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Winthrop">Thomas L. Winthrop</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Succeeded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/George_Hull_(Massachusetts_politician)" title="George Hull (Massachusetts politician)">George Hull</a></td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;">6th <a href="/wiki/Mayor_of_Boston,_Massachusetts" class="mw-redirect" title="Mayor of Boston, Massachusetts">Mayor of Boston, Massachusetts</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><span class="nowrap"><b>In office</b></span><br />1836</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Preceded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Theodore_Lyman_(militiaman)" class="mw-redirect" title="Theodore Lyman (militiaman)">Theodore Lyman</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Succeeded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Samuel_Atkins_Eliot_(politician)" title="Samuel Atkins Eliot (politician)">Samuel A. Eliot</a></td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;">Member of the <a href="/wiki/Massachusetts_Senate" title="Massachusetts Senate">Massachusetts Senate</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><span class="nowrap"><b>In office</b></span><br />1839</td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender">Personal details</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Born</th><td class="infobox-data"><span style="display:none">(<span class="bday">1784-04-29</span>)</span>April 29, 1784<br /><a href="/wiki/Dorchester,_Massachusetts" class="mw-redirect" title="Dorchester, Massachusetts">Dorchester, Massachusetts</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Died</th><td class="infobox-data">March 26, 1850<span style="display:none">(1850-03-26)</span> (aged 65)<br /><a href="/wiki/Boston,_Massachusetts" class="mw-redirect" title="Boston, Massachusetts">Boston, Massachusetts</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Political party</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Democratic-Republican_Party" title="Democratic-Republican Party">Democratic-Republican</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Whig_Party_(United_States)" title="Whig Party (United States)">Whig</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Signature</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="skin-invert" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:SamuelTArmstrongSig.png" class="mw-file-description" title="Samuel Turell Armstrong's signature"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/SamuelTArmstrongSig.png/128px-SamuelTArmstrongSig.png" decoding="async" width="128" height="28" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/SamuelTArmstrongSig.png/192px-SamuelTArmstrongSig.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/SamuelTArmstrongSig.png/256px-SamuelTArmstrongSig.png 2x" data-file-width="567" data-file-height="122" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-below" style="border-top: 1px solid right;"><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Samuel Turell Armstrong</b> (April 29, 1784 – March 26, 1850) was a <a href="/wiki/United_States_of_America" class="mw-redirect" title="United States of America">U.S.</a> <a href="/wiki/Political_figure" class="mw-redirect" title="Political figure">political figure</a>. Born in 1784 in <a href="/wiki/Dorchester,_Massachusetts" class="mw-redirect" title="Dorchester, Massachusetts">Dorchester, Massachusetts</a>, he was a printer and bookseller in <a href="/wiki/Boston" title="Boston">Boston</a>, specializing in religious materials. Among his works were an early <a href="/wiki/Stereotype_(printing)" title="Stereotype (printing)">stereotype</a> edition of <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Scott_(commentator)" title="Thomas Scott (commentator)">Scott's</a> Family Bible, which was very popular, and <i><a href="/wiki/The_Panoplist" title="The Panoplist">The Panoplist</a></i>, a religious magazine devoted to missionary interests. </p><p>Armstrong began to withdraw from the printing business in 1825, and focused instead on politics. He was active in Boston politics during the 1820s, twice winning a seat in the <a href="/wiki/Massachusetts_General_Court" title="Massachusetts General Court">Massachusetts General Court</a> (state legislature). In 1833 he was elected the <a href="/wiki/Lieutenant_governor_of_Massachusetts" class="mw-redirect" title="Lieutenant governor of Massachusetts">lieutenant governor of Massachusetts</a> as a <a href="/wiki/Whig_Party_(United_States)" title="Whig Party (United States)">Whig</a>, and served three consecutive annual terms. For most of the last term he was acting governor after Governor <a href="/wiki/John_Davis_(Massachusetts_governor)" title="John Davis (Massachusetts governor)">John Davis</a> resigned to take a seat in the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Senate" title="United States Senate">United States Senate</a>. He lost a bid to be elected governor in his own right in 1836, but was elected <a href="/wiki/Mayor_of_Boston" title="Mayor of Boston">Mayor of Boston</a>, a post he held for one year. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Printer_and_bookseller">Printer and bookseller</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Samuel_Turell_Armstrong&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Printer and bookseller"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Samuel Armstrong was born on April 29, 1784, in <a href="/wiki/Dorchester,_Massachusetts" class="mw-redirect" title="Dorchester, Massachusetts">Dorchester, Massachusetts</a>, to John Armstrong and Elizabeth (Williams) Armstrong. His father, a military man, died when he was ten, and his mother died three years later. He was apprenticed to Manning and Loring, bookbinders and printers who were described as "the principal book-printers in the town" of <a href="/wiki/Boston" title="Boston">Boston</a>. Following his apprenticeship he opened a print shop with a partner in Boston, but a few years later opened his own business in <a href="/wiki/Charlestown,_Massachusetts" class="mw-redirect" title="Charlestown, Massachusetts">Charlestown</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-NEHGS_137_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NEHGS_137-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1807 he was elected as a member of the <a href="/wiki/Ancient_and_Honorable_Artillery_Company_of_Massachusetts" title="Ancient and Honorable Artillery Company of Massachusetts">Ancient and Honorable Artillery Company of Massachusetts</a>. He was elected as the first sergeant of the Company in 1811. He also served as the captain of the Warren Phalanx of Charlestown from 1811 to 1814.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1811 he returned the business to Boston, establishing a bookshop on <a href="/wiki/Cornhill,_Boston" title="Cornhill, Boston">Cornhill</a>. His principal business was in the printing of religious tracts; his most notable work was in publishing <i><a href="/wiki/The_Panoplist" title="The Panoplist">The Panoplist</a></i>, a religious magazine devoted to missionary matters.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Another major success was his printing of the first <a href="/wiki/Stereotype_(printing)" title="Stereotype (printing)">stereotype</a> edition of <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Scott_(commentator)" title="Thomas Scott (commentator)">Scott's</a> Family Bible, a highly popular work that sold tens of thousands of copies.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He also opened his bookshop for church-related activities, including fundraising for foreign missionary work.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>After he moved to Boston Armstrong took on two apprentices, <a href="/wiki/Uriel_Crocker" title="Uriel Crocker">Uriel Crocker</a> and <a href="/w/index.php?title=Osmyn_Brewster&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Osmyn Brewster (page does not exist)">Osmyn Brewster</a>. In 1818, upon the end of their apprenticeship, Armstrong turned over operation of the printing business to them (which then became known as <a href="/wiki/Crocker_%26_Brewster" title="Crocker & Brewster">Crocker & Brewster</a>) and focused his activities on the bookshop. In 1825, he withdrew from the day-to-day operations of the business,<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> but would retain a financial stake until 1840. He continued to maintain a personal interest in the business until his death.<sup id="cite_ref-NEHGS138_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NEHGS138-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The business was a significant financial success, and made Armstrong fairly wealthy.