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vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Inhoud" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Wissel die inhoudsopgawe" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Wissel die inhoudsopgawe</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Michail Gorbatsjof</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Gaan na 'n artikel in 'n ander taal. Beskikbaar in 154 tale" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-154" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">154 tale</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ab mw-list-item"><a href="https://ab.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B1%D0%B0%D1%87%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%B2,_%D0%9C%D0%B8%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%B8%D0%BB_%D0%A1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B3%D0%B5%D0%B8-%D0%B8%D4%A5%D0%B0" title="Горбачиов, Михаил Сергеи-иԥа – Abkasies" lang="ab" hreflang="ab" data-title="Горбачиов, Михаил Сергеи-иԥа" data-language-autonym="Аԥсшәа" data-language-local-name="Abkasies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Аԥсшәа</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Michail_Gorbatschow" title="Michail Gorbatschow – Switserse Duits" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Michail Gorbatschow" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="Switserse Duits" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-am mw-list-item"><a href="https://am.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%88%9D%E1%8A%BB%E1%8B%AD%E1%88%8D_%E1%8C%8E%E1%88%AD%E1%89%A3%E1%89%BE%E1%89%AD" title="ምኻይል ጎርባቾቭ – Amharies" lang="am" hreflang="am" data-title="ምኻይል ጎርባቾቭ" data-language-autonym="አማርኛ" data-language-local-name="Amharies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>አማርኛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mikhail_Gorbachev" title="Mikhail Gorbachev – Aragonees" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Mikhail Gorbachev" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="Aragonees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D9%8A%D8%AE%D8%A7%D8%A6%D9%8A%D9%84_%D8%BA%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%AA%D8%B4%D9%88%D9%81" title="ميخائيل غورباتشوف – Arabies" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="ميخائيل غورباتشوف" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ary mw-list-item"><a href="https://ary.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D9%8A%D8%AE%D8%A7%D9%8A%D9%84_%DA%AD%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%AA%D8%B4%D9%88%DA%A4" title="ميخايل ڭورباتشوڤ – Moroccan Arabic" lang="ary" hreflang="ary" data-title="ميخايل ڭورباتشوڤ" data-language-autonym="الدارجة" data-language-local-name="Moroccan Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>الدارجة</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D9%8A%D8%AE%D8%A7%D8%A6%D9%8A%D9%84_%D8%AC%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%AA%D8%B4%D9%88%D9%81" title="ميخائيل جورباتشوف – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="ميخائيل جورباتشوف" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-as mw-list-item"><a href="https://as.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%96%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%87%E0%A6%B2_%E0%A6%97%E0%A7%B0%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%9A%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%AD" title="মিখাইল গৰ্বাচেভ – Assamees" lang="as" hreflang="as" data-title="মিখাইল গৰ্বাচেভ" data-language-autonym="অসমীয়া" data-language-local-name="Assamees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>অসমীয়া</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mikha%C3%ADl_Gorbachov" title="Mikhaíl Gorbachov – Asturies" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Mikhaíl Gorbachov" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ay mw-list-item"><a href="https://ay.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mikhail_Gorbachov" title="Mikhail Gorbachov – Aymara" lang="ay" hreflang="ay" data-title="Mikhail Gorbachov" data-language-autonym="Aymar aru" data-language-local-name="Aymara" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aymar aru</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mixail_Qorba%C3%A7ov" title="Mixail Qorbaçov – Azerbeidjans" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Mixail Qorbaçov" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbeidjans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%DB%8C%D8%AE%D8%A7%D8%A6%DB%8C%D9%84_%D9%82%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%A8%D8%A7%DA%86%D9%88%D9%81" title="میخائیل قورباچوف – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="میخائیل قورباچوف" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B1%D0%B0%D1%87%D1%91%D0%B2_%D0%9C%D0%B8%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%B8%D0%BB_%D0%A1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B3%D0%B5%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%87" title="Горбачёв Михаил Сергеевич – Baskir" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Горбачёв Михаил Сергеевич" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="Baskir" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ban mw-list-item"><a href="https://ban.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mikhail_Gorbachev" title="Mikhail Gorbachev – Balinees" lang="ban" hreflang="ban" data-title="Mikhail Gorbachev" data-language-autonym="Basa Bali" data-language-local-name="Balinees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Basa Bali</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bat-smg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bat-smg.wikipedia.org/wiki/M%C4%97chails_Guorba%C4%8Diovs" title="Mėchails Guorbačiovs – Samogitian" lang="sgs" hreflang="sgs" data-title="Mėchails Guorbačiovs" data-language-autonym="Žemaitėška" data-language-local-name="Samogitian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Žemaitėška</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bcl mw-list-item"><a href="https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mikhail_Gorbachev" title="Mikhail Gorbachev – Central Bikol" lang="bcl" hreflang="bcl" data-title="Mikhail Gorbachev" data-language-autonym="Bikol Central" data-language-local-name="Central Bikol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bikol Central</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D1%96%D1%85%D0%B0%D1%96%D0%BB_%D0%A1%D1%8F%D1%80%D0%B3%D0%B5%D0%B5%D0%B2%D1%96%D1%87_%D0%93%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B1%D0%B0%D1%87%D0%BE%D1%9E" title="Міхаіл Сяргеевіч Гарбачоў – Belarussies" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Міхаіл Сяргеевіч Гарбачоў" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarussies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D1%96%D1%85%D0%B0%D1%96%D0%BB_%D0%93%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B1%D0%B0%D1%87%D0%BE%D1%9E" title="Міхаіл Гарбачоў – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Міхаіл Гарбачоў" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B8%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%B8%D0%BB_%D0%93%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B1%D0%B0%D1%87%D0%BE%D0%B2" title="Михаил Горбачов – Bulgaars" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Михаил Горбачов" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgaars" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bh mw-list-item"><a href="https://bh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%96%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%87%E0%A4%B2_%E0%A4%97%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AC%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%9A%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%B5" title="मिखाइल गोर्बाचोव – Bhojpuri" lang="bh" hreflang="bh" data-title="मिखाइल गोर्बाचोव" data-language-autonym="भोजपुरी" data-language-local-name="Bhojpuri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>भोजपुरी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%96%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%87%E0%A6%B2_%E0%A6%97%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%9A%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%AD" title="মিখাইল গর্বাচেভ – Bengaals" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="মিখাইল গর্বাচেভ" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bengaals" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mikhail_Gorbatchev" title="Mikhail Gorbatchev – Bretons" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Mikhail Gorbatchev" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Bretons" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mihail_Gorba%C4%8Dov" title="Mihail Gorbačov – Bosnies" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Mihail Gorbačov" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mikha%C3%AFl_Gorbatxov" title="Mikhaïl Gorbatxov – Katalaans" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Mikhaïl Gorbatxov" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Katalaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cdo mw-list-item"><a href="https://cdo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mikhail_Gorbachev" title="Mikhail Gorbachev – Mindong" lang="cdo" hreflang="cdo" data-title="Mikhail Gorbachev" data-language-autonym="閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄" data-language-local-name="Mindong" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ce mw-list-item"><a href="https://ce.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B1%D0%B0%D1%87%D1%91%D0%B2,_%D0%9C%D0%B8%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%B8%D0%BB_%D0%A1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B3%D0%B5%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%87" title="Горбачёв, Михаил Сергеевич – Tsjetsjeens" lang="ce" hreflang="ce" data-title="Горбачёв, Михаил Сергеевич" data-language-autonym="Нохчийн" data-language-local-name="Tsjetsjeens" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Нохчийн</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%DB%8C%D8%AE%D8%A7%D8%A6%DB%8C%D9%84_%DA%AF%DB%86%D8%B1%D8%A8%D8%A7%DA%86%DB%86%DA%A4" title="میخائیل گۆرباچۆڤ – Sorani" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="میخائیل گۆرباچۆڤ" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="Sorani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-crh mw-list-item"><a href="https://crh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mihail_Gorba%C3%A7ov" title="Mihail Gorbaçov – Crimean Tatar" lang="crh" hreflang="crh" data-title="Mihail Gorbaçov" data-language-autonym="Qırımtatarca" data-language-local-name="Crimean Tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Qırımtatarca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Michail_Gorba%C4%8Dov" title="Michail Gorbačov – Tsjeggies" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Michail Gorbačov" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Tsjeggies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B1%D0%B0%D1%87%D1%91%D0%B2_%D0%9C%D0%B8%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%B8%D0%BB_%D0%A1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B3%D0%B5%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%87" title="Горбачёв Михаил Сергеевич – Chuvash" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Горбачёв Михаил Сергеевич" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="Chuvash" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mikhail_Gorbachev" title="Mikhail Gorbachev – Wallies" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Mikhail Gorbachev" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Wallies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mikhail_Gorbatjov" title="Mikhail Gorbatjov – Deens" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Mikhail Gorbatjov" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Deens" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Michail_Sergejewitsch_Gorbatschow" title="Michail Sergejewitsch Gorbatschow – Duits" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Michail Sergejewitsch Gorbatschow" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="Duits" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%9C%CE%B9%CF%87%CE%B1%CE%AE%CE%BB_%CE%93%CE%BA%CE%BF%CF%81%CE%BC%CF%80%CE%B1%CF%84%CF%83%CF%8C%CF%86" title="Μιχαήλ Γκορμπατσόφ – Grieks" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Μιχαήλ Γκορμπατσόφ" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Grieks" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="good article badge"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mikhail_Gorbachev" title="Mikhail Gorbachev – Engels" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Mikhail Gorbachev" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="Engels" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mi%C4%A5ail_Gorba%C4%89ov" title="Miĥail Gorbaĉov – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Miĥail Gorbaĉov" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mija%C3%ADl_Gorbachov" title="Mijaíl Gorbachov – Spaans" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Mijaíl Gorbachov" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mihhail_Gorbat%C5%A1ov" title="Mihhail Gorbatšov – Estnies" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Mihhail Gorbatšov" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estnies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mikhail_Gorbatxov" title="Mikhail Gorbatxov – Baskies" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Mikhail Gorbatxov" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Baskies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%DB%8C%D8%AE%D8%A7%D8%A6%DB%8C%D9%84_%DA%AF%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%A8%D8%A7%DA%86%D9%81" title="میخائیل گورباچف – Persies" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="میخائیل گورباچف" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mihail_Gorbat%C5%A1ov" title="Mihail Gorbatšov – Fins" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Mihail Gorbatšov" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Fins" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fiu-vro mw-list-item"><a href="https://fiu-vro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gorbat%C5%A1ovi_Mihhail" title="Gorbatšovi Mihhail – Võro" lang="vro" hreflang="vro" data-title="Gorbatšovi Mihhail" data-language-autonym="Võro" data-language-local-name="Võro" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Võro</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fo mw-list-item"><a href="https://fo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mikhail_Gorbatjov" title="Mikhail Gorbatjov – Faroëes" lang="fo" hreflang="fo" data-title="Mikhail Gorbatjov" data-language-autonym="Føroyskt" data-language-local-name="Faroëes" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Føroyskt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mikha%C3%AFl_Gorbatchev" title="Mikhaïl Gorbatchev – Frans" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Mikhaïl Gorbatchev" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="Frans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frp mw-list-item"><a href="https://frp.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mikhail_Gorbatchev" title="Mikhail Gorbatchev – Arpitan" lang="frp" hreflang="frp" data-title="Mikhail Gorbatchev" data-language-autonym="Arpetan" data-language-local-name="Arpitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Arpetan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Michail_Gorbatschow" title="Michail Gorbatschow – Noord-Fries" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Michail Gorbatschow" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="Noord-Fries" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Micha%C3%AFl_Gorbatsjov" title="Michaïl Gorbatsjov – Fries" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Michaïl Gorbatsjov" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="Fries" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/M%C3%ADchail_Gorbaitseov" title="Míchail Gorbaitseov – Iers" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Míchail Gorbaitseov" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Iers" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gan mw-list-item"><a href="https://gan.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%88%88%E7%88%BE%E5%B7%B4%E5%96%AC%E5%A4%AB" title="戈爾巴喬夫 – Gan-Sjinees" lang="gan" hreflang="gan" data-title="戈爾巴喬夫" data-language-autonym="贛語" data-language-local-name="Gan-Sjinees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>贛語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mihail_Gorba%C4%8D%C3%ABv" title="Mihail Gorbačëv – Skotse Gallies" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="Mihail Gorbačëv" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="Skotse Gallies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gàidhlig</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mikhail_Gorbachev" title="Mikhail Gorbachev – Galisies" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Mikhail Gorbachev" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galisies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hak mw-list-item"><a href="https://hak.