CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html> <html class="client-nojs vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-enabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-toc-available" lang="en" dir="ltr"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>Nijmegen - Wikipedia</title> <script>(function(){var className="client-js vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-enabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-toc-available";var cookie=document.cookie.match(/(?:^|; )enwikimwclientpreferences=([^;]+)/);if(cookie){cookie[1].split('%2C').forEach(function(pref){className=className.replace(new RegExp('(^| )'+pref.replace(/-clientpref-\w+$|[^\w-]+/g,'')+'-clientpref-\\w+( |$)'),'$1'+pref+'$2');});}document.documentElement.className=className;}());RLCONF={"wgBreakFrames":false,"wgSeparatorTransformTable":["",""],"wgDigitTransformTable":["",""],"wgDefaultDateFormat":"dmy", "wgMonthNames":["","January","February","March","April","May","June","July","August","September","October","November","December"],"wgRequestId":"c84c27d0-0cc0-4897-8000-7224b22277ae","wgCanonicalNamespace":"","wgCanonicalSpecialPageName":false,"wgNamespaceNumber":0,"wgPageName":"Nijmegen","wgTitle":"Nijmegen","wgCurRevisionId":1258813946,"wgRevisionId":1258813946,"wgArticleId":21713,"wgIsArticle":true,"wgIsRedirect":false,"wgAction":"view","wgUserName":null,"wgUserGroups":["*"],"wgCategories":["Pages using gadget WikiMiniAtlas","Pages with non-numeric formatnum arguments","Pages using the Phonos extension","Articles containing French-language text","Articles containing German-language text","Articles containing Italian-language text","CS1 Dutch-language sources (nl)","Articles with short description","Short description is different from Wikidata","Coordinates on Wikidata","Pages with Dutch IPA","Pages including recorded pronunciations","Articles containing uncoded-language text", "Pages with undetermined IPA","Articles containing Latin-language text","Articles containing Dutch-language text","Wikipedia articles needing clarification from September 2019","Articles containing potentially dated statements from October 2018","All articles containing potentially dated statements","Commons link is on Wikidata","Official website different in Wikidata and Wikipedia","Pages using the Kartographer extension","Nijmegen","Cities in the Netherlands","Municipalities of Gelderland","Populated places in Gelderland","Populated places established in the 1st century","0s establishments in the Roman Empire","Free imperial cities","Members of the Hanseatic League","Roman legionary fortresses in Netherlands","Roman fortifications in Germania Inferior"],"wgPageViewLanguage":"en","wgPageContentLanguage":"en","wgPageContentModel":"wikitext","wgRelevantPageName":"Nijmegen","wgRelevantArticleId":21713,"wgIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRelevantPageIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRestrictionEdit" :[],"wgRestrictionMove":[],"wgNoticeProject":"wikipedia","wgCiteReferencePreviewsActive":false,"wgFlaggedRevsParams":{"tags":{"status":{"levels":1}}},"wgMediaViewerOnClick":true,"wgMediaViewerEnabledByDefault":true,"wgPopupsFlags":0,"wgVisualEditor":{"pageLanguageCode":"en","pageLanguageDir":"ltr","pageVariantFallbacks":"en"},"wgMFDisplayWikibaseDescriptions":{"search":true,"watchlist":true,"tagline":false,"nearby":true},"wgWMESchemaEditAttemptStepOversample":false,"wgWMEPageLength":40000,"wgCoordinates":{"lat":51.847500000000004,"lon":5.8625},"wgRelatedArticlesCompat":[],"wgCentralAuthMobileDomain":false,"wgEditSubmitButtonLabelPublish":true,"wgULSPosition":"interlanguage","wgULSisCompactLinksEnabled":false,"wgVector2022LanguageInHeader":true,"wgULSisLanguageSelectorEmpty":false,"wgWikibaseItemId":"Q47887","wgCheckUserClientHintsHeadersJsApi":["brands","architecture","bitness","fullVersionList","mobile","model","platform","platformVersion"],"GEHomepageSuggestedEditsEnableTopics":true, "wgGETopicsMatchModeEnabled":false,"wgGEStructuredTaskRejectionReasonTextInputEnabled":false,"wgGELevelingUpEnabledForUser":false};RLSTATE={"ext.globalCssJs.user.styles":"ready","site.styles":"ready","user.styles":"ready","ext.globalCssJs.user":"ready","user":"ready","user.options":"loading","ext.cite.styles":"ready","ext.kartographer.style":"ready","ext.phonos.styles":"ready","ext.phonos.icons":"ready","skins.vector.search.codex.styles":"ready","skins.vector.styles":"ready","skins.vector.icons":"ready","jquery.tablesorter.styles":"ready","jquery.makeCollapsible.styles":"ready","ext.wikimediamessages.styles":"ready","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript":"ready","ext.uls.interlanguage":"ready","wikibase.client.init":"ready","ext.wikimediaBadges":"ready"};RLPAGEMODULES=["ext.cite.ux-enhancements","ext.kartographer.staticframe","ext.phonos.init","mediawiki.page.media","ext.scribunto.logs","site","mediawiki.page.ready","jquery.tablesorter","jquery.makeCollapsible", "mediawiki.toc","skins.vector.js","ext.centralNotice.geoIP","ext.centralNotice.startUp","ext.gadget.ReferenceTooltips","ext.gadget.switcher","ext.gadget.WikiMiniAtlas","ext.urlShortener.toolbar","ext.centralauth.centralautologin","mmv.bootstrap","ext.popups","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.init","ext.visualEditor.targetLoader","ext.echo.centralauth","ext.eventLogging","ext.wikimediaEvents","ext.navigationTiming","ext.uls.interface","ext.cx.eventlogging.campaigns","ext.cx.uls.quick.actions","wikibase.client.vector-2022","ext.checkUser.clientHints","ext.quicksurveys.init","ext.growthExperiments.SuggestedEditSession","wikibase.sidebar.tracking"];</script> <script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.loader.impl(function(){return["user.options@12s5i",function($,jQuery,require,module){mw.user.tokens.set({"patrolToken":"+\\","watchToken":"+\\","csrfToken":"+\\"}); }];});});</script> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=ext.cite.styles%7Cext.kartographer.style%7Cext.phonos.icons%2Cstyles%7Cext.uls.interlanguage%7Cext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript%7Cext.wikimediaBadges%7Cext.wikimediamessages.styles%7Cjquery.makeCollapsible.styles%7Cjquery.tablesorter.styles%7Cskins.vector.icons%2Cstyles%7Cskins.vector.search.codex.styles%7Cwikibase.client.init&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <script async="" src="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=startup&only=scripts&raw=1&skin=vector-2022"></script> <meta name="ResourceLoaderDynamicStyles" content=""> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=site.styles&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <meta name="generator" content="MediaWiki 1.44.0-wmf.4"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin-when-cross-origin"> <meta name="robots" content="max-image-preview:standard"> <meta name="format-detection" content="telephone=no"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/Skyline_Nijmegen._Gelderland._Netherlands.jpg/1200px-Skyline_Nijmegen._Gelderland._Netherlands.jpg"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="1200"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="798"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/Skyline_Nijmegen._Gelderland._Netherlands.jpg/800px-Skyline_Nijmegen._Gelderland._Netherlands.jpg"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="800"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="532"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/Skyline_Nijmegen._Gelderland._Netherlands.jpg/640px-Skyline_Nijmegen._Gelderland._Netherlands.jpg"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="640"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="426"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=1120"> <meta property="og:title" content="Nijmegen - Wikipedia"> <meta property="og:type" content="website"> <link rel="preconnect" href="//upload.wikimedia.org"> <link rel="alternate" media="only screen and (max-width: 640px)" href="//en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nijmegen"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/x-wiki" title="Edit this page" href="/w/index.php?title=Nijmegen&action=edit"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="/static/apple-touch/wikipedia.png"> <link rel="icon" href="/static/favicon/wikipedia.ico"> <link rel="search" type="application/opensearchdescription+xml" href="/w/rest.php/v1/search" title="Wikipedia (en)"> <link rel="EditURI" type="application/rsd+xml" href="//en.wikipedia.org/w/api.php?action=rsd"> <link rel="canonical" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nijmegen"> <link rel="license" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.en"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/atom+xml" title="Wikipedia Atom feed" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:RecentChanges&feed=atom"> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//meta.wikimedia.org" /> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//login.wikimedia.org"> </head> <body class="skin--responsive skin-vector skin-vector-search-vue mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject mw-editable page-Nijmegen rootpage-Nijmegen skin-vector-2022 action-view"><a class="mw-jump-link" href="#bodyContent">Jump to content</a> <div class="vector-header-container"> <header class="vector-header mw-header"> <div class="vector-header-start"> <nav class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-main-menu-dropdown vector-button-flush-left vector-button-flush-right" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Main menu" > <label id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-label" for="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-menu mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-menu"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Main menu</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-main-menu" class="vector-main-menu vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-main-menu-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="main-menu-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-main-menu" data-pinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Main menu</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.unpin">hide</button> </div> <div id="p-navigation" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-navigation" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Navigation </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-mainpage-description" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Main_Page" title="Visit the main page [z]" accesskey="z"><span>Main page</span></a></li><li id="n-contents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Contents" title="Guides to browsing Wikipedia"><span>Contents</span></a></li><li id="n-currentevents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Current_events" title="Articles related to current events"><span>Current events</span></a></li><li id="n-randompage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:Random" title="Visit a randomly selected article [x]" accesskey="x"><span>Random article</span></a></li><li id="n-aboutsite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:About" title="Learn about Wikipedia and how it works"><span>About Wikipedia</span></a></li><li id="n-contactpage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Contact_us" title="How to contact Wikipedia"><span>Contact us</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-interaction" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-interaction" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Contribute </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-help" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Help:Contents" title="Guidance on how to use and edit Wikipedia"><span>Help</span></a></li><li id="n-introduction" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Help:Introduction" title="Learn how to edit Wikipedia"><span>Learn to edit</span></a></li><li id="n-portal" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Community_portal" title="The hub for editors"><span>Community portal</span></a></li><li id="n-recentchanges" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:RecentChanges" title="A list of recent changes to Wikipedia [r]" accesskey="r"><span>Recent changes</span></a></li><li id="n-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:File_upload_wizard" title="Add images or other media for use on Wikipedia"><span>Upload file</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <a href="/wiki/Main_Page" class="mw-logo"> <img class="mw-logo-icon" src="/static/images/icons/wikipedia.png" alt="" aria-hidden="true" height="50" width="50"> <span class="mw-logo-container skin-invert"> <img class="mw-logo-wordmark" alt="Wikipedia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-en.svg" style="width: 7.5em; height: 1.125em;"> <img class="mw-logo-tagline" alt="The Free Encyclopedia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-tagline-en.svg" width="117" height="13" style="width: 7.3125em; height: 0.8125em;"> </span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-header-end"> <div id="p-search" role="search" class="vector-search-box-vue vector-search-box-collapses vector-search-box-show-thumbnail vector-search-box-auto-expand-width vector-search-box"> <a href="/wiki/Special:Search" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only search-toggle" title="Search Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-search mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-search"></span> <span>Search</span> </a> <div class="vector-typeahead-search-container"> <div class="cdx-typeahead-search cdx-typeahead-search--show-thumbnail cdx-typeahead-search--auto-expand-width"> <form action="/w/index.php" id="searchform" class="cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button"> <div id="simpleSearch" class="cdx-search-input__input-wrapper" data-search-loc="header-moved"> <div class="cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon"> <input class="cdx-text-input__input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="Search Wikipedia" aria-label="Search Wikipedia" autocapitalize="sentences" title="Search Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f" id="searchInput" > <span class="cdx-text-input__icon cdx-text-input__start-icon"></span> </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="Special:Search"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">Search</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-user-links vector-user-links-wide" aria-label="Personal tools"> <div class="vector-user-links-main"> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-preferences" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-userpage" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Appearance"> <div id="vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " title="Change the appearance of the page's font size, width, and color" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Appearance" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-appearance mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-appearance"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Appearance</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_en.wikipedia.org&uselang=en" class=""><span>Donate</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&returnto=Nijmegen" title="You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory" class=""><span>Create account</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=Nijmegen" title="You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Log in</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Log in and more options" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Personal tools" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Personal tools</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="User menu" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_en.wikipedia.org&uselang=en"><span>Donate</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&returnto=Nijmegen" title="You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>Create account</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=Nijmegen" title="You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Log in</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Pages for logged out editors <a href="/wiki/Help:Introduction" aria-label="Learn more about editing"><span>learn more</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyContributions" title="A list of edits made from this IP address [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Contributions</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyTalk" title="Discussion about edits from this IP address [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Talk</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Contents" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Contents</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">hide</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">(Top)</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Population_centres" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Population_centres"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Population centres</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Population_centres-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Population centres subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Population_centres-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Proximity_of_border_with_Germany" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Proximity_of_border_with_Germany"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>Proximity of border with Germany</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Proximity_of_border_with_Germany-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-History" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#History"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>History</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-History-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle History subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-History-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Antiquity" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Antiquity"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Antiquity</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Antiquity-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Middle_Ages" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Middle_Ages"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>Middle Ages</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Middle_Ages-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Early_modern_period" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Early_modern_period"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3</span> <span>Early modern period</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Early_modern_period-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-World_War_II" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#World_War_II"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.4</span> <span>World War II</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-World_War_II-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Post-war_period" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Post-war_period"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.5</span> <span>Post-war period</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Post-war_period-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Geography" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Geography"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Geography</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Geography-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Geography subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Geography-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Climate" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Climate"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>Climate</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Climate-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Historical_remains" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Historical_remains"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>Historical remains</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Historical_remains-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Demographics" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Demographics"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Demographics</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Demographics-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Politics" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Politics"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Politics</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Politics-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Politics subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Politics-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Twin_and_sister_cities" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Twin_and_sister_cities"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.1</span> <span>Twin and sister cities</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Twin_and_sister_cities-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Culture" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Culture"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Culture</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Culture-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Culture subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Culture-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Events" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Events"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.1</span> <span>Events</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Events-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Four_Days_Marches" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Four_Days_Marches"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.1.1</span> <span>Four Days Marches</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Four_Days_Marches-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-People" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#People"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.2</span> <span>People</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-People-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Natives" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Natives"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.2.1</span> <span>Natives</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Natives-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Other_residents" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Other_residents"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.2.2</span> <span>Other residents</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Other_residents-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Religion" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Religion"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.3</span> <span>Religion</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Religion-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sport" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sport"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.4</span> <span>Sport</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sport-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Economy_and_infrastructure" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Economy_and_infrastructure"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Economy and infrastructure</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Economy_and_infrastructure-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Economy and infrastructure subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Economy_and_infrastructure-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Economy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Economy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.1</span> <span>Economy</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Economy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-More_room_for_the_river_Waal" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#More_room_for_the_river_Waal"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.2</span> <span>More room for the river Waal</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-More_room_for_the_river_Waal-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Transport" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Transport"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.3</span> <span>Transport</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Transport-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Education" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Education"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Education</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Education-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>Notes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bibliography" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bibliography"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>Bibliography</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bibliography-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">12</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Nijmegen</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 96 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-96" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">96 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nijmegen" title="Nijmegen – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Nijmegen" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-am mw-list-item"><a href="https://am.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%8A%94%E1%88%98%E1%88%95%E1%8A%95" title="ኔመሕን – Amharic" lang="am" hreflang="am" data-title="ኔመሕን" data-language-autonym="አማርኛ" data-language-local-name="Amharic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>አማርኛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-smn mw-list-item"><a href="https://smn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nijmegen" title="Nijmegen – Inari Sami" lang="smn" hreflang="smn" data-title="Nijmegen" data-language-autonym="Anarâškielâ" data-language-local-name="Inari Sami" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Anarâškielâ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%86%D8%A7%D9%8A%D9%85%D9%8A%D8%AE%D9%86" title="نايميخن – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="نايميخن" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nijmegen" title="Nijmegen – Aragonese" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Nijmegen" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="Aragonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nijmegen" title="Nijmegen – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Nijmegen" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neymeqen" title="Neymeqen – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Neymeqen" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ban mw-list-item"><a href="https://ban.