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overflow: hidden; text-overflow: ellipsis; -webkit-line-clamp: 3; -webkit-box-orient: vertical; }</style><div class="col-xs-12 clearfix"><div class="u-floatLeft"><h1 class="PageHeader-title u-m0x u-fs30">International Entrepreneurship</h1><div class="u-tcGrayDark">7,117 Followers</div><div class="u-tcGrayDark u-mt2x">Recent papers in <b>International Entrepreneurship</b></div></div></div></div></div></div><div class="TabbedNavigation"><div class="container"><div class="row"><div class="col-xs-12 clearfix"><ul class="nav u-m0x u-p0x list-inline u-displayFlex"><li class="active"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/International_Entrepreneurship">Top Papers</a></li><li><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/International_Entrepreneurship/MostCited">Most Cited Papers</a></li><li><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/International_Entrepreneurship/MostDownloaded">Most Downloaded Papers</a></li><li><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/International_Entrepreneurship/MostRecent">Newest Papers</a></li><li><a class="" href="https://www.academia.edu/People/International_Entrepreneurship">People</a></li></ul></div><style type="text/css">ul.nav{flex-direction:row}@media(max-width: 567px){ul.nav{flex-direction:column}.TabbedNavigation li{max-width:100%}.TabbedNavigation li.active{background-color:var(--background-grey, #dddde2)}.TabbedNavigation li.active:before,.TabbedNavigation li.active:after{display:none}}</style></div></div></div><div class="container"><div class="row"><div class="col-xs-12"><div class="u-displayFlex"><div class="u-flexGrow1"><div class="works"><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_10163027" data-work_id="10163027" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/10163027/Internationalization_of_the_firm_stage_approach_vs_global_approach">Internationalization of the firm: stage approach vs. global approach</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Globalization and virtual economy are external factors that drive companies to approach the global market from start up, giving birth to new studies on internationalization strategy, which represent an evolution of the classical stage... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_10163027" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Globalization and virtual economy are external factors that drive companies to approach the global market from start up, giving birth to new studies on internationalization strategy, which represent an evolution of the classical stage models. According to the stage approach, companies start selling products in their home markets and then they sequentially look at new countries. Many firms do not follow incremental stage approach but is often reported that they start their international activities from their birth: they enter different country at once, approaching new markets for both exporting and sourcing. Debate in literature is still trying to define if the born global perspective is a new concept or a new label to indicate an old phenomenon. The study will go through a review and an analysis of the literature on market entry and sourcing strategy. The purpose of this paper is therefore to identify and categorize factors that drive companies’ choice towards the global approach instead of the stage approach.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/10163027" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="56d72a7e645ca367883dbfed0a2de643" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":36268139,"asset_id":10163027,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/36268139/download_file?st=MTczMjQzMTA0NSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="24615386" href="https://univr.academia.edu/FabioCassia">Fabio Cassia</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="24615386" type="text/json">{"id":24615386,"first_name":"Fabio","last_name":"Cassia","domain_name":"univr","page_name":"FabioCassia","display_name":"Fabio Cassia","profile_url":"https://univr.academia.edu/FabioCassia?f_ri=74398","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/24615386/6657916/112541905/s65_fabio.cassia.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_10163027 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="10163027"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 10163027, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_10163027", }); 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work_8111846" data-work_id="8111846" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/8111846/A_Network_based_Approach_for_the_Understanding_of_International_New_Ventures_Market_Selection">A Network based Approach for the Understanding of International New Ventures Market Selection </a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest">A Network based Approach for the Understanding of International New Ventures Market Selection</div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/8111846" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa 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itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="555121" href="https://up-pt.academia.edu/raquelmeneses">Raquel Meneses</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="555121" type="text/json">{"id":555121,"first_name":"Raquel","last_name":"Meneses","domain_name":"up-pt","page_name":"raquelmeneses","display_name":"Raquel Meneses","profile_url":"https://up-pt.academia.edu/raquelmeneses?f_ri=74398","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/555121/4253411/4948097/s65_raquel.meneses.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_8111846 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="8111846"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 8111846, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_8111846", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_8111846 InlineList-item 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class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/19010175/ANORMAL_PS%C4%B0KOLOJ%C4%B0S%C4%B0_PS%C4%B0KOPATOLOJ%C4%B0_Abnormal_Psychology">ANORMAL PSİKOLOJİSİ/PSİKOPATOLOJİ - Abnormal Psychology</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Anormal Psikoloji kitabı, ruhsal bozukluklar alanında çalışan tüm profesyoneller, psikiyatristler, klinik psikologlar, psikologlar, psikolojik danışmanlar, hekimler, sosyal hizmet uzmanları, psikiyatri hemşireleri ve bu alanlarda öğrenci... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_19010175" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Anormal Psikoloji kitabı, ruhsal bozukluklar alanında çalışan tüm profesyoneller, psikiyatristler, klinik psikologlar, psikologlar, psikolojik danışmanlar, hekimler, sosyal hizmet uzmanları, psikiyatri hemşireleri ve bu alanlarda öğrenci yetiştiren akademisyenler ile eğitim alan öğrenciler için temel bir başvuru kitabıdır. <br />2013 yılının Mayısı ayında yayımlanan DSM-5 ölçütlerine göre ruhsal bozukluklarla ilgili sunulan bilgilerin güncellemesinin de yapıldığı bu kitap, tüm dünyada pek çok üniversitenin psikiyatri ve psikoloji bölümlerinde ders kitabı olarak okutulmaktadır. <br />Kitabın her bölümünde, ilk olarak ruhsal bozukluklarla ilgili vakalar sunulmakta, daha sonra bozuklukların klinik tanıları yapılmakta ve DSM-IV-TR’den farklı olan DSM-5’te yapılan değişikliklere yer verilmektedir. Ayrıca, DSM-5’teki tanı ölçütleri, bozuklukların etiyolojisi ve epidemiyolojisi, bozukluklar üzerinde kalıtımın ve çevrenin etkileri, biyolojik ve sosyal ve kültürel etkiler, en güncel araştırmalardan elde edilen verilerle harmanlanarak sunulmaktadır. Ruhsal bozuklukların tedavisinde etkili olacak terapi yaklaşımları ve ilaçla yapılan tedaviler hakkında da bilgiler veren kitap, sahip olduğu zengin içeriği ile eşsiz bir kaynaktır.<br />Anormal Psikoloji kitabının; profesyoneller ve öğrenciler için önemli bir rehber olacağına, yardıma ihtiyaç duyan insanların sorunlarının çözümüne, ruhsal bozuklukların tanı ve tedavisinde önemli katkılar sağlayacağına inanıyoruz.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/19010175" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="d3846c79bf8b79b276777a7cf58feab7" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":40737176,"asset_id":19010175,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/40737176/download_file?st=MTczMjQzMTA0NSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="5350040" href="https://istanbulc.academia.edu/GamzeSart">Gamze Sart</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="5350040" type="text/json">{"id":5350040,"first_name":"Gamze","last_name":"Sart","domain_name":"istanbulc","page_name":"GamzeSart","display_name":"Gamze Sart","profile_url":"https://istanbulc.academia.edu/GamzeSart?f_ri=74398","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/5350040/3697412/4333558/s65_gamze.sart.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_19010175 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="19010175"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 19010175, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_19010175", }); 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itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/44862299/GLOBAL_ECONOMY_A_KEY_TO_UNLOCK_ENTREPRENEURIAL_OPPORTUNITIES_AND_RESOLVE_CHALLENGES">GLOBAL ECONOMY : A KEY TO UNLOCK ENTREPRENEURIAL OPPORTUNITIES AND RESOLVE CHALLENGES</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Entrepreneurship is a prime activity for the economic growth of any country. It goes hand in hand with manufacturing and service industry. In fact, it works as a pillar to the economic and social welfare of the country. It also helps in... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_44862299" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Entrepreneurship is a prime activity for the economic growth of any country. It goes hand in hand with manufacturing and service industry. In fact, it works as a pillar to the economic and social welfare of the country. It also helps in wealth creation in the nation. It is an opportunity to identify the market need and exploit the available resource in such a way that drives to gain long-term economic benefits. Though, this adventurous activity is full of enthusiasm and there are a lot of challenges affecting the entrepreneurship. It is also wonderful to note that in today's swiftly changing global economy, Indian economy has a major role to play. Looking at the importance of the topic, the present paper will be developed with the objective of analyzing the entrepreneurial opportunities and challenges in globalizing Indian economy.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/44862299" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="ac4b6d53a68d530d83243d97a168a3df" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":65372548,"asset_id":44862299,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/65372548/download_file?st=MTczMjQzMTA0NSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="79772864" href="https://gvcte.academia.edu/PallaviSinghYadav">Pallavi Singh Yadav</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="79772864" type="text/json">{"id":79772864,"first_name":"Pallavi","last_name":"Singh Yadav","domain_name":"gvcte","page_name":"PallaviSinghYadav","display_name":"Pallavi Singh Yadav","profile_url":"https://gvcte.academia.edu/PallaviSinghYadav?f_ri=74398","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/79772864/21394568/33358145/s65_pallavi.singh_yadav.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_44862299 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="44862299"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 44862299, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_44862299", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=44862299]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_44862299").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_44862299").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="44862299"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">20</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="27" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Entrepreneurship">Entrepreneurship</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="27" type="text/json">{"id":27,"name":"Entrepreneurship","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Entrepreneurship?f_ri=74398","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="755" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Entrepreneurial_Economics">Entrepreneurial Economics</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="755" type="text/json">{"id":755,"name":"Entrepreneurial Economics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Entrepreneurial_Economics?f_ri=74398","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="9104" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Entrepreneurial_Finance">Entrepreneurial Finance</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="9104" type="text/json">{"id":9104,"name":"Entrepreneurial Finance","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Entrepreneurial_Finance?f_ri=74398","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="15247" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Academic_entrepreneurship">Academic entrepreneurship</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="15247" type="text/json">{"id":15247,"name":"Academic entrepreneurship","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Academic_entrepreneurship?f_ri=74398","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=44862299]'), work: {"id":44862299,"title":"GLOBAL ECONOMY : A KEY TO UNLOCK ENTREPRENEURIAL OPPORTUNITIES AND RESOLVE CHALLENGES","created_at":"2021-01-08T06:04:09.297-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/44862299/GLOBAL_ECONOMY_A_KEY_TO_UNLOCK_ENTREPRENEURIAL_OPPORTUNITIES_AND_RESOLVE_CHALLENGES?f_ri=74398","dom_id":"work_44862299","summary":"Entrepreneurship is a prime activity for the economic growth of any country. It goes hand in hand with manufacturing and service industry. In fact, it works as a pillar to the economic and social welfare of the country. It also helps in wealth creation in the nation. It is an opportunity to identify the market need and exploit the available resource in such a way that drives to gain long-term economic benefits. Though, this adventurous activity is full of enthusiasm and there are a lot of challenges affecting the entrepreneurship. It is also wonderful to note that in today's swiftly changing global economy, Indian economy has a major role to play. Looking at the importance of the topic, the present paper will be developed with the objective of analyzing the entrepreneurial opportunities and challenges in globalizing Indian economy.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":65372548,"asset_id":44862299,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":79772864,"first_name":"Pallavi","last_name":"Singh Yadav","domain_name":"gvcte","page_name":"PallaviSinghYadav","display_name":"Pallavi Singh Yadav","profile_url":"https://gvcte.academia.edu/PallaviSinghYadav?f_ri=74398","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/79772864/21394568/33358145/s65_pallavi.singh_yadav.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":27,"name":"Entrepreneurship","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Entrepreneurship?f_ri=74398","nofollow":false},{"id":755,"name":"Entrepreneurial Economics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Entrepreneurial_Economics?f_ri=74398","nofollow":false},{"id":9104,"name":"Entrepreneurial Finance","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Entrepreneurial_Finance?f_ri=74398","nofollow":false},{"id":15247,"name":"Academic entrepreneurship","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Academic_entrepreneurship?f_ri=74398","nofollow":false},{"id":16114,"name":"Technology Entrepreneurship","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Technology_Entrepreneurship?f_ri=74398"},{"id":23964,"name":"Global Entrepreneurship Monitor","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Global_Entrepreneurship_Monitor?f_ri=74398"},{"id":33800,"name":"THE ROLE OF ENTREPRENEURSHIP IN INNOVATION","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/THE_ROLE_OF_ENTREPRENEURSHIP_IN_INNOVATION?f_ri=74398"},{"id":62924,"name":"Entrepreneurship and Small business Management","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Entrepreneurship_and_Small_business_Management?f_ri=74398"},{"id":74398,"name":"International Entrepreneurship","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/International_Entrepreneurship?f_ri=74398"},{"id":74660,"name":"Small Business Policy Development and Entrepreneurship Development","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Small_Business_Policy_Development_and_Entrepreneurship_Development?f_ri=74398"},{"id":74994,"name":"Entrepreneurship Education","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Entrepreneurship_Education?f_ri=74398"},{"id":108997,"name":"Entrepreneurial self-efficacy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Entrepreneurial_self-efficacy?f_ri=74398"},{"id":121896,"name":"Entrepreneurshaip and wealth creation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Entrepreneurshaip_and_wealth_creation?f_ri=74398"},{"id":186228,"name":"Indian economy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Indian_economy?f_ri=74398"},{"id":331794,"name":"Global Economy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Global_Economy?f_ri=74398"},{"id":489888,"name":"Start-ups and Scalability in Entrepreneurial ventures","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Start-ups_and_Scalability_in_Entrepreneurial_ventures?f_ri=74398"},{"id":993784,"name":"Micro and Small Business Entrepreneurship","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Micro_and_Small_Business_Entrepreneurship?f_ri=74398"},{"id":1039093,"name":"Financing of Entrepreneurship and Innovation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Financing_of_Entrepreneurship_and_Innovation?f_ri=74398"},{"id":1770677,"name":"History of Entrepreneurship","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History_of_Entrepreneurship?f_ri=74398"},{"id":2791085,"name":"Entrepreneurship Challenges and Opportunities in India","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Entrepreneurship_Challenges_and_Opportunities_in_India?f_ri=74398"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_39554830" data-work_id="39554830" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/39554830/Underdog_Entrepreneurs_A_Framework_of_Success_for_Marginalized_and_Minority_Innovators">Underdog Entrepreneurs: A Framework of Success for Marginalized and Minority Innovators</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">"Entrepreneurship is challenging, whatever your background, in the current science- and technology-driven Western world. However, unlike traditionally dominant, native-born, white male entrepreneurs in Silicon Valley and elsewhere, those... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_39554830" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">"Entrepreneurship is challenging, whatever your background, in the current science- and technology-driven Western world. However, unlike traditionally dominant, native-born, white male entrepreneurs in Silicon Valley and elsewhere, those who face greater hurdles blocking their path to success primarily come from marginalized and minority groups, both real and self-perceived—including immigrants, refugees, women, blacks, Hispanics, and Asians. Despite their potential to innovate and add value in the global marketplace, they persistently struggle, or fail, because they lack the requisite code-breaking skills. This book helps these underdog entrepreneurs acquire those skills with actionable advice to achieve and sustain success.<br /><br />It proposes a framework that pinpoints what the author calls the outsider problem—that is, situations in which individuals are primarily disadvantaged because they lack access to networks that facilitate superior learning and performance outcomes. He completes the framework by incorporating personal qualities and strategies that can solve this problem.<br /><br />Along the way, Morgan distills insights and evidence from multiple fields, combined with a fresh look at the familiar stories of initially marginalized business leaders, such as Indra Nooyi, Jack Ma, Hilary Devey and Mike Lazaridis. He also shares the less known, but equally inspiring stories of others.<br /><br />This book will help readers thrive while transcending their underdog status."</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/39554830" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="9c27f9910bd56fa90b4cb4a3aba76a69" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":59706787,"asset_id":39554830,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/59706787/download_file?st=MTczMjQzMTA0NSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="35588128" href="https://majapasovic.academia.edu/HoratioMorgan">Horatio M Morgan</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="35588128" type="text/json">{"id":35588128,"first_name":"Horatio","last_name":"Morgan","domain_name":"majapasovic","page_name":"HoratioMorgan","display_name":"Horatio M Morgan","profile_url":"https://majapasovic.academia.edu/HoratioMorgan?f_ri=74398","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/35588128/10324873/67110674/s65_horatio.morgan.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_39554830 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="39554830"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 39554830, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_39554830", }); 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However, unlike traditionally dominant, native-born, white male entrepreneurs in Silicon Valley and elsewhere, those who face greater hurdles blocking their path to success primarily come from marginalized and minority groups, both real and self-perceived—including immigrants, refugees, women, blacks, Hispanics, and Asians. Despite their potential to innovate and add value in the global marketplace, they persistently struggle, or fail, because they lack the requisite code-breaking skills. This book helps these underdog entrepreneurs acquire those skills with actionable advice to achieve and sustain success.\n\nIt proposes a framework that pinpoints what the author calls the outsider problem—that is, situations in which individuals are primarily disadvantaged because they lack access to networks that facilitate superior learning and performance outcomes. He completes the framework by incorporating personal qualities and strategies that can solve this problem.\n\nAlong the way, Morgan distills insights and evidence from multiple fields, combined with a fresh look at the familiar stories of initially marginalized business leaders, such as Indra Nooyi, Jack Ma, Hilary Devey and Mike Lazaridis. He also shares the less known, but equally inspiring stories of others.\n\nThis book will help readers thrive while transcending their underdog status.\"\n","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":59706787,"asset_id":39554830,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":35588128,"first_name":"Horatio","last_name":"Morgan","domain_name":"majapasovic","page_name":"HoratioMorgan","display_name":"Horatio M Morgan","profile_url":"https://majapasovic.academia.edu/HoratioMorgan?f_ri=74398","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/35588128/10324873/67110674/s65_horatio.morgan.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":27,"name":"Entrepreneurship","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Entrepreneurship?f_ri=74398","nofollow":false},{"id":972,"name":"Self and Identity","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Self_and_Identity?f_ri=74398","nofollow":false},{"id":1233,"name":"Social Networks","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Social_Networks?f_ri=74398","nofollow":false},{"id":5910,"name":"Stereotypes","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Stereotypes?f_ri=74398","nofollow":false},{"id":17712,"name":"Science and Technology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Science_and_Technology?f_ri=74398"},{"id":32787,"name":"Immigrant Entrepreneurship","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Immigrant_Entrepreneurship?f_ri=74398"},{"id":63277,"name":"Stereotype Threat","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Stereotype_Threat?f_ri=74398"},{"id":74398,"name":"International Entrepreneurship","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/International_Entrepreneurship?f_ri=74398"},{"id":185571,"name":"Ethnic Minority Entrepreneurship","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ethnic_Minority_Entrepreneurship?f_ri=74398"},{"id":958400,"name":"Women Entreprenuership","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Women_Entreprenuership?f_ri=74398"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_7152237 coauthored" data-work_id="7152237" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/7152237/Uluslararas%C4%B1_giri%C5%9Fimcilik_ve_ihracat_pazar_performans%C4%B1_T%C3%BCrkiyedeki_ihracat%C3%A7%C4%B1_i%C5%9Fletmeler">Uluslararası girişimcilik ve ihracat pazar performansı: Türkiye'deki ihracatçı işletmeler</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" 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InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="407036" href="https://istanbul.academia.edu/G%C3%BCltekinAltunta%C5%9F">Gültekin Altuntaş</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="407036" type="text/json">{"id":407036,"first_name":"Gültekin","last_name":"Altuntaş","domain_name":"istanbul","page_name":"GültekinAltuntaş","display_name":"Gültekin Altuntaş","profile_url":"https://istanbul.academia.edu/G%C3%BCltekinAltunta%C5%9F?f_ri=74398","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/407036/127876/147730/s65_g_ltekin.altunta_.jpg"}</script></span></span><span class="u-displayInlineBlock InlineList-item-text"> and <span class="u-textDecorationUnderline u-clickable InlineList-item-text js-work-more-authors-7152237">+1</span><div class="hidden js-additional-users-7152237"><div><span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" 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href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/International_Entrepreneurship">International Entrepreneurship</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="74398" type="text/json">{"id":74398,"name":"International Entrepreneurship","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/International_Entrepreneurship?f_ri=74398","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="232685" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Export_Performance">Export Performance</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="232685" type="text/json">{"id":232685,"name":"Export Performance","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Export_Performance?f_ri=74398","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1397245" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Uluslararasi_Girisimcilik">Uluslararası Girişimcilik</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="1397245" type="text/json">{"id":1397245,"name":"Uluslararası 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class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">We integrate theories from international business, entrepreneurship, innovation, marketing and network economics to develop a four-part typology of ‘consumers as international entrepreneurs’. This broadens the concept of international... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_4456698" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">We integrate theories from international business, entrepreneurship, innovation, marketing and <br />network economics to develop a four-part typology of ‘consumers as international entrepreneurs’. This <br />broadens the concept of international entrepreneurship and complements the firm-level focus <br />customary in research on international new ventures and entrepreneurs within those ventures. We <br />develop our arguments in the context of the new economy and discuss areas for investigation in this <br />emerging area of inquiry.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/4456698" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="3edd494d602f59ab1b0c2eca6391656d" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":31866408,"asset_id":4456698,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/31866408/download_file?st=MTczMjQzMTA0NSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="5492217" href="https://cityu-hk.academia.edu/YantoChandra">Yanto Chandra</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="5492217" type="text/json">{"id":5492217,"first_name":"Yanto","last_name":"Chandra","domain_name":"cityu-hk","page_name":"YantoChandra","display_name":"Yanto Chandra","profile_url":"https://cityu-hk.academia.edu/YantoChandra?f_ri=74398","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/5492217/2409930/2804340/s65_yanto.chandra.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_4456698 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="4456698"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 4456698, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_4456698", }); 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We\r\ndevelop our arguments in the context of the new economy and discuss areas for investigation in this\r\nemerging area of inquiry.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":31866408,"asset_id":4456698,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":5492217,"first_name":"Yanto","last_name":"Chandra","domain_name":"cityu-hk","page_name":"YantoChandra","display_name":"Yanto Chandra","profile_url":"https://cityu-hk.academia.edu/YantoChandra?f_ri=74398","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/5492217/2409930/2804340/s65_yanto.chandra.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":27,"name":"Entrepreneurship","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Entrepreneurship?f_ri=74398","nofollow":false},{"id":2074,"name":"International Business","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/International_Business?f_ri=74398","nofollow":false},{"id":8218,"name":"Networks","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Networks?f_ri=74398","nofollow":false},{"id":9659,"name":"Internationalization","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Internationalization?f_ri=74398","nofollow":false},{"id":74398,"name":"International Entrepreneurship","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/International_Entrepreneurship?f_ri=74398"},{"id":226548,"name":"Opportunity Gap","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Opportunity_Gap?f_ri=74398"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_7748228" data-work_id="7748228" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/7748228/Research_Methodology_Firm_irmof_the_Field_Studies_on_the_Firm_Level_Internationalisation_in_Visegrad_Countries">Research Methodology Firm irmof the Field Studies on the Firm-Level Internationalisation in Visegrad Countries</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/7748228" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="3f651196bc572f4e5b2c6138aa18402c" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":34266263,"asset_id":7748228,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/34266263/download_file?st=MTczMjQzMTA0NSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="6187593" href="https://independent.academia.edu/KrzysztofWach">Krzysztof Wach</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="6187593" type="text/json">{"id":6187593,"first_name":"Krzysztof","last_name":"Wach","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"KrzysztofWach","display_name":"Krzysztof Wach","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/KrzysztofWach?f_ri=74398","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/6187593/2572881/2988337/s65_krzysztof.wach.