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mikhail_Gorbachev" title="Mikhail Gorbachev – Hakka-Sjinees" lang="hak" hreflang="hak" data-title="Mikhail Gorbachev" data-language-autonym="客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî" data-language-local-name="Hakka-Sjinees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%9E%D7%99%D7%9B%D7%90%D7%99%D7%9C_%D7%92%D7%95%D7%A8%D7%91%D7%A6%27%D7%95%D7%91" title="מיכאיל גורבצ'וב – Hebreeus" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="מיכאיל גורבצ'וב" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebreeus" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%96%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%87%E0%A4%B2_%E0%A4%97%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AC%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%9A%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B5" title="मिखाइल गोर्बाचेव – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="मिखाइल गोर्बाचेव" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mihail_Gorba%C4%8Dov" title="Mihail Gorbačov – Kroaties" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Mihail Gorbačov" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Kroaties" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hsb mw-list-item"><a href="https://hsb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Michail_Sergejewi%C4%8D_Gorba%C4%8Dow" title="Michail Sergejewič Gorbačow – Oppersorbies" lang="hsb" hreflang="hsb" data-title="Michail Sergejewič Gorbačow" data-language-autonym="Hornjoserbsce" data-language-local-name="Oppersorbies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hornjoserbsce</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mihail_Szergejevics_Gorbacsov" title="Mihail Szergejevics Gorbacsov – Hongaars" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Mihail Szergejevics Gorbacsov" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hongaars" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%84%D5%AB%D5%AD%D5%A1%D5%B5%D5%AB%D5%AC_%D4%B3%D5%B8%D6%80%D5%A2%D5%A1%D5%B9%D5%B8%D5%BE" title="Միխայիլ Գորբաչով – Armeens" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Միխայիլ Գորբաչով" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armeens" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mikhail_Gorbachev" title="Mikhail Gorbachev – Interlingua" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Mikhail Gorbachev" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="Interlingua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mikhail_Gorbachev" title="Mikhail Gorbachev – Indonesies" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Mikhail Gorbachev" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ie mw-list-item"><a href="https://ie.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mikhail_Gorbachov" title="Mikhail Gorbachov – Interlingue" lang="ie" hreflang="ie" data-title="Mikhail Gorbachov" data-language-autonym="Interlingue" data-language-local-name="Interlingue" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingue</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mihail_Sergeyevich_Gorbachyov" title="Mihail Sergeyevich Gorbachyov – Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Mihail Sergeyevich Gorbachyov" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/M%C3%ADkha%C3%ADl_Gorbatsjov" title="Míkhaíl Gorbatsjov – Yslands" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Míkhaíl Gorbatsjov" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Yslands" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Michail_Gorba%C4%8D%C3%ABv" title="Michail Gorbačëv – Italiaans" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Michail Gorbačëv" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italiaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%9F%E3%83%8F%E3%82%A4%E3%83%AB%E3%83%BB%E3%82%B4%E3%83%AB%E3%83%90%E3%83%81%E3%83%A7%E3%83%95" title="ミハイル・ゴルバチョフ – Japannees" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ミハイル・ゴルバチョフ" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japannees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mikhail_Gorbachev" title="Mikhail Gorbachev – Javaans" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Mikhail Gorbachev" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="Javaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%9B%E1%83%98%E1%83%AE%E1%83%94%E1%83%98%E1%83%9A_%E1%83%92%E1%83%9D%E1%83%A0%E1%83%91%E1%83%90%E1%83%A9%E1%83%9D%E1%83%95%E1%83%98" title="მიხეილ გორბაჩოვი – Georgies" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="მიხეილ გორბაჩოვი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kbp mw-list-item"><a href="https://kbp.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mikha%C3%AFl_Gorbatchev" title="Mikhaïl Gorbatchev – Kabiye" lang="kbp" hreflang="kbp" data-title="Mikhaïl Gorbatchev" data-language-autonym="Kabɩyɛ" data-language-local-name="Kabiye" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kabɩyɛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B8%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%B8%D0%BB_%D0%A1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B3%D0%B5%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%87_%D0%93%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B1%D0%B0%D1%87%D1%91%D0%B2" title="Михаил Сергеевич Горбачёв – Kazaks" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Михаил Сергеевич Горбачёв" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazaks" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-km mw-list-item"><a href="https://km.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%9E%98%E1%9E%B8%E1%9E%81%E1%9E%B6%E1%9E%A2%E1%9F%8A%E1%9E%B8%E1%9E%9B_%E1%9E%A0%E1%9F%92%E1%9E%82%E1%9F%90%E1%9E%9A%E1%9E%94%E1%9E%B6%E1%9E%86%E1%9E%BC%E1%9E%9C" title="មីខាអ៊ីល ហ្គ័របាឆូវ – Khmer" lang="km" hreflang="km" data-title="មីខាអ៊ីល ហ្គ័របាឆូវ" data-language-autonym="ភាសាខ្មែរ" data-language-local-name="Khmer" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ភាសាខ្មែរ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%AE%E0%B2%BF%E0%B2%96%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%AF%E0%B2%BF%E0%B2%B2%E0%B3%8D_%E0%B2%97%E0%B3%8A%E0%B2%B0%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%AC%E0%B2%9A%E0%B3%86%E0%B2%B5%E0%B3%8D" title="ಮಿಖಾಯಿಲ್ ಗೊರ್ಬಚೆವ್ – Kannada" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಮಿಖಾಯಿಲ್ ಗೊರ್ಬಚೆವ್" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="Kannada" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%AF%B8%ED%95%98%EC%9D%BC_%EA%B3%A0%EB%A5%B4%EB%B0%94%EC%B4%88%ED%94%84" title="미하일 고르바초프 – Koreaans" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="미하일 고르바초프" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Koreaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/M%C3%AExa%C3%AEl_Gorba%C3%A7ov" title="Mîxaîl Gorbaçov – Koerdies" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Mîxaîl Gorbaçov" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="Koerdies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kw mw-list-item"><a href="https://kw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mikhail_Gorbachev" title="Mikhail Gorbachev – Kornies" lang="kw" hreflang="kw" data-title="Mikhail Gorbachev" data-language-autonym="Kernowek" data-language-local-name="Kornies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kernowek</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B8%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%B8%D0%BB_%D0%93%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B1%D0%B0%D1%87%D1%91%D0%B2" title="Михаил Горбачёв – Kirgisies" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Михаил Горбачёв" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="Kirgisies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Michael_Gorba%C4%8D%C3%ABv" title="Michael Gorbačëv – Latyn" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Michael Gorbačëv" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latyn" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Michail_Sergejewitsch_Gorbatschow" title="Michail Sergejewitsch Gorbatschow – Luxemburgs" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Michail Sergejewitsch Gorbatschow" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="Luxemburgs" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lfn mw-list-item"><a href="https://lfn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mihail_Gorbatxov" title="Mihail Gorbatxov – Lingua Franca Nova" lang="lfn" hreflang="lfn" data-title="Mihail Gorbatxov" data-language-autonym="Lingua Franca Nova" data-language-local-name="Lingua Franca Nova" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingua Franca Nova</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Michail_Gorbatsjov" title="Michail Gorbatsjov – Limburgs" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Michail Gorbatsjov" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="Limburgs" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Limburgs</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Michail_Sergeevi%C4%8D_Gorba%C4%8D%C3%ABv" title="Michail Sergeevič Gorbačëv – Lombard" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Michail Sergeevič Gorbačëv" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="Lombard" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Michailas_Gorba%C4%8Diovas" title="Michailas Gorbačiovas – Litaus" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Michailas Gorbačiovas" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Litaus" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mihails_Gorba%C4%8Dovs" title="Mihails Gorbačovs – Letties" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Mihails Gorbačovs" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Letties" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mdf mw-list-item"><a href="https://mdf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B8%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B0_%D0%93%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B1%D0%B0%D1%87%D0%B5%D0%B2" title="Михайила Горбачев – Moksha" lang="mdf" hreflang="mdf" data-title="Михайила Горбачев" data-language-autonym="Мокшень" data-language-local-name="Moksha" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Мокшень</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mikhail_Gorbachev" title="Mikhail Gorbachev – Malgassies" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Mikhail Gorbachev" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="Malgassies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mhr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mhr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B1%D0%B0%D1%87%D1%91%D0%B2,_%D0%9C%D0%B8%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%B8%D0%BB_%D0%A1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B3%D0%B5%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%87" title="Горбачёв, Михаил Сергеевич – Eastern Mari" lang="mhr" hreflang="mhr" data-title="Горбачёв, Михаил Сергеевич" data-language-autonym="Олык марий" data-language-local-name="Eastern Mari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Олык марий</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B8%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%B8%D0%BB_%D0%93%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B1%D0%B0%D1%87%D0%BE%D0%B2" title="Михаил Горбачов – Masedonies" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Михаил Горбачов" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Masedonies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%AE%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%96%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%AF%E0%B5%87%E0%B5%BD_%E0%B4%97%E0%B5%8B%E0%B5%BC%E0%B4%AC%E0%B4%9A%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%9A%E0%B5%87%E0%B4%B5%E0%B5%8D" title="മിഖായേൽ ഗോർബച്ചേവ് – Malabaars" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="മിഖായേൽ ഗോർബച്ചേവ്" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malabaars" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B8%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%B8%D0%BB_%D0%A1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B3%D0%B5%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%87_%D0%93%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B1%D0%B0%D1%87%D1%91%D0%B2" title="Михаил Сергеевич Горбачёв – Mongools" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Михаил Сергеевич Горбачёв" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="Mongools" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%96%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%87%E0%A4%B2_%E0%A4%97%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AC%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%9A%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B5" title="मिखाइल गोर्बाचेव – Marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="मिखाइल गोर्बाचेव" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="Marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mrj mw-list-item"><a href="https://mrj.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B1%D0%B0%D1%87%D1%91%D0%B2,_%D0%9C%D0%B8%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%B8%D0%BB_%D0%A1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B3%D0%B5%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%87" title="Горбачёв, Михаил Сергеевич – Western Mari" lang="mrj" hreflang="mrj" data-title="Горбачёв, Михаил Сергеевич" data-language-autonym="Кырык мары" data-language-local-name="Western Mari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кырык мары</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mikhail_Gorbachev" title="Mikhail Gorbachev – Maleis" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Mikhail Gorbachev" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Maleis" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mt mw-list-item"><a href="https://mt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mikhail_Gorbachev" title="Mikhail Gorbachev – Maltees" lang="mt" hreflang="mt" data-title="Mikhail Gorbachev" data-language-autonym="Malti" data-language-local-name="Maltees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%99%E1%80%85%E1%80%BA%E1%80%9F%E1%80%B1%E1%80%B8_%E1%80%82%E1%80%B1%E1%80%AB%E1%80%BA%E1%80%97%E1%80%AC%E1%80%81%E1%80%BB%E1%80%B1%E1%80%AC%E1%80%B7%E1%80%97%E1%80%BA" title="မစ်ဟေး ဂေါ်ဗာချော့ဗ် – Birmaans" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="မစ်ဟေး ဂေါ်ဗာချော့ဗ်" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="Birmaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mzn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mzn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%DB%8C%D8%AE%D8%A7%D8%A6%DB%8C%D9%84_%DA%AF%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%A8%D8%A7%DA%86%D9%81" title="میخائیل گورباچف – Masanderani" lang="mzn" hreflang="mzn" data-title="میخائیل گورباچف" data-language-autonym="مازِرونی" data-language-local-name="Masanderani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مازِرونی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%96%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%87%E0%A4%B2_%E0%A4%97%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AC%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%9A%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%AD" title="मिखाइल गोर्बाचोभ – Nepalees" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="मिखाइल गोर्बाचोभ" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="Nepalees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-new mw-list-item"><a href="https://new.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%96%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%87%E0%A4%B2_%E0%A4%97%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AC%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%9A%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%AD" title="मिखाइल गोर्बाचोभ – Newari" lang="new" hreflang="new" data-title="मिखाइल गोर्बाचोभ" data-language-autonym="नेपाल भाषा" data-language-local-name="Newari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाल भाषा</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Michail_Gorbatsjov" title="Michail Gorbatsjov – Nederlands" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Michail Gorbatsjov" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Nederlands" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mikhail_Gorbatsjov" title="Mikhail Gorbatsjov – Nuwe Noors" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Mikhail Gorbatsjov" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Nuwe Noors" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mikhail_Gorbatsjov" title="Mikhail Gorbatsjov – Boeknoors" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Mikhail Gorbatsjov" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Boeknoors" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mikha%C3%AFl_Gorbachov" title="Mikhaïl Gorbachov – Oksitaans" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Mikhaïl Gorbachov" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Oksitaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-or mw-list-item"><a href="https://or.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AC%AE%E0%AC%BF%E0%AC%96%E0%AC%BE%E0%AC%87%E0%AC%B2_%E0%AC%97%E0%AD%8B%E0%AC%B0%E0%AD%8D%E0%AC%AC%E0%AC%BE%E0%AC%9A%E0%AD%8B%E0%AC%AD" title="ମିଖାଇଲ ଗୋର୍ବାଚୋଭ – Oriya" lang="or" hreflang="or" data-title="ମିଖାଇଲ ଗୋର୍ବାଚୋଭ" data-language-autonym="ଓଡ଼ିଆ" data-language-local-name="Oriya" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ଓଡ଼ିଆ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-os mw-list-item"><a href="https://os.