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dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Canadian politician</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size: 100%;"><div class="honorific-prefix" style="font-weight: normal;"><a href="/wiki/The_Right_Honourable" title="The Right Honourable">The Right Honourable</a></div><div class="fn" style="font-size:125%;">Sir Richard John Cartwright</div><div class="honorific-suffix" style="font-weight: normal;"><span class="nobold noexcerpt nowraplinks" style="font-size:;"><span style="font-size: 100%;"><a href="/wiki/Knight_Grand_Cross_of_the_Order_of_St_Michael_and_St_George" class="mw-redirect" title="Knight Grand Cross of the Order of St Michael and St George">GCMG</a></span> <span style="font-size: 100%;"><a href="/wiki/King%27s_Privy_Council_for_Canada" title="King's Privy Council for Canada">PC</a></span></span></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Richard_John_Cartwright.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/8/8e/Richard_John_Cartwright.jpg" decoding="async" width="142" height="230" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="142" data-file-height="230" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption" style="line-height:normal;padding-top:0.2em;">(Image from the <a href="/wiki/Library_of_Parliament" title="Library of Parliament">Library of Parliament</a>)</div></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender">Personal details</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Born</th><td class="infobox-data"><span style="display:none">(<span class="bday">1835-12-04</span>)</span>December 4, 1835<br /><a href="/wiki/Kingston,_Ontario" title="Kingston, Ontario">Kingston</a>, <a href="/wiki/Upper_Canada" title="Upper Canada">Upper Canada</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Died</th><td class="infobox-data">September 12, 1912<span style="display:none">(1912-09-12)</span> (aged 76)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Occupation</th><td class="infobox-data">politician</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Known for</th><td class="infobox-data">'the Rupert of debate' <sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Please_clarify" title="Wikipedia:Please clarify"><span title="The reason for this is unclear. (May 2023)">why?</span></a></i>]</sup> 'Blue Ruin Knight'</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-below" style="border-top: 1px solid right;"><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Sir Richard John Cartwright</b> <span class="nobold noexcerpt nowraplinks" style="font-size:;"><span style="font-size: 85%;"><a href="/wiki/Knight_Grand_Cross_of_the_Order_of_St_Michael_and_St_George" class="mw-redirect" title="Knight Grand Cross of the Order of St Michael and St George">GCMG</a></span> <span style="font-size: 85%;"><a href="/wiki/Privy_Council_(United_Kingdom)" title="Privy Council (United Kingdom)">PC</a></span></span> (December 4, 1835 – September 24, 1912) was a <a href="/wiki/Canadians" title="Canadians">Canadian</a> businessman and politician. </p><p>Cartwright was one of Canada's most distinguished federal politicians during the late 19th and early 20th centuries. He was a cabinet minister in five Liberal governments. He served in the Canadian Parliament for 43 years and 5 months, being an MP from 1867 to 1904 then a Senator until his death in 1912. Prior to Confederation, he had served 4 years, 1 month and 15 days in the Legislative Assembly of the old Province of Canada. Thus, he was a legislator for more than 47 and a half years. He was a vigorous and trenchant orator, and was known as 'the Rupert of debate'. In particular, his debates with his Conservative counterpart, Sir <a href="/wiki/George_Eulas_Foster" title="George Eulas Foster">George Eulas Foster</a>, are the stuff of Canadian Parliamentary legend. </p><p>He was a progressive. A free trader, he stood against the Conservatives' high-tariff policy. Often propounding on the inalienable right of Canadian freeman to vote for and in support of their patriotic convictions independent of any party,<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> he favoured proportional representation via <a href="/wiki/Single_Transferable_Voting" class="mw-redirect" title="Single Transferable Voting">Single Transferable Voting</a>. He supported the fight of western farmers for accessible terminal grain elevators in 1910.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Early_life">Early life</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Richard_John_Cartwright&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Early life"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>He was born and raised in <a href="/wiki/Kingston,_Ontario" title="Kingston, Ontario">Kingston</a>, <a href="/wiki/Upper_Canada" title="Upper Canada">Upper Canada</a> in a <a href="/wiki/United_Empire_Loyalist" title="United Empire Loyalist">United Empire Loyalist</a> family, the son of <a href="/wiki/Harriet_Dobbs" title="Harriet Dobbs">Harriet Dobbs</a> Cartwright and the grandson of <a href="/wiki/Richard_Cartwright_(Upper_Canada_politician)" class="mw-redirect" title="Richard Cartwright (Upper Canada politician)">Richard Cartwright</a>, a Loyalist who was expelled from the U.S. at the time of the War of Independence.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> His father, Robert Cartwright, was an Anglican minister. His uncle, <a href="/wiki/John_Solomon_Cartwright" title="John Solomon Cartwright">John Solomon Cartwright</a>, was his father’s twin brother and a notable businessman, lawyer, banker, and politician, being a member of the last <a href="/wiki/Legislative_Assembly_of_Upper_Canada" title="Legislative Assembly of Upper Canada">Legislative Assembly of Upper Canada</a> and then a member of the first <a href="/wiki/Legislative_Assembly_of_the_Province_of_Canada" title="Legislative Assembly of the Province of Canada">Legislative Assembly of the Province of Canada</a>. </p><p>Richard Cartwright was a major landowner in the area, and became prominent in Kingston's financial community as president of the Commercial Bank of Canada. He suffered a major blow when his bank failed in 1867.