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id="toc-Childhood" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Childhood"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>Childhood</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Childhood-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Early_career" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Early_career"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>Early career</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Early_career-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Jaffa" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Jaffa"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3</span> <span>Jaffa</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Jaffa-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-London_and_World_War_I" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" 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mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Thought subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Thought-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Inauguration_of_Hebrew_University" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Inauguration_of_Hebrew_University"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Inauguration of Hebrew University</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Inauguration_of_Hebrew_University-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Theodor_Herzl_eulogy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Theodor_Herzl_eulogy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>Theodor Herzl eulogy</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Theodor_Herzl_eulogy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Attitude_toward_Zionism" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Attitude_toward_Zionism"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3</span> <span>Attitude toward Zionism</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Attitude_toward_Zionism-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Legacy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Legacy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Legacy</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Legacy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Controversy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Controversy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Controversy</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Controversy-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Controversy subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Controversy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Criticism_from_rabbinic_scholars" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Criticism_from_rabbinic_scholars"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span>Criticism from rabbinic scholars</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Criticism_from_rabbinic_scholars-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Support_from_rabbinic_scholars" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Support_from_rabbinic_scholars"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2</span> <span>Support from rabbinic scholars</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Support_from_rabbinic_scholars-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Resources" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Resources"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Resources</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Resources-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Resources subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Resources-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Writings" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Writings"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.1</span> <span>Writings</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Writings-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Orot_("Lights")_books" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Orot_("Lights")_books"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.1.1</span> <span>Orot ("Lights") books</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Orot_("Lights")_books-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Jewish_thought" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Jewish_thought"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.1.2</span> <span>Jewish thought</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Jewish_thought-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Halakha" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Halakha"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.1.3</span> <span>Halakha</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Halakha-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Unedited_and_other" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Unedited_and_other"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.1.4</span> <span>Unedited and other</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Unedited_and_other-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Translation_and_commentary" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Translation_and_commentary"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.2</span> <span>Translation and commentary</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Translation_and_commentary-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Analysis" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Analysis"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.3</span> <span>Analysis</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Analysis-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Biography_2" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Biography_2"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.4</span> <span>Biography</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Biography_2-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Quotes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Quotes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.5</span> <span>Quotes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Quotes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Gallery" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Gallery"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Gallery</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Gallery-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" 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Available in 23 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-23" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">23 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A3%D8%A8%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%87%D8%A7%D9%85_%D9%83%D9%88%D9%83" title="أبراهام كوك – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="أبراهام كوك" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abraham_Isaac_Kook" title="Abraham Isaac Kook – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Abraham Isaac Kook" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abraham_Isaac_Kook" title="Abraham Isaac Kook – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Abraham Isaac Kook" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abraham_Isaak_Kook" title="Abraham Isaak Kook – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Abraham Isaak Kook" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abraham_Isaac_Kook" title="Abraham Isaac Kook – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Abraham Isaac Kook" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abraham_Isaak_Kook" title="Abraham Isaak Kook – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Abraham Isaak Kook" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abraham_Isaac_Kook" title="Abraham Isaac Kook – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Abraham Isaac Kook" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abraham_Isaac_Kook" title="Abraham Isaac Kook – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Abraham Isaac Kook" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abraham_Isaac_Kook" title="Abraham Isaac Kook – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Abraham Isaac Kook" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="featured article badge"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%90%D7%91%D7%A8%D7%94%D7%9D_%D7%99%D7%A6%D7%97%D7%A7_%D7%94%D7%9B%D7%94%D7%9F_%D7%A7%D7%95%D7%A7" title="אברהם יצחק הכהן קוק – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="אברהם יצחק הכהן קוק" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lad mw-list-item"><a href="https://lad.wikipedia.org/wiki/Avraham_Itshak_Kook" title="Avraham Itshak Kook – Ladino" lang="lad" hreflang="lad" data-title="Avraham Itshak Kook" data-language-autonym="Ladino" data-language-local-name="Ladino" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ladino</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%80brams_%C4%AAzaks_K%C5%ABks" title="Ābrams Īzaks Kūks – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Ābrams Īzaks Kūks" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D8%A8%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%87%D8%A7%D9%85_%D9%83%D9%88%D9%83" title="ابراهام كوك – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="ابراهام كوك" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abraham_Isaac_Kook" title="Abraham Isaac Kook – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Abraham Isaac Kook" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abraham_Isaac_Kook" title="Abraham Isaac Kook – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Abraham Isaac Kook" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Awraham_Kuk" title="Awraham Kuk – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Awraham Kuk" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abra%C3%A3o_Isaac_Kook" title="Abraão Isaac Kook – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Abraão Isaac Kook" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abraham_Isaac_Kook" title="Abraham Isaac Kook – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Abraham Isaac Kook" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%83%D0%BA,_%D0%90%D0%B2%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B0%D0%BC_%D0%98%D1%86%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%BA" title="Кук, Авраам Ицхак – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Кук, Авраам Ицхак" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abrah%C3%A1m_Iz%C3%A1k_Kook" title="Abrahám Izák Kook – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Abrahám Izák Kook" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abraham_Yishak_Kook" title="Abraham Yishak Kook – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Abraham Yishak Kook" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B2%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B0%D0%BC_%D0%9A%D1%83%D0%BA" title="Авраам Кук – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Авраам Кук" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="good article badge"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%90%D7%91%D7%A8%D7%94%D7%9D_%D7%99%D7%A6%D7%97%D7%A7_%D7%94%D7%9B%D7%94%D7%9F_%D7%A7%D7%95%D7%A7" title="אברהם יצחק הכהן קוק – Yiddish" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="אברהם יצחק הכהן קוק" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="Yiddish" 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color: #000000;"><div class="honorific-prefix" style="font-size: 77%; font-weight: normal;">Rabbi</div><div class="fn">Abraham Isaac Kook<br /><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r886047488">.mw-parser-output .nobold{font-weight:normal}</style><span class="nobold"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1241449095">.mw-parser-output .script-hebrew,.mw-parser-output .script-Hebr{font-family:"Ezra SIL SR","Ezra SIL","SBL Hebrew","Taamey Frank CLM","SBL BibLit","Taamey Ashkenaz","Frank Ruehl CLM","Keter Aram Tsova","Taamey David CLM","Keter YG","Shofar","David CLM","Hadasim CLM","Simple CLM","Nachlieli",Cardo,Alef,"Noto Serif Hebrew","Noto Sans Hebrew","David Libre",David,"Times New Roman",Gisha,Arial,FreeSerif,FreeSans}</style><span class="script-hebrew" style="font-size: 110%;" dir="rtl">אברהם יצחק הכהן קוק</span>‎</span></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Abraham_Isaac_Kook_1924.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/Abraham_Isaac_Kook_1924.jpg/200px-Abraham_Isaac_Kook_1924.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="327" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/Abraham_Isaac_Kook_1924.jpg/300px-Abraham_Isaac_Kook_1924.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/Abraham_Isaac_Kook_1924.jpg/400px-Abraham_Isaac_Kook_1924.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2149" data-file-height="3515" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">Abraham Isaac Kook in 1924</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Title</th><td class="infobox-data">First <a href="/wiki/Chief_Rabbi" title="Chief Rabbi">Chief Rabbi</a> of British <a href="/wiki/Mandatory_Palestine" title="Mandatory Palestine">Mandatory Palestine</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background: #ADD8E6; color: #000000;">Personal</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Born</th><td class="infobox-data"><span style="display:none">(<span class="bday">1865-09-07</span>)</span>7 September 1865<br /><div style="display:inline" class="birthplace"><a href="/wiki/Daugavpils" title="Daugavpils">Griva</a>, <a href="/wiki/Russian_Empire" title="Russian Empire">Russian Empire</a> (today <a href="/wiki/Daugavpils" title="Daugavpils">Daugavpils, Latvia</a>)</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Died</th><td class="infobox-data">1 September 1935<span style="display:none">(1935-09-01)</span> (aged 69)<br /><div style="display:inline" class="deathplace"><a href="/wiki/Jerusalem" title="Jerusalem">Jerusalem</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mandatory_Palestine" title="Mandatory Palestine">British Mandate of Palestine</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Religion</th><td class="infobox-data category"><a href="/wiki/Judaism" title="Judaism">Judaism</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Denomination</th><td class="infobox-data category"><a href="/wiki/Orthodox_Judaism" title="Orthodox Judaism">Orthodox</a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Buried</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Mount_of_Olives_Jewish_Cemetery" title="Mount of Olives Jewish Cemetery">Mount of Olives Jewish Cemetery</a>, <a href="/wiki/Israel" title="Israel">Israel</a></td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Abraham Isaac Kook</b> (<a href="/wiki/Hebrew_language" title="Hebrew language">Hebrew</a>: <span lang="he" dir="rtl">אַבְרָהָם יִצְחָק הַכֹּהֵן קוּק</span>; 7 September 1865 – 1 September 1935), known as <b>HaRav Kook</b>,<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and also known by the Hebrew-language <a href="/wiki/Acronym" title="Acronym">acronym</a> <b>Hara'ayah</b><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1241449095"><span class="script-hebrew" style="font-size: 110%;" dir="rtl">הראי״ה</span>‎),<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> was an <a href="/wiki/Orthodox_Judaism" title="Orthodox Judaism">Orthodox</a> rabbi, and the first <a href="/wiki/Ashkenazi_Jews" title="Ashkenazi Jews">Ashkenazi</a> <a href="/wiki/Chief_Rabbinate_of_Israel" title="Chief Rabbinate of Israel">Chief Rabbi</a> of British <a href="/wiki/Mandatory_Palestine" title="Mandatory Palestine">Mandatory Palestine</a>. He is considered to be one of the fathers of <a href="/wiki/Religious_Zionism" title="Religious Zionism">religious Zionism</a> and is known for founding the <a href="/wiki/Mercaz_HaRav" title="Mercaz HaRav">Mercaz HaRav Yeshiva</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Biography">Biography</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Abraham_Isaac_Kook&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Biography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Childhood">Childhood</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Abraham_Isaac_Kook&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Childhood"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Kook was born in <a href="/wiki/Daugavpils" title="Daugavpils">Griva</a> (also spelled Geriva)<sup id="cite_ref-ShamBook_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ShamBook-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> in the <a href="/wiki/Courland_Governorate" title="Courland Governorate">Courland Governorate</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Russian_Empire" title="Russian Empire">Russian Empire</a> in 1865, today a part of <a href="/wiki/Daugavpils" title="Daugavpils">Daugavpils</a>, <a href="/wiki/Latvia" title="Latvia">Latvia</a>, the eldest of eight children. His father, Rabbi Shlomo Zalman Ha-Cohen Kook, was a student of the <a href="/wiki/Volozhin_yeshiva" class="mw-redirect" title="Volozhin yeshiva">Volozhin yeshiva</a>, the "mother of the <a href="/wiki/Lithuanian_Jews" class="mw-redirect" title="Lithuanian Jews">Lithuanian</a> <a href="/wiki/Yeshiva" title="Yeshiva">yeshivas</a>",<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> whereas his maternal grandfather was a follower of the <a href="/wiki/Kapust" class="mw-redirect" title="Kapust">Kapust</a> branch of the <a href="/wiki/Hasidic_Judaism" title="Hasidic Judaism">Hasidic movement</a>, founded by the son of the third <a href="/wiki/Rebbe" title="Rebbe">rebbe</a> of <a href="/wiki/Chabad" title="Chabad">Chabad</a>, Rabbi <a href="/wiki/Menachem_Mendel_Schneersohn" title="Menachem Mendel Schneersohn">Menachem Mendel Schneersohn</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> His mother's name was Zlata Perl.