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vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sephardi"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2.2</span> <span>Sephardi</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sephardi-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Ashkenazi" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ashkenazi"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2.3</span> <span>Ashkenazi</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ashkenazi-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Austria" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Austria"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3</span> <span>Austria</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Austria-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Belgium" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Belgium"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.4</span> <span>Belgium</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Belgium-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bulgaria" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bulgaria"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.5</span> <span>Bulgaria</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bulgaria-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Chile" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Chile"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.6</span> <span>Chile</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Chile-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Colombia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Colombia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.7</span> <span>Colombia</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Colombia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Ashkenazi_2" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ashkenazi_2"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.7.1</span> <span>Ashkenazi</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ashkenazi_2-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sephardi_2" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sephardi_2"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.7.2</span> <span>Sephardi</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sephardi_2-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Chabad" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Chabad"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.7.3</span> <span>Chabad</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Chabad-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Cuba" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Cuba"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.8</span> <span>Cuba</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Cuba-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Croatia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Croatia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.9</span> <span>Croatia</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Croatia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Cyprus" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Cyprus"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.10</span> <span>Cyprus</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Cyprus-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Czech_Republic" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Czech_Republic"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.11</span> <span>Czech Republic</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Czech_Republic-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Denmark" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Denmark"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.12</span> <span>Denmark</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Denmark-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Ecuador" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ecuador"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.13</span> <span>Ecuador</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ecuador-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Egypt" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Egypt"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.14</span> <span>Egypt</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Egypt-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Estonia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Estonia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.15</span> <span>Estonia</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Estonia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-The_Far_East" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#The_Far_East"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.16</span> <span>The Far East</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-The_Far_East-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Finland" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Finland"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.17</span> <span>Finland</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Finland-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Chabad_Lubavitch_Chief_Rabbi_of_Finland" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Chabad_Lubavitch_Chief_Rabbi_of_Finland"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.17.1</span> <span>Chabad Lubavitch Chief Rabbi of Finland</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Chabad_Lubavitch_Chief_Rabbi_of_Finland-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-France" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#France"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.18</span> <span>France</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-France-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Galicia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Galicia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.19</span> <span>Galicia</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Galicia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Greece" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Greece"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.20</span> <span>Greece</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Greece-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Guatemala" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Guatemala"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.21</span> <span>Guatemala</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Guatemala-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Honduras" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Honduras"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.22</span> <span>Honduras</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Honduras-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Hong_Kong" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Hong_Kong"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.23</span> <span>Hong Kong</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Hong_Kong-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Hungary" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Hungary"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.24</span> <span>Hungary</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Hungary-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Iran" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Iran"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.25</span> <span>Iran</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Iran-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Ireland" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ireland"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.26</span> <span>Ireland</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ireland-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Israel" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Israel"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.27</span> <span>Israel</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Israel-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Sephardi_3" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sephardi_3"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.27.1</span> <span>Sephardi</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sephardi_3-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Ashkenazi_3" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ashkenazi_3"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.27.2</span> <span>Ashkenazi</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ashkenazi_3-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Military_Rabbinate" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Military_Rabbinate"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.27.3</span> <span>Military Rabbinate</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Military_Rabbinate-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Japan" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Japan"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.28</span> <span>Japan</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Japan-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Latvia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Latvia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.29</span> <span>Latvia</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Latvia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Lebanon" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Lebanon"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.30</span> <span>Lebanon</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Lebanon-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Lithuania" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Lithuania"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.31</span> <span>Lithuania</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Lithuania-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Luxembourg" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Luxembourg"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.32</span> <span>Luxembourg</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Luxembourg-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Mexico" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Mexico"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.33</span> <span>Mexico</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Mexico-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-North_Macedonia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#North_Macedonia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.34</span> <span>North Macedonia</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-North_Macedonia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Morocco" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Morocco"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.35</span> <span>Morocco</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Morocco-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Nepal" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Nepal"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.36</span> <span>Nepal</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Nepal-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Norway" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Norway"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.37</span> <span>Norway</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Norway-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Panama" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Panama"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.38</span> <span>Panama</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Panama-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Peru" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Peru"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.39</span> <span>Peru</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Peru-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Poland" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Poland"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.40</span> <span>Poland</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Poland-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Poland:_Armed_Forces" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Poland:_Armed_Forces"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.40.1</span> <span>Poland: Armed Forces</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Poland:_Armed_Forces-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Romania" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Romania"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.41</span> <span>Romania</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Romania-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Russia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Russia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.42</span> <span>Russia</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Russia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Military_Rabbinate_2" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Military_Rabbinate_2"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.42.1</span> <span>Military Rabbinate</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Military_Rabbinate_2-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Serbia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Serbia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.43</span> <span>Serbia</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Serbia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Singapore" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Singapore"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.44</span> <span>Singapore</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Singapore-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Slovakia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Slovakia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.45</span> <span>Slovakia</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Slovakia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-South_Africa" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#South_Africa"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.46</span> <span>South Africa</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-South_Africa-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Spain" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Spain"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.47</span> <span>Spain</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Spain-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Chabad-Lubavitch" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Chabad-Lubavitch"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.47.1</span> <span>Chabad-Lubavitch</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Chabad-Lubavitch-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sudan" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sudan"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.48</span> <span>Sudan</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sudan-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Syria" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Syria"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.49</span> <span>Syria</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Syria-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Thailand" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Thailand"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.50</span> <span>Thailand</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Thailand-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Transylvania_(before_1918)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Transylvania_(before_1918)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.51</span> <span>Transylvania (before 1918)</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Transylvania_(before_1918)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Tunisia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Tunisia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.52</span> <span>Tunisia</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Tunisia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Turkey" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Turkey"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.53</span> <span>Turkey</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Turkey-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Chabad_2" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Chabad_2"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.53.1</span> <span>Chabad</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Chabad_2-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Uganda" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Uganda"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.54</span> <span>Uganda</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Uganda-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Ukraine" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ukraine"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.55</span> <span>Ukraine</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ukraine-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-United_Arab_Emirates" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#United_Arab_Emirates"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.56</span> <span>United Arab Emirates</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-United_Arab_Emirates-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-United_Kingdom_and_Commonwealth" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#United_Kingdom_and_Commonwealth"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.57</span> <span>United Kingdom and Commonwealth</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-United_Kingdom_and_Commonwealth-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Presbyter_Judaeorum_(England)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Presbyter_Judaeorum_(England)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.57.1</span> <span>Presbyter Judaeorum (England)</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Presbyter_Judaeorum_(England)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Ashkenazi_chief_rabbis" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ashkenazi_chief_rabbis"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.57.2</span> <span>Ashkenazi chief rabbis</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ashkenazi_chief_rabbis-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Spanish_and_Portuguese_community_Hahamim/senior_rabbis" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Spanish_and_Portuguese_community_Hahamim/senior_rabbis"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.57.3</span> <span>Spanish and Portuguese community Hahamim/senior rabbis</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Spanish_and_Portuguese_community_Hahamim/senior_rabbis-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-United_States" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#United_States"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.58</span> <span>United States</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-United_States-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Uruguay" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Uruguay"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.59</span> <span>Uruguay</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Uruguay-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Uzbekistan" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Uzbekistan"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.60</span> <span>Uzbekistan</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Uzbekistan-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Venezuela" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Venezuela"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.61</span> <span>Venezuela</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Venezuela-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Sephardi_4" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sephardi_4"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.61.1</span> <span>Sephardi</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sephardi_4-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Ashkenazi_4" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ashkenazi_4"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.61.2</span> <span>Ashkenazi</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ashkenazi_4-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-By_city" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#By_city"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>By city</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-By_city-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle By city subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-By_city-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Alexandria,_Egypt" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Alexandria,_Egypt"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Alexandria, Egypt</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Alexandria,_Egypt-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Amsterdam,_Netherlands" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Amsterdam,_Netherlands"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>Amsterdam, Netherlands</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Amsterdam,_Netherlands-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Ashkenazi_5" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ashkenazi_5"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2.1</span> <span>Ashkenazi</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ashkenazi_5-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sephardi_5" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sephardi_5"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2.2</span> <span>Sephardi</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sephardi_5-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Antwerp,_Belgium" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Antwerp,_Belgium"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3</span> <span>Antwerp, Belgium</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Antwerp,_Belgium-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Baltimore,_Maryland_–_United_States" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Baltimore,_Maryland_–_United_States"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.4</span> <span>Baltimore, Maryland – United States</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Baltimore,_Maryland_–_United_States-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Birobidzhan,_Russia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Birobidzhan,_Russia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.5</span> <span>Birobidzhan, Russia</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Birobidzhan,_Russia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Brussels,_Belgium" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Brussels,_Belgium"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.6</span> <span>Brussels, Belgium</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Brussels,_Belgium-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Budapest,_Hungary" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Budapest,_Hungary"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.7</span> <span>Budapest, Hungary</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Budapest,_Hungary-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Caracas,_Venezuela" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Caracas,_Venezuela"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.8</span> <span>Caracas, Venezuela</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Caracas,_Venezuela-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Ashkenazi_6" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ashkenazi_6"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.8.1</span> <span>Ashkenazi</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ashkenazi_6-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sephardi_6" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sephardi_6"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.8.2</span> <span>Sephardi</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sephardi_6-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Chicago,_Illinois_–_United_States" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Chicago,_Illinois_–_United_States"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.9</span> <span>Chicago, Illinois – United