CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html> <html class="client-nojs vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-enabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-toc-available" lang="en" dir="ltr"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>European External Action Service - Wikipedia</title> <script>(function(){var className="client-js vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-enabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-toc-available";var cookie=document.cookie.match(/(?:^|; )enwikimwclientpreferences=([^;]+)/);if(cookie){cookie[1].split('%2C').forEach(function(pref){className=className.replace(new RegExp('(^| )'+pref.replace(/-clientpref-\w+$|[^\w-]+/g,'')+'-clientpref-\\w+( |$)'),'$1'+pref+'$2');});}document.documentElement.className=className;}());RLCONF={"wgBreakFrames":false,"wgSeparatorTransformTable":["",""],"wgDigitTransformTable":["",""],"wgDefaultDateFormat":"dmy", "wgMonthNames":["","January","February","March","April","May","June","July","August","September","October","November","December"],"wgRequestId":"4ee05d4a-7d18-4ef2-87b0-6b650f6ec0bd","wgCanonicalNamespace":"","wgCanonicalSpecialPageName":false,"wgNamespaceNumber":0,"wgPageName":"European_External_Action_Service","wgTitle":"European External Action Service","wgCurRevisionId":1249153295,"wgRevisionId":1249153295,"wgArticleId":17769886,"wgIsArticle":true,"wgIsRedirect":false,"wgAction":"view","wgUserName":null,"wgUserGroups":["*"],"wgCategories":["Pages using gadget WikiMiniAtlas","Webarchive template wayback links","All articles with dead external links","Articles with dead external links from November 2022","Articles with permanently dead external links","Articles with short description","Short description is different from Wikidata","EngvarB from May 2013","Use dmy dates from November 2022","Articles containing Bulgarian-language text","Articles containing Croatian-language text", "Articles containing Czech-language text","Articles containing Danish-language text","Articles containing Dutch-language text","Articles containing Estonian-language text","Articles containing Finnish-language text","Articles containing French-language text","Articles containing German-language text","Articles containing Greek-language text","Articles containing Hungarian-language text","Articles containing Irish-language text","Articles containing Italian-language text","Articles containing Latvian-language text","Articles containing Lithuanian-language text","Articles containing Maltese-language text","Articles containing Polish-language text","Articles containing Portuguese-language text","Articles containing Romanian-language text","Articles containing Slovak-language text","Articles containing Slovene-language text","Articles containing Spanish-language text","Articles containing Swedish-language text","Commons category link from Wikidata", "Official website different in Wikidata and Wikipedia","Articles with French-language sources (fr)","European External Action Service","Foreign relations of the European Union","Foreign affairs ministries","Ministries established in 2010","Diplomatic services"],"wgPageViewLanguage":"en","wgPageContentLanguage":"en","wgPageContentModel":"wikitext","wgRelevantPageName":"European_External_Action_Service","wgRelevantArticleId":17769886,"wgIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRelevantPageIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRestrictionEdit":[],"wgRestrictionMove":[],"wgNoticeProject":"wikipedia","wgCiteReferencePreviewsActive":false,"wgFlaggedRevsParams":{"tags":{"status":{"levels":1}}},"wgMediaViewerOnClick":true,"wgMediaViewerEnabledByDefault":true,"wgPopupsFlags":0,"wgVisualEditor":{"pageLanguageCode":"en","pageLanguageDir":"ltr","pageVariantFallbacks":"en"},"wgMFDisplayWikibaseDescriptions":{"search":true,"watchlist":true,"tagline":false,"nearby":true},"wgWMESchemaEditAttemptStepOversample":false, "wgWMEPageLength":40000,"wgCoordinates":{"lat":50.8425,"lon":4.385555555555555},"wgRelatedArticlesCompat":[],"wgCentralAuthMobileDomain":false,"wgEditSubmitButtonLabelPublish":true,"wgULSPosition":"interlanguage","wgULSisCompactLinksEnabled":false,"wgVector2022LanguageInHeader":true,"wgULSisLanguageSelectorEmpty":false,"wgWikibaseItemId":"Q672941","wgCheckUserClientHintsHeadersJsApi":["brands","architecture","bitness","fullVersionList","mobile","model","platform","platformVersion"],"GEHomepageSuggestedEditsEnableTopics":true,"wgGETopicsMatchModeEnabled":false,"wgGEStructuredTaskRejectionReasonTextInputEnabled":false,"wgGELevelingUpEnabledForUser":false};RLSTATE={"ext.globalCssJs.user.styles":"ready","site.styles":"ready","user.styles":"ready","ext.globalCssJs.user":"ready","user":"ready","user.options":"loading","ext.cite.styles":"ready","skins.vector.search.codex.styles":"ready","skins.vector.styles":"ready","skins.vector.icons":"ready","jquery.makeCollapsible.styles":"ready", "ext.wikimediamessages.styles":"ready","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript":"ready","ext.uls.interlanguage":"ready","wikibase.client.init":"ready","ext.wikimediaBadges":"ready"};RLPAGEMODULES=["ext.cite.ux-enhancements","mediawiki.page.media","ext.scribunto.logs","site","mediawiki.page.ready","jquery.makeCollapsible","mediawiki.toc","skins.vector.js","ext.centralNotice.geoIP","ext.centralNotice.startUp","ext.gadget.ReferenceTooltips","ext.gadget.switcher","ext.gadget.WikiMiniAtlas","ext.urlShortener.toolbar","ext.centralauth.centralautologin","mmv.bootstrap","ext.popups","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.init","ext.visualEditor.targetLoader","ext.echo.centralauth","ext.eventLogging","ext.wikimediaEvents","ext.navigationTiming","ext.uls.interface","ext.cx.eventlogging.campaigns","ext.cx.uls.quick.actions","wikibase.client.vector-2022","ext.checkUser.clientHints","ext.quicksurveys.init","ext.growthExperiments.SuggestedEditSession","wikibase.sidebar.tracking"];</script> <script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.loader.impl(function(){return["user.options@12s5i",function($,jQuery,require,module){mw.user.tokens.set({"patrolToken":"+\\","watchToken":"+\\","csrfToken":"+\\"}); }];});});</script> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=ext.cite.styles%7Cext.uls.interlanguage%7Cext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript%7Cext.wikimediaBadges%7Cext.wikimediamessages.styles%7Cjquery.makeCollapsible.styles%7Cskins.vector.icons%2Cstyles%7Cskins.vector.search.codex.styles%7Cwikibase.client.init&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <script async="" src="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=startup&only=scripts&raw=1&skin=vector-2022"></script> <meta name="ResourceLoaderDynamicStyles" content=""> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=site.styles&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <meta name="generator" content="MediaWiki 1.44.0-wmf.4"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin-when-cross-origin"> <meta name="robots" content="max-image-preview:standard"> <meta name="format-detection" content="telephone=no"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ad/Insignia_of_the_European_External_Action_Service.svg/1200px-Insignia_of_the_European_External_Action_Service.svg.png"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="1200"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="784"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ad/Insignia_of_the_European_External_Action_Service.svg/800px-Insignia_of_the_European_External_Action_Service.svg.png"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="800"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="523"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ad/Insignia_of_the_European_External_Action_Service.svg/640px-Insignia_of_the_European_External_Action_Service.svg.png"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="640"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="418"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=1120"> <meta property="og:title" content="European External Action Service - Wikipedia"> <meta property="og:type" content="website"> <link rel="preconnect" href="//upload.wikimedia.org"> <link rel="alternate" media="only screen and (max-width: 640px)" href="//en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/European_External_Action_Service"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/x-wiki" title="Edit this page" href="/w/index.php?title=European_External_Action_Service&action=edit"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="/static/apple-touch/wikipedia.png"> <link rel="icon" href="/static/favicon/wikipedia.ico"> <link rel="search" type="application/opensearchdescription+xml" href="/w/rest.php/v1/search" title="Wikipedia (en)"> <link rel="EditURI" type="application/rsd+xml" href="//en.wikipedia.org/w/api.php?action=rsd"> <link rel="canonical" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/European_External_Action_Service"> <link rel="license" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.en"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/atom+xml" title="Wikipedia Atom feed" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:RecentChanges&feed=atom"> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//meta.wikimedia.org" /> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//login.wikimedia.org"> </head> <body class="skin--responsive skin-vector skin-vector-search-vue mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject mw-editable page-European_External_Action_Service rootpage-European_External_Action_Service skin-vector-2022 action-view"><a class="mw-jump-link" href="#bodyContent">Jump to content</a> <div class="vector-header-container"> <header class="vector-header mw-header"> <div class="vector-header-start"> <nav class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-main-menu-dropdown vector-button-flush-left vector-button-flush-right" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Main menu" > <label id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-label" for="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-menu mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-menu"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Main menu</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-main-menu" class="vector-main-menu vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-main-menu-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="main-menu-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-main-menu" data-pinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Main menu</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.unpin">hide</button> </div> <div id="p-navigation" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-navigation" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Navigation </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-mainpage-description" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Main_Page" title="Visit the main page [z]" accesskey="z"><span>Main page</span></a></li><li id="n-contents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Contents" title="Guides to browsing Wikipedia"><span>Contents</span></a></li><li id="n-currentevents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Current_events" title="Articles related to current events"><span>Current events</span></a></li><li id="n-randompage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:Random" title="Visit a randomly selected article [x]" accesskey="x"><span>Random article</span></a></li><li id="n-aboutsite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:About" title="Learn about Wikipedia and how it works"><span>About Wikipedia</span></a></li><li id="n-contactpage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Contact_us" title="How to contact Wikipedia"><span>Contact us</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-interaction" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-interaction" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Contribute </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-help" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Help:Contents" title="Guidance on how to use and edit Wikipedia"><span>Help</span></a></li><li id="n-introduction" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Help:Introduction" title="Learn how to edit Wikipedia"><span>Learn to edit</span></a></li><li id="n-portal" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Community_portal" title="The hub for editors"><span>Community portal</span></a></li><li id="n-recentchanges" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:RecentChanges" title="A list of recent changes to Wikipedia [r]" accesskey="r"><span>Recent changes</span></a></li><li id="n-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:File_upload_wizard" title="Add images or other media for use on Wikipedia"><span>Upload file</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <a href="/wiki/Main_Page" class="mw-logo"> <img class="mw-logo-icon" src="/static/images/icons/wikipedia.png" alt="" aria-hidden="true" height="50" width="50"> <span class="mw-logo-container skin-invert"> <img class="mw-logo-wordmark" alt="Wikipedia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-en.svg" style="width: 7.5em; height: 1.125em;"> <img class="mw-logo-tagline" alt="The Free Encyclopedia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-tagline-en.svg" width="117" height="13" style="width: 7.3125em; height: 0.8125em;"> </span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-header-end"> <div id="p-search" role="search" class="vector-search-box-vue vector-search-box-collapses vector-search-box-show-thumbnail vector-search-box-auto-expand-width vector-search-box"> <a href="/wiki/Special:Search" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only search-toggle" title="Search Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-search mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-search"></span> <span>Search</span> </a> <div class="vector-typeahead-search-container"> <div class="cdx-typeahead-search cdx-typeahead-search--show-thumbnail cdx-typeahead-search--auto-expand-width"> <form action="/w/index.php" id="searchform" class="cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button"> <div id="simpleSearch" class="cdx-search-input__input-wrapper" data-search-loc="header-moved"> <div class="cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon"> <input class="cdx-text-input__input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="Search Wikipedia" aria-label="Search Wikipedia" autocapitalize="sentences" title="Search Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f" id="searchInput" > <span class="cdx-text-input__icon cdx-text-input__start-icon"></span> </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="Special:Search"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">Search</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-user-links vector-user-links-wide" aria-label="Personal tools"> <div class="vector-user-links-main"> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-preferences" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-userpage" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Appearance"> <div id="vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " title="Change the appearance of the page's font size, width, and color" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Appearance" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-appearance mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-appearance"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Appearance</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_en.wikipedia.org&uselang=en" class=""><span>Donate</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&returnto=European+External+Action+Service" title="You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory" class=""><span>Create account</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=European+External+Action+Service" title="You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Log in</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Log in and more options" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Personal tools" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Personal tools</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="User menu" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_en.wikipedia.org&uselang=en"><span>Donate</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&returnto=European+External+Action+Service" title="You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>Create account</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=European+External+Action+Service" title="You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Log in</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Pages for logged out editors <a href="/wiki/Help:Introduction" aria-label="Learn more about editing"><span>learn more</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyContributions" title="A list of edits made from this IP address [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Contributions</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyTalk" title="Discussion about edits from this IP address [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Talk</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Contents" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Contents</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">hide</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">(Top)</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-History" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#History"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>History</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-History-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Organisation" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Organisation"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Organisation</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Organisation-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Organisation subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Organisation-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Departments_transferred" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Departments_transferred"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Departments transferred</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Departments_transferred-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Staff" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Staff"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>Staff</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Staff-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Senior_posts" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Senior_posts"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2.1</span> <span>Senior posts</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Senior_posts-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Delegations" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Delegations"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Delegations</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Delegations-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Budget" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Budget"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Budget</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Budget-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Parliamentary_oversight" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Parliamentary_oversight"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Parliamentary oversight</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Parliamentary_oversight-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Intelligence_and_security" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Intelligence_and_security"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Intelligence and security</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Intelligence_and_security-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Commission's_responsibilities" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Commission's_responsibilities"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Commission's responsibilities</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Commission's_responsibilities-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Location" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Location"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Location</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Location-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">European External Action Service</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 35 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-35" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">35 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AF%D8%A7%D8%A6%D8%B1%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A3%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%A9_%D9%84%D9%84%D8%B4%D8%A4%D9%88%D9%86_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AE%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%AC%D9%8A%D8%A9" title="الدائرة الأوروبية للشؤون الخارجية – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="الدائرة الأوروبية للشؤون الخارجية" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Serviciu_Europ%C3%A9u_d%27Aici%C3%B3n_Esterior" title="Serviciu Européu d'Aición Esterior – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Serviciu Européu d'Aición Esterior" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%95%D0%B2%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B9%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D1%81%D0%BB%D1%83%D0%B6%D0%B1%D0%B0_%D0%B7%D0%B0_%D0%B2%D1%8A%D0%BD%D1%88%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%B9%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82" title="Европейска служба за външна дейност – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Европейска служба за външна дейност" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Servei_Europeu_d%27Acci%C3%B3_Exterior" title="Servei Europeu d'Acció Exterior – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Servei Europeu d'Acció Exterior" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Evropsk%C3%A1_slu%C5%BEba_pro_vn%C4%9Bj%C5%A1%C3%AD_%C4%8Dinnost" title="Evropská služba pro vnější činnost – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Evropská služba pro vnější činnost" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Den_europ%C3%A6iske_udenrigstjeneste" title="Den europæiske udenrigstjeneste – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Den europæiske udenrigstjeneste" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Europ%C3%A4ischer_Ausw%C3%A4rtiger_Dienst" title="Europäischer Auswärtiger Dienst – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Europäischer Auswärtiger Dienst" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Euroopa_v%C3%A4listeenistus" title="Euroopa välisteenistus – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Euroopa välisteenistus" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%95%CF%85%CF%81%CF%89%CF%80%CE%B1%CF%8A%CE%BA%CE%AE_%CE%A5%CF%80%CE%B7%CF%81%CE%B5%CF%83%CE%AF%CE%B1_%CE%95%CE%BE%CF%89%CF%84%CE%B5%CF%81%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%AE%CF%82_%CE%94%CF%81%CE%AC%CF%83%CE%B7%CF%82" title="Ευρωπαϊκή Υπηρεσία Εξωτερικής Δράσης – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Ευρωπαϊκή Υπηρεσία Εξωτερικής Δράσης" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Servicio_Europeo_de_Acci%C3%B3n_Exterior" title="Servicio Europeo de Acción Exterior – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Servicio Europeo de Acción Exterior" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/E%C5%ADropa_Servo_por_Ekstera_Agado" title="Eŭropa Servo por Ekstera Agado – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Eŭropa Servo por Ekstera Agado" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D8%B1%D9%88%DB%8C%D8%B3_%D8%A7%D9%82%D8%AF%D8%A7%D9%85_%D8%AE%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%AC%DB%8C_%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%BE%D8%A7" title="سرویس اقدام خارجی اروپا – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="سرویس اقدام خارجی اروپا" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Service_europ%C3%A9en_pour_l%27action_ext%C3%A9rieure" title="Service européen pour l'action extérieure – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Service européen pour l'action extérieure" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%9C%A0%EB%9F%BD_%EB%8C%80%EC%99%B8%ED%96%89%EB%8F%99%EB%B6%80" title="유럽 대외행동부 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="유럽 대외행동부" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Europska_slu%C5%BEba_za_vanjsko_djelovanje" title="Europska služba za vanjsko djelovanje – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Europska služba za vanjsko djelovanje" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dinas_Luar_Negeri_Eropa" title="Dinas Luar Negeri Eropa – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Dinas Luar Negeri Eropa" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Servizio_europeo_per_l%27azione_esterna" title="Servizio europeo per l'azione esterna – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Servizio europeo per l'azione esterna" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A9%D7%99%D7%A8%D7%95%D7%AA_%D7%94%D7%97%D7%95%D7%A5_%D7%94%D7%90%D7%99%D7%A8%D7%95%D7%A4%D7%99" title="שירות החוץ האירופי – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="שירות החוץ האירופי" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ministerium_Europaeum_a_rebus_exteris" title="Ministerium Europaeum a rebus exteris – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Ministerium Europaeum a rebus exteris" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%95%D0%B2%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BF%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D1%81%D0%BB%D1%83%D0%B6%D0%B1%D0%B0_%D0%B7%D0%B0_%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B2%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%88%D0%BD%D0%BE_%D0%B4%D0%B5%D1%98%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D1%83%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%9A%D0%B5" title="Европска служба за надворешно дејствување – Macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Европска служба за надворешно дејствување" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perkhidmatan_Tindakan_Luaran_Eropah" title="Perkhidmatan Tindakan Luaran Eropah – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Perkhidmatan Tindakan Luaran Eropah" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Europese_dienst_voor_extern_optreden" title="Europese dienst voor extern optreden – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Europese dienst voor extern optreden" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%AC%A7%E5%B7%9E%E5%AF%BE%E5%A4%96%E8%A1%8C%E5%8B%95%E5%B1%80" title="欧州対外行動局 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="欧州対外行動局" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Den_europeiske_utenrikstjeneste" title="Den europeiske utenrikstjeneste – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Den europeiske utenrikstjeneste" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Europejska_S%C5%82u%C5%BCba_Dzia%C5%82a%C5%84_Zewn%C4%99trznych" title="Europejska Służba Działań Zewnętrznych – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Europejska Służba Działań Zewnętrznych" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Servi%C3%A7o_Europeu_de_A%C3%A7%C3%A3o_Externa" title="Serviço Europeu de Ação Externa – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Serviço Europeu de Ação Externa" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Serviciul_European_de_Ac%C8%9Biune_Extern%C4%83" title="Serviciul European de Acțiune Externă – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Serviciul European de Acțiune Externă" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%95%D0%B2%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B9%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D1%81%D0%BB%D1%83%D0%B6%D0%B1%D0%B0_%D0%B2%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%88%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%85_%D1%81%D0%B2%D1%8F%D0%B7%D0%B5%D0%B9" title="Европейская служба внешних связей – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Европейская служба внешних связей" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sh%C3%ABrbimi_Evropian_i_Veprimit_t%C3%AB_Jasht%C3%ABm" title="Shërbimi Evropian i Veprimit të Jashtëm – Albanian" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Shërbimi Evropian i Veprimit të Jashtëm" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Evropska_slu%C5%BEba_za_spoljne_poslove" title="Evropska služba za spoljne poslove – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Evropska služba za spoljne poslove" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Euroopan_ulkosuhdehallinto" title="Euroopan ulkosuhdehallinto – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Euroopan ulkosuhdehallinto" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Europeiska_utrikestj%C3%A4nsten" title="Europeiska utrikestjänsten – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Europeiska utrikestjänsten" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Avrupa_Birli%C4%9Fi_D%C4%B1%C5%9F_%C4%B0li%C5%9Fkiler_Servisi" title="Avrupa Birliği Dış İlişkiler Servisi – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Avrupa Birliği Dış İlişkiler Servisi" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%84%D0%B2%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B9%D1%81%D1%8C%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D1%81%D0%BB%D1%83%D0%B6%D0%B1%D0%B0_%D0%B7%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%BD%D1%96%D1%88%D0%BD%D1%96%D1%85_%D1%81%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B2" title="Європейська служба зовнішніх справ – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Європейська служба зовнішніх справ" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%AD%90%E6%B4%B2%E5%B0%8D%E5%A4%96%E4%BA%8B%E5%8B%99%E9%83%A8" title="歐洲對外事務部 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="歐洲對外事務部" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q672941#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/European_External_Action_Service" title="View the content page [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Article</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Talk:European_External_Action_Service" rel="discussion" title="Discuss improvements to the content page [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Talk</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Change language variant" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">English</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Views"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/European_External_Action_Service"><span>Read</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=European_External_Action_Service&action=edit" title="Edit this page [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Edit</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=European_External_Action_Service&action=history" title="Past revisions of this page [h]" accesskey="h"><span>View history</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Tools" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Tools</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Tools</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">hide</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="More options" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Actions </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/European_External_Action_Service"><span>Read</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=European_External_Action_Service&action=edit" title="Edit this page [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Edit</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=European_External_Action_Service&action=history"><span>View history</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> General </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/European_External_Action_Service" title="List of all English Wikipedia pages containing links to this page [j]" accesskey="j"><span>What links here</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:RecentChangesLinked/European_External_Action_Service" rel="nofollow" title="Recent changes in pages linked from this page [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Related changes</span></a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:File_Upload_Wizard" title="Upload files [u]" accesskey="u"><span>Upload file</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:SpecialPages" title="A list of all special pages [q]" accesskey="q"><span>Special pages</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=European_External_Action_Service&oldid=1249153295" title="Permanent link to this revision of this page"><span>Permanent link</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=European_External_Action_Service&action=info" title="More information about this page"><span>Page information</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CiteThisPage&page=European_External_Action_Service&id=1249153295&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Information on how to cite this page"><span>Cite this page</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FEuropean_External_Action_Service"><span>Get shortened URL</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FEuropean_External_Action_Service"><span>Download QR code</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Print/export </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:DownloadAsPdf&page=European_External_Action_Service&action=show-download-screen" title="Download this page as a PDF file"><span>Download as PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=European_External_Action_Service&printable=yes" title="Printable version of this page [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Printable version</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> In other projects </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:European_External_Action_Service" hreflang="en"><span>Wikimedia Commons</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q672941" title="Structured data on this page hosted by Wikidata [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Wikidata item</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Appearance"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Appearance</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">hide</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> <div id="mw-indicator-coordinates" class="mw-indicator"><div class="mw-parser-output"><span id="coordinates"><a href="/wiki/Geographic_coordinate_system" title="Geographic coordinate system">Coordinates</a>: <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=European_External_Action_Service&params=50_50_33_N_4_23_8_E_type:landmark_region:BE-BRU"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">50°50′33″N</span> <span class="longitude">4°23′8″E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">50.84250°N 4.38556°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">50.84250; 4.38556</span></span></span></a></span></span></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Diplomatic service and combined foreign and defence ministry of the European Union</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox"><caption class="infobox-title" style="font-size: 125%;">European External Action Service</caption><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader"><div> <table class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="width:100%; font-size:88%; text-align:left; border-collapse:collapse;"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="2" style="text-align:center; border-top: 0px;"> </th></tr> <tr style="border-bottom:1px solid #aaa"> <th style="padding-left:0.5em"><a href="/wiki/Bulgarian_language" title="Bulgarian language">Bulgarian</a>: </th> <td><span title="Bulgarian-language text"><span lang="bg">Европейска служба за външна дейност</span></span> </td></tr> <tr style="border-bottom:1px solid #aaa"> <th style="padding-left:0.5em"><a href="/wiki/Croatian_language" title="Croatian language">Croatian</a>: </th> <td><span title="Croatian-language text"><i lang="hr">Europska služba vanjskih poslova</i></span> </td></tr> <tr style="border-bottom:1px solid #aaa"> <th style="padding-left:0.5em"><a href="/wiki/Czech_language" title="Czech language">Czech</a>: </th> <td><span title="Czech-language text"><i lang="cs">Evropská služba pro vnější činnost</i></span> </td></tr> <tr style="border-bottom:1px solid #aaa"> <th style="padding-left:0.5em"><a href="/wiki/Danish_language" title="Danish language">Danish</a>: </th> <td><span title="Danish-language text"><i lang="da">Tjenesten for EU's optræden udadtil</i></span> </td></tr> <tr style="border-bottom:1px solid #aaa"> <th style="padding-left:0.5em"><a href="/wiki/Dutch_language" title="Dutch language">Dutch</a>: </th> <td><span title="Dutch-language text"><i lang="nl">Europese dienst voor extern optreden</i></span> </td></tr> <tr style="border-bottom:1px solid #aaa"> <th style="padding-left:0.5em"><a href="/wiki/Estonian_language" title="Estonian language">Estonian</a>: </th> <td><span title="Estonian-language text"><i lang="et">Euroopa välisteenistus</i></span> </td></tr> <tr style="border-bottom:1px solid #aaa"> <th style="padding-left:0.5em"><a href="/wiki/Finnish_language" title="Finnish language">Finnish</a>: </th> <td><span title="Finnish-language text"><i lang="fi">Euroopan ulkosuhdehallinto</i></span> </td></tr> <tr style="border-bottom:1px solid #aaa"> <th style="padding-left:0.5em"><a href="/wiki/French_language" title="French language">French</a>: </th> <td><span title="French-language text"><i lang="fr">Service européen pour l'action extérieure</i></span> </td></tr> <tr style="border-bottom:1px solid #aaa"> <th style="padding-left:0.5em"><a href="/wiki/German_language" title="German language">German</a>: </th> <td><span title="German-language text"><i lang="de">Europäischer Auswärtiger Dienst</i></span> </td></tr> <tr style="border-bottom:1px solid #aaa"> <th style="padding-left:0.5em"><a href="/wiki/Greek_language" title="Greek language">Greek</a>: </th> <td><span title="Greek-language text"><span lang="el">Ευρωπαϊκή Υπηρεσία Εξωτερικής Δράσης</span></span> </td></tr> <tr style="border-bottom:1px solid #aaa"> <th style="padding-left:0.5em"><a href="/wiki/Hungarian_language" title="Hungarian language">Hungarian</a>: </th> <td><span title="Hungarian-language text"><i lang="hu">Európai külügyi szolgálat</i></span> </td></tr> <tr style="border-bottom:1px solid #aaa"> <th style="padding-left:0.5em"><a href="/wiki/Irish_language" title="Irish language">Irish</a>: </th> <td><span title="Irish-language text"><i lang="ga">An tSeirbhís Eorpach Gníomhaíochta Seachtraí</i></span> </td></tr> <tr style="border-bottom:1px solid #aaa"> <th style="padding-left:0.5em"><a href="/wiki/Italian_language" title="Italian language">Italian</a>: </th> <td><span title="Italian-language text"><i lang="it">Servizio europeo per l'azione esterna</i></span> </td></tr> <tr style="border-bottom:1px solid #aaa"> <th style="padding-left:0.5em"><a href="/wiki/Latvian_language" title="Latvian language">Latvian</a>: </th> <td><span title="Latvian-language text"><i lang="lv">Eiropas Ārējās darbības dienests</i></span> </td></tr> <tr style="border-bottom:1px solid #aaa"> <th style="padding-left:0.5em"><a href="/wiki/Lithuanian_language" title="Lithuanian language">Lithuanian</a>: </th> <td><span title="Lithuanian-language text"><i lang="lt">Europos išorės veiksmų tarnyba</i></span> </td></tr> <tr style="border-bottom:1px solid #aaa"> <th style="padding-left:0.5em"><a href="/wiki/Maltese_language" title="Maltese language">Maltese</a>: </th> <td><span title="Maltese-language text"><i lang="mt">Servizz Ewropew għall-Azzjoni Esterna</i></span> </td></tr> <tr style="border-bottom:1px solid #aaa"> <th style="padding-left:0.5em"><a href="/wiki/Polish_language" title="Polish language">Polish</a>: </th> <td><span title="Polish-language text"><i lang="pl">Europejska Służba Działań Zewnętrznych</i></span> </td></tr> <tr style="border-bottom:1px solid #aaa"> <th style="padding-left:0.5em"><a href="/wiki/Portuguese_language" title="Portuguese language">Portuguese</a>: </th> <td><span title="Portuguese-language text"><i lang="pt">Serviço Europeu de Ação Externa</i></span> </td></tr> <tr style="border-bottom:1px solid #aaa"> <th style="padding-left:0.5em"><a href="/wiki/Romanian_language" title="Romanian language">Romanian</a>: </th> <td><span title="Romanian-language text"><i lang="ro">Serviciu european pentru acțiunea externa</i></span> </td></tr> <tr style="border-bottom:1px solid #aaa"> <th style="padding-left:0.5em"><a href="/wiki/Slovak_language" title="Slovak language">Slovak</a>: </th> <td><span title="Slovak-language text"><i lang="sk">Európska služba pre vonkajšiu činnost</i></span> </td></tr> <tr style="border-bottom:1px solid #aaa"> <th style="padding-left:0.5em"><a href="/wiki/Slovene_language" title="Slovene language">Slovene</a>: </th> <td><span title="Slovene-language text"><i lang="sl">Evropska služba za zunanje delovanje</i></span> </td></tr> <tr style="border-bottom:1px solid #aaa"> <th style="padding-left:0.5em"><a href="/wiki/Spanish_language" title="Spanish language">Spanish</a>: </th> <td><span title="Spanish-language text"><i lang="es">Servicio europeo de acción exterior</i></span> </td></tr> <tr style="border-bottom:1px solid #aaa"> <th style="padding-left:0.5em"><a href="/wiki/Swedish_language" title="Swedish language">Swedish</a>: </th> <td><span title="Swedish-language text"><i lang="sv">Europeiska avdelningen för yttre åtgärder</i></span> </td></tr> </tbody></table> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Insignia_of_the_European_External_Action_Service.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ad/Insignia_of_the_European_External_Action_Service.svg/150px-Insignia_of_the_European_External_Action_Service.svg.png" decoding="async" width="150" height="98" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ad/Insignia_of_the_European_External_Action_Service.svg/225px-Insignia_of_the_European_External_Action_Service.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ad/Insignia_of_the_European_External_Action_Service.svg/300px-Insignia_of_the_European_External_Action_Service.