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_7748228 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="7748228"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 7748228, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_7748228", }); 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Entrepreneurship center directors were surveyed (249 U.S. and 111 Global) about the various... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_12184040" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">This article fills a need in the entrepreneurship literature by investigating the finances of entrepreneurship centers throughout the world. Entrepreneurship center directors were surveyed (249 U.S. and 111 Global) about the various facets of their center’s finances. We received 174 responses for a 49% response rate (U.S. 49%, international 49%). We explore the financing of entrepreneurship centers and the relationship between U.S. and international centers. The results of this research project can be used as a benchmark for entrepreneurship center directors in understanding the financial challenges confronting their centers.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/12184040" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="d2ffb04637951d11e7e4248e1c219818" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":37479808,"asset_id":12184040,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/37479808/download_file?st=MTczMjQzMTA0NSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="30621627" href="https://gonzaga.academia.edu/TODDFINKLE">TODD A FINKLE</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="30621627" type="text/json">{"id":30621627,"first_name":"TODD","last_name":"FINKLE","domain_name":"gonzaga","page_name":"TODDFINKLE","display_name":"TODD A FINKLE","profile_url":"https://gonzaga.academia.edu/TODDFINKLE?f_ri=74398","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/30621627/8910281/114597676/s65_todd.finkle.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_12184040 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="12184040"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 12184040, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_12184040", }); 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Entrepreneurship center directors were surveyed (249 U.S. and 111 Global) about the various facets of their center’s finances. We received 174 responses for a 49% response rate (U.S. 49%, international 49%). We explore the financing of entrepreneurship centers and the relationship between U.S. and international centers. The results of this research project can be used as a benchmark for entrepreneurship center directors in understanding the financial challenges confronting their centers. ","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":37479808,"asset_id":12184040,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":30621627,"first_name":"TODD","last_name":"FINKLE","domain_name":"gonzaga","page_name":"TODDFINKLE","display_name":"TODD A FINKLE","profile_url":"https://gonzaga.academia.edu/TODDFINKLE?f_ri=74398","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/30621627/8910281/114597676/s65_todd.finkle.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":27,"name":"Entrepreneurship","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Entrepreneurship?f_ri=74398","nofollow":false},{"id":38,"name":"Management","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Management?f_ri=74398","nofollow":false},{"id":47,"name":"Finance","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Finance?f_ri=74398","nofollow":false},{"id":2621,"name":"Higher Education","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Higher_Education?f_ri=74398","nofollow":false},{"id":74398,"name":"International Entrepreneurship","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/International_Entrepreneurship?f_ri=74398"},{"id":85150,"name":"Global","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Global?f_ri=74398"},{"id":200295,"name":"Board of Directors","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Board_of_Directors?f_ri=74398"},{"id":243463,"name":"Opportunities","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Opportunities?f_ri=74398"},{"id":1039093,"name":"Financing of Entrepreneurship and Innovation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Financing_of_Entrepreneurship_and_Innovation?f_ri=74398"},{"id":1918758,"name":"Entrepreneurship Centers","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Entrepreneurship_Centers?f_ri=74398"},{"id":1918759,"name":"Entrepreneurship Education Trends","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Entrepreneurship_Education_Trends?f_ri=74398"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_39554798" data-work_id="39554798" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/39554798/Underdog_Entrepreneurs_A_Framework_of_Success_for_Marginalized_and_Minority_Innovators_Book_">Underdog Entrepreneurs: A Framework of Success for Marginalized and Minority Innovators (Book)</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">"Entrepreneurship is challenging, whatever your background, in the current science- and technology-driven Western world. However, unlike traditionally dominant, native-born, white male entrepreneurs in Silicon Valley and elsewhere, those... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_39554798" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">"Entrepreneurship is challenging, whatever your background, in the current science- and technology-driven Western world. However, unlike traditionally dominant, native-born, white male entrepreneurs in Silicon Valley and elsewhere, those who face greater hurdles blocking their path to success primarily come from marginalized and minority groups, both real and self-perceived—including immigrants, refugees, women, blacks, Hispanics, and Asians. Despite their potential to innovate and add value in the global marketplace, they persistently struggle, or fail, because they lack the requisite code-breaking skills. This book helps these underdog entrepreneurs acquire those skills with actionable advice to achieve and sustain success.<br /><br />It proposes a framework that pinpoints what the author calls the outsider problem—that is, situations in which individuals are primarily disadvantaged because they lack access to networks that facilitate superior learning and performance outcomes. He completes the framework by incorporating personal qualities and strategies that can solve this problem.<br /><br />Along the way, Morgan distills insights and evidence from multiple fields, combined with a fresh look at the familiar stories of initially marginalized business leaders, such as Indra Nooyi, Jack Ma, Hilary Devey and Mike Lazaridis. He also shares the less known, but equally inspiring stories of others.<br /><br />This book will help readers thrive while transcending their underdog status."</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/39554798" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="00aed82361ddb5d5525c5e7bc9f55fff" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":60584218,"asset_id":39554798,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/60584218/download_file?st=MTczMjQzMTA0NSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="35588128" href="https://majapasovic.academia.edu/HoratioMorgan">Horatio M Morgan</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="35588128" type="text/json">{"id":35588128,"first_name":"Horatio","last_name":"Morgan","domain_name":"majapasovic","page_name":"HoratioMorgan","display_name":"Horatio M Morgan","profile_url":"https://majapasovic.academia.edu/HoratioMorgan?f_ri=74398","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/35588128/10324873/67110674/s65_horatio.morgan.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_39554798 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="39554798"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 39554798, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_39554798", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=39554798]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_39554798").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_39554798").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="39554798"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">16</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="27" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Entrepreneurship">Entrepreneurship</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="27" type="text/json">{"id":27,"name":"Entrepreneurship","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Entrepreneurship?f_ri=74398","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="972" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Self_and_Identity">Self and Identity</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="972" type="text/json">{"id":972,"name":"Self and Identity","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Self_and_Identity?f_ri=74398","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1233" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Social_Networks">Social Networks</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="1233" type="text/json">{"id":1233,"name":"Social Networks","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Social_Networks?f_ri=74398","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="5910" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Stereotypes">Stereotypes</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="5910" type="text/json">{"id":5910,"name":"Stereotypes","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Stereotypes?f_ri=74398","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=39554798]'), work: {"id":39554798,"title":"Underdog Entrepreneurs: A Framework of Success for Marginalized and Minority Innovators (Book)","created_at":"2019-06-13T11:56:23.836-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/39554798/Underdog_Entrepreneurs_A_Framework_of_Success_for_Marginalized_and_Minority_Innovators_Book_?f_ri=74398","dom_id":"work_39554798","summary":"\"Entrepreneurship is challenging, whatever your background, in the current science- and technology-driven Western world. However, unlike traditionally dominant, native-born, white male entrepreneurs in Silicon Valley and elsewhere, those who face greater hurdles blocking their path to success primarily come from marginalized and minority groups, both real and self-perceived—including immigrants, refugees, women, blacks, Hispanics, and Asians. Despite their potential to innovate and add value in the global marketplace, they persistently struggle, or fail, because they lack the requisite code-breaking skills. This book helps these underdog entrepreneurs acquire those skills with actionable advice to achieve and sustain success.\n\nIt proposes a framework that pinpoints what the author calls the outsider problem—that is, situations in which individuals are primarily disadvantaged because they lack access to networks that facilitate superior learning and performance outcomes. He completes the framework by incorporating personal qualities and strategies that can solve this problem.\n\nAlong the way, Morgan distills insights and evidence from multiple fields, combined with a fresh look at the familiar stories of initially marginalized business leaders, such as Indra Nooyi, Jack Ma, Hilary Devey and Mike Lazaridis. He also shares the less known, but equally inspiring stories of others.\n\nThis book will help readers thrive while transcending their underdog status.\"\n","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":60584218,"asset_id":39554798,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":35588128,"first_name":"Horatio","last_name":"Morgan","domain_name":"majapasovic","page_name":"HoratioMorgan","display_name":"Horatio M Morgan","profile_url":"https://majapasovic.academia.edu/HoratioMorgan?f_ri=74398","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/35588128/10324873/67110674/s65_horatio.morgan.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":27,"name":"Entrepreneurship","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Entrepreneurship?f_ri=74398","nofollow":false},{"id":972,"name":"Self and Identity","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Self_and_Identity?f_ri=74398","nofollow":false},{"id":1233,"name":"Social Networks","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Social_Networks?f_ri=74398","nofollow":false},{"id":5910,"name":"Stereotypes","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Stereotypes?f_ri=74398","nofollow":false},{"id":24024,"name":"Innovation and Creativity (Business)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Innovation_and_Creativity_Business_?f_ri=74398"},{"id":28493,"name":"STEM Education","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/STEM_Education?f_ri=74398"},{"id":32787,"name":"Immigrant Entrepreneurship","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Immigrant_Entrepreneurship?f_ri=74398"},{"id":50494,"name":"Women's Entrepreneurship","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Womens_Entrepreneurship?f_ri=74398"},{"id":63277,"name":"Stereotype Threat","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Stereotype_Threat?f_ri=74398"},{"id":74398,"name":"International Entrepreneurship","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/International_Entrepreneurship?f_ri=74398"},{"id":130446,"name":"Social Skills","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Social_Skills?f_ri=74398"},{"id":185571,"name":"Ethnic Minority Entrepreneurship","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ethnic_Minority_Entrepreneurship?f_ri=74398"},{"id":259875,"name":"Business and Personal Development","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Business_and_Personal_Development?f_ri=74398"},{"id":379380,"name":"Political Skills","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Political_Skills?f_ri=74398"},{"id":996546,"name":"Minority Entrepreneurship","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Minority_Entrepreneurship?f_ri=74398"},{"id":1154080,"name":"Growth Mindset","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Growth_Mindset?f_ri=74398"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_12010207" data-work_id="12010207" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/12010207/Impact_of_Cultural_and_Social_Norms_on_Entrepreneurship_in_the_EU_Cross_Country_Evidence_base_d_on_GEM_Survey_Results">Impact of Cultural and Social Norms on Entrepreneurship in the EU: Cross -Country Evidence base d on GEM Survey Results</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">The links between culture and entrepreneurship are still not sufficiently well-established or explored. They started just a half of a century ago, even though the links between culture and capitalism are much older (more than 100 years... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_12010207" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">The links between culture and entrepreneurship are still not sufficiently well-established or explored. They started just a half of a century ago, even though the links between culture and capitalism are much older (more than 100 years old). Culture is one of the main determinants for the various entrepreneurial activities undertaken in different countries, nevertheless, it needs further exploring to yield a wider understanding of the role of the social aspects of entrepreneurship. This paper is rooted in the field of international entrepreneurship, a branch of which deals with the comparative perspective of entrepreneurship across countries and cultures. The main objective of the<br />paper is to explore the impact of cultural and social norms on entrepreneurship in the EU countries on the basis of the GEM data of the recent report of 2013. The results prove that the national entrepreneurial culture has a positive impact on entrepreneurship.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/12010207" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="78e85cdca646adde9be12df5da462610" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":37348843,"asset_id":12010207,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/37348843/download_file?st=MTczMjQzMTA0NSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="6187593" href="https://independent.academia.edu/KrzysztofWach">Krzysztof Wach</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="6187593" type="text/json">{"id":6187593,"first_name":"Krzysztof","last_name":"Wach","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"KrzysztofWach","display_name":"Krzysztof Wach","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/KrzysztofWach?f_ri=74398","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/6187593/2572881/2988337/s65_krzysztof.wach.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_12010207 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="12010207"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 12010207, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_12010207", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_12010207 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 12010207; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_12010207"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_12010207 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="12010207"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 12010207; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=12010207]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_12010207").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_12010207").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="12010207"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">3</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="27" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Entrepreneurship">Entrepreneurship</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="27" type="text/json">{"id":27,"name":"Entrepreneurship","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Entrepreneurship?f_ri=74398","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="74398" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/International_Entrepreneurship">International Entrepreneurship</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="74398" type="text/json">{"id":74398,"name":"International Entrepreneurship","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/International_Entrepreneurship?f_ri=74398","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="74660" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Small_Business_Policy_Development_and_Entrepreneurship_Development">Small Business Policy Development and Entrepreneurship Development</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="74660" type="text/json">{"id":74660,"name":"Small Business Policy Development and Entrepreneurship Development","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Small_Business_Policy_Development_and_Entrepreneurship_Development?f_ri=74398","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=12010207]'), work: {"id":12010207,"title":"Impact of Cultural and Social Norms on Entrepreneurship in the EU: Cross -Country Evidence base d on GEM Survey Results","created_at":"2015-04-19T06:23:32.008-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/12010207/Impact_of_Cultural_and_Social_Norms_on_Entrepreneurship_in_the_EU_Cross_Country_Evidence_base_d_on_GEM_Survey_Results?f_ri=74398","dom_id":"work_12010207","summary":"The links between culture and entrepreneurship are still not sufficiently well-established or explored. They started just a half of a century ago, even though the links between culture and capitalism are much older (more than 100 years old). Culture is one of the main determinants for the various entrepreneurial activities undertaken in different countries, nevertheless, it needs further exploring to yield a wider understanding of the role of the social aspects of entrepreneurship. This paper is rooted in the field of international entrepreneurship, a branch of which deals with the comparative perspective of entrepreneurship across countries and cultures. The main objective of the\npaper is to explore the impact of cultural and social norms on entrepreneurship in the EU countries on the basis of the GEM data of the recent report of 2013. The results prove that the national entrepreneurial culture has a positive impact on entrepreneurship.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":37348843,"asset_id":12010207,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":6187593,"first_name":"Krzysztof","last_name":"Wach","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"KrzysztofWach","display_name":"Krzysztof Wach","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/KrzysztofWach?f_ri=74398","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/6187593/2572881/2988337/s65_krzysztof.wach.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":27,"name":"Entrepreneurship","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Entrepreneurship?f_ri=74398","nofollow":false},{"id":74398,"name":"International Entrepreneurship","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/International_Entrepreneurship?f_ri=74398","nofollow":false},{"id":74660,"name":"Small Business Policy Development and Entrepreneurship Development","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Small_Business_Policy_Development_and_Entrepreneurship_Development?f_ri=74398","nofollow":false}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_16546144" data-work_id="16546144" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/16546144/SOSYAL_PS%C4%B0KOLOJ%C4%B0">SOSYAL PSİKOLOJİ</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">"Elinizdeki bu kitap, sosyal psikolojinin konularını en geniş kapsamıyla ele almakta, klasikleşmiş deneysel ve saha araştırmalarını en güncel bilimsel çalışmalarla harmanlamaktadır. Bu bakımdan, akademisyen ve öğrencilerin... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_16546144" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">"Elinizdeki bu kitap, sosyal psikolojinin konularını en geniş kapsamıyla ele almakta, klasikleşmiş deneysel ve saha araştırmalarını en güncel bilimsel çalışmalarla harmanlamaktadır. Bu bakımdan, akademisyen ve öğrencilerin yararlanabileceği eşsiz bir kaynaktır. Kitapta, sosyal psikoloji konuları bölüm bölüm ele alınmıştır; ilgili kavram, terim, kuram ve araştırmalar aktarılırken her bölüm kendi içinde bir bütünlük arz edecek şekilde akıcı bir öyküsel kurguyla ve dille yazılmıştır ayrıca bu kitap; tarihsel olaylarla, edebî ve felsefi metaforlarla zenginleştirilmiştir. <br />Ayrıca bu kapsamlı çalışma, sadece bilimsel bir disiplinin temel konularını okuyucuya aktarmakla kalmamakta, aynı zamanda savaş, açlık, çevre gibi gerçek dünya sorunlarının sosyal psikolojik boyutlarıyla ilgili çözüm önerileri de getirmektedir. Bu bakımdan elinizdeki kitap yalnızca bir ders kitabı değil, aynı zamanda sosyal psikolojiye ilgi duyan herkesin merakla okuyabileceği bir kitaptır."</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/16546144" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="5350040" href="https://istanbulc.academia.edu/GamzeSart">Gamze Sart</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="5350040" type="text/json">{"id":5350040,"first_name":"Gamze","last_name":"Sart","domain_name":"istanbulc","page_name":"GamzeSart","display_name":"Gamze Sart","profile_url":"https://istanbulc.academia.edu/GamzeSart?f_ri=74398","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/5350040/3697412/4333558/s65_gamze.sart.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_16546144 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="16546144"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 16546144, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_16546144", }); 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First, economic risk is a reality that can have an enormous impact on a small to medium-sized business. Secondly, payment structures... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_22671618" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">The story of Timko Export Management Co offers a number of lessons to international entrepreneurs. First, economic risk is a reality that can have an enormous impact on a small to medium-sized business. Secondly, payment structures involving cash transactions need to be placed into proper context. Timko should have required a deposit equivalent to the cost of the motorcycles.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/22671618" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="e2e13ae31fc15cf61cc045bf6631b97e" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":48479909,"asset_id":22671618,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/48479909/download_file?st=MTczMjQzMTA0NSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="30621627" href="https://gonzaga.academia.edu/TODDFINKLE">TODD A FINKLE</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="30621627" type="text/json">{"id":30621627,"first_name":"TODD","last_name":"FINKLE","domain_name":"gonzaga","page_name":"TODDFINKLE","display_name":"TODD A FINKLE","profile_url":"https://gonzaga.academia.edu/TODDFINKLE?f_ri=74398","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/30621627/8910281/114597676/s65_todd.finkle.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_22671618 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="22671618"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 22671618, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_22671618", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=22671618]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_22671618").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_22671618").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="22671618"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">5</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="27" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Entrepreneurship">Entrepreneurship</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="27" type="text/json">{"id":27,"name":"Entrepreneurship","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Entrepreneurship?f_ri=74398","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="8032" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cross-Cultural_Studies">Cross-Cultural Studies</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="8032" type="text/json">{"id":8032,"name":"Cross-Cultural Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cross-Cultural_Studies?f_ri=74398","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="12061" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Risk_Management">Risk Management</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="12061" type="text/json">{"id":12061,"name":"Risk Management","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Risk_Management?f_ri=74398","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="74398" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/International_Entrepreneurship">International Entrepreneurship</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="74398" type="text/json">{"id":74398,"name":"International Entrepreneurship","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/International_Entrepreneurship?f_ri=74398","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=22671618]'), work: {"id":22671618,"title":"Timko Export Management Company","created_at":"2016-03-01T22:16:55.533-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/22671618/Timko_Export_Management_Company?f_ri=74398","dom_id":"work_22671618","summary":"The story of Timko Export Management Co offers a number of lessons to international entrepreneurs. First, economic risk is a reality that can have an enormous impact on a small to medium-sized business. Secondly, payment structures involving cash transactions need to be placed into proper context. Timko should have required a deposit equivalent to the cost of the motorcycles.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":48479909,"asset_id":22671618,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":30621627,"first_name":"TODD","last_name":"FINKLE","domain_name":"gonzaga","page_name":"TODDFINKLE","display_name":"TODD A FINKLE","profile_url":"https://gonzaga.academia.edu/TODDFINKLE?f_ri=74398","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/30621627/8910281/114597676/s65_todd.finkle.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":27,"name":"Entrepreneurship","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Entrepreneurship?f_ri=74398","nofollow":false},{"id":8032,"name":"Cross-Cultural Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cross-Cultural_Studies?f_ri=74398","nofollow":false},{"id":12061,"name":"Risk Management","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Risk_Management?f_ri=74398","nofollow":false},{"id":74398,"name":"International Entrepreneurship","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/International_Entrepreneurship?f_ri=74398","nofollow":false},{"id":271890,"name":"Currency","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Currency?f_ri=74398"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_11372099" data-work_id="11372099" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/11372099/Geographic_Cultural_and_Psychic_Distance_to_Foreign_Markets_in_the_Context_of_Small_and_New_Ventures">Geographic, Cultural, and Psychic Distance to Foreign Markets in the Context of Small and New Ventures</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">More often than one might expect, small and new ventures, which already suffer from few resources and a lack of industry legitimacy, take on the additional uncertainties of entry into foreign markets. Some of these foreign entries involve... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_11372099" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">More often than one might expect, small and new ventures, which already suffer from few resources and a lack of industry legitimacy, take on the additional uncertainties of entry into foreign markets. Some of these foreign entries involve countries that are geographically distant and culturally different from the firm’s home country, making foreign market entry all the more difficult and uncertain. Recent studies have criticized prior academic approaches to understanding these difficulties. Insights may be limited if one uses merely the concept of distance and looks primarily for main effects. Entry by new and small ventures into distant foreign markets is complex, and the factors influencing it are interactive. The aim of this conceptual paper is to contribute to an understanding of the stability of the distance factors, and also the interactive effects between distance factors, market attractiveness, and network relationships, with particular attention to small and new ventures.