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<span>Types</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Types-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Types subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Types-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Objects" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Objects"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Objects</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Objects-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Interior_design" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Interior_design"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>Interior design</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Interior_design-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Graphic_design,_typography,_and_packaging" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Graphic_design,_typography,_and_packaging"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3</span> <span>Graphic design, typography, and packaging</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Graphic_design,_typography,_and_packaging-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Fashion_design" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Fashion_design"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.4</span> <span>Fashion design</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Fashion_design-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Retro_art" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Retro_art"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.5</span> <span>Retro art</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Retro_art-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Media_and_culture" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Media_and_culture"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.6</span> <span>Media and culture</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Media_and_culture-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Film,_music,_fashion,_and_television" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Film,_music,_fashion,_and_television"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.6.1</span> <span>Film, music, fashion, and television</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Film,_music,_fashion,_and_television-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Retrogaming" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Retrogaming"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.6.2</span> <span>Retrogaming</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Retrogaming-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Aircraft" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Aircraft"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.7</span> <span>Aircraft</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Aircraft-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-By_country_and_era" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#By_country_and_era"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.8</span> <span>By country and era</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-By_country_and_era-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-References-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle References subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Bibliography" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bibliography"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span>Bibliography</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bibliography-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Retro style</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 28 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-28" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">28 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%86%D9%85%D8%B7_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B1%D8%AC%D8%B9%D9%8A%D8%A9" title="نمط الرجعية – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="نمط الرجعية" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Retro" title="Retro – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Retro" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Retro" title="Retro – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Retro" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Retro" title="Retro – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Retro" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Retro" title="Retro – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Retro" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Retro" title="Retro – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Retro" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Estilo_retro" title="Estilo retro – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Estilo retro" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D8%A8%DA%A9_%D8%B1%D8%AA%D8%B1%D9%88" title="سبک رترو – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="سبک رترو" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/R%C3%A9tro_(style)" title="Rétro (style) – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Rétro (style)" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%B3%B5%EA%B3%A0%ED%92%8D" title="복고풍 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="복고풍" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%8C%D5%A5%D5%BF%D6%80%D5%B8_%D5%B8%D5%B3" title="Ռետրո ոճ – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Ռետրո ոճ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%9F%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8B" title="रेट्रो – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="रेट्रो" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gaya_retro" title="Gaya retro – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Gaya retro" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stile_r%C3%A9tro" title="Stile rétro – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Stile rétro" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A8%D7%98%D7%A8%D7%95" title="רטרו – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="רטרו" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Retro" title="Retro – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Retro" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%AC%E3%83%88%E3%83%AD" title="レトロ – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="レトロ" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Retro" title="Retro – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Retro" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Retro" title="Retro – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Retro" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Retr%C3%B4" title="Retrô – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Retrô" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE" title="Ретро – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Ретро" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Retro" title="Retro – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Retro" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Retro" title="Retro – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Retro" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Retro" title="Retro – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Retro" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Retro" title="Retro – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Retro" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE" title="Ретро – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Ретро" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ph%E1%BB%A5c_c%E1%BB%95" title="Phục cổ – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Phục cổ" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%A4%8D%E5%8F%A4%E9%A3%8E%E6%A0%BC" title="复古风格 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="复古风格" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q1054537#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div 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srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/75px-Question_book-new.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/100px-Question_book-new.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="399" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This article <b>needs additional citations for <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">verification</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help <a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Retro_style" title="Special:EditPage/Retro style">improve this article</a> by <a href="/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners" title="Help:Referencing for beginners">adding citations to reliable sources</a>. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.<br /><small><span class="plainlinks"><i>Find sources:</i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?as_eq=wikipedia&q=%22Retro+style%22">"Retro style"</a> – <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbm=nws&q=%22Retro+style%22+-wikipedia&tbs=ar:1">news</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?&q=%22Retro+style%22&tbs=bkt:s&tbm=bks">newspapers</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbs=bks:1&q=%22Retro+style%22+-wikipedia">books</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=%22Retro+style%22">scholar</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/action/doBasicSearch?Query=%22Retro+style%22&acc=on&wc=on">JSTOR</a></span></small></span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">November 2024</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Historically derivative styles</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">"Retro" redirects here. For other uses, see <a href="/wiki/Retro_(disambiguation)" class="mw-disambig" title="Retro (disambiguation)">Retro (disambiguation)</a>.</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237032888/mw-parser-output/.tmulti">.mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner{display:flex;flex-direction:column}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow{display:flex;flex-direction:row;clear:left;flex-wrap:wrap;width:100%;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle{margin:1px;float:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .theader{clear:both;font-weight:bold;text-align:center;align-self:center;background-color:transparent;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbcaption{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-left{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-right{text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-center{text-align:center}@media all and (max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbinner{width:100%!important;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:none!important;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow{justify-content:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle{float:none!important;max-width:100%!important;box-sizing:border-box;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle .thumbcaption{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow>.thumbcaption{text-align:center}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner img{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner img{background-color:white}}</style><div class="thumb tmulti tright"><div class="thumbinner multiimageinner" style="width:242px;max-width:242px"><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:240px;max-width:240px"><div class="thumbimage" style="height:178px;overflow:hidden"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:GrupoTweedRun.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/GrupoTweedRun.jpg/238px-GrupoTweedRun.jpg" decoding="async" width="238" height="179" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/GrupoTweedRun.jpg/357px-GrupoTweedRun.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/GrupoTweedRun.jpg/476px-GrupoTweedRun.jpg 2x" data-file-width="960" data-file-height="720" /></a></span></div></div></div><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:240px;max-width:240px"><div class="thumbimage" style="height:158px;overflow:hidden"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Mini_F56_2019-02-02.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Mini_F56_2019-02-02.jpg/238px-Mini_F56_2019-02-02.jpg" decoding="async" width="238" height="159" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Mini_F56_2019-02-02.jpg/357px-Mini_F56_2019-02-02.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Mini_F56_2019-02-02.jpg/476px-Mini_F56_2019-02-02.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5184" data-file-height="3456" /></a></span></div></div></div><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:240px;max-width:240px"><div class="thumbimage" style="height:159px;overflow:hidden"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Tweed_run_20130413_223_-_Copy.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Tweed_run_20130413_223_-_Copy.jpg/238px-Tweed_run_20130413_223_-_Copy.jpg" decoding="async" width="238" height="159" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Tweed_run_20130413_223_-_Copy.jpg/357px-Tweed_run_20130413_223_-_Copy.