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rel="canonical" href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ionenmotor"> <link rel="license" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.nl"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/atom+xml" title="Wikipedia Atom-feed" href="/w/index.php?title=Speciaal:RecenteWijzigingen&feed=atom"> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//meta.wikimedia.org" /> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//login.wikimedia.org"> </head> <body class="skin--responsive skin-vector skin-vector-search-vue mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject mw-editable page-Ionenmotor rootpage-Ionenmotor skin-vector-2022 action-view"><a class="mw-jump-link" href="#bodyContent">Naar inhoud springen</a> <div class="vector-header-container"> <header class="vector-header mw-header"> <div class="vector-header-start"> <nav class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-main-menu-dropdown vector-button-flush-left vector-button-flush-right" > <input 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artikel</span></a></li><li id="n-today" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/3_december"><span>Vandaag</span></a></li><li id="n-Etalage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Etalage"><span>Etalage</span></a></li><li id="n-categories" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Categorie:Alles"><span>Categorieën</span></a></li><li id="n-recentchanges" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Speciaal:RecenteWijzigingen" title="Een lijst met recente wijzigingen in deze wiki. [r]" accesskey="r"><span>Recente wijzigingen</span></a></li><li id="n-newpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Speciaal:NieuwePaginas"><span>Nieuwe artikelen</span></a></li><li id="n-randompage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Speciaal:Willekeurig" title="Een willekeurige pagina bekijken [x]" accesskey="x"><span>Willekeurige pagina</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-navigation2" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-navigation2" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Informatie </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-portal" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Portaal:Gebruikersportaal" title="Informatie over het project: wat u kunt doen, waar u dingen kunt vinden"><span>Gebruikersportaal</span></a></li><li id="n-Snelcursus" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Snelcursus"><span>Snelcursus</span></a></li><li id="n-help" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Portaal:Hulp_en_beheer" title="Hulpinformatie over deze wiki"><span>Hulp en contact</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <a href="/wiki/Hoofdpagina" class="mw-logo"> <img class="mw-logo-icon" src="/static/images/icons/wikipedia.png" alt="" aria-hidden="true" height="50" width="50"> <span class="mw-logo-container skin-invert"> <img class="mw-logo-wordmark" alt="Wikipedia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-en.svg" style="width: 7.5em; height: 1.125em;"> <img class="mw-logo-tagline" alt="de vrije encyclopedie" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-tagline-nl.svg" width="120" height="13" style="width: 7.5em; height: 0.8125em;"> </span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-header-end"> <div id="p-search" role="search" class="vector-search-box-vue vector-search-box-collapses vector-search-box-show-thumbnail vector-search-box-auto-expand-width vector-search-box"> <a href="/wiki/Speciaal:Zoeken" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only search-toggle" title="Doorzoek Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-search mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-search"></span> <span>Zoeken</span> </a> <div class="vector-typeahead-search-container"> <div class="cdx-typeahead-search cdx-typeahead-search--show-thumbnail cdx-typeahead-search--auto-expand-width"> <form action="/w/index.php" id="searchform" class="cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button"> <div id="simpleSearch" class="cdx-search-input__input-wrapper" data-search-loc="header-moved"> <div class="cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon"> <input class="cdx-text-input__input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="Doorzoek Wikipedia" aria-label="Doorzoek Wikipedia" autocapitalize="sentences" title="Doorzoek Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f" id="searchInput" > <span class="cdx-text-input__icon cdx-text-input__start-icon"></span> </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="Speciaal:Zoeken"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">Zoeken</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-user-links vector-user-links-wide" aria-label="Persoonlijke hulpmiddelen"> <div class="vector-user-links-main"> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-preferences" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-userpage" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Uiterlijk"> <div id="vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " title="De lettergrootte, breedte en kleur van de pagina