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class="vector-toc-text">Inizio</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Aspetti_cinetici_di_una_reazione_esotermica" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Aspetti_cinetici_di_una_reazione_esotermica"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Aspetti cinetici di una reazione esotermica</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Aspetti_cinetici_di_una_reazione_esotermica-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Esempi" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Esempi"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Esempi</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Esempi-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Voci_correlate" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Voci_correlate"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Voci correlate</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Voci_correlate-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Collegamenti_esterni" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Collegamenti_esterni"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Collegamenti esterni</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Collegamenti_esterni-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Indice" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Mostra/Nascondi l'indice" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Mostra/Nascondi l'indice</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Processo esotermico</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Vai a una voce in un'altra lingua. Disponibile in 22 lingue" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-22" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">22 lingue</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B9%D9%85%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%A9_%D8%B7%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%AF%D8%A9_%D9%84%D9%84%D8%AD%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%A9" title="عملية طاردة للحرارة - arabo" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="عملية طاردة للحرارة" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="arabo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Egzotermni_proces" title="Egzotermni proces - bosniaco" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Egzotermni proces" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="bosniaco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%95%CE%BE%CF%8E%CE%B8%CE%B5%CF%81%CE%BC%CE%B7_%CE%B4%CE%B9%CE%B5%CF%81%CE%B3%CE%B1%CF%83%CE%AF%CE%B1" title="Εξώθερμη διεργασία - greco" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Εξώθερμη διεργασία" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="greco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Exothermic_process" title="Exothermic process - inglese" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Exothermic process" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="inglese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proceso_exot%C3%A9rmico" title="Proceso exotérmico - spagnolo" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Proceso exotérmico" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="spagnolo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%81%D8%B1%D8%A7%DB%8C%D9%86%D8%AF_%DA%AF%D8%B1%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%B2%D8%A7" title="فرایند گرمازا - persiano" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="فرایند گرمازا" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="persiano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pr%C3%B3iseas_eisiteirmeach" title="Próiseas eisiteirmeach - irlandese" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Próiseas eisiteirmeach" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="irlandese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%8A%E0%A4%B7%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B7%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%80_%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE" title="ऊष्माक्षेपी प्रक्रिया - hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="ऊष्माक्षेपी प्रक्रिया" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Egzotermni_proces" title="Egzotermni proces - croato" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Egzotermni proces" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="croato" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/Egzot%C3%A8mik" title="Egzotèmik - creolo haitiano" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="Egzotèmik" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="creolo haitiano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kreyòl ayisyen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AD%D0%BA%D0%B7%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8B%D2%9B_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%86%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80" title="Экзотермикалық процестер - kazako" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Экзотермикалық процестер" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="kazako" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Egzoterminis_procesas" title="Egzoterminis procesas - lituano" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Egzoterminis procesas" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="lituano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Exotherm_proces" title="Exotherm proces - olandese" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Exotherm proces" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="olandese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Processo_exot%C3%A9rmico" title="Processo