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Early_political_career">Early political career</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Richard_John_Cartwright&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Early political career"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Cartwright entered politics when he was elected as a <a href="/wiki/Conservative_Party_of_Canada_(historic)" class="mw-redirect" title="Conservative Party of Canada (historic)">Conservative Party</a> member and supporter of <a href="/wiki/John_A._Macdonald" title="John A. Macdonald">John A. Macdonald</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Legislative_Assembly_of_the_Province_of_Canada" title="Legislative Assembly of the Province of Canada">Province of Canada's legislative assembly</a> in 1863. In 1867, the Province of Canada became part of the new <a href="/wiki/Canadian_Confederation" title="Canadian Confederation">Canadian Confederation</a>. </p><p>In 1867, Cartwright was <a href="/wiki/1867_Canadian_federal_election" title="1867 Canadian federal election">elected</a> to the newly formed <a href="/wiki/House_of_Commons_of_Canada" title="House of Commons of Canada">House of Commons of Canada</a>, again as a Tory. He was MP for the riding of Lennox, Ontario. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Crosses_floor_to_join_Liberals">Crosses floor to join Liberals</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Richard_John_Cartwright&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Crosses floor to join Liberals"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In the year 1869, he broke with the Conservatives over Macdonald's appointment of Sir <a href="/wiki/Francis_Hincks" title="Francis Hincks">Francis Hincks</a> as <a href="/wiki/Minister_of_Finance_(Canada)" title="Minister of Finance (Canada)">Minister of Finance</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Crossing_the_floor" title="Crossing the floor">crossed the floor</a> to join the <a href="/wiki/Liberal_Party_of_Canada" title="Liberal Party of Canada">Liberal Party of Canada</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Cabinet_Minister_for_Mackenzie">Cabinet Minister for Mackenzie</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Richard_John_Cartwright&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Cabinet Minister for Mackenzie"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>With the Liberal party's victory in the <a href="/wiki/1874_Canadian_federal_election" title="1874 Canadian federal election">1874 election</a>, Cartwright was appointed Minister of Finance by <a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Canada" title="Prime Minister of Canada">Prime Minister</a> <a href="/wiki/Alexander_Mackenzie_(politician)" title="Alexander Mackenzie (politician)">Alexander Mackenzie</a>. He supported <a href="/wiki/Free_trade" title="Free trade">free trade</a>, but sought limited <a href="/wiki/Tariffs" class="mw-redirect" title="Tariffs">tariffs</a> as a means of generating government revenue. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Knighted">Knighted</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Richard_John_Cartwright&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Knighted"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Cartwright was not elected in the 1878 general election but was successful in a Nov. 2, 1878 by-election in Huron Centre. </p><p>He sat in the <a href="/wiki/Parliamentary_opposition" title="Parliamentary opposition">opposition bench</a>. (The Liberals were defeated in the <a href="/wiki/1878_Canadian_federal_election" title="1878 Canadian federal election">1878 election</a>.) </p><p>In recognition of his service, he was awarded a <a href="/wiki/Knighthood" class="mw-redirect" title="Knighthood">knighthood</a> in 1879. </p><p>From the <a href="/wiki/1887_Canadian_federal_election" title="1887 Canadian federal election">1887 election</a>, he represented the riding of <a href="/wiki/Oxford_South_(federal_electoral_district)" title="Oxford South (federal electoral district)">Oxford South</a>. </p><p>In 1887, he called for the House of Commons to consider proportional representation.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In the 1890s, the Liberals moved away from support for unrestricted <a href="/wiki/Reciprocity_(Canadian_politics)" title="Reciprocity (Canadian politics)">reciprocity</a> with the <a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States</a>, and Cartwright's influence in the party diminished. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Cabinet_Minister_for_Laurier">Cabinet Minister for Laurier</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Richard_John_Cartwright&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Cabinet Minister for Laurier"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:DENT(1881)_2.577_SIR_RICHARD_J._CARTWRIGHT.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/DENT%281881%29_2.577_SIR_RICHARD_J._CARTWRIGHT.jpg/220px-DENT%281881%29_2.577_SIR_RICHARD_J._CARTWRIGHT.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="271" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/DENT%281881%29_2.577_SIR_RICHARD_J._CARTWRIGHT.jpg/330px-DENT%281881%29_2.577_SIR_RICHARD_J._CARTWRIGHT.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/DENT%281881%29_2.577_SIR_RICHARD_J._CARTWRIGHT.jpg/440px-DENT%281881%29_2.577_SIR_RICHARD_J._CARTWRIGHT.