitulum), and by a versicle and response. The Lesser Litany (Kyrie and the Lord's Prayer) of Pius X's arrangement have now been omitted. In monastic life it is seen as a time for refreshment, reflection, and renewal.<sup id="cite_ref-Kennedy_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Kennedy-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Book_of_Common_Prayer_(1979)" title="Book of Common Prayer (1979)">1979 <i>Book of Common Prayer</i></a>'s Order of Service for Noonday is based upon the traditional structure of the Little Offices.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In the <a href="/wiki/Episcopal_Church_(United_States)" title="Episcopal Church (United States)">Episcopal</a> monastic tradition, <i>diurnum</i> is a name for the midday service of the Divine Office, which is usually the second of four services. It is alternatively known as Sext.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (September 2023)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Oriental_Christianity">Oriental Christianity</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sext&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Oriental Christianity"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Syriac_Orthodox_Church,_Indian_Orthodox_Church_and_Mar_Thoma_Syrian_Church"><span id="Syriac_Orthodox_Church.2C_Indian_Orthodox_Church_and_Mar_Thoma_Syrian_Church"></span>Syriac Orthodox Church, Indian Orthodox Church and Mar Thoma Syrian Church</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sext&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Syriac Orthodox Church, Indian Orthodox Church and Mar Thoma Syrian Church"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In the <a href="/wiki/Syriac_Orthodox_Church" title="Syriac Orthodox Church">Syriac Orthodox Church</a> and <a href="/wiki/Indian_Orthodox_Church" class="mw-redirect" title="Indian Orthodox Church">Indian Orthodox Church</a> (both of which are <a href="/wiki/Oriental_Orthodox_Church" class="mw-redirect" title="Oriental Orthodox Church">Oriental Orthodox Churches</a>), as well as the <a href="/wiki/Mar_Thoma_Syrian_Church" title="Mar Thoma Syrian Church">Mar Thoma Syrian Church</a> (an <a href="/wiki/Oriental_Protestant_Christianity" class="mw-redirect" title="Oriental Protestant Christianity">Oriental Protestant</a> denomination), Sext is known as Sheth sho`in and is <a href="/wiki/Christian_prayer" title="Christian prayer">prayed</a> at 12 pm using the <a href="/wiki/Shehimo" title="Shehimo">Shehimo</a> breviary.<sup id="cite_ref-STMOC2020_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-STMOC2020-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Richards1908_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Richards1908-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Coptic_Orthodox_Church_of_Alexandria">Coptic Orthodox Church of Alexandria</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sext&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Coptic Orthodox Church of Alexandria"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In the <a href="/wiki/Coptic_Orthodox_Church" title="Coptic Orthodox Church">Coptic Orthodox Church</a>, an <a href="/wiki/Oriental_Orthodox" class="mw-redirect" title="Oriental Orthodox">Oriental Orthodox</a> denomination, the Sext is <a href="/wiki/Christian_prayer" title="Christian prayer">prayed</a> at 12 pm using the <a href="/wiki/Agpeya" title="Agpeya">Agpeya</a> breviary.<sup id="cite_ref-SMCOC2020_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SMCOC2020-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Armenian_Liturgy">Armenian Liturgy</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sext&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Armenian Liturgy"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The six hour in the Armenian Liturgy commemorates God the Father, and the sufferings and crucifixion of the Son of God. </p><p>Outline of the Service </p><p>Introduction: “Blessed is our Lord Jesus Christ. Amen. Our Father...”; “Blessed is the Holy Father, true God. Amen.” </p><p>Psalm 51: “Have mercy on me...”; “Glory...Now and always...Amen.”; Hymn of the Sixth Hour: “The light of the sun was darkened... (Khawarets`aw lo3sn arewoum...)”; Exhortation: “At every hour this is my prayer...(Amenayn zhamou...)”; Proclamation: “Again and again in peace...”; Prayer: “Blessing and Glory to the Father...Now and always...Amen.” </p><p><i>During the Great Fast:</i> The Prayer of John Mandakouni “With a sober mind... (Art`own mtawk`...)”; Proclamation: “That we may pass this hour...(Zzhams ev zarajakay...)” </p><p><i>Otherwise continue here:</i> Prayer: “Clothe us...(Zgets`o mez...)” </p><p>Psalm 79:8-9: “Do not remember...(mi yishea...)”; Proclamation: “For the sick...(Vasn hiwantats`...)”; Prayer, “Assuage the pains...