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href="#Patronymics_and_the_loss_of_the_prefix_Mac"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Patronymics and the loss of the prefix <span><i>Mac</i></span></span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Patronymics_and_the_loss_of_the_prefix_Mac-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Matrilineal_Ine" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Matrilineal_Ine"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Matrilineal <i>Ine</i></span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Matrilineal_Ine-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-The_use_of_"Alias"" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#The_use_of_"Alias""> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>The use of "Alias"</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-The_use_of_"Alias"-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Surname_comparisons_tables" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Surname_comparisons_tables"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Surname comparisons tables</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Surname_comparisons_tables-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Surname comparisons tables subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Surname_comparisons_tables-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-1986_surname_rank_by_occurrences" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#1986_surname_rank_by_occurrences"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.1</span> <span>1986 surname rank by occurrences</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-1986_surname_rank_by_occurrences-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-1881_surname_rank_by_occurrences" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#1881_surname_rank_by_occurrences"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.2</span> <span>1881 surname rank by occurrences</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-1881_surname_rank_by_occurrences-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-1881_rank_by_population_index" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#1881_rank_by_population_index"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.3</span> <span>1881 rank by population index</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-1881_rank_by_population_index-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Footnotes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Footnotes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Footnotes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Footnotes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav 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srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/British_Isles_Isle_of_Man.svg/330px-British_Isles_Isle_of_Man.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/British_Isles_Isle_of_Man.svg/440px-British_Isles_Isle_of_Man.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="675" data-file-height="1180" /></a><figcaption>Location of the <a href="/wiki/Isle_of_Man" title="Isle of Man">Isle of Man</a>.</figcaption></figure> <p><a href="/wiki/Surname" title="Surname">Surnames</a> originating on the <a href="/wiki/Isle_of_Man" title="Isle of Man">Isle of Man</a> reflect the <a href="/wiki/Recorded_history" title="Recorded history">recorded history</a> of the island, which can be divided into three different eras — Gaelic, Norse, and English. In consequence most <b>Manx surnames</b> are derived from the <a href="/wiki/Gaelic_languages" class="mw-redirect" title="Gaelic languages">Gaelic</a> or <a href="/wiki/Old_Norse" title="Old Norse">Norse</a> languages. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Origins_and_sources">Origins and sources</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Manx_surnames&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Origins and sources"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Isle_of_Man" title="History of the Isle of Man">History of the Isle of Man</a></div> <p>During the first period of recorded history the island was occupied by Celtic speaking peoples and later Christianised by Irish missionaries. </p><p>By the 9th century <a href="/wiki/Vikings" title="Vikings">Vikings</a>, generally from Norway, ruled the island: Old Norse speaking settlers intermarried with the Gaelic speaking native population, and Norse personal names found their way into common Manx usage. </p><p>By the 13th century the island became a Scottish possession, but passed back and forth between Scotland and England for a hundred years before finally coming under British rule<sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="margin-left:0.1em; white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Please_clarify" title="Wikipedia:Please clarify"><span title="The text near this tag may need clarification or removal of jargon. (September 2017)">clarification needed</span></a></i>]</sup>, resulting in open immigration from the occupying country.<sup id="cite_ref-Reaney_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Reaney-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Under the English many surnames introduced to the island were translated into Manx, while many indigenous Manx surnames became Anglicised. Immigration from Ireland brought Hiberno-Norman surnames to the island as well.<sup id="cite_ref-Moore_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Moore-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Very few Manx surnames are recorded prior to the arrival of the <a href="/wiki/John_I_Stanley_of_the_Isle_of_Man" class="mw-redirect" title="John I Stanley of the Isle of Man">Stanleys</a> in 1405. The majority of early surnames are recorded in the Manorial Rolls dating from 1510 to 1513. More recent sources of surnames are <a href="/wiki/Parish_records" class="mw-redirect" title="Parish records">Parish records</a> from the beginning of the 17th century.<sup id="cite_ref-sources_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-sources-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Arthur_William_Moore" title="Arthur William Moore">Arthur William Moore</a> analysed the origin of Manx surnames in use at the beginning of the 19th century: of 170 surnames, about 100 (65 percent) are of Celtic origin while about 30 (17.5 percent) were of Norse-Gaelic origin.