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B1%D0%B0%D1%87%D1%91%D0%B2,_%D0%9C%D0%B8%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%B8%D0%BB_%D0%A1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B3%D0%B5%D0%B9%D1%8B_%D1%84%D1%8B%D1%80%D1%82" title="Горбачёв, Михаил Сергейы фырт – Osseties" lang="os" hreflang="os" data-title="Горбачёв, Михаил Сергейы фырт" data-language-autonym="Ирон" data-language-local-name="Osseties" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ирон</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%AE%E0%A8%BF%E0%A8%96%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%87%E0%A8%B2_%E0%A8%97%E0%A9%8B%E0%A8%B0%E0%A8%AC%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%9A%E0%A9%87%E0%A8%B5" title="ਮਿਖਾਇਲ ਗੋਰਬਾਚੇਵ – Pandjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਮਿਖਾਇਲ ਗੋਰਬਾਚੇਵ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="Pandjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Michai%C5%82_Gorbaczow" title="Michaił Gorbaczow – Pools" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Michaił Gorbaczow" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Pools" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pms mw-list-item"><a href="https://pms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Michail_Gorba%C4%8D%C3%ABv" title="Michail Gorbačëv – Piedmontese" lang="pms" hreflang="pms" data-title="Michail Gorbačëv" data-language-autonym="Piemontèis" data-language-local-name="Piedmontese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Piemontèis</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%DB%8C%D8%AE%D8%A7%D8%A6%D9%84_%DA%AF%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%A8%D8%A7%DA%86%D9%88%D9%81" title="میخائل گورباچوف – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="میخائل گورباچوف" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%DB%8C%D8%AE%D8%A7%DB%8C%D9%84_%DA%AB%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%A8%D8%A7%DA%86%D9%81" title="میخایل ګورباچف – Pasjtoe" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="میخایل ګورباچف" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="Pasjtoe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mikhail_Gorbatchov" title="Mikhail Gorbatchov – Portugees" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Mikhail Gorbatchov" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portugees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mikhail_Gorbachov" title="Mikhail Gorbachov – Quechua" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Mikhail Gorbachov" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="Quechua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mihail_Gorbaciov" title="Mihail Gorbaciov – Roemeens" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Mihail Gorbaciov" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Roemeens" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B1%D0%B0%D1%87%D1%91%D0%B2,_%D0%9C%D0%B8%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%B8%D0%BB_%D0%A1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B3%D0%B5%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%87" title="Горбачёв, Михаил Сергеевич – Russies" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Горбачёв, Михаил Сергеевич" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rue mw-list-item"><a href="https://rue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B8%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%B8%D0%BB_%D0%93%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B1%D0%B0%D1%87%D0%BE%D0%B2" title="Михаил Горбачов – Rusyn" lang="rue" hreflang="rue" data-title="Михаил Горбачов" data-language-autonym="Русиньскый" data-language-local-name="Rusyn" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русиньскый</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sa mw-list-item"><a href="https://sa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%96%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%87%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%8D_%E0%A4%97%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AC%E0%A4%9A%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%AB%E0%A5%8D" title="मिखाइल् गोर्बचोफ् – Sanskrit" lang="sa" hreflang="sa" data-title="मिखाइल् गोर्बचोफ्" data-language-autonym="संस्कृतम्" data-language-local-name="Sanskrit" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>संस्कृतम्</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B1%D0%B0%D1%87%D1%91%D0%B2_%D0%9C%D0%B8%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%B8%D0%BB_%D0%A1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B3%D0%B5%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%87" title="Горбачёв Михаил Сергеевич – Sakhaans" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="Горбачёв Михаил Сергеевич" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="Sakhaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Саха тыла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sc mw-list-item"><a href="https://sc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Michail_Gorba%C4%8D%C3%ABv" title="Michail Gorbačëv – Sardinies" lang="sc" hreflang="sc" data-title="Michail Gorbačëv" data-language-autonym="Sardu" data-language-local-name="Sardinies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sardu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Michail_Gorbaciov" title="Michail Gorbaciov – Sisiliaans" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Michail Gorbaciov" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="Sisiliaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mikhail_Gorbachev" title="Mikhail Gorbachev – Skots" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Mikhail Gorbachev" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="Skots" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D9%8A%D8%AE%D8%A7%D8%A6%D9%8A%D9%84_%DA%AF%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%A8%D8%A7%DA%86%D9%88%D9%81" title="ميخائيل گورباچوف – Sindhi" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="ميخائيل گورباچوف" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="Sindhi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سنڌي</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mihail_Gorba%C4%8Dov" title="Mihail Gorbačov – Serwo-Kroaties" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Mihail Gorbačov" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serwo-Kroaties" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B6%B8%E0%B7%92%E0%B7%84%E0%B7%8F%E0%B6%BA%E0%B7%92%E0%B6%BD%E0%B7%8A_%E0%B6%9C%E0%B7%9C%E0%B6%BB%E0%B7%8A%E0%B6%B6%E0%B6%A0%E0%B7%9C%E0%B7%86%E0%B7%8A" title="මිහායිල් ගොර්බචොෆ් – Sinhala" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="මිහායිල් ගොර්බචොෆ්" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="Sinhala" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mikhail_Gorbachev" title="Mikhail Gorbachev – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Mikhail Gorbachev" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Michail_Sergejevi%C4%8D_Gorba%C4%8Dov" title="Michail Sergejevič Gorbačov – Slowaaks" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Michail Sergejevič Gorbačov" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slowaaks" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-skr mw-list-item"><a href="https://skr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%DB%8C%D8%AE%D8%A7%D8%A6%D9%84_%DA%AF%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%BE%D8%A7%DA%86%D9%88%D9%81" title="میخائل گورپاچوف – Saraiki" lang="skr" hreflang="skr" data-title="میخائل گورپاچوف" data-language-autonym="سرائیکی" data-language-local-name="Saraiki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سرائیکی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mihail_Gorba%C4%8Dov" title="Mihail Gorbačov – Sloweens" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Mihail Gorbačov" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Sloweens" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-so mw-list-item"><a href="https://so.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mikhail_Gorbachev" title="Mikhail Gorbachev – Somalies" lang="so" hreflang="so" data-title="Mikhail Gorbachev" data-language-autonym="Soomaaliga" data-language-local-name="Somalies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Soomaaliga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mihail_Gorba%C3%A7ovi" title="Mihail Gorbaçovi – Albanees" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Mihail Gorbaçovi" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albanees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B8%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%B8%D0%BB_%D0%93%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B1%D0%B0%D1%87%D0%BE%D0%B2" title="Михаил Горбачов – Serwies" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Михаил Горбачов" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serwies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Michail_Gorbatjov" title="Michail Gorbatjov – Sweeds" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Michail Gorbatjov" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Sweeds" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mikhail_Gorbachov" title="Mikhail Gorbachov – Swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Mikhail Gorbachov" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="Swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-szl mw-list-item"><a href="https://szl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Michai%C5%82_Gorbaczow" title="Michaił Gorbaczow – Silesian" lang="szl" hreflang="szl" data-title="Michaił Gorbaczow" data-language-autonym="Ślůnski" data-language-local-name="Silesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ślůnski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-szy mw-list-item"><a href="https://szy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mi-ha-yi-e._Ke-pa-ci-hu" title="Mi-ha-yi-e. Ke-pa-ci-hu – Sakizaya" lang="szy" hreflang="szy" data-title="Mi-ha-yi-e. Ke-pa-ci-hu" data-language-autonym="Sakizaya" data-language-local-name="Sakizaya" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sakizaya</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%AE%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%88%E0%AE%B2%E0%AF%8D_%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%8A%E0%AE%B0%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%AA%E0%AE%9A%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%9A%E0%AF%8B%E0%AE%B5%E0%AF%8D" title="மிக்கைல் கொர்பச்சோவ் – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="மிக்கைல் கொர்பச்சோவ்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%AE%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%96%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%8D_%E0%B0%97%E0%B1%8B%E0%B0%B0%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%AC%E0%B0%9A%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%B5%E0%B1%8D" title="మిఖాయిల్ గోర్బచేవ్ – Teloegoe" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="మిఖాయిల్ గోర్బచేవ్" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="Teloegoe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B8%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%B8%D0%BB_%D0%93%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B1%D0%B0%D1%87%D1%91%D0%B2" title="Михаил Горбачёв – Tadjiks" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Михаил Горбачёв" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="Tadjiks" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%AE%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%A5_%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%8C%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%8A%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%9F" title="มีฮาอิล กอร์บาชอฟ – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="มีฮาอิล กอร์บาชอฟ" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mikhail_Gorbachev" title="Mikhail Gorbachev – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Mikhail Gorbachev" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tly mw-list-item"><a href="https://tly.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mixail_Gorbacov" title="Mixail Gorbacov – Talysh" lang="tly" hreflang="tly" data-title="Mixail Gorbacov" data-language-autonym="Tolışi" data-language-local-name="Talysh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tolışi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mihail_Gorba%C3%A7ov" title="Mihail Gorbaçov – Turks" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Mihail Gorbaçov" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turks" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B8%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%B8%D0%BB_%D0%93%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B1%D0%B0%D1%87%D1%91%D0%B2" title="Михаил Горбачёв – Tataars" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Михаил Горбачёв" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="Tataars" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B1%D0%B0%D1%87%D0%BE%D0%B2_%D0%9C%D0%B8%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB%D0%BE_%D0%A1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B3%D1%96%D0%B9%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%87" title="Горбачов Михайло Сергійович – Oekraïens" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Горбачов Михайло Сергійович" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Oekraïens" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%DB%8C%D8%AE%D8%A7%D8%A6%D9%84_%DA%AF%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%A8%D8%A7%DA%86%D9%88%D9%81" title="میخائل گورباچوف – Oerdoe" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="میخائل گورباچوف" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Oerdoe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mixail_Gorbachyov" title="Mixail Gorbachyov – Oezbeeks" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Mixail Gorbachyov" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Oezbeeks" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vec mw-list-item"><a href="https://vec.wikipedia.org/wiki/Michail_Gorba%C4%8D%C3%ABv" title="Michail Gorbačëv – Venetian" lang="vec" hreflang="vec" data-title="Michail Gorbačëv" data-language-autonym="Vèneto" data-language-local-name="Venetian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vèneto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mikhail_Sergeyevich_Gorbachyov" title="Mikhail Sergeyevich Gorbachyov – Viëtnamees" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Mikhail Sergeyevich Gorbachyov" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Viëtnamees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wa mw-list-item"><a href="https://wa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mixhail_Sergeyevitch_Gorbatchyov" title="Mixhail Sergeyevitch Gorbatchyov – Walloon" lang="wa" hreflang="wa" data-title="Mixhail Sergeyevitch Gorbatchyov" data-language-autonym="Walon" data-language-local-name="Walloon" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Walon</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mikhail_Gorbachev" title="Mikhail Gorbachev – Waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Mikhail Gorbachev" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="Waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%B1%B3%E5%93%88%E4%BC%8A%E5%B0%94%C2%B7%E6%88%88%E5%B0%94%E5%B7%B4%E4%B9%94%E5%A4%AB" title="米哈伊尔·戈尔巴乔夫 – Wu-Sjinees" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="米哈伊尔·戈尔巴乔夫" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu-Sjinees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%9B%E1%83%98%E1%83%AE%E1%83%94%E1%83%98%E1%83%9A_%E1%83%92%E1%83%9D%E1%83%A0%E1%83%91%E1%83%90%E1%83%A9%E1%83%9D%E1%83%95%E1%83%98" title="მიხეილ გორბაჩოვი – Mingrelian" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="მიხეილ გორბაჩოვი" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="Mingrelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%9E%D7%99%D7%9B%D7%90%D7%99%D7%9C_%D7%92%D7%90%D7%A8%D7%91%D7%90%D7%98%D7%A9%D7%90%D7%95%D7%95" title="מיכאיל גארבאטשאוו – Jiddisj" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="מיכאיל גארבאטשאוו" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="Jiddisj" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ייִדיש</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yo mw-list-item"><a href="https://yo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mika%E1%BA%B9li_G%E1%BB%8Drbats%E1%BA%B9f" title="Mikaẹli Gọrbatsẹf – Yoruba" lang="yo" hreflang="yo" data-title="Mikaẹli Gọrbatsẹf" data-language-autonym="Yorùbá" data-language-local-name="Yoruba" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Yorùbá</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%B1%B3%E5%93%88%E4%BC%8A%E5%B0%94%C2%B7%E6%88%88%E5%B0%94%E5%B7%B4%E4%B9%94%E5%A4%AB" title="米哈伊尔·戈尔巴乔夫 – Chinees" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="米哈伊尔·戈尔巴乔夫" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-classical mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-classical.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%88%88%E7%88%BE%E5%B7%B4%E5%96%AC%E5%A4%AB" title="戈爾巴喬夫 – Literary Chinese" lang="lzh" hreflang="lzh" data-title="戈爾巴喬夫" data-language-autonym="文言" data-language-local-name="Literary Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>文言</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mikhail_Gorbachyov" title="Mikhail Gorbachyov – Min Nan-Sjinees" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Mikhail Gorbachyov" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Min Nan-Sjinees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%88%88%E5%B7%B4%E5%8D%93%E5%A4%AB" title="戈巴卓夫 – Kantonees" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="戈巴卓夫" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Kantonees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q30487#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Wysig skakels tussen tale" class="wbc-editpage">Wysig skakels</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Naamruimtes"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> 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class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">in Wikipedia, die vrye ensiklopedie</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="af" dir="ltr"><table class="infobox" style="width:23em; font-size:85%; text-align:left; padding-left:0.5em; padding-right:0.5em;"> <tbody><tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; font-size:140%;"><b>Michail Gorbatsjof <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/L%C3%AAer:Nobel_prize_medal.