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#block_9cbd41fd866946e1091f8e5cb86532d6 .acf-block-side-image-text__image { min-height: 40rem; } } </style> <div class="acf-block-side-image-text__text"> <p class="has-eyebrow-font-size">Il nostro lavoro</p> <h1 class="wp-block-heading" id="h-fusion-energy">Energia da fusione</h1> <p class="has-hdg-small-font-size">Il potenziale per un'energia a zero emissioni di carbonio e abbondante <br/></p> <p>La fusione è una fonte di energia avanzata con il potenziale di produrre energia abbondante e a zero emissioni in tutto il mondo. Aprire la strada alla commercializzazione della fusione potrebbe consentirci di integrare nel mix energetico questa fonte sicura e priva di emissioni di carbonio, rivoluzionando potenzialmente il modo in cui alimentiamo l'economia globale.</p> </div> <div class="acf-block-side-image-text__image"> <img fetchpriority="high" decoding="async" width="800" height="900" src="https://cdn.catf.us/wp-content/uploads/2023/10/27102734/FusionEnergy_SideImg_1a.jpg" class="animate fadeIn" alt="Energia da fusione" srcset="https://cdn.catf.us/wp-content/uploads/2023/10/27102734/FusionEnergy_SideImg_1a.jpg 800w, https://cdn.catf.us/wp-content/uploads/2023/10/27102734/FusionEnergy_SideImg_1a-533x600.jpg 533w, https://cdn.catf.us/wp-content/uploads/2023/10/27102734/FusionEnergy_SideImg_1a-768x864.jpg 768w, https://cdn.catf.us/wp-content/uploads/2023/10/27102734/FusionEnergy_SideImg_1a-267x300.jpg 267w" sizes="(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px" /> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="acf-block-page-section alignfull has-brand-white-color has-brand-b-background-color has-content-wide-width" id="block_46bc7b8cb62f1941861dea6f12607c3c" > <div class="acf-block-page-section__inner-container normalize-first-last"> <h2 class="wp-block-heading" id="h-how-does-fusion-energy-work">Come funziona l'energia di fusione?</h2> <p><strong>L'energia di fusione è un fenomeno naturale, il processo stesso che alimenta il Sole e contribuisce a rendere possibile la vita sulla Terra.</strong> In una reazione di fusione, due nuclei leggeri si fondono per formare un unico nucleo più pesante quando si verificano le giuste condizioni di temperatura, densità e durata. Il processo rilascia energia perché la massa totale del singolo nucleo risultante è inferiore alla massa dei due nuclei originali. La massa residua diventa energia secondo la famosa equazione di Einstein (E=mc2).</p> <p class="mt-2 has-hdg-small-font-size">L'energia di fusione ha il potenziale per fornire:</p> <ul class="wp-block-list"> <li>Energia sempre disponibile e stabile, senza scorie radioattive di alto livello o emissioni di gas serra.</li> <li>High energy outputs with a very small land footprint, and no meltdown risk, reducing siting barriers.</li> <li>Accessibilità a livello mondiale, in quanto non si basa su risorse naturali regionali.</li> <li>Potenziale di energia altamente competitivo, che produce più energia per grammo di combustibile di qualsiasi altro processo di generazione.</li> </ul> <p class="mt-2 has-hdg-small-font-size">Ma le sfide rimangono:</p> <ul class="wp-block-list"> <li><strong>Avanzamento della tecnologia:</strong> Attualmente non disponiamo della tecnologia commercializzata per attingere a questa promettente fonte di energia. Per rendere la fusione una realtà, dobbiamo far progredire una serie di tecnologie di fusione e sviluppare e testare impianti di fusione in condizioni reali.</li> <li><strong>Certezza normativa: </strong>Abbiamo bisogno di norme chiare, specifiche e proporzionate che forniscano un quadro di riferimento per gli sviluppatori.</li> <li><strong>Industria e mercato:</strong> Dobbiamo creare un'industria della fusione globale con un mercato globale. L'industria della fusione sta fiorendo, con la creazione di nuove aziende e start-up in tutto il mondo e la rapida evoluzione di collaborazioni e contratti internazionali.