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class="mw-body"> <div class="banner-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="pre-content heading-holder"> <div class="page-heading"> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-namespace">Wikipedia</span><span class="mw-page-title-separator">:</span><span class="mw-page-title-main">Namespace</span></h1> <div class="tagline"></div> </div> <ul id="p-associated-pages" class="minerva__tab-container"> <li class="minerva__tab selected"> <a class="minerva__tab-text" href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Namespace" rel="" data-event-name="tabs.subject">Project page</a> </li> <li class="minerva__tab "> <a class="minerva__tab-text" href="/wiki/Wikipedia_talk:Namespace" rel="" data-event-name="tabs.talk">Talk</a> </li> </ul> <nav class="page-actions-menu"> <ul id="p-views" class="page-actions-menu__list"> <li id="language-selector" class="page-actions-menu__list-item"> <a role="button" href="#p-lang" data-mw="interface" data-event-name="menu.languages" title="Language" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet language-selector"> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--language"></span> <span>Language</span> </a> </li> <li id="page-actions-watch" class="page-actions-menu__list-item"> <a role="button" id="ca-watch" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=Wikipedia%3ANamespace" data-event-name="menu.watch" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet menu__item--page-actions-watch"> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--star"></span> <span>Watch</span> </a> </li> <li id="page-actions-viewsource" class="page-actions-menu__list-item"> <a role="button" id="ca-edit" href="/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Namespace&action=edit" data-event-name="menu.viewsource" data-mw="interface" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large 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data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">"WP:NS" redirects here. Not to be confused with <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Nova_Scotia" title="Wikipedia:WikiProject Nova Scotia">Wikipedia:WikiProject Nova Scotia</a>.</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">"WP:NSPACE" redirects here. Not to be confused with <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Notability_(astronomical_objects)" title="Wikipedia:Notability (astronomical objects)">Wikipedia:Notability (astronomical objects)</a>.</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Wikipedia information page</div><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238436933">.mw-parser-output .ombox{margin:4px 0;border-collapse:collapse;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;background-color:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa);box-sizing:border-box;color:var(--color-base,#202122)}.mw-parser-output .ombox.mbox-small{font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ombox-speedy{border:2px solid #b32424;background-color:#fee7e6}.mw-parser-output .ombox-delete{border:2px solid #b32424}.mw-parser-output .ombox-content{border:1px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output .ombox-style{border:1px solid #fc3}.mw-parser-output .ombox-move{border:1px solid #9932cc}.mw-parser-output .ombox-protection{border:2px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .ombox .mbox-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.9em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ombox .mbox-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ombox .mbox-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ombox .mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output .ombox .mbox-invalid-type{text-align:center}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ombox{margin:4px 10%}.mw-parser-output .ombox.mbox-small{clear:right;float:right;margin:4px 0 4px 1em;width:238px}}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output table.ombox img{max-width:none!important}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .ombox-speedy{background-color:#310402}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ombox-speedy{background-color:#310402}}</style><table class="plainlinks ombox ombox-notice" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/1d/Information_icon4.svg/40px-Information_icon4.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/1d/Information_icon4.svg/60px-Information_icon4.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/1d/Information_icon4.svg/80px-Information_icon4.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="620" data-file-height="620"></span></span></td><td class="mbox-text"><div style="padding-top: 6px; padding-bottom: 5px;"><b>This is an <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Project_namespace#How-to_and_information_pages" title="Wikipedia:Project namespace">information page</a>.</b><br><div style="font-size: 90%;">It is not an <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:What_is_an_article%3F" title="Wikipedia:What is an article?">encyclopedic article</a>, nor one of <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Policies_and_guidelines" title="Wikipedia:Policies and guidelines">Wikipedia's policies or guidelines</a>; rather, its purpose is to explain certain aspects of Wikipedia's norms, customs, technicalities, or practices. It may reflect differing levels of <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Consensus" title="Wikipedia:Consensus">consensus</a> and <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Consensus#Achieving_consensus" title="Wikipedia:Consensus">vetting</a>.</div></div></td><td class="mbox-imageright"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1252059228">.mw-parser-output .module-shortcutboxplain{float:right;margin:0 0 0 1em;border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);background-color:var(--background-color-base,#fff);padding:0.3em 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em;text-align:center;font-size:85%}.mw-parser-output .module-shortcutboxleft{float:left;margin:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .module-shortcutlist{display:inline-block;border-bottom:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);margin-bottom:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .module-shortcutboxplain ul{font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .module-shortcutanchordiv{position:relative;top:-3em}.mw-parser-output li .module-shortcutanchordiv{float:right}.mw-parser-output .mbox-imageright .module-shortcutboxplain{padding:0.4em 1em 0.4em 1em;line-height:1.3;margin:0}</style><div class="module-shortcutanchordiv"><span id="WP:NS"></span><span id="WP:NSPACE"></span></div><div class="module-shortcutboxplain noprint" role="note"><div class="module-shortcutlist"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Shortcut" title="Wikipedia:Shortcut">Shortcuts</a></div><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:NS&redirect=no">WP:NS</a></span></li><li><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:NSPACE&redirect=no">WP:NSPACE</a></span></li></ul></div></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <table class="wikitable floatright" style="text-align: center; font-size: 85%"> <caption><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1045256916">.mw-parser-output .navbar-header{text-align:center;position:relative;white-space:nowrap}.mw-parser-output .navbar-header .navbar{position:absolute;right:0;top:0;margin:0 5px}</style><div class="navbar-header"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Administration#Data_structure_and_development" title="Wikipedia:Administration">Wikipedia data structure</a><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl 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abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Namespaces" title="Template:Namespaces"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Namespaces" title="Template talk:Namespaces"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Namespaces" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Namespaces"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div></div> </caption> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="4"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Namespaces</a> </th></tr> <tr> <th colspan="2"><a class="mw-selflink-fragment" href="#Subject_namespaces">Subject namespaces</a></th> <th colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Help:Talk_pages" title="Help:Talk pages">Talk namespaces</a> </th></tr> <tr> <th>0 </th> <td><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:What_is_an_article%3F#Namespace" title="Wikipedia:What is an article?">(Main/Article)</a></td> <td>Talk </td> <th>1 </th></tr> <tr> <th>2 </th> <td><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:User_pages" title="Wikipedia:User pages">User</a></td> <td>User talk </td> <th>3 </th></tr> <tr> <th>4 </th> <td><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Project_namespace" title="Wikipedia:Project namespace">Wikipedia</a></td> <td>Wikipedia talk </td> <th>5 </th></tr> <tr> <th>6 </th> <td><a href="/wiki/Help:Files" title="Help:Files">File</a></td> <td>File talk </td> <th>7 </th></tr> <tr> <th>8 </th> <td><a href="/wiki/Help:MediaWiki_namespace" title="Help:MediaWiki namespace">MediaWiki</a></td> <td>MediaWiki talk </td> <th>9 </th></tr> <tr> <th>10 </th> <td><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Template_namespace" title="Wikipedia:Template namespace">Template</a></td> <td>Template talk </td> <th>11 </th></tr> <tr> <th>12 </th> <td><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Help_namespace" title="Wikipedia:Help namespace">Help</a></td> <td>Help talk </td> <th>13 </th></tr> <tr> <th>14 </th> <td><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Category</a></td> <td>Category talk </td> <th>15 </th></tr> <tr> <th>100 </th> <td><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Portal" title="Wikipedia:Portal">Portal</a></td> <td>Portal talk </td> <th>101 </th></tr> <tr> <th>118 </th> <td><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Drafts" title="Wikipedia:Drafts">Draft</a></td> <td>Draft talk </td> <th>119 </th></tr> <tr> <th>126 </th> <td><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style">MOS</a></td> <td>MOS talk </td> <th>127 </th></tr> <tr> <th>710 </th> <td><a href="https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Extension:TimedMediaHandler" class="extiw" title="mw:Extension:TimedMediaHandler">TimedText</a></td> <td>TimedText talk </td> <th>711 </th></tr> <tr> <th>828 </th> <td><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Lua" title="Wikipedia:Lua">Module</a></td> <td>Module talk </td> <th>829 </th></tr> <tr> <th colspan="4"><a class="mw-selflink-fragment" href="#Former_namespaces">Former namespaces</a> </th></tr> <tr> <th>108 </th> <td><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Books" title="Wikipedia:Books">Book</a></td> <td>Book talk </td> <th>109 </th></tr> <tr> <th>442 </th> <td><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Course_pages#Education_Program_course_pages" title="Wikipedia:Course pages">Course</a></td> <td>Course talk </td> <th>443 </th></tr> <tr> <th>444 </th> <td><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Course_pages#Education_Program_institution_pages" title="Wikipedia:Course pages">Institution</a></td> <td>Institution talk </td> <th>445 </th></tr> <tr> <th>446 </th> <td><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Course_pages" title="Wikipedia:Course pages">Education Program</a></td> <td>Education Program talk </td> <th>447 </th></tr> <tr> <th>2300 </th> <td><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Gadget" title="Wikipedia:Gadget">Gadget</a></td> <td>Gadget talk </td> <th>2301 </th></tr> <tr> <th>2302 </th> <td><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Gadget" title="Wikipedia:Gadget">Gadget definition</a></td> <td>Gadget definition talk </td> <th>2303 </th></tr> <tr> <th>2600 </th> <td><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Flow" title="Wikipedia:Flow">Topic</a></td> <td> </td> <th>2601 </th></tr> <tr> <th colspan="4"><a class="mw-selflink-fragment" href="#Virtual_namespaces">Virtual namespaces</a> </th></tr> <tr> <th>-1 </th> <td colspan="3"><a href="/wiki/Help:Special_page" title="Help:Special page">Special</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th>-2 </th> <td colspan="3"><a href="/wiki/Help:Files" title="Help:Files">Media</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="4"><a href="/wiki/Special:NamespaceInfo" title="Special:NamespaceInfo">Current list</a> </td></tr></tbody></table> <p>A Wikipedia <b>namespace</b> is a set of Wikipedia pages whose <a href="/wiki/Help:Page_name" title="Help:Page name">names</a> begin with a particular reserved word recognized by the <a href="/wiki/MediaWiki" title="MediaWiki">MediaWiki</a> software (followed by a colon). For example, in the <i>user namespace</i> all titles begin with the prefix <i>User:</i>. In the case of the article (or main) namespace, in which encyclopedia articles appear, the reserved word and colon are absent. (Note: main space articles can optionally include a colon at the beginning with no reserved word, so <code>[[Article]]</code> and <code>[[:Article]]</code> are equivalent. This is usually only necessary for the advanced technique of <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Transclusion" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:Transclusion">transcluding</a> a main space article into a page in another namespace.) </p><p>Wikipedia has 28 current namespaces: 13 subject namespaces, 13 corresponding talk namespaces, and 2 virtual namespaces. These are all listed in the box to the right. While surfing Wikipedia, a list of namespaces is available in two clicks: do an empty search, then click <i>Advanced</i> under the search box. The list also makes itself available where needed in the dropdown menus of, for example, <a href="/wiki/Special:PrefixIndex" title="Special:PrefixIndex">Special:Prefixindex</a>, <a href="/wiki/Special:AllPages" title="Special:AllPages">Special:Allpages</a>, <a href="/wiki/Special:RecentChanges" title="Special:RecentChanges">Special:Recentchanges</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Special:Contributions" title="Special:Contributions">Special:Contributions</a>. </p><p>The aliases <b>WP</b> for <b>Wikipedia</b>, and <b>WT</b> for <b>Wikipedia talk</b>, work for page names in the search box, and making links as well as inclusions. See <a href="#Aliases">Aliases</a> below for other aliases. (The pseudo-namespaces such as <b>H</b> for <b>Help</b>, and <b>CAT</b> for <b>Category</b>, are extremely limited. See <i><a href="#Pseudo-namespaces">Pseudo-namespaces</a></i> below.) </p><p>The table on the right shows what number to use when you want to hide pages that are on your watchlist. See: <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Hide_Pages_in_Watchlist" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:Hide Pages in Watchlist">Wikipedia:Hide Pages in Watchlist</a> for details. </p><p>Previously, the Topic namespace was available for the <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Flow" title="Wikipedia:Flow">Flow project</a> but it has since been turned off on this wiki. </p> <div id="toc" class="toc" role="navigation" aria-labelledby="mw-toc-heading"><input type="checkbox" role="button" id="toctogglecheckbox" class="toctogglecheckbox" style="display:none"><div class="toctitle" lang="en" dir="ltr"><h2 id="mw-toc-heading">Contents</h2><span class="toctogglespan"><label class="toctogglelabel" for="toctogglecheckbox"></label></span></div> <ul> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-1"><a href="#Subject_namespaces"><span class="tocnumber">1</span> <span class="toctext">Subject namespaces</span></a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-2"><a href="#Current_namespaces"><span class="tocnumber">1.1</span> <span class="toctext">Current namespaces</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-3"><a href="#Former_namespaces"><span class="tocnumber">1.2</span> <span class="toctext">Former namespaces</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-4"><a href="#Aliases_and_pseudo-namespaces"><span class="tocnumber">1.3</span> <span class="toctext">Aliases and pseudo-namespaces</span></a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-5"><a href="#Talk_namespaces"><span class="tocnumber">2</span> <span class="toctext">Talk namespaces</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-6"><a href="#Virtual_namespaces"><span class="tocnumber">3</span> <span class="toctext">Virtual namespaces</span></a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-7"><a href="#Special"><span class="tocnumber">3.1</span> <span class="toctext">Special</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-8"><a href="#Media"><span class="tocnumber">3.2</span> <span class="toctext">Media</span></a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-9"><a