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nijmegen" title="Nijmegen – Balinese" lang="ban" hreflang="ban" data-title="Nijmegen" data-language-autonym="Basa Bali" data-language-local-name="Balinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Basa Bali</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nijmegen" title="Nijmegen – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Nijmegen" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B5%D0%B9%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%B5%D0%BD" title="Неймеген – Bashkir" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Неймеген" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="Bashkir" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B5%D0%B9%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%B5%D0%BD" title="Неймеген – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Неймеген" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D1%8D%D0%B9%D0%BC%D1%8D%D0%B3%D0%B5%D0%BD" title="Нэймэген – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Нэймэген" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B5%D0%B9%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%B5%D0%BD" title="Неймеген – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Неймеген" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nijmegen" title="Nijmegen – Breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Nijmegen" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Breton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nimega" title="Nimega – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Nimega" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gemeente_Nijmegen" title="Gemeente Nijmegen – Cebuano" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Gemeente Nijmegen" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="Cebuano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nijmegen" title="Nijmegen – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Nijmegen" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nijmegen" title="Nijmegen – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Nijmegen" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nijmegen" title="Nijmegen – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Nijmegen" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nijmegen" title="Nijmegen – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Nijmegen" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nijmegen" title="Nijmegen – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Nijmegen" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%9D%CE%B1%CF%8A%CE%BC%CE%AD%CF%87%CE%B5%CE%BD" title="Ναϊμέχεν – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Ναϊμέχεν" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nimega" title="Nimega – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Nimega" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nimego" title="Nimego – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Nimego" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nimega" title="Nimega – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Nimega" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%86%DB%8C%D9%85%DB%8C%D8%AE%D9%86" title="نیمیخن – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="نیمیخن" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nim%C3%A8gue" title="Nimègue – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Nimègue" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nimwegen" title="Nimwegen – Western Frisian" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Nimwegen" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="Western Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nijmegen" title="Nijmegen – Irish" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Nijmegen" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Irish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nijmegen" title="Nijmegen – Scottish Gaelic" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="Nijmegen" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="Scottish Gaelic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gàidhlig</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nimega" title="Nimega – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Nimega" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%84%A4%EC%9D%B4%EB%A9%94%ED%97%8C" title="네이메헌 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="네이메헌" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%86%D5%A5%D5%B5%D5%B4%D5%A5%D5%B5%D5%AD%D5%A5%D5%B6" title="Նեյմեյխեն – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Նեյմեյխեն" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nijmegen" title="Nijmegen – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Nijmegen" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nijmegen" title="Nijmegen – Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Nijmegen" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nijmegen" title="Nijmegen – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Nijmegen" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nimega" title="Nimega – Interlingua" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Nimega" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="Interlingua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-os mw-list-item"><a href="https://os.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B5%D0%B9%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%B5%D0%BD" title="Неймеген – Ossetic" lang="os" hreflang="os" data-title="Неймеген" data-language-autonym="Ирон" data-language-local-name="Ossetic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ирон</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nijmegen" title="Nijmegen – Icelandic" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Nijmegen" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Icelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nimega" title="Nimega – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Nimega" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A0%D7%99%D7%99%D7%9E%D7%9B%D7%9F" title="ניימכן – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="ניימכן" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nijmegen" title="Nijmegen – Javanese" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Nijmegen" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="Javanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%9C%E1%83%94%E1%83%98%E1%83%9B%E1%83%94%E1%83%92%E1%83%94%E1%83%9C%E1%83%98" title="ნეიმეგენი – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ნეიმეგენი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nijmegen" title="Nijmegen – Swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Nijmegen" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="Swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nijmegen" title="Nijmegen – Kurdish" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Nijmegen" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Noviomagus_Batavorum" title="Noviomagus Batavorum – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Noviomagus Batavorum" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neimegena" title="Neimegena – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Neimegena" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nijmegen" title="Nijmegen – Luxembourgish" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Nijmegen" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="Luxembourgish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neimegenas" title="Neimegenas – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Neimegenas" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nimwege" title="Nimwege – Limburgish" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Nimwege" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="Limburgish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Limburgs</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nijmegen" title="Nijmegen – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Nijmegen" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nijmegen" title="Nijmegen – Malagasy" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Nijmegen" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="Malagasy" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%97%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%A8" title="नेयमेगेन – Marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="नेयमेगेन" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="Marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%86%D8%A7%D9%8A%D9%85%D9%8A%D8%AE%D9%86" title="نايميخن – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="نايميخن" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nijmegen" title="Nijmegen – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Nijmegen" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D1%8D%D0%B9%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%B5%D0%BD" title="Нэймеген – Mongolian" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Нэймеген" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="Mongolian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nijmegen" title="Nijmegen – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Nijmegen" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds-nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nimwaege" title="Nimwaege – Low Saxon" lang="nds-NL" hreflang="nds-NL" data-title="Nimwaege" data-language-autonym="Nedersaksies" data-language-local-name="Low Saxon" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nedersaksies</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%8A%E3%82%A4%E3%83%A1%E3%83%BC%E3%83%98%E3%83%B3" title="ナイメーヘン – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ナイメーヘン" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nijmegen" title="Nijmegen – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Nijmegen" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nijmegen" title="Nijmegen – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Nijmegen" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%86%D8%AC%D9%85%DB%8C%DA%AF%D8%A7%D9%86" title="نجمیگان – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="نجمیگان" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pap mw-list-item"><a href="https://pap.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nijmegen" title="Nijmegen – Papiamento" lang="pap" hreflang="pap" data-title="Nijmegen" data-language-autonym="Papiamentu" data-language-local-name="Papiamento" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Papiamentu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pms mw-list-item"><a href="https://pms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nimega" title="Nimega – Piedmontese" lang="pms" hreflang="pms" data-title="Nimega" data-language-autonym="Piemontèis" data-language-local-name="Piedmontese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Piemontèis</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gemeen_Nimwaege" title="Gemeen Nimwaege – Low German" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Gemeen Nimwaege" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="Low German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nijmegen" title="Nijmegen – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Nijmegen" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nimega" title="Nimega – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Nimega" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nijmegen" title="Nijmegen – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Nijmegen" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nijmegen" title="Nijmegen – Quechua" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Nijmegen" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="Quechua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B5%D0%B9%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%B5%D0%BD" title="Неймеген – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Неймеген" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nijmegen" title="Nijmegen – Scots" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Nijmegen" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="Scots" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-stq mw-list-item"><a href="https://stq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nijmegen" title="Nijmegen – Saterland Frisian" lang="stq" hreflang="stq" data-title="Nijmegen" data-language-autonym="Seeltersk" data-language-local-name="Saterland Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Seeltersk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nimega" title="Nimega – Albanian" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Nimega" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nijmegen" title="Nijmegen – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Nijmegen" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nijmegen" title="Nijmegen – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Nijmegen" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nijmegen" title="Nijmegen – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Nijmegen" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-szl mw-list-item"><a href="https://szl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nijmegen" title="Nijmegen – Silesian" lang="szl" hreflang="szl" data-title="Nijmegen" data-language-autonym="Ślůnski" data-language-local-name="Silesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ślůnski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%98%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%B5%D0%BD" title="Најмеген – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Најмеген" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nijmegen" title="Nijmegen – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Nijmegen" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nijmegen" title="Nijmegen – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Nijmegen" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nijmegen" title="Nijmegen – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Nijmegen" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B5%D0%B9%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%B5%D0%BD" title="Неймеген – Tatar" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Неймеген" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="Tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B9%84%E0%B8%99%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A1%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%99" title="ไนเมเคิน – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="ไนเมเคิน" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nijmegen" title="Nijmegen – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Nijmegen" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B5%D0%B9%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%B5%D0%BD" title="Неймеген – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Неймеген" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%86%DB%8C%D9%85%DB%8C%D8%AE%D9%86" title="نیمیخن – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="نیمیخن" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vec mw-list-item"><a href="https://vec.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nimega" title="Nimega – Venetian" lang="vec" hreflang="vec" data-title="Nimega" data-language-autonym="Vèneto" data-language-local-name="Venetian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vèneto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nijmegen" title="Nijmegen – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Nijmegen" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vo badge-Q70893996 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://vo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nijmegen" title="Nijmegen – Volapük" lang="vo" hreflang="vo" data-title="Nijmegen" data-language-autonym="Volapük" data-language-local-name="Volapük" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Volapük</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wa mw-list-item"><a href="https://wa.wikipedia.org/wiki/N%C3%AEmegue" title="Nîmegue – Walloon" lang="wa" hreflang="wa" data-title="Nîmegue" data-language-autonym="Walon" data-language-local-name="Walloon" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Walon</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vls mw-list-item"><a href="https://vls.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nymeegn" title="Nymeegn – West Flemish" lang="vls" hreflang="vls" data-title="Nymeegn" data-language-autonym="West-Vlams" data-language-local-name="West Flemish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>West-Vlams</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nijmegen" title="Nijmegen – Waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Nijmegen" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="Waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%A5%88%E6%A2%85%E4%BA%A8" title="奈梅亨 – Wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="奈梅亨" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%B0%BC%E7%BE%8E%E6%A0%B9" title="尼美根 – Cantonese" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="尼美根" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Cantonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zea mw-list-item"><a href="https://zea.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nijmegen" title="Nijmegen – Zeelandic" lang="zea" hreflang="zea" data-title="Nijmegen" data-language-autonym="Zeêuws" data-language-local-name="Zeelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zeêuws</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%A5%88%E6%A2%85%E4%BA%A8" title="奈梅亨 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="奈梅亨" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q47887#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Nijmegen" title="View the content page [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Article</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Talk:Nijmegen" rel="discussion" title="Discuss improvements to the content page [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Talk</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Change language variant" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">English</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Views"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Nijmegen"><span>Read</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nijmegen&action=edit" title="Edit this page [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Edit</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nijmegen&action=history" title="Past revisions of this page [h]" accesskey="h"><span>View history</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Tools" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Tools</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Tools</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">hide</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="More options" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Actions </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Nijmegen"><span>Read</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nijmegen&action=edit" title="Edit this page [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Edit</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nijmegen&action=history"><span>View history</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> General </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/Nijmegen" title="List of all English Wikipedia pages containing links to this page [j]" accesskey="j"><span>What links here</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:RecentChangesLinked/Nijmegen" rel="nofollow" title="Recent changes in pages linked from this page [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Related changes</span></a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:File_Upload_Wizard" title="Upload files [u]" accesskey="u"><span>Upload file</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:SpecialPages" title="A list of all special pages [q]" accesskey="q"><span>Special pages</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nijmegen&oldid=1258813946" title="Permanent link to this revision of this page"><span>Permanent link</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nijmegen&action=info" title="More information about this page"><span>Page information</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CiteThisPage&page=Nijmegen&id=1258813946&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Information on how to cite this page"><span>Cite this page</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FNijmegen"><span>Get shortened URL</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FNijmegen"><span>Download QR code</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Print/export </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:DownloadAsPdf&page=Nijmegen&action=show-download-screen" title="Download this page as a PDF file"><span>Download as PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nijmegen&printable=yes" title="Printable version of this page [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Printable version</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> In other projects </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Nijmegen" hreflang="en"><span>Wikimedia Commons</span></a></li><li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikivoyage badge-Q17559452 badge-recommendedarticle mw-list-item" title="recommended article"><a href="https://en.wikivoyage.org/wiki/Nijmegen" hreflang="en"><span>Wikivoyage</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q47887" title="Structured data on this page hosted by Wikidata [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Wikidata item</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Appearance"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Appearance</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">hide</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> <div id="mw-indicator-coordinates" class="mw-indicator"><div class="mw-parser-output"><span id="coordinates"><a href="/wiki/Geographic_coordinate_system" title="Geographic coordinate system">Coordinates</a>: <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Nijmegen&params=51_50_51_N_05_51_45_E_region:NL_type:city(177359)"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">51°50′51″N</span> <span class="longitude">05°51′45″E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">51.84750°N 5.86250°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">51.84750; 5.86250</span></span></span></a></span></span></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">City and municipality in Gelderland, Netherlands</div> <div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">City and municipality in Gelderland, Netherlands</div><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1043192559">.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement{width:23em;border-collapse:collapse;line-height:1.2em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement td,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement th{border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0.4em 0.6em 0.4em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-header,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-label,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-below{border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0.4em 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedrow .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedrow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedrow .infobox-label{border:0;padding:0 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedbottomrow .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedbottomrow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedbottomrow .infobox-label{border-top:0;border-bottom:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0 0.6em 0.4em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .maptable{border:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-header,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-below{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-above{font-size:125%;line-height:1.3em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-subheader{background-color:#cddeff;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-native{font-weight:normal;padding-top:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-other-name{font-size:78%}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-official{font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-caption{padding:0.3em 0 0 0}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-caption-link{padding:0.2em 0}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-nickname{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-fn{font-weight:normal;display:inline}</style><table class="infobox ib-settlement vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above"><div class="fn org">Nijmegen</div> <div class="nickname ib-settlement-native"><i>Nimwèège</i> (<a href="/wiki/Kleverlandish" title="Kleverlandish">Nijmeegs</a>)</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader"><div class="category"><a href="/wiki/List_of_cities_in_the_Netherlands_by_province" title="List of cities in the Netherlands by province">City</a> and <a href="/wiki/Municipalities_of_the_Netherlands" title="Municipalities of the Netherlands">municipality</a></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Skyline_Nijmegen._Gelderland._Netherlands.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Nijmegen city view from the north-west"><img alt="Nijmegen city view from the north-west" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/Skyline_Nijmegen._Gelderland._Netherlands.jpg/250px-Skyline_Nijmegen._Gelderland._Netherlands.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="166" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/Skyline_Nijmegen._Gelderland._Netherlands.jpg/375px-Skyline_Nijmegen._Gelderland._Netherlands.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/Skyline_Nijmegen._Gelderland._Netherlands.jpg/500px-Skyline_Nijmegen._Gelderland._Netherlands.jpg 2x" data-file-width="6016" data-file-height="4000" /></a></span><div class="ib-settlement-caption">Nijmegen city view from the north-west</div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data maptable"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1028600610">.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-cols{text-align:center;display:table;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-cols-row{display:table-row}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-cols-cell{display:table-cell;vertical-align:middle}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-cols-cellt{display:table-cell;vertical-align:top}</style> <div class="ib-settlement-cols"> <div class="ib-settlement-cols-row"><div class="ib-settlement-cols-cell"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Nijmegen.