</li> </ul> <div class="wp-block-buttons is-layout-flex wp-block-buttons-is-layout-flex"> <div class="wp-block-button"><a class="wp-block-button__link has-brand-a-color has-brand-white-background-color has-text-color has-background wp-element-button" href="#faqs">Visualizza le domande frequenti su Fusion</a></div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="acf-block-page-section alignfull has-content-widest-width" id="block_a88aa75ad5e3828ceb3b92e2fa5bea2d" > <div class="acf-block-page-section__inner-container normalize-first-last"> <h3 class="wp-block-heading" id="h-the-latest-on-fusion-energy">The latest on fusion energy</h3> <div class="acf-block-post-slider" id="block_6b5cbd18aff02e084673e1d6fa10d995"> <div class="js-acf-block-post-slider page-section-slider acf-block-post-slider__slides"> <div class="post-slide"> <div class="post-list-item animate fadeInUp"> <article class="has-no-text-decoration-links"> <a class="post-list-item__a is-shadow-hover-style has-brand-b-color" href="https://www.catf.us/it/2024/11/new-report-finds-ai-high-performance-computing-poised-fast-track-fusion-energy-technologies/" > <figure aria-hidden="true"> <img decoding="async" width="600" height="491" src="https://cdn.catf.us/wp-content/uploads/2023/10/27103257/AbstractTech_LargeBG_1a-600x491.jpg" class="attachment-medium size-medium wp-post-image" alt="Immagine astratta dei dati" srcset="https://cdn.catf.us/wp-content/uploads/2023/10/27103257/AbstractTech_LargeBG_1a-600x491.jpg 600w, https://cdn.catf.us/wp-content/uploads/2023/10/27103257/AbstractTech_LargeBG_1a-1400x1145.jpg 1400w, https://cdn.catf.us/wp-content/uploads/2023/10/27103257/AbstractTech_LargeBG_1a-768x628.jpg 768w, https://cdn.catf.us/wp-content/uploads/2023/10/27103257/AbstractTech_LargeBG_1a-1536x1257.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.catf.us/wp-content/uploads/2023/10/27103257/AbstractTech_LargeBG_1a-2048x1676.jpg 2048w, https://cdn.catf.us/wp-content/uploads/2023/10/27103257/AbstractTech_LargeBG_1a-300x245.jpg 300w" sizes="(max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px" /> </figure> <div class="post-list-item__text"> <span class="post-list-item__category block has-para-x-small-font-size"> <span class="screen-reader-text">Categoria: </span> Notizie e media </span> <h3 class="has-hdg-x-small-font-size">New report finds AI and high performance computing poised to fast-track fusion energy technologies</h3> <span class="post-list-item__date has-para-x-small-font-size block"> <span class="screen-reader-text">Published on: </span> November 14, 2024 </span> </div> </a> </article> </div> </div> <div class="post-slide"> <div class="post-list-item animate fadeInUp"> <article class="has-no-text-decoration-links"> <a class="post-list-item__a is-shadow-hover-style has-brand-b-color has-brand-c-background-color" href="https://www.catf.us/it/2024/04/releasing-potential-fusion-energy/" > <figure aria-hidden="true"> <img decoding="async" width="600" height="425" src="https://cdn.catf.us/wp-content/uploads/2020/06/21092819/GettyImages-1092180978-800x567.jpg" class="attachment-medium size-medium wp-post-image" alt="Fusione" srcset="https://cdn.catf.us/wp-content/uploads/2020/06/21092819/GettyImages-1092180978-800x567.jpg 800w, https://cdn.catf.us/wp-content/uploads/2020/06/21092819/GettyImages-1092180978-1500x1062.jpg 1500w, https://cdn.catf.us/wp-content/uploads/2020/06/21092819/GettyImages-1092180978-768x544.jpg 768w, https://cdn.catf.us/wp-content/uploads/2020/06/21092819/GettyImages-1092180978-1536x1088.jpg 1536w" sizes="(max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px" /> </figure> <div class="post-list-item__text"> <span class="post-list-item__category block has-para-x-small-font-size"> <span class="screen-reader-text">Categoria: </span> Tecnologia </span> <h3 class="has-hdg-x-small-font-size">Releasing the potential of fusion energy </h3> <span class="post-list-item__date has-para-x-small-font-size block"> <span class="screen-reader-text">Published on: </span> April 12, 2024 </span> </div> </a> </article> </div> </div> <div class="post-slide"> <div class="post-list-item animate fadeInUp"> <article class="has-no-text-decoration-links"> <a class="post-list-item__a is-shadow-hover-style has-brand-b-color" href="https://www.catf.us/it/2024/04/adding-to-the-energy-mix-fusion-breakthroughs-lead-to-new-options/" > <figure aria-hidden="true"> <img decoding="async" width="600" height="491" src="https://cdn.catf.us/wp-content/uploads/2023/10/27103257/AbstractTech_LargeBG_1a-600x491.jpg" class="attachment-medium size-medium wp-post-image" alt="Immagine astratta dei dati" srcset="https://cdn.catf.us/wp-content/uploads/2023/10/27103257/AbstractTech_LargeBG_1a-600x491.jpg 600w, https://cdn.catf.us/wp-content/uploads/2023/10/27103257/AbstractTech_LargeBG_1a-1400x1145.jpg 1400w, https://cdn.catf.us/wp-content/uploads/2023/10/27103257/AbstractTech_LargeBG_1a-768x628.jpg 768w, https://cdn.catf.us/wp-content/uploads/2023/10/27103257/AbstractTech_LargeBG_1a-1536x1257.