(P`aratea zts`aws...)”; Prayer of Sarkawag Vardapet: “Remember, Lord your servants... (Hishea...)”; Prayer: “God, beneficent and full of mercy...(Barerar ev bazoumoghorm Astouats...)” </p><p>Psalm 41:1-4: “Blessed the one who considers...(Erani or khorhi...)”; Psalm 91: “The one who dwells in the most high...(Or bnakeanln...)” “Glory to the Father...Now and always...Amen.”; Proclamation: “Again and again in peace...Let us ask with faith...(Khndrests`ouk` havatov...)”; Prayer: “Father of mercies...(Hayr gt`out`eants`...)” </p><p>Then they said the prayer of Ephrem the Syrian with prostrations. </p><p>“Blessed is our Lord Jesus Christ. Amen. Our Father...” </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Eastern_Christian_Office">Eastern Christian Office</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sext&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Eastern Christian Office"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Further information: <a href="/wiki/Little_Hours#Eastern_Christian_Practice" title="Little Hours">Little Hours § Eastern Christian Practice</a></div> <p>In the <a href="/wiki/Eastern_Orthodox_Church" title="Eastern Orthodox Church">Eastern Orthodox</a> and <a href="/wiki/Eastern_Catholic_Churches" title="Eastern Catholic Churches">Greek Catholic</a> Churches the office of the Sixth Hour is normally read by a single <a href="/wiki/Reader_(liturgy)#Orthodoxy" title="Reader (liturgy)">Reader</a> and has very little variation in it. Three fixed psalms are read at the Sixth Hour: Psalms 53, 54 and 90 (<a href="/wiki/Septuagint" title="Septuagint">LXX</a>). The only variable portions for most of the year are the <a href="/wiki/Troparion" title="Troparion">Troparia</a> (either one or two) and <a href="/wiki/Kontakion" title="Kontakion">Kontakion</a> of the Day. </p><p>During <a href="/wiki/Great_Lent" title="Great Lent">Great Lent</a> a number of changes in the office take place. On Monday through Friday, after the three fixed psalms, the Reader says a <a href="/wiki/Kathisma" title="Kathisma">kathisma</a> from the <a href="/wiki/Psalter" title="Psalter">Psalter</a>. The Troparion of the Day is replaced by special Lenten hymns that are chanted with prostrations. Then, a special Troparion of the Prophecy is chanted, which is particular to that specific day of Great Lent. This is followed by a <a href="/wiki/Prokeimenon" title="Prokeimenon">Prokeimenon</a>, a reading from <a href="/wiki/Book_of_Isaiah" title="Book of Isaiah">Isaiah</a> and another Prokeimenon. Then there may follow a reading from the <i><a href="/wiki/Ladder_of_Divine_Ascent" class="mw-redirect" title="Ladder of Divine Ascent">Ladder of Divine Ascent</a></i>. The Kontakion of the Day is replaced by special Lenten troparia. Near the end of the Hour, the <a href="/wiki/Prayer_of_Saint_Ephrem" title="Prayer of Saint Ephrem">Prayer of St. Ephraim</a> is said, with prostrations. </p><p>During <a href="/wiki/Holy_Week" title="Holy Week">Holy Week</a>, on Great Monday, Tuesday and Wednesday, the services are similar to those during Great Lent (including the reading of a kathisma), but instead of the normal Lenten hymns which replace the Kontakion, the Kontakion of the day (i.e., that day of Holy Week) is chanted. On Great Thursday and Saturday, the Little Hours are more like normal. On Great Friday, the <a href="/wiki/Royal_Hours" title="Royal Hours">Royal Hours</a> are chanted. </p><p>During the <b>Lesser Lenten seasons</b> (<a href="/wiki/Nativity_Fast" title="Nativity Fast">Nativity Fast</a>, <a href="/wiki/Apostles%27_Fast" title="Apostles' Fast">Apostles' Fast</a> and <a href="/wiki/Dormition_of_the_Theotokos#Dormition_fast" class="mw-redirect" title="Dormition of the Theotokos">Dormition Fast</a>) the Little Hours undergo changes similar to those during Great Lent, except the Lenten hymns are usually read instead of chanted, and there are no kathismata. In addition, on weekdays of the Lesser Fasts, an <a href="/wiki/Inter-Hours" title="Inter-Hours">Inter-Hour</a> (Greek: <i>Mesorion</i>) may be read immediately after each Hour (at least on the first day of the Fast). The Inter-Hours may also be read during Great Lent if there is to be no reading from the <i>Ladder of Divine Ascent</i> at the Little Hours. The Inter-Hours follow the same general outline as the Little Hours, except they are shorter. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes_and_references">Notes and references</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sext&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Notes and references"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-Kurian2020-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Kurian2020_1-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFKurian" class="citation web cs1">Kurian, Jake. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ds-wa.org/seven-times-a-day-i-praise-you-the-sheema-prayers.html">"<span class="cs1-kern-left"></span>"Seven Times a Day I Praise You" – The Shehimo Prayers"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Malankara_Orthodox_Diocese_of_Southwest_America" title="Malankara Orthodox Diocese of Southwest America">Diocese of South-West America of the Malankara Orthodox Syrian Church</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2 August</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%22Seven+Times+a+Day+I+Praise+You%22+%E2%80%93+The+Shehimo+Prayers&rft.pub=Diocese+of+South-West+America+of+the+Malankara+Orthodox+Syrian+Church&rft.aulast=Kurian&rft.aufirst=Jake&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ds-wa.org%2Fseven-times-a-day-i-praise-you-the-sheema-prayers.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASext" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-DSWA2016-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-DSWA2016_2-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1"><i>Shehimo: Book of Common Prayer</i>. <a href="/wiki/Malankara_Orthodox_Diocese_of_Southwest_America" title="Malankara Orthodox Diocese of Southwest America">Diocese of South-West America of the Malankara Orthodox Syrian Church</a>. 2016. p. 5. <q>The seven hours of prayer create a cycle that provides us with a foretaste of the eternal life we will spend in the presence of God worshipping Him ... We pray standing upright while facing East as we collect our thoughts on God.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Shehimo%3A+Book+of+Common+Prayer&rft.pages=5&rft.pub=Diocese+of+South-West+America+of+the+Malankara+Orthodox+Syrian+Church&rft.date=2016&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASext" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Richards1908-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Richards1908_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Richards1908_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRichards1908" class="citation book cs1">Richards, William Joseph (1908). <i>The Indian Christians of St. Thomas: Otherwise Called the Syrian Christians of Malabar: a Sketch of Their History and an Account of Their Present Condition as Well as a Discussion of the Legend of St. Thomas</i>. Bemrose. p. 98. <q>We are commanded to pray standing, with faces towards the East, for at the last Messiah is manifested in the East. 2. All Christians, on rising from sleep early in the morning, should wash the face and pray. 3. We are commanded to pray seven times, thus...</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Indian+Christians+of+St.+Thomas%3A+Otherwise+Called+the+Syrian+Christians+of+Malabar%3A+a+Sketch+of+Their+History+and+an+Account+of+Their+Present+Condition+as+Well+as+a+Discussion+of+the+Legend+of+St.+Thomas&rft.pages=98&rft.pub=Bemrose&rft.date=1908&rft.aulast=Richards&rft.aufirst=William+Joseph&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASext" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Cabrol-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Cabrol_4-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Cabrol_4-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Cabrol_4-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Cabrol_4-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Cabrol_4-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Cabrol_4-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/62/PD-icon.svg/12px-PD-icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/62/PD-icon.svg/18px-PD-icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/62/PD-icon.svg/24px-PD-icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="196" data-file-height="196" /></span></span> One or more of the preceding sentences incorporates text from a publication now in the <a href="/wiki/Public_domain" title="Public domain">public domain</a>: <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCabrol1912" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1">Cabrol, Fernand (1912). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/13747c.htm">"Sext"</a>. In Herbermann, Charles (ed.). <i><a href="/wiki/Catholic_Encyclopedia" title="Catholic Encyclopedia">Catholic Encyclopedia</a></i>. Vol. 13. New York: Robert Appleton Company<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">14 April</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Sext&rft.btitle=Catholic+Encyclopedia&rft.place=New+York&rft.pub=Robert+Appleton+Company&rft.date=1912&rft.aulast=Cabrol&rft.aufirst=Fernand&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.newadvent.org%2Fcathen%2F13747c.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASext" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-DanielouOrigen2016-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-DanielouOrigen2016_5-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDanielou2016" class="citation book cs1">Danielou, Jean (2016). <i>Origen</i>. Wipf and Stock Publishers. p. 29. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-4982-9023-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-4982-9023-4"><bdi>978-1-4982-9023-4</bdi></a>. <q>Peterson quotes a passage from the <i>Acts of Hipparchus and Philotheus</i>: "In Hipparchus's house there was a specially decorated room and a cross was painted on the east wall of it. There before the image of the cross, they used to pray seven times a day ... with their faces turned to the east." It is easy to see the importance of this passage when you compare it with what Origen says. The custom of turning towards the rising sun when praying had been replaced by the habit of turning towards the east wall. This we find in Origen. From the other passage we see that a cross had been painted on the wall to show which was the east. Hence the origin of the practice of hanging crucifixes on the walls of the private rooms in Christian houses. We know too that signs were put up in the Jewish synagogues to show the direction of Jerusalem, because the Jews turned that way when they said their prayers. The question of the proper way to face for prayer has always been of great importance in the East. It is worth remembering that Mohammedans pray with their faces turned towards Mecca and that one reason for the condemnation of Al Hallaj, the Mohammedan martyr, was that he refused to conform to this practice.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Origen&rft.pages=29&rft.pub=Wipf+and+Stock+Publishers&rft.date=2016&rft.isbn=978-1-4982-9023-4&rft.aulast=Danielou&rft.aufirst=Jean&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASext" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Chadwick1993-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Chadwick1993_6-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHenry_Chadwick1993" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Henry_Chadwick_(theologian)" title="Henry Chadwick (theologian)">Henry Chadwick</a> (1993). <i>The Early Church</i>. Penguin. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-101-16042-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-101-16042-8"><bdi>978-1-101-16042-8</bdi></a>. <q>Hippolytus in the <i>Apostolic Tradition</i> directed that Christians should pray seven times a day - on rising, at the lighting of the evening lamp, at bedtime, at midnight, and also, if at home, at the third, sixth and ninth hours of the day, being hours associated with Christ's Passion. Prayers at the third, sixth, and ninth hours are similarly mentioned by Tertullian, Cyprian, Clement of Alexandria and Origen, and must have been very widely practised. These prayers were commonly associated with private Bible reading in the family.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Early+Church&rft.pub=Penguin&rft.date=1993&rft.isbn=978-1-101-16042-8&rft.au=Henry+Chadwick&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASext" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWeitzman2005" class="citation book cs1">Weitzman, M. P. (7 July 2005). <i>The Syriac Version of the Old Testament</i>. Cambridge University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-521-01746-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-521-01746-6"><bdi>978-0-521-01746-6</bdi></a>. <q>Clement of Alexandria noted that "some fix hours for prayer, such as the third, sixth and ninth" (Stromata 7:7). Tertullian commends these hours, because of their importance (see below) in the New Testament and because their number recalls the Trinity (De Oratione 25). These hours indeed appear as designated for prayer from the earliest days of the church. Peter prayed at the sixth hour, i.e. at noon (Acts 10:9). The ninth hour is called the "hour of prayer" (Acts 3:1). This was the hour when Cornelius prayed even as a "God-fearer" attached to the Jewish community, i.e. before his conversion to Christianity. it was also the hour of Jesus' final prayer (Matt. 27:46, Mark 15:34, Luke 22:44-46).</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Syriac+Version+of+the+Old+Testament&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft.date=2005-07-07&rft.isbn=978-0-521-01746-6&rft.aulast=Weitzman&rft.aufirst=M.+P.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASext" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Lössl2010-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Lössl2010_8-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLössl2010" class="citation book cs1">Lössl, Josef (17 February 2010). <i>The Early Church: History and Memory</i>. A&C Black. p. 135. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-567-16561-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-567-16561-9"><bdi>978-0-567-16561-9</bdi></a>. <q>Not only the content of early Christian prayer was rooted in Jewish tradition; its daily structure too initially followed a Jewish pattern, with prayer times in the early morning, at noon and in the evening. Later (in the course of the second century), this pattern combined with another one; namely prayer times in the evening, at midnight and in the morning. As a result seven 'hours of prayer' emerged, which later became the monastic 'hours' and are still treated as 'standard' prayer times in many churches today. They are roughly equivalent to midnight, 6 a.m., 9 a.m., noon, 3 p.m., 6 p.m. and 9 p.m. Prayer positions included prostration, kneeling and standing. ... Crosses made of wood or stone, or painted on walls or laid out as mosaics, were also in use, at first not directly as objections of veneration but in order to 'orientate' the direction of prayer (i.e. towards the east, Latin <i>oriens</i>).</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Early+Church%3A+History+and+Memory&rft.pages=135&rft.pub=A%26C+Black&rft.date=2010-02-17&rft.isbn=978-0-567-16561-9&rft.aulast=L%C3%B6ssl&rft.aufirst=Josef&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASext" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Hippolytus-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Hippolytus_9-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Hippolytus_9-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHippolytus" class="citation web cs1"><a href="/wiki/Hippolytus_of_Rome" title="Hippolytus of Rome">Hippolytus</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.stjohnsarlingtonva.org/Customer-Content/saintjohnsarlington/CMS/files/EFM/Apostolic_Tradition_by_Hippolytus.pdf">"Apostolic Tradition"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. St. John's Episcopal Church. p. 16<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">5 September</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Apostolic+Tradition&rft.pages=16&rft.pub=St.+John%27s+Episcopal+Church&rft.au=Hippolytus&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.stjohnsarlingtonva.org%2FCustomer-Content%2Fsaintjohnsarlington%2FCMS%2Ffiles%2FEFM%2FApostolic_Tradition_by_Hippolytus.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASext" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Parsch, Pius. "Introduction to the Canonical Hours", <i>Commentaries on the Breviary</i></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">St. Benedict of Nursia, <i>Regula</i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ccel.org/ccel/benedict/rule2/files/rule2.html#ch17">Chap. 17</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070103202915/http://www.ccel.org/ccel/benedict/rule2/files/rule2.html#ch17">Archived</a> 2007-01-03 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>; cf. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ccel.org/ccel/benedict/rule2/files/rule2.html#ch18">Chap. 18</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070103202915/http://www.ccel.org/ccel/benedict/rule2/files/rule2.html#ch18">Archived</a> 2007-01-03 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=auKvCI0zjQMC&dq=sext+canonical+hour&pg=PA137">[1]</a><a href="/wiki/Eugen_Rosenstock-Huessy" title="Eugen Rosenstock-Huessy">Rosenstock-Huessy, Eugen</a><span>. </span><i>Rosenstock-Huessy Papers</i><span>, Vol. 1, Argo Books, 1981, </span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780912148151" title="Special:BookSources/9780912148151">9780912148151</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Kennedy-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Kennedy_13-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=wIRN4dBX20IC&dq=sext+canonical+hour&pg=PT6">Kennedy, Sr. Stanislaus. <i>Seasons of the Day</i>, Random House, 2009</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781407041063" title="Special:BookSources/9781407041063">9781407041063</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=g4_P098HhHMC&dq=Terce+%28canonical%29&pg=PA514">Armentrout, Don S., "Terse, Sext, None", <i>An Episcopal Dictionary of the Church</i>, Church Publishing, Inc., 2000</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780898697018" title="Special:BookSources/9780898697018">9780898697018</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-STMOC2020-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-STMOC2020_15-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.stthomassouthflorida.com/uploads/3/7/7/1/37717427/grade12.pdf">"My Life in Heaven & on Earth"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. St. Thomas Malankara Orthodox Church. p. 31<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2 August</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=My+Life+in+Heaven+%26+on+Earth&rft.pages=31&rft.pub=St.+Thomas+Malankara+Orthodox+Church&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.stthomassouthflorida.com%2Fuploads%2F3%2F7%2F7%2F1%2F37717427%2Fgrade12.