<sup id="cite_ref-Moore11_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Moore11-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Patronymics_and_the_loss_of_the_prefix_Mac">Patronymics and the loss of the prefix <span title="Middle Irish (900-1200)-language text"><i lang="mga">Mac</i></span></h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Manx_surnames&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Patronymics and the loss of the prefix Mac"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Patronymic names were formed by the use of the Gaelic prefix <span title="Middle Irish (900-1200)-language text"><i lang="mga">Mac</i></span> to the father's name. The "Irish" <span title="Irish-language text"><i lang="ga"><a href="/wiki/%C3%93" title="Ó">O (Ó)</a></i></span> never took root among Manx names. </p><p>In the early 16th century, the <span title="Middle Irish (900-1200)-language text"><i lang="mga">Mac</i></span> prefix was almost universally used on the island but by the 17th century, it had almost completely disappeared. The pronunciation of the prefix <span title="Middle Irish (900-1200)-language text"><i lang="mga">Mac</i></span> was unstressed, so that the final consonant became first consonant in the second element of the name (the father's personal name). When the Mac prefix fell out of use, the final consonant became the first sound of the surname. Because of this, many Manx names characteristically begin with the letters <i>C,</i> <i>K</i>, or <i>Q</i>, for example <a href="/wiki/Cubbon" title="Cubbon">Cubbon</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kelly_(surname)" title="Kelly (surname)">Kelly</a> and <a href="/wiki/Quayle" title="Quayle">Quayle</a>. </p><p>Patronymic forms of personal names beginning with element <span title="Middle Irish (900-1200)-language text"><i lang="mga">Giolla</i></span> "servant of" (for instance, MacGillchrist) underwent a transformation of their own; the prefix <span title="Middle Irish (900-1200)-language text"><i lang="mga">Mac</i></span> and the element <span title="Middle Irish (900-1200)-language text"><i lang="mga">Giolla</i></span> were contracted into <i>Myley</i>. For example, MacGillchrist became <i>Mylechreest</i> or <i>Mylchreest</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-Moore_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Moore-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Matrilineal_Ine">Matrilineal <i>Ine</i></h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Manx_surnames&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Matrilineal Ine"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Prior to the mid-17th century there were many instances of female surnames using the prefix <span title="Manx-language text"><i lang="gv">Ine</i></span>, a Gaelic contraction meaning "daughter," cognate to the Irish prefixes <span title="Irish-language text"><i lang="ga">Ní</i></span> and <span title="Irish-language text"><i lang="ga">Nic</i></span> and Scottish Gaelic <span title="Scottish Gaelic-language text"><i lang="gd">Nic</i></span>, derived from <span title="Manx-language text"><i lang="gv">iníon</i></span> "daughter". From the mid-17th century onwards the prefix generally fell out of use. According to <a href="/wiki/J._J._Kneen" class="mw-redirect" title="J. J. Kneen">J. J. Kneen</a>, there are several instances of feminine surnames using <span title="Manx-language text"><i lang="gv">IIne</i></span> as late as the early 19th century,<sup id="cite_ref-jonesmanx16_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-jonesmanx16-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="The_use_of_"Alias""><span id="The_use_of_.22Alias.22"></span>The use of "Alias"</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Manx_surnames&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: The use of "Alias""><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>During the 18th century, formal documents in English (for example parish registers and probate records) made use of the Latin "Alias" to incorporate the maiden name of a married woman or widow, for example "Mr. Robert Kelly of the Rock in the parish of Marown and his wife Isabel Kelly <i>als</i> Clucas".<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Surname_comparisons_tables">Surname comparisons tables</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Manx_surnames&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Surname comparisons tables"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="1986_surname_rank_by_occurrences">1986 surname rank by occurrences</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Manx_surnames&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: 1986 surname rank by occurrences"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The following table shows the top ten surnames found in the 1986 telephone directory on the Isle of Man. The ten names are compared to the 1881 their census ranking.<sup id="cite_ref-sn1881_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-sn1881-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <table class="wikitable sortable"> <tbody><tr> <th>1986</th> <th>Surname</th> <th>1881 </th></tr> <tr> <td>1</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Kelly_(surname)" title="Kelly (surname)">Kelly</a></td> <td>1 </td></tr> <tr> <td>2</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Corlett" title="Corlett">Corlett</a></td> <td>4 </td></tr> <tr> <td>3</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Quayle" title="Quayle">Quayle</a></td> <td>2 </td></tr> <tr> <td>4</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Moore_(surname)" title="Moore (surname)">Moore</a></td> <td>7 </td></tr> <tr> <td>5</td> <td>Cain (Caine was 47)</td> <td>3 </td></tr> <tr> <td>6</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Christian_(surname)" title="Christian (surname)">Christian</a></td> <td>5 </td></tr> <tr> <td>7</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Kneale" title="Kneale">Kneale</a></td> <td>18 </td></tr> <tr> <td>7</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Teare" title="Teare">Teare</a></td> <td>14 </td></tr> <tr> <td>9</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Clague_(disambiguation)" class="mw-redirect" title="Clague (disambiguation)">Clague</a></td> <td>6 </td></tr> <tr> <td>10</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Shimmin" title="Shimmin">Shimmin</a></td> <td>16 </td></tr> <tr> <td>11</td> <td>Stevenson</td> <td>18 </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="1881_surname_rank_by_occurrences">1881 surname rank by occurrences</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Manx_surnames&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: 1881 surname rank by occurrences"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The following table ranks Manx surnames by occurrences in the 1881 census.