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id="toc-Topography-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-River_systems" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#River_systems"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.4 River systems </div> </a> <ul id="toc-River_systems-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-History" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#History"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3 History </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-History-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle History subsection </button> <ul id="toc-History-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Early_history" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Early_history"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.1 Early history </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Early_history-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-British_and_Dutch_control" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#British_and_Dutch_control"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.2 British and Dutch control </div> </a> <ul id="toc-British_and_Dutch_control-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-World_War_II" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#World_War_II"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.3 World War II </div> </a> <ul id="toc-World_War_II-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Recent_history" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Recent_history"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.4 Recent history </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Recent_history-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Demographics" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Demographics"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4 Demographics </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Demographics-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Demographics subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Demographics-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Territories_by_population,_size_and_timezone" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Territories_by_population,_size_and_timezone"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.1 Territories by population, size and timezone </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Territories_by_population,_size_and_timezone-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-20_largest_cities_and_towns_in_Borneo_by_population" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#20_largest_cities_and_towns_in_Borneo_by_population"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.2 20 largest cities and towns in Borneo by population </div> </a> <ul id="toc-20_largest_cities_and_towns_in_Borneo_by_population-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Urbanisation_by_region" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Urbanisation_by_region"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.3 Urbanisation by region </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Urbanisation_by_region-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Major_ethnicities_by_region" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Major_ethnicities_by_region"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.4 Major ethnicities by region </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Major_ethnicities_by_region-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Religion" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Religion"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.5 Religion </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Religion-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Administration" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Administration"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5 Administration </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Administration-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Economy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Economy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6 Economy </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Economy-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Economy subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Economy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-List_of_territories_by_GDP/GRP_2023" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#List_of_territories_by_GDP/GRP_2023"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6.1 List of territories by GDP/GRP 2023 </div> </a> <ul id="toc-List_of_territories_by_GDP/GRP_2023-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Human_Development_Index_by_territory" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Human_Development_Index_by_territory"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7 Human Development Index by territory </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Human_Development_Index_by_territory-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 8 See also </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 9 References </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Further_reading" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Further_reading"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 10 Further reading </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Further_reading-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 11 External links </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" > Toggle the table of contents </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading">Borneo</h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 123 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-123" aria-hidden="true" > 123 languages </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ace mw-list-item"><a href="https://ace.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kalimantan" title="Kalimantan – Acehnese" lang="ace" hreflang="ace" data-title="Kalimantan" data-language-autonym="Acèh" data-language-local-name="Acehnese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Acèh</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Borneo" title="Borneo – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Borneo" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target">Afrikaans</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-am mw-list-item"><a href="https://am.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%89%A6%E1%88%AD%E1%8A%92%E1%8B%AE" title="ቦርኒዮ – Amharic" lang="am" hreflang="am" data-title="ቦርኒዮ" data-language-autonym="አማርኛ" data-language-local-name="Amharic" class="interlanguage-link-target">አማርኛ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%86%D9%8A%D9%88" title="بورنيو – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="بورنيو" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target">العربية</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Borneo" title="Borneo – Aragonese" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Borneo" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="Aragonese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Aragonés</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Borneo" title="Borneo – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Borneo" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Asturianu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gn mw-list-item"><a href="https://gn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Voron%C3%A9o" title="Voronéo – Guarani" lang="gn" hreflang="gn" data-title="Voronéo" data-language-autonym="Avañe'ẽ" data-language-local-name="Guarani" class="interlanguage-link-target">Avañe'ẽ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kalimantan" title="Kalimantan – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Kalimantan" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target">Azərbaycanca</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ban mw-list-item"><a href="https://ban.