<sup id="cite_ref-ShamBook_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ShamBook-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: p.56">: p.56 </span></sup> </p><p>He entered the <a href="/wiki/Volozhin_Yeshiva" title="Volozhin Yeshiva">Volozhin Yeshiva</a> in 1884 at the age of 18, where he became close to the <i><a href="/wiki/Rosh_yeshiva" title="Rosh yeshiva">rosh yeshiva</a></i>, Rabbi <a href="/wiki/Naftali_Zvi_Yehuda_Berlin" title="Naftali Zvi Yehuda Berlin">Naftali Zvi Yehuda Berlin</a> (the <i>Netziv</i>). During his time in the yeshiva, he studied under Rabbi <a href="/wiki/Eliyahu_David_Rabinowitz-Teomim" title="Eliyahu David Rabinowitz-Teomim">Eliyahu David Rabinowitz-Teomim</a> (also known as the <i>Aderet</i>), the rabbi of <a href="/wiki/Ponevezh" class="mw-redirect" title="Ponevezh">Ponevezh</a> (today's <a href="/wiki/Panev%C4%97%C5%BEys" title="Panevėžys">Panevėžys</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lithuania" title="Lithuania">Lithuania</a>) and later Chief Ashkenazi Rabbi of <a href="/wiki/Jerusalem" title="Jerusalem">Jerusalem</a>. In 1886 Kook married Rabinowitz-Teomim's daughter, Batsheva.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Early_career">Early career</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Abraham_Isaac_Kook&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Early career"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 1887, at the age of 23,<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Kook entered his first rabbinical position as rabbi of <a href="/wiki/%C5%BDeimelis" title="Žeimelis">Zaumel</a>, Lithuania.<sup id="cite_ref-ShamBook_5-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ShamBook-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page: 18">: 18 </span></sup><sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1888, his wife died, and his father-in-law convinced him to marry her cousin, Raize-Rivka, the daughter of the Aderet's twin brother. Kook's only son, <a href="/wiki/Zvi_Yehuda_Kook" title="Zvi Yehuda Kook">Zvi Yehuda Kook</a>, was born in 1891 to Kook and his second wife.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1896, Kook became the rabbi of <a href="/wiki/Bauska_Jewish_community" class="mw-redirect" title="Bauska Jewish community">Bauska</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-ShamBook_5-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ShamBook-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page: 22">: 22 </span></sup><sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Between 1901 and 1904, he published three articles which anticipate the philosophy that he later more fully developed in the Land of Israel. Kook personally refrained from eating meat except on the Sabbath and Festivals, and a compilation of extracts from his writing, compiled by his disciple <a href="/wiki/David_Cohen_(rabbi)" title="David Cohen (rabbi)">David Cohen</a>, known as "Rav HaNazir" (or "the Nazir of Jerusalem")<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and titled by him "A Vision of Vegetarianism and Peace," depicts a progression, guided by Torah law, towards a vegetarian society.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Jaffa">Jaffa</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Abraham_Isaac_Kook&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Jaffa"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 1904,<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Kook was invited to become Rabbi in <a href="/wiki/Jaffa" title="Jaffa">Jaffa</a>, <a href="/wiki/History_of_Palestine#Ottoman_period" title="History of Palestine">Ottoman Palestine</a>, and he arrived there in 1905. During these years he wrote a number of works, mostly published posthumously, notably a lengthy commentary on the <a href="/wiki/Aggadot" class="mw-redirect" title="Aggadot">Aggadot</a> of Tractates <a href="/wiki/Berakhot_(Talmud)" class="mw-redirect" title="Berakhot (Talmud)">Berakhot</a> and <a href="/wiki/Shabbat_(Talmud)" title="Shabbat (Talmud)">Shabbat</a>, titled <i>Eyn Ayah</i>, and a brief book on morality and spirituality, titled <i>Mussar Avicha</i>. </p><p>It was in 1911 that Kook also maintained a correspondence with the <a href="/wiki/Jews_of_Yemen" class="mw-redirect" title="Jews of Yemen">Jews of Yemen</a>, addressing some twenty-six questions to "the honorable shepherds of God's congregation" (Heb. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1241449095"><span class="script-hebrew" style="font-size: 110%;" dir="rtl">כבוד רועי עדת ד</span>‎) and sending his letter via the known Zionist emissary, Shemuel Yavneʼeli. Their reply was later printed in a book published by Yavneʼeli.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Kook's influence on people in different walks of life was already noticeable, as he engaged in <a href="/wiki/Kiruv" class="mw-redirect" title="Kiruv">kiruv</a> ("Jewish outreach"), thereby creating a greater role for <a href="/wiki/Torah" title="Torah">Torah</a> and <a href="/wiki/Halakha" title="Halakha">Halakha</a> in the life of the city and the nearby settlements. In 1913 Kook led a delegation of rabbis, including several leading rabbinic figures such as <a href="/wiki/Yosef_Chaim_Sonnenfeld" title="Yosef Chaim Sonnenfeld">Rabbi Yosef Chaim Sonnenfeld</a>, to the many newly established secular "moshavot" (settlements) in <a href="/wiki/Samaria" title="Samaria">Samaria</a> and <a href="/wiki/Galilee" title="Galilee">Galilee</a>. Known as the "Journey of the Rabbis" the rabbis' goal was to strengthen Shabbat observance, Torah education, and other religious observances, with an emphasis on the giving of 'terumot and ma'asrot' (agricultural <a href="/wiki/Tithes_in_Judaism" title="Tithes in Judaism">tithes</a>) as these were farming settlements.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="London_and_World_War_I">London and World War I</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Abraham_Isaac_Kook&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: London and World War I"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>When the <a href="/wiki/First_World_War" class="mw-redirect" title="First World War">First World War</a> began, Kook was in Germany, where he was interned as an alien.<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He escaped to <a href="/wiki/London" title="London">London</a> via <a href="/wiki/Switzerland" title="Switzerland">Switzerland</a>, but the ongoing conflict forced him to stay in the UK for the remainder of the war. In 1916, he became rabbi of the Spitalfields Great Synagogue (<a href="/wiki/Machzike_Hadath" title="Machzike Hadath">Machzike Hadath</a>, "upholders of the law"), an immigrant Orthodox community located in <a href="/wiki/Brick_Lane" title="Brick Lane">Brick Lane</a>, <a href="/wiki/Spitalfields" title="Spitalfields">Spitalfields</a>, <a href="/wiki/London" title="London">London</a>, and Kook lived at 9 Princelet Street, Spitalfields.<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Chief_Rabbi_of_Jerusalem">Chief Rabbi of Jerusalem</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Abraham_Isaac_Kook&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Chief Rabbi of Jerusalem"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Rabbinic_Proclamation_In_Support_of_Rav_Kook.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/Rabbinic_Proclamation_In_Support_of_Rav_Kook.jpg/220px-Rabbinic_Proclamation_In_Support_of_Rav_Kook.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="309" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/Rabbinic_Proclamation_In_Support_of_Rav_Kook.jpg/330px-Rabbinic_Proclamation_In_Support_of_Rav_Kook.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b8/Rabbinic_Proclamation_In_Support_of_Rav_Kook.jpg 2x" data-file-width="391" data-file-height="550" /></a><figcaption>Proclamation by 80 rabbis in support of Kook after the printing of <i>Kol Ha-Shofar</i> in 1921</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Abraham_Isaac_Kook_with_the_mayor_of_New_York.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/Abraham_Isaac_Kook_with_the_mayor_of_New_York.jpg/220px-Abraham_Isaac_Kook_with_the_mayor_of_New_York.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="166" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/Abraham_Isaac_Kook_with_the_mayor_of_New_York.jpg/330px-Abraham_Isaac_Kook_with_the_mayor_of_New_York.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/Abraham_Isaac_Kook_with_the_mayor_of_New_York.jpg/440px-Abraham_Isaac_Kook_with_the_mayor_of_New_York.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3097" data-file-height="2336" /></a><figcaption>Kook with Mayor of New York <a href="/wiki/John_F._Hylan" class="mw-redirect" title="John F. Hylan">John F. Hylan</a> (1924)</figcaption></figure> <p>Upon returning from Europe in 1919,<sup id="cite_ref-ShamBook_5-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ShamBook-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 44">: 44 </span></sup> he was appointed the <a href="/wiki/Ashkenazi" class="mw-redirect" title="Ashkenazi">Ashkenazi</a> <a href="/wiki/Chief_Rabbi" title="Chief Rabbi">Chief Rabbi</a> of <a href="/wiki/Jerusalem" title="Jerusalem">Jerusalem</a>, and soon after, as first Ashkenazi Chief Rabbi of Palestine in 1921.<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In March 1924, in an effort to raise funds for Torah institutions in Palestine and Europe, Kook travelled to America with Rabbi <a href="/wiki/Moshe_Mordechai_Epstein" title="Moshe Mordechai Epstein">Moshe Mordechai Epstein</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Yeshivas_Knesses_Yisrael_(Slabodka)" title="Yeshivas Knesses Yisrael (Slabodka)">Slabodka Yeshiva</a> and the Rabbi of Kaunas, <a href="/wiki/Avraham_Duber_Kahana_Shapiro" title="Avraham Duber Kahana Shapiro">Avraham Dov Baer Kahana Shapiro</a>. In the same year, Kook founded the <a href="/wiki/Mercaz_HaRav" title="Mercaz HaRav">Mercaz HaRav</a> yeshiva in <a href="/wiki/Jerusalem" title="Jerusalem">Jerusalem</a>. </p><p>Kook died in Jerusalem in 1935 and his funeral was attended by an estimated 20,000 mourners.<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Thought">Thought</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Abraham_Isaac_Kook&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Thought"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1251242444"><table class="box-Over-quotation plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-style" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f2/Edit-clear.svg/40px-Edit-clear.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f2/Edit-clear.svg/60px-Edit-clear.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f2/Edit-clear.svg/80px-Edit-clear.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="48" data-file-height="48" /></span></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This section <b>contains <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style#Quotations" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style">too many or overly lengthy quotations</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Abraham_Isaac_Kook&action=edit">summarize the quotations</a>. Consider transferring direct quotations to <a href="https://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/Special:Search/Abraham_Isaac_Kook" class="extiw" title="q:Special:Search/Abraham Isaac Kook">Wikiquote</a> or excerpts to <a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Special:Search/Abraham_Isaac_Kook" class="extiw" title="s:Special:Search/Abraham Isaac Kook">Wikisource</a>.</span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">January 2024</span>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:%D7%A4%D7%A1%D7%A7_%D7%93%D7%99%D7%9F_%D7%A9%D7%9C_%D7%92%D7%90%D7%95%D7%A0%D7%99_%D7%90%D7%A8%D7%A5_%D7%A2%D7%9C_%D7%90%D7%95%D7%AA%D7%95_%D7%94%D7%90%D7%99%D7%A9.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/%D7%A4%D7%A1%D7%A7_%D7%93%D7%99%D7%9F_%D7%A9%D7%9C_%D7%92%D7%90%D7%95%D7%A0%D7%99_%D7%90%D7%A8%D7%A5_%D7%A2%D7%9C_%D7%90%D7%95%D7%AA%D7%95_%D7%94%D7%90%D7%99%D7%A9.jpg/220px-%D7%A4%D7%A1%D7%A7_%D7%93%D7%99%D7%9F_%D7%A9%D7%9C_%D7%92%D7%90%D7%95%D7%A0%D7%99_%D7%90%D7%A8%D7%A5_%D7%A2%D7%9C_%D7%90%D7%95%D7%AA%D7%95_%D7%94%D7%90%D7%99%D7%A9.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="454" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/%D7%A4%D7%A1%D7%A7_%D7%93%D7%99%D7%9F_%D7%A9%D7%9C_%D7%92%D7%90%D7%95%D7%A0%D7%99_%D7%90%D7%A8%D7%A5_%D7%A2%D7%9C_%D7%90%D7%95%D7%AA%D7%95_%D7%94%D7%90%D7%99%D7%A9.jpg/330px-%D7%A4%D7%A1%D7%A7_%D7%93%D7%99%D7%9F_%D7%A9%D7%9C_%D7%92%D7%90%D7%95%D7%A0%D7%99_%D7%90%D7%A8%D7%A5_%D7%A2%D7%9C_%D7%90%D7%95%D7%AA%D7%95_%D7%94%D7%90%D7%99%D7%A9.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/%D7%A4%D7%A1%D7%A7_%D7%93%D7%99%D7%9F_%D7%A9%D7%9C_%D7%92%D7%90%D7%95%D7%A0%D7%99_%D7%90%D7%A8%D7%A5_%D7%A2%D7%9C_%D7%90%D7%95%D7%AA%D7%95_%D7%94%D7%90%D7%99%D7%A9.jpg/440px-%D7%A4%D7%A1%D7%A7_%D7%93%D7%99%D7%9F_%D7%A9%D7%9C_%D7%92%D7%90%D7%95%D7%A0%D7%99_%D7%90%D7%A8%D7%A5_%D7%A2%D7%9C_%D7%90%D7%95%D7%AA%D7%95_%D7%94%D7%90%D7%99%D7%A9.jpg 2x" data-file-width="626" data-file-height="1292" /></a><figcaption>Proclamation against Kook by rabbis Rosin, Brach and Greenwald (1926)</figcaption></figure> <p>Kook wrote prolifically on both Halakha and Jewish thought. </p><p>In line with many orthodox interpreters of the Jewish religion, Kook believed that there was a fundamental difference between Jews and Gentiles. The difference between a Jewish and a Gentile soul was greater than the difference between the soul of a Gentile and an animal. </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1244412712">.mw-parser-output .templatequote{overflow:hidden;margin:1em 0;padding:0 32px}.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{line-height:1.5em;text-align:left;margin-top:0}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{padding-left:1.6em}}</style><blockquote class="templatequote"><p>“The difference between the Israelite neshama [spiritual soul]...and the neshama of all the nations, in their various grades, is greater and deeper than the difference between the nefesh [biological soul]... of man and the nefesh of animals. For between the latter there is only a quantitative difference, while between the former there exists a qualitative, essential difference.”<sup id="cite_ref-DISHON_28-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-DISHON-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p></blockquote> <p>Kook maintained communication and political alliances with various Jewish sectors, including the secular Jewish <a href="/wiki/Zionism" title="Zionism">Zionist</a> leadership, the Religious Zionists, and more traditional non-Zionist <a href="/wiki/Orthodox_Judaism" title="Orthodox Judaism">Orthodox Jews</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Inauguration_of_Hebrew_University">Inauguration of Hebrew University</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Abraham_Isaac_Kook&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Inauguration of Hebrew University"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Picture_of_Rav_Kook_and_his_Yeshiva_Faculty_and_Students.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/Picture_of_Rav_Kook_and_his_Yeshiva_Faculty_and_Students.jpg/220px-Picture_of_Rav_Kook_and_his_Yeshiva_Faculty_and_Students.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="176" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/Picture_of_Rav_Kook_and_his_Yeshiva_Faculty_and_Students.jpg/330px-Picture_of_Rav_Kook_and_his_Yeshiva_Faculty_and_Students.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/Picture_of_Rav_Kook_and_his_Yeshiva_Faculty_and_Students.jpg/440px-Picture_of_Rav_Kook_and_his_Yeshiva_Faculty_and_Students.jpg 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="401" /></a><figcaption>Students of Mercaz Harav Yeshiva</figcaption></figure> <p>In 1928, Kook wrote a letter to Rabbi <a href="/wiki/Joseph_Messas" title="Joseph Messas">Joseph Messas</a> (Chief Rabbi in <a href="/wiki/Algeria" title="Algeria">Algeria</a>), addressing certain misquotes which were erroneously being repeated in his name regarding a speech he gave at the inauguration of <a href="/wiki/Hebrew_University" class="mw-redirect" title="Hebrew University">Hebrew University</a>. The following are translated excerpts from the letter Kook wrote to Messas: </p> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1244412712"><blockquote class="templatequote"> <p>...from the time that I came to the Holy Land, it has been my goal to the best of my ability to draw also those who are estranged and speak to their heart, so that they will come close to Torah and mitzvot – including even those young people who want to develop their physical health so that they will have the strength to protect our holy nation in times of violence, Heaven forbid, at a time when vicious enemies rise up against us...in regard to Hebrew University, Heaven forbid that I should say regarding secular studies that 'From Zion will come forth Torah.' </p><p>To the contrary, I told them explicitly that I am afraid lest there come forth, Heaven forbid, a stumbling block from their hands if they reject the Torah and the fear of G-d and 'please themselves in the brood of aliens' [i.e., studies antithetical to Torah such as Biblical Criticism]. I brought them examples of this from the past, from the incidents that took place due to people's sins [during the Berlin Enlightenment], from which came forth groups that turned away from G-d and abandoned the source of living waters. But they must guard the holiness of Israel, teachers and students alike, and not follow foreign ideas nor turn aside from the Torah and the mitzvos. And even then, it is not from secular subjects that Torah will come forth, but rather when we support the holy yeshivas, which are dedicated solely to the holiness of the Torah. </p><p>Together with this, [I told them that] they should elevate the power of the tzaddikim and Torah giants who fear G-d. And the Central Yeshiva [Mercaz HaRav] in our holy and beautiful city, which we are toiling to establish and expand with G-d's help, will stand in its great glory. Then, upon the foundation of the holy yeshivas, I said that the verse 'From Zion will come forth Torah' will be fulfilled. </p><p> These words are explicit in my speech that I spoke at that time before the people, before all of the important officials who came to the celebration, and to the entire great crowd of thousands who came from the far ends of the Holy Land and from the lands of the Diaspora. So how can malicious people come to distort the words of the living G-d in a way that is so filled with wickedness and folly?...