<sup id="cite_ref-forebears_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-forebears-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> See footnote for the legend to the table.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>note 1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <table class="wikitable sortable"> <tbody><tr> <th>Surname</th> <th>Total</th> <th>Frequency</th> <th>Index </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Kelly_(surname)" title="Kelly (surname)">Kelly</a></td> <td>2118</td> <td>3.9041</td> <td>35.6479 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Quayle" title="Quayle">Quayle</a></td> <td>1349</td> <td>2.4866</td> <td>375.7242 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Corlett" title="Corlett">Corlett</a></td> <td>1139</td> <td>2.0995</td> <td>368.3342 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Moore_(surname)" title="Moore (surname)">Moore</a></td> <td>944</td> <td>1.7401</td> <td>8.7017 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Clague_(disambiguation)" class="mw-redirect" title="Clague (disambiguation)">Clague</a></td> <td>882</td> <td>1.6258</td> <td>456.7345 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Christian</td> <td>873</td> <td>1.6092</td> <td>162.2616 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Cain</td> <td>790</td> <td>1.4562</td> <td>70.1231 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Quirk</td> <td>637</td> <td>1.1742</td> <td>246.7653 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Watterson</td> <td>632</td> <td>1.1650</td> <td>359.6836 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Cannell" title="Cannell">Cannell</a></td> <td>612</td> <td>1.1281</td> <td>260.8807 </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="1881_rank_by_population_index">1881 rank by population index</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Manx_surnames&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: 1881 rank by population index"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>This table lists the surnames of the 1881 census which have the highest percentage of appearing on the Isle of Man.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="margin-left:0.1em; white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Please_clarify" title="Wikipedia:Please clarify"><span title="The text near this tag may need clarification or removal of jargon. (December 2018)">clarification needed</span></a></i>]</sup> The important column in this table is the Index column. This table shows the most "Manx" surnames in <a href="/wiki/Great_Britain" title="Great Britain">Great Britain</a>. See the previous footnote for the legend to the table.<sup id="cite_ref-forebears_8-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-forebears-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <table class="wikitable sortable"> <tbody><tr> <th>Surname</th> <th>Total</th> <th>Frequency</th> <th>Index </th></tr> <tr> <td>Carine</td> <td>78</td> <td>0.1438</td> <td>538.3023 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Kewish" title="Kewish">Kewish</a></td> <td>89</td> <td>0.1641</td> <td>528.5036 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Comish</td> <td>108</td> <td>0.1991</td> <td>497.0087 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Clague_(disambiguation)" class="mw-redirect" title="Clague (disambiguation)">Clague</a></td> <td>882</td> <td>1.6258</td> <td>456.7345 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Costain" title="Costain">Costain</a></td> <td>304</td> <td>0.5604</td> <td>448.7085 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Corkill" title="Corkill">Corkill</a></td> <td>611</td> <td>1.1262</td> <td>444.9785 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Kennaugh_(disambiguation)" class="mw-redirect" title="Kennaugh (disambiguation)">Kennaugh</a></td> <td>243</td> <td>0.4479</td> <td>442.7036 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Faragher" title="Faragher">Faragher</a></td> <td>295</td> <td>0.5438</td> <td>424.0943 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Kissack</td> <td>323</td> <td>0.5954</td> <td>423.5510 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Shimmin" title="Shimmin">Shimmin</a></td> <td>609</td> <td>1.1226</td> <td>421.2784 </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Manx_surnames&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Family_name" class="mw-redirect" title="Family name">Family name</a>, description of family names</li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Isle_of_Man" title="History of the Isle of Man">History of the Isle of Man</a>, Manx history</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Has_Anybody_Here_Seen_Kelly%3F" title="Has Anybody Here Seen Kelly?">Has Anybody Here Seen Kelly?</a>"</li></ul> <div style="clear:both;" class=""></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Footnotes">Footnotes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Manx_surnames&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Footnotes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">The <i>Total</i> column represents the total number of people with the surname. The <i>Frequency</i> column represents the percentage of people on the Isle of Man with this surname. The <i>Index</i> column represents the probability of finding the surname in Man, compared to the probability of finding it in the rest of Great Britain. A number 1 in this column shows that there is the same chance of finding this surname at random on the Isle of Man as there is in whole of Great Britain (a <i>2</i> would show twice as much, and a <i>10</i> shows ten times as much).<sup id="cite_ref-forebears_8-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-forebears-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Manx_surnames&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-Reaney-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Reaney_1-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFReaneyWilson,_Richard_Middlewood2006" class="citation book cs1">Reaney, Percy Hilde; Wilson, Richard Middlewood (2006). <i>A Dictionary of English Surnames</i> (3rd ed.). London: Routledge. pp. LI, LII. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-203-99355-1" title="Special:BookSources/0-203-99355-1"><bdi>0-203-99355-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=A+Dictionary+of+English+Surnames&rft.place=London&rft.pages=LI%2C+LII&rft.edition=3rd&rft.pub=Routledge&rft.date=2006&rft.isbn=0-203-99355-1&rft.aulast=Reaney&rft.aufirst=Percy+Hilde&rft.au=Wilson%2C+Richard+Middlewood&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AManx+surnames" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Moore-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Moore_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Moore_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMoore1890" class="citation book cs1">Moore, Arthur William (1890). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/surnamesplacenam00mooruoft"><i>The Surnames & Place-names of the Isle of Man</i></a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. London: Elliot Stock. pp. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/surnamesplacenam00mooruoft/page/1">1</a>–21.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Surnames+%26+Place-names+of+the+Isle+of+Man&rft.place=London&rft.pages=1-21&rft.pub=Elliot+Stock&rft.date=1890&rft.aulast=Moore&rft.aufirst=Arthur+William&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fsurnamesplacenam00mooruoft&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AManx+surnames" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-sources-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-sources_3-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.isle-of-man.com/manxnotebook/famhist/fnames/sources.htm">"Sources for Family Names"</a>. <i>Manx Notebook (www.isle-of-man.com/manxnotebook)</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">15 December</span> 2008</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Manx+Notebook+%28www.isle-of-man.com%2Fmanxnotebook%29&rft.atitle=Sources+for+Family+Names&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.isle-of-man.com%2Fmanxnotebook%2Ffamhist%2Ffnames%2Fsources.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AManx+surnames" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Moore11-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Moore11_4-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMoore1890" class="citation book cs1">Moore, Arthur William (1890). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/surnamesplacenam00mooruoft"><i>The Surnames & Place-names of the Isle of Man</i></a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. London: Elliot Stock. p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/surnamesplacenam00mooruoft/page/11">11</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Surnames+%26+Place-names+of+the+Isle+of+Man&rft.place=London&rft.pages=11&rft.pub=Elliot+Stock&rft.date=1890&rft.aulast=Moore&rft.aufirst=Arthur+William&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fsurnamesplacenam00mooruoft&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AManx+surnames" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-jonesmanx16-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-jonesmanx16_5-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJones1998" class="citation web cs1">Jones, Heather Rose (1998). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.medievalscotland.org/manxnames/jonesmanx16.shtml">"Manx Names in the Early 16th Century"</a>. <i>Medieval Scotland (www.medievalscotland.org)</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">13 December</span> 2008</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Medieval+Scotland+%28www.medievalscotland.org%29&rft.atitle=Manx+Names+in+the+Early+16th+Century&rft.date=1998&rft.aulast=Jones&rft.aufirst=Heather+Rose&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.medievalscotland.org%2Fmanxnames%2Fjonesmanx16.shtml&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AManx+surnames" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Narasimham, J., (1986) 'The Manx Family Tree', 35</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-sn1881-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-sn1881_7-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.isle-of-man.com/manxnotebook/famhist/fnames/sn1881.htm">"Manx Surnames from 1881 census"</a>. <i>Manx Notebook</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">15 December</span> 2008</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Manx+Notebook&rft.atitle=Manx+Surnames+from+1881+census&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.isle-of-man.com%2Fmanxnotebook%2Ffamhist%2Ffnames%2Fsn1881.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AManx+surnames" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-forebears-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-forebears_8-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-forebears_8-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-forebears_8-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://forebears.co.uk/isle-of-man#surnames">"Top surnames in Isle of Man from the 1881 British Census"</a>. <i>Forebears</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">1 November</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Forebears&rft.atitle=Top+surnames+in+Isle+of+Man+from+the+1881+British+Census&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fforebears.co.uk%2Fisle-of-man%23surnames&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AManx+surnames" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output 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.navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Personal_names_and_anthroponymy" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar 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family name affixes">Affixes</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Nobiliary_particle" title="Nobiliary particle">Nobiliary particle</a></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">By sequence</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/First_name" class="mw-redirect" title="First name">First name</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Middle_name" title="Middle name">Middle name</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Surname" title="Surname">Last name</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">By trait</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Diminutive" title="Diminutive">Diminutive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Double-barrelled_name" title="Double-barrelled name">Double-barrelled</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Epithet" title="Epithet">Epithet</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Animal_epithet" title="Animal epithet">Animal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lists_of_people_by_epithet" title="Lists of people by epithet">Common</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plant_epithet" title="Plant epithet">Plant</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eponym" title="Eponym">Eponymic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Matronymic" title="Matronymic">Matronymic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Metonymy" title="Metonymy">Metonymic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mononymous_person" class="mw-redirect" title="Mononymous