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class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Moves_to_Bratslav_and_Uman" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Moves_to_Bratslav_and_Uman"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>Moves to Bratslav and Uman</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Moves_to_Bratslav_and_Uman-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Pilgrimage_tradition" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Pilgrimage_tradition"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Pilgrimage tradition</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Pilgrimage_tradition-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Teachings" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Teachings"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Teachings</span> 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<span>Destroyed writings</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Destroyed_writings-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Quotes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Quotes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Quotes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Quotes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bibliography" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bibliography"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>Bibliography</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bibliography-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" 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Breslov</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 21 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-21" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">21 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%85%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Нахман – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Нахман" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nakhman_de_Breslev" title="Nakhman de Breslev – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Nakhman de Breslev" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nachman_z_Braclavi" title="Nachman z Braclavi – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Nachman z Braclavi" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rabbi_Nachman" title="Rabbi Nachman – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Rabbi Nachman" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Najman_de_Breslev" title="Najman de Breslev – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Najman de Breslev" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Na%C4%A5man_el_Braclavo" title="Naĥman el Braclavo – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Naĥman el Braclavo" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%86%D8%AD%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%86_%D9%85%D9%86_%D8%A8%D8%B1%DB%8C%D8%B3%D9%84%D9%88%D9%81" title="نحمان من بریسلوف – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="نحمان من بریسلوف" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nahman_de_Bratslav" title="Nahman de Bratslav – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Nahman de Bratslav" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nachman_di_Breslov" title="Nachman di Breslov – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Nachman di Breslov" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A0%D7%97%D7%9E%D7%9F_%D7%9E%D7%91%D7%A8%D7%A1%D7%9C%D7%91" title="נחמן מברסלב – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="נחמן מברסלב" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nachmanas_Braclavietis" title="Nachmanas Braclavietis – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Nachmanas Braclavietis" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%86%D8%AD%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%86_%D9%85%D9%86_%D8%A8%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%B3%D9%84%D9%88%D9%81" title="نحمان من بريسلوف – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="نحمان من بريسلوف" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nachman_van_Breslov" title="Nachman van Breslov – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Nachman van Breslov" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%8A%E3%83%95%E3%83%9E%E3%83%B3%E3%83%BB%E3%83%96%E3%83%A9%E3%83%84%E3%83%A9%E3%83%95" title="ナフマン・ブラツラフ – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ナフマン・ブラツラフ" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nachman_z_Brac%C5%82awia" title="Nachman z Bracławia – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Nachman z Bracławia" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nachman_de_Breslau" title="Nachman de Breslau – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Nachman de Breslau" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nahman_din_Bra%C8%9Blav" title="Nahman din Brațlav – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Nahman din Brațlav" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%85%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD_%D0%B8%D0%B7_%D0%91%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B0" title="Нахман из Брацлава – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Нахман из Брацлава" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nachman_av_Breslov" title="Nachman av Breslov – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Nachman av Breslov" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%85%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD_%D1%96%D0%B7_%D0%91%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B0" title="Нахман із Брацлава – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Нахман із Брацлава" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A0%D7%97%D7%9E%D7%9F_%D7%9E%D7%91%D7%A8%D7%A1%D7%9C%D7%91" title="נחמן מברסלב – Yiddish" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="נחמן מברסלב" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="Yiddish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ייִדיש</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q467182#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon 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Breslov</a>)</span></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Hasidic rabbi (1772–1810)</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Not to be confused with <a href="/wiki/Nachmanides" title="Nachmanides">Nachmanides</a>, a 13th-century sage.</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox biography vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size:125%;background: #ADD8E6; color: #000000;"><div class="fn">Nachman of Breslov</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Nachman_of_Breslov.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Nachman_of_Breslov.jpg/220px-Nachman_of_Breslov.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="298" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/20/Nachman_of_Breslov.