<sup id="cite_ref-NEHGS_137_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NEHGS_137-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Church_and_politics">Church and politics</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Samuel_Turell_Armstrong&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Church and politics"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Armstrong was a member of the <a href="/wiki/Old_South_Meeting_House" title="Old South Meeting House">Old South Church</a>. He served on its <a href="/wiki/Vestry" title="Vestry">vestry</a> (including as its secretary), and was chosen deacon in 1829.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> When the church was formally incorporated in 1844 Armstrong was named as one of its proprietors.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1816 Armstrong discovered the original manuscript of the third volume of colonial Governor <a href="/wiki/John_Winthrop" title="John Winthrop">John Winthrop</a>'s <i>History of New England</i> in the church's tower; the volume was presented to the <a href="/wiki/Massachusetts_Historical_Society" title="Massachusetts Historical Society">Massachusetts Historical Society</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He was also in part responsible for the church's loss of a perfect specimen of the 17th century <a href="/wiki/Bay_Psalm_Book" title="Bay Psalm Book">Bay Psalm Book</a>, one of five that had been willed to the church by <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Prince_(historian)" title="Thomas Prince (historian)">Thomas Prince</a>, an early minister of the congregation. Writer Robert Wallace suggests that Armstrong's trade of two copies of the book in exchange for offers by the recipients, George Livermore and Edward Crowninshield, to rebind the other copies was naive, and was essentially a scam by Livermore and Crowninshield (both knowledgeable in the rare book trade) to acquire the valuable books for a bargain price.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Armstrong_ScottBible.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/Armstrong_ScottBible.png/170px-Armstrong_ScottBible.png" decoding="async" width="170" height="285" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/Armstrong_ScottBible.png/255px-Armstrong_ScottBible.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/Armstrong_ScottBible.png/340px-Armstrong_ScottBible.png 2x" data-file-width="685" data-file-height="1150" /></a><figcaption>Title page of an 1827 edition of Armstrong's printing of Scott's Bible</figcaption></figure> <p>Armstrong was involved in civic affairs as early as 1812, when he served in a Boston militia company during the <a href="/wiki/War_of_1812" title="War of 1812">War of 1812</a>. He entered state politics as a representative in <a href="/wiki/Massachusetts_General_Court" title="Massachusetts General Court">Massachusetts General Court</a> (state legislature), serving in that body from 1822 to 1823 and from 1828 to 1829. From 1828 to 1830 he served on Boston's board of aldermen.<sup id="cite_ref-NEHGS138_9-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NEHGS138-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1833 Armstrong was offered the nomination for <a href="/wiki/Lieutenant_governor_of_Massachusetts" class="mw-redirect" title="Lieutenant governor of Massachusetts">lieutenant governor</a> by the state <a href="/wiki/Anti-Masonic_Party" title="Anti-Masonic Party">Anti-Masonic Party</a>. Since he refused to subscribe to their view that <a href="/wiki/Freemasonry" title="Freemasonry">Freemasonry</a> should be abolished, he rejected the offer.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He was, however, elected lieutenant governor on the <a href="/wiki/Whig_Party_(United_States)" title="Whig Party (United States)">Whig</a> ticket, serving first under <a href="/wiki/Levi_Lincoln_Jr." title="Levi Lincoln Jr.">Levi Lincoln Jr.</a> and then <a href="/wiki/John_Davis_(Massachusetts_Governor)" class="mw-redirect" title="John Davis (Massachusetts Governor)">John Davis</a>. Whig newspapers used his working-class roots to appeal to members of the <a href="/wiki/Working_Men%27s_Party" class="mw-redirect" title="Working Men's Party">Working Men's Party</a>, a third party founded on labor issues, describing him in the 1834 campaign as "a Mechanic and Workingman".<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>When Davis resigned in March 1835 upon his election to the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Senate" title="United States Senate">United States Senate</a>, Armstrong served as the <a href="/wiki/Governor_of_Massachusetts" title="Governor of Massachusetts">Acting Governor</a> until 1836.<sup id="cite_ref-NEHGS138_9-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NEHGS138-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In the 1836 campaign Armstrong sought the Whig nomination for governor, but it went instead to <a href="/wiki/Edward_Everett" title="Edward Everett">Edward Everett</a> in a bid for support from the Anti-Masons. Armstrong ended up running that year without party support,<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and came in a distant third behind Everett and perennial <a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic</a> candidate <a href="/wiki/Marcus_Morton" title="Marcus Morton">Marcus Morton</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>After his defeat at the state level, Armstrong was elected Mayor of Boston <a href="/wiki/1835_Boston_mayoral_election" title="1835 Boston mayoral election">in December 1835</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-NEHGS138_9-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NEHGS138-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The principal act of civic improvement during his one-year administration was the construction of iron fencing around the <a href="/wiki/Boston_Common" title="Boston Common">Boston Common</a> and the widening of the promenade along <a href="/wiki/Boylston_Street" title="Boylston Street">Boylston Street</a>. Although the contracts for the work had been drawn up by the preceding administration of <a href="/wiki/Theodore_Lyman_(militiaman)" class="mw-redirect" title="Theodore Lyman (militiaman)">Theodore Lyman</a>, Armstrong oversaw the work, and also had the task of securing the relocation of remains in the <a href="/wiki/Central_Burying_Ground_(Boston,_Massachusetts)" class="mw-redirect" title="Central Burying Ground (Boston, Massachusetts)">Central Burying Ground</a> that were affected by the work. This he accomplished, despite some resistance from several families, by offering at no cost several new granite tombs to the affected parties.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1839 Armstrong was elected to the <a href="/wiki/Massachusetts_Senate" title="Massachusetts Senate">Massachusetts Senate</a>, where he served a single term. In 1845 he joined the <a href="/wiki/New_England_Historical_and_Genealogical_Society" class="mw-redirect" title="New England Historical and Genealogical Society">New England Historical and Genealogical Society</a>, in whose affairs he remained involved until his death. He died in 1850 in Boston,<sup id="cite_ref-NEHGS138_9-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NEHGS138-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and is buried in Cambridge's <a href="/wiki/Mount_Auburn_Cemetery" title="Mount Auburn Cemetery">Mount Auburn Cemetery</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He had married Abigail Walker of Charlestown in 1812; they had no children.<sup id="cite_ref-NEHGS138_9-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NEHGS138-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Samuel_Turell_Armstrong&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_Boston#1800s.E2.80.931840s" title="Timeline of Boston">Timeline of Boston</a>, 1830s</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Samuel_Turell_Armstrong&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Notes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width reflist-columns-2"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-NEHGS_137-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-NEHGS_137_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-NEHGS_137_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">"Samuel Turell Armstrong", p. 137</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">History of the Ancient and Honorable Artillery Company of Massachusetts. Oliver Ayer Roberts. Boston. 1897. pg. 338.