exotérmico - portoghese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Processo exotérmico" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portoghese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proces_exoterm" title="Proces exoterm - rumeno" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Proces exoterm" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="rumeno" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Exothermic_reactions" title="Exothermic reactions - Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Exothermic reactions" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Egzotermni_proces" title="Egzotermni proces - serbo" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Egzotermni proces" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="serbo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%B5%E0%AF%86%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%AA%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%8D_%E0%AE%89%E0%AE%AE%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%B4%E0%AF%8D_%E0%AE%9A%E0%AF%86%E0%AE%AF%E0%AE%B2%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%B1%E0%AF%88" title="வெப்பம் உமிழ் செயல்முறை - tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="வெப்பம் உமிழ் செயல்முறை" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%99_(%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B8%E0%B8%93%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%8C)" title="กระบวนการคายความร้อน (อุณหพลศาสตร์) - thailandese" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="กระบวนการคายความร้อน (อุณหพลศาสตร์)" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="thailandese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qu%C3%A1_tr%C3%ACnh_t%E1%BB%8Fa_nhi%E1%BB%87t" title="Quá trình tỏa nhiệt - vietnamita" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Quá trình tỏa nhiệt" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="vietnamita" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%94%BE%E7%83%AD%E8%BF%87%E7%A8%8B" title="放热过程 - cinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="放热过程" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="cinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%94%BE%E7%86%B1%E9%81%8E%E7%A8%8B" title="放熱過程 - cantonese" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="放熱過程" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="cantonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q60661#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Modifica collegamenti interlinguistici" class="wbc-editpage">Modifica collegamenti</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespace"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Processo_esotermico" title="Vedi la voce [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Voce</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Discussione:Processo_esotermico" rel="discussion" title="Vedi le discussioni relative a questa pagina [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Discussione</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Cambia versione linguistica" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">italiano</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Visite"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Processo_esotermico"><span>Leggi</span></a></li><li id="ca-ve-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Processo_esotermico&veaction=edit" title="Modifica questa pagina [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Modifica</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="collapsible vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Processo_esotermico&action=edit" title="Modifica il wikitesto di questa pagina [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Modifica wikitesto</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Processo_esotermico&action=history" title="Versioni precedenti di questa pagina [h]" accesskey="h"><span>Cronologia</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Strumenti pagine"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Strumenti" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Strumenti</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Strumenti</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">sposta nella barra laterale</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">nascondi</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="Altre opzioni" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Azioni </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Processo_esotermico"><span>Leggi</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-ve-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Processo_esotermico&veaction=edit" title="Modifica questa pagina [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Modifica</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="collapsible vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Processo_esotermico&action=edit" title="Modifica il wikitesto di questa pagina [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Modifica wikitesto</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Processo_esotermico&action=history"><span>Cronologia</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div 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data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r133964453">.mw-parser-output .avviso .mbox-text-div>div,.mw-parser-output .avviso .mbox-text-full-div>div{font-size:90%}.mw-parser-output .avviso .mbox-image{flex-basis:52px;flex-grow:0;flex-shrink:0}.mw-parser-output .avviso .mbox-text-full-div .hide-when-compact{display:block}</style><div style="" class="ambox metadata plainlinks avviso avviso-contenuto"> <div class="avviso-immagine mbox-image noprint"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Question_book-4.