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="381" data-file-height="249" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">Emblem of the EEAS</div></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #efefef">Agency overview</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Formed</th><td class="infobox-data">1 December 2010<span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated itvstart">2010-12-01</span>)</span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Preceding agencies</th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"><ul><li style="text-indent: -1em; padding-left: 1em;"><a href="/wiki/Directorate-General_for_External_Relations_(European_Commission)" class="mw-redirect" title="Directorate-General for External Relations (European Commission)">Commission DG RELEX</a></li><li style="text-indent: -1em; padding-left: 1em;"><a href="/wiki/Council_of_the_European_Union#Foreign_affairs" title="Council of the European Union">Council Foreign Dept</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Type</th><td class="infobox-data category">Autonomous institution</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Headquarters</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Triangle_building" title="Triangle building">Triangle building</a><br />1046 <a href="/wiki/Brussels" title="Brussels">Brussels</a>, Belgium<br /><span class="geo-inline"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=European_External_Action_Service&params=50_50_33_N_4_23_8_E_type:landmark_region:BE-BRU"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">50°50′33″N</span> <span class="longitude">4°23′8″E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">50.84250°N 4.38556°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">50.84250; 4.38556</span></span></span></a></span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Employees</th><td class="infobox-data">4,169 (2018)<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Annual budget</th><td class="infobox-data">€678.5 million (2018)<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Agency executives</th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li style="text-indent: -1em; padding-left: 1em;"><a href="/wiki/Josep_Borrell" title="Josep Borrell">Josep Borrell</a>, <a href="/wiki/High_Representative_of_the_Union_for_Foreign_Affairs_and_Security_Policy" title="High Representative of the Union for Foreign Affairs and Security Policy">High Representative</a></li><li style="text-indent: -1em; padding-left: 1em;"><a href="/wiki/Stefano_Sannino" title="Stefano Sannino">Stefano Sannino</a>, Executive Secretary-General</li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Child agencies</th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li style="text-indent: -1em; padding-left: 1em;"><a href="/wiki/European_Union_Military_Staff" title="European Union Military Staff">EUMS</a></li><li style="text-indent: -1em; padding-left: 1em;"><a href="/wiki/Joint_Situation_Centre" class="mw-redirect" title="Joint Situation Centre">SitCen</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Key documents</th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li style="text-indent: -1em; padding-left: 1em;"><a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Lisbon" title="Treaty of Lisbon">Treaty of Lisbon</a></li><li style="text-indent: -1em; padding-left: 1em;"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://eur-lex.europa.eu/eli/dec/2010/427/oj">Council Decision 2010/427/EU</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Website</th><td class="infobox-data"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://eeas.europa.eu/">eeas.europa.eu</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #efefef"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546">Map</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238443738">.mw-parser-output .locmap .od{position:absolute}.mw-parser-output .locmap .id{position:absolute;line-height:0}.mw-parser-output .locmap .l0{font-size:0;position:absolute}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pv{line-height:110%;position:absolute;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pl{line-height:110%;position:absolute;top:-0.75em;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pr{line-height:110%;position:absolute;top:-0.75em;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pv>div{display:inline;padding:1px}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pl>div{display:inline;padding:1px;float:right}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pr>div{display:inline;padding:1px;float:left}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pv>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pl>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pr>div{background:#fff!important;color:#000!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .locmap{filter:grayscale(0.6)}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data .locmap div{background:transparent!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .locmap{filter:grayscale(0.6)}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pv>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pl>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pr>div{background:white!important;color:#000!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data .locmap div{background:transparent!important}}</style><div class="locmap" style="width:250px;float:right;clear:right"><div style="width:250px;padding:0"><div style="position:relative;width:250px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Map_Bruxelles-Capitale.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="European External Action Service is located in Brussels"><img alt="European External Action Service is located in Brussels" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Map_Bruxelles-Capitale.jpg/250px-Map_Bruxelles-Capitale.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="247" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Map_Bruxelles-Capitale.jpg/375px-Map_Bruxelles-Capitale.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Map_Bruxelles-Capitale.jpg/500px-Map_Bruxelles-Capitale.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1991" data-file-height="1971" /></a></span><div class="od notheme" style="top:47.727%;left:58.694%;font-size:91%"><div class="id" style="left:-3px;top:-3px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="EEAS (Triangle building)"><img alt="EEAS (Triangle building)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f1/Reddot.svg/6px-Reddot.svg.png" decoding="async" width="6" height="6" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f1/Reddot.svg/9px-Reddot.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f1/Reddot.svg/12px-Reddot.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="402" data-file-height="402" /></span></span></div><div class="pr" style="width:6em;left:4px"><div>EEAS (<a href="/wiki/Triangle_building" title="Triangle building">Triangle building</a>)</div></div></div></div><div style="font-size:91%;padding-top:3px">European External Action Service (Brussels)</div></div></div></td></tr><tr style="display:none"><th colspan="2"> </th></tr></tbody></table> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Seat_of_the_European_External_Action_Service_20090705.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Seat_of_the_European_External_Action_Service_20090705.jpg/220px-Seat_of_the_European_External_Action_Service_20090705.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="126" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Seat_of_the_European_External_Action_Service_20090705.jpg/330px-Seat_of_the_European_External_Action_Service_20090705.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Seat_of_the_European_External_Action_Service_20090705.jpg/440px-Seat_of_the_European_External_Action_Service_20090705.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1880" data-file-height="1074" /></a><figcaption>The <a href="/wiki/Triangle_building" title="Triangle building">seat</a> of the EEAS in the <a href="/wiki/Brussels_and_the_European_Union#European_Quarter" title="Brussels and the European Union">European Quarter</a> of Brussels</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:150kortenberg.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/150kortenberg.jpg/170px-150kortenberg.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="227" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/150kortenberg.jpg/255px-150kortenberg.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/150kortenberg.jpg/340px-150kortenberg.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1836" data-file-height="2448" /></a><figcaption>The <a href="/wiki/Kortenberg_building" title="Kortenberg building">Kortenberg building</a>, which houses most EEAS bodies related to the <a href="/wiki/Common_Security_and_Defence_Policy" title="Common Security and Defence Policy">Common Security and Defence Policy</a></figcaption></figure> <p>The <b>European External Action Service</b> (<b>EEAS</b>) is the <a href="/wiki/Diplomatic_service" title="Diplomatic service">diplomatic service</a> in charge of executing all <a href="/wiki/Foreign_relations_of_the_European_Union" title="Foreign relations of the European Union">international relations</a> of the <a href="/wiki/European_Union" title="European Union">European Union</a>. The EEAS is led by the <a href="/wiki/High_Representative_of_the_Union_for_Foreign_Affairs_and_Security_Policy" title="High Representative of the Union for Foreign Affairs and Security Policy">High Representative for Foreign Affairs and Security Policy</a> (HR/VP), who is also President of the <a href="/wiki/Foreign_Affairs_Council" title="Foreign Affairs Council">Foreign Affairs Council</a> and vice-president of the <a href="/wiki/European_Commission" title="European Commission">European Commission</a>, and carries out the EU's <a href="/wiki/Common_Foreign_and_Security_Policy" title="Common Foreign and Security Policy">Common Foreign and Security Policy</a> (CFSP), including the <a href="/wiki/Common_Security_and_Defence_Policy" title="Common Security and Defence Policy">Common Security and Defence Policy</a> (CSDP).<sup id="cite_ref-23Oct_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23Oct-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:1_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The EEAS does not propose or implement policy in its own name, but prepares acts to be adopted by the <a href="/wiki/High_Representative_of_the_Union_for_Foreign_Affairs_and_Security_Policy" title="High Representative of the Union for Foreign Affairs and Security Policy">High Representative</a>, the <a href="/wiki/European_Commission" title="European Commission">European Commission</a> or the <a href="/wiki/Council_of_the_European_Union" title="Council of the European Union">Council</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The EEAS is also in charge of EU diplomatic missions (<a href="/wiki/List_of_diplomatic_missions_of_the_European_Union" class="mw-redirect" title="List of diplomatic missions of the European Union">delegations</a>)<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and intelligence and crisis management structures.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The EEAS, as well as the office of the HR, was initiated following the entry into force of the <a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Lisbon" title="Treaty of Lisbon">Treaty of Lisbon</a> on 1 December 2009. It was formally established on 1 December 2010.<sup id="cite_ref-launch_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-launch-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The EEAS was formed by merger of the external relations departments of the <a href="/wiki/European_Commission" title="European Commission">European Commission</a> and of the <a href="/wiki/Council_of_the_European_Union" title="Council of the European Union">Council</a>, which were joined by staff seconded from national diplomatic services of the Member States.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Although it supports both the commission and the council, the EEAS is independent from them and has its own staff, as well as a separate section in the EU budget.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The EEAS and the <a href="/wiki/European_Defence_Agency" title="European Defence Agency">European Defence Agency</a> (EDA) together form the Secretariat of the <a href="/wiki/Permanent_Structured_Cooperation" title="Permanent Structured Cooperation">Permanent Structured Cooperation</a> (PESCO), the structural integration pursued by 25 of the 27 national armed forces of the EU since 2017.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=European_External_Action_Service&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Triangle_building_construction_2007.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/40/Triangle_building_construction_2007.jpg/220px-Triangle_building_construction_2007.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="105" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/40/Triangle_building_construction_2007.jpg/330px-Triangle_building_construction_2007.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/40/Triangle_building_construction_2007.jpg/440px-Triangle_building_construction_2007.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1882" data-file-height="896" /></a><figcaption>The <a href="/wiki/Triangle_building" title="Triangle building">EEAS main building</a> under construction in 2007, as seen in the distance across the <a href="/wiki/Parc_du_Cinquantenaire" class="mw-redirect" title="Parc du Cinquantenaire">Parc du Cinquantenaire</a> in Brussels, Belgium</figcaption></figure> <p>The EEAS was first included in the original <a href="/wiki/European_Constitution" class="mw-redirect" title="European Constitution">European Constitution</a>, a single EU external relations department was seen as necessary to support the proposed single <a href="/wiki/High_Representative_of_the_Union_for_Foreign_Affairs_and_Security_Policy" title="High Representative of the Union for Foreign Affairs and Security Policy">HR</a> post; as Charles Grant, Director of the Centre for European Reform, says it would "...be like having a conductor without an orchestra—or rather, a conductor trying to conduct two separate orchestras at the same time."<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Following the rejection of the Constitution, the changes were revived in the <a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Lisbon" title="Treaty of Lisbon">Treaty of Lisbon</a> which came into force in 2009. </p><p>The mandate for the External Action Service is laid down under <a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Treaty_of_Lisbon/Article_1_-_Treaty_on_European_Union/Article_13" class="extiw" title="s:Treaty of Lisbon/Article 1 - Treaty on European Union/Article 13">article 13a-III</a> of the Treaty of Lisbon (<a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Consolidated_version_of_the_Treaty_on_European_Union/Title_V:_General_Provisions_on_the_Union%27s_External_Action_Service_and_Specific_Provisions_on_the_Common_Foreign_and_Security_Policy#Article_27" class="extiw" title="s:Consolidated version of the Treaty on European Union/Title V: General Provisions on the Union's External Action Service and Specific Provisions on the Common Foreign and Security Policy">TEU Article 27</a>), and states the following: </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1244412712">.mw-parser-output .templatequote{overflow:hidden;margin:1em 0;padding:0 32px}.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{line-height:1.5em;text-align:left;margin-top:0}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{padding-left:1.6em}}</style><blockquote class="templatequote"><p>In fulfilling his mandate, the High Representative shall be assisted by a European External Action Service. This service shall work in cooperation with the diplomatic services of the Member States and shall comprise officials from relevant departments of the General Secretariat of the Council and of the Commission as well as staff seconded from national diplomatic services of the Member States. The organisation and functioning of the European External Action Service shall be established by a decision of the Council. The Council shall act on a proposal from the High Representative after consulting the European Parliament and after obtaining the consent of the Commission.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p></blockquote> <p>Shortly before the treaty came into force, <a href="/wiki/Catherine_Ashton" title="Catherine Ashton">Catherine Ashton</a> was named <a href="/wiki/High_Representative_of_the_Union_for_Foreign_Affairs_and_Security_Policy" title="High Representative of the Union for Foreign Affairs and Security Policy">HR</a> and tasked with drawing up the structure of the new EEAS. Following the <a href="/wiki/2010_Haiti_earthquake" title="2010 Haiti earthquake">2010 Haiti earthquake</a> Ashton chaired a meeting of the foreign policy actors across the <a href="/wiki/European_Commission" title="European Commission">Commission</a>, <a href="/wiki/Council_of_the_European_Union" title="Council of the European Union">Council</a> and <a href="/wiki/Member_State_of_the_European_Union" class="mw-redirect" title="Member State of the European Union">member states</a> to give a coordinated response to the disaster. Although she refused to describe it as the first act of the external action service, Ashton did stress that it was the first time that such a co-ordination between all the various EU foreign policy actors had been accomplished before.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Throughout the first half of 2010 Ashton fought for agreement between the Council, Parliament and the Commission as to the future shape of the EEAS. The Commission wanted to retain as many of its existing competencies (trade, development, enlargement, representations and so forth) as possible<sup id="cite_ref-chatham_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-chatham-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> while Parliament fought to gain as much oversight over the EEAS as possible by demanding scrutiny of appointments and budgets.<sup id="cite_ref-Concessions_to_Parliament_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Concessions_to_Parliament-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Parliament removed the last hurdle to the plan on 8 July, when MEPs approved the service by 549 votes for and 78 against with 17 abstentions. The Council approved the transfer of departments to the EEAS on 20 July. Until the EEAS became operational, Ashton was only supported by around 30 people on a floor of the <a href="/wiki/Berlaymont_building" title="Berlaymont building">Berlaymont building</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Historic_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Historic-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Establishment_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Establishment-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The EEAS was formally launched at the Commission headquarters in a low key event on 1 December 2010.<sup id="cite_ref-launch_10-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-launch-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Organisation">Organisation</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=European_External_Action_Service&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Organisation"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>For organisation of the executive offices, see <a href="#Senior_posts">Senior posts</a> below<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li:last-child::after{content:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:first-child::before{content:" (";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:last-child::after{content:")";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol{counter-reset:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li{counter-increment:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li::before{content:" "counter(listitem)"\a0 "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li ol>li:first-child::before{content:" ("counter(listitem)"\a0 "}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1246091330">.mw-parser-output .sidebar{width:22em;float:right;clear:right;margin:0.5em 0 1em 1em;background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa);border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);padding:0.2em;text-align:center;line-height:1.4em;font-size:88%;border-collapse:collapse;display:table}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .sidebar{display:table!important;float:right!important;margin:0.5em 0 1em 1em!important}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-subgroup{width:100%;margin:0;border-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-left{float:left;clear:left;margin:0.5em 1em 1em 0}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-none{float:none;clear:both;margin:0.5em 1em 1em 0}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-outer-title{padding:0 0.4em 0.2em;font-size:125%;line-height:1.2em;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-top-image{padding:0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-top-caption,.mw-parser-output .sidebar-pretitle-with-top-image,.mw-parser-output .sidebar-caption{padding:0.2em 0.4em 0;line-height:1.2em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-pretitle{padding:0.4em 0.4em 0;line-height:1.2em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-title,.mw-parser-output .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{padding:0.2em 0.8em;font-size:145%;line-height:1.2em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{padding:0.1em 0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-image{padding:0.2em 0.4em 0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-heading{padding:0.1em 0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-content{padding:0 0.5em 0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-content-with-subgroup{padding:0.1em 0.4em 0.2em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-above,.mw-parser-output .sidebar-below{padding:0.3em 0.8em;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-collapse .sidebar-above,.mw-parser-output .sidebar-collapse .sidebar-below{border-top:1px solid #aaa;border-bottom:1px solid #aaa}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-navbar{text-align:right;font-size:115%;padding:0 0.4em 0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-list-title{padding:0 0.4em;text-align:left;font-weight:bold;line-height:1.6em;font-size:105%}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-list-title-c{padding:0 0.4em;text-align:center;margin:0 3.3em}@media(max-width:640px){body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .sidebar{width:100%!important;clear:both;float:none!important;margin-left:0!important;margin-right:0!important}}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .sidebar a>img{max-width:none!important}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-list-title,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-list-title,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sidebar{display:none!important}}</style><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><table class="sidebar sidebar-collapse nomobile vcard"><tbody><tr><td class="sidebar-pretitle">This article is part of <a href="/wiki/Category:Politics_of_the_European_Union" title="Category:Politics of the European Union">a series</a> on</td></tr><tr><th class="sidebar-title-with-pretitle"><div class="adr"><a href="/wiki/Politics_of_the_European_Union" title="Politics of the European Union">Politics of the European Union</a></div></th></tr><tr><th><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Europe.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Flag_of_Europe.svg/125px-Flag_of_Europe.svg.png" decoding="async" width="125" height="83" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Flag_of_Europe.svg/188px-Flag_of_Europe.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Flag_of_Europe.svg/250px-Flag_of_Europe.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="810" data-file-height="540" /></a></span></th></tr><tr><th style="border-bottom: #aaa 1px solid"></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="text-align:left; background:lavender;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Member_state_of_the_European_Union" title="Member state of the European Union">Member states</a> (27)</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="padding-top: 0; text-align: left;"><div><ul><li><span class="flagicon" style="display:inline-block;width:25px;"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_Austria.svg/23px-Flag_of_Austria.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_Austria.svg/35px-Flag_of_Austria.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_Austria.svg/45px-Flag_of_Austria.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Austria" title="Austria">Austria</a></li><li><span class="flagicon" style="display:inline-block;width:25px;"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg/45px-Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Belgium" title="Belgium">Belgium</a></li><li><span class="flagicon" style="display:inline-block;width:25px;"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg/23px-Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg/35px-Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg/46px-Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Bulgaria" title="Bulgaria">Bulgaria</a></li><li><span class="flagicon" style="display:inline-block;width:25px;"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Flag_of_Croatia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Croatia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Flag_of_Croatia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Croatia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Flag_of_Croatia.svg/46px-Flag_of_Croatia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Croatia" title="Croatia">Croatia</a></li><li><span class="flagicon" style="display:inline-block;width:25px;"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Flag_of_Cyprus.svg/23px-Flag_of_Cyprus.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Flag_of_Cyprus.svg/35px-Flag_of_Cyprus.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Flag_of_Cyprus.svg/45px-Flag_of_Cyprus.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Cyprus" title="Cyprus">Cyprus</a></li><li><span class="flagicon" style="display:inline-block;width:25px;"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Czech_Republic" title="Czech Republic">Czech Republic</a></li><li><span class="flagicon" style="display:inline-block;width:25px;"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_Denmark.svg/20px-Flag_of_Denmark.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_Denmark.svg/31px-Flag_of_Denmark.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_Denmark.svg/40px-Flag_of_Denmark.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="387" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Denmark" title="Denmark">Denmark</a></li><li><span class="flagicon" style="display:inline-block;width:25px;"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Flag_of_Estonia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Estonia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Flag_of_Estonia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Estonia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Flag_of_Estonia.svg/46px-Flag_of_Estonia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="990" data-file-height="630" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Estonia" title="Estonia">Estonia</a></li><li><span class="flagicon" style="display:inline-block;width:25px;"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_Finland.svg/23px-Flag_of_Finland.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_Finland.svg/35px-Flag_of_Finland.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_Finland.svg/46px-Flag_of_Finland.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1800" data-file-height="1100" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Finland" title="Finland">Finland</a></li><li><span class="flagicon" style="display:inline-block;width:25px;"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/23px-Flag_of_France.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/35px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/45px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/France" title="France">France</a></li><li><span class="flagicon" style="display:inline-block;width:25px;"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/23px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/35px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/46px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Germany" title="Germany">Germany</a></li><li><span class="flagicon" style="display:inline-block;width:25px;"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Greece.svg/23px-Flag_of_Greece.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Greece.svg/35px-Flag_of_Greece.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Greece.svg/45px-Flag_of_Greece.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="400" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Greece" title="Greece">Greece</a></li><li><span class="flagicon" style="display:inline-block;width:25px;"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Flag_of_Hungary.svg/23px-Flag_of_Hungary.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Flag_of_Hungary.svg/35px-Flag_of_Hungary.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Flag_of_Hungary.svg/46px-Flag_of_Hungary.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Hungary" title="Hungary">Hungary</a></li><li><span class="flagicon" style="display:inline-block;width:25px;"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Flag_of_Ireland.svg/23px-Flag_of_Ireland.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Flag_of_Ireland.svg/35px-Flag_of_Ireland.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Flag_of_Ireland.svg/46px-Flag_of_Ireland.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Ireland" title="Republic of Ireland">Ireland</a></li><li><span class="flagicon" style="display:inline-block;width:25px;"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/23px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/35px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/45px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="1000" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Italy" title="Italy">Italy</a></li><li><span class="flagicon" style="display:inline-block;width:25px;"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Flag_of_Latvia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Latvia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Flag_of_Latvia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Latvia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Flag_of_Latvia.svg/46px-Flag_of_Latvia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Latvia" title="Latvia">Latvia</a></li><li><span class="flagicon" style="display:inline-block;width:25px;"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Flag_of_Lithuania.svg/23px-Flag_of_Lithuania.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Flag_of_Lithuania.svg/35px-Flag_of_Lithuania.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Flag_of_Lithuania.svg/46px-Flag_of_Lithuania.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Lithuania" title="Lithuania">Lithuania</a></li><li><span class="flagicon" style="display:inline-block;width:25px;"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Flag_of_Luxembourg.svg/23px-Flag_of_Luxembourg.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Flag_of_Luxembourg.svg/35px-Flag_of_Luxembourg.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Flag_of_Luxembourg.svg/46px-Flag_of_Luxembourg.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="307" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Luxembourg" title="Luxembourg">Luxembourg</a></li><li><span class="flagicon" style="display:inline-block;width:25px;"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Malta.svg/23px-Flag_of_Malta.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Malta.svg/35px-Flag_of_Malta.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Malta.svg/45px-Flag_of_Malta.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Malta" title="Malta">Malta</a></li><li><span class="flagicon" style="display:inline-block;width:25px;"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Netherlands" title="Netherlands">Netherlands</a></li><li><span class="flagicon" style="display:inline-block;width:25px;"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/12/Flag_of_Poland.svg/23px-Flag_of_Poland.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/12/Flag_of_Poland.svg/35px-Flag_of_Poland.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/12/Flag_of_Poland.svg/46px-Flag_of_Poland.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="800" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Poland" title="Poland">Poland</a></li><li><span class="flagicon" style="display:inline-block;width:25px;"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Portugal.svg/23px-Flag_of_Portugal.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Portugal.svg/35px-Flag_of_Portugal.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Portugal.svg/45px-Flag_of_Portugal.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="400" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Portugal" title="Portugal">Portugal</a></li><li><span class="flagicon" style="display:inline-block;width:25px;"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Romania.svg/23px-Flag_of_Romania.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Romania.svg/35px-Flag_of_Romania.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Romania.svg/45px-Flag_of_Romania.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="400" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Romania" title="Romania">Romania</a></li><li><span class="flagicon" style="display:inline-block;width:25px;"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Flag_of_Slovakia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Slovakia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Flag_of_Slovakia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Slovakia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Flag_of_Slovakia.svg/45px-Flag_of_Slovakia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Slovakia" title="Slovakia">Slovakia</a></li><li><span class="flagicon" style="display:inline-block;width:25px;"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Flag_of_Slovenia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Slovenia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Flag_of_Slovenia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Slovenia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Flag_of_Slovenia.svg/46px-Flag_of_Slovenia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Slovenia" title="Slovenia">Slovenia</a></li><li><span class="flagicon" style="display:inline-block;width:25px;"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Spain.svg/23px-Flag_of_Spain.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Spain.svg/35px-Flag_of_Spain.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Spain.svg/45px-Flag_of_Spain.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="750" data-file-height="500" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Spain" title="Spain">Spain</a></li><li><span class="flagicon" style="display:inline-block;width:25px;"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Sweden.svg/23px-Flag_of_Sweden.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Sweden.svg/35px-Flag_of_Sweden.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Sweden.svg/46px-Flag_of_Sweden.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1000" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Sweden" title="Sweden">Sweden</a></li></ul></div> <hr /> <div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"><b><a href="/wiki/Potential_enlargement_of_the_European_Union" title="Potential enlargement of the European Union">Candidate countries</a></b></div> <ul><li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Albania" title="Albania"><img alt="Albania" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Flag_of_Albania.svg/21px-Flag_of_Albania.svg.png" decoding="async" width="21" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Flag_of_Albania.svg/32px-Flag_of_Albania.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Flag_of_Albania.svg/42px-Flag_of_Albania.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="700" data-file-height="500" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Accession_of_Albania_to_the_European_Union" title="Accession of Albania to the European Union">Albania</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Bosnia_and_Herzegovina" title="Bosnia and Herzegovina"><img alt="Bosnia and Herzegovina" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/Flag_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina.svg/23px-Flag_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/Flag_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina.svg/35px-Flag_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/Flag_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina.svg/46px-Flag_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="400" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Accession_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina_to_the_European_Union" title="Accession of Bosnia and Herzegovina to the European Union">Bosnia and Herzegovina</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Georgia_(country)" title="Georgia (country)"><img alt="Georgia (country)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/Flag_of_Georgia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Georgia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/Flag_of_Georgia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Georgia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/Flag_of_Georgia.svg/45px-Flag_of_Georgia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Georgia%E2%80%93European_Union_relations" title="Georgia–European Union relations">Georgia</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Moldova" title="Moldova"><img alt="Moldova" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Flag_of_Moldova.svg/23px-Flag_of_Moldova.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Flag_of_Moldova.svg/35px-Flag_of_Moldova.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Flag_of_Moldova.svg/46px-Flag_of_Moldova.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1800" data-file-height="900" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Accession_of_Moldova_to_the_European_Union" title="Accession of Moldova to the European Union">Moldova</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Montenegro" title="Montenegro"><img alt="Montenegro" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Flag_of_Montenegro.svg/23px-Flag_of_Montenegro.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Flag_of_Montenegro.svg/35px-Flag_of_Montenegro.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Flag_of_Montenegro.svg/46px-Flag_of_Montenegro.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Accession_of_Montenegro_to_the_European_Union" title="Accession of Montenegro to the European Union">Montenegro</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/North_Macedonia" title="North Macedonia"><img alt="North Macedonia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Flag_of_North_Macedonia.svg/23px-Flag_of_North_Macedonia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Flag_of_North_Macedonia.svg/35px-Flag_of_North_Macedonia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Flag_of_North_Macedonia.svg/46px-Flag_of_North_Macedonia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Accession_of_North_Macedonia_to_the_European_Union" title="Accession of North Macedonia to the European Union">North Macedonia</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Serbia" title="Serbia"><img alt="Serbia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Flag_of_Serbia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Serbia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Flag_of_Serbia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Serbia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Flag_of_Serbia.svg/45px-Flag_of_Serbia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1350" data-file-height="900" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Accession_of_Serbia_to_the_European_Union" title="Accession of Serbia to the European Union">Serbia</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Ukraine" title="Ukraine"><img alt="Ukraine" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Flag_of_Ukraine.svg/23px-Flag_of_Ukraine.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Flag_of_Ukraine.svg/35px-Flag_of_Ukraine.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Flag_of_Ukraine.svg/45px-Flag_of_Ukraine.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Accession_of_Ukraine_to_the_European_Union" title="Accession of Ukraine to the European Union">Ukraine</a></li></ul> <hr /> <div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"><b><a href="/wiki/Potential_enlargement_of_the_European_Union" title="Potential enlargement of the European Union">Countries with suspended accession negotiations</a></b></div> <ul><li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Turkey" title="Turkey"><img alt="Turkey" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Flag_of_Turkey.svg/23px-Flag_of_Turkey.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Flag_of_Turkey.svg/35px-Flag_of_Turkey.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Flag_of_Turkey.svg/45px-Flag_of_Turkey.