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.catf.us/wp-content/uploads/2023/10/27103257/AbstractTech_LargeBG_1a-2048x1676.jpg 2048w, https://cdn.catf.us/wp-content/uploads/2023/10/27103257/AbstractTech_LargeBG_1a-300x245.jpg 300w" sizes="(max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px" /> </figure> <div class="post-list-item__text"> <span class="post-list-item__category block has-para-x-small-font-size"> <span class="screen-reader-text">Categoria: </span> Tecnologia </span> <h3 class="has-hdg-x-small-font-size">Adding to the energy mix: Fusion breakthroughs lead to new options </h3> <span class="post-list-item__date has-para-x-small-font-size block"> <span class="screen-reader-text">Published on: </span> April 12, 2024 </span> </div> </a> </article> </div> </div> <div class="post-slide"> <div class="post-list-item animate fadeInUp"> <article class="has-no-text-decoration-links"> <a class="post-list-item__a is-shadow-hover-style has-brand-b-color has-brand-d-background-color" href="https://www.catf.us/it/2024/04/fusion-regulation-must-reflect-real-hazards/" > <figure aria-hidden="true"> <img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="600" height="421" src="https://cdn.catf.us/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/12150140/fusion-concept-web-600x421.jpg" class="attachment-medium size-medium wp-post-image" alt="" srcset="https://cdn.catf.us/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/12150140/fusion-concept-web-600x421.jpg 600w, https://cdn.catf.us/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/12150140/fusion-concept-web-1400x983.jpg 1400w, https://cdn.catf.us/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/12150140/fusion-concept-web-768x539.jpg 768w, https://cdn.catf.us/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/12150140/fusion-concept-web-1536x1078.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.catf.us/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/12150140/fusion-concept-web-300x211.jpg 300w, https://cdn.catf.us/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/12150140/fusion-concept-web.jpg 2000w" sizes="(max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px" /> </figure> <div class="post-list-item__text"> <span class="post-list-item__category block has-para-x-small-font-size"> <span class="screen-reader-text">Categoria: </span> Notizie e media </span> <h3 class="has-hdg-x-small-font-size">Fusion regulation must reflect the real hazards </h3> <span class="post-list-item__date has-para-x-small-font-size block"> <span class="screen-reader-text">Published on: </span> April 12, 2024 </span> </div> </a> </article> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="200" height="200" src="https://cdn.catf.us/wp-content/uploads/2021/08/21092133/gray-texture.png" class="acf-block-page-section__background-image" alt="Gray Background Texture" aria-hidden="true" srcset="https://cdn.catf.us/wp-content/uploads/2021/08/21092133/gray-texture.png 200w, https://cdn.catf.us/wp-content/uploads/2021/08/21092133/gray-texture-150x150.png 150w" sizes="(max-width: 200px) 100vw, 200px" /> </div> <div class="acf-block-page-section alignfull has-brand-b-background-color has-content-widest-width" id="block_25f28c7471e94a90f3d61ae685a9c514" > <div class="acf-block-page-section__inner-container normalize-first-last"> <div class="wp-block-group has-brand-white-background-color has-background is-layout-constrained wp-container-core-group-is-layout-1 wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained"> <div style="height:5px" aria-hidden="true" class="wp-block-spacer"></div> <p class="has-text-align-left has-hdg-medium-font-size">La nostra vision</p> <p>CATF immagina un mondo in cui l <strong>'energia di fusione abbia un percorso praticabile verso lo sviluppo commerciale</strong>, con il potenziale di trasformare la nostra matrice energetica globale e ridurre drasticamente le emissioni di gas serra.