wijzigen" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Uiterlijk" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-appearance mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-appearance"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Uiterlijk</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_nl.wikipedia.org&uselang=nl" class=""><span>Doneren</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Speciaal:GebruikerAanmaken&returnto=Ionenmotor" title="Registreer u vooral en meld u aan. Dit is echter niet verplicht." class=""><span>Account aanmaken</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Speciaal:Aanmelden&returnto=Ionenmotor" title="U wordt van harte uitgenodigd om aan te melden, maar dit is niet verplicht [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Aanmelden</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Meer opties" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Persoonlijke hulpmiddelen" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Persoonlijke hulpmiddelen</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="Gebruikersmenu" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_nl.wikipedia.org&uselang=nl"><span>Doneren</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Speciaal:GebruikerAanmaken&returnto=Ionenmotor" title="Registreer u vooral en meld u aan. Dit is echter niet verplicht."><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>Account aanmaken</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Speciaal:Aanmelden&returnto=Ionenmotor" title="U wordt van harte uitgenodigd om aan te melden, maar dit is niet verplicht [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Aanmelden</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Pagina's voor uitgelogde redacteuren <a href="/wiki/Help:Inleiding" aria-label="Meer leren over bewerken"><span>meer lezen</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Speciaal:MijnBijdragen" title="Bijdragen IP-adres [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Bijdragen</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Speciaal:MijnOverleg" title="Overlegpagina van de anonieme gebruiker van dit IP-adres [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Overleg</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Inhoud" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Inhoud</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">naar zijbalk verplaatsen</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">verbergen</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Top</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Werking_van_de_ionenmotor" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Werking_van_de_ionenmotor"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Werking van de ionenmotor</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Werking_van_de_ionenmotor-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Vergelijking_met_conventionele_raketmotor" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Vergelijking_met_conventionele_raketmotor"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Vergelijking met conventionele raketmotor</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Vergelijking_met_conventionele_raketmotor-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Toepassing" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Toepassing"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Toepassing</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Toepassing-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Externe_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Externe_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Externe links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Externe_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Inhoud" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Inhoudsopgave omschakelen" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Inhoudsopgave omschakelen</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Ionenmotor</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Ga naar een artikel in een andere taal. Beschikbaar in 47 talen" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-47" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">47 talen</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ioonenjin" title="Ioonenjin – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Ioonenjin" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%AD%D8%B1%D9%83_%D8%A3%D9%8A%D9%88%D9%86%D9%8A" title="محرك أيوني – Arabisch" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="محرك أيوني" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Propulsor_i%C3%B3nicu" title="Propulsor iónicu – Asturisch" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Propulsor iónicu" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%86%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BD%D1%8B_%D1%80%D1%83%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%96%D0%BA" title="Іонны рухавік – Belarussisch" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Іонны