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<!DOCTYPE HTML> <html> <head> <title>Evenki language and alphabet</title> <meta name="description" content="Evenki is a Northern Tungusic language spoken mainly in northern China, and also in Russia and Mongolia, by about 15,800 people." />  <script>(function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start': new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0], j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src= 'https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f); })(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-WB7PSHBG');</script>  <meta charset="UTF-8"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://www.omniglot.com/images/logos/omniglot_thumbnail.jpg" /> <meta property="og:type" content="https://www.facebook.com/pg/Omniglot-100430558332117/posts/" /> <link href="/styles/style.css" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" /> <script src="https://the.gatekeeperconsent.com/cmp.min.js" data-cfasync="false"></script> <script async src="//www.ezojs.com/ezoic/sa.min.js"></script> <script> window.ezstandalone = window.ezstandalone || {}; ezstandalone.cmd = ezstandalone.cmd || []; </script></head> <body> <div id="header">  <noscript><iframe src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/ns.html?id=GTM-WB7PSHBG" height="0" width="0" style="display:none;visibility:hidden"></iframe></noscript>  <p><a href="/index.htm"><img src="/images/logos/header_omniglot.png" width="600" height="70" alt="Omniglot - the online encyclopedia of writing systems & languages" /></a></p> <ul> <li><a href="/index.htm">Home</a></li> <li><a href="/writing/index.htm">Alphabets</a></li> <li><a href="/conscripts/index.htm">Constructed scripts</a></li> <li><a href="/writing/languages.htm">Languages</a></li> <li><a href="/language/phrases/phraseindex.htm">Phrases</a></li> <li><a href="/language/numbers/index.htm">Numbers</a></li> <li><a href="/language/ml.htm">Multilingual Pages</a></li> <li><a href="/search.htm">Search</a></li> <li><a href="/news/index.htm">News</a></li> <li><a href="/about.htm">About</a></li> <li><a href="/contact.htm">Contact</a></li> </ul></div> <div id="bodybox"> <span style="text-align:center;"><div id="ezoic-pub-ad-placeholder-162"></div> <script> ezstandalone.cmd.push(function() { ezstandalone.showAds(162); }); </script></span><div id="body"> <h1>Evenki (Эвэды̄ турэ̄н <span style="writing-mode: vertical-lr;">ᠧᠠᠩᠬᠢ</span>)</h1> <p>Evenki is a Northern Tungusic language spoken mainly in northern China, and also in Russia and Mongolia. In China Evenki was spoken by about 11,000 in 2007 in Inner Mongolia, Heilongjiang province and Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region. In the Russian Federation Evenki was spoken by about 4,800 people in 2010 in the Sakha and Buryatia republics, and in Amur, Irkutsk, Magadan and Sakhlin provinces. There are also some speakers of Evenki in Selenge province of Mongolia. </p> <p>Approximately 45% of the Evenki people consider Evenki their mother tongue. Most of the speakers are elderly and the younger generation lack a thorough knowledge of the language. This is because until 1980 the Russian government tried to suppress the Evenki language, but since then Evenki has been taught in schools. </p> <p>Evenki, which is also known as Evenk, Avenki, Avenk or Tungus, has much in common with <a href="mongolian.htm">Mongolian</a> and related languages. It has been strongly influenced by Yakut, Buryat and Russian. </p> <p>Until the 1930s, the Evenki people were mainly nomadic hunters and reindeer herders. Today hunting and reindeer herding are still important, but they are also involved in argriculture and industry. </p> <p>The English word "shaman" comes from the Evenki word meaning "holy man". </p> <p>Evenki was first written during the 1920s with a version of the Cyrillic alphabet. In China it is written the Latin alphabet, and used to be written with the Traditional Mongolian script. </p> <h2>Evenki alphabet (Mongolian)</h2> <p><img src="../images/writing/evenki_mng.gif" width="587" height="631" alt="Evenki Mongolian alphabet" /> </p> <h2>Evenki alphabet (Latin)</h2> <p><img src="../images/writing/evenki_lat.gif" width="570" height="408" alt="Evenki Latin alphabet" /> </p> <h2>Evenki alphabet (Cyrillic)</h2> <p><img src="../images/writing/evenki.gif" width="582" height="622" alt="Evenki Cyrillic alphabet" /> </p> <p>The letters щ, ъ and ь are only used in Russian names and loanwords. </p> <p><em>Information on pronunciation compiled by Wolfram Siegel</em> </p> <p><a href="../charts/evenki.xls">Download alphabet charts for Evenki</a> (Excel) </p> <h2>Sample text</h2> <p>Упкат илэл ты̄нмукирди, урэ̄лди мэ̄нңи са̄рича̄ди балдыдяра. Нуңартын дялитви, һалдяндыви биси, мэмэгӣлвэр аяралды̄дяна тэдет о̄мамачитын. </p> <h3>Transliteration (by Shawn Kilpatrick)</h3> <p>Upkat ilel tyynmukirdi, ureeldi meenŋi saaričaadi waldydjara. Nuŋartyn djalitvi, haldjandyvi bisi, memegiilver ajaraldyydjana tedjet oomamačityn. </p> <h3>Translation</h3> <p>All human beings are born free and equal in dignity and rights. They are endowed with reason and conscience and should act towards one another in a spirit of brotherhood.