States</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Chicago,_Illinois_–_United_States-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Copenhagen,_Denmark" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Copenhagen,_Denmark"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.10</span> <span>Copenhagen, Denmark</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Copenhagen,_Denmark-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Frankfurt,_Germany" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Frankfurt,_Germany"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.11</span> <span>Frankfurt, Germany</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Frankfurt,_Germany-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Gateshead,_United_Kingdom" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Gateshead,_United_Kingdom"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.12</span> <span>Gateshead, United Kingdom</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Gateshead,_United_Kingdom-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-The_Hague,_Netherlands" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#The_Hague,_Netherlands"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.13</span> <span>The Hague, Netherlands</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-The_Hague,_Netherlands-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Haifa,_Israel" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Haifa,_Israel"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.14</span> <span>Haifa, Israel</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Haifa,_Israel-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Ashkenazi_7" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ashkenazi_7"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.14.1</span> <span>Ashkenazi</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ashkenazi_7-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sephardi_7" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sephardi_7"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.14.2</span> <span>Sephardi</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sephardi_7-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Hannover,_Germany" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Hannover,_Germany"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.15</span> <span>Hannover, Germany</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Hannover,_Germany-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Hebron,_West_Bank" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Hebron,_West_Bank"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.16</span> <span>Hebron, West Bank</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Hebron,_West_Bank-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Helsinki,_Finland" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Helsinki,_Finland"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.17</span> <span>Helsinki, Finland</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Helsinki,_Finland-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Hoboken,_New_Jersey_–_United_States" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Hoboken,_New_Jersey_–_United_States"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.18</span> <span>Hoboken, New Jersey – United States</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Hoboken,_New_Jersey_–_United_States-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Jerusalem" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Jerusalem"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.19</span> <span>Jerusalem</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Jerusalem-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Sephardi_8" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sephardi_8"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.19.1</span> <span>Sephardi</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sephardi_8-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Ashkenazi_8" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ashkenazi_8"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.19.2</span> <span>Ashkenazi</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ashkenazi_8-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Edah_HaChareidis" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Edah_HaChareidis"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.19.3</span> <span>Edah HaChareidis</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Edah_HaChareidis-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Kyiv,_Ukraine" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Kyiv,_Ukraine"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.20</span> <span>Kyiv, Ukraine</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Kyiv,_Ukraine-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Krakow,_Poland" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Krakow,_Poland"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.21</span> <span>Krakow, Poland</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Krakow,_Poland-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Leiden,_Netherlands" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Leiden,_Netherlands"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.22</span> <span>Leiden, Netherlands</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Leiden,_Netherlands-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Leeuwarden,_Friesland,_Netherlands" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Leeuwarden,_Friesland,_Netherlands"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.23</span> <span>Leeuwarden, Friesland, Netherlands</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Leeuwarden,_Friesland,_Netherlands-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Milan,_Italy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Milan,_Italy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.24</span> <span>Milan, Italy</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Milan,_Italy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Modi'in_Illit,_Israel" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Modi'in_Illit,_Israel"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.25</span> <span>Modi'in Illit, Israel</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Modi'in_Illit,_Israel-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Montreal,_Quebec,_Canada" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Montreal,_Quebec,_Canada"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.26</span> <span>Montreal, Quebec, Canada</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Montreal,_Quebec,_Canada-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Ashkenazi_9" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ashkenazi_9"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.26.1</span> <span>Ashkenazi</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ashkenazi_9-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sephardi_9" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sephardi_9"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.26.2</span> <span>Sephardi</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sephardi_9-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Moscow,_Russia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Moscow,_Russia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.27</span> <span>Moscow, Russia</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Moscow,_Russia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Munich,_Germany" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Munich,_Germany"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.28</span> <span>Munich, Germany</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Munich,_Germany-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Netherlands_–_Inter-Provincial_Chief_rabbinate" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Netherlands_–_Inter-Provincial_Chief_rabbinate"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.29</span> <span>Netherlands – Inter-Provincial Chief rabbinate</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Netherlands_–_Inter-Provincial_Chief_rabbinate-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-New_York,_New_York_–_United_States" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#New_York,_New_York_–_United_States"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.30</span> <span>New York, New York – United States</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-New_York,_New_York_–_United_States-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Nové_Zámky,_Slovakia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Nové_Zámky,_Slovakia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.31</span> <span>Nové Zámky, Slovakia</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Nové_Zámky,_Slovakia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Paris,_France" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Paris,_France"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.32</span> <span>Paris, France</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Paris,_France-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Rome,_Italy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Rome,_Italy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.33</span> <span>Rome, Italy</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Rome,_Italy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Rotterdam,_Netherlands" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Rotterdam,_Netherlands"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.34</span> <span>Rotterdam, Netherlands</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Rotterdam,_Netherlands-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Shanghai,_China" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Shanghai,_China"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.35</span> <span>Shanghai, China</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Shanghai,_China-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sofia,_Bulgaria" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sofia,_Bulgaria"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.36</span> <span>Sofia, Bulgaria</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sofia,_Bulgaria-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-St._Louis,_Missouri_–_United_States" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#St._Louis,_Missouri_–_United_States"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.37</span> <span>St. Louis, Missouri – United States</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-St._Louis,_Missouri_–_United_States-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Tel_Aviv-Yafo,_Israel" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Tel_Aviv-Yafo,_Israel"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.38</span> <span>Tel Aviv-Yafo, Israel</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Tel_Aviv-Yafo,_Israel-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Sephardi_10" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sephardi_10"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.38.1</span> <span>Sephardi</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sephardi_10-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Toronto,_Ontario,_Canada" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Toronto,_Ontario,_Canada"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.39</span> <span>Toronto, Ontario, Canada</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Toronto,_Ontario,_Canada-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Vienna,_Austria" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Vienna,_Austria"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.40</span> <span>Vienna, Austria</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Vienna,_Austria-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Warsaw,_Poland" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Warsaw,_Poland"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.41</span> <span>Warsaw, Poland</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Warsaw,_Poland-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Würzburg,_Germany" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Würzburg,_Germany"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.42</span> <span>Würzburg, Germany</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Würzburg,_Germany-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Zagreb,_Croatia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Zagreb,_Croatia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.43</span> <span>Zagreb, Croatia</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Zagreb,_Croatia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-"Grand_Rabbi"" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#"Grand_Rabbi""> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>"Grand Rabbi"</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-"Grand_Rabbi"-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Chief Rabbi</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 15 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-15" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">15 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AD%D8%A7%D8%AE%D8%A7%D9%85_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A3%D9%83%D8%A8%D8%B1" title="الحاخام الأكبر – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="الحاخام الأكبر" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%BD_%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%BD" title="Главен равин – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Главен равин" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vrchn%C3%AD_rab%C3%ADn" title="Vrchní rabín – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Vrchní rabín" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de badge-Q70894304 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oberrabbiner" title="Oberrabbiner – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Oberrabbiner" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rabino_mayor" title="Rabino mayor – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Rabino mayor" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grand-rabbin" title="Grand-rabbin – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Grand-rabbin" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rabbino_capo" title="Rabbino capo – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Rabbino capo" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A8%D7%91_%D7%A8%D7%90%D7%A9%D7%99" title="רב ראשי – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="רב ראשי" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lad mw-list-item"><a href="https://lad.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rabino_Shefe" title="Rabino Shefe – Ladino" lang="lad" hreflang="lad" data-title="Rabino Shefe" data-language-autonym="Ladino" data-language-local-name="Ladino" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ladino</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rabin_capo" title="Rabin capo – Lombard" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Rabin capo" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="Lombard" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Opperrabbijn" title="Opperrabbijn – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Opperrabbijn" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Naczelny_rabin" title="Naczelny rabin – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Naczelny rabin" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rabino-Chefe" title="Rabino-Chefe – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Rabino-Chefe" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" 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dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Religious leader of a country's Jews</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">"Chief rabbinate" redirects here. See also <a href="/wiki/Chief_Rabbinate_of_Israel" title="Chief Rabbinate of Israel">Chief Rabbinate of Israel</a>.</div> <p> <b>Chief Rabbi</b> (<a href="/wiki/Hebrew_language" title="Hebrew language">Hebrew</a>: <span lang="he" dir="rtl">רב ראשי</span>, <small><a href="/wiki/Romanization_of_Hebrew" title="Romanization of Hebrew">romanized</a>: </small><span title="Hebrew-language romanization"><i lang="he-Latn">Rav Rashi</i></span>) is a title given in several countries to the recognized religious leader of that country's <a href="/wiki/Jews" title="Jews">Jewish community</a>, or to a rabbinic leader appointed by the local secular authorities. Since 1911, through a capitulation by <a href="/wiki/Ben-Zion_Meir_Hai_Uziel" title="Ben-Zion Meir Hai Uziel">Ben-Zion Meir Hai Uziel</a>, Israel has had two chief rabbis, one <a href="/wiki/Ashkenazi_Jews" title="Ashkenazi Jews">Ashkenazi</a> and one <a href="/wiki/Sephardi_Jews" class="mw-redirect" title="Sephardi Jews">Sephardi</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Cities with large Jewish communities may also have their own chief rabbis; this is especially the case in Israel but has also been past practice in major Jewish centers in Europe prior to <a href="/wiki/The_Holocaust" title="The Holocaust">the Holocaust</a>. North American cities rarely have chief rabbis. One exception however is <a href="/wiki/Montreal" title="Montreal">Montreal</a>, with two—one for the Ashkenazi community, the other for the Sephardi. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Jewish_law" class="mw-redirect" title="Jewish law">Jewish law</a> provides no <a href="/wiki/Hebrew_Bible" title="Hebrew Bible">scriptural</a> or <a href="/wiki/Talmud" title="Talmud">Talmudic</a> support for the post of a "chief rabbi." The office, however, is said by many to find its precedent in the religio-political authority figures of Jewish antiquity (e.g., <a href="/wiki/Kings_of_Israel_and_Judah" title="Kings of Israel and Judah">kings</a>, <a href="/wiki/High_Priest_of_Israel" title="High Priest of Israel">high priests</a>, <a href="/wiki/Patriarchs_(Bible)" title="Patriarchs (Bible)">patriarchs</a>, <a href="/wiki/Exilarch" title="Exilarch">exilarchs</a> and <a href="/wiki/Gaon_(Hebrew)" title="Gaon (Hebrew)"><i>geonim</i></a>).<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The position arose in Europe in the Middle Ages from governing authorities largely for secular administrative reasons such as collecting taxes and registering vital statistics, and for providing an intermediary between the government and the Jewish community, for example in the establishment of the <a href="/wiki/Crown_rabbi_(Iberia)" title="Crown rabbi (Iberia)">Crown rabbi</a> in several kingdoms of the <a href="/wiki/Iberian_Peninsula" title="Iberian Peninsula">Iberian Peninsula</a>, the <i>rab de la corte</i> in the <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Castile" title="Kingdom of Castile">Kingdom of Castile</a> or the <i>arrabi mor</i> in the <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Portugal" title="Kingdom of Portugal">Kingdom of Portugal</a>, likely influenced by the expectations of their <a href="/wiki/Catholic_Church" title="Catholic Church">Catholic</a>, <a href="/wiki/Eastern_Orthodox_Church" title="Eastern Orthodox Church">Eastern Orthodox</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Anglicanism" title="Anglicanism">Anglican</a> governments and neighbors.<sup id="cite_ref-Berlin-2011_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Berlin-2011-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Similarly, in the 19th century there was a <i><a href="/wiki/Crown_rabbi_(Russia)" title="Crown rabbi (Russia)">Crown rabbi</a></i> of the <a href="/wiki/Russian_Empire" title="Russian Empire">Russian Empire</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Kaplan2010_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Kaplan2010-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1044870489">@media all and (max-width:720px){body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .tocright{display:none}.mw-parser-output .tocright{width:100%!important}}@media all and (min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .tocright{float:right;clear:right;width:auto;margin:0 0 0.5em 1em}.mw-parser-output .tocright-clear-left{clear:left}.mw-parser-output .tocright-clear-both{clear:both}.mw-parser-output .tocright-clear-none{clear:none}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r886046785">.mw-parser-output .toclimit-2 .toclevel-1 ul,.mw-parser-output .toclimit-3 .toclevel-2 ul,.mw-parser-output .toclimit-4 .toclevel-3 ul,.mw-parser-output .toclimit-5 .toclevel-4 ul,.mw-parser-output .toclimit-6 .toclevel-5 ul,.mw-parser-output .toclimit-7 .toclevel-6 ul{display:none}</style><div class="tocright toclimit-3"><meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="By_country/region"><span id="By_country.2Fregion"></span>By country/region</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chief_Rabbi&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: By country/region"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1251242444">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .ambox.mbox-small-left{margin:4px 1em 4px 0;overflow:hidden;width:238px;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{border-left:10px solid #b32424;background-color:#fee7e6}.mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left:10px solid #b32424}.mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left:10px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left:10px solid #fc3}.mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left:10px solid #9932cc}.mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left:10px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.5em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 0.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.5em 2px 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image-div{width:52px}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ambox{margin:0 10%}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .ambox{display:none!important}}</style><table class="plainlinks metadata ambox mbox-small-left ambox-notice" role="presentation" style="width: auto;"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/1d/Information_icon4.svg/20px-Information_icon4.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/1d/Information_icon4.svg/30px-Information_icon4.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/1d/Information_icon4.svg/40px-Information_icon4.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="620" data-file-height="620" /></span></span></td><td class="mbox-text" style="width: auto;"><div class="mbox-text-span">This list is <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Lists#Incomplete_lists" title="Wikipedia:WikiProject Lists">incomplete</a>; you can help by <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Chief_Rabbi&action=edit">adding missing items</a>. <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">August 2008</span>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1251242444"><table class="box-More_citations_needed plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Refimprove" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Question_book-new.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/50px-Question_book-new.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="39" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/75px-Question_book-new.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/100px-Question_book-new.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="399" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This section <b>needs additional citations for <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">verification</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help <a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Chief_Rabbi" title="Special:EditPage/Chief Rabbi">improve this article</a> by <a href="/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners" title="Help:Referencing for beginners">adding citations to reliable sources</a> in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.<br /><small><span class="plainlinks"><i>Find sources:</i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?as_eq=wikipedia&q=%22Chief+Rabbi%22">"Chief Rabbi"</a> – <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbm=nws&q=%22Chief+Rabbi%22+-wikipedia&tbs=ar:1">news</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?