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1405" data-file-height="1730" /></a><figcaption>Sir Richard J. Cartwright</figcaption></figure> <p>With the victory of <a href="/wiki/Wilfrid_Laurier" title="Wilfrid Laurier">Wilfrid Laurier</a>'s Liberals in the <a href="/wiki/1896_Canadian_federal_election" title="1896 Canadian federal election">1896 election</a>, Cartwright returned to <a href="/wiki/Canadian_cabinet" class="mw-redirect" title="Canadian cabinet">Cabinet</a>. Laurier denied Cartwright the finance ministry as a way of assuring Canada's business community that the government was not going to adopt free trade. Instead, he appointed Cartwright Minister of Trade and Commerce. Cartwright also served as a Canadian member of the Anglo-American Joint High Commission to resolve diplomatic problems between Canada and the United States in 1898. Cartwright was appointed to the <a href="/wiki/Imperial_Privy_Council" class="mw-redirect" title="Imperial Privy Council">Imperial Privy Council</a> in 1902. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Senator">Senator</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Richard_John_Cartwright&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Senator"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 1904, he was elevated to the <a href="/wiki/Senate_of_Canada" title="Senate of Canada">Senate of Canada</a>, but remained Trade and Commerce minister until the fall of the Laurier government in the <a href="/wiki/1911_Canadian_federal_election" title="1911 Canadian federal election">1911 election</a>. In this position he introduced, in 1908, a limited system of old age annuities. Additionally, he served as <a href="/wiki/Leader_of_the_Government_in_the_Senate_(Canada)" class="mw-redirect" title="Leader of the Government in the Senate (Canada)">Leader of the Government in the Senate</a> from 1909 until 1911, and as <a href="/wiki/Leader_of_the_Opposition_in_the_Senate_(Canada)" title="Leader of the Opposition in the Senate (Canada)">Leader of the Opposition in the Senate</a> from 1911 until his death in 1912. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Legacy">Legacy</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Richard_John_Cartwright&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Legacy"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In the <a href="/wiki/Kingston,_Ontario" title="Kingston, Ontario">Kingston, Ontario</a>, area, Cartwright Street and Cartwright Point are named for him and his family, in recognition of their longstanding contributions to the region. He is honoured with commemorative plaques in Kingston on King Street (at his former residence) and in Memorial Hall, City Hall. </p><p>His memories were preserved in his book Reminiscences, published in 1912. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Family">Family</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Richard_John_Cartwright&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Family"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Sir Richard Cartwright's eldest son, Lieutenant Colonel Robert Cartwright, studied at the <a href="/wiki/Royal_Military_College_of_Canada" title="Royal Military College of Canada">Royal Military College of Canada</a> in <a href="/wiki/Kingston,_Ontario" title="Kingston, Ontario">Kingston, Ontario</a> from 1878 to 1881, where he won several academic prizes. He was a railway engineer in Manitoba. He served in the suppression of the <a href="/w/index.php?title=1885_Riel_rebellion&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1885 Riel rebellion (page does not exist)">1885 Riel rebellion</a> and in the <a href="/wiki/Boer_war" class="mw-redirect" title="Boer war">Boer war</a> in <a href="/wiki/South_Africa" title="South Africa">South Africa</a>, where he was mentioned in dispatches four times. He served as assistant adjutant-general at militia headquarters and as a musketry officer during <a href="/wiki/World_War_I" title="World War I">World War I</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Archives">Archives</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Richard_John_Cartwright&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Archives"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>There is a Cartwright Family Fonds with the Ontario provincial archives, consisting of documents from 1799 to 1913. The documents were generated by Richard Cartwright, his sons John Solomon Cartwright and the Reverend Robert David Cartwright, Robert's wife Harriet (Dobbs) Cartwright and their son, Sir Richard Cartwright.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Electoral_record">Electoral record</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Richard_John_Cartwright&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Electoral record"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr style="background-color:#E9E9E9"> <th colspan="7">By-election: On Mr. Cartwright being named Minister of <br />Trade and Commerce, 30 July 1896: South Riding of Oxford </th></tr> <tr style="background-color:#E9E9E9"> <th colspan="2" style="width: 160px">Party </th> <th style="width: 220px">Candidate </th> <th style="width: 70px">Votes </th></tr> <tr> <td style="color:inherit;background:#EA6D6A; width: 16px">  </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Liberal_Party_of_Canada" title="Liberal Party of Canada">Liberal</a> </td> <td>Sir R. J. Cartwright </td> <td align="right">acclaimed </td></tr></tbody></table> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr style="background-color:#E9E9E9"> <th colspan="7"><a href="/wiki/1900_Canadian_federal_election" title="1900 Canadian federal election">1900 Canadian federal election</a>: South Riding of Oxford </th></tr> <tr style="background-color:#E9E9E9"> <th colspan="2" style="width: 160px">Party </th> <th style="width: 220px">Candidate </th> <th style="width: 70px">Votes </th></tr> <tr> <td style="color:inherit;background:#EA6D6A; width: 16px">  </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Liberal_Party_of_Canada" title="Liberal Party of Canada">Liberal</a> </td> <td>Sir <a class="mw-selflink selflink">R. J. Cartwright</a> </td> <td align="right">2,042 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="color:inherit;background:#9999FF; width: 16px">  </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Conservative_Party_of_Canada_(historical)" class="mw-redirect" title="Conservative Party of Canada (historical)">Conservative</a> </td> <td>Stephen King </td> <td align="right">1,226 </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Richard_John_Cartwright&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Notes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Edmonton Bulletin, Oct. 26, 1900</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Grain Growers Guide Jan. 25, 1911</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Canadian Encyclopedia (2000), p. 415</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFCecilia_Morgan_and_Robert_Craig_Brown" class="citation web cs1">Cecilia Morgan and Robert Craig Brown. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.biographi.ca/en/bio/cartwright_richard_john_14E.html">"CARTWRIGHT, Sir RICHARD JOHN"</a>. University of Toronto/Université Laval<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 October</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=CARTWRIGHT%2C+Sir+RICHARD+JOHN&rft.pub=University+of+Toronto%2FUniversit%C3%A9+Laval&rft.au=Cecilia+Morgan+and+Robert+Craig+Brown&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.biographi.ca%2Fen%2Fbio%2Fcartwright_richard_john_14E.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARichard+John+Cartwright" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Cartwright, Reminiscences, p. 384</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Richard Preston RMC: A History of the Royal Military College</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aims.archives.gov.on.ca/scripts/mwimain.dll/144/DESCRIPTION_WEB/WEB_DESC_DET?SESSIONSEARCH&exp=sisn%20150">"Ontario Archives: Cartwright Family Fonds"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">10 August</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Ontario+Archives%3A+Cartwright+Family+Fonds.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Faims.archives.gov.on.ca%2Fscripts%2Fmwimain.dll%2F144%2FDESCRIPTION_WEB%2FWEB_DESC_DET%3FSESSIONSEARCH%26exp%3Dsisn%2520150&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARichard+John+Cartwright" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Richard_John_Cartwright&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCecilia_MorganRobert_Craig_Brown1979–2016" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1">Cecilia Morgan; Robert Craig Brown (1979–2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.biographi.ca/009004-119.01-e.php?&id_nbr=7276">"Richard John Cartwright"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Dictionary_of_Canadian_Biography" title="Dictionary of Canadian Biography">Dictionary of Canadian Biography</a></i> (online ed.). <a href="/wiki/University_of_Toronto_Press" title="University of Toronto Press">University of Toronto Press</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Richard+John+Cartwright&rft.btitle=Dictionary+of+Canadian+Biography&rft.edition=online&rft.pub=University+of+Toronto+Press&rft.date=1979%2F2016&rft.au=Cecilia+Morgan&rft.au=Robert+Craig+Brown&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.biographi.ca%2F009004-119.01-e.php%3F%26id_nbr%3D7276&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARichard+John+Cartwright" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li class="mw-empty-elt"></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://lop.parl.ca/sites/ParlInfo/default/en_CA/People/Profile?personId=16123">Richard John Cartwright – Parliament of Canada biography</a></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFChisholm1911" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1"><a href="/wiki/Hugh_Chisholm" title="Hugh Chisholm">Chisholm, Hugh</a>, ed. (1911). <span class="cs1-ws-icon" title="s:1911 Encyclopædia Britannica/Cartwright, Sir Richard John"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/1911_Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica/Cartwright,_Sir_Richard_John">"Cartwright, Sir Richard John" </a></span>. <i><a href="/wiki/Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica_Eleventh_Edition" title="Encyclopædia Britannica Eleventh Edition">Encyclopædia Britannica</a></i>. Vol. 5 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Cartwright%2C+Sir+Richard+John&rft.btitle=Encyclop%C3%A6dia+Britannica&rft.edition=11th&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft.date=1911&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARichard+John+Cartwright" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSwainson" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1">Swainson, Donald. "Cartwright, Sir Richard (1835–1912)". <i><a href="/wiki/Dictionary_of_National_Biography#Oxford_Dictionary_of_National_Biography" title="Dictionary of National Biography">Oxford Dictionary of National Biography</a></i> (online ed.). Oxford University Press. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1093%2Fref%3Aodnb%2F54614">10.1093/ref:odnb/54614</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Cartwright%2C+Sir+Richard+%281835%E2%80%931912%29&rft.btitle=Oxford+Dictionary+of+National+Biography&rft.edition=online&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1093%2Fref%3Aodnb%2F54614&rft.aulast=Swainson&rft.aufirst=Donald&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARichard+John+Cartwright" class="Z3988"></span> <span style="font-size:0.95em; font-size:95%; color: var( --color-subtle, #555 )">(Subscription or <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.oxforddnb.com/help/subscribe#public">UK public library membership</a> required.)