рухавік" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarussisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%99%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BD_%D0%B4%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%B3%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BB" title="Йонен двигател – Bulgaars" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Йонен двигател" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgaars" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Motor_i%C3%B2nic" title="Motor iònic – Catalaans" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Motor iònic" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iontov%C3%BD_motor" title="Iontový motor – Tsjechisch" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Iontový motor" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Tsjechisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ion-motor" title="Ion-motor – Deens" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Ion-motor" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Deens" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ionenantrieb" title="Ionenantrieb – Duits" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Ionenantrieb" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="Duits" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ion_thruster" title="Ion thruster – Engels" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Ion thruster" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="Engels" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jonpelilo" title="Jonpelilo – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Jonpelilo" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Propulsor_i%C3%B3nico" title="Propulsor iónico – Spaans" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Propulsor iónico" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ioonmootor" title="Ioonmootor – Estisch" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Ioonmootor" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Motor_ioniko" title="Motor ioniko – Baskisch" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Motor ioniko" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Baskisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%BE%DB%8C%D8%B4%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%87_%DB%8C%D9%88%D9%86%DB%8C" title="پیشرانه یونی – Perzisch" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="پیشرانه یونی" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Perzisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ionimoottori" title="Ionimoottori – Fins" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Ionimoottori" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Fins" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moteur_ionique" title="Moteur ionique – Frans" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Moteur ionique" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="Frans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ianinneall" title="Ianinneall – Iers" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Ianinneall" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Iers" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%9E%D7%A0%D7%95%D7%A2_%D7%99%D7%95%D7%A0%D7%99%D7%9D" title="מנוע יונים – Hebreeuws" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="מנוע יונים" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebreeuws" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ionski_pogon" title="Ionski pogon – Kroatisch" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Ionski pogon" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Kroatisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ionhajt%C3%B3m%C5%B1" title="Ionhajtómű – Hongaars" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Ionhajtómű" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hongaars" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pendorong_ion" title="Pendorong ion – Indonesisch" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Pendorong ion" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Propulsore_ionico" title="Propulsore ionico – Italiaans" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Propulsore ionico" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italiaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%A4%E3%82%AA%E3%83%B3%E3%82%A8%E3%83%B3%E3%82%B8%E3%83%B3" title="イオンエンジン – Japans" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="イオンエンジン" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%98%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9C%E1%83%98%E1%83%A1_%E1%83%AB%E1%83%A0%E1%83%90%E1%83%95%E1%83%98" title="იონის ძრავი – Georgisch" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="იონის ძრავი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%9D%B4%EC%98%A8_%EA%B8%B0%EA%B4%80" title="이온 기관 – Koreaans" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="이온 기관" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Koreaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jonu_dzin%C4%93js" title="Jonu dzinējs – Lets" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Jonu dzinējs" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Lets" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Penujah_ion" title="Penujah ion – Maleis" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Penujah