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Accession_of_Turkey_to_the_European_Union" title="Accession of Turkey to the European Union">Turkey</a></li></ul> <hr /> <div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"><b><a href="/wiki/Potential_enlargement_of_the_European_Union" title="Potential enlargement of the European Union">Applicant countries</a></b></div> <ul><li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Kosovo" title="Kosovo"><img alt="Kosovo" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Flag_of_Kosovo.svg/21px-Flag_of_Kosovo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="21" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Flag_of_Kosovo.svg/32px-Flag_of_Kosovo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Flag_of_Kosovo.svg/42px-Flag_of_Kosovo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="840" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Accession_of_Kosovo_to_the_European_Union" title="Accession of Kosovo to the European Union">Kosovo</a></li></ul> <hr /> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Special_territories_of_states_participating_in_the_European_integration" class="mw-redirect" title="Special territories of states participating in the European integration">Special territories</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Belgium%E2%80%93Germany_relations" title="Belgium–Germany relations">Belgium–Germany relations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/France%E2%80%93Germany_relations" title="France–Germany relations">France–Germany relations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Germany%E2%80%93Netherlands_relations" title="Germany–Netherlands relations">Germany–Netherlands relations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/EU_three" title="EU three">EU 3</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Withdrawal_from_the_European_Union" title="Withdrawal from the European Union">Withdrawal from the European Union</a></li></ul> <hr /></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="text-align:left; background:lavender;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Treaties_of_the_European_Union" title="Treaties of the European Union">Treaties and Declarations</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="padding-top: 0; text-align: left;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Schuman_Declaration" title="Schuman Declaration">Schuman Declaration</a> (1950)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Paris_(1951)" title="Treaty of Paris (1951)">Treaty of Paris</a> (1951)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Europe_Declaration" title="Europe Declaration">Europe Declaration</a> (1951)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spaak_Report" title="Spaak Report">Spaak Report</a> (1956)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Rome" title="Treaty of Rome">Treaty of Rome</a> (1957)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Euratom_Treaty" title="Euratom Treaty">Euratom Treaty</a> (1957)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Merger_Treaty" title="Merger Treaty">Merger Treaty</a> (1965)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Solemn_Declaration_on_European_Union" title="Solemn Declaration on European Union">Solemn Declaration</a> (1983)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Single_European_Act" title="Single European Act">Single European Act</a> (1986)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maastricht_Treaty" title="Maastricht Treaty">Maastricht Treaty</a> (1992)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Amsterdam" title="Treaty of Amsterdam">Treaty of Amsterdam</a> (1997)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Nice" title="Treaty of Nice">Treaty of Nice</a> (2001)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Berlin_Declaration_(2007)" title="Berlin Declaration (2007)">Berlin Declaration</a> (2007)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Lisbon" title="Treaty of Lisbon">Treaty of Lisbon</a> (2007) <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Article_7_of_the_Treaty_on_European_Union" title="Article 7 of the Treaty on European Union">Article 7</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Withdrawal_from_the_European_Union" title="Withdrawal from the European Union">Article 50</a></li></ul></li></ul> <hr /> <div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"><a href="/wiki/Opt-outs_in_the_European_Union" title="Opt-outs in the European Union">Opt-outs</a></div> <hr /> <div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"><b>Treaties of accession</b></div> <div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"><a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Accession_1972" title="Treaty of Accession 1972">1972</a>, <a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Accession_1979" title="Treaty of Accession 1979">1979</a>, <a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Accession_1985" title="Treaty of Accession 1985">1985</a>, <a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Accession_1994" title="Treaty of Accession 1994">1994</a>, <a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Accession_2003" title="Treaty of Accession 2003">2003</a>, <a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Accession_2005" title="Treaty of Accession 2005">2005</a>, <a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Accession_2011" title="Treaty of Accession 2011">2011</a></div> <hr /> <div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"><b>Treaties of succession</b></div> <div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"><a href="/wiki/Withdrawal_of_Greenland_from_the_European_Communities" title="Withdrawal of Greenland from the European Communities">1984</a>, <a href="/wiki/Brexit_withdrawal_agreement" title="Brexit withdrawal agreement">2020</a></div> <hr /> <div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"><b>Other treaties</b></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Schengen_Agreement" title="Schengen Agreement">Schengen Agreement</a> (1985)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/European_Economic_Area" title="European Economic Area">European Economic Area Agreement</a> (1992)</li></ul> <hr /> <div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"><b>Abandoned treaties and agreements</b></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Treaty_establishing_a_Constitution_for_Europe" title="Treaty establishing a Constitution for Europe">European Constitution</a> (2004)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/2015%E2%80%932016_United_Kingdom_renegotiation_of_European_Union_membership" title="2015–2016 United Kingdom renegotiation of European Union membership">UK membership renegotiation</a> (2015–2016)</li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="text-align:left; background:lavender;;color: var(--color-base)">Executive institutions</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="padding-top: 0; text-align: left;"><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"><b><a href="/wiki/European_Council" title="European Council">European Council</a></b></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/President_of_the_European_Council" title="President of the European Council">President</a>: <a href="/wiki/Charles_Michel" title="Charles Michel">Michel</a> (ALDE) <ul><li><a href="/wiki/European_Council#Political_parties" title="European Council">Parties</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_European_Council_meetings" title="List of European Council meetings">List of meetings</a></li></ul></li></ul> <hr /> <div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"><b><a href="/wiki/European_Commission" title="European Commission">European Commission</a></b></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Von_der_Leyen_Commission" title="Von der Leyen Commission">Von der Leyen Commission</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/President_of_the_European_Commission" title="President of the European Commission">President</a>: <a href="/wiki/Ursula_von_der_Leyen" title="Ursula von der Leyen">Von der Leyen</a> (EPP)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vice-President_of_the_European_Commission" title="Vice-President of the European Commission">Vice Presidents</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/European_Commissioner" class="mw-redirect" title="European Commissioner">College of Commissioners</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/European_Civil_Service" title="European Civil Service">Civil Service</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Secretary-General_of_the_European_Commission" title="Secretary-General of the European Commission">Secretary-General</a>: <a href="/wiki/Ilze_Juhansone" title="Ilze Juhansone"> Juhansone</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="text-align:left; background:lavender;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/European_Union_legislative_procedure" title="European Union legislative procedure">Legislative institutions</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="padding-top: 0; text-align: left;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/European_Union_legislative_procedure" title="European Union legislative procedure">Legislative procedure</a></li></ul> <hr /> <div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"><b><a href="/wiki/Council_of_the_European_Union" title="Council of the European Union">Council of the EU</a></b><br /> <div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"><b><a href="/wiki/Presidency_of_the_Council_of_the_European_Union" title="Presidency of the Council of the European Union">Presidency</a></b></div> <div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Hungary" title="Hungary"><img alt="Hungary" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Flag_of_Hungary.svg/23px-Flag_of_Hungary.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Flag_of_Hungary.svg/35px-Flag_of_Hungary.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Flag_of_Hungary.svg/46px-Flag_of_Hungary.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/2024_Hungarian_Presidency_of_the_Council_of_the_European_Union" title="2024 Hungarian Presidency of the Council of the European Union"><b>Hungary</b></a></div> <div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;">(<a href="/wiki/2024_Hungarian_Presidency_of_the_Council_of_the_European_Union" title="2024 Hungarian Presidency of the Council of the European Union">July–December 2024</a>) </div></div> <hr /> <div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"><b>Configurations</b></div> <div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"> <div class="hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/General_Affairs_Council" title="General Affairs Council">GAC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foreign_Affairs_Council" title="Foreign Affairs Council">FAC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economic_and_Financial_Affairs_Council" title="Economic and Financial Affairs Council">ECOFIN</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Eurogroup" title="Eurogroup">Eurogroup</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Agriculture_and_Fisheries_Council" title="Agriculture and Fisheries Council">AGRIFISH</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Employment,_Social_Policy,_Health_and_Consumer_Affairs_Council" title="Employment, Social Policy, Health and Consumer Affairs Council">EPSCO</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Competitiveness_Council_(COMPET)" title="Competitiveness Council (COMPET)">COMPET</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transport,_Telecommunications_and_Energy_Council" title="Transport, Telecommunications and Energy Council">TTE</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Environment_Council" title="Environment Council">ENVI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Justice_and_Home_Affairs_Council" title="Justice and Home Affairs Council">JHA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Education,_Youth,_Culture_and_Sport_Council" title="Education, Youth, Culture and Sport Council">EYC</a></li></ul> </div> </div> <hr /> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Voting_in_the_Council_of_the_European_Union" title="Voting in the Council of the European Union">Voting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/General_Secretariat_of_the_Council_of_the_European_Union" title="General Secretariat of the Council of the European Union">Secretariat</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Secretary-General_of_the_Council_of_the_European_Union" title="Secretary-General of the Council of the European Union">Secretary-General</a>: <a href="/wiki/Th%C3%A9r%C3%A8se_Blanchet" title="Thérèse Blanchet">Thérèse Blanchet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_directorates-general_of_the_Council_of_the_European_Union" class="mw-redirect" title="List of directorates-general of the Council of the European Union">Directorates-general</a></li></ul></li> <li>Council preparatory bodies <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Committee_of_Permanent_Representatives" title="Committee of Permanent Representatives">COREPER</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Council_Working_Party" title="Council Working Party">Council Working Parties</a></li></ul></li></ul> <hr /> <div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"><b><a href="/wiki/European_Parliament" title="European Parliament">European Parliament</a></b><br />(<a href="/wiki/List_of_members_of_the_European_Parliament_(2024%E2%80%932029)" title="List of members of the European Parliament (2024–2029)">Members</a>)</div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/President_of_the_European_Parliament" title="President of the European Parliament">President</a>: <a href="/wiki/Roberta_Metsola" title="Roberta Metsola">Metsola</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Political_groups_of_the_European_Parliament" title="Political groups of the European Parliament">Largest groups</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/European_People%27s_Party_group" class="mw-redirect" title="European People's Party group">EPP</a> (<a href="/wiki/Manfred_Weber" title="Manfred Weber">Manfred Weber</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Progressive_Alliance_of_Socialists_and_Democrats" title="Progressive Alliance of Socialists and Democrats">S&D</a> (<a href="/wiki/Iratxe_Garc%C3%ADa" title="Iratxe García">Iratxe García</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Member_of_the_European_Parliament" title="Member of the European Parliament">Member of the European Parliament</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tenth_European_Parliament" title="Tenth European Parliament">10th session</a> (2024–2029)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bureau_of_the_European_Parliament" title="Bureau of the European Parliament">Bureau</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Vice-President_of_the_European_Parliament" title="Vice-President of the European Parliament">Vice Presidents</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quaestor_(European_Parliament)" title="Quaestor (European Parliament)">Quaestor</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conference_of_Presidents_of_the_European_Parliament" title="Conference of Presidents of the European Parliament">Conference</a></li></ul> <hr /> <div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"><b><a href="/wiki/National_parliaments_of_the_European_Union" title="National parliaments of the European Union">National parliaments</a></b></div></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="text-align:left; background:lavender;;color: var(--color-base)">Judicial institutions</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="padding-top: 0; text-align: left;"><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"><b><a href="/wiki/Court_of_Justice_of_the_European_Union" title="Court of Justice of the European Union">Court of Justice of the EU</a></b></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/European_Court_of_Justice" title="European Court of Justice">European Court of Justice</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_members_of_the_European_Court_of_Justice" title="List of members of the European Court of Justice">Members</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Advocate_General_(European_Union)" class="mw-redirect" title="Advocate General (European Union)">Advocates General</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_European_Court_of_Justice_rulings" title="List of European Court of Justice rulings">Rulings</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/General_Court_(European_Union)" title="General Court (European Union)">General Court</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="text-align:left; background:lavender;;color: var(--color-base)">Auditory institutions</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="padding-top: 0; text-align: left;"><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"><b><a href="/wiki/European_Court_of_Auditors" title="European Court of Auditors">European Court of Auditors</a></b></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/European_Court_of_Auditors" title="European Court of Auditors">European Court of Auditors</a></li></ul> <hr /> <div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"><b>Other auditory bodies</b></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Internal_Audit_Service_(European_Commission)" title="Internal Audit Service (European Commission)">Internal Audit Service of the Commission</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/European_Parliament_Committee_on_Budgetary_Control" title="European Parliament Committee on Budgetary Control"> Committee on Budgetary Control of the Parliament</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economic_and_Financial_Affairs_Council" title="Economic and Financial Affairs Council">Economic and Financial Affairs configuration of the Council</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/European_Anti-Fraud_Office" title="European Anti-Fraud Office">Anti-Fraud Office</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/European_Public_Prosecutor%27s_Office" title="European Public Prosecutor's Office">Public Prosecutor's Office</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="text-align:left; background:lavender;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/European_Central_Bank" title="European Central Bank">European Central Bank</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="padding-top: 0; text-align: left;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/President_of_the_European_Central_Bank" title="President of the European Central Bank">President</a> <a href="/wiki/Christine_Lagarde" title="Christine Lagarde">Lagarde</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/European_System_of_Central_Banks" title="European System of Central Banks">ESCB</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economic_and_Monetary_Union_of_the_European_Union" title="Economic and Monetary Union of the European Union">EMU</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Euro_banknotes" title="Euro banknotes">Euro banknotes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Euro_coins" title="Euro coins">Euro coins</a></li></ul></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="text-align:left; background:lavender;;color: var(--color-base)">Other bodies</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="padding-top: 0; text-align: left;"><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"><b>European Investment Bank Group</b></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/European_Investment_Bank" title="European Investment Bank">Investment Bank</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/European_Investment_Fund" title="European Investment Fund">Investment Fund</a></li> <li>EIB Institute</li></ul> <hr /> <div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"><b>European Stability Mechanism</b></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/European_Stability_Mechanism" title="European Stability Mechanism">European Stability Mechanism</a></li></ul> <hr /> <div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"><b>European University Institute</b></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/European_University_Institute" title="European University Institute">European University Institute</a></li></ul> <hr /> <div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"><b>Unified Patent Court</b></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Unified_Patent_Court" title="Unified Patent Court">Unified Patent Court</a></li></ul> <hr /> <div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"><b><a href="/wiki/Agencies,_decentralised_independent_bodies_and_joint_undertakings_of_the_European_Union_and_the_Euratom" class="mw-redirect" title="Agencies, decentralised independent bodies and joint undertakings of the European Union and the Euratom">Agencies, decentralised independent bodies and joint undertakings</a></b></div> <ul><li>Decentralised agencies of the EU <ul><li>Single market agencies</li> <li>CFSP agencies</li> <li>AFSC agencies</li> <li>ESFS <a href="/wiki/European_Supervisory_Authorities" class="mw-redirect" title="European Supervisory Authorities">European Supervisory Authorities</a></li> <li>SRM bodies</li></ul></li> <li>Executive agencies of the EU</li> <li>Euratom agencies</li> <li>Decentralised independent bodies of the EU <ul><li><a href="/wiki/European_Institute_of_Innovation_and_Technology" title="European Institute of Innovation and Technology">European Institute of Innovation and Technology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/European_Public_Prosecutor%27s_Office" title="European Public Prosecutor's Office">European Public Prosecutor's Office</a></li></ul></li> <li>Corporate bodies of the EU <ul><li><a href="/wiki/European_Data_Protection_Board" title="European Data Protection Board">European Data Protection Board</a></li> <li>Authority for European Political Parties and European Political Foundations</li></ul></li> <li>Joint undertakings <ul><li>of the EU</li> <li>of the Euratom</li></ul></li></ul> <hr /> <div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"><b>Other independent bodies</b></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/European_Data_Protection_Supervisor" title="European Data Protection Supervisor">European Data Protection Supervisor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/European_Ombudsman" title="European Ombudsman">European Ombudsman</a></li></ul> <hr /> <div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"><b><a href="/wiki/Advisory_bodies_to_the_European_Union" title="Advisory bodies to the European Union">Advisory bodies</a></b></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/European_Committee_of_the_Regions" title="European Committee of the Regions">European Committee of the Regions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/European_Economic_and_Social_Committee" title="European Economic and Social Committee">European Economic and Social Committee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Political_and_Security_Committee" title="Political and Security Committee">Political and Security Committee</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/European_Union_Military_Committee" title="European Union Military Committee">European Union Military Committee</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/European_Union_Space_Programme#EU/ESA_Space_Council" title="European Union Space Programme">EU/ESA Space Council</a></li></ul> <hr /> <div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"><b>Inter-institutional bodies</b></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Publications_Office_of_the_European_Union" title="Publications Office of the European Union">Publications Office of the European Union</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">European External Action Service</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/European_Personnel_Selection_Office" title="European Personnel Selection Office">European Personnel Selection Office</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/European_Anti-Fraud_Office" title="European Anti-Fraud Office">Anti-Fraud Office</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/European_Administrative_School" class="mw-redirect" title="European Administrative School">European Administrative School</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="text-align:left; background:lavender;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/European_Atomic_Energy_Community" class="mw-redirect" title="European Atomic Energy Community">Euratom</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="padding-top: 0; text-align: left;"><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"><b>Euratom members</b></div> <div><ul><li><span class="flagicon" style="display:inline-block;width:25px;"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_Austria.svg/23px-Flag_of_Austria.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_Austria.svg/35px-Flag_of_Austria.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_Austria.svg/45px-Flag_of_Austria.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Austria" title="Austria">Austria</a></li><li><span class="flagicon" style="display:inline-block;width:25px;"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg/45px-Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Belgium" title="Belgium">Belgium</a></li><li><span class="flagicon" style="display:inline-block;width:25px;"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg/23px-Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg/35px-Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg/46px-Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Bulgaria" title="Bulgaria">Bulgaria</a></li><li><span class="flagicon" style="display:inline-block;width:25px;"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Flag_of_Croatia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Croatia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Flag_of_Croatia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Croatia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Flag_of_Croatia.svg/46px-Flag_of_Croatia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Croatia" title="Croatia">Croatia</a></li><li><span class="flagicon" style="display:inline-block;width:25px;"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Flag_of_Cyprus.svg/23px-Flag_of_Cyprus.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Flag_of_Cyprus.svg/35px-Flag_of_Cyprus.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Flag_of_Cyprus.svg/45px-Flag_of_Cyprus.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Cyprus" title="Cyprus">Cyprus</a></li><li><span class="flagicon" style="display:inline-block;width:25px;"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Czech_Republic" title="Czech Republic">Czech Republic</a></li><li><span class="flagicon" style="display:inline-block;width:25px;"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_Denmark.svg/20px-Flag_of_Denmark.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_Denmark.svg/31px-Flag_of_Denmark.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_Denmark.svg/40px-Flag_of_Denmark.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="387" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Denmark" title="Denmark">Denmark</a></li><li><span class="flagicon" style="display:inline-block;width:25px;"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Flag_of_Estonia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Estonia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Flag_of_Estonia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Estonia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Flag_of_Estonia.svg/46px-Flag_of_Estonia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="990" data-file-height="630" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Estonia" title="Estonia">Estonia</a></li><li><span class="flagicon" style="display:inline-block;width:25px;"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_Finland.svg/23px-Flag_of_Finland.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_Finland.svg/35px-Flag_of_Finland.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_Finland.svg/46px-Flag_of_Finland.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1800" data-file-height="1100" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Finland" title="Finland">Finland</a></li><li><span class="flagicon" style="display:inline-block;width:25px;"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/23px-Flag_of_France.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/35px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/45px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/France" title="France">France</a></li><li><span class="flagicon" style="display:inline-block;width:25px;"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/23px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/35px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/46px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Germany" title="Germany">Germany</a></li><li><span class="flagicon" style="display:inline-block;width:25px;"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Greece.svg/23px-Flag_of_Greece.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Greece.svg/35px-Flag_of_Greece.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Greece.svg/45px-Flag_of_Greece.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="400" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Greece" title="Greece">Greece</a></li><li><span class="flagicon" style="display:inline-block;width:25px;"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Flag_of_Hungary.svg/23px-Flag_of_Hungary.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Flag_of_Hungary.svg/35px-Flag_of_Hungary.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Flag_of_Hungary.svg/46px-Flag_of_Hungary.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Hungary" title="Hungary">Hungary</a></li><li><span class="flagicon" style="display:inline-block;width:25px;"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Flag_of_Ireland.svg/23px-Flag_of_Ireland.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Flag_of_Ireland.svg/35px-Flag_of_Ireland.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Flag_of_Ireland.svg/46px-Flag_of_Ireland.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Ireland" title="Republic of Ireland">Ireland</a></li><li><span class="flagicon" style="display:inline-block;width:25px;"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/23px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/35px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/45px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="1000" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Italy" title="Italy">Italy</a></li><li><span class="flagicon" style="display:inline-block;width:25px;"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Flag_of_Latvia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Latvia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Flag_of_Latvia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Latvia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Flag_of_Latvia.svg/46px-Flag_of_Latvia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Latvia" title="Latvia">Latvia</a></li><li><span class="flagicon" style="display:inline-block;width:25px;"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Flag_of_Lithuania.svg/23px-Flag_of_Lithuania.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Flag_of_Lithuania.svg/35px-Flag_of_Lithuania.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Flag_of_Lithuania.svg/46px-Flag_of_Lithuania.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Lithuania" title="Lithuania">Lithuania</a></li><li><span class="flagicon" style="display:inline-block;width:25px;"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Flag_of_Luxembourg.svg/23px-Flag_of_Luxembourg.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Flag_of_Luxembourg.svg/35px-Flag_of_Luxembourg.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Flag_of_Luxembourg.svg/46px-Flag_of_Luxembourg.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="307" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Luxembourg" title="Luxembourg">Luxembourg</a></li><li><span class="flagicon" style="display:inline-block;width:25px;"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Malta.svg/23px-Flag_of_Malta.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Malta.svg/35px-Flag_of_Malta.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Malta.svg/45px-Flag_of_Malta.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Malta" title="Malta">Malta</a></li><li><span class="flagicon" style="display:inline-block;width:25px;"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Netherlands" title="Netherlands">Netherlands</a></li><li><span class="flagicon" style="display:inline-block;width:25px;"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/12/Flag_of_Poland.svg/23px-Flag_of_Poland.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/12/Flag_of_Poland.svg/35px-Flag_of_Poland.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/12/Flag_of_Poland.svg/46px-Flag_of_Poland.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="800" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Poland" title="Poland">Poland</a></li><li><span class="flagicon" style="display:inline-block;width:25px;"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Portugal.svg/23px-Flag_of_Portugal.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Portugal.svg/35px-Flag_of_Portugal.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Portugal.svg/45px-Flag_of_Portugal.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="400" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Portugal" title="Portugal">Portugal</a></li><li><span class="flagicon" style="display:inline-block;width:25px;"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Romania.svg/23px-Flag_of_Romania.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Romania.svg/35px-Flag_of_Romania.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Romania.svg/45px-Flag_of_Romania.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="400" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Romania" title="Romania">Romania</a></li><li><span class="flagicon" style="display:inline-block;width:25px;"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Flag_of_Slovakia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Slovakia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Flag_of_Slovakia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Slovakia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Flag_of_Slovakia.svg/45px-Flag_of_Slovakia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Slovakia" title="Slovakia">Slovakia</a></li><li><span class="flagicon" style="display:inline-block;width:25px;"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Flag_of_Slovenia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Slovenia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Flag_of_Slovenia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Slovenia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Flag_of_Slovenia.svg/46px-Flag_of_Slovenia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Slovenia" title="Slovenia">Slovenia</a></li><li><span class="flagicon" style="display:inline-block;width:25px;"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Spain.svg/23px-Flag_of_Spain.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Spain.svg/35px-Flag_of_Spain.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Spain.svg/45px-Flag_of_Spain.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="750" data-file-height="500" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Spain" title="Spain">Spain</a></li><li><span class="flagicon" style="display:inline-block;width:25px;"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Sweden.svg/23px-Flag_of_Sweden.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Sweden.svg/35px-Flag_of_Sweden.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Sweden.svg/46px-Flag_of_Sweden.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1000" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Sweden" title="Sweden">Sweden</a></li></ul></div> <hr /> <div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"><b>Associated states</b></div> <ul><li><span class="flagicon" style="display:inline-block;width:25px;"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/Flag_of_Switzerland_%28Pantone%29.svg/16px-Flag_of_Switzerland_%28Pantone%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/Flag_of_Switzerland_%28Pantone%29.svg/24px-Flag_of_Switzerland_%28Pantone%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/Flag_of_Switzerland_%28Pantone%29.svg/32px-Flag_of_Switzerland_%28Pantone%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Switzerland" title="Switzerland">Switzerland</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon" style="display:inline-block;width:25px;"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a></li></ul> <hr /> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Nuclear_power_in_the_European_Union" title="Nuclear power in the European Union">Nuclear power in the European Union</a></li></ul> <figure class="mw-halign-center mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Euratom.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Euratom since 1 January 2021"><img alt="Euratom since 1 January 2021" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/Euratom.svg/200px-Euratom.svg.png" decoding="async" width="200" height="200" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/Euratom.svg/300px-Euratom.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/Euratom.svg/400px-Euratom.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1300" data-file-height="1300" /></a><figcaption>Euratom since 1 January 2021</figcaption></figure></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="text-align:left; background:lavender;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Economic_and_Monetary_Union_of_the_European_Union" title="Economic and Monetary Union of the European Union">Economic and Monetary Union</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="padding-top: 0; text-align: left;"><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"><b><a href="/wiki/Eurozone" title="Eurozone">Eurozone members</a></b></div> <ul><li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Austria" title="Austria"><img alt="Austria" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_Austria.svg/23px-Flag_of_Austria.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_Austria.svg/35px-Flag_of_Austria.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_Austria.svg/45px-Flag_of_Austria.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Austria" title="Austria">Austria</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Belgium" title="Belgium"><img alt="Belgium" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg/45px-Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Belgium" title="Belgium">Belgium</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Croatia" title="Croatia"><img alt="Croatia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Flag_of_Croatia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Croatia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Flag_of_Croatia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Croatia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Flag_of_Croatia.svg/46px-Flag_of_Croatia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Croatia" title="Croatia">Croatia</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Cyprus" title="Cyprus"><img alt="Cyprus" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Flag_of_Cyprus.svg/23px-Flag_of_Cyprus.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Flag_of_Cyprus.svg/35px-Flag_of_Cyprus.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Flag_of_Cyprus.svg/45px-Flag_of_Cyprus.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Cyprus" title="Cyprus">Cyprus</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Estonia" title="Estonia"><img alt="Estonia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Flag_of_Estonia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Estonia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Flag_of_Estonia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Estonia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Flag_of_Estonia.svg/46px-Flag_of_Estonia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="990" data-file-height="630" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Estonia" title="Estonia">Estonia</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Finland" title="Finland"><img alt="Finland" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_Finland.svg/23px-Flag_of_Finland.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_Finland.svg/35px-Flag_of_Finland.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_Finland.svg/46px-Flag_of_Finland.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1800" data-file-height="1100" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Finland" title="Finland">Finland</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/France" title="France"><img alt="France" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/23px-Flag_of_France.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/35px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/45px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/France" title="France">France</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Germany" title="Germany"><img alt="Germany" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/23px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/35px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/46px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Germany" title="Germany">Germany</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Greece" title="Greece"><img alt="Greece" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Greece.svg/23px-Flag_of_Greece.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Greece.svg/35px-Flag_of_Greece.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Greece.svg/45px-Flag_of_Greece.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="400" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Greece" title="Greece">Greece</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Ireland" title="Republic of Ireland"><img alt="Republic of Ireland" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Flag_of_Ireland.svg/23px-Flag_of_Ireland.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Flag_of_Ireland.svg/35px-Flag_of_Ireland.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Flag_of_Ireland.svg/46px-Flag_of_Ireland.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Ireland" title="Republic of Ireland">Ireland</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Italy" title="Italy"><img alt="Italy" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/23px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/35px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/45px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="1000" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Italy" title="Italy">Italy</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Latvia" title="Latvia"><img alt="Latvia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Flag_of_Latvia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Latvia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Flag_of_Latvia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Latvia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Flag_of_Latvia.svg/46px-Flag_of_Latvia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Latvia" title="Latvia">Latvia</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Lithuania" title="Lithuania"><img alt="Lithuania" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Flag_of_Lithuania.svg/23px-Flag_of_Lithuania.