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nusa_Kalimantan" title="Nusa Kalimantan – Balinese" lang="ban" hreflang="ban" data-title="Nusa Kalimantan" data-language-autonym="Basa Bali" data-language-local-name="Balinese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Basa Bali</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AC%E0%A7%8B%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A8%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%93" title="বোর্নিও – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="বোর্নিও" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target">বাংলা</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bjn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bjn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pulau_Kalimantan" title="Pulau Kalimantan – Banjar" lang="bjn" hreflang="bjn" data-title="Pulau Kalimantan" data-language-autonym="Banjar" data-language-local-name="Banjar" class="interlanguage-link-target">Banjar</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Borneo" title="Borneo – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Borneo" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target">閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-map-bms mw-list-item"><a href="https://map-bms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kalimantan" title="Kalimantan – Banyumasan" lang="jv-x-bms" hreflang="jv-x-bms" data-title="Kalimantan" data-language-autonym="Basa Banyumasan" data-language-local-name="Banyumasan" class="interlanguage-link-target">Basa Banyumasan</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Калимантан – Bashkir" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Калимантан" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="Bashkir" class="interlanguage-link-target">Башҡортса</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Калімантан – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Калімантан" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Беларуская</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Калімантан – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Калімантан" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target">Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bcl mw-list-item"><a href="https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Borneo" title="Borneo – Central Bikol" lang="bcl" hreflang="bcl" data-title="Borneo" data-language-autonym="Bikol Central" data-language-local-name="Central Bikol" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bikol Central</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BE" title="Борнео – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Борнео" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Български</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Borneo" title="Borneo – Bosnian" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Borneo" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bosanski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Borneo" title="Borneo – Breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Borneo" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Breton" class="interlanguage-link-target">Brezhoneg</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Borneo" title="Borneo – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Borneo" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target">Català</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Калимантан – Chuvash" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Калимантан" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="Chuvash" class="interlanguage-link-target">Чӑвашла</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Borneo" title="Borneo – Cebuano" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Borneo" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="Cebuano" class="interlanguage-link-target">Cebuano</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Borneo" title="Borneo – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Borneo" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target">Čeština</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ny mw-list-item"><a href="https://ny.wikipedia.org/wiki/Borneo" title="Borneo – Nyanja" lang="ny" hreflang="ny" data-title="Borneo" data-language-autonym="Chi-Chewa" data-language-local-name="Nyanja" class="interlanguage-link-target">Chi-Chewa</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Borneo" title="Borneo – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Borneo" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target">Cymraeg</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Borneo" title="Borneo – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Borneo" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Dansk</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Borneo" title="Borneo – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Borneo" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target">Deutsch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kalimantan" title="Kalimantan – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Kalimantan" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Eesti</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%92%CF%8C%CF%81%CE%BD%CE%B5%CE%BF" title="Βόρνεο – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Βόρνεο" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ελληνικά</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Borneo" title="Borneo – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Borneo" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Español</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Borneo" title="Borneo – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Borneo" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target">Esperanto</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Borneo" title="Borneo – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Borneo" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target">Euskara</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%86%D8%A6%D9%88" title="بورنئو – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="بورنئو" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target">فارسی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fo mw-list-item"><a href="https://fo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Borneo" title="Borneo – Faroese" lang="fo" hreflang="fo" data-title="Borneo" data-language-autonym="Føroyskt" data-language-local-name="Faroese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Føroyskt</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Born%C3%A9o" title="Bornéo – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Bornéo" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target">Français</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Borneo" title="Borneo – Western Frisian" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Borneo" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="Western Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Frysk</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boirneo" title="Boirneo – Irish" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Boirneo" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Irish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Gaeilge</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Borneo" title="Borneo – Scottish Gaelic" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="Borneo" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="Scottish Gaelic" class="interlanguage-link-target">Gàidhlig</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Borneo" title="Borneo – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Borneo" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target">Galego</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hak mw-list-item"><a href="https://hak.wikipedia.org/wiki/Borneo" title="Borneo – Hakka Chinese" lang="hak" hreflang="hak" data-title="Borneo" data-language-autonym="客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî" data-language-local-name="Hakka Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target">客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%B3%B4%EB%A5%B4%EB%84%A4%EC%98%A4%EC%84%AC" title="보르네오섬 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="보르네오섬" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target">한국어</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ha mw-list-item"><a href="https://ha.wikipedia.org/wiki/Borneo" title="Borneo – Hausa" lang="ha" hreflang="ha" data-title="Borneo" data-language-autonym="Hausa" data-language-local-name="Hausa" class="interlanguage-link-target">Hausa</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%BF%D5%A1%D5%AC%D5%AB%D5%B4%D5%A1%D5%B6%D5%BF%D5%A1%D5%B6" title="Կալիմանտան – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Կալիմանտան" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Հայերեն</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AC%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A5%8B" title="बोर्नियो – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="बोर्नियो" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target">हिन्दी</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Borneo" title="Borneo – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Borneo" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Hrvatski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Borneo" title="Borneo – Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Borneo" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ido</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ilo mw-list-item"><a href="https://ilo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Borneo" title="Borneo – Iloko" lang="ilo" hreflang="ilo" data-title="Borneo" data-language-autonym="Ilokano" data-language-local-name="Iloko" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ilokano</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kalimantan" title="Kalimantan – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Kalimantan" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bahasa Indonesia</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ie mw-list-item"><a href="https://ie.wikipedia.org/wiki/Borneo" title="Borneo – Interlingue" lang="ie" hreflang="ie" data-title="Borneo" data-language-autonym="Interlingue" data-language-local-name="Interlingue" class="interlanguage-link-target">Interlingue</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-os mw-list-item"><a href="https://os.