href="#Aliases_and_pseudo-namespaces_2"><span class="tocnumber">4</span> <span class="toctext">Aliases and pseudo-namespaces</span></a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-10"><a href="#Aliases"><span class="tocnumber">4.1</span> <span class="toctext">Aliases</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-11"><a href="#Pseudo-namespaces"><span class="tocnumber">4.2</span> <span class="toctext">Pseudo-namespaces</span></a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-12"><a href="#Interwiki_and_interlanguage_links"><span class="tocnumber">5</span> <span class="toctext">Interwiki and interlanguage links</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-13"><a href="#Case_insensitivity"><span class="tocnumber">6</span> <span class="toctext">Case insensitivity</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-14"><a href="#Namespace-dependent_functionality"><span class="tocnumber">7</span> <span class="toctext">Namespace-dependent functionality</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-15"><a href="#Programming"><span class="tocnumber">8</span> <span class="toctext">Programming</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-16"><a href="#See_also"><span class="tocnumber">9</span> <span class="toctext">See also</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-17"><a href="#References"><span class="tocnumber">10</span> <span class="toctext">References</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 ext-discussiontools-init-section section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(1)"><span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span><h2 id="Subject_namespaces" data-mw-thread-id="h-Subject_namespaces"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Subject_namespaces"></span>Subject namespaces<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Subject_namespaces"></span></h2></div><section class="mf-section-1 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-1"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Further information: <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Administration#Data_structure_and_development" title="Wikipedia:Administration">Wikipedia:Administration § Data structure and development</a></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Policies_and_guidelines_indicator.png" class="mw-file-description"><noscript><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Policies_and_guidelines_indicator.png/350px-Policies_and_guidelines_indicator.png" decoding="async" width="350" height="162" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="540" data-file-height="250"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 350px;height: 162px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Policies_and_guidelines_indicator.png/350px-Policies_and_guidelines_indicator.png" data-width="350" data-height="162" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Policies_and_guidelines_indicator.png/525px-Policies_and_guidelines_indicator.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/6f/Policies_and_guidelines_indicator.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a><figcaption>This page is in the <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Project_namespace" title="Wikipedia:Project namespace">Wikipedia namespace</a>.</figcaption></figure> <p>Namespaces allow for the organization and separation of <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Administration#Content_namespaces" title="Wikipedia:Administration">content pages</a> from <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Administration#Administrative_namespaces" title="Wikipedia:Administration">administration pages</a>. Namespaces separate data into core sets, those intended for public viewing, and those intended for the editing community. Wikipedia's subject namespaces and their functions are listed below. A brief description is provided, but see the link for more information. </p><p><span class="anchor" id="subjectpage"></span>A namespace is sometimes called a <i>space</i>, for short, as in "Project space". A <i>subject page</i> and its <i>talk page</i> form a pair. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Current_namespaces" data-mw-thread-id="h-Current_namespaces-Subject_namespaces"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Current_namespaces-Subject_namespaces"></span>Current namespaces<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Current_namespaces-Subject_namespaces"></span></h3></div> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Main_namespace" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:Main namespace">Main namespace</a></b> (no prefix): contains all encyclopedia articles, lists, <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Disambiguation" title="Wikipedia:Disambiguation">disambiguation pages</a>, and encyclopedia <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Redirect" title="Wikipedia:Redirect">redirects</a>. Sometimes referred to as "mainspace" or "Article".</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:User_namespace" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:User namespace">User namespace</a></b> (prefix <b>User:</b>): contains user pages and other pages created by individual users for their own personal use. Pages under this namespace can still be viewed and modified by others, so do not keep any of your sensitive data here.</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Wikipedia_namespace" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:Wikipedia namespace">Wikipedia namespace</a></b> or <b><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Project_namespace" title="Wikipedia:Project namespace">Project namespace</a></b> (prefix <b>Wikipedia:</b>): contains many types of pages connected with the Wikipedia project itself: information, policies, guidelines, essays, processes, discussion, etc. <a class="mw-selflink-fragment" href="#Aliases">Namespace aliases</a>: <b>WP:</b> or <b>Project:</b></li> <li><span class="anchor" id="File"></span><span class="anchor" id="File_namespace"></span><b><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:File_namespace" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:File namespace">File namespace</a></b> (prefix <b>File:</b>): contains <a href="/wiki/Help:File_description_page" title="Help:File description page">description pages for media files</a> (images, videos, and audio files). A link starting with <code>[[File:</code> will display the media at that position on the page instead of showing a wikilink that leads to the specified file description page, so if you want the latter effect, use a link beginning with <code>[[:File:</code> (the <a href="/wiki/Help:Colon_trick" title="Help:Colon trick">colon trick</a>). Namespace alias: <b>Image:</b></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Help:MediaWiki_namespace" title="Help:MediaWiki namespace">MediaWiki namespace</a></b> (prefix <b>MediaWiki:</b>): a namespace containing interface texts, such as the links and messages that appear on automatically generated pages. Pages in this namespace are permanently <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Protection_policy" title="Wikipedia:Protection policy">protected</a> against editing by regular users. For a list of these messages, see <a href="/wiki/Special:AllMessages" title="Special:AllMessages">Special:AllMessages</a>. (The prefix <i>cannot</i> be shortened to "MW" because <b>mw</b> is an interwiki prefix. See <i><a href="#Interwiki_links">Interwiki links</a></i> below.)</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Template_namespace" title="Wikipedia:Template namespace">Template namespace</a></b> (prefix <b>Template:</b>): contains templates – pages that are intended primarily to be <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Transclusion" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:Transclusion">transcluded</a> or <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Substitution" title="Wikipedia:Substitution">substituted</a> onto other pages to insert standard text or boxes such as infoboxes and navigation boxes. <a class="mw-selflink-fragment" href="#Aliases">Namespace alias</a>: <b>TM:</b></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Help_namespace" title="Wikipedia:Help namespace">Help namespace</a></b> (prefix <b>Help:</b>): contains pages which provide help in using Wikipedia and its software, both for users of the encyclopedia and for editors.</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Category_namespace" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:Category namespace">Category namespace</a></b> (prefix <b>Category:</b>): contains category pages, which are curated lists of related pages and subcategories, along with optional additional text. A link beginning with <code>[[Category:</code> has the effect of adding the page the link appears on to the specified category; it will not result in a wikilink to the category page itself. If you want the latter, use the <a href="/wiki/Help:Colon_trick" title="Help:Colon trick">colon trick</a>: <code>[[:Category:</code>.</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Portal_namespace" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:Portal namespace">Portal namespace</a></b> (prefix <b>Portal:</b>): for reader-oriented portals that help readers find articles related to a specific topic, and may contain links to encourage contributions to relevant <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject" title="Wikipedia:WikiProject">WikiProjects</a>. See, for example, <a href="/wiki/Portal:Cricket" title="Portal:Cricket">Portal:Cricket</a> and <a href="/wiki/Portal:Spaceflight" title="Portal:Spaceflight">Portal:Spaceflight</a>.</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Draft_namespace" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:Draft namespace">Draft namespace</a></b> (prefix <b>Draft:</b>): hosts drafts of new (potential) Wikipedia articles.</li> <li><b><a href="https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Extension:TimedMediaHandler" class="extiw" title="mw:Extension:TimedMediaHandler">TimedText namespace</a></b> (prefix <b>TimedText:</b>): synchronized subtitles for media files.</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Module_namespace" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:Module namespace">Module namespace</a></b> (prefix <b>Module:</b>): contains <a href="https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Extension:Scribunto" class="extiw" title="mw:Extension:Scribunto">Scribunto</a> modules – Lua scripts implementing special-purpose <a href="https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Manual:Parser_functions" class="extiw" title="mw:Manual:Parser functions">parser functions</a> for use in templates, beyond the <a href="/wiki/Help:Magic_words#Parser_functions" title="Help:Magic words">basic set</a> included with MediaWiki and its <a href="https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Extensions_FAQ" class="extiw" title="mw:Extensions FAQ">extensions</a>.</li> <li><span class="anchor" id="MOS"></span><b><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style">MOS namespace</a></b> (prefix <b>MOS:</b>): contains redirects to subpages of <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style">WP:Manual of Style</a>. Until 2024 this was a pseudo-namespace, but it was turned into a real namespace in 2024 to avoid conflicts with the <a href="/wiki/Moor%C3%A9" title="Mooré">Mooré</a> Wikipedia (with the language code <code>mos:</code>).<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Former_namespaces" data-mw-thread-id="h-Former_namespaces-Subject_namespaces"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Former_namespaces-Subject_namespaces"></span>Former namespaces<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Former_namespaces-Subject_namespaces"></span></h3></div> <p>The following namespaces previously existed but no longer do: </p> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Flow" title="Wikipedia:Flow">Flow namespace</a></b> (prefix <b>Topic:</b>) was a proposed talk page replacement, formerly installed on English Wikipedia by <a href="https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Extension:StructuredDiscussions" class="extiw" title="mw:Extension:StructuredDiscussions">Extension:StructuredDiscussions</a>. It is no longer installed after being rejected by the community.</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Course_pages" title="Wikipedia:Course pages">Education Program namespace</a></b> (prefix <b>Education Program:</b>): uninstalled in 2018, and replaced with the <a href="https://outreachdashboard.wmflabs.org/" class="extiw" title="wmfdashboard:">Programs & Events Dashboard</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, the namespace was re-added later that year to allow access to old talk pages in the Education program talk: namespace. The namespace was then uninstalled again in 2021 after the remaining talk pages were moved to subpages of <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia_talk:Education_program_archive" title="Wikipedia talk:Education program archive">Wikipedia talk:Education program archive</a>.</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Books" title="Wikipedia:Books">Book namespace</a></b> (prefix <b>Book:</b>): contained entries for Wikipedia books, collections of articles about one theme, which were used to generate downloadable files or printable documents or order books from PediaPress. In 2017, the online book rendering service was withdrawn, leading to the removal of most links leading to the namespace in 2019. The namespace and its transclusions were still retained in the hope that the WMF would come up with a solution,<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> but in 2021 the namespace was uninstalled after all remaining books were moved to subpages of <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Books/archive" title="Wikipedia:Books/archive">Wikipedia:Books/archive</a>.</li> <li><b>Gadget namespace</b> (prefix <b>Gadget:</b>):<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> was intended to store <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Gadget" title="Wikipedia:Gadget">Gadgets</a>, which are small <a href="/wiki/Snippet_(programming)" title="Snippet (programming)">snippets</a> enabled in <a href="/wiki/Special:Preferences#mw-prefsection-gadgets" title="Special:Preferences">user preferences</a>, but was never used for anything other than redirects to the video game <i><a href="/wiki/Gadget:_Invention,_Travel,_%26_Adventure" title="Gadget: Invention, Travel, & Adventure">Gadget: Invention, Travel, & Adventure</a></i>, and for most of its existence could only be edited by WMF staff. Gadgets currently use the <a href="/wiki/Help:MediaWiki_namespace" title="Help:MediaWiki namespace">MediaWiki namespace</a> with the <i>MediaWiki:Gadget-</i> page name prefix. It was a <a href="https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Manual:Using_custom_namespaces" class="extiw" title="mw:Manual:Using custom namespaces">custom namespace</a> installed by the <a href="https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Extension:Gadgets" class="extiw" title="mw:Extension:Gadgets">Gadget extension</a>.</li> <li><b>Gadget definition namespace</b> (prefix <b>Gadget definition:</b>): installed but never used; see above for more information. Gadget definitions currently use the <a href="/wiki/MediaWiki:Gadgets-definition" title="MediaWiki:Gadgets-definition">MediaWiki:Gadgets-definition</a> page.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Aliases_and_pseudo-namespaces" data-mw-thread-id="h-Aliases_and_pseudo-namespaces-Subject_namespaces"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Aliases_and_pseudo-namespaces-Subject_namespaces"></span>Aliases and pseudo-namespaces<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Aliases_and_pseudo-namespaces-Subject_namespaces"></span></h3></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">"Wikipedia:Alias" redirects here. For template parameter aliases, see <a href="/wiki/Help:Template#Handling_parameters" title="Help:Template">Help:Template § Handling parameters</a>.