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Tweed_run_20130413_223_-_Copy.jpg/476px-Tweed_run_20130413_223_-_Copy.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2644" data-file-height="1770" /></a></span></div></div></div><div class="trow" style="display:flex"><div class="thumbcaption">Retro clothing style, new Mini with old styling, retro transport (replica <a href="/wiki/Penny_farthing" class="mw-redirect" title="Penny farthing">penny farthing</a> bicycles)</div></div></div></div> <p><b>Retro style</b> is imitative or consciously derivative of lifestyles, trends, or art forms from the past, including in music, modes, fashions, or attitudes. In <a href="/wiki/Popular_culture" title="Popular culture">popular culture</a>, the "<a href="/wiki/Nostalgia" title="Nostalgia">nostalgia</a> cycle" is typically for the two decades that begin 20–30 years ago.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Definition">Definition</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Retro_style&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Definition"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The term <i>retro</i> has been in use since 1972 to describe<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> on the one hand, new artifacts that self-consciously refer to particular modes, motifs, techniques, and materials of the past.<sup id="cite_ref-dermody7_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-dermody7-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> But on the other hand, many people use the term to categorize styles that have been created in the past.<sup id="cite_ref-baker622_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-baker622-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Retro style refers to new things that display characteristics of the past. Unlike the <a href="/wiki/Historicism_(art)" title="Historicism (art)">historicism</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Romanticism" title="Romanticism">Romantic generations</a>, it is mostly the recent past that retro seeks to recapitulate, focusing on the products, fashions, and artistic styles produced since the Industrial Revolution, the successive styles of <a href="/wiki/Modernity" title="Modernity">Modernity</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The English word <i>retro</i> derives from the <a href="/wiki/Latin" title="Latin">Latin</a> prefix <i>retro</i>, meaning backwards, or in past times. </p><p>In France, the word <i>rétro</i>, an abbreviation for <i>rétrospectif</i>,<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> gained cultural currency with reevaluations of <a href="/wiki/Charles_de_Gaulle" title="Charles de Gaulle">Charles de Gaulle</a> and France's role in <a href="/wiki/World_War_II" title="World War II">World War II</a>. The French <i>mode rétro</i> of the 1970s reappraised in film and novels the conduct of French civilians during the Nazi occupation. The term <i>rétro</i> was soon applied to nostalgic French fashions that recalled the same period.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Shortly thereafter <i>retro</i> was introduced into English by the fashion and culture press, where it suggests a rather cynical revival of older but relatively recent fashions.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In <i>Simulacra and Simulation</i>, French theorist <a href="/wiki/Jean_Baudrillard" title="Jean Baudrillard">Jean Baudrillard</a> describes <i>retro</i> as a demythologization of the past, distancing the present from the big ideas that drove the modern age.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Most commonly <i>retro</i> is used to describe <a href="/wiki/Object_(philosophy)" class="mw-redirect" title="Object (philosophy)">objects</a> and attitudes from the recent past that never seem modern.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It suggests a fundamental shift in the way we relate to the past. Different from more traditional forms of revivalism, "retro" suggests a half ironic, half longing consideration of the recent past; it has been called an "unsentimental nostalgia",<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> recalling modern forms that are no longer current. The concept of <a href="/wiki/Nostalgia" title="Nostalgia">nostalgia</a> is linked to retro, but the bittersweet desire for things, persons, and situations of the past has an ironic stance in retro style. Retro shows nostalgia with a dose of cynicism and detachment.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The desire to capture something from the past and evoke nostalgia is fuelled by dissatisfaction with the present.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Types">Types</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Retro_style&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Types"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Fiat_500_front_20100816.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/Fiat_500_front_20100816.jpg/220px-Fiat_500_front_20100816.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="157" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/Fiat_500_front_20100816.jpg/330px-Fiat_500_front_20100816.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/Fiat_500_front_20100816.jpg/440px-Fiat_500_front_20100816.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2168" data-file-height="1552" /></a><figcaption>Modern Fiat 500</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Mitsuoka_Ryugi_HYBRID_(E165)_front.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Mitsuoka_Ryugi_HYBRID_%28E165%29_front.JPG/220px-Mitsuoka_Ryugi_HYBRID_%28E165%29_front.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Mitsuoka_Ryugi_HYBRID_%28E165%29_front.JPG/330px-Mitsuoka_Ryugi_HYBRID_%28E165%29_front.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Mitsuoka_Ryugi_HYBRID_%28E165%29_front.JPG/440px-Mitsuoka_Ryugi_HYBRID_%28E165%29_front.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2560" data-file-height="1918" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Mitsuoka" title="Mitsuoka">Mitsuoka</a> Motor Ryugi <a href="/wiki/Hybrid_vehicle" title="Hybrid vehicle">hybrid</a> (E165)</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Roberts_Revival_Radio.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7b/Roberts_Revival_Radio.jpg/220px-Roberts_Revival_Radio.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="148" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7b/Roberts_Revival_Radio.jpg/330px-Roberts_Revival_Radio.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7b/Roberts_Revival_Radio.jpg/440px-Roberts_Revival_Radio.