&q=%22Chief+Rabbi%22&tbs=bkt:s&tbm=bks">newspapers</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbs=bks:1&q=%22Chief+Rabbi%22+-wikipedia">books</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=%22Chief+Rabbi%22">scholar</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/action/doBasicSearch?Query=%22Chief+Rabbi%22&acc=on&wc=on">JSTOR</a></span></small></span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">November 2019</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Albania">Albania</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chief_Rabbi&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Albania"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Joel Kaplan (2010–present)<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Argentina">Argentina</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chief_Rabbi&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Argentina"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Sephardi_(Syrian)"><span id="Sephardi_.28Syrian.29"></span>Sephardi (Syrian)</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chief_Rabbi&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Sephardi (Syrian)"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Salomon_Benhamu&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Salomon Benhamu (page does not exist)">Salomon Benhamu</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yosef_Chehebar&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Yosef Chehebar (page does not exist)">Yosef Chehebar</a><sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Sephardi">Sephardi</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chief_Rabbi&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Sephardi"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Isaac_Sacca" title="Isaac Sacca">Isaac Sacca</a> (1997–present)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Ashkenazi">Ashkenazi</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chief_Rabbi&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Ashkenazi"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gabriel_Davidovich" title="Gabriel Davidovich">Gabriel Davidovich</a> (2013–present)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Austria">Austria</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chief_Rabbi&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Austria"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jitzchok_ben_Mosche_von_Wien&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jitzchok ben Mosche von Wien (page does not exist)">Jitzchok ben Mosche von Wien</a>, "Or Sorua" (ca. 1200–1270)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yom-Tov_Lipmann_Heller" title="Yom-Tov Lipmann Heller">Yom-Tov Lipmann Heller</a>, "Tosfos Jomtov" (1578–1654)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Scheftel_Horowitz&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Scheftel Horowitz (page does not exist)">Scheftel Horowitz</a> (1561–1619)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gerschon_%22Uliph%22_Aschkenasi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gerschon "Uliph" Aschkenasi (page does not exist)">Gerschon "Uliph" Aschkenasi</a> (ca. 1612–1693)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samson_Wertheimer" title="Samson Wertheimer">Samson Wertheimer</a> (1658–1724)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mosche_Chanoch_Berliner&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mosche Chanoch Berliner (page does not exist)">Mosche Chanoch Berliner</a> (1727–1793)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Isaak_Noah_Mannheimer" class="mw-redirect" title="Isaak Noah Mannheimer">Isaak Noah Mannheimer</a> (1824–1865)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lazar_Horowitz" title="Lazar Horowitz">Lazar Horowitz</a> (1828–1868), chief rabbi of <a href="/wiki/Vienna" title="Vienna">Vienna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adolf_Jellinek" title="Adolf Jellinek">Adolf Jellinek</a> (1865–1893)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moritz_G%C3%BCdemann" title="Moritz Güdemann">Moritz Güdemann</a> (1894–1918)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zwi_Perez_Chajes" title="Zwi Perez Chajes">Zwi Perez Chajes</a> (1918–1927)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Feuchtwang" title="David Feuchtwang">David Feuchtwang</a> (1933–1936)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Israel_Taglicht" title="Israel Taglicht">Israel Taglicht</a> (1936), provisional chief rabbi</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Insp._I._%C3%96hler&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Insp. I. Öhler (page does not exist)">Insp. I. Öhler</a> (1946), preacher at the <a href="/wiki/Stadttempel" title="Stadttempel">Stadttempel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Akiva_Eisenberg" class="mw-redirect" title="Akiva Eisenberg">Akiva Eisenberg</a> (1948–1983)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Paul_Chaim_Eisenberg&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Paul Chaim Eisenberg (page does not exist)">Paul Chaim Eisenberg</a> (1983–2016)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Arie_Folger&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Arie Folger (page does not exist)">Arie Folger</a> (July 2016)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Belgium">Belgium</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chief_Rabbi&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Belgium"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Eliakim_Carmoly" title="Eliakim Carmoly">Eliakim Carmoly</a> (1832–1839)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Henri_Loeb&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Henri Loeb (page does not exist)">Henri Loeb</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aristide_Astrue&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Aristide Astrue (page does not exist)">Aristide Astrue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%89lie-Aristide_Astruc" title="Élie-Aristide Astruc">Élie-Aristide Astruc</a> (1866–1879)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Abraham_Dreyfus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Abraham Dreyfus (page does not exist)">Abraham Dreyfus</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Armand_Bloch_(rabbi)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Armand Bloch (rabbi) (page does not exist)">Armand Bloch</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Bulgaria">Bulgaria</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chief_Rabbi&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Bulgaria"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Gabriel Almosnino (1880–1885)</li> <li>Presiado Bakish (1885–1889)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Shimon_Dankowitz&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Shimon Dankowitz (page does not exist)">Shimon Dankowitz</a> (1889–1891)</li> <li>Moshe Tadjer (1891–1893)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Moritz_Gr%C3%BCnwald&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Moritz Grünwald (page does not exist)">Moritz Grünwald</a> (1893–1895)</li> <li>Presiado Bakish (1895–1898)</li> <li>Moshe Tadjer (1898–1900)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mordecai_Ehrenpreis" title="Mordecai Ehrenpreis">Mordecai Ehrenpreis</a> (1900–1914)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=M._Hezkeya_Shabetay_Davidov&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="M. Hezkeya Shabetay Davidov (page does not exist)">M. Hezkeya Shabetay Davidov</a> (1914–1918)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=David_Pifano&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="David Pifano (page does not exist)">David Pifano</a> (1920–1925)</li> <li>No Chief Rabbi (1925–1945)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Asher_Hannanel&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Asher Hannanel (page does not exist)">Asher Hannanel</a> (1945–1949)<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Behor_Kahlon&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Behor Kahlon (page does not exist)">Behor Kahlon</a> (1990–2012)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aharon_Zerbib&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Aharon Zerbib (page does not exist)">Aharon Zerbib</a> (2012–2015)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yoel_Yifrach&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Yoel Yifrach (page does not exist)">Yoel Yifrach</a> (2015–Present)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Chile">Chile</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chief_Rabbi&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Chile"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Angel_Kreiman_Brill" title="Angel Kreiman Brill">Angel Kreiman Brill</a>, 1970s and 1980s<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (September 2023)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Colombia">Colombia</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chief_Rabbi&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Colombia"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Ashkenazi_2">Ashkenazi</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chief_Rabbi&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Ashkenazi"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eliezer_Paltiel_Roitblatt&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Eliezer Paltiel Roitblatt (page does not exist)">Eliezer Paltiel Roitblatt</a> (1946-1957)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chaim_Menachem_Bentzion_Blumenkrantz&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Chaim Menachem Bentzion Blumenkrantz (page does not exist)">Chaim Menachem Bentzion Blumenkrantz</a> (Early 1950s)<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alfredo_Goldschmidt_(rabbi)" class="mw-redirect" title="Alfredo Goldschmidt (rabbi)">Alfredo Goldschmidt</a> (1974–Present<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>) (appointed 1991)<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Sephardi_2">Sephardi</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chief_Rabbi&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Sephardi"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Miguel_Attias&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Miguel Attias (page does not exist)">Miguel Attias</a> (1948-Early 1950)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Sharbani" title="David Sharbani">David Sharbani</a> (Early 1950s-1978)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yehuda_Benhamu&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Yehuda Benhamu (page does not exist)">Yehuda Benhamu</a> (1978-1986<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yehuda_Ari_Azancot&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Yehuda Ari Azancot (page does not exist)">Yehuda Ari Azancot</a> (1986-2000)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Shlomo_Meir_Elharar&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Shlomo Meir Elharar (page does not exist)">Shlomo Meir Elharar</a> (2000-2010)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Avi_Amsalem_(rabbi)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Avi Amsalem (rabbi) (page does not exist)">Avi Amsalem</a> (2010-Dec. 2020)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Chabad">Chabad</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chief_Rabbi&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Chabad"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yehoshua_Rosenfeld&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Yehoshua Rosenfeld (page does not exist)">Yehoshua Rosenfeld</a> (1980–Present)<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (September 2021)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Cuba">Cuba</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chief_Rabbi&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Cuba"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Meyer_Rosenbaum_(II)" title="Meyer Rosenbaum (II)">Meyer Rosenbaum</a> (Son of <a href="/wiki/Isamar_Rosenbaum" title="Isamar Rosenbaum">Isamar</a> of <a href="/wiki/Nadvorna_(Hasidic_dynasty)" title="Nadvorna (Hasidic dynasty)">Nadvorna</a>, Elected 1948: left Cuba in 1956, a little more than two years before <a href="/wiki/Fidel_Castro" title="Fidel Castro">Fidel Castro</a> came to power in the <a href="/wiki/Cuban_Revolution" title="Cuban Revolution">Revolution</a>)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Raphael_Yair_Elnadav&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Raphael Yair Elnadav (page does not exist)">Raphael Yair Elnadav</a> (1956–1959)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shmuel_Szteinhendler" title="Shmuel Szteinhendler">Shmuel Szteinhendler</a> current Chief Rabbi of Cuba and regional director for <a href="/wiki/Conservative_Judaism" title="Conservative Judaism">Masorti Judaism</a> in Latin America.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Croatia">Croatia</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chief_Rabbi&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Croatia"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Miroslav_%C5%A0alom_Freiberger" title="Miroslav Šalom Freiberger">Miroslav Šalom Freiberger</a> (1941–1943)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kotel_Da-Don" title="Kotel Da-Don">Kotel Da-Don</a> (1998–2006) from 2006 rabbi of the Bet Israel community <a href="/wiki/Zagreb" title="Zagreb">Zagreb</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luciano_Mo%C5%A1e_Prelevi%C4%87" title="Luciano Moše Prelević">Luciano Moše Prelević</a> (2006–)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Cyprus">Cyprus</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chief_Rabbi&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Cyprus"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Arie_Zeev_Raskin" title="Arie Zeev Raskin">Arie Zeev Raskin</a> (2005–present<sup class="plainlinks noexcerpt noprint asof-tag update" style="display:none;"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Chief_Rabbi&action=edit">[update]</a></sup>)<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Czech_Republic">Czech Republic</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chief_Rabbi&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: Czech Republic"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Karol_Sidon" title="Karol Sidon">Karol Sidon</a><sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Denmark">Denmark</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chief_Rabbi&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: Denmark"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Abraham_Salomon&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Abraham Salomon (page does not exist)">Abraham Salomon</a> (1687–1700)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Israel_Ber&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Israel Ber (page does not exist)">Israel Ber</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Israel_Ber" class="extiw" title="da:Israel Ber">da</a>]</span> (1700–1728)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Marcus_David&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Marcus David (page does not exist)">Marcus David</a> (1729–1739)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hirsch_Samuel_Levy&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hirsch Samuel Levy (page does not exist)">Hirsch Samuel Levy</a> (1741–1775)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gedalia_Levin&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gedalia Levin (page does not exist)">Gedalia Levin</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abraham_Gedalia_Levin" class="extiw" title="da:Abraham Gedalia Levin">da</a>]</span> (1778–1793)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abraham_Gedalia" title="Abraham Gedalia">Abraham Gedalia</a> (1793–1827)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abraham_Wolff" title="Abraham Wolff">Abraham Wolff</a> (1828–1891)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Simonsen" title="David Simonsen">David Simonsen</a> (1892–1902, 1919–1920)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tobias_Lewenstein" title="Tobias Lewenstein">Tobias Lewenstein</a> (1903–1910)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Max_Schornstein" class="mw-redirect" title="Max Schornstein">Max Schornstein</a> (1910–1919)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Max_Friediger" title="Max Friediger">Max (Moses) Friediger</a> (1920–1947)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marcus_Melchior" title="Marcus Melchior">Marcus Melchior</a> (1947–1969)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bent_Melchior" title="Bent Melchior">Bent Melchior</a> (1970–1996)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bent_Lexner&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bent Lexner (page does not exist)">Bent Lexner</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bent_Lexner" class="extiw" title="da:Bent Lexner">da</a>]</span> (1996–2014)<sup id="cite_ref-Paikin_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Paikin-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jair_Melchior&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jair Melchior (page does not exist)">Jair Melchior</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jair_Melchior" class="extiw" title="da:Jair Melchior">da</a>]</span> (2014–present<sup class="plainlinks noexcerpt noprint asof-tag update" style="display:none;"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Chief_Rabbi&action=edit">[update]</a></sup>)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Ecuador">Ecuador</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chief_Rabbi&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: Ecuador"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Menachem Mendel Fried (2022- )</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Egypt">Egypt</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chief_Rabbi&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: Egypt"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Moses_Israel" title="Moses Israel">Moses Israel</a> (?-1802)</li> <li>Refael Aharon Ben Shimon (1891–1921)</li> <li>Masoud Haim Ben Shimon (1921–1925)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chaim_Nahum" title="Chaim Nahum">Chaim Nahum</a> (1925–1960)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Haim_Moussa_Douek" title="Haim Moussa Douek">Haim Moussa Douek</a> (1960–1972)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Estonia">Estonia</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chief_Rabbi&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section: Estonia"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Michael_Alony&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Michael Alony (page does not exist)">Michael Alony</a> (1995–1996)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Shmuel_Kot&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Shmuel Kot (page does not exist)">Shmuel Kot</a> (2000–present<sup class="plainlinks noexcerpt noprint asof-tag update" style="display:none;"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Chief_Rabbi&action=edit">[update]</a></sup>)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="The_Far_East">The Far East</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chief_Rabbi&action=edit&section=23" title="Edit section: The Far East"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aharon_Moshe_Kiselev" title="Aharon Moshe Kiselev">Aharon Moshe Kiselev</a> (1937–1949)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Finland">Finland</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chief_Rabbi&action=edit&section=24" title="Edit section: Finland"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Simon_Federbusch" title="Simon Federbusch">Simon Federbusch</a> (1931–1940)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Elieser_Berlinger&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Elieser Berlinger (page does not exist)">Elieser Berlinger</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elieser_Berlinger" class="extiw" title="nl:Elieser Berlinger">nl</a>]</span> (1946–1951)</li> <li>Mika Weiss (1957–1961)</li> <li>Shmuel Beeri (1961–1963)</li> <li>Mordechai Lanxner (1973–1982)</li> <li>Ove Schwartz (1982–1987)</li> <li>Lazar Kleinman (–1992)</li> <li>Michael Aloni (1995–1996)</li> <li>Moshe Edelmann (1999–2012)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Simon_Livson&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Simon Livson (page does not exist)">Simon Livson</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Simon_Livson" class="extiw" title="fi:Simon Livson">fi</a>]</span> (2012–)<sup id="cite_ref-MuirTuori_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-MuirTuori-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Chabad_Lubavitch_Chief_Rabbi_of_Finland">Chabad Lubavitch Chief Rabbi of Finland</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chief_Rabbi&action=edit&section=25" title="Edit section: Chabad Lubavitch Chief Rabbi of Finland"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Benyamin Wolff (2003–)<sup id="cite_ref-MuirTuori_18-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-MuirTuori-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="France">France</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chief_Rabbi&action=edit&section=26" title="Edit section: France"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_David_Sinzheim" title="Joseph David Sinzheim">David Sintzheim</a> (1808–1812)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abraham_Vita_de_Cologna" title="Abraham Vita de Cologna">Abraham Vita de Cologna</a> (1808–1826)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emmanuel_Deutz" title="Emmanuel Deutz">Emmanuel Deutz</a> (1810–1842)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marchand_Ennery" title="Marchand Ennery">Marchand Ennery</a> (1846–1852)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Salomon_Ulmann" title="Salomon Ulmann">Salomon Ulmann</a> (1853–1865)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lazare_Isidor" title="Lazare Isidor">Lazare Isidor</a> (1866–1888)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zadoc_Kahn" title="Zadoc Kahn">Zadoc Kahn</a> (1889–1905)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alfred_L%C3%A9vy" title="Alfred Lévy">Alfred Lévy</a> (1907–1919)</li> <li><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isra%C3%ABl_L%C3%A9vi" class="extiw" title="fr:Israël Lévi">Israël Lévi</a> (1920–1939)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Isa%C3%AFe_Schwartz" title="Isaïe Schwartz">Isaïe Schwartz</a> (1939–1952)</li> <li><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jacob_Kaplan" class="extiw" title="fr:Jacob Kaplan">Jacob Kaplan</a> (1955–1980)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ren%C3%A9-Samuel_Sirat" title="René-Samuel Sirat">René-Samuel Sirat</a> (1981–1987)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Sitruk" title="Joseph Sitruk">Joseph Sitruk</a> (1987–2008)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gilles_Bernheim" title="Gilles Bernheim">Gilles Bernheim</a> (2009–2013) (elected 22 June 2008, resigned 11 April 2013)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Haim_Korsia" class="mw-redirect" title="Haim Korsia">Haim Korsia</a> (2014–)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Galicia">Galicia</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chief_Rabbi&action=edit&section=27" title="Edit section: Galicia"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aryeh_Leib_Bernstein" title="Aryeh Leib Bernstein">Aryeh Leib Bernstein</a> (1778–1786)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edgar_Gluck" title="Edgar Gluck">Edgar Gluck</a></li></ul> <p><a href="/wiki/Galicia_(Eastern_Europe)" title="Galicia (Eastern Europe)">Galicia</a>, is a historical region in Eastern Europe, that today form part of <a href="/wiki/Poland" title="Poland">Poland</a> and <a href="/wiki/Ukraine" title="Ukraine">Ukraine</a>; the title of its Chief Rabbi had already been abolished 1 November 1786 as part of the <a href="/wiki/Josephinism" title="Josephinism">Josephinism</a> Reforms.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Due to its being a <a href="/wiki/Lviv#Jewish_population" title="Lviv">center for Jewish scholarship</a>, the Rabbi of <a href="/wiki/Lviv" title="Lviv">Lemberg</a> was traditionally seen as the Rabbi of Galicia in the era prior to <a href="/wiki/The_Holocaust" title="The Holocaust">World War II</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Greece">Greece</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chief_Rabbi&action=edit&section=28" title="Edit section: Greece"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Elias Barzilai</li> <li>Gabriel Negrin</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Guatemala">Guatemala</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chief_Rabbi&action=edit&section=29" title="Edit section: Guatemala"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Meyer_Rosenbaum_(II)" title="Meyer Rosenbaum (II)">Meyer Rosenbaum</a> (Son of <a href="/wiki/Isamar_Rosenbaum" title="Isamar Rosenbaum">Isamar</a> of <a href="/wiki/Nadvorna_(Hasidic_dynasty)" title="Nadvorna (Hasidic dynasty)">Nadvorna</a>, Later Chief Rabbi of Cuba)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Honduras">Honduras</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chief_Rabbi&action=edit&section=30" title="Edit section: Honduras"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aaron_Lankry&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Aaron Lankry (page does not exist)">Aaron Lankry</a><sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Hong_Kong">Hong Kong</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chief_Rabbi&action=edit&section=31" title="Edit section: Hong Kong"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ephraim_Mirvis" title="Ephraim Mirvis">Ephraim Mirvis</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mordecai_Avston&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mordecai Avston (page does not exist)">Mordecai Avston</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Netanel_Meoded&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Netanel Meoded (page does not exist)">Netanel Meoded</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Hungary">Hungary</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chief_Rabbi&action=edit&section=32" title="Edit section: Hungary"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <dl><dd><i>Note that this list is not in chronological order.