person">Mononymic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Occupational_name" class="mw-redirect" title="Occupational name">Occupational</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Patronymic" title="Patronymic">Patronymic</a> <ul><li><small><a href="/wiki/Patronymic_surname" title="Patronymic surname">Surname</a></small></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sobriquet" title="Sobriquet">Sobriquet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Teknonymy" title="Teknonymy">Teknonymic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Toponymy" title="Toponymy">Toponymic</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Toponymic_surname" title="Toponymic surname">Surname</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Patrial_name" title="Patrial name">Patrial</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Unisex_name" title="Unisex name">Unisex</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Virtue_name" title="Virtue name">Virtue</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">By life situation</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aptronym" title="Aptronym">Aptronym</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Birth_name" title="Birth name">Birth name</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Code_name" title="Code name">Code name</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maiden_and_married_names" title="Maiden and married names">Maiden and married names</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Necronym" title="Necronym">Necronym</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Posthumous_name" title="Posthumous name">Posthumous name</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Temple_name" title="Temple name">Temple name</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Placeholder_name" title="Placeholder name">Placeholder name</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Notname" title="Notname">Notname</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Regnal_name" title="Regnal name">Regnal name</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slave_name" title="Slave name">Slave name</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Pseudonym" title="Pseudonym">Pseudonyms</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_pseudonyms" title="List of pseudonyms">list</a>)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Art_name" title="Art name">Art name</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Bug%C5%8D" title="Bugō">Bugō</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nickname" title="Nickname">Nicknames</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lists_of_nicknames" title="Lists of nicknames">list</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hypocorism" title="Hypocorism">Hypocorism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_monarchs_by_nickname" title="List of monarchs by nickname">Monarchs</a></li></ul></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Nom_de_guerre" class="mw-redirect" title="Nom de guerre">Nom de guerre</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pen_name" title="Pen name">Pen name</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Heteronym_(literature)" title="Heteronym (literature)">Heteronym</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ring_name" title="Ring name">Ring name</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Shikona" title="Shikona">Shikona</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stage_name" title="Stage name">Stage name</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_stage_names" title="List of stage names">List</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_one-word_stage_names" title="List of one-word stage names">Mononyms</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Username" class="mw-redirect" title="Username">Username</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">By culture<br /><a href="/wiki/Surnames_by_country" title="Surnames by country">Surnames by country</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/East_Asian_cultural_sphere" class="mw-redirect" title="East Asian cultural sphere">East Asian</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Amami_name" title="Amami name">Amami</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chinese_name" title="Chinese name">Chinese</a> <ul><li><small><a href="/wiki/Courtesy_name" title="Courtesy name">Courtesy</a></small></li> <li><small><a href="/wiki/Art_name" title="Art name">Art</a></small></li> <li><small><a href="/wiki/Generation_name" title="Generation name">Generation</a></small></li> <li><small><a href="/wiki/Chinese_titles" title="Chinese titles">Titles</a></small></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japanese_name" title="Japanese name">Japanese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Korean_name" title="Korean name">Korean</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manchu_name" title="Manchu name">Manchu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Okinawan_name" title="Okinawan name">Okinawan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Naming_customs_of_Taiwanese_indigenous_peoples" title="Naming customs of Taiwanese indigenous peoples">Indigenous Taiwanese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vietnamese_name" title="Vietnamese name">Vietnamese</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Northern Asia<br />and Central Asia</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kalmyk_name" title="Kalmyk name">Kalmyk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mongolian_name" title="Mongolian name">Mongolian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yakut_names" class="mw-redirect" title="Yakut names">Sakha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tibetan_name" title="Tibetan name">Tibetan</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Muslim_world" title="Muslim world">Muslim world</a><br />and Western Asia</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Afghan_name" title="Afghan name">Afghan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arabic_name" title="Arabic name">Arabic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Azerbaijani_name" title="Azerbaijani name">Azerbaijani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bengali_name" title="Bengali name">Bengali</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Berber_name&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Berber name (page does not