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2688" data-file-height="1813" /></a><figcaption>Modern Roberts Revival radio based on 1960s design</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:%D0%A0%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE-%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%85%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%B2_%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%BA%D0%B5_%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%8C%D1%91%D0%B2%D1%89%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6b/%D0%A0%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE-%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%85%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%B2_%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%BA%D0%B5_%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%8C%D1%91%D0%B2%D1%89%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0.jpg/220px-%D0%A0%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE-%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%85%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%B2_%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%BA%D0%B5_%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%8C%D1%91%D0%B2%D1%89%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="146" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6b/%D0%A0%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE-%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%85%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%B2_%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%BA%D0%B5_%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%8C%D1%91%D0%B2%D1%89%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0.jpg/330px-%D0%A0%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE-%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%85%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%B2_%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%BA%D0%B5_%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%8C%D1%91%D0%B2%D1%89%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6b/%D0%A0%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE-%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%85%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%B2_%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%BA%D0%B5_%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%8C%D1%91%D0%B2%D1%89%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0.jpg/440px-%D0%A0%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE-%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%85%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%B2_%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%BA%D0%B5_%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%8C%D1%91%D0%B2%D1%89%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4256" data-file-height="2832" /></a><figcaption>Retro technics (radios, TVs)</figcaption></figure> <p>Since the 1980s the implications of the word <i>retro</i> have been expanding<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> in the application to different mediums. Several fields have adopted the term from the design field. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Objects">Objects</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Retro_style&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Objects"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Until the 1960s, interiors were often decorated with <a href="/wiki/Antique" title="Antique">antiques</a>. During the 1960s in London, shops started selling pieces of second-hand furniture. These shops differed from the previous antique shops because they sold daily life objects from the recent past. These objects used to be seen as junk: Victorian enamel signs, stuffed bears, old furniture painted with union jacks, bowler hats etc. A new way of producing and consuming the past emerged and a broader range of objects from the recent past was used for new designs.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Before the word <i>retro</i> came into use in the 1970s, the practice of adopting old styles for new designs was already common. Throughout the 19th and 20th centuries, designers borrowed from the past, for example, classicistic style.<sup id="cite_ref-dermody7_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-dermody7-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The difference is that since the 1960s, people started to refer to the recent past. </p><p>In the 1980s, design history emerged as a discipline and several histories of design were published. The access to these overviews and the ability to experiment with computer design programs has caused an increase of retro designed objects in the last decades.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Interior_design">Interior design</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Retro_style&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Interior design"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Poland._Gmina_Raszyn._Janki_004.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/Poland._Gmina_Raszyn._Janki_004.JPG/220px-Poland._Gmina_Raszyn._Janki_004.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/Poland._Gmina_Raszyn._Janki_004.JPG/330px-Poland._Gmina_Raszyn._Janki_004.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/Poland._Gmina_Raszyn._Janki_004.JPG/440px-Poland._Gmina_Raszyn._Janki_004.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2592" data-file-height="1944" /></a><figcaption>Retro lamp by <a href="/wiki/IKEA" title="IKEA">IKEA</a>, referring to the 1970s</figcaption></figure> <p><a href="/wiki/Interior_design" title="Interior design">Interior design</a> magazines often show retro style as an interior decoration of mixed styles and objects from the past, second hand and new. For example, 1970s patterned wallpapers, combined with second-hand furniture also from the 1970s, the 1960s, or 1950s. The value of old artifacts has increased, because the objects used to be considered old-fashioned and every day.<sup id="cite_ref-baker622_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-baker622-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In this case ‘retro’ indicates a value, which is also partly why today's retailers produce new objects in an old style. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Graphic_design,_typography,_and_packaging"><span id="Graphic_design.2C_typography.2C_and_packaging"></span>Graphic design, typography, and packaging</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Retro_style&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Graphic design, typography, and packaging"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Long before the use of the word <i>retro</i>, <a href="/wiki/Graphic_design" title="Graphic design">graphic design</a> made reference to earlier graphic characteristics. <a href="/wiki/William_Morris" title="William Morris">William Morris</a> can be seen as an example: for book design and other purposes he adopted Medieval production and stylistic models in 1891.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Furthermore, in the beginning of the twentieth century, Gothic, Baroque and Rococo motifs were used for new products.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In <a href="/wiki/Typography" title="Typography">typography</a>, <a href="/wiki/Classicism" title="Classicism">classicism</a> has always been an influence and throughout the 20th century, and in early woodcut printing as well. The introduction of the technique of photocomposition in the 1960s allowed typographers greater flexibility in the selection and arrangement of type styles and sizes. For example, psychedelic typefaces were developed, gaining inspiration from Art Nouveau and other cultures.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Historicist styles are also used in the promotion and <a href="/wiki/Packaging_and_labeling" class="mw-redirect" title="Packaging and labeling">packaging</a> of food and household products, referring to childhood memories and domestic nostalgic ideals.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In logo designing, retro logos<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> have been highlighted. Brands have incorporated retro logo designs to highlight their brand's voice and message: clean, classic, and reminiscent of the recent past. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Fashion_design">Fashion design</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Retro_style&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Fashion design"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Karlie_Kloss_at_Anna_Sui_2011.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/Karlie_Kloss_at_Anna_Sui_2011.jpg/220px-Karlie_Kloss_at_Anna_Sui_2011.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="212" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/Karlie_Kloss_at_Anna_Sui_2011.jpg/330px-Karlie_Kloss_at_Anna_Sui_2011.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/Karlie_Kloss_at_Anna_Sui_2011.jpg/440px-Karlie_Kloss_at_Anna_Sui_2011.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1582" data-file-height="1527" /></a><figcaption>A 1940s retro-style dress with turban, designed in a modern electric blue, modeled by <a href="/wiki/Karlie_Kloss" title="Karlie Kloss">Karlie Kloss</a> at a 2011 <a href="/wiki/Anna_Sui" title="Anna Sui">Anna Sui</a> show</figcaption></figure> <p>In the 2000s and 2010s, there was a revival of pastel and neon colors, stereotypically associated with 1980s and early 1990s fashion (with the 1980s pastel revival being a rebirth of a 1950s trend). Also at this time, late 1980s-style high-waisted <a href="/wiki/Mom_jeans" title="Mom jeans">mom jeans</a> made a comeback with female <a href="/wiki/Hipster_(contemporary_subculture)" title="Hipster (contemporary subculture)">hipsters</a>. In the 2010s and 2020s, 1990s fashion has made a comeback: many of the fabrics and patterns ubiquitous in that decade (such as crushed velvet and floral) are popular now, and <a href="/wiki/Dr._Martens" title="Dr. Martens">Dr. Martens</a>, a shoe brand popular in the 1990s, also made a strong comeback in the early 2010s, as 2011–12 was the British company's best-selling season of all time.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Retro_art">Retro art</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Retro_style&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Retro art"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:CAP_On_the_Air_Force_Team_poster.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/CAP_On_the_Air_Force_Team_poster.jpg/220px-CAP_On_the_Air_Force_Team_poster.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="173" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/CAP_On_the_Air_Force_Team_poster.jpg/330px-CAP_On_the_Air_Force_Team_poster.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/CAP_On_the_Air_Force_Team_poster.jpg/440px-CAP_On_the_Air_Force_Team_poster.jpg 2x" data-file-width="611" data-file-height="480" /></a><figcaption>A 1950s-era poster in pop-art style, on which retro art is based.</figcaption></figure> <p>The style now called <b>retro art</b> is a genre of <a href="/wiki/Pop_art" title="Pop art">pop art</a> which was developed from the 1940s to 1960s, in response to a need for bold, eye-catching graphics that were easy to reproduce on simple <a href="/wiki/Printing_press" title="Printing press">presses</a> available at the time in major centres. Retro advertising art has experienced a resurgence in popularity since its style is distinctive from modern computer-generated styling. Contemporary artist <a href="/wiki/Anne_Taintor" title="Anne Taintor">Anne Taintor</a> uses retro advertising art as the centerpiece for her ongoing commentary on the modern woman. Specific styling features include analog machine design and vintage <a href="/wiki/Television_program" class="mw-redirect" title="Television program">television programs</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>A famous example of a retro pop-art character is the more generalized form of the <a href="/wiki/Ward_Cleaver" title="Ward Cleaver">Ward Cleaver</a>-styled <a href="/wiki/J._R._%22Bob%22_Dobbs" title="J. R. "Bob" Dobbs">J. R. "Bob" Dobbs</a>-esque icon which has been widely played off, copied, and parodied. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Media_and_culture">Media and culture</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Retro_style&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Media and culture"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Film,_music,_fashion,_and_television"><span id="Film.2C_music.2C_fashion.2C_and_television"></span>Film, music, fashion, and television</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Retro_style&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Film, music, fashion, and television"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Foreshadowed by the <a href="/wiki/Mothers_of_Invention" class="mw-redirect" title="Mothers of Invention">Mothers of Invention</a> album <a href="/wiki/Cruising_with_Ruben_%26_the_Jets" title="Cruising with Ruben & the Jets">Cruising with Ruben & the Jets</a> in 1968, and the revival and parody group <a href="/wiki/Sha_Na_Na" title="Sha Na Na">Sha Na Na</a> in 1969, the 1970s and 1980s brought about a 1950s–early 1960s revival with films and television shows such as <i><a href="/wiki/American_Graffiti" title="American Graffiti">American Graffiti</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/M*A*S*H_(TV_series)" title="M*A*S*H (TV series)">M*A*S*H</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Grease_(film)" title="Grease (film)">Grease</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Happy_Days" title="Happy Days">Happy Days</a></i> and <i><a href="/wiki/Peggy_Sue_Got_Married" title="Peggy Sue Got Married">Peggy Sue Got Married</a></i> set in this time period.