</p> <p>I nostri esperti di fusione coinvolgono i leader del settore, i governi, le aziende tecnologiche, i laboratori nazionali e i potenziali investitori per sostenere la creazione di un mercato globale per l'industria della fusione con una regolamentazione adeguata. Svolgiamo il ruolo critico di catalizzatore e coordinatore per individuare le lacune esistenti nel processo di industrializzazione e regolamentazione e per impostare e guidare le strategie per colmare tali lacune.</p> <p>Il nostro obiettivo è creare una rete che faciliti la collaborazione internazionale, le prime connessioni commerciali, si impegni nella difesa delle politiche e si interfacci con gli sforzi di comunicazione pubblica per commercializzare i sistemi di energia da fusione.</p> <p><strong>Attraverso la nostra analisi, ci proponiamo di:</strong></p> <ul class="wp-block-list"> <li>Support increases in technology readiness levels (TRLs) and advance commercial demonstrations </li> <li>Highlight the need for reference schemes, regulatory frameworks, and infrastructure </li> <li>Contribute to the development of appropriate fusion energy policy </li> <li>Contribute to the development of a global fusion energy industry </li> <li>Propose solutions to overcome supply chain issues </li> <li>Add new tools and skills into the field for workforce development </li> <li>Explore alternate approaches to fusion </li> </ul> </div> </div> <img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="1400" height="1145" src="https://cdn.catf.us/wp-content/uploads/2023/10/27103257/AbstractTech_LargeBG_1a-1400x1145.jpg" class="acf-block-page-section__background-image" alt="Immagine astratta dei dati" aria-hidden="true" srcset="https://cdn.catf.us/wp-content/uploads/2023/10/27103257/AbstractTech_LargeBG_1a-1400x1145.jpg 1400w, https://cdn.catf.us/wp-content/uploads/2023/10/27103257/AbstractTech_LargeBG_1a-600x491.jpg 600w, https://cdn.catf.us/wp-content/uploads/2023/10/27103257/AbstractTech_LargeBG_1a-768x628.jpg 768w, https://cdn.catf.us/wp-content/uploads/2023/10/27103257/AbstractTech_LargeBG_1a-1536x1257.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.catf.us/wp-content/uploads/2023/10/27103257/AbstractTech_LargeBG_1a-2048x1676.jpg 2048w, https://cdn.catf.us/wp-content/uploads/2023/10/27103257/AbstractTech_LargeBG_1a-300x245.jpg 300w" sizes="(max-width: 1400px) 100vw, 1400px" /> </div> <div class="acf-block-page-section alignfull has-brand-white-color has-brand-b-background-color has-content-wide-width" id="block_0cd408161f2c36f397d060ecc974bf72" > <div class="acf-block-page-section__inner-container normalize-first-last"> <h2 class="wp-block-heading" id="h-the-path-forward">Verso il futuro</h2> <p class="has-hdg-small-font-size">CATF sta aprendo la strada alla dimostrazione globale e alla creazione di un'industria dell'energia da fusione in questo decennio.</p> <p>Stiamo intraprendendo e commissionando studi di mercato sull'energia di fusione, valutazioni sulla preparazione tecnologica e analisi normative, sottolineando le aree di collaborazione internazionale. In qualità di risorsa obiettiva e indipendente per gli stakeholder del settore della fusione, stiamo aumentando la consapevolezza del potenziale dell'energia di fusione - educando i legislatori, l'industria e la comunità delle ONG sul suo potenziale e sottolineando il settore come potenziale percorso di carriera e opportunità commerciale per i fornitori della catena di approvvigionamento.