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="289" data-file-height="392" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Title</th><td class="infobox-data">Breslover Rebbe</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background: #ADD8E6; color: #000000;">Personal</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Born</th><td class="infobox-data"><div style="display:inline" class="nickname">Nachman of Breslov</div><br />4 April 1772 (<a href="/wiki/Rosh_Chodesh" title="Rosh Chodesh">Rosh Chodesh</a> <a href="/wiki/Nisan" title="Nisan">Nisan</a> 5532)<br /><div style="display:inline" class="birthplace"><a href="/wiki/Medzhybizh" title="Medzhybizh">Międzybóż</a>, <a href="/wiki/Polish%E2%80%93Lithuanian_Commonwealth" title="Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth">Kingdom of Poland</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Died</th><td class="infobox-data">16 October 1810 (18 <a href="/wiki/Tishrei" title="Tishrei">Tishrei</a> 5571)<br /><div style="display:inline" class="deathplace"><a href="/wiki/Uman" title="Uman">Uman</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kiev_Governorate" title="Kiev Governorate">Kiev Governorate</a>, <a href="/wiki/Russian_Empire" title="Russian Empire">Russian Empire</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Religion</th><td class="infobox-data category"><a href="/wiki/Judaism" title="Judaism">Judaism</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Spouse</th><td class="infobox-data">Sashia, daughter of Rabbi Ephraim of Ossatin<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Children</th><td class="infobox-data">Adil<br />Sarah<br />Feiga<br />Chaya<br />Miriam<br />daughter (died in infancy)<br />Yaakov<br />Shlomo Ephraim</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Parents</th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"><ul><li>Simcha (father)</li><li>Feiga (mother)</li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Main work</th><td class="infobox-data">Likutey Moharan</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Dynasty</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Breslov_(Hasidic_dynasty)" class="mw-redirect" title="Breslov (Hasidic dynasty)">Breslov</a></td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Nachman of Breslov</b> (<a href="/wiki/Hebrew_language" title="Hebrew language">Hebrew</a>: <span lang="he" dir="rtl">רַבִּי נַחְמָן מִבְּרֶסְלֶב</span> <i>Rabbī</i> <i>Naḥmān mīBreslev</i>), also known as <b>Rabbi Nachman of Breslev</b>, <b>Rabbi Nachman miBreslev</b>, <b>Reb Nachman of Bratslav</b>, <b>Reb Nachman Breslover</b> (<a href="/wiki/Yiddish_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Yiddish language">Yiddish</a>: <span lang="yi" dir="rtl">רבי נחמן ברעסלאווער</span> <i>Rebe Nakhmen Breslover</i>), and <b>Nachman from Uman</b> (April 4, 1772 – October 16, 1810), was the founder of the <a href="/wiki/Breslov_(Hasidic_dynasty)" class="mw-redirect" title="Breslov (Hasidic dynasty)">Breslov</a> <a href="/wiki/Hasidic_Judaism" title="Hasidic Judaism">Hasidic</a> movement. He was particularly known for his creative parables,<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> drawing on Eastern European folktales to infuse his teaching with deeply <a href="/wiki/Kabbalah" title="Kabbalah">kabbalistic</a> yet universally accessible remedies, pieces of advice, and parabolic stories. He emphasized finding and expressing one’s uniqueness while steering away from despair in a world he saw as becoming more and more uniform. Through <a href="/wiki/Martin_Buber" title="Martin Buber">Martin Buber</a>'s translation, his teaching is thought to have influenced some 20th-century writers, including <a href="/wiki/Franz_Kafka" title="Franz Kafka">Franz Kafka</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Rabbi Nachman, a great-grandson of the <a href="/wiki/Baal_Shem_Tov" title="Baal Shem Tov">Baal Shem Tov</a>, revived the Hasidic movement by combining the Kabbalah with in-depth <a href="/wiki/Torah" title="Torah">Torah</a> scholarship. He attracted thousands of followers during his lifetime, and his influence continues today in Breslover Hasidism and non-Hasidic movements.<sup id="cite_ref-nadav_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nadav-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Rabbi Nachman's religious philosophy revolved around closeness to God, speaking to God in normal conversation "as you would with a best friend", and being happy. The concept of <i><a href="/wiki/Hitbodedut" title="Hitbodedut">hitbodedut</a></i> was central to his thinking.<sup id="cite_ref-nadav_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nadav-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Biography">Biography</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nachman_of_Breslov&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Biography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Baal_Shem_Tov_family_tree" title="Baal Shem Tov family tree">Baal Shem Tov family tree</a></div> <p>Nachman was born on April 4, 1772 (<a href="/wiki/Rosh_Chodesh" title="Rosh Chodesh">Rosh Chodesh</a> of <a href="/wiki/Nisan" title="Nisan">Nisan</a>) into a family of central figures in Hasidism in the town which was then <a href="/wiki/Medzhybizh" title="Medzhybizh">Międzybóż</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Polish%E2%80%93Lithuanian_Commonwealth" title="Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth">Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth</a>, now <a href="/wiki/Medzhybizh" title="Medzhybizh">Medzhybizh</a> in <a href="/wiki/Ukraine" title="Ukraine">Ukraine</a>. At first, he refused his role of carrying on his familial tradition of being leaders of Hasidism. <sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Nachman's mother, Feiga, was the daughter of Adil (also spelled Udel), daughter of the Baal Shem Tov, founder of Hasidic Judaism. His father Simcha was the son of one of the Baal Shem Tov's disciples after whom Nachman was named, <a href="/wiki/Nachman_of_Horodenka" title="Nachman of Horodenka">Nachman of Horodenka</a> (Gorodenka) who was a seventh-generation lineal descendant of <a href="/wiki/Judah_Loew_ben_Bezalel" title="Judah Loew ben Bezalel">Judah Loew ben Bezalel</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-mytzadik_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-mytzadik-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Nachman had two brothers, Yechiel Zvi and Yisroel Mes, and a sister, Perel.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>At the age of 13, he married Sashia, daughter of Rabbi Ephraim, and moved to his father-in-law's home in Ossatin (Staraya Osota today). He acquired his first disciple on his wedding day, a young man named Shimon who was several years older than he was.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1798–1799, he traveled from the territory of Ukraine to the land of Israel, where he visited Hasidim living in <a href="/wiki/Haifa" title="Haifa">Haifa</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tiberias" title="Tiberias">Tiberias</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Safed" title="Safed">Safed</a>. He arrived in Galilee right in the middle of Napoleon’s battle with the Turks. This journey, which he saw as a private rite of passage, was often looked back on as a source of inspiration for him. In Tiberias, his influence brought about a reconciliation between the <a href="/wiki/Lithuania" title="Lithuania">Lithuanian</a> and <a href="/wiki/Volhynia" title="Volhynia">Volhynian</a> Hasidim.