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">"Samuel Turell Armstrong", pp. 137–138</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">"Uriel Crocker", p. 320</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Reno, p. 695</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Herndon, p. 33</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Hill, pp. 370, 406</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Sprague, p. 150</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-NEHGS138-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-NEHGS138_9-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-NEHGS138_9-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-NEHGS138_9-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-NEHGS138_9-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-NEHGS138_9-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-NEHGS138_9-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">"Samuel Turell Armstrong", p. 138</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Hill, pp. 429, 489</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Hill, p. 504</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Drake, p. 7</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Eames, pp. ix–xiii</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Wallace, pp. 95–106</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Niles, p. 55</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Formisano, p. 148</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">McCarthy, p. 525</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Hart, p. 4:86</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Boston Transit Commission, p. 74</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Linden, p. 262</span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Samuel_Turell_Armstrong&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFBoston_Transit_Commission1895" class="citation book cs1">Boston Transit Commission (1895). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/annualreportbos03commgoog"><i>Annual Report of the Boston Transit Commission, 1895</i></a>. Boston: City of Boston. p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/annualreportbos03commgoog/page/n126">74</a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/70937465">70937465</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Annual+Report+of+the+Boston+Transit+Commission%2C+1895&rft.place=Boston&rft.pages=74&rft.pub=City+of+Boston&rft.date=1895&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F70937465&rft.au=Boston+Transit+Commission&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fannualreportbos03commgoog&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASamuel+Turell+Armstrong" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDrake1854" class="citation book cs1">Drake, Samuel (1854). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/areviewwinthrop00drakgoog"><i>A Review of Winthrop's Journal</i></a>. Boston: Dutton and Wentworth. p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/areviewwinthrop00drakgoog/page/n2">7</a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/2337648">2337648</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=A+Review+of+Winthrop%27s+Journal&rft.place=Boston&rft.pages=7&rft.pub=Dutton+and+Wentworth&rft.date=1854&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F2337648&rft.aulast=Drake&rft.aufirst=Samuel&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fareviewwinthrop00drakgoog&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASamuel+Turell+Armstrong" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFEames1903" class="citation book cs1">Eames, Wilberforce (1903). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/baypsalmbook00eame"><i>The Bay Psalm Book</i></a>. New York: Dodd, Mead. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/1203037">1203037</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Bay+Psalm+Book&rft.place=New+York&rft.pub=Dodd%2C+Mead&rft.date=1903&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F1203037&rft.aulast=Eames&rft.aufirst=Wilberforce&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fbaypsalmbook00eame&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASamuel+Turell+Armstrong" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFormisano2008" class="citation book cs1">Formisano, Ronald (2008). <i>For the People: American Populist Movements from the Revolution to The 1850s</i>. Chapel Hill, NC: University of North Carolina Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780807886113" title="Special:BookSources/9780807886113"><bdi>9780807886113</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/233573309">233573309</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=For+the+People%3A+American+Populist+Movements+from+the+Revolution+to+The+1850s&rft.place=Chapel+Hill%2C+NC&rft.pub=University+of+North+Carolina+Press&rft.date=2008&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F233573309&rft.isbn=9780807886113&rft.aulast=Formisano&rft.aufirst=Ronald&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASamuel+Turell+Armstrong" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHart1927" class="citation book cs1">Hart, Albert Bushnell, ed. (1927). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/commonwealthhist04hart"><i>Commonwealth History of Massachusetts</i></a>. New York: The States History Company. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/1543273">1543273</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Commonwealth+History+of+Massachusetts&rft.place=New+York&rft.pub=The+States+History+Company&rft.date=1927&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F1543273&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fcommonwealthhist04hart&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASamuel+Turell+Armstrong" class="Z3988"></span> (five volume history of Massachusetts until the early 20th century)</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHerndon1896" class="citation book cs1">Herndon, Richard (1896). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/menofprogressbio00hern_0"><i>Men of Progress: One Thousand Biographical Sketches</i></a>. Boston: New England Magazine. p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/menofprogressbio00hern_0/page/33">33</a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/881008">881008</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Men+of+Progress%3A+One+Thousand+Biographical+Sketches&rft.place=Boston&rft.pages=33&rft.pub=New+England+Magazine&rft.date=1896&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F881008&rft.aulast=Herndon&rft.aufirst=Richard&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fmenofprogressbio00hern_0&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASamuel+Turell+Armstrong" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHill1890" class="citation book cs1">Hill, Hamilton (1890). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=EuSVOPIwcosC&pg=PA504"><i>History of the Old South Church (Third Church) Boston: 1669–1884, Volume 2</i></a>. Boston: Houghton, Mifflin. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780524021170" title="Special:BookSources/9780524021170"><bdi>9780524021170</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/1182744">1182744</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=History+of+the+Old+South+Church+%28Third+Church%29+Boston%3A+1669%E2%80%931884%2C+Volume+2&rft.place=Boston&rft.pub=Houghton%2C+Mifflin&rft.date=1890&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F1182744&rft.isbn=9780524021170&rft.aulast=Hill&rft.aufirst=Hamilton&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DEuSVOPIwcosC%26pg%3DPA504&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASamuel+Turell+Armstrong" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLinden2007" class="citation book cs1">Linden, Blanche (2007). <i>Silent City on a Hill: Picturesque Landscapes of Memory And Boston's Mount Auburn Cemetery</i>. Amherst, MA: University of Massachusetts Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781558495715" title="Special:BookSources/9781558495715"><bdi>9781558495715</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/642981544">642981544</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Silent+City+on+a+Hill%3A+Picturesque+Landscapes+of+Memory+And+Boston%27s+Mount+Auburn+Cemetery&rft.place=Amherst%2C+MA&rft.pub=University+of+Massachusetts+Press&rft.date=2007&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F642981544&rft.isbn=9781558495715&rft.aulast=Linden&rft.aufirst=Blanche&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASamuel+Turell+Armstrong" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMcCarthy1903" class="citation book cs1">McCarthy, Charles (1903). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/antimasonicpart00mccagoog"><i>The Antimasonic Party: A Study of Political Antimasonry in the United States, 1827–1840</i></a>. Washington, DC: American Historical Association. p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/antimasonicpart00mccagoog/page/n169">525</a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/12321675">12321675</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Antimasonic+Party%3A+A+Study+of+Political+Antimasonry+in+the+United+States%2C+1827%E2%80%931840&rft.place=Washington%2C+DC&rft.pages=525&rft.pub=American+Historical+Association&rft.date=1903&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F12321675&rft.aulast=McCarthy&rft.aufirst=Charles&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fantimasonicpart00mccagoog&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASamuel+Turell+Armstrong" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation journal cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=SkpCw3vLHwQC&pg=PA137">"Samuel Turell Armstrong"</a>. <i>The New England Historical and Genealogical Register</i>. <b>44</b>. Boston: 137–140. April 1890. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0028-4785">0028-4785</a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/12100816">12100816</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+England+Historical+and+Genealogical+Register&rft.atitle=Samuel+Turell+Armstrong&rft.volume=44&rft.pages=137-140&rft.date=1890-04&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F12100816&rft.issn=0028-4785&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DSkpCw3vLHwQC%26pg%3DPA137&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASamuel+Turell+Armstrong" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation journal cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=jMC7zEgO9L4C&pg=PA320">"Uriel Crocker"</a>. <i>The New England Historical and Genealogical Register</i>. <b>42</b>. 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Niles. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/2156-3616">2156-3616</a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/7329918">7329918</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Niles%27+Weekly+Register&rft.atitle=Niles%27+Weekly+Register%2C+Volume+45&rft.date=1834&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F7329918&rft.issn=2156-3616&rft.aulast=Niles&rft.aufirst=H&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DNr08AAAAIAAJ%26pg%3DPA55&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASamuel+Turell+Armstrong" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFReno1901" class="citation book cs1">Reno, Conrad (1901). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=9WswAQAAMAAJ&pg=PA695"><i>Memoirs of the Judiciary and the Bar, Volume 3</i></a>. Boston: Century Memorial Publishing. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/426554681">426554681</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Memoirs+of+the+Judiciary+and+the+Bar%2C+Volume+3&rft.place=Boston&rft.pub=Century+Memorial+Publishing&rft.date=1901&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F426554681&rft.aulast=Reno&rft.aufirst=Conrad&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D9WswAQAAMAAJ%26pg%3DPA695&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASamuel+Turell+Armstrong" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSprague1893" class="citation book cs1">Sprague, Henry (1893). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/anoldbostoninst00spragoog"><i>An Old Boston Institution: A Brief History of the Massachusetts Charitable Fire Society</i></a>. Boston: Little, Brown. p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/anoldbostoninst00spragoog/page/n163">151</a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/4070625">4070625</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=An+Old+Boston+Institution%3A+A+Brief+History+of+the+Massachusetts+Charitable+Fire+Society&rft.place=Boston&rft.pages=151&rft.pub=Little%2C+Brown&rft.date=1893&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F4070625&rft.aulast=Sprague&rft.aufirst=Henry&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fanoldbostoninst00spragoog&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASamuel+Turell+Armstrong" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWallace1954" class="citation magazine cs1">Wallace, Robert (November 22, 1954). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=S1IEAAAAMBAJ&pg=PA95">"A Very Proper Swindle"</a>. <i>Life Magazine</i>. pp. 95–106.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Life+Magazine&rft.atitle=A+Very+Proper+Swindle&rft.pages=95-106&rft.date=1954-11-22&rft.aulast=Wallace&rft.aufirst=Robert&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DS1IEAAAAMBAJ%26pg%3DPA95&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASamuel+Turell+Armstrong" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Samuel_Turell_Armstrong&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Further reading"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Samuel_Turell_Armstrong" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Samuel Turell Armstrong">Samuel Turell Armstrong</a></span>.</div></div> </div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="Wikisource" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/12px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/18px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/24px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="410" data-file-height="430" /></span></span> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation encyclopaedia cs1">"<a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/The_Biographical_Dictionary_of_America/Armstrong,_Samuel_T." class="extiw" title="s:The Biographical Dictionary of America/Armstrong, Samuel T.">Armstrong, Samuel T.</a>". <i><a href="/wiki/The_Biographical_Dictionary_of_America" title="The Biographical Dictionary of America">The Biographical Dictionary of America</a></i>. Vol. 1. 1906. p. 139.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Armstrong%2C+Samuel+T.&rft.btitle=The+Biographical+Dictionary+of+America&rft.pages=139&rft.date=1906&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASamuel+Turell+Armstrong" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_encyclopedia" title="Template:Cite encyclopedia">cite encyclopedia</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: date and year (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_date_and_year" title="Category:CS1 maint: date and year">link</a>)</span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSilver1951–1952" class="citation journal cs1"><a href="/wiki/Rollo_G._Silver" title="Rollo G. Silver">Silver, Rollo G</a> (1951–1952). "Belcher & Armstrong Set up Shop: 1805". <i>Studies in Bibliography</i>. <b>4</b>: 201–204.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Studies+in+Bibliography&rft.atitle=Belcher+%26+Armstrong+Set+up+Shop%3A+1805&rft.volume=4&rft.pages=201-204&rft.date=1951%2F1952&rft.aulast=Silver&rft.aufirst=Rollo+G&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASamuel+Turell+Armstrong" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <table class="wikitable succession-box noprint" style="margin:0.5em auto; font-size:small;clear:both;"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="3" style="border-top: 5px solid #ccccff;">Political offices </th></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Theodore_Lyman_(militiaman)" class="mw-redirect" title="Theodore Lyman (militiaman)">Theodore Lyman Jr.</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> <a href="/wiki/Mayor_of_Boston,_Massachusetts" class="mw-redirect" title="Mayor of Boston, Massachusetts">Mayor of Boston, Massachusetts</a> </b><br />1836 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Samuel_Atkins_Eliot_(politician)" title="Samuel Atkins Eliot (politician)">Samuel A. Eliot</a></div> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Thomas_L._Winthrop" title="Thomas L. Winthrop">Thomas L. Winthrop</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> <a href="/wiki/Lieutenant_Governor_of_Massachusetts" title="Lieutenant Governor of Massachusetts">Lieutenant Governor of Massachusetts</a> </b><br />January 9, 1834 – January 13, 1836 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/George_Hull_(Massachusetts_politician)" title="George Hull (Massachusetts politician)">George Hull</a></div> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/John_Davis_(Massachusetts_Governor)" class="mw-redirect" title="John Davis (Massachusetts Governor)">John Davis</a></div><i><b>as Governor </b></i> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> <a href="/wiki/Governor_of_Massachusetts" title="Governor of Massachusetts">Acting Governor of Massachusetts</a> </b><br />March 1, 1835 – January 13, 1836 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Edward_Everett" title="Edward