<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Retrogaming">Retrogaming</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Retro_style&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Retrogaming"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Retrogaming" title="Retrogaming">Retrogaming</a></div> <p>Retrogaming is a pastime which is becoming increasingly popular where individuals play <a href="/wiki/Video_game" title="Video game">video games</a> on <a href="/wiki/Vintage_computer" title="Vintage computer">vintage computers</a> or a classic game <a href="/wiki/Video_game_console" title="Video game console">consoles</a>. What constitutes a vintage or retro machine is sometimes open to debate, but typically, most retro gamers are interested in <a href="/wiki/Commodore_64" title="Commodore 64">Commodore 64</a>, <a href="/wiki/Amiga_500" title="Amiga 500">Amiga 500</a>, <a href="/wiki/Atari_2600" title="Atari 2600">Atari 2600</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nintendo_Entertainment_System" title="Nintendo Entertainment System">NES</a>/Family Computer, <a href="/wiki/Sega_Genesis" title="Sega Genesis">Sega Genesis/Mega Drive</a>, <a href="/wiki/PlayStation_(console)" title="PlayStation (console)">PlayStation</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nintendo_64" title="Nintendo 64">Nintendo 64</a>, <a href="/wiki/Dreamcast" title="Dreamcast">Dreamcast</a>, <a href="/wiki/Super_Nintendo_Entertainment_System" title="Super Nintendo Entertainment System">SNES</a>/Super Famicom, and classic <a href="/wiki/Game_Boy" title="Game Boy">Game Boy</a> games and consoles. <a href="/wiki/Console_emulation" class="mw-redirect" title="Console emulation">Emulation</a> often plays a part in retrogaming if the original hardware is unavailable. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Aircraft">Aircraft</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Retro_style&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Aircraft"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Qantas_Boeing_737-800_(VH-XZP)_retrojet.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/Qantas_Boeing_737-800_%28VH-XZP%29_retrojet.jpg/220px-Qantas_Boeing_737-800_%28VH-XZP%29_retrojet.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/Qantas_Boeing_737-800_%28VH-XZP%29_retrojet.jpg/330px-Qantas_Boeing_737-800_%28VH-XZP%29_retrojet.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/Qantas_Boeing_737-800_%28VH-XZP%29_retrojet.jpg/440px-Qantas_Boeing_737-800_%28VH-XZP%29_retrojet.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1066" /></a><figcaption>A <a href="/wiki/Qantas" title="Qantas">Qantas</a> <a href="/wiki/Boeing_737-800" class="mw-redirect" title="Boeing 737-800">Boeing 737-800</a> (VH-XZP) retrojet seen at <a href="/wiki/Sydney_Airport" title="Sydney Airport">Sydney Airport</a> </figcaption></figure> <p>A handful of <a href="/wiki/Airline" title="Airline">airlines</a> have chosen to paint a historical <a href="/wiki/Aircraft_livery" title="Aircraft livery">livery</a> on a single selected <a href="/wiki/Aircraft" title="Aircraft">aircraft</a> in their modern fleet, typically as a marketing device or to commemorate an anniversary.<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="By_country_and_era">By country and era</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Retro_style&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: By country and era"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In Japan, <a href="/wiki/Showa_retro" class="mw-redirect" title="Showa retro">Showa retro</a> is retro related to the <a href="/wiki/Showa_era" class="mw-redirect" title="Showa era">Showa era</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Retro_style&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_retro_style_video_game_consoles" title="List of retro style video game consoles">List of retro style video game consoles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_retro-style_digital_cameras" title="List of retro-style digital cameras">List of retro-style digital cameras</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nostalgia" title="Nostalgia">Nostalgia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Retrofuturism" title="Retrofuturism">Retrofuturism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Retrotronics" title="Retrotronics">Retrotronics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Retro-style_automobile" title="Retro-style automobile">Retro-style automobile</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Steampunk" title="Steampunk">Steampunk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Throwback_uniform" title="Throwback uniform">Throwback uniform</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vintage_(design)" title="Vintage (design)">Vintage (design)</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Retro_style&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://thepatterning.com/2017/02/13/the-nostalgia-pendulum-a-rolling-30-year-cycle-of-pop-culture-trends/">"The Nostalgia Pendulum a rolling 30 year cycle of pop culture trends"</a>. 13 February 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Nostalgia+Pendulum+a+rolling+30+year+cycle+of+pop+culture+trends&rft.date=2017-02-13&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fthepatterning.com%2F2017%2F02%2F13%2Fthe-nostalgia-pendulum-a-rolling-30-year-cycle-of-pop-culture-trends%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARetro+style" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Woodham 2004</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-dermody7-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-dermody7_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-dermody7_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Dermody, Breathnach 2009, p. 7</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-baker622-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-baker622_4-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-baker622_4-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Baker 2012, p. 622</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Guffey 2006, p. 25</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cnrtl.fr/lexicographie/r%C3%A9tro">"French definition of <i>rétro</i>"</a>. Cnrtl.fr. 1978-09-11<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2011-11-20</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=French+definition+of+r%C3%A9tro&rft.pub=Cnrtl.fr&rft.date=1978-09-11&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cnrtl.fr%2Flexicographie%2Fr%25C3%25A9tro&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARetro+style" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Walker, John. (1992) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.artdesigncafe.com/retro-style-retrochic-1992">"Retro"</a>. <i>Glossary of Art, Architecture & Design since 1945</i>, 3rd. ed.