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/11372099" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="169b7e8f2374be735016667a7ecbfd21" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":38691645,"asset_id":11372099,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/38691645/download_file?st=MTczMjQzMTA0NSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="346701" href="https://uwasa.academia.edu/ArtoOjala">Arto Ojala</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="346701" type="text/json">{"id":346701,"first_name":"Arto","last_name":"Ojala","domain_name":"uwasa","page_name":"ArtoOjala","display_name":"Arto Ojala","profile_url":"https://uwasa.academia.edu/ArtoOjala?f_ri=74398","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/346701/349921/17720789/s65_arto.ojala.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_11372099 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="11372099"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 11372099, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_11372099", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=11372099]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_11372099").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_11372099").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="11372099"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">9</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1233" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Social_Networks">Social Networks</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="1233" type="text/json">{"id":1233,"name":"Social Networks","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Social_Networks?f_ri=74398","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2074" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/International_Business">International Business</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="2074" type="text/json">{"id":2074,"name":"International Business","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/International_Business?f_ri=74398","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="10679" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/International_Marketing">International Marketing</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="10679" type="text/json">{"id":10679,"name":"International Marketing","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/International_Marketing?f_ri=74398","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="23873" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Small_and_Medium-scale_Enterprises">Small and Medium-scale Enterprises</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="23873" type="text/json">{"id":23873,"name":"Small and Medium-scale Enterprises","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Small_and_Medium-scale_Enterprises?f_ri=74398","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=11372099]'), work: {"id":11372099,"title":"Geographic, Cultural, and Psychic Distance to Foreign Markets in the Context of Small and New Ventures","created_at":"2015-03-11T07:09:26.401-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/11372099/Geographic_Cultural_and_Psychic_Distance_to_Foreign_Markets_in_the_Context_of_Small_and_New_Ventures?f_ri=74398","dom_id":"work_11372099","summary":"More often than one might expect, small and new ventures, which already suffer from few resources and a lack of industry legitimacy, take on the additional uncertainties of entry into foreign markets. Some of these foreign entries involve countries that are geographically distant and culturally different from the firm’s home country, making foreign market entry all the more difficult and uncertain. Recent studies have criticized prior academic approaches to understanding these difficulties. Insights may be limited if one uses merely the concept of distance and looks primarily for main effects. Entry by new and small ventures into distant foreign markets is complex, and the factors influencing it are interactive. The aim of this conceptual paper is to contribute to an understanding of the stability of the distance factors, and also the interactive effects between distance factors, market attractiveness, and network relationships, with particular attention to small and new ventures.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":38691645,"asset_id":11372099,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":346701,"first_name":"Arto","last_name":"Ojala","domain_name":"uwasa","page_name":"ArtoOjala","display_name":"Arto Ojala","profile_url":"https://uwasa.academia.edu/ArtoOjala?f_ri=74398","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/346701/349921/17720789/s65_arto.ojala.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":1233,"name":"Social Networks","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Social_Networks?f_ri=74398","nofollow":false},{"id":2074,"name":"International Business","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/International_Business?f_ri=74398","nofollow":false},{"id":10679,"name":"International Marketing","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/International_Marketing?f_ri=74398","nofollow":false},{"id":23873,"name":"Small and Medium-scale Enterprises","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Small_and_Medium-scale_Enterprises?f_ri=74398","nofollow":false},{"id":59056,"name":"Cultural Distance","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cultural_Distance?f_ri=74398"},{"id":74398,"name":"International Entrepreneurship","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/International_Entrepreneurship?f_ri=74398"},{"id":189811,"name":"Psychic distance","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Psychic_distance?f_ri=74398"},{"id":230573,"name":"Foreign Market Entry","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Foreign_Market_Entry?f_ri=74398"},{"id":322403,"name":"New ventures","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/New_ventures?f_ri=74398"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_49203153" data-work_id="49203153" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/49203153/The_evolution_of_the_Uppsala_model_Towards_non_linearity_of_internationalization_of_firms_1">The evolution of the Uppsala model: Towards non-linearity of internationalization of firms 1</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">The objective of the article is to synthesize the process of transforming the Uppsala model of internationalization of the firm from the original one of 1977 to the most up-to-date model of globalization of 2017. Research Design &... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_49203153" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">The objective of the article is to synthesize the process of transforming the Uppsala model of internationalization of the firm from the original one of 1977 to the most up-to-date model of globalization of 2017. Research Design & Methods: This article is based on a literature review-primary sources presenting the concepts of Johanson and Vahlne as the authors of the Uppsala models. Findings: This article discusses a total of seven models proposed by</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/49203153" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="7d2acaf22ce37b6838abdc78c9690a6f" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":67590520,"asset_id":49203153,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/67590520/download_file?st=MTczMjQzMTA0NSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="6187593" href="https://independent.academia.edu/KrzysztofWach">Krzysztof Wach</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="6187593" type="text/json">{"id":6187593,"first_name":"Krzysztof","last_name":"Wach","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"KrzysztofWach","display_name":"Krzysztof Wach","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/KrzysztofWach?f_ri=74398","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/6187593/2572881/2988337/s65_krzysztof.wach.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_49203153 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="49203153"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 49203153, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_49203153", }); 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Research Design \u0026 Methods: This article is based on a literature review-primary sources presenting the concepts of Johanson and Vahlne as the authors of the Uppsala models. Findings: This article discusses a total of seven models proposed by","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":67590520,"asset_id":49203153,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":6187593,"first_name":"Krzysztof","last_name":"Wach","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"KrzysztofWach","display_name":"Krzysztof Wach","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/KrzysztofWach?f_ri=74398","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/6187593/2572881/2988337/s65_krzysztof.wach.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":2074,"name":"International Business","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/International_Business?f_ri=74398","nofollow":false},{"id":16153,"name":"International Mangement","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/International_Mangement?f_ri=74398","nofollow":false},{"id":74398,"name":"International Entrepreneurship","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/International_Entrepreneurship?f_ri=74398","nofollow":false},{"id":77450,"name":"internationalization of SMEs","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/internationalization_of_SMEs?f_ri=74398","nofollow":false}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_19726391" data-work_id="19726391" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/19726391/Born_global_acquirers_from_Indian_IT_an_exploratory_case_study">Born global acquirers from Indian IT: an exploratory case study</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">The purpose of this paper is to examine the phenomenon of the born global firm (BGF) in the Indian context. Specifically, the paper explores firm-level characteristics (from the Indian IT industry) which act as initiating forces for firms... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_19726391" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">The purpose of this paper is to examine the phenomenon of the born global firm (BGF) in<br />the Indian context. Specifically, the paper explores firm-level characteristics (from the Indian IT<br />industry) which act as initiating forces for firms which have made cross-border acquisitions within<br />five years of incorporation.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/19726391" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="e964bc596293b77614481eb238f52aa8" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":40808435,"asset_id":19726391,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/40808435/download_file?st=MTczMjQzMTA0NSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="988502" href="https://du-in.academia.edu/SUMATIVARMA">SUMATI VARMA</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="988502" type="text/json">{"id":988502,"first_name":"SUMATI","last_name":"VARMA","domain_name":"du-in","page_name":"SUMATIVARMA","display_name":"SUMATI VARMA","profile_url":"https://du-in.academia.edu/SUMATIVARMA?f_ri=74398","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/988502/47746198/36475056/s65_sumati.varma.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_19726391 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="19726391"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 19726391, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_19726391", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=19726391]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_19726391").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_19726391").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="19726391"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">3</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="74398" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/International_Entrepreneurship">International Entrepreneurship</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="74398" type="text/json">{"id":74398,"name":"International Entrepreneurship","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/International_Entrepreneurship?f_ri=74398","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="388151" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Born_Global_firms">Born Global firms</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="388151" type="text/json">{"id":388151,"name":"Born Global firms","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Born_Global_firms?f_ri=74398","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1215333" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Indian_IT_Industry">Indian IT Industry</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="1215333" type="text/json">{"id":1215333,"name":"Indian IT Industry","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Indian_IT_Industry?f_ri=74398","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=19726391]'), work: {"id":19726391,"title":"Born global acquirers from Indian IT: an exploratory case study","created_at":"2015-12-18T07:15:16.650-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/19726391/Born_global_acquirers_from_Indian_IT_an_exploratory_case_study?f_ri=74398","dom_id":"work_19726391","summary":"The purpose of this paper is to examine the phenomenon of the born global firm (BGF) in\nthe Indian context. Specifically, the paper explores firm-level characteristics (from the Indian IT\nindustry) which act as initiating forces for firms which have made cross-border acquisitions within\nfive years of incorporation.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":40808435,"asset_id":19726391,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":988502,"first_name":"SUMATI","last_name":"VARMA","domain_name":"du-in","page_name":"SUMATIVARMA","display_name":"SUMATI VARMA","profile_url":"https://du-in.academia.edu/SUMATIVARMA?f_ri=74398","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/988502/47746198/36475056/s65_sumati.varma.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":74398,"name":"International Entrepreneurship","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/International_Entrepreneurship?f_ri=74398","nofollow":false},{"id":388151,"name":"Born Global firms","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Born_Global_firms?f_ri=74398","nofollow":false},{"id":1215333,"name":"Indian IT Industry","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Indian_IT_Industry?f_ri=74398","nofollow":false}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_14127697" data-work_id="14127697" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/14127697/Entrepreneurship_in_the_European_Union_Workbook_for_Students">Entrepreneurship in the European Union: Workbook for Students</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/14127697" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="ca4efbb7ee6afeac275fa9a3ec5aa0d9" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":38210538,"asset_id":14127697,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/38210538/download_file?st=MTczMjQzMTA0NSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="6187593" href="https://independent.academia.edu/KrzysztofWach">Krzysztof Wach</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="6187593" type="text/json">{"id":6187593,"first_name":"Krzysztof","last_name":"Wach","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"KrzysztofWach","display_name":"Krzysztof Wach","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/KrzysztofWach?f_ri=74398","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/6187593/2572881/2988337/s65_krzysztof.wach.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_14127697 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="14127697"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 14127697, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_14127697", }); 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Adım adım ve yalın bir şekilde inovasyonun nasıl geliştirilebileceği konusunda önemli sırlar ortaya koyuluyor. Bu kitap, özellikle teknoloji odaklı inovasyon... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_16899583" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">İnovasyonun On Tipi kitabı ile inovasyon yapmak isteyenlere reçete veriliyor. Adım adım ve yalın bir şekilde inovasyonun nasıl geliştirilebileceği konusunda önemli sırlar ortaya koyuluyor. Bu kitap, özellikle teknoloji odaklı inovasyon yapmak isteyenlere yapılan hataları da göstererek uygulama ortamı oluşturuyor. Yenilik ilkelerini verirken startupların ve hatta büyük kuruluşların anlamlı ve sürdürülebilir büyüme konusundaki donanımını artırıyor. 2000'den fazla başarılı yeniliğin ortaya çıkışında önemli içgörüler sağlıyor. <br />Bu kitabın anlatım tarzında özel bir algoritma uygulanarak anlamlı gruplar belirlendi. İnovasyon fırsatlarını belirlemek için firmaların iç ve dış büyüme parametreleri ve performans değerleri, rakiplerini de devreye alarak şekillendirildi. İnovasyon odaklı performansın artırılabilmesi, önemli değerlendirmeler yapılabilmesi için özel ve hazır yol haritaları sunuldu. Endüstriler için de inovasyon modellerini teşhis edip yeni bir anlayış ve yöntem geliştirme imkânı sunuluyor. <br />Çevrimsel araştırmanın altyapısını vererek farklı ve anlamlı değişim ve dönüşümü düşündürüp kalıcı ve kullanışlı yollar uygulatarak kitabın ne kadar değerli olduğunu kanıtlıyor. Eğer kurumunuzda anlamlı ve sürdürülebilir büyümeyi inovasyon odaklı gerçekleştirmek isterseniz yenilik ilkelerinin detaylı olarak anlatıldığı İnovasyonun On Tipi kitabını okuyun. <br />Bu kitabın yazarlarından Larry Keeley'in tecrübelerinden yararlanmak büyük bir fırsat. Kendisi BusinessWeek tarafından inovasyon alanındaki dünya görüşünü ve paradigmaları değiştiren, yedi yenilik gurusundan biri olarak seçilmiş olup Doblin firmasının kurucusudur. Diğer yazarlar ile birlikte inovasyonun tasarlanması ve sürdürülebilir kılınması konusunda dünya çapında pek çok girişimciyi, yöneticiyi, şirketleri ve startupları etkilemiştir.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/16899583" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="678d6714a538668b08a8836321920c2a" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":40816631,"asset_id":16899583,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/40816631/download_file?st=MTczMjQzMTA0NSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="5350040" href="https://istanbulc.academia.edu/GamzeSart">Gamze Sart</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="5350040" type="text/json">{"id":5350040,"first_name":"Gamze","last_name":"Sart","domain_name":"istanbulc","page_name":"GamzeSart","display_name":"Gamze Sart","profile_url":"https://istanbulc.academia.edu/GamzeSart?f_ri=74398","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/5350040/3697412/4333558/s65_gamze.sart.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_16899583 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="16899583"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 16899583, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_16899583", }); 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We explore the growth of shopping centre giant Westfield into one of Australia's most successful multinationals. We identify a series of firm-specific... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_198556" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">This chapter appeared in a book looking at outward investment by Australian firms. We explore the growth of shopping centre giant Westfield into one of Australia's most successful multinationals. We identify a series of firm-specific advantages the firm has leveraged into international markets. We argue that the firm benefitted from its experience of certain aspects of the Australian busienss environment, and that these have proven particularly transferable to the USA.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/198556" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="ee8e25cb56c64cfa165aeea7af063a00" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":515669,"asset_id":198556,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/515669/download_file?st=MTczMjQzMTA0NSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="86276" href="https://unimelb.academia.edu/AndreSammartino">Andre Sammartino</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="86276" type="text/json">{"id":86276,"first_name":"Andre","last_name":"Sammartino","domain_name":"unimelb","page_name":"AndreSammartino","display_name":"Andre Sammartino","profile_url":"https://unimelb.academia.edu/AndreSammartino?f_ri=74398","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/86276/24084/2164533/s65_andre.sammartino.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_198556 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="198556"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 198556, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_198556", }); 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});</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_7748200").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="7748200"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">4</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2074" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/International_Business">International Business</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="2074" type="text/json">{"id":2074,"name":"International Business","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/International_Business?f_ri=74398","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="55840" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Business_Management">Business Management</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="55840" type="text/json">{"id":55840,"name":"Business Management","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Business_Management?f_ri=74398","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="74398" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/International_Entrepreneurship">International Entrepreneurship</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="74398" type="text/json">{"id":74398,"name":"International Entrepreneurship","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/International_Entrepreneurship?f_ri=74398","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="102503" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Business_Strategy">Business Strategy</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="102503" type="text/json">{"id":102503,"name":"Business Strategy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Business_Strategy?f_ri=74398","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=7748200]'), work: {"id":7748200,"title":"International Strategies of Businesses: Some Evidence from Internationalised Polish Firms","created_at":"2014-07-22T07:52:33.516-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/7748200/International_Strategies_of_Businesses_Some_Evidence_from_Internationalised_Polish_Firms?f_ri=74398","dom_id":"work_7748200","summary":null,"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":34266228,"asset_id":7748200,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":6187593,"first_name":"Krzysztof","last_name":"Wach","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"KrzysztofWach","display_name":"Krzysztof Wach","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/KrzysztofWach?f_ri=74398","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/6187593/2572881/2988337/s65_krzysztof.wach.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":2074,"name":"International Business","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/International_Business?f_ri=74398","nofollow":false},{"id":55840,"name":"Business Management","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Business_Management?f_ri=74398","nofollow":false},{"id":74398,"name":"International Entrepreneurship","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/International_Entrepreneurship?f_ri=74398","nofollow":false},{"id":102503,"name":"Business Strategy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Business_Strategy?f_ri=74398","nofollow":false}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_42822802" data-work_id="42822802" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/42822802/Manufacturing_is_coming_home_Does_reshoring_improve_perceived_product_quality_open_access_">'Manufacturing is coming home': Does reshoring improve perceived product quality (open access)</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">OPEN ACCESS: <a href="https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/TQM-11-2019-0260/full/html" rel="nofollow">https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/TQM-11-2019-0260/full/html</a> Purpose Recently, many firms have reshored manufacturing activities back to their home countries to increase customer perceptions of product... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_42822802" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">OPEN ACCESS: <a href="https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/TQM-11-2019-0260/full/html" rel="nofollow">https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/TQM-11-2019-0260/full/html</a><br /><br />Purpose<br />Recently, many firms have reshored manufacturing activities back to their home countries to increase customer perceptions of product quality. However, there is no evidence that relocating production to the home country improves customer-perceived quality. This study intends to address this gap by assessing the variations between pre- and post-reshoring product quality, as perceived by domestic customers.<br />Design/methodology/approach<br />Data were collected through a questionnaire, which used the case of an Italian fashion brand that had reshored its manufacturing from Romania to Italy as the stimulus. Two analyses of the collected data (n = 399) were conducted, applying both 2 × 2 × 2 factorial design and partial least squares–structural equation modelling (PLS–SEM) multigroup analysis.<br />Findings<br />Reshoring increased the level of perceived product quality only for customers that both were aware of the firm’s past offshoring decision and had high levels of affective ethnocentrism. For all other customers, no significant variations between pre- and post-reshoring product quality were observed.<br />Research limitations/implications<br />This study challenges previous findings, revealing that only a minor share of customers perceived products to be of higher quality after reshoring.<br />Practical implications<br />Increasing customer-perceived quality may not be a sufficient motivation to select the reshoring strategy. In addition, when announcing reshoring strategies, producers should appeal to customers’ emotions and not use rational arguments about objective product quality.<br />Originality/value<br />This is the first study to assess variations between pre- and post-reshoring customer-perceived quality and to identify factors that explain such variations.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/42822802" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="38f97de749af1e8a7020054f0a38ba18" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":63054226,"asset_id":42822802,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/63054226/download_file?st=MTczMjQzMTA0NSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="24615386" href="https://univr.academia.edu/FabioCassia">Fabio Cassia</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="24615386" type="text/json">{"id":24615386,"first_name":"Fabio","last_name":"Cassia","domain_name":"univr","page_name":"FabioCassia","display_name":"Fabio Cassia","profile_url":"https://univr.academia.edu/FabioCassia?f_ri=74398","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/24615386/6657916/112541905/s65_fabio.cassia.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_42822802 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="42822802"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 42822802, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_42822802", }); 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However, there is no evidence that relocating production to the home country improves customer-perceived quality. This study intends to address this gap by assessing the variations between pre- and post-reshoring product quality, as perceived by domestic customers.\nDesign/methodology/approach\nData were collected through a questionnaire, which used the case of an Italian fashion brand that had reshored its manufacturing from Romania to Italy as the stimulus. Two analyses of the collected data (n = 399) were conducted, applying both 2 × 2 × 2 factorial design and partial least squares–structural equation modelling (PLS–SEM) multigroup analysis.\nFindings\nReshoring increased the level of perceived product quality only for customers that both were aware of the firm’s past offshoring decision and had high levels of affective ethnocentrism. For all other customers, no significant variations between pre- and post-reshoring product quality were observed.\nResearch limitations/implications\nThis study challenges previous findings, revealing that only a minor share of customers perceived products to be of higher quality after reshoring.\nPractical implications\nIncreasing customer-perceived quality may not be a sufficient motivation to select the reshoring strategy. In addition, when announcing reshoring strategies, producers should appeal to customers’ emotions and not use rational arguments about objective product quality.\nOriginality/value\nThis is the first study to assess variations between pre- and post-reshoring customer-perceived quality and to identify factors that explain such variations.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":63054226,"asset_id":42822802,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":24615386,"first_name":"Fabio","last_name":"Cassia","domain_name":"univr","page_name":"FabioCassia","display_name":"Fabio Cassia","profile_url":"https://univr.academia.edu/FabioCassia?f_ri=74398","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/24615386/6657916/112541905/s65_fabio.cassia.