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Flag_of_Lithuania.svg/35px-Flag_of_Lithuania.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Flag_of_Lithuania.svg/46px-Flag_of_Lithuania.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Lithuania" title="Lithuania">Lithuania</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Luxembourg" title="Luxembourg"><img alt="Luxembourg" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Flag_of_Luxembourg.svg/23px-Flag_of_Luxembourg.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Flag_of_Luxembourg.svg/35px-Flag_of_Luxembourg.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Flag_of_Luxembourg.svg/46px-Flag_of_Luxembourg.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="307" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Luxembourg" title="Luxembourg">Luxembourg</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Malta" title="Malta"><img alt="Malta" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Malta.svg/23px-Flag_of_Malta.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Malta.svg/35px-Flag_of_Malta.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Malta.svg/45px-Flag_of_Malta.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Malta" title="Malta">Malta</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Netherlands" title="Netherlands"><img alt="Netherlands" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Netherlands" title="Netherlands">Netherlands</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Portugal" title="Portugal"><img alt="Portugal" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Portugal.svg/23px-Flag_of_Portugal.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Portugal.svg/35px-Flag_of_Portugal.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Portugal.svg/45px-Flag_of_Portugal.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="400" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Portugal" title="Portugal">Portugal</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Slovakia" title="Slovakia"><img alt="Slovakia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Flag_of_Slovakia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Slovakia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Flag_of_Slovakia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Slovakia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Flag_of_Slovakia.svg/45px-Flag_of_Slovakia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Slovakia" title="Slovakia">Slovakia</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Slovenia" title="Slovenia"><img alt="Slovenia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Flag_of_Slovenia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Slovenia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Flag_of_Slovenia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Slovenia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Flag_of_Slovenia.svg/46px-Flag_of_Slovenia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Slovenia" title="Slovenia">Slovenia</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Spain" title="Spain"><img alt="Spain" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Spain.svg/23px-Flag_of_Spain.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Spain.svg/35px-Flag_of_Spain.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Spain.svg/45px-Flag_of_Spain.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="750" data-file-height="500" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Spain" title="Spain">Spain</a></li></ul> <p><br /> </p> <hr /> <div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"><b><a href="/wiki/Eurogroup" title="Eurogroup">Eurogroup</a></b></div> <ul><li><b>President</b> <ul><li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Ireland" title="Republic of Ireland"><img alt="Republic of Ireland" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Flag_of_Ireland.svg/23px-Flag_of_Ireland.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Flag_of_Ireland.svg/35px-Flag_of_Ireland.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Flag_of_Ireland.svg/46px-Flag_of_Ireland.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Paschal_Donohoe" title="Paschal Donohoe">Paschal Donohoe</a></li></ul></li></ul> <p><br /> </p> <hr /> <div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"><b><a href="/wiki/Currencies_of_the_European_Union" title="Currencies of the European Union">Other currencies in use</a></b></div> <ul><li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Bulgaria" title="Bulgaria"><img alt="Bulgaria" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg/23px-Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg/35px-Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg/46px-Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Bulgarian_lev" title="Bulgarian lev">Bulgarian lev</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Czech_Republic" title="Czech Republic"><img alt="Czech Republic" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Czech_koruna" title="Czech koruna">Czech koruna</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Denmark" title="Denmark"><img alt="Denmark" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_Denmark.svg/20px-Flag_of_Denmark.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_Denmark.svg/31px-Flag_of_Denmark.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_Denmark.svg/40px-Flag_of_Denmark.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="387" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Danish_krone" title="Danish krone">Danish krone</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Hungary" title="Hungary"><img alt="Hungary" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Flag_of_Hungary.svg/23px-Flag_of_Hungary.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Flag_of_Hungary.svg/35px-Flag_of_Hungary.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Flag_of_Hungary.svg/46px-Flag_of_Hungary.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Hungarian_forint" title="Hungarian forint">Hungarian forint</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Poland" title="Poland"><img alt="Poland" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/12/Flag_of_Poland.svg/23px-Flag_of_Poland.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/12/Flag_of_Poland.svg/35px-Flag_of_Poland.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/12/Flag_of_Poland.svg/46px-Flag_of_Poland.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="800" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Polish_z%C5%82oty" title="Polish złoty">Polish złoty</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Romania" title="Romania"><img alt="Romania" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Romania.svg/23px-Flag_of_Romania.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Romania.svg/35px-Flag_of_Romania.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Romania.svg/45px-Flag_of_Romania.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="400" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Romanian_leu" title="Romanian leu">Romanian leu</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Sweden" title="Sweden"><img alt="Sweden" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Sweden.svg/23px-Flag_of_Sweden.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Sweden.svg/35px-Flag_of_Sweden.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Sweden.svg/46px-Flag_of_Sweden.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1000" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Swedish_krona" title="Swedish krona">Swedish krona</a></li></ul> <hr /> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/European_Exchange_Rate_Mechanism" title="European Exchange Rate Mechanism">ERM II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Enlargement_of_the_eurozone" title="Enlargement of the eurozone">Enlargement of the eurozone</a></li></ul> <hr /> <div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"><b>Non Euro countries relationship to Euro</b></div> <div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"> <div class="hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bulgaria_and_the_euro" title="Bulgaria and the euro">Bulgaria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Czech_Republic_and_the_euro" title="Czech Republic and the euro">Czechia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Denmark_and_the_euro" title="Denmark and the euro">Denmark</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hungary_and_the_euro" title="Hungary and the euro">Hungary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Poland_and_the_euro" title="Poland and the euro">Poland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sweden_and_the_euro" title="Sweden and the euro">Sweden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romania_and_the_euro" title="Romania and the euro">Romania</a></li></ul> </div> </div> <figure class="mw-halign-center mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Eurozone.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Eurozone since 2015"><img alt="Eurozone since 2015" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/Eurozone.svg/200px-Eurozone.svg.png" decoding="async" width="200" height="203" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/Eurozone.svg/300px-Eurozone.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/Eurozone.svg/400px-Eurozone.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="450" data-file-height="456" /></a><figcaption>Eurozone since 2015</figcaption></figure></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="text-align:left; background:lavender;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Schengen_Area" title="Schengen Area">Schengen Area</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="padding-top: 0; text-align: left;"> <ul><li><span class="flagicon" style="display:inline-block;width:25px;"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_Austria.svg/23px-Flag_of_Austria.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_Austria.svg/35px-Flag_of_Austria.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_Austria.svg/45px-Flag_of_Austria.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Austria" title="Austria">Austria</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon" style="display:inline-block;width:25px;"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg/45px-Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Belgium" title="Belgium">Belgium</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon" style="display:inline-block;width:25px;"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg/23px-Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg/35px-Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg/46px-Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Bulgaria" title="Bulgaria">Bulgaria</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon" style="display:inline-block;width:25px;"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Flag_of_Croatia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Croatia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Flag_of_Croatia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Croatia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Flag_of_Croatia.svg/46px-Flag_of_Croatia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Croatia" title="Croatia">Croatia</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon" style="display:inline-block;width:25px;"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Czech_Republic" title="Czech Republic">Czech Republic</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon" style="display:inline-block;width:25px;"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_Denmark.svg/20px-Flag_of_Denmark.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_Denmark.svg/31px-Flag_of_Denmark.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_Denmark.svg/40px-Flag_of_Denmark.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="387" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Denmark" title="Denmark">Denmark</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon" style="display:inline-block;width:25px;"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Flag_of_Estonia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Estonia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Flag_of_Estonia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Estonia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Flag_of_Estonia.svg/46px-Flag_of_Estonia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="990" data-file-height="630" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Estonia" title="Estonia">Estonia</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon" style="display:inline-block;width:25px;"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_Finland.svg/23px-Flag_of_Finland.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_Finland.svg/35px-Flag_of_Finland.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_Finland.svg/46px-Flag_of_Finland.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1800" data-file-height="1100" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Finland" title="Finland">Finland</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon" style="display:inline-block;width:25px;"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/23px-Flag_of_France.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/35px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/45px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/France" title="France">France</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon" style="display:inline-block;width:25px;"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/23px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/35px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/46px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Germany" title="Germany">Germany</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon" style="display:inline-block;width:25px;"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Greece.svg/23px-Flag_of_Greece.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Greece.svg/35px-Flag_of_Greece.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Greece.svg/45px-Flag_of_Greece.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="400" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Greece" title="Greece">Greece</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon" style="display:inline-block;width:25px;"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Flag_of_Hungary.svg/23px-Flag_of_Hungary.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Flag_of_Hungary.svg/35px-Flag_of_Hungary.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Flag_of_Hungary.svg/46px-Flag_of_Hungary.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Hungary" title="Hungary">Hungary</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon" style="display:inline-block;width:25px;"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/23px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/35px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/45px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="1000" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Italy" title="Italy">Italy</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon" style="display:inline-block;width:25px;"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Flag_of_Latvia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Latvia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Flag_of_Latvia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Latvia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Flag_of_Latvia.svg/46px-Flag_of_Latvia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Latvia" title="Latvia">Latvia</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon" style="display:inline-block;width:25px;"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Flag_of_Lithuania.svg/23px-Flag_of_Lithuania.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Flag_of_Lithuania.svg/35px-Flag_of_Lithuania.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Flag_of_Lithuania.svg/46px-Flag_of_Lithuania.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Lithuania" title="Lithuania">Lithuania</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon" style="display:inline-block;width:25px;"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Flag_of_Luxembourg.svg/23px-Flag_of_Luxembourg.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Flag_of_Luxembourg.svg/35px-Flag_of_Luxembourg.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Flag_of_Luxembourg.svg/46px-Flag_of_Luxembourg.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="307" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Luxembourg" title="Luxembourg">Luxembourg</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon" style="display:inline-block;width:25px;"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Malta.svg/23px-Flag_of_Malta.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Malta.svg/35px-Flag_of_Malta.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Malta.svg/45px-Flag_of_Malta.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Malta" title="Malta">Malta</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon" style="display:inline-block;width:25px;"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Netherlands" title="Netherlands">Netherlands</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon" style="display:inline-block;width:25px;"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/12/Flag_of_Poland.svg/23px-Flag_of_Poland.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/12/Flag_of_Poland.svg/35px-Flag_of_Poland.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/12/Flag_of_Poland.svg/46px-Flag_of_Poland.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="800" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Poland" title="Poland">Poland</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon" style="display:inline-block;width:25px;"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Portugal.svg/23px-Flag_of_Portugal.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Portugal.svg/35px-Flag_of_Portugal.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Portugal.svg/45px-Flag_of_Portugal.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="400" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Portugal" title="Portugal">Portugal</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon" style="display:inline-block;width:25px;"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Romania.svg/23px-Flag_of_Romania.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Romania.svg/35px-Flag_of_Romania.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Romania.svg/45px-Flag_of_Romania.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="400" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Romania" title="Romania">Romania</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon" style="display:inline-block;width:25px;"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Flag_of_Slovakia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Slovakia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Flag_of_Slovakia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Slovakia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Flag_of_Slovakia.svg/45px-Flag_of_Slovakia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Slovakia" title="Slovakia">Slovakia</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon" style="display:inline-block;width:25px;"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Flag_of_Slovenia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Slovenia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Flag_of_Slovenia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Slovenia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Flag_of_Slovenia.svg/46px-Flag_of_Slovenia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Slovenia" title="Slovenia">Slovenia</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon" style="display:inline-block;width:25px;"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Spain.svg/23px-Flag_of_Spain.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Spain.svg/35px-Flag_of_Spain.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Spain.svg/45px-Flag_of_Spain.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="750" data-file-height="500" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Spain" title="Spain">Spain</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon" style="display:inline-block;width:25px;"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Sweden.svg/23px-Flag_of_Sweden.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Sweden.svg/35px-Flag_of_Sweden.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Sweden.svg/46px-Flag_of_Sweden.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1000" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Sweden" title="Sweden">Sweden</a></li></ul> <hr /> <div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"><b>Non-EU members</b></div> <ul><li><span class="flagicon" style="display:inline-block;width:25px;"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Flag_of_Iceland.svg/21px-Flag_of_Iceland.svg.png" decoding="async" width="21" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Flag_of_Iceland.svg/32px-Flag_of_Iceland.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Flag_of_Iceland.svg/42px-Flag_of_Iceland.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1250" data-file-height="900" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Iceland" title="Iceland">Iceland</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon" style="display:inline-block;width:25px;"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/Flag_of_Liechtenstein.svg/23px-Flag_of_Liechtenstein.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/Flag_of_Liechtenstein.svg/35px-Flag_of_Liechtenstein.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/Flag_of_Liechtenstein.svg/46px-Flag_of_Liechtenstein.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Liechtenstein" title="Liechtenstein">Liechtenstein</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon" style="display:inline-block;width:25px;"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Norway.svg/21px-Flag_of_Norway.svg.png" decoding="async" width="21" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Norway.svg/32px-Flag_of_Norway.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Norway.svg/41px-Flag_of_Norway.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="372" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Norway" title="Norway">Norway</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon" style="display:inline-block;width:25px;"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/Flag_of_Switzerland_%28Pantone%29.svg/16px-Flag_of_Switzerland_%28Pantone%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/Flag_of_Switzerland_%28Pantone%29.svg/24px-Flag_of_Switzerland_%28Pantone%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/Flag_of_Switzerland_%28Pantone%29.svg/32px-Flag_of_Switzerland_%28Pantone%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Switzerland" title="Switzerland">Switzerland</a></li></ul> <hr /> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pr%C3%BCm_Convention" title="Prüm Convention">Prüm Convention</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Schengen_Information_System" title="Schengen Information System">Schengen Information System</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Visa_Information_System" title="Visa Information System">Visa Information System</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Visa_policy_of_the_Schengen_Area" title="Visa policy of the Schengen Area">Visa policy of the Schengen Area</a></li></ul> <hr /> <div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"><b>Non-Schengen area EU member states</b></div> <ul><li><span class="flagicon" style="display:inline-block;width:25px;"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Flag_of_Cyprus.svg/23px-Flag_of_Cyprus.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Flag_of_Cyprus.svg/35px-Flag_of_Cyprus.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Flag_of_Cyprus.svg/45px-Flag_of_Cyprus.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Cyprus" title="Cyprus">Cyprus</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon" style="display:inline-block;width:25px;"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Flag_of_Ireland.svg/23px-Flag_of_Ireland.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Flag_of_Ireland.svg/35px-Flag_of_Ireland.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Flag_of_Ireland.svg/46px-Flag_of_Ireland.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Ireland" title="Republic of Ireland">Ireland</a> (Opt-out)</li></ul> <figure class="mw-halign-center mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Map_of_the_Schengen_Area.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Schengen Area from January 2023"><img alt="Schengen Area from January 2023" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/57/Map_of_the_Schengen_Area.svg/200px-Map_of_the_Schengen_Area.svg.png" decoding="async" width="200" height="200" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/57/Map_of_the_Schengen_Area.svg/300px-Map_of_the_Schengen_Area.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/57/Map_of_the_Schengen_Area.svg/400px-Map_of_the_Schengen_Area.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1300" data-file-height="1300" /></a><figcaption>Schengen Area from January 2023</figcaption></figure></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="text-align:left; background:lavender;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/European_Economic_Area" title="European Economic Area">European Economic Area</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="padding-top: 0; text-align: left;"><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"><b>EEA members</b></div> <ul><li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Austria" title="Austria"><img alt="Austria" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_Austria.svg/23px-Flag_of_Austria.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_Austria.svg/35px-Flag_of_Austria.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_Austria.svg/45px-Flag_of_Austria.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Austria" title="Austria">Austria</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Belgium" title="Belgium"><img alt="Belgium" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg/45px-Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Belgium" title="Belgium">Belgium</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Bulgaria" title="Bulgaria"><img alt="Bulgaria" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg/23px-Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg/35px-Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg/46px-Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Bulgaria" title="Bulgaria">Bulgaria</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Croatia" title="Croatia"><img alt="Croatia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Flag_of_Croatia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Croatia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Flag_of_Croatia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Croatia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Flag_of_Croatia.svg/46px-Flag_of_Croatia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Croatia" title="Croatia">Croatia</a> (provisional member)</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Cyprus" title="Cyprus"><img alt="Cyprus" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Flag_of_Cyprus.svg/23px-Flag_of_Cyprus.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Flag_of_Cyprus.svg/35px-Flag_of_Cyprus.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Flag_of_Cyprus.svg/45px-Flag_of_Cyprus.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Cyprus" title="Cyprus">Cyprus</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Czech_Republic" title="Czech Republic"><img alt="Czech Republic" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Czech_Republic" title="Czech Republic">Czech Republic</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Denmark" title="Denmark"><img alt="Denmark" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_Denmark.svg/20px-Flag_of_Denmark.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_Denmark.svg/31px-Flag_of_Denmark.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_Denmark.svg/40px-Flag_of_Denmark.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="387" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Denmark" title="Denmark">Denmark</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Estonia" title="Estonia"><img alt="Estonia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Flag_of_Estonia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Estonia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Flag_of_Estonia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Estonia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Flag_of_Estonia.svg/46px-Flag_of_Estonia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="990" data-file-height="630" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Estonia" title="Estonia">Estonia</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Finland" title="Finland"><img alt="Finland" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_Finland.svg/23px-Flag_of_Finland.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_Finland.svg/35px-Flag_of_Finland.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_Finland.svg/46px-Flag_of_Finland.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1800" data-file-height="1100" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Finland" title="Finland">Finland</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/France" title="France"><img alt="France" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/23px-Flag_of_France.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/35px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/45px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/France" title="France">France</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Germany" title="Germany"><img alt="Germany" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/23px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/35px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/46px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Germany" title="Germany">Germany</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Greece" title="Greece"><img alt="Greece" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Greece.svg/23px-Flag_of_Greece.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Greece.svg/35px-Flag_of_Greece.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Greece.svg/45px-Flag_of_Greece.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="400" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Greece" title="Greece">Greece</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Hungary" title="Hungary"><img alt="Hungary" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Flag_of_Hungary.svg/23px-Flag_of_Hungary.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Flag_of_Hungary.svg/35px-Flag_of_Hungary.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Flag_of_Hungary.svg/46px-Flag_of_Hungary.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Hungary" title="Hungary">Hungary</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Ireland" title="Republic of Ireland"><img alt="Republic of Ireland" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Flag_of_Ireland.svg/23px-Flag_of_Ireland.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Flag_of_Ireland.svg/35px-Flag_of_Ireland.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Flag_of_Ireland.svg/46px-Flag_of_Ireland.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Ireland" title="Republic of Ireland">Ireland</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Italy" title="Italy"><img alt="Italy" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/23px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/35px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/45px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="1000" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Italy" title="Italy">Italy</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Latvia" title="Latvia"><img alt="Latvia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Flag_of_Latvia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Latvia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Flag_of_Latvia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Latvia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Flag_of_Latvia.svg/46px-Flag_of_Latvia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Latvia" title="Latvia">Latvia</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Lithuania" title="Lithuania"><img alt="Lithuania" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Flag_of_Lithuania.svg/23px-Flag_of_Lithuania.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Flag_of_Lithuania.svg/35px-Flag_of_Lithuania.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Flag_of_Lithuania.svg/46px-Flag_of_Lithuania.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Lithuania" title="Lithuania">Lithuania</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Luxembourg" title="Luxembourg"><img alt="Luxembourg" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Flag_of_Luxembourg.svg/23px-Flag_of_Luxembourg.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Flag_of_Luxembourg.svg/35px-Flag_of_Luxembourg.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Flag_of_Luxembourg.svg/46px-Flag_of_Luxembourg.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="307" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Luxembourg" title="Luxembourg">Luxembourg</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Malta" title="Malta"><img alt="Malta" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Malta.svg/23px-Flag_of_Malta.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Malta.svg/35px-Flag_of_Malta.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Malta.svg/45px-Flag_of_Malta.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Malta" title="Malta">Malta</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Netherlands" title="Netherlands"><img alt="Netherlands" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Netherlands" title="Netherlands">Netherlands</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Poland" title="Poland"><img alt="Poland" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/12/Flag_of_Poland.svg/23px-Flag_of_Poland.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/12/Flag_of_Poland.svg/35px-Flag_of_Poland.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/12/Flag_of_Poland.svg/46px-Flag_of_Poland.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="800" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Poland" title="Poland">Poland</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Portugal" title="Portugal"><img alt="Portugal" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Portugal.svg/23px-Flag_of_Portugal.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Portugal.svg/35px-Flag_of_Portugal.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Portugal.svg/45px-Flag_of_Portugal.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="400" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Portugal" title="Portugal">Portugal</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Romania" title="Romania"><img alt="Romania" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Romania.svg/23px-Flag_of_Romania.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Romania.svg/35px-Flag_of_Romania.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Romania.svg/45px-Flag_of_Romania.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="400" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Romania" title="Romania">Romania</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Slovakia" title="Slovakia"><img alt="Slovakia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Flag_of_Slovakia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Slovakia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Flag_of_Slovakia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Slovakia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Flag_of_Slovakia.svg/45px-Flag_of_Slovakia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Slovakia" title="Slovakia">Slovakia</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Slovenia" title="Slovenia"><img alt="Slovenia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Flag_of_Slovenia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Slovenia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Flag_of_Slovenia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Slovenia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Flag_of_Slovenia.svg/46px-Flag_of_Slovenia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Slovenia" title="Slovenia">Slovenia</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Spain" title="Spain"><img alt="Spain" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Spain.svg/23px-Flag_of_Spain.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Spain.svg/35px-Flag_of_Spain.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Spain.svg/45px-Flag_of_Spain.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="750" data-file-height="500" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Spain" title="Spain">Spain</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Sweden" title="Sweden"><img alt="Sweden" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Sweden.svg/23px-Flag_of_Sweden.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Sweden.svg/35px-Flag_of_Sweden.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Sweden.svg/46px-Flag_of_Sweden.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1000" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Sweden" title="Sweden">Sweden</a></li></ul> <hr /> <div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"><b>Non-EU members</b></div> <ul><li><span class="flagicon" style="display:inline-block;width:25px;"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Flag_of_Iceland.svg/21px-Flag_of_Iceland.svg.png" decoding="async" width="21" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Flag_of_Iceland.svg/32px-Flag_of_Iceland.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Flag_of_Iceland.svg/42px-Flag_of_Iceland.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1250" data-file-height="900" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Iceland" title="Iceland">Iceland</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon" style="display:inline-block;width:25px;"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/Flag_of_Liechtenstein.svg/23px-Flag_of_Liechtenstein.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/Flag_of_Liechtenstein.svg/35px-Flag_of_Liechtenstein.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/Flag_of_Liechtenstein.svg/46px-Flag_of_Liechtenstein.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Liechtenstein" title="Liechtenstein">Liechtenstein</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon" style="display:inline-block;width:25px;"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Norway.svg/21px-Flag_of_Norway.svg.png" decoding="async" width="21" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Norway.svg/32px-Flag_of_Norway.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Norway.svg/41px-Flag_of_Norway.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="372" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Norway" title="Norway">Norway</a></li></ul> <hr /> <div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"><b>Topics</b></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/EEA_Joint_Committee" title="EEA Joint Committee">EEA Joint Committee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_identity_cards_in_the_European_Economic_Area" class="mw-redirect" title="National identity cards in the European Economic Area">EEA National Identity cards</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Microstates_and_the_European_Union" title="Microstates and the European Union">Microstates and the European Union</a></li></ul> <figure class="mw-halign-center mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:EEA.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="European Economic Area"><img alt="European Economic Area" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/EEA.svg/200px-EEA.svg.png" decoding="async" width="200" height="153" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/EEA.svg/300px-EEA.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/EEA.svg/400px-EEA.