Everett">Edward Everett</a></div><i><b>as Governor </b></i> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist 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href="/wiki/John_Winthrop" title="John Winthrop">Winthrop</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Dudley" title="Thomas Dudley">T. Dudley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Haynes_(governor)" title="John Haynes (governor)">Haynes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Vane_the_Younger" title="Henry Vane the Younger">Vane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Winthrop" title="John Winthrop">Winthrop</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Dudley" title="Thomas Dudley">T. Dudley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Bellingham" title="Richard Bellingham">Bellingham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Winthrop" title="John Winthrop">Winthrop</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Endecott" title="John Endecott">Endecott</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Dudley" title="Thomas Dudley">T. Dudley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Winthrop" title="John Winthrop">Winthrop</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Endecott" title="John Endecott">Endecott</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Dudley" title="Thomas Dudley">T. Dudley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Endecott" title="John Endecott">Endecott</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Bellingham" title="Richard Bellingham">Bellingham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Endecott" title="John Endecott">Endecott</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Bellingham" title="Richard Bellingham">Bellingham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Leverett" title="John Leverett">Leverett</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Simon_Bradstreet" title="Simon Bradstreet">Bradstreet</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="4" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Seal_of_the_Governor_of_Massachusetts.svg/75px-Seal_of_the_Governor_of_Massachusetts.svg.png" decoding="async" width="75" height="75" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Seal_of_the_Governor_of_Massachusetts.svg/113px-Seal_of_the_Governor_of_Massachusetts.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Seal_of_the_Governor_of_Massachusetts.svg/150px-Seal_of_the_Governor_of_Massachusetts.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="527" data-file-height="527" /></span></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Dominion_of_New_England" title="Dominion of New England">Dominion <br /> <span class="nobold">(1686–1689)</span></a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Dudley" title="Joseph Dudley">J. Dudley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edmund_Andros" title="Edmund Andros">Andros</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Simon_Bradstreet" title="Simon Bradstreet">Bradstreet</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Province_of_Massachusetts_Bay" title="Province of Massachusetts Bay">Province <br /> <span class="nobold">(1692–1776)</span></a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/William_Phips" title="William Phips">W. Phips</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/William_Stoughton_(judge)" title="William Stoughton (judge)">Stoughton</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Coote,_1st_Earl_of_Bellomont" title="Richard Coote, 1st Earl of Bellomont">Bellomont</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/William_Stoughton_(judge)" title="William Stoughton (judge)">Stoughton</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Massachusetts_Governor%27s_Council" title="Massachusetts Governor's Council">Governor's Council</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Dudley" title="Joseph Dudley">J. Dudley</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Massachusetts_Governor%27s_Council" title="Massachusetts Governor's Council">Governor's Council</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Dudley" title="Joseph Dudley">J. Dudley</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/William_Tailer" title="William Tailer">Tailer</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samuel_Shute" title="Samuel Shute">Shute</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/William_Dummer" title="William Dummer">Dummer</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Burnet_(colonial_administrator)" title="William Burnet (colonial administrator)">Burnet</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/William_Dummer" title="William Dummer">Dummer</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/William_Tailer" title="William Tailer">Tailer</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jonathan_Belcher" title="Jonathan Belcher">Belcher</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Shirley" title="William Shirley">Shirley</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Spencer_Phips" title="Spencer Phips">S. Phips</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Shirley" title="William Shirley">Shirley</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Spencer_Phips" title="Spencer Phips">S. Phips</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Massachusetts_Governor%27s_Council" title="Massachusetts Governor's Council">Governor's Council</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Pownall" title="Thomas Pownall">Pownall</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Hutchinson_(governor)" title="Thomas Hutchinson (governor)">Hutchinson</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sir_Francis_Bernard,_1st_Baronet" title="Sir Francis Bernard, 1st Baronet">Bernard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Hutchinson_(governor)" title="Thomas Hutchinson (governor)">Hutchinson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Gage" title="Thomas Gage">Gage</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Massachusetts" title="Massachusetts">Commonwealth <br /> <span class="nobold">(since 1776)</span></a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/John_Hancock" title="John Hancock">Hancock</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Cushing" title="Thomas Cushing">Cushing</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Bowdoin" title="James Bowdoin">Bowdoin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Hancock" title="John Hancock">Hancock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samuel_Adams" title="Samuel Adams">Adams</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Increase_Sumner" title="Increase Sumner">Sumner</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Moses_Gill" title="Moses Gill">Gill</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Massachusetts_Governor%27s_Council" title="Massachusetts Governor's Council">Governor's Council</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caleb_Strong" title="Caleb Strong">Strong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Sullivan_(governor)" title="James Sullivan (governor)">Sullivan</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Levi_Lincoln_Sr." title="Levi Lincoln Sr.">Lincoln Sr.</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christopher_Gore" title="Christopher Gore">Gore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elbridge_Gerry" title="Elbridge Gerry">Gerry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caleb_Strong" title="Caleb Strong">Strong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Brooks_(governor)" title="John Brooks (governor)">Brooks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Eustis" title="William Eustis">Eustis</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Marcus_Morton" title="Marcus Morton">Morton</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Levi_Lincoln_Jr." title="Levi Lincoln Jr.">Lincoln Jr.