ion" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Maleis" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ionemotor" title="Ionemotor – Noors - Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Ionemotor" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Noors - Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ionemotor" title="Ionemotor – Noors - Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Ionemotor" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Noors - Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Motor_ionic" title="Motor ionic – Occitaans" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Motor ionic" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Occitaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Silnik_jonowy" title="Silnik jonowy – Pools" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Silnik jonowy" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Pools" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%8A%D9%88%D9%86%D9%8A_%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%B4%D9%8A%D9%86" title="يوني ماشين – Pasjtoe" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="يوني ماشين" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="Pasjtoe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Propulsor_de_%C3%ADons" title="Propulsor de íons – Portugees" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Propulsor de íons" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portugees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Motor_ionic" title="Motor ionic – Roemeens" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Motor ionic" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Roemeens" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru badge-Q17559452 badge-recommendedarticle mw-list-item" title="aanbevolen artikel"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B9_%D0%B4%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%B3%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%8C" title="Ионный двигатель – Russisch" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Ионный двигатель" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ionski_pogon" title="Ionski pogon – Servo-Kroatisch" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Ionski pogon" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Servo-Kroatisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ion_thruster" title="Ion thruster – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Ion thruster" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/I%C3%B3nov%C3%BD_motor" title="Iónový motor – Slowaaks" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Iónový motor" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slowaaks" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ionski_pogon" title="Ionski pogon – Sloveens" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Ionski pogon" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Sloveens" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jonski_motor" title="Jonski motor – Servisch" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Jonski motor" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Servisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jonmotor" title="Jonmotor – Zweeds" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Jonmotor" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Zweeds" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%B0yon_motoru" title="İyon motoru – Turks" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="İyon motoru" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turks" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%86%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%B4%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%B3%D1%83%D0%BD" title="Іонний двигун – Oekraïens" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Іонний двигун" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Oekraïens" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%90%E1%BB%99ng_c%C6%A1_ion" title="Động cơ ion – Vietnamees" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Động cơ ion" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%A6%BB%E5%AD%90%E6%8E%A8%E5%8A%9B%E5%99%A8" title="离子推力器 – Chinees" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="离子推力器" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%9B%A2%E5%AD%90%E5%BC%95%E6%93%8E" title="離子引擎 – Kantonees" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="離子引擎" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Kantonees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q205702#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Taalkoppelingen bewerken" class="wbc-editpage">Koppelingen bewerken</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Naamruimten"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Ionenmotor" title="Inhoudspagina bekijken [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Artikel</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Overleg:Ionenmotor" 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lang="nl" dir="ltr"><p>Een <b>ionenmotor</b> is een <a href="/wiki/Raketmotor" class="mw-redirect" title="Raketmotor">raketmotor</a> die zijn voortstuwingskracht produceert door <a href="/wiki/Ion_(deeltje)" title="Ion (deeltje)">ionen</a> met hoge snelheid af te stoten. </p><p>Hoewel het grote publiek de ionenmotor hooguit zal associëren met <a href="/wiki/Sciencefiction" title="Sciencefiction">sciencefictionseries</a> zoals <i><a href="/wiki/Star_Trek" title="Star Trek">Star Trek</a></i>, bestaat de ionenmotor wel degelijk. Het principe is aan het begin van de 20e eeuw bedacht door <a href="/wiki/Hermann_Oberth" title="Hermann Oberth">Hermann Oberth</a>, en wordt sinds een aantal jaren in de <a href="/wiki/Ruimtevaart" title="Ruimtevaart">ruimtevaart</a> toegepast. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Werking_van_de_ionenmotor">Werking van de ionenmotor</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ionenmotor&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Bewerk dit kopje: Werking van de ionenmotor" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ionenmotor&action=edit&section=1" title="De broncode bewerken van de sectie: Werking van de ionenmotor"><span>brontekst bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In een ionenmotor wordt stuwstof niet verbrand, maar <a href="/wiki/Ionisatie" title="Ionisatie">geïoniseerd</a>. Er wordt bijvoorbeeld een atoom geïoniseerd doordat het geraakt wordt door een <a href="/wiki/Elektron" title="Elektron">elektron</a> met hoge energie, waarbij een tweede elektron vrijkomt en dus een positief <a href="/wiki/Ion" class="mw-disambig" title="Ion">ion</a> overblijft. Om de lading van het ruimtevaartuig neutraal te houden worden met een apart onderdeel, de <i>neutralizer</i>, ook elektronen naar de ruimte uitgestoten, maar met een lagere snelheid. </p><p>De vrijkomende ionen passeren twee sterk elektrisch geladen roosters en worden daardoor versneld. De kracht die de versnelling van de ionen veroorzaakt, zorgt voor een tegenovergestelde reactiekracht, dit is de <a href="/wiki/Stuwkracht" title="Stuwkracht">stuwkracht</a> die de ionenmotor produceert. </p><p>Als stuwstof worden zware <a href="/wiki/Edelgas" title="Edelgas">edelgassen</a> <a href="/wiki/Xenon" title="Xenon">xenon</a>, <a href="/wiki/Krypton_(element)" title="Krypton (element)">krypton</a> en <a href="/wiki/Argon" title="Argon">argon</a> gebruikt. In het verleden is wel geëxperimenteerd met <a href="/wiki/Natrium" title="Natrium">natrium</a> en <a href="/wiki/Kwik" title="Kwik">kwik</a>, maar deze stoffen hadden een eroderende werking op de ionenmotor. </p><p>De elektrische energie die nodig is voor het ioniseren van de stuwstof en het versnellen van de vrijkomende ionen wordt ontleend aan <a href="/wiki/Zonnepaneel" title="Zonnepaneel">zonnepanelen</a>. In de toekomst worden hier wellicht ook <a href="/wiki/Kernreactor" title="Kernreactor">kernreactoren</a> voor gebruikt. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Vergelijking_met_conventionele_raketmotor">Vergelijking met conventionele raketmotor</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ionenmotor&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Bewerk dit kopje: Vergelijking met conventionele raketmotor" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ionenmotor&action=edit&section=2" title="De broncode bewerken van de sectie: Vergelijking met conventionele raketmotor"><span>brontekst bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Conventionele raketmotoren kunnen gedurende een korte tijd een enorme <a href="/wiki/Versnelling_(natuurkunde)" title="Versnelling (natuurkunde)">versnelling</a> geven, maar verbruiken daarbij ook grote hoeveelheden brandstof. De brandstofvoorraad zelf moet evenals het ruimtevaartuig ook voortgestuwd worden. De raketmotoren moeten bestand zijn tegen enorme <a href="/wiki/Kracht" title="Kracht">krachten</a> en hoge <a href="/wiki/Temperatuur" title="Temperatuur">temperaturen</a>, wat stevige (en dus zware) raketmotoren noodzakelijk maakt, die ook voortgestuwd moeten worden. Consequentie hiervan is dat het ruimtevaartuig nog meer brandstof mee moet nemen. </p><p>Ionenmotoren daarentegen produceren een lage stuwkracht, maar zijn wat betreft reactiemassa bijzonder zuinig. Ze produceren per kilogram stuwstof meer voortstuwingskracht dan conventionele raketmotoren. Ze kunnen op de lange duur dus dezelfde snelheid bereiken, maar met een veel lager stuwstofverbruik door de veel hogere uitstootsnelheid. Het ruimtevaartuig hoeft daarom minder stuwstof mee te nemen. Ionenmotoren zijn ook veel lichter van constructie, leggen daarom minder gewicht in de schaal, wat dus weer stuwstof- en dus massabesparing oplevert. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Toepassing">Toepassing</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ionenmotor&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Bewerk dit kopje: Toepassing" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ionenmotor&action=edit&section=3" title="De broncode bewerken van de sectie: Toepassing"><span>brontekst bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Bestand:PIA04242.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/PIA04242.jpg/260px-PIA04242.jpg" decoding="async" width="260" height="208" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/PIA04242.jpg/390px-PIA04242.