</p> <p></p> <div class="wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-1 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex"> <div class="wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow"> <figure class="wp-block-image aligncenter size-full is-resized"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="300" height="300" src="https://cdn.catf.us/wp-content/uploads/2022/08/12110604/Web_MandateCog_Icon_1.png" alt="" class="wp-image-26290" style="width:150px" srcset="https://cdn.catf.us/wp-content/uploads/2022/08/12110604/Web_MandateCog_Icon_1.png 300w, https://cdn.catf.us/wp-content/uploads/2022/08/12110604/Web_MandateCog_Icon_1-150x150.png 150w" sizes="(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px" /></figure> <p class="has-text-align-center"><strong>Technology development</strong></p> <p>Advance the technology readiness levels (TRL) of existing technologies, create international reference databases, facilitate the introduction of new tools into fusion development and support new fusion concepts. </p> </div> <div class="wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow" style="flex-basis:5%"> <div style="height:100px" aria-hidden="true" class="wp-block-spacer"></div> </div> <div class="wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow"> <figure class="wp-block-image aligncenter size-full is-resized"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="300" height="300" src="https://cdn.catf.us/wp-content/uploads/2023/10/04160148/Web_Expand_Icon_2.png" alt="" class="wp-image-29104" style="width:150px" srcset="https://cdn.catf.us/wp-content/uploads/2023/10/04160148/Web_Expand_Icon_2.png 300w, https://cdn.catf.us/wp-content/uploads/2023/10/04160148/Web_Expand_Icon_2-150x150.png 150w" sizes="(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px" /></figure> <p class="has-text-align-center"><strong>De-risk</strong></p> <p>Provide guidance elements and resources that mitigate uncertainties in the deployment of fusion as a commercial source of energy. </p> </div> </div> <div style="height:35px" aria-hidden="true" class="wp-block-spacer"></div> <div class="wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-2 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex"> <div class="wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow"> <figure class="wp-block-image aligncenter size-full is-resized"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="400" height="400" src="https://cdn.catf.us/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/21091949/Report_Icon_1a.png" alt="Icona Rapporto" class="wp-image-23428" style="width:150px" srcset="https://cdn.catf.us/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/21091949/Report_Icon_1a.png 400w, https://cdn.catf.us/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/21091949/Report_Icon_1a-150x150.png 150w, https://cdn.catf.us/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/21091949/Report_Icon_1a-300x300.png 300w" sizes="(max-width: 400px) 100vw, 400px" /></figure> <p class="has-text-align-center"><strong>Access industrial environments</strong></p> <p>Develop reference tools to analyze, develop, and integrate fusion within the energy mix prospect, including in net-zero emission scenarios and beyond. </p> </div> <div class="wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow" style="flex-basis:5%"> <div style="height:100px" aria-hidden="true" class="wp-block-spacer"></div> </div> <div class="wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow"> <figure class="wp-block-image aligncenter size-full is-resized"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="300" height="300" src="https://cdn.catf.us/wp-content/uploads/2022/08/12110238/Web_Capitol_Icon_1.png" alt="" class="wp-image-26287" style="width:150px" srcset="https://cdn.catf.us/wp-content/uploads/2022/08/12110238/Web_Capitol_Icon_1.png 300w, https://cdn.catf.us/wp-content/uploads/2022/08/12110238/Web_Capitol_Icon_1-150x150.png 150w" sizes="(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px" /></figure> <p class="has-text-align-center"><strong>Advocate</strong></p> <p>Position fusion as a climate technology needed in the net-zero industry while advocating for adequate policies that enable the development of fusion as a safe and commercially viable source of energy. </p> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="acf-block-page-section alignfull has-alt-tp pt-6 pt-3-m has-alt-bp pb-5 pb-3-m" id="block_3124a16affbdf32a54c282968463a406" style="background-image: url('https://cdn.catf.us/wp-content/uploads/2021/08/21092133/gray-texture.png');" > <div class="acf-block-page-section__inner-container normalize-first-last"> <h2 class="wp-block-heading has-text-align-center" id="h-meet-the-experts">Incontro con gli esperti</h2> <p class="has-text-align-center">Meet our staff working on fusion energy.