</p></blockquote> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Theodor_Herzl_eulogy">Theodor Herzl eulogy</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Abraham_Isaac_Kook&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Theodor Herzl eulogy"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 1904, Kook wrote a letter to his <a href="/wiki/Eliyahu_David_Rabinowitz-Teomim" title="Eliyahu David Rabinowitz-Teomim">father-in-law</a>, addressing certain misquotes which were erroneously being repeated in his name regarding a speech he gave after <a href="/wiki/Theodor_Herzl" title="Theodor Herzl">Theodor Herzl</a>'s passing: </p> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1244412712"><blockquote class="templatequote"><p>...Now, two gentlemen came to me… and requested me … since they were planning to gather in the bank building here to honor the memory of <a href="/wiki/Theodor_Herzl" title="Theodor Herzl">Dr. Herzl</a> and it was their finding that even those opposed to Zionism would not deny that there were in his heart thoughts concerning the betterment of Israel. Although unfortunately [Herzl] did not find the straight path, nevertheless, 'The Holy One does not withhold credit for even good talk.' It would be poor manners not to arrange a memorial in his honor in a public meeting place, such as the <a href="/wiki/Bank_Leumi" title="Bank Leumi">Anglo-Palestine Bank</a> here. Therefore I promised them I would attend. </p><p>Understandably, once I agreed to come, I did not want to refuse to speak some words. I assessed that, God willing, benefit would derive from my words, inasmuch as the other speakers would not have the audacity to belittle God, His Torah, and the sages of Israel. </p><p>Thank God, this assessment proved correct. Of course, I spoke pleasantly and politely, but I did reveal the fundamental failure of their [the Zionists'] entire enterprise, namely the fact that they do not place at the top of their list of priorities the sanctity of God and His great name, which is the power that enables Israel to survive ... In my remarks, I offered no homage to Dr. Herzl per se. </p><p>What I did say was that such a thought of improving the situation of Israel in <a href="/wiki/Eretz_Israel" class="mw-redirect" title="Eretz Israel">Eretz Israel</a> would be worthwhile if we would rise to the occasion. It would require a return to God by observing and honoring the Torah, and a consensus that the foundation of all must be the power of Torah. Repenting of baseless hatred, and wholehearted peace-seeking as obligated [by Torah] would result in success because it would be close to God's will. We must make amends toward the future that the power of the sanctity of Torah be at the top of our list of priorities, that "the son of Yishai lead." If the will to improve materially will rest on Torah – then God will shine His face upon us and crown our every deed with success. At first, the salvation will be gradual, as our holy Rabbis remarked upon witnessing daybreak over the valley of Arbel, but after it will gain momentum, appearing as a great and wondrous light, as in the days of our Exodus from Egypt. </p><p> After [the address], others came to me and reported that some people read into my words ideas that I never intended ...</p></blockquote> <p>His empathy towards the non-religious elements aroused the suspicions of many opponents,<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> particularly that of the traditional rabbinical establishment that had functioned from the time of <a href="/wiki/Turkey" title="Turkey">Turkey</a>'s control of greater Palestine, whose paramount leader was Rabbi <a href="/wiki/Yosef_Chaim_Sonnenfeld" title="Yosef Chaim Sonnenfeld">Yosef Chaim Sonnenfeld</a>. However, Sonnenfeld and Kook deeply revered each other, evidenced by their respectful way of addressing each other in correspondence. </p><p>Kook remarked that he was fully capable of rejecting, but since there were enough practicing rejection, he preferred to fill the role of one who embraces. However, Kook was critical of the secularists on certain occasions when they violated Halacha (Jewish law), for instance, by not observing the <a href="/wiki/Shabbat" title="Shabbat">Sabbath</a> or <a href="/wiki/Kashrut" title="Kashrut">kosher</a> laws, or ascending the <a href="/wiki/Temple_Mount" title="Temple Mount">Temple Mount</a>. </p><p>Kook wrote rulings presenting his strong opposition to people ascending the Temple Mount, due to the Jewish Laws of impurity. He felt that Jews should wait until the coming of the Messiah when it will be encouraged to enter the Temple Mount. However, he was very careful to express the fact that the <a href="/wiki/Western_Wall" title="Western Wall">Kotel</a> and the Temple Mount were holy sites that belong to the Jewish people. </p><p>Kook also opposed the secular spirit of the <a href="/wiki/Hatikvah" title="Hatikvah">Hatikvah</a> anthem and penned another anthem with a more religious theme entitled <a href="/wiki/HaEmunah" title="HaEmunah">haEmunah</a>. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Rav-kook-letter-03.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ad/Rav-kook-letter-03.jpg/220px-Rav-kook-letter-03.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="303" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ad/Rav-kook-letter-03.jpg/330px-Rav-kook-letter-03.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ad/Rav-kook-letter-03.jpg/440px-Rav-kook-letter-03.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="1377" /></a><figcaption>Rav Kook handwriting</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:RavEpsteinandRavMeltzer.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/RavEpsteinandRavMeltzer.jpg/220px-RavEpsteinandRavMeltzer.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="306" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/RavEpsteinandRavMeltzer.jpg/330px-RavEpsteinandRavMeltzer.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/RavEpsteinandRavMeltzer.jpg/440px-RavEpsteinandRavMeltzer.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1920" data-file-height="2669" /></a><figcaption>Rav <a href="/wiki/Isser_Zalman_Meltzer" title="Isser Zalman Meltzer">Isser Zalman Meltzer</a> and Rav Moshe Mordechai Epstein writing in support and defense of Rav Kook</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:D79ed795d796d799d790d795d79f21.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/D79ed795d796d799d790d795d79f21.jpg/220px-D79ed795d796d799d790d795d79f21.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="140" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/D79ed795d796d799d790d795d79f21.jpg/330px-D79ed795d796d799d790d795d79f21.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/D79ed795d796d799d790d795d79f21.jpg/440px-D79ed795d796d799d790d795d79f21.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1922" data-file-height="1222" /></a><figcaption>Rav Kook with Rav <a href="/wiki/Moshe_Mordechai_Epstein" title="Moshe Mordechai Epstein">Moshe Mordechai Epstein</a> and Rav <a href="/wiki/Avraham_Duber_Kahana_Shapiro" title="Avraham Duber Kahana Shapiro">Avraham Dov Ber Kahana</a></figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Attitude_toward_Zionism">Attitude toward Zionism</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Abraham_Isaac_Kook&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Attitude toward Zionism"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>While Kook is considered one of the most important thinkers in modern <a href="/wiki/Religious_Zionism" title="Religious Zionism">Religious Zionism</a>, his attitude towards the "Zionism" of his time was complex. </p><p>Kook enthusiastically supported the settlement of the land which Zionists of his time were carrying out. In addition, his philosophy "la[id] a theological foundation for marrying Torah study to Zionism, and for an ethos of traditional Judaism engaged with Zionism and with modernity".<sup id="cite_ref-mirsky_30-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-mirsky-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 234">: 234 </span></sup> And unlike many of his religious peers, he showed respect towards secular Zionists, and willingly engaged in joint projects with them (for instance, his participation in the Chief Rabbinate). </p><p>At the same time, he was critical of the religious-Zionist <a href="/wiki/Mizrachi_(religious_Zionism)" title="Mizrachi (religious Zionism)">Mizrachi</a> movement of his time for "tamping down religious fervor and willingly accepting secondary status within the Zionist movement".<sup id="cite_ref-mirsky_30-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-mirsky-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 150">: 150 </span></sup> In 1917 he issued a proclamation entitled <i>Degel Yerushalayim</i>, where he distinguished between "Zion" (representing political sovereignty) and "Jerusalem" (representing holiness), and arguing that Zion (i.e. Zionism) must take a cooperative but eventually subservient role in relation to Jerusalem.<sup id="cite_ref-mirsky_30-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-mirsky-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 150">: 150 </span></sup> He then went on to found a "Degel Yerushalayim" movement separate from the Zionist movement, though this initiative had little success.<sup id="cite_ref-mirsky_30-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-mirsky-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 149–152">: 149–152 </span></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Legacy">Legacy</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Abraham_Isaac_Kook&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Legacy"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The <a href="/wiki/Israel" title="Israel">Israeli</a> <a href="/wiki/Moshav" title="Moshav">moshav</a> <a href="/wiki/Kfar_Haroeh" title="Kfar Haroeh">Kfar Haroeh</a>, a settlement founded in 1933, was named after Kook, "Haroah" being a Hebrew acronym for "HaRav Avraham HaCohen". His son <a href="/wiki/Zvi_Yehuda_Kook" title="Zvi Yehuda Kook">Zvi Yehuda Kook</a>, who was also his most prominent student, took over teaching duties at Mercaz HaRav after his death, and dedicated his life to disseminating his father's writings. Many students of Kook's writings and philosophy eventually formed <a href="/wiki/Hardal" title="Hardal">Hardal</a> <a href="/wiki/Religious_Zionist" class="mw-redirect" title="Religious Zionist">Religious Zionist</a> movement which is today led by rabbis who studied under Kook's son at Mercaz HaRav. </p><p>In 1937, <a href="/wiki/Yehuda_Leib_Maimon" title="Yehuda Leib Maimon">Yehuda Leib Maimon</a> established <a href="/wiki/Mossad_Harav_Kook" title="Mossad Harav Kook">Mossad Harav Kook</a>, a religious research foundation and notable publishing house, based in Jerusalem. It is named after Kook.<sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Controversy">Controversy</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Abraham_Isaac_Kook&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Controversy"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Criticism_from_rabbinic_scholars">Criticism from rabbinic scholars</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Abraham_Isaac_Kook&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Criticism from rabbinic scholars"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In formulating religious Zionism, Kook broke with most other Orthodox rabbis. Most Orthodox rabbis saw nothing but evil in the early Zionist pioneers who were hostile to religion, and in their belief that their labor rather than God would save the Jewish people.<sup id="cite_ref-Concentrating_on_Kook_32-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Concentrating_on_Kook-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Kook on the other hand, defended their behaviour in theological terms, and even hailed them as playing a role, by their labors, in hastening the messianic deliverance. His stance was deemed heretical by the traditional religious establishment.<sup id="cite_ref-Bokser_33-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bokser-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Although Kook was a very learned man, he was never accepted by the Haredi leadership.<sup id="cite_ref-Shapiro_34-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Shapiro-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1921 his detractors bought up the whole edition of his newly published <i>Orot</i> to prevent its circulation, plastering the offending passages on the walls of <a href="/wiki/Meah_Shearim" class="mw-redirect" title="Meah Shearim">Meah Shearim</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-KaplanShatz1995_35-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-KaplanShatz1995-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Later, an anonymous pamphlet entitled <i>Kol Ha-Shofar</i> appeared containing a declaration signed by rabbis Sonnenfeld, Diskin and others saying: "We were astonished to see and hear gross things, foreign to the entire Torah, and we see that which we feared before his coming here, that he will introduce new forms of deviance that our rabbis and ancestors could not have imagined …. It is to be deemed a sorcerer's book? If so, let it be known that it is forbidden to study [let alone] rely on all his nonsense and dreams."<sup id="cite_ref-Mirsky2014_36-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Mirsky2014-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It also quoted <a href="/wiki/Aharon_Rokeach" title="Aharon Rokeach">Aharon Rokeach</a> of <a href="/wiki/Belz_(Hasidic_dynasty)" title="Belz (Hasidic dynasty)">Belz</a> who stated "And know that the rabbi from Jerusalem, Kook - <a href="/wiki/Yimakh_shemo" title="Yimakh shemo">may his name be blotted out</a> - is completely wicked and has already ruined many of our youth, entrapping them with his guileful tongue and impure books."<sup id="cite_ref-Uffenheimer2005_37-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Uffenheimer2005-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Returning to Poland after a visit to Palestine in 1921, Rabbi <a href="/wiki/Avraham_Mordechai_Alter" title="Avraham Mordechai Alter">Avraham Mordechai Alter</a> of <a href="/wiki/Ger_(Hasidic_dynasty)" title="Ger (Hasidic dynasty)">Ger</a> wrote that he endeavoured to calm the situation by getting Kook to renounce any expressions which may have unwittingly resulted in a <a href="/wiki/Chillul_Hashem" class="mw-redirect" title="Chillul Hashem">profanation of God's name</a>. He then approached the elder rabbis of the Yishuv asking them to withdraw their denunciation. The rabbis claimed that their intention had been to reach a consensus on whether Kook's writings were acceptable, but their letter had been surreptitiously inserted by Kook's critics in to their inflammatory booklet without their knowledge.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (May 2023)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>In 1926 a harsh proclamation was issued against Kook that contained letters from three European rabbis in which <a href="/wiki/Yosef_Rosin" class="mw-redirect" title="Yosef Rosin">Yosef Rosin</a> referred to him as an "ignorant bore", Shaul Brach intimated that his Hebrew initials spelt the word "vomit" and likened him to <a href="/wiki/Jeroboam" title="Jeroboam">King Jeroboam</a> known for <a href="/wiki/Maisit" title="Maisit">seducing the masses to idolatry</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Eliezer_David_Greenwald" title="Eliezer David Greenwald">Eliezer David Greenwald</a> declared him an untrustworthy authority on Jewish law adding that his books were full of heresy and should be burnt.<sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>When Jewish prayers at the <a href="/wiki/Western_Wall" title="Western Wall">Western Wall</a> were <a href="/wiki/Western_Wall#September_1928_disturbances" title="Western Wall">broken up by the British in 1928</a>, Kook called for a fast day, but the ultra-Orthodox community ignored his calls.<sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In response to a letter from Rabbi Yosef Tzvi Dushinsky of Eidah Hachareidit on whether they could partner with the Chief Rabbinate led by Kook, <a href="/wiki/Elchonon_Wasserman" title="Elchonon Wasserman">Rabbi Elchonon Bunim Wasserman</a> wrote: "I have heard that there was a suggestion that there should be a partnership between the Eidah Hachareidis and the Chief Rabinate . . . It is well known that the monies from that fund go to raise deliberate heretics, and therefore someone who encourages people to support such a fund is a <i>machti es harabim</i> (causes the public to sin) on the most frightful level . . . thus, besides the prohibition of befriending a wicked person, since we see that he praises <i>resha'im</i> (evil doers), there would also be an issue of an enormous <i>chillum Hashem</i> (desecration of G-ds name) throughout the world..."<sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Yitzchak_Zelig_Morgenstern" title="Yitzchak Zelig Morgenstern">Rabbi Yitzchak Zelig Morgenstern</a>, the Rebbe of Sokolov also wrote against Kook, saying, "Rav Kook, although he is a full and robust <i>talmid chacham</i> as well as an excellent orator, cannot be considered among the successors and perpetuators of the <i>geonim</i> (genius rabbinic scholars) and <i>tzaddikim</i> (righteous leaders) of the past generations. Rav Kook is already connected with the spirit of the time, and speaks greatly about the <i>techiyas umaseinu</i> (our national rebirth). And despite the moral and religious decline of our generation, he sees in his mind's eye the <i>techiyas hale'um</i> (nationalistic rebirth) and the like, and he assigns to the Chief Rabbinate an important role in that process."<sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>It was claimed that Rabbi <a href="/wiki/Solomon_Eliezer_Alfandari" title="Solomon Eliezer Alfandari">Solomon Eliezer Alfandari</a> attributed the Chofetz Chaim's failed move to the land due to the disputes surrounding Rabbi Kook.<sup id="cite_ref-42" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Support_from_rabbinic_scholars">Support from rabbinic scholars</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Abraham_Isaac_Kook&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Support from rabbinic scholars"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Although it seems that a majority of Orthodox rabbis opposed Kook,<sup id="cite_ref-Concentrating_on_Kook_32-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Concentrating_on_Kook-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Bokser_33-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bokser-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Shapiro_34-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Shapiro-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> there were some who spoke out in his support. In a letter to Kook, <a href="/wiki/Isser_Zalman_Meltzer" title="Isser Zalman Meltzer">Isser Zalman Meltzer</a> and <a href="/wiki/Moshe_Mordechai_Epstein" title="Moshe Mordechai Epstein">Moshe Mordechai Epstein</a> greeted Kook with "Our honored friend, the great gaon and glory of the generation, our master and teacher, Avraham Yitzchak Hacohen, shlita". Meltzer was also quoted as saying "Let them, any of us, pray on Yom Kippur the way Rav Kook prays on an average weekday."