</div> <p>An <i>alias</i> of a namespace is its namespace. For example, <b>WP:</b> is <b>Wikipedia:</b>, and so <code>[[Wikipedia:<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Page_name" title="Wikipedia:Page name"><i>Page name</i></a>]]</code> can be abbreviated <code>[[WP:<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Page_name" title="Wikipedia:Page name"><i>Page name</i></a>]]</code>. See <i><a href="#Aliases">Aliases</a></i> below, for a list of aliases, such as <b>WT:</b> for <b>Wikipedia talk:</b>. A <i>pseudo-namespace</i> is an agreement to create redirect pages named that way, each of which is a shortcut from mainspace to <i>a single page in its namespace</i>. So an alias refers to <i>any page in its namespace</i>, but a pseudo-namespace has far fewer pages than its real namespace. There are a few pseudo-namespace names like <b>H:</b> for <b>Help:</b>, and <b>CAT:</b> for <b>Category:</b>, and these can be discovered below in the section <i><a href="#Pseudo-namespaces">Pseudo-namespaces</a></i>. </p> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 ext-discussiontools-init-section section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(2)"><span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span><h2 id="Talk_namespaces" data-mw-thread-id="h-Talk_namespaces"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Talk_namespaces"></span><span id="Talk"></span><span id="Wikipedia_talk"></span><span id="WT"></span> Talk namespaces<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Talk_namespaces"></span></h2></div><section class="mf-section-2 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-2"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1252059228"><div class="module-shortcutanchordiv"><span id="WP:TALKSPACE"></span></div><div class="module-shortcutboxplain noprint" role="note"><div class="module-shortcutlist"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Shortcut" title="Wikipedia:Shortcut">Shortcut</a></div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:TALKSPACE&redirect=no">WP:TALKSPACE</a></span></li></ul></div></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main pages: <a href="/wiki/Help:Using_talk_pages" class="mw-redirect" title="Help:Using talk pages">Help:Using talk pages</a> and <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Talk_page_guidelines" title="Wikipedia:Talk page guidelines">Wikipedia:Talk page guidelines</a></div> <p>Each of the above namespaces (but not the virtual namespaces and the former Topic: namespace) has an associated <a href="/wiki/Help:Talk_page" class="mw-redirect" title="Help:Talk page">talk namespace</a>—these are also known as <i>discussion pages</i>. The talk namespaces are designated by appending the word <code>talk</code> to the namespace name. For example, the talk namespace associated with the user namespace has the prefix <b>User talk:</b>. The talk namespace associated with the article namespace is <b>Talk:</b>. </p><p>Most of the pages in the talk namespaces are used to discuss changes to the corresponding page in the associated namespace. Pages in the <i>user talk</i> namespace are used to leave messages for a particular user. The user talk namespace is special in that, whenever a user's talk page is edited, that user will see an orange box saying "You have new messages" on the top of every page that they view until they visit their talk page. By default, logged-in users will see <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Notifications" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:Notifications">a red notification square</a> <i>and</i> a small orange box on the top right hand corner of the page; IP users will only see a wide orange box spanning the top of the page. (Minor edits made by <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Bot_policy" title="Wikipedia:Bot policy">bots</a> no longer set off the new message bar. For logged-in users, the new-message bar may be disabled in <a href="/wiki/Special:Preferences" title="Special:Preferences">Special:Preferences</a>.) </p><p>Note that the prefix <b>WT:</b> expands to <b>Wikipedia talk:</b>, just as <b>WP:</b> expands to <b>Wikipedia:</b> (see <a href="#Aliases">Aliases</a> below). For example, [[WT:Verifiability]] links to <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia_talk:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia talk:Verifiability">Wikipedia talk:Verifiability</a>. </p><p><br> </p> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 ext-discussiontools-init-section section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(3)"><span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span><h2 id="Virtual_namespaces" data-mw-thread-id="h-Virtual_namespaces"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Virtual_namespaces"></span>Virtual namespaces<span id="Special"></span><span data-mw-comment-end="h-Virtual_namespaces"></span></h2></div><section class="mf-section-3 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-3"> <p>In addition to subject namespaces, and their corresponding talk pages, there are two virtual namespaces (without corresponding talk pages) for specialist purposes: </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Special" data-mw-thread-id="h-Special-Virtual_namespaces"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Special-Virtual_namespaces"></span>Special<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Special-Virtual_namespaces"></span></h3></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main page: <a href="/wiki/Help:Special_page" title="Help:Special page">Help:Special page</a></div> <p>The <i>Special:</i> namespace consists of pages (called <i>special pages</i>) that are created by the software on demand, such as <a href="/wiki/Special:RecentChanges" title="Special:RecentChanges">Special:RecentChanges</a>. These pages can be linked as usual, as with [[Special:RecentChanges]], except when they have parameters. To use parameters, the full URL must be given as an external link. For example, <a class="external free" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Recentchanges&days=3&limit=10">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Recentchanges&days=3&limit=10</a>, which returns the last ten changes in the last three days. </p><p>You can create a <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Redirect" title="Wikipedia:Redirect">redirect</a> to a Special page, but the redirect will not be followed automatically. </p><p>For a list of special pages, see <a href="/wiki/Special:SpecialPages" title="Special:SpecialPages">Special:SpecialPages</a>. </p><p><span class="anchor" id="Media"></span><span class="anchor" id="Media_namespace"></span> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Media" data-mw-thread-id="h-Media-Virtual_namespaces"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Media-Virtual_namespaces"></span>Media<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Media-Virtual_namespaces"></span></h3></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main page: <a href="/wiki/Help:Files" title="Help:Files">Help:Files</a></div> <p>The <i>Media:</i> namespace can be used to link directly to a file, rather than to the file description page. </p> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 ext-discussiontools-init-section section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(4)"><span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span><h2 id="Aliases_and_pseudo-namespaces_2" data-mw-thread-id="h-Aliases_and_pseudo-namespaces_2"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Aliases_and_pseudo-namespaces_2"></span>Aliases and pseudo-namespaces<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Aliases_and_pseudo-namespaces_2"></span></h2></div><section class="mf-section-4 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-4"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Further information: <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Shortcut#List_of_prefixes" title="Wikipedia:Shortcut">Wikipedia:Shortcut § List of prefixes</a></div> <p>Aliases and pseudo-namespaces are not namespaces in themselves; their main role is to provide handy ways to link to actual namespaces, by providing shortened links. </p><p>The main difference between them being the way they work for this purpose; while aliases directly link to namespaces, pseudo-namespaces can only link to other namespaces by using specialist <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Redirect" title="Wikipedia:Redirect">redirect pages</a> in the main namespace called <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Shortcut" title="Wikipedia:Shortcut">shortcuts</a>. While aliases are also used for shortcuts, this isn't necessary if the pagename is not shortened. </p><p>Pseudo-namespaces all actually reside in main namespace; but a pseudo-namespace called <a href="https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Help:Transwiki" class="extiw" title="m:Help:Transwiki">Transwiki:</a> exists as a pseudo-namespace before being moved to another namespace. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Aliases" data-mw-thread-id="h-Aliases-Aliases_and_pseudo-namespaces_2"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Aliases-Aliases_and_pseudo-namespaces_2"></span>Aliases<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Aliases-Aliases_and_pseudo-namespaces_2"></span></h3></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1252059228"><div class="module-shortcutanchordiv"><span id="WP:ALIAS"></span></div><div class="module-shortcutboxplain noprint" role="note"><div class="module-shortcutlist"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Shortcut" title="Wikipedia:Shortcut">Shortcut</a></div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:ALIAS&redirect=no">WP:ALIAS</a></span></li></ul></div></div> <p>There are seven aliases defined for namespaces, all of which are case-insensitive: </p> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th>Alias </th> <th>Namespace </th></tr> <tr> <td>WP</td> <td rowspan="2">Wikipedia </td></tr> <tr> <td>Project </td></tr> <tr> <td>WT</td> <td rowspan="2">Wikipedia talk </td></tr> <tr> <td>Project talk </td></tr> <tr> <td>Image</td> <td>File </td></tr> <tr> <td>Image talk</td> <td>File talk </td></tr> <tr> <td>TM</td> <td>Template </td></tr></tbody></table> <p>These aliases are automatically translated by the Wikipedia servers to the proper namespace prefix. So if a link is made to a page title beginning with one of these aliases, or else entered in the search box or used in a URL in a browser address bar, the alias links to the page with the corresponding true namespace prefix. Hence entering <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:External_links" title="Wikipedia:External links">WP:External links</a> or <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:External_links" title="Wikipedia:External links">Project:External links</a> is equivalent to entering <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:External_links" title="Wikipedia:External links">Wikipedia:External links</a>; and entering <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia_talk:External_links" title="Wikipedia talk:External links">WT:External links</a> or <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia_talk:External_links" title="Wikipedia talk:External links">Project talk:External links</a> is equivalent to entering <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia_talk:External_links" title="Wikipedia talk:External links">Wikipedia talk:External links</a>. </p><p>An alias cannot be used as the actual namespace in a page title. For example, you cannot create page <i>WP:123</i>; if tried, the page name is instantly converted to <i>Wikipedia:123</i>. It <i>is</i>, however, possible to <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Page_name#Changing_the_displayed_title" title="Wikipedia:Page name">change the <i>displayed</i> title</a> on page <i>Wikipedia:123</i> to make it <i>WP:123</i> or <i>Project:123</i>. </p><p><span class="plainlinks">This is very handy for the creation of <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Shortcut" title="Wikipedia:Shortcut">shortcuts</a>. For example, the shortcut for this section is <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:ALIAS" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:ALIAS">WP:ALIAS</a>, as shown in the right-side box. When the link is clicked, it is automatically translated to <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:ALIAS&redirect=no">Wikipedia:ALIAS</a>. At this page is a <a href="/wiki/Help:Redirect" title="Help:Redirect">redirect</a> to <a class="mw-selflink-fragment" href="#Aliases">Wikipedia:Namespace § Aliases</a>. This means that the shortcut goes directly to this section from anywhere on Wikipedia. It can also be entered as a <a href="/wiki/URL" title="URL">URL</a> in the browser address bar as <a class="external free" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/WP:ALIAS">https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/WP:ALIAS</a> .</span> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Pseudo-namespaces" data-mw-thread-id="h-Pseudo-namespaces-Aliases_and_pseudo-namespaces_2"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Pseudo-namespaces-Aliases_and_pseudo-namespaces_2"></span>Pseudo-namespaces<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Pseudo-namespaces-Aliases_and_pseudo-namespaces_2"></span></h3></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1252059228"><div class="module-shortcutanchordiv"><span id="WP:PNS"></span></div><div class="module-shortcutboxplain noprint" role="note"><div class="module-shortcutlist"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Shortcut" title="Wikipedia:Shortcut">Shortcut</a></div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:PNS&redirect=no">WP:PNS</a></span></li></ul></div></div> <p>Apart from Wikipedia's 24 regular namespaces and their aliases, and 2 virtual ones, there are several title prefixes appearing in <a href="/wiki/Help:Shortcut" class="mw-redirect" title="Help:Shortcut">shortcut redirects</a> pointing to frequently-referred-to Wikipedia pages. These prefixes are referred to as <b>pseudo-namespaces</b> and include the following: </p> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Special:PrefixIndex/CAT:" title="Special:PrefixIndex/CAT:">CAT:</a></b> for shortcuts to the <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Category_namespace" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:Category namespace">Category namespace</a>. See also <a href="/wiki/Category:Redirects_to_category_space" title="Category:Redirects to category space">Category:Redirects to category space</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Special:PrefixIndex/H:" title="Special:PrefixIndex/H:">H:</a></b> for shortcuts to the <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Help_namespace" title="Wikipedia:Help namespace">Help namespace</a>. See also <a href="/wiki/Category:Redirects_to_help_namespace" title="Category:Redirects to help namespace">Category:Redirects to help namespace</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Special:PrefixIndex/P:" title="Special:PrefixIndex/P:">P:</a></b> for shortcuts to the <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Portal_namespace" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:Portal namespace">Portal namespace</a>. See also <a href="/wiki/Category:Redirects_to_portal_namespace" title="Category:Redirects to portal namespace">Category:Redirects to portal namespace</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Special:PrefixIndex/T:" title="Special:PrefixIndex/T:">T:</a></b> for shortcuts to the <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Template_namespace" title="Wikipedia:Template namespace">Template namespace</a>. See also <a href="/wiki/Category:Redirects_to_template_namespace" title="Category:Redirects to template namespace">Category:Redirects to template namespace</a></li></ul> <p>A more complete list is available at <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Shortcut#List_of_prefixes" title="Wikipedia:Shortcut">Wikipedia:Shortcut § List of prefixes</a>. </p><p>Pseudo-namespaces are not in any way recognised by the wiki software; they are purely a community custom. Titles in pseudo-namespaces actually belong technically in the main (article) namespace and are treated as such by the software: they are case-sensitive and appear in <a href="/wiki/Help:Search#Syntax" class="mw-redirect" title="Help:Search">search results</a> restricted to the main namespace. An alias is treated like a real namespace, resulting in a search for the <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Page_name" title="Wikipedia:Page name">pagename</a> in its namespace, but the "pseudo-namespace:pagename" search is in mainspace, not its pseudo-namespace. For example, searching for "H:S" will not search <b>Help</b>. </p><p>To learn some of these shortcuts, first follow the pseudo-namespace link above, then follow one of the redirects listed on that page. It will take you to the target, where you then notice any <span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Shortcut" title="Template:Shortcut">shortcut</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span> boxes to the right of the page, which may also list some additional shortcuts to that same area. By observing these steps repeatedly, you can discover ways to shorten your typing. You will use pseudo-namespace names more often if you are an advanced editor, highly active in many namespaces, or constantly linking to pages that have a pseudo-namespace shortcut. </p><p>To understand the appropriateness of redirects of this type, see <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Cross-namespace_redirects" title="Wikipedia:Cross-namespace redirects">Wikipedia:Cross-namespace redirects</a>. All