</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Davis_(Massachusetts_governor)" title="John Davis (Massachusetts governor)">Davis</a></li> <li><i><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Armstrong</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edward_Everett" title="Edward Everett">Everett</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marcus_Morton" title="Marcus Morton">Morton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Davis_(Massachusetts_governor)" title="John Davis (Massachusetts governor)">Davis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marcus_Morton" title="Marcus Morton">Morton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_N._Briggs" title="George N. Briggs">Briggs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_S._Boutwell" title="George S. Boutwell">Boutwell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_H._Clifford" title="John H. Clifford">Clifford</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emory_Washburn" title="Emory Washburn">E. Washburn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Gardner" title="Henry Gardner">Gardner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nathaniel_P._Banks" title="Nathaniel P. Banks">Banks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Albion_Andrew" title="John Albion Andrew">Andrew</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexander_Bullock" title="Alexander Bullock">Bullock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Claflin" title="William Claflin">Claflin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_B._Washburn" title="William B. Washburn">W. Washburn</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Talbot_(Massachusetts_politician)" title="Thomas Talbot (Massachusetts politician)">Talbot</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Gaston_(Massachusetts_politician)" title="William Gaston (Massachusetts politician)">Gaston</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexander_H._Rice" title="Alexander H. Rice">Rice</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Talbot_(Massachusetts_politician)" title="Thomas Talbot (Massachusetts politician)">Talbot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Davis_Long" title="John Davis Long">Long</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Benjamin_Butler" title="Benjamin Butler">Butler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_D._Robinson" title="George D. Robinson">Robinson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oliver_Ames_(governor)" title="Oliver Ames (governor)">Ames</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Q._A._Brackett" title="John Q. A. Brackett">Brackett</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_E._Russell_(politician)" title="William E. Russell (politician)">Russell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frederic_T._Greenhalge" title="Frederic T. Greenhalge">Greenhalge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roger_Wolcott_(Massachusetts_politician)" title="Roger Wolcott (Massachusetts politician)">Wolcott</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Winthrop_M._Crane" title="Winthrop M. Crane">Crane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_L._Bates" title="John L. Bates">Bates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Lewis_Douglas" title="William Lewis Douglas">Douglas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curtis_Guild_Jr." title="Curtis Guild Jr.">Guild</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eben_Sumner_Draper" title="Eben Sumner Draper">Draper</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eugene_Foss" title="Eugene Foss">Foss</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_I._Walsh" title="David I. Walsh">Walsh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samuel_W._McCall" title="Samuel W. McCall">McCall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Calvin_Coolidge" title="Calvin Coolidge">Coolidge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Channing_H._Cox" title="Channing H. Cox">Cox</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alvan_T._Fuller" title="Alvan T. Fuller">Fuller</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frank_G._Allen" title="Frank G. Allen">Allen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_B._Ely" title="Joseph B. Ely">Ely</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Michael_Curley" title="James Michael Curley">Curley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_F._Hurley" title="Charles F. Hurley">Hurley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leverett_Saltonstall" title="Leverett Saltonstall">Saltonstall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maurice_J._Tobin" title="Maurice J. Tobin">Tobin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_F._Bradford" title="Robert F. Bradford">Bradford</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_A._Dever" title="Paul A. Dever">Dever</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_Herter" title="Christian Herter">Herter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foster_Furcolo" title="Foster Furcolo">Furcolo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_A._Volpe" title="John A. Volpe">Volpe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Endicott_Peabody" title="Endicott Peabody">Peabody</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_A._Volpe" title="John A. Volpe">Volpe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Francis_Sargent" title="Francis Sargent">Sargent</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Dukakis" title="Michael Dukakis">Dukakis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edward_J._King" title="Edward J. King">King</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Dukakis" title="Michael Dukakis">Dukakis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bill_Weld" title="Bill Weld">Weld</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_Cellucci" title="Paul Cellucci">Cellucci</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Jane_Swift" title="Jane Swift">Swift</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mitt_Romney" title="Mitt Romney">Romney</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deval_Patrick" title="Deval Patrick">Patrick</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charlie_Baker" title="Charlie Baker">Baker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maura_Healey" title="Maura Healey">Healey</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3"><div> <ul><li><i>Italics</i> indicate acting officeholders</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Lieutenant_governors_of_Massachusetts" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Lieutenant_governors_of_Massachusetts" title="Template:Lieutenant governors of Massachusetts"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Lieutenant_governors_of_Massachusetts" title="Template talk:Lieutenant governors of Massachusetts"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Lieutenant_governors_of_Massachusetts" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Lieutenant governors of Massachusetts"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Lieutenant_governors_of_Massachusetts" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Lieutenant_Governor_of_Massachusetts" title="Lieutenant Governor of Massachusetts"> Lieutenant governors of Massachusetts</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Massachusetts_Bay_Colony" title="Massachusetts Bay Colony">Colony <br /> <span class="nobold">(1629–1686)</span></a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Thomas_Goffe_(Massachusetts)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Thomas Goffe (Massachusetts) (page does not exist)">Goffe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Humphrey_(Massachusetts_colonist)" title="John Humphrey (Massachusetts colonist)">Humphrey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Dudley" title="Thomas Dudley">T. Dudley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roger_Ludlow" title="Roger Ludlow">Ludlow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Bellingham" title="Richard Bellingham">Bellingham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Winthrop" title="John Winthrop">Winthrop</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Dudley" title="Thomas Dudley">T. Dudley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Bellingham" title="Richard Bellingham">Bellingham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Endecott" title="John Endecott">Endecott</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Winthrop" title="John Winthrop">Winthrop</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Dudley" title="Thomas Dudley">T. Dudley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Endecott" title="John Endecott">Endecott</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Dudley" title="Thomas Dudley">T. Dudley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Endecott" title="John Endecott">Endecott</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Bellingham" title="Richard Bellingham">Bellingham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Francis_Willoughby_(1613%E2%80%931671)" title="Francis Willoughby (1613–1671)">Willoughby</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Leverett" title="John Leverett">Leverett</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Samuel_Symonds&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Samuel Symonds (page does not exist)">Symonds</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Simon_Bradstreet" title="Simon Bradstreet">Bradstreet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Danforth" title="Thomas Danforth">Danforth</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="4" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/Seal_of_Massachusetts.svg/75px-Seal_of_Massachusetts.svg.png" decoding="async" width="75" height="75" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/Seal_of_Massachusetts.svg/113px-Seal_of_Massachusetts.