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/PIA04242.jpg/520px-PIA04242.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1277" data-file-height="1024" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Deep_Space_1" title="Deep Space 1">Deep Space 1</a>, bron: <i>Courtesy NASA/JPL-Caltech</i></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Bestand:Ion_Engine_Test_Firing_-_GPN-2000-000482.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Ion_Engine_Test_Firing_-_GPN-2000-000482.jpg/260px-Ion_Engine_Test_Firing_-_GPN-2000-000482.jpg" decoding="async" width="260" height="205" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Ion_Engine_Test_Firing_-_GPN-2000-000482.jpg/390px-Ion_Engine_Test_Firing_-_GPN-2000-000482.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Ion_Engine_Test_Firing_-_GPN-2000-000482.jpg/520px-Ion_Engine_Test_Firing_-_GPN-2000-000482.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1880" data-file-height="1482" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Deep_Space_1" title="Deep Space 1">Deep Space 1</a>, bron: <i>Courtesy NASA/JPL-Caltech</i></figcaption></figure> <p>Ionenmotoren zijn door hun lage stuwkracht ongeschikt om ruimtevaartuigen te lanceren, daar zijn nog conventionele raketmotoren voor nodig. Zodra het ruimtevaartuig de ruimte heeft bereikt, kan de ionenmotor de voortstuwing in principe overnemen. </p><p>De ionenmotor kan jarenlang ononderbroken functioneren. Verre bestemmingen, bijvoorbeeld <a href="/wiki/Jupiter_(planeet)" title="Jupiter (planeet)">Jupiter</a> en verder, kunnen met behulp van ionenmotoren aanzienlijk sneller worden bereikt. </p><p>De ionenmotor is voor het eerst uitgebreid getest door het onbemande ruimtevaartuig <a href="/wiki/Deep_Space_1" title="Deep Space 1">Deep Space 1</a>. Deep Space 1 werd door <a href="/wiki/NASA" class="mw-redirect" title="NASA">NASA</a> op 24 oktober 1998 gelanceerd en was primair bedoeld om een aantal nieuwe ruimtevaarttechnologieën te testen, waaronder de ionenmotor. Aan het eind van de missie was de snelheid van Deep Space 1 dankzij de ionenmotor met 4,4 kilometer per seconde toegenomen, na verbruik van slechts 81,5 kilogram brandstof. Met een conventionele raketmotor zou met dezelfde hoeveelheid brandstof slechts een tiende van die versnelling zijn bereikt. </p><p>De Europese <a href="/wiki/SES_Astra" title="SES Astra">Astra</a> 2A satelliet, die televisiesignalen doorzendt, is voorzien van een ionenmotor. De wisselende aantrekkingskrachten van de <a href="/wiki/Maan" title="Maan">Maan</a> en de Zon zorgen ervoor dat dergelijke satellieten regelmatig koerscorrecties moeten uitvoeren. De hoeveelheid brandstof die meegenomen kan worden is beperkt, maar doordat de ionenmotor van de Astra 2A veel zuiniger is zal de levensduur van deze satelliet veel langer zijn dan de gebruikelijke periode van ongeveer 10 jaar. </p><p>De <a href="/wiki/SMART-1" title="SMART-1">SMART-1</a> van ruimtevaartorganisatie <a href="/wiki/Europese_Ruimtevaartorganisatie" class="mw-redirect" title="Europese Ruimtevaartorganisatie">ESA</a> heeft ook een ionenmotor. De onbemande SMART-1 is op 28 september 2003 gelanceerd en heeft in de nacht van 15 op 16 november 2004 een <a href="/wiki/Ellips" class="mw-disambig" title="Ellips">elliptische</a> <a href="/wiki/Polaire_satellietbaan" title="Polaire satellietbaan">polaire baan</a> rond de Maan bereikt en er werd in januari 2005 begonnen met het onderzoek. SMART-1 deed daar veel langer over dan een ruimtevaartuig met een conventionele raketmotor, maar was veel zuiniger en dus veel goedkoper. De missie is op 3 september 2006 geëindigd met het neerstorten van de sonde op de Maan. </p><p>Op 5 juni 2010 vestigde de ionenmotor van de ruimtesonde <a href="/wiki/Dawn_(ruimtesonde)" title="Dawn (ruimtesonde)">Dawn</a> een nieuw record voor de grootste snelheidsverandering die een raketvoortstuwingssysteem ooit in de ruimte heeft veroorzaakt. Sinds de lancering in september 2007 heeft de ionenmotor de snelheid van de <a href="/wiki/Ruimtesonde" title="Ruimtesonde">ruimtesonde</a> met ruim 5,7 kilometer per seconde verhoogd. Daarmee is het oude record uit december 2001 van <a href="/wiki/Deep_Space_1" title="Deep Space 1">Deep Space 1</a> verbroken.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/NASA" class="mw-redirect" title="NASA">NASA</a> werkt aan de ontwikkeling van een ionenmotor die van elektrische energie wordt voorzien door middel van een kernreactor. Dit maakt het gebruik van ionenmotoren voor ruimtevluchten mogelijk naar bestemmingen die zo ver van de Zon zijn verwijderd, dat zonnepanelen daar niet genoeg energie kunnen leveren. </p><p>De vanaf 2019 door <a href="/wiki/SpaceX" title="SpaceX">SpaceX</a> gelanceerde eerste generatie <a href="/wiki/Starlink" title="Starlink">Starlink</a> satellieten maken gebruik van een ionenmotor voor precisie-navigatie in de ruimte en om de satellieten na gebruik in een lagere baan te brengen waardoor hij zal verbranden. Deze ionenmotor gebruikt <a href="/wiki/Krypton_(element)" title="Krypton (element)">krypton</a> als aandrijfmedium. Bij de tweede generatie Starlink satellieten is dat argon. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Externe_links">Externe links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ionenmotor&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Bewerk dit kopje: Externe links" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ionenmotor&action=edit&section=4" title="De broncode bewerken van de sectie: Externe links"><span>brontekst bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.esa.int/export/esaCP/ESAZ2476K3D_Netherlands_0.html">ESA informatie ionenmotor</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://techcrunch.com/2019/05/24/spacex-reveals-more-starlink-info-after-launch-of-first-60-satellites/">Starlink satelliet informatie</a></li></ul> <div class="toccolours appendix" role="presentation" style="font-size:90%; margin:1em 0 -0.5em; clear:both;"> <div><span style="font-weight:bold">Bronnen, noten en/of referenties</span></div> <div class="reflist" style="list-style-type: decimal;"><div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-1">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110716023600/http://dawn.jpl.nasa.gov/mission/status.asp">Mission Status Updates: June 30, 2010</a>. Besproken in "Ionenmotor vestigt snelheidsrecord. NRC-next 15 juni 2010."</span> </li> </ol></div></div> </div> <div class="interProject commons mw-list-item" style="display:none;"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Ion_propulsion#mw-subcategories" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Ion propulsion">Mediabestanden</a></div> <div class="interProjectTemplate interProject-groot toccolours" style="display:flex; gap:1em; align-items:center; clear:both; margin:1em 0 -0.5em 0;"> <div style="min-width:max-content;"><span class="noviewer noresize" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Bestand:Commons-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/25px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="34" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/38px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/50px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a></span></div> <div>Zie de categorie <i><b><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Ion_propulsion#mw-subcategories" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Ion propulsion">Ion propulsion</a></b></i> van <a href="/wiki/Wikimedia_Commons" title="Wikimedia Commons">Wikimedia Commons</a> voor mediabestanden over dit onderwerp.</div> </div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r67837862">.mw-parser-output .navigatie{position:relative;clear:both;overflow:auto;margin:1em auto -0.5em;padding:2px;background-color:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa);border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);text-align:center;font-size:87%}.mw-parser-output .navigatie-bewerken{margin-left:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .navigatie-bewerken .mw-ui-icon::before{background-size:0.9em}.mw-parser-output .navigatie-afb-links,.mw-parser-output .navigatie-afb-rechts{position:absolute}.mw-parser-output .navigatie-afb-rechts{right:2px}.mw-parser-output .navigatie-afb-groot{float:right;padding-left:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .navigatie-titel{background-color:#ddeef8;padding:2px 5.5em;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .navigatie-inhoud{padding:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .navigatie-inhoud p:first-child{margin:0}.mw-parser-output .navigatie div[style*="background-color"],.mw-parser-output .navigatie div[style*="background"]{color:inherit}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navigatie-titel{background-color:var(--background-color-interactive,#eaecf0)!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navigatie-titel{background-color:var(--background-color-interactive,#eaecf0)!important}}</style> <div class="navigatie" role="navigation" aria-labelledby="Motoren"> <div class="navigatie-afb-links noviewer"><div class="navigatie-bewerken show-autoconfirmed nomobile"><span class="nowrap skin-invert-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Sjabloon:Navigatie_motoren" title="Sjabloon:Navigatie motoren"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/OOjs_UI_icon_article-ltr.svg/16px-OOjs_UI_icon_article-ltr.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/OOjs_UI_icon_article-ltr.svg/24px-OOjs_UI_icon_article-ltr.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/OOjs_UI_icon_article-ltr.svg/32px-OOjs_UI_icon_article-ltr.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span> · <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/nl:Overleg_sjabloon:Navigatie_motoren" title="Overleg sjabloon"><img alt="Overleg sjabloon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/40/OOjs_UI_icon_speechBubbles-ltr.svg/16px-OOjs_UI_icon_speechBubbles-ltr.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/40/OOjs_UI_icon_speechBubbles-ltr.svg/24px-OOjs_UI_icon_speechBubbles-ltr.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/40/OOjs_UI_icon_speechBubbles-ltr.svg/32px-OOjs_UI_icon_speechBubbles-ltr.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span> · <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="//nl.