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On his return from Israel, he was ready to assume the mantle of leadership in Hasidism, which he did in a highly selective manner. In his early years of leadership, he made each disciple confess all of his sins to him, as well as participate in a daily hour-long conversation with God. <sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Shortly before <a href="/wiki/Rosh_Hashana" class="mw-redirect" title="Rosh Hashana">Rosh Hashana</a> 1800, Nachman moved to the town of <a href="/wiki/Zlatopil,_Novomyrhorod" title="Zlatopil, Novomyrhorod">Zlatopol</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Moves_to_Bratslav_and_Uman">Moves to Bratslav and Uman</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nachman_of_Breslov&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Moves to Bratslav and Uman"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Bratsalv.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7f/Bratsalv.jpg/180px-Bratsalv.jpg" decoding="async" width="180" height="135" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7f/Bratsalv.jpg/270px-Bratsalv.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7f/Bratsalv.jpg/360px-Bratsalv.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2592" data-file-height="1944" /></a><figcaption>River in <a href="/wiki/Bratslav" title="Bratslav">Bratslav</a></figcaption></figure> <p>In 1802, Nachman moved to the town of <a href="/wiki/Bratslav" title="Bratslav">Bratslav</a>, also known as "Breslov" and "Bracław".<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>His move to the town of Breslov brought him into contact with <a href="/wiki/Nathan_of_Breslov" title="Nathan of Breslov">Nathan Sternhartz</a>, a 22-year-old Torah scholar in the nearby town of <a href="/wiki/Nemirov" class="mw-redirect" title="Nemirov">Nemirov</a>.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (March 2013)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> Sternhartz recorded all of Nachman's formal lessons as well as transcribing his work <i>Likutey Moharan</i>.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (March 2013)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> After Nachman's death, Sternhartz recorded informal conversations he and other disciples had had with Nachman, whose works he published with his own commentaries on them.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (December 2012)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>Nachman and his wife Sashia had six daughters and two sons. Two daughters died in infancy and the two sons both died within a year and a half of their births. Their surviving children were Adil, Sarah,<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Miriam, and Chayah.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Sashia died of <a href="/wiki/Tuberculosis" title="Tuberculosis">tuberculosis</a> in June 1807,<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and the next month Nachman became engaged to a woman named Trachtenberg. Right after the engagement, Nachman contracted tuberculosis.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1244412712">.mw-parser-output .templatequote{overflow:hidden;margin:1em 0;padding:0 32px}.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{line-height:1.5em;text-align:left;margin-top:0}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{padding-left:1.6em}}</style><blockquote class="templatequote"><p>For every question there is an answer... for every answer there is a question</p><div class="templatequotecite">— <cite><a href="/wiki/Baal_Shem_Tov" title="Baal Shem Tov">Baal Shem Tov</a></cite></div></blockquote> <p>In 1810, after a fire destroyed Nachman's home, a group of <i><a href="/wiki/Haskalah" title="Haskalah">maskilim</a></i> (Jews belonging to the Jewish enlightenment movement) living in <a href="/wiki/Uman" title="Uman">Uman</a> invited him to live in their town, and provided housing for him as his illness worsened.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Nachman died of tuberculosis at the age of 38 in the early autumn on the fourth day of <a href="/wiki/Sukkot" title="Sukkot">Sukkot</a> 1810, and was buried in the local Jewish cemetery.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Rabbi_Nahman_Tomb_(Uman,_Ukraine).JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Rabbi_Nahman_Tomb_%28Uman%2C_Ukraine%29.JPG/200px-Rabbi_Nahman_Tomb_%28Uman%2C_Ukraine%29.JPG" decoding="async" width="200" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Rabbi_Nahman_Tomb_%28Uman%2C_Ukraine%29.JPG/300px-Rabbi_Nahman_Tomb_%28Uman%2C_Ukraine%29.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Rabbi_Nahman_Tomb_%28Uman%2C_Ukraine%29.JPG/400px-Rabbi_Nahman_Tomb_%28Uman%2C_Ukraine%29.JPG 2x" data-file-width="3264" data-file-height="2448" /></a><figcaption>Grave of Rebbe Nachman of Breslov</figcaption></figure> <p>Based on the frequent fluctuations and changes in Nachman's mood, scholars have suggested that he suffered from severe depression<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and from <a href="/wiki/Bipolar_disorder" title="Bipolar disorder">bipolar disorder</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Pilgrimage_tradition">Pilgrimage tradition</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nachman_of_Breslov&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Pilgrimage tradition"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Nahmantomb.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Nahmantomb.JPG/225px-Nahmantomb.JPG" decoding="async" width="225" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Nahmantomb.JPG/338px-Nahmantomb.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Nahmantomb.JPG/450px-Nahmantomb.JPG 2x" data-file-width="912" data-file-height="608" /></a><figcaption>The <a href="/wiki/Synagogue" title="Synagogue">synagogue</a> where Nachman is buried</figcaption></figure> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Rosh_Hashana_kibbutz" title="Rosh Hashana kibbutz">Rosh Hashana kibbutz</a></div> <p>After Nachman's death Sternhartz instituted an annual pilgrimage to his gravesite on Rosh Hashana, called the <a href="/wiki/Rosh_Hashana_kibbutz" title="Rosh Hashana kibbutz">Rosh Hashana kibbutz</a>, which drew thousands of Hasidim until 1917, when the <a href="/wiki/October_Revolution" title="October Revolution">October Revolution</a> forced it to continue clandestinely. Only a dozen or so Hasidim risked making the annual pilgrimage during the <a href="/wiki/Ukrainian_Soviet_Socialist_Republic" title="Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic">Communist era</a>. During <a href="/wiki/Perestroika" title="Perestroika">Perestroika</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Soviet_Union" title="Soviet Union">Soviet Union</a> in 1989, the gates were reopened. In 2008, approximately 25,000 people from all over the world participated in this annual pilgrimage.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Teachings">Teachings</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nachman_of_Breslov&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Teachings"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Nachman rejected the idea of hereditary Hasidic dynasties and taught that each Hasid must "search for the <a href="/w/index.php?title=%27%27tzaddik%27%27&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="''tzaddik'' (page does not exist)">''tzaddik''</a> ('saintly/righteous person')" for and within themself. He believed that every Jew had the potential to become a <i>tzaddik</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He emphasized that a <i>tzaddik</i> should magnify God’s blessings on the community through their performance of <a href="/wiki/Mitzvah" title="Mitzvah">mitzvot</a>. However, a <i>tzaddik</i> cannot absolve a Hasid of their sins; the Hasid should pray only to God, not to the Rebbe of the time. Confiding in others unburdens the soul as part of repentance and healing.