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/Seal_of_Massachusetts.svg/150px-Seal_of_Massachusetts.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="448" data-file-height="448" /></span></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Dominion_of_New_England" title="Dominion of New England">Dominion <br /> <span class="nobold">(1686–1689)</span></a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/William_Stoughton_(judge)" title="William Stoughton (judge)">Stoughton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Francis_Nicholson" title="Francis Nicholson">Nicholson</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Province_of_Massachusetts_Bay" title="Province of Massachusetts Bay">Province <br /> <span class="nobold">(1692–1776)</span></a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/William_Stoughton_(judge)" title="William Stoughton (judge)">Stoughton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Povey_(Massachusetts)" title="Thomas Povey (Massachusetts)">Povey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Tailer" title="William Tailer">Tailer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Dummer" title="William Dummer">Dummer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Tailer" title="William Tailer">Tailer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spencer_Phips" title="Spencer Phips">S. Phips</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Hutchinson_(governor)" title="Thomas Hutchinson (governor)">Hutchinson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andrew_Oliver" title="Andrew Oliver">A. Oliver</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Oliver_(lieutenant_governor)" title="Thomas Oliver (lieutenant governor)">T. Oliver</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Massachusetts" title="Massachusetts">Commonwealth <br /> <span class="nobold">(since 1776)</span></a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Cushing" title="Thomas Cushing">T. Cushing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Benjamin_Lincoln" title="Benjamin Lincoln">B. Lincoln</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samuel_Adams" title="Samuel Adams">Adams</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moses_Gill" title="Moses Gill">Gill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samuel_Phillips_Jr." title="Samuel Phillips Jr.">S. Phillips</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edward_Robbins" title="Edward Robbins">Robbins</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Levi_Lincoln_Sr." title="Levi Lincoln Sr.">L. Lincoln</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Cobb_(Massachusetts_politician)" title="David Cobb (Massachusetts politician)">Cobb</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Gray_(Massachusetts_politician)" title="William Gray (Massachusetts politician)">Gray</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Phillips_Jr." title="William Phillips Jr.">W. Phillips</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Levi_Lincoln_Jr." title="Levi Lincoln Jr.">L. Lincoln Jr.</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marcus_Morton" title="Marcus Morton">Morton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_L._Winthrop" title="Thomas L. Winthrop">Winthrop</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Armstrong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Hull_(Massachusetts_politician)" title="George Hull (Massachusetts politician)">Hull</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_H._Childs" title="Henry H. Childs">Childs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Reed_Jr." title="John Reed Jr.">Reed</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_W._Cushman" title="Henry W. Cushman">Cushman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elisha_Huntington" title="Elisha Huntington">Huntington</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_C._Plunkett" title="William C. Plunkett">Plunkett</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Simon_Brown_(Massachusetts_politician)" title="Simon Brown (Massachusetts politician)">Brown</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Wetherby_Benchley" title="Henry Wetherby Benchley">Benchley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eliphalet_Trask" title="Eliphalet Trask">Trask</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Z._Goodrich" title="John Z. Goodrich">Goodrich</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Nesmith" title="John Nesmith">Nesmith</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joel_Hayden" title="Joel Hayden">Hayden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Claflin" title="William Claflin">Claflin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Tucker_(Massachusetts_politician)" title="Joseph Tucker (Massachusetts politician)">Tucker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Talbot_(Massachusetts_politician)" title="Thomas Talbot (Massachusetts politician)">Talbot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Horatio_G._Knight" title="Horatio G. Knight">Knight</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Davis_Long" title="John Davis Long">Long</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Byron_Weston" title="Byron Weston">Weston</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oliver_Ames_(governor)" title="Oliver Ames (governor)">Ames</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Q._A._Brackett" title="John Q. A. Brackett">Brackett</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_H._Haile" title="William H. Haile">Haile</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roger_Wolcott_(Massachusetts_politician)" title="Roger Wolcott (Massachusetts politician)">Wolcott</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Winthrop_M._Crane" title="Winthrop M. Crane">Crane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_L._Bates" title="John L. Bates">Bates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curtis_Guild_Jr." title="Curtis Guild Jr.">Guild</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eben_Sumner_Draper" title="Eben Sumner Draper">Draper</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louis_A._Frothingham" title="Louis A. Frothingham">Frothingham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Luce" title="Robert Luce">Luce</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_I._Walsh" title="David I. Walsh">Walsh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edward_P._Barry" title="Edward P. Barry">Barry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grafton_D._Cushing" title="Grafton D. Cushing">G. Cushing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Calvin_Coolidge" title="Calvin Coolidge">C. Coolidge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Channing_H._Cox" title="Channing H. Cox">Cox</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alvan_T._Fuller" title="Alvan T. Fuller">Fuller</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frank_G._Allen" title="Frank G. Allen">Allen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_S._Youngman" title="William S. Youngman">Youngman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gaspar_G._Bacon" title="Gaspar G. Bacon">Bacon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_L._Hurley" title="Joseph L. Hurley">Hurley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Francis_E._Kelly" title="Francis E. Kelly">Kelly</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Horace_T._Cahill" title="Horace T. Cahill">Cahill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_F._Bradford" title="Robert F. Bradford">Bradford</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arthur_W._Coolidge" title="Arthur W. Coolidge">A. Coolidge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_F._Sullivan" title="Charles F. Sullivan">Sullivan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sumner_G._Whittier" title="Sumner G. Whittier">Whittier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_F._Murphy_(politician)" title="Robert F. Murphy (politician)">R. Murphy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edward_F._McLaughlin_Jr." title="Edward F. McLaughlin Jr.">McLaughin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Francis_Bellotti" title="Francis