</span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Richard_John_Cartwright&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://ao.minisisinc.com/scripts/mwimain.dll/144/ARCH_DESCRIPTIVE/DESCRIPTION_DET_REP/SISN%20150?SESSIONSEARCH">Cartwright family fonds</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190408192707/http://ao.minisisinc.com/scripts/mwimain.dll/144/ARCH_DESCRIPTIVE/DESCRIPTION_DET_REP/SISN%2520150%3FSESSIONSEARCH">Archived</a> 8 April 2019 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, Archives of Ontario</li></ul> <table class="wikitable succession-box noprint" style="margin:0.5em auto; font-size:small;clear:both;"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="3" style="border-top: 5px solid #cccccc"><a href="/wiki/Parliament_of_Canada" title="Parliament of Canada">Parliament of Canada</a> </th></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold">None</div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> <a href="/wiki/Member_of_Parliament_(Canada)" title="Member of Parliament (Canada)">Member of Parliament</a> for <a href="/wiki/Lennox_(federal_electoral_district)" title="Lennox (federal electoral district)">Lennox</a> </b><br />1867–1878 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Edmund_John_Glyn_Hooper" title="Edmund John Glyn Hooper">Edmund John Glyn Hooper</a></div> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Horace_Horton" title="Horace Horton">Horace Horton</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> <a href="/wiki/Member_of_Parliament_(Canada)" title="Member of Parliament (Canada)">Member of Parliament</a> for <a href="/wiki/Huron_Centre" title="Huron Centre">Huron Centre</a> </b><br />1878–1882 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"> Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold">The electoral district was abolished in 1882.</div> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/John_McMillan_(Ontario_politician)" title="John McMillan (Ontario politician)">John McMillan</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> <a href="/wiki/Member_of_Parliament_(Canada)" title="Member of Parliament (Canada)">Member of Parliament</a> for <a href="/wiki/Huron_South" title="Huron South">Huron South</a> </b><br />1883–1887 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/John_McMillan_(Ontario_politician)" title="John McMillan (Ontario politician)">John McMillan</a></div> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Archibald_Harley" title="Archibald Harley">Archibald Harley</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> <a href="/wiki/Member_of_Parliament_(Canada)" title="Member of Parliament (Canada)">Member of Parliament</a> for <a href="/wiki/Oxford_South_(federal_electoral_district)" title="Oxford South (federal electoral district)">Oxford South</a> </b><br />1887–1904 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Malcolm_Smith_Schell" title="Malcolm Smith Schell">Malcolm Smith Schell</a></div> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="3" style="border-top: 5px solid #ccccff;">Political offices </th></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Samuel_Tilley" class="mw-redirect" title="Samuel Tilley">Samuel Tilley</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> <a href="/wiki/Minister_of_Finance_(Canada)" title="Minister of Finance (Canada)">Minister of Finance</a> </b><br />November 7, 1873 – October 16, 1878 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Samuel_Tilley" class="mw-redirect" title="Samuel Tilley">Samuel Tilley</a></div> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/William_Bullock_Ives" title="William Bullock Ives">William Bullock Ives</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Minister_of_Trade_and_Commerce&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Minister of Trade and Commerce (page does not exist)">Minister of Trade and Commerce</a> </b><br />1896–1911 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/George_Eulas_Foster" title="George Eulas Foster">George Eulas Foster</a></div> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="3" style="border-top: 5px solid #bebebe;">Government offices </th></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Sir_Richard_William_Scott" class="mw-redirect" title="Sir Richard William Scott">Sir Richard William Scott</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> <a href="/wiki/Leader_of_the_Government_in_the_Senate_(Canada)" class="mw-redirect" title="Leader of the Government in the Senate (Canada)">Leader of the Government in the Senate of Canada</a> </b><br />1909–1911 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Sir_James_Alexander_Lougheed" class="mw-redirect" title="Sir James Alexander Lougheed">Sir James Alexander Lougheed</a></div> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/James_Alexander_Lougheed" title="James Alexander Lougheed">James Alexander Lougheed</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> <a href="/wiki/Leader_of_the_Opposition_in_the_Senate_(Canada)" title="Leader of the Opposition in the Senate (Canada)">Leader of the Opposition in the Senate of Canada</a> </b><br />1911–1912 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/George_William_Ross" title="George William Ross">George William Ross</a></div> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist 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style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alexander_Tilloch_Galt" title="Alexander Tilloch Galt">Galt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sir_John_Rose,_1st_Baronet" title="Sir John Rose, 1st Baronet">Rose</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Francis_Hincks" title="Francis Hincks">Hincks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samuel_Leonard_Tilley" title="Samuel Leonard Tilley">Tilley</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Cartwright</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samuel_Leonard_Tilley" title="Samuel Leonard Tilley">Tilley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Archibald_McLelan" title="Archibald McLelan">McLelan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Tupper" title="Charles Tupper">Tupper</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Eulas_Foster" title="George Eulas Foster">Foster</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mackenzie_Bowell" title="Mackenzie