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Niente fonti!"><img alt="Niente fonti!" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Question_book-4.svg/45px-Question_book-4.svg.png" decoding="async" width="45" height="35" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Question_book-4.svg/68px-Question_book-4.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Question_book-4.svg/90px-Question_book-4.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="262" data-file-height="204" /></a></span></div> <div class="avviso-testo mbox-text"> <div class="mbox-text-div"><b>Questa voce o sezione  sull'argomento termodinamica <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Uso_delle_fonti" title="Wikipedia:Uso delle fonti">non cita le fonti necessarie</a> o quelle presenti sono insufficienti</b>. <div class="hide-when-compact"> <div class="noprint"><hr />Puoi <a class="external text" href="https://it.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Processo_esotermico&action=edit">migliorare questa voce</a> aggiungendo citazioni da <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Fonti_attendibili" title="Wikipedia:Fonti attendibili">fonti attendibili</a> secondo le <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Uso_delle_fonti" title="Wikipedia:Uso delle fonti">linee guida sull'uso delle fonti</a>. </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Midsummer_bonfire_closeup.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Midsummer_bonfire_closeup.jpg/310px-Midsummer_bonfire_closeup.jpg" decoding="async" width="310" height="233" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Midsummer_bonfire_closeup.jpg/465px-Midsummer_bonfire_closeup.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Midsummer_bonfire_closeup.jpg/620px-Midsummer_bonfire_closeup.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2272" data-file-height="1704" /></a><figcaption>Un esempio di processo esotermico: <a href="/wiki/Combustione" title="Combustione">combustione</a> della legna.</figcaption></figure> <p>In <a href="/wiki/Termodinamica" title="Termodinamica">termodinamica</a> viene definito <b>processo esotermico</b> una <a href="/wiki/Trasformazione_termodinamica" title="Trasformazione termodinamica">trasformazione</a> che comporta un trasferimento di <a href="/wiki/Calore" title="Calore">calore</a> dal <a href="/wiki/Sistema_termodinamico" title="Sistema termodinamico">sistema</a> all'<a href="/wiki/Ambiente_(termodinamica)" title="Ambiente (termodinamica)">ambiente</a>. Nel caso in cui il processo sia anche <a href="/wiki/Processo_isobaro" class="mw-redirect" title="Processo isobaro">isobaro</a>, ciò corrisponde inoltre ad una diminuzione di <a href="/wiki/Entalpia" title="Entalpia">entalpia</a> del sistema. </p><p>Un processo esotermico è un particolare <a href="/wiki/Processo_esoergonico" class="mw-redirect" title="Processo esoergonico">processo esoergonico</a>, cioè durante il suo svolgimento viene liberata <a href="/wiki/Energia" title="Energia">energia</a> (in questo caso sotto forma di calore). Se il calore scambiato è sotto forma di <a href="/wiki/Calore_sensibile" title="Calore sensibile">calore sensibile</a>, al processo esotermico corrisponderà un aumento di temperatura dell'ambiente, mentre se il calore scambiato è sotto forma di <a href="/wiki/Calore_latente" title="Calore latente">calore latente</a> si avrà un <a href="/wiki/Passaggio_di_stato" class="mw-redirect" title="Passaggio di stato">passaggio di stato</a> (ad esempio <a href="/wiki/Liquefazione" class="mw-redirect" title="Liquefazione">liquefazione</a> o <a href="/wiki/Ebollizione" title="Ebollizione">ebollizione</a>). </p><p>Adottando il criterio egoistico, che prende come riferimento il sistema, la variazione di entalpia (ΔH) associata ad un processo esotermico assume valore negativo. Prendendo invece come riferimento l'intero universo (costituito dal sistema e dall'ambiente) il ΔH, rappresentando <a href="/wiki/Energia" title="Energia">energia</a> ceduta, assume valore positivo. </p><p>In una <a href="/wiki/Reazione_chimica" title="Reazione chimica">reazione</a> esotermica all'<a href="/wiki/Equilibrio_chimico" title="Equilibrio chimico">equilibrio chimico</a>, aumentando la <a href="/wiki/Temperatura" title="Temperatura">temperatura</a> si sposta tale equilibrio verso i <a href="/wiki/Reagente" title="Reagente">reagenti</a>, per cui la reazione inversa è favorita rispetto alla reazione diretta per temperature elevate. Il segno della variazione di entalpia (che è un aspetto termodinamico) indica semplicemente la predisposizione della reazione chimica ad evolversi in senso diretto o inverso, mentre per conoscere la <a href="/wiki/Velocit%C3%A0_di_reazione" title="Velocità di reazione">velocità di reazione</a> è necessario considerare gli aspetti <a href="/wiki/Cinetica_chimica" title="Cinetica chimica">cinetici</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Aspetti_cinetici_di_una_reazione_esotermica">Aspetti cinetici di una reazione esotermica</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Processo_esotermico&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Modifica la sezione Aspetti cinetici di una reazione esotermica" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Processo_esotermico&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section's source code: Aspetti cinetici di una reazione esotermica"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Enthalpy_profile_exothermic_reaction-IT.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3b/Enthalpy_profile_exothermic_reaction-IT.svg/310px-Enthalpy_profile_exothermic_reaction-IT.svg.png" decoding="async" width="310" height="204" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3b/Enthalpy_profile_exothermic_reaction-IT.svg/465px-Enthalpy_profile_exothermic_reaction-IT.