shortcuts are discoverable by <a href="/wiki/Help:Searching" title="Help:Searching">searching</a> for redirects. There is also the category <a href="/wiki/Category:Wikipedia_redirects" title="Category:Wikipedia redirects">Wikipedia redirects</a>. </p><p>As a final example, every <a href="/wiki/Wikimedia_Foundation" title="Wikimedia Foundation">Wikimedia Foundation</a> project has a "<a href="https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Help:Transwiki" class="extiw" title="m:Help:Transwiki">Transwiki:</a>" pseudo-namespace (sometimes a real namespace) for importing articles manually. A wiki project that would manually move many pages between <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Sister" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:Sister">sister projects</a> uses this tag. Redirects/shortcuts are not directly involved here, as described above. Instead, the page title is <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Move" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:Move">moved</a> to "Transwiki:<i>namespace:pagename</i>", and that content is then copied and pasted into a new page name of that temporary title on the target wiki. When it is accepted, the title is then moved out of the <b>Transwiki</b> pseudo-namespace there and becomes a real page name in its respective namespace. </p> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 ext-discussiontools-init-section section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(5)"><span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span><h2 id="Interwiki_and_interlanguage_links" data-mw-thread-id="h-Interwiki_and_interlanguage_links"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Interwiki_and_interlanguage_links"></span><span id="Interwiki_links"></span>Interwiki and interlanguage links<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Interwiki_and_interlanguage_links"></span></h2></div><section class="mf-section-5 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-5"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Further information: <a href="/wiki/Help:Interwiki_linking" title="Help:Interwiki linking">Help:Interwiki linking</a> and <a href="/wiki/Help:Interlanguage_links" title="Help:Interlanguage links">Help:Interlanguage links</a></div> <p><a href="https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Table_of_Wikimedia_projects" class="extiw" title="m:Table of Wikimedia projects">Interwiki</a> and <a href="https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/List_of_Wikipedias" class="extiw" title="m:List of Wikipedias">interlanguage</a> prefixes do not define namespaces, but point to pages in other Wikimedia projects, outside the en.wikipedia.org website. They are mentioned here because they use a namespace-like prefix technique for linking. Examples of interwiki prefixes include <b>w:</b> for Wikipedia; <b>m:</b> (or <b>meta:</b>) for <a href="/wiki/Meta-Wiki" class="mw-redirect" title="Meta-Wiki">Meta-Wiki</a>, <b>mw:</b> for <a href="/wiki/MediaWiki" title="MediaWiki">MediaWiki</a>, and <b>wikt:</b> for <a href="/wiki/Wiktionary" title="Wiktionary">Wiktionary</a>. Examples of interlanguage prefixes include <b>en:</b> for English language, <b>fr:</b> for French language, and <b>de:</b> for German language. </p><p>Important points to note: </p> <ul><li>In the presence of an interwiki prefix and the absence of an interlanguage prefix, the link will be to a specified project in the current language. So <code>[[w:Internet]]</code> links to "<a href="/wiki/Internet" title="Internet">Internet</a>" on the English Wikipedia, if the link is on any English-language Wikimedia project.</li> <li>In the presence of an interlanguage prefix and the absence of an interwiki prefix, the link will be to a specified language in the current project. So <code>[[:en:Internet]]</code> will link to "<a href="/wiki/Internet" title="Internet">Internet</a>" on the English Wikipedia, if the link is on a Wikipedia project in any language.</li></ul> <p>When making links to other language Wikipedias, add an initial colon if you want the link to appear inline rather than in the skin's sidebar under "Languages"; see <a href="/wiki/Help:Colon_trick" title="Help:Colon trick">Help:Colon trick</a> for an explanation. So <code>[[:de:Internet]]</code> is an inline link to "<a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet" class="extiw" title="de:Internet">Internet</a>" in the German Wikipedia; but if using an interwiki prefix this is unnecessary, for example <code>[[w:de:Internet]]</code> is the same inline link. </p><p>Further examples: </p> <ul><li><a href="https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Meta:Babel" class="extiw" title="m:Meta:Babel">m:Meta:Babel</a> and <a href="https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Meta:Babel" class="extiw" title="meta:Meta:Babel">meta:Meta:Babel</a> both link to the "Babel" page in the project namespace (Meta:, the 2nd prefix) of Meta-Wiki (m: or meta:, the 1st prefix).</li> <li><a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/fr:Discuter:pied/fusion_daf" class="extiw" title="wikt:fr:Discuter:pied/fusion daf">wikt:fr:Discuter:pied/fusion daf</a> links to the "pied/fusion daf" page in the talk namespace (Discuter:, the 3rd prefix) of French (fr:, the 2nd prefix) Wiktionary (wikt:, the 1st prefix).</li></ul> <p>Interwiki prefixes are not just for Wikimedia projects. For example, <a href="https://www.dict.org/bin/Dict?Database=*&Form=Dict1&Strategy=*&Query=" class="extiw" title="dictionary:">Dictionary:</a> is the interwiki link for <a href="/wiki/Dict.org" class="mw-redirect" title="Dict.org">dict.org</a> (the DICT Development Group). For a complete list of interwiki prefixes, see the <a href="https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Interwiki_map" class="extiw" title="m:Interwiki map">interwiki map</a> and <a href="https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:Interwiki" class="extiw" title="m:Special:Interwiki">interwiki table</a>. </p><p>As with aliases, it is not possible to create a page with a title beginning with an interwiki or interlanguage prefix. It is also not possible to create redirects to interwiki pages, unless it is a <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Soft_redirect" title="Wikipedia:Soft redirect">soft redirect</a>. </p> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 ext-discussiontools-init-section section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(6)"><span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span><h2 id="Case_insensitivity" data-mw-thread-id="h-Case_insensitivity"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Case_insensitivity"></span>Case insensitivity<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Case_insensitivity"></span></h2></div><section class="mf-section-6 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-6"> <p>Standard namespace names, aliases and interwiki prefixes are case insensitive. The same applies to the first character after the colon. Hence the following all link to the same page: </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Afd" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:Afd">Wikipedia:Afd</a>, <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Afd" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:Afd">WIKIPEDIA:Afd</a>, <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Afd" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:Afd">wIKIpedia:Afd</a>, <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Afd" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:Afd">wikipedia:afd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Afd" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:Afd">wP:Afd</a>, <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Afd" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:Afd">wp:Afd</a>, <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Afd" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:Afd">WP:afd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Afd" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:Afd">PROJECT:Afd</a>, <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Afd" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:Afd">project:Afd</a>, <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Afd" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:Afd">ProjecT:Afd</a>, <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Afd" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:Afd">Project:afd</a></li></ul> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 ext-discussiontools-init-section section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(7)"><span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span><h2 id="Namespace-dependent_functionality" data-mw-thread-id="h-Namespace-dependent_functionality"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Namespace-dependent_functionality"></span>Namespace-dependent functionality<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Namespace-dependent_functionality"></span></h2></div><section class="mf-section-7 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-7"> <p>The namespace name is a useful variable for searching in and reporting on sets of <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Page_name" title="Wikipedia:Page name">pages</a>. It is also used to apply features that configure the sets of pages in one namespace differently from another namespace. Using the namespace name MediaWiki can: </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Search" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:Search">Search</a> for pages in a particular namespace only.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Special_page" title="Help:Special page">Report</a> on <a href="/wiki/Special:AllPages" title="Special:AllPages">content</a> or <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Recent_changes" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:Recent changes">changes in content</a> of a namespace.</li> <li>Enable or disable the <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Subpage" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:Subpage">subpage</a> feature, per namespace.</li> <li>Offer a <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Random_article" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:Random article">random article</a> for the mainspace (<kbd>[[Special:Random]]</kbd>), or for a namespace <kbd>[[Special:Random/<i>Namespace</i>]]</kbd>.</li> <li>Change the functionality of <kbd>[[<i>wikilink</i>]]</kbd> if it targets the <b>Category</b> namespace or <b>File</b> namespace. Normally wikilinks are activated by the mouse, but <kbd>[[Category:<i>Pagename</i>]]</kbd> activates software functionality when the <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Category" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:Category">page is saved</a>, and <kbd>[[File:<i>Page name</i>]]</kbd> activates software functionality when the <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Image" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:Image">page is rendered</a>.</li> <li>Change the functionality of <kbd>{{<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Transclusion" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:Transclusion">pagename</a>}}</kbd> so that it defaults to the set of pagenames in <b>Template</b>.</li> <li>Tailor <i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Edit_notices" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:Edit notices">edit notices</a></i> to a particular namespace's edit page, informing an editor of certain aspects about the content of that namespace.</li> <li>Allow <i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Templates" title="Wikipedia:Templates">templates</a></i> to behave differently on pages of different namespaces.</li></ul> <p>The namespace functionality is often visible in the URL, where you will see a namespace number. These are given in the table below. </p><p>Subpages are configured for all namespaces except Main, File, MediaWiki and Category namespaces. Subpages are configured in the software by enabling or disabling the subpage feature per namespace. This further extends the function of a namespace by extending the types of pages or topics of pages a namespace can home. For example, talk page <i>/archives</i> are subpages, and they are both namespace searchable and page name searchable from the search box, unlike <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Page_history" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:Page history">history pages</a>, which are in no namespace. Another example is in the Template namespace where it is routine to put the documentation in a subpage called <i>/doc</i>. </p><p>Random pages are enabled, in the default software configuration, only for the mainspace. </p><p>Searching and reporting can operate over the entire database, or they can be limited to a namespace, and so they will offer a list of all the namespaces currently configured. <a href="/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere" title="Special:WhatLinksHere">Special:WhatLinksHere</a> also offers a list of namespaces. </p> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 ext-discussiontools-init-section section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(8)"><span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span><h2 id="Programming" data-mw-thread-id="h-Programming"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Programming"></span>Programming<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Programming"></span></h2></div><section class="mf-section-8 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-8"> <p><span class="anchor" id="Enumeration"></span> The 28 namespaces in the English Wikipedia are numbered for programming purposes. The prefix for each namespace is generated by a <a href="https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Help:Variable" class="extiw" title="m:Help:Variable">variable</a>, using the <a href="/wiki/Help:Magic_words#Paths" title="Help:Magic words">magic word</a> <code class="mw-highlight mw-highlight-lang-wikitext mw-content-ltr" dir="ltr"><span class="p">{{</span><span class="nt">ns</span><span class="p">}}</span></code>, in the form <code class="mw-highlight mw-highlight-lang-wikitext mw-content-ltr" dir="ltr"><span class="p">{{</span><span class="nf">ns</span><span class="p">:</span>xx<span class="p">}}</span></code>, as shown in the table below. </p> <table border="0" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th>Namespace variable </th> <th>Result (namespace name) </th> <th>Namespace variable </th> <th>Result (talk namespace name) </th></tr> <tr> <td><code class="mw-highlight mw-highlight-lang-wikitext mw-content-ltr" dir="ltr"><span class="p">{{</span><span class="nf">ns</span><span class="p">:</span>-2<span class="p">}}</span></code> </td> <td>Media </td> <td> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><code class="mw-highlight mw-highlight-lang-wikitext mw-content-ltr" dir="ltr"><span class="p">{{</span><span class="nf">ns</span><span class="p">:</span>-1<span class="p">}}</span></code> </td> <td>Special </td> <td> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><code class="mw-highlight mw-highlight-lang-wikitext mw-content-ltr" dir="ltr"><span class="p">{{</span><span class="nf">ns</span><span class="p">:</span>0<span class="p">}}</span></code> </td> <td>(main namespace, returns empty string) </td> <td><code class="mw-highlight mw-highlight-lang-wikitext mw-content-ltr" dir="ltr"><span class="p">{{</span><span class="nf">ns</span><span class="p">:</span>1<span class="p">}}</span></code> </td> <td>Talk </td></tr> <tr> <td><code class="mw-highlight mw-highlight-lang-wikitext mw-content-ltr" dir="ltr"><span class="p">{{</span><span class="nf">ns</span><span class="p">:</span>2<span class="p">}}</span></code> </td> <td>User </td> <td><code class="mw-highlight mw-highlight-lang-wikitext mw-content-ltr" dir="ltr"><span class="p">{{</span><span class="nf">ns</span><span class="p">:</span>3<span class="p">}}</span></code> </td> <td>User talk </td></tr> <tr> <td><code class="mw-highlight mw-highlight-lang-wikitext mw-content-ltr" dir="ltr"><span class="p">{{</span><span class="nf">ns</span><span class="p">:</span>4<span class="p">}}</span></code> </td> <td>Wikipedia </td> <td><code class="mw-highlight mw-highlight-lang-wikitext mw-content-ltr" dir="ltr"><span class="p">{{</span><span class="nf">ns</span><span class="p">:</span>5<span class="p">}}</span></code> </td> <td>Wikipedia talk </td></tr> <tr> <td><code class="mw-highlight mw-highlight-lang-wikitext mw-content-ltr" dir="ltr"><span class="p">{{</span><span class="nf">ns</span><span class="p">:</span>6<span class="p">}}</span></code> </td> <td>File </td> <td><code class="mw-highlight mw-highlight-lang-wikitext mw-content-ltr" dir="ltr"><span class="p">{{</span><span class="nf">ns</span><span class="p">:</span>7<span class="p">}}</span></code> </td> <td>File talk </td></tr> <tr> <td><code class="mw-highlight