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Nobel_prize_medal.svg/20px-Nobel_prize_medal.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Nobel_prize_medal.svg/30px-Nobel_prize_medal.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Nobel_prize_medal.svg/40px-Nobel_prize_medal.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="150" data-file-height="150" /></a></span></b> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align:center;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/L%C3%AAer:Mikhail_Gorbachev_1987.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Michail Gorbatsjof"><img alt="Michail Gorbatsjof" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/de/Mikhail_Gorbachev_1987.jpg/220px-Mikhail_Gorbachev_1987.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="223" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/de/Mikhail_Gorbachev_1987.jpg/330px-Mikhail_Gorbachev_1987.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/de/Mikhail_Gorbachev_1987.jpg/440px-Mikhail_Gorbachev_1987.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1169" data-file-height="1187" /></a></span><br /> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align:center; font-size:110%;"><hr /><div style="background:lavender; font-weight:bold">President van die Sowjetunie</div> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom:none; text-align:center;"><b>Ampstermyn</b><br /><a href="/wiki/15_Maart" title="15 Maart">15 Maart</a> <a href="/wiki/1990" title="1990">1990</a> – <a href="/wiki/25_Desember" title="25 Desember">25 Desember</a> <a href="/wiki/1991" title="1991">1991</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th>Vise </th> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gennadi_Janajef&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gennadi Janajef (bladsy bestaan nie)">Gennadi Janajef</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th>Voorafgegaan deur </th> <td><a href="/wiki/Andrei_Gromiko" title="Andrei Gromiko">Andrei Gromiko</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th>Opgevolg deur </th> <td><a href="/wiki/Boris_Jeltsin" title="Boris Jeltsin">Boris Jeltsin</a> as President van Rusland </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="2" style="text-align:center; font-size:110%;"><hr /><div style="background:lavender;">12de Voorsitter van die Presidium van die Opperste Sowjet van die Sowjetunie</div> </th></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom:none; text-align:center;"><b>Ampstermyn</b><br /><a href="/wiki/1_Oktober" title="1 Oktober">1 Oktober</a> <a href="/wiki/1988" title="1988">1988</a> – <a href="/wiki/25_Mei" title="25 Mei">25 Mei</a> <a href="/wiki/1989" title="1989">1989</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th>Eerste minister </th> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nikolai_Tichonof&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nikolai Tichonof (bladsy bestaan nie)">Nikolai Tichonof</a><br /><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nikolai_Rizjkof&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nikolai Rizjkof (bladsy bestaan nie)">Nikolai Rizjkof</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="2" style="text-align:center; font-size:110%;"><hr /><div style="background:lavender;">1ste Voorsitter van die Opperste Sowjet van die Sowjetunie</div> </th></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom:none; text-align:center;"><b>Ampstermyn</b><br /><a href="/wiki/25_Mei" title="25 Mei">25 Mei</a> <a href="/wiki/1989" title="1989">1989</a> – <a href="/wiki/15_Maart" title="15 Maart">15 Maart</a> <a href="/wiki/1990" title="1990">1990</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th>Voorafgegaan deur </th> <td>homself as Voorsitter van die Presidium van die Opperste Sowjet </td></tr> <tr> <th>Opgevolg deur </th> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Anatoli_Loekjanof&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Anatoli Loekjanof (bladsy bestaan nie)">Anatoli Loekjanof</a> as speaker van die Parlement<br />homself as staatshoof as die president van die Sowjetunie </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="2" style="text-align:center; font-size:110%;"><hr /><div style="background:lavender;">Lid van die Politburo</div> </th></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom:none; text-align:center;"><b>Ampstermyn</b><br /><a href="/wiki/1980" title="1980">1980</a> – <a href="/wiki/1991" title="1991">1991</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="2" style="color: #000000; font-size: 110%; text-align: center;"><hr /><div style="background:lavender;">Persoonlike besonderhede</div> </th></tr> <tr> <th>Gebore </th> <td><a href="/wiki/2_Maart" title="2 Maart">2 Maart</a> <a href="/wiki/1931" title="1931">1931</a> <br /><a href="/w/index.php?title=Priwolnoje&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Priwolnoje (bladsy bestaan nie)">Priwolnoje</a>, <a href="/wiki/Russiese_Sosialistiese_Federale_Sowjetrepubliek" title="Russiese Sosialistiese Federale Sowjetrepubliek">Russiese SFS</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sowjetunie" title="Sowjetunie">Sowjetunie</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th>Sterf </th> <td>30 Augustus 2022 (op 91)<br /><a href="/wiki/Moskou" title="Moskou">Moskou</a>, <a href="/wiki/Rusland" title="Rusland">Rusland</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th>Politieke party </th> <td>Kommunistiese Party van die Sowjetunie (1950-1991)<br />Sosiale Demokratiese Party van Rusland (2001-2004)<br />Unie van Sosiale Demokrate (2007 - nou)<br />Onafhanklike Demokratiese Party van Rusland (2008 - nou) </td></tr> <tr> <th>Eggenoot/-note </th> <td>Raisa Gorbatsjowa </td></tr> <tr> <th>Alma mater </th> <td>Staatsuniversiteit van Moskou </td></tr> <tr> <th>Professie </th> <td>Regsgeleerde </td></tr> <tr> <th>Religie </th> <td>Ateïs </td></tr> <tr> <th>Handtekening </th> <td><span class="skin-invert" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/L%C3%AAer:Mikhail_Gorbachev_Signature.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/Mikhail_Gorbachev_Signature.svg/128px-Mikhail_Gorbachev_Signature.svg.png" decoding="async" width="128" height="41" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/Mikhail_Gorbachev_Signature.svg/192px-Mikhail_Gorbachev_Signature.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/Mikhail_Gorbachev_Signature.svg/256px-Mikhail_Gorbachev_Signature.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="488" data-file-height="156" /></a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <th>Toekennings </th> <td><a href="/wiki/Nobelprys_vir_Vrede" title="Nobelprys vir Vrede">Nobelprys vir Vrede</a> (1990) </td></tr> </tbody></table> <p><b>Michail Sergejewitsj Gorbatsjof</b> (<a href="/wiki/Russies" title="Russies">Russies</a>: <b>Михаил Сергеевич Горбачёв</b>; 2 Maart 1931 – <a href="/wiki/30_Augustus" title="30 Augustus">30 Augustus</a> <a href="/wiki/2022" title="2022">2022</a>) was een van die invloedrykste <a href="/wiki/Rusland" title="Rusland">Russiese</a> politici van die laaste kwart van die twintigste eeu. Onder sy politieke leierskap het die politieke, sosiale en ekonomiese landskap van die <a href="/wiki/Sowjetunie" title="Sowjetunie">Sowjetunie</a> drasties verander - die magtige <a href="/wiki/Kommunistiese_Party_van_die_Sowjetunie" title="Kommunistiese Party van die Sowjetunie">Kommunistiese Party</a> wat die USSR langer as sewentig jaar met 'n ystervuis regeer het, het binne ses jaar sy gesag verloor en die land het 'n nuwe politieke en ekonomiese bedeling ingeskiet. </p><p>Die veranderinge in die USSR het 'n rimpeleffek op internasionale betrekkinge gehad: superkragbetrekkinge het verskuif met die beëindiging van die <a href="/wiki/Koue_Oorlog" title="Koue Oorlog">Koue Oorlog</a>, die <a href="/wiki/Wapenwedloop" title="Wapenwedloop">wapenwedloop</a> het beduidend afgeneem, die politieke kaart van <a href="/wiki/Europa" title="Europa">Europa</a> het vinnig verander en die <a href="/wiki/Berlynse_Muur" title="Berlynse Muur">Berlynse Muur</a> het geval wat gelei het tot die hervereniging van Duitsland. </p><p>Die wêreld van die tagtigerjare was nie dieselfde as dié van die negentigerjare nie omdat Gorbatsjof, wat nog sy hele lewe 'n lojale lid van die Kommunistiese Party was, die moed gehad het om sewentig jaar van kommunistiese ideologie te bevraagteken. Sy pogings om die Sowjetstelsel te hervorm het onder sy opvolger, <a href="/wiki/Boris_Jeltsin" title="Boris Jeltsin">Boris Jeltsin</a>, gelei tot die algehele aftakeling van kommunisme. </p><p>Deur sy ampsbekleding as sekretaris-generaal van die Sentrale Komitee (<a href="/wiki/1985" title="1985">1985</a>—<a href="/wiki/1990" title="1990">1990</a>) en as president van die USSR (<a href="/wiki/1990" title="1990">1990</a>—<a href="/wiki/1991" title="1991">1991</a>), het Gorbatsjof twee beleide geïmplementeer wat verreikende gevolge gehad het: <a href="/wiki/Glasnost" title="Glasnost">glasnost</a> (openheid) en perestroika (herstrukturering). Onder glasnost het Gorbatsjof ongekende <a href="/wiki/Vryheid_van_spraak" title="Vryheid van spraak">vryheid van spraak</a> in die USSR ingestel. <a href="/wiki/Perestroika" title="Perestroika">Perestroika</a> was 'n poging om die politieke bestel te demokratiseer en 'n sukkelende, burokratiese en onproduktiewe ekonomie te verbeter deur beperkte vryemarkbeleide in te stel. </p><p>In 1989 het Gorbatsjof se verdraagsaamheid teenoor die antikommunistiese protes in <a href="/wiki/Oos-Berlyn" title="Oos-Berlyn">Oos-Berlyn</a> gelei tot die verkrummeling van die Berlynse Muur - 'n gebeurtenis wat 'n sneeubaleffek gehad het in die oos-Europese state wat sedert die veertigerjare onderworpe was aan kommunistiese beheer. Dit het <a href="/wiki/Bulgarye" title="Bulgarye">Bulgarye</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tsjeggo-Slowakye" title="Tsjeggo-Slowakye">Tsjeggo-Slowakye</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hongarye" title="Hongarye">Hongarye</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pole" title="Pole">Pole</a> en <a href="/wiki/Roemeni%C3%AB" title="Roemenië">Roemenië</a> aangemoedig om voor die einde van die jaar die kommunistiese beheer omver te werp. Gemotiveer deur die gebeure in <a href="/wiki/Oos-Europa" title="Oos-Europa">Oos-Europa</a>, het die klein <a href="/wiki/Litause_SSR" class="mw-redirect" title="Litause SSR">Sowjetrepubliek van Litaue</a> in 1990 die land se onafhanklikheid van die USSR aangekondig. In plaas daarvan om hierdie interne opstand gewelddadig te onderdruk, het Gorbatsjof met relatiewe selfbeheersing opgetree. 'n Golf van nasionalisme het deur die USSR beweeg en teen 1990 was elkeen van die vyftien Sowjet-republieke onafhanklik. </p><p>In 1990 het Gorbatsjof die <a href="/wiki/Nobelprys_vir_Vrede" title="Nobelprys vir Vrede">Nobelprys vir Vrede</a> ontvang.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Lewensgeskiedenis">Lewensgeskiedenis</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Michail_Gorbatsjof&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Wysig afdeling: Lewensgeskiedenis" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>wysig</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Michail_Gorbatsjof&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section's source code: Lewensgeskiedenis"><span>wysig bron</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/L%C3%AAer:%D0%9C%D0%B8%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%B8%D0%BB_%D0%93%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B1%D0%B0%D1%87%D1%91%D0%B2.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/%D0%9C%D0%B8%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%B8%D0%BB_%D0%93%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B1%D0%B0%D1%87%D1%91%D0%B2.jpg/170px-%D0%9C%D0%B8%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%B8%D0%BB_%D0%93%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B1%D0%B0%D1%87%D1%91%D0%B2.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="267" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/%D0%9C%D0%B8%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%B8%D0%BB_%D0%93%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B1%D0%B0%D1%87%D1%91%D0%B2.jpg/255px-%D0%9C%D0%B8%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%B8%D0%BB_%D0%93%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B1%D0%B0%D1%87%D1%91%D0%B2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/%D0%9C%D0%B8%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%B8%D0%BB_%D0%93%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B1%D0%B0%D1%87%D1%91%D0%B2.jpg/340px-%D0%9C%D0%B8%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%B8%D0%BB_%D0%93%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B1%D0%B0%D1%87%D1%91%D0%B2.jpg 2x" data-file-width="596" data-file-height="936" /></a><figcaption>Michail Gorbatsjof in 2004</figcaption></figure> <p>Michail Sergejewitsj Gorbatsjof is op <a href="/wiki/2_Maart" title="2 Maart">2 Maart</a> <a href="/wiki/1931" title="1931">1931</a> in <a href="/w/index.php?title=Priwolnoje&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Priwolnoje (bladsy bestaan nie)">Priwolnoje</a> in <a href="/w/index.php?title=Noord-Kaukasus-krai&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Noord-Kaukasus-krai (bladsy bestaan nie)">Noord-Kaukasus-krai</a> (vandag <a href="/wiki/Stawropol-krai" title="Stawropol-krai">Stawropol-krai</a>) gebore. Sy pa was 'n kleinboer wat voor die <a href="/wiki/Tweede_W%C3%AAreldoorlog" title="Tweede Wêreldoorlog">Tweede Wêreldoorlog</a> as trekkerdrywer, en na die oorlog as ekonoom en amptenaar van die Kommunistiese Party gewerk het. Op die ouderdom van veertien jaar het Gorbatsjof in die somer as trekkerdrywer op 'n <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kolchos&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kolchos (bladsy bestaan nie)">kolchos</a> (kommune-plaas) gewerk. </p><p>Hy het in <a href="/wiki/1946" title="1946">1946</a> 'n lid van die <a href="/wiki/Komsomol" title="Komsomol">Komsomol</a> (Kommunistiese Jeugliga) geword en in <a href="/wiki/1950" title="1950">1950</a> by die <a href="/wiki/Moskouse_Staatsuniversiteit" title="Moskouse Staatsuniversiteit">Moskouse Staatsuniversiteit</a> se regsfakulteit begin waar hy Komsomol-sekretaris van die fakulteit was. In <a href="/wiki/1952" title="1952">1952</a> het hy 'n volle lid van die Kommunistiese Party geword en in die volgende drie dekades deur die Kommunistiese range opbeweeg. </p><p>In <a href="/wiki/1956" title="1956">1956</a> het Gorbatsjof met Raisa Titorenko, ’n oudstudent van filosofie aan die <a href="/wiki/Moskouse_Staatsuniversiteit" title="Moskouse Staatsuniversiteit">Moskouse Staatsuniversiteit</a>, getrou. In dieselfde jaar is hul dogter Irina gebore. Raisa, wat intelligent en stylvol was, is positief deur die Weste ontvang en het daarom Gorbatsjof se internasionale beeld verbeter met besoeke aan verskeie belangrike Westerse leiers soos <a href="/wiki/Ronald_Reagan" title="Ronald Reagan">Ronald Reagan</a> en <a href="/wiki/Margaret_Thatcher" title="Margaret Thatcher">Margaret Thatcher</a>. </p><p>Gorbatsjof het in <a href="/wiki/1980" title="1980">1980</a> lid van die Politburo geword en steeds sy mag gekonsolideer. Op <a href="/wiki/11_Maart" title="11 Maart">11 Maart</a> <a href="/wiki/1985" title="1985">1985</a> is hy verkies tot hoofsekretaris van die Sentrale Komitee van die Kommunistiese Party van die Sowjetunie - 'n pos wat hy tot <a href="/wiki/1990" title="1990">1990</a> beklee het toe hy president van die Sowjetunie geword het. Teen <a href="/wiki/1991" title="1991">1991</a> het Gorbatsjof se pogings om die Sowjetunie se politieke stelsel te demokratiseer en sy ekonomie te desentraliseer gelei tot 'n poging tot 'n staatsgreep deur volhardende Kommuniste wat nie van verandering gehou het nie. Die destydse Russiese president, <a href="/wiki/Boris_Jeltsin" title="Boris Jeltsin">Boris Jeltsin</a>, het egter die staatsgreep onderdruk. </p><p>Op <a href="/wiki/Kersdag" class="mw-redirect" title="Kersdag">Kersdag</a> <a href="/wiki/1991" title="1991">1991</a> het Gorbatsjof bedank as president van die USSR, wat onmiddellik daarna ontbind het. In <a href="/wiki/1996" title="1996">1996</a> het hy tot die politiek probeer terugkeer, maar 'n vernietigende nederlaag by die stembusse gely. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Verwysings">Verwysings</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Michail_Gorbatsjof&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Wysig afdeling: Verwysings" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>wysig</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Michail_Gorbatsjof&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section's source code: Verwysings"><span>wysig bron</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="reflist" style="list-style-type: decimal;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-1">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r2205490">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-free a{background-image:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/9px-Lock-green.svg.png");background-image:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg");background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:9px;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-registration a{background-image:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-gray-alt-2.svg.png");background-image:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg");background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:9px;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-subscription a{background-image:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-red-alt-2.svg.png");background-image:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg");background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:9px;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration{color:#555}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription span,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration span{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-image:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/12px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png");background-image:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg");background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:12px;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output code.cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:inherit;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#33aa33;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration,.