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interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%88%DB%8C%D9%84%DB%8C%D8%A7%D9%85_%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%B3%DA%A9%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%AA%D9%88%D9%86" title="ویلیام ایسکرانتون – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="ویلیام ایسکرانتون" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Scranton" title="William Scranton – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="William Scranton" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Scranton" title="William Scranton – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="William Scranton" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Scranton" title="William Scranton – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="William Scranton" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gulielmus_Warren_Scranton" title="Gulielmus Warren Scranton – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Gulielmus Warren Scranton" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%88%D9%8A%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%A7%D9%85_%D8%B3%D9%83%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%AA%D9%88%D9%86" title="ويليام سكرانتون – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="ويليام سكرانتون" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Scranton" title="William Scranton – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="William Scranton" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Scranton" title="William Scranton – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="William Scranton" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Scranton" title="William Scranton – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="William Scranton" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Scranton" title="William Scranton – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="William Scranton" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Scranton" title="William Scranton – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="William Scranton" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li> </ul> <div 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id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Governor of Pennsylvania (1917-2013)</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">For other people named William Scranton, see <a href="/wiki/William_Scranton_(disambiguation)" class="mw-disambig" title="William Scranton (disambiguation)">William Scranton (disambiguation)</a>.</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size: 100%;"><div class="fn" style="font-size:125%;">William Scranton</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:William_Scranton_(R-PA)_(cropped).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/William_Scranton_%28R-PA%29_%28cropped%29.jpg/220px-William_Scranton_%28R-PA%29_%28cropped%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="293" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/William_Scranton_%28R-PA%29_%28cropped%29.jpg/330px-William_Scranton_%28R-PA%29_%28cropped%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/William_Scranton_%28R-PA%29_%28cropped%29.jpg/440px-William_Scranton_%28R-PA%29_%28cropped%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1803" data-file-height="2404" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption" style="line-height:normal;padding-top:0.2em;">Official portrait, 1962</div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;">13th <a href="/wiki/United_States_Ambassador_to_the_United_Nations" class="mw-redirect" title="United States Ambassador to the United Nations">United States Ambassador to the United Nations</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><span class="nowrap"><b>In office</b></span><br />March 15, 1976 – January 19, 1977</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">President</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Gerald_Ford" title="Gerald Ford">Gerald Ford</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Preceded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Daniel_Patrick_Moynihan" title="Daniel Patrick Moynihan">Daniel Patrick Moynihan</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Succeeded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Andrew_Young" title="Andrew Young">Andrew Young</a></td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;">38th <a href="/wiki/Governor_of_Pennsylvania" class="mw-redirect" title="Governor of Pennsylvania">Governor of Pennsylvania</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><span class="nowrap"><b>In office</b></span><br />January 15, 1963 – January 17, 1967</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><a href="/wiki/Lieutenant_Governor_of_Pennsylvania" title="Lieutenant Governor of Pennsylvania">Lieutenant</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Raymond_P._Shafer" title="Raymond P. Shafer">Raymond P. Shafer</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Preceded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/David_L._Lawrence" title="David L. Lawrence">David Lawrence</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Succeeded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Raymond_P._Shafer" title="Raymond P. Shafer">Raymond P. Shafer</a></td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;">Member of the <span style="display: inline-block;"><a href="/wiki/United_States_House_of_Representatives" title="United States House of Representatives">U.S. House of Representatives</a></span><br />from <a href="/wiki/Pennsylvania" title="Pennsylvania">Pennsylvania</a>'s <span data-sort-value="Pennsylvania10 !"><a href="/wiki/Pennsylvania%27s_10th_congressional_district" title="Pennsylvania's 10th congressional district">10th</a></span> district</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><span class="nowrap"><b>In office</b></span><br />January 3, 1961 – January 3, 1963</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Preceded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Stanley_A._Prokop" title="Stanley A. Prokop">Stanley Prokop</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Succeeded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Joseph_M._McDade" title="Joseph M. McDade">Joe McDade</a></td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender">Personal details</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Born</th><td class="infobox-data"><div style="display:inline" class="nickname">William Warren Scranton</div><br /><span style="display:none">(<span class="bday">1917-07-19</span>)</span>July 19, 1917<br /><a href="/wiki/Madison,_Connecticut" title="Madison, Connecticut">Madison, Connecticut</a>, U.S.</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Died</th><td class="infobox-data">July 28, 2013<span style="display:none">(2013-07-28)</span> (aged 96)<br /><a href="/wiki/Montecito,_California" title="Montecito, California">Montecito, California</a>, U.S.</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Political party</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Republican Party (United States)">Republican</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Spouse</th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1151524712">.mw-parser-output .marriage-line-margin2px{line-height:0;margin-bottom:-2px}.mw-parser-output .marriage-line-margin3px{line-height:0;margin-bottom:-3px}.mw-parser-output .marriage-display-ws{display:inline;white-space:nowrap}</style> <div class="marriage-display-ws"><div style="display:inline-block;line-height:normal;margin-top:1px;white-space:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Mary_Scranton" title="Mary Scranton">Mary Lowe Chamberlain</a></div> <div class="marriage-line-margin2px"></div> <div style="display:inline-block;margin-bottom:1px;"></div>(<abbr title="married">m.</abbr> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1038841319">.mw-parser-output .tooltip-dotted{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}</style><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip" title="July 6, 1942">1942</span>)<wbr /></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Children</th><td class="infobox-data">4, including <a href="/wiki/William_Scranton_III" title="William Scranton III">William</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Relatives</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Scranton_family" title="Scranton family">Scranton family</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Education</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Yale_University" title="Yale University">Yale University</a> (<a href="/wiki/Bachelor_of_Arts" title="Bachelor of Arts">BA</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bachelor_of_Laws" title="Bachelor of Laws">LLB</a>)</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender">Military service</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Allegiance</th><td class="infobox-data">United States</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Branch/service</th><td class="infobox-data"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:US_Army_Air_Corps_Hap_Arnold_Wings.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/US_Army_Air_Corps_Hap_Arnold_Wings.svg/20px-US_Army_Air_Corps_Hap_Arnold_Wings.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/US_Army_Air_Corps_Hap_Arnold_Wings.svg/30px-US_Army_Air_Corps_Hap_Arnold_Wings.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/US_Army_Air_Corps_Hap_Arnold_Wings.svg/40px-US_Army_Air_Corps_Hap_Arnold_Wings.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="320" data-file-height="320" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/United_States_Army_Air_Forces" title="United States Army Air Forces">United States Army Air Forces</a><br /><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Flag_of_the_United_States_Air_Force.svg/19px-Flag_of_the_United_States_Air_Force.svg.png" decoding="async" width="19" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Flag_of_the_United_States_Air_Force.svg/29px-Flag_of_the_United_States_Air_Force.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Flag_of_the_United_States_Air_Force.svg/38px-Flag_of_the_United_States_Air_Force.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="6336" data-file-height="4992" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/United_States_Air_Force" title="United States Air Force">United States Air Force</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Years of service</th><td class="infobox-data">1941–1945</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Rank</th><td class="infobox-data"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:US_military_captain%27s_rank.gif" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/US_military_captain%27s_rank.gif/20px-US_military_captain%27s_rank.gif" decoding="async" width="20" height="19" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/US_military_captain%27s_rank.gif/30px-US_military_captain%27s_rank.gif 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/US_military_captain%27s_rank.gif/40px-US_military_captain%27s_rank.gif 2x" data-file-width="101" data-file-height="96" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Captain_(United_States)" title="Captain (United States)">Captain</a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-below" style="border-top: 1px solid right;"><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>William Warren Scranton</b> (July 19, 1917 – July 28, 2013) was an American <a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Republican Party (United States)">Republican Party</a> politician and diplomat.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Scranton served as the 38th <a href="/wiki/Governor_of_Pennsylvania" class="mw-redirect" title="Governor of Pennsylvania">governor of Pennsylvania</a> from 1963 to 1967, and as <a href="/wiki/United_States_Ambassador_to_the_United_Nations" class="mw-redirect" title="United States Ambassador to the United Nations">United States Ambassador to the United Nations</a> from 1976 to 1977.