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":26,"name":"Business","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Business?f_ri=74398","nofollow":false},{"id":39,"name":"Marketing","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Marketing?f_ri=74398","nofollow":false},{"id":1335,"name":"Supply Chain Management","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Supply_Chain_Management?f_ri=74398","nofollow":false},{"id":1451,"name":"Quality Management","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Quality_Management?f_ri=74398","nofollow":false},{"id":1911,"name":"International Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/International_Studies?f_ri=74398"},{"id":2074,"name":"International Business","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/International_Business?f_ri=74398"},{"id":2436,"name":"Operations Management","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Operations_Management?f_ri=74398"},{"id":2979,"name":"Manufacturing","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Manufacturing?f_ri=74398"},{"id":5482,"name":"PLS (Partial Least Squares) Methods","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/PLS_Partial_Least_Squares_Methods?f_ri=74398"},{"id":5483,"name":"PLS Path Modeling","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/PLS_Path_Modeling?f_ri=74398"},{"id":10679,"name":"International Marketing","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/International_Marketing?f_ri=74398"},{"id":19625,"name":"Total Quality Management (TQM)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Total_Quality_Management_TQM_?f_ri=74398"},{"id":21895,"name":"Outsourcing","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Outsourcing?f_ri=74398"},{"id":23735,"name":"Branding","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Branding?f_ri=74398"},{"id":26200,"name":"Offshoring","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Offshoring?f_ri=74398"},{"id":68584,"name":"Ethnocentrism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ethnocentrism?f_ri=74398"},{"id":74398,"name":"International Entrepreneurship","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/International_Entrepreneurship?f_ri=74398"},{"id":1330713,"name":"Smart PLS","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Smart_PLS?f_ri=74398"},{"id":1490649,"name":"Reshoring","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Reshoring?f_ri=74398"},{"id":1754581,"name":"Foreign Markets","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Foreign_Markets?f_ri=74398"}]}, }) } 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class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/30149711/Entrepreneurship">Entrepreneurship</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">This ‘City on Cheese’ mobile restaurant business is not just any catchy name but with it comes an innovation for the target market here in Bangladesh who is looking for a way to grab cheesy flavors in their busy lives. Our business... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_30149711" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">This ‘City on Cheese’ mobile restaurant business is not just any catchy name but with it comes an innovation for the target market here in Bangladesh who is looking for a way to grab cheesy flavors in their busy lives. Our business targets these students and working-class people with a substantial benefit of a reasonable price and quality food directly transferred throughout Dhaka. Some of our respective members will be looking after the marketing initiatives including guerilla marketing strategy which suggests us to paint the location we are making stoppages in and have a ‘say cheese’ selfie counter for customers to take selfies together along with pronouncing those words. Our management body will look after hiring a quality chef with reasonable experience up in his sleeve. Moreover, financially, we are looking to get regular profits as there will be every year and because of such innovation from the marketing side and our regular profits on such food will make our business go booming in the coming years.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/30149711" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="0a342ee9ddd0c396657e4516843f4bf2" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":50607603,"asset_id":30149711,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/50607603/download_file?st=MTczMjQzMTA0NSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="22035548" href="https://bracu.academia.edu/Ruhul03">Ruhul Amin</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="22035548" type="text/json">{"id":22035548,"first_name":"Ruhul","last_name":"Amin","domain_name":"bracu","page_name":"Ruhul03","display_name":"Ruhul Amin","profile_url":"https://bracu.academia.edu/Ruhul03?f_ri=74398","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/22035548/6130953/110452002/s65_ruhul.amin.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_30149711 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="30149711"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 30149711, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_30149711", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_30149711 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 30149711; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_30149711"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_30149711 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="30149711"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 30149711; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=30149711]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_30149711").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_30149711").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="30149711"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">13</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="27" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Entrepreneurship">Entrepreneurship</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="27" type="text/json">{"id":27,"name":"Entrepreneurship","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Entrepreneurship?f_ri=74398","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1656" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Social_Entrepreneurship">Social Entrepreneurship</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="1656" type="text/json">{"id":1656,"name":"Social Entrepreneurship","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Social_Entrepreneurship?f_ri=74398","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="3823" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Corporate_Entrepreneurship">Corporate Entrepreneurship</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="3823" type="text/json">{"id":3823,"name":"Corporate Entrepreneurship","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Corporate_Entrepreneurship?f_ri=74398","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="3994" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Entrepreneurship_Policy">Entrepreneurship Policy</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="3994" type="text/json">{"id":3994,"name":"Entrepreneurship Policy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Entrepreneurship_Policy?f_ri=74398","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=30149711]'), work: {"id":30149711,"title":"Entrepreneurship","created_at":"2016-11-29T00:06:27.502-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/30149711/Entrepreneurship?f_ri=74398","dom_id":"work_30149711","summary":"This ‘City on Cheese’ mobile restaurant business is not just any catchy name but with it comes an innovation for the target market here in Bangladesh who is looking for a way to grab cheesy flavors in their busy lives. Our business targets these students and working-class people with a substantial benefit of a reasonable price and quality food directly transferred throughout Dhaka. Some of our respective members will be looking after the marketing initiatives including guerilla marketing strategy which suggests us to paint the location we are making stoppages in and have a ‘say cheese’ selfie counter for customers to take selfies together along with pronouncing those words. Our management body will look after hiring a quality chef with reasonable experience up in his sleeve. Moreover, financially, we are looking to get regular profits as there will be every year and because of such innovation from the marketing side and our regular profits on such food will make our business go booming in the coming years.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":50607603,"asset_id":30149711,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":22035548,"first_name":"Ruhul","last_name":"Amin","domain_name":"bracu","page_name":"Ruhul03","display_name":"Ruhul Amin","profile_url":"https://bracu.academia.edu/Ruhul03?f_ri=74398","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/22035548/6130953/110452002/s65_ruhul.amin.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":27,"name":"Entrepreneurship","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Entrepreneurship?f_ri=74398","nofollow":false},{"id":1656,"name":"Social Entrepreneurship","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Social_Entrepreneurship?f_ri=74398","nofollow":false},{"id":3823,"name":"Corporate Entrepreneurship","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Corporate_Entrepreneurship?f_ri=74398","nofollow":false},{"id":3994,"name":"Entrepreneurship Policy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Entrepreneurship_Policy?f_ri=74398","nofollow":false},{"id":15247,"name":"Academic entrepreneurship","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Academic_entrepreneurship?f_ri=74398"},{"id":33800,"name":"THE ROLE OF ENTREPRENEURSHIP IN INNOVATION","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/THE_ROLE_OF_ENTREPRENEURSHIP_IN_INNOVATION?f_ri=74398"},{"id":58507,"name":"Entrepreneurship Education in Universities","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Entrepreneurship_Education_in_Universities?f_ri=74398"},{"id":62924,"name":"Entrepreneurship and Small business Management","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Entrepreneurship_and_Small_business_Management?f_ri=74398"},{"id":74398,"name":"International Entrepreneurship","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/International_Entrepreneurship?f_ri=74398"},{"id":74660,"name":"Small Business Policy Development and Entrepreneurship Development","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Small_Business_Policy_Development_and_Entrepreneurship_Development?f_ri=74398"},{"id":74994,"name":"Entrepreneurship Education","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Entrepreneurship_Education?f_ri=74398"},{"id":993784,"name":"Micro and Small Business Entrepreneurship","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Micro_and_Small_Business_Entrepreneurship?f_ri=74398"},{"id":2578257,"name":"PRINCIPLES OF ENTREPRENEURSHIP","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/PRINCIPLES_OF_ENTREPRENEURSHIP?f_ri=74398"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_23324909" data-work_id="23324909" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/23324909/Entrepreneuriat_international_R%C3%A9flexion_sur_la_structuration_d_un_champ_d_%C3%A9tude_en_%C3%A9mergence">Entrepreneuriat international - Réflexion sur la structuration d’un champ d’étude en émergence</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">L’accentuation de l’internationalisation précoce et rapide des entreprises nous pousse vers une réflexion sur la structuration d’un champ d’étude en émergence : l’entrepreneuriat international. Après en avoir retracé l’évolution,... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_23324909" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">L’accentuation de l’internationalisation précoce et rapide des entreprises nous pousse vers une réflexion sur la structuration d’un champ d’étude en émergence : l’entrepreneuriat international. Après en avoir retracé l’évolution, l’objectif du présent rapport est d’analyser, de catégoriser, puis de synthétiser les résultats empiriques publiés sur ce phénomène pour ainsi en accroître notre compréhension en termes de causes et de facteurs d’influence, de comportements, de processus et de facteurs de performance. À la lumière de cette étude, nous proposons des pistes de recherche pour consolider et développer le champ de l’entrepreneuriat international.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/23324909" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="a5954bdf6788eec83461971bdc5213c0" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":43783415,"asset_id":23324909,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/43783415/download_file?st=MTczMjQzMTA0NSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="45230663" href="https://independent.academia.edu/VeilleuxSophie">Sophie Veilleux</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="45230663" type="text/json">{"id":45230663,"first_name":"Sophie","last_name":"Veilleux","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"VeilleuxSophie","display_name":"Sophie Veilleux","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/VeilleuxSophie?f_ri=74398","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/45230663/12065182/13440759/s65_sophie.veilleux.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_23324909 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="23324909"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 23324909, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_23324909", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_23324909 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 23324909; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_23324909"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_23324909 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="23324909"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 23324909; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=23324909]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_23324909").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_23324909").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="23324909"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i></div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl6x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="74398" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/International_Entrepreneurship">International Entrepreneurship</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="74398" type="text/json">{"id":74398,"name":"International Entrepreneurship","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/International_Entrepreneurship?f_ri=74398","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (false) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=23324909]'), work: {"id":23324909,"title":"Entrepreneuriat international - Réflexion sur la structuration d’un champ d’étude en émergence","created_at":"2016-03-16T07:23:16.466-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/23324909/Entrepreneuriat_international_R%C3%A9flexion_sur_la_structuration_d_un_champ_d_%C3%A9tude_en_%C3%A9mergence?f_ri=74398","dom_id":"work_23324909","summary":"L’accentuation de l’internationalisation précoce et rapide des entreprises nous pousse vers une réflexion sur la structuration d’un champ d’étude en émergence : l’entrepreneuriat international. Après en avoir retracé l’évolution, l’objectif du présent rapport est d’analyser, de catégoriser, puis de synthétiser les résultats empiriques publiés sur ce phénomène pour ainsi en accroître notre compréhension en termes de causes et de facteurs d’influence, de comportements, de processus et de facteurs de performance. À la lumière de cette étude, nous proposons des pistes de recherche pour consolider et développer le champ de l’entrepreneuriat international.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":43783415,"asset_id":23324909,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":45230663,"first_name":"Sophie","last_name":"Veilleux","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"VeilleuxSophie","display_name":"Sophie Veilleux","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/VeilleuxSophie?f_ri=74398","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/45230663/12065182/13440759/s65_sophie.veilleux.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":74398,"name":"International Entrepreneurship","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/International_Entrepreneurship?f_ri=74398","nofollow":false}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_31754869 coauthored" data-work_id="31754869" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/31754869/The_International_Environment_and_Its_Influence_on_the_Entrepreneurial_Internationalization_of_Firms_The_Case_of_Polish_Businesses">The International Environment and Its Influence on the Entrepreneurial Internationalization of Firms: The Case of Polish Businesses</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">The article focuses on the international environment, which is one of the main variables in the inter-nationalization process of firms from the perspective of international entrepreneurship. The main goal of this study is the... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_31754869" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">The article focuses on the international environment, which is one of the main variables in the inter-nationalization process of firms from the perspective of international entrepreneurship. The main goal of this study is the identification of the key factors in the internationalization of the firms, inherent in the international environment, and the exploration of the impact of these factors on the process of the internationalization of Polish firms. The paper presents the partial results of asurvey based on asample of 355 companies operating in Poland. The questionnaire was completed in 2015 as apart of the OPUS 4 project as carried out at the Cracow University of Economics. Using information from Polish companies , the study finds that pull factors have a positive influence on the level of internationalization of the examined businesses. Production companies are the main beneficiaries of the internationalization process and Polish born globals take advantage of their adjustments to the ecology. The results presented in the article are just astarting point for further analyses, including not only the simple seven-dimensional PLESCET approach, but also the process of organizational learning, the accumulation of knowledge coming from the environment, and the taking advantage of environmental opportunities.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/31754869" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="b6adb211a44affe5648ad27b3bab4911" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":52061723,"asset_id":31754869,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/52061723/download_file?st=MTczMjQzMTA0NSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="6187593" href="https://independent.academia.edu/KrzysztofWach">Krzysztof Wach</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="6187593" type="text/json">{"id":6187593,"first_name":"Krzysztof","last_name":"Wach","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"KrzysztofWach","display_name":"Krzysztof Wach","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/KrzysztofWach?f_ri=74398","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/6187593/2572881/2988337/s65_krzysztof.wach.jpg"}</script></span></span><span class="u-displayInlineBlock InlineList-item-text"> and <span class="u-textDecorationUnderline u-clickable InlineList-item-text js-work-more-authors-31754869">+2</span><div class="hidden js-additional-users-31754869"><div><span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a href="https://cvcentrum.academia.edu/AgnieszkaG%C5%82odowska">Agnieszka Głodowska</a></span></div><div><span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a href="https://uek-krakow.academia.edu/Bo%C5%BCenaPera">Bożena Pera</a></span></div></div></span><script>(function(){ var popoverSettings = { el: $('.js-work-more-authors-31754869'), placement: 'bottom', hide_delay: 200, html: true, content: function(){ return $('.js-additional-users-31754869').html(); 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Entrepreneurship","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/International_Entrepreneurship?f_ri=74398","nofollow":false}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_24983960" data-work_id="24983960" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/24983960/A_comparison_of_international_and_domestic_new_ventures">A comparison of international and domestic new ventures</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/24983960" data-share-source="work_strip" 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coauthored" data-work_id="39099472" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/39099472/Gradual_Internationalisation_versus_Born_Global_Models_A_Review_and_Research_Agenda">Gradual Internationalisation versus Born Global Models: A Review and Research Agenda</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">If you would like to write for this, or any other Emerald publication, then please use our Emerald for Authors service information about how to choose which publication to write for and submission guidelines are available for all. Please... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_39099472" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">If you would like to write for this, or any other Emerald publication, then please use our Emerald for Authors service information about how to choose which publication to write for and submission guidelines are available for all. Please visit <a href="http://www.emeraldinsight.com/authors" rel="nofollow">www.emeraldinsight.com/authors</a> for more information. About Emerald <a href="http://www.emeraldinsight.com" rel="nofollow">www.emeraldinsight.com</a> Emerald is a global publisher linking research and practice to the benefit of society. The company manages a portfolio of more than 290 journals and over 2,350 books and book series volumes, as well as providing an extensive range of online products and additional customer resources and services. Emerald is both COUNTER 4 and TRANSFER compliant. The organization is a partner of the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE) and also works with Portico and the LOCKSS initiative for digital archive preservation. Abstract Purpose-During the last two decades, studies on the theoretical models in the area of international business (IB), such as gradual internationalization and the born-global firms, have gained the attention of researchers. The purpose of this paper is to critically review the studies on the process of internationalization (Gradual Internationalization vs Born-Global/International new venture models) to identify the research gaps in this area and to prepare a future research agenda. Design/methodology/approach-Systematic literature review method was employed for this review. The authors highlight the findings from prior studies, compare and contrast salient characteristics and features, based on the articles published in journals with an impact factor score of at least 1.0, and provide directions for research. Findings-The authors find that there are several areas that were under-explored in prior research. There is a great potential for theoretical extension and theory development in this field as it covers the tenets of four subjects: IB, marketing, strategic management and entrepreneurship. Originality/value-There is no comprehensive/integrated review exploring the methods/variables and constructs used in prior studies integrating gradual internationalization/born-global models based on all the articles published in well-regarded academic journals. This review seeks to provide deeper insights, which help us to contribute toward the development of this research field.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/39099472" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="cafaf854ea5d1e41dfc6d2a122852a3a" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":60552317,"asset_id":39099472,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/60552317/download_file?st=MTczMjQzMTA0NSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="918502" href="https://uprro.academia.edu/JustinPaul">Justin Paul</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="918502" type="text/json">{"id":918502,"first_name":"Justin","last_name":"Paul","domain_name":"uprro","page_name":"JustinPaul","display_name":"Justin Paul","profile_url":"https://uprro.academia.edu/JustinPaul?f_ri=74398","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/918502/342219/406428/s65_justin.paul.jpg"}</script></span></span><span class="u-displayInlineBlock InlineList-item-text"> and <span class="u-textDecorationUnderline u-clickable InlineList-item-text js-work-more-authors-39099472">+1</span><div class="hidden js-additional-users-39099472"><div><span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a href="https://inter.academia.edu/A_Rosado">Alexander Rosado-Serrano</a></span></div></div></span><script>(function(){ var popoverSettings = { el: $('.js-work-more-authors-39099472'), placement: 'bottom', hide_delay: 200, html: true, content: function(){ return $('.js-additional-users-39099472').html(); 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container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_39099472 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="39099472"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 39099472; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=39099472]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_39099472").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_39099472").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="39099472"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">5</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="797" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/International_Relations">International Relations</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="797" type="text/json">{"id":797,"name":"International Relations","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/International_Relations?f_ri=74398","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2074" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/International_Business">International Business</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="2074" type="text/json">{"id":2074,"name":"International Business","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/International_Business?f_ri=74398","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="10679" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/International_Marketing">International Marketing</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="10679" type="text/json">{"id":10679,"name":"International Marketing","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/International_Marketing?f_ri=74398","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="74398" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/International_Entrepreneurship">International Entrepreneurship</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="74398" type="text/json">{"id":74398,"name":"International Entrepreneurship","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/International_Entrepreneurship?f_ri=74398","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=39099472]'), work: {"id":39099472,"title":"Gradual Internationalisation versus Born Global Models: A Review and Research Agenda","created_at":"2019-05-11T21:02:20.061-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/39099472/Gradual_Internationalisation_versus_Born_Global_Models_A_Review_and_Research_Agenda?f_ri=74398","dom_id":"work_39099472","summary":"If you would like to write for this, or any other Emerald publication, then please use our Emerald for Authors service information about how to choose which publication to write for and submission guidelines are available for all. Please visit www.emeraldinsight.com/authors for more information. About Emerald www.emeraldinsight.com Emerald is a global publisher linking research and practice to the benefit of society. The company manages a portfolio of more than 290 journals and over 2,350 books and book series volumes, as well as providing an extensive range of online products and additional customer resources and services. Emerald is both COUNTER 4 and TRANSFER compliant. The organization is a partner of the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE) and also works with Portico and the LOCKSS initiative for digital archive preservation. Abstract Purpose-During the last two decades, studies on the theoretical models in the area of international business (IB), such as gradual internationalization and the born-global firms, have gained the attention of researchers. The purpose of this paper is to critically review the studies on the process of internationalization (Gradual Internationalization vs Born-Global/International new venture models) to identify the research gaps in this area and to prepare a future research agenda. Design/methodology/approach-Systematic literature review method was employed for this review. The authors highlight the findings from prior studies, compare and contrast salient characteristics and features, based on the articles published in journals with an impact factor score of at least 1.0, and provide directions for research. Findings-The authors find that there are several areas that were under-explored in prior research. There is a great potential for theoretical extension and theory development in this field as it covers the tenets of four subjects: IB, marketing, strategic management and entrepreneurship. Originality/value-There is no comprehensive/integrated review exploring the methods/variables and constructs used in prior studies integrating gradual internationalization/born-global models based on all the articles published in well-regarded academic journals. This review seeks to provide deeper insights, which help us to contribute toward the development of this research field.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":60552317,"asset_id":39099472,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":918502,"first_name":"Justin","last_name":"Paul","domain_name":"uprro","page_name":"JustinPaul","display_name":"Justin Paul","profile_url":"https://uprro.academia.edu/JustinPaul?f_ri=74398","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/918502/342219/406428/s65_justin.paul.jpg"},{"id":5360495,"first_name":"Alexander","last_name":"Rosado-Serrano","domain_name":"inter","page_name":"A_Rosado","display_name":"Alexander Rosado-Serrano","profile_url":"https://inter.academia.edu/A_Rosado?f_ri=74398","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":797,"name":"International Relations","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/International_Relations?f_ri=74398","nofollow":false},{"id":2074,"name":"International Business","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/International_Business?f_ri=74398","nofollow":false},{"id":10679,"name":"International Marketing","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/International_Marketing?f_ri=74398","nofollow":false},{"id":74398,"name":"International Entrepreneurship","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/International_Entrepreneurship?f_ri=74398","nofollow":false},{"id":879191,"name":"International \u0026 Intercultural Communication/Marketing","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/International_and_Intercultural_Communication_Marketing?f_ri=74398"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_33672659" data-work_id="33672659" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/33672659/INTERNATIONAL_PRICING_STRATEGIES_OF_HIGH_TECH_START_UP_FIRMS">INTERNATIONAL PRICING STRATEGIES OF HIGH-TECH START-UP FIRMS</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Purpose: This paper aims to understand how high-tech start-up firms from small and open economies develop and optimise their international pricing strategies and models. The paper proposes modelling a pricing strategy process and... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_33672659" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Purpose: This paper aims to understand how high-tech start-up firms from small and open economies develop and optimise their international pricing strategies and models. The paper proposes modelling a pricing strategy process and outlining why and how leadership is important throughout the pricing process. The study aims to expand the study of international entrepreneurship and global firms by including a broader and deeper range of pricing aspects than is normally found in the international entrepreneurship and pricing literature. Design/methodology/approach: The paper opted for a multiple case-study research design using different sources of evidence, including four in-depth interviews with CEOs of high-tech start-up firms. The case-study firms were selected using a purposive selection method. The interviews were conducted in December 2016 at the corporate headquarters of companies. The data was analysed using grounded theory to develop categories and to understand consistencies and differences. The theoretical framework of Ingenbleek, Frambach & Verhallen (2013) is used to analyse the pricing strategies of the case study firms. Findings: The paper provides empirical insights about how high-tech start-up firms from small and open economies develop and optimise their international price-setting strategies and models. It suggests that successful leaders act as 'integrating forces' on two levels: by applying a structured and disciplined price-setting process with regular reviews and by mediating between corporate financial goals and the local market reality. Research/practical implications: The results are relevant for researchers and policy makers who support activities that promote engagement into entrepreneurial activity. The results support that claim that policy makers should offer insights, training and financial support to give promising high-tech start-up firms the possibility to select the most efficient international pricing models and strategies. The results are relevant for entrepreneurs to understand the importance of efficient price-modelling processes, including regular price reviews, and the influence of the different price strategies and price models on financial results and sales revenues. Originality/value: This paper fulfils an identified need to study how high-tech start-up firms from small and open economies develop and optimise their international pricing strategies and models.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/33672659" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="0027d80dd0adfbb875dfe6b7e0193374" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":53815883,"asset_id":33672659,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/53815883/download_file?st=MTczMjQzMTA0NSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="5466297" href="https://eim.academia.edu/MichaelNeubert">Michael Neubert</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="5466297" type="text/json">{"id":5466297,"first_name":"Michael","last_name":"Neubert","domain_name":"eim","page_name":"MichaelNeubert","display_name":"Michael Neubert","profile_url":"https://eim.academia.edu/MichaelNeubert?f_ri=74398","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/5466297/13895750/69927150/s65_michael.neubert.jpeg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_33672659 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="33672659"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 33672659, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_33672659", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=33672659]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_33672659").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_33672659").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="33672659"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">6</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2074" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/International_Business">International Business</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="2074" type="text/json">{"id":2074,"name":"International Business","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/International_Business?f_ri=74398","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="55977" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Pricing">Pricing</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="55977" type="text/json">{"id":55977,"name":"Pricing","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Pricing?f_ri=74398","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="74398" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/International_Entrepreneurship">International Entrepreneurship</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="74398" type="text/json">{"id":74398,"name":"International Entrepreneurship","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/International_Entrepreneurship?f_ri=74398","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="128227" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Global_Marketing">Global Marketing</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="128227" type="text/json">{"id":128227,"name":"Global Marketing","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Global_Marketing?f_ri=74398","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=33672659]'), work: {"id":33672659,"title":"INTERNATIONAL PRICING STRATEGIES OF HIGH-TECH START-UP FIRMS","created_at":"2017-06-27T07:36:24.879-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/33672659/INTERNATIONAL_PRICING_STRATEGIES_OF_HIGH_TECH_START_UP_FIRMS?f_ri=74398","dom_id":"work_33672659","summary":"Purpose: This paper aims to understand how high-tech start-up firms from small and open economies develop and optimise their international pricing strategies and models. The paper proposes modelling a pricing strategy process and outlining why and how leadership is important throughout the pricing process. The study aims to expand the study of international entrepreneurship and global firms by including a broader and deeper range of pricing aspects than is normally found in the international entrepreneurship and pricing literature. Design/methodology/approach: The paper opted for a multiple case-study research design using different sources of evidence, including four in-depth interviews with CEOs of high-tech start-up firms. The case-study firms were selected using a purposive selection method. The interviews were conducted in December 2016 at the corporate headquarters of companies. The data was analysed using grounded theory to develop categories and to understand consistencies and differences. The theoretical framework of Ingenbleek, Frambach \u0026 Verhallen (2013) is used to analyse the pricing strategies of the case study firms. Findings: The paper provides empirical insights about how high-tech start-up firms from small and open economies develop and optimise their international price-setting strategies and models. It suggests that successful leaders act as 'integrating forces' on two levels: by applying a structured and disciplined price-setting process with regular reviews and by mediating between corporate financial goals and the local market reality. Research/practical implications: The results are relevant for researchers and policy makers who support activities that promote engagement into entrepreneurial activity. The results support that claim that policy makers should offer insights, training and financial support to give promising high-tech start-up firms the possibility to select the most efficient international pricing models and strategies. The results are relevant for entrepreneurs to understand the importance of efficient price-modelling processes, including regular price reviews, and the influence of the different price strategies and price models on financial results and sales revenues. Originality/value: This paper fulfils an identified need to study how high-tech start-up firms from small and open economies develop and optimise their international pricing strategies and models.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":53815883,"asset_id":33672659,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false},{"id":53678408,"asset_id":33672659,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":5466297,"first_name":"Michael","last_name":"Neubert","domain_name":"eim","page_name":"MichaelNeubert","display_name":"Michael Neubert","profile_url":"https://eim.academia.edu/MichaelNeubert?f_ri=74398","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/5466297/13895750/69927150/s65_michael.neubert.jpeg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":2074,"name":"International Business","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/International_Business?f_ri=74398","nofollow":false},{"id":55977,"name":"Pricing","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Pricing?f_ri=74398","nofollow":false},{"id":74398,"name":"International Entrepreneurship","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/International_Entrepreneurship?f_ri=74398","nofollow":false},{"id":128227,"name":"Global Marketing","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Global_Marketing?f_ri=74398","nofollow":false},{"id":396052,"name":"Pricing Strategy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Pricing_Strategy?f_ri=74398"},{"id":489888,"name":"Start-ups and Scalability in Entrepreneurial ventures","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Start-ups_and_Scalability_in_Entrepreneurial_ventures?f_ri=74398"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_2188405" data-work_id="2188405" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/2188405/Born_Globals_Among_the_Malaysian_SMEs_Mediating_Effect_of_Marketing_Competencies_on_Foreign_Market_Performance">Born Globals Among the Malaysian SMEs: Mediating Effect of Marketing Competencies on Foreign Market Performance</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/2188405" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="43b76a4729bc573faf010b793275ffe6" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":30874310,"asset_id":2188405,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/30874310/download_file?st=MTczMjQzMTA0NSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="582385" href="https://apuniversity.academia.edu/ProfDrMohammadFalahat">Prof Dr. Mohammad Falahat</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="582385" type="text/json">{"id":582385,"first_name":"Prof Dr. Mohammad","last_name":"Falahat","domain_name":"apuniversity","page_name":"ProfDrMohammadFalahat","display_name":"Prof Dr. Mohammad Falahat","profile_url":"https://apuniversity.academia.edu/ProfDrMohammadFalahat?f_ri=74398","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/582385/916982/39933201/s65_dr.mohammad.falahat.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_2188405 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="2188405"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 2188405, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_2188405", }); 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In the current ultra-competitive business environment, SMEs face... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_40085965" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Scholars have long studied small-and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) and recognize the need for SMEs to postulate strategies to compete and succeed in the global market. In the current ultra-competitive business environment, SMEs face several internal and external challenges. In this introduction to the special issue (SI), we review the theoretical models and frameworks in this stream of research and outline some research questions that could be potentially used in future research in this era of globalization. The six papers selected for inclusion in this SI analyze this field from different angles, offering interesting overviews on the present situation of research in the field, as well as relevant new findings and perspectives for future research.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/40085965" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="87aa626361246e7be2515e1dda70a6d8" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":60293408,"asset_id":40085965,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/60293408/download_file?st=MTczMjQzMTA0NSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="918502" href="https://uprro.academia.edu/JustinPaul">Justin Paul</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="918502" type="text/json">{"id":918502,"first_name":"Justin","last_name":"Paul","domain_name":"uprro","page_name":"JustinPaul","display_name":"Justin Paul","profile_url":"https://uprro.academia.edu/JustinPaul?f_ri=74398","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/918502/342219/406428/s65_justin.paul.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_40085965 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="40085965"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 40085965, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_40085965", }); 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The six papers selected for inclusion in this SI analyze this field from different angles, offering interesting overviews on the present situation of research in the field, as well as relevant new findings and perspectives for future research.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":60293408,"asset_id":40085965,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":918502,"first_name":"Justin","last_name":"Paul","domain_name":"uprro","page_name":"JustinPaul","display_name":"Justin Paul","profile_url":"https://uprro.academia.edu/JustinPaul?f_ri=74398","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/918502/342219/406428/s65_justin.paul.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":27,"name":"Entrepreneurship","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Entrepreneurship?f_ri=74398","nofollow":false},{"id":2074,"name":"International Business","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/International_Business?f_ri=74398","nofollow":false},{"id":3131,"name":"Small Business","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Small_Business?f_ri=74398","nofollow":false},{"id":10679,"name":"International Marketing","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/International_Marketing?f_ri=74398","nofollow":false},{"id":74398,"name":"International Entrepreneurship","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/International_Entrepreneurship?f_ri=74398"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_7713345 coauthored" data-work_id="7713345" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/7713345/International_Entrepreneurship_and_Corporate_Growth_in_Visegrad_Countries">International Entrepreneurship and Corporate Growth in Visegrad Countries</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x 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Świadek</a></span></div><div><span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a href="https://uni-miskolc.academia.edu/AndreaSGubik">Andrea S. 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We find that there are more differences than similarities between the strategies of business incubation in these countries. The USA prove to be far ahead of Germany and especially Russia in supporting start-ups. The study might impact a business practice in the way of clarifying the most significant characteristics and general trends of business incubation strategies in the countries mentioned to take them into account in the process of launching and developing startup companies in one or another country.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/38059664" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="0d9ec6e8a7db0cad4371ebd76ac759d6" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":58084317,"asset_id":38059664,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/58084317/download_file?st=MTczMjQzMTA0NSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="6581531" href="https://independent.academia.edu/artificial_intelligence_review">Review of Artificial Intelligence in Education</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="6581531" type="text/json">{"id":6581531,"first_name":"Review of Artificial Intelligence","last_name":"in Education","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"artificial_intelligence_review","display_name":"Review of Artificial Intelligence in Education","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/artificial_intelligence_review?f_ri=74398","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/6581531/2626108/157355293/s65_review_of_artificial_intelligence.in_education.jpeg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_38059664 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="38059664"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 38059664, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_38059664", }); 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innovation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/international_journal_of_innovation?f_ri=74398"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_7713321 coauthored" data-work_id="7713321" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/7713321/Patterns_of_Business_Internationalisation_in_Visegrad_Countries_In_Search_for_Regional_Specifics">Patterns of Business Internationalisation in Visegrad Countries – In Search for Regional Specifics</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" 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InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="4524000" href="https://uni-miskolc.academia.edu/AndreaSGubik">Andrea S. Gubik</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="4524000" type="text/json">{"id":4524000,"first_name":"Andrea","last_name":"S. Gubik","domain_name":"uni-miskolc","page_name":"AndreaSGubik","display_name":"Andrea S. Gubik","profile_url":"https://uni-miskolc.academia.edu/AndreaSGubik?f_ri=74398","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/4524000/4627577/5347139/s65_andrea.s._gubik.jpg"}</script></span></span><span class="u-displayInlineBlock InlineList-item-text"> and <span class="u-textDecorationUnderline u-clickable InlineList-item-text js-work-more-authors-7713321">+2</span><div class="hidden js-additional-users-7713321"><div><span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a href="https://independent.academia.edu/KrzysztofWach">Krzysztof Wach</a></span></div><div><span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a href="https://upct.academia.edu/AntonioDur%C3%A9ndez">Antonio Duréndez</a></span></div></div></span><script>(function(){ var popoverSettings = { el: $('.js-work-more-authors-7713321'), placement: 'bottom', hide_delay: 200, html: true, content: function(){ return $('.js-additional-users-7713321').html(); } } new HoverPopover(popoverSettings); })();</script></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_7713321 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="7713321"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 7713321, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_7713321", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_7713321 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 7713321; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_7713321"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_7713321 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="7713321"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 7713321; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=7713321]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_7713321").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_7713321").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="7713321"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">2</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2074" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/International_Business">International Business</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="2074" type="text/json">{"id":2074,"name":"International Business","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/International_Business?f_ri=74398","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="74398" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/International_Entrepreneurship">International Entrepreneurship</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="74398" type="text/json">{"id":74398,"name":"International Entrepreneurship","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/International_Entrepreneurship?f_ri=74398","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=7713321]'), work: {"id":7713321,"title":"Patterns of Business Internationalisation in Visegrad Countries – In Search for Regional Specifics","created_at":"2014-07-19T03:30:30.132-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/7713321/Patterns_of_Business_Internationalisation_in_Visegrad_Countries_In_Search_for_Regional_Specifics?f_ri=74398","dom_id":"work_7713321","summary":null,"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":34240183,"asset_id":7713321,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":4524000,"first_name":"Andrea","last_name":"S. Gubik","domain_name":"uni-miskolc","page_name":"AndreaSGubik","display_name":"Andrea S. Gubik","profile_url":"https://uni-miskolc.academia.edu/AndreaSGubik?f_ri=74398","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/4524000/4627577/5347139/s65_andrea.s._gubik.jpg"},{"id":6187593,"first_name":"Krzysztof","last_name":"Wach","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"KrzysztofWach","display_name":"Krzysztof Wach","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/KrzysztofWach?f_ri=74398","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/6187593/2572881/2988337/s65_krzysztof.wach.jpg"},{"id":32523713,"first_name":"Antonio","last_name":"Duréndez","domain_name":"upct","page_name":"AntonioDuréndez","display_name":"Antonio Duréndez","profile_url":"https://upct.academia.edu/AntonioDur%C3%A9ndez?f_ri=74398","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/32523713/15187160/15873295/s65_antonio.dur_ndez.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":2074,"name":"International Business","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/International_Business?f_ri=74398","nofollow":false},{"id":74398,"name":"International Entrepreneurship","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/International_Entrepreneurship?f_ri=74398","nofollow":false}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_10101516" data-work_id="10101516" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/10101516/Exploring_the_antecedents_of_born_global_companies_international_development">Exploring the antecedents of born-global companies’ international development</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">In recent years the emergence of so-called born-global firms -firms which start their international activities from their start up- has challenged traditional theoretical assumptions about the incremental process of internationalization,... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_10101516" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">In recent years the emergence of so-called born-global firms -firms which start their international activities from their start up- has challenged traditional theoretical assumptions about the incremental process of internationalization, giving birth to the development of a new stream of studies. In order to give a contribution to this area of studies, the purpose of this paper is to empirically test a model to explain how well some factors are able to explain the level of international development of born global companies. A mail survey was conducted within a sample of born-global Italian companies, belonging to the most representative industries for the Italian economy (metal products and machinery equipment; furniture; chemicals and food). Findings support the validity of a model including five significant predictors: uncertainty and dynamism in the firm’s industry, operating in niche-based industries, markets’ and segments’ knowledge held by the founder/managers, product innovation and firms’ innovativeness, access to networks. Findings are discussed and managerial implications are drawn.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/10101516" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="a55d6aa3187c01c226ab394fe1271f29" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":38205995,"asset_id":10101516,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/38205995/download_file?st=MTczMjQzMTA0NSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="24615386" href="https://univr.academia.edu/FabioCassia">Fabio Cassia</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="24615386" type="text/json">{"id":24615386,"first_name":"Fabio","last_name":"Cassia","domain_name":"univr","page_name":"FabioCassia","display_name":"Fabio Cassia","profile_url":"https://univr.academia.edu/FabioCassia?f_ri=74398","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/24615386/6657916/112541905/s65_fabio.cassia.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_10101516 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="10101516"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 10101516, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_10101516", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_10101516 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 10101516; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_10101516"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_10101516 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="10101516"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 10101516; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=10101516]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_10101516").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_10101516").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="10101516"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">42</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="26" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Business">Business</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="26" type="text/json">{"id":26,"name":"Business","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Business?f_ri=74398","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="27" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Entrepreneurship">Entrepreneurship</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="27" type="text/json">{"id":27,"name":"Entrepreneurship","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Entrepreneurship?f_ri=74398","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="38" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Management">Management</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="38" type="text/json">{"id":38,"name":"Management","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Management?f_ri=74398","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="39" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Marketing">Marketing</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="39" type="text/json">{"id":39,"name":"Marketing","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Marketing?f_ri=74398","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=10101516]'), work: {"id":10101516,"title":"Exploring the antecedents of born-global companies’ international development","created_at":"2015-01-10T11:47:11.123-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/10101516/Exploring_the_antecedents_of_born_global_companies_international_development?f_ri=74398","dom_id":"work_10101516","summary":"In recent years the emergence of so-called born-global firms -firms which start their international activities from their start up- has challenged traditional theoretical assumptions about the incremental process of internationalization, giving birth to the development of a new stream of studies. In order to give a contribution to this area of studies, the purpose of this paper is to empirically test a model to explain how well some factors are able to explain the level of international development of born global companies. A mail survey was conducted within a sample of born-global Italian companies, belonging to the most representative industries for the Italian economy (metal products and machinery equipment; furniture; chemicals and food). Findings support the validity of a model including five significant predictors: uncertainty and dynamism in the firm’s industry, operating in niche-based industries, markets’ and segments’ knowledge held by the founder/managers, product innovation and firms’ innovativeness, access to networks. Findings are discussed and managerial implications are drawn.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":38205995,"asset_id":10101516,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":24615386,"first_name":"Fabio","last_name":"Cassia","domain_name":"univr","page_name":"FabioCassia","display_name":"Fabio Cassia","profile_url":"https://univr.academia.edu/FabioCassia?f_ri=74398","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/24615386/6657916/112541905/s65_fabio.cassia.