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}</style><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/peace/laureates/1990/index.html">"The Nobel Peace Prize 1990"</a> (in Engels). Nobelprize.org. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180629072730/https://www.nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/peace/laureates/1990/index.html">Geargiveer</a> vanaf die oorspronklike op 29 Junie 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Besoek op <span class="nowrap">6 Oktober</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Nobel+Peace+Prize+1990&rft.pub=Nobelprize.org&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nobelprize.org%2Fnobel_prizes%2Fpeace%2Flaureates%2F1990%2Findex.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Faf.wikipedia.org%3AMichail+Gorbatsjof" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Verdere_leesstof">Verdere leesstof</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Michail_Gorbatsjof&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Wysig afdeling: Verdere leesstof" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>wysig</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Michail_Gorbatsjof&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section's source code: Verdere leesstof"><span>wysig bron</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Gorbachev, Mikhail. <i>Memoirs</i>. Doubleday (1995). <a href="/wiki/Spesiaal:Boekbronne/0385406681" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 0-385-40668-1</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Eksterne_skakels">Eksterne skakels</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Michail_Gorbatsjof&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Wysig afdeling: Eksterne skakels" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>wysig</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Michail_Gorbatsjof&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section's source code: Eksterne skakels"><span>wysig bron</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.gorby.ru/en/">Die Gorbatsjof-stigting</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://journalisted.com/mikhail-gorbachev">Argief by <i>Journalisted</i></a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20111119045112/http://journalisted.com/mikhail-gorbachev">Geargiveer</a> 19 November 2011 op <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.guardian.co.uk/profile/mikhailgorbachev">Argief by <i>The Guardian</i></a></li></ul> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/L%C3%AAer:Commons-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Wikimedia Commons logo"><img alt="Wikimedia Commons logo" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/12px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/18px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/24px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Wikimedia_Commons" title="Wikimedia Commons">Wikimedia Commons</a> het meer media in die kategorie <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Mikhail_Gorbachev" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Mikhail Gorbachev">Michail Gorbatsjof</a>.</li></ul> <div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Leiers_van_die_Sowjetunie_en_Rusland" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible expanded navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background:#ff4131; color:white;"><div class="plainlinks hlist navbar mini"><ul><li class="nv-lees"><a href="/wiki/Sjabloon:Leiers_SuRu" title="Sjabloon:Leiers SuRu"><abbr title="Lees hierdie sjabloon" style=";background:#ff4131; color:white;;background:none transparent;color:inherit;border:none;-moz-box-shadow:none;-webkit-box-shadow:none;box-shadow:none; padding:0;">l</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-bespreek"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sjabloonbespreking:Leiers_SuRu&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sjabloonbespreking:Leiers SuRu (bladsy bestaan nie)"><abbr title="Bespreek hierdie sjabloon" style=";background:#ff4131; color:white;;background:none transparent;color:inherit;border:none;-moz-box-shadow:none;-webkit-box-shadow:none;box-shadow:none; padding:0;">b</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-wysig"><a class="external text" href="https://af.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Sjabloon:Leiers_SuRu&action=edit"><abbr title="Wysig hierdie sjabloon" style=";background:#ff4131; color:white;;background:none transparent;color:inherit;border:none;-moz-box-shadow:none;-webkit-box-shadow:none;box-shadow:none; padding:0;">w</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Leiers_van_die_Sowjetunie_en_Rusland" class="vcard" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Leiers van die Sowjetunie en Rusland</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:none; text-align:left; vertical-align: top; padding-left: 0.5em; padding-right: 0.5em; text-align: right;"><a href="/wiki/Sowjetunie" title="Sowjetunie">Sowjetunie</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wladimir_Lenin" title="Wladimir Lenin">Wladimir Lenin</a> (<a href="/wiki/1917" title="1917">1917</a>-<a href="/wiki/1924" title="1924">1924</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Josef_Stalin" title="Josef Stalin">Josef Stalin</a> (<a href="/wiki/1924" title="1924">1924</a>-<a href="/wiki/1953" title="1953">1953</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nikita_Chroesjtsjof" title="Nikita Chroesjtsjof">Nikita Chroesjtsjof</a> (<a href="/wiki/1953" title="1953">1953</a>-<a href="/wiki/1964" title="1964">1964</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leonid_Brezjnef" title="Leonid Brezjnef">Leonid Brezjnef</a> (<a href="/wiki/1964" title="1964">1964</a>-<a href="/wiki/1982" title="1982">1982</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joeri_Andropof" title="Joeri Andropof">Joeri Andropof</a> (<a href="/wiki/1982" title="1982">1982</a>-<a href="/wiki/1984" title="1984">1984</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Konstantin_Tsjernenko" title="Konstantin Tsjernenko">Konstantin Tsjernenko</a> (<a href="/wiki/1984" title="1984">1984</a>-<a href="/wiki/1985" title="1985">1985</a>)</li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Michail Gorbatsjof</a> (<a href="/wiki/1985" title="1985">1985</a>-<a href="/wiki/1991" title="1991">1991</a>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:none; text-align:left; vertical-align: top; padding-left: 0.5em; padding-right: 0.5em; text-align: right;"><a href="/wiki/Rusland" title="Rusland">Rusland</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Boris_Jeltsin" title="Boris Jeltsin">Boris Jeltsin</a> (<a href="/wiki/1991" title="1991">1991</a>-<a href="/wiki/1999" title="1999">1999</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wladimir_Poetin" title="Wladimir Poetin">Wladimir Poetin</a> (<a href="/wiki/2000" title="2000">2000</a>-<a href="/wiki/2008" title="2008">2008</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dmitri_Medwedef" title="Dmitri Medwedef">Dmitri Medwedef</a> (2008-2012)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wladimir_Poetin" title="Wladimir Poetin">Wladimir Poetin</a> (2012-hede)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Wenners_van_die_Nobelprys_vir_Vrede" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div class="plainlinks hlist navbar mini"><ul><li class="nv-lees"><a href="/wiki/Sjabloon:Wenners_van_die_Nobelprys_vir_Vrede" title="Sjabloon:Wenners van die Nobelprys vir Vrede"><abbr title="Lees hierdie sjabloon" style=";;background:none transparent;color:inherit;border:none;-moz-box-shadow:none;-webkit-box-shadow:none;box-shadow:none; padding:0;">l</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-bespreek"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sjabloonbespreking:Wenners_van_die_Nobelprys_vir_Vrede&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sjabloonbespreking:Wenners van die Nobelprys vir Vrede (bladsy bestaan nie)"><abbr title="Bespreek hierdie sjabloon" style=";;background:none transparent;color:inherit;border:none;-moz-box-shadow:none;-webkit-box-shadow:none;box-shadow:none; padding:0;">b</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-wysig"><a class="external text" href="https://af.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Sjabloon:Wenners_van_die_Nobelprys_vir_Vrede&action=edit"><abbr title="Wysig hierdie sjabloon" style=";;background:none transparent;color:inherit;border:none;-moz-box-shadow:none;-webkit-box-shadow:none;box-shadow:none; padding:0;">w</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Wenners_van_die_Nobelprys_vir_Vrede" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Wenners van die <a href="/wiki/Nobelprys_vir_Vrede" title="Nobelprys vir Vrede">Nobelprys vir Vrede</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1901–1925</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><span style="font-size:90%;">1901</span> <a href="/wiki/Henri_Dunant" title="Henri Dunant">Henri Dunant</a> / <a href="/w/index.php?title=Fr%C3%A9d%C3%A9ric_Passy&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Frédéric Passy (bladsy bestaan nie)">Frédéric Passy</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:90%;">1902</span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%89lie_Ducommun&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Élie Ducommun (bladsy bestaan nie)">Élie Ducommun</a> / <a href="/w/index.php?title=Charles_Albert_Gobat&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Charles Albert Gobat (bladsy bestaan nie)">Charles Gobat</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:90%;">1903</span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Randal_Cremer&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Randal Cremer (bladsy bestaan nie)">Randal Cremer</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:90%;">1904</span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Institut_de_Droit_International&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Institut de Droit International (bladsy bestaan nie)">Institut de Droit International</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:90%;">1905</span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bertha_von_Suttner&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bertha von Suttner (bladsy bestaan nie)">Bertha von Suttner</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:90%;">1906</span> <a href="/wiki/Theodore_Roosevelt" title="Theodore Roosevelt">Theodore Roosevelt</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:90%;">1907</span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ernesto_Teodoro_Moneta&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ernesto Teodoro Moneta (bladsy bestaan nie)">Ernesto Moneta</a> / <a href="/w/index.php?title=Louis_Renault_(jurist)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Louis Renault (jurist) (bladsy bestaan nie)">Louis Renault</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:90%;">1908</span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Klas_Pontus_Arnoldson&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Klas Pontus Arnoldson (bladsy bestaan nie)">Klas Arnoldson</a> / <a href="/w/index.php?title=Fredrik_Bajer&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Fredrik Bajer (bladsy bestaan nie)">Fredrik Bajer</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:90%;">1909</span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Auguste_Beernaert&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Auguste Beernaert (bladsy bestaan nie)">A. M. F. Beernaert</a> / <a href="/w/index.php?title=Paul-Henri-Benjamin_d%27Estournelles_de_Constant&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Paul-Henri-Benjamin d'Estournelles de Constant (bladsy bestaan nie)">Paul Estournelles de Constant</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:90%;">1910</span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=International_Peace_Bureau&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="International Peace Bureau (bladsy bestaan nie)">International Peace Bureau</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:90%;">1911</span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Tobias_Asser&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tobias Asser (bladsy bestaan nie)">Tobias Asser</a> / <a href="/w/index.php?title=Alfred_Hermann_Fried&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Alfred Hermann Fried (bladsy bestaan nie)">Alfred Fried</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:90%;">1912</span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Elihu_Root&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Elihu Root (bladsy bestaan nie)">Elihu Root</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:90%;">1913</span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Henri_La_Fontaine&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Henri La Fontaine (bladsy bestaan nie)">Henri La Fontaine</a></li> <li><span style="color:darkgrey"><span style="font-size:90%;">1914</span></span></li> <li><span style="color:darkgrey"><span style="font-size:90%;">1915</span></span></li> <li><span style="color:darkgrey"><span style="font-size:90%;">1916</span></span></li> <li><span style="font-size:90%;">1917</span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=International_Committee_of_the_Red_Cross&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="International Committee of the Red Cross (bladsy bestaan nie)">International Committee of the Red Cross</a></li> <li><span style="color:darkgrey"><span style="font-size:90%;">1918</span></span></li> <li><span style="font-size:90%;">1919</span> <a href="/wiki/Woodrow_Wilson" title="Woodrow Wilson">Woodrow Wilson</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:90%;">1920</span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=L%C3%A9on_Bourgeois&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Léon Bourgeois (bladsy bestaan nie)">Léon Bourgeois</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:90%;">1921</span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Hjalmar_Branting&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hjalmar Branting (bladsy bestaan nie)">Hjalmar Branting</a> / <a href="/w/index.php?title=Christian_Lous_Lange&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Christian Lous Lange (bladsy bestaan nie)">Christian Lange</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:90%;">1922</span> <a href="/wiki/Fridtjof_Nansen" title="Fridtjof Nansen">Fridtjof Nansen</a></li> <li><span style="color:darkgrey"><span style="font-size:90%;">1923</span></span></li> <li><span style="color:darkgrey"><span style="font-size:90%;">1924</span></span></li> <li><span style="font-size:90%;">1925</span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Austen_Chamberlain&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Austen Chamberlain (bladsy bestaan nie)">Austen Chamberlain</a> / <a href="/w/index.php?title=Charles_G._Dawes&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Charles G. Dawes (bladsy bestaan nie)">Charles Dawes</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1926–1950</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><span style="font-size:90%;">1926</span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Aristide_Briand&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Aristide Briand (bladsy bestaan nie)">Aristide Briand</a> / <a href="/w/index.php?title=Gustav_Stresemann&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gustav Stresemann (bladsy bestaan nie)">Gustav Stresemann</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:90%;">1927</span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ferdinand_Buisson&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ferdinand Buisson (bladsy bestaan nie)">Ferdinand Buisson</a> / <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ludwig_Quidde&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ludwig Quidde (bladsy bestaan nie)">Ludwig Quidde</a></li> <li><span style="color:darkgrey"><span style="font-size:90%;">1928</span></span></li> <li><span style="font-size:90%;">1929</span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Frank_B._Kellogg&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Frank B. Kellogg (bladsy bestaan nie)">Frank B. Kellogg</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:90%;">1930</span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Nathan_S%C3%B6derblom&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nathan Söderblom (bladsy bestaan nie)">Nathan Söderblom</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:90%;">1931</span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Jane_Addams&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jane Addams (bladsy bestaan nie)">Jane Addams</a> / <a