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="680" data-file-height="520" /></a><figcaption>European Economic Area</figcaption></figure></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="text-align:left; background:lavender;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Elections_to_the_European_Parliament" title="Elections to the European Parliament">Elections</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="padding-top: 0; text-align: left;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Elections_to_the_European_Parliament" title="Elections to the European Parliament">Elections to the European Parliament</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/European_political_party" title="European political party">European parties</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/European_political_foundation" title="European political foundation">European foundations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Political_groups_of_the_European_Parliament" title="Political groups of the European Parliament">Political groups of the European Parliament</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spitzenkandidat" title="Spitzenkandidat">Spitzenkandidat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/European_Parliament_constituency" title="European Parliament constituency">Constituencies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apportionment_in_the_European_Parliament" title="Apportionment in the European Parliament">Apportionment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Referendums_related_to_the_European_Union" title="Referendums related to the European Union">Referendums related to the EU</a></li></ul> <hr /> <div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"><b>European elections</b></div> <div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"> <div class="hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1979_European_Parliament_election" title="1979 European Parliament election">1979</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1984_European_Parliament_election" title="1984 European Parliament election">1984</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1989_European_Parliament_election" title="1989 European Parliament election">1989</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1994_European_Parliament_election" title="1994 European Parliament election">1994</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1999_European_Parliament_election" title="1999 European Parliament election">1999</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2004_European_Parliament_election" title="2004 European Parliament election">2004</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2009_European_Parliament_election" title="2009 European Parliament election">2009</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2014_European_Parliament_election" title="2014 European Parliament election">2014</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2019_European_Parliament_election" title="2019 European Parliament election">2019</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2024_European_Parliament_election" title="2024 European Parliament election">2024 (latest election)</a></li></ul> </div> </div> <hr /> <div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"><b>Elections in EU member states</b></div> <ul><li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Austria" title="Austria"><img alt="Austria" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_Austria.svg/23px-Flag_of_Austria.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_Austria.svg/35px-Flag_of_Austria.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_Austria.svg/45px-Flag_of_Austria.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Elections_in_Austria" title="Elections in Austria">Austria</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Belgium" title="Belgium"><img alt="Belgium" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg/45px-Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Elections_in_Belgium" title="Elections in Belgium">Belgium</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Bulgaria" title="Bulgaria"><img alt="Bulgaria" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg/23px-Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg/35px-Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg/46px-Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Elections_in_Bulgaria" title="Elections in Bulgaria">Bulgaria</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Croatia" title="Croatia"><img alt="Croatia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Flag_of_Croatia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Croatia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Flag_of_Croatia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Croatia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Flag_of_Croatia.svg/46px-Flag_of_Croatia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Elections_in_Croatia" title="Elections in Croatia">Croatia</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Cyprus" title="Cyprus"><img alt="Cyprus" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Flag_of_Cyprus.svg/23px-Flag_of_Cyprus.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Flag_of_Cyprus.svg/35px-Flag_of_Cyprus.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Flag_of_Cyprus.svg/45px-Flag_of_Cyprus.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Elections_in_Cyprus" title="Elections in Cyprus">Cyprus</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Czech_Republic" title="Czech Republic"><img alt="Czech Republic" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Elections_in_the_Czech_Republic" title="Elections in the Czech Republic">Czech Republic</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Denmark" title="Denmark"><img alt="Denmark" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_Denmark.svg/20px-Flag_of_Denmark.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_Denmark.svg/31px-Flag_of_Denmark.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_Denmark.svg/40px-Flag_of_Denmark.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="387" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Elections_in_Denmark" title="Elections in Denmark">Denmark</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Estonia" title="Estonia"><img alt="Estonia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Flag_of_Estonia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Estonia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Flag_of_Estonia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Estonia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Flag_of_Estonia.svg/46px-Flag_of_Estonia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="990" data-file-height="630" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Elections_in_Estonia" title="Elections in Estonia">Estonia</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Finland" title="Finland"><img alt="Finland" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_Finland.svg/23px-Flag_of_Finland.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_Finland.svg/35px-Flag_of_Finland.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_Finland.svg/46px-Flag_of_Finland.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1800" data-file-height="1100" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Elections_in_Finland" title="Elections in Finland">Finland</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/France" title="France"><img alt="France" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/23px-Flag_of_France.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/35px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/45px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Elections_in_France" title="Elections in France">France</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Germany" title="Germany"><img alt="Germany" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/23px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/35px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/46px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Elections_in_Germany" title="Elections in Germany">Germany</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Greece" title="Greece"><img alt="Greece" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Greece.svg/23px-Flag_of_Greece.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Greece.svg/35px-Flag_of_Greece.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Greece.svg/45px-Flag_of_Greece.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="400" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Elections_in_Greece" title="Elections in Greece">Greece</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Hungary" title="Hungary"><img alt="Hungary" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Flag_of_Hungary.svg/23px-Flag_of_Hungary.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Flag_of_Hungary.svg/35px-Flag_of_Hungary.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Flag_of_Hungary.svg/46px-Flag_of_Hungary.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Elections_in_Hungary" title="Elections in Hungary">Hungary</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Ireland" title="Republic of Ireland"><img alt="Republic of Ireland" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Flag_of_Ireland.svg/23px-Flag_of_Ireland.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Flag_of_Ireland.svg/35px-Flag_of_Ireland.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Flag_of_Ireland.svg/46px-Flag_of_Ireland.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Elections_in_the_Republic_of_Ireland" title="Elections in the Republic of Ireland">Ireland</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Italy" title="Italy"><img alt="Italy" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/23px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/35px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/45px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="1000" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Elections_in_Italy" title="Elections in Italy">Italy</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Latvia" title="Latvia"><img alt="Latvia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Flag_of_Latvia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Latvia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Flag_of_Latvia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Latvia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Flag_of_Latvia.svg/46px-Flag_of_Latvia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Elections_in_Latvia" title="Elections in Latvia">Latvia</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Lithuania" title="Lithuania"><img alt="Lithuania" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Flag_of_Lithuania.svg/23px-Flag_of_Lithuania.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Flag_of_Lithuania.svg/35px-Flag_of_Lithuania.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Flag_of_Lithuania.svg/46px-Flag_of_Lithuania.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Elections_in_Lithuania" title="Elections in Lithuania">Lithuania</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Luxembourg" title="Luxembourg"><img alt="Luxembourg" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Flag_of_Luxembourg.svg/23px-Flag_of_Luxembourg.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Flag_of_Luxembourg.svg/35px-Flag_of_Luxembourg.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Flag_of_Luxembourg.svg/46px-Flag_of_Luxembourg.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="307" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Elections_in_Luxembourg" title="Elections in Luxembourg">Luxembourg</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Malta" title="Malta"><img alt="Malta" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Malta.svg/23px-Flag_of_Malta.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Malta.svg/35px-Flag_of_Malta.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Malta.svg/45px-Flag_of_Malta.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Elections_in_Malta" title="Elections in Malta">Malta</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Netherlands" title="Netherlands"><img alt="Netherlands" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Elections_in_the_Netherlands" title="Elections in the Netherlands">Netherlands</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Poland" title="Poland"><img alt="Poland" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/12/Flag_of_Poland.svg/23px-Flag_of_Poland.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/12/Flag_of_Poland.svg/35px-Flag_of_Poland.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/12/Flag_of_Poland.svg/46px-Flag_of_Poland.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="800" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Elections_in_Poland" title="Elections in Poland">Poland</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Portugal" title="Portugal"><img alt="Portugal" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Portugal.svg/23px-Flag_of_Portugal.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Portugal.svg/35px-Flag_of_Portugal.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Portugal.svg/45px-Flag_of_Portugal.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="400" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Elections_in_Portugal" title="Elections in Portugal">Portugal</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Romania" title="Romania"><img alt="Romania" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Romania.svg/23px-Flag_of_Romania.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Romania.svg/35px-Flag_of_Romania.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Romania.svg/45px-Flag_of_Romania.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="400" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Elections_in_Romania" title="Elections in Romania">Romania</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Slovakia" title="Slovakia"><img alt="Slovakia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Flag_of_Slovakia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Slovakia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Flag_of_Slovakia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Slovakia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Flag_of_Slovakia.svg/45px-Flag_of_Slovakia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Elections_in_Slovakia" title="Elections in Slovakia">Slovakia</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Slovenia" title="Slovenia"><img alt="Slovenia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Flag_of_Slovenia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Slovenia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Flag_of_Slovenia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Slovenia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Flag_of_Slovenia.svg/46px-Flag_of_Slovenia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Elections_in_Slovenia" title="Elections in Slovenia">Slovenia</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Spain" title="Spain"><img alt="Spain" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Spain.svg/23px-Flag_of_Spain.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Spain.svg/35px-Flag_of_Spain.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Spain.svg/45px-Flag_of_Spain.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="750" data-file-height="500" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Elections_in_Spain" title="Elections in Spain">Spain</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Sweden" title="Sweden"><img alt="Sweden" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Sweden.svg/23px-Flag_of_Sweden.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Sweden.svg/35px-Flag_of_Sweden.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Sweden.svg/46px-Flag_of_Sweden.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1000" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Elections_in_Sweden" title="Elections in Sweden">Sweden</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="text-align:left; background:lavender;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/European_Union_law" class="mw-redirect" title="European Union law">Law</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="padding-top: 0; text-align: left;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Acquis_communautaire" title="Acquis communautaire">Acquis</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Primacy_of_European_Union_law" title="Primacy of European Union law">Primacy</a> (<a href="/wiki/Costa_v_ENEL" title="Costa v ENEL">ECJ Case 6/64</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Subsidiarity_(European_Union)" title="Subsidiarity (European Union)">Subsidiarity</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Regulation_(European_Union)" title="Regulation (European Union)">Regulation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Directive_(European_Union)" title="Directive (European Union)">Directive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Decision_(European_Union)" title="Decision (European Union)">Decision</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Recommendation_(European_Union)" title="Recommendation (European Union)">Recommendation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charter_of_Fundamental_Rights_of_the_European_Union" title="Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union">Fundamental Rights</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="text-align:left; background:lavender;;color: var(--color-base)">Policies and issues</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="padding-top: 0; text-align: left;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Budget_of_the_European_Union" title="Budget of the European Union">Budget</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/European_Union_Customs_Union" title="European Union Customs Union">Customs Union</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/European_Union_free_trade_agreements" class="mw-redirect" title="European Union free trade agreements">Free Trade Agreements</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/European_Single_Market" class="mw-redirect" title="European Single Market">European Single Market</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Area_of_freedom,_security_and_justice" title="Area of freedom, security and justice">Area of FS&J</a></li></ul></li> <li>Policies <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Common_Agricultural_Policy" title="Common Agricultural Policy">Agricultural</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Energy_policy_of_the_European_Union" title="Energy policy of the European Union">Energy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Common_Fisheries_Policy" title="Common Fisheries Policy">Fisheries</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Regional_policy_of_the_European_Union" title="Regional policy of the European Union">Regional</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Citizenship_of_the_European_Union" class="mw-redirect" title="Citizenship of the European Union">Citizenship</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Passports_of_the_European_Union" title="Passports of the European Union">Passports of the European Union</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pan-European_identity" title="Pan-European identity">Identity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pro-Europeanism" title="Pro-Europeanism">Pro-Europeanism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Euroscepticism" title="Euroscepticism">Euroscepticism</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/European_banking_union" title="European banking union">European banking union</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/European_Banking_Supervision" title="European Banking Supervision">European Banking Supervision</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Single_Resolution_Mechanism" title="Single Resolution Mechanism">Single Resolution Mechanism</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Capital_Markets_Union" title="Capital Markets Union">Capital Markets Union</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/European_System_of_Financial_Supervision" title="European System of Financial Supervision">European System of Financial Supervision</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/European_integration" title="European integration">Integration</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Supranational_union" title="Supranational union">Supranationalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/European_Federation" class="mw-redirect" title="European Federation">European Federation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Multi-speed_Europe" title="Multi-speed Europe">Multi-speed Europe</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Enhanced_cooperation" title="Enhanced cooperation">Enhanced cooperation</a></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="text-align:left; background:lavender;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Foreign_relations_of_the_European_Union" title="Foreign relations of the European Union">Foreign relations</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="padding-top: 0; text-align: left;"><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"><b><a href="/wiki/High_Representative_of_the_Union_for_Foreign_Affairs_and_Security_Policy" title="High Representative of the Union for Foreign Affairs and Security Policy">High Representative</a></b></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Josep_Borrell" title="Josep Borrell">Josep Borrell</a></li></ul> <hr /> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Ext. Action Service</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Common_Foreign_and_Security_Policy" title="Common Foreign and Security Policy">Foreign Policy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Common_Security_and_Defence_Policy" title="Common Security and Defence Policy">Defence Policy</a></li></ul> <hr /> <div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"><b>Foreign relations of EU member states</b></div> <ul><li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Austria" title="Austria"><img alt="Austria" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_Austria.svg/23px-Flag_of_Austria.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_Austria.svg/35px-Flag_of_Austria.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_Austria.svg/45px-Flag_of_Austria.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Foreign_relations_of_Austria" title="Foreign relations of Austria">Austria</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Belgium" title="Belgium"><img alt="Belgium" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg/45px-Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Foreign_relations_of_Belgium" title="Foreign relations of Belgium">Belgium</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Bulgaria" title="Bulgaria"><img alt="Bulgaria" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg/23px-Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg/35px-Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg/46px-Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Foreign_relations_of_Bulgaria" title="Foreign relations of Bulgaria">Bulgaria</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Croatia" title="Croatia"><img alt="Croatia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Flag_of_Croatia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Croatia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Flag_of_Croatia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Croatia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Flag_of_Croatia.svg/46px-Flag_of_Croatia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Foreign_relations_of_Croatia" title="Foreign relations of Croatia">Croatia</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Cyprus" title="Cyprus"><img alt="Cyprus" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Flag_of_Cyprus.svg/23px-Flag_of_Cyprus.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Flag_of_Cyprus.svg/35px-Flag_of_Cyprus.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Flag_of_Cyprus.svg/45px-Flag_of_Cyprus.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Foreign_relations_of_Cyprus" title="Foreign relations of Cyprus">Cyprus</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Czech_Republic" title="Czech Republic"><img alt="Czech Republic" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Foreign_relations_of_the_Czech_Republic" title="Foreign relations of the Czech Republic">Czech Republic</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Denmark" title="Denmark"><img alt="Denmark" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_Denmark.svg/20px-Flag_of_Denmark.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_Denmark.svg/31px-Flag_of_Denmark.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_Denmark.svg/40px-Flag_of_Denmark.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="387" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Foreign_relations_of_Denmark" title="Foreign relations of Denmark">Denmark</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Estonia" title="Estonia"><img alt="Estonia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Flag_of_Estonia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Estonia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Flag_of_Estonia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Estonia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Flag_of_Estonia.svg/46px-Flag_of_Estonia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="990" data-file-height="630" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Foreign_relations_of_Estonia" title="Foreign relations of Estonia">Estonia</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Finland" title="Finland"><img alt="Finland" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_Finland.svg/23px-Flag_of_Finland.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_Finland.svg/35px-Flag_of_Finland.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_Finland.svg/46px-Flag_of_Finland.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1800" data-file-height="1100" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Foreign_relations_of_Finland" title="Foreign relations of Finland">Finland</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/France" title="France"><img alt="France" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/23px-Flag_of_France.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/35px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/45px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Foreign_relations_of_France" title="Foreign relations of France">France</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Germany" title="Germany"><img alt="Germany" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/23px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/35px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/46px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Foreign_relations_of_Germany" title="Foreign relations of Germany">Germany</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Greece" title="Greece"><img alt="Greece" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Greece.svg/23px-Flag_of_Greece.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Greece.svg/35px-Flag_of_Greece.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Greece.svg/45px-Flag_of_Greece.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="400" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Foreign_relations_of_Greece" title="Foreign relations of Greece">Greece</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Hungary" title="Hungary"><img alt="Hungary" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Flag_of_Hungary.svg/23px-Flag_of_Hungary.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Flag_of_Hungary.svg/35px-Flag_of_Hungary.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Flag_of_Hungary.svg/46px-Flag_of_Hungary.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Foreign_relations_of_Hungary" title="Foreign relations of Hungary">Hungary</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Ireland" title="Republic of Ireland"><img alt="Republic of Ireland" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Flag_of_Ireland.svg/23px-Flag_of_Ireland.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Flag_of_Ireland.svg/35px-Flag_of_Ireland.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Flag_of_Ireland.svg/46px-Flag_of_Ireland.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Foreign_relations_of_Ireland" title="Foreign relations of Ireland">Ireland</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Italy" title="Italy"><img alt="Italy" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/23px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/35px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/45px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="1000" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Foreign_relations_of_Italy" title="Foreign relations of Italy">Italy</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Latvia" title="Latvia"><img alt="Latvia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Flag_of_Latvia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Latvia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Flag_of_Latvia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Latvia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Flag_of_Latvia.svg/46px-Flag_of_Latvia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Foreign_relations_of_Latvia" title="Foreign relations of Latvia">Latvia</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Lithuania" title="Lithuania"><img alt="Lithuania" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Flag_of_Lithuania.svg/23px-Flag_of_Lithuania.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Flag_of_Lithuania.svg/35px-Flag_of_Lithuania.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Flag_of_Lithuania.svg/46px-Flag_of_Lithuania.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Foreign_relations_of_Lithuania" title="Foreign relations of Lithuania">Lithuania</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Luxembourg" title="Luxembourg"><img alt="Luxembourg" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Flag_of_Luxembourg.svg/23px-Flag_of_Luxembourg.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Flag_of_Luxembourg.svg/35px-Flag_of_Luxembourg.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Flag_of_Luxembourg.svg/46px-Flag_of_Luxembourg.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="307" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Foreign_relations_of_Luxembourg" title="Foreign relations of Luxembourg">Luxembourg</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Malta" title="Malta"><img alt="Malta" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Malta.svg/23px-Flag_of_Malta.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Malta.svg/35px-Flag_of_Malta.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Malta.svg/45px-Flag_of_Malta.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Foreign_relations_of_Malta" title="Foreign relations of Malta">Malta</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Netherlands" title="Netherlands"><img alt="Netherlands" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Foreign_relations_of_the_Netherlands" title="Foreign relations of the Netherlands">Netherlands</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Poland" title="Poland"><img alt="Poland" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/12/Flag_of_Poland.svg/23px-Flag_of_Poland.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/12/Flag_of_Poland.svg/35px-Flag_of_Poland.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/12/Flag_of_Poland.svg/46px-Flag_of_Poland.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="800" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Foreign_relations_of_Poland" title="Foreign relations of Poland">Poland</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Portugal" title="Portugal"><img alt="Portugal" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Portugal.svg/23px-Flag_of_Portugal.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Portugal.svg/35px-Flag_of_Portugal.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Portugal.svg/45px-Flag_of_Portugal.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="400" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Foreign_relations_of_Portugal" title="Foreign relations of Portugal">Portugal</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Romania" title="Romania"><img alt="Romania" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Romania.svg/23px-Flag_of_Romania.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Romania.svg/35px-Flag_of_Romania.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Romania.svg/45px-Flag_of_Romania.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="400" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Foreign_relations_of_Romania" title="Foreign relations of Romania">Romania</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Slovakia" title="Slovakia"><img alt="Slovakia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Flag_of_Slovakia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Slovakia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Flag_of_Slovakia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Slovakia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Flag_of_Slovakia.svg/45px-Flag_of_Slovakia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Foreign_relations_of_Slovakia" title="Foreign relations of Slovakia">Slovakia</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Slovenia" title="Slovenia"><img alt="Slovenia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Flag_of_Slovenia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Slovenia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Flag_of_Slovenia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Slovenia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Flag_of_Slovenia.svg/46px-Flag_of_Slovenia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Foreign_relations_of_Slovenia" title="Foreign relations of Slovenia">Slovenia</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Spain" title="Spain"><img alt="Spain" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Spain.svg/23px-Flag_of_Spain.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Spain.svg/35px-Flag_of_Spain.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Spain.svg/45px-Flag_of_Spain.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="750" data-file-height="500" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Foreign_relations_of_Spain" title="Foreign relations of Spain">Spain</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Sweden" title="Sweden"><img alt="Sweden" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Sweden.svg/23px-Flag_of_Sweden.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Sweden.svg/35px-Flag_of_Sweden.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Sweden.svg/46px-Flag_of_Sweden.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1000" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Foreign_relations_of_Sweden" title="Foreign relations of Sweden">Sweden</a></li></ul> <hr /> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Argentina%E2%80%93European_Union_relations" title="Argentina–European Union relations">Argentina–European Union relations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Armenia%E2%80%93European_Union_relations" title="Armenia–European Union relations">Armenia–European Union relations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Australia%E2%80%93European_Union_relations" title="Australia–European Union relations">Australia–European Union relations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brazil%E2%80%93European_Union_relations" title="Brazil–European Union relations">Brazil–European Union relations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canada%E2%80%93European_Union_relations" title="Canada–European Union relations">Canada–European Union relations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/China%E2%80%93European_Union_relations" title="China–European Union relations">China–European Union relations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/European_Union%E2%80%93NATO_relations" title="European Union–NATO relations">European Union–NATO relations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Georgia%E2%80%93European_Union_relations" title="Georgia–European Union relations">Georgia–European Union relations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iceland%E2%80%93European_Union_relations" title="Iceland–European Union relations">Iceland–European Union relations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kazakhstan%E2%80%93European_Union_relations" title="Kazakhstan–European Union relations">Kazakhstan–European Union relations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japan%E2%80%93European_Union_relations" title="Japan–European Union relations">Japan–European Union relations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mexico%E2%80%93European_Union_relations" title="Mexico–European Union relations">Mexico–European Union relations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moldova%E2%80%93European_Union_relations" title="Moldova–European Union relations">Moldova–European Union relations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Norway%E2%80%93European_Union_relations" title="Norway–European Union relations">Norway–European Union relations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russia%E2%80%93European_Union_relations" title="Russia–European Union relations">Russia–European Union relations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Switzerland%E2%80%93European_Union_relations" title="Switzerland–European Union relations">Switzerland–European Union relations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/European_Union%E2%80%93Turkey_relations" title="European Union–Turkey relations">Turkey–European Union relations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ukraine%E2%80%93European_Union_relations" title="Ukraine–European Union relations">Ukraine–European Union relations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom%E2%80%93European_Union_relations" title="United Kingdom–European Union relations">United Kingdom–European Union relations</a> (<a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom_membership_of_the_European_Union" title="United Kingdom membership of the European Union">History</a>) <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Post-Brexit_United_Kingdom_relations_with_the_European_Union" title="Post-Brexit United Kingdom relations with the European Union">Post-Brexit United Kingdom relations with the European Union</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brexit" title="Brexit">Brexit</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States%E2%80%93European_Union_relations" class="mw-redirect" title="United States–European Union relations">United States–European Union relations</a></li></ul> <hr /> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Common_Travel_Area" title="Common Travel Area">Common Travel Area</a> (<a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Ireland" title="Republic of Ireland">Ireland</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Microstates_and_the_European_Union" title="Microstates and the European Union">Microstates and the European Union</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/European_Union_and_the_United_Nations" title="European Union and the United Nations">European Union and the United Nations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/European_Union_Association_Agreement" title="European Union Association Agreement">European Union Association Agreement</a></li></ul> <hr /> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Group_of_Seven" class="mw-redirect" title="Group of Seven">G7</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/G20" title="G20">G20</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="text-align:left; background:lavender;;color: var(--color-base)">Defunct bodies</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="padding-top: 0; text-align: left;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/European_Communities" title="European Communities">European Communities</a> (1958–1993) <dl><dd><a href="/wiki/European_Coal_and_Steel_Community" title="European Coal and Steel Community">European Coal and Steel Community</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/European_Economic_Community" title="European Economic Community">European Economic Community</a></dd></dl></li> <li><a href="/wiki/European_Community" class="mw-redirect" title="European Community">European Community</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Western_European_Union" title="Western European Union">Western European Union</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Convention_on_the_Future_of_Europe" title="Convention on the Future of Europe">Convention on the Future of Europe</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-below"> <span class="nowrap"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="flag" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Flag_of_Europe.svg/32px-Flag_of_Europe.svg.png" decoding="async" width="32" height="21" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Flag_of_Europe.svg/48px-Flag_of_Europe.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Flag_of_Europe.svg/64px-Flag_of_Europe.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="810" data-file-height="540" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:European_Union" title="Portal:European Union">European Union portal</a> <div class="hlist" style="text-align:center;font-weight:normal;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Outline_of_political_science#Politics_by_region" title="Outline of political science">Other countries</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-navbar"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Politics_of_the_European_Union" title="Template:Politics of the European Union"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Politics_of_the_European_Union" title="Template talk:Politics of the European Union"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Politics_of_the_European_Union" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Politics of the European Union"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The EEAS manages general foreign relations, security and defence policies and controls the <a href="/wiki/Joint_Situation_Centre" class="mw-redirect" title="Joint Situation Centre">Situation Centre</a> (see intelligence below). However, although the <a href="/wiki/High_Representative_of_the_Union_for_Foreign_Affairs_and_Security_Policy" title="High Representative of the Union for Foreign Affairs and Security Policy">HR</a> and the EEAS can prepare initiatives, member states make the final policy decisions and the commission also plays a part in technical implementation. The HR must report to the <a href="/wiki/European_Parliament" title="European Parliament">European Parliament</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-23Oct_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23Oct-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The EEAS would have desks dedicated to all the countries and regional organisations in the world, and specialised units for democracy, human rights and defence.<sup id="cite_ref-UK_EEAS_21-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-UK_EEAS-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The EEAS has six geographical departments headed by a managing director. The departments divide the world into: 1) Africa, 2) Asia, 3) Americas, 4) the Middle East and Southern Neighbourhood, 5) Russia, the Eastern Neighbourhood and the Western Balkans and 6) Global and Multilateral Affairs.<sup id="cite_ref-org_chart_22-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-org_chart-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Geographic desks are not duplicated in the commission.