</i></dd></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Meir_Eisenstadt" title="Meir Eisenstadt">Meir Eisenstadt</a> known as the <i>Panim Me'iros</i> (1708–), rabbi of Eisenstadt and author of "Panim Me'irot"</li> <li>Alexander ben Menahem</li> <li>Phinehas Auerbach</li> <li>Jacob Eliezer Braunschweig</li> <li>Hirsch Semnitz</li> <li>Simon Jolles (1717–?)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samson_Wertheimer" title="Samson Wertheimer">Samson Wertheimer</a> (1693?–1724) (also <a href="/wiki/Eisenstadt" title="Eisenstadt">Eisenstadt</a> and <a href="/wiki/Moravia" title="Moravia">Moravia</a>)</li> <li>Issachar Berush Eskeles (1725–1753)<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Hirsch_Weiss" title="Joseph Hirsch Weiss">Joseph Hirsch Weiss</a>—grandfather of <a href="/wiki/Stephen_Samuel_Wise" title="Stephen Samuel Wise">Stephen Samuel Wise</a><sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Samuel Kohn</li> <li>Simon Hevesi (father of Ferenc Hevesi)</li> <li>Ferenc Hevesi</li> <li>Moshe Kunitzer a pioneer of the Haskalah movement in Hungary (1828–1837)</li> <li>Koppel Reich</li> <li>Chaim Yehuda Deutsch</li> <li>József Schweitzer</li> <li>Robert (Avrohom Yehudoh) Deutsch</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Iran">Iran</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chief_Rabbi&action=edit&section=33" title="Edit section: Iran"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/List_of_Chief_Rabbis_of_Iran" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Chief Rabbis of Iran">List of Chief Rabbis of Iran</a></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Yedidia_Shofet" title="Yedidia Shofet">Yedidia Shofet</a> (1922–1980)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uriel_Davidi" title="Uriel Davidi">Uriel Davidi</a> (1980–1994)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yosef_Hamadani_Cohen" title="Yosef Hamadani Cohen">Yosef Hamadani Cohen</a> (1994–2007)</li> <li>Mashallah Golestani-Nejad (2007–2011)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yehuda_Gerami" title="Yehuda Gerami">Yehuda Gerami</a> (2011-present)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Ireland">Ireland</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chief_Rabbi&action=edit&section=34" title="Edit section: Ireland"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Yitzhak_HaLevi_Herzog" title="Yitzhak HaLevi Herzog">Yitzhak HaLevi Herzog</a> (1921–1937)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Immanuel_Jakobovits" class="mw-redirect" title="Immanuel Jakobovits">Immanuel Jakobovits</a> (1949–1958)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Isaac_Cohen" title="Isaac Cohen">Isaac Cohen</a> (1959–1979)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Rosen_(Rabbi)" class="mw-redirect" title="David Rosen (Rabbi)">David Rosen</a> (1979–1984)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ephraim_Mirvis" title="Ephraim Mirvis">Ephraim Mirvis</a> (1985–1992)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Shimon_Yehudah_Harris&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Shimon Yehudah Harris (page does not exist)">Shimon Yehudah Harris</a> (1993–1994)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gavin_Broder" title="Gavin Broder">Gavin Broder</a> (1996–2000)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yaakov_Pearlman" title="Yaakov Pearlman">Yaakov Pearlman</a> (2001–2008)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Zalman_Lent&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Zalman Lent (page does not exist)">Zalman Lent</a> (acting Chief Rabbi, 2008–2023)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yoni_Wieder&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Yoni Wieder (page does not exist)">Yoni Wieder</a> (2023-Present)</li></ul> <p>The appointment of a new Chief Rabbi of Ireland has been put on hold since 2008.<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A new Rabbi, Yoni Wieder was appointed in 2023. <sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Israel">Israel</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chief_Rabbi&action=edit&section=35" title="Edit section: Israel"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Chief_Rabbinate_of_Israel" title="Chief Rabbinate of Israel">Chief Rabbinate of Israel</a></div> <p>The position of chief rabbi (<a href="/wiki/Hebrew_language" title="Hebrew language">Hebrew</a>: <span lang="he" dir="rtl">רַב רָאשִׁי</span>) of the <a href="/wiki/Land_of_Israel" title="Land of Israel">Land of Israel</a> has existed for hundreds of years. During the <a href="/wiki/Mandatory_Palestine" title="Mandatory Palestine">Mandatory Period</a>, the British recognized the chief rabbis of the Ashkenazi and Sephardi communities, just as they recognized the <a href="/wiki/Mufti_of_Jerusalem" class="mw-redirect" title="Mufti of Jerusalem">Mufti of Jerusalem</a>. The offices continued after statehood was achieved. <a href="/wiki/Haredi" class="mw-redirect" title="Haredi">Haredi</a> Jewish groups (such as <a href="/wiki/Edah_HaChareidis" title="Edah HaChareidis">Edah HaChareidis</a>) do not recognize the authority of the Chief Rabbinate. They usually have their own rabbis who do not have any connection to the state rabbinate. </p><p>Under current Israeli law, the post of Chief Rabbi exists in only four cities (<a href="/wiki/Jerusalem" title="Jerusalem">Jerusalem</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tel_Aviv" title="Tel Aviv">Tel Aviv</a>, <a href="/wiki/Haifa" title="Haifa">Haifa</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Beersheba" title="Beersheba">Beersheba</a>). In other cities there may be one main rabbi to whom the other rabbis of that city defer, but that post is not officially the "Chief Rabbi". </p><p>Many of Israel's chief rabbis were previously chief rabbis of Israeli cities. </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1216972533">.mw-parser-output .col-begin{border-collapse:collapse;padding:0;color:inherit;width:100%;border:0;margin:0}.mw-parser-output .col-begin-small{font-size:90%}.mw-parser-output .col-break{vertical-align:top;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .col-break-2{width:50%}.mw-parser-output .col-break-3{width:33.3%}.mw-parser-output .col-break-4{width:25%}.mw-parser-output .col-break-5{width:20%}@media(max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .col-begin,.mw-parser-output .col-begin>tbody,.mw-parser-output .col-begin>tbody>tr,.mw-parser-output .col-begin>tbody>tr>td{display:block!important;width:100%!important}.mw-parser-output .col-break{padding-left:0!important}}</style><div> <table class="col-begin" role="presentation"> <tbody><tr> <td class="col-break col-break-2"> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Sephardi_3">Sephardi</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chief_Rabbi&action=edit&section=36" title="Edit section: Sephardi"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Moshe Galante (the Younger) (1665–1689)</li> <li>Moshe ibn Habib (1689–1696)</li> <li>Moshe Hayun</li> <li>Abraham ben David Yitzhaki (1715–1722)</li> <li>Binyamin Maali</li> <li>Elazar ben Yaacob Nahum (1730–1748)</li> <li>Nissim Mizrahi (1748–1754)</li> <li>Israel Yaacob Algazy (1754–1756)</li> <li>Raphael Samuel Meyuchas (1756–1791)</li> <li>Haim Raphael Abraham ben Asher (1771–1772)</li> <li>Yom Tov Algazy (1772–1802)</li> <li>Moshe Yosef Mordechai Meyuchas (1802–1805)</li> <li>Yaacob Moshe Ayash al-Maghrebi (1806–1817)</li> <li>Jacob Coral (1817–1819)</li> <li>Raphael Yosef Hazzan (1819–1822)</li> <li>Yom Tov Danon (1822–1824)</li> <li>Salomon Moshe Suzin (1824–1836)</li> <li>Yonah Moshe Navon (1836–1841)</li> <li>Yehudah Raphael Navon (1841–1842)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chaim_Abraham_Gagin" title="Chaim Abraham Gagin">Chaim Abraham Gagin</a> (1842–1848)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Isaac_Kovo" class="mw-redirect" title="Isaac Kovo">Isaac Kovo</a> (1848–1854)</li> <li>Haim Nissim Abulafia (1854–1861)</li> <li>Haim David Hazan (1861–1869)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Abraham_Ashkenasi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Abraham Ashkenasi (page does not exist)">Avraham Ashkenazi</a> (1869–1880)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raphael_Meir_Panigel" title="Raphael Meir Panigel">Raphael Meir Panigel</a> (1880–1892)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jacob_Saul_Elyashar" class="mw-redirect" title="Jacob Saul Elyashar">Yaacob Shaul Elyashar</a> (1893–1906)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jacob_Meir" class="mw-redirect" title="Jacob Meir">Yaacob Meir</a> (1906)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elijah_Moses_Panigel" class="mw-redirect" title="Elijah Moses Panigel">Eliyah Moshe Panigel</a> (1907–1909)</li> <li>Nahman Batito (1909–1911)</li> <li>Moshe Franco (1911–1915)</li> <li>Haim Moshe Elyashar (1914–1915)</li> <li>Nissim Yehudah Danon (1915–1921)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jacob_Meir" class="mw-redirect" title="Jacob Meir">Yaacob Meir</a> (1921–1939)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ben-Zion_Meir_Hai_Uziel" title="Ben-Zion Meir Hai Uziel">Benzion Uziel</a> (1939–1954)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yitzhak_Nissim" title="Yitzhak Nissim">Yitzhak Nissim</a> (1955–1973)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ovadia_Yosef" title="Ovadia Yosef">Ovadia Yosef</a> (1973–1983)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mordechai_Eliyahu" title="Mordechai Eliyahu">Mordechai Eliyahu</a> (1983–1993)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eliyahu_Bakshi-Doron" title="Eliyahu Bakshi-Doron">Eliyahu Bakshi-Doron</a> (1993–2003)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shlomo_Amar" title="Shlomo Amar">Shlomo Amar</a> (2003–2013)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yitzhak_Yosef" title="Yitzhak Yosef">Yitzhak Yosef</a> (2013–2024)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Yosef" title="David Yosef">David Yosef</a> (2024–present<sup class="plainlinks noexcerpt noprint asof-tag update" style="display:none;"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Chief_Rabbi&action=edit">[update]</a></sup>)</li></ul> </td> <td class="col-break col-break-2"> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Ashkenazi_3">Ashkenazi</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chief_Rabbi&action=edit&section=37" title="Edit section: Ashkenazi"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Meir_Auerbach" title="Meir Auerbach">Meir Auerbach</a>—Rabbi of Jerusalem (1860–1871)<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samuel_Salant" class="mw-redirect" title="Samuel Salant">Samuel Salant</a> (1871–1909)<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abraham_Isaac_Kook" title="Abraham Isaac Kook">Abraham Isaac Kook</a> (1921–1935)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yitzhak_HaLevi_Herzog" title="Yitzhak HaLevi Herzog">Yitzhak HaLevi Herzog</a> (1936–1959)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Isser_Yehuda_Unterman" title="Isser Yehuda Unterman">Isser Yehuda Unterman</a> (1964–1973)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shlomo_Goren" title="Shlomo Goren">Shlomo Goren</a> (1973–1983)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Avraham_Shapira" title="Avraham Shapira">Avraham Shapira</a> (1983–1993)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yisrael_Meir_Lau" title="Yisrael Meir Lau">Yisrael Meir Lau</a> (1993–2003)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yona_Metzger" title="Yona Metzger">Yona Metzger</a> (2003–2013)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Lau" title="David Lau">David Lau</a> (2013–2024)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kalman_Ber" title="Kalman Ber">Kalman Ber</a> (2024–present) </li></ul> </td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Military_Rabbinate">Military Rabbinate</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chief_Rabbi&action=edit&section=38" title="Edit section: Military Rabbinate"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Shlomo_Goren" title="Shlomo Goren">Shlomo Goren</a> (1948–1968)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mordechai_Piron" title="Mordechai Piron">Mordechai Piron</a> (1968–1977)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gad_Navon" title="Gad Navon">Gad Navon</a> (1977–2000)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Israel_Weiss" title="Israel Weiss">Israel Weiss</a> (2000–2006)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Avichai_Rontzki" title="Avichai Rontzki">Avichai Rontzki</a> (2006–2010)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rafi_Peretz" title="Rafi Peretz">Rafi Peretz</a> (2010–2016)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eyal_Karim" class="mw-redirect" title="Eyal Karim">Eyal Karim</a> (2016–)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Japan">Japan</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chief_Rabbi&action=edit&section=39" title="Edit section: Japan"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Binyamin_Edre%27i&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Binyamin Edre'i (page does not exist)">Binyamin Edre'i</a> (2015–present)<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Latvia">Latvia</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chief_Rabbi&action=edit&section=40" title="Edit section: Latvia"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mordechai_Nurock" title="Mordechai Nurock">Mordechai Nurock</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Lebanon">Lebanon</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chief_Rabbi&action=edit&section=41" title="Edit section: Lebanon"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mo%C3%AFse_Yedid-Levy&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Moïse Yedid-Levy (page does not exist)">Moïse Yedid-Levy</a> (1799–1829)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ralph_Alfandari&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ralph Alfandari (page does not exist)">Ralph Alfandari</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Youssef_Mann&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Youssef Mann (page does not exist)">Youssef Mann</a> (1849)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aharoun_Yedid-Levy&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Aharoun Yedid-Levy (page does not exist)">Aharoun Yedid-Levy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zaki_Cohen" title="Zaki Cohen">Zaki Cohen</a> (1875)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Menach%C3%A9_Ezra_Sutton&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Menaché Ezra Sutton (page does not exist)">Menaché Ezra Sutton</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jacob_Bukai&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jacob Bukai (page does not exist)">Jacob Bukai</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ha%C3%AFm_Dana&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Haïm Dana (page does not exist)">Haïm Dana</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mo%C3%AFse_Yedid-Levy&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Moïse Yedid-Levy (page does not exist)">Moïse Yedid-Levy</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nassim_Afandi_Danon&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nassim Afandi Danon (page does not exist)">Nassim Afandi Danon</a> (1908–1909)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jacob_Tarrab&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jacob Tarrab (page does not exist)">Jacob Tarrab</a> (1910–1921)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Salomon_Tagger&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Salomon Tagger (page does not exist)">Salomon Tagger</a> (1921–1923)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Shabtai_Bahbout&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Shabtai Bahbout (page does not exist)">Shabtai Bahbout</a> (1924–1950)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Benzion_Lichtman&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Benzion Lichtman (page does not exist)">Benzion Lichtman</a> (1932–1959)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Shahud_Chreim&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Shahud Chreim (page does not exist)">Shahud Chreim</a> (1960–1978)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Lithuania">Lithuania</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chief_Rabbi&action=edit&section=42" title="Edit section: Lithuania"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Avraham_Duber_Kahana_Shapiro" title="Avraham Duber Kahana Shapiro">Avraham Duber Kahana Shapiro</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Luxembourg">Luxembourg</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chief_Rabbi&action=edit&section=43" title="Edit section: Luxembourg"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Samuel_Hirsch" title="Samuel Hirsch">Samuel Hirsch</a> (1843-1866)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Serebrenik" title="Robert Serebrenik">Robert Serebrenik</a> (1929–1941)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Mexico">Mexico</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chief_Rabbi&action=edit&section=44" title="Edit section: Mexico"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Shlomo Tawil (1998–Present)</li> <li>Uziel Milevsky (1981-1985)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="North_Macedonia">North Macedonia</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chief_Rabbi&action=edit&section=45" title="Edit section: North Macedonia"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Avi Kozma</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Morocco">Morocco</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chief_Rabbi&action=edit&section=46" title="Edit section: Morocco"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mardo_Chee_Bengio&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mardo Chee Bengio (page does not exist)">Mardo Chee Bengio</a><sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Chief Rabbi of Tangier.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raphael_Ankawa" title="Raphael Ankawa">Raphael Ankawa</a> (1918–1935)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mikail_Encaoua&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mikail Encaoua (page does not exist)">Mikail Encaoua</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chalom_Messas" class="mw-redirect" title="Chalom Messas">Chalom Messas</a> (1961–1978)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aaron_Monsonego" title="Aaron Monsonego">Aaron Monsonego</a> (1994–2018)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yoshiyahu_Yosef_Pinto" title="Yoshiyahu Yosef Pinto">Yoshiyahu Pinto</a><sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (2019–present)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Nepal">Nepal</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chief_Rabbi&action=edit&section=47" title="Edit section: Nepal"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chezki_Lifshitz&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Chezki Lifshitz (page does not exist)">Chezki Lifshitz</a> (2000–present)<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (September 2021)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Norway">Norway</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chief_Rabbi&action=edit&section=48" title="Edit section: Norway"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Isaak_Julius_Samuel&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Isaak Julius Samuel (page does not exist)">Isaak Julius Samuel</a> (1930–1942)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Melchior" title="Michael Melchior">Michael Melchior</a> (1980–present<sup class="plainlinks noexcerpt noprint asof-tag update" style="display:none;"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Chief_Rabbi&action=edit">[update]</a></sup>)<sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Panama">Panama</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chief_Rabbi&action=edit&section=49" title="Edit section: Panama"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Zion_Levy" title="Zion Levy">Zion Levy</a> (1951–2008) Sephardic Chief Rabbi</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aaron_Laine&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Aaron Laine (page does not exist)">Aaron Laine</a> (1986–) Ashkenazi Chief Rabbi</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=David_Perets&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="David Perets (page does not exist)">David Perets</a> (2016–) Sephardic Chief Rabbi</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Peru">Peru</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chief_Rabbi&action=edit&section=50" title="Edit section: Peru"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abraham_Moshe_Brener" title="Abraham Moshe Brener">Abraham Moshe Brener</a> (1930-1967)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Baruj_Epstein&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Baruj Epstein (page does not exist)">Baruj Epstein</a> (1966-1967)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yaakov_Kraus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Yaakov Kraus (page does not exist)">Yaakov Kraus</a> (1987-1998)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Efraim_Zik&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Efraim Zik (page does not exist)">Efraim Zik</a> (1999-2009)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Itay_Meushar&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Itay Meushar (page does not exist)">Itay Meushar</a> (2009-2016)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Salomon_Cohen&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Salomon Cohen (page does not exist)">Salomon Cohen</a> (2016-2019)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Poland">Poland</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chief_Rabbi&action=edit&section=51" title="Edit section: Poland"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/List_of_Polish_Rabbis" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Polish Rabbis">List of Polish Rabbis</a></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jacob_Pollak" title="Jacob Pollak">Jacob Pollak</a> (appointed 1503)<sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Moses_Fishel&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Moses Fishel (page does not exist)">Moses Fishel</a> (1541–1542)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dow_Ber_Percowicz&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dow Ber Percowicz (page does not exist)">Dow Ber Percowicz</a> (1945–1956)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zew_Wawa_Morejno" title="Zew Wawa Morejno">Zew Wawa Morejno</a> (1956–1957)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dow_Ber_Percowicz&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dow Ber Percowicz (page does not exist)">Dow Ber Percowicz</a> (1957–1961)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Uszer_Zibes&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Uszer Zibes (page does not exist)">Uszer Zibes</a> (1961–1966)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zew_Wawa_Morejno" title="Zew Wawa Morejno">Zew Wawa Morejno</a> (1966–1973)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pinchas_Menachem_Joskowicz&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pinchas Menachem Joskowicz (page does not exist)">Pinchas Menachem Joskowicz</a> (1988–1999)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Schudrich" title="Michael Schudrich">Michael Schudrich</a> (2004–present<sup class="plainlinks noexcerpt noprint asof-tag update" style="display:none;"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Chief_Rabbi&action=edit">[update]</a></sup>)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Poland:_Armed_Forces">Poland: Armed Forces</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chief_Rabbi&action=edit&section=52" title="Edit section: Poland: Armed Forces"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chaim_Elizjer_Frankl" class="extiw" title="pl:Chaim Elizjer Frankl">Chaim Elizjer Frankl</a> (?