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Flag of Nijmegen"><img alt="Flag of Nijmegen" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Flag_of_Nijmegen.svg/100px-Flag_of_Nijmegen.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="67" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Flag_of_Nijmegen.svg/150px-Flag_of_Nijmegen.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Flag_of_Nijmegen.svg/200px-Flag_of_Nijmegen.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="450" data-file-height="300" /></a></span><div class="ib-settlement-caption-link">Flag</div></div></div></div><div class="ib-settlement-cols"><div class="ib-settlement-cols-row"></div><div class="ib-settlement-cols-row"><div class="ib-settlement-cols-cell"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Coat_of_arms_of_Nijmegen.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Coat of arms of Nijmegen"><img alt="Coat of arms of Nijmegen" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Coat_of_arms_of_Nijmegen.svg/100px-Coat_of_arms_of_Nijmegen.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="74" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Coat_of_arms_of_Nijmegen.svg/150px-Coat_of_arms_of_Nijmegen.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Coat_of_arms_of_Nijmegen.svg/200px-Coat_of_arms_of_Nijmegen.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="960" data-file-height="708" /></a></span><div class="ib-settlement-caption-link">Coat of arms</div></div><div class="ib-settlement-cols-cell"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Nijmegen_2017.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Official logo of Nijmegen"><img alt="Official logo of Nijmegen" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Nijmegen_2017.svg/120px-Nijmegen_2017.svg.png" decoding="async" width="120" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Nijmegen_2017.svg/180px-Nijmegen_2017.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Nijmegen_2017.svg/240px-Nijmegen_2017.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="334" /></a></span><div class="ib-settlement-caption-link"><a href="/wiki/Brandmark" class="mw-redirect" title="Brandmark">Brandmark</a></div></div></div></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Map_-_NL_-_Municipality_code_0268_(2009).svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Location in Gelderland"><img alt="Highlighted position of Nijmegen in a municipal map of Gelderland" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Map_-_NL_-_Municipality_code_0268_%282009%29.svg/250px-Map_-_NL_-_Municipality_code_0268_%282009%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="133" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Map_-_NL_-_Municipality_code_0268_%282009%29.svg/375px-Map_-_NL_-_Municipality_code_0268_%282009%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Map_-_NL_-_Municipality_code_0268_%282009%29.svg/500px-Map_-_NL_-_Municipality_code_0268_%282009%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="160" /></a></span><div class="ib-settlement-caption">Location in Gelderland</div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><div class="switcher-container"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238443738">.mw-parser-output .locmap .od{position:absolute}.mw-parser-output .locmap .id{position:absolute;line-height:0}.mw-parser-output .locmap .l0{font-size:0;position:absolute}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pv{line-height:110%;position:absolute;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pl{line-height:110%;position:absolute;top:-0.75em;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pr{line-height:110%;position:absolute;top:-0.75em;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pv>div{display:inline;padding:1px}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pl>div{display:inline;padding:1px;float:right}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pr>div{display:inline;padding:1px;float:left}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pv>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pl>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pr>div{background:#fff!important;color:#000!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .locmap{filter:grayscale(0.6)}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data .locmap div{background:transparent!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .locmap{filter:grayscale(0.6)}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pv>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pl>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pr>div{background:white!important;color:#000!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data .locmap div{background:transparent!important}}</style><div class="center"><div class="locmap" style="width:250px;float:none;clear:both;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto"><div style="width:250px;padding:0"><div style="position:relative;width:250px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Netherlands_relief_location_map.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Nijmegen is located in Netherlands"><img alt="Nijmegen is located in Netherlands" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/Netherlands_relief_location_map.svg/250px-Netherlands_relief_location_map.svg.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="282" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/Netherlands_relief_location_map.svg/375px-Netherlands_relief_location_map.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/Netherlands_relief_location_map.svg/500px-Netherlands_relief_location_map.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="888" data-file-height="1001" /></a></span><div class="od notheme" style="top:59.758%;left:62.784%;font-size:91%"><div class="id" style="left:-3px;top:-3px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Nijmegen"><img alt="Nijmegen" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/6px-Red_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="6" height="6" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/9px-Red_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/12px-Red_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></span></span></div><div class="pr" style="width:6em;left:4px"><div>Nijmegen</div></div></div></div><div style="padding-top:0.2em">Location within the Netherlands</div><span class="switcher-label" style="display:none">Show map of Netherlands</span></div></div></div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238443738"><div class="center"><div class="locmap" style="width:250px;float:none;clear:both;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto"><div style="width:250px;padding:0"><div style="position:relative;width:250px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Europe_relief_laea_location_map.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Nijmegen is located in Europe"><img alt="Nijmegen is located in Europe" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Europe_relief_laea_location_map.jpg/250px-Europe_relief_laea_location_map.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="214" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Europe_relief_laea_location_map.jpg/375px-Europe_relief_laea_location_map.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Europe_relief_laea_location_map.jpg/500px-Europe_relief_laea_location_map.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1580" data-file-height="1351" /></a></span><div class="od notheme" style="top:55.324%;left:30.522%;font-size:91%"><div class="id" style="left:-3px;top:-3px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Nijmegen"><img alt="Nijmegen" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/6px-Red_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="6" height="6" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/9px-Red_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/12px-Red_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></span></span></div><div class="pr" style="width:6em;left:4px"><div>Nijmegen</div></div></div></div><div style="padding-top:0.2em">Location within Europe</div><span class="switcher-label" style="display:none">Show map of Europe</span></div></div></div></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedbottomrow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data">Coordinates: <span class="geo-inline"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Nijmegen&params=51_50_51_N_05_51_45_E_region:NL_type:city(177359)"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">51°50′51″N</span> <span class="longitude">05°51′45″E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">51.84750°N 5.86250°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">51.84750; 5.86250</span></span></span></a></span></span></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Country</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Netherlands" title="Netherlands">Netherlands</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Provinces_of_the_Netherlands" title="Provinces of the Netherlands">Province</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Flag_of_Gelderland.svg/23px-Flag_of_Gelderland.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Flag_of_Gelderland.svg/35px-Flag_of_Gelderland.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Flag_of_Gelderland.svg/45px-Flag_of_Gelderland.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="341" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Gelderland" title="Gelderland">Gelderland</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Founded</th><td class="infobox-data">98, as Novio Magus</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Founded by</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Trajan" title="Trajan">Trajan</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Government<div class="ib-settlement-fn"><sup id="cite_ref-mayor_now_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-mayor_now-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></div></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Body</th><td class="infobox-data agent"><a href="/wiki/Municipal_council_(Netherlands)" title="Municipal council (Netherlands)">Municipal council</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • <a href="/wiki/Burgomaster" title="Burgomaster">Mayor</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Hubert_Bruls" title="Hubert Bruls">Hubert Bruls</a> (<a href="/wiki/Christian_Democratic_Appeal" title="Christian Democratic Appeal">CDA</a>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Area<div class="ib-settlement-fn"><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></div></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="white-space:nowrap;"> • Municipality</div></th><td class="infobox-data">57.63 km<sup>2</sup> (22.25 sq mi)</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Land</th><td class="infobox-data">53.09 km<sup>2</sup> (20.50 sq mi)</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Water</th><td class="infobox-data">4.54 km<sup>2</sup> (1.75 sq mi)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Elevation<div class="ib-settlement-fn"><sup id="cite_ref-AHN_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AHN-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></div></th><td class="infobox-data">29 m (95 ft)</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Highest elevation<div class="ib-settlement-fn"></div></th><td class="infobox-data">88 m (289 ft)</td></tr><tr class="mergedbottomrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Lowest elevation<div class="ib-settlement-fn"></div></th><td class="infobox-data">7 m (23 ft)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Population<div class="ib-settlement-fn"><span class="nowrap"> </span>(Municipality, January 2021; Urban and Metro, May 2014)<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></div></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="white-space:nowrap;"> • Municipality</div></th><td class="infobox-data">177,359</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Density</th><td class="infobox-data">3,341/km<sup>2</sup> (8,650/sq mi)</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • <a href="/wiki/Urban_area" title="Urban area">Urban</a><div class="ib-settlement-fn"></div></th><td class="infobox-data">168,840</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • <a href="/wiki/Metropolitan_area" title="Metropolitan area">Metro</a><div class="ib-settlement-fn"></div></th><td class="infobox-data">801.973<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Demonym" title="Demonym">Demonym</a></th><td class="infobox-data">Nijmegenaar</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Time_zone" title="Time zone">Time zone</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/UTC%2B1" class="mw-redirect" title="UTC+1">UTC+1</a> (<a href="/wiki/Central_European_Time" title="Central European Time">CET</a>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><span class="nowrap"> • Summer (<a href="/wiki/Daylight_saving_time" title="Daylight saving time">DST</a>)</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/UTC%2B2" class="mw-redirect" title="UTC+2">UTC+2</a> (<a href="/wiki/Central_European_Summer_Time" title="Central European Summer Time">CEST</a>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Postal_codes_in_the_Netherlands" title="Postal codes in the Netherlands">Postcode</a></th><td class="infobox-data adr"><div class="postal-code">6500–6547, 6679, 6683</div></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Telephone_numbers_in_the_Netherlands" title="Telephone numbers in the Netherlands">Area code</a></th><td class="infobox-data">024, 0481</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Website</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nijmegen.nl">www<wbr />.nijmegen<wbr />.nl</a></span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data maptable"><a class="mw-kartographer-map notheme mw-kartographer-container center" style="width: 270px; height: 200px;" data-mw-kartographer="mapframe" data-style="osm-intl" data-width="270" data-height="200" data-zoom="5" data-overlays="["_f2809de9bfc1110018b0e5f904f951cae36f6911"]"><img src="https://maps.wikimedia.org/img/osm-intl,5,a,a,270x200.png?lang=en&domain=en.wikipedia.org&title=Nijmegen&revid=1258813946&groups=_f2809de9bfc1110018b0e5f904f951cae36f6911" width="270" height="200" decoding="async" srcset="https://maps.wikimedia.org/img/osm-intl,5,a,a,270x200@2x.png?lang=en&domain=en.wikipedia.org&title=Nijmegen&revid=1258813946&groups=_f2809de9bfc1110018b0e5f904f951cae36f6911 2x" alt="Map" /></a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-below">Click on the map for a fullscreen view</td></tr></tbody></table> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Grote_Markt,_Grootemarkt,_Kruismarkt._Nijmegen,_Terassen._Zicht_richting_Burchtstraat.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Grote_Markt%2C_Grootemarkt%2C_Kruismarkt._Nijmegen%2C_Terassen._Zicht_richting_Burchtstraat.jpg/220px-Grote_Markt%2C_Grootemarkt%2C_Kruismarkt._Nijmegen%2C_Terassen._Zicht_richting_Burchtstraat.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="146" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Grote_Markt%2C_Grootemarkt%2C_Kruismarkt._Nijmegen%2C_Terassen._Zicht_richting_Burchtstraat.jpg/330px-Grote_Markt%2C_Grootemarkt%2C_Kruismarkt._Nijmegen%2C_Terassen._Zicht_richting_Burchtstraat.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Grote_Markt%2C_Grootemarkt%2C_Kruismarkt._Nijmegen%2C_Terassen._Zicht_richting_Burchtstraat.jpg/440px-Grote_Markt%2C_Grootemarkt%2C_Kruismarkt._Nijmegen%2C_Terassen._Zicht_richting_Burchtstraat.jpg 2x" data-file-width="6016" data-file-height="4000" /></a><figcaption>Market square</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Waaggebouw_Boterwaag_Nijmegen_Renaissance_Grote_Markt_Waag.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Waaggebouw_Boterwaag_Nijmegen_Renaissance_Grote_Markt_Waag.jpg/220px-Waaggebouw_Boterwaag_Nijmegen_Renaissance_Grote_Markt_Waag.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="146" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Waaggebouw_Boterwaag_Nijmegen_Renaissance_Grote_Markt_Waag.jpg/330px-Waaggebouw_Boterwaag_Nijmegen_Renaissance_Grote_Markt_Waag.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Waaggebouw_Boterwaag_Nijmegen_Renaissance_Grote_Markt_Waag.jpg/440px-Waaggebouw_Boterwaag_Nijmegen_Renaissance_Grote_Markt_Waag.jpg 2x" data-file-width="6016" data-file-height="4000" /></a><figcaption>Weighhouse (1613)</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Concertgebouw_de_Vereeniging_Nijmegen_Art_Deco_Jugendstil_1915_Concert_hall_Opera.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/Concertgebouw_de_Vereeniging_Nijmegen_Art_Deco_Jugendstil_1915_Concert_hall_Opera.jpg/220px-Concertgebouw_de_Vereeniging_Nijmegen_Art_Deco_Jugendstil_1915_Concert_hall_Opera.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="146" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/Concertgebouw_de_Vereeniging_Nijmegen_Art_Deco_Jugendstil_1915_Concert_hall_Opera.jpg/330px-Concertgebouw_de_Vereeniging_Nijmegen_Art_Deco_Jugendstil_1915_Concert_hall_Opera.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/Concertgebouw_de_Vereeniging_Nijmegen_Art_Deco_Jugendstil_1915_Concert_hall_Opera.jpg/440px-Concertgebouw_de_Vereeniging_Nijmegen_Art_Deco_Jugendstil_1915_Concert_hall_Opera.jpg 2x" data-file-width="6016" data-file-height="4000" /></a><figcaption>Concert hall Opera <a href="/wiki/Concertgebouw_de_Vereeniging" title="Concertgebouw de Vereeniging">Concertgebouw de Vereeniging</a></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Romeins_Masker_Ruitermasker_Gezichtshelm_Romeinse_Andreas_Hetfeld_2020_Nijmegen.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Romeins_Masker_Ruitermasker_Gezichtshelm_Romeinse_Andreas_Hetfeld_2020_Nijmegen.jpg/220px-Romeins_Masker_Ruitermasker_Gezichtshelm_Romeinse_Andreas_Hetfeld_2020_Nijmegen.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="146" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Romeins_Masker_Ruitermasker_Gezichtshelm_Romeinse_Andreas_Hetfeld_2020_Nijmegen.jpg/330px-Romeins_Masker_Ruitermasker_Gezichtshelm_Romeinse_Andreas_Hetfeld_2020_Nijmegen.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Romeins_Masker_Ruitermasker_Gezichtshelm_Romeinse_Andreas_Hetfeld_2020_Nijmegen.jpg/440px-Romeins_Masker_Ruitermasker_Gezichtshelm_Romeinse_Andreas_Hetfeld_2020_Nijmegen.jpg 2x" data-file-width="6016" data-file-height="4000" /></a><figcaption>A sculpture from 2020 inspired by the <a href="/wiki/Nijmegen_Helmet" title="Nijmegen Helmet">Nijmegen Helmet</a></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Nijmegen_Stadscentrum_Kronenburger_park_zomer.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Nijmegen_Stadscentrum_Kronenburger_park_zomer.jpg/220px-Nijmegen_Stadscentrum_Kronenburger_park_zomer.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="145" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Nijmegen_Stadscentrum_Kronenburger_park_zomer.jpg/330px-Nijmegen_Stadscentrum_Kronenburger_park_zomer.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Nijmegen_Stadscentrum_Kronenburger_park_zomer.jpg/440px-Nijmegen_Stadscentrum_Kronenburger_park_zomer.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5370" data-file-height="3531" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Kronenburgerpark" title="Kronenburgerpark">Kronenburgerpark</a></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Molenstraat_met_nummer_95_Pand_uit_1902_met_stijlkenmerken_van_de_neorenaissance,_de_Art_Nouveau_en_het_Berlagianisme._Architect_P.G._Buskens_Nijmegen.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Molenstraat_met_nummer_95_Pand_uit_1902_met_stijlkenmerken_van_de_neorenaissance%2C_de_Art_Nouveau_en_het_Berlagianisme._Architect_P.G._Buskens_Nijmegen.jpg/220px-Molenstraat_met_nummer_95_Pand_uit_1902_met_stijlkenmerken_van_de_neorenaissance%2C_de_Art_Nouveau_en_het_Berlagianisme._Architect_P.G._Buskens_Nijmegen.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="146" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Molenstraat_met_nummer_95_Pand_uit_1902_met_stijlkenmerken_van_de_neorenaissance%2C_de_Art_Nouveau_en_het_Berlagianisme._Architect_P.G._Buskens_Nijmegen.jpg/330px-Molenstraat_met_nummer_95_Pand_uit_1902_met_stijlkenmerken_van_de_neorenaissance%2C_de_Art_Nouveau_en_het_Berlagianisme._Architect_P.G._Buskens_Nijmegen.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Molenstraat_met_nummer_95_Pand_uit_1902_met_stijlkenmerken_van_de_neorenaissance%2C_de_Art_Nouveau_en_het_Berlagianisme._Architect_P.G._Buskens_Nijmegen.jpg/440px-Molenstraat_met_nummer_95_Pand_uit_1902_met_stijlkenmerken_van_de_neorenaissance%2C_de_Art_Nouveau_en_het_Berlagianisme._Architect_P.G._Buskens_Nijmegen.jpg 2x" data-file-width="6016" data-file-height="4000" /></a><figcaption>Terraces Molenstraat</figcaption></figure> <p><b>Nijmegen</b> (<span class="rt-commentedText nowrap"><span class="IPA nopopups noexcerpt" lang="en-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/English" title="Help:IPA/English">/<span style="border-bottom:1px dotted"><span title="/ˈ/: primary stress follows">ˈ</span><span title="'n' in 'nigh'">n</span><span title="/aɪ/: 'i' in 'tide'">aɪ</span><span title="'m' in 'my'">m</span><span title="/eɪ/: 'a' in 'face'">eɪ</span><span title="/ɡ/: 'g' in 'guy'">ɡ</span><span title="/ən/: 'on' in 'button'">ən</span></span>/</a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Help:Pronunciation_respelling_key" title="Help:Pronunciation respelling key"><i title="English pronunciation respelling"><span style="font-size:90%">NY</span>-may-gən</i></a>,<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1177148991">.mw-parser-output .IPA-label-small{font-size:85%}.mw-parser-output .references .IPA-label-small,.mw-parser-output .infobox .IPA-label-small,.mw-parser-output .navbox .IPA-label-small{font-size:100%}</style><span class="IPA-label IPA-label-small">Dutch:</span> <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="nl-Latn-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Dutch" title="Help:IPA/Dutch">[ˈnɛimeːɣə(n)]</a></span> <span class="noprint"><span class="ext-phonos"><span data-nosnippet="" id="ooui-php-1" class="ext-phonos-PhonosButton noexcerpt ext-phonos-PhonosButton-emptylabel oo-ui-widget oo-ui-widget-enabled oo-ui-buttonElement oo-ui-buttonElement-frameless oo-ui-iconElement oo-ui-buttonWidget" data-ooui="{"_":"mw.Phonos.PhonosButton","href":"\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/transcoded\/5\/52\/Nl-Nijmegen.ogg\/Nl-Nijmegen.ogg.mp3","rel":["nofollow"],"framed":false,"icon":"volumeUp","data":{"ipa":"","text":"","lang":"en","wikibase":"","file":"Nl-Nijmegen.ogg"},"classes":["ext-phonos-PhonosButton","noexcerpt","ext-phonos-PhonosButton-emptylabel"]}"><a role="button" tabindex="0" href="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/52/Nl-Nijmegen.ogg/Nl-Nijmegen.ogg.mp3" rel="nofollow" aria-label="Play audio" title="Play audio" class="oo-ui-buttonElement-button"><span class="oo-ui-iconElement-icon oo-ui-icon-volumeUp"></span><span class="oo-ui-labelElement-label"></span><span class="oo-ui-indicatorElement-indicator oo-ui-indicatorElement-noIndicator"></span></a></span><sup class="ext-phonos-attribution noexcerpt navigation-not-searchable"><a href="/wiki/File:Nl-Nijmegen.ogg" title="File:Nl-Nijmegen.ogg">ⓘ</a></sup></span></span>;<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>a<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Kleverlandish" title="Kleverlandish">Nijmeegs</a>: <span title="uncoded-language text"><i lang="mis">Nimwèège</i></span> <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA" title="Help:IPA">[ˈnɪmβ̞ɛːçə]</a></span>) is the largest city in the Dutch province of <a href="/wiki/Gelderland" title="Gelderland">Gelderland</a> and the tenth largest of the <a href="/wiki/Netherlands" title="Netherlands">Netherlands</a> as a whole. Located on the <a href="/wiki/Waal_(river)" title="Waal (river)">Waal River</a> close to the <a href="/wiki/Germany%E2%80%93Netherlands_border" title="Germany–Netherlands border">German border</a>, Nijmegen is one of the oldest cities in the Netherlands and the first to be recognized as such in Roman times. In 2005, it celebrated 2,000 years of existence. </p><p>Nijmegen became a <a href="/wiki/Free_imperial_city" title="Free imperial city">free imperial city</a> in 1230 and in 1402 a <a href="/wiki/Hanseatic_League" title="Hanseatic League">Hanseatic</a> city. Since 1923 it has been a university city with the opening of a Catholic institution now known as the <a href="/wiki/Radboud_University_Nijmegen" title="Radboud University Nijmegen">Radboud University Nijmegen</a>. The city is well known for the annual <a href="/wiki/International_Four_Days_Marches_Nijmegen" title="International Four Days Marches Nijmegen">International Four Days Marches Nijmegen</a> event. </p><p>Its population as of 2024 was 187,011.<sup id="cite_ref-pop_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pop-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Population_centres">Population centres</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nijmegen&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Population centres"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The municipality is formed by the city of Nijmegen, incorporating the former villages of <a href="/wiki/Hatert" title="Hatert">Hatert</a>, Hees and Neerbosch, as well as the urban expansion projects in <a href="/wiki/Veur-Lent" title="Veur-Lent">Veur-Lent</a>, Nijmegen-Oosterhout and <a href="/wiki/Ressen,_Nijmegen" title="Ressen, Nijmegen">Nijmegen–Ressen</a>, all situated north of the <a href="/wiki/Waal_(river)" title="Waal (river)">river Waal</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Proximity_of_border_with_Germany">Proximity of border with Germany</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nijmegen&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Proximity of border with Germany"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The city lies a few kilometers from the border with Germany, and to some extent the westernmost villages in the municipality of <a href="/wiki/Kranenburg,_North_Rhine-Westphalia" title="Kranenburg, North Rhine-Westphalia">Kranenburg</a>, Germany, function as <a href="/wiki/Commuter_town" title="Commuter town">dormitories</a> for people who work in the Dutch city of Nijmegen in part due to the immigration of Dutch people from the region who were attracted by the lower house pricing just across the border. </p><p>The German city of <a href="/wiki/Duisburg" title="Duisburg">Duisburg</a> (in the <a href="/wiki/Ruhr" title="Ruhr">Ruhr</a> region) is about 78 km (48.5 mi) away, while the German town of <a href="/wiki/Kleve" title="Kleve">Kleve</a> (in the <a href="/wiki/Lower_Rhine_region" title="Lower Rhine region">Lower Rhine region</a>) is about 20 km (12.4 mi) away. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nijmegen&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">For a chronological guide, see <a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_Nijmegen" title="Timeline of Nijmegen">Timeline of Nijmegen</a>.