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3b/Enthalpy_profile_exothermic_reaction-IT.svg/620px-Enthalpy_profile_exothermic_reaction-IT.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="516" data-file-height="340" /></a><figcaption>Rappresentazione di una reazione esotermica in un diagramma entalpia-coordinata di reazione.</figcaption></figure> <p>A fianco viene rappresentato il diagramma entalpia-<a href="/wiki/Coordinata_di_reazione" title="Coordinata di reazione">coordinata di reazione</a> (la coordinata di reazione può essere rappresentata dal tempo o dalla <a href="/wiki/Conversione_(chimica)" title="Conversione (chimica)">conversione</a>) di una tipica reazione esotermica. L'entalpia associata allo stato finale (prodotti) è minore dell'entalpia associata allo stato iniziale (reagenti); tuttavia durante lo svolgimento della reazione è necessario attraversare uno <a href="/wiki/Stato_di_transizione" title="Stato di transizione">stato di transizione</a>, a cui compete un valore di entalpia maggiore dell'entalpia associata ai reagenti. Nella pratica, questo vuol dire che sebbene una reazione esotermica liberi calore, perché essa avvenga è necessario un <a href="/wiki/Innesco" title="Innesco">innesco</a>. </p><p>Ad esempio la combustione del legno è un processo esotermico (in quanto sviluppa calore), ma perché tale processo avvenga è necessario "accendere il fuoco", ad esempio con un <a href="/wiki/Fiammifero" title="Fiammifero">fiammifero</a> (che costituisce l'innesco nel caso specifico). </p><p>Un altro esempio è dato dal <a href="/wiki/Metano" title="Metano">metano</a> utilizzato a scopo domestico: nel caso in cui si abbiano fughe di metano incontrollate all'interno di un'abitazione, tale gas si accumula all'interno dei locali senza bruciare nel caso in cui non si abbia immediatamente l'innesco (dato dalla scintilla di un fiammifero o di un accendino), per cui si possono accumulare grandi quantità di gas all'interno dei locali, e se l'innesco (che può essere dato anche dalla chiusura di un circuito elettrico, cioè "accendendo la luce") avviene quando la quantità di questo gas si trova in opportuni rapporti stechiometrici, si possono avere pericolose esplosioni all'interno dell'abitazione. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Esempi">Esempi</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Processo_esotermico&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Modifica la sezione Esempi" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Processo_esotermico&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section's source code: Esempi"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><span><video id="mwe_player_0" poster="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/15._%D0%9E%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%BE%D0%B4%D1%83%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%9A%D0%B5_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%BE_%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%BE_%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B3%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B8_%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%83%D0%B0%D1%9A%D0%B5_%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BB.webm/220px--15._%D0%9E%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%BE%D0%B4%D1%83%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%9A%D0%B5_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%BE_%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%BE_%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B3%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B8_%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%83%D0%B0%D1%9A%D0%B5_%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BB.webm.jpg" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="220" height="124" data-durationhint="11" data-mwtitle="15._Ослободување_на_големо_количество_енергија_при_согоровуање_етанол.webm" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons" resource="/wiki/File:15._%D0%9E%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%BE%D0%B4%D1%83%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%9A%D0%B5_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%BE_%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%BE_%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B3%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B8_%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%83%D0%B0%D1%9A%D0%B5_%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BB.webm"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/59/15._%D0%9E%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%BE%D0%B4%D1%83%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%9A%D0%B5_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%BE_%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%BE_%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B3%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B8_%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%83%D0%B0%D1%9A%D0%B5_%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BB.webm/15._%D0%9E%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%BE%D0%B4%D1%83%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%9A%D0%B5_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%BE_%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%BE_%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B3%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B8_%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%83%D0%B0%D1%9A%D0%B5_%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BB.webm.480p.vp9.webm" type="video/webm; 