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Born into the prominent <a href="/wiki/Scranton_family" title="Scranton family">Scranton family</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> William W. Scranton graduated from <a href="/wiki/Yale_Law_School" title="Yale Law School">Yale Law School</a> and served in the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Army_Air_Corps" title="United States Army Air Corps">United States Army Air Corps</a> during <a href="/wiki/World_War_II" title="World War II">World War II</a>. After the war, he practiced law and became active in the <a href="/wiki/Republican_State_Committee_of_Pennsylvania" class="mw-redirect" title="Republican State Committee of Pennsylvania">Pennsylvania Republican Party</a>. He won election to the <a href="/wiki/United_States_House_of_Representatives" title="United States House of Representatives">United States House of Representatives</a> in <a href="/wiki/1960_United_States_House_of_Representatives_elections" title="1960 United States House of Representatives elections">1960</a> and gained a reputation as an outspoken moderate during his time in Congress. He won the Republican nomination in <a href="/wiki/1962_Pennsylvania_gubernatorial_election" title="1962 Pennsylvania gubernatorial election">Pennsylvania's 1962 gubernatorial election</a>, defeating <a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democrat</a> <a href="/wiki/Richardson_Dilworth" title="Richardson Dilworth">Richardson Dilworth</a> in the general election.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>As governor, Scranton presided over sweeping reforms to Pennsylvania's education system, including the creation of the state's <a href="/wiki/List_of_community_colleges#United_States" title="List of community colleges">community college system</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Scranton entered the race for the <a href="/wiki/1964_Republican_Party_presidential_primaries" title="1964 Republican Party presidential primaries">1964 Republican presidential nomination</a> after the collapse of <a href="/wiki/Nelson_Rockefeller" title="Nelson Rockefeller">Nelson Rockefeller</a>'s candidacy, but <a href="/wiki/Barry_Goldwater" title="Barry Goldwater">Barry Goldwater</a> won the nomination. Scranton was term-limited out of office in 1967 but remained active in politics. He chaired the <a href="/wiki/President%27s_Commission_on_Campus_Unrest" title="President's Commission on Campus Unrest">President's Commission on Campus Unrest</a>, served as a member of the transition team for President <a href="/wiki/Gerald_Ford" title="Gerald Ford">Gerald Ford</a>, and served as the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Ambassador_to_the_United_Nations" class="mw-redirect" title="United States Ambassador to the United Nations">United States Ambassador to the United Nations</a> from 1976 to 1977. He also served on the boards of several high-profile corporations and was associated with the <a href="/wiki/Trilateral_Commission" title="Trilateral Commission">Trilateral Commission</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Council_on_Foreign_Relations" title="Council on Foreign Relations">Council on Foreign Relations</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Early_life">Early life</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=William_Scranton&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Early life"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>William Scranton was born on July 19, 1917, while the Scranton family was on vacation at a cottage in <a href="/wiki/Madison,_Connecticut" title="Madison, Connecticut">Madison, Connecticut</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He was the son of <a href="/wiki/Worthington_Scranton" title="Worthington Scranton">Worthington Scranton</a>, a wealthy Pennsylvania businessman who was the president of the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Scranton_Gas_and_Water_Company&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Scranton Gas and Water Company (page does not exist)">Scranton Gas and Water Company</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Marion_Margery_Scranton" title="Marion Margery Scranton">Marion Margery (Warren) Scranton</a>, a member of the <a href="/wiki/Republican_National_Committee" title="Republican National Committee">Republican National Committee</a> for over two decades.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Despite her own involvement in politics, his mother tried to dissuade him from entering politics because of his childhood struggles with <a href="/wiki/Asthma" title="Asthma">asthma</a>. She feared that the stress of campaigning would be detrimental to his frail health. She died just before her son's election to Congress in 1960. </p><p>Scranton family members, <a href="/wiki/George_W._Scranton" title="George W. Scranton">George W. Scranton</a> and his brother Selden, were the founders and patriarchs of the city of <a href="/wiki/Scranton,_Pennsylvania" title="Scranton, Pennsylvania">Scranton, Pennsylvania</a>. He was the grandnephew of <a href="/wiki/Joseph_A._Scranton" title="Joseph A. Scranton">Joseph A. Scranton</a>, a Representative from Pennsylvania. He was also a nephew by marriage of former <a href="/wiki/United_States_Supreme_Court" class="mw-redirect" title="United States Supreme Court">U.S. Supreme Court</a> Justice <a href="/wiki/David_Davis_(senator)" class="mw-redirect" title="David Davis (senator)">David Davis</a>, a confidante of President <a href="/wiki/Abraham_Lincoln" title="Abraham Lincoln">Abraham Lincoln</a>. His maternal ancestors came to America on the <i><a href="/wiki/Mayflower" title="Mayflower">Mayflower</a></i>.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Scranton's father was the son of <a href="/wiki/William_Walker_Scranton" title="William Walker Scranton">William Walker Scranton</a> (1844–1916) and Katharine Maria Smith (1851–1935). His father was an industrialist, general manager of the Lackawanna Iron & Coal Company founded by George W. Scranton, among other interests in Scranton. Katherine Smith was the daughter of <a href="/wiki/Worthington_Curtis_Smith" class="mw-redirect" title="Worthington Curtis Smith">Worthington Curtis Smith</a>, who served as a United States Congressman from <a href="/wiki/Vermont" title="Vermont">Vermont</a>. Katherine M. Smith's uncle was <a href="/wiki/J._Gregory_Smith" title="J. Gregory Smith">J. Gregory Smith</a>, who served as <a href="/wiki/Governor_of_Vermont" title="Governor of Vermont">Governor of Vermont</a>. Her cousins included <a href="/wiki/Edward_Curtis_Smith" title="Edward Curtis Smith">Edward Curtis Smith</a>, who also served as governor. Her grandfather, <a href="/wiki/John_Smith_(Vermont_politician)" title="John Smith (Vermont politician)">John Smith</a>, also served as a United States Congressman from Vermont. Scranton's genealogical line runs from John Smith (great-great-grandfather) to Worthington C. Smith (great-grandfather) to Katherine Maria Smith Scranton (paternal grandmother) to Worthington Scranton (father) to Scranton.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>William Warren Scranton resided with his parents for many years at Marworth, an estate in <a href="/wiki/Dalton,_Pennsylvania" title="Dalton, Pennsylvania">Dalton, Pennsylvania</a>, that was located roughly eight miles north of Scranton.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Following the death of his parents, he inherited the estate. On October 9, 1976, Scranton and his wife hosted a "Day in the Country" party at Marworth. Among the guests in attendance were U.N. Secretary-General <a href="/wiki/Kurt_Waldheim" title="Kurt Waldheim">Kurt Waldheim</a> and James Murray, British ambassador to the United Nations.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1981, ground was broken for a new alcohol and drug rehabilitation center to be operated by the Geisinger Medical Management Corporation on the grounds at Marworth.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Education">Education</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=William_Scranton&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Education"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Scranton began his education at the Scranton Country Day School, which had been founded by his parents, completing his basic schooling at the <a href="/wiki/Fessenden_School" title="Fessenden School">Fessenden School</a> in <a href="/wiki/Newton,_Massachusetts" title="Newton, Massachusetts">Newton, Massachusetts</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-auto_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and attended the prestigious <a href="/wiki/Hotchkiss_School" title="Hotchkiss School">Hotchkiss School</a> in <a href="/wiki/Lakeville,_Connecticut" title="Lakeville, Connecticut">Lakeville, Connecticut</a>. Scranton graduated from <a href="/wiki/Yale_University" title="Yale University">Yale University</a> in 1939. While at Yale, he was a member of the <a href="/wiki/Yale_Political_Union" title="Yale Political Union">Yale Political Union</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Chi_Psi" title="Chi Psi">Chi Psi</a> <a href="/wiki/Fraternities_and_sororities" title="Fraternities and sororities">fraternity</a>, where he became friends with another fraternity brother from <a href="/wiki/Delta_Kappa_Epsilon" title="Delta Kappa Epsilon">Delta Kappa Epsilon</a>, future <a href="/wiki/President_of_the_United_States" title="President of the United States">U.S. President</a> <a href="/wiki/Gerald_Ford" title="Gerald Ford">Gerald Ford</a>, and of the <a href="/wiki/Berzelius" class="mw-redirect" title="Berzelius">Berzelius</a> Secret Senior Society (pictured with his Berzelius Class of '39 as <sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Military_service">Military service</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=William_Scranton&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Military service"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Scranton attended <a href="/wiki/Yale_Law_School" title="Yale Law School">Yale Law School</a> from 1939 to 1941, dropping out in advance of <a href="/wiki/World_War_II" title="World War II">World War II</a>, enlisting in the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Army_Air_Corps" title="United States Army Air Corps">United States Army Air Corps</a> and serving as an Air Transport Command pilot during the war. Although he did not serve in <a href="/wiki/Combat" title="Combat">combat</a>, he was assigned to aircraft mobilization and <a href="/wiki/Aviator" class="mw-redirect" title="Aviator">pilot</a> training duties, and was stationed on three different continents during his tour of duty, including <a href="/wiki/South_America" title="South America">South America</a>, <a href="/wiki/Africa" title="Africa">Africa</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Asia" title="Asia">Asia</a>. On July 6, 1942, he married <a href="/wiki/Mary_Scranton" title="Mary Scranton">Mary Lowe Chamberlain</a> (1918–2015). The couple had four children, a daughter and three sons, Susan, William Worthington, Joseph Curtis and Peter Kip. He was honorably discharged from the military as a captain, but was active in the <a href="/wiki/U.S._Air_Force_Reserves" class="mw-redirect" title="U.S. Air Force Reserves">U.S. Air Force Reserves</a> for two decades thereafter. Following the war, he resumed his studies at Yale Law School. He graduated in 1946 and was admitted to the Pennsylvania <a href="/wiki/Bar_(law)" title="Bar (law)">bar</a> in August of that year.<sup id="cite_ref-auto_14-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Early_career">Early career</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=William_Scranton&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Early career"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Wm_Scranton_Pennsylvania_87th_Cong.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/Wm_Scranton_Pennsylvania_87th_Cong.png/220px-Wm_Scranton_Pennsylvania_87th_Cong.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="249" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/Wm_Scranton_Pennsylvania_87th_Cong.png/330px-Wm_Scranton_Pennsylvania_87th_Cong.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/Wm_Scranton_Pennsylvania_87th_Cong.png/440px-Wm_Scranton_Pennsylvania_87th_Cong.png 2x" data-file-width="514" data-file-height="582" /></a><figcaption>Scranton's official congressional photo</figcaption></figure> <p>Scranton practiced law and then entered the business community after the war becoming successful in several firms in northeastern Pennsylvania. He joined the largest correspondence school in the United States, <a href="/wiki/International_Correspondence_Schools" class="mw-redirect" title="International Correspondence Schools">International Correspondence Schools</a> in 1949 as its Vice President for legal affairs. He left that post in 1954, but later served on the board of directors, as had his father. He became active in Republican Party politics in the 1950s and came to the attention of President <a href="/wiki/Dwight_D._Eisenhower" title="Dwight D. Eisenhower">Dwight Eisenhower</a>. In 1959, Eisenhower appointed Scranton as a special assistant to <a href="/wiki/United_States_Secretary_of_State" title="United States Secretary of State">U.S. Secretary of State</a> <a href="/wiki/John_Foster_Dulles" title="John Foster Dulles">John Foster Dulles</a> and later <a href="/wiki/Christian_Herter" title="Christian Herter">Christian Herter</a>. Scranton served a little over a year before resigning to run for Congress.