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Elizabeth E. Guffey, <i>Retro: The Culture of Revival</i>, pp. 9–22</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Baudrillard. p. 43</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFischer2021" class="citation web cs1">Fischer, Ramone (2021-09-14). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://platformer.me/knowhow/retro-vs-antique/">"Retro vs Antique"</a>. <i>Platformer</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2021-09-22</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Platformer&rft.atitle=Retro+vs+Antique&rft.date=2021-09-14&rft.aulast=Fischer&rft.aufirst=Ramone&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fplatformer.me%2Fknowhow%2Fretro-vs-antique%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARetro+style" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">E. Guffey 2006</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Guffey 2006, p. 20</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Dermody, Breathnach 2009, p. 15</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Guffey 2006, p. 16</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Baker 2012, p. 624</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Dermody and Breathnach 2009, p. 11</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Dermody, Breathnach 2009, pp. 7–8</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Heller and Lasky, 1993</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Dermody, Breathnach 2009, pp. 8-10</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Dermody, Breathnach 2009, p. 16</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://logowski.com/blog/vintage-logo-style">"Vintage Logo Style"</a>. 16 July 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Vintage+Logo+Style&rft.date=2023-07-16&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Flogowski.com%2Fblog%2Fvintage-logo-style&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARetro+style" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCochrane2012" class="citation web cs1">Cochrane, Lauren (2012-07-19). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/fashion/2012/jul/19/dr-martens-comeback-best-selling">"Dr Martens enjoy comeback with best-selling season ever | Fashion"</a>. <i>The Guardian</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2014-01-05</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft.atitle=Dr+Martens+enjoy+comeback+with+best-selling+season+ever+%26%23124%3B+Fashion&rft.date=2012-07-19&rft.aulast=Cochrane&rft.aufirst=Lauren&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Ffashion%2F2012%2Fjul%2F19%2Fdr-martens-comeback-best-selling&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARetro+style" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20081201093233/http://bluerectangle.com/book_reviews/book_review/bookulating_Suggest-O-Mometer/index.html">"<i>Bookulating Suggest-O-Mometer</i>"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://bluerectangle.com/book_reviews/book_review/bookulating_Suggest-O-Mometer/index.html">the original</a> on 2008-12-01<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2011-10-05</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Bookulating+Suggest-O-Mometer&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fbluerectangle.com%2Fbook_reviews%2Fbook_review%2Fbookulating_Suggest-O-Mometer%2Findex.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARetro+style" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRiordanRiordan2012" class="citation book cs1">Riordan, Vicki G.; Riordan, Brian (2012). <i>Encore Performance</i>. Simon and Schuster. p. 114. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781451643480" title="Special:BookSources/9781451643480"><bdi>9781451643480</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Encore+Performance&rft.pages=114&rft.pub=Simon+and+Schuster&rft.date=2012&rft.isbn=9781451643480&rft.aulast=Riordan&rft.aufirst=Vicki+G.&rft.au=Riordan%2C+Brian&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARetro+style" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGuffey2006" class="citation book cs1">Guffey, Elizabeth E. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">31 May</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Qantas+reveals+%27flying+kangaroo%27+livery+on+Boeing+737&rft.date=2014-11-17&rft.aulast=Flynn&rft.aufirst=David&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ausbt.com.au%2Fqantas-to-unveil-retro-livery-on-boeing-737&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARetro+style" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-27">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMutzabaugh2014" class="citation news cs1">Mutzabaugh, Ben (18 April 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.usatoday.com/story/todayinthesky/2014/04/18/happy-85th-lot-adds-retrojet-livery-to-embraer-e175/7865801/">"Happy 85th: LOT adds 'RetroJET' livery to Embraer E175"</a>. <i>USA Today</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">31 May</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=USA+Today&rft.atitle=Happy+85th%3A+LOT+adds+%27RetroJET%27+livery+to+Embraer+E175&rft.date=2014-04-18&rft.aulast=Mutzabaugh&rft.aufirst=Ben&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.usatoday.com%2Fstory%2Ftodayinthesky%2F2014%2F04%2F18%2Fhappy-85th-lot-adds-retrojet-livery-to-embraer-e175%2F7865801%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARetro+style" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Bibliography">Bibliography</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Retro_style&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Bibliography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239549316">.mw-parser-output .refbegin{margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul{margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{margin-left:0;padding-left:3.2em;text-indent:-3.2em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul,.