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codecs="vp8, vorbis"" data-transcodekey="360p.webm" data-width="640" data-height="360" /></video></span><figcaption>Un processo esotermico</figcaption></figure> <p>Alcuni esempi di processi esotermici sono: </p> <ul><li>la <a href="/wiki/Combustione" title="Combustione">combustione</a>;</li> <li>la <a href="/wiki/Condensazione" title="Condensazione">condensazione</a> del <a href="/wiki/Vapore_acqueo" title="Vapore acqueo">vapore acqueo</a> in <a href="/wiki/Pioggia" title="Pioggia">pioggia</a>;</li> <li>il <a href="/wiki/Congelamento" class="mw-redirect" title="Congelamento">congelamento</a> dell'acqua in <a href="/wiki/Ghiaccio" title="Ghiaccio">ghiaccio</a>;</li> <li>la <a href="/wiki/Miscelazione" title="Miscelazione">miscelazione</a> di <a href="/wiki/Acqua" title="Acqua">acqua</a> con <a href="/wiki/Acido" title="Acido">acidi</a> forti;</li> <li>la <a href="/wiki/Fissione_nucleare" title="Fissione nucleare">fissione nucleare</a>;</li> <li>la <a href="/wiki/Neutralizzazione_(chimica)" title="Neutralizzazione (chimica)">neutralizzazione</a>.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Voci_correlate">Voci correlate</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Processo_esotermico&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Modifica la sezione Voci correlate" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Processo_esotermico&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section's source code: Voci correlate"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Processo_esoergonico" class="mw-redirect" title="Processo esoergonico">Processo esoergonico</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Processo_endotermico" title="Processo endotermico">Processo endotermico</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Processo_termoneutrale" title="Processo termoneutrale">Processo termoneutrale</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Runaway_(chimica)" title="Runaway (chimica)">Runaway (chimica)</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Collegamenti_esterni">Collegamenti esterni</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Processo_esotermico&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Modifica la sezione Collegamenti esterni" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Processo_esotermico&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section's source code: Collegamenti esterni"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><cite class="citation web" style="font-style:normal">(<span style="font-weight:bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="inglese">EN</abbr></span>) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.kentchemistry.com/links/Matter/EndoExo.htm"><span style="font-style:italic;">Endothermic and Exothermic Processes</span></a>, su <span style="font-style:italic;">kentchemistry.com</span>.</cite></li></ul> <div class="noprint" style="width:100%; padding: 3px 0; display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; row-gap: 4px; column-gap: 8px; box-sizing: border-box;"><div style="flex-basis: calc( 100% / 2 - 8px / 2 );"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r140555418">.mw-parser-output .itwiki-template-occhiello{width:100%;line-height:25px;border:1px solid #CCF;background-color:#F0EEFF;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .itwiki-template-occhiello-progetto{background-color:#FAFAFA}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .itwiki-template-occhiello{background-color:#202122;border-color:#54595D}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .itwiki-template-occhiello-progetto{background-color:#282929}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .itwiki-template-occhiello{background-color:#202122;border-color:#54595D}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .itwiki-template-occhiello-progetto{background-color:#282929}}</style><div class="itwiki-template-occhiello"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Gnome-applications-science.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Chimica"><img alt=" " src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/Gnome-applications-science.svg/25px-Gnome-applications-science.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="25" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/Gnome-applications-science.svg/38px-Gnome-applications-science.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/Gnome-applications-science.svg/50px-Gnome-applications-science.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="48" data-file-height="48" /></a></span> <b><a href="/wiki/Portale:Chimica" title="Portale:Chimica">Portale Chimica</a></b></div></div><div style="flex-basis: calc( 100% / 2 - 8px / 2 );"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r140555418"><div class="itwiki-template-occhiello"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Thermodynamics_icon.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Termodinamica"><img alt=" " src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Thermodynamics_icon.svg/25px-Thermodynamics_icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="25" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Thermodynamics_icon.svg/38px-Thermodynamics_icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Thermodynamics_icon.svg/50px-Thermodynamics_icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="128" data-file-height="128" /></a></span> <b><a href="/wiki/Portale:Termodinamica" title="Portale:Termodinamica">Portale Termodinamica</a></b></div></div></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; 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