<sup id="cite_ref-auto_14-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Scranton's name recognition and family connections helped him win a 17,000 vote victory over <a href="/wiki/Incumbent" title="Incumbent">incumbent</a> <a href="/wiki/Stanley_A._Prokop" title="Stanley A. Prokop">Stanley Prokop</a> in a largely <a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic</a> district in 1960. Scranton represented Pennsylvania's 10th Congressional District in the U.S. House of Representatives from 1961 to 1963. Though a freshman Republican, he quickly gained a reputation as an outspoken <a href="/wiki/Moderate" class="mw-redirect" title="Moderate">moderate</a> and supported much of President <a href="/wiki/John_F._Kennedy" title="John F. Kennedy">John F. Kennedy</a>'s social agenda including his legislative agenda for the <a href="/wiki/Civil_Rights_Movement" class="mw-redirect" title="Civil Rights Movement">Civil Rights Movement</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Peace_Corps" title="Peace Corps">Peace Corps</a>. The <a href="/wiki/News_media" title="News media">media</a> quickly dubbed him a "Kennedy Republican."<sup id="cite_ref-auto_14-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="1962_gubernatorial_election">1962 gubernatorial election</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=William_Scranton&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: 1962 gubernatorial election"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/1962_Pennsylvania_gubernatorial_election" title="1962 Pennsylvania gubernatorial election">1962 Pennsylvania gubernatorial election</a></div> <p>In 1962, the <a href="/wiki/Pennsylvania_Republican_Party" title="Pennsylvania Republican Party">Pennsylvania Republican Party</a>, which had lost the two previous gubernatorial elections and seen the state's <a href="/wiki/Electoral_College_(United_States)" class="mw-redirect" title="Electoral College (United States)">electoral votes</a> go to Kennedy in the <a href="/wiki/1960_United_States_presidential_election" title="1960 United States presidential election">1960 presidential election</a>, became convinced that a moderate like Scranton, would have enough bipartisan appeal to revitalize the party. He ran for governor against <a href="/wiki/Richardson_Dilworth" title="Richardson Dilworth">Richardson Dilworth</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Mayor_of_Philadelphia" title="Mayor of Philadelphia">mayor of Philadelphia</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The ticket added <a href="/wiki/Raymond_P._Shafer" title="Raymond P. Shafer">Raymond Shafer</a>, who would succeed him as governor, as his <a href="/wiki/Running_mate" title="Running mate">running mate</a>. After one of the most acrimonious campaigns in state history, Scranton and Shafer won a huge victory in the election against their opponents by nearly half a million votes, out of just over 6.6 million cast.<sup id="cite_ref-auto_14-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Governor_of_Pennsylvania">Governor of Pennsylvania</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=William_Scranton&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Governor of Pennsylvania"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Economic conditions improved for Pennsylvania residents statewide under Scranton's leadership as "unemployment went from 7.5 percent to 3.6 percent," and the "average blue-collar weekly paycheck increased nearly $23 over the four years," according to the <i>Pittsburgh Post-Gazette</i>. Restricted by state law to just one term as governor during his time in office, Scranton increased state government spending to a then-record $5.21 billion over his term, compared to $3.78 billion by his predecessor."<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He also signed into law sweeping reforms in the state's education system, which created the state community college system, the state board of education and the state Higher Education Assistance Agency, and he established a program to promote the state in national and international markets and increase the attractiveness of the state's products and services.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Chester_school_protests" title="Chester school protests">Chester school protests</a> in <a href="/wiki/Chester,_Pennsylvania" title="Chester, Pennsylvania">Chester, Pennsylvania</a>, in the spring of 1964 led by <a href="/wiki/George_Raymond" title="George Raymond">George Raymond</a> of the <a href="/wiki/NAACP" title="NAACP">National Association for the Advancement of Colored People</a> (NAACP) and <a href="/wiki/Stanley_Branche" title="Stanley Branche">Stanley Branche</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Committee_for_Freedom_Now" title="Committee for Freedom Now">Committee for Freedom Now</a> (CFFN) against the de facto segregation of public schools prompted Scranton to implement the Pennsylvania Human Relations commission. All protests were discontinued while the commission held hearings during the summer of 1964. Scranton also supported the formation of the Greater Chester Movement, an umbrella organization intended to coordinate activities of groups working toward the betterment of Chester <sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>While he was governor, the largest manhunt in the history of Pennsylvania until then took place. On May 11, 1966, <a href="/wiki/Peggy_Ann_Bradnick" class="mw-redirect" title="Peggy Ann Bradnick">Peggy Ann Bradnick</a> was kidnapped near <a href="/wiki/Shade_Gap,_Pennsylvania" title="Shade Gap, Pennsylvania">Shade Gap</a>. <a href="/wiki/Pennsylvania_State_Police" title="Pennsylvania State Police">Pennsylvania State Police</a>, <a href="/wiki/FBI" class="mw-redirect" title="FBI">FBI</a> agents, local law enforcement, and civilian volunteers scoured the mountains around <a href="/wiki/Shade_Gap" class="mw-redirect" title="Shade Gap">Shade Gap</a> and <a href="/wiki/Burnt_Cabins,_Pennsylvania" title="Burnt Cabins, Pennsylvania">Burnt Cabins</a>. On May 17, the kidnapper, William Diller Hollenbaugh, shot and killed FBI Agent Terry Ray Anderson. On May 18, Hollenbaugh shot and wounded <a href="/wiki/Cambria_County" class="mw-redirect" title="Cambria County">Cambria County</a> Deputy Sheriff Francis Sharpe. There was a shootout at Rubeck's farm in Burnt Cabins and Hollenbaugh was killed; Peggy Ann Bradnick was rescued without serious injury. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="1964_presidential_election">1964 presidential election</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=William_Scranton&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: 1964 presidential election"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/1964_Republican_Party_presidential_primaries" title="1964 Republican Party presidential primaries">1964 Republican Party presidential primaries</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Scranton_supporters_ride_a_decorated_San_Francisco_trolley_car_during_RNC_(cropped1).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Scranton_supporters_ride_a_decorated_San_Francisco_trolley_car_during_RNC_%28cropped1%29.jpg/220px-Scranton_supporters_ride_a_decorated_San_Francisco_trolley_car_during_RNC_%28cropped1%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="152" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Scranton_supporters_ride_a_decorated_San_Francisco_trolley_car_during_RNC_%28cropped1%29.jpg/330px-Scranton_supporters_ride_a_decorated_San_Francisco_trolley_car_during_RNC_%28cropped1%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Scranton_supporters_ride_a_decorated_San_Francisco_trolley_car_during_RNC_%28cropped1%29.jpg/440px-Scranton_supporters_ride_a_decorated_San_Francisco_trolley_car_during_RNC_%28cropped1%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4664" data-file-height="3217" /></a><figcaption>Scranton supporters ride a <a href="/wiki/San_Francisco" title="San Francisco">San Francisco</a> <a href="/wiki/San_Francisco_cable_car_system" title="San Francisco cable car system">cable car</a> during the <a href="/wiki/1964_Republican_National_Convention" title="1964 Republican National Convention">1964 Republican National Convention</a></figcaption></figure> <p>Although Scranton did not actively seek the 1964 Republican nomination for <a href="/wiki/President_of_the_United_States" title="President of the United States">President of the United States</a> in the beginning, a "Draft Scranton" movement quickly gathered momentum among moderate and liberal Republicans who saw him as an alternative to conservative frontrunner, Senator <a href="/wiki/Barry_Goldwater" title="Barry Goldwater">Barry Goldwater</a>, and other Republicans who feared that Goldwater's polarizing views would lead to defeat, after the campaign of Goldwater's liberal opponent, New York governor <a href="/wiki/Nelson_Rockefeller" title="Nelson Rockefeller">Nelson Rockefeller</a>, had lost steam. Early in the campaign, he announced that he would be willing to accept the nomination for Vice President. Scranton first declined to enter the race but later threw his hat into the ring on June 12, 1964. Scranton won the support of ten state delegations, but Goldwater went on to win the nomination on the first ballot.<sup id="cite_ref-auto2_20-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto2-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Republican_National_Committee" title="Republican National Committee">Republican National Committee</a> Chairman and US Representative <a href="/wiki/William_E._Miller" title="William E. Miller">William E. Miller</a> of <a href="/wiki/New_York_(state)" title="New York (state)">New York</a> was nominated for Vice President.<sup id="cite_ref-auto_14-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Later_career">Later career</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=William_Scranton&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Later career"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:William_Scranton_(1976).png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/William_Scranton_%281976%29.png/140px-William_Scranton_%281976%29.png" decoding="async" width="140" height="214" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/William_Scranton_%281976%29.png/210px-William_Scranton_%281976%29.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/7d/William_Scranton_%281976%29.png 2x" data-file-width="247" data-file-height="377" /></a><figcaption>Scranton in 1976.</figcaption></figure> <p>Under the then-existing Pennsylvania law, Scranton was limited to a single term and could not run for reelection in <a href="/wiki/1966_Pennsylvania_gubernatorial_election" title="1966 Pennsylvania gubernatorial election">1966</a>. That same year, he announced that he would never again seek elected office. After his term in office, Scranton attended the Pennsylvania Constitutional Convention of 1967-1968 and helped write a new <a href="/wiki/Pennsylvania_Constitution" title="Pennsylvania Constitution">constitution</a> for the state, which included a provision allowing future governors to seek a second term. Following the <a href="/wiki/1968_United_States_presidential_election" title="1968 United States presidential election">1968 United States presidential election</a>, President-elect <a href="/wiki/Richard_Nixon" title="Richard Nixon">Richard Nixon</a> asked Scranton to become <a href="/wiki/United_States_Secretary_of_State" title="United States Secretary of State">Secretary of State</a>, but he declined.