mw-highlight-lang-wikitext mw-content-ltr" dir="ltr"><span class="p">{{</span><span class="nf">ns</span><span class="p">:</span>8<span class="p">}}</span></code> </td> <td>MediaWiki </td> <td><code class="mw-highlight mw-highlight-lang-wikitext mw-content-ltr" dir="ltr"><span class="p">{{</span><span class="nf">ns</span><span class="p">:</span>9<span class="p">}}</span></code> </td> <td>MediaWiki talk </td></tr> <tr> <td><code class="mw-highlight mw-highlight-lang-wikitext mw-content-ltr" dir="ltr"><span class="p">{{</span><span class="nf">ns</span><span class="p">:</span>10<span class="p">}}</span></code> </td> <td>Template </td> <td><code class="mw-highlight mw-highlight-lang-wikitext mw-content-ltr" dir="ltr"><span class="p">{{</span><span class="nf">ns</span><span class="p">:</span>11<span class="p">}}</span></code> </td> <td>Template talk </td></tr> <tr> <td><code class="mw-highlight mw-highlight-lang-wikitext mw-content-ltr" dir="ltr"><span class="p">{{</span><span class="nf">ns</span><span class="p">:</span>12<span class="p">}}</span></code> </td> <td>Help </td> <td><code class="mw-highlight mw-highlight-lang-wikitext mw-content-ltr" dir="ltr"><span class="p">{{</span><span class="nf">ns</span><span class="p">:</span>13<span class="p">}}</span></code> </td> <td>Help talk </td></tr> <tr> <td><code class="mw-highlight mw-highlight-lang-wikitext mw-content-ltr" dir="ltr"><span class="p">{{</span><span class="nf">ns</span><span class="p">:</span>14<span class="p">}}</span></code> </td> <td>Category </td> <td><code class="mw-highlight mw-highlight-lang-wikitext mw-content-ltr" dir="ltr"><span class="p">{{</span><span class="nf">ns</span><span class="p">:</span>15<span class="p">}}</span></code> </td> <td>Category talk </td></tr> <tr> <td><code class="mw-highlight mw-highlight-lang-wikitext mw-content-ltr" dir="ltr"><span class="p">{{</span><span class="nf">ns</span><span class="p">:</span>100<span class="p">}}</span></code> </td> <td>Portal </td> <td><code class="mw-highlight mw-highlight-lang-wikitext mw-content-ltr" dir="ltr"><span class="p">{{</span><span class="nf">ns</span><span class="p">:</span>101<span class="p">}}</span></code> </td> <td>Portal talk </td></tr> <tr> <td><code class="mw-highlight mw-highlight-lang-wikitext mw-content-ltr" dir="ltr"><span class="p">{{</span><span class="nf">ns</span><span class="p">:</span>118<span class="p">}}</span></code> </td> <td>Draft </td> <td><code class="mw-highlight mw-highlight-lang-wikitext mw-content-ltr" dir="ltr"><span class="p">{{</span><span class="nf">ns</span><span class="p">:</span>119<span class="p">}}</span></code> </td> <td>Draft talk </td></tr> <tr> <td><code class="mw-highlight mw-highlight-lang-wikitext mw-content-ltr" dir="ltr"><span class="p">{{</span><span class="nf">ns</span><span class="p">:</span>126<span class="p">}}</span></code> </td> <td>MOS </td> <td><code class="mw-highlight mw-highlight-lang-wikitext mw-content-ltr" dir="ltr"><span class="p">{{</span><span class="nf">ns</span><span class="p">:</span>127<span class="p">}}</span></code> </td> <td>MOS talk </td></tr> <tr> <td><code class="mw-highlight mw-highlight-lang-wikitext mw-content-ltr" dir="ltr"><span class="p">{{</span><span class="nf">ns</span><span class="p">:</span>710<span class="p">}}</span></code> </td> <td>TimedText </td> <td><code class="mw-highlight mw-highlight-lang-wikitext mw-content-ltr" dir="ltr"><span class="p">{{</span><span class="nf">ns</span><span class="p">:</span>711<span class="p">}}</span></code> </td> <td>TimedText talk </td></tr> <tr> <td><code class="mw-highlight mw-highlight-lang-wikitext mw-content-ltr" dir="ltr"><span class="p">{{</span><span class="nf">ns</span><span class="p">:</span>828<span class="p">}}</span></code> </td> <td>Module </td> <td><code class="mw-highlight mw-highlight-lang-wikitext mw-content-ltr" dir="ltr"><span class="p">{{</span><span class="nf">ns</span><span class="p">:</span>829<span class="p">}}</span></code> </td> <td>Module talk </td></tr></tbody></table> <p>Alternative variables are available for most namespaces, for example <code class="mw-highlight mw-highlight-lang-wikitext mw-content-ltr" dir="ltr"><span class="p">{{</span><span class="nf">ns</span><span class="p">:</span>talk<span class="p">}}</span></code>, <code class="mw-highlight mw-highlight-lang-wikitext mw-content-ltr" dir="ltr"><span class="p">{{</span><span class="nf">ns</span><span class="p">:</span>user<span class="p">}}</span></code>, and <code class="mw-highlight mw-highlight-lang-wikitext mw-content-ltr" dir="ltr"><span class="p">{{</span><span class="nf">ns</span><span class="p">:</span>user_talk<span class="p">}}</span></code> for <code class="mw-highlight mw-highlight-lang-wikitext mw-content-ltr" dir="ltr"><span class="p">{{</span><span class="nf">ns</span><span class="p">:</span>1<span class="p">}}</span></code>, <code class="mw-highlight mw-highlight-lang-wikitext mw-content-ltr" dir="ltr"><span class="p">{{</span><span class="nf">ns</span><span class="p">:</span>2<span class="p">}}</span></code> and <code class="mw-highlight mw-highlight-lang-wikitext mw-content-ltr" dir="ltr"><span class="p">{{</span><span class="nf">ns</span><span class="p">:</span>3<span class="p">}}</span></code>. The portal namespace is numbered in the 100-plus range, as are all MediaWiki nonstandard namespaces. It is also possible to use <span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Namespace_name" title="Template:Namespace name">Namespace name</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span> for this, i.e. "<code class="mw-highlight mw-highlight-lang-wikitext mw-content-ltr" dir="ltr"><span class="p">{{</span><span class="nt">Namespace name</span><span class="p">|</span>711<span class="p">}}</span></code>" produces "TimedText talk". </p><p>All namespaces with a positive number or zero in this list are searchable. Specifically, the Media and Special namespaces are not searchable. </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Help:Magic_words" title="Help:Magic words">magic word</a> <code class="mw-highlight mw-highlight-lang-wikitext mw-content-ltr" dir="ltr"><span class="p">{{</span><span class="nf">NAMESPACE</span><span class="p">}}</span></code> returns the namespace prefix of the current page. This can be used in combination with other magic words and <a href="https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Help:ParserFunctions" class="extiw" title="meta:Help:ParserFunctions">parser functions</a> to change the appearance of <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Template" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:Template">templates</a> depending on the namespace in which they are transcluded. </p><p>Meta-templates have been created to simplify this process. These include the simple template <span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Main_other" title="Template:Main other">main other</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span>, and the more complex and versatile <span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Namespace_detect" title="Template:Namespace detect">namespace detect</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span>. </p><p>For information on changing the appearance of a page or template by namespace based on CSS, see <b>CSS</b> section of <a href="https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Help:Namespaces#Identifying_namespaces" class="extiw" title="mw:Help:Namespaces">Identifying namespaces</a> on the MediaWiki help page. </p> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 ext-discussiontools-init-section section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(9)"><span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span><h2 id="See_also" data-mw-thread-id="h-See_also"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-See_also"></span>See also<span data-mw-comment-end="h-See_also"></span></h2></div><section class="mf-section-9 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-9"> <div style="margin:.1em; float:right; border: 1px solid #aaa; padding: 2px; background-color:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle, #f8f9fa); color:inherit;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Help_desk" title="Wikipedia:Help desk"><noscript><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/e0/Symbol_question.svg/20px-Symbol_question.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="21" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 20px;height: 21px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/e0/Symbol_question.svg/20px-Symbol_question.svg.png" data-width="20" data-height="21" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/e0/Symbol_question.svg/30px-Symbol_question.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/e0/Symbol_question.svg/40px-Symbol_question.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Help_desk" title="Wikipedia:Help desk">Help desk</a></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Page_name" title="Wikipedia:Page name">Wikipedia:Page name</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Controlling_search_engine_indexing" title="Wikipedia:Controlling search engine indexing">Wikipedia:Controlling search engine indexing</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Help:Namespaces" class="extiw" title="mw:Help:Namespaces">MediaWiki help page on namespaces</a>, for general MediaWiki technical information</li> <li><a href="https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Extension_default_namespaces" class="extiw" title="mw:Extension default namespaces">mw:Extension default namespaces</a>, for namespaces added by extensions</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Special:NamespaceInfo" title="Special:NamespaceInfo">Special:NamespaceInfo</a> - automated listing of information for configured namespaces</li></ul> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 ext-discussiontools-init-section section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(10)"><span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span><h2 id="References" data-mw-thread-id="h-References"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-References"></span>References<span data-mw-comment-end="h-References"></span></h2></div><section class="mf-section-10 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-10"> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T363538" class="extiw" title="phab:T363538">phab:T363538</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="https://outreach.wikimedia.org/wiki/Education/News/January_2018/Education_Extension_scheduled_shutdown" class="extiw" title="outreach:Education/News/January 2018/Education Extension scheduled shutdown">Education Extension scheduled shutdown</a>, Wikimedia outreach</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Education_noticeboard/Archive_18#NOTICE:_EducationProgram_extension_is_being_deprecated" title="Wikipedia:Education noticeboard/Archive 18">Wikipedia:Education noticeboard/Archive 18 § NOTICE: EducationProgram extension is being deprecated</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Village_pump_(technical)/Archive_176#Suppress_rendering_of_Template:Wikipedia_books" title="Wikipedia:Village pump (technical)/Archive 176">Wikipedia:Village pump (technical)/Archive 176 § Suppress rendering of Template:Wikipedia books</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Village_pump_(technical)/Archive_139#New_%22Gadget:%22_and_%22Gadget_definition:%22_namespaces?" title="Wikipedia:Village pump (technical)/Archive 139">Wikipedia:Village pump (technical)/Archive 139 § New "Gadget:" and "Gadget definition:" namespaces?</a></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow{padding:0.25em 1em;line-height:1.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group{white-space:nowrap;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{background-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list{line-height:1.5em;border-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list-with-group{text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid}.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-group,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-image,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-list{border-top:2px solid #fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title{background-color:#ccf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-title{background-color:#ddf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-abovebelow{background-color:#e6e6ff}.mw-parser-output .navbox-even{background-color:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Wikipedia_technical_help" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="text-align: center;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Wikipedia_technical_help" title="Template:Wikipedia technical help"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Wikipedia_technical_help" title="Template talk:Wikipedia technical help"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Wikipedia_technical_help" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Wikipedia technical help"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Wikipedia_technical_help" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Directory#Technical_help" title="Help:Directory">Wikipedia technical help</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="text-align: center;"><div><b>Get personal technical help at <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Teahouse" title="Wikipedia:Teahouse">the Teahouse</a>, <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Help_desk" title="Wikipedia:Help desk">help desk</a>, <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Village_pump_(technical)" title="Wikipedia:Village pump (technical)">village pump (technical)</a>, <a href="/wiki/Help:Introduction_to_talk_pages/1" title="Help:Introduction to talk pages/1">talk pages</a> or <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:IRC" title="Wikipedia:IRC">IRC</a>.</b></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align: center;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:FAQ/Technical" title="Wikipedia:FAQ/Technical">General<br>technical help</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Browser_notes" title="Wikipedia:Browser notes">Browser notes</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Bypass_your_cache" title="Wikipedia:Bypass your cache">Bypass cache</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Keyboard_shortcuts" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:Keyboard shortcuts">Keyboard shortcuts</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Editing" title="Help:Editing">Editing</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Help:CharInsert" title="Help:CharInsert">CharInsert</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Edit_conflict" title="Help:Edit conflict">Edit conflict</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Edit_toolbar" title="Help:Edit toolbar">Edit toolbar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Reverting" title="Help:Reverting">Reverting</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:How_to_create_a_page" title="Wikipedia:How to create a page">How to create a page</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:IRC" title="Wikipedia:IRC">IRC</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:IRC/Tutorial" title="Wikipedia:IRC/Tutorial">Tutorial</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Mobile_access" title="Help:Mobile access">Mobile access</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Multilingual_support" title="Help:Multilingual support">Multilingual support</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Page_history" title="Help:Page history">Page history</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Page_information" title="Help:Page information">Page information</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Page_name" title="Wikipedia:Page name">Page name</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Help:Page_name" title="Help:Page name">Help</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Printing" title="Help:Printing">Printing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Software_notices" title="Wikipedia:Software notices">Software notices</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Editnotice" title="Wikipedia:Editnotice">Editnotice</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Special_characters" title="Help:Special characters">Special Characters</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Help:Entering_special_characters" title="Help:Entering special characters">Entering</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:User_access_levels" title="Wikipedia:User access levels">User access levels</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:VisualEditor" title="Wikipedia:VisualEditor">VisualEditor</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Help:VisualEditor" title="Help:VisualEditor">Help</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align: center;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Special:SpecialPages" title="Special:SpecialPages">Special<br>page</a>-related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Help:Special_page" title="Help:Special page">Special page help</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:AllPages" title="Help:AllPages">AllPages</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Edit_filter" title="Wikipedia:Edit filter">Edit filter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Emailing_users" title="Wikipedia:Emailing users">Emailing users</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Logging_in" title="Help:Logging in">Logging in</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Help:Reset_password" title="Help:Reset password">Reset passwords</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Log" title="Help:Log">Logs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Moving_a_page" title="Wikipedia:Moving a page">Moving a page</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:History_merging" title="Wikipedia:History merging">History merging</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:When_to_place_technical_requests_in_%22Administrator_needed%22" title='Help:When to place technical requests in "Administrator needed"'>Non-admin and admin-only page moves</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Notifications" title="Help:Notifications">Notifications/Echo</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Help:Notifications/FAQ" title="Help:Notifications/FAQ">FAQ</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Page_Curation/Help" title="Wikipedia:Page Curation/Help">Page Curation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Import" title="Help:Import">Page import</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Pending_changes" title="Wikipedia:Pending changes">Pending changes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Random" title="Wikipedia:Random">Random pages</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Recent_changes" title="Help:Recent changes">Recent changes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Related_changes" title="Help:Related changes">Related changes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Searching" title="Help:Searching">Searching</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Help:Linksearch" title="Help:Linksearch">Linksearch</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Tags" title="Wikipedia:Tags">Tags</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:User_contributions" title="Help:User contributions">User contributions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Watchlist" title="Help:Watchlist">Watchlist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:What_links_here" title="Help:What links here">What links here</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align: center;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Help:Wikitext" title="Help:Wikitext">Wikitext</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Help:Wikitext" title="Help:Wikitext">Wikitext</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Help:Cheatsheet" title="Help:Cheatsheet">Cheatsheet</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Columns" title="Help:Columns">Columns</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Line-break_handling" title="Help:Line-break handling">Line-break handling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:List" title="Help:List">Lists</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Magic_words" title="Help:Magic words">Magic words</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Help:Magic_words_for_beginners" title="Help:Magic words for beginners">For beginners</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Conditional_expressions" title="Help:Conditional expressions">Conditional expressions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Switch_parser_function" title="Help:Switch parser function">Switch parser function</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Time_function" title="Help:Time function">Time function</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Redirect" title="Help:Redirect">Redirects</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Section" title="Help:Section">Sections and TOCs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Table" title="Help:Table">Tables</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Help:Introduction_to_tables_with_Wiki_Markup/1" title="Help:Introduction to tables with Wiki Markup/1">Introduction</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Basic_table_markup" title="Help:Basic table markup">Basics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Advanced_table_formatting" title="Help:Advanced table formatting">Advanced table formatting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Collapsing" class="mw-redirect" title="Help:Collapsing">Collapsing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Conditional_tables" title="Help:Conditional tables">Conditional tables</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Sortable_tables" title="Help:Sortable tables">Sortable tables</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Using_colours" title="Help:Using colours">Using colours</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align: center;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Help:Link" title="Help:Link">Links</a> and <a href="/wiki/Help:Diff" title="Help:Diff">diffs</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Help:Link" title="Help:Link">Links</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Help:Interlanguage_links" title="Help:Interlanguage links">Interlanguage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Interwiki_linking" title="Help:Interwiki linking">Interwiki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Permanent_link" title="Help:Permanent link">Permanent</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Diff" title="Help:Diff">Diffs</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Simplest_diff_guide" title="Wikipedia:Simplest diff guide">Simplest diff guide</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Simple_diff_and_link_guide" title="Wikipedia:Simple diff and link guide">Simple diff and link guide</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Complete_diff_and_link_guide" title="Wikipedia:Complete diff and link guide">Complete diff and link guide</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Colon_trick" title="Help:Colon trick">Colon trick</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Link_color" title="Help:Link color">Link color</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Pipe_trick" title="Help:Pipe trick">Pipe trick</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:URL" title="Help:URL">URLs</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align: center;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Media" class="mw-disambig" title="Wikipedia:Media">Media</a> files: images,<br>videos and sounds</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Help:Media" title="Help:Media">Media help</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Files" title="Help:Files">Files</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Help:Creation_and_usage_of_media_files" title="Help:Creation and usage of media files">Creation and usage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Moving_files_to_Commons" title="Wikipedia:Moving files to Commons">Moving files to Commons</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Images" title="Wikipedia:Images">Images</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Help:Introduction_to_images_with_Wiki_Markup/1" title="Help:Introduction to images with Wiki Markup/1">Introduction to images</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Pictures" title="Help:Pictures">Picture tutorial</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Preparing_images_for_upload" title="Wikipedia:Preparing images for upload">Preparing images for upload</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Uploading_images" title="Wikipedia:Uploading images">Uploading images</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Options_to_hide_an_image" title="Help:Options to hide an image">Options to hide an image</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Extended_image_syntax" title="Wikipedia:Extended image syntax">Extended image syntax</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:SVG_help" title="Wikipedia:SVG help">SVG help</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Gallery_tag" title="Help:Gallery tag">Gallery tag</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Graphics_tutorials" title="Wikipedia:Graphics tutorials">Graphics tutorials</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Basic_bitmap_image_editing" title="Wikipedia:Basic bitmap image editing">Basic bitmap image editing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:How_to_improve_image_quality" title="Wikipedia:How to improve image quality">How to improve image quality</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Graphics_Lab/Resources" title="Wikipedia:Graphics Lab/Resources">Graphics Lab resources</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Sound_file_markup" title="Help:Sound file markup">Sound file markup</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Visual_file_markup" title="Help:Visual file markup">Visual file markup</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align: center;;width:1%">Other graphics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Help:Family_trees" title="Help:Family trees">Family trees</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Graphs_and_charts" title="Wikipedia:Graphs and charts">Graphs and charts</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:How_to_create_charts_for_Wikipedia_articles" title="Wikipedia:How to create charts for Wikipedia articles">How to create</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Barchart" title="Help:Barchart">Barcharts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:To_scale_charts" title="Wikipedia:To scale charts">To scale charts</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Displaying_a_formula" title="Help:Displaying a formula">Math formulas</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Help:Displaying_a_formula#Use_of_HTML_templates" title="Help:Displaying a formula">Math symbols</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Score" title="Help:Score">Musical scores</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Help:Musical_symbols" title="Help:Musical symbols">Musical symbols</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Timeline" title="Wikipedia:Timeline">Timeline</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Help:EasyTimeline_syntax" title="Help:EasyTimeline syntax">EasyTimeline syntax</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:WikiHiero_syntax" title="Help:WikiHiero syntax">WikiHiero syntax</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align: center;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Help:A_quick_guide_to_templates" title="Help:A quick guide to templates">Templates</a> and<br><a href="/wiki/Lua_(programming_language)" title="Lua (programming language)">Lua</a> modules</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Help:Template" title="Help:Template">Templates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Advanced_template_coding" title="Wikipedia:Advanced template coding">Advanced template coding</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Template_documentation" title="Wikipedia:Template documentation">Template documentation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Template_index" title="Wikipedia:Template index">Template index</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Template_limits" title="Help:Template limits">Template limits</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Template_sandbox_and_test_cases" title="Wikipedia:Template sandbox and test cases">Template sandbox and test cases</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_templates" title="Wikipedia:Citation templates">Citation templates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Lua" title="Help:Lua">Lua help</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Lua" title="Wikipedia:Lua">Lua project</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Lua/Resources" title="Wikipedia:Lua/Resources">Resources</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Lua/To_do" title="Wikipedia:Lua/To do">To do</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Substitution" title="Help:Substitution">Substitution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Purge" title="Help:Purge">Purge</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Help:Job_queue" title="Help:Job queue">Job queue</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Transclusion" title="Help:Transclusion">Transclusion</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Help:Labeled_section_transclusion" title="Help:Labeled section transclusion">Labeled section</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Transclusion_costs_and_benefits" title="Wikipedia:Transclusion costs and benefits">Costs and benefits</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Guide_to_Scribbling" title="Wikipedia:Guide to Scribbling">Guide to Scribbling</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align: center;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Administration#Data_structure_and_development" title="Wikipedia:Administration">Data structure</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Namespaces</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:What_is_an_article%3F" title="Wikipedia:What is an article?">Main/Article</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Category</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Drafts" title="Wikipedia:Drafts">Draft</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Files" title="Help:Files">File</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Help:File_description_page" title="Help:File description page">File description page</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Help_namespace" title="Wikipedia:Help namespace">Help</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Portal" title="Wikipedia:Portal">Portal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Project_namespace" title="Wikipedia:Project namespace">Project/Wikipedia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Talk_pages" title="Help:Talk pages">Talk</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Help:Archiving_a_talk_page" title="Help:Archiving a talk page">Archiving</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Help:Archiving_(plain_and_simple)" title="Help:Archiving (plain and simple)">Simple</a></li></ul></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Template_namespace" title="Wikipedia:Template namespace">Template</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:User_pages" title="Wikipedia:User pages">User</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:User_page_design_guide" title="Wikipedia:User page design guide">User page design</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:MediaWiki_namespace" title="Help:MediaWiki namespace">MediaWiki</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Bug_reports_and_feature_requests" title="Wikipedia:Bug reports and feature requests">Bug reports and feature requests</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Extension:TimedMediaHandler" class="extiw" title="mw:Extension:TimedMediaHandler">TimedMediaHandler extension</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Lua" title="Wikipedia:Lua">Module</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Special_page" title="Help:Special page">Special</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align: center;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/HTML" title="HTML">HTML</a> and <a href="/wiki/CSS" title="CSS">CSS</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Help:Cascading_Style_Sheets" title="Help:Cascading Style Sheets">Cascading Style Sheets</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:HTML_in_wikitext" title="Help:HTML in wikitext">HTML in wikitext</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Catalogue_of_CSS_classes" title="Wikipedia:Catalogue of CSS classes">Catalogue of CSS classes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Common.js_and_common.css" title="Wikipedia:Common.js and common.css">Common.js and common.css</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:Mxt/User_CSS_for_a_monospaced_coding_font" title="Template:Mxt/User CSS for a monospaced coding font">User CSS for monospaced coding font</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Microformats/classes" title="Wikipedia:WikiProject Microformats/classes">Classes in microformats</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Markup_validation" title="Help:Markup validation">Markup