<sup id="cite_ref-details_emerge_23-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-details_emerge-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The EEAS also includes departments for security, strategic policy planning, legal affairs, inter-institutional relations, information and public diplomacy, internal audit and inspections, and personal data protection.<sup id="cite_ref-Establishment_19-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Establishment-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Departments_transferred">Departments transferred</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=European_External_Action_Service&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Departments transferred"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Parts of the following departments have been transferred from the commission or Council to the External Action Service:<sup id="cite_ref-Establishment_19-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Establishment-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> the Policy Unit (Council), Directorate-General E (Council), Officials of the General Secretariat of the council on secondment to <a href="/wiki/European_Union_Special_Representatives" class="mw-redirect" title="European Union Special Representatives">European Union Special Representatives</a> and <a href="/wiki/ESDP_missions" class="mw-redirect" title="ESDP missions">ESDP missions</a> <a href="/wiki/Directorate-General_for_External_Relations_(European_Commission)" class="mw-redirect" title="Directorate-General for External Relations (European Commission)">Directorate-General for External Relations</a> (Commission), External Service (Commission – Delegations), <a href="/wiki/Directorate-General_for_Development_(European_Commission)" class="mw-redirect" title="Directorate-General for Development (European Commission)">Directorate-General for Development</a> (Commission). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Staff">Staff</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=European_External_Action_Service&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Staff"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Staff is drawn from the Commission and Council and from the <a href="/wiki/Member_state_of_the_European_Union" title="Member state of the European Union">member states'</a> diplomatic services, seconded temporarily. The <a href="/wiki/High_Representative_of_the_Union_for_Foreign_Affairs_and_Security_Policy" title="High Representative of the Union for Foreign Affairs and Security Policy">HR</a> appoints his or her own staff directly.<sup id="cite_ref-23Oct_3-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23Oct-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> There were no national quotas for the initial 1,100 staff members and a minimum of 33% was to be from member states. The rest are permanent officials drawn from the European Commission and the Secretariat General of the Council of the European Union. This is in part due to the need to establish a common diplomatic culture, which is also what has prompted calls for a <a href="/wiki/European_Diplomatic_Academy" title="European Diplomatic Academy">European Diplomatic Academy</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On 1 January 2011 the first staff were permanently transferred to the EEAS: 585 from the Commissions External Relations DG (which ceased to exist), 93 from the Commissions Development DG (the remainder of which merged into Development Cooperation DG), 436 from the Commission delegations and 411 from the Council of the European Union. These joined with 118 new posts to create a staff of 1,643 on the day of transfer.<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Senior_posts">Senior posts</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=European_External_Action_Service&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Senior posts"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The day-to-day administration of the EEAS is handled by an Executive Secretary-General.<sup id="cite_ref-outline_1_26-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-outline_1-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1244412712"><blockquote class="templatequote"><p>The EEAS shall be managed by an Executive Secretary-General who will operate under the authority of the High Representative. The Executive Secretary-General shall take all measures necessary to ensure the smooth functioning of the EEAS, including its administrative and budgetary management. The Executive Secretary-General shall ensure effective coordination between all departments in the central administration as well as with the Union Delegations.</p><div class="templatequotecite">— <cite>Council agreement's outline of the duties of the Executive Secretary-General<sup id="cite_ref-Establishment_19-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Establishment-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></cite></div></blockquote> <p>Below the Secretary-General there are two deputy Secretaries-General. One of the deputy secretaries-general deals with administrative matters (such as co-ordination and co-operation with the commission) while the other assists with foreign policy formulation.<sup id="cite_ref-Historic_18-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Historic-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-outline_1_26-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-outline_1-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-HS_and_MP_27-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-HS_and_MP-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On 28 July 2015 it was announced that as from mid-September 2015, the Secretary General will be assisted by a third Deputy Secretary-General, in charge of Economic and Global Issues.<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However under the final agreed plans the HR would be deputised by a relevant <a href="/wiki/European_Commissioner" class="mw-redirect" title="European Commissioner">European Commissioner</a> or the foreign minister holding the rotating council presidency.<sup id="cite_ref-details_emerge_23-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-details_emerge-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The Secretary-General will also oversee the autonomous cells such as the Situation Centre (see intelligence below), the military staff, an internal security unit, audit unit and a unit for communications and relations with other EU institutions.<sup id="cite_ref-outline_1_26-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-outline_1-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The chief operating officer deals with the budget and administration and six managing directors each manage a department (see <i>organisation</i>).<sup id="cite_ref-org_chart_22-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-org_chart-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The following are the current office holders;<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th>Post </th> <th>Office-holder </th> <th>State </th></tr> <tr> <th colspan="3">Secretary-General and Deputies </th></tr> <tr> <td>Secretary-General </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Stefano_Sannino" title="Stefano Sannino">Stefano Sannino</a> </td> <td>Italy </td></tr> <tr> <td>Deputy Secretary-General for Economic and Global Issues </td> <td>Helena König </td> <td>Sweden </td></tr> <tr> <td>Deputy Secretary-General for Political Affairs </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Enrique_Mora_Benavente" class="mw-redirect" title="Enrique Mora Benavente">Enrique Mora Benavente</a> </td> <td>Spain </td></tr> <tr> <td>Deputy Secretary-General for CSDP and Crisis Response </td> <td>Charles Fries </td> <td>France </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="3">Managing Directors </th></tr> <tr> <td>Managing director for Asia and Pacific </td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gunnar_Wiegand&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gunnar Wiegand (page does not exist)">Gunnar Wiegand</a> </td> <td>Germany </td></tr> <tr> <td>Managing director for Africa </td> <td>Rita Laranjinha </td> <td>Portugal </td></tr> <tr> <td>Managing director for Europe and Central Asia </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Angelina_Eichhorst" title="Angelina Eichhorst">Angelina Eichhorst</a> (<i>ad interim</i>) </td> <td>Netherlands </td></tr> <tr> <td>Managing director for Middle East and Northern Africa </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Fernando_Gentilini" title="Fernando Gentilini">Fernando Gentilini</a> </td> <td>Italy </td></tr> <tr> <td>Managing director for the Americas </td> <td>Brian Glynn </td> <td>Ireland </td></tr> <tr> <td>Managing director for Global and Multilateral Affairs </td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lotte_Knudsen&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lotte Knudsen (page does not exist)">Lotte Knudsen</a> </td> <td>Denmark </td></tr> <tr> <td>Managing director for CSDP and Crisis Response </td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pavel_Herczynski&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pavel Herczynski (page does not exist)">Pavel Herczynski</a> </td> <td>Poland </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="3">Other Senior Managers </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Director_General_of_the_European_Union_Military_Staff" title="Director General of the European Union Military Staff">Director General</a> <a href="/wiki/European_Union_Military_Staff" title="European Union Military Staff">EU Military Staff</a> (EUMS), also serving as Director of the <a href="/wiki/Military_Planning_and_Conduct_Capability" title="Military Planning and Conduct Capability">Military Planning and Conduct Capability</a> (MPCC) </td> <td>Lt Gen <a href="/wiki/Esa_Pulkkinen" title="Esa Pulkkinen">Esa Pulkkinen</a> </td> <td>Finland </td></tr> <tr> <td>Director of the <a href="/wiki/Civilian_Planning_and_Conduct_Capability" title="Civilian Planning and Conduct Capability">Civilian Planning and Conduct Capability</a> (CPCC) </td> <td>Vincenzo Coppola </td> <td>Italy </td></tr> <tr> <td>Director of the <a href="/wiki/European_Union_Intelligence_and_Situation_Centre" title="European Union Intelligence and Situation Centre">EU Intelligence and Situation Centre</a> </td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jos%C3%A9_Casimiro_Morgado&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="José Casimiro Morgado (page does not exist)">José Casimiro Morgado</a> </td> <td>Portugal </td></tr> <tr> <td>Permanent Chair of the <a href="/wiki/Political_and_Security_Committee" title="Political and Security Committee">Political and Security Committee</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Sofie_From-Emmesberger" title="Sofie From-Emmesberger">Sofie From-Emmesberger</a> </td> <td>Finland </td></tr> <tr> <td>Director of Inter-institutional relations, policy coordination and public diplomacy </td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Oliver_Rentschler&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Oliver Rentschler (page does not exist)">Oliver Rentschler</a> </td> <td>Germany </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Delegations">Delegations</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=European_External_Action_Service&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Delegations"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main articles: <a href="/wiki/List_of_diplomatic_missions_of_the_European_Union" class="mw-redirect" title="List of diplomatic missions of the European Union">List of diplomatic missions of the European Union</a> and <a href="/wiki/Foreign_relations_of_the_European_Union#Diplomatic_representation" title="Foreign relations of the European Union">Foreign relations of the European Union § Diplomatic representation</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Washington_Park_Building.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c8/Washington_Park_Building.JPG/220px-Washington_Park_Building.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="266" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c8/Washington_Park_Building.JPG/330px-Washington_Park_Building.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c8/Washington_Park_Building.JPG/440px-Washington_Park_Building.JPG 2x" data-file-width="1571" data-file-height="1898" /></a><figcaption>The delegation in Washington, D.C., the first to be upgraded to an EU embassy.</figcaption></figure> <p>The former <a href="/wiki/List_of_diplomatic_missions_of_the_European_Commission" class="mw-redirect" title="List of diplomatic missions of the European Commission">Commission's representations abroad</a> fall under the EEAS as EU <a href="/wiki/Embassy" class="mw-redirect" title="Embassy">embassies</a> (although representing the whole of the EU under Lisbon, the commission had wanted to retain management).<sup id="cite_ref-23Oct_3-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23Oct-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The delegations would also support visits from MEPs, delegation heads would have hearings in Parliament (though no veto) and they are at the disposal of Parliament for questions concerning the country they dealt with.<sup id="cite_ref-Concessions_to_Parliament_17-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Concessions_to_Parliament-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> There are EU delegations in nearly every UN member state<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and each head of delegation is the <a href="/wiki/Ambassadors_of_the_European_Union" class="mw-redirect" title="Ambassadors of the European Union">EU ambassador</a> (appointed by the High Representative). </p><p>On 1 January 2010 all former European Commission delegations were renamed <i>European Union delegations</i> and were gradually upgraded into embassy-type missions that employ greater powers than the regular delegations. These upgraded delegations have taken on the role previously carried out by the national embassies of the member state holding the rotating <a href="/wiki/Presidency_of_the_Council_of_the_European_Union" title="Presidency of the Council of the European Union">Presidency of the Council of the European Union</a> and merged with the independent Council delegations around the world. Through this the EU delegations take on the role of co-ordinating national embassies and speaking for the EU as a whole, not just the commission.<sup id="cite_ref-ReferenceA_31-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ReferenceA-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The first delegation to be upgraded was the one in Washington D.C., the new <a href="/wiki/Ambassadors_of_the_European_Union" class="mw-redirect" title="Ambassadors of the European Union">joint ambassador</a> was Joao Vale de Almeida who outlined his new powers as speaking for both the Commission and Council presidents, and member states. He would be in charge where there was a common position but otherwise, on bilateral matters, he would not take over from national ambassadors. All delegations are expected to be converted by the end of 2010.<sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Some states may choose to operate through the new EU delegations and close down some of their smaller national embassies, however France has indicated that it will maintain its own network around the world for now.<sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Budget">Budget</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=European_External_Action_Service&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Budget"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The EEAS's budget is proposed and managed by the <a href="/wiki/High_Representative_of_the_Union_for_Foreign_Affairs_and_Security_Policy" title="High Representative of the Union for Foreign Affairs and Security Policy">HR</a><sup id="cite_ref-23Oct_3-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23Oct-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and be signed off every year by Parliament. Parliament would also review the budget of each EU mission; Parliament's oversight would put an end to a long-standing <a href="/wiki/Gentlemen%27s_agreement" title="Gentlemen's agreement">gentlemen's agreement</a> whereby Parliament and Council do not look at each other's budget details.<sup id="cite_ref-Concessions_to_Parliament_17-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Concessions_to_Parliament-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Parliamentary_oversight">Parliamentary oversight</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=European_External_Action_Service&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Parliamentary oversight"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Parliament has fought to gain oversight over the EEAS and under final plans the budget, though independent, would be scrutinised by MEPs who can approve or reject it. Parliament would also be consulted on overseas missions and have stronger budgetary oversight over those too. They would also informally vet appointments to prominent foreign embassies and have access to some classified EEAS documents.<sup id="cite_ref-Historic_18-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Historic-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-details_emerge_23-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-details_emerge-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Intelligence_and_security">Intelligence and security</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=European_External_Action_Service&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Intelligence and security"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>As part of the merger, the intelligence gathering services in the Commission and Council will be merged. These services are the council's <i><a href="/wiki/Joint_Situation_Centre" class="mw-redirect" title="Joint Situation Centre">Joint Situation Centre</a></i> (SitCen) and <i>Watch-Keeping Capability</i> and the commission's <i>Crisis Room</i>. The Situation Centre has 110 staff and has a cell of <a href="/wiki/Intelligence_analysis" title="Intelligence analysis">intelligence analysts</a> from member states who pool classified information to produce concise reports on important topics. It also runs a 24/7 alert desk based on public sources which then updates EU diplomats via SMS on current events. The Watch-Keeping Capability is composed of 12 police and military officers who gather news from the EU's overseas missions.<sup id="cite_ref-intel_hub_34-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-intel_hub-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The commission's Crisis Room is run by six commission officials who run a restricted website reporting breaking news on the 118 active conflicts in the world based on open sources and news from EU embassies. It uses scientific tools including statistical analysis and software which scans global TV broadcasts for names and key words. Details on the plans for the new merged intelligence service are still sketchy as of early 2010 but it will not run undercover operations along the lines of national <a href="/wiki/Intelligence_agency" title="Intelligence agency">intelligence agencies</a> despite proposals from Belgium and Austria after the <a href="/wiki/2004_Madrid_train_bombings" title="2004 Madrid train bombings">2004 Madrid train bombings</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-intel_hub_34-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-intel_hub-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The Situation Centre and Crisis Room would be merged and headed by the <a href="/wiki/High_Representative_of_the_Union_for_Foreign_Affairs_and_Security_Policy" title="High Representative of the Union for Foreign Affairs and Security Policy">HR</a>. It would be located near the HR's office headed by a director-general with a staff of around 160 people and a budget of 10 to 20 million euro a year. It would have IT experts, scientists, tacticians and seconded intelligence operatives. It would send people into crisis zones to gather information and have 24/7 hotlines to EU delegations around the world. It would give the HR an immediate and powerful asset in an emergency without having to go via the council's Political and Security committee first.<sup id="cite_ref-SitRoom_35-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SitRoom-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However it is unclear if the council's <a href="/wiki/Clearing_House_(EU)" title="Clearing House (EU)">Clearing House</a> (or Working Group CP 931 which deals with the EU's terrorism blacklist<sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>) would be merged into the EEAS along with these other bodies.<sup id="cite_ref-Pole_37-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Pole-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Meanwhile, Ashton appointed a Polish security operative to head a working group designing the security architecture of the EEAS; particularly the physical security of the EEAS building and its communication network with its embassies. It is seen as particularly important due to the EEAS handling sensitive, as discussed above, amid espionage concerns from China and Russia.<sup id="cite_ref-Pole_37-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Pole-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In September 2010, job adverts went out to EU institutions and national embassies for three junior posts at the EEAS. One for foreign deployment, one for a multi-lingual internet researcher and one to follow up on open and confidential information sources. The adverts expressed more about the future department's work, in particular at the new director would be expected to travel to global hotspots.<sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The director of the Joint Situation Centre was appointed in December 2010, Finnish security chief Ilkka Salmi.<sup id="cite_ref-Salmi_appo_39-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Salmi_appo-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The High Representative also has authority over the <a href="/wiki/European_Defence_Agency" title="European Defence Agency">European Defence Agency</a>, <a href="/wiki/European_Union_Institute_for_Security_Studies" title="European Union Institute for Security Studies">EU Institute for Security Studies</a> and the <a href="/wiki/European_Union_Satellite_Centre" title="European Union Satellite Centre">EU Satellite Centre</a>, though these remain autonomous from the EEAS itself.<sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-42" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-43" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Commission's_responsibilities"><span id="Commission.27s_responsibilities"></span>Commission's responsibilities</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=European_External_Action_Service&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Commission's responsibilities"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The European Commission managed to retain control over its competencies in aid (and its €6 billion a year budget), development, energy and enlargement. This gives the relevant Commissioners the lead in those areas<sup id="cite_ref-Historic_18-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Historic-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and deputise for the <a href="/wiki/High_Representative_of_the_Union_for_Foreign_Affairs_and_Security_Policy" title="High Representative of the Union for Foreign Affairs and Security Policy">HR</a> when necessary.<sup id="cite_ref-details_emerge_23-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-details_emerge-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Although the service will have cells for the commission's areas, decisions will have to be made jointly by the HR and the <a href="/wiki/College_of_Commissioners" class="mw-redirect" title="College of Commissioners">College of Commissioners</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-23Oct_3-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23Oct-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>However Ashton's draft plan for the EEAS included proposals for the EEAS to take responsibility for Neighbourhood Policy (currently assigned to the Enlargement Commissioner) and international development at least.<sup id="cite_ref-44" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Under a compromise with the commission, it was agreed development would be split, with the EEAS taking on three of the five planning cycles from the commission.<sup id="cite_ref-compromise_45-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-compromise-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> How this division of labour will work in practice only began being tested in 2012 as the 2014–2020 programming exercise began.<sup id="cite_ref-46" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The following Directorates-General (DGs) and Commissioners are not being merged and decisions in these areas require approval from the college of Commissioners: </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/EuropeAid_Development_and_Cooperation" class="mw-redirect" title="EuropeAid Development and Cooperation">EuropeAid Development and Cooperation</a> (inc <a href="/wiki/ECHO_(European_Commission)" class="mw-redirect" title="ECHO (European Commission)">ECHO</a>): <a href="/wiki/European_Commissioner_for_International_Cooperation,_Humanitarian_Aid_and_Crisis_Response" class="mw-redirect" title="European Commissioner for International Cooperation, Humanitarian Aid and Crisis Response">Commissioner for International Cooperation, Humanitarian Aid and Crisis Response</a> (<a href="/wiki/Kristalina_Georgieva" title="Kristalina Georgieva">Kristalina Georgieva</a>).</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Directorate-General_for_Enlargement_(European_Commission)" class="mw-redirect" title="Directorate-General for Enlargement (European Commission)">DG Enlargement</a>: <a href="/wiki/European_Commissioner_for_Enlargement_and_European_Neighbourhood_Policy" class="mw-redirect" title="European Commissioner for Enlargement and European Neighbourhood Policy">Commissioner for Enlargement</a> (<a href="/wiki/%C5%A0tefan_F%C3%BCle" title="Štefan Füle">Štefan Füle</a>).</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Directorate-General_for_Trade_(European_Commission)" class="mw-redirect" title="Directorate-General for Trade (European Commission)">DG Trade</a>: <a href="/wiki/European_Commissioner_for_Trade" title="European Commissioner for Trade">Commissioner for Trade</a> (<a href="/wiki/Cecilia_Malmstr%C3%B6m" title="Cecilia Malmström">Cecilia Malmström</a>).</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Directorate-General_for_Energy_(European_Commission)" class="mw-redirect" title="Directorate-General for Energy (European Commission)">DG Energy</a>: <a href="/wiki/European_Commissioner_for_Energy" title="European Commissioner for Energy">Commissioner for Energy</a> (<a href="/wiki/G%C3%BCnther_Oettinger" title="Günther Oettinger">Günther Oettinger</a>).</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foreign_Policy_Instruments_Service" class="mw-redirect" title="Foreign Policy Instruments Service">Foreign Policy Instruments Service</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Location">Location</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=European_External_Action_Service&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Location"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The EEAS is based in the <a href="/wiki/Triangle_building" title="Triangle building">Triangle building</a> (also known as the Capital, or Axa building) on the <a href="/wiki/Schuman_roundabout" class="mw-redirect" title="Schuman roundabout">Schuman roundabout</a> in the heart of <a href="/wiki/Brussels_and_the_European_Union#European_Quarter" title="Brussels and the European Union">Brussels' EU Quarter</a>. The building is leased at €12 million a year. Prior to moving in, future EEAS staff were located in eight separate buildings at a cost of €25 million each year.<sup id="cite_ref-AxaChosen_47-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AxaChosen-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The EEAS lease most of the building, with Commission departments filling the remaining space.<sup id="cite_ref-AshtonCapital_48-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AshtonCapital-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <a href="/wiki/European_Personnel_Selection_Office" title="European Personnel Selection Office">European Personnel Selection Office</a> (Epso) was already occupying part of the building since July 2010.<sup id="cite_ref-AshtonCapital_48-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AshtonCapital-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>It was originally expected that the EEAS would take over the commission's <a href="/wiki/Charlemagne_building" title="Charlemagne building">Charlemagne building</a><sup id="cite_ref-49" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> on the <a href="/wiki/Rue_de_la_Loi" title="Rue de la Loi">Rue de la Loi</a> which housed the now defunct <a href="/wiki/Directorate-General_for_External_Relations_(European_Commission)" class="mw-redirect" title="Directorate-General for External Relations (European Commission)">Directorate-General for External Relations</a> (RELEX). However that building was thought to be too small,<sup id="cite_ref-AshtonCapital_48-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AshtonCapital-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> would be too closely associated with RELEX (going against the image of the EEAS as a unique independent institution)<sup id="cite_ref-Ashton_Lex_50-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ashton_Lex-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and would take too long to overhaul.<sup id="cite_ref-AxaChosen_47-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AxaChosen-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It was also proposed that the EEAS take over the <a href="/wiki/Lex_building" title="Lex building">Lex building</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-AshtonCapital_48-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AshtonCapital-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Due to cost and security considerations, Ashton had preferred to take over the Lex building which could be rented from the Council at a lower rate and already has a higher security rating with tunnels to the main Commission and Council buildings. However, in order to take over the building, the council staff would have to be willing to leave and the council's budget increased so they could find new accommodation.<sup id="cite_ref-Ashton_Lex_50-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ashton_Lex-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Due to the staff in Lex unwilling to move, the triangle building was chosen by Ashton in October 2010.<sup id="cite_ref-AxaChosen_47-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AxaChosen-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The EEAS's CSDP bodies are situated in the <a href="/wiki/Kortenberg_building" title="Kortenberg building">Kortenberg building</a>, as these could not be moved to the Triangle building in 2012 for security reasons.<sup id="cite_ref-51" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=European_External_Action_Service&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Common_Foreign_and_Security_Policy" title="Common Foreign and Security Policy">Common Foreign and Security Policy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foreign_relations_of_the_European_Union" title="Foreign relations of the European Union">Foreign relations of the European Union</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joint_European_Union_Intelligence_School" title="Joint European Union Intelligence School">Joint European Union Intelligence School</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_diplomatic_missions_of_the_European_Union" class="mw-redirect" title="List of diplomatic missions of the European Union">List of diplomatic missions of the European Union</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_European_Union_ambassadors" class="mw-redirect" title="List of European Union ambassadors">List of European Union ambassadors</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=European_External_Action_Service&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://eeas.europa.eu/sites/eeas/files/eeas_hr_report_2018_final_web.pdf">"EEAS Human Resources Report 2018"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. July 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">11 October</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=EEAS+Human+Resources+Report+2018&rft.date=2019-07&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Feeas.europa.eu%2Fsites%2Feeas%2Ffiles%2Feeas_hr_report_2018_final_web.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEuropean+External+Action+Service" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://eeas.europa.eu/sites/eeas/files/eeas_annual_activity_report_2018_final.pdf">"EEAS Annual Activity Report 2018"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. July 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">11 October</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=EEAS+Annual+Activity+Report+2018&rft.date=2019-07&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Feeas.europa.eu%2Fsites%2Feeas%2Ffiles%2Feeas_annual_activity_report_2018_final.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEuropean+External+Action+Service" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23Oct-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-23Oct_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-23Oct_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-23Oct_3-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-23Oct_3-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-23Oct_3-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-23Oct_3-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Rettman, Andrew (23 October 2009) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://euobserver.com/9/28878">EU states envisage new foreign policy giant</a>, EU Observer</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:1-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:1_4-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:1_4-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGatti2016" class="citation book cs1">Gatti, Mauro (2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=udk6DQAAQBAJ&q=gatti%20european%20external%20action%20service&pg=PR1"><i>European External Action Service: Promoting Coherence Through Autonomy and Coordination</i></a>. Leiden: Brill. p. 94. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9789004323612" title="Special:BookSources/9789004323612"><bdi>9789004323612</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/951833456">951833456</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=European+External+Action+Service%3A+Promoting+Coherence+Through+Autonomy+and+Coordination&rft.place=Leiden&rft.pages=94&rft.pub=Brill&rft.date=2016&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F951833456&rft.isbn=9789004323612&rft.aulast=Gatti&rft.aufirst=Mauro&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Dudk6DQAAQBAJ%26q%3Dgatti%2520european%2520external%2520action%2520service%26pg%3DPR1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEuropean+External+Action+Service" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:0-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-:0_5-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGatti2016" class="citation book cs1">Gatti, Mauro (2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=udk6DQAAQBAJ&q=gatti%20european%20external%20action%20service&pg=PR1"><i>European External Action Service: Promoting Coherence Through Autonomy and Coordination</i></a>. Leiden: Brill. p. 148. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9789004323612" title="Special:BookSources/9789004323612"><bdi>9789004323612</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/951833456">951833456</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=European+External+Action+Service%3A+Promoting+Coherence+Through+Autonomy+and+Coordination&rft.place=Leiden&rft.pages=148&rft.pub=Brill&rft.date=2016&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F951833456&rft.isbn=9789004323612&rft.aulast=Gatti&rft.aufirst=Mauro&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Dudk6DQAAQBAJ%26q%3Dgatti%2520european%2520external%2520action%2520service%26pg%3DPR1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEuropean+External+Action+Service" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Art. 5 of <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://register.consilium.europa.eu/pdf/en/10/st11/st11665-re01.en10.pdf">COUNCIL DECISION establishing the organisation and functioning of the European External Action Service</a> (PDF), Council of the European Union, 20 July 2010</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://eeas.europa.eu/headquarters/headquarters-homepage_fr/8477/The%20Crisis%20Management%20and%20Planning%20Directorate%20(CMPD)">"The Crisis Management and Planning Directorate (CMPD)"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Crisis+Management+and+Planning+Directorate+%28CMPD%29&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Feeas.europa.eu%2Fheadquarters%2Fheadquarters-homepage_fr%2F8477%2FThe%2520Crisis%2520Management%2520and%2520Planning%2520Directorate%2520%28CMPD%29&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEuropean+External+Action+Service" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://eeas.europa.eu/headquarters/headquarters-homepage/5438/civilian-planning-and-conduct-capability-cpcc_en">"The Civilian Planning and Conduct Capability (CPCC)"</a>. EEAS - European External Action Service, European Commission.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Civilian+Planning+and+Conduct+Capability+%28CPCC%29&rft.pub=EEAS+-+European+External+Action+Service%2C+European+Commission&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Feeas.europa.eu%2Fheadquarters%2Fheadquarters-homepage%2F5438%2Fcivilian-planning-and-conduct-capability-cpcc_en&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEuropean+External+Action+Service" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://eeas.europa.eu/headquarters/headquarters-homepage/5436/european-union-military-staff-eums_en">"The European Union Military Staff (EUMS)"</a>. EEAS - European External Action Service, European Commission.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+European+Union+Military+Staff+%28EUMS%29&rft.pub=EEAS+-+European+External+Action+Service%2C+European+Commission&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Feeas.europa.eu%2Fheadquarters%2Fheadquarters-homepage%2F5436%2Feuropean-union-military-staff-eums_en&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEuropean+External+Action+Service" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-launch-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-launch_10-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-launch_10-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Rettman, Andrew (2 December 2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://euobserver.com/9/31413">"Ashton names EU foreign-service priorities at low-key launch event"</a>, EU Observer.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGatti2016" class="citation book cs1">Gatti, Mauro (2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=udk6DQAAQBAJ&q=gatti%20european%20external%20action%20service&pg=PR1"><i>European External Action Service: Promoting Coherence Through Autonomy and Coordination</i></a>. Leiden: Brill. pp. 109–117. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9789004323612" title="Special:BookSources/9789004323612"><bdi>9789004323612</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/951833456">951833456</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=European+External+Action+Service%3A+Promoting+Coherence+Through+Autonomy+and+Coordination&rft.place=Leiden&rft.pages=109-117&rft.pub=Brill&rft.date=2016&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F951833456&rft.isbn=9789004323612&rft.aulast=Gatti&rft.aufirst=Mauro&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Dudk6DQAAQBAJ%26q%3Dgatti%2520european%2520external%2520action%2520service%26pg%3DPR1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEuropean+External+Action+Service" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMarrone" class="citation web cs1">Marrone, Alessandro. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://isnblog.ethz.ch/defense/permanent-structured-cooperation-an-institutional-pathway-for-european-defence">"Permanent Structured Cooperation: An Institutional Pathway for European Defence"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Permanent+Structured+Cooperation%3A+An+Institutional+Pathway+for+European+Defence&rft.aulast=Marrone&rft.aufirst=Alessandro&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fisnblog.ethz.ch%2Fdefense%2Fpermanent-structured-cooperation-an-institutional-pathway-for-european-defence&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEuropean+External+Action+Service" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGrant2007" class="citation web cs1">Grant, Charles (19 June 2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20081121191809/http://www.cer.org.uk/articles/grant_guardian_blog_19june07.html">"Constitutional fudge"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cer.org.uk/articles/grant_guardian_blog_19june07.html">the original</a> on 21 November 2008<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 November</span> 2008</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Constitutional+fudge&rft.date=2007-06-19&rft.aulast=Grant&rft.aufirst=Charles&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cer.org.uk%2Farticles%2Fgrant_guardian_blog_19june07.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEuropean+External+Action+Service" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://eur-lex.europa.eu/LexUriServ/LexUriServ.do?uri=OJ:C:2007:306:0010:0041:EN:PDF">"Treaty amending the Treaty on European Union and the Treaty Establishing the European Community"</a>. 