<sup id="cite_ref-auto_14-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He did serve as a special envoy to the <a href="/wiki/Middle_East" title="Middle East">Middle East</a> but when he said the Nixon Administration should be "more evenhanded" in managing the problems of the Middle East, some in the American <a href="/wiki/Jew" class="mw-redirect" title="Jew">Jewish</a> community regarded this as <a href="/wiki/Antisemitism" title="Antisemitism">antisemitic</a> and Nixon quickly distanced himself from the former governor. In accordance with his 1966 pledge never to seek elected office, he rebuffed a draft movement encouraging him to run for the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Senate" title="United States Senate">U.S. Senate</a>. </p><p>After the <a href="/wiki/Kent_State_shootings" title="Kent State shootings">Kent State shootings</a> in 1970, Scranton was asked to chair the <a href="/wiki/President%27s_Commission_on_Campus_Unrest" title="President's Commission on Campus Unrest">President's Commission on Campus Unrest</a> to investigate this and other incidents of campus violence and <a href="/wiki/Student_Strike_of_1970" class="mw-redirect" title="Student Strike of 1970">protest</a>. The committee's conclusions came to be known as the "<a href="/wiki/Scranton_Report" class="mw-redirect" title="Scranton Report">Scranton Report</a>".<sup id="cite_ref-auto_14-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Following Nixon's resignation from the Presidency in 1974, he was appointed as a transition team member for incoming President <a href="/wiki/Gerald_Ford" title="Gerald Ford">Gerald Ford</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-auto_14-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:William_Scranton_swear-in.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/William_Scranton_swear-in.jpg/250px-William_Scranton_swear-in.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="173" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/William_Scranton_swear-in.jpg/375px-William_Scranton_swear-in.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/William_Scranton_swear-in.jpg/500px-William_Scranton_swear-in.jpg 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="415" /></a><figcaption>Scranton swearing-in as US Rep to the UN</figcaption></figure> <p>Scranton reentered the business world and served on the boards of several high-profile American corporations such as <a href="/wiki/The_Great_Atlantic_and_Pacific_Tea_Company" class="mw-redirect" title="The Great Atlantic and Pacific Tea Company">A&P</a>, <a href="/wiki/IBM" title="IBM">IBM</a>, <a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pan_American_World_Airways" class="mw-redirect" title="Pan American World Airways">Pan American Airways</a>, and the <a href="/wiki/H.J._Heinz_Company" class="mw-redirect" title="H.J. Heinz Company">H.J. Heinz Company</a> and was president of Northeastern National Bank and Trust Company. He was also associated with the <a href="/wiki/Trilateral_Commission" title="Trilateral Commission">Trilateral Commission</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Council_on_Foreign_Relations" title="Council on Foreign Relations">Council on Foreign Relations</a>, and was a trustee of Yale University, his <a href="/wiki/Alma_mater" title="Alma mater">alma mater</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-auto1_21-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto1-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Ambassador_to_the_United_Nations">Ambassador to the United Nations</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=William_Scranton&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Ambassador to the United Nations"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 1976, Scranton was chosen by President Ford to become <a href="/wiki/United_States_Ambassador_to_the_United_Nations" class="mw-redirect" title="United States Ambassador to the United Nations">United States Ambassador to the United Nations</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-auto2_20-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto2-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He was sworn-in in the Oval Office on March 15, 1976.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> His measured approach to <a href="/wiki/Diplomacy" title="Diplomacy">diplomacy</a> and genuine interest in <a href="/wiki/Human_rights" title="Human rights">human rights</a> earned him much respect in his short time in office. Some in the Republican Party pushed for Scranton to be named Ford's running mate for the 1976 presidential election, but Ford chose Senator <a href="/wiki/Robert_Dole" class="mw-redirect" title="Robert Dole">Robert Dole</a> of <a href="/wiki/Kansas" title="Kansas">Kansas</a> instead. After his term as UN Ambassador, Scranton retired to his home in <a href="/wiki/Dalton,_Pennsylvania" title="Dalton, Pennsylvania">Dalton, Pennsylvania</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-auto1_21-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto1-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Scranton's son, <a href="/wiki/William_Scranton_III" title="William Scranton III">William Scranton III</a>, served as <a href="/wiki/Lieutenant_Governor_of_Pennsylvania" title="Lieutenant Governor of Pennsylvania">Lieutenant Governor of Pennsylvania</a> under <a href="/wiki/Richard_Thornburgh" class="mw-redirect" title="Richard Thornburgh">Richard Thornburgh</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He ran unsuccessfully for governor in the 1986 election and was for a while considered a leading candidate for the Republican gubernatorial nomination in the 2006 election but ultimately dropped out of the race. </p><p>Scranton was elected to the <a href="/wiki/American_Philosophical_Society" title="American Philosophical Society">American Philosophical Society</a> in 1997.<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Death_&_Legacy"><span id="Death_.26_Legacy"></span>Death & Legacy</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=William_Scranton&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Death & Legacy"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:William_Scranton_Historical_Marker.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/William_Scranton_Historical_Marker.jpg/220px-William_Scranton_Historical_Marker.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="293" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/William_Scranton_Historical_Marker.jpg/330px-William_Scranton_Historical_Marker.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/William_Scranton_Historical_Marker.jpg/440px-William_Scranton_Historical_Marker.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2086" data-file-height="2782" /></a><figcaption>A <a href="/wiki/List_of_Pennsylvania_state_historical_markers" title="List of Pennsylvania state historical markers">Pennsylvania state historical marker</a> commemorating Scranton</figcaption></figure> <p>Nine days after his 96th birthday, Scranton died on July 28, 2013, from a <a href="/wiki/Intracerebral_hemorrhage" title="Intracerebral hemorrhage">cerebral hemorrhage</a> at a retirement community in <a href="/wiki/Montecito,_California" title="Montecito, California">Montecito, California</a>, where he lived with his wife.<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> His widow, Mary Scranton, the former First Lady of Pennsylvania, died from Alzheimer's disease on December 26, 2015, at the age of 97.<sup id="cite_ref-cvoice_27-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-cvoice-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>"Many who serve as governor today are still measured against Bill Scranton's leadership - some 50 years later," said former state Republican National Committeewoman <a href="/wiki/Elsie_Hillman" title="Elsie Hillman">Elsie Hillman</a> when she learned of Scranton's death.<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="In_popular_culture">In popular culture</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=William_Scranton&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: In popular culture"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In <a href="/wiki/Jeff_Greenfield" title="Jeff Greenfield">Jeff Greenfield</a>'s alternate history book <i>If Kennedy Lived</i>, Scranton is featured as Senator <a href="/wiki/Barry_Goldwater" title="Barry Goldwater">Barry Goldwater</a>'s running mate in the <a href="/wiki/1964_United_States_presidential_election" title="1964 United States presidential election">1964 presidential election</a>, instead of <a href="/wiki/William_E._Miller" title="William E. Miller">William E. Miller</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=William_Scranton&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Scranton_family" title="Scranton family">Scranton family</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=William_Scranton&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">McFadden, Robert D. “<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2013/07/30/us/politics/william-scranton-former-pennsylvania-governor-dies-at-96.html">William W. Scranton, 96, G.O.P. Prodigy Who Led Pennsylvania, Is Dead</a>.” New York, New York: <i>The New York Times</i>, July 29, 2013 (retrieved online, June 3, 2021).</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">“<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.phmc.state.pa.us/portal/communities/governors/1951-2015/william-scranton.html">Governor William Warren Scranton</a>” (biography), in “Governors.” Harrisburg, Pennsylvania: Pennsylvania Historical and Museum Commission, retrieved online, June 3, 2021.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Carocci, Vincent P. <i>Capitol Journey: Reflections on the Press, Politics, and the Making of Public Policy in Pennsylvania</i>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=y_WmSReClWgC&dq=%22Marion+Margery+Warren+Scranton%22&pg=PA125">Chapter 13: “William Warren Scranton II (1963–1967)</a>.” University Park, Pennsylvania: The Pennsylvania State University Press, 2005.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Baer, John. “<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.inquirer.com/philly/hp/news_update/20130730_An_elegant_man__and_politician__passes.html">An elegant man (and politician) passes: William Warren Scranton was many things rarely seen in politics today</a>.” Philadelphia, Pennsylvania: <i>The Philadelphia Inquirer</i>, July 30, 2013 (retrieved online, June 3, 2021).</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">White, Theodore H. “<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=TFQEAAAAMBAJ&dq=%22Marion+Margery+Warren+Scranton%22&pg=PA64">Squire Scranton Bides His Time</a>.” New York, New York: <i>Life</i>, February 28, 1964, pp. 63-72 (retrieved online, June 3, 2021).</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Perlstein, Rick. <i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=DG3BE0C0VkAC&dq=%22Marion+Margery+Warren+Scranton%22&pg=PA275">Before the Storm: Barry Goldwater and the Unmaking of the American Consensus</a></i>, p. 275. New York, New York: Hill and Wang, A Division of Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 2001.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">O’Malley III, Michael J. “<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://paheritage.wpengine.com/article/gentleman-pennsylvania-interview-william-w-scranton/">The Gentleman from Pennsylvania: An Interview with William W. Scranton</a>,” in <i>Pennsylvania Heritage</i>, Winter 2001. Harrisburg, Pennsylvania: Pennsylvania Historical and Museum Commission, retrieved online June 3, 2021.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://politicalgraveyard.com/families/11005.html">"The Political Graveyard: Scranton family of Scranton, Pennsylvania"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Political+Graveyard%3A+Scranton+family+of+Scranton%2C+Pennsylvania&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fpoliticalgraveyard.com%2Ffamilies%2F11005.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWilliam+Scranton" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">White, Theodore H. “Squire Scranton Bides His Time," <i>Life</i>, February 28, 1964, pp. 63-72.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">"William Walker Scranton" (obituary). Scranton, Pennsylvania: <a href="/wiki/Scranton_Republican" class="mw-redirect" title="Scranton Republican">Scranton Republican</a>, December 6, 1916.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">“Mrs. Marion Margery Scranton Dies,” <i>The Scranton Tribune</i>, June 24, 1960.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">"Fulton, Brian. "<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.newspapers.com/newspage/523471817/">Who's who of the United Nations parties at Marworth estate</a>." Scranton, Pennsylvania: <i>The Times-Tribune</i>, October 24, 2018, p. G15.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">"<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.newspapers.com/newspage/534056204/">Marworth Project</a>" (photo essay). Scranton, Pennsylvania: <i>Scrantonian Tribune</i>, October 25, 1981, p. 113.