–1933)</li> <li>Major <a href="/wiki/Baruch_Steinberg" title="Baruch Steinberg">Baruch Steinberg</a> (1933–circa 12 April 1940) murdered by <a href="/wiki/NKVD" title="NKVD">NKVD</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Katyn_massacre" title="Katyn massacre">Katyn massacre</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Romania">Romania</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chief_Rabbi&action=edit&section=53" title="Edit section: Romania"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Yaakov Yitzhak Neimerov (d. 1940)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexandru_Safran" class="mw-redirect" title="Alexandru Safran">Alexandru Safran</a> (1940–1948)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moses_Rosen" title="Moses Rosen">Moses Rosen</a> (1948–1994)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Menachem_Hacohen" title="Menachem Hacohen">Menachem Hacohen</a> (1997–2012)</li> <li><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rafael_Shaffer" class="extiw" title="ro:Rafael Shaffer">Rafael Shaffer</a> (2012–present)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Russia">Russia</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chief_Rabbi&action=edit&section=54" title="Edit section: Russia"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Chief_Rabbi_of_Russia" title="Chief Rabbi of Russia">Chief Rabbi of Russia</a></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Adolf_Shayevich" title="Adolf Shayevich">Adolf Shayevich</a> (1983, officially since 1993–present<sup class="plainlinks noexcerpt noprint asof-tag update" style="display:none;"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Chief_Rabbi&action=edit">[update]</a></sup>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Berel_Lazar" title="Berel Lazar">Berel Lazar</a> (2000–present<sup class="plainlinks noexcerpt noprint asof-tag update" style="display:none;"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Chief_Rabbi&action=edit">[update]</a></sup>)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Military_Rabbinate_2">Military Rabbinate</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chief_Rabbi&action=edit&section=55" title="Edit section: Military Rabbinate"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aharon_Gurevich" title="Aharon Gurevich">Aharon Gurevich</a> (2007–present<sup class="plainlinks noexcerpt noprint asof-tag update" style="display:none;"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Chief_Rabbi&action=edit">[update]</a></sup>)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Serbia">Serbia</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chief_Rabbi&action=edit&section=56" title="Edit section: Serbia"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Isaac_Alcalay" title="Isaac Alcalay">Isaac Alcalay</a>, also Chief Rabbi of <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Yugoslavia" title="Kingdom of Yugoslavia">Yugoslavia</a> from 1923 to 1941</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Isak_Asiel&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Isak Asiel (page does not exist)">Isak Asiel</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Singapore">Singapore</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chief_Rabbi&action=edit&section=57" title="Edit section: Singapore"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Mordechai Abergel<sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Slovakia">Slovakia</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chief_Rabbi&action=edit&section=58" title="Edit section: Slovakia"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Moses_Sofer" title="Moses Sofer">Moses Sofer</a> (1806–1839)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samuel_Benjamin_Sofer" class="mw-redirect" title="Samuel Benjamin Sofer">Samuel Benjamin Sofer</a> (1839–1871)</li> <li>Simcha Bunim Sofer (1871–1907)</li> <li>Akiva Sofer (1907–1938)</li> <li>Izidor Katz (1950–1968)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baruch_Myers" title="Baruch Myers">Baruch Myers</a> (1993–present)<sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="South_Africa">South Africa</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chief_Rabbi&action=edit&section=59" title="Edit section: South Africa"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Judah_Leo_Landau" title="Judah Leo Landau">Judah Leo Landau</a> (1915–1942)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louis_Isaac_Rabinowitz" title="Louis Isaac Rabinowitz">Louis Rabinowitz</a> (1945–1961)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bernard_M._Casper" title="Bernard M. Casper">Bernard M. Casper</a> (1963–1987)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cyril_Harris" title="Cyril Harris">Cyril Harris</a> (1988–2004)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Warren_Goldstein" title="Warren Goldstein">Warren Goldstein</a> (2005–present<sup class="plainlinks noexcerpt noprint asof-tag update" style="display:none;"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Chief_Rabbi&action=edit">[update]</a></sup>)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Spain">Spain</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chief_Rabbi&action=edit&section=60" title="Edit section: Spain"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The following are Chief Rabbis of the Jewish Community of Madrid (CJM): </p> <ul><li>Baruj Garzon (1968–1978), the first Chief Rabbi in Spain since the expulsion in 1492</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yehuda_Benasouli" title="Yehuda Benasouli">Yehuda Benasouli</a> (1978–1997)</li> <li>Moshe Bendahan (1997–present<sup class="plainlinks noexcerpt noprint asof-tag update" style="display:none;"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Chief_Rabbi&action=edit">[update]</a></sup>)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Chabad-Lubavitch">Chabad-Lubavitch</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chief_Rabbi&action=edit&section=61" title="Edit section: Chabad-Lubavitch"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Menachem Naftalin (2025-)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Sudan">Sudan</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chief_Rabbi&action=edit&section=62" title="Edit section: Sudan"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Solomon Malka (1906–1949)</li> <li>Haim Simoni (1950–1952)</li> <li>Massoud El-Baz (1956–1965 by which time the Jewish community in Sudan had declined so dramatically that they could not afford to pay a Rabbi)<sup id="cite_ref-Rachel_Abboudi_38-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Rachel_Abboudi-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Syria">Syria</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chief_Rabbi&action=edit&section=63" title="Edit section: Syria"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yom_Tov_Yedid&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Yom Tov Yedid (page does not exist)">Yom Tov Yedid</a> (1960–1982), moved to the United States in 1982 and died 27 July 2016 in the United States</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Thailand">Thailand</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chief_Rabbi&action=edit&section=64" title="Edit section: Thailand"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yosef_Kantor&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Yosef Kantor (page does not exist)">Yosef Kantor</a> (1992–present)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Transylvania_(before_1918)"><span id="Transylvania_.28before_1918.29"></span>Transylvania (before 1918)</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chief_Rabbi&action=edit&section=65" title="Edit section: Transylvania (before 1918)"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Note: The chief rabbi of <a href="/wiki/Transylvania" title="Transylvania">Transylvania</a> was generally the rabbi of the city of <a href="/wiki/Alba_Iulia" title="Alba Iulia">Alba Iulia</a>. </p> <ul><li>Joseph Reis Auerbach (d. 1750)</li> <li>Shalom Selig ben Saul Cohen (1754–1757)</li> <li>Johanan ben Isaac (1758–1760)</li> <li>Benjamin Ze'eb Wolf of Cracow (1764–1777)</li> <li>Moses ben Samuel Levi Margaliot (1778–1817)</li> <li>Menahem ben Joshua Mendel (1818–23)</li> <li>Ezekiel Paneth (1823–1843)</li> <li>Abraham Friedmann (d. 1879), last chief rabbi of Transylvania</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Tunisia">Tunisia</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chief_Rabbi&action=edit&section=66" title="Edit section: Tunisia"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chaim_Madar" title="Chaim Madar">Chaim Madar</a> (1984–2004)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Turkey">Turkey</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chief_Rabbi&action=edit&section=67" title="Edit section: Turkey"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Hakham_Bashi" title="Hakham Bashi">Hakham Bashi</a></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Eli_Capsali" class="mw-redirect" title="Eli Capsali">Eli Capsali</a> (1452–1454)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moses_Capsali" title="Moses Capsali">Moses Capsali</a> (1454–1497)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elijah_Mizrachi" title="Elijah Mizrachi">Elijah Mizrachi</a> (1497–1526)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mordechai_Komitano&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mordechai Komitano (page does not exist)">Mordechai Komitano</a> (1526–1542)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tam_ben_Yahya&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tam ben Yahya (page does not exist)">Tam ben Yahya</a> (1542–1543)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eli_Rozanes_ha-Levi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Eli Rozanes ha-Levi (page does not exist)">Eli Rozanes ha-Levi</a> (1543)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eli_ben_Hayim&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Eli ben Hayim (page does not exist)">Eli ben Hayim</a> (1543–1602)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yehiel_Bashan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Yehiel Bashan (page does not exist)">Yehiel Bashan</a> (1602–1625)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Joseph_Mitrani&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Joseph Mitrani (page does not exist)">Joseph Mitrani</a> (1625–1639)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yomtov_Benyaes&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Yomtov Benyaes (page does not exist)">Yomtov Benyaes</a> (1639–1642)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yomtov_Hananiah_Benyakar&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Yomtov Hananiah Benyakar (page does not exist)">Yomtov Hananiah Benyakar</a> (1642–1677)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chaim_Kamhi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Chaim Kamhi (page does not exist)">Chaim Kamhi</a> (1677–1715)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Judah_Benrey&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Judah Benrey (page does not exist)">Judah Benrey</a> (1715–1717)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Samuel_Levi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Samuel Levi (page does not exist)">Samuel Levi</a> (1717–1720)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Abraham_Rozanes&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Abraham Rozanes (page does not exist)">Abraham Rozanes</a> (1720–1745)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Solomon_Hayim_Alfandari&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Solomon Hayim Alfandari (page does not exist)">Solomon Hayim Alfandari</a> (1745–1762)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Meir_Ishaki&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Meir Ishaki (page does not exist)">Meir Ishaki</a> (1762–1780)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eli_Palombo&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Eli Palombo (page does not exist)">Eli Palombo</a> (1780–1800)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chaim_Jacob_Benyakar&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Chaim Jacob Benyakar (page does not exist)">Chaim Jacob Benyakar</a> (1800–1835)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Abraham_Levi_Pasha&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Abraham Levi Pasha (page does not exist)">Abraham Levi Pasha</a> (1835–1839)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Samuel_Hayim&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Samuel Hayim (page does not exist)">Samuel Hayim</a> (1839–1841)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Moiz_Fresko&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Moiz Fresko (page does not exist)">Moiz Fresko</a> (1841–1854)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yacob_Avigdor&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Yacob Avigdor (page does not exist)">Yacob Avigdor</a> (1854–1870)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yakir_Gueron" title="Yakir Gueron">Yakir Geron</a> (1870–1872)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moses_Levi" title="Moses Levi">Moses Levi</a> (1872–1909)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chaim_Nahum" title="Chaim Nahum">Chaim Nahum</a> Effendi (1909–1920)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Shabbetai_Levi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Shabbetai Levi (page does not exist)">Shabbetai Levi</a> (1920–1922)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Isaac_Ariel&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Isaac Ariel (page does not exist)">Isaac Ariel</a> (1922–1926)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Haim_Bejerano&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Haim Bejerano (page does not exist)">Haim Bejerano</a> (1926–1931)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Haim_Isaac_Saki&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Haim Isaac Saki (page does not exist)">Haim Isaac Saki</a> (1931–1940)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rafael_David_Saban&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Rafael David Saban (page does not exist)">Rafael David Saban</a> (1940–1960)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Asseo" title="David Asseo">David Asseo</a> (1961–2002)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ishak_Haleva" title="Ishak Haleva">Ishak Haleva</a> (2003–present<sup class="plainlinks noexcerpt noprint asof-tag update" style="display:none;"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Chief_Rabbi&action=edit">[update]</a></sup>)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Chabad_2">Chabad</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chief_Rabbi&action=edit&section=68" title="Edit section: Chabad"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mendy_Chitrik" title="Mendy Chitrik">Mendy Chitrik</a> (2003-present)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Uganda">Uganda</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chief_Rabbi&action=edit&section=69" title="Edit section: Uganda"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gershom_Sizomu" title="Gershom Sizomu">Gershom Sizomu</a> (present<sup class="plainlinks noexcerpt noprint asof-tag update" style="display:none;"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Chief_Rabbi&action=edit">[update]</a></sup>) (see: <a href="/wiki/Abayudaya" title="Abayudaya">Abayudaya</a>)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Ukraine">Ukraine</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chief_Rabbi&action=edit&section=70" title="Edit section: Ukraine"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Azriel_Chaikin" title="Azriel Chaikin">Azriel Chaikin</a> (2003–2009)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="United_Arab_Emirates">United Arab Emirates</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chief_Rabbi&action=edit&section=71" title="Edit section: United Arab Emirates"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Levi_Duchman" title="Levi Duchman">Levi Duchman</a> (2015-present<sup class="plainlinks noexcerpt noprint asof-tag update" style="display:none;"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Chief_Rabbi&action=edit">[update]</a></sup>) first resident rabbi to the UAE, appointed <a href="/wiki/Chabad" title="Chabad">Chabad</a> <a href="/wiki/Shaliach" class="mw-redirect" title="Shaliach">Shaliach</a> to the UAE in 2020, making him the first Chabad Shaliach in a Gulf country. Directs the Jewish Community Center of the UAE. <a href="/wiki/Yehuda_Sarna" title="Yehuda Sarna">Rabbi Yehuda Sarna</a> is the current Chief Rabbi of the Jewish Council of the Emirates.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="United_Kingdom_and_Commonwealth">United Kingdom and Commonwealth</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chief_Rabbi&action=edit&section=72" title="Edit section: United Kingdom and Commonwealth"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Presbyter_Judaeorum_(England)"><span id="Presbyter_Judaeorum_.28England.29"></span>Presbyter Judaeorum (England)</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chief_Rabbi&action=edit&section=73" title="Edit section: Presbyter Judaeorum (England)"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Presbyter_Judaeorum" title="Presbyter Judaeorum">Presbyter Judaeorum</a></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jacob_of_London" title="Jacob of London">Jacob of London</a>, (appointed 1199)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Josce_of_London" title="Josce of London">Josce of London</a> (1217–1237)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aaron_of_York" title="Aaron of York">Aaron of York</a> (1237)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elias_le_Evesque" class="mw-redirect" title="Elias le Evesque">Elias le Evesque</a> (appointed 1237)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hagin_fil_Mosse" class="mw-redirect" title="Hagin fil Mosse">Hagin fil Mosse</a> (appointed 1257)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hagin_Deulacres" title="Hagin Deulacres">Hagin fil Deulacres</a> (appointed 1281 by the favour of <a href="/wiki/Eleanor_of_Provence" title="Eleanor of Provence">Eleanor of Provence</a><sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>).</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Ashkenazi_chief_rabbis">Ashkenazi chief rabbis</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chief_Rabbi&action=edit&section=74" title="Edit section: Ashkenazi chief rabbis"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/List_of_chief_rabbis_of_the_United_Hebrew_Congregations" title="List of chief rabbis of the United Hebrew Congregations">List of chief rabbis of the United Hebrew Congregations</a></div> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Judah_Loeb_ben_Abraham_Ephraim_Asher_Anshel&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Judah Loeb ben Abraham Ephraim Asher Anshel (page does not exist)">Judah Loeb ben Abraham Ephraim Asher Anshel</a> (1696–1700)<sup id="cite_ref-Yerushaseinu_40-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Yerushaseinu-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aaron_the_Scribe_of_Dublin&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Aaron the Scribe of Dublin (page does not exist)">Aaron the Scribe of Dublin</a> (1700–1704)<sup id="cite_ref-Yerushaseinu_40-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Yerushaseinu-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aaron_Hart_(rabbi)" title="Aaron Hart (rabbi)">Aaron Hart</a> (1704–1756)<sup id="cite_ref-Yerushaseinu_40-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Yerushaseinu-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hart_Lyon" class="mw-redirect" title="Hart Lyon">Hart Lyon</a> (1758–1764)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tevele_Schiff" title="Tevele Schiff">David Tevele Schiff</a> (1765–1791)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Solomon_Hirschell" title="Solomon Hirschell">Solomon Hirschell</a> (1802–1842)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nathan_Marcus_Adler" title="Nathan Marcus Adler">Nathan Marcus Adler</a> (1845–1891)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hermann_Adler" title="Hermann Adler">Hermann Adler</a> (1891–1911)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_H._Hertz" class="mw-redirect" title="Joseph H. Hertz">Joseph Herman Hertz</a> (1913–1946)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Israel_Brodie" title="Israel Brodie">Israel Brodie</a> (1948–1965)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Immanuel_Jakobovits" class="mw-redirect" title="Immanuel Jakobovits">Immanuel Jakobovits</a> (1966–1991; knighted 1981, <a href="/wiki/Life_peer" title="Life peer">life peer</a> 1988)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jonathan_Sacks" class="mw-redirect" title="Jonathan Sacks">Jonathan Sacks</a> (1991–2013; knighted 2005, life peer 2009)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ephraim_Mirvis" title="Ephraim Mirvis">Ephraim Mirvis</a> (2013–present; knighted 2023)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Spanish_and_Portuguese_community_Hahamim/senior_rabbis"><span id="Spanish_and_Portuguese_community_Hahamim.2Fsenior_rabbis"></span>Spanish and Portuguese community Hahamim/senior rabbis</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chief_Rabbi&action=edit&section=75" title="Edit section: Spanish and Portuguese community Hahamim/senior rabbis"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Sephardi Jews in the United Kingdom are mainly members of independent synagogues. There is no single rabbi recognised by them as a chief rabbi. The Spanish and Portuguese community, however, consists of several synagogues, charities, a beth din and a kashruth authority. These are under the leadership of an ecclesiastical head. Historically, the individual who fills this role is recognised as a senior rabbi of Anglo Jewry, being the leader of the oldest Jewish community in the country. The Senior Rabbi was traditionally given the title, <i>Haham,</i> meaning "wise one". Since 1918, however, only Solomon Gaon was given this title. The official title of the holder of this office is now The Senior Rabbi of the S&P Sephardi Community of the United Kingdom. </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jacob_ben_Aaron_Sasportas" title="Jacob ben Aaron Sasportas">Jacob ben Aaron Sasportas</a> (1664–1665)</li> <li>Yehoshua Da Silva (1670–1679)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jacob_Abendana" title="Jacob Abendana">Jacob Abendana</a> (1681–1684)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Solomon_Ayllon" title="Solomon Ayllon">Solomon Ayllon</a> (1689–1700)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Nieto" title="David Nieto">David Nieto</a> (1701–1728)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Isaac_Nieto" title="Isaac Nieto">Isaac Nieto</a> (1732–1740)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moses_Gomez_de_Mesquita" title="Moses Gomez de Mesquita">Moshe Gomes de Mesquita</a> (1744–1751)</li> <li>Moshe Cohen d'Azevedo (1761–1784)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raphael_Meldola_(Sephardic_Rabbi)" class="mw-redirect" title="Raphael Meldola (Sephardic Rabbi)">Raphael Meldola</a> (1806–1828)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Benjamin_Artom" title="Benjamin Artom">Benjamin Artom</a> (1866–1879)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moses_Gaster" title="Moses Gaster">Moses Gaster</a> (1887–1918)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shem_Tob_Gaguine" title="Shem Tob Gaguine">Shem Tob Gaguine</a> (1920–1953) (officially the "Ecclesiastical Chief of the Spanish & Portuguese Jews' Congregation," not the Haham)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Solomon_Gaon" title="Solomon Gaon">Solomon Gaon</a> (1949–1995)</li> <li>Abraham Levy (1995–2012) (officially the Communal Rabbi and Spiritual Head of the Spanish & Portuguese Jews' Congregation, not the <i>haham</i>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Dweck" title="Joseph Dweck">Joseph Dweck</a> (2013–) (elected Senior Rabbi of The S&P Sephardi Community, not the <i>haham</i>)<sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="United_States">United States</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chief_Rabbi&action=edit&section=76" title="Edit section: United States"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>A chief rabbinate never truly developed within the United States for a number of different reasons. While Jews first settled in the United States in 1654 in <a href="/wiki/New_York_City" title="New York City">New York City</a>, rabbis did not appear in the United States until the mid-nineteenth century. This lack of rabbis, coupled with the lack of official colonial or state recognition of a particular sect of Judaism as official effectively led to a form of <a href="/wiki/Congregationalist_polity" class="mw-redirect" title="Congregationalist polity">congregationalism</a> amongst American Jews. This did not stop others from trying to create a unified American Judaism, and in fact, some chief rabbis developed in some American cities despite lacking universal recognition amongst the Jewish communities within the cities (for examples see below). However, <a href="/wiki/Jonathan_Sarna" title="Jonathan Sarna">Jonathan Sarna</a> argues that those two precedents, as well as the desire of many Jewish immigrants to the US to break from an <a href="/wiki/Orthodox_Judaism" title="Orthodox Judaism">Orthodox</a> past, effectively prevented any effective Chief Rabbi in America.