<sup id="cite_ref-43" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>There are also some rabbis who spoke very highly of Kook in greetings of the letters they sent to him. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Chaim_Ozer_Grodzinski" title="Chaim Ozer Grodzinski">Chaim Ozer Grodzinski</a>: "Our friend, the gaon, our master and teacher, Rabbi Avraham Yitzchak Kook, shlita" and "The Glory of Honor, My Dear Friend, Ha-Rav Ha-Gaon, Ha-Gadol, the Famous One... The Prince of Torah, Our Teacher, Ha-Rav Avraham Yitzchak Ha-Cohen Kook Shlita..."<sup id="cite_ref-44" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Boruch_Ber_Leibowitz" title="Boruch Ber Leibowitz">Boruch Ber Leibowitz</a>: "The true gaon, the beauty, and glory of the generation, the tzaddik, his holiness, Rabbi Avraham Yitzchak, may his light shine, may he live for length of good days and years amen, the righteous Cohen, head of the beis din [court] in Jerusalem, the holy city, may it soon be built and established." </p><p><a href="/wiki/Yosef_Yitzchok_Schneersohn" class="mw-redirect" title="Yosef Yitzchok Schneersohn">Yosef Yitzchok Schneersohn</a> of Lubavitch: "The Gaon who is renowned with splendor among the Geonim of Ya'akov, Amud HaYemini, Patish HaChazak..."<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (May 2023)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Chatzkel_Abramsky" class="mw-redirect" title="Chatzkel Abramsky">Chatzkel Abramsky</a>: "The honored man, beloved of Hashem and his nation, the rabbi, the gaon, great and well-known, with breadth of knowledge, the glory of the generation, etc., etc., our master Rabbi Avraham Yitzchak Hacohen Kook, shlita, Chief Rabbi of the Land of Israel and the head of the Beis Din in the holy city of Jerusalem"<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (May 2023)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Yitzchak_Hutner" title="Yitzchak Hutner">Yitzchak Hutner</a>: "The glorious honor of our master, our teacher and rabbi, the great gaon, the crown and sanctity of Israel, Maran [our master] Rabbi Avraham Yitzchak Hacohen Kook, shlita!"<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (May 2023)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>Additionally, although the <a href="/wiki/Yisrael_Meir_Kagan" title="Yisrael Meir Kagan">Chofetz Chaim</a> never spoke in praise of Kook, he did condemn the pamphlet that was put out against him.<sup id="cite_ref-SzalaiHorváth2007_45-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SzalaiHorváth2007-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Resources">Resources</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Abraham_Isaac_Kook&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Resources"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Writings">Writings</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Abraham_Isaac_Kook&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Writings"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Orot_("Lights")_books"><span id="Orot_.28.22Lights.22.29_books"></span>Orot ("Lights") books</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Abraham_Isaac_Kook&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Orot ("Lights") books"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><i>Orot</i> – organized and published by Rabbi <a href="/wiki/Zvi_Yehuda_Kook" title="Zvi Yehuda Kook">Zvi Yehuda Kook</a>, 1920. English translation by Bezalel Naor (Jason Aronson, 1993). <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-56821-017-5" title="Special:BookSources/1-56821-017-5">1-56821-017-5</a></li> <li><i>Orot HaTeshuvah</i> – English translation by Ben-Zion Metzger (Bloch Pub. Co., 1968). ASIN B0006DXU94</li> <li><i>Orot HaEmuna</i></li> <li><i>Orot HaKodesh</i> - four volumes, organized and published by Rabbi <a href="/wiki/David_Cohen_(rabbi)" title="David Cohen (rabbi)">David Cohen</a></li> <li><i>Orot HaTorah</i> - organized and published by Rabbi <a href="/wiki/Zvi_Yehuda_Kook" title="Zvi Yehuda Kook">Zvi Yehuda Kook</a>, 1940.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Jewish_thought">Jewish thought</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Abraham_Isaac_Kook&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: Jewish thought"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><i>Chavosh Pe'er</i> – on the mitzvah of <a href="/wiki/Tefillin" title="Tefillin">tefillin</a>. First printed in Warsaw, 1890.</li> <li><i>Eder HaYakar</i> and <i>Ikvei HaTzon</i> - essays about the new generation and a philosophical understanding of God. First printed in Jaffa in 1906.</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Ein_Ayah" title="Ein Ayah">Ein Ayah</a></i> – commentary on <i><a href="/wiki/Ein_Yaakov" title="Ein Yaakov">Ein Yaakov</a></i> the <a href="/wiki/Aggada" class="mw-redirect" title="Aggada">Aggadic</a> sections of the Talmud. Printed in Jerusalem, 1995.</li> <li><i>Ma'amarei HaRe'iyah</i> (two volumes) – a collection of articles and lectures, many originally published in various periodicals. Printed in Jerusalem, 1984.</li> <li><i>Midbar Shur</i> – sermons written by Rav Kook while serving as a rabbi in Zaumel and Boisk in 1894–1896.</li> <li><i>Reish Millin</i> – Kabbalistic discussion of the Hebrew alphabet and punctuation. Printed in London, 1917.<sup id="cite_ref-46" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-47" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Halakha">Halakha</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Abraham_Isaac_Kook&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: Halakha"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><i>Be'er Eliyahu</i> – on Hilchos Dayanim</li> <li><i>Orach Mishpat</i> – Shu"t on <a href="/wiki/Orach_Chayim" title="Orach Chayim">Orach Chayim</a></li> <li><i>Ezrat Cohen</i> – Shu"t on <a href="/wiki/Even_HaEzer" class="mw-redirect" title="Even HaEzer">Even HaEzer</a></li> <li><i>Mishpat Kohen</i> – Shu"t on issues relating to Eretz Yisrael</li> <li><i>Zivchei R'Iyah</i>- Shu"t and Chidushim on Zvachim and Avodat Beit HaBchira</li> <li><i>Shabbat Haaretz</i> hilchot shevi'it (shemittah)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Unedited_and_other">Unedited and other</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Abraham_Isaac_Kook&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: Unedited and other"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><i>Shmoneh Kvatzim</i> – volume 2 of which was republished as <i>Arpilei Tohar</i><sup id="cite_ref-48" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><i>Olat Raiyah</i> – Commentary on the <a href="/wiki/Siddur" title="Siddur">Siddur</a></li> <li><i>Igrot HaRaiyah</i> – Collected letters of Rav Kook</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Translation_and_commentary">Translation and commentary</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Abraham_Isaac_Kook&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: Translation and commentary"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>(translation), <i>Abraham Isaac Kook: The Lights of Penitence, The Moral Principles, Lights of Holiness, Essays, Letters, and Poems</i>, Ben Zion Bokser, Paulist Press 1978. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-8091-2159-X" title="Special:BookSources/0-8091-2159-X">0-8091-2159-X</a> [Includes complete English translations of Orot ha-Teshuva ("The Lights of Penitence"), Musar Avicha ("The Moral Principles"), as well as selected translations from Orot ha-Kodesh ("The Lights of Holiness") and miscellaneous essays, letters, and poems.]</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSamsonTzvi_Fishman1996" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/David_Samson_(rabbi)" title="David Samson (rabbi)">Samson, David</a>; Tzvi Fishman (1996). <i>Lights Of Orot</i>. Jerusalem: Torat Eretz Yisrael Publications. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/965-90114-0-7" title="Special:BookSources/965-90114-0-7"><bdi>965-90114-0-7</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Lights+Of+Orot&rft.place=Jerusalem&rft.pub=Torat+Eretz+Yisrael+Publications&rft.date=1996&rft.isbn=965-90114-0-7&rft.aulast=Samson&rft.aufirst=David&rft.au=Tzvi+Fishman&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAbraham+Isaac+Kook" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSamsonTzvi_Fishman1997" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/David_Samson_(rabbi)" title="David Samson (rabbi)">Samson, David</a>; Tzvi Fishman (1997). <i>War and Peace</i>. Jerusalem: Torat Eretz Yisrael Publications. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/965-90114-2-3" title="Special:BookSources/965-90114-2-3"><bdi>965-90114-2-3</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=War+and+Peace&rft.place=Jerusalem&rft.pub=Torat+Eretz+Yisrael+Publications&rft.date=1997&rft.isbn=965-90114-2-3&rft.aulast=Samson&rft.aufirst=David&rft.au=Tzvi+Fishman&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAbraham+Isaac+Kook" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSamsonTzvi_Fishman1999" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/David_Samson_(rabbi)" title="David Samson (rabbi)">Samson, David</a>; Tzvi Fishman (1999). <i>The Art of T'Shuva</i>. Jerusalem: Beit Orot Publications. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/965-90114-3-1" title="Special:BookSources/965-90114-3-1"><bdi>965-90114-3-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Art+of+T%27Shuva&rft.place=Jerusalem&rft.pub=Beit+Orot+Publications&rft.date=1999&rft.isbn=965-90114-3-1&rft.aulast=Samson&rft.aufirst=David&rft.au=Tzvi+Fishman&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAbraham+Isaac+Kook" class="Z3988"></span> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.yeshiva.org.il/midrash/Emidrash.aspx?cat=991">Online edition</a>.</li> <li>(translation), <i>The Essential Writings of Abraham Isaac Kook</i>, Ben Yehuda Press 2006 (reprint). <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-9769862-3-X" title="Special:BookSources/0-9769862-3-X">0-9769862-3-X</a></li> <li>Rabbi Chanan Morrison, <i>Gold from the Land of Israel: A New Light on the Weekly Torah Portion From the Writings of Rabbi Abraham Isaac HaKohen Kook</i>, Urim Publications 2006. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/965-7108-92-6" title="Special:BookSources/965-7108-92-6">965-7108-92-6</a>.</li> <li>Rabbi Chanan Morrison, <i>Silver from the Land of Israel: A New Light on the Sabbath and Holidays From the Writings of Rabbi Abraham Isaac HaKohen Kook</i>, Urim Publications 2010. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/965-524-042-8" title="Special:BookSources/965-524-042-8">965-524-042-8</a>.</li> <li>Rabbi Chanan Morrison, <i>The Splendor of Tefillin: Insights into the Mitzvah of Tefillin from the Writings of Rabbi Abraham Isaac HaKohen Kook</i>, CreateSpace 2012. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/148-001-997-6" title="Special:BookSources/148-001-997-6">148-001-997-6</a>.</li> <li>Rabbi Chanan Morrison, <i>Sapphire from the Land of Israel: A New Light on the Weekly Torah Portion From the Writings of Rabbi Abraham Isaac HaKohen Kook</i>, CreateSpace 2013. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/149-090-936-2" title="Special:BookSources/149-090-936-2">149-090-936-2</a>.</li> <li>Rabbi Gideon Weitzman, <i>Sparks of Light: Essays on the Weekly Torah Portions Based on the Philosophy of Rav Kook</i>, Jason Aronson. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-7657-6080-0" title="Special:BookSources/0-7657-6080-0">0-7657-6080-0</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0765760807" title="Special:BookSources/978-0765760807">978-0765760807</a>.</li> <li>Rabbi Gideon Weitzman, <i>Light of Redemption: A Passover Haggadah Based on the Writings of Rav Kook</i>, Urim Publications. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-965-7108-71-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-965-7108-71-0">978-965-7108-71-0</a>.</li></ul> <p>Also there is now a musical project that presents Kook's poetry with musical accompaniment. HA'OROT-THE LIGHTS OF RAV KOOK by Greg Wall's Later Prophets Featuring Rabbi Itzchak Marmorstein – released on Tzadik Records, April 2009.<sup id="cite_ref-49" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-50" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-51" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Analysis">Analysis</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Abraham_Isaac_Kook&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section: Analysis"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><i>The Philosophy of Rabbi Kook</i>, Zvi Yaron, Eliner Library, 1992.</li> <li><i>Essays on the Thought and Philosophy of Rabbi Kook</i>, ed. Ezra Gellman, Fairleigh Dickinson University Press, 1991. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-8386-3452-4" title="Special:BookSources/0-8386-3452-4">0-8386-3452-4</a></li> <li><i>The World of Rav Kook's Thought</i>, <a href="/wiki/Shalom_Carmy" title="Shalom Carmy">Shalom Carmy</a>, Avi-Chai Publishers, 1991. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-9623723-2-3" title="Special:BookSources/0-9623723-2-3">0-9623723-2-3</a></li> <li><i>Rav Avraham Itzhak HaCohen Kook: Between Rationalism and Mysticism</i>, Benjamin Ish-Shalom, translation Ora Wiskind Elper, SUNY Press, 1993. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-7914-1369-1" title="Special:BookSources/0-7914-1369-1">0-7914-1369-1</a></li> <li><i>Religious Zionism of Rav Kook</i> <a href="/wiki/Pinchas_Polonsky" title="Pinchas Polonsky">Pinchas Polonsky</a>, <a href="/wiki/Machanaim" title="Machanaim">Machanaim</a>, 2009, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-965-91446-0-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-965-91446-0-0">978-965-91446-0-0</a></li> <li><i>Rabbi Abraham Isaac Kook and Jewish Spirituality </i>, Lawrence J. Kaplan & <a href="/wiki/David_Shatz" title="David Shatz">David Shatz</a>, <a href="/wiki/NYU_Press" class="mw-redirect" title="NYU Press">NYU Press</a>, 1994, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0814746530" title="Special:BookSources/978-0814746530">978-0814746530</a></li> <li>Ghila Amati, "Discovering the Depths Within: Kook’s Zionism and the Philosophy of Life of Henri Bergson," <i>Religions</i> 2023, 14(2), 261; <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://doi.org/10.3390/rel14020261">https://doi.org/10.3390/rel14020261</a></li> <li>Ghila Amati, "Freedom, Creativity, the Self, and God: Between Rabbi Kook and Bergson’s Lebensphilosophie," 'Harvard Theological Review' 2024, 117(3):558-582. doi:10.1017/S0017816024000221</li> <li>Ephraim Chamiel, The Dual Truth - Studies in Nineteenth-Century Modern Religious Thought and its Influence on Twentiest-Century Jewish Philosophy, Academic Studies Press, Boston 2019, Vol II, pp. 449–499.</li> <li>Ephraim Chamiel, Between Religion and Reason - The Dialectic Position in Contemporary Jewish Thought, Academic Studies Press, Boston 2020, part I, pp. 7–15.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Biography_2">Biography</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Abraham_Isaac_Kook&action=edit&section=23" title="Edit section: Biography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Simcha_Raz&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Simcha Raz (page does not exist)">Simcha Raz</a>, <i>Angel Among Men: Impressions from the Life of Rav Avraham Yitzchak Hakohen Kook Zt""L</i>, translated (from Hebrew) Moshe D. Lichtman, Urim Publications 2003. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/965-7108-53-5" title="Special:BookSources/965-7108-53-5">965-7108-53-5</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-9657108536" title="Special:BookSources/978-9657108536">978-9657108536</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dov_Peretz_Elkins&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dov Peretz Elkins (page does not exist)">Dov Peretz Elkins</a>, <i>Shepherd of Jerusalem: A Biography of Rabbi Abraham Isaac Kook</i>, 2005. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1420872613" title="Special:BookSources/978-1420872613">978-1420872613</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yehudah_Mirsky&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Yehudah Mirsky (page does not exist)">Yehudah Mirsky</a>, <i>"An Intellectual and Spiritual Biography of Rabbi Avraham Yitzhaq Ha-Cohen Kook from 1865 to 1904,"</i> Ph.D. Dissertation, Harvard University, 2007.</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yehudah_Mirsky&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Yehudah Mirsky (page does not exist)">Yehudah Mirsky</a>, <i>"Rav Kook: Mystic in a Time of Revolution (Jewish Lives)"</i>, Yale University Press, 2014, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0300164244" title="Special:BookSources/978-0300164244">978-0300164244</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Quotes">Quotes</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Abraham_Isaac_Kook&action=edit&section=24" title="Edit section: Quotes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Therefore, the pure righteous do not complain of the dark, but increase the light; they do not complain of evil, but increase justice; they do not complain of heresy, but increase faith; they do not complain of ignorance, but increase wisdom.<sup id="cite_ref-52" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>There could be a freeman with the spirit of the slave, and there could be a slave with a spirit full of freedom; whoever is faithful to himself – he is a freeman, and whoever fills his life only with what is good and beautiful in the eyes of others – he is a slave.<sup id="cite_ref-53" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Gallery">Gallery</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Abraham_Isaac_Kook&action=edit&section=25" title="Edit section: Gallery"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Funeral_of_chief_rabbi_A._I._Kook,_Jerusalem_1935.