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-auto-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-auto_14-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-auto_14-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-auto_14-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-auto_14-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-auto_14-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-auto_14-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-auto_14-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-auto_14-7"><sup><i><b>h</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-auto_14-8"><sup><i><b>i</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">“Governor William Warren Scranton” (biography), in “Governors," Pennsylvania Historical and Museum Commission.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://images.library.yale.edu/madid/oneItem.aspx?id=1772773&q=&q1=&q2=&qc1=&qc2=&qf1=&qf2=&qn=5565&qo=&qm=&qs=&sid=&qx=">"Yale Library"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">14 August</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Yale+Library&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fimages.library.yale.edu%2Fmadid%2FoneItem.aspx%3Fid%3D1772773%26q%3D%26q1%3D%26q2%3D%26qc1%3D%26qc2%3D%26qf1%3D%26qf2%3D%26qn%3D5565%26qo%3D%26qm%3D%26qs%3D%26sid%3D%26qx%3D&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWilliam+Scranton" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Carocci, Vincent P. <i>Capitol Journey: Reflections on the Press, Politics, and the Making of Public Policy in Pennsylvania</i>, Chapter 13: “William Warren Scranton II (1963–1967)," The Pennsylvania State University Press, 2005.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">McNulty, Timothy. “Former Pennsylvania governor William Scranton Jr. dies," <i>Pittsburgh Post-Gazette</i>, July 30, 2013.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">White, Theodore H. “Squire Scranton Bides His Time," Life, February 28, 1964, pp. 63-72.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMele2017" class="citation book cs1">Mele, Christopher (2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=xAl3DQAAQBAJ"><i>Race and the Politics of Deception: The Making of an American City</i></a>. New York: New York University Press. pp. 96–97. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-4798-6609-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-4798-6609-0"><bdi>978-1-4798-6609-0</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">28 October</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Race+and+the+Politics+of+Deception%3A+The+Making+of+an+American+City&rft.place=New+York&rft.pages=96-97&rft.pub=New+York+University+Press&rft.date=2017&rft.isbn=978-1-4798-6609-0&rft.aulast=Mele&rft.aufirst=Christopher&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DxAl3DQAAQBAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWilliam+Scranton" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-auto2-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-auto2_20-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-auto2_20-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Carocci, Vincent P. <i>Capitol Journey: Reflections on the Press, Politics, and the Making of Public Policy in Pennsylvania</i>, Chapter 13: “William Warren Scranton II (1963–1967),” The Pennsylvania State University Press, 2005.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-auto1-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-auto1_21-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-auto1_21-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">O’Malley III, Michael J. “The Gentleman from Pennsylvania: An Interview with William W. Scranton,” in <i>Pennsylvania Heritage</i>, Winter 2001, Pennsylvania Historical and Museum Commission.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBrennan2023" class="citation journal cs1">Brennan, Sean (January 2023). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.30958%2Fajhis.9-1-2">"William Warren Scranton and the United Nations 1976-1977"</a>. <i>Athens Journal of History</i>. <b>9</b> (1). Athens Institute for Education and Research: 58–59. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.30958%2Fajhis.9-1-2">10.30958/ajhis.9-1-2</a></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Athens+Journal+of+History&rft.atitle=William+Warren+Scranton+and+the+United+Nations+1976-1977&rft.volume=9&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=58-59&rft.date=2023-01&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.30958%2Fajhis.9-1-2&rft.aulast=Brennan&rft.aufirst=Sean&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdoi.org%2F10.30958%252Fajhis.9-1-2&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWilliam+Scranton" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Carocci, Vincent P. Capitol Journey: <i>Reflections on the Press, Politics, and the Making of Public Policy in Pennsylvania</i>, Chapter 13: “William Warren Scranton II (1963–1967),” The Pennsylvania State University Press, 2005.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.amphilsoc.org/memhist/search?creator=William+Scranton&title=&subject=&subdiv=&mem=&year=&year-max=&dead=&keyword=&smode=advanced">"APS Member History"</a>. <i>search.amphilsoc.org</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2021-12-09</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=search.amphilsoc.org&rft.atitle=APS+Member+History&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fsearch.amphilsoc.org%2Fmemhist%2Fsearch%3Fcreator%3DWilliam%2BScranton%26title%3D%26subject%3D%26subdiv%3D%26mem%3D%26year%3D%26year-max%3D%26dead%3D%26keyword%3D%26smode%3Dadvanced&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWilliam+Scranton" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://webarchive.loc.gov/all/20130730090622/http://bigstory.ap.org/article/scranton%2Dgov%2Dambassador%2Dcandidate%2Ddies">"FORMER PA. GOVERNOR, PRESIDENTIAL CANDIDATE DIES"</a>. AP. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://bigstory.ap.org/article/scranton-gov-ambassador-candidate-dies">the original</a> on 30 July 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">30 July</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=FORMER+PA.+GOVERNOR%2C+PRESIDENTIAL+CANDIDATE+DIES&rft.pub=AP&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fbigstory.ap.org%2Farticle%2Fscranton-gov-ambassador-candidate-dies&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWilliam+Scranton" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Krawczeniuk, Boris. “<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.thetimes-tribune.com/news/william-warren-scranton-the-reluctant-giant/article_1e0f606f-c17d-5e57-9626-55b588348522.html">William Warren Scranton: The reluctant giant</a>.” Scranton, Pennsylvania: <i>The Times-Tribune</i>, July 29, 2013 (retrieved online, June 3, 2021; subscription required).</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-cvoice-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-cvoice_27-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFO'Connell2015" class="citation news cs1">O'Connell, Jon (2015-12-28). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://citizensvoice.com/news/former-pennsylvania-first-lady-mary-l-scranton-97-dies-1.1988193">"Former Pennsylvania first lady Mary L. Scranton, 97, dies"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Citizens%27_Voice" title="The Citizens' Voice">The Citizens' Voice</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2015-12-30</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Citizens%27+Voice&rft.atitle=Former+Pennsylvania+first+lady+Mary+L.+Scranton%2C+97%2C+dies&rft.date=2015-12-28&rft.aulast=O%27Connell&rft.aufirst=Jon&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fcitizensvoice.com%2Fnews%2Fformer-pennsylvania-first-lady-mary-l-scranton-97-dies-1.1988193&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWilliam+Scranton" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-28">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">McNulty, Timothy. “<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.post-gazette.com/news/politics-state/2013/07/29/Former-Pennsylvania-governor-William-Scranton-Jr-dies/stories/201307290203">Former Pennsylvania governor William Scranton Jr. dies</a>.” Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania: <i>Pittsburgh Post-Gazette</i>, July 30, 2013 (retrieved online, June 3, 2021).</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=William_Scranton&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160303220053/http://www.portal.state.pa.us/portal/server.pt/gateway/PTARGS_0_0_40957_0_0_43/http;/pubcontent.state.pa.us/publishedcontent/publish/cop_environment/phmc/communities/extranet/history/pahistory/people/williamwarrenscrantonucontent/governor_william_warren_scranton.html?qid=41827723&rank=1">Pennsylvania Historical and Museum Commission Biography</a></li></ul> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFUnited_States_CongressS000193" class="citation web cs1">United States Congress. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://bioguide.congress.gov/scripts/biodisplay.pl?index=S000193">"William Scranton (id: S000193)"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Biographical_Directory_of_the_United_States_Congress" title="Biographical Directory of the United States Congress">Biographical Directory of the United States Congress</a></i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Biographical+Directory+of+the+United+States+Congress&rft.atitle=William+Scranton+%28id%3A+S000193%29&rft.au=United+States+Congress&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fbioguide.congress.gov%2Fscripts%2Fbiodisplay.pl%3Findex%3DS000193&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWilliam+Scranton" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.c-span.org/person/?1020159">Appearances</a> on <a href="/wiki/C-SPAN" title="C-SPAN">C-SPAN</a></li></ul> <table class="wikitable succession-box noprint" style="margin:0.5em auto; font-size:small;clear:both;"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="3" style="border-top: 5px solid #cccccc"><a href="/wiki/United_States_House_of_Representatives" title="United States House of Representatives">U.S. House of Representatives</a> </th></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Stanley_A._Prokop" title="Stanley A. Prokop">Stanley Prokop</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> Member of the <a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_Representatives_from_Pennsylvania" class="mw-redirect" title="List of United States Representatives from Pennsylvania">U.S. House of Representatives</a><br />from <a href="/wiki/Pennsylvania%27s_10th_congressional_district" title="Pennsylvania's 10th congressional district">Pennsylvania's 10th congressional district</a> </b><br />1961–1963 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Joseph_M._McDade" title="Joseph M. McDade">Joe McDade</a></div> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="3" style="border-top: 5px solid #FFBF00;">Party political offices </th></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Arthur_T._McGonigle" title="Arthur T. McGonigle">Art McGonigle</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Republican Party (United States)">Republican</a> nominee for <a href="/wiki/List_of_governors_of_Pennsylvania" title="List of governors of Pennsylvania">Governor of Pennsylvania</a></span> </b><br /><a href="/wiki/1962_Pennsylvania_gubernatorial_election" title="1962 Pennsylvania gubernatorial election">1962</a> </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Raymond_P._Shafer" title="Raymond P. Shafer">Raymond Shafer</a></div> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="3" style="border-top: 5px solid #ccccff;">Political offices </th></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/David_L._Lawrence" title="David L. Lawrence">David Lawrence</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> <a href="/wiki/List_of_governors_of_Pennsylvania" title="List of governors of Pennsylvania">Governor of Pennsylvania</a> </b><br />1963–1967 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Raymond_P._Shafer" title="Raymond P. Shafer">Ray Shafer</a></div> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="3" style="border-top: 5px solid lightgreen">Non-profit organization positions </th></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Alfred_E._Driscoll" title="Alfred E. Driscoll">Alfred Driscoll</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> President of the <a