validation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Span_tags" title="Wikipedia:Span tags">Span tags</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Useful_styles" title="Help:Useful styles">Useful styles</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align: center;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Customisation" title="Wikipedia:Customisation">Customisation</a><br>and tools</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Help:Preferences" title="Help:Preferences">Preferences</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Gadget" title="Wikipedia:Gadget">Gadgets</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Skin" title="Wikipedia:Skin">Skins</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Citation_tools" title="Help:Citation tools">Citation tools</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Cleaning_up_vandalism/Tools" title="Wikipedia:Cleaning up vandalism/Tools">Cleaning up vandalism tools</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Customizing_watchlists" title="Wikipedia:Customizing watchlists">Customizing watchlists</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Help:Hide_Pages_in_Watchlist" title="Help:Hide Pages in Watchlist">Hide pages</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Scripts" title="Wikipedia:Scripts">IRC Scripts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:User_scripts" title="Wikipedia:User scripts">User scripts</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:User_scripts/Guide" title="Wikipedia:User scripts/Guide">Guide</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:User_scripts/List" title="Wikipedia:User scripts/List">List</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:User_scripts/Techniques" title="Wikipedia:User scripts/Techniques">Techniques</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:User_style" title="Help:User style">User style</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Tools" title="Wikipedia:Tools">Tools</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Tools/Alternative_browsing" title="Wikipedia:Tools/Alternative browsing">Alternative browsing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Tools/Browser_tools" title="Wikipedia:Tools/Browser tools">Browser tools</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Tools/Editing_tools" title="Wikipedia:Tools/Editing tools">Editing tools</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Tools/Navigation_shortcuts" title="Wikipedia:Tools/Navigation shortcuts">Navigation shortcuts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Tools/Optimum_tool_set" title="Wikipedia:Tools/Optimum tool set">Optimum tool set</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Wikimedia_Cloud_Services" title="Wikipedia:Wikimedia Cloud Services">Wikimedia Cloud Services</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Beta_Features" class="extiw" title="mw:Beta Features">Beta Features at MediaWiki</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align: center;;width:1%">Automated editing</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Articles_for_creation/Helper_script" title="Wikipedia:WikiProject Articles for creation/Helper script">AfC helper script</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:AntiVandal" title="Wikipedia:AntiVandal">AntiVandal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:AutoWikiBrowser" title="Wikipedia:AutoWikiBrowser">AutoWikiBrowser</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Bots" title="Wikipedia:Bots">Bots</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Help:Creating_a_bot" title="Help:Creating a bot">Creating</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:History_of_Wikipedia_bots" title="Wikipedia:History of Wikipedia bots">history</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:HotCat" title="Wikipedia:HotCat">HotCat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Huggle" title="Wikipedia:Huggle">Huggle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Tools/Navigation_popups" title="Wikipedia:Tools/Navigation popups">Navigation popups</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:RedWarn" title="Wikipedia:RedWarn">RedWarn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Twinkle" title="Wikipedia:Twinkle">Twinkle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Ultraviolet" title="Wikipedia:Ultraviolet">Ultraviolet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:WPCleaner" title="Wikipedia:WPCleaner">WPCleaner</a></li> <li>Inactive <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Igloo" title="Wikipedia:Igloo">igloo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:STiki" title="Wikipedia:STiki">STiki</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="text-align: center;"><div> <ul><li>See also: <b><a href="/wiki/Category:Wikipedia_how-to" title="Category:Wikipedia how-to">Category:Wikipedia how-to</a></b></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Category:Wikipedia_information_pages" title="Category:Wikipedia information pages">Category:Wikipedia information pages</a></b><br>Further navigation at: <a href="/wiki/Template:Wikipedia_help_pages" title="Template:Wikipedia help pages">Help pages</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Template:Administrators%27_guide" title="Template:Administrators' guide">Administrators</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Accessibility/Navigation_menu" title="Wikipedia:WikiProject Accessibility/Navigation menu">Accessibility</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:Wikipedia_accounts" title="Template:Wikipedia accounts">Accounts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:Botnav" title="Template:Botnav">Bots</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:Wikipedia_referencing" title="Template:Wikipedia referencing">Referencing</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Template:Citation_metadata_navbox" title="Template:Citation metadata navbox">Citation metadata</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:Wikipedia_templates" title="Template:Wikipedia templates">Templates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:User_scripts/Navbox" title="Wikipedia:User scripts/Navbox">User scripts</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </section></div> <noscript><img src="https://login.m.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1&mobile=1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Namespace&oldid=1255250133#Aliases">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Namespace&oldid=1255250133#Aliases</a>"</div></div> </div> <div class="post-content" id="page-secondary-actions"> </div> </main> <footer class="mw-footer minerva-footer" role="contentinfo"> <a class="last-modified-bar" href="/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Namespace&action=history"> <div class="post-content last-modified-bar__content"> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon-size-medium minerva-icon--modified-history"></span> <span class="last-modified-bar__text modified-enhancement" data-user-name="Jlwoodwa" data-user-gender="female" data-timestamp="1730674642"> <span>Last edited on 3 November 2024, at 22:57</span> </span> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon-size-small minerva-icon--expand"></span> </div> </a> <div class="post-content footer-content"> <div id="p-lang"> <h4>Languages</h4> <section> <ul id="p-variants" class="minerva-languages"></ul> <ul class="minerva-languages"><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Naamruimte" title="Wikipedia:Naamruimte – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Wikipedia:Naamruimte" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hilfe:Namensraum" title="Hilfe:Namensraum – Alemannic" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Hilfe:Namensraum" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="Alemannic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-am mw-list-item"><a href="https://am.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%8B%8D%E1%8A%AD%E1%8D%94%E1%8B%B2%E1%8B%AB:%E1%8A%AD%E1%8D%8D%E1%88%88-%E1%8B%8A%E1%8A%AA%E1%8B%8E%E1%89%BD" title="ውክፔዲያ:ክፍለ-ዊኪዎች – Amharic" lang="am" hreflang="am" data-title="ውክፔዲያ:ክፍለ-ዊኪዎች" data-language-autonym="አማርኛ" data-language-local-name="Amharic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>አማርኛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%88%D9%8A%D9%83%D9%8A%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%AF%D9%8A%D8%A7:%D9%86%D8%B7%D8%A7%D9%82" title="ويكيبيديا:نطاق – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="ويكيبيديا:نطاق" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-as mw-list-item"><a href="https://as.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A7%B1%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%95%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%AA%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%A1%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BC%E0%A6%BE:%E0%A6%A8%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%B8%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A5%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A8" title="ৱিকিপিডিয়া:নামস্থান – Assamese" lang="as" hreflang="as" data-title="ৱিকিপিডিয়া:নামস্থান" data-language-autonym="অসমীয়া" data-language-local-name="Assamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>অসমীয়া</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ayuda:Espaciu_de_nomes" title="Ayuda:Espaciu de nomes – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Ayuda:Espaciu de nomes" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%89%E0%A6%87%E0%A6%95%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%AA%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%A1%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BC%E0%A6%BE:%E0%A6%A8%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%B8%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A5%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A8" title="উইকিপিডিয়া:নামস্থান – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="উইকিপিডিয়া:নামস্থান" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Mi%C3%A2-khong-kan" title="Wikipedia:Miâ-khong-kan – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Wikipedia:Miâ-khong-kan" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D1%96%D0%BA%D1%96%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D1%8B%D1%8F:%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B0_%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%9E" title="Вікіпедыя:Прастора назваў – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Вікіпедыя:Прастора назваў" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D1%96%D0%BA%D1%96%D0%BF%D1%8D%D0%B4%D1%8B%D1%8F:%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B0_%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%9E" title="Вікіпэдыя:Прастора назваў – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Вікіпэдыя:Прастора назваў" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bh mw-list-item"><a href="https://bh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%A1%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE:%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%81%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A5%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8" title="विकिपीडिया:नाँवस्थान – Bhojpuri" lang="bh" hreflang="bh" data-title="विकिपीडिया:नाँवस्थान" data-language-autonym="भोजपुरी" data-language-local-name="Bhojpuri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>भोजपुरी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%8F:%D0%98%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%BE_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%BE" title="Уикипедия:Именно пространство – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Уикипедия:Именно пространство" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Imenski_prostori" title="Wikipedia:Imenski prostori – Bosnian" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Wikipedia:Imenski prostori" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ajuda:Espai_de_noms" title="Ajuda:Espai de noms – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Ajuda:Espai de noms" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/N%C3%A1pov%C4%9Bda:Jmenn%C3%BD_prostor" title="Nápověda:Jmenný prostor – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Nápověda:Jmenný prostor" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hj%C3%A6lp:Navnerum" title="Hjælp:Navnerum – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Hjælp:Navnerum" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ary mw-list-item"><a href="https://ary.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%88%D9%8A%D9%83%D9%8A%D9%BE%D9%8A%D8%AF%D9%8A%D8%A7:%D9%85%D8%AC%D8%A7%D9%84_%D8%B3%D9%85%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%AA%D9%8A" title="ويكيپيديا:مجال سمياتي – Moroccan Arabic" lang="ary" hreflang="ary" data-title="ويكيپيديا:مجال سمياتي" data-language-autonym="الدارجة" data-language-local-name="Moroccan Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>الدارجة</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hilfe:Namensr%C3%A4ume" title="Hilfe:Namensräume – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Hilfe:Namensräume" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vikipeedia:Nimeruum" title="Vikipeedia:Nimeruum – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Vikipeedia:Nimeruum" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%92%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%B9%CF%80%CE%B1%CE%AF%CE%B4%CE%B5%CE%B9%CE%B1:%CE%9F%CE%BD%CE%BF%CE%BC%CE%B1%CF%84%CE%BF%CF%87%CF%8E%CF%81%CE%BF%CE%B9" title="Βικιπαίδεια:Ονοματοχώροι – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Βικιπαίδεια:Ονοματοχώροι" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ayuda:Espacio_de_nombres" title="Ayuda:Espacio de nombres – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Ayuda:Espacio de nombres" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helpo:Nomspaco" title="Helpo:Nomspaco – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Helpo:Nomspaco" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Izen-tartea" title="Wikipedia:Izen-tartea – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Wikipedia:Izen-tartea" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%88%DB%8C%DA%A9%DB%8C%E2%80%8C%D9%BE%D8%AF%DB%8C%D8%A7:%D9%81%D8%B6%D8%A7%DB%8C_%D9%86%D8%A7%D9%85" title="ویکی‌پدیا:فضای نام – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="ویکی‌پدیا:فضای نام" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aide:Espace_de_noms" title="Aide:Espace de noms – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Aide:Espace de noms" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gv mw-list-item"><a href="https://gv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Reamys" title="Wikipedia:Reamys – Manx" lang="gv" hreflang="gv" data-title="Wikipedia:Reamys" data-language-autonym="Gaelg" data-language-local-name="Manx" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaelg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Espazo_de_nomes" title="Wikipedia:Espazo de nomes – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Wikipedia:Espazo de nomes" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%9C%84%ED%82%A4%EB%B0%B1%EA%B3%BC:%EC%9D%B4%EB%A6%84%EA%B3%B5%EA%B0%84" title="위키백과:이름공간 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="위키백과:이름공간" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%A1%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE:%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A5%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8" title="विकिपीडिया:नामस्थान – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="विकिपीडिया:नामस्थान" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hsb mw-list-item"><a href="https://hsb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedija:Mjenowy_rum" title="Wikipedija:Mjenowy rum – Upper Sorbian" lang="hsb" hreflang="hsb" data-title="Wikipedija:Mjenowy rum" data-language-autonym="Hornjoserbsce" data-language-local-name="Upper Sorbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hornjoserbsce</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedija:Imenski_prostori" title="Wikipedija:Imenski prostori – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Wikipedija:Imenski prostori" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ilo mw-list-item"><a href="https://ilo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Nagan_ti_espasio" title="Wikipedia:Nagan ti espasio – Iloko" lang="ilo" hreflang="ilo" data-title="Wikipedia:Nagan ti espasio" data-language-autonym="Ilokano" data-language-local-name="Iloko" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ilokano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Ruang_nama" title="Wikipedia:Ruang nama – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Wikipedia:Ruang nama" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Spatio_de_nomines" title="Wikipedia:Spatio de nomines – Interlingua" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Wikipedia:Spatio de nomines" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="Interlingua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Nafnar%C3%BDmi" title="Wikipedia:Nafnarými – Icelandic" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Wikipedia:Nafnarými" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Icelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aiuto:Namespace" title="Aiuto:Namespace – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Aiuto:Namespace" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A2%D7%96%D7%A8%D7%94:%D7%9E%D7%A8%D7%97%D7%91_%D7%A9%D7%9D" title="עזרה:מרחב שם – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="עזרה:מרחב שם" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ks mw-list-item"><a href="https://ks.