href="/w/index.php?title=Nicholas_Murray_Butler&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nicholas Murray Butler (bladsy bestaan nie)">Nicholas Butler</a></li> <li><span style="color:darkgrey"><span style="font-size:90%;">1932</span></span></li> <li><span style="font-size:90%;">1933</span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Norman_Angell&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Norman Angell (bladsy bestaan nie)">Norman Angell</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:90%;">1934</span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Arthur_Henderson&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Arthur Henderson (bladsy bestaan nie)">Arthur Henderson</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:90%;">1935</span> <a href="/wiki/Carl_von_Ossietzky" title="Carl von Ossietzky">Carl von Ossietzky</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:90%;">1936</span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Carlos_Saavedra_Lamas&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Carlos Saavedra Lamas (bladsy bestaan nie)">Carlos Saavedra Lamas</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:90%;">1937</span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Robert_Cecil,_1st_Viscount_Cecil_of_Chelwood&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Robert Cecil, 1st Viscount Cecil of Chelwood (bladsy bestaan nie)">Robert Cecil</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:90%;">1938</span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Nansen_International_Office_for_Refugees&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nansen International Office for Refugees (bladsy bestaan nie)">Nansen International Office for Refugees</a></li> <li><span style="color:darkgrey"><span style="font-size:90%;">1939</span></span></li> <li><span style="color:darkgrey"><span style="font-size:90%;">1940</span></span></li> <li><span style="color:darkgrey"><span style="font-size:90%;">1941</span></span></li> <li><span style="color:darkgrey"><span style="font-size:90%;">1942</span></span></li> <li><span style="color:darkgrey"><span style="font-size:90%;">1943</span></span></li> <li><span style="font-size:90%;">1944</span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=International_Committee_of_the_Red_Cross&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="International Committee of the Red Cross (bladsy bestaan nie)">International Committee of the Red Cross</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:90%;">1945</span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Cordell_Hull&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Cordell Hull (bladsy bestaan nie)">Cordell Hull</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:90%;">1946</span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Emily_Greene_Balch&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Emily Greene Balch (bladsy bestaan nie)">Emily Balch</a> / <a href="/w/index.php?title=John_Mott&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="John Mott (bladsy bestaan nie)">John Mott</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:90%;">1947</span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Quaker_Peace_and_Social_Witness&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Quaker Peace and Social Witness (bladsy bestaan nie)">Friends Service Council</a> / <a href="/w/index.php?title=American_Friends_Service_Committee&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="American Friends Service Committee (bladsy bestaan nie)">American Friends Service Committee</a></li> <li><span style="color:darkgrey"><span style="font-size:90%;">1948</span></span></li> <li><span style="font-size:90%;">1949</span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=John_Boyd_Orr,_1st_Baron_Boyd-Orr&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="John Boyd Orr, 1st Baron Boyd-Orr (bladsy bestaan nie)">John Boyd Orr</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:90%;">1950</span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ralph_Bunche&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ralph Bunche (bladsy bestaan nie)">Ralph Bunche</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1951–1975</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><span style="font-size:90%;">1951</span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=L%C3%A9on_Jouhaux&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Léon Jouhaux (bladsy bestaan nie)">Léon Jouhaux</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:90%;">1952</span> <a href="/wiki/Albert_Schweitzer" title="Albert Schweitzer">Albert Schweitzer</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:90%;">1953</span> <a href="/wiki/George_Marshall" class="mw-redirect" title="George Marshall">George Marshall</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:90%;">1954</span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ho%C3%AB_kommissaris_van_die_Verenigde_Nasies_vir_vlugtelinge&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hoë kommissaris van die Verenigde Nasies vir vlugtelinge (bladsy bestaan nie)">VN-hoë kommissaris vir vlugtelinge</a></li> <li><span style="color:darkgrey"><span style="font-size:90%;">1955</span></span></li> <li><span style="color:darkgrey"><span style="font-size:90%;">1956</span></span></li> <li><span style="font-size:90%;">1957</span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Lester_B._Pearson&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lester B. Pearson (bladsy bestaan nie)">Lester B. Pearson</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:90%;">1958</span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Dominique_Pire&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dominique Pire (bladsy bestaan nie)">Georges Pire</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:90%;">1959</span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Philip_Noel-Baker&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Philip Noel-Baker (bladsy bestaan nie)">Philip Noel-Baker</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:90%;">1960</span> <a href="/wiki/Albert_Luthuli" title="Albert Luthuli">Albert Luthuli</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:90%;">1961</span> <a href="/wiki/Dag_Hammarskj%C3%B6ld" title="Dag Hammarskjöld">Dag Hammarskjöld</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:90%;">1962</span> <a href="/wiki/Linus_Pauling" title="Linus Pauling">Linus Pauling</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:90%;">1963</span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Internasionale_Komitee_van_die_Rooi_Kruis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Internasionale Komitee van die Rooi Kruis (bladsy bestaan nie)">Internasionale Komitee van die Rooi Kruis</a> / <a href="/w/index.php?title=Internasionale_Federasie_van_Rooi_Kruis-_en_Halfmaanverenigings&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Internasionale Federasie van Rooi Kruis- en Halfmaanverenigings (bladsy bestaan nie)">Federasie van Rooi Kruis-verenigings</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:90%;">1964</span> <a href="/wiki/Martin_Luther_King_jr." title="Martin Luther King jr.">Martin Luther King jr.</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:90%;">1965</span> <a href="/wiki/UNICEF" title="UNICEF">UNICEF</a></li> <li><span style="color:darkgrey"><span style="font-size:90%;">1966</span></span></li> <li><span style="color:darkgrey"><span style="font-size:90%;">1967</span></span></li> <li><span style="font-size:90%;">1968</span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ren%C3%A9_Cassin&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="René Cassin (bladsy bestaan nie)">René Cassin</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:90%;">1969</span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Internasionale_Arbeidsorganisasie&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Internasionale Arbeidsorganisasie (bladsy bestaan nie)">Internasionale Arbeidsorganisasie</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:90%;">1970</span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Norman_Borlaug&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Norman Borlaug (bladsy bestaan nie)">Norman Borlaug</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:90%;">1971</span> <a href="/wiki/Willy_Brandt" title="Willy Brandt">Willy Brandt</a></li> <li><span style="color:darkgrey"><span style="font-size:90%;">1972</span></span></li> <li><span style="font-size:90%;">1973</span> <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=L%C3%AA_%C4%90%E1%BB%A9c_Th%E1%BB%8D&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lê Đức Thọ (bladsy bestaan nie)">Lê Đức Thọ</a> <small>(declined award)</small></i> / <a href="/wiki/Henry_Kissinger" title="Henry Kissinger">Henry Kissinger</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:90%;">1974</span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Se%C3%A1n_MacBride&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Seán MacBride (bladsy bestaan nie)">Seán MacBride</a> / <a href="/wiki/Eisaku_Sat%C5%8D" title="Eisaku Satō">Eisaku Satō</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:90%;">1975</span> <a href="/wiki/Andrei_Sakharov" class="mw-redirect" title="Andrei Sakharov">Andrei Sakharov</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1976–2000</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><span style="font-size:90%;">1976</span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Betty_Williams_(Nobelpryswenner)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Betty Williams (Nobelpryswenner) (bladsy bestaan nie)">Betty Williams</a> / <a href="/w/index.php?title=Mairead_Maguire&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mairead Maguire (bladsy bestaan nie)">Mairead Corrigan</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:90%;">1977</span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Amnesty_International&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Amnesty International (bladsy bestaan nie)">Amnesty International</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:90%;">1978</span> <a href="/wiki/Anwar_Sadat" title="Anwar Sadat">Anwar Sadat</a> / <a href="/wiki/Menachem_Begin" title="Menachem Begin">Menachem Begin</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:90%;">1979</span> <a href="/wiki/Moeder_Teresa" title="Moeder Teresa">Moeder Teresa</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:90%;">1980</span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Adolfo_P%C3%A9rez_Esquivel&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Adolfo Pérez Esquivel (bladsy bestaan nie)">Adolfo Pérez Esquivel</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:90%;">1981</span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=United_Nations_High_Commissioner_for_Refugees&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (bladsy bestaan nie)">United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:90%;">1982</span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Alva_Myrdal&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Alva Myrdal (bladsy bestaan nie)">Alva Myrdal</a> / <a href="/w/index.php?title=Alfonso_Garc%C3%ADa_Robles&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Alfonso García Robles (bladsy bestaan nie)">Alfonso García Robles</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:90%;">1983</span> <a href="/wiki/Lech_Wa%C5%82%C4%99sa" title="Lech Wałęsa">Lech Wałęsa</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:90%;">1984</span> <a href="/wiki/Desmond_Tutu" title="Desmond Tutu">Desmond Tutu</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:90%;">1985</span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=International_Physicians_for_the_Prevention_of_Nuclear_War&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="International Physicians for the Prevention of Nuclear War (bladsy bestaan nie)">International Physicians for the Prevention of Nuclear War</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:90%;">1986</span> <a href="/wiki/Elie_Wiesel" title="Elie Wiesel">Elie Wiesel</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:90%;">1987</span> <a href="/wiki/%C3%93scar_Arias" title="Óscar Arias">Óscar Arias</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:90%;">1988</span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Verenigde_Nasies-vredesmag&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Verenigde Nasies-vredesmag (bladsy bestaan nie)">VN-vredesmagte</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:90%;">1989</span> <a href="/wiki/Tenzin_Gyatso" title="Tenzin Gyatso">Tenzin Gyatso <small>(14de Dalai Lama)</small></a></li> <li><span style="font-size:90%;">1990</span> <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Michail Gorbatsjof</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:90%;">1991</span> <a href="/wiki/Aung_San_Suu_Kyi" title="Aung San Suu Kyi">Aung San Suu Kyi</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:90%;">1992</span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Rigoberta_Mench%C3%BA&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Rigoberta Menchú (bladsy bestaan nie)">Rigoberta Menchú</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:90%;">1993</span> <a href="/wiki/Nelson_Mandela" title="Nelson Mandela">Nelson Mandela</a> / <a href="/wiki/F._W._de_Klerk" class="mw-redirect" title="F. W. de Klerk">F. W. de Klerk</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:90%;">1994</span> <a href="/wiki/Shimon_Peres" title="Shimon Peres">Shimon Peres</a> / <a href="/wiki/Yitzhak_Rabin" title="Yitzhak Rabin">Yitzhak Rabin</a> / <a href="/wiki/Jasser_Arafat" title="Jasser Arafat">Jasser Arafat</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:90%;">1995</span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Pugwash_Conferences_on_Science_and_World_Affairs&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pugwash Conferences on Science and World Affairs (bladsy bestaan nie)">Pugwash Conferences</a> / <a href="/w/index.php?title=Joseph_Rotblat&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Joseph Rotblat (bladsy bestaan nie)">Joseph Rotblat</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:90%;">1996</span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Carlos_Filipe_Ximenes_Belo&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Carlos Filipe Ximenes Belo (bladsy bestaan nie)">Carlos Belo</a> / <a href="/w/index.php?title=Jos%C3%A9_Ramos-Horta&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="José Ramos-Horta (bladsy bestaan nie)">José Ramos-Horta</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:90%;">1997</span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=International_Campaign_to_Ban_Landmines&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="International Campaign to Ban Landmines (bladsy bestaan nie)">International Campaign to Ban Landmines</a> / <a href="/w/index.php?title=Jody_Williams&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jody Williams (bladsy bestaan nie)">Jody Williams</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:90%;">1998</span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=John_Hume&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="John Hume (bladsy bestaan nie)">John Hume</a> / <a href="/w/index.php?title=David_Trimble&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="David Trimble (bladsy bestaan nie)">David Trimble</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:90%;">1999</span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=M%C3%A9decins_Sans_Fronti%C3%A8res&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Médecins Sans Frontières (bladsy bestaan nie)">Médecins Sans Frontières</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:90%;">2000</span> <a href="/wiki/Kim_Dae-jung" title="Kim Dae-jung">Kim Dae-jung</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">2001-hede</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><span style="font-size:90%;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nobelprys_vir_Vrede_van_2001&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nobelprys vir Vrede van 2001 (bladsy bestaan nie)">2001</a></span> <a href="/wiki/Verenigde_Nasies" title="Verenigde Nasies">Verenigde Nasies</a> / <a href="/wiki/Kofi_Annan" title="Kofi Annan">Kofi Annan</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:90%;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nobelprys_vir_Vrede_van_2002&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nobelprys vir Vrede van 2002 (bladsy bestaan nie)">2002</a></span> <a href="/wiki/Jimmy_Carter" title="Jimmy Carter">Jimmy Carter</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:90%;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nobelprys_vir_Vrede_van_2003&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nobelprys vir Vrede van 2003 (bladsy bestaan nie)">2003</a></span> <a href="/wiki/Shirin_Ebadi" title="Shirin Ebadi">Shirin Ebadi</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:90%;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nobelprys_vir_Vrede_van_2004&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nobelprys vir Vrede van 2004 (bladsy bestaan nie)">2004</a></span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Wangari_Maathai&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wangari Maathai (bladsy bestaan nie)">Wangari Maathai</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:90%;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nobelprys_vir_Vrede_van_2005&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nobelprys vir Vrede van 2005 (bladsy bestaan nie)">2005</a></span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=International_Atomic_Energy_Agency&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="International