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Калимантан – Ossetic" lang="os" hreflang="os" data-title="Калимантан" data-language-autonym="Ирон" data-language-local-name="Ossetic" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ирон</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Borne%C3%B3" title="Borneó – Icelandic" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Borneó" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Icelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target">Íslenska</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Borneo" title="Borneo – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Borneo" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Italiano</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%91%D7%95%D7%A8%D7%A0%D7%90%D7%95" title="בורנאו – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="בורנאו" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target">עברית</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kalimantan" title="Kalimantan – Javanese" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Kalimantan" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="Javanese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Jawa</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%99%E1%83%90%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98%E1%83%9B%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%A2%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%98" title="კალიმანტანი – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="კალიმანტანი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target">ქართული</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Калимантан – Kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Калимантан" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target">Қазақша</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kw mw-list-item"><a href="https://kw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Borneo" title="Borneo – Cornish" lang="kw" hreflang="kw" data-title="Borneo" data-language-autonym="Kernowek" data-language-local-name="Cornish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kernowek</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Borneo" title="Borneo – Swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Borneo" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="Swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kiswahili</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Калимантан – Kyrgyz" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Калимантан" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="Kyrgyz" class="interlanguage-link-target">Кыргызча</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mrj mw-list-item"><a href="https://mrj.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Калимантан – Western Mari" lang="mrj" hreflang="mrj" data-title="Калимантан" data-language-autonym="Кырык мары" data-language-local-name="Western Mari" class="interlanguage-link-target">Кырык мары</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Borneum" title="Borneum – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Borneum" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target">Latina</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kalimant%C4%81na" title="Kalimantāna – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Kalimantāna" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Latviešu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Borneo" title="Borneo – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Borneo" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Lietuvių</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Borneo" title="Borneo – Limburgish" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Borneo" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="Limburgish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Limburgs</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Borneo" title="Borneo – Lombard" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Borneo" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="Lombard" class="interlanguage-link-target">Lombard</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Borne%C3%B3" title="Borneó – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Borneó" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Magyar</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BE" title="Борнео – Macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Борнео" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Македонски</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/B%C3%B4rne%C3%B4" title="Bôrneô – Malagasy" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Bôrneô" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="Malagasy" class="interlanguage-link-target">Malagasy</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%AC%E0%B5%8B%E0%B5%BC%E0%B4%A3%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%AF%E0%B5%8B" title="ബോർണിയോ – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="ബോർണിയോ" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target">മലയാളം</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AC%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A5%8B" title="बोर्नियो – Marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="बोर्नियो" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="Marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target">मराठी</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%99%E1%83%90%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98%E1%83%9B%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%A2%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%98" title="კალიმანტანი – Mingrelian" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="კალიმანტანი" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="Mingrelian" class="interlanguage-link-target">მარგალური</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mzn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mzn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%86%D8%A6%D9%88" title="بورنئو – Mazanderani" lang="mzn" hreflang="mzn" data-title="بورنئو" data-language-autonym="مازِرونی" data-language-local-name="Mazanderani" class="interlanguage-link-target">مازِرونی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Borneo" title="Borneo – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Borneo" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bahasa Melayu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%98%E1%80%B1%E1%80%AC%E1%80%BA%E1%80%94%E1%80%AE%E1%80%9A%E1%80%AD%E1%80%AF%E1%80%80%E1%80%BB%E1%80%BD%E1%80%94%E1%80%BA%E1%80%B8" title="ဘော်နီယိုကျွန်း – Burmese" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="ဘော်နီယိုကျွန်း" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="Burmese" class="interlanguage-link-target">မြန်မာဘာသာ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Borneo" title="Borneo – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Borneo" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target">Nederlands</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%9C%E3%83%AB%E3%83%8D%E3%82%AA%E5%B3%B6" title="ボルネオ島 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ボルネオ島" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target">日本語</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Borneo" title="Borneo – Northern Frisian" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Borneo" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="Northern Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Nordfriisk</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Borneo" title="Borneo – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Borneo" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target">Norsk bokmål</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Borneo" title="Borneo – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Borneo" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target">Norsk nynorsk</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Born%C3%A8o" title="Bornèo – Occitan" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Bornèo" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Occitan" class="interlanguage-link-target">Occitan</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kalimantan" title="Kalimantan – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Kalimantan" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target">Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%86%DB%8C%D9%88" title="بورنیو – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="بورنیو" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target">پنجابی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-km mw-list-item"><a href="https://km.