Bowell">Bowell</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(Acting)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Eulas_Foster" title="George Eulas Foster">Foster</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Stevens_Fielding" title="William Stevens Fielding">Fielding</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Thomas_White" title="William Thomas White">White</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Lumley_Drayton" title="Henry Lumley Drayton">Drayton</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(Acting)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Stevens_Fielding" title="William Stevens Fielding">Fielding</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Robb_(politician)" title="James Robb (politician)">Robb</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/R._B._Bennett" title="R. B. Bennett">Bennett</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Robb_(politician)" title="James Robb (politician)">Robb</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Avery_Dunning" title="Charles Avery Dunning">Dunning</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/R._B._Bennett" title="R. B. Bennett">Bennett</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edgar_Nelson_Rhodes" title="Edgar Nelson Rhodes">Rhodes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Avery_Dunning" title="Charles Avery Dunning">Dunning</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Ralston" title="James Ralston">Ralston</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Lorimer_Ilsley" title="James Lorimer Ilsley">Ilsley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Douglas_Abbott" title="Douglas Abbott">Abbott</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Walter_Edward_Harris" title="Walter Edward Harris">Harris</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Donald_Fleming" title="Donald Fleming">Fleming</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Nowlan" title="George Nowlan">Nowlan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Walter_L._Gordon" title="Walter L. Gordon">Gordon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mitchell_Sharp" title="Mitchell Sharp">Sharp</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edgar_Benson" title="Edgar Benson">Benson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Turner" title="John Turner">Turner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Drury" title="Charles Drury">Drury</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(Acting)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Donald_Stovel_Macdonald" title="Donald Stovel Macdonald">Macdonald</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jean_Chr%C3%A9tien" title="Jean Chrétien">Chrétien</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Crosbie" title="John Crosbie">Crosbie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Allan_MacEachen" title="Allan MacEachen">MacEachen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marc_Lalonde" title="Marc Lalonde">Lalonde</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Wilson_(Canadian_politician)" title="Michael Wilson (Canadian politician)">Wilson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Don_Mazankowski" title="Don Mazankowski">Mazankowski</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gilles_Loiselle" title="Gilles Loiselle">Loiselle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_Martin" title="Paul Martin">Martin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Manley" title="John Manley">Manley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ralph_Goodale" title="Ralph Goodale">Goodale</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jim_Flaherty" title="Jim Flaherty">Flaherty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joe_Oliver_(politician)" title="Joe Oliver (politician)">Oliver</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bill_Morneau" title="Bill Morneau">Morneau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chrystia_Freeland" title="Chrystia Freeland">Freeland</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Ministers_of_international_trade" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:CA-Ministers_for_International_Trade" title="Template:CA-Ministers for International Trade"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:CA-Ministers_for_International_Trade" title="Template talk:CA-Ministers for International Trade"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:CA-Ministers_for_International_Trade" title="Special:EditPage/Template:CA-Ministers for International Trade"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Ministers_of_international_trade" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Minister_of_International_Trade_(Canada)" class="mw-redirect" title="Minister of International Trade (Canada)">Ministers of international trade</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Ministers of Trade and Commerce (1892–1969)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mackenzie_Bowell" title="Mackenzie Bowell">Mackenzie Bowell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Bullock_Ives" title="William Bullock Ives">William Bullock Ives</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Costigan" title="John Costigan">John Costigan</a> (acting)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Bullock_Ives" title="William Bullock Ives">William Bullock Ives</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Richard John Cartwright</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Eulas_Foster" title="George Eulas Foster">George Eulas Foster</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Herbert_Stevens" title="Henry Herbert Stevens">Henry Herbert Stevens</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Robb_(politician)" title="James Robb (politician)">James Alexander Robb</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Andrew_Low" title="Thomas Andrew Low">Thomas Andrew Low</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Robb_(politician)" title="James