<sup id="cite_ref-42" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Eliezer_Silver" title="Eliezer Silver">Eliezer Silver</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Uruguay">Uruguay</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chief_Rabbi&action=edit&section=77" title="Edit section: Uruguay"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Jaime Spector (1931–1937)</li> <li>Aaron Milevsky (1937–1943)</li> <li>Aaron Laschover (1943–1967)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nechemia_Berman" title="Nechemia Berman">Nechemia Berman</a> (1970–1993)</li> <li>Eliahu Birenbaum (1994–1999)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yosef_Bitt%C3%B3n" title="Yosef Bittón">Yosef Bittón</a> (1999–2002)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mordejai_Maarabi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mordejai Maarabi (page does not exist)">Mordejai Maarabi</a> (2002–2009)</li> <li>Shai Froindlich (2009–2010)</li> <li>Isaac Fadda (2011–2012)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ben-Tzion_Spitz" title="Ben-Tzion Spitz">Ben-Tzion Spitz</a> (2013–2016)</li> <li>Max Yojanan Godet (2017–present)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Uzbekistan">Uzbekistan</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chief_Rabbi&action=edit&section=78" title="Edit section: Uzbekistan"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Baruch_Abramchayev&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Baruch Abramchayev (page does not exist)">Baruch Abramchayev</a><sup id="cite_ref-43" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Venezuela">Venezuela</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chief_Rabbi&action=edit&section=79" title="Edit section: Venezuela"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Sephardi_4">Sephardi</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chief_Rabbi&action=edit&section=80" title="Edit section: Sephardi"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Isaac_Cohen_(Venezuela)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Isaac Cohen (Venezuela) (page does not exist)">Isaac Cohen</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Ashkenazi_4">Ashkenazi</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chief_Rabbi&action=edit&section=81" title="Edit section: Ashkenazi"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pynchas_Brener" title="Pynchas Brener">Pynchas Brener</a> (1967–)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="By_city">By city</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chief_Rabbi&action=edit&section=82" title="Edit section: By city"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Alexandria,_Egypt"><span id="Alexandria.2C_Egypt"></span>Alexandria, Egypt</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chief_Rabbi&action=edit&section=83" title="Edit section: Alexandria, Egypt"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Raphael_Della_Pergola&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Raphael Della Pergola (page does not exist)">Raphael Della Pergola</a> (1910-1918)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Amsterdam,_Netherlands"><span id="Amsterdam.2C_Netherlands"></span>Amsterdam, Netherlands</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chief_Rabbi&action=edit&section=84" title="Edit section: Amsterdam, Netherlands"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1216972533"><div> <table class="col-begin" role="presentation"> <tbody><tr> <td class="col-break col-break-2"> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Ashkenazi_5">Ashkenazi</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chief_Rabbi&action=edit&section=85" title="Edit section: Ashkenazi"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aryeh_Leib_ben_Saul" title="Aryeh Leib ben Saul">Aryeh Leib ben Saul</a><sup id="cite_ref-Bleich_44-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bleich-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> 1740–1755</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saul_Lowenstam" title="Saul Lowenstam">Saul Lowenstam</a><sup id="cite_ref-Bleich_44-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bleich-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=B.S._Berenstein&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="B.S. Berenstein (page does not exist)">B.S. Berenstein</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dr_Joseph_Hirsch_D%C3%BCnner&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dr Joseph Hirsch Dünner (page does not exist)">Dr Joseph Hirsch Dünner</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Abraham_S._Onderwijzer&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Abraham S. Onderwijzer (page does not exist)">Abraham S. Onderwijzer</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=L.H._Sarlouis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="L.H. Sarlouis (page does not exist)">L.H. Sarlouis</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Justus_Tal&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Justus Tal (page does not exist)">Justus Tal</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aron_Schuster&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Aron Schuster (page does not exist)">Aron Schuster</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meir_Just" title="Meir Just">Meir Just</a> 1970–1978</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aryeh_Ralbag&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Aryeh Ralbag (page does not exist)">Aryeh Ralbag</a> (2008–2016)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pinchas_Toledano" title="Pinchas Toledano">Pinchas Toledano</a> (2016–current)</li></ul> </td> <td class="col-break col-break-2"> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Sephardi_5">Sephardi</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chief_Rabbi&action=edit&section=86" title="Edit section: Sephardi"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Menasseh_Ben_Israel" title="Menasseh Ben Israel">Menasseh Ben Israel</a></li> <li><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Benjamin_Ricardo" class="extiw" title="nl:Benjamin Ricardo">Dr Benjamin Israel Ricardo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pinchas_Toledano" title="Pinchas Toledano">Dr Pinchas Toledano</a> (2012–present<sup class="plainlinks noexcerpt noprint asof-tag update" style="display:none;"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Chief_Rabbi&action=edit">[update]</a></sup>)<sup id="cite_ref-45" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <p>  </p> </td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Antwerp,_Belgium"><span id="Antwerp.2C_Belgium"></span>Antwerp, Belgium</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chief_Rabbi&action=edit&section=87" title="Edit section: Antwerp, Belgium"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chaim_Kreiswirth" title="Chaim Kreiswirth">Chaim Kreiswirth</a> (1953–2001)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Baltimore,_Maryland_–_United_States"><span id="Baltimore.2C_Maryland_.E2.80.93_United_States"></span>Baltimore, Maryland – United States</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chief_Rabbi&action=edit&section=88" title="Edit section: Baltimore, Maryland – United States"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Abraham N. Schwartz (d. 1937)</li> <li>Joseph H. Feldman (retired 1972, d. 1992)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Birobidzhan,_Russia"><span id="Birobidzhan.2C_Russia"></span>Birobidzhan, Russia</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chief_Rabbi&action=edit&section=89" title="Edit section: Birobidzhan, Russia"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mordechai_Scheiner" title="Mordechai Scheiner">Mordechai Scheiner</a> (2002–2020)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Efraim_Kolpak&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Efraim Kolpak (page does not exist)">Efraim Kolpak</a> (2020-present)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Brussels,_Belgium"><span id="Brussels.2C_Belgium"></span>Brussels, Belgium</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chief_Rabbi&action=edit&section=90" title="Edit section: Brussels, Belgium"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Albert_Guigui&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Albert Guigui (page does not exist)">Albert Guigui</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Albert_Guigui" class="extiw" title="nl:Albert Guigui">nl</a>]</span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Budapest,_Hungary"><span id="Budapest.2C_Hungary"></span>Budapest, Hungary</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chief_Rabbi&action=edit&section=91" title="Edit section: Budapest, Hungary"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Yonasan_Steif" title="Yonasan Steif">Yonasan Steif</a> (pre-World War II)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Caracas,_Venezuela"><span id="Caracas.2C_Venezuela"></span>Caracas, Venezuela</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chief_Rabbi&action=edit&section=92" title="Edit section: Caracas, Venezuela"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1216972533"><div> <table class="col-begin" role="presentation"> <tbody><tr> <td class="col-break col-break-2"> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Ashkenazi_6">Ashkenazi</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chief_Rabbi&action=edit&section=93" title="Edit section: Ashkenazi"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pynchas_Brener" title="Pynchas Brener">Pynchas Brener</a> (1967–present)</li></ul> </td> <td class="col-break col-break-2"> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Sephardi_6">Sephardi</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chief_Rabbi&action=edit&section=94" title="Edit section: Sephardi"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Isaac_Coh%C3%A9n&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Isaac Cohén (page does not exist)">Isaac Cohén</a> (–present<sup class="plainlinks noexcerpt noprint asof-tag update" style="display:none;"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Chief_Rabbi&action=edit">[update]</a></sup>)</li></ul> <p>  </p> </td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Chicago,_Illinois_–_United_States"><span id="Chicago.2C_Illinois_.E2.80.93_United_States"></span>Chicago, Illinois – United States</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chief_Rabbi&action=edit&section=95" title="Edit section: Chicago, Illinois – United States"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Yaakov_Dovid_Wilovsky" title="Yaakov Dovid Wilovsky">Yaakov Dovid Wilovsky</a> known as the <i>Ridbaz</i>, served as chief rabbi of the Russian-American congregations in the city 1903–1905.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Copenhagen,_Denmark"><span id="Copenhagen.2C_Denmark"></span>Copenhagen, Denmark</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chief_Rabbi&action=edit&section=96" title="Edit section: Copenhagen, Denmark"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/David_Simonsen" title="David Simonsen">David Simonsen</a> (1879–1891)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Elias_Kalischer&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Elias Kalischer (page does not exist)">Elias Kalischer</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hirsch_Goitein&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hirsch Goitein (page does not exist)">Hirsch Goitein</a> (–1903)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Max_Schornstein" class="mw-redirect" title="Max Schornstein">Max Schornstein</a> (19061910)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bent_Melchior" title="Bent Melchior">Bent Melchior</a> (1963–1970)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jacob_Garfinkel&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jacob Garfinkel (page does not exist)">Jacob Garfinkel</a> (1971–1973)<sup id="cite_ref-Paikin_17-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Paikin-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Frankfurt,_Germany"><span id="Frankfurt.2C_Germany"></span>Frankfurt, Germany</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chief_Rabbi&action=edit&section=97" title="Edit section: Frankfurt, Germany"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Menachem Halevi Klein|Menachem Klein</li> <li>Nathan HaKohen Adler</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Gateshead,_United_Kingdom"><span id="Gateshead.2C_United_Kingdom"></span>Gateshead, United Kingdom</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chief_Rabbi&action=edit&section=98" title="Edit section: Gateshead, United Kingdom"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Naftoli Shakovitzky</li> <li>Betzalel Rakow</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shraga_Feivel_Zimmerman" title="Shraga Feivel Zimmerman">Shraga Feivel Zimmerman</a> (2008–2020)<sup id="cite_ref-46" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-47" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="The_Hague,_Netherlands"><span id="The_Hague.2C_Netherlands"></span>The Hague, Netherlands</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chief_Rabbi&action=edit&section=99" title="Edit section: The Hague, Netherlands"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Saul Isaac Halevi (1748–1785)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tobias_Tal" title="Tobias Tal">Tobias Tal</a> (1895–1898)</li> <li>Dov Yehuda Schochet (1946–1952)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Haifa,_Israel"><span id="Haifa.2C_Israel"></span>Haifa, Israel</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chief_Rabbi&action=edit&section=100" title="Edit section: Haifa, Israel"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1216972533"><div> <table class="col-begin" role="presentation"> <tbody><tr> <td class="col-break col-break-2"> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Ashkenazi_7">Ashkenazi</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chief_Rabbi&action=edit&section=101" title="Edit section: Ashkenazi"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/She%27ar_Yashuv_Cohen" title="She'ar Yashuv Cohen">She'ar Yashuv Cohen</a> (1927–2016)</li></ul> </td> <td class="col-break col-break-2"> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Sephardi_7">Sephardi</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chief_Rabbi&action=edit&section=102" title="Edit section: Sephardi"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Eliyahu_Bakshi-Doron" title="Eliyahu Bakshi-Doron">Eliyahu Bakshi-Doron</a> (1993–2003)</li></ul> <p>  </p> </td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Hannover,_Germany"><span id="Hannover.2C_Germany"></span>Hannover, Germany</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chief_Rabbi&action=edit&section=103" title="Edit section: Hannover, Germany"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Samuel_Freund" title="Samuel Freund">Samuel Freund</a> (1924-1939)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chaim_Pinchas_Lubinsky" title="Chaim Pinchas Lubinsky">Chaim Pinchas Lubinsky</a> (1946-1949)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shlomo_Zev_Zweigenhaft" title="Shlomo Zev Zweigenhaft">Shlomo Zev Zweigenhaft</a> (1949-1952)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Hebron,_West_Bank"><span id="Hebron.2C_West_Bank"></span>Hebron, West Bank</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chief_Rabbi&action=edit&section=104" title="Edit section: Hebron, West Bank"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chaim_Hezekiah_Medini" title="Chaim Hezekiah Medini">Chaim Hezekiah Medini</a> (1891–1904)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dov_Lior" title="Dov Lior">Dov Lior</a> – present</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Helsinki,_Finland"><span id="Helsinki.2C_Finland"></span>Helsinki, Finland</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chief_Rabbi&action=edit&section=105" title="Edit section: Helsinki, Finland"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Naftali_Amsterdam" title="Naftali Amsterdam">Naftali Amsterdam</a> (1867–1875)</li> <li>Avrohom Schain (1876–1881)</li> <li>Abraham Werner-Homa (1881–1891)</li> <li>Shmuel Noson Bukantz (1892–1924)</li> <li>Scholem Triestman (1928–1929)<sup id="cite_ref-MuirTuori_18-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-MuirTuori-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Hoboken,_New_Jersey_–_United_States"><span id="Hoboken.2C_New_Jersey_.E2.80.93_United_States"></span>Hoboken, New Jersey – United States</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chief_Rabbi&action=edit&section=106" title="Edit section: Hoboken, New Jersey – United States"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chaim_Hirschensohn" title="Chaim Hirschensohn">Chaim Hirschensohn</a> (1904–1935). His post included <a href="/wiki/Hoboken,_New_Jersey" title="Hoboken, New Jersey">Hoboken</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jersey_City" class="mw-redirect" title="Jersey City">Jersey City</a>, <a href="/wiki/Union_Hill,_Hudson_County,_New_Jersey" class="mw-redirect" title="Union Hill, Hudson County, New Jersey">Union Hill</a> and the Environs.<sup id="cite_ref-48" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Jerusalem">Jerusalem</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chief_Rabbi&action=edit&section=107" title="Edit section: Jerusalem"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1216972533"><div> <table class="col-begin" role="presentation"> <tbody><tr> <td class="col-break col-break-2"> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Sephardi_8">Sephardi</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chief_Rabbi&action=edit&section=108" title="Edit section: Sephardi"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Levi_Ibn_Habib" class="mw-redirect" title="Levi Ibn Habib">Levi Ibn Habib</a></li> <li>David Ibn Abi Zimra</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moses_Galante_(the_Elder)" class="mw-redirect" title="Moses Galante (the Elder)">Moshe Galante I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Haim_Vital" class="mw-redirect" title="Haim Vital">Haim Vital</a></li> <li>Betzalel Ashkenasi</li> <li>Gedalia Cordovero</li> <li>Isaac Gaon</li> <li>Israel Benjamin</li> <li>Yaacov Tzemah</li> <li>Shemuel Garmison</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moshe_Galante_II" class="mw-redirect" title="Moshe Galante II">Moshe Galante II</a> (1665–1689)</li> <li>Moshe Ibn Habib (1689–1696)</li> <li>Moshe Hayun</li> <li>Abraham ben David Yitzchaki (1715–1722)</li> <li>Binyamin Maali</li> <li>Elazar ben Yaacob Nahum (1730–1748)</li> <li>Nissim Mizrahi (1748–1754)</li> <li>Israel Yaacob Algazy (1754–1756)</li> <li>Raphael Samuel Meyuchas (1756–1791)</li> <li>Haim Raphael Abraham ben Asher (1771–1772)</li> <li>Yom Tov Algazy (1772–1802)</li> <li>Moshe Yosef Mordechai Meyuchas (1802–1805)</li> <li>Yaacob Moshe Ayash al-Maghrebi (1806–1817)</li> <li>Jacob Coral (1817–1819)</li> <li>Raphael Yosef Hazzan (1819–1822)</li> <li>Yom Tov Danon (1822–1824)</li> <li>Salomon Moshe Suzin (1824–1836)</li> <li>Yonah Moshe Navon (1836–1841)</li> <li>Yehudah Raphael Navon (1841–1842)</li> <li>Haim Abraham Gagin (1842–1848)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Isaac_Kovo" class="mw-redirect" title="Isaac Kovo">Isaac Kovo</a> (1848–1854)</li> <li>Haim Nissim Abulafia (1854–1861)</li> <li>Haim David Hazan (1861–1869)</li> <li>Abraham Ashkenasi (1869–1880)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raphael_Meir_Panigel" title="Raphael Meir Panigel">Raphael Meir Panigel</a> (1880–1892)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jacob_Saul_Elyashar" class="mw-redirect" title="Jacob Saul Elyashar">Yaacob Shaul Elyashar</a> (1893–1906)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jacob_Meir" class="mw-redirect" title="Jacob Meir">Yaacob Meir</a> (1906)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elijah_Moses_Panigel" class="mw-redirect" title="Elijah Moses Panigel">Eliyah Moshe Panigel</a> (1907–1909)</li> <li>Nahman Batito (1909–1911)</li> <li>Moshe Franco (1911–1915)</li> <li>Haim Moshe Elyashar (1914–1915)</li> <li>Nissim Yehudah Danon (1915–1921)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jacob_Meir" class="mw-redirect" title="Jacob Meir">Yaacob Meir</a> (1921–1939)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chalom_Messas" class="mw-redirect" title="Chalom Messas">Chalom Messas</a> (1978–2003)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shlomo_Amar" title="Shlomo Amar">Shlomo Amar</a> (2014–present<sup class="plainlinks noexcerpt noprint asof-tag update" style="display:none;"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Chief_Rabbi&action=edit">[update]</a></sup>)</li></ul> </td> <td class="col-break col-break-2"> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Ashkenazi_8">Ashkenazi</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chief_Rabbi&action=edit&section=109" title="Edit section: Ashkenazi"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Meir_Auerbach" title="Meir Auerbach">Meir Auerbach</a> (?–1878)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shmuel_Salant" title="Shmuel Salant">Shmuel Salant</a> (1878–1909)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chaim_Berlin" title="Chaim Berlin">Chaim Berlin</a> (1909–1912?)<sup id="cite_ref-49" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abraham_Isaac_Kook" title="Abraham Isaac Kook">Abraham Isaac Kook</a> (1919–1935)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tzvi_Pesach_Frank" title="Tzvi Pesach Frank">Tzvi Pesach Frank</a> (1936–?)</li> <li>Betzalel Zolty (1977–?)</li> <li>Yitzhak Kolitz (1983–2002)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aryeh_Stern" title="Aryeh Stern">Aryeh Stern</a> (2014–present<sup class="plainlinks noexcerpt noprint asof-tag update" style="display:none;"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Chief_Rabbi&action=edit">[update]</a></sup>)</li></ul> <p>  </p> </td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Edah_HaChareidis">Edah HaChareidis</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chief_Rabbi&action=edit&section=110" title="Edit section: Edah HaChareidis"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <dl><dd><i>Note: The <a href="/wiki/Edah_HaChareidis" title="Edah HaChareidis">Edah HaChareidis</a> is unaffiliated with the State of Israel. It is a separate, independent religious community with its own Chief Rabbis, who are viewed, in the <a href="/wiki/Haredi" class="mw-redirect" title="Haredi">Haredi</a> world, as being the Chief Rabbis of Jerusalem.