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%9E%80%E1%9F%84%E1%9F%87%E1%9E%94%E1%9E%9A%E1%9E%93%E1%9F%81%E1%9E%A2%E1%9E%BC" title="កោះបរនេអូ – Khmer" lang="km" hreflang="km" data-title="កោះបរនេអូ" data-language-autonym="ភាសាខ្មែរ" data-language-local-name="Khmer" class="interlanguage-link-target">ភាសាខ្មែរ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tpi mw-list-item"><a href="https://tpi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Borneo" title="Borneo – Tok Pisin" lang="tpi" hreflang="tpi" data-title="Borneo" data-language-autonym="Tok Pisin" data-language-local-name="Tok Pisin" class="interlanguage-link-target">Tok Pisin</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Borneo" title="Borneo – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Borneo" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Polski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Born%C3%A9u" title="Bornéu – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Bornéu" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Português</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kaa mw-list-item"><a href="https://kaa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kalimantan" title="Kalimantan – Kara-Kalpak" lang="kaa" hreflang="kaa" data-title="Kalimantan" data-language-autonym="Qaraqalpaqsha" data-language-local-name="Kara-Kalpak" class="interlanguage-link-target">Qaraqalpaqsha</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Borneo" title="Borneo – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Borneo" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Română</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Калимантан – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Калимантан" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Русский</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sat mw-list-item"><a href="https://sat.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%B1%B5%E1%B1%B3%E1%B1%A8%E1%B1%B1%E1%B1%A4%E1%B1%AD%E1%B1%B3" title="ᱵᱳᱨᱱᱤᱭᱳ – Santali" lang="sat" hreflang="sat" data-title="ᱵᱳᱨᱱᱤᱭᱳ" data-language-autonym="ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ" data-language-local-name="Santali" class="interlanguage-link-target">ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Borneo" title="Borneo – Scots" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Borneo" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="Scots" class="interlanguage-link-target">Scots</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-stq mw-list-item"><a href="https://stq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Borneo" title="Borneo – Saterland Frisian" lang="stq" hreflang="stq" data-title="Borneo" data-language-autonym="Seeltersk" data-language-local-name="Saterland Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Seeltersk</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Borneo" title="Borneo – Albanian" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Borneo" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albanian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Shqip</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Borneu" title="Borneu – Sicilian" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Borneu" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="Sicilian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Sicilianu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Borneo" title="Borneo – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Borneo" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target">Simple English</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Borneo" title="Borneo – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Borneo" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target">Slovenčina</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Borneo" title="Borneo – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Borneo" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Slovenščina</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BE" title="Борнео – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Борнео" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Српски / srpski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Borneo" title="Borneo – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Borneo" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kalimantan" title="Kalimantan – Sundanese" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="Kalimantan" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="Sundanese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Sunda</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Borneo" title="Borneo – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Borneo" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Suomi</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Borneo" title="Borneo – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Borneo" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Svenska</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Borneo" title="Borneo – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Borneo" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target">Tagalog</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%8B%E0%AE%B0%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%A9%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%AF%E0%AF%8B" title="போர்னியோ – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="போர்னியோ" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target">தமிழ்</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%AC%E0%B1%8B%E0%B0%B0%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%A8%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B1%8B" title="బోర్నియో – Telugu" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="బోర్నియో" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="Telugu" class="interlanguage-link-target">తెలుగు</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%B0%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%8C%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%A7" title="เกาะบอร์เนียว – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="เกาะบอร์เนียว" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target">ไทย</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BE" title="Борнео – Tajik" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Борнео" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="Tajik" class="interlanguage-link-target">Тоҷикӣ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Borneo" title="Borneo – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Borneo" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Türkçe</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tk mw-list-item"><a href="https://tk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kalimantan" title="Kalimantan – Turkmen" lang="tk" hreflang="tk" data-title="Kalimantan" data-language-autonym="Türkmençe" data-language-local-name="Turkmen" class="interlanguage-link-target">Türkmençe</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Калімантан – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Калімантан" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Українська</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%86%DB%8C%D9%88" title="بورنیو – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="بورنیو" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target">اردو</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Borneo" title="Borneo – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Borneo" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Tiếng Việt</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Borneo" title="Borneo – Waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Borneo" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="Waray" class="interlanguage-link-target">Winaray</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%A9%86%E7%BE%85%E6%B4%B2" title="婆羅洲 – Wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="婆羅洲" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu" class="interlanguage-link-target">吴语</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%A9%86%E7%BE%85%E6%B4%B2" title="婆羅洲 – Cantonese" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="婆羅洲" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Cantonese" class="interlanguage-link-target">粵語</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bat-smg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bat-smg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Borneo" title="Borneo – Samogitian" lang="sgs" hreflang="sgs" data-title="Borneo" data-language-autonym="Žemaitėška" data-language-local-name="Samogitian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Žemaitėška</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%A9%86%E7%BD%97%E6%B4%B2" title="婆罗洲 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="婆罗洲" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target">中文</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-btm mw-list-item"><a href="https://btm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kalimantan" title="Kalimantan – Batak Mandailing" lang="btm" hreflang="btm" data-title="Kalimantan" data-language-autonym="Batak Mandailing" data-language-local-name="Batak Mandailing" class="interlanguage-link-target">Batak Mandailing</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dtp mw-list-item"><a href="https://dtp.wikipedia.org/wiki/Borneo" title="Borneo – Central Dusun" lang="dtp" hreflang="dtp" data-title="Borneo" data-language-autonym="Kadazandusun" data-language-local-name="Central Dusun" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kadazandusun</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-iba mw-list-item"><a href="https://iba.wikipedia.org/wiki/Borneo" title="Borneo – Iban" lang="iba" hreflang="iba" data-title="Borneo" data-language-autonym="Jaku Iban" data-language-local-name="Iban" class="interlanguage-link-target">Jaku Iban</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kge mw-list-item"><a href="https://kge.