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASext" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-SMCOC2020-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-SMCOC2020_16-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1"><i>The Agpeya</i>. St. Mark Coptic Orthodox Church. pp. 5, 33, 49, 65, 80, 91, 130.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Agpeya&rft.pages=5%2C+33%2C+49%2C+65%2C+80%2C+91%2C+130&rft.pub=St.+Mark+Coptic+Orthodox+Church&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASext" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sext&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Canonical_Hours" class="mw-redirect" title="Canonical Hours">Canonical Hours</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist 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style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Sacraments_of_the_Catholic_Church" title="Sacraments of the Catholic Church">Sacraments</a>, <a href="/wiki/Catholic_particular_churches_and_liturgical_rites" title="Catholic particular churches and liturgical rites">rites</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Catholic_liturgy" title="Catholic liturgy">liturgies</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Catholic_Church" title="Catholic Church">Catholic Church</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:gold;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Sacraments_of_the_Catholic_Church" title="Sacraments of the Catholic Church">Sacraments</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Baptism_(Catholic_Church)" class="mw-redirect" title="Baptism (Catholic Church)">Baptism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Confirmation_in_the_Catholic_Church" title="Confirmation in the Catholic Church">Confirmation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eucharist_in_the_Catholic_Church" title="Eucharist in the Catholic Church">Eucharist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sacrament_of_Penance" title="Sacrament of Penance">Penance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anointing_of_the_Sick_in_the_Catholic_Church" title="Anointing of the Sick in the Catholic Church">Anointing of the Sick</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Holy_orders_in_the_Catholic_Church" title="Holy orders in the Catholic Church">Holy Orders</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marriage_in_the_Catholic_Church" title="Marriage in the Catholic Church">Matrimony</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:gold;width:1%">Eucharistic liturgies</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Divine_Liturgy" title="Divine Liturgy">Divine Liturgy</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Divine_Liturgy_of_the_Presanctified_Gifts" class="mw-redirect" title="Divine Liturgy of the Presanctified Gifts">Divine Liturgy of the Presanctified Gifts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Divine_Liturgy_of_St._Basil_the_Great" class="mw-redirect" title="Divine Liturgy of St. Basil the Great">Divine Liturgy of St. Basil the Great</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Divine_Liturgy_of_St._John_Chrysostom" class="mw-redirect" title="Divine Liturgy of St. John Chrysostom">Divine Liturgy of St. John Chrysostom</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Holy_Qurbana" title="Holy Qurbana">Holy Qurbana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Holy_Qurbono" class="mw-redirect" title="Holy Qurbono">Holy Qurbono</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mass_in_the_Catholic_Church" title="Mass in the Catholic Church">Mass</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Low_Mass" title="Low Mass">Low Mass</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Missa_cantata" title="Missa cantata">Missa Cantata</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Solemn_Mass" title="Solemn Mass">Solemn Mass</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pontifical_High_Mass" title="Pontifical High Mass">Pontifical High Mass</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Papal_Mass" title="Papal Mass">Papal Mass</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:gold;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Canonical_hours" title="Canonical hours">Canonical hours</a>,<br /><a href="/wiki/Liturgy_of_the_Hours" title="Liturgy of the Hours">Liturgical hours</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Matins" title="Matins">Matins</a> (nighttime)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lauds" title="Lauds">Lauds</a> (early morning)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prime_(liturgy)" title="Prime (liturgy)">Prime</a> (first hour of daylight)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Terce" title="Terce">Terce</a> (third hour)</li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Sext</a> (noon)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nones_(liturgy)" title="Nones (liturgy)">Nones</a> (ninth