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":26,"name":"Business","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Business?f_ri=74398","nofollow":false},{"id":27,"name":"Entrepreneurship","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Entrepreneurship?f_ri=74398","nofollow":false},{"id":38,"name":"Management","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Management?f_ri=74398","nofollow":false},{"id":39,"name":"Marketing","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Marketing?f_ri=74398","nofollow":false},{"id":45,"name":"Business Administration","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Business_Administration?f_ri=74398"},{"id":724,"name":"Economics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Economics?f_ri=74398"},{"id":735,"name":"International Economics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/International_Economics?f_ri=74398"},{"id":1335,"name":"Supply Chain Management","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Supply_Chain_Management?f_ri=74398"},{"id":1439,"name":"Globalization","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Globalization?f_ri=74398"},{"id":1911,"name":"International Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/International_Studies?f_ri=74398"},{"id":2074,"name":"International Business","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/International_Business?f_ri=74398"},{"id":2585,"name":"International Development","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/International_Development?f_ri=74398"},{"id":2606,"name":"Innovation statistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Innovation_statistics?f_ri=74398"},{"id":3131,"name":"Small Business","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Small_Business?f_ri=74398"},{"id":3180,"name":"International Trade","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/International_Trade?f_ri=74398"},{"id":3823,"name":"Corporate Entrepreneurship","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Corporate_Entrepreneurship?f_ri=74398"},{"id":5009,"name":"Strategic Management","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Strategic_Management?f_ri=74398"},{"id":7739,"name":"Strategic Planning","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Strategic_Planning?f_ri=74398"},{"id":7831,"name":"Management of Innovation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Management_of_Innovation?f_ri=74398"},{"id":9659,"name":"Internationalization","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Internationalization?f_ri=74398"},{"id":10679,"name":"International Marketing","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/International_Marketing?f_ri=74398"},{"id":21168,"name":"Strategy (Business)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Strategy_Business_?f_ri=74398"},{"id":23311,"name":"Marketing Strategy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Marketing_Strategy?f_ri=74398"},{"id":24038,"name":"Networking","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Networking?f_ri=74398"},{"id":31307,"name":"Marketing Management","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Marketing_Management?f_ri=74398"},{"id":31308,"name":"Strategic Marketing","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Strategic_Marketing?f_ri=74398"},{"id":46271,"name":"Strategy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Strategy?f_ri=74398"},{"id":47760,"name":"International Management","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/International_Management?f_ri=74398"},{"id":51267,"name":"Corporate Strategy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Corporate_Strategy?f_ri=74398"},{"id":55840,"name":"Business Management","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Business_Management?f_ri=74398"},{"id":73149,"name":"Business and Management","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Business_and_Management?f_ri=74398"},{"id":74398,"name":"International Entrepreneurship","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/International_Entrepreneurship?f_ri=74398"},{"id":75030,"name":"Marketing Strategies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Marketing_Strategies?f_ri=74398"},{"id":98874,"name":"Start Up","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Start_Up?f_ri=74398"},{"id":107695,"name":"Entreprenuership","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Entreprenuership?f_ri=74398"},{"id":128227,"name":"Global Marketing","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Global_Marketing?f_ri=74398"},{"id":230573,"name":"Foreign Market Entry","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Foreign_Market_Entry?f_ri=74398"},{"id":287450,"name":"Born Global","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Born_Global?f_ri=74398"},{"id":993784,"name":"Micro and Small Business Entrepreneurship","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Micro_and_Small_Business_Entrepreneurship?f_ri=74398"},{"id":1025885,"name":"Managment","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Managment?f_ri=74398"},{"id":1403590,"name":"Uppsala Model","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Uppsala_Model?f_ri=74398"},{"id":1754581,"name":"Foreign Markets","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Foreign_Markets?f_ri=74398"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_4255506" data-work_id="4255506" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/4255506/The_Influence_of_Decision_Maker_Characteristics_on_the_International_Strategic_Decision_Making_Process_An_SME_Perspective">The Influence of Decision-Maker Characteristics on the International Strategic Decision-Making Process: An SME Perspective</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">The purpose of this paper is to explore different aspects of SMEs’ strategic decision-making processes in international business. In particularly, we want to understand if exist a relationship between SMEs’ decision-maker characteristics... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_4255506" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">The purpose of this paper is to explore different aspects of SMEs’ strategic decision-making processes in international business. In particularly, we want to understand if exist a relationship between SMEs’ decision-maker characteristics (e.g. international experience, nationality, skill), and the process of strategic decision-making in international field. To achieve this, an examination of these aspects on a sample of 77 SMEs was conducted. <br />Main results revealed that there is a strong relationship between decision-maker education and two important phases of international strategic decision-making process, that are International Market Selection and Entry Mode Selection.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/4255506" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="a319eb2d7a14e0a87151770504db662c" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":31873707,"asset_id":4255506,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/31873707/download_file?st=MTczMjQzMTA0NSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="489545" href="https://uniurb.academia.edu/FabioMusso">Fabio Musso</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="489545" type="text/json">{"id":489545,"first_name":"Fabio","last_name":"Musso","domain_name":"uniurb","page_name":"FabioMusso","display_name":"Fabio Musso","profile_url":"https://uniurb.academia.edu/FabioMusso?f_ri=74398","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/489545/1518022/1846084/s65_fabio.musso.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_4255506 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="4255506"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 4255506, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_4255506", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_4255506 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 4255506; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_4255506"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_4255506 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="4255506"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 4255506; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=4255506]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_4255506").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_4255506").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="4255506"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">5</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="26904" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Strategic_Decision_Making">Strategic Decision Making</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="26904" type="text/json">{"id":26904,"name":"Strategic Decision Making","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Strategic_Decision_Making?f_ri=74398","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="74398" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/International_Entrepreneurship">International Entrepreneurship</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="74398" type="text/json">{"id":74398,"name":"International Entrepreneurship","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/International_Entrepreneurship?f_ri=74398","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="165328" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/International_Strategy">International Strategy</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="165328" type="text/json">{"id":165328,"name":"International Strategy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/International_Strategy?f_ri=74398","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1125389" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/International_Decision_Making_Process">International Decision Making Process</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="1125389" type="text/json">{"id":1125389,"name":"International Decision Making Process","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/International_Decision_Making_Process?f_ri=74398","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=4255506]'), work: {"id":4255506,"title":"The Influence of Decision-Maker Characteristics on the International Strategic Decision-Making Process: An SME Perspective","created_at":"2013-08-16T05:44:05.826-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/4255506/The_Influence_of_Decision_Maker_Characteristics_on_the_International_Strategic_Decision_Making_Process_An_SME_Perspective?f_ri=74398","dom_id":"work_4255506","summary":"The purpose of this paper is to explore different aspects of SMEs’ strategic decision-making processes in international business. In particularly, we want to understand if exist a relationship between SMEs’ decision-maker characteristics (e.g. international experience, nationality, skill), and the process of strategic decision-making in international field. To achieve this, an examination of these aspects on a sample of 77 SMEs was conducted.\r\nMain results revealed that there is a strong relationship between decision-maker education and two important phases of international strategic decision-making process, that are International Market Selection and Entry Mode Selection.\r\n","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":31873707,"asset_id":4255506,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":489545,"first_name":"Fabio","last_name":"Musso","domain_name":"uniurb","page_name":"FabioMusso","display_name":"Fabio Musso","profile_url":"https://uniurb.academia.edu/FabioMusso?f_ri=74398","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/489545/1518022/1846084/s65_fabio.musso.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":26904,"name":"Strategic Decision Making","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Strategic_Decision_Making?f_ri=74398","nofollow":false},{"id":74398,"name":"International Entrepreneurship","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/International_Entrepreneurship?f_ri=74398","nofollow":false},{"id":165328,"name":"International Strategy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/International_Strategy?f_ri=74398","nofollow":false},{"id":1125389,"name":"International Decision Making Process","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/International_Decision_Making_Process?f_ri=74398","nofollow":false},{"id":1125390,"name":"Decision Maker Characteristics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Decision_Maker_Characteristics?f_ri=74398"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_33211747" data-work_id="33211747" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/33211747/Lean_Internationalization_How_to_Globalize_Early_and_Fast_in_a_Small_Economy">Lean Internationalization: How to Globalize Early and Fast in a Small Economy</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">This study examines the early market internationalization of 32 high-tech startups that oper- ate internationally from small and open economies. It uses a comparative cross-national multiple case study research design to explore how such... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_33211747" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">This study examines the early market internationalization of 32 high-tech startups that oper- ate internationally from small and open economies. It uses a comparative cross-national multiple case study research design to explore how such startups may differ in their speed of internationalization. Based on interviews with the founders, the speed of early market in- ternationalization in these startups increases significantly due to the application of lean market development processes. The findings provide a basis for developing propositions for further comparative studies focusing on the early and fast internationalization of high-tech startups based in emerging and developed markets. The study contributes to the literature on networks, internationalization, and international entrepreneurship.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/33211747" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="1054059ea6c496285aa728c1541d3894" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":53290177,"asset_id":33211747,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/53290177/download_file?st=MTczMjQzMTA0NSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="5466297" href="https://eim.academia.edu/MichaelNeubert">Michael Neubert</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="5466297" type="text/json">{"id":5466297,"first_name":"Michael","last_name":"Neubert","domain_name":"eim","page_name":"MichaelNeubert","display_name":"Michael Neubert","profile_url":"https://eim.academia.edu/MichaelNeubert?f_ri=74398","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/5466297/13895750/69927150/s65_michael.neubert.jpeg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_33211747 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="33211747"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 33211747, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_33211747", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_33211747 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 33211747; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_33211747"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_33211747 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="33211747"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 33211747; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=33211747]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_33211747").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_33211747").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="33211747"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">7</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1439" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Globalization">Globalization</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="1439" type="text/json">{"id":1439,"name":"Globalization","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Globalization?f_ri=74398","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2074" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/International_Business">International Business</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="2074" type="text/json">{"id":2074,"name":"International Business","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/International_Business?f_ri=74398","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="10679" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/International_Marketing">International Marketing</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="10679" type="text/json">{"id":10679,"name":"International Marketing","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/International_Marketing?f_ri=74398","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="74398" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/International_Entrepreneurship">International Entrepreneurship</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="74398" type="text/json">{"id":74398,"name":"International Entrepreneurship","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/International_Entrepreneurship?f_ri=74398","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=33211747]'), work: {"id":33211747,"title":"Lean Internationalization: How to Globalize Early and Fast in a Small Economy","created_at":"2017-05-26T12:33:18.798-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/33211747/Lean_Internationalization_How_to_Globalize_Early_and_Fast_in_a_Small_Economy?f_ri=74398","dom_id":"work_33211747","summary":"This study examines the early market internationalization of 32 high-tech startups that oper- ate internationally from small and open economies. It uses a comparative cross-national multiple case study research design to explore how such startups may differ in their speed of internationalization. Based on interviews with the founders, the speed of early market in- ternationalization in these startups increases significantly due to the application of lean market development processes. The findings provide a basis for developing propositions for further comparative studies focusing on the early and fast internationalization of high-tech startups based in emerging and developed markets. The study contributes to the literature on networks, internationalization, and international entrepreneurship.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":53290177,"asset_id":33211747,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":5466297,"first_name":"Michael","last_name":"Neubert","domain_name":"eim","page_name":"MichaelNeubert","display_name":"Michael Neubert","profile_url":"https://eim.academia.edu/MichaelNeubert?f_ri=74398","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/5466297/13895750/69927150/s65_michael.neubert.jpeg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":1439,"name":"Globalization","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Globalization?f_ri=74398","nofollow":false},{"id":2074,"name":"International Business","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/International_Business?f_ri=74398","nofollow":false},{"id":10679,"name":"International Marketing","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/International_Marketing?f_ri=74398","nofollow":false},{"id":74398,"name":"International Entrepreneurship","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/International_Entrepreneurship?f_ri=74398","nofollow":false},{"id":128227,"name":"Global Marketing","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Global_Marketing?f_ri=74398"},{"id":287450,"name":"Born Global","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Born_Global?f_ri=74398"},{"id":879191,"name":"International \u0026 Intercultural Communication/Marketing","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/International_and_Intercultural_Communication_Marketing?f_ri=74398"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_32887431" data-work_id="32887431" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/32887431/How_and_why_born_global_firms_differ_in_their_speed_of_internationalisation_a_multiple_case_study_approach">How and why born global firms differ in their speed of internationalisation – a multiple case study approach</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">This article analyses the research problem of how and why born global firms (BGF) differ in their speed of internationalisation. It is based on the conceptual framework of the BGF theory and the Uppsala internationalisation process model.... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_32887431" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">This article analyses the research problem of how and why born global firms (BGF) differ in their speed of internationalisation. It is based on the conceptual framework of the BGF theory and the Uppsala internationalisation process model. The research questions will be answered using a multiple case study research design with qualitative, in-depth, face-to-face, semi structured interviews of twenty subject matter experts (SME). The research results show that factors like the skills of the entrepreneur and the management team, their business networks, the business model of the BGF, the market entry mode, the successful implementation of a structured market development process, the uniqueness of the technology and the product portfolio, the availability of market opportunities, and the size of their home market influence the speed of internationalisation.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/32887431" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="1b5b64ceaa037acb5122ad3bc26ed528" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":53815791,"asset_id":32887431,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/53815791/download_file?st=MTczMjQzMTA0NSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="5466297" href="https://eim.academia.edu/MichaelNeubert">Michael Neubert</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="5466297" type="text/json">{"id":5466297,"first_name":"Michael","last_name":"Neubert","domain_name":"eim","page_name":"MichaelNeubert","display_name":"Michael Neubert","profile_url":"https://eim.academia.edu/MichaelNeubert?f_ri=74398","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/5466297/13895750/69927150/s65_michael.neubert.jpeg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_32887431 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="32887431"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 32887431, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_32887431", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=32887431]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_32887431").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_32887431").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="32887431"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">5</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1439" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Globalization">Globalization</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="1439" type="text/json">{"id":1439,"name":"Globalization","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Globalization?f_ri=74398","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2074" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/International_Business">International Business</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="2074" type="text/json">{"id":2074,"name":"International Business","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/International_Business?f_ri=74398","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="10679" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/International_Marketing">International Marketing</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="10679" type="text/json">{"id":10679,"name":"International Marketing","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/International_Marketing?f_ri=74398","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="47760" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/International_Management">International Management</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="47760" type="text/json">{"id":47760,"name":"International Management","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/International_Management?f_ri=74398","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=32887431]'), work: {"id":32887431,"title":"How and why born global firms differ in their speed of internationalisation – a multiple case study approach","created_at":"2017-05-07T04:11:50.750-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/32887431/How_and_why_born_global_firms_differ_in_their_speed_of_internationalisation_a_multiple_case_study_approach?f_ri=74398","dom_id":"work_32887431","summary":"This article analyses the research problem of how and why born global firms (BGF) differ in their speed of internationalisation. It is based on the conceptual framework of the BGF theory and the Uppsala internationalisation process model. The research questions will be answered using a multiple case study research design with qualitative, in-depth, face-to-face, semi structured interviews of twenty subject matter experts (SME). The research results show that factors like the skills of the entrepreneur and the management team, their business networks, the business model of the BGF, the market entry mode, the successful implementation of a structured market development process, the uniqueness of the technology and the product portfolio, the availability of market opportunities, and the size of their home market influence the speed of internationalisation.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":53815791,"asset_id":32887431,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":5466297,"first_name":"Michael","last_name":"Neubert","domain_name":"eim","page_name":"MichaelNeubert","display_name":"Michael 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class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_1870961" data-work_id="1870961" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/1870961/Internationalization_of_Software_Firms_Finnish_Small_and_Medium_Sized_Software_Firms_in_Japan">Internationalization of Software Firms: Finnish Small and Medium-Sized Software Firms in Japan</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/1870961" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="dec88ce15e807716ef1c43b93b3ebd15" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":26335086,"asset_id":1870961,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/26335086/download_file?st=MTczMjQzMTA0NSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="346701" href="https://uwasa.academia.edu/ArtoOjala">Arto Ojala</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="346701" type="text/json">{"id":346701,"first_name":"Arto","last_name":"Ojala","domain_name":"uwasa","page_name":"ArtoOjala","display_name":"Arto Ojala","profile_url":"https://uwasa.academia.edu/ArtoOjala?f_ri=74398","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/346701/349921/17720789/s65_arto.ojala.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_1870961 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="1870961"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 1870961, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_1870961", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_1870961 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" 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$(".js-view-count-work_1870961").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_1870961").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="1870961"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">12</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="27" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Entrepreneurship">Entrepreneurship</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="27" type="text/json">{"id":27,"name":"Entrepreneurship","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Entrepreneurship?f_ri=74398","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2074" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/International_Business">International Business</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="2074" type="text/json">{"id":2074,"name":"International Business","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/International_Business?f_ri=74398","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="3098" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/SME">SME</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="3098" type="text/json">{"id":3098,"name":"SME","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/SME?f_ri=74398","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="3821" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Dynamic_Capabilities">Dynamic Capabilities</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="3821" type="text/json">{"id":3821,"name":"Dynamic Capabilities","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Dynamic_Capabilities?f_ri=74398","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=1870961]'), work: {"id":1870961,"title":"Internationalization of Software Firms: Finnish Small and Medium-Sized Software Firms in Japan","created_at":"2012-08-19T15:14:07.215-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/1870961/Internationalization_of_Software_Firms_Finnish_Small_and_Medium_Sized_Software_Firms_in_Japan?f_ri=74398","dom_id":"work_1870961","summary":null,"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":26335086,"asset_id":1870961,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":346701,"first_name":"Arto","last_name":"Ojala","domain_name":"uwasa","page_name":"ArtoOjala","display_name":"Arto Ojala","profile_url":"https://uwasa.academia.edu/ArtoOjala?f_ri=74398","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/346701/349921/17720789/s65_arto.ojala.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":27,"name":"Entrepreneurship","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Entrepreneurship?f_ri=74398","nofollow":false},{"id":2074,"name":"International Business","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/International_Business?f_ri=74398","nofollow":false},{"id":3098,"name":"SME","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/SME?f_ri=74398","nofollow":false},{"id":3821,"name":"Dynamic Capabilities","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Dynamic_Capabilities?f_ri=74398","nofollow":false},{"id":5009,"name":"Strategic Management","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Strategic_Management?f_ri=74398"},{"id":10679,"name":"International Marketing","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/International_Marketing?f_ri=74398"},{"id":17158,"name":"Japan","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Japan?f_ri=74398"},{"id":66279,"name":"Software Business","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Software_Business?f_ri=74398"},{"id":74398,"name":"International Entrepreneurship","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/International_Entrepreneurship?f_ri=74398"},{"id":94548,"name":"Sports marketing","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sports_marketing?f_ri=74398"},{"id":520427,"name":"internationalisation of SMEs","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/internationalisation_of_SMEs?f_ri=74398"},{"id":982626,"name":"International Growth","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/International_Growth?f_ri=74398"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_37040941" data-work_id="37040941" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/37040941/DIGITALIZATIONS_IMPACT_ON_LEAN_GLOBAL_START_UP_FIRMS_INTERNATIONALIZATION_SPEED">DIGITALIZATION'S IMPACT ON LEAN GLOBAL, START-UP FIRMS' INTERNATIONALIZATION SPEED</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Purpose: This paper aims to understand the impact of digitalization on international, lean, global start-ups' speeds (LGS). It closes a gap in the literature by defining better the benefits and the impact of digitalization on the speed of... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_37040941" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Purpose: This paper aims to understand the impact of digitalization on international, lean, global start-ups' speeds (LGS). It closes a gap in the literature by defining better the benefits and the impact of digitalization on the speed of internationalization and models regarding the international market evaluation process. Furthermore, it outlines why and how digitalization is important throughout the internationalization process, and it expands the study of international management and business by including a broader and deeper range of digitalization aspects than is normally found in the international management and business literature. Design/Methodology/Approach: The paper opted for a qualitative multiple case-study research design using different sources of evidence, including 51 responses from senior managers of lean, global, start-up firms. The case-study firms were selected using a simple random sampling method. The data were collected in September and October 2017, and analyzed using grounded theory to develop categories and to understand consistencies and differences. The revised Uppsala internationalization process model was used as the theoretical framework to analyze the impact of digitalization on the speed of LGS internationalization. Findings: The paper provides empirical insights about the impact of digitalization on the speed of LGS internationalization. Digitalization allows LGS to increase decision-making efficiency and to optimize international market evaluation strategies and processes. It suggests that international managers act as " integrating forces " on several levels: by applying a disciplined and structured internationalization process with regular reviews, by mediating between local market realities and corporate goals, understanding the limits and benefits of digitalization, and optimizing decision-making. Research/Practical Implications: The findings are relevant for researchers, scholars, managers, and policy makers who support activities that promote digital engagement, to understand better the impact of digitalization on the speed of LGS internationalization, to increase the efficiency of decision-making processes, and to optimize international market evaluation strategies, processes, training, and (financial) support projects. Future scholarly work might also include quantitative assessments of subject-matter experts' (SMEs') perceptions, whose qualitative data can provide greater clarification of the study's statistical significance or replicate it with other SME from different industries and markets. Originality/Value: This paper fulfills an identified need and a call for research to study the impact of digitalization on the speed of LGS internationalization.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/37040941" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="7cca755543ed71e9d4b25484b9b52fdc" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":56991395,"asset_id":37040941,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/56991395/download_file?st=MTczMjQzMTA0NSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="5466297" href="https://eim.academia.edu/MichaelNeubert">Michael Neubert</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="5466297" type="text/json">{"id":5466297,"first_name":"Michael","last_name":"Neubert","domain_name":"eim","page_name":"MichaelNeubert","display_name":"Michael Neubert","profile_url":"https://eim.academia.edu/MichaelNeubert?f_ri=74398","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/5466297/13895750/69927150/s65_michael.neubert.jpeg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_37040941 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="37040941"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 37040941, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_37040941", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_37040941 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 37040941; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_37040941"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_37040941 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="37040941"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 37040941; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=37040941]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_37040941").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_37040941").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="37040941"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">8</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2074" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/International_Business">International Business</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="2074" type="text/json">{"id":2074,"name":"International Business","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/International_Business?f_ri=74398","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="47760" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/International_Management">International Management</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="47760" type="text/json">{"id":47760,"name":"International Management","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/International_Management?f_ri=74398","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="48822" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Business_Development">Business Development</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="48822" type="text/json">{"id":48822,"name":"Business Development","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Business_Development?f_ri=74398","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="74398" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/International_Entrepreneurship">International Entrepreneurship</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="74398" type="text/json">{"id":74398,"name":"International Entrepreneurship","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/International_Entrepreneurship?f_ri=74398","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=37040941]'), work: {"id":37040941,"title":"DIGITALIZATION'S IMPACT ON LEAN GLOBAL, START-UP FIRMS' INTERNATIONALIZATION SPEED","created_at":"2018-07-13T11:11:39.205-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/37040941/DIGITALIZATIONS_IMPACT_ON_LEAN_GLOBAL_START_UP_FIRMS_INTERNATIONALIZATION_SPEED?f_ri=74398","dom_id":"work_37040941","summary":"Purpose: This paper aims to understand the impact of digitalization on international, lean, global start-ups' speeds (LGS). It closes a gap in the literature by defining better the benefits and the impact of digitalization on the speed of internationalization and models regarding the international market evaluation process. Furthermore, it outlines why and how digitalization is important throughout the internationalization process, and it expands the study of international management and business by including a broader and deeper range of digitalization aspects than is normally found in the international management and business literature. Design/Methodology/Approach: The paper opted for a qualitative multiple case-study research design using different sources of evidence, including 51 responses from senior managers of lean, global, start-up firms. The case-study firms were selected using a simple random sampling method. The data were collected in September and October 2017, and analyzed using grounded theory to develop categories and to understand consistencies and differences. The revised Uppsala internationalization process model was used as the theoretical framework to analyze the impact of digitalization on the speed of LGS internationalization. Findings: The paper provides empirical insights about the impact of digitalization on the speed of LGS internationalization. Digitalization allows LGS to increase decision-making efficiency and to optimize international market evaluation strategies and processes. It suggests that international managers act as \" integrating forces \" on several levels: by applying a disciplined and structured internationalization process with regular reviews, by mediating between local market realities and corporate goals, understanding the limits and benefits of digitalization, and optimizing decision-making. Research/Practical Implications: The findings are relevant for researchers, scholars, managers, and policy makers who support activities that promote digital engagement, to understand better the impact of digitalization on the speed of LGS internationalization, to increase the efficiency of decision-making processes, and to optimize international market evaluation strategies, processes, training, and (financial) support projects. Future scholarly work might also include quantitative assessments of subject-matter experts' (SMEs') perceptions, whose qualitative data can provide greater clarification of the study's statistical significance or replicate it with other SME from different industries and markets. Originality/Value: This paper fulfills an identified need and a call for research to study the impact of digitalization on the speed of LGS internationalization.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":56991395,"asset_id":37040941,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false},{"id":56991430,"asset_id":37040941,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":5466297,"first_name":"Michael","last_name":"Neubert","domain_name":"eim","page_name":"MichaelNeubert","display_name":"Michael Neubert","profile_url":"https://eim.academia.edu/MichaelNeubert?f_ri=74398","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/5466297/13895750/69927150/s65_michael.neubert.jpeg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":2074,"name":"International Business","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/International_Business?f_ri=74398","nofollow":false},{"id":47760,"name":"International Management","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/International_Management?f_ri=74398","nofollow":false},{"id":48822,"name":"Business Development","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Business_Development?f_ri=74398","nofollow":false},{"id":74398,"name":"International Entrepreneurship","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/International_Entrepreneurship?f_ri=74398","nofollow":false},{"id":74881,"name":"Startups","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Startups?f_ri=74398"},{"id":128227,"name":"Global Marketing","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Global_Marketing?f_ri=74398"},{"id":168672,"name":"Lean startup","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Lean_startup?f_ri=74398"},{"id":298455,"name":"Digitalization","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Digitalization?f_ri=74398"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_35309463" data-work_id="35309463" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/35309463/The_why_of_international_entrepreneurship_Uncovering_entrepreneurs_personal_values">The 'why' of international entrepreneurship: Uncovering entrepreneurs' personal values</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Previous studies investigating the “why” of entrepreneurial internationalization have focused on firm-level motivations, overlooking the relationships between firm-level and individual-level motivations and why entrepreneurs differ in the... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_35309463" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Previous studies investigating the “why” of entrepreneurial internationalization have focused on firm-level motivations, overlooking the relationships between firm-level and individual-level motivations and why entrepreneurs differ in the goals they intend to achieve. We investigate the role of personal values as desirable end states that motivate international entrepreneurship by functioning as superordinate cognitive structures that underlie the practical internationalization goals set by entrepreneurs. By adopting an idiographic approach based on a laddering methodology in a sample of 140 new domestic technology-based firms located in Northern Italy, we uncover and map the hierarchies of goals that motivate entrepreneurs’ internationalization intentions, which are anchored in five personal values: achievement, power, self-direction, benevolence, and security. We discuss our theoretical and methodological contributions and the policy implications of our findings.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/35309463" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="f096f48b03b5ec609711e32ec9da7340" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":55170066,"asset_id":35309463,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/55170066/download_file?st=MTczMjQzMTA0NSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="125361" href="https://unibo.academia.edu/DanielaBolzani">Daniela Bolzani</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="125361" type="text/json">{"id":125361,"first_name":"Daniela","last_name":"Bolzani","domain_name":"unibo","page_name":"DanielaBolzani","display_name":"Daniela Bolzani","profile_url":"https://unibo.academia.edu/DanielaBolzani?f_ri=74398","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/125361/33495/4666183/s65_daniela.bolzani.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_35309463 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="35309463"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 35309463, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_35309463", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_35309463 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 35309463; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_35309463"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_35309463 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="35309463"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 35309463; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=35309463]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_35309463").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_35309463").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="35309463"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">3</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="74398" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/International_Entrepreneurship">International Entrepreneurship</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="74398" type="text/json">{"id":74398,"name":"International Entrepreneurship","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/International_Entrepreneurship?f_ri=74398","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="106242" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Personal_values">Personal values</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="106242" type="text/json">{"id":106242,"name":"Personal values","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Personal_values?f_ri=74398","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="537567" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Entrepreneurial_Intentions">Entrepreneurial Intentions</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="537567" type="text/json">{"id":537567,"name":"Entrepreneurial Intentions","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Entrepreneurial_Intentions?f_ri=74398","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=35309463]'), work: {"id":35309463,"title":"The 'why' of international entrepreneurship: Uncovering entrepreneurs' personal values","created_at":"2017-12-01T07:01:58.651-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/35309463/The_why_of_international_entrepreneurship_Uncovering_entrepreneurs_personal_values?f_ri=74398","dom_id":"work_35309463","summary":"Previous studies investigating the “why” of entrepreneurial internationalization have focused on firm-level motivations, overlooking the relationships between firm-level and individual-level motivations and why entrepreneurs differ in the goals they intend to achieve. We investigate the role of personal values as desirable end states that motivate international entrepreneurship by functioning as superordinate cognitive structures that underlie the practical internationalization goals set by entrepreneurs. By adopting an idiographic approach based on a laddering methodology in a sample of 140 new domestic technology-based firms located in Northern Italy, we uncover and map the hierarchies of goals that motivate entrepreneurs’ internationalization intentions, which are anchored in five personal values: achievement, power, self-direction, benevolence, and security. We discuss our theoretical and methodological contributions and the policy implications of our findings.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":55170066,"asset_id":35309463,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":125361,"first_name":"Daniela","last_name":"Bolzani","domain_name":"unibo","page_name":"DanielaBolzani","display_name":"Daniela Bolzani","profile_url":"https://unibo.academia.edu/DanielaBolzani?f_ri=74398","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/125361/33495/4666183/s65_daniela.bolzani.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":74398,"name":"International Entrepreneurship","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/International_Entrepreneurship?f_ri=74398","nofollow":false},{"id":106242,"name":"Personal values","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Personal_values?f_ri=74398","nofollow":false},{"id":537567,"name":"Entrepreneurial Intentions","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Entrepreneurial_Intentions?f_ri=74398","nofollow":false}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_35310822" data-work_id="35310822" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/35310822/Shariah_Compliant_International_Entrepreneurship_A_Study_of_Islamic_Finance_in_Europe">Shariah Compliant International Entrepreneurship: A Study of Islamic Finance in Europe</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Islam is the second largest religion in the world. Muslims are the target of most of the homeland and foreign businesses in their market. Islamic finance is also is an international solution to promote the entrepreneurship. The objective... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_35310822" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Islam is the second largest religion in the world. Muslims are the target of most of the homeland and foreign businesses in their market. Islamic finance is also is an international solution to promote the entrepreneurship. The objective of this paper is to explore the international entrepreneurship from Islamic view. This study argues shariah-compliant entrepreneurship in international context. For doing so, we explore entrepreneurship in Islam, offer potential opportunities for conducting Islamic-oriented business and investigate the performance European countries in Islamic finance and entrepreneurship.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/35310822" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="ceafc62f9061912e8072c5701e4bab5e" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":55171191,"asset_id":35310822,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/55171191/download_file?st=MTczMjQzMTA0NSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="13323467" href="https://aston.academia.edu/VahidJafariSadeghi">Vahid Jafari-Sadeghi</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="13323467" type="text/json">{"id":13323467,"first_name":"Vahid","last_name":"Jafari-Sadeghi","domain_name":"aston","page_name":"VahidJafariSadeghi","display_name":"Vahid Jafari-Sadeghi","profile_url":"https://aston.academia.edu/VahidJafariSadeghi?f_ri=74398","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/13323467/8673913/69543855/s65_vahid.jafari-sadeghi.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_35310822 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="35310822"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 35310822, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_35310822", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=35310822]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_35310822").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_35310822").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="35310822"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">2</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="21928" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_Finance">Islamic Finance</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="21928" type="text/json">{"id":21928,"name":"Islamic Finance","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_Finance?f_ri=74398","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="74398" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/International_Entrepreneurship">International Entrepreneurship</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="74398" type="text/json">{"id":74398,"name":"International Entrepreneurship","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/International_Entrepreneurship?f_ri=74398","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=35310822]'), work: {"id":35310822,"title":"Shariah Compliant International Entrepreneurship: A Study of Islamic Finance in Europe","created_at":"2017-12-01T09:01:16.032-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/35310822/Shariah_Compliant_International_Entrepreneurship_A_Study_of_Islamic_Finance_in_Europe?f_ri=74398","dom_id":"work_35310822","summary":" Islam is the second largest religion in the world. Muslims are the target of most of the homeland and foreign businesses in their market. Islamic finance is also is an international solution to promote the entrepreneurship. The objective of this paper is to explore the international entrepreneurship from Islamic view. This study argues shariah-compliant entrepreneurship in international context. For doing so, we explore entrepreneurship in Islam, offer potential opportunities for conducting Islamic-oriented business and investigate the performance European countries in Islamic finance and entrepreneurship.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":55171191,"asset_id":35310822,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":13323467,"first_name":"Vahid","last_name":"Jafari-Sadeghi","domain_name":"aston","page_name":"VahidJafariSadeghi","display_name":"Vahid Jafari-Sadeghi","profile_url":"https://aston.academia.edu/VahidJafariSadeghi?f_ri=74398","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/13323467/8673913/69543855/s65_vahid.jafari-sadeghi.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":21928,"name":"Islamic Finance","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_Finance?f_ri=74398","nofollow":false},{"id":74398,"name":"International Entrepreneurship","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/International_Entrepreneurship?f_ri=74398","nofollow":false}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_6689516" data-work_id="6689516" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/6689516/Sustained_Competitive_Advantage_of_Born_Global_Ventures_A_Conceptual_Framework">Sustained Competitive Advantage of Born Global Ventures: A Conceptual Framework</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/6689516" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="fb21c5677bd60e2cd425c12b67279d7e" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":33414373,"asset_id":6689516,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/33414373/download_file?st=MTczMjQzMTA0NSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="689698" href="https://independent.academia.edu/WafaKhurram">Wafa Khurram</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="689698" type="text/json">{"id":689698,"first_name":"Wafa","last_name":"Khurram","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"WafaKhurram","display_name":"Wafa Khurram","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/WafaKhurram?f_ri=74398","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/689698/1285515/25558630/s65_wafa.khurram.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_6689516 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="6689516"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 6689516, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_6689516", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=6689516]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_6689516").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_6689516").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="6689516"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i></div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl6x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="74398" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/International_Entrepreneurship">International Entrepreneurship</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="74398" type="text/json">{"id":74398,"name":"International Entrepreneurship","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/International_Entrepreneurship?f_ri=74398","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (false) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=6689516]'), work: {"id":6689516,"title":"Sustained Competitive Advantage of Born Global Ventures: A Conceptual Framework","created_at":"2014-04-07T14:31:49.223-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/6689516/Sustained_Competitive_Advantage_of_Born_Global_Ventures_A_Conceptual_Framework?f_ri=74398","dom_id":"work_6689516","summary":null,"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":33414373,"asset_id":6689516,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":689698,"first_name":"Wafa","last_name":"Khurram","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"WafaKhurram","display_name":"Wafa Khurram","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/WafaKhurram?f_ri=74398","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/689698/1285515/25558630/s65_wafa.khurram.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":74398,"name":"International Entrepreneurship","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/International_Entrepreneurship?f_ri=74398","nofollow":false}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_13182201" data-work_id="13182201" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/13182201/Entrepreneurial_Orientation_and_Business_Internationalisation_Process_The_Theoretical_Foundations_of_International_Entrepreneurship">Entrepreneurial Orientation and Business Internationalisation Process: The Theoretical Foundations of International Entrepreneurship</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Objective: The main goal of the article is to discuss and elaborate on the basics of international entrepreneurial orientation (IEO), its fundamentals and principles. Research Design & Methods: The paper reviews these three important... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_13182201" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Objective: The main goal of the article is to discuss and elaborate on the basics of international entrepreneurial orientation (IEO), its fundamentals and principles.<br />Research Design & Methods: The paper reviews these three important terms by<br />trying to link them and suggests a holistic framework. The article is of descriptive<br />character, thus it is based on literature review and its constructive critics.<br />Findings: Firstly, international entrepreneurial process was discussed from the<br />international entrepreneurship perspective. Secondly, the paper introduces the<br />conceptualisation of entrepreneurial orientation from both three- and multidimensional<br />perspectives. Thirdly, IEO is conceptualised and operationalised from the<br />perspective of entrepreneurial internationalisation of firms.<br />Implications & Recommendations: IEO is a multi-dimensional concept. IEO can be<br />considered both an individual and firm-level construct. IEO enables business to<br />identify and exploit internationalisation opportunities. IEO reflects the firms overall<br />proactiveness and aggressiveness in its pursuit of international markets.<br />Contribution & Value Added: The article is an attempted synthesis of the concept of<br />international entrepreneurial orientation. It focuses on IEO as the implementation of<br />one of the most important research theme in the theory of entrepreneurship, which is<br />entrepreneurial orientation (EO) into the studies of international entrepreneurship<br />(IE)</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/13182201" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="fddac02b7bf2adf6dc593836c4ffcdfc" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":37972830,"asset_id":13182201,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/37972830/download_file?st=MTczMjQzMTA0NSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="6187593" href="https://independent.academia.edu/KrzysztofWach">Krzysztof Wach</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="6187593" type="text/json">{"id":6187593,"first_name":"Krzysztof","last_name":"Wach","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"KrzysztofWach","display_name":"Krzysztof Wach","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/KrzysztofWach?f_ri=74398","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/6187593/2572881/2988337/s65_krzysztof.wach.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_13182201 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="13182201"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 13182201, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_13182201", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_13182201 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 13182201; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_13182201"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_13182201 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="13182201"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 13182201; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=13182201]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_13182201").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_13182201").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="13182201"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">7</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="27" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Entrepreneurship">Entrepreneurship</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="27" type="text/json">{"id":27,"name":"Entrepreneurship","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Entrepreneurship?f_ri=74398","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2074" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/International_Business">International Business</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="2074" type="text/json">{"id":2074,"name":"International Business","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/International_Business?f_ri=74398","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="10679" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/International_Marketing">International Marketing</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="10679" type="text/json">{"id":10679,"name":"International Marketing","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/International_Marketing?f_ri=74398","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="44119" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/International_Business_Strategy">International Business Strategy</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="44119" type="text/json">{"id":44119,"name":"International Business Strategy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/International_Business_Strategy?f_ri=74398","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=13182201]'), work: {"id":13182201,"title":"Entrepreneurial Orientation and Business Internationalisation Process: The Theoretical Foundations of International Entrepreneurship","created_at":"2015-06-22T12:47:53.851-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/13182201/Entrepreneurial_Orientation_and_Business_Internationalisation_Process_The_Theoretical_Foundations_of_International_Entrepreneurship?f_ri=74398","dom_id":"work_13182201","summary":"Objective: The main goal of the article is to discuss and elaborate on the basics of international entrepreneurial orientation (IEO), its fundamentals and principles.