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="margin-left:0.1em; white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Please_clarify" title="Wikipedia:Please clarify"><span title="The text near this tag is a non sequitur, and needs to be integrated into the text in a way that is meaningful to the reader. (November 2024)"><i>non sequitur</i></span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>In his early life, he stressed the practice of <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ta%E2%80%99anit&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ta’anit (page does not exist)">fasting</a> and self-castigation as the most effective means of <a href="/wiki/Repentance_in_Judaism" title="Repentance in Judaism">repentance</a>.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (November 2024)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> In later years, however, he abandoned severe asceticism because he felt it might lead to <a href="/wiki/Depression_(mood)" title="Depression (mood)">depression</a> and sadness. He told his followers not to be "fanatics". Instead, they should choose one personal mitzvah to be very strict about and do the others with a healthy amount of care.<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>He encouraged his disciples to take every opportunity to increase holiness in themselves and their daily activities. For example, by marrying and living with one's spouse according to <a href="/wiki/613_commandments" title="613 commandments">Torah law</a>, one elevates sexual intimacy to an act bespeaking honor and respect to the God-given powers of procreation. He urged everyone to seek out their own and others' good points in order to approach life in a state of continual happiness. He stressed living with faith, simplicity, and joy. He encouraged his followers to clap, sing, and dance during or after their prayers to bring them closer to God. He taught his followers to spend an hour alone daily, talking aloud to God in their own words, as if "talking to a good friend". This is in addition to the prayers in the <a href="/wiki/Siddur" title="Siddur">siddur</a>. Breslover Hasidism still follows this practice today, which is known as <i><a href="/wiki/Hitbodedut" title="Hitbodedut">hitbodedut</a></i> (literally, "to make oneself be in solitude"). Nachman taught that the best place to do <i>hitbodedut</i> was in a field or forest among the natural works of God's creation. He emphasized the importance of music for spiritual development and religious practice.<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Controversy">Controversy</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nachman_of_Breslov&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Controversy"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 1816, <a href="/wiki/Joseph_Perl" title="Joseph Perl">Joseph Perl</a> wrote a denunciation of Hasidic mysticism and beliefs, in which he criticized many of the writings of Nachman, who had died six years earlier. Austrian imperial censors blocked publication of Perl's treatise, fearing that it would foment unrest among the empire's Jewish subjects.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (January 2023)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>During his lifetime Nachman also encountered opposition within the Hasidic movement itself from people who questioned his new approach. Eventually nearly the entire Jewish population of <a href="/wiki/Zlatopil,_Novomyrhorod" title="Zlatopil, Novomyrhorod">Zlatopil</a> opposed Nachman, leading him to relocate to Breslov in 1802.<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Nachman believed at one time that he was the Messiah,<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and should be recognized as such.<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Published_works">Published works</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nachman_of_Breslov&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Published works"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/38px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="38" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/57px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/76px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="410" data-file-height="430" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist"><a href="/wiki/Wikisource" title="Wikisource">Wikisource</a> has original text related to this article: <div style="margin-left: 10px;"><b><a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Author:Nachman_of_Breslov" class="extiw" title="wikisource:Author:Nachman of Breslov">Author:Nachman of Breslov</a></b></div></div></div> </div> <p>Reb Nachman's Torah lessons and stories were published and disseminated mainly after his death by his disciple, Reb Noson: </p> <ul><li><i>Likutey Moharan</i> ("Collected Teachings of Our Teacher, Rabbi Nachman") (vol. i., Ostrog, 1808; vol. ii., Moghilev, 1811; vol. iii., Ostrog, 1815)—Hasidic interpretations of the <a href="/wiki/Tanakh" class="mw-redirect" title="Tanakh">Tanakh</a>, <a href="/wiki/Talmud" title="Talmud">Talmud</a> and <a href="/wiki/Midrash" title="Midrash">Midrashim</a>, <a href="/wiki/Zohar" title="Zohar">Zohar</a>, etc. This work has been completely translated to English and annotated in fifteen volumes by Rabbis Chaim Kramer and Moshe Mykoff of the <a href="/wiki/Breslov_Research_Institute" title="Breslov Research Institute">Breslov Research Institute</a>.</li> <li><i>Sefer HaMidot</i><sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (<i>The Aleph-Bet Book</i>) (Moghilev, 1821)—a collection of practical advice gleaned from Torah sources, presented as epigrams or maxims and arranged alphabetically by topic.<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><i>Tikkun HaKlali</i> ("General Remedy")—Reb Nachman's order of ten Psalms to be recited for various problems, plus commentary by Reb Noson. Published as a separate book in 1821.</li> <li><i><a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Translation:Tales_of_Rabbi_Nachman" class="extiw" title="s:Translation:Tales of Rabbi Nachman">Sippurei Ma'asiyot</a></i> (<i>Tales of Rabbi Nachman</i> or <i>Rabbi Nachman's Stories</i>) (n.p., 1816)—13 story tales in <a href="/wiki/Yiddish_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Yiddish language">Yiddish</a> and then translated in to <a href="/wiki/Hebrew_language" title="Hebrew language">Hebrew</a> and that are filled with deep mystical secrets. The longest of these tales is <i>The Seven Beggars</i>,<sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> which contains many kabbalistic themes and hidden allusions. Several fragmentary stories are also included in Rabbi <a href="/wiki/Aryeh_Kaplan" title="Aryeh Kaplan">Aryeh Kaplan</a>'s translation of the complete tales, <i>Rabbi Nachman's Stories</i>.</li> <li><i>Sichot HaRan</i> ("Talks of Rabbi Nachman"): Compilation of the central teachings of Rabbi Nachman, comprising 308 "<i><a href="/wiki/Sicha" class="mw-redirect" title="Sicha">sichas</a></i>", mainly presented as anecdotes, concerning Hassidic philosophy and the Service of God, and providing background and remarks re earlier teachings. <sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Originally an appendix to <i>Sippurei Ma'asiyot</i>.