hour)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vespers" title="Vespers">Vespers</a> (sunset/evening) <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Evensong" title="Evensong">Evensong</a> (Anglican Use Vespers)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ramsha" title="Ramsha">Ramsha</a> (West Syriac Vespers)</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Compline" title="Compline">Compline</a> (end of the day)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:gold;width:1%">Other liturgical services</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Asperges" title="Asperges">Asperges</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Benediction_of_the_Blessed_Sacrament" title="Benediction of the Blessed Sacrament">Benediction of the Blessed Sacrament</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Exorcism_in_the_Catholic_Church" title="Exorcism in the Catholic Church">Exorcism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catholic_funeral" title="Catholic funeral">Funeral</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Requiem" title="Requiem">Requiem</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liturgy_of_the_Hours" title="Liturgy of the Hours">Liturgy of the Hours</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Procession#Catholic_Church" title="Procession">Procession</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:gold;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Liturgical_book" title="Liturgical book">Liturgical literature</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Agpeya" title="Agpeya">Agpeya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antiphonary" title="Antiphonary">Antiphonary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Book_of_hours" title="Book of hours">Book of hours</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Breviary" title="Breviary">Breviary</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Roman_Breviary" title="Roman Breviary">Roman Breviary</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Customary_(liturgy)" title="Customary (liturgy)">Customary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Euchologion" title="Euchologion">Euchologion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gospel_Book" title="Gospel Book">Gospel Book</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gradual" title="Gradual">Gradual</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Horologion" title="Horologion">Horologion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lectionary" title="Lectionary">Lectionary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liturgy_of_the_Hours" title="Liturgy of the Hours">Liturgy of the Hours</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Divine_Worship:_Daily_Office" title="Divine Worship: Daily Office">Divine Worship: Daily Office</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martyrology" title="Martyrology">Martyrology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pontifical" title="Pontifical">Pontifical</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Roman_Pontifical" title="Roman Pontifical">Roman Pontifical</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Psalter" title="Psalter">Psalter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Missal" title="Missal">Missal</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Divine_Worship:_The_Missal" title="Divine Worship: The Missal">Divine Worship: The Missal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roman_Missal" title="Roman Missal">Roman Missal</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tonary" title="Tonary">Tonary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roman_Ritual" title="Roman Ritual">Roman Ritual</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sacramentary" title="Sacramentary">Sacramentary</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:gold;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Sacred_language" title="Sacred language">Liturgical language</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ecclesiastical_Latin" title="Ecclesiastical Latin">Ecclesiastical Latin</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Liturgical_use_of_Latin" title="Liturgical use of Latin">Liturgical use of Latin</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:gold;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Catholic_particular_churches_and_liturgical_rites" title="Catholic particular churches and liturgical rites">Liturgical<br />rites</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:gold;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Latin_Church" title="Latin Church">Latin Church</a><br />(<a href="/wiki/Latin_liturgical_rites" title="Latin liturgical rites">Latin<br />liturgical rites</a>)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Current" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:gold;width:1%">Current</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ambrosian_Rite" title="Ambrosian