exist)">Berber</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coptic_name" class="mw-redirect" title="Coptic name">Coptic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mandaean_name" title="Mandaean name">Mandaean</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pakistani_name" title="Pakistani name">Pakistani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pashtun_name" class="mw-redirect" title="Pashtun name">Pashtun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Persian_name" title="Persian name">Persian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sindhi_names" title="Sindhi names">Sindhi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Somali_name" title="Somali name">Somali</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tatar_name" title="Tatar name">Tatar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turkish_name" title="Turkish name">Turkish</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Oceania" title="Oceania">Oceania</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Australian_Aboriginal_kinship" title="Australian Aboriginal kinship">Australian Aboriginal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fijian_name" title="Fijian name">Fijian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hawaiian_name" title="Hawaiian name">Hawaiian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/M%C4%81ori_naming_customs" title="Māori naming customs">Māori</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Sub-Saharan_Africa" title="Sub-Saharan Africa">Sub-Saharan Africa</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Akan_names" title="Akan names">Ashanti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Republic_of_the_Congo_naming_customs" title="Democratic Republic of the Congo naming customs">Democratic Republic of the Congo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Naming_conventions_in_Eritrea_and_Ethiopia" title="Naming conventions in Eritrea and Ethiopia">Eritrean and Ethiopian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ewe_language#Naming_system" title="Ewe language">Ewe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ghanaian_name" title="Ghanaian name">Ghanaian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Igbo_name" title="Igbo name">Igbo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yoruba_name" title="Yoruba name">Yoruba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zimbabwean_names" title="Zimbabwean names">Zimbabwean</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Europe" title="Europe">Europe</a>, <a href="/wiki/North_America" title="North America">North America</a><br />and <a href="/wiki/Australasia" title="Australasia">Australasia</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Albanian_name" title="Albanian name">Albanian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Armenian_name" title="Armenian name">Armenian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jewish_surname#Ashkenazi_Jewry" title="Jewish surname">Ashkenazi Jewish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Basque_surnames" title="Basque surnames">Basque</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Estonian_name&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Estonian name (page does not exist)">Estonian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Finnish_name" title="Finnish name">Finnish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Georgian_name" title="Georgian name">Georgian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greek_name" title="Greek name">Greek</a> <ul><li><small><a href="/wiki/Ancient_Greek_personal_names" title="Ancient Greek personal names">Ancient Greek</a></small></li> <li><small><a href="/wiki/Greek_Cypriot_name" title="Greek Cypriot name">Cypriot</a></small></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hungarian_names" title="Hungarian names">Hungarian</a></li></ul> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Baltic_languages" title="Baltic languages">Baltic</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Latvian_name" title="Latvian name">Latvian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lithuanian_name" title="Lithuanian name">Lithuanian</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Celtic_onomastics" title="Celtic onomastics">Celtic</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cornish_surnames" title="Cornish surnames">Cornish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irish_name" title="Irish name">Irish</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Manx</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scottish_Gaelic_name" title="Scottish Gaelic name">Scottish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Welsh_surnames" title="Welsh surnames">Welsh</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Germanic_name" title="Germanic name">Germanic</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dutch_name" title="Dutch name">Dutch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/English_name" title="English name">English</a> <ul><li><small><a href="/wiki/Naming_in_the_United_States" title="Naming in the United States">American</a></small></li> <li><small><a href="/wiki/African-American_names" title="African-American names">African-American</a></small></li> <li><small><a href="/wiki/Canadian_name" title="Canadian name">Canadian</a></small></li> <li><small><a href="/wiki/Hong_Kong_name" title="Hong Kong name">Hongkongese</a></small></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/German_name" title="German name">German</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gothic_name" title="Gothic name">Gothic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Icelandic_name" title="Icelandic name">Icelandic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scandinavian_family_name_etymology" title="Scandinavian family name etymology">Scandinavian</a> <ul><li><small><a href="/wiki/Swedish_name" title="Swedish name">Swedish</a></small></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Romance_languages" title="Romance languages">Romance</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Catalan_name" class="mw-redirect" title="Catalan name">Catalan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/French_name" title="French name">French</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Italian_name" title="Italian name">Italian</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Occitan_name&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Occitan name (page does not exist)">Occitan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portuguese_name" title="Portuguese name">Portuguese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roman_naming_conventions" title="Roman