</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236656977">.mw-parser-output .abbr-header{white-space:nowrap}.mw-parser-output .caption-purple{border:1px #a2a9b1 solid;border-bottom:none;background-color:lavender}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .caption-purple{background:inherit!important}}.mw-parser-output .table-pale{border:1px #a2a9b1 solid;border-top:none;background-color:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa);padding:5px}@media screen and (max-width:640px){.mw-parser-output .table-pale{border-top:1px #a2a9b1 solid!important}.mw-parser-output .caption-purple{border:none}}</style><table class="table-pale" style="width:15em;border-top-width:0;border-spacing: 0;float:left;clear:left;margin:0.5em 1em 0.5em 0;"><caption class="caption-purple" style="padding:0.25em;font-weight:bold">Historical population</caption><tbody><tr style="font-size:95%"><th style="border-bottom:1px solid var(--color-base, #000000);padding:1px;width:3em">Year</th><th style="border-bottom:1px solid var(--color-base, #000000);padding:1px 2px;text-align:right"><abbr title="Population" class="abbr-header">Pop.</abbr></th><th style="border-bottom:1px solid var(--color-base, #000000);padding:1px;text-align:right"><abbr title="Per annum growth rate" class="abbr-header">±% p.a.</abbr></th></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1400</th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">10,800</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">—    </td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1500</th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">12,000</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+0.11%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1560</th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">10,000</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">−0.30%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1611</th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">11,780</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+0.32%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px;border-bottom:1px solid #bbbbbb">1651</th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px;border-bottom:1px solid #bbbbbb">8,160</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px;border-bottom:1px solid #bbbbbb">−0.91%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1741</th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">12,000</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+0.43%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1795</th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">11,008</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">−0.16%</td></tr><tr><td colspan="3" style="border-top:1px solid var(--color-base, #000000);font-size:85%;text-align:left">Source: <a href="#CITEREFLourensLucassen1997">Lourens & Lucassen 1997</a></td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Antiquity">Antiquity</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nijmegen&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Antiquity"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The first mention of Nijmegen in history is in the first century BCE, when the <a href="/wiki/Roman_Empire" title="Roman Empire">Romans</a> built a military camp on the place where Nijmegen was to appear; the location had great strategic value because of the surrounding hills, which give a good view over the river Waal and <a href="/wiki/Rhine" title="Rhine">Rhine</a> valley. </p><p>By 69, when the <a href="/wiki/Batavi_(Germanic_tribe)" title="Batavi (Germanic tribe)">Batavi</a>, the original inhabitants of the <a href="/wiki/Rhine" title="Rhine">Rhine</a> and <a href="/wiki/Meuse" title="Meuse">Meuse</a> (<i>Maas</i>) delta, <a href="/wiki/Revolt_of_the_Batavi" title="Revolt of the Batavi">revolted</a>, a village called <i><a href="/wiki/Oppidum" title="Oppidum">Oppidum</a> Batavorum</i> had formed near the Roman camp. This village was destroyed in the revolt, but when it had ended the Romans built another, bigger camp where the <a href="/wiki/Legio_X_Gemina" title="Legio X Gemina">Legio X <i>Gemina</i></a> was stationed. Soon after, another village formed around this camp. </p><p>In 98, Nijmegen was the first of two settlements in what is now the <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_the_Netherlands" title="Kingdom of the Netherlands">Kingdom of the Netherlands</a> to receive <a href="/wiki/Municipium" title="Municipium">Roman city rights</a>. </p><p>In 103, the X <i>Gemina</i> was restationed in <a href="/wiki/Vindobona" title="Vindobona">Vindobona</a>, now <a href="/wiki/Vienna" title="Vienna">Vienna</a>, which may have been a major blow to the economy of the village around the camp, losing around 5000 inhabitants. In 104 Emperor <a href="/wiki/Trajan" title="Trajan">Trajan</a> renamed the town, which became known as <i>Ulpia Noviomagus Batavorum</i>, Noviomagus for short, the ultimate origin of the current name. </p><p>A collection of artifacts from Roman antiquity were compiled by <a href="/wiki/Johannes_Smetius" title="Johannes Smetius">Johannes Smetius</a> in the 17th century, called the <a href="/wiki/Smetius_Collection" title="Smetius Collection">Smetius Collection</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In January 2022, archeologists led by Pepijn van de Geer announced the discovery of an intact 2,000-year-old blue glass bowl with a vertical stripe pattern in Nijmegen. Researchers assume that this well-preserved bowl was made in a glass workshop. According to van de Geer, this type of bowl was made by allowing molten glass to cool and harden over a mold.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Middle_Ages">Middle Ages</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nijmegen&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Middle Ages"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Beginning in the latter half of the 4th century, Roman power decreased and Noviomagus eventually became part of <a href="/wiki/Francia" title="Francia">Francia</a>. It also appeared around this time on the <span title="Latin-language text"><i lang="la"><a href="/wiki/Tabula_Peutingeriana" title="Tabula Peutingeriana">Tabula Peutingeriana</a></i></span>. In the 8th century Emperor <a href="/wiki/Charlemagne" title="Charlemagne">Charlemagne</a> maintained his <i>palatium</i> in Nijmegen in 777,<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and possibly on at least three more occasions. During his brief deposition of 830, the emperor <a href="/wiki/Louis_the_Pious" title="Louis the Pious">Louis the Pious</a> was sent to Nijmegen by his son, <a href="/wiki/Lothair_I" title="Lothair I">Lothair I</a>. Thanks to the <a href="/wiki/Waal_(river)" title="Waal (river)">Waal</a>, trade flourished. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Henry_VI,_Holy_Roman_Emperor" title="Henry VI, Holy Roman Emperor">Henry VI, Holy Roman Emperor</a>, was born at Nijmegen in 1165. In 1230 his son <a href="/wiki/Frederick_II,_Holy_Roman_Emperor" title="Frederick II, Holy Roman Emperor">Frederick II</a> granted Nijmegen <a href="/wiki/City_rights_in_the_Low_Countries" title="City rights in the Low Countries">city rights</a>. In 1247, the city was ceded to the count of <a href="/wiki/Guelders" class="mw-redirect" title="Guelders">Guelders</a> as <a href="/wiki/Collateral_(finance)" title="Collateral (finance)">collateral</a> for a loan. The loan was never repaid, and Nijmegen has been a part of Gelderland ever since. This did not hamper trade; Nijmegen even became part of the <a href="/wiki/Hanseatic_League" title="Hanseatic League">Hanseatic League</a> in 1364. </p><p>The arts also flourished in this period. Famous medieval painters like the <a href="/wiki/Limbourg_brothers" title="Limbourg brothers">Limbourg brothers</a> were born and educated in Nijmegen. Some of <a href="/wiki/Hieronymus_Bosch" title="Hieronymus Bosch">Hieronymus Bosch</a>'s ancestors also came from the city.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Early_modern_period">Early modern period</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nijmegen&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Early modern period"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div><p> During the <a href="/wiki/Dutch_Revolt" class="mw-redirect" title="Dutch Revolt">Dutch Revolt</a>, trade came to a halt and even though Nijmegen became a part of the Republic of United Provinces after its <a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Nijmegen_(1591)" title="Siege of Nijmegen (1591)">capture from the Spanish in 1591</a>, it remained a <a href="/wiki/Border_town" title="Border town">border town</a> and had to endure multiple sieges. </p><figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:View_on_the_waal_janvangoyen.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/View_on_the_waal_janvangoyen.jpg/260px-View_on_the_waal_janvangoyen.jpg" decoding="async" width="260" height="155" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/View_on_the_waal_janvangoyen.jpg/390px-View_on_the_waal_janvangoyen.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/View_on_the_waal_janvangoyen.jpg/520px-View_on_the_waal_janvangoyen.jpg 2x" data-file-width="7130" data-file-height="4252" /></a><figcaption>The Waal river near Nijmegen, 1641</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Nijmegen_-_Stadhuis_en_Grote_Markt_1900.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7f/Nijmegen_-_Stadhuis_en_Grote_Markt_1900.jpg/260px-Nijmegen_-_Stadhuis_en_Grote_Markt_1900.jpg" decoding="async" width="260" height="186" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7f/Nijmegen_-_Stadhuis_en_Grote_Markt_1900.jpg/390px-Nijmegen_-_Stadhuis_en_Grote_Markt_1900.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7f/Nijmegen_-_Stadhuis_en_Grote_Markt_1900.jpg/520px-Nijmegen_-_Stadhuis_en_Grote_Markt_1900.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3194" data-file-height="2286" /></a><figcaption>Nijmegen town hall (left) around 1900</figcaption></figure> <p>In 1678 Nijmegen was host to the negotiations between the European powers that aimed to put an end to the constant warfare that had ravaged the continent for years. The result was the <a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Nijmegen" class="mw-redirect" title="Treaty of Nijmegen">Treaty of Nijmegen</a> that failed to provide for a lasting peace. </p><p>In 1702, at the start of the <a href="/wiki/War_of_the_Spanish_Succession" title="War of the Spanish Succession">War of the Spanish Succession</a>, the French nearly took Nijmegen by surprise. Only because of the intervention of an Anglo-Dutch army under the <a href="/wiki/Godert_de_Ginkel,_1st_Earl_of_Athlone" title="Godert de Ginkel, 1st Earl of Athlone">Earl of Athlone</a> and the bravery of the citizens of Nijmegen was the <a href="/wiki/Assault_on_Nijmegen_(1702)" title="Assault on Nijmegen (1702)">Assault on Nijmegen</a> repulsed. </p><p>In the second half of the 19th century, the fortifications around the city became a major problem. There were too many inhabitants inside the walls, but the fortifications could not be demolished because Nijmegen was deemed as being of vital importance to the defence of the Netherlands. When events in the <a href="/wiki/Franco-Prussian_war" class="mw-redirect" title="Franco-Prussian war">Franco-Prussian war</a> proved that old-fashioned fortifications were no longer of use, this policy was changed and the fortifications were dismantled in 1874. The old castle had already been demolished in 1797, so that its bricks could be sold. </p><p>Through the second half of the 19th century and the first half of the 20th century, Nijmegen grew steadily. In 1923 the current <a href="/wiki/Radboud_University_Nijmegen" title="Radboud University Nijmegen">Radboud University Nijmegen</a> was founded and in 1927 a channel was dug between the <a href="/wiki/Waal_(river)" title="Waal (river)">Waal</a> and <a href="/wiki/Meuse" title="Meuse">Meuse</a> (<i>Maas</i>) rivers. </p><p>The Waal was bridged in 1878 by a <a href="/wiki/Nijmegen_railway_bridge" title="Nijmegen railway bridge">rail bridge</a> and in 1936 by a <a href="/wiki/Waalbrug" title="Waalbrug">road bridge</a>, which was claimed to be Europe's biggest bridge at the time. In November 2013 a second road bridge (<a href="/wiki/Dutch_language" title="Dutch language">Dutch</a>: <i lang="nl"><a href="/wiki/De_Oversteek" title="De Oversteek">De Oversteek</a></i>), 2 km downstream, was opened to ease congestion.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="World_War_II">World War II</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nijmegen&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: World War II"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 1940, <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_the_Netherlands" class="mw-redirect" title="Battle of the Netherlands">the Netherlands was invaded</a> by Germany, with Nijmegen being the first Dutch city to fall into German hands. On 22 February 1944, <a href="/wiki/Bombing_of_Nijmegen" title="Bombing of Nijmegen">Nijmegen was heavily bombed</a> by American planes, causing great damage to the city centre. It was subsequently claimed by the Allies that the American pilots thought they were bombing the German city of <a href="/wiki/Kleve" title="Kleve">Kleve</a>, while the Germans alleged that it was a planned operation authorised by the Dutch government in exile. The Dutch organization for investigating wartime atrocities, the <a href="/wiki/NIOD" class="mw-redirect" title="NIOD">NIOD</a>, announced in January 2005 that its study of the incident confirmed that it was an accident caused by poor communications and chaos in the airspace. Over 750 people died in the bombardment.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>During September 1944, the city saw heavy fighting during <a href="/wiki/Operation_Market_Garden" title="Operation Market Garden">Operation Market Garden</a>. The objective of the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Nijmegen" title="Battle of Nijmegen">Battle of Nijmegen</a> was mainly to prevent the Germans from destroying the bridges. Capturing the road bridge allowed the British Army <a href="/wiki/XXX_Corps_(United_Kingdom)" title="XXX Corps (United Kingdom)">XXX Corps</a> to attempt to reach the <a href="/wiki/1st_British_Airborne_Division" class="mw-redirect" title="1st British Airborne Division">1st British Airborne Division</a> in <a href="/wiki/Arnhem" title="Arnhem">Arnhem</a>. The bridge was heavily defended by over 300 German troops on both the north and south sides with close to 20 <a href="/wiki/Anti-tank_guns" class="mw-redirect" title="Anti-tank guns">anti-tank guns</a> and two <a href="/wiki/Anti-aircraft_guns" class="mw-redirect" title="Anti-aircraft guns">anti-aircraft guns</a>, supported with artillery. The Germans' late attempt to blow the road bridge was possibly foiled by a local Dutch resistance hero, <a href="/wiki/Jan_van_Hoof" title="Jan van Hoof">Jan van Hoof</a>, who is said to have cut the wires to the bridge. The Germans made repeated attacks on the bridge using bombs attached to driftwood, midget submarines and later resorted to shelling the bridge with <a href="/wiki/88mm" class="mw-redirect" title="88mm">88mm</a> barrages. Troops <sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="margin-left:0.1em; white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Please_clarify" title="Wikipedia:Please clarify"><span title="The text near this tag may need clarification or removal of jargon. (September 2019)">clarification needed</span></a> German or Allied?</i>]</sup> were positioned on the bridge giving an excellent arc of fire in case of attack. Troops that could not fit onto the bridge were positioned in a bombed-out house slightly upstream of the bridge. During the shelling, the house was hit, killing six soldiers and wounding one. Nijmegen was liberated from German occupation by the British <a href="/wiki/Grenadier_Guards" title="Grenadier Guards">Grenadier Guards</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Guards_Armoured_Division" title="Guards Armoured Division">Guards Armoured Division</a>, as well as elements of the American <a href="/wiki/82nd_Airborne_Division" title="82nd Airborne Division">82nd Airborne Division</a> in September 1944. The city was later used as a springboard for <a href="/wiki/Operation_Veritable" title="Operation Veritable">Operation Veritable</a>, the invasion across the Rhine River by Allied Troops. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Post-war_period">Post-war period</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nijmegen&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Post-war period"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>From 1946 to 1948 <a href="/w/index.php?title=Mari%C3%ABnbosch_concentration_camp&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mariënbosch concentration camp (page does not exist)">Mariënbosch concentration camp</a>, near Nijmegen, was used to house German nationals who were to be deported from the Netherlands. </p><p>On 23 February 1981, the Nijmegen police department and the <a href="/wiki/Royal_Netherlands_Army" title="Royal Netherlands Army">Dutch Army</a> stormed the <a href="/wiki/Piersonstraat_riots" title="Piersonstraat riots">Piersonstraat</a> and Zeigelhof, a squatted housing block in the city centre of Nijmegen. Using 200 riot vans, three <a href="/wiki/Leopard_1" title="Leopard 1">Leopard 1s</a>, three <a href="/wiki/Armoured_personnel_carrier" title="Armoured personnel carrier">armoured personnel carriers</a>, a helicopter, 1,200 policemen, and 750 members of the armed forces, they evicted the squatters and demolished the block, while clouding the entire area in teargas and <a href="/wiki/CS_gas" title="CS gas">CS gas</a>. This received enormous backlash in local politics. While the city government wanted the squatters out to build a parking garage, most of the population wanted affordable housing to be built in the area. </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/City_council" class="mw-redirect" title="City council">city council</a> was largely dominated by left-wing and progressive parties such as the <a href="/wiki/GroenLinks" title="GroenLinks">Green Party</a>, <a href="/wiki/Democrats_66" title="Democrats 66">Democrats 66</a>, <a href="/wiki/Socialist_Party_(Netherlands)" title="Socialist Party (Netherlands)">Socialist Party</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Labour_Party_(Netherlands)" title="Labour Party (Netherlands)">Labour</a>. At times Nijmegen has been the only major city in the Netherlands with a solely left-wing government, and received the nickname '<a href="/wiki/Havana" title="Havana">Havana</a> on the Waal'.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Nijmegen celebrated its 2000th year of existence in 2005. It is considered the oldest city in the Netherlands. In gaining this qualification, it has competed with the city of <a href="/wiki/Maastricht" title="Maastricht">Maastricht</a>. </p><p>In November 2005, the city centre of Nijmegen was the site of the assassination of political activist <a href="/wiki/Louis_S%C3%A9v%C3%A8ke" title="Louis Sévèke">Louis Sévèke</a> by a former activist, Marcel Teunissen, who was arrested in 2007 in Spain and extradited to the Netherlands. Teunissen has also been accused of bank robbery. He committed his acts out of revenge for a forcible eviction from the squatter scene by Louis Sévèke. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Geography">Geography</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nijmegen&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Geography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Climate">Climate</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nijmegen&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Climate"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Nijmegen has an <a href="/wiki/Oceanic_climate" title="Oceanic climate">oceanic climate</a> (<i>Cfb</i>). It is one of the warmest cities of the Netherlands, especially during summer, when the highest temperatures in the country are usually measured in the triangle Roermond–Nijmegen–Eindhoven. The lack of north–south oriented mountain ranges in Europe make this area prone to sudden shifts in weather, giving the region a semi-continental climate. </p><p>Some of the northernmost wineries in the world are found just outside Nijmegen, around <a href="/wiki/Groesbeek" title="Groesbeek">Groesbeek</a>, a suburban village south-east of Nijmegen. </p><p>During the <a href="/wiki/2006_European_heat_wave" class="mw-redirect" title="2006 European heat wave">2006 European heat wave</a>, closest official weather station Volkel reached a high of 36.7 °C (98.1 °F) on 19 July. The heat wave coincided with that year's Four Day Marches, which were cancelled after the first day, when two people died of <a href="/wiki/Hyperthermia" title="Hyperthermia">hyperthermia</a>-related causes. Temperatures on that day, 18 July, reached around 36 °C (96.8 °F) in the city. </p> <div> <table class="wikitable mw-collapsible" style="width:auto; text-align:center; line-height:1.2em;"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="14">Climate data for Nijmegen, Netherlands (1971–2000) </th></tr> <tr> <th scope="row">Month </th> <th scope="col">Jan </th> <th scope="col">Feb </th> <th scope="col">Mar </th> <th scope="col">Apr </th> <th scope="col">May </th> <th scope="col">Jun </th> <th scope="col">Jul </th> <th scope="col">Aug </th> <th scope="col">Sep </th> <th scope="col">Oct </th> <th scope="col">Nov </th> <th scope="col">Dec </th> <th scope="col" style="border-left-width:medium">Year </th></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Record high °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #FFB66E; color:#000000;" class="notheme">15.0<br />(59.0) </td> <td style="background: #FFA449; color:#000000;" class="notheme">17.7<br />(63.9) </td> <td style="background: #FF7F00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">23.0<br />(73.4) </td> <td style="background: #FF6300; color:#000000;" class="notheme">27.1<br />(80.8) </td> <td style="background: #FF4200; color:#000000;" class="notheme">31.9<br />(89.4) </td> <td style="background: #FF2E00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">34.8<br />(94.6) </td> <td style="background: #FF2100; color:#000000;" class="notheme">36.7<br />(98.1) </td> <td style="background: #FF2300; color:#000000;" class="notheme">36.3<br />(97.3) </td> <td style="background: #FF4800; color:#000000;" class="notheme">31.0<br />(87.8) </td> <td style="background: #FF6000; color:#000000;" class="notheme">27.5<br />(81.5) </td> <td style="background: #FF9F3F; color:#000000;" class="notheme">18.4<br />(65.1) </td> <td style="background: #FFAF60; color:#000000;" class="notheme">16.0<br />(60.8) </td> <td style="background: #FF2100; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">36.7<br />(98.1) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Mean daily maximum °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #FFFAF5; color:#000000;" class="notheme">5.2<br />(41.4) </td> <td style="background: #FFF3E7; color:#000000;" class="notheme">6.2<br />(43.2) </td> <td style="background: #FFDAB5; color:#000000;" class="notheme">9.8<br />(49.6) </td> <td style="background: #FFC285; color:#000000;" class="notheme">13.3<br />(55.9) </td> <td style="background: #FFA143; color:#000000;" class="notheme">18.1<br />(64.6) </td> <td style="background: #FF9123; color:#000000;" class="notheme">20.4<br />(68.7) </td> <td style="background: #FF8205; color:#000000;" class="notheme">22.6<br />(72.7) </td> <td style="background: #FF8001; color:#000000;" class="notheme">22.9<br />(73.2) </td> <td style="background: #FF9B37; color:#000000;" class="notheme">19.0<br />(66.2) </td> <td style="background: #FFBB77; color:#000000;" class="notheme">14.3<br />(57.7) </td> <td style="background: #FFE0C2; color:#000000;" class="notheme">8.9<br />(48.0) </td> <td style="background: #FFF3E7; color:#000000;" class="notheme">6.2<br />(43.2) </td> <td style="background: #FFBE7D; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">13.9<br />(57.0) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Daily mean °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #F4F4FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">2.6<br />(36.7) </td> <td style="background: #F6F6FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">2.9<br />(37.2) </td> <td style="background: #FFF6ED; color:#000000;" class="notheme">5.8<br />(42.4) </td> <td style="background: #FFE4C9; color:#000000;" class="notheme">8.4<br />(47.1) </td> <td style="background: #FFC58B; color:#000000;" class="notheme">12.9<br />(55.2) </td> <td style="background: #FFB367; color:#000000;" class="notheme">15.5<br />(59.9) </td> <td style="background: #FFA54B; color:#000000;" class="notheme">17.5<br />(63.5) </td> <td style="background: #FFA64E; color:#000000;" class="notheme">17.3<br />(63.1) </td> <td style="background: #FFBC7A; color:#000000;" class="notheme">14.1<br />(57.4) </td> <td style="background: #FFD7B0; color:#000000;" class="notheme">10.2<br />(50.4) </td> <td style="background: #FFF4EA; color:#000000;" class="notheme">6.0<br />(42.8) </td> <td style="background: #FBFBFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">3.8<br />(38.8) </td> <td style="background: #FFDAB5; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">9.8<br />(49.6) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Mean daily minimum °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #E5E5FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−0.2<br />(31.6) </td> <td style="background: #E4E4FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−0.4<br />(31.3) </td> <td style="background: #EFEFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">1.7<br />(35.1) </td> <td style="background: #F9F9FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">3.4<br />(38.1) </td> <td style="background: #FFEBD7; color:#000000;" class="notheme">7.4<br />(45.3) </td> <td style="background: #FFD7B0; color:#000000;" class="notheme">10.2<br />(50.4) </td> <td style="background: #FFC994; color:#000000;" class="notheme">12.2<br />(54.0) </td> <td style="background: #FFCD9B; color:#000000;" class="notheme">11.7<br />(53.1) </td> <td style="background: #FFDDBB; color:#000000;" class="notheme">9.4<br />(48.9) </td> <td style="background: #FFF3E8; color:#000000;" class="notheme">6.1<br />(43.0) </td> <td style="background: #F5F5FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">2.8<br />(37.0) </td> <td style="background: #ECECFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">1.0<br />(33.8) </td> <td style="background: #FFF8F2; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">5.4<br />(41.7) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Record low °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #7A7AFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−20.1<br />(−4.2) </td> <td style="background: #9494FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−15.3<br />(4.5) </td> <td style="background: #9C9CFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−13.7<br />(7.3) </td> <td style="background: #BEBEFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−7.4<br />(18.7) </td> <td style="background: #DDDDFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−1.7<br />(28.9) </td> <td style="background: #EBEBFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.9<br />(33.6) </td> <td style="background: #FBFBFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">3.8<br />(38.8) </td> <td style="background: #F9F9FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">3.5<br />(38.3) </td> <td style="background: #E1E1FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−0.9<br />(30.4) </td> <td style="background: #C9C9FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−5.5<br />(22.1) </td> <td style="background: #B1B1FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−9.8<br />(14.4) </td> <td style="background: #8181FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−18.8<br />(−1.8) </td> <td style="background: #7A7AFF; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">−20.1<br />(−4.2) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Average <a href="/wiki/Precipitation" title="Precipitation">precipitation</a> mm (inches) </th> <td style="background: #9E9EFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">64.8<br />(2.55) </td> <td style="background: #B9B9FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">42.7<br />(1.68) </td> <td style="background: #A1A1FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">63.0<br />(2.48) </td> <td style="background: #BABAFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">44.4<br />(1.75) </td> <td style="background: #A7A7FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">58.8<br />(2.31) </td> <td style="background: #8C8CFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">74.3<br />(2.93) </td> <td style="background: #A1A1FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">62.6<br />(2.46) </td> <td style="background: #ABABFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">56.2<br />(2.21) </td> <td style="background: #9494FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">68.9<br />(2.71) </td> <td style="background: #9C9CFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">66.2<br />(2.61) </td> <td style="background: #9393FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">69.9<br />(2.75) </td> <td style="background: #9393FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">72.3<br />(2.85) </td> <td style="background: #A0A0FF; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">744.1<br />(29.30) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Average precipitation days </th> <td style="background: #0000EE; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">22 </td> <td style="background: #1818FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">17 </td> <td style="background: #0000FA; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">21 </td> <td style="background: #1919FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">18 </td> <td style="background: #2D2DFF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">17 </td> <td style="background: #1919FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">18 </td> <td style="background: #2D2DFF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">17 </td> <td style="background: #2D2DFF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">17 </td> <td style="background: #1919FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">18 </td> <td style="background: #1414FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">19 </td> <td style="background: #0000F2; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">21 </td> <td style="background: #0000EE; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">22 </td> <td style="background: #1111FF; color:#FFFFFF; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">227 </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Average <a href="/wiki/Relative_humidity" class="mw-redirect" title="Relative humidity">relative humidity</a> (%) </th> <td style="background: #0000A9; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">89 </td> <td style="background: #0000B5; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">86 </td> <td style="background: #0000C4; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">82 </td> <td style="background: #0000D7; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">77 </td> <td style="background: #0000DF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">75 </td> <td style="background: #0000DB; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">76 </td> <td style="background: #0000D7; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">77 </td> <td style="background: #0000D7; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">77 </td> <td style="background: #0000C0; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">83 </td> <td style="background: #0000B1; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">87 </td> <td style="background: #0000A5; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">90 </td> <td style="background: #0000A5; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">90 </td> <td style="background: #0000C4; color:#FFFFFF; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">82 </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Mean monthly <a href="/wiki/Sunshine_duration" title="Sunshine duration">sunshine hours</a> </th> <td style="background: #565656; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">47.4 </td> <td style="background: #949494; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">74.1 </td> <td style="background: #AFAF87; color:#000000;" class="notheme">105.7 </td> <td style="background: #C7C700; color:#000000;" class="notheme">151.7 </td> <td style="background: #D6D600; color:#000000;" class="notheme">193.5 </td> <td style="background: #D0D000; color:#000000;" class="notheme">172.5 </td> <td style="background: #D3D300; color:#000000;" class="notheme">183.1 </td> <td style="background: #D3D300; color:#000000;" class="notheme">182.9 </td> <td style="background: #BBBB40; color:#000000;" class="notheme">127.4 </td> <td style="background: #AEAE8F; color:#000000;" class="notheme">102.8 </td> <td style="background: #696969; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">55.8 </td> <td style="background: #494949; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">40.0 </td> <td style="background: #B7B75A; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">1,436.9 </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="14" style="text-align:center;font-size:95%;">Source: Klimaatatlas van Nederland, normaalperiode 1971–2000, <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/90-389-1191-2" title="Special:BookSources/90-389-1191-2">90-389-1191-2</a> </td></tr></tbody></table> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Historical_remains">Historical remains</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nijmegen&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Historical remains"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Few Roman remains are visible today; a fragment of the old city wall can be seen near the <a href="/wiki/Casino" title="Casino">casino</a> and the foundations of the <a href="/wiki/Amphitheatre" title="Amphitheatre">amphitheatre</a> are traced in the paving of the present-day Rembrandtstraat. The <a href="/wiki/Valkhof_Museum" title="Valkhof Museum">Valkhof Museum</a>, on the Valkhof, has a permanent display of the history of Nijmegen, including artifacts from the Roman era.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Additionally, they usually have temporary exhibitions of more and less famous artists. During building works in the Waalsprong area, ruins from before the Roman times were found which were identified in 2022 as those of a sauna. This 3,600 year-old sauna is the first of its kind in mainland Europe.<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Not many very old buildings are left in town: first the Americans bombed it in February 1944, later the Germans shelled it for about five months after the liberation in September 1944, and finally there were a number of vigorous city planners in the 1950s, 60s and 70s who finished the demolition. There are still a few noteworthy sights, however. Valkhof hill downtown features a Carolingian chapel (eighth, ninth century AD) and a small remainder of an imperial castle that was demolished in 1798. The 750-year old Stevenskerk had to be reconstructed after WWII.<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Demographics">Demographics</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nijmegen&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Demographics"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>As of 2023, Nijmegen has a total population of about 182,465.<sup id="cite_ref-pop_11-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pop-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th>2020<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </th> <th>Numbers </th> <th>% </th></tr> <tr> <th>Dutch natives </th> <td>130,549 </td> <td>73.4% </td></tr> <tr> <th>Western migration background </th> <td>21,457 </td> <td>12% </td></tr> <tr> <th>Non-Western migration background </th> <td>25,653 </td> <td>14.4% </td></tr> <tr> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Turkey" title="Turkey">Turkey</a></i> </td> <td>5,553 </td> <td>3.1% </td></tr> <tr> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Indonesia" title="Indonesia">Indonesia</a></i> </td> <td>4,167 </td> <td>2.3% </td></tr> <tr> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Morocco" title="Morocco">Morocco</a></i> </td> <td>3,930 </td> <td>2.2% </td></tr> <tr> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Netherlands_Antilles" title="Netherlands Antilles">Netherlands Antilles</a> and <a href="/wiki/Aruba" title="Aruba">Aruba</a></i> </td> <td>2,197 </td> <td>1.23% </td></tr> <tr> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Suriname" title="Suriname">Suriname</a></i> </td> <td>1,590 </td> <td>0.89% </td></tr> <tr> <td>Total </td> <td>177,659 </td> <td>100% </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Politics">Politics</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nijmegen&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Politics"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The city is governed by a council of 39 councillors, elected every four years. </p> <table class="wikitable sortable" style="float:left;"> <caption><b>Council seats 2018–2022</b> </caption> <tbody><tr> <th>Party</th> <th>Seats<br />2022<sup id="cite_ref-Nij22_26-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Nij22-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </th> <th>Change from<br />2018<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/GroenLinks" title="GroenLinks">GroenLinks</a> (Greens)</td> <td>9 </td> <td>-2 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Stadspartij Nijmegen</td> <td>7 </td> <td>+4 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Democrats_66" title="Democrats 66">D66</a> (Liberal Democrats)</td> <td>6 </td> <td>-0 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Labour_Party_(Netherlands)" title="Labour Party (Netherlands)">PvdA</a> (Labour)</td> <td>4 </td> <td>+1 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Party_for_the_Animals" title="Party for the Animals">PvdD</a> (Party for the Animals)</td> <td>4 </td> <td>+2 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Socialist_Party_(Netherlands)" title="Socialist Party (Netherlands)">SP</a> (Socialists)</td> <td>3 </td> <td>-2 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/People%27s_Party_for_Freedom_and_Democracy" title="People's Party for Freedom and Democracy">VVD</a> (Conservative Liberals)</td> <td>3 </td> <td>-1 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Christian_Democratic_Appeal" title="Christian Democratic Appeal">CDA</a> (Christian–Democrats)</td> <td>2 </td> <td>0 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Gewoon Nijmegen</td> <td>1 </td> <td>0 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/50PLUS" title="50PLUS">50PLUS</a></td> <td>0 </td> <td>-1 </td></tr> <tr> <td>VoorNijmegen.NU</td> <td>0 </td> <td>-1 </td></tr></tbody></table> <div style="clear:left;" class=""></div> <p>After the 2022 municipal elections,<sup id="cite_ref-Nij22_26-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Nij22-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> the three largest parties, <a href="/wiki/GroenLinks" title="GroenLinks">GroenLinks</a> (9 seats), Stadspartij Nijmegen (7 seats) and the <a href="/wiki/Democrats_66" title="Democrats 66">D66</a> (6 seats) formed a coalition.<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Since 2012 the mayor has been <a href="/wiki/Hubert_Bruls" title="Hubert Bruls">Hubert Bruls</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Christian_Democratic_Appeal" title="Christian Democratic Appeal">Christian Democratic Appeal</a> party (CDA), the city council approving a third six-year term from 2024.<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In addition to the city council, since 1988 Nijmegen has been part of a <a href="/wiki/City_region#Netherlands" title="City region">regional body</a>. Since 2021 this has been the Arnhem-Nijmegen Green Metropolitan Region (<a href="/wiki/Dutch_language" title="Dutch language">Dutch</a>: <i lang="nl">Groene Metropoolregio Arnhem-Nijmegen</i>), which aids co-operation in planning and development in the region's eighteen municipalities.<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Twin_and_sister_cities">Twin and sister cities</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nijmegen&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Twin and sister cities"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Nijmegen is <a href="/wiki/Twin_towns_and_sister_cities" class="mw-redirect" title="Twin towns and sister cities">twinned</a> with: </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Albany,_New_York" title="Albany, New York">Albany, New York</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gaziantep" title="Gaziantep">Gaziantep</a>, Turkey</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Higashimatsuyama" class="mw-redirect" title="Higashimatsuyama">Higashimatsuyama</a>, Japan</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Masaya" title="Masaya">Masaya</a>, Nicaragua</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oulu" title="Oulu">Oulu</a>, Finland</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pskov" title="Pskov">Pskov</a>, Russia</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suzhou" title="Suzhou">Suzhou</a>, China</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Culture">Culture</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nijmegen&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Culture"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Events">Events</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nijmegen&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Events"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Aankomst_deelnemers_van_de_Vierdaagse_Nijmegen_2019_op_de_Sint_Anna_straat_St_Annastraat_Via_Gladiola.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Aankomst_deelnemers_van_de_Vierdaagse_Nijmegen_2019_op_de_Sint_Anna_straat_St_Annastraat_Via_Gladiola.jpg/220px-Aankomst_deelnemers_van_de_Vierdaagse_Nijmegen_2019_op_de_Sint_Anna_straat_St_Annastraat_Via_Gladiola.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="146" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Aankomst_deelnemers_van_de_Vierdaagse_Nijmegen_2019_op_de_Sint_Anna_straat_St_Annastraat_Via_Gladiola.jpg/330px-Aankomst_deelnemers_van_de_Vierdaagse_Nijmegen_2019_op_de_Sint_Anna_straat_St_Annastraat_Via_Gladiola.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Aankomst_deelnemers_van_de_Vierdaagse_Nijmegen_2019_op_de_Sint_Anna_straat_St_Annastraat_Via_Gladiola.jpg/440px-Aankomst_deelnemers_van_de_Vierdaagse_Nijmegen_2019_op_de_Sint_Anna_straat_St_Annastraat_Via_Gladiola.jpg 2x" data-file-width="6016" data-file-height="4000" /></a><figcaption>Four Days Marches</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Four_Days_Marches">Four Days Marches</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nijmegen&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Four Days Marches"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Nijmegen has hosted since 1925 the annual <a href="/wiki/International_Four_Days_Marches_Nijmegen" title="International Four Days Marches Nijmegen">Four Days Marches</a> (Vierdaagse), as a means of promoting sport and exercise.<sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Beginning on the third Tuesday of each July, over 40,000 participants from about 70 countries undertake four days of walking with distances ranging from 30 to 50 km (19 to 31 mi) a day.<sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The marches are supplemented with festivities such as the <i>Vierdaagse Festival</i>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="People">People</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nijmegen&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: People"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Saint_Petrus_Canisius.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/Saint_Petrus_Canisius.jpg/100px-Saint_Petrus_Canisius.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="160" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/Saint_Petrus_Canisius.jpg/150px-Saint_Petrus_Canisius.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/Saint_Petrus_Canisius.jpg/200px-Saint_Petrus_Canisius.jpg 2x" data-file-width="936" data-file-height="1500" /></a><figcaption>Saint Petrus Canisius</figcaption></figure> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Margarita_de_Bourbon_de_Parme_(2016).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/Margarita_de_Bourbon_de_Parme_%282016%29.jpg/100px-Margarita_de_Bourbon_de_Parme_%282016%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="133" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/Margarita_de_Bourbon_de_Parme_%282016%29.jpg/150px-Margarita_de_Bourbon_de_Parme_%282016%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/Margarita_de_Bourbon_de_Parme_%282016%29.jpg/200px-Margarita_de_Bourbon_de_Parme_%282016%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="510" data-file-height="680" /></a><figcaption>Margarita de Bourbon de Parme, 2016</figcaption></figure> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:TitusBrandsma.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/TitusBrandsma.jpg/100px-TitusBrandsma.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="157" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/TitusBrandsma.jpg/150px-TitusBrandsma.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/TitusBrandsma.jpg/200px-TitusBrandsma.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1984" data-file-height="3120" /></a><figcaption>Titus Brandsma, 1920s</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Natives">Natives</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nijmegen&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: Natives"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Henry_VI,_Holy_Roman_Emperor" title="Henry VI, Holy Roman Emperor">Henry VI, Holy Roman Emperor</a> (1165–1197)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jean_Malouel" title="Jean Malouel">Jean Malouel</a> (1365-1416), painter</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Limbourg_brothers" title="Limbourg brothers">Limbourg brothers</a> (1385–1416), medieval painters</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Giovanni_Antoniano" title="Giovanni Antoniano">Giovanni Antoniano</a> (died 1588), Patristic scholar</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Petrus_Canisius" class="mw-redirect" title="Petrus Canisius">Petrus Canisius</a> (1521–1597), Catholic <a href="/wiki/Saint" title="Saint">saint</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henriette_Pressburg" title="Henriette Pressburg">Henriette Pressburg</a> (1788–1863), mother of <a href="/wiki/Karl_Marx" title="Karl Marx">Karl Marx</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henriette_Pressburg#Sophie_Pressburg_and_Lion_Philips" title="Henriette Pressburg">Sophie Pressburg</a> (1797–1854), grandmother of <a href="/wiki/Anton_Philips" title="Anton Philips">Anton</a> and <a href="/wiki/Gerard_Philips" title="Gerard Philips">Gerard Philips</a> who founded <a href="/wiki/Philips_Electronics" class="mw-redirect" title="Philips Electronics">Philips Electronics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pieter_Claude_Bijleveld" title="Pieter Claude Bijleveld">Pieter Claude Bijleveld</a> (1828–1898), mayor</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carli_Biessels" title="Carli Biessels">Carli Biessels</a> (1936–2016), writer</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roosje_Glaser" title="Roosje Glaser">Roosje Glaser</a> (1914–2000), dancer and Holocaust survivor</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daphne_Deckers" title="Daphne Deckers">Daphne Deckers</a> (born 1968), model, host, writer and occasional actress</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Princess_Margarita_of_Bourbon-Parma" class="mw-redirect" title="Princess Margarita of Bourbon-Parma">Princess Margarita of Bourbon-Parma</a> (born 1972), member of the <a href="/wiki/Dutch_royal_family" class="mw-redirect" title="Dutch royal family">Dutch royal family</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prince_Hugo_de_Bourbon_de_Parme" title="Prince Hugo de Bourbon de Parme">Prince Hugo de Bourbon de Parme</a> (born 1997), member of the Dutch royal family</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jos_Hermens" title="Jos Hermens">Jos Hermens</a> (born 1950), athlete</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alex_Van_Halen" title="Alex Van Halen">Alex Van Halen</a> (born 1953), musician</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eddie_Van_Halen" title="Eddie Van Halen">Eddie Van Halen</a> (1955-2020), musician</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frank_Boeijen" title="Frank Boeijen">Frank Boeijen</a> (born 1957), musician</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anne_Quist" title="Anne Quist">Anne Quist</a> (born 1957), Olympic rower</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ron_de_Groot" title="Ron de Groot">Ron de Groot</a> (born 1960), footballer</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pie_Geelen" title="Pie Geelen">Pie Geelen</a> (born 1972), Olympic swimmer</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Princess_Margarita_of_Bourbon-Parma" class="mw-redirect" title="Princess Margarita of Bourbon-Parma">Princess Margarita of Bourbon-Parma</a> (born 1972), member of the Dutch royal family</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roxane_van_Iperen" title="Roxane van Iperen">Roxane van Iperen</a> (born 1976), writer</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frank_Demouge" title="Frank Demouge">Frank Demouge</a> (born 1982), footballer</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saadia_Himi" title="Saadia Himi">Saadia Himi</a> (born 1984), Miss Netherlands Earth 2004</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nacer_Barazite" title="Nacer Barazite">Nacer Barazite</a> (born 1990), footballer</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amira_Willighagen" title="Amira Willighagen">Amira Willighagen</a> (born 2004), classical singer</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prince_Bernhard_of_Orange-Nassau,_van_Vollenhoven" title="Prince Bernhard of Orange-Nassau, van Vollenhoven">Prince Bernhard of Orange-Nassau, van Vollenhoven</a> (born 1969), racing driver, entrepreneur and member of the Dutch royal family</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prince_Pieter-Christiaan_of_Orange-Nassau,_van_Vollenhoven" title="Prince Pieter-Christiaan of Orange-Nassau, van Vollenhoven">Prince Pieter-Christiaan of Orange-Nassau, van Vollenhoven</a> (born 1972), racing driver and member of the Dutch royal family</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Other_residents">Other residents</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nijmegen&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: Other residents"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Titus_Brandsma" title="Titus Brandsma">Titus Brandsma</a> – (1881–1942), Carmelite friar, philosopher and Resistance member</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dries_van_Agt" title="Dries van Agt">Dries van Agt</a> – (1931–2024), politician, Prime Minister of the Netherland</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nina_Simone" title="Nina Simone">Nina Simone</a> – (1933–2003), jazz musician</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edward_Ka-Spel" title="Edward Ka-Spel">Edward Ka-Spel</a> – (born 1954), vocalist of <a href="/wiki/The_Legendary_Pink_Dots" title="The Legendary Pink Dots">The Legendary Pink Dots</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Perry_Ubeda" title="Perry Ubeda">Perry Ubeda</a> – (born 1971), kickboxer</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karapet_Karapetyan" title="Karapet Karapetyan">Karapet Karapetyan</a> – (born 1982), kickboxer</li> <li><a href="/wiki/S%C3%B3ley_T%C3%B3masd%C3%B3ttir" title="Sóley Tómasdóttir">Sóley Tómasdóttir</a> - (born 1974), activist and former Icelandic politician</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Religion">Religion</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nijmegen&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: Religion"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Grote_of_Sint-Stevenskerk.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Grote_of_Sint-Stevenskerk.jpg/220px-Grote_of_Sint-Stevenskerk.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="139" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Grote_of_Sint-Stevenskerk.jpg/330px-Grote_of_Sint-Stevenskerk.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Grote_of_Sint-Stevenskerk.jpg/440px-Grote_of_Sint-Stevenskerk.