Rite">Ambrosian Rite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rite_of_Braga" title="Rite of Braga">Rite of Braga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mozarabic_Rite" title="Mozarabic Rite">Mozarabic Rite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roman_Rite" title="Roman Rite">Roman Rite</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mass_of_Paul_VI" title="Mass of Paul VI">Mass of Paul VI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Preconciliar_rites_after_the_Second_Vatican_Council" title="Preconciliar rites after the Second Vatican Council">Extraordinary Form</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tridentine_Mass" title="Tridentine Mass">Tridentine Mass</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anglican_Use" title="Anglican Use">Anglican Use</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zaire_Use" title="Zaire Use">Zaire Use</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:gold;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Catholic_order_liturgical_rite" title="Catholic order liturgical rite">Orders</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Benedictine_Rite" title="Benedictine Rite">Benedictine Rite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carmelite_Rite" title="Carmelite Rite">Carmelite Rite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carthusian_Rite" class="mw-redirect" title="Carthusian Rite">Carthusian Rite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cistercian_Rite" title="Cistercian Rite">Cistercian Rite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dominican_Rite" title="Dominican Rite">Dominican Rite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Norbertine_Rite" title="Norbertine Rite">Norbertine Rite</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:gold;width:1%">Defunct</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/African_Rite" title="African Rite">African Rite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aquileian_Rite" title="Aquileian Rite">Aquileian Rite</a></li> <li>British <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Celtic_Rite" title="Celtic Rite">Celtic Rite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Durham_Rite" title="Durham Rite">Durham Rite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Use_of_Hereford" title="Use of Hereford">Hereford Use</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Use_of_Sarum" title="Use of Sarum">Sarum Use</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Use_of_York" title="Use of York">York Use</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gallican_Rite" title="Gallican Rite">Gallican Rite</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Missa_sicca" title="Missa sicca">Missa Nautica</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Missa_sicca" title="Missa sicca">Missa sicca</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Missa_sicca" title="Missa sicca">Missa Venatoria</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pre-Tridentine_Mass" title="Pre-Tridentine Mass">Pre-Tridentine Mass</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:gold;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Eastern_Catholic_Churches" title="Eastern Catholic Churches">Eastern Catholic<br />Churches</a><br />(<a href="/wiki/Eastern_Catholic_liturgy" title="Eastern Catholic liturgy">Eastern Catholic<br />liturgy</a>)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alexandrian_Rite" class="mw-redirect" title="Alexandrian Rite">Alexandrian Rite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Armenian_Rite" title="Armenian Rite">Armenian Rite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antiochene_Rite" title="Antiochene Rite">Antiochene Rite</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/West_Syriac_Rite" title="West Syriac Rite">West Syriac</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malankara_Rite" title="Malankara Rite">Malankara</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Byzantine_Rite" title="Byzantine Rite">Byzantine Rite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/East_Syriac_Rite" title="East Syriac Rite">East Syriac Rite</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Syro-Malabar_rite" class="mw-redirect" title="Syro-Malabar rite">Malabar</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow hlist" colspan="2" style="background-color:gold"><div><span class="nowrap"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:046CupolaSPietro.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/046CupolaSPietro.jpg/16px-046CupolaSPietro.jpg" decoding="async" width="16" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/046CupolaSPietro.jpg/24px-046CupolaSPietro.jpg 1.5x, 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