Robb (politician)">James Alexander Robb</a> (acting)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Herbert_Stevens" title="Henry Herbert Stevens">Henry Herbert Stevens</a> (acting)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Dew_Chaplin" title="James Dew Chaplin">James Dew Chaplin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Malcolm_(politician)" title="James Malcolm (politician)">James Malcolm</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Herbert_Stevens" title="Henry Herbert Stevens">Henry Herbert Stevens</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Hanson_(Canadian_politician)" title="Richard Hanson (Canadian politician)">Richard Burpee Hanson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Daum_Euler" title="William Daum Euler">William Daum Euler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Angus_MacKinnon" title="James Angus MacKinnon">James Angus MacKinnon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/C._D._Howe" title="C. D. Howe">Clarence Decatur Howe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gordon_Churchill" title="Gordon Churchill">Gordon Churchill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Hees" title="George Hees">George Harris Hees</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malcolm_Wallace_McCutcheon" class="mw-redirect" title="Malcolm Wallace McCutcheon">Malcolm Wallace McCutcheon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mitchell_Sharp" title="Mitchell Sharp">Mitchell William Sharp</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Winters" title="Robert Winters">Robert Henry Winters</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jean-Luc_P%C3%A9pin" title="Jean-Luc Pépin">Jean-Luc Pépin</a> (acting)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Drury" title="Charles Drury">Charles Mills Drury</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jean-Luc_P%C3%A9pin" title="Jean-Luc Pépin">Jean-Luc Pépin</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Ministers of Industry (1963–69)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Drury" title="Charles Drury">Charles Mills Drury</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jean-Luc_P%C3%A9pin" title="Jean-Luc Pépin">Jean-Luc Pépin</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Ministers of Industry, Trade and Commerce (1969–83)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jean-Luc_P%C3%A9pin" title="Jean-Luc Pépin">Jean-Luc Pépin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alastair_Gillespie" title="Alastair Gillespie">Alastair William Gillespie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Don_Jamieson_(politician)" title="Don Jamieson (politician)">Donald Campbell Jamieson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jean_Chr%C3%A9tien" title="Jean Chrétien">Joseph Jacques Jean Chrétien</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jack_Horner_(politician)" title="Jack Horner (politician)">John Henry Horner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_de_Cotret" title="Robert de Cotret">Robert de Cotret</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Herb_Gray" title="Herb Gray">Herbert Eser Gray</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ed_Lumley" title="Ed Lumley">Edward Lumley</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Minister of State for International Trade (1979–80)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Wilson_(Canadian_politician)" title="Michael Wilson (Canadian politician)">Michael Wilson</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Minister of State (Trade) (1980–82)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ed_Lumley" title="Ed Lumley">Edward Lumley</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Ministers of State (International Trade) (1982–83)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ed_Lumley" title="Ed Lumley">Edward Lumley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gerald_Regan" title="Gerald Regan">Gerald Regan</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Ministers of International Trade (1983–2018)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gerald_Regan" title="Gerald Regan">Gerald Regan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Francis_Fox" title="Francis Fox">Francis Fox</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Kelleher" title="James Kelleher">James Francis Kelleher</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pat_Carney" title="Pat Carney">Patricia Carney</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Crosbie" title="John Crosbie">John Carnell Crosbie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Wilson_(Canadian_politician)" title="Michael Wilson (Canadian politician)">Michael Wilson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tom_Hockin" title="Tom Hockin">Thomas Hockin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roy_MacLaren_(politician)" title="Roy MacLaren (politician)">Roy MacLaren</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Art_Eggleton" title="Art Eggleton">Art Eggleton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sergio_Marchi_(politician)" title="Sergio Marchi (politician)">Sergio Marchi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pierre_Pettigrew" title="Pierre Pettigrew">Pierre Pettigrew</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jim_Peterson" title="Jim Peterson">Jim Peterson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Emerson" title="David Emerson">David Emerson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Fortier" title="Michael Fortier">Michael Fortier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stockwell_Day" title="Stockwell Day">Stockwell Day</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_Van_Loan" title="Peter Van Loan">Peter Van Loan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ed_Fast" title="Ed Fast">Ed Fast</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chrystia_Freeland" title="Chrystia Freeland">Chrystia