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul li{list-style:none}@media(max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{padding-left:1.6em;text-indent:-1.6em}}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .refbegin{font-size:90%}}</style><div class="refbegin refbegin-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em"> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBaudrillard1995" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Jean_Baudrillard" title="Jean Baudrillard">Baudrillard, Jean</a> (1995). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/simulacrasimula000baud"><i>Simulacra and Simulation</i></a>. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-472-06521-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-472-06521-9"><bdi>978-0-472-06521-9</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Simulacra+and+Simulation&rft.place=Ann+Arbor&rft.pub=University+of+Michigan+Press&rft.date=1995&rft.isbn=978-0-472-06521-9&rft.aulast=Baudrillard&rft.aufirst=Jean&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fsimulacrasimula000baud&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARetro+style" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCollins1989" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/James_C._Collins" title="James C. Collins">Collins, James C</a> (1989). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/uncommoncultures00coll"><i>Uncommon Cultures: Popular Culture and Post-Modernism</i></a>. New York/London: Routledge. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-415-90137-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-415-90137-6"><bdi>978-0-415-90137-6</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Uncommon+Cultures%3A+Popular+Culture+and+Post-Modernism&rft.place=New+York%2FLondon&rft.pub=Routledge&rft.date=1989&rft.isbn=978-0-415-90137-6&rft.aulast=Collins&rft.aufirst=James+C&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Funcommoncultures00coll&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARetro+style" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFEco1986" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Umberto_Eco" title="Umberto Eco">Eco, Umberto</a> (1986). <i>Travels in Hyperreality</i>. New York: Harcourt. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-15-191079-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-15-191079-3"><bdi>978-0-15-191079-3</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Travels+in+Hyperreality&rft.place=New+York&rft.pub=Harcourt&rft.date=1986&rft.isbn=978-0-15-191079-3&rft.aulast=Eco&rft.aufirst=Umberto&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARetro+style" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFEco1988" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Umberto_Eco" title="Umberto Eco">Eco, Umberto</a> (1988). <i>The Structure of Bad Taste</i>. Amsterdam: Bert Bakker.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Structure+of+Bad+Taste&rft.place=Amsterdam&rft.pub=Bert+Bakker&rft.date=1988&rft.aulast=Eco&rft.aufirst=Umberto&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARetro+style" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGuffey2006" class="citation book cs1">Guffey, Elizabeth E (2006). <i>Retro: The Culture of Revival</i>. London: Reaktion. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-86189-290-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-86189-290-4"><bdi>978-1-86189-290-4</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Retro%3A+The+Culture+of+Revival&rft.place=London&rft.pub=Reaktion&rft.date=2006&rft.isbn=978-1-86189-290-4&rft.aulast=Guffey&rft.aufirst=Elizabeth+E&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARetro+style" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li>Clem Robyns (1991). "Beyond the first dimension: recent tendencies in popular culture studies", in Joris Vlasselaers (Ed.) The Prince and the Frog, Leuven: ALW, 14–32.</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRoss1989" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Andrew_Ross_(academic)" class="mw-redirect" title="Andrew Ross (academic)">Ross, Andrew</a> (1989). <span class="id-lock-registration" title="Free registration required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/norespectintellec00ross"><i>No Respect. Intellectuals and Popular Culture</i></a></span>. New York/London: Routledge. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-415-90037-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-415-90037-9"><bdi>978-0-415-90037-9</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=No+Respect.+Intellectuals+and+Popular+Culture&rft.place=New+York%2FLondon&rft.pub=Routledge&rft.date=1989&rft.isbn=978-0-415-90037-9&rft.aulast=Ross&rft.aufirst=Andrew&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fnorespectintellec00ross&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARetro+style" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSamuel1994" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Raphael_Samuel" title="Raphael Samuel">Samuel, Raphael</a> (1994). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/islandstoriesunr00raph"><i>Theatres of Memory</i></a>. London: Verso. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-86091-209-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-86091-209-5"><bdi>978-0-86091-209-5</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Theatres+of+Memory&rft.place=London&rft.pub=Verso&rft.date=1994&rft.isbn=978-0-86091-209-5&rft.aulast=Samuel&rft.aufirst=Raphael&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fislandstoriesunr00raph&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARetro+style" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li>Dermody, Brenda and Breathnach, Teresa (2009). New Retro: classic graphics, today's designs London: Thames & Hudson</li> <li>Baker, Sarah Elsie (2012). Retailing Retro. Class, cultural capital and the material practices of the (re)valuation of style in European Journal of Cultural Studies, 15: 621,</li> <li>Heller, Steven and Lasky, Julie (1993). Borrowed Design: The Use and Abuse of Historical Form, New York: Wiley</li> <li>Woodham, Jonathan M. (2004). A Dictionary of Modern Design. Oxford: Oxford University Press</li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Retro_style&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output 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