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Sjabloon:Navigatie_motoren&action=edit" title="Sjabloon bewerken"><img alt="Sjabloon bewerken" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg/16px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg/24px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg/32px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></span></div></div> <div id="Motoren" class="navigatie-titel"><a href="/wiki/Motor_(hoofdbetekenis)" class="mw-redirect" title="Motor (hoofdbetekenis)">Motoren</a></div> <div class="navigatie-inhoud"> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r67785531">.mw-parser-output .navigatie-tabel{margin:0 auto 0 auto;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navigatie-tabel .links{text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .navigatie-tabel .rechts{padding-left:0.5em}@media screen and (max-width:640px){.mw-parser-output .navigatie-tabel tr{display:grid;grid-template-columns:1fr;width:100%;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .navigatie-tabel tr:last-of-type{margin-bottom:0}.mw-parser-output .navigatie-tabel .links{text-align:unset}.mw-parser-output .navigatie-tabel .rechts{padding:unset}}</style><table class="navigatie-tabel vatop" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style=""><tbody><tr><td class="links" style=""><b><a href="/wiki/Verbrandingsmotor" title="Verbrandingsmotor">Verbrandingsmotor</a> naar brandstof:</b></td><td class="rechts"><a href="/wiki/Benzinemotor" title="Benzinemotor">benzinemotor</a> · <a href="/wiki/Dieselmotor" title="Dieselmotor">dieselmotor</a> · <a href="/wiki/Petroleummotor" title="Petroleummotor">petroleummotor</a> · <a href="/wiki/Ruwoliemotor" title="Ruwoliemotor">ruwoliemotor</a></td></tr><tr><td class="links"><b>naar techniek:</b></td><td class="rechts"><a href="/wiki/Dubbelzuigermotor" title="Dubbelzuigermotor">dubbelzuigermotor</a> · <a href="/wiki/Gloeikopmotor" title="Gloeikopmotor">gloeikopmotor</a> · <a href="/wiki/Injectiemotor" title="Injectiemotor">injectiemotor</a> · <a href="/wiki/Tweetaktmotor" title="Tweetaktmotor">tweetaktmotor</a> · <a href="/wiki/Viertaktmotor" title="Viertaktmotor">viertaktmotor</a> · <a href="/wiki/Wankelmotor" title="Wankelmotor">wankelmotor</a> · <a href="/wiki/Zuigermotor" title="Zuigermotor">zuigermotor</a></td></tr><tr><td class="links"><b>naar vorm:</b></td><td class="rechts"><a href="/wiki/Boxermotor" title="Boxermotor">boxermotor</a> · <a href="/wiki/H-motor" title="H-motor">H-motor</a> · <a href="/wiki/Lijnmotor" title="Lijnmotor">lijnmotor</a> · <a href="/wiki/Rotatiemotor" title="Rotatiemotor">rotatiemotor</a> · <a href="/wiki/Stermotor" title="Stermotor">stermotor</a> · <a href="/wiki/U-motor" title="U-motor">U-motor</a> · <a href="/wiki/V-motor" title="V-motor">V-motor</a> · <a href="/wiki/VR-motor" title="VR-motor">VR-motor</a> · <a href="/wiki/W-motor" title="W-motor">W-motor</a></td></tr><tr><td class="links"><b>Andere <a href="/wiki/Warmtemachine" title="Warmtemachine">warmtemachines</a>:</b></td><td class="rechts"><a href="/wiki/Stirlingmotor" title="Stirlingmotor">stirlingmotor</a> · <a href="/wiki/Stoommachine" title="Stoommachine">stoommachine</a></td></tr><tr><td class="links"><b><a href="/wiki/Elektromotor" title="Elektromotor">Elektromotor</a>:</b></td><td class="rechts"><a href="/wiki/Driefasige_asynchrone_motor" title="Driefasige asynchrone motor">driefasige asynchrone motor</a> · <a href="/wiki/Eenfasige_asynchrone_motor" title="Eenfasige asynchrone motor">eenfasige asynchrone motor</a> · <a href="/wiki/Gelijkstroommotor" title="Gelijkstroommotor">gelijkstroommotor</a> · <a href="/wiki/Lineaire_inductiemotor" title="Lineaire inductiemotor">lineaire inductiemotor</a> · <a href="/wiki/Stappenmotor" title="Stappenmotor">stappenmotor</a> · <a href="/wiki/Wisselstroommotor" title="Wisselstroommotor">wisselstroommotor</a></td></tr><tr><td class="links"><b><a href="/wiki/Luchtvaart" title="Luchtvaart">Luchtvaart</a>:</b></td><td class="rechts"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">ionenmotor</a> · <a href="/wiki/Straalmotor" title="Straalmotor">straalmotor</a> · <a href="/wiki/Raket" title="Raket">raketmotor</a> · <a href="/wiki/Ramjet" title="Ramjet">ramjet</a> · <a href="/wiki/Reactiemotor" title="Reactiemotor">reactiemotor</a> · <a href="/wiki/Scramjet" title="Scramjet">scramjet</a> · <a href="/wiki/Vliegtuigmotor" title="Vliegtuigmotor">vliegtuigmotor</a></td></tr><tr><td class="links"><b>Toepassing:</b></td><td class="rechts"><a href="/wiki/Buitenboordmotor" title="Buitenboordmotor">buitenboordmotor</a> · <a href="/wiki/Hulpmotor" title="Hulpmotor">hulpmotor</a> · <a href="/wiki/Inbouwmotor" title="Inbouwmotor">inbouwmotor</a> · <a href="/wiki/Startmotor" title="Startmotor">startmotor</a></td></tr></tbody></table> </div></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1&useformat=desktop" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Overgenomen van "<a dir="ltr" href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ionenmotor&oldid=68311798">https://nl.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ionenmotor&oldid=68311798</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a 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