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5815" data-file-height="3677" /></a><figcaption>Grote of Sint-Stevenskerk Church Nijmegen</figcaption></figure> <p>In 1968, theologians in the Catholic Church issued what is now known as the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Nijmegen_Statement&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nijmegen Statement (page does not exist)">Nijmegen Statement</a>, demanding sweeping reforms in the Vatican's Holy Office, previously known as The Inquisition, and calling for greater scope for theological inquiry. Among its signatories was theologian Fr. <a href="/wiki/Joseph_Ratzinger" class="mw-redirect" title="Joseph Ratzinger">Joseph Ratzinger</a>, then a member of the faculty at the <a href="/wiki/University_of_T%C3%BCbingen" title="University of Tübingen">University of Tübingen</a>, but later the head of the successor to the <a href="/wiki/Holy_Office" class="mw-redirect" title="Holy Office">Holy Office</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Congregation_for_the_Doctrine_of_the_Faith" class="mw-redirect" title="Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith">Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith</a>, and later still <a href="/wiki/Pope_Benedict_XVI" title="Pope Benedict XVI">Pope Benedict XVI</a>. </p><p>The Nijmegen Statement said: "Any form of Inquisition however subtle, not only harms the development of sound theology, it also causes irreparable damage to the credibility of the church". The signatories, a group of predominantly German-speaking theologians asserted that "the freedom of theologians, and theology in the service of the church, regained by <a href="/wiki/Vatican_II" class="mw-redirect" title="Vatican II">Vatican II</a>, must not be jeopardised again." The signatories pledged their loyalty to the Pope, but argued that the teaching office of pope and bishops "cannot and must not supersede, hamper and impede the teaching task of theologians as scholars." </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Sport">Sport</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nijmegen&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section: Sport"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Goffertstadion_N.E.C._Nijmegen.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Goffertstadion_N.E.C._Nijmegen.jpg/220px-Goffertstadion_N.E.C._Nijmegen.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="136" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Goffertstadion_N.E.C._Nijmegen.jpg/330px-Goffertstadion_N.E.C._Nijmegen.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Goffertstadion_N.E.C._Nijmegen.jpg/440px-Goffertstadion_N.E.C._Nijmegen.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5764" data-file-height="3572" /></a><figcaption>Goffertstadion NEC Nijmegen</figcaption></figure> <p>Sport in the city is principally focused on its football club <a href="/wiki/NEC_Nijmegen" title="NEC Nijmegen">NEC Nijmegen</a> or just NEC, short for Nijmegen Eendracht Combinatie, which plays at the 12,500-seat <a href="/wiki/Stadion_de_Goffert" class="mw-redirect" title="Stadion de Goffert">Stadion de Goffert</a>. The club plays in the <a href="/wiki/Eredivisie" title="Eredivisie">Eredivisie</a>. Another football club is <a href="/wiki/Jonker_Boys" title="Jonker Boys">Jonker Boys</a>. </p><p><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bandy_Vereniging_Nijmegen&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bandy Vereniging Nijmegen (page does not exist)">Bandy Vereniging Nijmegen</a> is the biggest <a href="/wiki/Bandy" title="Bandy">bandy</a> club in the country. <a href="/wiki/Netherlands_national_bandy_team" title="Netherlands national bandy team">The national team</a> got celebrated by over a hundred fans and Mayor Hubert Bruls after winning Division B of the <a href="/wiki/2018_Bandy_World_Championship" title="2018 Bandy World Championship">2018 Bandy World Championship</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The city is also home to one of the country's oldest <a href="/wiki/Cricket" title="Cricket">cricket</a> clubs, <a href="/wiki/Quick_1888" title="Quick 1888">Quick 1888</a>, a current member of the <a href="/wiki/Koninklijke_Nederlandse_Cricket_Bond" class="mw-redirect" title="Koninklijke Nederlandse Cricket Bond">KNCB</a>. Formed in 1888, it is the largest cricket club in the east of the country and was formed 13 years after the first club, Utile Dulci from <a href="/wiki/Deventer" title="Deventer">Deventer</a>. The cricket club has two men's teams. The city also has the <a href="/wiki/Nijmegen_Devils" title="Nijmegen Devils">Nijmegen Devils</a>, an <a href="/wiki/Ice_hockey" title="Ice hockey">Ice hockey</a> club. Nijmegen also plays host to the annual <a href="/wiki/Zevenheuvelenloop" title="Zevenheuvelenloop">Zevenheuvelenloop</a> (<i>Seven Hills Run</i>), an annual 15 km (9 mi) run recognised by the <a href="/wiki/IAAF" class="mw-redirect" title="IAAF">IAAF</a> as a Bronze Label race. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Economy_and_infrastructure">Economy and infrastructure</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nijmegen&action=edit&section=23" title="Edit section: Economy and infrastructure"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Economy">Economy</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nijmegen&action=edit&section=24" title="Edit section: Economy"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The three main employers<sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> in Nijmegen are: </p><p>1. <a href="/wiki/Radboud_University" class="mw-redirect" title="Radboud University">Radboud University</a>; </p><p>2. The three hospitals in the city: <a href="/wiki/Radboud_University_Medical_Center" title="Radboud University Medical Center">Radboud University Medical Center</a>, <a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sint_Maartenskliniek" class="extiw" title="nl:Sint Maartenskliniek">Sint Maartenskliniek</a>, and <a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Canisius-Wilhelmina_Ziekenhuis" class="extiw" title="nl:Canisius-Wilhelmina Ziekenhuis">Canisius-Wilhelmina Ziekenhuis</a> (CWZ); </p><p>3. The semiconductor industry. <a href="/wiki/Nexperia" title="Nexperia">Nexperia</a> and <a href="/wiki/Ampleon" title="Ampleon">Ampleon</a> (both spun off from <a href="/wiki/NXP_Semiconductors" title="NXP Semiconductors">NXP Semiconductors</a>) are headquartered in the city. Multinational companies such as <a href="/wiki/Qualcomm" title="Qualcomm">Qualcomm</a>, <a href="/wiki/Photronics_Inc" class="mw-redirect" title="Photronics Inc">Photronics Inc</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Applied_Materials" title="Applied Materials">Applied Materials</a> also have facilities in Nijmegen. </p><p>Other notable companies headquartered in Nijmegen include <a href="/wiki/Synthon_(company)" title="Synthon (company)">Synthon</a>, a Dutch multinational pharmaceutical company and <a href="/w/index.php?title=Vaxxinova&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Vaxxinova (page does not exist)">Vaxxinova</a>, an <a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/EW_Group" class="extiw" title="de:EW Group">EW group</a> subsidiary which produces animal vaccines. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="More_room_for_the_river_Waal">More room for the river Waal</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nijmegen&action=edit&section=25" title="Edit section: More room for the river Waal"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>To prevent flooding in the near future, the Dutch government is changing the course of more than 30 rivers throughout the country. These measures, taken along the rivers IJssel, Lek, Maas and Waal, are known as ‘Room for the River’. Room for the river Waal as it passes Nijmegen is one of these measures. As part of this, the artificial island <a href="/wiki/Veur-Lent" title="Veur-Lent">Veur-Lent</a> was created in 2015. </p><p>The river Waal not only has a sharp bend near Nijmegen, it also forms a bottleneck. In 1993 and 1995, this led to high water and floods. To prevent this from happening again, and to protect inhabitants of the city and its surroundings against the water, work has been done to relocate the Waal dike in Lent and to excavate a large ancillary channel in the flood plains, creating an island in the Waal opposite Nijmegen. The large-scale project involved the construction of three bridges, new dikes and concrete water barriers. The island contains an urban river park with possibilities for recreation, culture, water and nature. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Nijmegen_Centraal_Station.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Nijmegen_Centraal_Station.jpg/220px-Nijmegen_Centraal_Station.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="162" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Nijmegen_Centraal_Station.jpg/330px-Nijmegen_Centraal_Station.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Nijmegen_Centraal_Station.jpg/440px-Nijmegen_Centraal_Station.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2477" data-file-height="1822" /></a><figcaption>Nijmegen Central Station</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Transport">Transport</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nijmegen&action=edit&section=26" title="Edit section: Transport"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Nijmegen has five railway stations: <a href="/wiki/Nijmegen_railway_station" title="Nijmegen railway station">Nijmegen</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nijmegen_Dukenburg_railway_station" title="Nijmegen Dukenburg railway station">Nijmegen Dukenburg</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nijmegen_Heyendaal_railway_station" title="Nijmegen Heyendaal railway station">Nijmegen Heyendaal</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nijmegen_Lent_railway_station" title="Nijmegen Lent railway station">Nijmegen Lent</a> and <a href="/wiki/Nijmegen_Goffert_railway_station" title="Nijmegen Goffert railway station">Nijmegen Goffert</a>. The central station is connected to the national Intercity network. The bus company <a href="/wiki/Breng" title="Breng">Breng</a> operates the city buses in the Arnhem-Nijmegen metropolitan area. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Het_Keizer_Karelplein,_met_op_de_achtergrond_de_Stadsschouwburg_Nijmegen.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/15/Het_Keizer_Karelplein%2C_met_op_de_achtergrond_de_Stadsschouwburg_Nijmegen.jpg/220px-Het_Keizer_Karelplein%2C_met_op_de_achtergrond_de_Stadsschouwburg_Nijmegen.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="146" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/15/Het_Keizer_Karelplein%2C_met_op_de_achtergrond_de_Stadsschouwburg_Nijmegen.jpg/330px-Het_Keizer_Karelplein%2C_met_op_de_achtergrond_de_Stadsschouwburg_Nijmegen.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/15/Het_Keizer_Karelplein%2C_met_op_de_achtergrond_de_Stadsschouwburg_Nijmegen.jpg/440px-Het_Keizer_Karelplein%2C_met_op_de_achtergrond_de_Stadsschouwburg_Nijmegen.jpg 2x" data-file-width="6016" data-file-height="4000" /></a><figcaption>Keizer Karelplein</figcaption></figure> <p>Like most Dutch cities, bicycles are an important mode of transport. The city is connected to Arnhem, 18 km (11 mi) to the north, by a "fietssnelweg" (fast cycle highway) which crosses the Snelbinder bridge in the city. During 2010–2012 the cycle highway received upgrades to further encourage the use of bicycles for transport between Nijmegen and Arnhem.<sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In May 2016, the Dutch <a href="/wiki/Fietsersbond" title="Fietsersbond">Fietsersbond</a> (Cyclists' Union) awarded the 2016 <a href="/wiki/Cycling_in_the_Netherlands#The_Fietsstad_(Bicycle_city)_awards" title="Cycling in the Netherlands">Fietsstad</a> (Cycling City) award to the city of Nijmegen.<sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kaizer_Karelplein_(Nijmegen)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kaizer Karelplein (Nijmegen) (page does not exist)">Kaizer Karelplein</a> (<a href="/wiki/English_(language)" class="mw-redirect" title="English (language)">English</a> <i>The Plaza of Emperor <a href="/wiki/Charlemagne" title="Charlemagne">Charlemagne</a></i>), a roundabout in the center of the city with seven busy connecting or almost connecting roads, is one of the most accident-prone roads in the Netherlands, and Nijmegen has an extensive, overcrowded road network that splits up the city in separate parts instead of having the busy roads out-of-center away from densely populated areas as is the norm in the rest of the country. The roundabout surrounds a park which is not used because it would be life-threatening to attempt to cross the road of the roundabout to get to and from the park. There is also a <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kaizer_Karelplein_(Maastricht)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kaizer Karelplein (Maastricht) (page does not exist)">Kaizer Karelplein</a> in Maastricht. </p><p>The river is a busy freight transport route, with barges passing through on the way between the industrial regions of Germany and the docks at Amsterdam, Rotterdam and Hook of Holland. The <a href="/wiki/Maas%E2%80%93Waal_Canal" title="Maas–Waal Canal">Maas–Waal Canal</a> also carries freight through the city. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Education">Education</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nijmegen&action=edit&section=27" title="Edit section: Education"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Erasmusgebouw_Erasmusplein_1_Radboud_Universiteit_Nijmegen_gezien_vanaf_Heyendaalseweg.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Erasmusgebouw_Erasmusplein_1_Radboud_Universiteit_Nijmegen_gezien_vanaf_Heyendaalseweg.jpg/220px-Erasmusgebouw_Erasmusplein_1_Radboud_Universiteit_Nijmegen_gezien_vanaf_Heyendaalseweg.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="146" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Erasmusgebouw_Erasmusplein_1_Radboud_Universiteit_Nijmegen_gezien_vanaf_Heyendaalseweg.jpg/330px-Erasmusgebouw_Erasmusplein_1_Radboud_Universiteit_Nijmegen_gezien_vanaf_Heyendaalseweg.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Erasmusgebouw_Erasmusplein_1_Radboud_Universiteit_Nijmegen_gezien_vanaf_Heyendaalseweg.jpg/440px-Erasmusgebouw_Erasmusplein_1_Radboud_Universiteit_Nijmegen_gezien_vanaf_Heyendaalseweg.jpg 2x" data-file-width="6016" data-file-height="4000" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Radboud_University_Nijmegen" title="Radboud University Nijmegen">Radboud University Nijmegen</a></figcaption></figure> <p>Nijmegen is host to <a href="/wiki/Radboud_University_Nijmegen" title="Radboud University Nijmegen">Radboud University Nijmegen</a>. Founded in 1923 as the first <a href="/wiki/Catholicism" class="mw-redirect" title="Catholicism">Catholic</a> university in the Netherlands, it used to be called <i>Catholic University of Nijmegen</i> until 2004, when it took its current name. As of October 2018<sup class="plainlinks noexcerpt noprint asof-tag update" style="display:none;"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Nijmegen&action=edit">[update]</a></sup>, it had 22,142 students and 4,921 staff.<sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Radboud University runs the High Field Magnetic Laboratory which is able to achieve some of the highest fields available in Europe at 38 <a href="/wiki/Tesla_(unit)" title="Tesla (unit)">teslas</a> (continuous). The facility is available to outside users, primarily for research purposes. </p><p>The education and social work departments of the <a href="/wiki/HAN_University_of_Applied_Sciences" title="HAN University of Applied Sciences">HAN University of Applied Sciences</a>, school for higher-level vocational training are also located in Nijmegen, as are that school's medical departments. </p><p>In addition to these institutions, there is also an intermediate-level vocational school and a number of secondary schools: Groenschool Nijmegen, Kandinsky College, Nijmeegse Scholengemeenschap Groenewoud (NSG), Citadel College, Stedelijke Scholengemeenschap Nijmegen (SSGN), Canisius College, St. Jorisschool, Mondial College, the Stedelijk Gymnasium (formally the "Latijnse school", founded in the 16th century), the Karel de Grote College, Montessori College and the Dominicus College. Of note is also <a href="/w/index.php?title=Leefwerkschool_Eigenwijs&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Leefwerkschool Eigenwijs (page does not exist)">Leefwerkschool Eigenwijs</a>, which caters to students from all over the Netherlands who have been repeatedly expelled from "regular" high schools. Leefwerkschool Eigenwijs has its roots in the local activist movement of the early 1980s and is the only school of its kind recognised in the Netherlands. </p><p>Nijmegen is also an important centre of <a href="/wiki/Psycholinguistics" title="Psycholinguistics">Psycholinguistics</a>, home to the <a href="/wiki/Max_Planck_Institute" class="mw-redirect" title="Max Planck Institute">Max Planck Institute</a> of Psycholinguistics and the <a href="/wiki/F.C._Donders_Centre_for_Cognitive_Neuroimaging" class="mw-redirect" title="F.C. Donders Centre for Cognitive Neuroimaging">F.C. Donders Centre for Cognitive Neuroimaging</a>. </p><p>The Nobel Prize for Physics in 2010 was awarded to <a href="/wiki/Andre_Geim" title="Andre Geim">Andre Geim</a> and <a href="/wiki/Konstantin_Novoselov" title="Konstantin Novoselov">Konstantin Novoselov</a> while at Radboud University "for groundbreaking experiments regarding the two-dimensional material <a href="/wiki/Graphene" title="Graphene">graphene</a>." </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nijmegen&action=edit&section=28" title="Edit section: Notes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-lower-alpha"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Obsolete Dutch spellings include <i>Nijmwegen</i>, <i>Nymegen</i> and <i>Nieumeghen</i>; <a href="/wiki/French_language" title="French language">French</a>: <i lang="fr">Nimègue</i>; <a href="/wiki/German_language" title="German language">German</a>: <i lang="de">Nimwegen</i>; Spanish and <a href="/wiki/Italian_language" title="Italian language">Italian</a>: <i lang="it">Nimega</i>.</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nijmegen&action=edit&section=29" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-mayor_now-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-mayor_now_1-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140731022008/http://www2.nijmegen.nl/gemeente/burgemeester__wethouders/burgemeester">"Burgemeester"</a> [Mayor] (in Dutch). Gemeente Nijmegen. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www2.nijmegen.nl/gemeente/burgemeester__wethouders/burgemeester">the original</a> on 31 July 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">10 June</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Burgemeester&rft.pub=Gemeente+Nijmegen&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww2.nijmegen.nl%2Fgemeente%2Fburgemeester__wethouders%2Fburgemeester&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANijmegen" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://opendata.cbs.nl/statline/#/CBS/nl/dataset/84799NED/table?dl=41062">"Kerncijfers wijken en buurten 2020"</a> [Key figures for neighbourhoods 2020]. <i>StatLine</i> (in Dutch). <a href="/wiki/Statistics_Netherlands" title="Statistics Netherlands">CBS</a>. 24 July 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">19 September</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=StatLine&rft.atitle=Kerncijfers+wijken+en+buurten+2020&rft.date=2020-07-24&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fopendata.cbs.nl%2Fstatline%2F%23%2FCBS%2Fnl%2Fdataset%2F84799NED%2Ftable%3Fdl%3D41062&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANijmegen" class="Z3988"></span> </span> </li> <li id="cite_note-AHN-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-AHN_3-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ahn.nl/postcodetool">"Postcodetool for 6511PP"</a>. <i>Actueel Hoogtebestand Nederland</i> (in Dutch). Het Waterschapshuis<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">10 June</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Actueel+Hoogtebestand+Nederland&rft.atitle=Postcodetool+for+6511PP&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ahn.nl%2Fpostcodetool&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANijmegen" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://groenemetropoolregio.nl/actueel/groene-metropoolregio-arnhem-nijmegen-groene-groei-voor-nederland/">"Actueel - Groene Metropoolregio Arnhem-Nijmegen: Groene Groei voor Nederland"</a>. (in Dutch). <i>Groenemetropoolregio.nl</i>. Retrieved 2024-11-03.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://cbs.nl/nl-nl/maatwerk/2023/09/voorlopige-bevolkingsaantallen-per-gemeente-1-1-2023">"Voorlopige bevolkingsaantallen per gemeente, 1-1-2023"</a>. (in Dutch). <a href="/wiki/Statistics_Netherlands" title="Statistics Netherlands"><i>CBS</i></a>. 2 March 2023. Retrieved 2024-11-03.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://statline.cbs.nl/StatWeb/publication/?DM=SLNL&PA=37230NED&D1=17-18&D2=57-650&D3=l&LA=EN&HDR=T&STB=G1,G2&VW=T">"Bevolkingsontwikkeling; regio per maand"</a> [Population growth; regions per month]. <i>CBS Statline</i> (in Dutch). <a href="/wiki/Statistics_Netherlands" title="Statistics Netherlands">CBS</a>. 1 January 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2 January</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=CBS+Statline&rft.atitle=Bevolkingsontwikkeling%3B+regio+per+maand&rft.date=2021-01-01&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fstatline.cbs.nl%2FStatWeb%2Fpublication%2F%3FDM%3DSLNL%26PA%3D37230NED%26D1%3D17-18%26D2%3D57-650%26D3%3Dl%26LA%3DEN%26HDR%3DT%26STB%3DG1%2CG2%26VW%3DT&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANijmegen" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://opendata.cbs.nl/statline/#/CBS/nl/dataset/70072ned/table?ts=1615235479113">"Bevolkingsontwikkeling; Regionale kerncijfers Nederland"</a> [Regional core figures Netherlands]. <i>CBS Statline</i> (in Dutch). <a href="/wiki/Statistics_Netherlands" title="Statistics Netherlands">CBS</a>. 1 January 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">8 March</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=CBS+Statline&rft.atitle=Bevolkingsontwikkeling%3B+Regionale+kerncijfers+Nederland&rft.date=2020-01-01&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fopendata.cbs.nl%2Fstatline%2F%23%2FCBS%2Fnl%2Fdataset%2F70072ned%2Ftable%3Fts%3D1615235479113&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANijmegen" class="Z3988"></span> </span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation encyclopaedia cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/www.lexico.com/definition/Nijmegen">"Nijmegen"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Lexico" title="Lexico">Lexico</a> UK English Dictionary</i>. <a href="/wiki/Oxford_University_Press" title="Oxford University Press">Oxford University Press</a>. n.d.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Nijmegen&rft.btitle=Lexico+UK+English+Dictionary&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fweb.archive.org%2Fwww.lexico.com%2Fdefinition%2FNijmegen&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANijmegen" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.collinsdictionary.com/dictionary/english/Nijmegen">"Nijmegen"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/CollinsDictionary.com" class="mw-redirect" title="CollinsDictionary.com">CollinsDictionary.com</a></i>. <a href="/wiki/HarperCollins" title="HarperCollins">HarperCollins</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=CollinsDictionary.com&rft.atitle=Nijmegen&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.collinsdictionary.com%2Fdictionary%2Fenglish%2FNijmegen&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANijmegen" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-pop-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-pop_11-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-pop_11-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://opendata.cbs.nl/statline/#/CBS/nl/dataset/70072ned/table?dl=25C66&ts=1716890868783">"CBS Statline"</a>. <i>opendata.cbs.nl</i> (in Dutch)<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2024-05-28</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=opendata.cbs.nl&rft.atitle=CBS+Statline&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fopendata.cbs.nl%2Fstatline%2F%23%2FCBS%2Fnl%2Fdataset%2F70072ned%2Ftable%3Fdl%3D25C66%26ts%3D1716890868783&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANijmegen" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Nellissen, L. (translator), <i>Nijmeegse Oudheden</i>, Stichting Stilus, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/90-808719-1-5" title="Special:BookSources/90-808719-1-5">90-808719-1-5</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMcGreevy" class="citation magazine cs1">McGreevy, Nora. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.smithsonianmag.com/smart-news/2000-year-old-ancient-roman-glass-bowl-found-in-netherlands-180979461/">"2,000-Year-Old Roman Bowl Discovered Intact in the Netherlands"</a>. <i>Smithsonian</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2022-02-20</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Smithsonian&rft.atitle=2%2C000-Year-Old+Roman+Bowl+Discovered+Intact+in+the+Netherlands&rft.aulast=McGreevy&rft.aufirst=Nora&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.smithsonianmag.com%2Fsmart-news%2F2000-year-old-ancient-roman-glass-bowl-found-in-netherlands-180979461%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANijmegen" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNijtmans2022" class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Nijtmans, Anne (2022-01-20). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.gelderlander.nl/nijmegen/archeologen-vinden-bijna-2000-jaar-oude-puntgave-schaal-in-nijmegen-topstuk-met-museale-waarde~a7b2f01f/">"Archeologen vinden bijna 2000 jaar oude puntgave schaal in Nijmegen: 'Topstuk met museale waarde'<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/De_Gelderlander" title="De Gelderlander">De Gelderlander</a></i> (in Dutch)<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2023-10-28</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=De+Gelderlander&rft.atitle=Archeologen+vinden+bijna+2000+jaar+oude+puntgave+schaal+in+Nijmegen%3A+%27Topstuk+met+museale+waarde%27&rft.date=2022-01-20&rft.aulast=Nijtmans&rft.aufirst=Anne&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.gelderlander.nl%2Fnijmegen%2Farcheologen-vinden-bijna-2000-jaar-oude-puntgave-schaal-in-nijmegen-topstuk-met-museale-waarde~a7b2f01f%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANijmegen" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAton2022" class="citation web cs1">Aton, Francesca (2022-01-25). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.artnews.com/art-news/news/roman-glass-bowl-nijmegen-1234616630/">"Perfectly Preserved 2,000-Year-Old Roman Glass Bowl Unearthed in the Netherlands"</a>. <i>ARTnews.com</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2022-02-20</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=ARTnews.com&rft.atitle=Perfectly+Preserved+2%2C000-Year-Old+Roman+Glass+Bowl+Unearthed+in+the+Netherlands&rft.date=2022-01-25&rft.aulast=Aton&rft.aufirst=Francesca&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.artnews.com%2Fart-news%2Fnews%2Froman-glass-bowl-nijmegen-1234616630%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANijmegen" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLiu2022" class="citation web cs1">Liu, Jasmine (2022-01-24). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://hyperallergic.com/707260/2000-year-old-roman-glass-bowl-unearthed-like-new/">"2,000-Year-Old Roman Glass Bowl Unearthed "Like New"<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a>. <i>Hyperallergic</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2022-02-20</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Hyperallergic&rft.atitle=2%2C000-Year-Old+Roman+Glass+Bowl+Unearthed+%22Like+New%22&rft.date=2022-01-24&rft.aulast=Liu&rft.aufirst=Jasmine&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fhyperallergic.com%2F707260%2F2000-year-old-roman-glass-bowl-unearthed-like-new%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANijmegen" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBaron_Sloet1872" class="citation book cs1">Baron Sloet, L. A. J. W. (1872). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://hdl.handle.net/2027/mdp.39015055306438?urlappend=%3Bseq=35"><i>Oorkondenboek der Graafschappen Gelre en Zutfen tot op den Slag van Woeringen, 5 Juni 1288</i></a>. s'Gravenhage: Martinus Nijhoff. pp. 13 (no. 11). <a href="/wiki/Hdl_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Hdl (identifier)">hdl</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://hdl.handle.net/2027%2Fmdp.39015055306438?urlappend=%3Bseq=35">2027/mdp.39015055306438</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Oorkondenboek+der+Graafschappen+Gelre+en+Zutfen+tot+op+den+Slag+van+Woeringen%2C+5+Juni+1288&rft.place=s%27Gravenhage&rft.pages=13+%28no.+11%29&rft.pub=Martinus+Nijhoff&rft.date=1872&rft_id=info%3Ahdl%2F2027%2Fmdp.39015055306438%3Furlappend%3D%253Bseq%3D35&rft.aulast=Baron+Sloet&rft.aufirst=L.+A.+J.+W.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fhdl.handle.net%2F2027%2Fmdp.39015055306438%3Furlappend%3D%253Bseq%3D35&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANijmegen" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Hieronymus Bosch. Complete Works, published by Taschen.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.absolutefacts.nl/gelderland/nijmegen/oversteek-nijmegen.htm">"Tweede verkeersbrug bij Nijmegen"</a>. <i>Absolutefacts.nl</i> (in Dutch). November 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">5 January</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Absolutefacts.nl&rft.atitle=Tweede+verkeersbrug+bij+Nijmegen&rft.date=2013-11&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.absolutefacts.nl%2Fgelderland%2Fnijmegen%2Foversteek-nijmegen.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANijmegen" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.godutch.com/newspaper/index.php?id=684">"U.S. Air Force deadly 1944 bombing of Nijmegen accidental » the Windmill news articles » goDutch"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=U.S.+Air+Force+deadly+1944+bombing+of+Nijmegen+accidental+%C2%BB+the+Windmill+news+articles+%C2%BB+goDutch&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.godutch.com%2Fnewspaper%2Findex.php%3Fid%3D684&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANijmegen" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.eupedia.com/netherlands/nijmegen.shtml">"Eupedia"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Eupedia&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.eupedia.com%2Fnetherlands%2Fnijmegen.shtml&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANijmegen" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.museumhetvalkhof.nl/zien-en-doen/collectie/">"Collectie Museum Het Valkhof Nijmegen"</a>. <i>www.museumhetvalkhof.nl</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2022-10-21</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.museumhetvalkhof.nl&rft.atitle=Collectie+Museum+Het+Valkhof+Nijmegen&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.museumhetvalkhof.nl%2Fzien-en-doen%2Fcollectie%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANijmegen" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://nltimes.nl/2022/09/28/3600-year-old-sauna-found-nijmegen-unique-mainland-europe">"3,600-year-old sauna found in Nijmegen; Unique on mainland Europe"</a>. <i>NL Times</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2022-10-21</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=NL+Times&rft.atitle=3%2C600-year-old+sauna+found+in+Nijmegen%3B+Unique+on+mainland+Europe&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnltimes.nl%2F2022%2F09%2F28%2F3600-year-old-sauna-found-nijmegen-unique-mainland-europe&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANijmegen" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.stevenskerk.nl/en">"Icon fullof stories | Stevenskerk Nijmegen"</a>. <i>www.stevenskerk.nl</i> (in Dutch)<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2022-10-21</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.stevenskerk.nl&rft.atitle=Icon+fullof+stories+%7C+Stevenskerk+Nijmegen&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.stevenskerk.nl%2Fen&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANijmegen" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://opendata.cbs.nl/statline/#/CBS/nl/dataset/37713/table">"CBS Statline"</a>. <i>opendata.cbs.nl</i> (in Dutch)<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2023-11-18</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=opendata.cbs.nl&rft.atitle=CBS+Statline&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fopendata.cbs.nl%2Fstatline%2F%23%2FCBS%2Fnl%2Fdataset%2F37713%2Ftable&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANijmegen" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Nij22-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Nij22_26-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Nij22_26-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.verkiezingsuitslagen.nl/verkiezingen/detail/GR20220316/731291">"Nijmegen municipal election 2022"</a>. <i>www.verkiezingsuitslagen.nl</i> (in Dutch). 16 March 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">28 September</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.verkiezingsuitslagen.nl&rft.atitle=Nijmegen+municipal+election+2022&rft.date=2022-03-16&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.verkiezingsuitslagen.nl%2Fverkiezingen%2Fdetail%2FGR20220316%2F731291&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANijmegen" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-27">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.verkiezingsuitslagen.nl/verkiezingen/detail/GR20180321/671615">"Nijmegen municipal election 2018"</a>. <i>www.verkiezingsuitslagen.nl</i> (in Dutch). 21 March 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">28 September</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.verkiezingsuitslagen.nl&rft.atitle=Nijmegen+municipal+election+2018&rft.date=2018-03-21&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.verkiezingsuitslagen.nl%2Fverkiezingen%2Fdetail%2FGR20180321%2F671615&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANijmegen" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-28">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nijmegen.nl/over-de-gemeente/burgemeester-en-wethouders/coalitieakkoord/">"Coalitieakkoord 'Ons Nijmegen, Stad van Iedereen'<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a>. <i>www.nijmegen.nl</i> (in Dutch)<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">28 September</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.nijmegen.nl&rft.atitle=Coalitieakkoord+%27Ons+Nijmegen%2C+Stad+van+Iedereen%27&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nijmegen.nl%2Fover-de-gemeente%2Fburgemeester-en-wethouders%2Fcoalitieakkoord%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANijmegen" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-29">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFVeenink2023" class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Veenink, Erin (20 December 2023). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240413130655/https://www.gld.nl/nieuws/8066410/bruls-mag-nog-zes-jaar-blijven-van-nijmeegse-gemeenteraad">"Bruls mag nog zes jaar blijven van Nijmeegse gemeenteraad"</a>. <i>Rgld.nl</i> (in Dutch). Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.gld.nl/nieuws/8066410/bruls-mag-nog-zes-jaar-blijven-van-nijmeegse-gemeenteraad">the original</a> on 13 April 2024<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">28 July</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Rgld.nl&rft.atitle=Bruls+mag+nog+zes+jaar+blijven+van+Nijmeegse+gemeenteraad&rft.date=2023-12-20&rft.aulast=Veenink&rft.aufirst=Erin&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.gld.nl%2Fnieuws%2F8066410%2Fbruls-mag-nog-zes-jaar-blijven-van-nijmeegse-gemeenteraad&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANijmegen" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-30">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.groenemetropoolregio.nl">"Website Groene Metropoolregio Arnhem-Nijmegen"</a> (in Dutch)<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">13 January</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Website+Groene+Metropoolregio+Arnhem-Nijmegen&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.groenemetropoolregio.nl&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANijmegen" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-31">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><i>De Wereld Wandelt</i> (in Dutch). KNBLO, Nijmegen. 1991. p. 32.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=De+Wereld+Wandelt&rft.pages=32&rft.pub=KNBLO%2C+Nijmegen&rft.date=1991&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANijmegen" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-32">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20181111133644/https://www.4daagse.nl/nl/service/downloads.html">"4daagse website"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.4daagse.nl/nl/service/downloads.html">the original</a> on 2018-11-11<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2018-11-10</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=4daagse+website&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.4daagse.nl%2Fnl%2Fservice%2Fdownloads.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANijmegen" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-33">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.co.uk/translate?hl=en&sl=nl&u=https://www.omroepgelderland.nl/nieuws/2304761/Toeters-en-confetti-voor-kampioensteam-bandy">"Google Translate"</a>. 5 February 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Google+Translate&rft.date=2018-02-05&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftranslate.google.co.uk%2Ftranslate%3Fhl%3Den%26sl%3Dnl%26u%3Dhttps%3A%2F%2Fwww.omroepgelderland.nl%2Fnieuws%2F2304761%2FToeters-en-confetti-voor-kampioensteam-bandy&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANijmegen" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-34">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://bandynijmegen.nl/wp-content/uploads/2018/02/huldiging-Triavium.jpeg">"Image from the celebration"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Image+from+the+celebration&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fbandynijmegen.nl%2Fwp-content%2Fuploads%2F2018%2F02%2Fhuldiging-Triavium.jpeg&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANijmegen" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-35">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://urbact.eu/nijmegen">"Nijmegen"</a>. <i>Urbact</i>. 3 December 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Urbact&rft.atitle=Nijmegen&rft.date=2014-12-03&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Furbact.eu%2Fnijmegen&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANijmegen" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-36"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-36">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHembrow2010" class="citation web cs1">Hembrow, David (2010-10-04). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://hembrow.blogspot.com/2010/10/mobility-man-cycle-superhighway.html">"A view from the cycle path: Mobility man – cycle superhighway"</a>. Hembrow.blogspot.com<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2013-03-26</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=A+view+from+the+cycle+path%3A+Mobility+man+%E2%80%93+cycle+superhighway&rft.pub=Hembrow.blogspot.com&rft.date=2010-10-04&rft.aulast=Hembrow&rft.aufirst=David&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fhembrow.blogspot.com%2F2010%2F10%2Fmobility-man-cycle-superhighway.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANijmegen" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-37"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-37">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.fietsersbond.nl/nieuws/gemeente-nijmegen-uitgeroepen-tot-fietsstad-2016">"Gemeente Nijmegen uitgeroepen tot Fietsstad 2016"</a> (in Dutch). <a href="/wiki/Fietsersbond" title="Fietsersbond">Fietsersbond</a>. 19 May 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">19 May</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Gemeente+Nijmegen+uitgeroepen+tot+Fietsstad+2016&rft.pub=Fietsersbond&rft.date=2016-05-19&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.fietsersbond.nl%2Fnieuws%2Fgemeente-nijmegen-uitgeroepen-tot-fietsstad-2016&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANijmegen" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-38"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-38">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190530063242/https://www.ru.nl/english/about-us/our-university-0/facts-figures/">"Facts & Figures"</a>. <i>Radboud University</i>. May 30, 2019. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ru.nl/english/about-us/our-university-0/facts-figures/">the original</a> on May 30, 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 30,</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Radboud+University&rft.atitle=Facts+%26+Figures&rft.date=2019-05-30&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ru.nl%2Fenglish%2Fabout-us%2Four-university-0%2Ffacts-figures%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANijmegen" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <p><b>Literature</b> </p> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLourensLucassen1997" class="citation book cs1">Lourens, Piet; Lucassen, Jan (1997). <i>Inwonertallen van Nederlandse steden ca. 1300–1800</i>. Amsterdam: NEHA. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9057420082" title="Special:BookSources/9057420082"><bdi>9057420082</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Inwonertallen+van+Nederlandse+steden+ca.+1300%E2%80%931800&rft.place=Amsterdam&rft.pub=NEHA&rft.date=1997&rft.isbn=9057420082&rft.aulast=Lourens&rft.aufirst=Piet&rft.au=Lucassen%2C+Jan&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANijmegen" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Bibliography">Bibliography</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nijmegen&action=edit&section=30" title="Edit section: Bibliography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_Nijmegen#Bibliography" title="Timeline of Nijmegen">Bibliography of the history of Nijmegen</a></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nijmegen&action=edit&section=31" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Nijmegen" class="extiw" title="commons:Nijmegen"><span style="font-style:italic; font-weight:bold;">Nijmegen</span></a>.</div></div> </div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1235681985"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1237033735"><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg/40px-Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg/60px-Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg/80px-Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="193" data-file-height="193" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikivoyage has a travel guide for <i><b><a href="https://en.wikivoyage.org/wiki/Nijmegen#Q47887" class="extiw" title="wikivoyage:Nijmegen">Nijmegen</a></b></i>.</div></div> </div> <ul><li><span class="official-website"><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nijmegen.nl">Official website</a></span></span></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://en.intonijmegen.com">https://en.intonijmegen.com</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://www.nijmegenmijnstad.nl">https://www.nijmegenmijnstad.nl</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li:last-child::after{content:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:first-child::before{content:" (";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:last-child::after{content:")";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol{counter-reset:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li{counter-increment:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li::before{content:" "counter(listitem)"\a0 "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li ol>li:first-child::before{content:" ("counter(listitem)"\a0 "}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow{padding:0.25em 1em;line-height:1.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group{white-space:nowrap;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{background-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list{line-height:1.5em;border-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list-with-group{text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid}.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-group,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-image,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-list{border-top:2px solid #fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title{background-color:#ccf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-title{background-color:#ddf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-abovebelow{background-color:#e6e6ff}.mw-parser-output .navbox-even{background-color:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Places_adjacent_to_Nijmegen" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Adjacent_communities" title="Template:Adjacent communities"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Adjacent_communities" title="Template talk:Adjacent communities"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Adjacent_communities" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Adjacent communities"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Places_adjacent_to_Nijmegen" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Places adjacent to Nijmegen</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><table role="presentation" style="width:100%; margin:0; text-align:center;"><tbody><tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Overbetuwe" title="Overbetuwe">Overbetuwe</a></td> <td></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Lingewaard" title="Lingewaard">Lingewaard</a></td> </tr><tr> <td></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="North"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/Pfeil_oben.svg/14px-Pfeil_oben.svg.png" decoding="async" width="14" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/Pfeil_oben.svg/21px-Pfeil_oben.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/Pfeil_oben.svg/28px-Pfeil_oben.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="600" /></span></span></td> <td></td> </tr><tr> <td style="width:33%"><a href="/wiki/Beuningen" title="Beuningen">Beuningen</a></td> <td style="width:33%;"> <div style="white-space:nowrap;"><span class="mw-valign-middle" typeof="mw:File"><span title="West"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Pfeil_links.svg/17px-Pfeil_links.svg.png" decoding="async" width="17" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Pfeil_links.svg/25px-Pfeil_links.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Pfeil_links.svg/34px-Pfeil_links.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="500" /></span></span><b style="display:inline-block; vertical-align:middle; margin:0.75em 1em">Nijmegen</b><span class="mw-valign-middle" typeof="mw:File"><span title="East"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Pfeil_rechts.svg/17px-Pfeil_rechts.svg.png" decoding="async" width="17" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Pfeil_rechts.svg/25px-Pfeil_rechts.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Pfeil_rechts.svg/34px-Pfeil_rechts.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="500" /></span></span></div> </td> <td style="width:33%"><a href="/wiki/Berg_en_Dal_(municipality)" title="Berg en Dal (municipality)">Berg en Dal</a></td> </tr><tr> <td></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="South"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Pfeil_unten.svg/14px-Pfeil_unten.svg.png" decoding="async" width="14" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Pfeil_unten.svg/21px-Pfeil_unten.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Pfeil_unten.svg/28px-Pfeil_unten.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="600" /></span></span></td> <td></td> </tr><tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Wijchen" title="Wijchen">Wijchen</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Heumen" title="Heumen">Heumen</a></td> <td></td> </tr></tbody></table></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r920966791">.mw-parser-output span.smallcaps{font-variant:small-caps}.mw-parser-output span.smallcaps-smaller{font-size:85%}</style><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Members_of_the_Hanseatic_League_by_quarter,_and_trading_posts_of_the_Hanseatic_League" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Hanseatic_League" title="Template:Hanseatic League"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Hanseatic_League" title="Template talk:Hanseatic League"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Hanseatic_League" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Hanseatic League"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Members_of_the_Hanseatic_League_by_quarter,_and_trading_posts_of_the_Hanseatic_League" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Members of the <a href="/wiki/Hanseatic_League" title="Hanseatic League">Hanseatic League</a> by quarter, and trading posts of the Hanseatic League</div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3" style="padding:0.2em 0.4em;line-height:1.25em;"><div><div class="plainlist"><ul><li>Chief cities shown in <span class="smallcaps">smallcaps</span>.</li><li><a href="/wiki/Free_imperial_city" title="Free imperial city">Free Imperial Cities</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Holy_Roman_Empire" title="Holy Roman Empire">Holy Roman Empire</a> shown in <i>italics</i>.</li></ul></div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Wendish</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Lübeck" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:5.5em;font-weight:normal;;padding:0.75em 1.0em;"><span class="smallcaps"><i><a href="/wiki/L%C3%BCbeck" title="Lübeck">Lübeck</a></i></span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anklam" title="Anklam">Anklam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demmin" title="Demmin">Demmin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greifswald" title="Greifswald">Greifswald</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Hamburg" title="Hamburg">Hamburg</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ko%C5%82obrzeg" title="Kołobrzeg">Kolberg <span style="font-size:85%;">(Kołobrzeg)</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/L%C3%BCneburg" title="Lüneburg">Lüneburg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rostock" title="Rostock">Rostock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dar%C5%82owo" title="Darłowo">Rügenwalde <span style="font-size:85%;">(Darłowo)</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Szczecin" title="Szczecin">Stettin <span style="font-size:85%;">(Szczecin)</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/S%C5%82upsk" title="Słupsk">Stolp <span style="font-size:85%;">(Słupsk)</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stargard" title="Stargard">Stargard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stockholm" title="Stockholm">Stockholm</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stralsund" title="Stralsund">Stralsund</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Visby" title="Visby">Visby</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wismar" title="Wismar">Wismar</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="8" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Haupthandelsroute_Hanse.png" class="mw-file-description" title="Principal trading routes of the Hanseatic League"><img alt="Principal trading routes of the Hanseatic League" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Haupthandelsroute_Hanse.png/150px-Haupthandelsroute_Hanse.png" decoding="async" width="150" height="115" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Haupthandelsroute_Hanse.png/225px-Haupthandelsroute_Hanse.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Haupthandelsroute_Hanse.png/300px-Haupthandelsroute_Hanse.png 2x" data-file-width="789" data-file-height="603" /></a></span><br /><br /><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Hansestadt_Lubeck_Tatiana_Yagunova_Watercolor_painting_2014.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Lubeck — a main city of the Hanseatic League"><img alt="Lubeck — a main city of the Hanseatic League" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Hansestadt_Lubeck_Tatiana_Yagunova_Watercolor_painting_2014.jpg/150px-Hansestadt_Lubeck_Tatiana_Yagunova_Watercolor_painting_2014.jpg" decoding="async" width="150" height="121" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Hansestadt_Lubeck_Tatiana_Yagunova_Watercolor_painting_2014.jpg/225px-Hansestadt_Lubeck_Tatiana_Yagunova_Watercolor_painting_2014.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Hansestadt_Lubeck_Tatiana_Yagunova_Watercolor_painting_2014.jpg/300px-Hansestadt_Lubeck_Tatiana_Yagunova_Watercolor_painting_2014.