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Kooks funeral, Jerusalem 1935"><img alt="Kooks funeral, Jerusalem 1935" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Funeral_of_chief_rabbi_A._I._Kook%2C_Jerusalem_1935.jpg/120px-Funeral_of_chief_rabbi_A._I._Kook%2C_Jerusalem_1935.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="86" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Funeral_of_chief_rabbi_A._I._Kook%2C_Jerusalem_1935.jpg/180px-Funeral_of_chief_rabbi_A._I._Kook%2C_Jerusalem_1935.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Funeral_of_chief_rabbi_A._I._Kook%2C_Jerusalem_1935.jpg/240px-Funeral_of_chief_rabbi_A._I._Kook%2C_Jerusalem_1935.jpg 2x" data-file-width="850" data-file-height="612" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Kooks funeral, Jerusalem 1935</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Kook_and_Sonnenfeld.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Kook and Sonnenfeld"><img alt="Kook and Sonnenfeld" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/Kook_and_Sonnenfeld.jpg/120px-Kook_and_Sonnenfeld.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="94" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/Kook_and_Sonnenfeld.jpg/180px-Kook_and_Sonnenfeld.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/Kook_and_Sonnenfeld.jpg/240px-Kook_and_Sonnenfeld.jpg 2x" data-file-width="893" data-file-height="697" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Kook and Sonnenfeld</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Abraham_Isaac_Kook%2BTzvi_Pesach_Frank.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Kook and Frank"><img alt="Kook and Frank" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/Abraham_Isaac_Kook%2BTzvi_Pesach_Frank.jpg/120px-Abraham_Isaac_Kook%2BTzvi_Pesach_Frank.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="96" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/Abraham_Isaac_Kook%2BTzvi_Pesach_Frank.jpg/180px-Abraham_Isaac_Kook%2BTzvi_Pesach_Frank.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/Abraham_Isaac_Kook%2BTzvi_Pesach_Frank.jpg/240px-Abraham_Isaac_Kook%2BTzvi_Pesach_Frank.jpg 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="239" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Kook and Frank</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Letter_of_Rav_Boruch_Ber_Leibowitz_About_Rav_Kook.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Letter of Boruch Ber Leibowitz about Kook"><img alt="Letter of Boruch Ber Leibowitz about Kook" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Letter_of_Rav_Boruch_Ber_Leibowitz_About_Rav_Kook.jpg/120px-Letter_of_Rav_Boruch_Ber_Leibowitz_About_Rav_Kook.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="64" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Letter_of_Rav_Boruch_Ber_Leibowitz_About_Rav_Kook.jpg/180px-Letter_of_Rav_Boruch_Ber_Leibowitz_About_Rav_Kook.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Letter_of_Rav_Boruch_Ber_Leibowitz_About_Rav_Kook.jpg/240px-Letter_of_Rav_Boruch_Ber_Leibowitz_About_Rav_Kook.jpg 2x" data-file-width="904" data-file-height="484" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Letter of Boruch Ber Leibowitz about Kook</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Letter_of_Rav_Chaim_Ozer_Grodzinsky_About_Rav_Kook.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Letter of Chaim Ozer Grodzinsky about Kook"><img alt="Letter of Chaim Ozer Grodzinsky about Kook" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/Letter_of_Rav_Chaim_Ozer_Grodzinsky_About_Rav_Kook.jpg/120px-Letter_of_Rav_Chaim_Ozer_Grodzinsky_About_Rav_Kook.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="77" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/Letter_of_Rav_Chaim_Ozer_Grodzinsky_About_Rav_Kook.jpg/180px-Letter_of_Rav_Chaim_Ozer_Grodzinsky_About_Rav_Kook.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/Letter_of_Rav_Chaim_Ozer_Grodzinsky_About_Rav_Kook.jpg/240px-Letter_of_Rav_Chaim_Ozer_Grodzinsky_About_Rav_Kook.jpg 2x" data-file-width="904" data-file-height="578" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Letter of Chaim Ozer Grodzinsky about Kook</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:BadatzSupportingRavKook.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Badatz Eidah Chareidis writing In support and Defense of Kook"><img alt="Badatz Eidah Chareidis writing In support and Defense of Kook" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/BadatzSupportingRavKook.jpg/77px-BadatzSupportingRavKook.jpg" decoding="async" width="77" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/BadatzSupportingRavKook.jpg/116px-BadatzSupportingRavKook.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/BadatzSupportingRavKook.jpg/155px-BadatzSupportingRavKook.jpg 2x" data-file-width="858" data-file-height="1329" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Badatz Eidah Chareidis writing In support and Defense of Kook</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:House_of_Rav_Kook_in_Jerusalem,_Israel.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Main entrance of Kook's house in Jerusalem, Israel"><img alt="Main entrance of Kook's house in Jerusalem, Israel" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/House_of_Rav_Kook_in_Jerusalem%2C_Israel.jpg/120px-House_of_Rav_Kook_in_Jerusalem%2C_Israel.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="80" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/House_of_Rav_Kook_in_Jerusalem%2C_Israel.jpg/180px-House_of_Rav_Kook_in_Jerusalem%2C_Israel.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/House_of_Rav_Kook_in_Jerusalem%2C_Israel.jpg/240px-House_of_Rav_Kook_in_Jerusalem%2C_Israel.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4272" data-file-height="2848" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Main entrance of Kook's house in Jerusalem, Israel</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Plaque_above_Rav_Kook%27s_house_in_Jerusalem,_Israel.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Stone carving above door where Kook lived when he was the Chief Rabbi in the 1920s and 30s."><img alt="Stone carving above door where Kook lived when he was the Chief Rabbi in the 1920s and 30s." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Plaque_above_Rav_Kook%27s_house_in_Jerusalem%2C_Israel.jpg/120px-Plaque_above_Rav_Kook%27s_house_in_Jerusalem%2C_Israel.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="80" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Plaque_above_Rav_Kook%27s_house_in_Jerusalem%2C_Israel.jpg/180px-Plaque_above_Rav_Kook%27s_house_in_Jerusalem%2C_Israel.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Plaque_above_Rav_Kook%27s_house_in_Jerusalem%2C_Israel.jpg/240px-Plaque_above_Rav_Kook%27s_house_in_Jerusalem%2C_Israel.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4272" data-file-height="2848" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Stone carving above door where Kook lived when he was the Chief Rabbi in the 1920s and 30s.</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Rav_Kook%27s_Rabbinic_Seminary_and_Synagogue.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Interior view of the part of Kook's house used for Yeshiva Mercaz HaRav as well as synagogue."><img alt="Interior view of the part of Kook's house used for Yeshiva Mercaz HaRav as well as synagogue." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Rav_Kook%27s_Rabbinic_Seminary_and_Synagogue.jpg/120px-Rav_Kook%27s_Rabbinic_Seminary_and_Synagogue.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="80" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Rav_Kook%27s_Rabbinic_Seminary_and_Synagogue.jpg/180px-Rav_Kook%27s_Rabbinic_Seminary_and_Synagogue.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Rav_Kook%27s_Rabbinic_Seminary_and_Synagogue.jpg/240px-Rav_Kook%27s_Rabbinic_Seminary_and_Synagogue.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4272" data-file-height="2848" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Interior view of the part of Kook's house used for Yeshiva Mercaz HaRav as well as synagogue.</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:%D7%99%D7%A8%D7%95%D7%A9%D7%9C%D7%99%D7%9D_-_%D7%94%D7%A8%D7%91_%D7%A7%D7%95%D7%A7-JNF040046.jpeg" class="mw-file-description" title="Rabbi Kook in 1920"><img alt="Rabbi Kook in 1920" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/%D7%99%D7%A8%D7%95%D7%A9%D7%9C%D7%99%D7%9D_-_%D7%94%D7%A8%D7%91_%D7%A7%D7%95%D7%A7-JNF040046.jpeg/82px-%D7%99%D7%A8%D7%95%D7%A9%D7%9C%D7%99%D7%9D_-_%D7%94%D7%A8%D7%91_%D7%A7%D7%95%D7%A7-JNF040046.jpeg" decoding="async" width="82" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/%D7%99%D7%A8%D7%95%D7%A9%D7%9C%D7%99%D7%9D_-_%D7%94%D7%A8%D7%91_%D7%A7%D7%95%D7%A7-JNF040046.jpeg/123px-%D7%99%D7%A8%D7%95%D7%A9%D7%9C%D7%99%D7%9D_-_%D7%94%D7%A8%D7%91_%D7%A7%D7%95%D7%A7-JNF040046.jpeg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/%D7%99%D7%A8%D7%95%D7%A9%D7%9C%D7%99%D7%9D_-_%D7%94%D7%A8%D7%91_%D7%A7%D7%95%D7%A7-JNF040046.jpeg/163px-%D7%99%D7%A8%D7%95%D7%A9%D7%9C%D7%99%D7%9D_-_%D7%94%D7%A8%D7%91_%D7%A7%D7%95%D7%A7-JNF040046.jpeg 2x" data-file-width="409" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Rabbi Kook in 1920</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Memorial_Plaque_to_Abraham_Isaac_Kook_in_Daugavpils,_Latvia.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Memorial Plaque in Daugavpils, Latvia"><img alt="Memorial Plaque in Daugavpils, Latvia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Memorial_Plaque_to_Abraham_Isaac_Kook_in_Daugavpils%2C_Latvia.jpg/92px-Memorial_Plaque_to_Abraham_Isaac_Kook_in_Daugavpils%2C_Latvia.jpg" decoding="async" width="92" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Memorial_Plaque_to_Abraham_Isaac_Kook_in_Daugavpils%2C_Latvia.jpg/138px-Memorial_Plaque_to_Abraham_Isaac_Kook_in_Daugavpils%2C_Latvia.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Memorial_Plaque_to_Abraham_Isaac_Kook_in_Daugavpils%2C_Latvia.jpg/185px-Memorial_Plaque_to_Abraham_Isaac_Kook_in_Daugavpils%2C_Latvia.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3654" data-file-height="4750" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Memorial Plaque in <a href="/wiki/Daugavpils" title="Daugavpils">Daugavpils</a>, <a href="/wiki/Latvia" title="Latvia">Latvia</a></div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Abraham_Isaac_Kook&action=edit&section=26" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hardal" title="Hardal">Hardal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religious_Zionism" title="Religious Zionism">Religious Zionism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Torat_Eretz_Yisrael" title="Torat Eretz Yisrael">Torat Eretz Yisrael</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hebrew_Universalism_(philosophy)" title="Hebrew Universalism (philosophy)">Hebrew Universalism</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Abraham_Isaac_Kook&action=edit&section=27" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSinger1996" class="citation journal cs1">Singer, David (1996). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/23261279">"Rav Kook's Contested Legacy"</a>. <i>Tradition: A Journal of Orthodox Jewish Thought</i>. <b>30</b> (3): 6–20. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/23261279">23261279</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Tradition%3A+A+Journal+of+Orthodox+Jewish+Thought&rft.atitle=Rav+Kook%27s+Contested+Legacy&rft.volume=30&rft.issue=3&rft.pages=6-20&rft.date=1996&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F23261279%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft.aulast=Singer&rft.aufirst=David&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F23261279&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAbraham+Isaac+Kook" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">And by his followers, simply as <b>HaRav</b>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">from הַרַב אַבְרָהָם יִצְחָק הַכֹּהֵן <i><b>h</b>a<b>R</b>av <b>ʾA</b>vrāhām <b>Y</b>īṣḥāq <b>h</b>aKōhēn</i></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRozenaḳ2007" class="citation journal cs1">Rozenaḳ, Avinoʻam (1 January 2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://muse.jhu.edu/journals/shofar/v025/25.3rosenak.html">"Hidden Diaries and New Discoveries: The Life and Thought of Rabbi A. I. Kook"</a>. <i>Shofar: An Interdisciplinary Journal of Jewish Studies</i>. <b>25</b> (3): 111–147. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1353%2Fsho.2007.0085">10.1353/sho.2007.0085</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/1534-5165">1534-5165</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:170098496">170098496</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Shofar%3A+An+Interdisciplinary+Journal+of+Jewish+Studies&rft.atitle=Hidden+Diaries+and+New+Discoveries%3A+The+Life+and+Thought+of+Rabbi+A.+I.+Kook&rft.volume=25&rft.issue=3&rft.pages=111-147&rft.date=2007-01-01&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A170098496%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft.issn=1534-5165&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1353%2Fsho.2007.0085&rft.aulast=Rozena%E1%B8%B3&rft.aufirst=Avino%CA%BBam&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fmuse.jhu.edu%2Fjournals%2Fshofar%2Fv025%2F25.3rosenak.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAbraham+Isaac+Kook" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ShamBook-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-ShamBook_5-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ShamBook_5-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ShamBook_5-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ShamBook_5-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ShamBook_5-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFriedman1988" class="citation book cs1">Friedman, Masha (1988). <i>Stories From the Life of Rav Kook</i>. Beit Shamai Publications. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-944921-00-0" title="Special:BookSources/0-944921-00-0"><bdi>0-944921-00-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Stories+From+the+Life+of+Rav+Kook&rft.pub=Beit+Shamai+Publications&rft.date=1988&rft.isbn=0-944921-00-0&rft.aulast=Friedman&rft.aufirst=Masha&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAbraham+Isaac+Kook" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWilliam_B._Helmreich2000" class="citation book cs1">William B. Helmreich (February 2000). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=zjfPA1NZFbgC&pg=PA7"><i>The World of the Yeshiva: An Intimate Portrait of Orthodox Jewry</i></a>. KTAV Publishing House, Inc. pp. 6–8. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-88125-641-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-88125-641-3"><bdi>978-0-88125-641-3</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 September</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+World+of+the+Yeshiva%3A+An+Intimate+Portrait+of+Orthodox+Jewry&rft.pages=6-8&rft.pub=KTAV+Publishing+House%2C+Inc.&rft.date=2000-02&rft.isbn=978-0-88125-641-3&rft.au=William+B.+Helmreich&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DzjfPA1NZFbgC%26pg%3DPA7&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAbraham+Isaac+Kook" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">"Chazon Hageulah," p. 11, Jerusalem 1941 (Hebrew)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.hevratpinto.org/tzadikim_eng/143_rabbi_eliyahu_david_rabinowitz.html">"Rabbi Eliyahu David Rabinowitz-Teomim • "The Aderet"<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a>. <i>www.hevratpinto.org</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">12 September</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.hevratpinto.org&rft.atitle=Rabbi+Eliyahu+David+Rabinowitz-Teomim+%E2%80%A2+%22The+Aderet%22&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.hevratpinto.org%2Ftzadikim_eng%2F143_rabbi_eliyahu_david_rabinowitz.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAbraham+Isaac+Kook" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.thelehrhaus.com/scholarship/the-hasidism-of-rav-kook/">"The Hasidism of Rav Kook | The Lehrhaus"</a>. <i>www.thelehrhaus.com</i>. 25 December 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">12 September</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.thelehrhaus.com&rft.atitle=The+Hasidism+of+Rav+Kook+%7C+The+Lehrhaus&rft.date=2017-12-25&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.thelehrhaus.com%2Fscholarship%2Fthe-hasidism-of-rav-kook%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAbraham+Isaac+Kook" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ravkooktorah.org/timeline.htm">"Rabbi Abraham Isaac HaKohen Kook (1865-1935)"</a>. <i>www.ravkooktorah.org</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">12 September</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.ravkooktorah.org&rft.atitle=Rabbi+Abraham+Isaac+HaKohen+Kook+%281865-1935%29&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ravkooktorah.org%2Ftimeline.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAbraham+Isaac+Kook" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFendel2017" class="citation news cs1">Fendel, Hillel (25 August 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.jewishpress.com/indepth/opinions/rav-kook-from-the-pages-of-the-jewish-press-in-1961/2017/08/25">"Rav Kook, From The Pages Of The Jewish Press In 1961"</a>. <i>The Jewish Press</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Jewish+Press&rft.atitle=Rav+Kook%2C+From+The+Pages+Of+The+Jewish+Press+In+1961&rft.date=2017-08-25&rft.aulast=Fendel&rft.aufirst=Hillel&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.jewishpress.com%2Findepth%2Fopinions%2Frav-kook-from-the-pages-of-the-jewish-press-in-1961%2F2017%2F08%2F25&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAbraham+Isaac+Kook" class="Z3988"></span>, citing <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFeldman1961" class="citation news cs1">Feldman, Yaakov Moshe (1961). <i>The Jewish Press</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Jewish+Press&rft.date=1961&rft.aulast=Feldman&rft.aufirst=Yaakov+Moshe&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAbraham+Isaac+Kook" class="Z3988"></span> <span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_news" title="Template:Cite news">cite news</a>}}</code>: </span><span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment">Missing or empty <code class="cs1-code">|title=</code> (<a href="/wiki/Help:CS1_errors#citation_missing_title" title="Help:CS1 errors">help</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">also spelled Zoimel, described in the book as a village</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMelamed2005" class="citation web cs1">Melamed, Avraham Levi (4 July 2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.yeshiva.co/midrash/3656">"Rabbi Tzvi Yehuda Kook: A Biographical Overview"</a>. <i>yeshiva.co</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=yeshiva.co&rft.atitle=Rabbi+Tzvi+Yehuda+Kook%3A+A+Biographical+Overview&rft.date=2005-07-04&rft.aulast=Melamed&rft.aufirst=Avraham+Levi&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.yeshiva.co%2Fmidrash%2F3656&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAbraham+Isaac+Kook" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="Public Domain" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/62/PD-icon.svg/12px-PD-icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/62/PD-icon.svg/18px-PD-icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/62/PD-icon.svg/24px-PD-icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="196" data-file-height="196" /></span></span> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJanovskyRosenthal1902" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1">Janovsky, S.; Rosenthal, Herman (1902). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.jewishencyclopedia.com/articles/2676-bausk">"BAUSK or BAUSKE"</a>. In <a href="/wiki/Isidore_Singer" title="Isidore Singer">Singer, Isidore</a>; et al. (eds.). <i><a href="/wiki/The_Jewish_Encyclopedia" title="The Jewish Encyclopedia">The Jewish Encyclopedia</a></i>. Vol. 2. New York: Funk & Wagnalls. pp. 601–602.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=BAUSK+or+BAUSKE&rft.btitle=The+Jewish+Encyclopedia&rft.place=New+York&rft.pages=601-602&rft.pub=Funk+%26+Wagnalls&rft.date=1902&rft.aulast=Janovsky&rft.aufirst=S.&rft.au=Rosenthal%2C+Herman&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.jewishencyclopedia.com%2Farticles%2F2676-bausk&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAbraham+Isaac+Kook" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">also spelled Boisk; described as a city</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMorrison2015" class="citation news cs1">Morrison, Chanan (29 May 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.israelnationalnews.com/news/345585">"The Nazir of Jerusalem"</a>. <i>Israel National News</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2 October</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Israel+National+News&rft.atitle=The+Nazir+of+Jerusalem&rft.date=2015-05-29&rft.aulast=Morrison&rft.aufirst=Chanan&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.israelnationalnews.com%2Fnews%2F345585&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAbraham+Isaac+Kook" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKook1985" class="citation book cs1">Kook, Avraham Yitzhak Hacoben (20 April 1985) [1961]. Cohen, David (ed.). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/stream/AVisionOfVegetarianismAndPeace"><i>A Vision of Vegetarianism and Peace</i></a>. Translated by Rubenstein, Jonathan L.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=A+Vision+of+Vegetarianism+and+Peace&rft.date=1985-04-20&rft.aulast=Kook&rft.aufirst=Avraham+Yitzhak+Hacoben&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fstream%2FAVisionOfVegetarianismAndPeace&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAbraham+Isaac+Kook" class="Z3988"></span> Translated to English as an appendix to <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRubenstein1986" class="citation thesis cs1">Rubenstein, Jonathan L. (1986). <i>None shall hurt or destroy: a translation of A vision of vegetarianism and peace by Rav Avraham Yitzhak Hacohen Cook</i> (Doctoral dissertation). Hebrew Union College-Jewish Institute of Religion, Cincinnati.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Adissertation&rft.title=None+shall+hurt+or+destroy%3A+a+translation+of+A+vision+of+vegetarianism+and+peace+by+Rav+Avraham+Yitzhak+Hacohen+Cook&rft.inst=Hebrew+Union+College-Jewish+Institute+of+Religion%2C+Cincinnati&rft.date=1986&rft.aulast=Rubenstein&rft.aufirst=Jonathan+L.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAbraham+Isaac+Kook" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKuk" class="citation web cs1">Kuk, Avraham Yitzchak. Kohen, David (ed.). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160305135741/http://www.jewishveg.com/DSvision.html">"Selections from "A Vision of Vegetarianism and Peace"<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a>. Translated by Sears, David. Jewish Vegetarians of North America. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.jewishveg.com/DSvision.html">the original</a> on 5 March 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">28 December</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Selections+from+%22A+Vision+of+Vegetarianism+and+Peace%22&rft.pub=Jewish+Vegetarians+of+North+America&rft.aulast=Kuk&rft.aufirst=Avraham+Yitzchak&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.jewishveg.com%2FDSvision.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAbraham+Isaac+Kook" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">"After serving as rabbi in the small town of Zoimel and later in the city of Boisk (Bauska), Latvia, in 1904 Rabbi Kook accepted the invitation of the port city of Jaffa ..."<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://orot.com/rav-kook">"Rav Kook - Orot"</a>. <i>orot.com</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=orot.com&rft.atitle=Rav+Kook+-+Orot&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Forot.com%2Frav-kook&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAbraham+Isaac+Kook" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Aharon Gaimani, "Scholars of Yemen Answer Questions of Rabbi A.I. Kook", in: <i>Ascending the Palm Tree – An Anthology of the Yemenite Jewish Heritage</i>, Rachel Yedid & Danny Bar-Maoz (ed.), E'ele BeTamar: Rehovot 2018, pp. 88–125 <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/1041776317">1041776317</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">"Masa le-Teiman," by Shmuel Yavne'eli, pp. 187–188; 196–199, Tel-Aviv 1952 (Hebrew)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.israelnationalnews.com/Articles/Article.aspx/10941">"1913: Rabbi Kook Leads Rabbis' Tour of the Moshavot"</a>. <i>Israel National News</i>. 3 December 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">12 September</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Israel+National+News&rft.atitle=1913%3A+Rabbi+Kook+Leads+Rabbis%27+Tour+of+the+Moshavot&rft.date=2011-12-03&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.israelnationalnews.com%2FArticles%2FArticle.aspx%2F10941&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAbraham+Isaac+Kook" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Abraham-Isaac-Kook">"Abraham Isaac Kook | chief rabbi of Palestine | Britannica"</a>. January 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Abraham+Isaac+Kook+%26%23124%3B+chief+rabbi+of+Palestine+%26%23124%3B+Britannica&rft.date=2024-01&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.britannica.com%2Fbiography%2FAbraham-Isaac-Kook&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAbraham+Isaac+Kook" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.oztorah.com/2013/12/rav-kook-in-london/">"Blog Archive » Rav Kook in London"</a>. <i>OzTorah.com</i>. 22 December 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">7 January</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=OzTorah.com&rft.atitle=Blog+Archive+%C2%BB+Rav+Kook+in+London&rft.date=2013-12-22&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.oztorah.com%2F2013%2F12%2Frav-kook-in-london%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAbraham+Isaac+Kook" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ravkooktorah.org/PSALM43.htm">"Rav Kook on Psalm 43: The London Bomb Shelter"</a>. <i>Ravkooktorah.org</i>. 19 January 1915<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">7 January</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Ravkooktorah.org&rft.atitle=Rav+Kook+on+Psalm+43%3A+The+London+Bomb+Shelter&rft.date=1915-01-19&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ravkooktorah.org%2FPSALM43.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAbraham+Isaac+Kook" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">The following "Public Notice" appeared in the Palestine Gazette on April 1, 1921: <br /> "The Rabbinical Assembly held in Jerusalem on February 24th, 1921, Adar-Rishon 16th 5681 elected the following Rabbis as the Rabbinical Council for Palestine: Rabbi <a href="/wiki/Jacob_Meir" class="mw-redirect" title="Jacob Meir">Jacob Meir</a> and Rabbi Abraham Isaac Cohen Kook as Chief Rabbis, and Rabbis Benjamin Alkosser, Benzion Koenka, and Abraham Pilosoph as Sephardic members, and Rabbis Zevi Pesah Frank, Yonah Raam and Fischel Bernstein as Ashkenazic members of the Council. Doctor M. Eliash, Mr. M. Levanon, and Mr. J. H. Panigel were elected as lay councillors to the Rabbinical Council. The Government of Palestine will recognize the Council and any Beth-Din sanctioned by it as the sole authorities in matters of Jewish Law. It will execute through the Civil Courts judgments given by the Beth-Din of the Council in first instance or on appeal as well as the judgments given by any Beth-Din in Palestine sanctioned by the Council. The appointment of <i><a href="/wiki/Hakham_Bashi" title="Hakham Bashi">Haham Bashi</a></i> no longer exists in Palestine; and no person is recognized by the Government as a Chief-Rabbi of Palestine except the Rabbis elected by the Assembly. W. H. DEEDES, Civil Secretary, Government House, March 18th, 1921." [End Quote]</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-27">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Jewish Affairs, in <i>Report by His Majesty's Government in the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland to the Council of the League of Nations on the Administration of Palestine and Trans-Jordan for the year 1935</i> by His Majesty's Government in the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland to the Council of the League of Nations on the administration of Palestine and Trans-Jordan for the year 1935, The Office of High Commissioner for Palestine and Trans-Jordan, Jerusalem, 1935</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-DISHON-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-DISHON_28-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDishon2008" class="citation journal cs1">Dishon, David (Fall 2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://shi-webfiles.s3.amazonaws.com/Havruta_2008_Issue2_DavidDishon.pdf">"<span class="cs1-kern-left"></span>"The Beauty of Yefet in the Tents of Shem"- Gentiles and Jews in the Thought of Rav Kook"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>Havruta: A Journal of Jewish Conversation</i>. <b>1</b> (2). Shalom Hartman Institute: 80–89<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2 October</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Havruta%3A+A+Journal+of+Jewish+Conversation&rft.atitle=%22The+Beauty+of+Yefet+in+the+Tents+of+Shem%22-+Gentiles+and+Jews+in+the+Thought+of+Rav+Kook&rft.ssn=fall&rft.volume=1&rft.issue=2&rft.pages=80-89&rft.date=2008&rft.aulast=Dishon&rft.aufirst=David&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fshi-webfiles.s3.amazonaws.com%2FHavruta_2008_Issue2_DavidDishon.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAbraham+Isaac+Kook" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-29">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20151208064858/http://yoel-ab.com/katava.asp?id=83">"אזמרך בלאמים - התיחסות גדולי ישראל לראי<i>ה קוק ולספרו </i>אורות<i>"</i></a><i>. </i>Yoel-ab.com<i>. 19 June 1996. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://yoel-ab.com/katava.asp?id=83">the original</a> on 8 December 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">7 January</span> 2016</span>.</i></cite><i><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Yoel-ab.com&rft.atitle=%D7%90%D7%96%D7%9E%D7%A8%D7%9A+%D7%91%D7%9C%D7%90%D7%9E%D7%99%D7%9D+-+%D7%94%D7%AA%D7%99%D7%97%D7%A1%D7%95%D7%AA+%D7%92%D7%93%D7%95%D7%9C%D7%99+%D7%99%D7%A9%D7%A8%D7%90%D7%9C+%D7%9C%D7%A8%D7%90%D7%99%D7%94+%D7%A7%D7%95%D7%A7+%D7%95%D7%9C%D7%A1%D7%A4%D7%A8%D7%95+%D7%90%D7%95%D7%A8%D7%95%D7%AA&rft.date=1996-06-19&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fyoel-ab.com%2Fkatava.asp%3Fid%3D83&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAbraham+Isaac+Kook" class="Z3988"></span></i></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-mirsky-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-mirsky_30-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-mirsky_30-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-mirsky_30-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-mirsky_30-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Yehudah Mirsky, <i>Rav Kook: Mystic in a Time of Revolution</i></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-31">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.mosadharavkook.com/">"מוסד הרב קוק | בית היוצר הגדול לספר התורני"</a>. <i>Mosadharavkook.com</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">7 January</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Mosadharavkook.com&rft.atitle=%D7%9E%D7%95%D7%A1%D7%93+%D7%94%D7%A8%D7%91+%D7%A7%D7%95%D7%A7+%26%23124%3B+%D7%91%D7%99%D7%AA+%D7%94%D7%99%D7%95%D7%A6%D7%A8+%D7%94%D7%92%D7%93%D7%95%D7%9C+%D7%9C%D7%A1%D7%A4%D7%A8+%D7%94%D7%AA%D7%95%D7%A8%D7%A0%D7%99&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.mosadharavkook.com%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAbraham+Isaac+Kook" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Concentrating_on_Kook-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Concentrating_on_Kook_32-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Concentrating_on_Kook_32-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFYudelson2016" class="citation news cs1">Yudelson, Larry (29 December 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://jewishstandard.timesofisrael.com/concentrating-on-kook/">"Concentrating on Kook"</a>. <i>Jewish Standard</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2 May</span> 2023</span>. <q>In formulating religious Zionism, Kook broke with most other Orthodox rabbis, who saw nothing but evil in the early Zionist pioneers, with their atheism, their Sabbath desecration, and their belief that their labor rather than God would save the Jewish people.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Jewish+Standard&rft.atitle=Concentrating+on+Kook&rft.date=2016-12-29&rft.aulast=Yudelson&rft.aufirst=Larry&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fjewishstandard.timesofisrael.com%2Fconcentrating-on-kook%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAbraham+Isaac+Kook" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Bokser-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Bokser_33-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Bokser_33-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBen_Zion_Bokser1981" class="citation book cs1">Ben Zion Bokser (1981). "A letter by the Gerer Rebbe". <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=xtwXAAAAIAAJ"><i>Conservative Judaism</i></a>. Vol. 35 (1-3 ed.). Rabbinical Assembly. pp. 26–30. <q>Many of them were not ritually observant; some were openly hostile to religion. Despite this, Rabbi Kook defended them, and even hailed them as playing a role, by their labors, in hastening the messianic deliverance. For the religious establishment of the old yishuv this was a heretical distortion which imperiled everything holy in Judaism, and they denounced Rabbi Kook as a misleader of his people.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=A+letter+by+the+Gerer+Rebbe&rft.btitle=Conservative+Judaism&rft.pages=26-30&rft.edition=1-3&rft.pub=Rabbinical+Assembly&rft.date=1981&rft.au=Ben+Zion+Bokser&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DxtwXAAAAIAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAbraham+Isaac+Kook" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Shapiro-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Shapiro_34-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Shapiro_34-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFShapiro2018" class="citation book cs1">Shapiro, Rabbi Yaakov (2018). <i>The Empty Wagon</i>. pp. 488–608. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1647647926" title="Special:BookSources/978-1647647926"><bdi>978-1647647926</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Empty+Wagon&rft.pages=488-608&rft.date=2018&rft.isbn=978-1647647926&rft.aulast=Shapiro&rft.aufirst=Rabbi+Yaakov&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAbraham+Isaac+Kook" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-KaplanShatz1995-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-KaplanShatz1995_35-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFShalom_Carmy1995" class="citation book cs1">Shalom Carmy (1995). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=-5gUCgAAQBAJ&pg=PA227">"Dialectic, Doubters, and a Self-Erasing Letter (Notes)"</a>. In Lawrence J. Kaplan; David Shatz; Kayann Short; Abouali Farmanfarmaian (eds.). <i>Rabbi Abraham Isaac Kook and Jewish Spirituality</i>. NYU Press. p. 227. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-8147-4653-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-8147-4653-0"><bdi>978-0-8147-4653-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Dialectic%2C+Doubters%2C+and+a+Self-Erasing+Letter+%28Notes%29&rft.btitle=Rabbi+Abraham+Isaac+Kook+and+Jewish+Spirituality&rft.pages=227&rft.pub=NYU+Press&rft.date=1995&rft.isbn=978-0-8147-4653-0&rft.au=Shalom+Carmy&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D-5gUCgAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPA227&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAbraham+Isaac+Kook" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Mirsky2014-36"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Mirsky2014_36-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFYehudah_Mirsky2014" class="citation book cs1">Yehudah Mirsky (11 February 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=IDt9AgAAQBAJ&pg=PA168"><i>Rav Kook: Mystic in a Time of Revolution</i></a>. Yale University Press. p. 168. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-300-16424-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-300-16424-4"><bdi>978-0-300-16424-4</bdi></a>. <q>There quickly followed a pamphlet banning Orot, which included frontal attacks on Kook and Charlap, and a declaration signed by Zonnenfeld, Diskin, and others: "We were astonished to see and hear gross things, foreign to the entire Torah, and we see that which we feared before his coming here, that he will introduce new forms of deviance that our rabbis and ancestors could not have imagined… He turns light to darkness, and darkness to light... It is to be deemed a sorcerer's book, and let it be known that it is forbidden to study [let alone] rely on all his nonsense and dreams.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Rav+Kook%3A+Mystic+in+a+Time+of+Revolution&rft.pages=168&rft.pub=Yale+University+Press&rft.date=2014-02-11&rft.isbn=978-0-300-16424-4&rft.au=Yehudah+Mirsky&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DIDt9AgAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPA168&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAbraham+Isaac+Kook" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Uffenheimer2005-37"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Uffenheimer2005_37-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRivka_Schatz_Uffenheimer2005" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a href="/wiki/Rivka_Schatz_Uffenheimer" title="Rivka Schatz Uffenheimer">Rivka Schatz Uffenheimer</a> (2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=pqfXAAAAMAAJ"><i>הרעיון המשיחי מאז גירוש ספרד</i></a> (in Hebrew). Magnes Press. p. 234. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9789654931830" title="Special:BookSources/9789654931830"><bdi>9789654931830</bdi></a>. <q>בקונטרס זה מופיע בפעם הראשונה דימויו של הרב קוק לשבתי צבי "וקאי באיסורא כיחידאי דאיהו נמי שיטתיה כיחידאי הש״ץ״. ולפני שהוא מביא ממאמרי הרב באות ׳תעודות׳ כגון מכתב בנו של הרבי מבלז, המזכיר את דברי הרבי: "וידוע דהרב דשם מירושלים ושמו קוק ימ"ש הוא רשע גמור וכבר טימא כמה צעירי עמנו ע"י מצודתו של חלקות לשונו ובספרים הטמאים, וד' יזכנו ויעביר רוח הטומאה מכל נפוצות עמו, ונזכה לעלות לציון ברנה, וכשנזכה שיהי' עת רצון מהש"י ולא עתה על ידיהם</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=%D7%94%D7%A8%D7%A2%D7%99%D7%95%D7%9F+%D7%94%D7%9E%D7%A9%D7%99%D7%97%D7%99+%D7%9E%D7%90%D7%96+%D7%92%D7%99%D7%A8%D7%95%D7%A9+%D7%A1%D7%A4%D7%A8%D7%93&rft.pages=234&rft.pub=Magnes+Press&rft.date=2005&rft.isbn=9789654931830&rft.au=Rivka+Schatz+Uffenheimer&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DpqfXAAAAMAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAbraham+Isaac+Kook" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-38"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-38">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.nli.org.il/sites/NLI/Hebrew/digitallibrary/pages/viewer.aspx?presentorid=NNL_Ephemera&DocID=NNL_Ephemera700174944">פסק דין של גאוני ארץ על אותו האיש</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-39"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-39">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFYehudah_Mirsky2014" class="citation book cs1">Yehudah Mirsky (11 February 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=TB_BAgAAQBAJ&pg=PA197"><i>Rav Kook: Mystic in a Time of Revolution</i></a>. Yale University Press. p. 197. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-300-16555-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-300-16555-5"><bdi>978-0-300-16555-5</bdi></a>. <q>When Rav Kook called for public fasts on October 22, 1928, to protest the indignities at the Kotel, the ultra-Orthodox ignored him, as they studiously ignored every prayer meeting and fast day that he called.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Rav+Kook%3A+Mystic+in+a+Time+of+Revolution&rft.pages=197&rft.pub=Yale+University+Press&rft.date=2014-02-11&rft.isbn=978-0-300-16555-5&rft.au=Yehudah+Mirsky&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DTB_BAgAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPA197&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAbraham+Isaac+Kook" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-40"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-40">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWasserman" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Wasserman, Rabbi Elchonon. <i>Kovetz Maamrim vol. 1</i> (in Hebrew). p. 153.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Kovetz+Maamrim+vol.+1&rft.pages=153&rft.aulast=Wasserman&rft.aufirst=Rabbi+Elchonon&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAbraham+Isaac+Kook" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-41"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-41">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSonnenfeld" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Sonnenfeld, Shlomo Zalman. <i>B'Dor Tahafuchos</i> (in Hebrew). p. 358.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=B%27Dor+Tahafuchos&rft.pages=358&rft.aulast=Sonnenfeld&rft.aufirst=Shlomo+Zalman&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAbraham+Isaac+Kook" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-42"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-42">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Testimony of R Asher Zelig Margolis, quoted in Hamodia Inyan xxxiv no 1177, p.67. "The Saba explained that in Heaven it had been decreed that the Chafetz Chaim's seforim would be accepted by the entire Jewish people. If he was to come to Eretz Yisrael, he would visit R. Kook, which would cause R. Kooks rivals to reject him. He would also visit R. Sonnenfeld, which would cause R. Sonnenfelds rivals to reject him."</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-43"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-43">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFYehudah_Mirsky2014" class="citation book cs1">Yehudah Mirsky (11 February 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=TB_BAgAAQBAJ&pg=PA202"><i>Rav Kook: Mystic in a Time of Revolution</i></a>. Yale University Press. p. 202. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-300-16555-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-300-16555-5"><bdi>978-0-300-16555-5</bdi></a>. <q>A major scholar of impeccable ultra-Orthodox credentials, Meltzer resolutely defended Kook against attackers on the right. He was wont to say, "Let them, any of us, pray on Yom Kippur the way Rav Kook prays on an average weekday."<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span></q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Rav+Kook%3A+Mystic+in+a+Time+of+Revolution&rft.pages=202&rft.pub=Yale+University+Press&rft.date=2014-02-11&rft.isbn=978-0-300-16555-5&rft.au=Yehudah+Mirsky&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DTB_BAgAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPA202&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAbraham+Isaac+Kook" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-44"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-44">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Bisdeh Ha-Re'eiyah p. 236, Chayei Ha-Re'eiyah pp. 388-389, Igrot Le-Re'eiyah #316 and Melachim Kivnei Adam pp. 106-107. Maran Ha-Rav's response is found in Shut Da'at Cohain #223</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-SzalaiHorváth2007-45"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-SzalaiHorváth2007_45-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAnna_SzalaiRita_HorváthGábor_Balázs2007" class="citation book cs1">Anna Szalai; Rita Horváth; Gábor Balázs (2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=AQM_AQAAIAAJ"><i>Previously unexplored sources on the Holocaust in Hungary: a selection from Jewish periodicals, 1930-1944</i></a>. International Institute for Holocaust Research, Yad Vashem. p. 32. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-965-308-300-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-965-308-300-4"><bdi>978-965-308-300-4</bdi></a>. <q>According to the report, Chofetz-Chaim condemned the pamphlet against Kook as well.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Previously+unexplored+sources+on+the+Holocaust+in+Hungary%3A+a+selection+from+Jewish+periodicals%2C+1930-1944&rft.pages=32&rft.pub=International+Institute+for+Holocaust+Research%2C+Yad+Vashem&rft.date=2007&rft.isbn=978-965-308-300-4&rft.au=Anna+Szalai&rft.au=Rita+Horv%C3%A1th&rft.au=G%C3%A1bor+Bal%C3%A1zs&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DAQM_AQAAIAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAbraham+Isaac+Kook" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-46"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-46">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%9B%D7%AA%D7%91%D7%99_%D7%94%D7%A8%D7%90%D7%99%22%D7%94" class="extiw" title="he:כתבי הראי"ה">he:כתבי הראי"ה</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-47"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-47">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMorrison2006" class="citation book cs1">Morrison, Chanan (2006). <i>Gold from the Land of Israel: A New Light on the Weekly Torah Portion - From the Writings of Rabbi Abraham Isaac HaKohen Kook'<span></span></i>. Urim Publications. pp. 353–356. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/965-7108-92-6" title="Special:BookSources/965-7108-92-6"><bdi>965-7108-92-6</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Gold+from+the+Land+of+Israel%3A+A+New+Light+on+the+Weekly+Torah+Portion+-+From+the+Writings+of+Rabbi+Abraham+Isaac+HaKohen+Kook%27&rft.pages=353-356&rft.pub=Urim+Publications&rft.date=2006&rft.isbn=965-7108-92-6&rft.aulast=Morrison&rft.aufirst=Chanan&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAbraham+Isaac+Kook" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-48"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-48">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="http://www.lho.co.il/books/2566-%D7%A2%D7%A8%D7%A4%D7%99%D7%9C%D7%99-%D7%98%D7%95%D7%94%D7%A8.html">[1]</a><sup class="noprint Inline-Template"><span style="white-space: nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot" title="Wikipedia:Link rot"><span title=" Dead link tagged January 2016">dead link</span></a></i><span style="visibility:hidden; color:transparent; padding-left:2px">‍</span>]</span></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-49"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-49">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.myspace.com/orotharav">"HA'OROT - Listen and Stream Free Music, Albums, New Releases, Photos, Videos"</a>. <i>Myspace</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Myspace&rft.atitle=HA%27OROT+-+Listen+and+Stream+Free+Music%2C+Albums%2C+New+Releases%2C+Photos%2C+Videos&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.myspace.com%2Forotharav&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAbraham+Isaac+Kook" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-50"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-50">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20171230082445/http://www.haorot.org/">"美肌になるために"</a>. <i>www.haorot.org</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.haorot.org">the original</a> on 30 December 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">30 September</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.haorot.org&rft.atitle=%E7%BE%8E%E8%82%8C%E3%81%AB%E3%81%AA%E3%82%8B%E3%81%9F%E3%82%81%E3%81%AB&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.haorot.org&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAbraham+Isaac+Kook" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-51"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-51">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/haorotravkook">"HAOROTRAVKOOK"</a>. <i>YouTube</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=YouTube&rft.atitle=HAOROTRAVKOOK&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.youtube.com%2Fhaorotravkook&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAbraham+Isaac+Kook" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-52"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-52">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">From "Arpilei Tohar", p. 27–28. Hebrew: על-כן הצדיקים הטהורים אינם קובלים על החושך, אלא מוסיפים אור; אינם קובלים על הרשעה, אלא מוסיפים צדק; אינם קובלים על הכפירה, אלא מוסיפים אמונה; אינם קובלים על הבערות, אלא מוסיפים חכמה.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-53"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-53">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">From "Olat Reiyah". Hebrew: יש בן חורין שרוחו רוח של עבד, ויש עבד שרוחו מלאה חירות; הנאמן לעצמיותו – בן חורין הוא, ומי שכל חייו הם רק במה שטוב ויפה בעיני אחרים – הוא עבד.</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Abraham_Isaac_Kook&action=edit&section=28" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output 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.plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/34px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="34" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/51px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/68px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="355" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikiquote has quotations related to <i><b><a href="https://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/Special:Search/Abraham_Isaac_Kook" class="extiw" title="q:Special:Search/Abraham Isaac Kook">Abraham Isaac Kook</a></b></i>.</div></div> </div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.english.machonmeir.net/torah-lessons-archive?view=jmultimedia&ordermode=ordering&filter_state=P&catid=88">Video Lectures on the Teachings of Rabbi Kook</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160830101139/http://www.english.machonmeir.net/torah-lessons-archive?view=jmultimedia&ordermode=ordering&filter_state=P&catid=88">Archived</a> 30 August 2016 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, MachonMeir.net</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.vbm-torah.org/archive/rk1-kook.htm">Introduction to the Thought of Rav Kook</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080228182357/http://www.vbm-torah.org/archive/rk1-kook.htm">Archived</a> 28 February 2008 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, vbm-torah.org</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ucalgary.ca/~elsegal/363_Transp/Orthodoxy/Zionism.html#Kook">Rabbi Abraham Isaac Kook (1865–1935)</a>, Prof. Eliezer Segal</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ravkooktorah.org/">Teachings of Rav Kook on Torah, Holidays, and Psalms</a>, ravkooktorah.org</li></ul> <table class="wikitable succession-box noprint" style="margin:0.5em auto; font-size:small;clear:both;"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="3" style="border-top: 5px solid #FABE60;"><a href="/wiki/Judaism" title="Judaism">Jewish titles</a> </th></tr> <tr> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="2"><b>New title</b> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> <a href="/wiki/Chief_Rabbinate_of_Israel#Ashkenazi" title="Chief Rabbinate of Israel">Ashkenazi Chief Rabbi of Mandatory Palestine</a> </b><br />1921–35 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Yitzhak_HaLevi_Herzog" title="Yitzhak HaLevi Herzog">Yitzhak HaLevi Herzog</a></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> <a href="/wiki/Rosh_Yeshiva" class="mw-redirect" title="Rosh Yeshiva">Rosh Yeshiva</a> of<br /><a href="/wiki/Yeshiva" title="Yeshiva">Yeshivat</a> <a href="/wiki/Mercaz_HaRav_Kook" class="mw-redirect" title="Mercaz HaRav Kook">Mercaz HaRav Kook</a> </b><br />1921–35 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Zvi_Yehuda_Kook" title="Zvi Yehuda Kook">Zvi Yehuda Kook</a></div> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output 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href="/w/index.php?title=Eliezer_Fried&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Eliezer Fried (page does not exist)">Eliezer Fried</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Refael_Shapiro" title="Refael Shapiro">Refael Shapiro</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Yosef_Dov_Soloveitchik_(Beis_Halevi)" title="Yosef Dov Soloveitchik (Beis Halevi)">Yosef Dov Soloveitchik (Beis Halevi)</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Chaim_Soloveitchik" title="Chaim Soloveitchik">Chaim Soloveitchik</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Chaim_of_Volozhin" title="Chaim of Volozhin">Chaim of Volozhin</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Yitzchak_Volozhin" class="mw-redirect" title="Yitzchak Volozhin">Yitzchak Volozhin</a></dd></dl> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="2" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Volozhin_yeshiva.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/Volozhin_yeshiva.jpg/150px-Volozhin_yeshiva.jpg" decoding="async" width="150" height="94" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/Volozhin_yeshiva.jpg/225px-Volozhin_yeshiva.