Atomic Energy Agency (bladsy bestaan nie)">International Atomic Energy Agency</a> / <a href="/w/index.php?title=Mohamed_ElBaradei&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mohamed ElBaradei (bladsy bestaan nie)">Mohamed ElBaradei</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:90%;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nobelprys_vir_Vrede_van_2006&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nobelprys vir Vrede van 2006 (bladsy bestaan nie)">2006</a></span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Grameen_Bank&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Grameen Bank (bladsy bestaan nie)">Grameen Bank</a> / <a href="/wiki/Muhammad_Yunus" title="Muhammad Yunus">Muhammad Yunus</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:90%;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nobelprys_vir_Vrede_van_2007&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nobelprys vir Vrede van 2007 (bladsy bestaan nie)">2007</a></span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Al_Gore&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Al Gore (bladsy bestaan nie)">Al Gore</a> / <a href="/wiki/Interregeringspaneel_oor_klimaatverandering" title="Interregeringspaneel oor klimaatverandering">Interregeringspaneel oor klimaatverandering</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:90%;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nobelprys_vir_Vrede_van_2008&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nobelprys vir Vrede van 2008 (bladsy bestaan nie)">2008</a></span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Martti_Ahtisaari&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Martti Ahtisaari (bladsy bestaan nie)">Martti Ahtisaari</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:90%;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nobelprys_vir_Vrede_van_2009&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nobelprys vir Vrede van 2009 (bladsy bestaan nie)">2009</a></span> <a href="/wiki/Barack_Obama" title="Barack Obama">Barack Obama</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:90%;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nobelprys_vir_Vrede_van_2010&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nobelprys vir Vrede van 2010 (bladsy bestaan nie)">2010</a></span> <a href="/wiki/Liu_Xiaobo" title="Liu Xiaobo">Liu Xiaobo</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:90%;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nobelprys_vir_Vrede_van_2011&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nobelprys vir Vrede van 2011 (bladsy bestaan nie)">2011</a></span> <a href="/wiki/Ellen_Johnson_Sirleaf" title="Ellen Johnson Sirleaf">Ellen Johnson Sirleaf</a> / <a href="/w/index.php?title=Leymah_Gbowee&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Leymah Gbowee (bladsy bestaan nie)">Leymah Gbowee</a> / <a href="/w/index.php?title=Tawakkol_Karman&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tawakkol Karman (bladsy bestaan nie)">Tawakkol Karman</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:90%;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nobelprys_vir_Vrede_van_2012&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nobelprys vir Vrede van 2012 (bladsy bestaan nie)">2012</a></span> <a href="/wiki/Europese_Unie" title="Europese Unie">Europese Unie</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:90%;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nobelprys_vir_Vrede_van_2013&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nobelprys vir Vrede van 2013 (bladsy bestaan nie)">2013</a></span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Organisation_for_the_Prohibition_of_Chemical_Weapons&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Organisation for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons (bladsy bestaan nie)">Organisation for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:90%;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nobelprys_vir_Vrede_van_2014&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nobelprys vir Vrede van 2014 (bladsy bestaan nie)">2014</a></span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kailash_Satyarthi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kailash Satyarthi (bladsy bestaan nie)">Kailash Satyarthi</a> / <a href="/wiki/Malala_Yousafzai" title="Malala Yousafzai">Malala Yousafzai</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:90%;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nobelprys_vir_Vrede_van_2015&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nobelprys vir Vrede van 2015 (bladsy bestaan nie)">2015</a></span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Tunisian_National_Dialogue_Quartet&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tunisian National Dialogue Quartet (bladsy bestaan nie)">Tunisian National Dialogue Quartet</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:90%;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nobelprys_vir_Vrede_van_2016&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nobelprys vir Vrede van 2016 (bladsy bestaan nie)">2016</a></span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Juan_Manuel_Santos&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Juan Manuel Santos (bladsy bestaan nie)">Juan Manuel Santos</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:90%;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nobelprys_vir_Vrede_van_2017&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nobelprys vir Vrede van 2017 (bladsy bestaan nie)">2017</a></span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Internasionale_Veldtog_vir_die_Afskaffing_van_Kernwapens&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Internasionale Veldtog vir die Afskaffing van Kernwapens (bladsy bestaan nie)">Internasionale Veldtog vir die Afskaffing van Kernwapens</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:90%;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nobelprys_vir_Vrede_van_2018&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nobelprys vir Vrede van 2018 (bladsy bestaan nie)">2018</a></span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Denis_Mukwege&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Denis Mukwege (bladsy bestaan nie)">Denis Mukwege</a> / <a href="/w/index.php?title=Nadia_Murad&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nadia Murad (bladsy bestaan nie)">Nadia Murad</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:90%;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nobelprys_vir_Vrede_van_2019&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nobelprys vir Vrede van 2019 (bladsy bestaan nie)">2019</a></span> <a href="/wiki/Abiy_Ahmed" title="Abiy Ahmed">Abiy Ahmed</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:90%;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nobelprys_vir_Vrede_van_2020&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nobelprys vir Vrede van 2020 (bladsy bestaan nie)">2020</a></span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=W%C3%AAreldvoedselprogram&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wêreldvoedselprogram (bladsy bestaan nie)">Wêreldvoedselprogram</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:90%;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nobelprys_vir_Vrede_van_2021&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nobelprys vir Vrede van 2021 (bladsy bestaan nie)">2021</a></span> <a href="/wiki/Maria_Ressa" title="Maria Ressa">Maria Ressa</a> / <a href="/wiki/Dmitri_Moeratof" title="Dmitri Moeratof">Dmitri Moeratof</a> / <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ales_Bialiatski&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ales Bialiatski (bladsy bestaan nie)">Ales Bialiatski</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:90%;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nobelprys_vir_Vrede_van_2022&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nobelprys vir Vrede van 2022 (bladsy bestaan nie)">2022</a></span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Memorial&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Memorial (bladsy bestaan nie)">Memorial</a> / <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sentrum_vir_Burgerlike_Vryhede&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sentrum vir Burgerlike Vryhede (bladsy bestaan nie)">Sentrum vir Burgerlike Vryhede</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:90%;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nobelprys_vir_Vrede_van_2023&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nobelprys vir Vrede van 2023 (bladsy bestaan nie)">2023</a></span> <a href="/wiki/Narges_Mohammadi" title="Narges Mohammadi">Narges Mohammadi</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:90%;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nobelprys_vir_Vrede_van_2024&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nobelprys vir Vrede van 2024 (bladsy bestaan nie)">2024</a></span> <a href="/wiki/Nihon_Hidankyo" title="Nihon Hidankyo">Nihon Hidankyo</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Time-persone_van_die_jaar" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" 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Young">Owen D. Young</a> (1929)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Mahatma_Gandhi" title="Mahatma Gandhi">Mohandas Gandhi</a> (1930)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Pierre_Laval" title="Pierre Laval">Pierre Laval</a> (1931)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Franklin_D._Roosevelt" title="Franklin D. Roosevelt">Franklin D. Roosevelt</a> (1932)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Hugh_S._Johnson" title="Hugh S. Johnson">Hugh S. Johnson</a> (1933)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Franklin_D._Roosevelt" title="Franklin D. Roosevelt">Franklin D. Roosevelt</a> (1934)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Haile_Selassie" title="Haile Selassie">Haile Selassie</a> (1935)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Wallis_Simpson" title="Wallis Simpson">Wallis Simpson</a> (1936)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Chiang_Kai-shek" title="Chiang Kai-shek">Chiang Kai-shek</a> / <a href="/wiki/Soong_Mei-ling" title="Soong Mei-ling">Soong Mei-ling</a> (1937)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Adolf_Hitler" title="Adolf Hitler">Adolf Hitler</a> (1938)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Josef_Stalin" title="Josef Stalin">Josef Stalin</a> (1939)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Winston_Churchill" title="Winston Churchill">Winston Churchill</a> (1940)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Franklin_D._Roosevelt" title="Franklin D. Roosevelt">Franklin D. Roosevelt</a> (1941)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Josef_Stalin" title="Josef Stalin">Josef Stalin</a> (1942)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/George_Marshall" class="mw-redirect" title="George Marshall">George Marshall</a> (1943)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Dwight_D._Eisenhower" title="Dwight D. Eisenhower">Dwight D. Eisenhower</a> (1944)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Harry_S._Truman" title="Harry S. Truman">Harry S. Truman</a> (1945)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/James_F._Byrnes" title="James F. Byrnes">James F. Byrnes</a> (1946)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/George_Marshall" class="mw-redirect" title="George Marshall">George Marshall</a> (1947)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Harry_S._Truman" title="Harry S. Truman">Harry S. Truman</a> (1948)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Winston_Churchill" title="Winston Churchill">Winston Churchill</a> (1949)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Korea-oorlog" title="Korea-oorlog">Die Amerikaanse soldaat</a> (1950)</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1951–1975</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Mohammad_Mossadegh" title="Mohammad Mossadegh">Mohammad Mossadegh</a> (1951)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Elizabeth_II_van_die_Verenigde_Koninkryk" title="Elizabeth II van die Verenigde Koninkryk">Elizabeth II</a> (1952)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Konrad_Adenauer" title="Konrad Adenauer">Konrad Adenauer</a> (1953)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/John_Foster_Dulles" title="John Foster Dulles">John Foster Dulles</a> (1954)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Harlow_Curtice" title="Harlow Curtice">Harlow Curtice</a> (1955)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Hongaarse_Rewolusie_van_1956" title="Hongaarse Rewolusie van 1956">Hongaarse vryheidsvegters</a> (1956)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Nikita_Chroesjtsjof" title="Nikita Chroesjtsjof">Nikita Chroesjtsjof</a> (1957)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Charles_de_Gaulle" title="Charles de Gaulle">Charles de Gaulle</a> (1958)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Dwight_D._Eisenhower" title="Dwight D. Eisenhower">Dwight D. Eisenhower</a> (1959)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="wrap"> Amerikaanse wetenskaplikes: <a href="/wiki/George_Beadle" title="George Beadle">George Beadle</a> / <a href="/w/index.php?title=Charles_Stark_Draper&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Charles Stark Draper (bladsy bestaan nie)">Charles Draper</a> / <a href="/w/index.php?title=John_Franklin_Enders&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="John Franklin Enders (bladsy bestaan nie)">John Enders</a> / <a href="/w/index.php?title=Donald_A._Glaser&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Donald A. Glaser (bladsy bestaan nie)">Donald A. Glaser</a> / <a href="/w/index.php?title=Joshua_Lederberg&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Joshua Lederberg (bladsy bestaan nie)">Joshua Lederberg</a> / <a href="/w/index.php?title=Willard_Libby&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Willard Libby (bladsy bestaan nie)">Willard Libby</a> / <a href="/wiki/Linus_Pauling" title="Linus Pauling">Linus Pauling</a> / <a href="/w/index.php?title=Edward_Mills_Purcell&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Edward Mills Purcell (bladsy bestaan nie)">Edward Purcell</a> / <a href="/w/index.php?title=Isidor_Isaac_Rabi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Isidor Isaac Rabi (bladsy bestaan nie)">Isidor Rabi</a> / <a href="/w/index.php?title=Emilio_Segr%C3%A8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Emilio Segrè (bladsy bestaan nie)">Emilio Segrè</a> / <a href="/wiki/William_Shockley" title="William Shockley">William Shockley</a> / <a href="/wiki/Edward_Teller" title="Edward Teller">Edward Teller</a> / <a href="/w/index.php?title=Charles_H._Townes&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Charles H. Townes (bladsy bestaan nie)">Charles Townes</a> / <a href="/wiki/James_van_Allen" title="James van Allen">James van Allen</a> / <a href="/w/index.php?title=Robert_Burns_Woodward&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Robert Burns Woodward (bladsy bestaan nie)">Robert Woodward</a> </span> (1960)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/John_F._Kennedy" title="John F. Kennedy">John F. Kennedy</a> (1961)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Pous_Johannes_XXIII" title="Pous Johannes XXIII">Pous Johannes XXIII</a> (1962)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Martin_Luther_King_jr." title="Martin Luther King jr.">Martin Luther King jr.