</li></ul> <p>Another mysterious document that Reb Nachman dictated to Reb Noson is the <i>Megillat Setarim</i> ("Hidden Scroll"), which was written in a cryptic combination of Hebrew initials and brief phrases. Prof. Zvi Mark has researched and attempted to decipher this document, based on disclosures from prominent members of the Breslov community. His findings have been published in Hebrew and in English translation, along with facsimiles of discrepant manuscript copies. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Destroyed_writings">Destroyed writings</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nachman_of_Breslov&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Destroyed writings"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Nachman also wrote but then destroyed <i>Sefer HaGanuz</i> ("The Hidden Book") and the <i>Sefer HaNisraf</i> ("The Burned Book"). He told his disciples that these volumes contained deep mystical insights that few would be able to comprehend. He dictated the <i>Sefer HaNisraf</i> to Sternhartz, who said that he did not understand it at all and that "What I do remember is that it spoke about the greatness of the mitzvah of hospitality and preparing the bed for a guest".<sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Nachman never showed the <i>Sefer HaGanuz</i> to anyone, and in 1808 he burned all the copies of the <i>Sefer HaGanuz</i> and the <i>Sefer Ha-nisraf</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Nachman first ordered the two manuscripts of the book <i>Sefer HaNisraf</i> to be destroyed in a bargain for his life during a phase of his tuberculosis which preceded his death by two years.<sup id="cite_ref-Greenbaum_1987_{{ISBN|0-930213-17-3}}_35-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Greenbaum_1987_{{ISBN|0-930213-17-3}}-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He believed that the illness was a "punishment from the upper-world--for writing a book".<sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Two years later, from his deathbed, he ordered a chest full of his writings to be burnt. On the evening of the last day of his life, Rabbi Nachman gave his disciples the key to a chest. "As soon as I am dead," he told them, "while my body is still lying here on the floor, you are to take all the writings you find in the chest and burn them. And be sure to fulfill my request."<sup id="cite_ref-Greenbaum_1987_{{ISBN|0-930213-17-3}}_35-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Greenbaum_1987_{{ISBN|0-930213-17-3}}-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Quotes">Quotes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nachman_of_Breslov&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Quotes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>"It is a great <a href="/wiki/Mitzvah" title="Mitzvah">mitzvah</a> to be happy always."<sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>"If you believe that you can damage, then believe that you can fix."<sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>"Gevalt!!! Never give up hope! There is no despair."<sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>"When a person realizes that he is on a very low level and far from God, this itself is a reason to feel encouraged. Before this, he was so far from God that he did not even know it. Now at least he knows it, and this itself is a sign that he is drawing closer."<sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>"Worldly desires are like sunbeams in a dark room. They seem solid until you try to grasp one."<sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>"It is very good to pour out your heart to God as you would to a true, good friend."<sup id="cite_ref-42" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>"You are never given an obstacle you cannot overcome."<sup id="cite_ref-43" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>"The essence of wisdom is to realize how far from wisdom you are."<sup id="cite_ref-44" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>"All the sages of Israel are in my estimation like a garlic peel."<sup id="cite_ref-45" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>"Wherever I go, I'm always going to Israel."<sup id="cite_ref-46" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>"Know that [when] a person needs to cross a very, very narrow bridge, the general principle and main point is not to make oneself at all terrified."<sup id="cite_ref-47" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nachman_of_Breslov&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Na_Nach_Nachma_Nachman_Meuman" title="Na Nach Nachma Nachman Meuman">Na Nach Nachma Nachman Meuman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Levi_Yitzchok_of_Berditchev" title="Levi Yitzchok of Berditchev">Levi Yitzchok of Berditchev</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/The_Rooster_Prince" title="The Rooster Prince">The Rooster Prince</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nachman_of_Breslov&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">His first wedding had to be at thirteen <i>as was the custom in the period</i> he lived</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Solomon_Grayzel" title="Solomon Grayzel">Solomon Grayzel</a>, <i>A History of the Jews</i>, <a href="/wiki/The_Jewish_Publication_Society_of_America" class="mw-redirect" title="The Jewish Publication Society of America">The Jewish Publication Society of America</a>, Philadelphia, 1968, p. 533: "Nachman of Bratslav, possessed a remarkable gift for telling stories and parables which became the spiritual heritage of all Israel"</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://yivoencyclopedia.org/article.aspx/Nahman_of_Bratslav">https://yivoencyclopedia.org/article.aspx/Nahman_of_Bratslav</a>: "to help redeem the fantasy life of his disciples (and himself) from domination by evil, Naḥman in 1806 began to tell fantastic stories, derived from East European folkloric motifs but interwoven with intimations of kabbalistic symbols and suffused with an air of mythic reality. The most important of these stories were published after his death as <i>Sipure ma‘asiyot</i> (1815), in a Hebrew and Yiddish bilingual edition. Historians of modern Jewish literature in both languages have regarded them as important literary compositions... Through <a href="/wiki/Martin_Buber" title="Martin Buber">Martin Buber</a>’s adaptive translation (1906), it is likely that they influenced Franz Kafka and other modern writers."</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-nadav-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-nadav_4-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-nadav_4-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFShragai2008" class="citation web cs1">Shragai, Nadav (3 November 2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.haaretz.com/hasen/spages/984972.html">"Singing a different tune"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Haaretz" title="Haaretz">Haaretz</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">10 December</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Haaretz&rft.atitle=Singing+a+different+tune&rft.date=2008-11-03&rft.aulast=Shragai&rft.aufirst=Nadav&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.haaretz.com%2Fhasen%2Fspages%2F984972.