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3720" data-file-height="2996" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Saxon</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="BrunswickMagdeburg" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:5.5em;font-weight:normal;"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><span class="smallcaps"><a href="/wiki/Braunschweig" title="Braunschweig">Brunswick</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Magdeburg" title="Magdeburg">Magdeburg</a></span></div></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Berlin" title="Berlin">Berlin</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Bremen" title="Bremen">Bremen</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Erfurt" title="Erfurt">Erfurt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frankfurt_(Oder)" title="Frankfurt (Oder)">Frankfurt an der Oder</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Goslar" title="Goslar">Goslar</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/M%C3%BChlhausen" title="Mühlhausen">Mühlhausen</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Nordhausen,_Thuringia" title="Nordhausen, Thuringia">Nordhausen</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Baltic</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Danzig(Gdańsk)" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:5.5em;font-weight:normal;"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0; line-height:1.1em;"><a href="/wiki/Gda%C5%84sk" title="Gdańsk"><span class="smallcaps">Danzig</span><br /><span style="font-size:85%;"><span class="nobold">(Gdańsk)</span></span></a></div></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wroc%C5%82aw" title="Wrocław">Breslau <span style="font-size:85%;">(Wrocław)</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tartu" title="Tartu">Dorpat <span style="font-size:85%;">(Tartu)</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elbl%C4%85g" title="Elbląg">Elbing <span style="font-size:85%;">(Elbląg)</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/K%C3%B6nigsberg" title="Königsberg">Königsberg</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(<a href="/wiki/Kaliningrad" title="Kaliningrad">Kaliningrad</a>)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Krak%C3%B3w" title="Kraków">Cracow <span style="font-size:85%;">(Kraków)</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tallinn" title="Tallinn">Reval <span style="font-size:85%;">(Tallinn)</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Riga" title="Riga">Riga <span style="font-size:85%;">(Rīga)</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Toru%C5%84" title="Toruń">Thorn <span style="font-size:85%;">(Toruń)</span></a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Westphalian</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Cologne_1Dortmund_1" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:5.5em;font-weight:normal;"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><span class="smallcaps"><i><a href="/wiki/Cologne" title="Cologne">Cologne</a></i></span> <span class="nobold"><sup><small>1</small></sup></span><br /><span class="smallcaps"><i><a href="/wiki/Dortmund" title="Dortmund">Dortmund</a></i></span> <span class="nobold"><sup><small>1</small></sup></span></div></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Deventer" title="Deventer">Deventer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Groningen" title="Groningen">Groningen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kampen,_Overijssel" title="Kampen, Overijssel">Kampen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/M%C3%BCnster" title="Münster">Münster</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Osnabr%C3%BCck" title="Osnabrück">Osnabrück</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Soest,_Germany" title="Soest, Germany">Soest</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zutphen" title="Zutphen">Zutphen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zwolle" title="Zwolle">Zwolle</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><hr /></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Kontor" title="Kontor">Kontore</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bryggen" title="Bryggen">Bryggen</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(<a href="/wiki/Bergen" title="Bergen">Bergen</a>)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kontor_of_Bruges" title="Kontor of Bruges">Kontor of Bruges</a> <ul><li><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/Bruges" title="Bruges">Bruges</a></span></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/Antwerp" title="Antwerp">Antwerp</a><sup>2</sup><span style="font-size:85%;"> </span></span></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Steelyard" title="Steelyard">Steelyard</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(<a href="/wiki/London" title="London">London</a>)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peterhof_(Novgorod)" title="Peterhof (Novgorod)">Peterhof</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(<a href="/wiki/Veliky_Novgorod" title="Veliky Novgorod">Novgorod</a>)</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i>Vitten</i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Falsterbo" title="Falsterbo">Falsterbo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malm%C3%B6" title="Malmö">Malmö</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Factories</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/King%27s_Lynn" title="King's Lynn">Bishop's Lynn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bristol" title="Bristol">Bristol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boston,_Lincolnshire" title="Boston, Lincolnshire">Boston</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Port_of_Ipswich" title="Port of Ipswich">Ipswich</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kaunas" title="Kaunas">Kaunas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leith" title="Leith">Leith</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Herford" title="Herford">Herford</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kingston_upon_Hull" title="Kingston upon Hull">Hull</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Newcastle_upon_Tyne" title="Newcastle upon Tyne">Newcastle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polotsk" title="Polotsk">Polotsk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pskov_Republic" title="Pskov Republic">Pskov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Great_Yarmouth" title="Great Yarmouth">Yarmouth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/York" title="York">York</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3" style="padding:0.2em 0.4em 0.4em;line-height:1.25em;"><div><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><sup><small>1</small></sup> <a href="/wiki/Cologne" title="Cologne">Cologne</a> and <a href="/wiki/Dortmund" title="Dortmund">Dortmund</a> were both chief city of the Westphalian Quarter at different times.</li><li><sup><small>2</small></sup> The kontor was moved to <a href="/wiki/Antwerp" title="Antwerp">Antwerp</a> once <a href="/wiki/Bruges" title="Bruges">Bruges</a> became inaccessible due to the silting of the <a href="/wiki/Zwin" title="Zwin">Zwin</a> channel.</li></ul></div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Municipalities_of_Gelderland" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Gelderland_Province" title="Template:Gelderland Province"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Gelderland_Province" title="Template talk:Gelderland Province"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Gelderland_Province" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Gelderland Province"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Municipalities_of_Gelderland" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Municipalities_of_the_Netherlands" title="Municipalities of the Netherlands">Municipalities</a> of <a href="/wiki/Gelderland" title="Gelderland">Gelderland</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aalten" title="Aalten">Aalten</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apeldoorn" title="Apeldoorn">Apeldoorn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arnhem" title="Arnhem">Arnhem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barneveld_(municipality)" title="Barneveld (municipality)">Barneveld</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Berg_en_Dal_(municipality)" title="Berg en Dal (municipality)">Berg en Dal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Berkelland" title="Berkelland">Berkelland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beuningen" title="Beuningen">Beuningen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bronckhorst" title="Bronckhorst">Bronckhorst</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brummen" title="Brummen">Brummen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Buren" title="Buren">Buren</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Culemborg" title="Culemborg">Culemborg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Doesburg" title="Doesburg">Doesburg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Doetinchem" title="Doetinchem">Doetinchem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Druten" title="Druten">Druten</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Duiven" title="Duiven">Duiven</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ede,_Netherlands" title="Ede, Netherlands">Ede</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elburg" title="Elburg">Elburg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Epe,_Netherlands" title="Epe, Netherlands">Epe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ermelo,_Netherlands" title="Ermelo, Netherlands">Ermelo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harderwijk" title="Harderwijk">Harderwijk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hattem" title="Hattem">Hattem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heerde" title="Heerde">Heerde</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heumen" title="Heumen">Heumen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lingewaard" title="Lingewaard">Lingewaard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lochem" title="Lochem">Lochem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maasdriel" title="Maasdriel">Maasdriel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Montferland" title="Montferland">Montferland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neder-Betuwe" title="Neder-Betuwe">Neder-Betuwe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nijkerk" title="Nijkerk">Nijkerk</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Nijmegen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nunspeet" title="Nunspeet">Nunspeet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oldebroek" title="Oldebroek">Oldebroek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oost_Gelre" title="Oost Gelre">Oost Gelre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oude_IJsselstreek" title="Oude IJsselstreek">Oude IJsselstreek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Overbetuwe" title="Overbetuwe">Overbetuwe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Putten" title="Putten">Putten</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Renkum" title="Renkum">Renkum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rheden" title="Rheden">Rheden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rozendaal" title="Rozendaal">Rozendaal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scherpenzeel,_Gelderland" title="Scherpenzeel, Gelderland">Scherpenzeel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tiel" title="Tiel">Tiel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Voorst" title="Voorst">Voorst</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wageningen" title="Wageningen">Wageningen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/West_Betuwe" title="West Betuwe">West Betuwe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/West_Maas_en_Waal" title="West Maas en Waal">West Maas en Waal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Westervoort" title="Westervoort">Westervoort</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wijchen" title="Wijchen">Wijchen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Winterswijk" title="Winterswijk">Winterswijk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zaltbommel" title="Zaltbommel">Zaltbommel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zevenaar" title="Zevenaar">Zevenaar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zutphen" title="Zutphen">Zutphen</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="1" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Gelderland_position.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ac/Gelderland_position.svg/60px-Gelderland_position.svg.png" decoding="async" width="60" height="71" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ac/Gelderland_position.svg/90px-Gelderland_position.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ac/Gelderland_position.svg/120px-Gelderland_position.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="200" data-file-height="236" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3"><div> <ul><li>See also</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Netherlands" title="Netherlands">Netherlands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Provinces_of_the_Netherlands" title="Provinces of the Netherlands">Provinces</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Municipalities_of_the_Netherlands" title="Municipalities of the Netherlands">Municipalities</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1038841319">.mw-parser-output .tooltip-dotted{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47887#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47887#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47887#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">International</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/126657387">VIAF</a></span><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/248086737">2</a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.oclc.org/worldcat/entity/E39PCjMhprygkkC6P7XWPyD6Xb">WorldCat</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/4075410-8">Germany</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n79069900">United States</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb11953240d">France</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb11953240d">BnF data</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Nijmegen (Nizozemsko)"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=ge290290&CON_LNG=ENG">Czech Republic</a></span></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://olduli.nli.org.il/F/?func=find-b&local_base=NLX10&find_code=UID&request=987007564234205171">Israel</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Geographic</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://musicbrainz.org/area/32b6a351-f0c2-40d6-970b-6c0b0721eb09">MusicBrainz area</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.idref.fr/027507742">IdRef</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalog.archives.gov/id/10045178">NARA</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Nijmegen&oldid=1258813946">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Nijmegen&oldid=1258813946</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Nijmegen" title="Category:Nijmegen">Nijmegen</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Cities_in_the_Netherlands" title="Category:Cities in the Netherlands">Cities in the Netherlands</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Municipalities_of_Gelderland" title="Category:Municipalities of Gelderland">Municipalities of Gelderland</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Populated_places_in_Gelderland" title="Category:Populated places in Gelderland">Populated places in Gelderland</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Populated_places_established_in_the_1st_century" title="Category:Populated places established in the 1st century">Populated places established in the 1st century</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:0s_establishments_in_the_Roman_Empire" title="Category:0s establishments in the Roman Empire">0s establishments in the Roman Empire</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Free_imperial_cities" title="Category:Free imperial cities">Free imperial cities</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Members_of_the_Hanseatic_League" title="Category:Members of the Hanseatic League">Members of the Hanseatic League</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Roman_legionary_fortresses_in_Netherlands" title="Category:Roman legionary fortresses in Netherlands">Roman legionary fortresses in Netherlands</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Roman_fortifications_in_Germania_Inferior" title="Category:Roman fortifications in Germania Inferior">Roman fortifications in Germania Inferior</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Hidden categories: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Pages_using_gadget_WikiMiniAtlas" title="Category:Pages using gadget WikiMiniAtlas">Pages using gadget WikiMiniAtlas</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Pages_with_non-numeric_formatnum_arguments" title="Category:Pages with non-numeric formatnum arguments">Pages with non-numeric formatnum arguments</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Pages_using_the_Phonos_extension" title="Category:Pages using the Phonos extension">Pages using the Phonos extension</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_containing_French-language_text" title="Category:Articles containing French-language text">Articles containing French-language text</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_containing_German-language_text" title="Category:Articles containing German-language text">Articles containing German-language text</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_containing_Italian-language_text" title="Category:Articles containing Italian-language text">Articles containing Italian-language text</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_Dutch-language_sources_(nl)" title="Category:CS1 Dutch-language sources (nl)">CS1 Dutch-language sources (nl)</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description" title="Category:Articles with short description">Articles with short description</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Short_description_is_different_from_Wikidata" title="Category:Short description is different from Wikidata">Short description is different from Wikidata</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Coordinates_on_Wikidata" title="Category:Coordinates on Wikidata">Coordinates on Wikidata</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Pages_with_Dutch_IPA" title="Category:Pages with Dutch IPA">Pages with Dutch IPA</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Pages_including_recorded_pronunciations" title="Category:Pages including recorded pronunciations">Pages including recorded pronunciations</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_containing_uncoded-language_text" title="Category:Articles containing uncoded-language text">Articles containing uncoded-language text</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Pages_with_undetermined_IPA" title="Category:Pages with undetermined IPA">Pages with undetermined IPA</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_containing_Latin-language_text" title="Category:Articles containing Latin-language text">Articles containing Latin-language text</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_containing_Dutch-language_text" title="Category:Articles containing Dutch-language text">Articles containing Dutch-language text</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Wikipedia_articles_needing_clarification_from_September_2019" title="Category:Wikipedia articles needing clarification from September 2019">Wikipedia articles needing clarification from September 2019</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_containing_potentially_dated_statements_from_October_2018" title="Category:Articles containing potentially dated statements from October 2018">Articles containing potentially dated statements from October 2018</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:All_articles_containing_potentially_dated_statements" title="Category:All articles containing potentially dated statements">All articles containing potentially dated statements</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Commons_link_is_on_Wikidata" title="Category:Commons link is on Wikidata">Commons link is on Wikidata</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Official_website_different_in_Wikidata_and_Wikipedia" title="Category:Official website different in Wikidata and Wikipedia">Official website different in Wikidata and Wikipedia</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Pages_using_the_Kartographer_extension" title="Category:Pages using the Kartographer extension">Pages using the Kartographer extension</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> This page was last edited on 21 November 2024, at 19:42<span class="anonymous-show"> (UTC)</span>.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Text is available under the <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Text_of_the_Creative_Commons_Attribution-ShareAlike_4.0_International_License" title="Wikipedia:Text of the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License">Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License</a>; additional terms may apply. By using this site, you agree to the <a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Terms_of_Use" class="extiw" title="foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Terms of Use">Terms of Use</a> and <a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy" class="extiw" title="foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy policy">Privacy Policy</a>. Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/">Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.</a>, a non-profit organization.</li> </ul> <ul id="footer-places"> <li id="footer-places-privacy"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy">Privacy policy</a></li> <li id="footer-places-about"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:About">About Wikipedia</a></li> <li id="footer-places-disclaimers"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:General_disclaimer">Disclaimers</a></li> <li id="footer-places-contact"><a href="//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Contact_us">Contact Wikipedia</a></li> <li id="footer-places-wm-codeofconduct"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Universal_Code_of_Conduct">Code of Conduct</a></li> <li id="footer-places-developers"><a href="https://developer.wikimedia.org">Developers</a></li> <li id="footer-places-statslink"><a href="https://stats.wikimedia.org/#/en.wikipedia.org">Statistics</a></li> <li id="footer-places-cookiestatement"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Cookie_statement">Cookie statement</a></li> <li id="footer-places-mobileview"><a href="//en.m.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Nijmegen&mobileaction=toggle_view_mobile" class="noprint stopMobileRedirectToggle">Mobile view</a></li> </ul> <ul id="footer-icons" class="noprint"> <li id="footer-copyrightico"><a href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/static/images/footer/wikimedia-button.svg" width="84" height="29" alt="Wikimedia Foundation" loading="lazy"></a></li> <li id="footer-poweredbyico"><a href="https://www.mediawiki.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/w/resources/assets/poweredby_mediawiki.svg" alt="Powered by MediaWiki" width="88" height="31" loading="lazy"></a></li> </ul> </footer> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-settings" id="p-dock-bottom"> <ul></ul> </div><script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.config.set({"wgHostname":"mw-web.codfw.main-6df7948d6c-m54ph","wgBackendResponseTime":219,"wgKartographerLiveData":{"_f2809de9bfc1110018b0e5f904f951cae36f6911":[{"type":"ExternalData","service":"geoshape","url":"https://maps.wikimedia.org/geoshape?getgeojson=1\u0026ids=Q47887","properties":{"title":"Nijmegen","fill-opacity":0.5,"stroke":"#FF0000","stroke-width":3,"fill":"#606060"}},{"type":"ExternalData","service":"geoline","url":"https://maps.wikimedia.org/geoline?getgeojson=1\u0026ids=Q47887","properties":{"stroke-width":5,"stroke":"#FF0000","title":"Nijmegen"}}]},"wgPageParseReport":{"limitreport":{"cputime":"1.515","walltime":"2.005","ppvisitednodes":{"value":14735,"limit":1000000},"postexpandincludesize":{"value":209432,"limit":2097152},"templateargumentsize":{"value":26083,"limit":2097152},"expansiondepth":{"value":27,"limit":100},"expensivefunctioncount":{"value":10,"limit":500},"unstrip-depth":{"value":1,"limit":20},"unstrip-size":{"value":166452,"limit":5000000},"entityaccesscount":{"value":1,"limit":400},"timingprofile":["100.00% 1736.140 1 -total"," 30.22% 524.697 1 Template:Infobox_settlement"," 27.28% 473.579 1 Template:Infobox"," 16.12% 279.947 2 Template:Reflist"," 11.08% 192.445 27 Template:Cite_web"," 9.00% 156.318 1 Template:Geographic_location"," 7.85% 136.279 2 Template:IPA"," 6.04% 104.831 7 Template:Infobox_settlement/metric"," 5.90% 102.418 18 Template:Replace"," 5.73% 99.537 1 Template:Short_description"]},"scribunto":{"limitreport-timeusage":{"value":"0.840","limit":"10.000"},"limitreport-memusage":{"value":20332455,"limit":52428800},"limitreport-logs":"anchor_id_list = table#1 {\n [\"CITEREFAton2022\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFBaron_Sloet1872\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFHembrow2010\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFLiu2022\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFLourensLucassen1997\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFMcGreevy\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFNijtmans2022\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFVeenink2023\"] = 1,\n}\ntemplate_list = table#1 {\n [\"!\"] = 1,\n [\"As of\"] = 1,\n [\"Authority control\"] = 1,\n [\"Cite Collins Dictionary\"] = 1,\n [\"Cite book\"] = 3,\n [\"Cite magazine\"] = 1,\n [\"Cite news\"] = 2,\n [\"Cite web\"] = 23,\n [\"Clarify\"] = 1,\n [\"Clear\"] = 1,\n [\"Commons\"] = 1,\n [\"Convert\"] = 7,\n [\"Coord\"] = 1,\n [\"Dutch municipality land area\"] = 1,\n [\"Dutch municipality population\"] = 4,\n [\"Dutch municipality population density\"] = 1,\n [\"Dutch municipality population urbanmetro\"] = 4,\n [\"Dutch municipality total area\"] = 2,\n [\"Dutch municipality water area\"] = 1,\n [\"Efn\"] = 1,\n [\"Flag\"] = 2,\n [\"For timeline\"] = 1,\n [\"Gelderland Province\"] = 1,\n [\"Geographic location\"] = 1,\n [\"Hanseatic League\"] = 1,\n [\"Harvnb\"] = 1,\n [\"Historical populations\"] = 1,\n [\"IPA\"] = 1,\n [\"IPA-all\"] = 1,\n [\"IPAc-en\"] = 1,\n [\"ISBN\"] = 2,\n [\"Infobox mapframe\"] = 1,\n [\"Infobox settlement\"] = 1,\n [\"Lang\"] = 2,\n [\"Langx\"] = 5,\n [\"Lexico\"] = 1,\n [\"MONTHNAME\"] = 2,\n [\"Notelist\"] = 1,\n [\"Official website\"] = 1,\n [\"Reflist\"] = 1,\n [\"Respell\"] = 1,\n [\"See also\"] = 1,\n [\"Short description\"] = 1,\n [\"URL\"] = 1,\n [\"Weather box\"] = 1,\n [\"Wikivoyage\"] = 1,\n [\"YEAR\"] = 2,\n}\narticle_whitelist = table#1 {\n}\n"},"cachereport":{"origin":"mw-web.codfw.main-6df7948d6c-nktlm","timestamp":"20241127201549","ttl":2592000,"transientcontent":false}}});});</script> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@type":"Article","name":"Nijmegen","url":"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Nijmegen","sameAs":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q47887","mainEntity":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q47887","author":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Contributors to Wikimedia projects"},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"https:\/\/www.wikimedia.org\/static\/images\/wmf-hor-googpub.png"}},"datePublished":"2001-10-01T08:56:20Z","dateModified":"2024-11-21T19:42:24Z","image":"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/e\/e5\/Skyline_Nijmegen._Gelderland._Netherlands.jpg","headline":"municipality in Gelderland, Netherlands"}</script> </body> </html>