</p> <div class="acf-block-bio-tiles is-content-width-widest" id="block_51f9c3e9e22dc2890cdde24a8faac368"> <ul class="action-tiles"> <li class="action-tile action-tile--bio has-no-text-decoration-links has-brand-b-link-color has-brand-a-link-hover-color animate fadeInUp"> <a class="action-tile__inner-container has-brand-white-background-color is-shadow-hover-style" href="https://www.catf.us/it/experts/sehila-gonzalez/" > <figure> <img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="600" height="600" src="https://cdn.catf.us/wp-content/uploads/2023/06/16110725/sehila-gonzalez.jpg" class="attachment-medium size-medium" alt="Sehila Gonzalez" srcset="https://cdn.catf.us/wp-content/uploads/2023/06/16110725/sehila-gonzalez.jpg 600w, https://cdn.catf.us/wp-content/uploads/2023/06/16110725/sehila-gonzalez-150x150.jpg 150w, https://cdn.catf.us/wp-content/uploads/2023/06/16110725/sehila-gonzalez-300x300.jpg 300w" sizes="(max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px" /> </figure> <h3 class="has-hdg-small-font-size">Sehila Gonzalez de Vicente</h3> Direttore globale, Energia da fusione <div class="action-tile__icon"> <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="31" height="22" viewbox="0 0 31 22"> <g fill="none" fill-rule="evenodd"> <line x1=".5" x2="29.5" y1="11" y2="11" stroke="#000" stroke-linecap="square"/> <polyline stroke="#000" points="13.081 4.042 13.081 18.042 27.081 18.042" transform="rotate(-135 20.081 11.042)"/> </g> </svg> </div> </a> </li> </ul> </div> <div class="wp-block-buttons is-horizontal is-content-justification-center is-layout-flex wp-container-core-buttons-is-layout-2 wp-block-buttons-is-layout-flex"> <div class="wp-block-button is-style-underlined"><a class="wp-block-button__link wp-element-button" href="https://www.catf.us/about/our-experts/">Incontra tutti gli esperti di CATF</a></div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="acf-block-page-section alignfull has-brand-c-background-color has-content-wide-width" id="faqs" > <div class="acf-block-page-section__inner-container normalize-first-last"> <p class="has-text-align-center has-hdg-medium-font-size">Domande frequenti sull'energia di fusione</p> <div class="acf-block-accordion" id="block_1036285451357e5a66d7a44256755d22"> <div class="acf-block-accordion__column"> <div class="acf-block-accordion__section animate fadeInUp"> <h3 class="js-acf-accordion-subhead">Che cos'è l'energia di fusione?</h3> <p>La fusione nucleare avviene quando uno o più nuclei atomici più leggeri si combinano per formare un nucleo più pesante, liberando energia. Questa reazione avviene in natura: è il processo che alimenta stelle come il Sole e, grazie alla generazione di energia netta della fusione, è possibile la vita sulla Terra.</p> </div> <div class="acf-block-accordion__section animate fadeInUp"> <h3 class="js-acf-accordion-subhead">Quali sono i vantaggi dell'energia di fusione?</h3> <p>L'energia di fusione offre vantaggi evidenti come fonte di energia ferma e a zero emissioni:</p> <ol> <li>Zero emissioni di carbonio: A differenza dei combustibili fossili, l'energia di fusione non emette gas serra durante il processo di fusione. Passando all'energia da fusione, possiamo ridurre significativamente la nostra impronta di carbonio, preservare le risorse naturali e promuovere un ambiente più pulito per le generazioni future.</li> <li>Abbondanza di combustibile: Le fonti di combustibile per la fusione, come il deuterio e il trizio, possono essere estratte dall'acqua di mare e sono praticamente inesauribili. Con un'ampia disponibilità di combustibile, l'energia da fusione offre una sicurezza energetica a lungo termine e un sollievo dalle preoccupazioni legate alla scarsità di risorse.</li> <li>Sicurezza e riduzione dei rifiuti: La fusione è auto-limitante, il che la rende intrinsecamente sicura. Inoltre, le macchine per la fusione sono state progettate per non generare rifiuti radioattivi di alto livello, rendendo la fusione un'opzione energetica responsabile e sostenibile.