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/Volozhin_yeshiva.jpg/300px-Volozhin_yeshiva.jpg 2x" data-file-width="774" data-file-height="485" /></a></span> <dl><dt>Location</dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Valozhyn" title="Valozhyn">Valozhyn</a>, <a href="/wiki/Belarus" title="Belarus">Belarus</a></dd></dl></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Alumni</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <dd><a href="/wiki/Shmuel_Alexandrov" title="Shmuel Alexandrov">Shmuel Alexandrov</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Meir_Bar-Ilan" title="Meir Bar-Ilan">Meir Bar-Ilan</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Zelig_Reuven_Bengis" title="Zelig Reuven Bengis">Zelig Reuven Bengis</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Micha_Josef_Berdyczewski" title="Micha Josef Berdyczewski">Micha Josef Berdyczewski</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Naftali_Zvi_Yehuda_Berlin" title="Naftali Zvi Yehuda Berlin">Naftali Zvi Yehuda Berlin</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Hayim_Nahman_Bialik" title="Hayim Nahman Bialik">Hayim Nahman Bialik</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/David_Cohen_(rabbi)" title="David Cohen (rabbi)">David Cohen</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Israel_Davidson" title="Israel Davidson">Israel Davidson</a></dd> <dd><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alter_Asher_Droyanov&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Alter Asher Droyanov (page does not exist)">Alter Asher Droyanov</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Baruch_Epstein" title="Baruch Epstein">Baruch Epstein</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Moshe_Mordechai_Epstein" title="Moshe Mordechai Epstein">Moshe Mordechai Epstein</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Chaim_Ozer_Grodzinski" title="Chaim Ozer Grodzinski">Chaim Ozer Grodzinski</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Abraham_Harkavy" title="Abraham Harkavy">Abraham Harkavy</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Shmuel_Yitzchak_Hillman" title="Shmuel Yitzchak Hillman">Shmuel Yitzchak Hillman</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Jacob_Joseph" title="Jacob Joseph">Jacob Joseph</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Nachum_Kaplan" title="Nachum Kaplan">Nachum Kaplan</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Chaim_Mordechai_Katz" title="Chaim Mordechai Katz">Chaim Mordechai Katz</a></dd> <dd><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Abraham Isaac Kook</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Moyshe_Kulbak" title="Moyshe Kulbak">Moyshe Kulbak</a></dd> <dd><a href="/w/index.php?title=Moshe_Landyski&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Moshe Landyski (page does not exist)">Moshe Landyski</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Boruch_Ber_Leibowitz" title="Boruch Ber Leibowitz">Boruch Ber Leibowitz</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Aryeh_Levin" title="Aryeh Levin">Aryeh Levin</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Isser_Zalman_Meltzer" title="Isser Zalman Meltzer">Isser Zalman Meltzer</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Samuel_Mohilever" title="Samuel Mohilever">Samuel Mohilever</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Shlomo_Polachek" title="Shlomo Polachek">Shlomo Polachek</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Yitzhak_Isaac_Halevy_Rabinowitz" title="Yitzhak Isaac Halevy Rabinowitz">Yitzhak Isaac Halevy Rabinowitz</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Yitzchak_Yaacov_Reines" title="Yitzchak Yaacov Reines">Yitzchak Yaacov Reines</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Mnachem_Risikoff" title="Mnachem Risikoff">Mnachem Risikoff</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Zundel_Salant" title="Zundel Salant">Zundel Salant</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Refael_Shapiro" title="Refael Shapiro">Refael Shapiro</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Shimon_Shkop" title="Shimon Shkop">Shimon Shkop</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Chaim_Soloveitchik" title="Chaim Soloveitchik">Chaim Soloveitchik</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Zalman_Sorotzkin" title="Zalman Sorotzkin">Zalman Sorotzkin</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Elchonon_Wasserman" title="Elchonon Wasserman">Elchonon Wasserman</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Kalman_Zev_Wissotzky" class="mw-redirect" title="Kalman Zev Wissotzky">Kalman Zev Wissotzky</a></dd> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow hlist" colspan="3"><div> <ul><li>See also: <a href="/wiki/Valozhyn" title="Valozhyn">Valozhyn</a>, <a href="/wiki/Belarus" title="Belarus">Belarus</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Chief_Rabbinate_of_Israel,_Mandatory_Palestine_and_Ottoman_Palestine" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Chief_Rabbinate_of_Israel,_Mandatory_Palestine_and_Ottoman_Palestine" title="Template:Chief Rabbinate of Israel, Mandatory Palestine and Ottoman Palestine"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Chief_Rabbinate_of_Israel,_Mandatory_Palestine_and_Ottoman_Palestine" title="Template talk:Chief Rabbinate of Israel, Mandatory Palestine and Ottoman Palestine"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Chief_Rabbinate_of_Israel,_Mandatory_Palestine_and_Ottoman_Palestine" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Chief Rabbinate of Israel, Mandatory Palestine and Ottoman Palestine"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Chief_Rabbinate_of_Israel,_Mandatory_Palestine_and_Ottoman_Palestine" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Chief_Rabbinate_of_Israel" title="Chief Rabbinate of Israel">Chief Rabbinate of Israel</a>, Mandatory Palestine and Ottoman Palestine</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Chief Rabbis of<br /><a href="/wiki/Old_Yishuv" title="Old Yishuv">Old Yishuv</a><br />(Ottoman Jerusalem)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Rishon L'Tzion</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Moshe_ben_Yonatan_Galante" title="Moshe ben Yonatan Galante">Moshe ben Yonatan Galante</a> (1665–1689)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Moshe_ibn_Habib" title="Moshe ibn Habib">Moshe ibn Habib</a> (1689–1696)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Moshe_Hayun&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Moshe Hayun (page does not exist)">Moshe Hayun</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Avraham_Yitzhaki&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Avraham Yitzhaki (page does not exist)">Avraham Yitzhaki</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%90%D7%91%D7%A8%D7%94%D7%9D_%D7%91%D7%9F_%D7%93%D7%95%D7%93_%D7%99%D7%A6%D7%97%D7%A7%D7%99" class="extiw" title="he:אברהם בן דוד יצחקי">he</a>]</span> (1715–1722)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Binyamin_Maali&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Binyamin Maali (page does not exist)">Binyamin Maali</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%91%D7%A0%D7%99%D7%9E%D7%99%D7%9F_%D7%94%D7%9B%D7%94%D7%9F_%D7%9E%D7%A2%D7%9C%D7%99" class="extiw" title="he:בנימין הכהן מעלי">he</a>]</span></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Elazar_Nahum&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Elazar Nahum (page does not exist)">Elazar Nahum</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%90%D7%9C%D7%99%D7%A2%D7%96%D7%A8_%D7%A0%D7%97%D7%95%D7%9D" class="extiw" title="he:אליעזר נחום">he</a>]</span> (1730–1748)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nissim_Mizrahi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nissim Mizrahi (page does not exist)">Nissim Mizrahi</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A0%D7%99%D7%A1%D7%99%D7%9D_%D7%97%D7%99%D7%99%D7%9D_%D7%9E%D7%A9%D7%94_%D7%9E%D7%96%D7%A8%D7%97%D7%99" class="extiw" title="he:ניסים חיים משה מזרחי">he</a>]</span> (1748–1754)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yitzhak_Rapaport&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Yitzhak Rapaport (page does not exist)">Yitzhak Rapaport</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%99%D7%A6%D7%97%D7%A7_%D7%94%D7%9B%D7%94%D7%9F_%D7%A8%D7%A4%D7%A4%D7%95%D7%A8%D7%98" class="extiw" title="he:יצחק הכהן רפפורט">he</a>]</span> (?–?)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Israel_Yaakov_Algazi" title="Israel Yaakov Algazi">Israel Yaakov Algazi</a> (1754–1756)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Raphael_Meyuchas_ben_Shmuel" title="Raphael Meyuchas ben Shmuel">Raphael Meyuchas ben Shmuel</a> (1756–1771)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Haim_ben_Asher&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Haim ben Asher (page does not exist)">Haim ben Asher</a> (1771–1772)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Yom_Tov_Algazy" class="mw-redirect" title="Yom Tov Algazy">Yom Tov Algazy</a> (1772–1802)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Moshe_Yosef_Mordechai_Meyuchas" title="Moshe Yosef Mordechai Meyuchas">Moshe Yosef Mordechai Meyuchas</a> (1802–1805)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yaakov_Aish&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Yaakov Aish (page does not exist)">Yaakov Aish</a> (1806–1817)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yaakov_Coral&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Yaakov Coral (page does not exist)">Yaakov Coral</a> (1817–1819)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yosef_Hazzan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Yosef Hazzan (page does not exist)">Yosef Hazzan</a> (1819–1822)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Yom_Tov_Danon" class="mw-redirect" title="Yom Tov Danon">Yom Tov Danon</a> (1822–1824)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Shlomo_Suzin&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Shlomo Suzin (page does not exist)">Shlomo Suzin</a> (1824–1836)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yonah_Navon&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Yonah Navon (page does not exist)">Yonah Navon</a> (1836–1841)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yehuda_Navon&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Yehuda Navon (page does not exist)">Yehuda Navon</a> (1841–1842)</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Hakham_Bashi" title="Hakham Bashi">Hakham Bashi</a><br />(1842–1918)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Chaim_Abraham_Gagin" title="Chaim Abraham Gagin">Chaim Abraham Gagin</a> (1842–1848)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Yitzhak_Kovo" title="Yitzhak Kovo">Yitzhak Kovo</a> (1848–1854)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chaim_Nissim_Abulafia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Chaim Nissim Abulafia (page does not exist)">Chaim Nissim Abulafia</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%97%D7%99%D7%99%D7%9D_%D7%A0%D7%A1%D7%99%D7%9D_%D7%90%D7%91%D7%95%D7%9C%D7%A2%D7%A4%D7%99%D7%94" class="extiw" title="he:חיים נסים אבולעפיה">he</a>]</span> (1854–1861)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Chaim_David_Hazan" title="Chaim David Hazan">Chaim David Hazan</a> (1861–1869)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Avraham_Ashkenazi" title="Avraham Ashkenazi">Avraham Ashkenazi</a> (1869–1880)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Raphael_Meir_Panigel" title="Raphael Meir Panigel">Raphael Meir Panigel</a> (1880–1893)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Yaakov_Shaul_Elyashar" title="Yaakov Shaul Elyashar">Yaakov Shaul Elyashar</a> (1893–1906)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Yaakov_Meir" title="Yaakov Meir">Yaakov Meir</a> (1906)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Eliyahu_Moshe_Panigel" title="Eliyahu Moshe Panigel">Eliyahu Moshe Panigel</a> (1907–1908)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nahman_Batito&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nahman Batito (page does not exist)">Nahman Batito</a> (1909-1911)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Moshe_Yehuda_Franco&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Moshe Yehuda Franco (page does not exist)">Moshe Yehuda Franco</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nissim_Yehuda_Danon&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nissim Yehuda Danon (page does not exist)">Nissim Yehuda Danon</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Chief Rabbis of<br /><a href="/wiki/Yishuv" title="Yishuv">New Yishuv</a><br />(Mandatory Palestine)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Acting Chief Rabbi</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Haim_Moshe_Elyashar&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Haim Moshe Elyashar (page does not exist)">Haim Moshe Elyashar</a> (1918–1921)</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Ashkenazi_Jews" title="Ashkenazi Jews">Ashkenazi</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Abraham Isaac Kook</a> (1921–1935)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Yitzhak_HaLevi_Herzog" title="Yitzhak HaLevi Herzog">Yitzhak HaLevi Herzog</a> (1936–1948)</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Sephardi" class="mw-redirect" title="Sephardi">Sephardi</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Yaakov_Meir" title="Yaakov Meir">Yaakov Meir</a> (1921–1939)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Ben-Zion_Meir_Hai_Uziel" title="Ben-Zion Meir Hai Uziel">Ben-Zion Meir Hai Uziel</a> (1939–1948)</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_chief_rabbis_of_Israel_and_Mandatory_Palestine" title="List of chief rabbis of Israel and Mandatory Palestine">Chief Rabbis of Israel</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Ashkenazi_Jews" title="Ashkenazi Jews">Ashkenazi</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Yitzhak_HaLevi_Herzog" title="Yitzhak HaLevi Herzog">Yitzhak HaLevi Herzog</a> (1948–1959)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Isser_Yehuda_Unterman" title="Isser Yehuda Unterman">Isser Yehuda Unterman</a> (1964–1973)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Shlomo_Goren" title="Shlomo Goren">Shlomo Goren</a> (1973–1983)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Avraham_Shapira" title="Avraham Shapira">Avraham Shapira</a> (1983–1993)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Yisrael_Meir_Lau" title="Yisrael Meir Lau">Yisrael Meir Lau</a> (1993–2003)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Yona_Metzger" title="Yona Metzger">Yona Metzger</a> (2003–2013)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/David_Lau" title="David Lau">David Lau</a> (2013–2024)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Kalman_Ber" title="Kalman Ber">Kalman Ber</a> (2024–Present)</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Sephardi" class="mw-redirect" title="Sephardi">Sephardi</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Ben-Zion_Meir_Hai_Uziel" title="Ben-Zion Meir Hai Uziel">Ben-Zion Meir Hai Uziel</a> (1948–1953)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Yitzhak_Nissim" title="Yitzhak Nissim">Yitzhak Nissim</a> (1955–1973)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Ovadia_Yosef" title="Ovadia Yosef">Ovadia Yosef</a> (1973–1983)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Mordechai_Eliyahu" title="Mordechai Eliyahu">Mordechai Eliyahu</a> (1983–1993)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Eliyahu_Bakshi-Doron" title="Eliyahu Bakshi-Doron">Eliyahu Bakshi-Doron</a> (1993–2003)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Shlomo_Amar" title="Shlomo Amar">Shlomo Amar</a> (2003–2013)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Yitzhak_Yosef" title="Yitzhak Yosef">Yitzhak Yosef</a> (2013–2024)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/David_Yosef" title="David Yosef">David Yosef</a> (2024- )</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Chief Rabbinate Council <br />(current as of 2008)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Permanent</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Yona_Metzger" title="Yona Metzger">Yona Metzger</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Shlomo_Amar" title="Shlomo Amar">Shlomo Amar</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Yisrael_Meir_Lau" title="Yisrael Meir Lau">Yisrael Meir Lau</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Shlomo_Chelouche&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Shlomo Chelouche (page does not exist)">Shlomo Chelouche</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/She%27ar_Yashuv_Cohen" title="She'ar Yashuv Cohen">She'ar Yashuv Cohen</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Yehuda_Deri" title="Yehuda Deri">Yehuda Deri</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Ashkenazi</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Aryeh_Stern" title="Aryeh Stern">Aryeh Stern</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Yaakov_Shapira" title="Yaakov Shapira">Yaakov Shapira</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Yitzchak_Dovid_Grossman" title="Yitzchak Dovid Grossman">Yitzchak Dovid Grossman</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yosef_Glicksburg&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Yosef Glicksburg (page does not exist)">Yosef Glicksburg</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Yaakov_Roja" title="Yaakov Roja">Yaakov Roja</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yitzhak_Ralbag&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Yitzhak Ralbag (page does not exist)">Yitzhak Ralbag</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Sephardi</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Shimon_Elituv" title="Shimon Elituv">Shimon Elituv</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Avraham_Yosef" title="Avraham Yosef">Avraham Yosef</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Ratzon_Arusi" title="Ratzon Arusi">Ratzon Arusi</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Shmuel_Eliyahu" title="Shmuel Eliyahu">Shmuel Eliyahu</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Yitzhak_Peretz_(politician_born_1938)" title="Yitzhak Peretz (politician born 1938)">Yitzhak Peretz</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1038841319">.mw-parser-output .tooltip-dotted{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q330110#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q330110#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q330110#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, 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style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/119083663">Germany</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n81133579">United States</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb12321198f">France</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb12321198f">BnF data</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://nla.gov.au/anbd.aut-an35901134">Australia</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=kup19960000050632&CON_LNG=ENG">Czech 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class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">People</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://trove.nla.gov.au/people/1138052">Trove</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.deutsche-biographie.de/pnd119083663.html?language=en">Deutsche Biographie</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.deutsche-digitale-bibliothek.de/person/gnd/119083663">DDB</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.idref.fr/032120672">IdRef</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" 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