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pulau_Kalimantan" title="Pulau Kalimantan – Komering" lang="kge" hreflang="kge" data-title="Pulau Kalimantan" data-language-autonym="Kumoring" data-language-local-name="Komering" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kumoring</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zgh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zgh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E2%B4%B1%E2%B5%93%E2%B5%94%E2%B5%8F%E2%B5%A2%E2%B5%93" title="ⴱⵓⵔⵏⵢⵓ – Standard Moroccan Tamazight" lang="zgh" hreflang="zgh" data-title="ⴱⵓⵔⵏⵢⵓ" 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<style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Borneo&params=0_N_114_E_region:ID_type:isle_scale:5000000">0°N 114°E / 0°N 114°E / 0; 114</a></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Island in Southeast Asia</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Not to be confused with <a href="/wiki/Brunei" title="Brunei">Brunei</a>, <a href="/wiki/Barneo" title="Barneo">Barneo</a>, or <a href="/wiki/Brno" title="Brno">Brno</a>.</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129712854">.mw-parser-output .ib-islands-title-embed{background-color:#efefef;font-weight:bold;padding:0.3em 0}.mw-parser-output .ib-islands-nick,.mw-parser-output .ib-islands-native{font-size:85%}.mw-parser-output .ib-islands-native>div{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .ib-islands .infobox-header{background-color:#efefef}.mw-parser-output .ib-islands-country{border-top:1px solid black;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .ib-islands-country2{font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .ib-islands .infobox-below{text-align:left;border-top:#aaa 1px solid}</style><table class="infobox ib-islands vcard"><caption class="infobox-title fn org">Borneo Kalimantan</caption><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><a href="/wiki/File:Borneo_Topography.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/Borneo_Topography.png/260px-Borneo_Topography.png" decoding="async" width="260" height="275" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/Borneo_Topography.png/390px-Borneo_Topography.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/Borneo_Topography.png/520px-Borneo_Topography.png 2x" data-file-width="1725" data-file-height="1824" /></a><div class="infobox-caption">Topography of Borneo</div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><a class="mw-kartographer-map notheme mw-kartographer-container center" style="width: 250px; height: 200px;" data-mw-kartographer="mapframe" data-style="osm-intl" data-width="250" data-height="200" data-zoom="7" data-overlays="["_5c64e69fb9fdbe1c7673d39c810a54289f986985"]"><img src="https://maps.wikimedia.org/img/osm-intl,7,a,a,250x200.png?lang=en&domain=en.wikipedia.org&title=Borneo&revid=1259339418&groups=_5c64e69fb9fdbe1c7673d39c810a54289f986985" width="250" height="200" decoding="async" srcset="https://maps.wikimedia.org/img/osm-intl,7,a,a,250x200@2x.png?lang=en&domain=en.wikipedia.org&title=Borneo&revid=1259339418&groups=_5c64e69fb9fdbe1c7673d39c810a54289f986985 2x" alt="Map" /></a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Geography</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Location</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Southeast_Asia" title="Southeast Asia">Southeast Asia</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Coordinates</th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Borneo&params=0_N_114_E_region:ID_type:isle_scale:5000000">0°N 114°E / 0°N 114°E / 0; 114</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Archipelago</th><td class="infobox-data note"><a href="/wiki/Indonesian_Archipelago" class="mw-redirect" title="Indonesian Archipelago">Indonesian Archipelago</a> <hr /> <a href="/wiki/Greater_Sunda_Islands" title="Greater Sunda Islands">Greater Sunda Islands</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Area</th><td class="infobox-data">748,168 km2 (288,869 sq mi)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/List_of_islands_by_area" title="List of islands by area">Area rank</a></th><td class="infobox-data">3rd</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Highest elevation</th><td class="infobox-data">13,435 ft (4095 m)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Highest point</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Mount_Kinabalu" title="Mount Kinabalu">Mount Kinabalu</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Administration</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><div><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_Brunei.svg/23px-Flag_of_Brunei.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_Brunei.svg/35px-Flag_of_Brunei.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_Brunei.svg/46px-Flag_of_Brunei.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1440" data-file-height="720" /> <a href="/wiki/Brunei" title="Brunei">Brunei</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Districts</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Belait_District" title="Belait District">Belait</a> <a href="/wiki/Brunei-Muara_District" class="mw-redirect" title="Brunei-Muara District">Brunei and Muara</a> <a href="/wiki/Temburong_District" title="Temburong District">Temburong</a> <a href="/wiki/Tutong_District" title="Tutong District">Tutong</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Largest settlement</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Bandar_Seri_Begawan" title="Bandar Seri Begawan">Bandar Seri Begawan</a> (pop. ~150,000)</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><div class="ib-islands-country"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Flag_of_Indonesia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Indonesia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Flag_of_Indonesia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Indonesia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Flag_of_Indonesia.svg/45px-Flag_of_Indonesia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Indonesia" title="Indonesia">Indonesia</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Provinces</th><td class="infobox-data"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Flag_of_West_Kalimantan.svg/22px-Flag_of_West_Kalimantan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Flag_of_West_Kalimantan.svg/33px-Flag_of_West_Kalimantan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Flag_of_West_Kalimantan.svg/43px-Flag_of_West_Kalimantan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="1050" /> <a href="/wiki/West_Kalimantan" title="West Kalimantan">West Kalimantan</a> (<a href="/wiki/Pontianak" title="Pontianak">Pontianak</a>) <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_Central_Kalimantan.svg/22px-Flag_of_Central_Kalimantan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_Central_Kalimantan.svg/33px-Flag_of_Central_Kalimantan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_Central_Kalimantan.svg/43px-Flag_of_Central_Kalimantan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="358" /> <a href="/wiki/Central_Kalimantan" title="Central Kalimantan">Central Kalimantan</a> (<a href="/wiki/Palangkaraya" class="mw-redirect" title="Palangkaraya">Palangkaraya</a>) <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/Flag_of_South_Kalimantan.svg/22px-Flag_of_South_Kalimantan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/Flag_of_South_Kalimantan.svg/33px-Flag_of_South_Kalimantan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/Flag_of_South_Kalimantan.svg/43px-Flag_of_South_Kalimantan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="358" /> <a href="/wiki/South_Kalimantan" title="South Kalimantan">South