Freeland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fran%C3%A7ois-Philippe_Champagne" title="François-Philippe Champagne">François-Philippe Champagne</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Minister of International Trade Diversification (2018–)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jim_Carr" title="Jim Carr">Jim Carr</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Leaders_and_representatives_of_the_Government_in_the_Senate" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:CA-Leaders_of_the_Government_in_the_Senate" title="Template:CA-Leaders of the Government in the Senate"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:CA-Leaders_of_the_Government_in_the_Senate" title="Template talk:CA-Leaders of the Government in the Senate"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:CA-Leaders_of_the_Government_in_the_Senate" title="Special:EditPage/Template:CA-Leaders of the Government in the Senate"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Leaders_and_representatives_of_the_Government_in_the_Senate" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Representative_of_the_Government_in_the_Senate" title="Representative of the Government in the Senate">Leaders and representatives of the Government in the Senate</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alexander_Campbell_(Canadian_senator)" title="Alexander Campbell (Canadian senator)">Campbell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luc_Letellier_de_St-Just" title="Luc Letellier de St-Just">Letellier de Saint-Just</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_William_Scott" title="Richard William Scott">Scott</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexander_Campbell_(Canadian_senator)" title="Alexander Campbell (Canadian senator)">Campbell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Abbott" title="John Abbott">Abbott</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mackenzie_Bowell" title="Mackenzie Bowell">Bowell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oliver_Mowat" title="Oliver Mowat">Mowat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Mills_(Canadian_politician)" title="David Mills (Canadian politician)">Mills</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_William_Scott" title="Richard William Scott">Scott</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Cartwright</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Alexander_Lougheed" title="James Alexander Lougheed">Lougheed</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raoul_Dandurand" title="Raoul Dandurand">Dandurand</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/William_Benjamin_Ross" title="William Benjamin Ross">Ross</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raoul_Dandurand" title="Raoul Dandurand">Dandurand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wellington_Willoughby" title="Wellington Willoughby">Willoughby</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arthur_Meighen" title="Arthur Meighen">Meighen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raoul_Dandurand" title="Raoul Dandurand">Dandurand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Horace_King" title="James Horace King">King</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wishart_McLea_Robertson" title="Wishart McLea Robertson">Robertson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Ross_Macdonald" title="William Ross Macdonald">Macdonald</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Thomas_Haig" title="John Thomas Haig">Haig</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Walter_Aseltine" title="Walter Aseltine">Aseltine</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Alfred_Johnson_Brooks" title="Alfred Johnson Brooks">Brooks</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Ross_Macdonald" title="William Ross Macdonald">Macdonald</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Joseph_Connolly" title="John Joseph Connolly">Connolly</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_Martin_Sr." title="Paul Martin Sr.">Martin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ray_Perrault" title="Ray Perrault">Perrault</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jacques_Flynn" title="Jacques Flynn">Flynn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ray_Perrault" title="Ray Perrault">Perrault</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bud_Olson" title="Bud Olson">Olson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Allan_MacEachen" title="Allan MacEachen">MacEachen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dufferin_Roblin" title="Dufferin Roblin">Roblin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lowell_Murray" title="Lowell Murray">Murray</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joyce_Fairbairn" title="Joyce Fairbairn">Fairbairn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alasdair_Graham" title="Alasdair Graham">Graham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bernie_Boudreau" title="Bernie Boudreau">Boudreau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sharon_Carstairs" title="Sharon Carstairs">Carstairs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jack_Austin_(politician)" title="Jack Austin (politician)">Austin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marjory_LeBreton" title="Marjory LeBreton">LeBreton</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Claude_Carignan" title="Claude Carignan">Carignan</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Peter_Harder_(politician)" title="Peter Harder (politician)">Harder</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Marc_Gold" title="Marc Gold">Gold</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div>Government leaders listed in <i>italics</i> were not cabinet ministers.</div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7326872#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th 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