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%88%D9%90%DA%A9%DB%8C%D9%96%D9%BE%DB%8C%D9%96%DA%88%DB%8C%D8%A7:%D9%86%D8%A7%D9%88%D8%AC%D8%A7%DB%92" title="وِکیٖپیٖڈیا:ناوجاے – Kashmiri" lang="ks" hreflang="ks" data-title="وِکیٖپیٖڈیا:ناوجاے" data-language-autonym="कॉशुर / کٲشُر" data-language-local-name="Kashmiri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>कॉशुर / کٲشُر</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-csb mw-list-item"><a href="https://csb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wiki:R%C3%ABmnot%C3%AB_mion%C3%B3w" title="Wiki:Rëmnotë mionów – Kashubian" lang="csb" hreflang="csb" data-title="Wiki:Rëmnotë mionów" data-language-autonym="Kaszëbsczi" data-language-local-name="Kashubian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kaszëbsczi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%8F:%D0%95%D1%81%D1%96%D0%BC_%D0%BA%D0%B5%D2%A3%D1%96%D1%81%D1%82%D1%96%D0%B3%D1%96" title="Уикипедия:Есім кеңістігі – Kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Уикипедия:Есім кеңістігі" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%8F:%D0%90%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8B%D1%88_%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%B9%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%B3%D0%B8" title="Википедия:Аталыш мейкиндиги – Kyrgyz" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Википедия:Аталыш мейкиндиги" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="Kyrgyz" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vicipaedia:Spatium_nominale" title="Vicipaedia:Spatium nominale – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Vicipaedia:Spatium nominale" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vikip%C4%93dija:V%C4%81rdtelpa" title="Vikipēdija:Vārdtelpa – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Vikipēdija:Vārdtelpa" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vikipedija:Vard%C5%B3_sritys" title="Vikipedija:Vardų sritys – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Vikipedija:Vardų sritys" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikip%C3%A9dia:N%C3%A9vt%C3%A9r" title="Wikipédia:Névtér – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Wikipédia:Névtér" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%BE%D1%88:%D0%98%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80" title="Помош:Именски простор – Macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Помош:Именски простор" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%B5%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%AA%E0%B5%80%E0%B4%A1%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%AF:%E0%B4%A8%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%AE%E0%B4%AE%E0%B5%87%E0%B4%96%E0%B4%B2" title="വിക്കിപീഡിയ:നാമമേഖല – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="വിക്കിപീഡിയ:നാമമേഖല" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%A1%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE:%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B6%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B5" title="विकिपीडिया:नामविश्व – Marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="विकिपीडिया:नामविश्व" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="Marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%88%D9%8A%D9%83%D9%8A%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%AF%D9%8A%D8%A7:%D8%A7%D8%B3%D9%85_%D9%85%D8%B3%D8%A7%D8%AD%D9%87" title="ويكيبيديا:اسم مساحه – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="ويكيبيديا:اسم مساحه" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mnw mw-list-item"><a href="https://mnw.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%9D%E1%80%B3%E1%80%80%E1%80%B3%E1%80%95%E1%80%B3%E1%80%92%E1%80%B3%E1%80%9A%E1%80%AC:Namespace" title="ဝဳကဳပဳဒဳယာ:Namespace – Mon" lang="mnw" hreflang="mnw" data-title="ဝဳကဳပဳဒဳယာ:Namespace" data-language-autonym="ဘာသာမန်" data-language-local-name="Mon" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ဘာသာမန်</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Ruang_nama" title="Wikipedia:Ruang nama – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Wikipedia:Ruang nama" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B6:%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%B0_%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%85%D1%8C_%D1%85%D1%83%D1%83%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%BD%D1%8B_%D1%82%D3%A9%D1%80%D0%BB%D2%AF%D2%AF%D0%B4" title="Тусламж:Википедиа дахь хуудасны төрлүүд – Mongolian" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Тусламж:Википедиа дахь хуудасны төрлүүд" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="Mongolian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:Naamruimte" title="Help:Naamruimte – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Help:Naamruimte" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds-nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hulpe:Naamruumte" title="Hulpe:Naamruumte – Low Saxon" lang="nds-NL" hreflang="nds-NL" data-title="Hulpe:Naamruumte" data-language-autonym="Nedersaksies" data-language-local-name="Low Saxon" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nedersaksies</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%A1%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE:%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A5%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8" title="विकिपिडिया:नामस्थान – Nepali" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="विकिपिडिया:नामस्थान" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="Nepali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:%E5%90%8D%E5%89%8D%E7%A9%BA%E9%96%93" title="Help:名前空間 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="Help:名前空間" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Navnerom" title="Wikipedia:Navnerom – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Wikipedia:Navnerom" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ajuda:Espaci_de_noms" title="Ajuda:Espaci de noms – Occitan" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Ajuda:Espaci de noms" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Occitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-or mw-list-item"><a href="https://or.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AC%89%E0%AC%87%E0%AC%95%E0%AC%BF%E0%AC%AA%E0%AC%BF%E0%AC%A1%E0%AC%BC%E0%AC%BF%E0%AC%86:Namespace" title="ଉଇକିପିଡ଼ିଆ:Namespace – Odia" lang="or" hreflang="or" data-title="ଉଇକିପିଡ଼ିଆ:Namespace" data-language-autonym="ଓଡ଼ିଆ" data-language-local-name="Odia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ଓଡ଼ିଆ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vikipediya:Nomfazo" title="Vikipediya:Nomfazo – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Vikipediya:Nomfazo" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%B5%E0%A8%BF%E0%A8%95%E0%A9%80%E0%A8%AA%E0%A9%80%E0%A8%A1%E0%A9%80%E0%A8%86:%E0%A8%A8%E0%A9%87%E0%A8%AE%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%AA%E0%A9%87%E0%A8%B8" title="ਵਿਕੀਪੀਡੀਆ:ਨੇਮਸਪੇਸ – Punjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਵਿਕੀਪੀਡੀਆ:ਨੇਮਸਪੇਸ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pomoc:Przestrze%C5%84_nazw" title="Pomoc:Przestrzeń nazw – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Pomoc:Przestrzeń nazw" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikip%C3%A9dia:Dom%C3%ADnio" title="Wikipédia:Domínio – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Wikipédia:Domínio" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ksh mw-list-item"><a href="https://ksh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Appachtemeng_%E2%80%94_Wadd_%C4%97%C3%9F%C3%9F_datt_tann%3F" title="Wikipedia:Appachtemeng — Wadd ėßß datt tann? – Colognian" lang="ksh" hreflang="ksh" data-title="Wikipedia:Appachtemeng — Wadd ėßß datt tann?" data-language-autonym="Ripoarisch" data-language-local-name="Colognian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ripoarisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ajutor:Spa%C8%9Biu_de_nume" title="Ajutor:Spațiu de nume – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Ajutor:Spațiu de nume" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%8F:%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%B0_%D0%B8%D0%BC%D1%91%D0%BD" title="Википедия:Пространства имён – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Википедия:Пространства имён" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B8%D1%8D%D0%B4%D1%8C%D0%B8%D0%B9%D1%8D:%D0%90%D0%B0%D1%82_%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0" title="Бикипиэдьийэ:Аат дала – Yakut" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="Бикипиэдьийэ:Аат дала" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="Yakut" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Саха тыла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Namespaces" title="Wikipedia:Namespaces – Sicilian" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Wikipedia:Namespaces" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="Sicilian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B7%80%E0%B7%92%E0%B6%9A%E0%B7%92%E0%B6%B4%E0%B7%93%E0%B6%A9%E0%B7%92%E0%B6%BA%E0%B7%8F:%E0%B6%B1%E0%B7%8F%E0%B6%B8%E0%B7%8F%E0%B7%80%E0%B6%9A%E0%B7%8F%E0%B7%81" title="විකිපීඩියා:නාමාවකාශ – Sinhala" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="විකිපීඩියා:නාමාවකාශ" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="Sinhala" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:Namespaces" title="Help:Namespaces – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Help:Namespaces" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%88%DA%AA%D9%8A%D9%BE%D9%8A%DA%8A%D9%8A%D8%A7:%D9%86%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%8A_%D8%AC%D9%8A_%D8%AC%D8%A7%D8%A1%D9%90" title="وڪيپيڊيا:نالي جي جاءِ – Sindhi" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="وڪيپيڊيا:نالي جي جاءِ" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="Sindhi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سنڌي</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pomoc:Menn%C3%BD_priestor" title="Pomoc:Menný priestor – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Pomoc:Menný priestor" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedija:Imenski_prostor" title="Wikipedija:Imenski prostor – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Wikipedija:Imenski prostor" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%88%DB%8C%DA%A9%DB%8C%D9%BE%DB%8C%D8%AF%DB%8C%D8%A7:%D8%A8%DB%86%D8%B4%D8%A7%DB%8C%DB%8C_%D9%86%D8%A7%D9%88" title="ویکیپیدیا:بۆشایی ناو – Central Kurdish" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="ویکیپیدیا:بۆشایی ناو" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="Central Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0:%D0%98%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80" title="Википедија:Именски простор – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Википедија:Именски простор" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedija:Imenski_prostor" title="Wikipedija:Imenski prostor – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Wikipedija:Imenski prostor" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Rohang_ngaran" title="Wikipedia:Rohang ngaran – Sundanese" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="Wikipedia:Rohang ngaran" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="Sundanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sunda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Nimiavaruudet" title="Wikipedia:Nimiavaruudet – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Wikipedia:Nimiavaruudet" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Namnrymder" title="Wikipedia:Namnrymder – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Wikipedia:Namnrymder" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-shn mw-list-item"><a href="https://shn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%9D%E1%80%AE%E1%82%87%E1%81%B6%E1%80%AE%E1%82%87%E1%81%BD%E1%80%AE%E1%80%B8%E1%80%90%E1%80%AE%E1%80%B8%E1%80%9A%E1%82%83%E1%80%B8:%E1%80%A2%E1%80%BD%E1%80%84%E1%80%BA%E1%82%88%E1%81%B8%E1%80%AD%E1%80%AF%E1%80%9D%E1%80%BA%E1%82%88" title="ဝီႇၶီႇၽီးတီးယႃး:ဢွင်ႈၸိုဝ်ႈ – Shan" lang="shn" hreflang="shn" data-title="ဝီႇၶီႇၽီးတီးယႃး:ဢွင်ႈၸိုဝ်ႈ" data-language-autonym="ၽႃႇသႃႇတႆး " data-language-local-name="Shan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ၽႃႇသႃႇတႆး </span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%B5%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%95%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%A1%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE:%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%B0%E0%B1%81%E0%B0%AC%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BF" title="వికీపీడియా:పేరుబరి – Telugu" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="వికీపీడియా:పేరుబరి" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="Telugu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2:%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%AA%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%8B" title="วิกิพีเดีย:เนมสเปซ – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="วิกิพีเดีย:เนมสเปซ" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%B0:%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%BE%D0%B8_%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BC" title="Википедиа:Фазои ном – Tajik" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Википедиа:Фазои ном" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="Tajik" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vikipedi:Ad_alan%C4%B1" title="Vikipedi:Ad alanı – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Vikipedi:Ad alanı" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%96%D0%B4%D0%BA%D0%B0:%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D1%96%D1%80_%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B2" title="Довідка:Простір назв – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Довідка:Простір назв" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%88%DB%8C%DA%A9%DB%8C%D9%BE%DB%8C%DA%88%DB%8C%D8%A7:%D9%86%D8%A7%D9%85_%D9%81%D8%B6%D8%A7" title="ویکیپیڈیا:نام فضا – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="ویکیپیڈیا:نام فضا" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Kh%C3%B4ng_gian_t%C3%AAn" title="Wikipedia:Không gian tên – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Wikipedia:Không gian tên" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%B0%D7%99%D7%A7%D7%99%D7%A4%D6%BC%D7%A2%D7%93%D7%99%D7%A2:%D7%A0%D7%90%D7%9E%D7%A2%D7%A0%D7%98%D7%99%D7%99%D7%9C" title="װיקיפּעדיע:נאמענטייל – Yiddish" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="װיקיפּעדיע:נאמענטייל" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="Yiddish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ייִדיש</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yo mw-list-item"><a href="https://yo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:%E1%BB%8Cr%C3%BAk%E1%BB%8D%C3%A0%C3%A0y%C3%A8" title="Wikipedia:Ọrúkọààyè – Yoruba" lang="yo" hreflang="yo" data-title="Wikipedia:Ọrúkọààyè" data-language-autonym="Yorùbá" data-language-local-name="Yoruba" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Yorùbá</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-diq mw-list-item"><a href="https://diq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Namespace" title="Wikipedia:Namespace – Zazaki" lang="diq" hreflang="diq" data-title="Wikipedia:Namespace" data-language-autonym="Zazaki" data-language-local-name="Zazaki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zazaki</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:%E5%91%BD%E5%90%8D%E7%A9%BA%E9%97%B4" title="Wikipedia:命名空间 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="Wikipedia:命名空间" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li></ul> </section> </div> <div class="minerva-footer-logo"><img src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-en.svg" alt="Wikipedia" width="120" height="18" style="width: 7.5em; height: 1.125em;"/> </div> <ul id="footer-info" class="footer-info hlist hlist-separated"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> This 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