</li> <li>Requisiti minimi di terreno: La fusione offre una maggiore produzione di energia per ogni superficie utilizzata, senza necessità di spazio significativo per il combustibile o i rifiuti.</li> <li>Minore espansione della trasmissione: L'ingombro ridotto di Fusion aumenta la possibilità di localizzare gli impianti vicino ai centri di domanda, riducendo così l'espansione dei sistemi di trasmissione a lunga distanza.</li> </ol> </div> <div class="acf-block-accordion__section animate fadeInUp"> <h3 class="js-acf-accordion-subhead">Quali sono i diversi approcci per attingere all'energia di fusione?</h3> <p>Esistono molti approcci diversi per sfruttare la potenza dell'energia di fusione e CATF incoraggia il progresso di tutti gli approcci promettenti. Ecco alcuni degli approcci più importanti:</p> <ol> <li>Fusione a confinamento magnetico (MCF): L'approccio di ricerca sulla fusione più importante, la MCF prevede l'uso di potenti campi magnetici per confinare e riscaldare il plasma alle temperature estreme necessarie per la fusione. Progetti come ITER e SPARC (una macchina per la fusione compatta sviluppata dal MIT e da Commonwealth Fusion Systems) mirano a ottenere reazioni di fusione sostenute e ad aprire la strada a centrali elettriche a fusione su scala commerciale.</li> <li>Fusione a bersaglio magnetizzato (MTF): Sviluppato negli anni '70 dal programma dei reattori navali statunitensi, l'MTF si basa su un rivestimento metallico cilindrico implodente che comprime una configurazione di plasma preriscaldato e magnetizzato fino a raggiungere le condizioni termonucleari.</li> <li>Fusione a confinamento inerziale (ICF): Nell'ICF, laser ad alta energia o fasci di particelle comprimono e riscaldano piccole pellet di combustibile per indurre la fusione. Questo approccio, esemplificato dalla National Ignition Facility (NIF) negli Stati Uniti, cerca di replicare le condizioni che si trovano nel nucleo delle stelle. Sebbene l'ICF debba affrontare sfide tecniche, si stanno compiendo progressi nel raggiungimento di reazioni di fusione accese e sostenute.</li> <li>Configurazione a inversione di campo: Le configurazioni a inversione di campo, così come i relativi specchi a inversione di campo, offrono toroidi compatti con campo magnetico toroidale minimo o nullo. Questo approccio è caratterizzato da plasmi ad alto beta e dalla loro stabilità macroscopica.</li> <li>Altre categorie di fusione: Esistono anche pinze magnetiche o elettriche, confinamento elettrostatico inerziale, fusione catalizzata da muoni e altre forme di fusione a bassa potenza, spesso in fasi di sviluppo precedenti rispetto alle categorie più note.</li> </ol> </div> <div class="acf-block-accordion__section animate fadeInUp"> <h3 class="js-acf-accordion-subhead">Qual è la differenza tra fusione e fissione nucleare?</h3> <p>La fusione e la fissione sono modi diversi di convertire l'energia in qualcosa di utile, come il calore o l'elettricità. Entrambi hanno la capacità di generare energia a zero emissioni di carbonio.</p> <p>Energy is defined as the ability to do work. The categories of potential energy include kinetic, electrical, magnetic, nuclear, and gravitational. For each category, scientists have formulas to describe them. Fusion and fission both convert energy from atoms, but in opposite ways.</p> <p>Fusion brings small nuclei so close that together that they fuse. Nuclei must be near enough that they can feel each other’s nuclear force. For fusion to occur, reacting nuclei must be very close to each other, within 10<sup>-10</sup>– 10<sup>-15</sup> (a thousand trillionth) meter of one another. This is the same process that powers stars. The stars exploit their own gravity to create plasma conditions in their central regions where net fusion energy is generated. On Earth, fusion energy machines rely on other categories of energy to create similar conditions.</p> <p>La fissione rompe gli atomi, dividendo i nuclei grandi in nuclei più piccoli. Un neutrone colpisce un atomo più grande, costringendolo a dividersi in due atomi più piccoli, noti anche come prodotti di fissione. Vengono inoltre rilasciati altri neutroni che possono innescare una reazione a catena. L'energia viene rilasciata quando ogni atomo si divide.