href="/wiki/National_Civic_League" title="National Civic League">National Civic League</a> </b><br />1970–1972 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Wilson_W._Wyatt" title="Wilson W. Wyatt">Wilson Wyatt</a></div> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="3" style="border-top: 5px solid #FACEFF;">Diplomatic posts </th></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Daniel_Patrick_Moynihan" title="Daniel Patrick Moynihan">Daniel Patrick Moynihan</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> <a href="/wiki/United_States_Ambassador_to_the_United_Nations" class="mw-redirect" title="United States Ambassador to the United Nations">United States Ambassador to the United Nations</a> </b><br />1976–1977 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Andrew_Young" title="Andrew Young">Andrew Young</a></div> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist 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style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/List_of_governors_of_Pennsylvania" title="List of governors of Pennsylvania">Governors</a> and <a href="/wiki/Supreme_Executive_Council_of_the_Commonwealth_of_Pennsylvania" title="Supreme Executive Council of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania">presidents</a> of <a href="/wiki/Pennsylvania" title="Pennsylvania">Pennsylvania</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Presidents<br /><span class="nobold">(1777–1790)</span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Wharton_Jr." title="Thomas Wharton Jr.">Wharton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Bryan" title="George Bryan">Bryan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Reed_(politician)" title="Joseph Reed (politician)">Reed</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Moore_(Pennsylvania_politician,_died_1793)" title="William Moore (Pennsylvania politician, died 1793)">Moore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Dickinson" title="John Dickinson">Dickinson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Benjamin_Franklin" title="Benjamin Franklin">Franklin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Mifflin" title="Thomas Mifflin">Mifflin</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="2" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/Flag_of_the_Governor_of_Pennsylvania.svg/120px-Flag_of_the_Governor_of_Pennsylvania.svg.png" decoding="async" width="120" height="80" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/Flag_of_the_Governor_of_Pennsylvania.svg/180px-Flag_of_the_Governor_of_Pennsylvania.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/Flag_of_the_Governor_of_Pennsylvania.svg/240px-Flag_of_the_Governor_of_Pennsylvania.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="675" data-file-height="450" /></span></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Governors<br /><span class="nobold">(since 1790)</span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Mifflin" title="Thomas Mifflin">Mifflin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_McKean" title="Thomas McKean">McKean</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Simon_Snyder" title="Simon Snyder">Snyder</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Findlay_(governor)" title="William Findlay (governor)">Findlay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Hiester" title="Joseph Hiester">Hiester</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Andrew_Shulze" title="John Andrew Shulze">Shulze</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Wolf" title="George Wolf">G. Wolf</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Ritner" title="Joseph Ritner">Ritner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_R._Porter" title="David R. Porter">Porter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Francis_R._Shunk" title="Francis R. Shunk">Shunk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_F._Johnston" title="William F. Johnston">Johnston</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Bigler" title="William Bigler">Bigler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Pollock_(American_politician)" title="James Pollock (American politician)">Pollock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_F._Packer" title="William F. Packer">Packer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andrew_Gregg_Curtin" title="Andrew Gregg Curtin">Curtin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_W._Geary" title="John W. Geary">Geary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_F._Hartranft" title="John F. Hartranft">Hartranft</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_M._Hoyt" title="Henry M. Hoyt">Hoyt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_E._Pattison" title="Robert E. Pattison">Pattison</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_A._Beaver" title="James A. Beaver">Beaver</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_E._Pattison" title="Robert E. Pattison">Pattison</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daniel_H._Hastings" title="Daniel H. Hastings">Hastings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_A._Stone" title="William A. Stone">Stone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samuel_W._Pennypacker" title="Samuel W. Pennypacker">Pennypacker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edwin_Sydney_Stuart" title="Edwin Sydney Stuart">Stuart</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_K._Tener" title="John K. Tener">Tener</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martin_Grove_Brumbaugh" title="Martin Grove Brumbaugh">Brumbaugh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Cameron_Sproul" title="William Cameron Sproul">Sproul</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gifford_Pinchot" title="Gifford Pinchot">Pinchot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Stuchell_Fisher" title="John Stuchell Fisher">Fisher</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gifford_Pinchot" title="Gifford Pinchot">Pinchot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Howard_Earle_III" title="George Howard Earle III">Earle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arthur_James_(politician)" title="Arthur James (politician)">James</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edward_Martin_(Pennsylvania_politician)" title="Edward Martin (Pennsylvania politician)">Martin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_C._Bell_Jr." title="John C. Bell Jr.">Bell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_H._Duff" title="James H. Duff">Duff</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_S._Fine" title="John S. Fine">Fine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_M._Leader" title="George M. Leader">Leader</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_L._Lawrence" title="David L. Lawrence">Lawrence</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Scranton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raymond_P._Shafer" title="Raymond P. Shafer">Shafer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Milton_Shapp" title="Milton Shapp">Shapp</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dick_Thornburgh" title="Dick Thornburgh">Thornburgh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bob_Casey_Sr." title="Bob Casey Sr.">Casey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tom_Ridge" title="Tom Ridge">Ridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mark_Schweiker" title="Mark Schweiker">Schweiker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ed_Rendell" title="Ed Rendell">Rendell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tom_Corbett" title="Tom Corbett">Corbett</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tom_Wolf" title="Tom Wolf">T. Wolf</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Josh_Shapiro" title="Josh Shapiro">Shapiro</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="United_States_ambassadors_to_the_United_Nations" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="4"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:USUNambassadors" title="Template:USUNambassadors"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:USUNambassadors" title="Template talk:USUNambassadors"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:USUNambassadors" title="Special:EditPage/Template:USUNambassadors"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="United_States_ambassadors_to_the_United_Nations" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/List_of_ambassadors_of_the_United_States_to_the_United_Nations" title="List of ambassadors of the United States to the United Nations">United States ambassadors to the United Nations</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="1" style="width:1px;padding:0 2px 0 0"><div><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Emblem_of_the_United_Nations.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/Emblem_of_the_United_Nations.svg/94px-Emblem_of_the_United_Nations.svg.png" decoding="async" width="94" height="80" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/Emblem_of_the_United_Nations.svg/141px-Emblem_of_the_United_Nations.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/Emblem_of_the_United_Nations.svg/188px-Emblem_of_the_United_Nations.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="436" /></a></span></div></td><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Edward_Stettinius_Jr." title="Edward Stettinius Jr.">Stettinius</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Herschel_Johnson" title="Herschel Johnson">Johnson</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Warren_Austin" title="Warren Austin">Austin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Cabot_Lodge_Jr." title="Henry Cabot Lodge Jr.">Lodge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Jeremiah_Wadsworth" title="James Jeremiah Wadsworth">Wadsworth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adlai_Stevenson_II" title="Adlai Stevenson II">Stevenson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arthur_Goldberg" title="Arthur Goldberg">Goldberg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Ball_(diplomat)" title="George Ball (diplomat)">Ball</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Russell_Wiggins" title="James Russell Wiggins">Wiggins</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Yost" title="Charles Yost">Yost</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_H._W._Bush" title="George H. W. Bush">Bush</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_A._Scali" title="John A. Scali">Scali</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daniel_Patrick_Moynihan" title="Daniel Patrick Moynihan">Moynihan</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Scranton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andrew_Young" title="Andrew Young">Young</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Donald_McHenry" title="Donald McHenry">McHenry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jeane_Kirkpatrick" title="Jeane Kirkpatrick">Kirkpatrick</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vernon_A._Walters" title="Vernon A. Walters">Walters</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_R._Pickering" title="Thomas R. Pickering">Pickering</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edward_J._Perkins" title="Edward J. Perkins">Perkins</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Madeleine_Albright" title="Madeleine Albright">Albright</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bill_Richardson" title="Bill Richardson">Richardson</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Peter_Burleigh" title="Peter Burleigh">Burleigh</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Holbrooke" title="Richard Holbrooke">Holbrooke</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/James_B._Cunningham" title="James B. Cunningham">Cunningham</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Negroponte" title="John Negroponte">Negroponte</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Danforth" title="John Danforth">Danforth</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Anne_W._Patterson" title="Anne W. Patterson">Patterson</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Bolton" title="John Bolton">Bolton</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Alejandro_Daniel_Wolff" title="Alejandro Daniel Wolff">Wolff</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zalmay_Khalilzad" title="Zalmay Khalilzad">Khalilzad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Susan_Rice" title="Susan Rice">Rice</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Rosemary_DiCarlo" title="Rosemary DiCarlo">DiCarlo</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samantha_Power" title="Samantha Power">Power</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Michele_J._Sison" title="Michele J. Sison">Sison</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nikki_Haley" title="Nikki Haley">Haley</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Jonathan_R._Cohen" title="Jonathan R. Cohen">Cohen</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kelly_Craft" title="Kelly Craft">Craft</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Richard_M._Mills_Jr." title="Richard M. Mills Jr.">Mills</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Linda_Thomas-Greenfield" title="Linda Thomas-Greenfield">Thomas-Greenfield</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="1" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:U.S._Department_of_State_official_seal.