</i></dd></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Yosef_Chaim_Sonnenfeld" title="Yosef Chaim Sonnenfeld">Yosef Chaim Sonnenfeld</a> (1919–1932)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yosef_Tzvi_Dushinsky_(first_Dushinsky_rebbe)" title="Yosef Tzvi Dushinsky (first Dushinsky rebbe)">Yosef Tzvi Dushinsky</a> (1932–1948)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zelig_Reuven_Bengis" title="Zelig Reuven Bengis">Zelig Reuven Bengis</a> (1948–1953)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joel_Teitelbaum" title="Joel Teitelbaum">Joel Teitelbaum</a> of <a href="/wiki/Satmar" title="Satmar">Satmar</a> (1953–1979)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yitzchok_Yaakov_Weiss" title="Yitzchok Yaakov Weiss">Yitzchok Yaakov Weiss</a> (1979–1989)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moshe_Aryeh_Freund" title="Moshe Aryeh Freund">Moshe Aryeh Freund</a> (1989–1996)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yisrael_Moshe_Dushinsky&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Yisrael Moshe Dushinsky (page does not exist)">Yisrael Moshe Dushinsky</a> (1996–2002)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yitzchok_Tuvia_Weiss" title="Yitzchok Tuvia Weiss">Yitzchok Tuvia Weiss</a> (2002–2022)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Kyiv,_Ukraine"><span id="Kyiv.2C_Ukraine"></span>Kyiv, Ukraine</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chief_Rabbi&action=edit&section=111" title="Edit section: Kyiv, Ukraine"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jonathan_Markovitch" title="Jonathan Markovitch">Jonathan Markovitch</a> (2000 – present)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Krakow,_Poland"><span id="Krakow.2C_Poland"></span>Krakow, Poland</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chief_Rabbi&action=edit&section=112" title="Edit section: Krakow, Poland"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Boaz_Pash&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Boaz Pash (page does not exist)">Boaz Pash</a> (2006–2012)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eliezer_Gurary&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Eliezer Gurary (page does not exist)">Eliezer Gurary</a> (2014–present)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Leiden,_Netherlands"><span id="Leiden.2C_Netherlands"></span>Leiden, Netherlands</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chief_Rabbi&action=edit&section=113" title="Edit section: Leiden, Netherlands"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Simon_de_Vries_(rabbi)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Simon de Vries (rabbi) (page does not exist)">Simon de Vries</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Leeuwarden,_Friesland,_Netherlands"><span id="Leeuwarden.2C_Friesland.2C_Netherlands"></span>Leeuwarden, Friesland, Netherlands</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chief_Rabbi&action=edit&section=114" title="Edit section: Leeuwarden, Friesland, Netherlands"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Joachim_Loewenstam&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Joachim Loewenstam (page does not exist)">Joachim Loewenstam</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joachim_Loewenstam" class="extiw" title="fy:Joachim Loewenstam">fy</a>]</span> (1821–1836)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Baruch_Bendit_Dusnus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Baruch Bendit Dusnus (page does not exist)">Baruch Bendit Dusnus</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baruch_Bendit_Dusnus" class="extiw" title="nl:Baruch Bendit Dusnus">nl</a>]</span> (1840–1886)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lion_Wagenaar&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lion Wagenaar (page does not exist)">Lion Wagenaar</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lion_Wagenaar" class="extiw" title="nl:Lion Wagenaar">nl</a>]</span> (1886–1895)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tobias_Lewenstein" title="Tobias Lewenstein">Tobias Lewenstein</a> (1895–1899)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Samuel_Rudelsheim&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Samuel Rudelsheim (page does not exist)">Samuel Rudelsheim</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Samuel_Rudelsheim" class="extiw" title="fy:Samuel Rudelsheim">fy</a>]</span> (1900–1918)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bernard_Davids&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bernard Davids (page does not exist)">Bernard Davids</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bernard_Davids" class="extiw" title="nl:Bernard Davids">nl</a>]</span> (1924–1927)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Simong_Dasberg&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Simong Dasberg (page does not exist)">Simong Dasberg</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Simong_Dasberg" class="extiw" title="nl:Simong Dasberg">nl</a>]</span> (1929–1932)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Abraham_Salomon_Levisson&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Abraham Salomon Levisson (page does not exist)">Abraham Salomon Levisson</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abraham_Salomon_Levisson" class="extiw" title="nl:Abraham Salomon Levisson">nl</a>]</span> (1935–1945)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Milan,_Italy"><span id="Milan.2C_Italy"></span>Milan, Italy</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chief_Rabbi&action=edit&section=115" title="Edit section: Milan, Italy"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Avraham_David_Shaumann&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Avraham David Shaumann (page does not exist)">Avraham David Shaumann</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Elia_Kopciovsky&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Elia Kopciovsky (page does not exist)">Elia Kopciovsky</a> (195?–1980)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Giuseppe_Laras&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Giuseppe Laras (page does not exist)">Giuseppe Laras</a> (1980–2005)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alfonso_Arbib&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Alfonso Arbib (page does not exist)">Alfonso Arbib</a> (2005–present<sup class="plainlinks noexcerpt noprint asof-tag update" style="display:none;"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Chief_Rabbi&action=edit">[update]</a></sup>)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Modi'in_Illit,_Israel"><span id="Modi.27in_Illit.2C_Israel"></span><a href="/wiki/Modi%27in_Illit" title="Modi'in Illit">Modi'in Illit</a>, <a href="/wiki/Israel" title="Israel">Israel</a></h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chief_Rabbi&action=edit&section=116" title="Edit section: Modi'in Illit, Israel"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Meir_Kessler" title="Meir Kessler">Meir Kessler</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Montreal,_Quebec,_Canada"><span id="Montreal.2C_Quebec.2C_Canada"></span>Montreal, Quebec, Canada</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chief_Rabbi&action=edit&section=117" title="Edit section: Montreal, Quebec, Canada"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1216972533"><div> <table class="col-begin" role="presentation"> <tbody><tr> <td class="col-break col-break-2"> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Ashkenazi_9">Ashkenazi</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chief_Rabbi&action=edit&section=118" title="Edit section: Ashkenazi"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Zvi_Hirsch_Cohen&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Zvi Hirsch Cohen (page does not exist)">Zvi Hirsch Cohen</a> (1922–1950)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sheea_Herschorn" title="Sheea Herschorn">Sheea Herschorn</a> (1951–1961)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pinchas_Hirschprung" title="Pinchas Hirschprung">Pinchas Hirschprung</a> (1969–1998)<sup id="cite_ref-cjnews2006_50-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-cjnews2006-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Avraham_David_Niznik" class="mw-redirect" title="Avraham David Niznik">Avraham David Niznik</a> (1998–2006)<sup id="cite_ref-cjnews2006_50-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-cjnews2006-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-51" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Binyomin_Weiss" title="Binyomin Weiss">Binyomin Weiss</a> (2007–Present)<sup id="cite_ref-52" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> </td> <td class="col-break col-break-2"> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Sephardi_9">Sephardi</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chief_Rabbi&action=edit&section=119" title="Edit section: Sephardi"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=David_Sabbah&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="David Sabbah (page does not exist)">David Sabbah</a><sup id="cite_ref-53" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <p>  </p> </td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Moscow,_Russia"><span id="Moscow.2C_Russia"></span>Moscow, Russia</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chief_Rabbi&action=edit&section=120" title="Edit section: Moscow, Russia"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yakov_Maze&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Yakov Maze (page does not exist)">Yakov Maze</a> (prior to 1924–1933)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shmarya_Yehuda_Leib_Medalia" title="Shmarya Yehuda Leib Medalia">Shmarya Yehuda Leib Medalia</a> (1933–1938)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shmuel_Leib_Medalia" title="Shmuel Leib Medalia">Shmuel Leib Medalia</a> (1943)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Shmuel_Leib_Levin&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Shmuel Leib Levin (page does not exist)">Shmuel Leib Levin</a> (1943–1944)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shlomo_Shleifer" title="Shlomo Shleifer">Shlomo Shleifer</a> (1944–1957)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yehuda_Leib_Levin" class="mw-redirect" title="Yehuda Leib Levin">Yehuda Leib Levin</a> (1957–1971)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adolf_Shayevich" title="Adolf Shayevich">Adolf Shayevich</a> (1983, officially since 1993–present<sup class="plainlinks noexcerpt noprint asof-tag update" style="display:none;"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Chief_Rabbi&action=edit">[update]</a></sup>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pinchas_Goldschmidt" title="Pinchas Goldschmidt">Pinchas Goldschmidt</a> (1987–2022)<sup id="cite_ref-54" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Munich,_Germany"><span id="Munich.2C_Germany"></span>Munich, Germany</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chief_Rabbi&action=edit&section=121" title="Edit section: Munich, Germany"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Yitshak Ehrenberg (1989–1997)<sup id="cite_ref-jg-berlin1_55-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-jg-berlin1-55"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pinchas_Biberfeld" title="Pinchas Biberfeld">Pinchos Biberfeld</a>, moved back to Germany from where he had emigrated to Israel over 50 years earlier. (1980–1999)</li> <li>Steven Langnas, first German (descendance) Chief Rabbi and Av Beth Din of Munich (1999–2011)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Netherlands_–_Inter-Provincial_Chief_rabbinate"><span id="Netherlands_.E2.80.93_Inter-Provincial_Chief_rabbinate"></span>Netherlands – Inter-Provincial Chief rabbinate</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chief_Rabbi&action=edit&section=122" title="Edit section: Netherlands – Inter-Provincial Chief rabbinate"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dov_Yehuda_Schochet&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dov Yehuda Schochet (page does not exist)">Dov Yehuda Schochet</a> (1946–1952) [Chief Rabbi of The Hague]</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Elieser_Berlinger&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Elieser Berlinger (page does not exist)">Elieser Berlinger</a> (1960–1985)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Binyomin_Jacobs" title="Binyomin Jacobs">Binyomin Jacobs</a> (2008–recent)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="New_York,_New_York_–_United_States"><span id="New_York.2C_New_York_.E2.80.93_United_States"></span>New York, New York – United States</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chief_Rabbi&action=edit&section=123" title="Edit section: New York, New York – United States"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jacob_Joseph" title="Jacob Joseph">Jacob Joseph</a> (1840–1902) was the only true Ashkenazi chief rabbi of New York City; there was never a Sephardi chief rabbi, although Dr. David DeSola Pool acted as a leader among the Sepharadim and was also respected as such. Others it has been said claimed the title of Chief Rabbi; eventually, the title became worthless through dilution.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (September 2021)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup></li> <li>Chaim Jacob Wiedrewitz was the Chassidic chief rabbi of New York and Pennsylvania;<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (September 2021)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> he was previously the Chassidic Rav of Moscow and was officially called as "The Moskover Rav", immigrated in 1893 and died in 1911, he's buried in the Chabad society of the Bayside Cemetery in Ozone Park NY.</li> <li>Jacob S. Kassin was the Chief Rabbi of the Syrian Jewish community of New York 1930–1995.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (September 2021)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup></li> <li>Leibish Wolowsky was the chief rabbi of the Galician community of NYC 1888–1913, he was previously the rabbi of Sambor, Austria and immigrated to the US in 1888. He died in 1913 and is buried in the Achum Ahuvim of Reizow at the Mount Zion Cemetery in Maspeth NY.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (September 2021)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup></li> <li>Avrohom Aharon Yudelevitz who was previously the rav of Manchester, England was accepted in 1919 as the chief rabbi of the Jewish Arbitration Court of NYC. He authored many books on Jewish law and <a href="/wiki/Responsa" title="Responsa">responsa</a>. He died in 1930 and is buried in family plot at the Bayside cemetery in Ozone Park NY.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (September 2021)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Nové_Zámky,_Slovakia"><span id="Nov.C3.A9_Z.C3.A1mky.2C_Slovakia"></span>Nové Zámky, Slovakia</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chief_Rabbi&action=edit&section=124" title="Edit section: Nové Zámky, Slovakia"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ernest_Klein" title="Ernest Klein">Ernest Klein</a> (1931–1944)<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (September 2021)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Paris,_France"><span id="Paris.2C_France"></span>Paris, France</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chief_Rabbi&action=edit&section=125" title="Edit section: Paris, France"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Michel Seligmann (1809–1829)<sup id="cite_ref-56" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-56"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>56<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marchand_Ennery" title="Marchand Ennery">Marchand Ennery</a> (1829–1845)</li> <li>Lazard Isidor (1847–1865)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zadoc_Kahn" title="Zadoc Kahn">Zadoc Kahn</a> (1866–1889)</li> <li>Jacques-Henri Dreyfuss (1891–1933)</li> <li><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Julien_Weill" class="extiw" title="fr:Julien Weill">Julien Weill</a> (1933–1950)</li> <li><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jacob_Kaplan" class="extiw" title="fr:Jacob Kaplan">Jacob Kaplan</a> (1950–1955)</li> <li>Meïr Jaïs (1956–1980)</li> <li>Alain Goldmann (1980–1994)</li> <li><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/David_Messas" class="extiw" title="fr:David Messas">David Messas</a> (1994–2011)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michel_Gugenheim" title="Michel Gugenheim">Michel Gugenheim</a> (2012– )</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Rome,_Italy"><span id="Rome.2C_Italy"></span>Rome, Italy</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chief_Rabbi&action=edit&section=126" title="Edit section: Rome, Italy"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Israel_Zolli" title="Israel Zolli">Israel Zolli</a> (1940–1945)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elio_Toaff" title="Elio Toaff">Elio Toaff</a> (1951–2002)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Riccardo_Di_Segni" title="Riccardo Di Segni">Riccardo Di Segni</a> (2002–present<sup class="plainlinks noexcerpt noprint asof-tag update" style="display:none;"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Chief_Rabbi&action=edit">[update]</a></sup>)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Rotterdam,_Netherlands"><span id="Rotterdam.2C_Netherlands"></span>Rotterdam, Netherlands</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chief_Rabbi&action=edit&section=127" title="Edit section: Rotterdam, Netherlands"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Josiah_Pardo" title="Josiah Pardo">Josiah Pardo</a> (1648–1669)<sup id="cite_ref-archieven_57-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-archieven-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> See his Haskama – Approbation to Sefer Nachalat Shiva, edition Amsterdam 1667, where he is mentioned as Chief Rabbi of both the Sephardi and Ashkenazi congregations in Rotterdam</li> <li>Yosia Pardo (1648–1669). Left in 1669 to Amsterdam.<sup id="cite_ref-archieven_57-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-archieven-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Yuda Loeb ben Rabbi Shlomo (1674-abt. 1700). Born in Wilna.<sup id="cite_ref-archieven_57-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-archieven-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Judah_Salomon&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Judah Salomon (page does not exist)">Judah Salomon</a> (1682)<sup id="cite_ref-Neth_58-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Neth-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Judah_Loeb_ben_Abraham_Ephraim_Asher_Anshel&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Judah Loeb ben Abraham Ephraim Asher Anshel (page does not exist)">Judah Loeb ben Abraham Ephraim Asher Anshel</a> (1700–1708)<sup id="cite_ref-59" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Born in <a href="/wiki/Hamburg" title="Hamburg">Hamburg</a>, left for <a href="/wiki/Amsterdam" title="Amsterdam">Amsterdam</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-archieven_57-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-archieven-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Solomon Ezekiel (1725–1735)<sup id="cite_ref-Neth_58-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Neth-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Judah_Ezekiel&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Judah Ezekiel (page does not exist)">Judah Ezekiel</a> (1738–1755)<sup id="cite_ref-Neth_58-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Neth-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abraham_Ezekiel" class="mw-redirect" title="Abraham Ezekiel">Abraham Ezekiel</a> (1755–79)<sup id="cite_ref-Neth_58-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Neth-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aryeh_Leib_Breslau&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Aryeh Leib Breslau (page does not exist)">Aryeh Leib Breslau</a> (1741–1809)<sup id="cite_ref-60" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-60"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Judah_Akiba_Eger&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Judah Akiba Eger (page does not exist)">Judah Akiba Eger</a> son of Akiba Eger I (invited but refused position)<sup id="cite_ref-Neth_58-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Neth-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Elijah_Casriel&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Elijah Casriel (page does not exist)">Elijah Casriel</a> (1815–1833)<sup id="cite_ref-Neth_58-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Neth-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=E.J._L%C3%B6wenstamm&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="E.J. Löwenstamm (page does not exist)">E.J. Löwenstamm</a> (1834–1845)<sup id="cite_ref-Neth_58-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Neth-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Joseph_Isaacsohn&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Joseph Isaacsohn (page does not exist)">Joseph Isaacsohn</a> (1850–1871; one of three sons-in-law of <a href="/wiki/Jacob_Ettlinger" title="Jacob Ettlinger">Jacob Ettlinger</a> who were Chief Rabbis in the Netherlands)<sup id="cite_ref-Neth_58-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Neth-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bernhard_L%C3%B6bel_Ritter&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bernhard Löbel Ritter (page does not exist)">Bernhard Löbel Ritter</a> (1885–1928)<sup id="cite_ref-gesch522_61-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-gesch522-61"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>61<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-gesch526_62-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-gesch526-62"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>62<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Simon_Hirsch" title="Simon Hirsch">Simon Hirsch</a> (1928–1930)<sup id="cite_ref-gesch526_62-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-gesch526-62"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>62<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aaron_Davids&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Aaron Davids (page does not exist)">Aaron Davids</a> (1930–1944)<sup id="cite_ref-gesch526_62-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-gesch526-62"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>62<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Justus_Tal&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Justus Tal (page does not exist)">Justus Tal</a> (1945–1954)<sup id="cite_ref-gesch531_63-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-gesch531-63"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>63<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Salomon_Rodrigues_Pereira&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Salomon Rodrigues Pereira (page does not exist)">Salomon Rodrigues Pereira</a> (1954–1959)<sup id="cite_ref-gesch531_63-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-gesch531-63"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>63<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Levie_Vorst" title="Levie Vorst">Levie Vorst</a> (1959–1971)<sup id="cite_ref-gesch531_63-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-gesch531-63"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>63<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Daniel_Kahn_(rabbi)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Daniel Kahn (rabbi) (page does not exist)">Daniel Kahn</a> (1972–1975)<sup id="cite_ref-gesch531_63-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-gesch531-63"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>63<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Albert_Hutterer&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Albert Hutterer (page does not exist)">Albert Hutterer</a> (1975–1977)<sup id="cite_ref-gesch531_63-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-gesch531-63"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>63<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dov_Salzmann&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dov Salzmann (page does not exist)">Dov Salzmann</a> (1986–1988)<sup id="cite_ref-gesch531_63-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-gesch531-63"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>63<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lody_van_de_Kamp&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lody van de Kamp (page does not exist)">Lody van de Kamp</a><sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (October 2010)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raphael_Evers" title="Raphael Evers">Raphael Evers</a><sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (October 2010)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Shanghai,_China"><span id="Shanghai.2C_China"></span>Shanghai, China</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chief_Rabbi&action=edit&section=128" title="Edit section: Shanghai, China"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Meir_Ashkenazi_(rabbi)" title="Meir Ashkenazi (rabbi)">Meir Ashkenazi</a> (1926–1949)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Sofia,_Bulgaria"><span id="Sofia.2C_Bulgaria"></span>Sofia, Bulgaria</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chief_Rabbi&action=edit&section=129" title="Edit section: Sofia, Bulgaria"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Daniel_Zion" title="Daniel Zion">Daniel Zion</a> (in World War II)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Asher_Hannanel&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Asher Hannanel (page does not exist)">Asher Hannanel</a> (in World War II)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="St._Louis,_Missouri_–_United_States"><span id="St._Louis.2C_Missouri_.E2.80.93_United_States"></span>St. Louis, Missouri – United States</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chief_Rabbi&action=edit&section=130" title="Edit section: St. Louis, Missouri – United States"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Chaim Fischel Epstein</li> <li>Menachem Zvi Eichenstein (1943–1982)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sholom_Rivkin" title="Sholom Rivkin">Sholom Rivkin</a> (1983–2011)<sup id="cite_ref-64" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-64"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>64<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Tel_Aviv-Yafo,_Israel"><span id="Tel_Aviv-Yafo.2C_Israel"></span>Tel Aviv-Yafo, Israel</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chief_Rabbi&action=edit&section=131" title="Edit section: Tel Aviv-Yafo, Israel"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Sephardi_10">Sephardi</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chief_Rabbi&action=edit&section=132" title="Edit section: Sephardi"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ben-Zion_Meir_Hai_Uziel" title="Ben-Zion Meir Hai Uziel">Ben-Zion Meir Hai Uziel</a> (1911–1939)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ya%27akov_Moshe_Toledano" title="Ya'akov Moshe Toledano">Ya'akov Moshe Toledano</a> (1942–1960)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ovadia_Yosef" title="Ovadia Yosef">Ovadia Yosef</a> (1968–1973)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hayim_David_HaLevi" title="Hayim David HaLevi">Hayim David HaLevi</a> (1973–1998?)