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANachman+of+Breslov" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Green- Nahman of Bratslav- Encyclopedia of Religion</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-mytzadik-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-mytzadik_6-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-script cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.mytzadik.com/index.asp?lid=6&page=tzadik&kid=98&t=רבי"><bdi lang="he">רבי נחמן מהורודנקא</bdi></a> [Rabbi Nachman of Horodenka]. <i>mytzadik.com</i> (in Hebrew)<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">Aug 16,</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=mytzadik.com&rft.atitle=%D7%A8%D7%91%D7%99+%D7%A0%D7%97%D7%9E%D7%9F+%D7%9E%D7%94%D7%95%D7%A8%D7%95%D7%93%D7%A0%D7%A7%D7%90&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.mytzadik.com%2Findex.asp%3Flid%3D6%26page%3Dtzadik%26kid%3D98%26t%3D%D7%A8%D7%91%D7%99&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANachman+of+Breslov" class="Z3988"></span><sup class="noprint Inline-Template"><span style="white-space: nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot" title="Wikipedia:Link rot"><span title=" Dead link tagged August 2023">permanent dead link</span></a></i><span style="visibility:hidden; color:transparent; padding-left:2px">‍</span>]</span></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Until the Mashiach</i>, p. 2.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Until the Mashiach</i>, p. 7.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Rabbi Nachman's Wisdom</i>: His Pilgrimage to the Land of Israel #19.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Green- Nahman of Bratslav- Encyclopedia of Religion</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Tzaddik</i> #12.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.israelnationalnews.com/News/News.aspx/311491">In August 2021 Sarah's grave was descecrated with pig Bones (Israel National News)</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Until the Mashiach</i>, pp. 330-341.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Until the Mashiach</i>, p. 140.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Until the Mashiach</i>, pp. 143-144.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Tzaddik</i> #114.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Until the Mashiach</i>, pp. 204-206.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Arthur_Green" title="Arthur Green">Arthur Green</a>, <b>בעל הייסורים: פרשת חייו של ר' נחמן מברסלב</b>, Afekim Library, Am Oved Publishing, pp. 79, 91 , 163–164, 172, 175.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Joseph_G._Weiss" title="Joseph G. Weiss">Joseph G. Weiss</a>, <b>מחקרים בחסידות ברסלב</b>, Bialik Institute, Jerusalem, p. 164</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">H. Daum and A. Hartman, <b>נפש יהודית</b>, Israel 2017, pp. 235-236</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Ada_Rapoport-Albert" title="Ada Rapoport-Albert">Ada Rapoport-Albert</a>'s article "קטנות, פשיטות ואיני יודע" which appears in her book "חסידים ושבתאים, אנשים ונשים", page 122</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://jta.org/news/article/2008/10/02/110639/umanroshhashana">"Hasidic Jews celebrate holiday in Uman"</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100514065924/http://jta.org/news/article/2008/10/02/110639/umanroshhashana">Archived</a> 2010-05-14 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> <a href="/wiki/Jewish_Telegraphic_Agency" title="Jewish Telegraphic Agency">Jewish Telegraphic Agency</a>, 2008-10-02. Retrieved 31 July 2009.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Rabbi Nachman's Wisdom</i> #26.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Rabbi Nachman's Wisdom</i> #235.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">AZAMRA! Likutey Moharan I, 282 <a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="http://www.breslov.co.il/image/users/251935/ftp/my_files/Azamra%20from%20the%20book.pdf?id=12892890">[1]</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20131001093309/http://www.breslov.co.il/image/users/251935/ftp/my_files/Azamra%20from%20the%20book.pdf?id=12892890">Archived</a> 2013-10-01 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>. Cf. <a href="/wiki/Nigun" title="Nigun">Nigun</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Kaplan, Aryeh. <i>Until The Mashiach; Rabbi Nachman's Biography: An Annotated Chronology.</i> (Breslov Research Institute, no location listed, 1985), pp. 60-62. (Kaplan cites <i>Chayay Moharan</i> 27b #11 and #114.) The same story is referenced also in Kramer, Chaim. <i>Through Fire and Water: The Life of Reb Noson of Breslov.</i> (Breslov Research Institute, New York/Jerusalem, no date listed), pp. 31-32.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-27">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Paul Kriwaczek, <i>Yiddish Civilisation</i>, <a href="/wiki/Vintage_Books" title="Vintage Books">Vintage Books</a>, (a division of <a href="/wiki/Random_House" title="Random House">Random House</a>), © 2005, p. 263: "Nachman of Bratslav, was for a time convinced that he had been chosen as the Messiah."</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-28">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://www.haaretz.com/2007-04-27/ty-article/messiah-in-all-but-name/0000017f-f3f6-d487-abff-f3fe8c610000">https://www.haaretz.com/2007-04-27/ty-article/messiah-in-all-but-name/0000017f-f3f6-d487-abff-f3fe8c610000</a>: "Rabbi Nachman's personal messianic pretensions emerge loud and clear from various remarks attributed to him in his lifetime... Rabbi Nachman regarded himself as having all the necessary qualifications to be the Messiah. What kept him from fulfilling his messianic potential was a lack of recognition."</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-29">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Rabí Najmán de Breslov <i>EL LIBRO DEL ALEF-BET Sefer HaMidot (El Libro de los Atributos) - Rabí Najmán de Breslov. El Libro del Alef-Bet (Sefer HaMidot - Versión Completa): Aforismos del Rebe Najmán sobre la Vida Espiritual</i> Breslov Research Institute, Jerusalem/New York 2017</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-30">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Sears, Dovid (2010). <i>Breslov Pirkey Avot</i>. Jerusalem:<a href="/wiki/Breslov_Research_Institute" title="Breslov Research Institute">Breslov Research Institute</a>. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-928822-16-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-928822-16-5">978-1-928822-16-5</a>. p. 36.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-31">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.shuvubonim.org/storysb.html">"The Story of the Seven Beggars, by Rabbi Nachman of Breslov"</a>. Yeshivat Shuvu Bonim. 2000<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">10 December</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Story+of+the+Seven+Beggars%2C+by+Rabbi+Nachman+of+Breslov&rft.pub=Yeshivat+Shuvu+Bonim&rft.date=2000&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.shuvubonim.org%2Fstorysb.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANachman+of+Breslov" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-32">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">See the Hebrew article: <a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A9%D7%99%D7%97%D7%95%D7%AA_%D7%94%D7%A8%22%D7%9F" class="extiw" title="he:שיחות הר"ן">He: שיחות_הר"ן</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-33">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Siach Sarfei Kodesh</i> I-699, quoted in <i>Through Fire and Water</i>, p. 144.