Kalimantan</a> (<a href="/wiki/Banjarbaru" title="Banjarbaru">Banjarbaru</a>) <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Flag_of_East_Kalimantan.svg/22px-Flag_of_East_Kalimantan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Flag_of_East_Kalimantan.svg/33px-Flag_of_East_Kalimantan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Flag_of_East_Kalimantan.svg/43px-Flag_of_East_Kalimantan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="1050" /> <a href="/wiki/East_Kalimantan" title="East Kalimantan">East Kalimantan</a> (<a href="/wiki/Samarinda" title="Samarinda">Samarinda</a>) <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/Flag_of_North_Kalimantan.svg/22px-Flag_of_North_Kalimantan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/Flag_of_North_Kalimantan.svg/33px-Flag_of_North_Kalimantan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/Flag_of_North_Kalimantan.svg/43px-Flag_of_North_Kalimantan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="358" /> <a href="/wiki/North_Kalimantan" title="North Kalimantan">North Kalimantan</a> (<a href="/wiki/Tanjung_Selor" title="Tanjung Selor">Tanjung Selor</a>)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Largest settlement</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Samarinda" title="Samarinda">Samarinda</a> (pop. 842,691)</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><div class="ib-islands-country"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Flag_of_Malaysia_23px.svg/23px-Flag_of_Malaysia_23px.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Flag_of_Malaysia_23px.svg/35px-Flag_of_Malaysia_23px.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Flag_of_Malaysia_23px.svg/46px-Flag_of_Malaysia_23px.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="986" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Malaysia" title="Malaysia">Malaysia</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">States and <a href="/wiki/Federal_Territories_(Malaysia)" class="mw-redirect" title="Federal Territories (Malaysia)">FT</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/Flag_of_Sabah.svg/23px-Flag_of_Sabah.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/Flag_of_Sabah.svg/35px-Flag_of_Sabah.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/Flag_of_Sabah.svg/46px-Flag_of_Sabah.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Sabah" title="Sabah">Sabah</a> <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7e/Flag_of_Sarawak.svg/23px-Flag_of_Sarawak.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7e/Flag_of_Sarawak.svg/35px-Flag_of_Sarawak.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7e/Flag_of_Sarawak.svg/46px-Flag_of_Sarawak.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Sarawak" title="Sarawak">Sarawak</a> <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/Flag_of_Labuan.svg/23px-Flag_of_Labuan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/Flag_of_Labuan.svg/35px-Flag_of_Labuan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/Flag_of_Labuan.svg/46px-Flag_of_Labuan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="450" /> <a href="/wiki/Labuan" title="Labuan">Labuan</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Largest settlement</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Kota_Kinabalu" title="Kota Kinabalu">Kota Kinabalu</a> (pop. 500,421)</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Demographics</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Population</th><td class="infobox-data">21,258,000 (2023 Censuses)<a href="#cite_note-detik20-1">[1]</a><a href="#cite_note-citypop-2">[2]</a><a href="#cite_note-auto-3">[3]</a> (2023)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Pop. density</th><td class="infobox-data">30.8/km2 (79.8/sq mi)</td></tr></tbody></table> Borneo (<a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/English" title="Help:IPA/English">/ˈbɔːrnioʊ/</a>; also known as <a href="/wiki/Kalimantan" title="Kalimantan">Kalimantan</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Indonesian_language" title="Indonesian language">Indonesian language</a>) is the <a href="/wiki/List_of_islands_by_area" title="List of islands by area">third-largest island in the world</a>, with an area of 748,168 km2 (288,869 sq mi). Situated at the geographic centre of <a href="/wiki/Maritime_Southeast_Asia" title="Maritime Southeast Asia">Maritime Southeast Asia</a>, it is one of the <a href="/wiki/Greater_Sunda_Islands" title="Greater Sunda Islands">Greater Sunda Islands</a>, located north of <a href="/wiki/Java_Island" class="mw-redirect" title="Java Island">Java</a>, west of <a href="/wiki/Sulawesi" title="Sulawesi">Sulawesi</a>, and east of <a href="/wiki/Sumatra" title="Sumatra">Sumatra</a>. The <a href="/wiki/List_of_divided_islands" title="List of divided islands">island is politically divided</a> among three countries: <a href="/wiki/Malaysia" title="Malaysia">Malaysia</a> and <a href="/wiki/Brunei" title="Brunei">Brunei</a> in the north, and <a href="/wiki/Indonesia" title="Indonesia">Indonesia</a> to the south.<a href="#cite_note-4">[4]</a> Approximately 73% of the island is Indonesian territory. In the north, the <a href="/wiki/East_Malaysia" title="East Malaysia">East Malaysian</a> states of <a href="/wiki/Sabah" title="Sabah">Sabah</a> and <a href="/wiki/Sarawak" title="Sarawak">Sarawak</a> make up about 26% of the island. The population in Borneo is 23,053,723 (2020 national censuses).<a href="#cite_note-detik20-1">[1]</a><a href="#cite_note-citypop-2">[2]</a><a href="#cite_note-auto-3">[3]</a> Additionally, the Malaysian federal territory of <a href="/wiki/Labuan" title="Labuan">Labuan</a> is situated on a small island just off the coast of Borneo. The sovereign state of <a href="/wiki/Brunei" title="Brunei">Brunei</a>, located on the north coast, comprises about 1% of Borneo's land area. A little more than half of the island is in the <a href="/wiki/Northern_Hemisphere" title="Northern Hemisphere">Northern Hemisphere</a>, including Brunei and the Malaysian portion, while the Indonesian portion spans the Northern and <a href="/wiki/Southern_Hemisphere" title="Southern Hemisphere">Southern</a> hemispheres. <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Etymology">Etymology</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Borneo&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Etymology">edit</a>]</div> The Native people of Borneo referred to their island as Pulu K'lemantang but not as an ethnic name, when the sixteenth century <a href="/wiki/Portuguese_explorer" class="mw-redirect" title="Portuguese explorer">Portuguese explorer</a> <a href="/wiki/Jorge_de_Menezes" title="Jorge de Menezes">Jorge de Menezes</a> made contact with the natives which became the name for modern-day Indonesian Borneo.<a href="#cite_note-5">[5]</a><a href="#cite_note-6">[6]</a><a href="#cite_note-7">[7]</a> The term kelamantan is used in Sarawak to refer to a group of people who consume sago in the northern part of the island.<a href="#cite_note-8">[8]</a> According to Crowfurd, the word kelamantan is the name of a type of mango (Mangifera) so the island of Borneo is called a mango island by the native. But he adds that the word is fanciful and unpopular.<a href="#cite_note-9">[9]</a> The local mango, called klemantan, is still widely found in rural areas in Ketapang and surrounding areas of West Kalimantan.<a href="#cite_note-10">[10]</a> Internationally it is known as Borneo, derived from European contact with the <a href="/wiki/Brunei_kingdom" class="mw-redirect" title="Brunei kingdom">Brunei kingdom</a> in the 16th century during the <a href="/wiki/Age_of_Exploration" class="mw-redirect" title="Age of Exploration">Age of Exploration</a>. On a map from around 1601, Brunei city is referred to as Borneo, and the whole island is also labelled Borneo.<a href="#cite_note-11">[11]</a><a href="#cite_note-12">[12]</a> The name Borneo may derive from the <a href="/wiki/Sanskrit" title="Sanskrit">Sanskrit</a> word váruṇa (वरुण), meaning either "water" or <a href="/wiki/Varuna" title="Varuna">Varuna</a>, the Hindu god of rain.<a href="#cite_note-13">[13]</a> Another source said it was from the <a href="/wiki/Sanskrit" title="Sanskrit">Sanskrit</a> word Kalamanthana, meaning "burning weather" possibly to describe its hot and humid <a href="/wiki/Tropical" class="mw-redirect" title="Tropical">tropical</a> weather.<a href="#cite_note-14">[14]</a> In Indianized Malay era the name Kalamanthana was derived from Sanskrit terms <a href="/wiki/Kala_(time)" class="mw-redirect" title="Kala (time)">kala</a> (time or season) and manthana (churning, kindling or creating fire by friction),<a href="#cite_note-15">[15]</a> which possibly describes the heat of the weather.<a href="#cite_note-16">[16]</a> In 977, <a href="/wiki/History_of_China" title="History of China">Chinese records</a> began to use the term Bo-ni to refer to Borneo. In 1225, it was also mentioned by the Chinese official <a href="/wiki/Zhao_Rugua" class="mw-redirect" title="Zhao Rugua">Chau Ju-Kua</a> (趙汝适).