</a> (1963)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Lyndon_B._Johnson" title="Lyndon B. Johnson">Lyndon B. Johnson</a> (1964)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=William_Westmoreland&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="William Westmoreland (bladsy bestaan nie)">William Westmoreland</a> (1965)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Baby_boomers&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Baby boomers (bladsy bestaan nie)">Die Generasie onder vyf-en-twintig</a> (1966)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Lyndon_B._Johnson" title="Lyndon B. Johnson">Lyndon B. Johnson</a> (1967)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="wrap"> <a href="/wiki/Apollo_8" title="Apollo 8">Die ruimtevaarders van Apollo 8</a>: <a href="/wiki/William_Anders" title="William Anders">William Anders</a> / <a href="/wiki/Frank_Borman" title="Frank Borman">Frank Borman</a> / <a href="/wiki/Jim_Lovell" title="Jim Lovell">Jim Lovell</a> </span> (1968)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Middel-Amerika_(Verenigde_State)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Middel-Amerika (Verenigde State) (bladsy bestaan nie)">Die Middel-Amerikaners</a> (1969)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Willy_Brandt" title="Willy Brandt">Willy Brandt</a> (1970)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Richard_Nixon" title="Richard Nixon">Richard Nixon</a> (1971)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Henry_Kissinger" title="Henry Kissinger">Henry Kissinger</a> / <a href="/wiki/Richard_Nixon" title="Richard Nixon">Richard Nixon</a> (1972)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=John_Sirica&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="John Sirica (bladsy bestaan nie)">John Sirica</a> (1973)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Faisal_van_Saoedi-Arabi%C3%AB" title="Faisal van Saoedi-Arabië">Koning Faisal</a> (1974)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="wrap"> Amerikaanse vroue: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Susan_Brownmiller&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Susan Brownmiller (bladsy bestaan nie)">Susan Brownmiller</a> / <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kathleen_Byerly&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kathleen Byerly (bladsy bestaan nie)">Kathleen Byerly</a> / <a href="/w/index.php?title=Alison_Cheek&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Alison Cheek (bladsy bestaan nie)">Alison Cheek</a> / <a href="/w/index.php?title=Jill_Ker_Conway&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jill Ker Conway (bladsy bestaan nie)">Jill Conway</a> / <a href="/wiki/Betty_Ford" title="Betty Ford">Betty Ford</a> / <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ella_T._Grasso&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ella T. Grasso (bladsy bestaan nie)">Ella Grasso</a> / <a href="/w/index.php?title=Carla_Anderson_Hills&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Carla Anderson Hills (bladsy bestaan nie)">Carla Hills</a> / <a href="/w/index.php?title=Barbara_Jordan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Barbara Jordan (bladsy bestaan nie)">Barbara Jordan</a> / <a href="/w/index.php?title=Billie_Jean_King&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Billie Jean King (bladsy bestaan nie)">Billie Jean King</a> / <a href="/w/index.php?title=Susie_Sharp&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Susie Sharp (bladsy bestaan nie)">Susie Sharp</a> / <a href="/w/index.php?title=Carol_Sutton&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Carol Sutton (bladsy bestaan nie)">Carol Sutton</a> / <a href="/w/index.php?title=Addie_L._Wyatt&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Addie L. Wyatt (bladsy bestaan nie)">Addie Wyatt</a> </span> (1975)</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1976–2000</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Jimmy_Carter" title="Jimmy Carter">Jimmy Carter</a> (1976)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Anwar_Sadat" title="Anwar Sadat">Anwar Sadat</a> (1977)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Deng_Xiaoping" title="Deng Xiaoping">Deng Xiaoping</a> (1978)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Ruhollah_Khomeini" class="mw-redirect" title="Ruhollah Khomeini">Ajatollah Khomeini</a> (1979)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Ronald_Reagan" title="Ronald Reagan">Ronald Reagan</a> (1980)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Lech_Wa%C5%82%C4%99sa" title="Lech Wałęsa">Lech Wałęsa</a> (1981)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Persoonlike_rekenaar" title="Persoonlike rekenaar">Die rekenaar</a> (1982)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Ronald_Reagan" title="Ronald Reagan">Ronald Reagan</a> / <a href="/wiki/Joeri_Andropof" title="Joeri Andropof">Joeri Andropof</a> (1983)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Peter_Ueberroth" title="Peter Ueberroth">Peter Ueberroth</a> (1984)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Deng_Xiaoping" title="Deng Xiaoping">Deng Xiaoping</a> (1985)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Corazon_Aquino" title="Corazon Aquino">Corazon Aquino</a> (1986)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Michail Gorbatsjof</a> (1987)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Omgewingsbewustheid" title="Omgewingsbewustheid">Die bedreigde area</a> (1988)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Michail Gorbatsjof</a> (1989)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/George_H.W._Bush" title="George H.W. Bush">George H.W. Bush</a> (1990)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Ted_Turner" title="Ted Turner">Ted Turner</a> (1991)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Bill_Clinton" title="Bill Clinton">Bill Clinton</a> (1992)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="wrap"> Die vredemakers: <a href="/wiki/Jasser_Arafat" title="Jasser Arafat">Jasser Arafat</a> / <a href="/wiki/Frederik_Willem_de_Klerk" title="Frederik Willem de Klerk">F. W. de Klerk</a> / <a href="/wiki/Nelson_Mandela" title="Nelson Mandela">Nelson Mandela</a> / <a href="/wiki/Yitzhak_Rabin" title="Yitzhak Rabin">Yitzhak Rabin</a> </span> (1993)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Pous_Johannes_Paulus_II" title="Pous Johannes Paulus II">Pous Johannes Paulus II</a> (1994)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Newt_Gingrich" title="Newt Gingrich">Newt Gingrich</a> (1995)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/David_Ho" title="David Ho">David Ho</a> (1996)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Andrew_Grove" title="Andrew Grove">Andrew Grove</a> (1997)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Bill_Clinton" title="Bill Clinton">Bill Clinton</a> / <a href="/wiki/Ken_Starr" title="Ken Starr">Ken Starr</a> (1998)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Jeff_Bezos" title="Jeff Bezos">Jeffrey P. Bezos</a> (1999)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/George_W._Bush" title="George W. Bush">George W. Bush</a> (2000)</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">2001–hede</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Rudy_Giuliani" title="Rudy Giuliani">Rudolph Giuliani</a> (2001)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="wrap"> Die fluitjieblasers: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Cynthia_Cooper_(rekeningkundige)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Cynthia Cooper (rekeningkundige) (bladsy bestaan nie)">Cynthia Cooper</a> / <a href="/w/index.php?title=Coleen_Rowley&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Coleen Rowley (bladsy bestaan nie)">Coleen Rowley</a> / <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sherron_Watkins&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sherron Watkins (bladsy bestaan nie)">Sherron Watkins</a> </span> (2002)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Irakse_Oorlog" title="Irakse Oorlog">Die Amerikaanse soldaat</a> (2003)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/George_W._Bush" title="George W. Bush">George W. Bush</a> (2004)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="wrap"> Die Goeie Samaritane: <a href="/wiki/Bono" title="Bono">Bono</a> / <a href="/wiki/Bill_Gates" title="Bill Gates">Bill Gates</a> / <a href="/wiki/Melinda_Gates" title="Melinda Gates">Melinda Gates</a> </span> (2005)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=U_(Time-persoon_van_die_jaar)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="U (Time-persoon van die jaar) (bladsy bestaan nie)">U</a> (2006)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Wladimir_Poetin" title="Wladimir Poetin">Wladimir Poetin</a> (2007)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Barack_Obama" title="Barack Obama">Barack Obama</a> (2008)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Ben_Bernanke" title="Ben Bernanke">Ben Bernanke</a> (2009)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Mark_Zuckerberg" title="Mark Zuckerberg">Mark Zuckerberg</a> (2010)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Betoging&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Betoging (bladsy bestaan nie)">Die Betoger</a> (2011)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Barack_Obama" title="Barack Obama">Barack Obama</a> (2012)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Pous_Franciskus" title="Pous Franciskus">Pous Franciskus</a> (2013)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">Ebola-vegters: Dr. Jerry Brown / Dr. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kent_Brantly&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kent Brantly (bladsy bestaan nie)">Kent Brantly</a> / Ella Watson-Stryker / Foday Gollah / <a href="/w/index.php?title=Salome_Karwah&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Salome Karwah (bladsy bestaan nie)">Salome Karwah</a> (2014)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Angela_Merkel" title="Angela Merkel">Angela Merkel</a> (2015)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Donald_Trump" title="Donald Trump">Donald Trump</a> (2016)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">"#Me Too"-beweging (2017)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">Die voogde: <a href="/wiki/Jamal_Khashoggi" title="Jamal Khashoggi">Jamal Khashoggi</a> / <a href="/wiki/Maria_Ressa" title="Maria Ressa">Maria Ressa</a> / <a href="/w/index.php?title=Wa_Lone&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wa Lone (bladsy bestaan nie)">Wa Lone</a> en <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kyaw_Soe_Oo&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kyaw Soe Oo (bladsy bestaan nie)">Kyaw Soe Oo</a> / Werknemers van <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=The_Capital&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="The Capital (bladsy bestaan nie)">The Capital</a></i> (2018)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Greta_Thunberg" title="Greta Thunberg">Greta Thunberg</a> (2019)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Joe_Biden" title="Joe Biden">Joe Biden</a> en <a href="/wiki/Kamala_Harris" title="Kamala Harris">Kamala Harris</a> (2020)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Elon_Musk" title="Elon Musk">Elon Musk</a> (2021) </span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Wolodimir_Zelenski" title="Wolodimir Zelenski">Wolodimir Zelenski</a> (2022) / <a href="/wiki/Oekra%C3%AFners" title="Oekraïners">Gees van Oekraïne</a> (2022)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Taylor_Swift" title="Taylor Swift">Taylor Swift</a> (2023)</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Wikipedia book"><img alt="Wikipedia book" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Symbol_book_class2.svg/16px-Symbol_book_class2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Symbol_book_class2.svg/23px-Symbol_book_class2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Symbol_book_class2.svg/31px-Symbol_book_class2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Boek:Time-persoon_van_die_jaar&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Boek:Time-persoon van die jaar (bladsy bestaan nie)">Boek</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Normdata_frameless_&#124;text-top_&#124;10px_&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata_&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30487&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th id="Normdata_frameless_&#124;text-top_&#124;10px_&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata_&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30487&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Hulp:Normdata" title="Hulp:Normdata">Normdata</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30487" title="Edit this at 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href="/w/index.php?title=Biblioteca_Nacional_de_Chile&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Biblioteca Nacional de Chile (bladsy bestaan nie)">BNC</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.bncatalogo.cl/F?func=direct&local_base=red10&doc_number=000043928">000043928</a></span></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Biblioteca_Nacional_de_Espa%C3%B1a" class="mw-redirect" title="Biblioteca Nacional de España">BNE</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://catalogo.bne.es/uhtbin/authoritybrowse.cgi?action=display&authority_id=XX882424">XX882424</a></span></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Biblioth%C3%A8que_nationale_de_France" title="Bibliothèque nationale de France">BNF</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb12002384m">cb12002384m</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb12002384m">(data)</a></span></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Name_and_Title_Authority_File_of_Catalonia" title="Name and Title Authority File of Catalonia">CANTIC</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://cantic.bnc.cat/registres/CUCId/a10233696">a10233696</a></span></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/CiNii" title="CiNii">CiNii</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ci.nii.ac.jp/author/DA00844308?l=en">DA00844308</a></span></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Gemeinsame_Normdatei" title="Gemeinsame Normdatei">GND</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/11874660X">11874660X</a></span></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/IMDb" class="mw-redirect" title="IMDb">IMDb</a>: <span class="uid"><a class="external text" href="https://wikidata-externalid-url.toolforge.org/?p=345&url_prefix=https://www.imdb.com/&id=nm0329784">nm0329784</a></span></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Name_Identifier" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Name Identifier">ISNI</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://isni.org/isni/0000000120966951">0000 0001 2096 6951</a></span></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Library_of_Congress_Control_Number" title="Library of Congress Control Number">LCCN</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/names/n85050740">n85050740</a></span></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/National_Library_of_Latvia" class="mw-redirect" title="National Library of Latvia">LNB</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://kopkatalogs.lv/F?func=direct&local_base=lnc10&doc_number=000027559&P_CON_LNG=ENG">000027559</a></span></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/MusicBrainz" title="MusicBrainz">MusicBrainz</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://musicbrainz.org/artist/4cf28e5c-a148-42d3-802f-d0f6f4033086">4cf28e5c-a148-42d3-802f-d0f6f4033086</a></span></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/National_Archives_and_Records_Administration" title="National Archives and Records Administration">NARA</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalog.archives.gov/id/10611567">10611567</a></span></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/National_Diet_Library" class="mw-redirect" title="National Diet Library">NDL</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.ndl.go.jp/auth/ndlna/00441310">00441310</a></span></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/National_Library_of_the_Czech_Republic" class="mw-redirect" title="National Library of the Czech Republic">NKC</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=jn19990210249&CON_LNG=ENG">jn19990210249</a></span></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/National_Library_of_Australia" class="mw-redirect" title="National Library of Australia">NLA</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://nla.gov.au/anbd.aut-an35782074">35782074</a></span></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/National_Library_of_Greece" class="mw-redirect" title="National Library of Greece">NLG</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.nlg.gr/Authority/Record?id=au.60778">60778</a></span></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/National_Library_of_Israel" class="mw-redirect" title="National Library of Israel">NLI</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://uli.nli.org.il/F/?func=direct&doc_number=000055226&local_base=nlx10">000055226</a></span></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/National_Library_of_Korea" class="mw-redirect" title="National Library of Korea">NLK</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://nl.go.kr/authorities/resource/KAC199610441">KAC199610441</a></span></span></li> <li><span class="error">The NLP id a0000001179027 is not valid.</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/National_and_University_Library_in_Zagreb" class="mw-redirect" title="National and University Library in Zagreb">NSK</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://katalog.nsk.hr/F/?func=direct&doc_number=000006473&local_base=nsk10">000006473</a></span></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Royal_Library_of_the_Netherlands" class="mw-redirect" title="Royal Library of the Netherlands">NTA</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://data.bibliotheken.nl/id/thes/p070821631">070821631</a></span></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/RERO_(Library_Network_of_Western_Switzerland)" class="mw-redirect" title="RERO (Library Network of Western Switzerland)">RERO</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://data.rero.ch/02-A000073333">02-A000073333</a></span></span></li> <li><span class="error">The SBN id CFIV012078 is not valid.</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/LIBRIS" title="LIBRIS">SELIBR</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://libris.kb.se/auth/56647">56647</a></span></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/SNAC" title="SNAC">SNAC</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://snaccooperative.org/ark:/99166/w60p14b7">w60p14b7</a></span></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Syst%C3%A8me_universitaire_de_documentation" title="Système universitaire de documentation">SUDOC</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.idref.fr/028127625">028127625</a></span></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Trove" title="Trove">Trove</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://trove.nla.gov.au/people/1084885">1084885</a></span></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Virtual_International_Authority_File" title="Virtual International Authority File">VIAF</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/97859168">97859168</a></span></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/WorldCat" title="WorldCat">WorldCat Identities</a> (via VIAF): <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/identities/containsVIAFID/97859168">97859168</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    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