<br /> <em>(Article 1 of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights)</em> </p> <p class="info"><a href="/writing/evenki.htm">Information about Evenki</a> | <a href="/language/numbers/evenki.htm">Numbers</a></p> <h2>Sample videos in Evenki</h2> <div class="intrinsic-container intrinsic-container-16x9"> <iframe src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/IxqYho59K7E" allowfullscreen></iframe> </div> <div class="intrinsic-container intrinsic-container-16x9"> <iframe src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/Ui17-dVbkLw" allowfullscreen></iframe> </div> <h2>Links</h2> <p>Information about the Evenki language and people<br /> <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Evenki_language">http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Evenki_language</a><br /> <a href="https://www.ethnologue.com/language/evn">https://www.ethnologue.com/language/evn</a><br /> <a href="http://www.spri.cam.ac.uk/resources/rfn/evenki.html">http://www.spri.cam.ac.uk/resources/rfn/evenki.html</a> </p> <p>Evenki lessons<br /> <a href="http://www.evengus.ru/index.html">http://www.evengus.ru/index.html</a></p> <p>Online Evenki-Russian dictionary<br /> <a href="http://tung.by.ru/">http://tung.by.ru</a> </p> <h2>Tungusic languages</h2> <p><a href="/writing/even.htm">Even</a>, <a href="/writing/evenki.htm">Evenki</a>, <a href="/writing/jurchen.htm">Jurchen</a>, <a href="/writing/kili.htm">Kili</a>, <a href="/writing/manchu.htm">Manchu</a>, <a href="/writing/nanai.htm">Nanai</a>, <a href="/writing/negidal.htm">Negidal</a>, <a href="/writing/oroch.htm">Oroch</a>, <a href="/writing/orok.htm">Orok / Uilta</a>, <a href="/writing/oroqen.htm">Oroqen</a>, <a href="/writing/udege.htm">Udege</a> <a href="/writing/ulch.htm">Ulch</a>, <a href="/writing/xibe.htm">Xibe</a></p> <h2>Languages written with the <a href="mongolian.htm">Mongolian alphabet</a></h2> <p><a href="/writing/alasha.htm">Alasha</a>, <a href="/writing/barin.htm">Barin</a>, <a href="/writing/buryat.htm">Buryat</a>, <a href="/writing/chakhar.htm">Chakhar</a>, <a href="/writing/evenki.htm">Evenki</a>, <a href="/writing/jarud.htm">Jarud</a>, <a href="/writing/khamnigan.htm">Khamnigan Mongol</a>, <a href="/writing/khorchin.htm">Khorchin</a>, <a href="/writing/mongolian.htm">Mongolian</a></p> <h2>Languages written with the <a href="cyrillic.htm">Cyrillic alphabet</a></h2> <p><a href="/writing/abaza.htm">Abaza</a>, <a href="/writing/abkhaz.htm">Abkhaz</a>, <a href="/writing/adyghe.htm">Adyghe</a>, <a href="/writing/aghul.htm">Aghul</a>, <a href="/writing/akhvakh.htm">Akhvakh</a>, <a href="/writing/akkalasami.htm">Akkala Sámi</a>, <a href="/writing/aleut.htm">Aleut</a>, <a href="/writing/altay.htm">Altay</a>, <a href="/writing/alyutor.htm">Alyutor</a>, <a href="/writing/andi.htm">Andi</a>, <a href="/writing/archi.htm">Archi</a>, <a href="/writing/assyrianneoaramaic.htm">Assyrian / Neo-Assyrian</a>, <a href="/writing/avar.htm">Avar</a>, <a href="/writing/azeri.htm">Azeri</a>, <a href="/writing/bagvalal.htm">Bagvalal</a>, <a href="/writing/balkar.htm">Balkar</a>, <a href="/writing/bashkir.htm">Bashkir</a>, <a href="/writing/belarusian.htm">Belarusian</a>, <a href="/writing/bezhta.htm">Bezhta</a>, <a href="/writing/bosnian.htm">Bosnian</a>, <a href="/writing/botlikh.htm">Botlikh</a>, <a href="/writing/budukh.htm">Budukh</a>, <a href="/writing/bulgarian.htm">Bulgarian</a>, <a href="/writing/buryat.htm">Buryat</a>, <a href="/writing/chamalal.htm">Chamalal</a>, <a href="/writing/chechen.htm">Chechen</a>, <a href="/writing/chelkan.htm">Chelkan</a>, <a href="/writing/chukchi.htm">Chukchi</a>, <a href="/writing/chulym.htm">Chulym</a>, <a href="/writing/chuvash.htm">Chuvash</a>, <a href="/writing/crimeantatar.php">Crimean Tatar</a>, <a href="/writing/dargwa.htm">Dargwa</a>, <a href="/writing/daur.htm">Daur</a>, <a href="/writing/dolgan.htm">Dolgan</a>, <a 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