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/U.S._Department_of_State_official_seal.svg/80px-U.S._Department_of_State_official_seal.svg.png" decoding="async" width="80" height="80" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/U.S._Department_of_State_official_seal.svg/120px-U.S._Department_of_State_official_seal.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/U.S._Department_of_State_official_seal.svg/160px-U.S._Department_of_State_official_seal.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="4"><div><i>Italics</i> indicates acting</div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="(←_1960)_1964_United_States_presidential_election_(→_1968)" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:1964_United_States_presidential_election" title="Template:1964 United States presidential election"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:1964_United_States_presidential_election" title="Template talk:1964 United States presidential election"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:1964_United_States_presidential_election" title="Special:EditPage/Template:1964 United States presidential election"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="(←_1960)_1964_United_States_presidential_election_(→_1968)" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">(<a href="/wiki/1960_United_States_presidential_election" title="1960 United States presidential election">← 1960</a>) <a href="/wiki/1964_United_States_presidential_election" title="1964 United States presidential election">1964 United States presidential election</a> (<a href="/wiki/1968_United_States_presidential_election" title="1968 United States presidential election">→ 1968</a>)</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:right;;box-shadow: inset -5px 0 0 0 #3333FF;"><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic Party</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1964_Democratic_National_Convention" title="1964 Democratic National Convention">Convention</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1964_Democratic_Party_presidential_primaries" title="1964 Democratic Party presidential primaries">Primaries</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Candidates</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b>Incumbent nominee: <a href="/wiki/Lyndon_B._Johnson" title="Lyndon B. Johnson">Lyndon B. Johnson</a></b> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lyndon_B._Johnson_1964_presidential_campaign" title="Lyndon B. Johnson 1964 presidential campaign">campaign</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daisy_(advertisement)" title="Daisy (advertisement)">Daisy</a></li></ul></li> <li><b>Incumbent VP nominee: <a href="/wiki/Hubert_Humphrey" title="Hubert Humphrey">Hubert Humphrey</a></b></li></ul> <ul><li><b>Other candidates:</b> <a href="/wiki/Daniel_Brewster" title="Daniel Brewster">Daniel Brewster</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pat_Brown" title="Pat Brown">Pat Brown</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_F._Kennedy" title="Robert F. Kennedy">Robert F. Kennedy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albert_S._Porter" title="Albert S. Porter">Albert S. Porter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jennings_Randolph" title="Jennings Randolph">Jennings Randolph</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_W._Reynolds_Jr." title="John W. Reynolds Jr.">John W. Reynolds Jr.</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Wallace" title="George Wallace">George Wallace</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Matthew_E._Welsh" title="Matthew E. Welsh">Matthew E. Welsh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sam_Yorty" title="Sam Yorty">Sam Yorty</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:right;;box-shadow: inset -5px 0 0 0 #E81B23;"><a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Republican Party (United States)">Republican Party</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1964_Republican_National_Convention" title="1964 Republican National Convention">Convention</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1964_Republican_Party_presidential_primaries" title="1964 Republican Party presidential primaries">Primaries</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Candidates</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b>Nominee: <a href="/wiki/Barry_Goldwater" title="Barry Goldwater">Barry Goldwater</a></b> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Barry_Goldwater_1964_presidential_campaign" title="Barry Goldwater 1964 presidential campaign">campaign</a></li></ul></li> <li><b>VP nominee: <a href="/wiki/William_E._Miller" title="William E. Miller">William E. Miller</a></b></li></ul> <ul><li><b>Other candidates:</b> <a href="/wiki/Hiram_Fong" title="Hiram Fong">Hiram Fong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Walter_Judd_(politician)" title="Walter Judd (politician)">Walter Judd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Cabot_Lodge_Jr." title="Henry Cabot Lodge Jr.">Henry Cabot Lodge Jr.</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jim_Rhodes" title="Jim Rhodes">Jim Rhodes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nelson_Rockefeller" title="Nelson Rockefeller">Nelson Rockefeller</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">William Scranton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Margaret_Chase_Smith" title="Margaret Chase Smith">Margaret Chase Smith</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harold_Stassen" title="Harold Stassen">Harold Stassen</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Third-party_and_independent_candidates" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Third_party_(U.S._politics)" title="Third party (U.S. politics)">Third-party</a> and <a href="/wiki/Independent_politician" title="Independent politician">independent</a> candidates</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;box-shadow: inset -5px 0 0 0 #F8F9FA;">American Vegetarian Party</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b>Nominee: <a href="/wiki/Symon_Gould" title="Symon Gould">Symon Gould</a></b></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;box-shadow: inset -5px 0 0 0 #F5BCA9;"><a href="/wiki/National_States%27_Rights_Party" title="National States' Rights Party">National States' Rights Party</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b>Nominee: <a href="/wiki/John_Kasper" title="John Kasper">John Kasper</a></b></li> <li><b>VP nominee: <a href="/wiki/J._B._Stoner" title="J. B. Stoner">J. B. Stoner</a></b></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;box-shadow: inset -5px 0 0 0 #FF00FF;"><a href="/wiki/Prohibition_Party" title="Prohibition Party">Prohibition Party</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b>Nominee: <a href="/wiki/E._Harold_Munn" title="E. Harold Munn">E. Harold Munn</a></b></li> <li><b>VP nominee: <a href="/wiki/Mark_R._Shaw" class="mw-redirect" title="Mark R. Shaw">Mark R. Shaw </a></b></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;box-shadow: inset -5px 0 0 0 #DD051D;"><a href="/wiki/Socialist_Labor_Party_of_America" title="Socialist Labor Party of America">Socialist Labor Party</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b>Nominee: <a href="/wiki/Eric_Hass" title="Eric Hass">Eric Hass </a></b></li> <li><b>VP nominee: <a href="/wiki/Henning_A._Blomen" title="Henning A. Blomen">Henning A. Blomen</a></b></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;box-shadow: inset -5px 0 0 0 #AA0000;"><a href="/wiki/Socialist_Workers_Party_(United_States)" title="Socialist Workers Party (United States)">Socialist Workers Party</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b>Nominee: <a href="/wiki/Clifton_DeBerry" title="Clifton DeBerry">Clifton DeBerry</a></b></li> <li><b>VP nominee: <a href="/wiki/Ed_Shaw_(activist)" title="Ed Shaw (activist)">Ed Shaw</a></b></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;box-shadow: inset -5px 0 0 0 #DDDDBB;"><a href="/wiki/Independent_politician" title="Independent politician">Independents</a> and other candidates</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/George_Lincoln_Rockwell" title="George Lincoln Rockwell">George Lincoln Rockwell</a></b></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><b>Other 1964 elections</b>: <a href="/wiki/1964_United_States_House_of_Representatives_elections" title="1964 United States House of Representatives elections">House</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1964_United_States_Senate_elections" title="1964 United States Senate elections">Senate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1964_United_States_gubernatorial_elections" title="1964 United States gubernatorial elections">Gubernatorial</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Cabinet_of_President_Gerald_Ford_(1974–1977)" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Ford_cabinet" title="Template:Ford cabinet"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Ford_cabinet" title="Template talk:Ford cabinet"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Ford_cabinet" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Ford cabinet"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Cabinet_of_President_Gerald_Ford_(1974–1977)" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Cabinet_of_the_United_States" title="Cabinet of the United States">Cabinet</a> of <a href="/wiki/President_of_the_United_States" title="President of the United States">President</a> <a href="/wiki/Gerald_Ford" title="Gerald Ford">Gerald Ford</a> (1974–1977)</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible expanded navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><div id="Cabinet" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Cabinet</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Vice_President_of_the_United_States" title="Vice President of the United States">Vice President</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i>None</i> (1974)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nelson_Rockefeller" title="Nelson Rockefeller">Nelson Rockefeller</a> (1974–1977)</li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="12" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Gerald_Ford_presidential_portrait_%28cropped%29.jpg/85px-Gerald_Ford_presidential_portrait_%28cropped%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="85" height="106" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Gerald_Ford_presidential_portrait_%28cropped%29.jpg/128px-Gerald_Ford_presidential_portrait_%28cropped%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Gerald_Ford_presidential_portrait_%28cropped%29.jpg/170px-Gerald_Ford_presidential_portrait_%28cropped%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2200" data-file-height="2741" /></span></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Secretary_of_State" title="United States Secretary of State">Secretary of State</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Kissinger" title="Henry Kissinger">Henry Kissinger</a> (1974–1977)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Secretary_of_the_Treasury" title="United States Secretary of the Treasury">Secretary of the Treasury</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/William_E._Simon" title="William E. Simon">William E. Simon</a> (1974–1977)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Secretary_of_Defense" title="United States Secretary of Defense">Secretary of Defense</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/James_R._Schlesinger" title="James R. Schlesinger">James R. Schlesinger</a> (1974–1975)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Donald_Rumsfeld" title="Donald