17 December 2007<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">22 June</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Treaty+amending+the+Treaty+on+European+Union+and+the+Treaty+Establishing+the+European+Community&rft.date=2007-12-17&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Feur-lex.europa.eu%2FLexUriServ%2FLexUriServ.do%3Furi%3DOJ%3AC%3A2007%3A306%3A0010%3A0041%3AEN%3APDF&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEuropean+External+Action+Service" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Rettman, Andrew (14 January 2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://euobserver.com/24/29266">"EU foreign relations chief tests new powers in earthquake response"</a>, EU Observer.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-chatham-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-chatham_16-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGaspers2010" class="citation web cs1">Gaspers, Jan (January 2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.chathamhouse.org/publications/twt/archive/view/168917">"Putting Europe First"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">13 October</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Putting+Europe+First&rft.date=2010-01&rft.aulast=Gaspers&rft.aufirst=Jan&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.chathamhouse.org%2Fpublications%2Ftwt%2Farchive%2Fview%2F168917&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEuropean+External+Action+Service" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Concessions_to_Parliament-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Concessions_to_Parliament_17-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Concessions_to_Parliament_17-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Concessions_to_Parliament_17-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Mahony, Honor (24 March 2010) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://euobserver.com/9/29748">Ashton makes concessions to parliament on diplomatic service</a>, <a href="/wiki/EU_Observer" class="mw-redirect" title="EU Observer">EU Observer</a>, accessed 24 March 2010</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Historic-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Historic_18-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Historic_18-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Historic_18-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Historic_18-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Rettman, Andrew (8 July 2010) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://euobserver.com/9/30448">EU takes 'historic' step on new diplomatic service</a>, EU Observer</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Establishment-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Establishment_19-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Establishment_19-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Establishment_19-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Establishment_19-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://register.consilium.europa.eu/pdf/en/10/st11/st11665-re01.en10.pdf">COUNCIL DECISION establishing the organisation and functioning of the European External Action Service</a> PDF, Council of the European Union, 20 July 2010</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLewis2012" class="citation web cs1">Lewis, Aidan (7 December 2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-20522201">"EU diplomatic service cautious on tough global stage"</a>. BBC<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">6 July</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=EU+diplomatic+service+cautious+on+tough+global+stage&rft.pub=BBC&rft.date=2012-12-07&rft.aulast=Lewis&rft.aufirst=Aidan&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.com%2Fnews%2Fworld-europe-20522201&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEuropean+External+Action+Service" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-UK_EEAS-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-UK_EEAS_21-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Rettman, Andrew (1 March 2010) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://euobserver.com/9/29575">Germany attacks UK over EU diplomatic service</a>, EU Observer</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-org_chart-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-org_chart_22-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-org_chart_22-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.eeas.europa.eu/background/docs/eeas_prov_organisation_en.pdf">EUROPEAN EXTERNAL ACTION SERVICE Provisional organisational chart</a>, EEAS</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-details_emerge-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-details_emerge_23-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-details_emerge_23-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-details_emerge_23-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-details_emerge_23-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Mahony, Honor (22 June 2010) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://euobserver.com/9/30342">Details emerge on final set-up of EU diplomatic corps</a>, EU Observer</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Rettman, Andrew (4 June 2010) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://euobserver.com/18/30209">EU ponders creation of new diplomatic breed</a>, EU Observer</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://europa.eu/rapid/pressReleasesAction.do?reference=IP/10/1769&format=HTML&aged=0&language=en&guiLanguage=en">A new step in the setting-up of the EEAS: Transfer of staff on 1 January 2011</a>, Council of the European Union 21 December 2010</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-outline_1-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-outline_1_26-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-outline_1_26-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-outline_1_26-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Rettman, Andrew (11 March 2010) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://euobserver.com/9/29659">France and Germany eye top job in EU diplomatic corps</a>, EU Observer</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-HS_and_MP-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-HS_and_MP_27-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Rettman, Andrew (29 October 2010) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://euobserver.com/9/31162">German and Pole join roll-call of Ashton lieutenants</a>, EU Observer</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-28">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://eeas.europa.eu/statements-eeas/2015/150728_04_en.htm">"European Union - EEAS (European External Action Service) | High Representative Federica Mogherini announces adoption of a modified organisational chart of the EEAS"</a>. <i>eeas.europa.eu</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">17 August</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=eeas.europa.eu&rft.atitle=European+Union+-+EEAS+%28European+External+Action+Service%29+%7C+High+Representative+Federica+Mogherini+announces+adoption+of+a+modified+organisational+chart+of+the+EEAS&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Feeas.europa.eu%2Fstatements-eeas%2F2015%2F150728_04_en.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEuropean+External+Action+Service" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-29">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://eeas.europa.eu/sites/eeas/files/2020.16.04_-_eeas_orgchart.pdf">Organigramme</a>, European External Action Service, April 2020</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-30">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://ec.europa.eu/external_relations/delegations/web_en.htm">External Service – delegations' websites</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100527063428/http://ec.europa.eu/external_relations/delegations/web_en.htm">Archived</a> 27 May 2010 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, Europa.eu website</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ReferenceA-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-ReferenceA_31-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://euobserver.com/foreign/29308">"EU commission 'embassies' granted new powers"</a>. <i>EUobserver</i>. 21 January 2010.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=EUobserver&rft.atitle=EU+commission+%27embassies%27+granted+new+powers&rft.date=2010-01-21&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Feuobserver.com%2Fforeign%2F29308&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEuropean+External+Action+Service" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-32">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://euobserver.com/9/30607">EU envoy to US flaunts new powers</a>, EU Observer 11 August 2010</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-33">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://euobserver.com/9/30543">EU foreign ministers approve diplomatic service</a>, EU Observer 27 July 2010</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-intel_hub-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-intel_hub_34-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-intel_hub_34-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Rettman, Andrew (22 February 2010) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://euobserver.com/9/29519">EU diplomats to benefit from new intelligence hub</a>, EU Observer</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-SitRoom-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-SitRoom_35-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Rettman, Andrew (27 June 2010) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://euobserver.com/9/30356">Ashton to take command of US-type situation room</a>, EU Observer</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-36"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-36">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.consilium.europa.eu/uedocs/cmsUpload/st10826-re01en07.pdf">Fight against the financing of terrorism – implementation of Common Position 2001/931/CFSP</a>, Council of the European Union</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Pole-37"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Pole_37-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Pole_37-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Rettman, Andrew (1 July 2010) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://euobserver.com/9/30403">Ashton hires Polish agent to beef up security</a>, EU Observer</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-38"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-38">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://euobserver.com/foreign/30843">"EU seeks 'stress-resistant' intelligence officer"</a>. <i>EUobserver</i>. 20 September 2010.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=EUobserver&rft.atitle=EU+seeks+%27stress-resistant%27+intelligence+officer&rft.date=2010-09-20&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Feuobserver.com%2Fforeign%2F30843&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEuropean+External+Action+Service" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Salmi_appo-39"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Salmi_appo_39-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://euobserver.com/institutional/31541">"Ashton picks Finn to be EU 'spymaster'<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a>. <i>EUobserver</i>. 17 December 2010.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=EUobserver&rft.atitle=Ashton+picks+Finn+to+be+EU+%27spymaster%27&rft.date=2010-12-17&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Feuobserver.com%2Finstitutional%2F31541&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEuropean+External+Action+Service" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-40"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-40">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.eeas.europa.eu/background/docs/organisation_en.pdf">EUROPEAN EXTERNAL ACTION SERVICE Graphic representation</a> (PDF), EEAS</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-41"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-41">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.eusc.europa.eu/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=4&Itemid=12">Supervision</a>, EUSC</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-42"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-42">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.iss.europa.eu/about-us/">About Us</a>, EUISS</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-43"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-43">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.eda.europa.eu/Aboutus/Howweareorganised/Organisation">Organisation</a>, EDA</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-44"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-44">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120229123225/http://www.europeanvoice.com/article/2010/03/ashton-to-present-plans-for-diplomatic-service/67342.aspx">"Ashton to present plans for diplomatic service | European Voice"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.europeanvoice.com/article/2010/03/ashton-to-present-plans-for-diplomatic-service/67342.aspx">the original</a> on 29 February 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">6 March</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Ashton+to+present+plans+for+diplomatic+service+%26%23124%3B+European+Voice&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.europeanvoice.com%2Farticle%2F2010%2F03%2Fashton-to-present-plans-for-diplomatic-service%2F67342.aspx&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEuropean+External+Action+Service" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-compromise-45"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-compromise_45-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Mahony, Honor (25 March 2010) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://euobserver.com/9/29766">Ashton secures deal on new diplomatic service</a>, EU Observer</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-46"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-46">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Görtz, S. and N. Keijzer. 2012. Reprogramming EU development cooperation for 2014–2020 – Key moments for partner countries, EU Delegations, member states and headquarters in 2012. (ECDPM Discussion Paper 129), <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://www.ecdpm.org/dp129">http://www.ecdpm.org/dp129</a><sup class="noprint Inline-Template"><span style="white-space: nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot" title="Wikipedia:Link rot"><span title=" Dead link tagged November 2022">permanent dead link</span></a></i><span style="visibility:hidden; color:transparent; padding-left:2px">‍</span>]</span></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-AxaChosen-47"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-AxaChosen_47-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-AxaChosen_47-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-AxaChosen_47-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Rettman, Andrew (27 October 2010) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://euobserver.com/9/31140">Ashton chooses €12-million-a-year EU headquarters</a>, EU Observer</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-AshtonCapital-48"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-AshtonCapital_48-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-AshtonCapital_48-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-AshtonCapital_48-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-AshtonCapital_48-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Rettman, Andrew (27 October 2010) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://euobserver.com/?aid=31140">Ashton chooses €12-million-a-year EU headquarters</a>, EU Observer</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-49"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-49">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Rankin, Jennifer and Toby Vogel (12 November 2009) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.europeanvoice.com/article/imported/smoothing-the-road-from-nice-to-lisbon/66393.aspx">Smoothing the road from Nice to Lisbon</a>, European Voice</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Ashton_Lex-50"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Ashton_Lex_50-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Ashton_Lex_50-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Rettman, Andrew (20 September 2010) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://euobserver.com/9/30847">Ashton favours 'Lex' building for new headquarters</a>, EU Observer</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-51"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-51">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.defense.gouv.fr/content/download/327813/4516088/file/Laboratoire%20n%C2%B023%20(En).pdf">Major General Maurice de LANGLOIS, Andreas CAPSTACK (2014) THE ROLE OF THE MILITARY IN THE EU’S EXTERNAL ACTION2THE ROLE OF THE MILITARY IN THE EU’S EXTERNAL ACTION:IMPLEMENTING THE COMPREHENSIVE APPROACH</a></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=European_External_Action_Service&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:European_External_Action_Service" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:European External Action Service">European External Action Service</a></span>.</div></div> </div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1235681985"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1237033735"><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/38px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="38" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/57px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/76px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="410" data-file-height="430" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist"><a href="/wiki/Wikisource" title="Wikisource">Wikisource</a> has original text related to this article: <div style="margin-left: 10px;"><b><a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Consolidated_version_of_the_Treaty_on_European_Union/Title_V:_General_Provisions_on_the_Union%27s_External_Action_Service_and_Specific_Provisions_on_the_Common_Foreign_and_Security_Policy" class="extiw" title="wikisource:Consolidated version of the Treaty on European Union/Title V: General Provisions on the Union's External Action Service and Specific Provisions on the Common Foreign and Security Policy">Treaty text on EEAS</a></b></div></div></div> </div> <ul><li><span class="official-website"><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.eeas.europa.eu/_en">Official website</a></span></span></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/user/euintheworld"><span class="plainlinks">EU in the World</span>'s channel</a> on <a href="/wiki/YouTube_user_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="YouTube user (identifier)">YouTube</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.eurotradeunion.eu">Web site of EEAS Trade Unions</a> <span class="languageicon">(in English and French)</span> mixed</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.iss.europa.eu/">European Union Institute for Security Studies</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160827225957/http://eu.data-list-search.com/">Search EU Financial Sanctions List</a></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHelwigIvanKostanyan2013" class="citation book cs1">Helwig, Niklas; Ivan, Paul; Kostanyan, Hrant (10 February 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ceps.eu/book/new-eu-foreign-policy-architecture-reviewing-first-two-years-eeas/"><i>The New EU Foreign Policy Architecture: Reviewing the first two years of the EEAS</i></a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <a href="/wiki/Centre_for_European_Policy_Studies" title="Centre for European Policy Studies">Centre for European Policy Studies</a> (CEPS).</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+New+EU+Foreign+Policy+Architecture%3A+Reviewing+the+first+two+years+of+the+EEAS&rft.pub=Centre+for+European+Policy+Studies+%28CEPS%29&rft.date=2013-02-10&rft.aulast=Helwig&rft.aufirst=Niklas&rft.au=Ivan%2C+Paul&rft.au=Kostanyan%2C+Hrant&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ceps.eu%2Fbook%2Fnew-eu-foreign-policy-architecture-reviewing-first-two-years-eeas%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEuropean+External+Action+Service" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow{padding:0.25em 1em;line-height:1.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group{white-space:nowrap;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{background-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list{line-height:1.5em;border-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list-with-group{text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid}.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-group,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-image,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-list{border-top:2px solid #fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title{background-color:#ccf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-title{background-color:#ddf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-abovebelow{background-color:#e6e6ff}.mw-parser-output .navbox-even{background-color:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Foreign_relations_of_the_European_Union" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible expanded navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Foreign_relations_of_the_European_Union" title="Template:Foreign relations of the European Union"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Foreign_relations_of_the_European_Union" title="Template talk:Foreign relations of the European Union"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Foreign_relations_of_the_European_Union" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Foreign relations of the European Union"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Foreign_relations_of_the_European_Union" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Foreign_relations_of_the_European_Union" title="Foreign relations of the European Union">Foreign relations of the European Union</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Bilateral_relations" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Bilateralism" title="Bilateralism">Bilateral</a> relations</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div id="See_also:_Economic_relationships_with_third_countries"><i>See also</i>: <a href="/wiki/Third-country_economic_relationships_with_the_European_Union" title="Third-country economic relationships with the European Union">Economic relationships with third countries</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Africa</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Algeria-European_Union_relations" class="mw-redirect" title="Algeria-European Union relations">Algeria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cape_Verde%E2%80%93European_Union_relations" title="Cape Verde–European Union relations">Cape Verde</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Egypt%E2%80%93European_Union_relations" title="Egypt–European Union relations">Egypt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Libya%E2%80%93European_Union_relations" title="Libya–European Union relations">Libya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Morocco%E2%80%93European_Union_relations" title="Morocco–European Union relations">Morocco</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Africa%E2%80%93European_Union_relations" title="South Africa–European Union relations">South Africa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/European_Union%E2%80%93Sudan_relations" title="European Union–Sudan relations">Sudan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tunisia%E2%80%93European_Union_relations" title="Tunisia–European Union relations">Tunisia</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Americas</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Argentina%E2%80%93European_Union_relations" title="Argentina–European Union relations">Argentina</a> <ul><li><small><a href="/wiki/Argentina_foreign_trade_relations_with_the_European_Union" title="Argentina foreign trade relations with the European Union">trade</a></small></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brazil%E2%80%93European_Union_relations" title="Brazil–European Union relations">Brazil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canada%E2%80%93European_Union_relations" title="Canada–European Union relations">Canada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Colombia%E2%80%93European_Union_relations" title="Colombia–European Union relations">Colombia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cuba%E2%80%93European_Union_relations" title="Cuba–European Union relations">Cuba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greenland_and_the_European_Union" title="Greenland and the European Union">Greenland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mexico%E2%80%93European_Union_relations" title="Mexico–European Union relations">Mexico</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/European_Union%E2%80%93Peru_relations" title="European Union–Peru relations">Peru</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States%E2%80%93European_Union_relations" class="mw-redirect" title="United States–European Union relations">United States</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uruguay%E2%80%93European_Union_relations" title="Uruguay–European Union relations">Uruguay</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Asia</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bahrain%E2%80%93European_Union_relations" title="Bahrain–European Union relations">Bahrain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bangladesh%E2%80%93European_Union_relations" title="Bangladesh–European Union relations">Bangladesh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/China%E2%80%93European_Union_relations" title="China–European Union relations">China</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/India%E2%80%93European_Union_relations" title="India–European Union relations">India</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indonesia%E2%80%93European_Union_relations" title="Indonesia–European Union relations">Indonesia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iran%E2%80%93European_Union_relations" title="Iran–European Union relations">Iran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iraq%E2%80%93European_Union_relations" title="Iraq–European Union relations">Iraq</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Israel%E2%80%93European_Union_relations" title="Israel–European Union relations">Israel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japan%E2%80%93European_Union_relations" title="Japan–European Union relations">Japan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jordan%E2%80%93European_Union_relations" title="Jordan–European Union relations">Jordan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kazakhstan%E2%80%93European_Union_relations" title="Kazakhstan–European Union relations">Kazakhstan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lebanon%E2%80%93European_Union_relations" title="Lebanon–European Union relations">Lebanon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malaysia%E2%80%93European_Union_relations" title="Malaysia–European Union relations">Malaysia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nepal%E2%80%93European_Union_relations" title="Nepal–European Union relations">Nepal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_Korea%E2%80%93European_Union_relations" title="North Korea–European Union relations">North Korea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pakistan%E2%80%93European_Union_relations" title="Pakistan–European Union relations">Pakistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palestine%E2%80%93European_Union_relations" title="Palestine–European Union relations">Palestine</a>†</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philippines%E2%80%93European_Union_relations" title="Philippines–European Union relations">Philippines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Korea%E2%80%93European_Union_relations" title="South Korea–European Union relations">South Korea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Syria%E2%80%93European_Union_relations" title="Syria–European Union relations">Syria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taiwan%E2%80%93European_Union_relations" title="Taiwan–European Union relations">Taiwan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vietnam%E2%80%93European_Union_relations" title="Vietnam–European Union relations">Vietnam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yemen%E2%80%93European_Union_relations" title="Yemen–European Union relations">Yemen</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Europe</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Accession_of_Albania_to_the_European_Union" title="Accession of Albania to the European Union">Albania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andorra%E2%80%93European_Union_relations" title="Andorra–European Union relations">Andorra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Armenia%E2%80%93European_Union_relations" title="Armenia–European Union relations">Armenia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Azerbaijan%E2%80%93European_Union_relations" title="Azerbaijan–European Union relations">Azerbaijan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Belarus%E2%80%93European_Union_relations" title="Belarus–European Union relations">Belarus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Accession_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina_to_the_European_Union" title="Accession of Bosnia and Herzegovina to the European Union">Bosnia and Herzegovina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Faroe_Islands_and_the_European_Union" title="Faroe Islands and the European Union">Faroe Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Georgia%E2%80%93European_Union_relations" title="Georgia–European Union relations">Georgia</a> <ul><li><small><a href="/wiki/Accession_of_Georgia_to_the_European_Union" title="Accession of Georgia to the European Union">Accession negotiations</a></small></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iceland%E2%80%93European_Union_relations" title="Iceland–European Union relations">Iceland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Accession_of_Kosovo_to_the_European_Union" title="Accession of Kosovo to the European Union">Kosovo</a>†</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liechtenstein%E2%80%93European_Union_relations" title="Liechtenstein–European Union relations">Liechtenstein</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moldova%E2%80%93European_Union_relations" title="Moldova–European Union relations">Moldova</a> <ul><li><small><a href="/wiki/Accession_of_Moldova_to_the_European_Union" title="Accession of Moldova to the European Union">Accession negotiations</a></small></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monaco%E2%80%93European_Union_relations" title="Monaco–European Union relations">Monaco</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Accession_of_Montenegro_to_the_European_Union" title="Accession of Montenegro to the European Union">Montenegro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Accession_of_North_Macedonia_to_the_European_Union" title="Accession of North Macedonia to the European Union">North Macedonia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northern_Cyprus_and_the_European_Union" class="mw-redirect" title="Northern Cyprus and the European Union">Northern Cyprus</a>†</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Norway%E2%80%93European_Union_relations" title="Norway–European Union relations">Norway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russia%E2%80%93European_Union_relations" title="Russia–European Union relations">Russia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/San_Marino%E2%80%93European_Union_relations" title="San Marino–European Union relations">San Marino</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Accession_of_Serbia_to_the_European_Union" title="Accession of Serbia to the European Union">Serbia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sovereign_Military_Order_of_Malta%E2%80%93European_Union_relations" title="Sovereign Military Order of Malta–European Union relations">Sovereign Military Order of Malta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Switzerland%E2%80%93European_Union_relations" title="Switzerland–European Union relations">Switzerland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/European_Union%E2%80%93Turkey_relations" title="European Union–Turkey relations">Turkey</a> <ul><li><small><a href="/wiki/Accession_of_Turkey_to_the_European_Union" title="Accession of Turkey to the European Union">Accession negotiations</a></small></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ukraine%E2%80%93European_Union_relations" title="Ukraine–European Union relations">Ukraine</a> <ul><li><small><a href="/wiki/Accession_of_Ukraine_to_the_European_Union" title="Accession of Ukraine to the European Union">Accession negotiations</a></small></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom%E2%80%93European_Union_relations" title="United Kingdom–European Union relations">United Kingdom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Holy_See%E2%80%93European_Union_relations" title="Holy See–European Union relations">Vatican City</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Oceania</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Australia%E2%80%93European_Union_relations" title="Australia–European Union relations">Australia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Micronesia%E2%80%93European_Union_relations" title="Micronesia–European Union relations">Micronesia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Zealand%E2%80%93European_Union_relations" title="New Zealand–European Union relations">New Zealand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Papua_New_Guinea%E2%80%93European_Union_relations" title="Papua New Guinea–European Union relations">Papua New Guinea</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Former</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Yugoslavia%E2%80%93European_Communities_relations" title="Yugoslavia–European Communities relations">Yugoslavia</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">General</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Special_member_state_territories_and_the_European_Union" class="mw-redirect" title="Special member state territories and the European Union">Overseas territories of member states</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Microstates_and_the_European_Union" title="Microstates and the European Union">European microstates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_the_largest_trading_partners_of_the_European_Union" title="List of the largest trading partners of the European Union">Largest trading partners</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/European_Union_Association_Agreement" title="European Union Association Agreement">Association Agreements</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/European_Union_free_trade_agreements" class="mw-redirect" title="European Union free trade agreements">Free trade agreements</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/European_Union_Sanctions" class="mw-redirect" title="European Union Sanctions">European Union Sanctions</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li>†= Disputed state, may not be recognised as an independent state by some or all European Union members.</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Multilateral_relations_and_initiatives" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Multilateralism" title="Multilateralism">Multilateral</a> relations and initiatives</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8.0em;padding:0.35em 1.0em; line-height:1.1em; ;">Organisations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Arab_League%E2%80%93European_Union_relations" title="Arab League–European Union relations">Arab League</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ASEAN%E2%80%93European_Union_relations" title="ASEAN–European Union relations">ASEAN</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Council_of_Europe%E2%80%93European_Union_relations" title="Council of Europe–European Union relations">Council of Europe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/European_Union_and_the_European_Convention_on_Human_Rights" title="European Union and the European Convention on Human Rights">ECHR</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/European_Union_and_the_G7" title="European Union and the G7">G7</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/European_Union_and_the_International_Criminal_Court" title="European Union and the International Criminal Court">ICC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Permanent_Observer_Mission_of_the_Organization_of_Islamic_Cooperation_to_the_European_Union" title="Permanent Observer Mission of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation to the European Union">IOC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/European_Union%E2%80%93Mercosur_relations" title="European Union–Mercosur relations">Mercosur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/European_Union%E2%80%93NATO_relations" title="European Union–NATO relations">NATO</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/European_Union_and_the_United_Nations" title="European Union and the United Nations">UN</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8.0em;padding:0.35em 1.0em; line-height:1.1em; ;">Initiatives</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/African,_Caribbean_and_Pacific_Group_of_States" class="mw-redirect" title="African, Caribbean and Pacific Group of States">African, Caribbean and Pacific Group of States</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Asia%E2%80%93Europe_Meeting" title="Asia–Europe Meeting">Asia–Europe Meeting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CARIFORUM" title="CARIFORUM">CARIFORUM</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/European_Union_Customs_Union" title="European Union Customs Union">Customs Union</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eastern_Partnership" title="Eastern Partnership">Eastern Partnership</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Energy_Community" title="Energy Community">Energy Community</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Euro-Latin_American_Parliamentary_Assembly" title="Euro-Latin American Parliamentary Assembly">Euro-Latin American Parliamentary Assembly</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/European_Common_Aviation_Area" title="European Common Aviation Area">European Common Aviation Area</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/European_Economic_Area" title="European Economic Area">European Economic Area</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Euro-Mediterranean_free_trade_area" title="Euro-Mediterranean free trade area">Euro-Mediterranean free trade area</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Euro-Mediterranean_Partnership" class="mw-redirect" title="Euro-Mediterranean Partnership">Euro-Mediterranean Partnership</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Euronest_Parliamentary_Assembly" title="Euronest Parliamentary Assembly">Euronest</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economic_Partnership_Agreements" title="Economic Partnership Agreements">Economic Partnership Agreements</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/EU_CBRN_Risk_Mitigation_CoE_Initiative" title="EU CBRN Risk Mitigation CoE Initiative">EU CBRN Risk Mitigation CoE Initiative</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/European_Neighbourhood_Policy" title="European Neighbourhood Policy">Neighbourhood Policy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northern_Dimension" title="Northern Dimension">Northern Dimension</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Union_for_the_Mediterranean" title="Union for the Mediterranean">Mediterranean Union</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stabilisation_and_Association_Process" title="Stabilisation and Association Process">Stabilisation and Association Process</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Administration_and_policies" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Administration and policies</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8.0em;padding:0.35em 1.0em; line-height:1.1em; ;"><a href="/wiki/Common_Foreign_and_Security_Policy" title="Common Foreign and Security Policy">Foreign and Security Policy</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/European_Union_Global_Strategy" title="European Union Global Strategy">Global Strategy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/European_Neighbourhood_Policy" title="European Neighbourhood Policy">Neighbourhood Policy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Enlargement_of_the_European_Union" title="Enlargement of the European Union">Enlargement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Common_Security_and_Defence_Policy" title="Common Security and Defence Policy">Security and Defence Policy</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8.0em;padding:0.35em 1.0em; line-height:1.1em; ;">Administration</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Humanitarian_Aid_and_Civil_Protection_Department" class="mw-redirect" title="Humanitarian Aid and Civil Protection Department">Humanitarian Aid and Civil Protection Department</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Directorate-General_for_International_Cooperation_and_Development" class="mw-redirect" title="Directorate-General for International Cooperation and Development">Directorate-General for International Cooperation and Development</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">External Action Service</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foreign_Affairs_Council" title="Foreign Affairs Council">Foreign Affairs Council</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/High_Representative_of_the_Union_for_Foreign_Affairs_and_Security_Policy" title="High Representative of the Union for Foreign Affairs and Security Policy">High