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Toronto,_Ontario,_Canada"><span id="Toronto.2C_Ontario.2C_Canada"></span>Toronto, Ontario, Canada</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chief_Rabbi&action=edit&section=133" title="Edit section: Toronto, Ontario, Canada"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Weinreb" title="Joseph Weinreb">Joseph Weinreb</a> 1900–1942</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Avraham_Aharon_Price" title="Avraham Aharon Price">Avraham Aharon Price</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gedaliah_Felder&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gedaliah Felder (page does not exist)">Gedaliah Felder</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Vienna,_Austria"><span id="Vienna.2C_Austria"></span>Vienna, Austria</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chief_Rabbi&action=edit&section=134" title="Edit section: Vienna, Austria"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Yitshak Ehrenberg (1983–1989)<sup id="cite_ref-jg-berlin1_55-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-jg-berlin1-55"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Akiva_Eisenberg" class="mw-redirect" title="Akiva Eisenberg">Akiva Eisenberg</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Paul_Chaim_Eisenberg&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Paul Chaim Eisenberg (page does not exist)">Paul Chaim Eisenberg</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Arie_Folger&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Arie Folger (page does not exist)">Arie Folger</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Warsaw,_Poland"><span id="Warsaw.2C_Poland"></span>Warsaw, Poland</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chief_Rabbi&action=edit&section=135" title="Edit section: Warsaw, Poland"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dow_Ber_Meisels" title="Dow Ber Meisels">Dow Ber Meisels</a> (1856-1870)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pinchas_Menachem_Joskowicz&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pinchas Menachem Joskowicz (page does not exist)">Pinchas Menachem Joskowicz</a> (1988–1999)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Baruch_Rabinowitz&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Baruch Rabinowitz (page does not exist)">Baruch Rabinowitz</a> (1999–2000)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Schudrich" title="Michael Schudrich">Michael Schudrich</a> (2000–present<sup class="plainlinks noexcerpt noprint asof-tag update" style="display:none;"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Chief_Rabbi&action=edit">[update]</a></sup>)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Würzburg,_Germany"><span id="W.C3.BCrzburg.2C_Germany"></span>Würzburg, Germany</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chief_Rabbi&action=edit&section=136" title="Edit section: Würzburg, Germany"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abraham_Bing" title="Abraham Bing">Abraham Bing</a> (1814–1839)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Zagreb,_Croatia"><span id="Zagreb.2C_Croatia"></span>Zagreb, Croatia</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chief_Rabbi&action=edit&section=137" title="Edit section: Zagreb, Croatia"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hosea_Jacobi" title="Hosea Jacobi">Hosea Jacobi</a> (1880–1925)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Miroslav_%C5%A0alom_Freiberger" title="Miroslav Šalom Freiberger">Miroslav Šalom Freiberger</a> (1941–1943)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id=""Grand_Rabbi""><span id=".22Grand_Rabbi.22"></span>"Grand Rabbi"</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chief_Rabbi&action=edit&section=138" title="Edit section: "Grand Rabbi""><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Occasionally, the term "Grand Rabbi" is used to note a <a href="/wiki/Hasidic" class="mw-redirect" title="Hasidic">Hasidic</a> <a href="/wiki/Rebbe" title="Rebbe">Rebbe</a>, particularly used on letterhead when the letterhead is in English.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (May 2018)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chief_Rabbi&action=edit&section=139" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Grand_Mufti" title="Grand Mufti">Grand Mufti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kohanim" class="mw-redirect" title="Kohanim">Kohanim</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rishamma" class="mw-redirect" title="Rishamma">Rishamma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samaritan_High_Priest" title="Samaritan High Priest">Samaritan High Priest</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chief_Rabbi&action=edit&section=140" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFCameron_Brown" class="citation web cs1">Cameron Brown. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20111029213241/http://meria.idc.ac.il/journal/2000/issue4/jv4n4a3.html">"Rabbi Ovadia Yosef And His Culture War in Israel"</a>. Meria.idc.ac.il. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://meria.idc.ac.il/journal/2000/issue4/jv4n4a3.html">the original</a> on 29 October 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">9 November</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Rabbi+Ovadia+Yosef+And+His+Culture+War+in+Israel&rft.pub=Meria.idc.ac.il&rft.au=Cameron+Brown&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fmeria.idc.ac.il%2Fjournal%2F2000%2Fissue4%2Fjv4n4a3.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChief+Rabbi" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/the-chief-rabbinate">"Judaism: The Chief Rabbinate"</a>. <i>The Jewish Virtual Library</i>. American-Israeli Cooperative Enterprise (AICE)<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">4 June</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Jewish+Virtual+Library&rft.atitle=Judaism%3A+The+Chief+Rabbinate&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jewishvirtuallibrary.org%2Fthe-chief-rabbinate&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChief+Rabbi" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Berlin-2011-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Berlin-2011_3-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHimelstein2011" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1">Himelstein, Shmuel (2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=hKAaJXvUaUoC&pg=PA195">"Chief Rabbinate"</a>. In <a href="/wiki/Adele_Berlin" title="Adele Berlin">Berlin, Adele</a> (ed.). <i>The Oxford Dictionary of the Jewish Religion</i> (2nd ed.). 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<i>El Tiempo</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=El+Tiempo&rft.atitle=Jud%C3%ADos+llegaron+para+quedarse+en+la+localidad+de+Chapinero&rft.date=2007-10-24&rft.aulast=Tiempo&rft.aufirst=Casa+Editorial+El&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.eltiempo.com%2Farchivo%2Fdocumento%2FCMS-3780474&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChief+Rabbi" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.mybnai.com/clergy">"Clergy – B'nai Sephardim Synagogue"</a>. <i>mybnai.com</i>.</cite><span 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New Haven: Yale University Press. p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/americanjudaismh00sarn/page/105">105</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-300-10976-8" title="Special:BookSources/0-300-10976-8"><bdi>0-300-10976-8</bdi></a>. <q>chief rabbi.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=American+Judaism%3A+A+History&rft.place=New+Haven&rft.pages=105&rft.pub=Yale+University+Press&rft.date=2004&rft.isbn=0-300-10976-8&rft.aulast=Sarna&rft.aufirst=Jonathan&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Famericanjudaismh00sarn&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChief+Rabbi" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-43"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-43">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2018/04/07/world/asia/uzbekistan-bukhara-jews.html">"In Bukhara, 10,000 Jewish Graves but Just 150 Jews"</a>. <i>The New York Times</i>. 7 April 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=In+Bukhara%2C+10%2C000+Jewish+Graves+but+Just+150+Jews&rft.date=2018-04-07&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2018%2F04%2F07%2Fworld%2Fasia%2Fuzbekistan-bukhara-jews.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChief+Rabbi" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Bleich-44"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Bleich_44-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Bleich_44-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBleich1989" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/J.D._Bleich" class="mw-redirect" title="J.D. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">9 August</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.thejc.com&rft.atitle=Federation+of+Synagogues+hires+Rabbi+Shraga+Feivel+Zimmerman%2C+current+head+rabbi+of+Gateshead%2C+as+new+Av+Beth+Din&rft.aulast=Sugarman&rft.aufirst=Daniel&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.thejc.com%2Fnews%2Ffederation-of-synagogues-hires-rabbi-shraga-feivel-zimmerman-current-head-rabbi-of-gateshead-as-new-av-beth-cl0ecenk&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChief+Rabbi" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-48"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-48">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Title page of Malki Ba-Kodesh, vol. 2; Hoboken, 1921</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-49"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-49">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220121211939/https://www.rabbimeirbaalhaneis.com/Rabbi%20Chaim%20Berlin.asp">"Biography of Rabbi Chaim Berlin (1832-1912)"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rabbimeirbaalhaneis.com/Rabbi%2520Chaim%2520Berlin.asp">the original</a> on 21 January 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">23 April</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Biography+of+Rabbi+Chaim+Berlin+%281832-1912%29&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.rabbimeirbaalhaneis.com%2FRabbi%252520Chaim%252520Berlin.asp&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChief+Rabbi" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-cjnews2006-50"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-cjnews2006_50-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-cjnews2006_50-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20060427030621/http://www.cjnews.com/viewarticle.asp?id=7872">"Bnei Brak rabbi named to new beit din post"</a>. 27 April 2006. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cjnews.com/viewarticle.asp?id=7872">the original</a> on 27 April 2006<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">9 November</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Bnei+Brak+rabbi+named+to+new+beit+din+post&rft.date=2006-04-27&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cjnews.com%2Fviewarticle.asp%3Fid%3D7872&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChief+Rabbi" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-51"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-51">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.theyeshivaworld.com/?p=3993#more-3993">"Frum Jewish News"</a>. The Yeshiva World. 30 November 2006<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">9 November</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Frum+Jewish+News&rft.pub=The+Yeshiva+World&rft.date=2006-11-30&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.theyeshivaworld.com%2F%3Fp%3D3993%23more-3993&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChief+Rabbi" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-52"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-52">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://jccmontreal.org/meet-our-rabbis/">"Jewish Community Council Montreal | Rabbi's| Our Rabbi's | Meet Our Rabbi's | JCC Montreal"</a>. 9 November 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Jewish+Community+Council+Montreal+%26%23124%3B+Rabbi%27s%26%23124%3B+Our+Rabbi%27s+%26%23124%3B+Meet+Our+Rabbi%27s+%26%23124%3B+JCC+Montreal&rft.date=2018-11-09&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fjccmontreal.org%2Fmeet-our-rabbis%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChief+Rabbi" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-53"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-53">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.rabbinat.qc.ca/">"Grand Rabbinat du Québec"</a>. Rabbinat.qc.ca<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">9 November</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Grand+Rabbinat+du+Qu%C3%A9bec&rft.pub=Rabbinat.qc.ca&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.rabbinat.qc.ca%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChief+Rabbi" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-54"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-54">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Liphshiz, Cnaan Exiled from Russia, Pinchas Goldschmidt is formally out as Moscow’s chief rabbi after 29 years Jewish Telegraphic Agency 6 July 2022 <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://www.jta.org/2022/07/06/global/exiled-from-russia-pinchas-goldschmidt-is-formally-out-as-moscows-chief-rabbi-after-29-years">https://www.jta.org/2022/07/06/global/exiled-from-russia-pinchas-goldschmidt-is-formally-out-as-moscows-chief-rabbi-after-29-years</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-jg-berlin1-55"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-jg-berlin1_55-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-jg-berlin1_55-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.jg-berlin.org/en/judaism/rabbis/rab-y-ehrenberg.html">"Rab. Y. Ehrenberg – Jewish Community of Berlin"</a>. Jg-berlin.org<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">18 October</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Rab.+Y.+Ehrenberg+%E2%80%93+Jewish+Community+of+Berlin&rft.pub=Jg-berlin.org&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.jg-berlin.org%2Fen%2Fjudaism%2Frabbis%2Frab-y-ehrenberg.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChief+Rabbi" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-56"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-56">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140502004203/http://www.consistoire.org/127.le-consistoire-de-paris?PHPSESSID=05ajt7nmqe14gd8atdsta6sse4">"Consistoire – Consistoire de paris"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.consistoire.org/127.le-consistoire-de-paris?PHPSESSID=05ajt7nmqe14gd8atdsta6sse4">the original</a> on 2 May 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">17 February</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Consistoire+%E2%80%93+Consistoire+de+paris&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.consistoire.org%2F127.le-consistoire-de-paris%3FPHPSESSID%3D05ajt7nmqe14gd8atdsta6sse4&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChief+Rabbi" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-archieven-57"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-archieven_57-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-archieven_57-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-archieven_57-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-archieven_57-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://www.archieven.nl/pls/m/zk2.inv?p_q=64729996">http://www.archieven.nl/pls/m/zk2.inv?p_q=64729996</a><sup class="noprint Inline-Template"><span style="white-space: nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot" title="Wikipedia:Link rot"><span title=" Dead link tagged September 2017">permanent dead link</span></a></i><span style="visibility:hidden; color:transparent; padding-left:2px">‍</span>]</span></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Neth-58"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Neth_58-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Neth_58-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Neth_58-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Neth_58-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Neth_58-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Neth_58-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Neth_58-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Neth_58-7"><sup><i><b>h</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJacobsSlijper" class="citation book cs1">Jacobs, Joseph; Slijper, E. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://jewishencyclopedia.com/view.jsp?artid=197&letter=N">"Netherlands"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Jewish_Encyclopedia" title="The Jewish Encyclopedia">The Jewish Encyclopedia</a></i>. <q>The names of the chief rabbis of Rotterdam are: Judah Salomon (1682); Solomon Ezekiel (1725–35; his salary was 305 gulden); Judah Ezekiel, son of the preceding (1738–55); Abraham Judah Ezekiel, son of the preceding (1755–79); Judah Akiba Eger (1779; left in 1781); Levie Hyman Breslau, author of "Pene Aryeh" (1781–1807); Elijah Casriel, from Leeuwarden (1815–33); E.J. Löwenstamm, grandson of L.H. Breslau (1834–45); Joseph Isaacson (1850–71; removed to Filehne as a result of dissensions in the community); B. Ritter (since 1884).</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Netherlands&rft.btitle=The+Jewish+Encyclopedia&rft.aulast=Jacobs&rft.aufirst=Joseph&rft.au=Slijper%2C+E.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fjewishencyclopedia.com%2Fview.jsp%3Fartid%3D197%26letter%3DN&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChief+Rabbi" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-59"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-59">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1"><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jizkor_Platenatlas&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jizkor Platenatlas (page does not exist)">Jizkor Platenatlas</a></i>. 1978. p. 37.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Jizkor+Platenatlas&rft.pages=37&rft.date=1978&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChief+Rabbi" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-60"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-60">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLandman1941" class="citation book cs1">Landman, Isaac (1941). <i>The Universal Jewish encyclopedia</i>. Vol. 5. <q>... and the chief rabbi of Rotterdam, Aryeh Leib Breslau (1781–1809)</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Universal+Jewish+encyclopedia&rft.date=1941&rft.aulast=Landman&rft.aufirst=Isaac&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChief+Rabbi" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-gesch522-61"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-gesch522_61-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMichmanBeemMichman1999" class="citation book cs1">Michman, Jozeph; Beem, Hartog; Michman, Dan (1999). <i>Geschiedenis van de joodse gemeenschap in Nederland</i> [<i>History of the Jewish Community in the Netherlands</i>]. p. 522. <q>In 1885 werd rabbijn dr Bernard Löbel Ritter tot rabbijn van Rotterdam benoemd.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Geschiedenis+van+de+joodse+gemeenschap+in+Nederland&rft.pages=522&rft.date=1999&rft.aulast=Michman&rft.aufirst=Jozeph&rft.au=Beem%2C+Hartog&rft.au=Michman%2C+Dan&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChief+Rabbi" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-gesch526-62"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-gesch526_62-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-gesch526_62-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-gesch526_62-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMichmanBeemMichman1999" class="citation book cs1">Michman, Jozeph; Beem, Hartog; Michman, Dan (1999). <i>Geschiedenis van de joodse gemeenschap in Nederland</i> [<i>History of the Jewish Community in the Netherlands</i>]. p. 526. <q>Na het ontslag van Ritter in 1928 werd het twee jaar lang waargenomen door de opperrabbijn van Zwolle, Simon JS Hirsch. In 1930 vond de joodse gemeente opperrabbijn Aaron Jissachar (ABN) Davids (1895–1944) van Friesland bereid naar Rotterdam te komen. Hij werd nog datzelfde jaar benoemd.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Geschiedenis+van+de+joodse+gemeenschap+in+Nederland&rft.pages=526&rft.date=1999&rft.aulast=Michman&rft.aufirst=Jozeph&rft.au=Beem%2C+Hartog&rft.au=Michman%2C+Dan&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChief+Rabbi" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-gesch531-63"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-gesch531_63-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-gesch531_63-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-gesch531_63-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-gesch531_63-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-gesch531_63-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-gesch531_63-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMichmanBeemMichman1999" class="citation book cs1">Michman, Jozeph; Beem, Hartog; Michman, Dan (1999). <i>Geschiedenis van de joodse gemeenschap in Nederland</i> [<i>History of the Jewish Community in the Netherlands</i>]. p. 531. <q>Het opperrabinaat werd in de naoorlogse periode waargenomen door de opperrabbijn van Amsterdam Justus Tal (van 1945 tot '54) en vervolgens door chacham SA Rodrigues Pereira (van 1954 tot '59). Vanaf 1946 had rabbijn Levie Vorst (1903–'87) de dagelijkse leiding van de gemeente. Direct na het afleggen van het hoogste rabbinale examen werd hij benoemd tot opperrabijn, hetgeen hij bleef aan tot zijn immigratie naar Israël in 1971. Hij werd opgevolgd door Daniël Kahn (van 1972 tot '75) en Albert Hutterer (van 1975 tot '77). Na diens vertrek heeft Rotterdam het een tijd zonder rabbijn gesteld. Van 1986 tot '88 was Dov Salzmann rabbijn.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Geschiedenis+van+de+joodse+gemeenschap+in+Nederland&rft.pages=531&rft.date=1999&rft.aulast=Michman&rft.aufirst=Jozeph&rft.au=Beem%2C+Hartog&rft.au=Michman%2C+Dan&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChief+Rabbi" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-64"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-64">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20111010055824/http://www.stljewishlight.com/news/local/article_b349dea8-1e62-11e0-bc81-001cc4c03286.html">"Rebbetzin Paula Rivkin remembered as 'woman of valor' – St. Louis Jewish Light: Local News – Rebbetzin Paula Rivkin remembered as 'woman of valor': Local News"</a>. Stljewishlight.com. 12 January 2011. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.stljewishlight.com/news/local/article_b349dea8-1e62-11e0-bc81-001cc4c03286.html">the original</a> on 10 October 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">9 November</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Rebbetzin+Paula+Rivkin+remembered+as+%27woman+of+valor%27+%E2%80%93+St.+Louis+Jewish+Light%3A+Local+News+%E2%80%93+Rebbetzin+Paula+Rivkin+remembered+as+%27woman+of+valor%27%3A+Local+News&rft.pub=Stljewishlight.com&rft.date=2011-01-12&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.stljewishlight.com%2Fnews%2Flocal%2Farticle_b349dea8-1e62-11e0-bc81-001cc4c03286.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChief+Rabbi" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chief_Rabbi&action=edit&section=141" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style 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