<a href="#cite_note-17">[17]</a> The Javanese manuscript <a href="/wiki/Nagarakretagama" title="Nagarakretagama">Nagarakretagama</a>, written by <a href="/wiki/Majapahit" title="Majapahit">Majapahit</a> court poet <a href="/wiki/Mpu_Prapanca" title="Mpu Prapanca">Mpu Prapanca</a> in 1365, mentioned the island as Nusa Tanjungnagara, which means the island of the <a href="/wiki/Tanjungpura_Kingdom" title="Tanjungpura Kingdom">Tanjungpura Kingdom</a>.<a href="#cite_note-18">[18]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Geography">Geography</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Borneo&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Geography">edit</a>]</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Geology">Geology</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Borneo&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Geology">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Geological_history_of_Borneo" title="Geological history of Borneo">Geological history of Borneo</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Regional_map_of_SE_Asia_with_Borneo_Highlighted.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Regional_map_of_SE_Asia_with_Borneo_Highlighted.svg/260px-Regional_map_of_SE_Asia_with_Borneo_Highlighted.svg.png" decoding="async" width="260" height="149" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Regional_map_of_SE_Asia_with_Borneo_Highlighted.svg/390px-Regional_map_of_SE_Asia_with_Borneo_Highlighted.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Regional_map_of_SE_Asia_with_Borneo_Highlighted.svg/520px-Regional_map_of_SE_Asia_with_Borneo_Highlighted.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="2864" data-file-height="1644" /></a><figcaption>Location of Borneo in <a href="/wiki/Maritime_Southeast_Asia" title="Maritime Southeast Asia">Maritime Southeast Asia</a>.</figcaption></figure> Borneo was formed through <a href="/wiki/Mesozoic" title="Mesozoic">Mesozoic</a> accretion of microcontinental fragments, <a href="/wiki/Ophiolite" title="Ophiolite">ophiolite</a> terranes and <a href="/wiki/Island_arc" title="Island arc">island arc</a> crust onto a <a href="/wiki/Paleozoic" title="Paleozoic">Paleozoic</a> continental core. At the beginning of the <a href="/wiki/Cenozoic" title="Cenozoic">Cenozoic</a> Borneo formed a <a href="/wiki/Promontory" title="Promontory">promontory</a> of <a href="/wiki/Sundaland" title="Sundaland">Sundaland</a> which partly separated from Asian mainland by the <a href="/wiki/Tectonics_of_the_South_China_Sea" title="Tectonics of the South China Sea">proto-South China Sea</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Geology_of_Borneo-19">[19]</a> The oceanic part of the proto-South China Sea was <a href="/wiki/Subduction" title="Subduction">subducted</a> during the <a href="/wiki/Paleogene" title="Paleogene">Paleogene</a> period and a large <a href="/wiki/Accretionary_complex" class="mw-redirect" title="Accretionary complex">accretionary complex</a> formed along the northwestern of the island of Borneo. In the <a href="/wiki/Early_Miocene" title="Early Miocene">early Miocene</a> uplift of the accretionary complex occurred as a result of underthrusting of thinned continental crust in northwest.<a href="#cite_note-Geology_of_Borneo-19">[19]</a> The uplift may have also resulted from shortening due to the counter-clockwise rotation of Borneo between 20 and 10 <a href="/wiki/Mega-annum" class="mw-redirect" title="Mega-annum">mega-annum</a> (Ma) as a consequence of <a href="/wiki/Australia_(continent)" title="Australia (continent)">Australia</a>-Southeast Asia collision.<a href="#cite_note-Geology_of_Borneo-19">[19]</a> Large volumes of <a href="/wiki/Sediment" title="Sediment">sediment</a> were shed into basins, which scattered offshore to the west, north and east of Borneo as well into a <a href="/wiki/Neogene" title="Neogene">Neogene</a> basin which is currently exposed in large areas of eastern and southern <a href="/wiki/Sabah" title="Sabah">Sabah</a>. In southeast Sabah, the <a href="/wiki/Miocene" title="Miocene">Miocene</a> to recent island arc terranes of the <a href="/wiki/Sulu_Archipelago" title="Sulu Archipelago">Sulu Archipelago</a> extend onshore into Borneo with the older <a href="/wiki/Volcanic_arc" title="Volcanic arc">volcanic arc</a> was the result of southeast dipping subduction while the younger volcanics are likely resulted from northwest dipping subduction the <a href="/wiki/Celebes_Sea" title="Celebes Sea">Celebes Sea</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Geology_of_Borneo-19">[19]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Jack_fish_and_reef_sharks.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/Jack_fish_and_reef_sharks.jpg/220px-Jack_fish_and_reef_sharks.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="133" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/Jack_fish_and_reef_sharks.jpg/330px-Jack_fish_and_reef_sharks.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/Jack_fish_and_reef_sharks.jpg/440px-Jack_fish_and_reef_sharks.jpg 2x" data-file-width="7359" data-file-height="4433" /></a><figcaption>Rich marine life off the coast of Borneo, in the Sulu Sea</figcaption></figure> Before sea levels rose at the end of the <a href="/wiki/Last_Glacial_Period" title="Last Glacial Period">last ice age</a>, Borneo was part of the mainland of Asia, forming, with <a href="/wiki/Java" title="Java">Java</a> and <a href="/wiki/Sumatra" title="Sumatra">Sumatra</a>, the upland regions of a peninsula that extended east from present day <a href="/wiki/Indochina" class="mw-redirect" title="Indochina">Indochina</a>. The <a href="/wiki/South_China_Sea" title="South China Sea">South China Sea</a> and <a href="/wiki/Gulf_of_Thailand" title="Gulf of Thailand">Gulf of Thailand</a> now submerge the former low-lying areas of the peninsula. Deeper waters separating Borneo from neighbouring <a href="/wiki/Sulawesi" title="Sulawesi">Sulawesi</a> prevented a land connection to that island, creating the divide known as <a href="/wiki/Wallace%27s_Line" class="mw-redirect" title="Wallace's Line">Wallace's Line</a> between Asian and Australia-<a href="/wiki/New_Guinea" title="New Guinea">New Guinea</a> biological regions.<a href="#cite_note-20">[20]</a><a href="#cite_note-21">[21]</a> The island today is surrounded by the <a href="/wiki/South_China_Sea" title="South China Sea">South China Sea</a> to the north and northwest, the <a href="/wiki/Sulu_Sea" title="Sulu Sea">Sulu Sea</a> to the northeast, the Celebes Sea and the <a href="/wiki/Makassar_Strait" title="Makassar Strait">Makassar Strait</a> to the east, and the <a href="/wiki/Java_Sea" title="Java Sea">Java Sea</a> and <a href="/wiki/Karimata_Strait" title="Karimata Strait">Karimata Strait</a> to the south. To the west of Borneo are the <a href="/wiki/Malay_Peninsula" title="Malay Peninsula">Malay Peninsula</a> and <a href="/wiki/Sumatra" title="Sumatra">Sumatra</a>. To the south and east are islands of Indonesia: <a href="/wiki/Java_(island)" class="mw-redirect" title="Java (island)">Java</a> and <a href="/wiki/Sulawesi" title="Sulawesi">Sulawesi</a>, respectively. To the northeast are the <a href="/wiki/Philippines" title="Philippines">Philippine Islands</a>. With an area of 743,330 square kilometres (287,000 sq mi), it is the third-largest island in the world, and is the largest island of <a href="/wiki/Asia" title="Asia">Asia</a> (the largest continent). Its highest point is <a href="/wiki/Mount_Kinabalu" title="Mount Kinabalu">Mount Kinabalu</a> in Sabah, Malaysia, with an elevation of 4,095 m (13,435 ft).<a href="#cite_note-highest_summit-22">[22]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Lahan_basah_Taman_Nasional_Danau_Sentarum,_Kalimantan_Barat.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/Lahan_basah_Taman_Nasional_Danau_Sentarum%2C_Kalimantan_Barat.jpg/220px-Lahan_basah_Taman_Nasional_Danau_Sentarum%2C_Kalimantan_Barat.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="138" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/Lahan_basah_Taman_Nasional_Danau_Sentarum%2C_Kalimantan_Barat.jpg/330px-Lahan_basah_Taman_Nasional_Danau_Sentarum%2C_Kalimantan_Barat.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/Lahan_basah_Taman_Nasional_Danau_Sentarum%2C_Kalimantan_Barat.jpg/440px-Lahan_basah_Taman_Nasional_Danau_Sentarum%2C_Kalimantan_Barat.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3000" data-file-height="1885" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Lake_Sentarum_National_Park" title="Lake Sentarum National Park">Lake Sentarum</a>, Kapuas Hulu Regency, West Kalimantan</figcaption></figure> The largest river system is the <a href="/wiki/Kapuas_River" title="Kapuas River">Kapuas</a> in <a href="/wiki/West_Kalimantan" title="West Kalimantan">West Kalimantan</a>, with a length of 1,143 km (710 mi).