Representative</a> <a href="/wiki/Josep_Borrell" title="Josep Borrell">Josep Borrell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/European_Parliament_Committee_on_Foreign_Affairs" title="European Parliament Committee on Foreign Affairs">Parliamentary Foreign Affairs Committee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foreign_Policy_Instruments_Service" class="mw-redirect" title="Foreign Policy Instruments Service">Foreign Policy Instruments Service</a></li> <li>Diplomatic missions <a href="/wiki/List_of_diplomatic_missions_of_the_European_Union" class="mw-redirect" title="List of diplomatic missions of the European Union">of the EU</a> (<a href="/wiki/Ambassadors_of_the_European_Union" class="mw-redirect" title="Ambassadors of the European Union">ambassadors</a>) / <a href="/wiki/List_of_diplomatic_missions_in_Belgium#Missions_to_the_European_Union" title="List of diplomatic missions in Belgium">to the EU</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/European_Union_Special_Representative" title="European Union Special Representative">Special Representatives</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8.0em;padding:0.35em 1.0em; line-height:1.1em; ;">Funding</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Instrument_for_Pre-Accession_Assistance" title="Instrument for Pre-Accession Assistance">Instrument for Pre-Accession Assistance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Global_Europe" class="mw-redirect" title="Global Europe">Global Europe</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0;;wide"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0;;wide"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Common_Security_and_Defence_Policy" title="Template:Common Security and Defence Policy"><abbr title="View this template" style="color:inherit">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Common_Security_and_Defence_Policy" title="Template talk:Common Security and Defence Policy"><abbr title="Discuss this template" style="color:inherit">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Common_Security_and_Defence_Policy" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Common Security and Defence Policy"><abbr title="Edit this template" style="color:inherit">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Common_Security_and_Defence_Policy_of_the_European_Union" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Common_Security_and_Defence_Policy" title="Common Security and Defence Policy">Common Security and Defence Policy</a> of the <a href="/wiki/European_Union" title="European Union">European Union</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">Leadership</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/High_Representative_of_the_Union_for_Foreign_Affairs_and_Security_Policy" title="High Representative of the Union for Foreign Affairs and Security Policy">High Representative</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Director_General_of_the_European_Union_Military_Staff" title="Director General of the European Union Military Staff">Director General of the Military Staff/Director of the Military Planning and Conduct Capability</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Director_of_the_Civilian_Planning_and_Conduct_Capability" title="Director of the Civilian Planning and Conduct Capability">Director of the Civilian Planning and Conduct Capability</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chairman_of_the_European_Union_Military_Committee" title="Chairman of the European Union Military Committee">Chairman of the Military Committee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/European_Council" title="European Council">European Council</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foreign_Affairs_Council" title="Foreign Affairs Council">Foreign Affairs Council</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/Structure_of_the_Common_Security_and_Defence_Policy" title="Structure of the Common Security and Defence Policy">Structure</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0;;wide"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><b><a class="mw-selflink selflink">External Action Service</a></b></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Command structure on the civilian/military strategic and operational levels (<a href="/wiki/Military_Planning_and_Conduct_Capability" title="Military Planning and Conduct Capability">Military Planning and Conduct Capability</a> within the <a href="/wiki/European_Union_Military_Staff" title="European Union Military Staff">Military Staff</a>, <a href="/wiki/Civilian_Planning_and_Conduct_Capability" title="Civilian Planning and Conduct Capability">Civilian Planning and Conduct Capability</a>, <a href="/wiki/Joint_Support_Coordination_Cell" title="Joint Support Coordination Cell">Joint Support Coordination Cell</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/European_Union_Intelligence_and_Situation_Centre" title="European Union Intelligence and Situation Centre">Intelligence and Situation Centre</a> (<a href="/wiki/Club_de_Berne" title="Club de Berne">Club de Berne</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crisis_Management_and_Planning_Directorate_(European_Union)" class="mw-redirect" title="Crisis Management and Planning Directorate (European Union)">Crisis Management and Planning Directorate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/European_Security_and_Defence_College" title="European Security and Defence College">Security & Defence College</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><b><a href="/wiki/Agencies_of_the_European_Union" title="Agencies of the European Union">Agencies</a></b></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/European_Defence_Agency" title="European Defence Agency">Defence Agency</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/European_Union_Institute_for_Security_Studies" title="European Union Institute for Security Studies">Institute for Security Studies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/European_Union_Satellite_Centre" title="European Union Satellite Centre">Satellite Centre</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><b><a href="/wiki/Foreign_Affairs_Council" title="Foreign Affairs Council">Council</a> preparatory bodies</b></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Committee_of_Permanent_Representatives" title="Committee of Permanent Representatives">Committee of Permanent Representatives</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Political_and_Security_Committee" title="Political and Security Committee">Political and Security Committee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Politico-Military_Group" title="Politico-Military Group">Politico-Military Group</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/European_Union_Military_Committee" title="European Union Military Committee">Military Committee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Committee_for_Civilian_Aspects_of_Crisis_Management" title="Committee for Civilian Aspects of Crisis Management">Committee for Civilian Aspects of Crisis Management</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><b><a href="/wiki/European_Commission" title="European Commission">European Commission</a> bodies</b></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Directorate-General_for_Defence_Industry_and_Space" title="Directorate-General for Defence Industry and Space">Directorate-General for Defence Industry and Space</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><b>Funding</b></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/European_Defence_Fund" title="European Defence Fund">Defence Fund</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">Policies</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/European_Security_Strategy" title="European Security Strategy">Security Strategy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Everything_but_Arms" title="Everything but Arms">Everything but Arms</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coordinated_Annual_Review_on_Defence" title="Coordinated Annual Review on Defence">Annual Review</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">Equipment</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Galileo_(satellite_navigation)" title="Galileo (satellite navigation)">Galileo navigation system</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/European_Secure_Software-defined_Radio" title="European Secure Software-defined Radio">Secure Software-defined Radio</a> (PESCO)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">Decorations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Common_Security_and_Defence_Policy_Service_Medal" title="Common Security and Defence Policy Service Medal">Service medal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Common_Security_and_Defence_Policy_Service_Medal" title="Common Security and Defence Policy Service Medal">Medal for Extraordinary Meritorious Service</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/European_Community_Monitor_Mission_Medal" title="European Community Monitor Mission Medal">Monitor mission medal</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Permanent_Structured_Cooperation" title="Permanent Structured Cooperation">Permanent Structured Cooperation</a> (PESCO)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Headline_Goal_2010" title="Headline Goal 2010">Headline Goal 2010</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_Erasmus" title="Military Erasmus">Military Erasmus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_Mobility" title="Military Mobility">Military Mobility</a> (PESCO)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joint_European_Union_Intelligence_School" title="Joint European Union Intelligence School">Intelligence School</a> (PESCO)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kortenberg_building" title="Kortenberg building">Kortenberg building</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/European_Union%E2%80%93NATO_relations" title="European Union–NATO relations">NATO relations</a> (<a href="/wiki/Berlin_Plus_agreement" title="Berlin Plus agreement">Berlin Plus agreement</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Joint_Declaration_on_EU-NATO_Cooperation&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Joint Declaration on EU-NATO Cooperation (page does not exist)">Joint Declaration</a>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="23x15px&#124;border_&#124;alt=European_Union&#124;link=European_Union_Administration_of_the_European_Commission" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:European_Commission_administration" title="Template:European Commission administration"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:European_Commission_administration" title="Template talk:European Commission administration"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:European_Commission_administration" title="Special:EditPage/Template:European Commission administration"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="23x15px&#124;border_&#124;alt=European_Union&#124;link=European_Union_Administration_of_the_European_Commission" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/European_Union" title="European Union"><img alt="European Union" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Flag_of_Europe.svg/23px-Flag_of_Europe.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Flag_of_Europe.svg/35px-Flag_of_Europe.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Flag_of_Europe.svg/45px-Flag_of_Europe.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="810" data-file-height="540" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/European_Civil_Service" title="European Civil Service">Administration of the</a> <a href="/wiki/European_Commission" title="European Commission">European Commission</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3"><div> <ul><li><span style="font-size:85%;"><i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://ec.europa.eu/dgs_en.htm">Table of European Commission Directorates-General and Services</a></i></span></li> <li>DG = <a href="/wiki/Directorate-General" title="Directorate-General">Directorate-General</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/European_Civil_Service" title="European Civil Service">Civil Service</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Directorate-General" title="Directorate-General">Directorates-General</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cabinet_(European_Commission)" title="Cabinet (European Commission)">Cabinets</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comitology" title="Comitology">Comitology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/European_Personnel_Selection_Office" title="European Personnel Selection Office">EPSO</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Civil_Service_Tribunal_(European_Union)" class="mw-redirect" title="Civil Service Tribunal (European Union)">Civil Service Tribunal</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="6" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/European_Commission" title="European Commission"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/European_flag_outside_the_Commission.jpg/100px-European_flag_outside_the_Commission.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="149" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/European_flag_outside_the_Commission.jpg/150px-European_flag_outside_the_Commission.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/European_flag_outside_the_Commission.jpg/200px-European_flag_outside_the_Commission.jpg 2x" data-file-width="686" data-file-height="1024" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Policy DGs</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Directorate-General_for_Agriculture_and_Rural_Development" title="Directorate-General for Agriculture and Rural Development">Agriculture and Rural Development</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Directorate-General_for_Climate_Action" title="Directorate-General for Climate Action">Climate Action</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Directorate_General_for_Communications_Networks,_Content_and_Technology" class="mw-redirect" title="Directorate General for Communications Networks, Content and Technology">Communications Networks, Content and Technology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Directorate-General_for_Competition" title="Directorate-General for Competition">Competition</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Directorate-General_for_Defence_Industry_and_Space" title="Directorate-General for Defence Industry and Space">Defence Industry and Space</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Directorate-General_for_Economic_and_Financial_Affairs" title="Directorate-General for Economic and Financial Affairs">Economic and Financial Affairs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Directorate-General_for_Education_and_Culture" class="mw-redirect" title="Directorate-General for Education and Culture">Education and Culture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Directorate-General_for_Employment,_Social_Affairs_and_Inclusion" title="Directorate-General for Employment, Social Affairs and Inclusion">Employment, Social Affairs and Equal Inclusion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Directorate-General_for_the_Internal_Market,_Industry,_Entrepreneurship_and_SMEs" class="mw-redirect" title="Directorate-General for the Internal Market, Industry, Entrepreneurship and SMEs">Internal Market, Industry, Entrepreneurship and SMEs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Directorate-General_for_Environment" class="mw-redirect" title="Directorate-General for Environment">Environment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Directorate-General_for_Health_and_Food_Safety" title="Directorate-General for Health and Food Safety">Health and Food Safety</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Directorate-General_for_Migration_and_Home_Affairs" title="Directorate-General for Migration and Home Affairs">Migration and Home Affairs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Directorate-General_for_Financial_Stability,_Financial_Services_and_Capital_Markets_Union" title="Directorate-General for Financial Stability, Financial Services and Capital Markets Union">Financial Stability, Financial Services and Capital Markets Union</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joint_Research_Centre" title="Joint Research Centre">Joint Research Centre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Directorate-General_for_Justice_and_Consumers" title="Directorate-General for Justice and Consumers">Justice and Consumers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Directorate-General_for_Maritime_Affairs_and_Fisheries" title="Directorate-General for Maritime Affairs and Fisheries">Maritime Affairs and Fisheries</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Directorate-General_for_Regional_and_Urban_Policy" title="Directorate-General for Regional and Urban Policy">Regional and Urban Policy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Directorate-General_for_Research_and_Innovation_(European_Commission)" class="mw-redirect" title="Directorate-General for Research and Innovation (European Commission)">Research and Innovation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Directorate-General_for_Taxation_and_Customs_Union" title="Directorate-General for Taxation and Customs Union">Taxation and Customs Union</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Directorate-General_for_Mobility_and_Transport" title="Directorate-General for Mobility and Transport">Mobility and Transport</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Directorate-General_for_Energy" title="Directorate-General for Energy">Energy</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">External DGs</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Service_for_Foreign_Policy_Instruments" title="Service for Foreign Policy Instruments">Service for Foreign Policy Instruments</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Directorate-General_for_Neighbourhood_and_Enlargement_Negotiations" title="Directorate-General for Neighbourhood and Enlargement Negotiations">Neighborhood and Enlargement Negotiations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Directorate-General_for_Trade" title="Directorate-General for Trade">Trade</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Directorate-General_for_International_Cooperation_and_Development" class="mw-redirect" title="Directorate-General for International Cooperation and Development">International Cooperation and Development</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Directorate-General_for_European_Civil_Protection_and_Humanitarian_Aid_Operations" title="Directorate-General for European Civil Protection and Humanitarian Aid Operations">European Civil Protection and Humanitarian Aid Operations</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/General_Services_in_the_European_Commission" title="General Services in the European Commission">General Services</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Directorate-General_for_Communication" title="Directorate-General for Communication">Communication</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eurostat" title="Eurostat">Eurostat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Health_Emergency_Preparedness_and_Response_Authority" title="Health Emergency Preparedness and Response Authority">HERA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/European_Anti-fraud_Office" class="mw-redirect" title="European Anti-fraud Office">OLAF</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Publications_Office_(European_Union)" class="mw-redirect" title="Publications Office (European Union)">Publications</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Secretariat-General_of_the_European_Commission" title="Secretariat-General of the European Commission">Secretariat-General</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Secretary-General_of_the_European_Commission" title="Secretary-General of the European Commission">Secretary-General</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Europe_by_Satellite" title="Europe by Satellite">Europe by Satellite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Structural_Reform_Support_Service" class="mw-redirect" title="Structural Reform Support Service">Structural Reform Support Service</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Internal_Services_in_the_European_Commission" title="Internal Services in the European Commission">Internal Services</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Directorate-General_for_Budget" title="Directorate-General for Budget">Budget</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/European_Political_Strategy_Centre" class="mw-redirect" title="European Political Strategy Centre">European Political Strategy Centre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Directorate-General_for_Digital_Services" title="Directorate-General for Digital Services">Digital Services</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/European_Commission_Data_Protection_Officer" title="European Commission Data Protection Officer">Data Protection Officer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Office_of_Infrastructure_and_Logistics" title="Office of Infrastructure and Logistics">Infrastructures and Logistics (Brussels & Luxembourg)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Internal_Audit_Service_(European_Commission)" title="Internal Audit Service (European Commission)">Internal Audit Service</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Directorate-General_for_Interpretation" title="Directorate-General for Interpretation">Interpretation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Directorate-General_for_Legal_Service" title="Directorate-General for Legal Service">Legal Service</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Office_for_administration_and_payment_of_individual_entitlements" title="Office for administration and payment of individual entitlements">PMO</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Directorate-General_for_Human_Resources_and_Security" title="Directorate-General for Human Resources and Security">Human Resources and Security</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Directorate-General_for_Translation" title="Directorate-General for Translation">Translation</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Buildings</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Berlaymont_building" title="Berlaymont building">Berlaymont</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Breydel_building" title="Breydel building">Breydel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charlemagne_building" title="Charlemagne building">Charlemagne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Convent_Van_Maerlant" title="Convent Van Maerlant">Convent Van Maerlant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Euroforum_building" title="Euroforum building">Euroforum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jean_Monnet_2_building" title="Jean Monnet 2 building">Jean Monnet 2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kirchberg_District_Centre" title="Kirchberg District Centre">Joseph Bech</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Madou_Plaza_Tower" title="Madou Plaza Tower">Madou Plaza Tower</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diplomatic_missions_of_the_European_Commission" class="mw-redirect" title="Diplomatic missions of the European Commission">Missions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Triangle_building" title="Triangle building">Triangle building</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3"><div> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="flag" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Flag_of_Europe.svg/16px-Flag_of_Europe.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Flag_of_Europe.svg/24px-Flag_of_Europe.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Flag_of_Europe.svg/32px-Flag_of_Europe.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="810" data-file-height="540" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:European_Union" title="Portal:European Union">European Union portal</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Quartet_on_the_Middle_East" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Quartet_on_the_Middle_East" title="Template:Quartet on the Middle East"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Quartet_on_the_Middle_East" title="Template talk:Quartet on the Middle East"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Quartet_on_the_Middle_East" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Quartet on the Middle East"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Quartet_on_the_Middle_East" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Quartet_on_the_Middle_East" title="Quartet on the Middle East">Quartet on the Middle East</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Negotiating parties</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Israel" title="Israel"><img alt="Israel" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Flag_of_Israel.svg/21px-Flag_of_Israel.svg.png" decoding="async" width="21" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Flag_of_Israel.svg/32px-Flag_of_Israel.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Flag_of_Israel.svg/41px-Flag_of_Israel.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1100" data-file-height="800" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Israel" title="Israel">Israel</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Palestinian_Authority" title="Palestinian Authority"><img alt="Palestinian Authority" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Flag_of_Palestine.svg/23px-Flag_of_Palestine.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Flag_of_Palestine.svg/35px-Flag_of_Palestine.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Flag_of_Palestine.svg/46px-Flag_of_Palestine.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Palestinian_National_Authority" class="mw-redirect" title="Palestinian National Authority">Palestinian Authority</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Diplomatic quartet</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/European_Union" title="European Union"><img alt="European Union" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Flag_of_Europe.svg/23px-Flag_of_Europe.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Flag_of_Europe.svg/35px-Flag_of_Europe.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Flag_of_Europe.svg/45px-Flag_of_Europe.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="810" data-file-height="540" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/European_Union" title="European Union">European Union</a> (<a href="/wiki/Josep_Borrell" title="Josep Borrell">Borrell</a>)</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Russia" title="Russia"><img alt="Russia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/45px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Russia" title="Russia">Russia</a> (<a href="/wiki/Sergey_Lavrov" title="Sergey Lavrov">Lavrov</a>)</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/United_Nations" title="United Nations"><img alt="United Nations" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/Flag_of_the_United_Nations.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_Nations.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/Flag_of_the_United_Nations.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_Nations.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/Flag_of_the_United_Nations.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_United_Nations.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/United_Nations" title="United Nations">United Nations</a> (<a href="/wiki/Ant%C3%B3nio_Guterres" title="António Guterres">Guterres</a>)</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States"><img alt="United States" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States</a> (<a href="/wiki/Antony_Blinken" title="Antony Blinken">Blinken</a>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Special Envoy</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Canada" title="Canada"><img alt="Canada" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/John_N._Clarke" title="John N. Clarke">John N. Clarke</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Associated organizations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Elections_Reform_Support_Group" title="Elections Reform Support Group">Elections Reform Support Group</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1038841319">.mw-parser-output .tooltip-dotted{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q672941#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q672941#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q672941#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">International</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://isni.org/isni/0000000122997700">ISNI</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/160817711">VIAF</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/1030341230">Germany</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/nb2010032919">United States</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb16688033k">France</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb16688033k">BnF data</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Evropská služba pro vnější činnost"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=kn20131209005&CON_LNG=ENG">Czech Republic</a></span></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://catalogo.bne.es/uhtbin/authoritybrowse.cgi?action=display&authority_id=XX4983087">Spain</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://olduli.nli.org.il/F/?func=find-b&local_base=NLX10&find_code=UID&request=987007340221705171">Israel</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.idref.fr/159306760">IdRef</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=European_External_Action_Service&oldid=1249153295">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=European_External_Action_Service&oldid=1249153295</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:European_External_Action_Service" title="Category:European External Action Service">European External Action Service</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Foreign_relations_of_the_European_Union" title="Category:Foreign relations of the European Union">Foreign relations of the European Union</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Foreign_affairs_ministries" title="Category:Foreign affairs ministries">Foreign affairs ministries</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Ministries_established_in_2010" title="Category:Ministries established in 2010">Ministries established in 2010</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Diplomatic_services" title="Category:Diplomatic services">Diplomatic services</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Hidden categories: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Pages_using_gadget_WikiMiniAtlas" title="Category:Pages using gadget WikiMiniAtlas">Pages using gadget WikiMiniAtlas</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Webarchive_template_wayback_links" title="Category:Webarchive template wayback links">Webarchive template wayback links</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:All_articles_with_dead_external_links" title="Category:All articles with dead external links">All articles with dead external links</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_dead_external_links_from_November_2022" title="Category:Articles with dead external links from November 2022">Articles with dead external links from November 2022</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_permanently_dead_external_links" title="Category:Articles with permanently dead external links">Articles with permanently dead external links</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description" title="Category:Articles with short description">Articles with short description</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Short_description_is_different_from_Wikidata" title="Category:Short description is different from Wikidata">Short description is different from Wikidata</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:EngvarB_from_May_2013" title="Category:EngvarB from May 2013">EngvarB from May 2013</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Use_dmy_dates_from_November_2022" title="Category:Use dmy dates from November 2022">Use dmy dates from November 2022</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_containing_Bulgarian-language_text" title="Category:Articles containing Bulgarian-language text">Articles containing Bulgarian-language text</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_containing_Croatian-language_text" title="Category:Articles containing Croatian-language text">Articles containing Croatian-language text</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_containing_Czech-language_text" title="Category:Articles containing Czech-language text">Articles containing Czech-language text</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_containing_Danish-language_text" title="Category:Articles containing Danish-language text">Articles containing Danish-language text</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_containing_Dutch-language_text" title="Category:Articles containing Dutch-language text">Articles containing Dutch-language text</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_containing_Estonian-language_text" title="Category:Articles containing Estonian-language text">Articles containing Estonian-language text</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_containing_Finnish-language_text" title="Category:Articles containing Finnish-language text">Articles containing Finnish-language text</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_containing_French-language_text" title="Category:Articles containing French-language text">Articles containing French-language text</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_containing_German-language_text" title="Category:Articles containing German-language text">Articles containing German-language text</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_containing_Greek-language_text" title="Category:Articles containing Greek-language text">Articles containing Greek-language text</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_containing_Hungarian-language_text" title="Category:Articles containing Hungarian-language text">Articles containing Hungarian-language text</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_containing_Irish-language_text" title="Category:Articles containing Irish-language text">Articles containing Irish-language text</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_containing_Italian-language_text" title="Category:Articles containing Italian-language text">Articles containing Italian-language text</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_containing_Latvian-language_text" title="Category:Articles containing Latvian-language text">Articles containing Latvian-language text</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_containing_Lithuanian-language_text" title="Category:Articles containing Lithuanian-language text">Articles containing Lithuanian-language text</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_containing_Maltese-language_text" title="Category:Articles containing Maltese-language text">Articles containing Maltese-language text</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_containing_Polish-language_text" title="Category:Articles containing Polish-language text">Articles containing Polish-language text</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_containing_Portuguese-language_text" title="Category:Articles containing Portuguese-language text">Articles containing Portuguese-language text</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_containing_Romanian-language_text" title="Category:Articles containing Romanian-language text">Articles containing Romanian-language text</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_containing_Slovak-language_text" title="Category:Articles containing Slovak-language text">Articles containing Slovak-language text</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_containing_Slovene-language_text" title="Category:Articles containing Slovene-language text">Articles containing Slovene-language text</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_containing_Spanish-language_text" title="Category:Articles containing Spanish-language text">Articles containing Spanish-language text</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_containing_Swedish-language_text" title="Category:Articles containing Swedish-language text">Articles containing Swedish-language text</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Commons_category_link_from_Wikidata" title="Category:Commons category link from Wikidata">Commons category link from Wikidata</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Official_website_different_in_Wikidata_and_Wikipedia" title="Category:Official website different in Wikidata and Wikipedia">Official website different in Wikidata and Wikipedia</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_French-language_sources_(fr)" title="Category:Articles with French-language sources (fr)">Articles with French-language sources (fr)</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> This page was last edited on 3 October 2024, at 14:00<span class="anonymous-show"> (UTC)</span>.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Text is available under the <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Text_of_the_Creative_Commons_Attribution-ShareAlike_4.0_International_License" title="Wikipedia:Text of the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License">Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License</a>; additional terms may apply. By using this site, you agree to the <a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Terms_of_Use" class="extiw" title="foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Terms of Use">Terms of Use</a> and <a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy" class="extiw" title="foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy policy">Privacy Policy</a>. Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/">Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.</a>, a non-profit organization.</li> </ul> <ul id="footer-places"> <li id="footer-places-privacy"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy">Privacy policy</a></li> <li id="footer-places-about"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:About">About Wikipedia</a></li> <li id="footer-places-disclaimers"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:General_disclaimer">Disclaimers</a></li> <li id="footer-places-contact"><a href="//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Contact_us">Contact Wikipedia</a></li> <li id="footer-places-wm-codeofconduct"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Universal_Code_of_Conduct">Code of Conduct</a></li> <li id="footer-places-developers"><a href="https://developer.wikimedia.org">Developers</a></li> <li id="footer-places-statslink"><a href="https://stats.wikimedia.org/#/en.wikipedia.org">Statistics</a></li> <li id="footer-places-cookiestatement"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Cookie_statement">Cookie statement</a></li> <li id="footer-places-mobileview"><a href="//en.m.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=European_External_Action_Service&mobileaction=toggle_view_mobile" class="noprint stopMobileRedirectToggle">Mobile view</a></li> </ul> <ul id="footer-icons" class="noprint"> <li id="footer-copyrightico"><a href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/static/images/footer/wikimedia-button.svg" width="84" height="29" alt="Wikimedia Foundation" loading="lazy"></a></li> <li id="footer-poweredbyico"><a href="https://www.mediawiki.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/w/resources/assets/poweredby_mediawiki.svg" alt="Powered by MediaWiki" width="88" height="31" loading="lazy"></a></li> </ul> </footer> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-settings" id="p-dock-bottom"> <ul></ul> </div><script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.config.set({"wgHostname":"mw-web.codfw.main-76dfdc59c8-28mnf","wgBackendResponseTime":183,"wgPageParseReport":{"limitreport":{"cputime":"1.591","walltime":"2.111","ppvisitednodes":{"value":30688,"limit":1000000},"postexpandincludesize":{"value":631736,"limit":2097152},"templateargumentsize":{"value":58211,"limit":2097152},"expansiondepth":{"value":20,"limit":100},"expensivefunctioncount":{"value":40,"limit":500},"unstrip-depth":{"value":1,"limit":20},"unstrip-size":{"value":156073,"limit":5000000},"entityaccesscount":{"value":1,"limit":400},"timingprofile":["100.00% 1590.353 1 -total"," 38.78% 616.810 1 Template:Politics_of_the_European_Union"," 38.54% 612.949 1 Template:Sidebar_with_collapsible_lists"," 18.23% 289.921 128 Template:Flag_icon"," 18.12% 288.096 2 Template:Infobox"," 17.36% 276.057 1 Template:Infobox_government_agency"," 14.42% 229.304 1 Template:Reflist"," 10.77% 171.243 90 Template:Flaglist"," 8.61% 136.858 1 Template:Br_separated_entries"," 8.52% 135.541 2 Template:Bulleted_list"]},"scribunto":{"limitreport-timeusage":{"value":"0.657","limit":"10.000"},"limitreport-memusage":{"value":15177951,"limit":52428800},"limitreport-logs":"table#1 {\n [\"size\"] = \"medium\",\n}\ntable#1 {\n [\"size\"] = \"tiny\",\n}\n"},"cachereport":{"origin":"mw-web.codfw.main-6b7f745dd4-bbsvm","timestamp":"20241125143710","ttl":2592000,"transientcontent":false}}});});</script> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@type":"Article","name":"European External Action Service","url":"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/European_External_Action_Service","sameAs":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q672941","mainEntity":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q672941","author":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Contributors to Wikimedia projects"},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"https:\/\/www.wikimedia.org\/static\/images\/wmf-hor-googpub.png"}},"datePublished":"2008-06-04T14:41:36Z","dateModified":"2024-10-03T14:00:20Z","image":"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/a\/ad\/Insignia_of_the_European_External_Action_Service.svg","headline":"diplomatic service of the European Union"}</script> </body> </html>