Bellotti">Bellotti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elliot_Richardson" title="Elliot Richardson">Richardson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Francis_Sargent" title="Francis Sargent">Sargent</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Donald_Dwight" title="Donald Dwight">Dwight</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_P._O%27Neill_III" title="Thomas P. O'Neill III">O'Neill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Kerry" title="John Kerry">Kerry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Evelyn_Murphy" title="Evelyn Murphy">E. Murphy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_Cellucci" title="Paul Cellucci">Cellucci</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jane_Swift" title="Jane Swift">Swift</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kerry_Healey" title="Kerry Healey">Healey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tim_Murray" title="Tim Murray">Murray</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karyn_Polito" title="Karyn Polito">Polito</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kim_Driscoll" title="Kim Driscoll">Driscoll</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Mayors_of_Boston,_Massachusetts" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Mayors_of_Boston" title="Template:Mayors of Boston"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Mayors_of_Boston" title="Template talk:Mayors of Boston"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Mayors_of_Boston" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Mayors of Boston"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Mayors_of_Boston,_Massachusetts" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Mayor_of_Boston" title="Mayor of Boston">Mayors of Boston, Massachusetts</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/John_Phillips_(mayor)" title="John Phillips (mayor)">Phillips</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Josiah_Quincy_III" title="Josiah Quincy III">Quincy III</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harrison_Gray_Otis_(lawyer)" class="mw-redirect" title="Harrison Gray Otis (lawyer)">Otis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Wells_(American_politician)" title="Charles Wells (American politician)">Wells</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theodore_Lyman_II" title="Theodore Lyman II">Lyman</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Armstrong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samuel_Atkins_Eliot_(politician)" title="Samuel Atkins Eliot (politician)">Eliot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jonathan_Chapman" title="Jonathan Chapman">Chapman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martin_Brimmer" title="Martin Brimmer">Brimmer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Aspinwall_Davis" title="Thomas Aspinwall Davis">Davis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Josiah_Quincy_Jr." title="Josiah Quincy Jr.">Quincy Jr.</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_P._Bigelow" title="John P. Bigelow">Bigelow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Benjamin_Seaver" title="Benjamin Seaver">Seaver</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jerome_V.C._Smith" class="mw-redirect" title="Jerome V.C. Smith">Smith</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexander_H._Rice" title="Alexander H. Rice">Rice</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frederic_W._Lincoln_Jr." title="Frederic W. Lincoln Jr.">Lincoln</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Wightman" title="Joseph Wightman">Wightman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frederic_W._Lincoln_Jr." title="Frederic W. Lincoln Jr.">Lincoln</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Otis_Norcross" title="Otis Norcross">Norcross</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nathaniel_B._Shurtleff" title="Nathaniel B. Shurtleff">Shurtleff</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Gaston_(Massachusetts_politician)" title="William Gaston (Massachusetts politician)">Gaston</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_L._Pierce" title="Henry L. Pierce">Pierce</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leonard_R._Cutter" title="Leonard R. Cutter">Cutter*</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samuel_C._Cobb" title="Samuel C. Cobb">Cobb</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frederick_O._Prince" title="Frederick O. Prince">Prince</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_L._Pierce" title="Henry L. Pierce">Pierce</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frederick_O._Prince" title="Frederick O. Prince">Prince</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samuel_Abbott_Green" title="Samuel Abbott Green">Green</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albert_Palmer_(American_politician)" title="Albert Palmer (American politician)">Palmer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Augustus_Pearl_Martin" title="Augustus Pearl Martin">Martin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hugh_O%27Brien" title="Hugh O'Brien">O'Brien</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_N._Hart" title="Thomas N. Hart">Hart</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nathan_Matthews,_Jr." class="mw-redirect" title="Nathan Matthews, Jr.">Matthews</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edwin_Upton_Curtis" title="Edwin Upton Curtis">Curtis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Josiah_Quincy_(1859%E2%80%931919)" title="Josiah Quincy (1859–1919)">Quincy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_N._Hart" title="Thomas N. Hart">Hart</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Patrick_Collins_(mayor)" class="mw-redirect" title="Patrick Collins (mayor)">Collins</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daniel_A._Whelton" title="Daniel A. Whelton">Whelton</a>*</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_F._Fitzgerald" title="John F. Fitzgerald">Fitzgerald</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_A._Hibbard" title="George A. Hibbard">Hibbard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_F._Fitzgerald" title="John F. Fitzgerald">Fitzgerald</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Michael_Curley" title="James Michael Curley">Curley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andrew_James_Peters" class="mw-redirect" title="Andrew James Peters">Peters</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Michael_Curley" title="James Michael Curley">Curley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malcolm_Nichols" title="Malcolm Nichols">Nichols</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Michael_Curley" title="James Michael Curley">Curley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frederick_Mansfield" title="Frederick Mansfield">Mansfield</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maurice_J._Tobin" title="Maurice J. Tobin">Tobin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_E._Kerrigan" title="John E. Kerrigan">Kerrigan</a>*</li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Michael_Curley" title="James Michael Curley">Curley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Hynes_(politician)" title="John Hynes (politician)">Hynes</a>*</li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Michael_Curley" title="James Michael Curley">Curley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Hynes_(politician)" title="John Hynes (politician)">Hynes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_F._Collins" title="John F. Collins">Collins</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kevin_White_(politician)" title="Kevin White (politician)">White</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raymond_Flynn" title="Raymond Flynn">Flynn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Menino" title="Thomas Menino">Menino</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mayoralty_of_Thomas_Menino" title="Mayoralty of Thomas Menino">tenure</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marty_Walsh" title="Marty Walsh">Walsh</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mayoralty_of_Marty_Walsh" title="Mayoralty of Marty Walsh">tenure</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kim_Janey" title="Kim Janey">Janey</a>*</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michelle_Wu" title="Michelle Wu">Wu</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mayoralty_of_Michelle_Wu" title="Mayoralty of Michelle Wu">tenure</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div>* denotes acting</div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" 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