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-34">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Tzaddik</i> #66.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Greenbaum_1987_{{ISBN|0-930213-17-3}}-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Greenbaum_1987_{{ISBN|0-930213-17-3}}_35-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Greenbaum_1987_{{ISBN|0-930213-17-3}}_35-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGreenbaum1987" class="citation book cs1">Greenbaum, Avraham (1987). <i>Tzaddik</i>. New York/Jerusalem: Breslov Research Institute. p. 77. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-930213-17-3" title="Special:BookSources/0-930213-17-3"><bdi>0-930213-17-3</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Tzaddik&rft.place=New+York%2FJerusalem&rft.pages=77&rft.pub=Breslov+Research+Institute&rft.date=1987&rft.isbn=0-930213-17-3&rft.aulast=Greenbaum&rft.aufirst=Avraham&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANachman+of+Breslov" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-36"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-36">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKamenetz2010" class="citation book cs1">Kamenetz, Rodger (2010). <i>Burnt Books</i>. New York: Nextbook/Schocken. p. 79. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780805242577" title="Special:BookSources/9780805242577"><bdi>9780805242577</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Burnt+Books&rft.place=New+York&rft.pages=79&rft.pub=Nextbook%2FSchocken&rft.date=2010&rft.isbn=9780805242577&rft.aulast=Kamenetz&rft.aufirst=Rodger&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANachman+of+Breslov" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-37"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-37">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Likutey Moharan</i> II, 24.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-38"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-38">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Likutey Moharan</i> II, 112.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-39"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-39">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">"Likutey Moharan" II, 78.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-40"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-40">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">"Likutei Moharan" II, 68.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-41"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-41">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Sichot HaRan</i> #6.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-42"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-42">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Kochavey Ohr, Anshey Moharan</i> #4.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-43"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-43">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Likutey Moharan</i> II, 46.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-44"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-44">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Likutey Moharan</i> II, 83.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-45"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-45">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a class="external text" href="https://he.wikisource.org/wiki/%D7%97%D7%99%D7%99_%D7%9E%D7%95%D7%94%D7%A8%22%D7%9F_%D7%A8%D7%A6"><i>Chayey Moharan</i> 290</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-46"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-46">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSpero2002" class="citation web cs1">Spero, Ken (26 January 2002). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.aish.com/jl/h/cc/48960356.html">"Crash Course in Jewish History #62: Return to the Land of Israel"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Aish_HaTorah" title="Aish HaTorah">aish.com</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">10 December</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Crash+Course+in+Jewish+History+%2362%3A+Return+to+the+Land+of+Israel&rft.pub=aish.com&rft.date=2002-01-26&rft.aulast=Spero&rft.aufirst=Ken&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.aish.com%2Fjl%2Fh%2Fcc%2F48960356.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANachman+of+Breslov" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-47"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-47">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Likutey Moharan</i> Part II, 48:2. This saying, adapted as "The whole world is a narrow bridge, but the main thing is not to be at all afraid", has been set to music in <a href="/wiki/Hebrew_language" title="Hebrew language">Hebrew</a> as the song "<a href="/wiki/Kol_Ha%27Olam_Kulo" title="Kol Ha'Olam Kulo">Kol Ha'Olam Kulo</a>" (MIDI: <a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="http://www.greatjewishmusic.com/Midifiles/Kol_HaOlam.htm">[2]</a>) (MP3: <a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="http://www.aish.com/shabbatsongs/shabbatsongsdefault/-Kol_Haolam_Kulo-_-_Jewish_Courage.asp">[3]</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20060825162412/http://www.aish.com/shabbatsongs/shabbatsongsdefault/-Kol_Haolam_Kulo-_-_Jewish_Courage.asp">Archived</a> 2006-08-25 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>)</span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Bibliography">Bibliography</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nachman_of_Breslov&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Bibliography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Green, Arthur (1992). <i>Tormented Master: The Life and Spiritual Quest of Rabbi Nahman of Bratslav</i>. Jewish Lights Publishing. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-879045-11-7" title="Special:BookSources/1-879045-11-7">1-879045-11-7</a></li> <li>Greenbaum, Avraham (1987). <i>Tzaddik: A Portrait of Rabbi Nachman.</i> Jerusalem: <a href="/wiki/Breslov_Research_Institute" title="Breslov Research Institute">Breslov Research Institute</a>. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-930213-17-3" title="Special:BookSources/0-930213-17-3">0-930213-17-3</a></li> <li>Kaplan, Aryeh (1973). <i>Rabbi Nachman's Wisdom</i>. Jerusalem: Breslov Research Institute.</li> <li>Kaplan, Aryeh (2005). <i>The Seven Beggars: & Other Kabbalistic Tales of Reb Nachman of Breslov</i> (Nahman, Nachman). Woodstock, VT: Jewish Lights Publications for the Breslov Research Institute. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-58023-250-7" title="Special:BookSources/1-58023-250-7">1-58023-250-7</a></li> <li>Kaplan, Aryeh (1985). <i>Until the Mashiach: The Life of Rabbi Nachman</i>. Jerusalem: Breslov Research Institute.</li> <li>Kramer, Chaim (1989). <i>Crossing the Narrow Bridge</i>. Jerusalem: Breslov Research Institute. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-930213-40-8" title="Special:BookSources/0-930213-40-8">0-930213-40-8</a></li> <li>Kramer, Chaim (1992). <i>Through Fire and Water: The Life of Reb Noson of Breslov</i>. Jerusalem: Breslov Research Institute. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-930213-44-0" title="Special:BookSources/0-930213-44-0">0-930213-44-0</a>.</li> <li>Levine, Rabbi Menachem Article on Aish: <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://aish.com/uman-what-you-need-to-know-about-the-city-of-souls/">https://aish.com/uman-what-you-need-to-know-about-the-city-of-souls/</a></li> <li>Sears, Dovid (2010). <i>Breslov Pirkey Avot</i>. Jerusalem: Breslov Research Institute. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-928822-16-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-928822-16-5">978-1-928822-16-5</a>.</li> <li>Mykoff, Moshe (2003). <i>7th Heaven</i>. Woodstock: <a href="/wiki/Jewish_Lights_Publishing" title="Jewish Lights Publishing">Jewish Lights Publishing</a>, with the Breslov Research Institute. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-58023-175-6" title="Special:BookSources/1-58023-175-6">1-58023-175-6</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nachman_of_Breslov&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1235681985"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1237033735"><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/34px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="34" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/51px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/68px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="355" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikiquote has quotations related to <i><b><a href="https://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/Special:Search/Nachman_of_Breslov" class="extiw" title="q:Special:Search/Nachman of Breslov">Nachman of Breslov</a></b></i>.</div></div> </div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1235681985"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1237033735"><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/38px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="38" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/57px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/76px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="410" data-file-height="430" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist"><a href="/wiki/Wikisource" title="Wikisource">Wikisource</a> has original works by or about:<br /><b style="text-align: center;"><i><a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Author:Nachman_of_Breslov" class="extiw" title="s:Author:Nachman of Breslov">Nachman of Breslov</a></i></b></div></div> </div> <p><b>About Rabbi Nachman</b> </p> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.academia.edu/95625870/Forever_Young_Thinking_about_Rabbi_Nachman_the_Kid/">The kid Rabbi Nachman</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://nanachnation.org/breslov/who-is-rebbe-nachman/">Who is Rebbe Nachman ?</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130621013714/http://azamra.org/essential.shtml">The Essential Rabbi Nachman</a></li></ul> <p><b>Publishers</b> </p> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://nanachnation.org/">NaNachNation.org</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nanach.org">NaNach.org Information Site</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://breslov.org/">Breslov Research Institute</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://jewishhistorylectures.org/2015/02/13/who-was-rabbi-nahman-of-bratslav-jewish-biography-as-history/">Who Was Rabbi Nahman of Bratslav?</a> by <a href="/wiki/Henry_Abramson" title="Henry Abramson">Dr. Henry Abramson</a></li></ul> <p><b>Works</b> </p> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.shuvubonim.org/ravn.html">Rebbe Nachman of Breslov and his Stories</a></li> <li><a href="https://imslp.org/wiki/Category:Na%E1%B8%A5man" class="extiw" title="scores:Category:Naḥman">Free scores by Nachman of Breslov</a> at the <a href="/wiki/International_Music_Score_Library_Project" title="International Music Score Library Project">International Music Score Library Project</a> (IMSLP)</li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist 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srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">International</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://isni.org/isni/0000000121415430">ISNI</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/82228511">VIAF</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.worldcat.org/fast/39607/">FAST</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.oclc.org/worldcat/entity/E39PBJvhqFxrmmfVVfkWrJcByd">WorldCat</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/119278227">Germany</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n79081703">United States</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb119173624">France</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb119173624">BnF data</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Naḥmān : di Breslav"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://opac.sbn.it/nome/RAVV082221">Italy</a></span></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://nla.gov.au/anbd.aut-an36221842">Australia</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=jn20000604138&CON_LNG=ENG">Czech Republic</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://catalogo.bne.es/uhtbin/authoritybrowse.cgi?action=display&authority_id=XX901611">Spain</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://data.bibliotheken.nl/id/thes/p073386960">Netherlands</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://authority.bibsys.no/authority/rest/authorities/html/98011155">Norway</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://katalog.nsk.hr/F/?func=direct&doc_number=000254346&local_base=nsk10">Croatia</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://lod.nl.go.kr/resource/KAC201880649">Korea</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://libris.kb.se/gdsvqx105nn8gk7">Sweden</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dbn.bn.org.pl/descriptor-details/9810578613205606">Poland</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://olduli.nli.org.il/F/?func=find-b&local_base=NLX10&find_code=UID&request=987007265717805171">Israel</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://urn.fi/URN:NBN:fi:au:finaf:000188607">Finland</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://cantic.bnc.cat/registre/981058596187806706">Catalonia</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://opac.kbr.be/LIBRARY/doc/AUTHORITY/14476179">Belgium</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Academics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ci.nii.ac.jp/author/DA01999219?l=en">CiNii</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Artists</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Nachman of Breslov"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://musicbrainz.org/artist/a040ae1c-34cb-4254-8221-1dc9c3c87acd">MusicBrainz</a></span></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">People</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://trove.nla.gov.au/people/1232005">Trove</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.deutsche-digitale-bibliothek.de/person/gnd/119278227">DDB</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.idref.fr/027044106">IdRef</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1&useformat=desktop" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; 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