naming conventions">Roman</a> <ul><li><small><a href="/wiki/Praenomen" title="Praenomen">Praenomen</a></small></li> <li><small><a href="/wiki/Nomen_(Roman_name)" class="mw-redirect" title="Nomen (Roman name)">Nomen</a></small></li> <li><small><a href="/wiki/Cognomen" title="Cognomen">Cognomen</a></small></li> <li><small><a href="/wiki/Agnomen" title="Agnomen">Agnomen</a></small></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romanian_name" title="Romanian name">Romanian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spanish_naming_customs" title="Spanish naming customs">Spanish</a> <ul><li><small><a href="/wiki/Naming_customs_of_Hispanic_America" title="Naming customs of Hispanic America">Hispanic America</a></small></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Slavic_names" title="Slavic names">Slavic</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bulgarian_name" title="Bulgarian name">Bulgarian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Croatian_name" title="Croatian name">Croatian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Czech_name" title="Czech name">Czech</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eastern_Slavic_naming_customs" title="Eastern Slavic naming customs">Eastern Slavic</a> <ul><li><small><a href="/wiki/Belarusian_name" title="Belarusian name">Belarusian</a></small></li> <li><small><a href="/wiki/Eastern_Slavic_naming_customs" title="Eastern Slavic naming customs">Russian</a></small></li> <li><small><a href="/wiki/Ukrainian_name" title="Ukrainian name">Ukrainian</a></small></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kashubian_name&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kashubian name (page does not exist)">Kashubian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Macedonian_onomastics" title="Macedonian onomastics">Macedonian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polish_name" class="mw-redirect" title="Polish name">Polish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Serbian_name" title="Serbian name">Serbian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slovak_name" title="Slovak name">Slovak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slavic_name_suffixes" title="Slavic name suffixes">Suffixes</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Indosphere" title="Indosphere">Indosphere</a> (<a href="/wiki/South_Asia" title="South Asia">South Asia</a><br />and <a href="/wiki/Southeast_Asia" title="Southeast Asia">Southeast Asia</a>)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Balinese_name" title="Balinese name">Balinese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bengali_name" title="Bengali name">Bengali</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Burmese_name" class="mw-redirect" title="Burmese name">Burmese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Filipino_name" title="Filipino name">Filipino</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indonesian_names" title="Indonesian names">Indonesian</a> <ul><li><small><a href="/wiki/Chinese_Indonesian_surname" title="Chinese Indonesian surname">Chinese</a></small></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Javanese_name" title="Javanese name">Javanese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khmer_name" class="mw-redirect" title="Khmer name">Cambodian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malaysian_names" title="Malaysian names">Malaysian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indian_name" title="Indian name">Indian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lao_name" title="Lao name">Lao</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pakistani_name" title="Pakistani name">Pakistani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sindhi_names" title="Sindhi names">Sindhi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sinhalese_name" title="Sinhalese name">Sinhalese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Naming_conventions_of_ancient_Tamil_country" class="mw-redirect" title="Naming conventions of ancient Tamil country">Ancient Tamil country</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thai_name" title="Thai name">Thai</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Religious_name" title="Religious name">By religion</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Christian_name" title="Christian name">Christian name</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_biblical_names" title="List of biblical names">Biblical name</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Papal_name" title="Papal name">Papal name</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint%27s_name" title="Saint's name">Saint's name</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Buddhist_surname" title="Buddhist surname">Buddhist surname</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dharma_name" title="Dharma name">Dharma name</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jewish_name" title="Jewish name">Jewish name</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hebrew_name" title="Hebrew name">Hebrew</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mandaean_name" title="Mandaean name">Mandaean name</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theophoric_name" title="Theophoric name">Theophoric name</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Manners of address<br /><a href="/wiki/List_of_titles" title="List of titles">List</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Title_of_authority" class="mw-redirect" title="Title of authority">of authority</a>/<a href="/wiki/Title_of_honor" title="Title of honor">of honour</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Style_(form_of_address)" title="Style (form of address)">Styles</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Honorific" title="Honorific">Honorific</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Diplomatic_rank" title="Diplomatic rank">Diplomatic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_and_noble_styles" title="Royal and noble styles">Imperial, royal, and noble</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Judiciary_styles" class="mw-redirect" title="Judiciary styles">Judiciary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_religious_titles_and_styles" title="List of religious titles and styles">Religious</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ecclesiastical_titles_and_styles" title="Ecclesiastical titles and styles">Ecclesiastical</a></li></ul></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pre-nominal_letters" title="Pre-nominal letters">Pre-nominal letters</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suffix_(name)" title="Suffix (name)">Suffix</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Emeritus" title="Emeritus">Emeritus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Post-nominal_letters" title="Post-nominal letters">Post-nominal letters</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Academic_degree" title="Academic degree">Academic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Order_(distinction)" title="Order (distinction)">Orders</a>, <a href="/wiki/Award" title="Award">decorations</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Medal" title="Medal">medals</a></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Title" title="Title">Titles</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Academic_degree" title="Academic degree">Academic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Imperial,_royal_and_noble_ranks" title="Imperial, royal and noble ranks">Imperial, royal and noble</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chivalry" title="Chivalry">Chivalric</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Courtesy_title" title="Courtesy title">Courtesy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/False_titles_of_nobility" title="False titles of nobility">False</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hereditary_title" title="Hereditary title">Hereditary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Subsidiary_title" title="Subsidiary title">Subsidiary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Substantive_title" title="Substantive title">Substantive</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_rank" title="Military rank">Military</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Professional_titles" class="mw-redirect" title="Professional titles">Professional</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Academic_ranks" class="mw-redirect" title="Academic ranks">Academic</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Professional_degree" title="Professional degree">Educational</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Honorary_title_(academic)" title="Honorary title (academic)">Honorary</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Corporate_title" title="Corporate title">Business</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diplomatic_rank" title="Diplomatic rank">Diplomatic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Judicial_titles" class="mw-redirect" title="Judicial titles">Judicial</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_religious_titles_and_styles" title="List of religious titles and styles">Religious</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ecclesiastical_titles_and_styles" title="Ecclesiastical titles and styles">Ecclesiastical</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Papal_titles" title="Papal titles">Papal</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related traditions</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Baptism" title="Baptism">Baptism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Name_day" title="Name day">Name day</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Calendar_of_saints" title="Calendar of saints">Calendar of saints</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Acronym" title="Acronym">Acronym</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anonymity" title="Anonymity">Anonymity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anthropomorphism" title="Anthropomorphism">Anthropomorphism</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Personification" title="Personification">Personification</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/National_personification" title="National personification">National</a></li></ul></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Call_sign" title="Call sign">Call sign</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deadnaming" title="Deadnaming">Deadnaming</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Endonym_and_exonym" title="Endonym and exonym">Endonym and exonym</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Family" title="Family">Family</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Galton%E2%80%93Watson_process" title="Galton–Watson process">Galton–Watson process</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legal_name" title="Legal name">Legal name</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Name_change" title="Name change">Name change</a></li></ul></li> <li>List <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_most_popular_given_names" title="List of most popular given names">Given</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lists_of_most_common_surnames" title="Lists of most common surnames">Surname</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Namesake" title="Namesake">Namesake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Naming_taboo" title="Naming taboo">Naming taboo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nomenclature" title="Nomenclature">Nomenclature</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Nomen_nescio" title="Nomen nescio">Nomen nescio</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Misnomer" title="Misnomer">Misnomer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Onomastics" title="Onomastics">Onomastics</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/-onym" title="-onym">-onym</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Personal_identity" title="Personal identity">Personal identity</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Identifier" title="Identifier">Identifier</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Proper_name" class="mw-redirect" title="Proper name">Proper name</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Signature" title="Signature">Signature</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Monogram" title="Monogram">Monogram</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Royal_cypher" title="Royal cypher">Royal cypher</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khelrtva" title="Khelrtva">Khelrtva</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Signum_manus" title="Signum manus">Signum manus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tughra" title="Tughra">Tughra</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Surnames_by_country" title="Surnames by country">Surnames by country</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow hlist" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Lists_of_names" title="Category:Lists of names">Category:Lists of names</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" 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