Rumsfeld">Donald Rumsfeld</a> (1975–1977)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Attorney_General" title="United States Attorney General">Attorney General</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/William_B._Saxbe" title="William B. Saxbe">William B. Saxbe</a> (1974–1975)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edward_H._Levi" title="Edward H. Levi">Edward H. Levi</a> (1975–1977)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Secretary_of_the_Interior" title="United States Secretary of the Interior">Secretary of the Interior</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Rogers_Morton" title="Rogers Morton">Rogers Morton</a> (1974–1975)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stanley_K._Hathaway" title="Stanley K. Hathaway">Stanley K. Hathaway</a> (1975)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_S._Kleppe" title="Thomas S. Kleppe">Thomas S. Kleppe</a> (1975–1977)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Secretary_of_Agriculture" title="United States Secretary of Agriculture">Secretary of Agriculture</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Earl_Butz" title="Earl Butz">Earl Butz</a> (1974–1976)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_A._Knebel" title="John A. Knebel">John A. Knebel</a> (1976–1977)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Secretary_of_Commerce" title="United States Secretary of Commerce">Secretary of Commerce</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Frederick_B._Dent" title="Frederick B. Dent">Frederick B. Dent</a> (1974–1975)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rogers_Morton" title="Rogers Morton">Rogers Morton</a> (1975–1976)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elliot_Richardson" title="Elliot Richardson">Elliot Richardson</a> (1976–1977)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Secretary_of_Labor" title="United States Secretary of Labor">Secretary of Labor</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Peter_J._Brennan" title="Peter J. Brennan">Peter J. Brennan</a> (1974–1975)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Thomas_Dunlop" title="John Thomas Dunlop">John Thomas Dunlop</a> (1975–1976)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Usery_Jr." title="William Usery Jr.">William Usery Jr.</a> (1976–1977)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Secretary_of_Health_and_Human_Services" title="United States Secretary of Health and Human Services">Secretary of Health, Education, and Welfare</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Caspar_Weinberger" title="Caspar Weinberger">Caspar Weinberger</a> (1974–1975)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/F._David_Mathews" title="F. David Mathews">F. David Mathews</a> (1975–1977)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Secretary_of_Housing_and_Urban_Development" title="United States Secretary of Housing and Urban Development">Secretary of Housing and Urban Development</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/James_Thomas_Lynn" title="James Thomas Lynn">James Thomas Lynn</a> (1974–1975)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carla_Anderson_Hills" title="Carla Anderson Hills">Carla Anderson Hills</a> (1975–1977)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Secretary_of_Transportation" title="United States Secretary of Transportation">Secretary of Transportation</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Claude_Brinegar" title="Claude Brinegar">Claude Brinegar</a> (1974–1975)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Thaddeus_Coleman_Jr." title="William Thaddeus Coleman Jr.">William Thaddeus Coleman Jr.</a> (1975–1977)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible expanded navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Cabinet-level" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Cabinet-level</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Office_of_Management_and_Budget" title="Office of Management and Budget">Director of the Office of Management and Budget</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Roy_Ash" title="Roy Ash">Roy Ash</a> (1974–1975)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Thomas_Lynn" title="James Thomas Lynn">James Thomas Lynn</a> (1975–1977)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Office_of_the_United_States_Trade_Representative" title="Office of the United States Trade Representative">Trade Representative</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Frederick_B._Dent" title="Frederick B. Dent">Frederick B. Dent</a> (1975–1977)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_ambassadors_of_the_United_States_to_the_United_Nations" title="List of ambassadors of the United States to the United Nations">Ambassador to the United Nations</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/John_A._Scali" title="John A. Scali">John A. Scali</a> (1974–1975)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daniel_Patrick_Moynihan" title="Daniel Patrick Moynihan">Daniel Patrick Moynihan</a> (1975–1976)</li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">William Scranton</a> (1976–1977)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/White_House_Chief_of_Staff" title="White House Chief of Staff">White House Chief of Staff</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Donald_Rumsfeld" title="Donald Rumsfeld">Donald Rumsfeld</a> (1974–1975)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dick_Cheney" title="Dick Cheney">Dick Cheney</a> (1975–1977)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Counselor_to_the_President" title="Counselor to the President">Counselor to the President</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anne_L._Armstrong" title="Anne L. Armstrong">Anne L. Armstrong</a> (1974)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dean_Burch" title="Dean Burch">Dean Burch</a> (1974)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kenneth_Rush" title="Kenneth Rush">Kenneth Rush</a> (1974)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_T._Hartmann" title="Robert T. Hartmann">Robert T. Hartmann</a> (1974–1977)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Otho_Marsh_Jr." class="mw-redirect" title="John Otho Marsh Jr.">John Otho Marsh Jr.</a> (1974–1977)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rogers_Morton" title="Rogers Morton">Rogers Morton</a> (1976)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/White_House_Counsel" title="White House Counsel">White House Counsel</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Philip_W._Buchen" title="Philip W. Buchen">Philip W. Buchen</a> (1974–1977)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Pennsylvania&#039;s_delegation(s)_to_the_87th_United_States_Congresses_(ordered_by_seniority)" style="display:table;;padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:USCongRep-start" title="Template:USCongRep-start"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:USCongRep-start" title="Template talk:USCongRep-start"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:USCongRep-start" title="Special:EditPage/Template:USCongRep-start"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Pennsylvania&#039;s_delegation(s)_to_the_87th_United_States_Congresses_(ordered_by_seniority)" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/United_States_congressional_delegations_from_Pennsylvania" title="United States congressional delegations from Pennsylvania">Pennsylvania</a>'s delegation(s) to the 87th <a href="/wiki/United_States_Congress" title="United States Congress">United States Congresses</a> <span class="nowrap">(ordered by seniority)</span></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0;border-width:0;"><div style="padding:0"> <table style="width:100%"> <tbody><tr style="vertical-align:top; text-align:left"> <td style="text-align:right"><b><a href="/wiki/87th_United_States_Congress" title="87th United States Congress">87th</a></b> </td> <td style="padding-left:4px; white-space:nowrap"><div style="text-indent: -1.6em; margin-left: 1.6em;"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Pennsylvania" title="List of United States senators from Pennsylvania">Senate</a>:</b> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><div class="hlist inline"> <ul><li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Joseph_S._Clark_Jr." title="Joseph S. Clark Jr.">J. Clark</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Hugh_Scott" title="Hugh Scott">H. Scott</a> (R)</li></ul> </div></div> </td> <td style="padding-left:4px" class="nowraplinks"><div style="text-indent: -1.6em; margin-left: 1.6em;"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_representatives_from_Pennsylvania" title="List of United States representatives from Pennsylvania">House</a>:</b> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><div class="hlist inline"> <ul><li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Francis_E._Walter" title="Francis E. Walter">F. Walter</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Ivor_D._Fenton" title="Ivor D. Fenton">I. Fenton</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/James_E._Van_Zandt" title="James E. Van Zandt">J. Van Zandt</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Leon_H._Gavin" title="Leon H. Gavin">L. Gavin</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Robert_J._Corbett" title="Robert J. Corbett">B. Corbett</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/James_G._Fulton" title="James G. Fulton">J. Fulton</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Thomas_E._Morgan" title="Thomas E. Morgan">T. Morgan</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Paul_B._Dague" title="Paul B. Dague">P. Dague</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Carroll_D._Kearns" title="Carroll D. Kearns">C. Kearns</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/William_A._Barrett" title="William A. Barrett">W. Barrett</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/William_J._Green_Jr." title="William J. Green Jr.">W. Green</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/George_M._Rhodes" title="George M. Rhodes">G. Rhodes</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/John_P._Saylor" title="John P. Saylor">J. Saylor</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Daniel_Flood" title="Daniel Flood">D. Flood</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/John_C._Kunkel" title="John C. Kunkel">J. Kunkel</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Walter_M._Mumma" title="Walter M. Mumma">W. Mumma</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/James_A._Byrne" title="James A. Byrne">J. Byrne</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Elmer_J._Holland" title="Elmer J. Holland">E. Holland</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Frank_M._Clark" title="Frank M. Clark">F. Clark</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Kathryn_E._Granahan" title="Kathryn E. Granahan">K. Granahan</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Willard_S._Curtin" title="Willard S. Curtin">W. Curtin</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/John_Herman_Dent" title="John Herman Dent">J. Dent</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Robert_N._C._Nix_Sr." title="Robert N. C. Nix Sr.">R. Nix Sr.</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/William_H._Milliken_Jr." title="William H. Milliken Jr.">W. Milliken</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/William_S._Moorhead" title="William S. Moorhead">W. Moorhead</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Herman_Toll" title="Herman Toll">H. Toll</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Herman_T._Schneebeli" title="Herman T. Schneebeli">H. Schneebeli</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/J._Irving_Whalley" title="J. Irving Whalley">J. I. Whalley</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/George_Atlee_Goodling" class="mw-redirect" title="George Atlee Goodling">G. Goodling</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Richard_Schweiker" title="Richard Schweiker">R. Schweiker</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a class="mw-selflink selflink">W. Scranton</a> (R)</li></ul> </div></div> </td></tr></tbody></table> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q880776#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q880776#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q880776#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, 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