</p> </div> <div class="acf-block-accordion__section animate fadeInUp"> <h3 class="js-acf-accordion-subhead">La fusione nucleare produce scorie? </h3> <p><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW184148721 BCX8">Fusion does produce waste. However, e</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW184148721 BCX8">fforts are underway to minimize, circularize</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW184148721 BCX8">,</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW184148721 BCX8"> or </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW184148721 BCX8">eliminate</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW184148721 BCX8"> waste from the fusion energy cycle as much as possible. </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW184148721 BCX8">Most of the concepts being developed</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW184148721 BCX8"> include materials affected by tritium. </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW184148721 BCX8">Tritium is a low beta energy emitter and </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW184148721 BCX8">low risk</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW184148721 BCX8"> when outside the human body. As an isotope of hydrogen, it is highly mobile and can displace hydrogen in a range of organic compounds that can be inhaled or ingested (see Boyer, 2009). Tritium occurs naturally in the environment in </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW184148721 BCX8">very low</span> <span class="NormalTextRun ContextualSpellingAndGrammarErrorV2Themed SCXW184148721 BCX8">concentrations</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW184148721 BCX8"> and it was widely dispersed into the atmosphere during weapons testing in the 1950’s and 1960’s. Accordingly, tritium release limits to the environment are stringent. As it is short-lived, tritiated waste will be 99% decayed within 82 years. </span></p> <p><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW265093625 BCX8">Also, </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW265093625 BCX8">reduced activation materials </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW265093625 BCX8">will result </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW265093625 BCX8">in </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW265093625 BCX8">low</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW265093625 BCX8">-level radioactive waste</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW265093625 BCX8"> after 100 years</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW265093625 BCX8"> of operation shutdown</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW265093625 BCX8">. </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW265093625 BCX8">F</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW265093625 BCX8">usion</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW265093625 BCX8">–</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW265093625 BCX8">tailored Reduced Activation Ferritic Martensitic steels like EUROFER97 and F82H have be</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW265093625 BCX8">en</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW265093625 BCX8"> produced </span><span class="NormalTextRun CommentStart CommentHighlightPipeRestV2 CommentHighlightRest SCXW265093625 BCX8">with this objective</span><span class="NormalTextRun CommentHighlightPipeRestV2 SCXW265093625 BCX8">. </span></p> </div> <div class="acf-block-accordion__section animate fadeInUp"> <h3 class="js-acf-accordion-subhead">La fusione nucleare è sicura?</h3> <p>Yes, fusion energy can be safely commercialized. Fusion is self-limiting, meaning the machine generating it turns off as soon as it is not in control – making it inherently safe. This characteristic results from the dependable physics of magnetically confined plasma. Additionally, fusion energy machines create their fuel as they operate, so unlike fossil and fission plants, no large stockpile of fuel exists on site. 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