\nResearch Design \u0026 Methods: The paper reviews these three important terms by\ntrying to link them and suggests a holistic framework. The article is of descriptive\ncharacter, thus it is based on literature review and its constructive critics.\nFindings: Firstly, international entrepreneurial process was discussed from the\ninternational entrepreneurship perspective. Secondly, the paper introduces the\nconceptualisation of entrepreneurial orientation from both three- and multidimensional\nperspectives. Thirdly, IEO is conceptualised and operationalised from the\nperspective of entrepreneurial internationalisation of firms.\nImplications \u0026 Recommendations: IEO is a multi-dimensional concept. IEO can be\nconsidered both an individual and firm-level construct. IEO enables business to\nidentify and exploit internationalisation opportunities. IEO reflects the firms overall\nproactiveness and aggressiveness in its pursuit of international markets.\nContribution \u0026 Value Added: The article is an attempted synthesis of the concept of\ninternational entrepreneurial orientation. It focuses on IEO as the implementation of\none of the most important research theme in the theory of entrepreneurship, which is\nentrepreneurial orientation (EO) into the studies of international entrepreneurship\n(IE)","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":37972830,"asset_id":13182201,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":6187593,"first_name":"Krzysztof","last_name":"Wach","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"KrzysztofWach","display_name":"Krzysztof Wach","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/KrzysztofWach?f_ri=74398","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/6187593/2572881/2988337/s65_krzysztof.wach.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":27,"name":"Entrepreneurship","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Entrepreneurship?f_ri=74398","nofollow":false},{"id":2074,"name":"International Business","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/International_Business?f_ri=74398","nofollow":false},{"id":10679,"name":"International Marketing","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/International_Marketing?f_ri=74398","nofollow":false},{"id":44119,"name":"International Business Strategy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/International_Business_Strategy?f_ri=74398","nofollow":false},{"id":47760,"name":"International Management","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/International_Management?f_ri=74398"},{"id":55390,"name":"International Business Management","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/International_Business_Management?f_ri=74398"},{"id":74398,"name":"International Entrepreneurship","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/International_Entrepreneurship?f_ri=74398"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_3165458" data-work_id="3165458" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/3165458/Internationalisation_of_SMEs_European_comparative_studies">Internationalisation of SMEs: European comparative studies</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/3165458" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="c567ca34d392f63161e1f7f59b068f1e" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":31332051,"asset_id":3165458,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/31332051/download_file?st=MTczMjQzMTA0NSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="100744" href="https://supdeco-montpellier.academia.edu/LeoDANA">Léo-Paul DANA</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="100744" type="text/json">{"id":100744,"first_name":"Léo-Paul","last_name":"DANA","domain_name":"supdeco-montpellier","page_name":"LeoDANA","display_name":"Léo-Paul DANA","profile_url":"https://supdeco-montpellier.academia.edu/LeoDANA?f_ri=74398","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/100744/15142900/15841554/s65_l_o-paul.dana.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_3165458 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="3165458"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 3165458, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_3165458", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_3165458 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 3165458; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_3165458"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_3165458 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="3165458"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 3165458; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=3165458]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_3165458").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_3165458").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="3165458"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">5</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="27" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Entrepreneurship">Entrepreneurship</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="27" type="text/json">{"id":27,"name":"Entrepreneurship","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Entrepreneurship?f_ri=74398","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="44290" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Smes">Smes</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="44290" type="text/json">{"id":44290,"name":"Smes","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Smes?f_ri=74398","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="74398" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/International_Entrepreneurship">International Entrepreneurship</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="74398" type="text/json">{"id":74398,"name":"International Entrepreneurship","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/International_Entrepreneurship?f_ri=74398","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="75826" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Europe">Europe</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="75826" type="text/json">{"id":75826,"name":"Europe","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Europe?f_ri=74398","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=3165458]'), work: {"id":3165458,"title":"Internationalisation of SMEs: European comparative studies","created_at":"2013-03-30T08:35:44.380-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/3165458/Internationalisation_of_SMEs_European_comparative_studies?f_ri=74398","dom_id":"work_3165458","summary":null,"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":31332051,"asset_id":3165458,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":100744,"first_name":"Léo-Paul","last_name":"DANA","domain_name":"supdeco-montpellier","page_name":"LeoDANA","display_name":"Léo-Paul DANA","profile_url":"https://supdeco-montpellier.academia.edu/LeoDANA?f_ri=74398","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/100744/15142900/15841554/s65_l_o-paul.dana.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":27,"name":"Entrepreneurship","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Entrepreneurship?f_ri=74398","nofollow":false},{"id":44290,"name":"Smes","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Smes?f_ri=74398","nofollow":false},{"id":74398,"name":"International Entrepreneurship","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/International_Entrepreneurship?f_ri=74398","nofollow":false},{"id":75826,"name":"Europe","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Europe?f_ri=74398","nofollow":false},{"id":77450,"name":"internationalization of SMEs","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/internationalization_of_SMEs?f_ri=74398"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_66369976" data-work_id="66369976" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/66369976/COVID_19_SMEs_Export_Promotion_Services_and_Attention_Based_View">COVID-19: SMEs, Export Promotion Services and Attention-Based View</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">This study draws from the theory of ABV to present a framework for understanding how SMEs trying to manage their exports during a global crisis are expected to behave towards export promotion. Our study underlines the importance of... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_66369976" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">This study draws from the theory of ABV to present a framework for understanding how SMEs trying to manage their exports during a global crisis are expected to behave towards export promotion. Our study underlines the importance of setting up and updating effective and modern communication channels in order to create a positive and more institutionalized interaction between EPS providers and SMEs, taking into account the major communication changes in international business during a global pandemic, which imposed new communication mechanisms. Hence, our model includes the ABV perspective because we believe it is vital for SMEs to put in place effective attention structures to be more attentive to EPS, including (i) a better understanding of awareness by SMEs’ entrepreneurs, (ii) an improved SMEs’ teams debate about the relevance of EPS, in order to guide the firm into an unpredictable environment, and (iii) a better management of the SMEs’ slack resources during export.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/66369976" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="f6f82f37ba702a8ea4acb46254577a0b" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":77588281,"asset_id":66369976,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/77588281/download_file?st=MTczMjQzMTA0Niw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="7873650" href="https://lab.academia.edu/LasseTorkkeli">Lasse Torkkeli</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="7873650" type="text/json">{"id":7873650,"first_name":"Lasse","last_name":"Torkkeli","domain_name":"lab","page_name":"LasseTorkkeli","display_name":"Lasse Torkkeli","profile_url":"https://lab.academia.edu/LasseTorkkeli?f_ri=74398","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/7873650/15618007/16193517/s65_lasse.torkkeli.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_66369976 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="66369976"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 66369976, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_66369976", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_66369976 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 66369976; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_66369976"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_66369976 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="66369976"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 66369976; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=66369976]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_66369976").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_66369976").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="66369976"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">5</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="74398" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/International_Entrepreneurship">International Entrepreneurship</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="74398" type="text/json">{"id":74398,"name":"International Entrepreneurship","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/International_Entrepreneurship?f_ri=74398","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="77450" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/internationalization_of_SMEs">internationalization of SMEs</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="77450" type="text/json">{"id":77450,"name":"internationalization of SMEs","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/internationalization_of_SMEs?f_ri=74398","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="113649" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Export_Promotion">Export Promotion</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="113649" type="text/json">{"id":113649,"name":"Export Promotion","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Export_Promotion?f_ri=74398","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="3010417" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Attention-Based_View">Attention-Based View</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="3010417" type="text/json">{"id":3010417,"name":"Attention-Based View","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Attention-Based_View?f_ri=74398","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=66369976]'), work: {"id":66369976,"title":"COVID-19: SMEs, Export Promotion Services and Attention-Based View","created_at":"2021-12-29T05:35:11.935-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/66369976/COVID_19_SMEs_Export_Promotion_Services_and_Attention_Based_View?f_ri=74398","dom_id":"work_66369976","summary":"This study draws from the theory of ABV to present a framework for understanding how SMEs trying to manage their exports during a global crisis are expected to behave towards export promotion. Our study underlines the importance of setting up and updating effective and modern communication channels in order to create a positive and more institutionalized interaction between EPS providers and SMEs, taking into account the major communication changes in international business during a global pandemic, which imposed new communication mechanisms. Hence, our model includes the ABV perspective because we believe it is vital for SMEs to put in place effective attention structures to be more attentive to EPS, including (i) a better understanding of awareness by SMEs’ entrepreneurs, (ii) an improved SMEs’ teams debate about the relevance of EPS, in order to guide the firm into an unpredictable environment, and (iii) a better management of the SMEs’ slack resources during export.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":77588281,"asset_id":66369976,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":7873650,"first_name":"Lasse","last_name":"Torkkeli","domain_name":"lab","page_name":"LasseTorkkeli","display_name":"Lasse Torkkeli","profile_url":"https://lab.academia.edu/LasseTorkkeli?f_ri=74398","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/7873650/15618007/16193517/s65_lasse.torkkeli.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":74398,"name":"International Entrepreneurship","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/International_Entrepreneurship?f_ri=74398","nofollow":false},{"id":77450,"name":"internationalization of SMEs","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/internationalization_of_SMEs?f_ri=74398","nofollow":false},{"id":113649,"name":"Export Promotion","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Export_Promotion?f_ri=74398","nofollow":false},{"id":3010417,"name":"Attention-Based View","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Attention-Based_View?f_ri=74398","nofollow":false},{"id":3602380,"name":"Economic effects of COVID-19 ","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Economic_effects_of_COVID-19?f_ri=74398"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_42854599" data-work_id="42854599" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/42854599/TOTAL_RESOURCES_AND_SPEEDS_OF_INTERNATIONALIZATION">TOTAL RESOURCES AND SPEEDS OF INTERNATIONALIZATION</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Models of speed of internationalization have been built on narrowly defined resources, emphasizing the intangibles at the cost of tangibles and relying on controlled resources while overlooking nonterritorial ones. We build an integrative... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_42854599" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Models of speed of internationalization have been built on narrowly defined resources, emphasizing the intangibles at the cost of tangibles and relying on controlled resources while overlooking nonterritorial ones. We build an integrative model for both established and unestablished firms, using three determinants of speed À global value chain experiences, resource adjusted expected return from internationalization and existence of e-commerce platforms. The first is under firms' control while the last two are partially controlled or totally uncontrolled. Five strategies of internationalization are identified À internationalization through accelerated marketization, delayed internationalization, opportunistic (or on/off) internationalization, IB internationalization, and alliance internationaliza-tion, each associates with a different speed of internationalization.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/42854599" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="bb00e28fae2e3d2d974f07d02e9ee96a" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":63092110,"asset_id":42854599,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/63092110/download_file?st=MTczMjQzMTA0Niw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="774340" href="https://thammasat.academia.edu/JayWu">Jay Jiyuan Wu</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="774340" type="text/json">{"id":774340,"first_name":"Jay Jiyuan","last_name":"Wu","domain_name":"thammasat","page_name":"JayWu","display_name":"Jay Jiyuan Wu","profile_url":"https://thammasat.academia.edu/JayWu?f_ri=74398","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/774340/43475032/34537708/s65_jay_jiyuan.wu.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_42854599 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="42854599"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 42854599, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_42854599", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=42854599]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_42854599").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_42854599").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="42854599"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">4</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="74398" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/International_Entrepreneurship">International Entrepreneurship</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="74398" type="text/json">{"id":74398,"name":"International Entrepreneurship","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/International_Entrepreneurship?f_ri=74398","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2144457" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Speed_of_internationalization">Speed of internationalization</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="2144457" type="text/json">{"id":2144457,"name":"Speed of internationalization","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Speed_of_internationalization?f_ri=74398","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="3633832" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Total_Resources">Total Resources</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="3633832" type="text/json">{"id":3633832,"name":"Total Resources","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Total_Resources?f_ri=74398","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="3633833" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Controlled_and_accessible_Resources">Controlled and accessible Resources</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="3633833" type="text/json">{"id":3633833,"name":"Controlled and accessible Resources","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Controlled_and_accessible_Resources?f_ri=74398","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=42854599]'), work: {"id":42854599,"title":"TOTAL RESOURCES AND SPEEDS OF INTERNATIONALIZATION","created_at":"2020-04-25T19:35:54.532-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/42854599/TOTAL_RESOURCES_AND_SPEEDS_OF_INTERNATIONALIZATION?f_ri=74398","dom_id":"work_42854599","summary":"Models of speed of internationalization have been built on narrowly defined resources, emphasizing the intangibles at the cost of tangibles and relying on controlled resources while overlooking nonterritorial ones. We build an integrative model for both established and unestablished firms, using three determinants of speed À global value chain experiences, resource adjusted expected return from internationalization and existence of e-commerce platforms. The first is under firms' control while the last two are partially controlled or totally uncontrolled. Five strategies of internationalization are identified À internationalization through accelerated marketization, delayed internationalization, opportunistic (or on/off) internationalization, IB internationalization, and alliance internationaliza-tion, each associates with a different speed of internationalization.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":63092110,"asset_id":42854599,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":774340,"first_name":"Jay Jiyuan","last_name":"Wu","domain_name":"thammasat","page_name":"JayWu","display_name":"Jay Jiyuan Wu","profile_url":"https://thammasat.academia.edu/JayWu?f_ri=74398","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/774340/43475032/34537708/s65_jay_jiyuan.wu.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":74398,"name":"International Entrepreneurship","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/International_Entrepreneurship?f_ri=74398","nofollow":false},{"id":2144457,"name":"Speed of internationalization","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Speed_of_internationalization?f_ri=74398","nofollow":false},{"id":3633832,"name":"Total Resources","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Total_Resources?f_ri=74398","nofollow":false},{"id":3633833,"name":"Controlled and accessible Resources","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Controlled_and_accessible_Resources?f_ri=74398","nofollow":false}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_28698261" data-work_id="28698261" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/28698261/Born_local_Toward_a_theory_of_new_ventures_choice_of_internationalization">Born local: Toward a theory of new venture's choice of internationalization</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">This manuscript offers a theory regarding two distinct avenues to new venture internationalization: a direct path described in much of the extant literature and an intermediated one in which new ventures and multinational firms create... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_28698261" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">This manuscript offers a theory regarding two distinct avenues to new venture internationalization: a direct path described in much of the extant literature and an intermediated one in which new ventures and multinational firms create symbiotic relationships in order to expand internationally. The term ''born local'', as opposed to ''born global'', describes how new ventures are created from knowledge spillovers and other resources in a geographically bounded environment. The theory suggests that the greater the number of value chain activities and the greater the number of countries involved, the more likely that the new venture will pursue the intermediated mode of internationalization. We suggest that new ventures frequently specialize and use existing MNEs as conduits for international expansion; however the greater the perceived ex-post costs of protecting intellectual property, transaction costs, and extraction costs related to holdup , agency, and monopoly rents, the more likely the new venture will pursue a direct mode of internationalization.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/28698261" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="c536ad81872540c3c6adbc1c4e5d563e" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":49092568,"asset_id":28698261,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/49092568/download_file?st=MTczMjQzMTA0Niw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="4025950" href="https://american.academia.edu/SiriTerjesen">Siri Terjesen</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="4025950" type="text/json">{"id":4025950,"first_name":"Siri","last_name":"Terjesen","domain_name":"american","page_name":"SiriTerjesen","display_name":"Siri Terjesen","profile_url":"https://american.academia.edu/SiriTerjesen?f_ri=74398","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/4025950/1531828/1904201/s65_siri.terjesen.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_28698261 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="28698261"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 28698261, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_28698261", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_28698261 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 28698261; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_28698261"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_28698261 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="28698261"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 28698261; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=28698261]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_28698261").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_28698261").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="28698261"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">8</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="3833" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Transaction_Costs">Transaction Costs</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="3833" type="text/json">{"id":3833,"name":"Transaction Costs","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Transaction_Costs?f_ri=74398","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="8757" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Multinational_Enterprises">Multinational Enterprises</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="8757" type="text/json">{"id":8757,"name":"Multinational Enterprises","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Multinational_Enterprises?f_ri=74398","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="74398" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/International_Entrepreneurship">International Entrepreneurship</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="74398" type="text/json">{"id":74398,"name":"International Entrepreneurship","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/International_Entrepreneurship?f_ri=74398","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="100748" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Small_Firms">Small Firms</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="100748" type="text/json">{"id":100748,"name":"Small Firms","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Small_Firms?f_ri=74398","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=28698261]'), work: {"id":28698261,"title":"Born local: Toward a theory of new venture's choice of internationalization","created_at":"2016-09-24T15:05:50.675-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/28698261/Born_local_Toward_a_theory_of_new_ventures_choice_of_internationalization?f_ri=74398","dom_id":"work_28698261","summary":"This manuscript offers a theory regarding two distinct avenues to new venture internationalization: a direct path described in much of the extant literature and an intermediated one in which new ventures and multinational firms create symbiotic relationships in order to expand internationally. The term ''born local'', as opposed to ''born global'', describes how new ventures are created from knowledge spillovers and other resources in a geographically bounded environment. The theory suggests that the greater the number of value chain activities and the greater the number of countries involved, the more likely that the new venture will pursue the intermediated mode of internationalization. We suggest that new ventures frequently specialize and use existing MNEs as conduits for international expansion; however the greater the perceived ex-post costs of protecting intellectual property, transaction costs, and extraction costs related to holdup , agency, and monopoly rents, the more likely the new venture will pursue a direct mode of internationalization.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":49092568,"asset_id":28698261,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":4025950,"first_name":"Siri","last_name":"Terjesen","domain_name":"american","page_name":"SiriTerjesen","display_name":"Siri Terjesen","profile_url":"https://american.academia.edu/SiriTerjesen?f_ri=74398","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/4025950/1531828/1904201/s65_siri.terjesen.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":3833,"name":"Transaction Costs","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Transaction_Costs?f_ri=74398","nofollow":false},{"id":8757,"name":"Multinational Enterprises","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Multinational_Enterprises?f_ri=74398","nofollow":false},{"id":74398,"name":"International Entrepreneurship","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/International_Entrepreneurship?f_ri=74398","nofollow":false},{"id":100748,"name":"Small Firms","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Small_Firms?f_ri=74398","nofollow":false},{"id":2535283,"name":"New venture internationalization","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/New_venture_internationalization?f_ri=74398"},{"id":2535284,"name":"Intermediated mode of internationalization","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Intermediated_mode_of_internationalization?f_ri=74398"},{"id":2535285,"name":"Intermediated internationalization","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Intermediated_internationalization?f_ri=74398"},{"id":2535286,"name":"Value chain activities","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Value_chain_activities?f_ri=74398"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div></div><div class="u-taCenter Pagination"><ul class="pagination"><li class="next_page"><a href="/Documents/in/International_Entrepreneurship?after=50%2C28698261" rel="next">Next</a></li><li class="last next"><a href="/Documents/in/International_Entrepreneurship?page=last">Last »</a></li></ul></div></div><div class="hidden-xs hidden-sm"><div class="u-pl6x"><div style="width: 300px;"><div class="panel panel-flat u-mt7x"><div class="panel-heading u-p5x"><div class="u-tcGrayDark u-taCenter u-fw700 u-textUppercase">Related Topics</div></div><ul class="list-group"><li class="list-group-item media_v2 u-mt0x u-p3x"><div class="media-body"><div class="u-tcGrayDarker u-fw700"><a class="u-tcGrayDarker" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/_Family_Business_succession_transfer">(Family) Business succession/transfer</a></div></div><div class="media-right media-middle"><a class="u-tcGreen u-textDecorationNone u-linkUnstyled u-fw500 hidden" 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