<a href="#cite_note-TanMerdikawati2015-23">[23]</a> Other major rivers include the <a href="/wiki/Mahakam_River" title="Mahakam River">Mahakam</a> in <a href="/wiki/East_Kalimantan" title="East Kalimantan">East Kalimantan</a> (980 km (610 mi) long),<a href="#cite_note-24">[24]</a> the <a href="/wiki/Barito_River" title="Barito River">Barito</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kahayan_River" title="Kahayan River">Kahayan</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Mendawai_River" title="Mendawai River">Mendawai</a> in <a href="/wiki/South_Kalimantan" title="South Kalimantan">South Kalimantan</a> (1,090 km (680 mi), 658 km (409 mi), and 616 km (383 mi) long respectively),<a href="#cite_note-25">[25]</a> <a href="/wiki/Rajang_River" title="Rajang River">Rajang</a> in Sarawak (565 km (351 mi) long)<a href="#cite_note-26">[26]</a> and <a href="/wiki/Kinabatangan_River" title="Kinabatangan River">Kinabatangan</a> in Sabah (560 km (350 mi) long).<a href="#cite_note-27">[27]</a> Borneo has significant cave systems. In Sarawak, the Clearwater Cave has one of the world's longest underground rivers while <a href="/wiki/Deer_Cave" title="Deer Cave">Deer Cave</a> is home to over three million <a href="/wiki/Bat" title="Bat">bats</a>, with <a href="/wiki/Guano" title="Guano">guano</a> accumulated to over 100 metres (330 ft) deep.<a href="#cite_note-28">[28]</a> The <a href="/wiki/Gomantong_Caves" title="Gomantong Caves">Gomantong Caves</a> in Sabah has been dubbed as the "Cockroach Cave" due to the presence of millions of cockroaches inside the cave.<a href="#cite_note-29">[29]</a><a href="#cite_note-30">[30]</a> The <a href="/wiki/Gunung_Mulu_National_Park" title="Gunung Mulu National Park">Gunung Mulu National Park</a> in Sarawak and <a href="/wiki/Sangkulirang-Mangkalihat_Karst" title="Sangkulirang-Mangkalihat Karst">Sangkulirang-Mangkalihat Karst</a> in East Kalimantan which particularly a <a href="/wiki/Karst" title="Karst">karst</a> areas contains thousands of smaller caves.<a href="#cite_note-31">[31]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Ecology">Ecology</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Borneo&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Ecology">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Biodiversity_of_Borneo" title="Biodiversity of Borneo">Biodiversity of Borneo</a>, <a href="/wiki/Fauna_of_Borneo" title="Fauna of Borneo">Fauna of Borneo</a>, <a href="/wiki/Flora_of_Borneo" title="Flora of Borneo">Flora of Borneo</a>, <a href="/wiki/List_of_endemic_birds_of_Borneo" title="List of endemic birds of Borneo">List of endemic birds of Borneo</a>, and <a href="/wiki/List_of_mammals_of_Borneo" title="List of mammals of Borneo">List of mammals of Borneo</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Bornean_orangutan_(Pongo_pygmaeus),_Tanjung_Putting_National_Park_01.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/26/Bornean_orangutan_%28Pongo_pygmaeus%29%2C_Tanjung_Putting_National_Park_01.jpg/220px-Bornean_orangutan_%28Pongo_pygmaeus%29%2C_Tanjung_Putting_National_Park_01.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/26/Bornean_orangutan_%28Pongo_pygmaeus%29%2C_Tanjung_Putting_National_Park_01.jpg/330px-Bornean_orangutan_%28Pongo_pygmaeus%29%2C_Tanjung_Putting_National_Park_01.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/26/Bornean_orangutan_%28Pongo_pygmaeus%29%2C_Tanjung_Putting_National_Park_01.jpg/440px-Bornean_orangutan_%28Pongo_pygmaeus%29%2C_Tanjung_Putting_National_Park_01.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4180" data-file-height="2787" /></a><figcaption>The <a href="/wiki/Critically_endangered" class="mw-redirect" title="Critically endangered">critically endangered</a> <a href="/wiki/Bornean_orangutan" title="Bornean orangutan">Bornean orangutan</a>, a great ape <a href="/wiki/Endemic" class="mw-redirect" title="Endemic">endemic</a> to Borneo</figcaption></figure> The Borneo <a href="/wiki/Rainforest" title="Rainforest">rainforest</a> is estimated to be around 140 million years old, making it one of the oldest rainforests in the world.<a href="#cite_note-32">[32]</a> The current dominant tree group, the <a href="/wiki/Dipterocarpaceae" title="Dipterocarpaceae">dipterocarps</a>, has dominated the <a href="/wiki/Borneo_lowland_rain_forests" title="Borneo lowland rain forests">Borneo lowland rain forests</a> for millions of years.<a href="#cite_note-33">[33]</a> It is the centre of the evolution and distribution of many <a href="/wiki/Endemism" title="Endemism">endemic</a> species of plants and animals, and the rainforest is one of the few remaining <a href="/wiki/Habitat_(ecology)" class="mw-redirect" title="Habitat (ecology)">natural habitats</a> for the endangered <a href="/wiki/Bornean_orangutan" title="Bornean orangutan">Bornean orangutan</a>. It is an important refuge for many endemic forest species, including the <a href="/wiki/Borneo_elephant" title="Borneo elephant">Borneo elephant</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Eastern_Sumatran_rhinoceros" class="mw-redirect" title="Eastern Sumatran rhinoceros">eastern Sumatran rhinoceros</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Bornean_clouded_leopard" title="Bornean clouded leopard">Bornean clouded leopard</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Staurois_tuberilinguis" title="Staurois tuberilinguis">Bornean rock frog</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Hose%27s_palm_civet" title="Hose's palm civet">hose's palm civet</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Dayak_fruit_bat" title="Dayak fruit bat">dayak fruit bat</a>.<a href="#cite_note-34">[34]</a><a href="#cite_note-35">[35]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Borneo_19_May_2002.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Borneo_19_May_2002.jpg/220px-Borneo_19_May_2002.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="290" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Borneo_19_May_2002.jpg/330px-Borneo_19_May_2002.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Borneo_19_May_2002.jpg/440px-Borneo_19_May_2002.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4400" data-file-height="5800" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/NASA" title="NASA">NASA</a> satellite image of Borneo on 19 May 2002</figcaption></figure> <a href="/wiki/Borneo_peat_swamp_forests" title="Borneo peat swamp forests">Peat swamp forests</a> occupy the entire coastline of Borneo.<a href="#cite_note-36">[36]</a> The soil of the peat swamp is comparatively infertile, while it is known to be the home of various bird species such as the <a href="/wiki/Hook-billed_bulbul" title="Hook-billed bulbul">hook-billed bulbul</a>, <a href="/wiki/Helmeted_hornbill" title="Helmeted hornbill">helmeted hornbill</a> and <a href="/wiki/Rhinoceros_hornbill" title="Rhinoceros hornbill">rhinoceros hornbill</a>.<a href="#cite_note-birds-37">[37]</a> There are about 15,000 species of <a href="/wiki/Flowering_plant" title="Flowering plant">flowering plants</a> with 3,000 species of trees (267 species are <a href="/wiki/Dipterocarp" class="mw-redirect" title="Dipterocarp">dipterocarps</a>), 221 species of terrestrial mammals and 420 species of resident birds in Borneo.<a href="#cite_note-38">[38]</a> There are about 440 freshwater fish species in Borneo (about the same as Sumatra and Java combined).<a href="#cite_note-39">[39]</a> The <a href="/wiki/Glyphis_fowlerae" class="mw-redirect" title="Glyphis fowlerae">Borneo river shark</a> is known only from the <a href="/wiki/Kinabatangan_River" title="Kinabatangan River">Kinabatangan River</a>.<a href="#cite_note-40">[40]</a> In 2010, the <a href="/wiki/World_Wide_Fund_for_Nature" title="World Wide Fund for Nature">World Wide Fund for Nature</a> (WWF) stated that 123 species have been discovered in Borneo since the "<a href="/wiki/Heart_of_Borneo" title="Heart of Borneo">Heart of Borneo</a>" agreement was signed in 2007.<a href="#cite_note-41">[41]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Logging_road_East_Kalimantan_2005.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/Logging_road_East_Kalimantan_2005.jpg/220px-Logging_road_East_Kalimantan_2005.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/Logging_road_East_Kalimantan_2005.jpg/330px-Logging_road_East_Kalimantan_2005.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/Logging_road_East_Kalimantan_2005.jpg/440px-Logging_road_East_Kalimantan_2005.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2272" data-file-height="1704" /></a><figcaption>Logging road in <a href="/wiki/East_Kalimantan" title="East Kalimantan">East Kalimantan</a>, Indonesia</figcaption></figure> The WWF has classified the island into seven distinct <a href="/wiki/Ecoregion" title="Ecoregion">ecoregions</a>. Most are lowland regions:<a href="#cite_note-Borneo_forests-42">[42]</a><a href="#cite_note-43">[43]</a><a href="#cite_note-44">[44]</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Borneo_lowland_rain_forests" title="Borneo lowland rain forests">Borneo lowland rain forests</a> cover most of the island, with an area of 427,500 square kilometres (165,100 sq mi).</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Borneo_peat_swamp_forests" title="Borneo peat swamp forests">Borneo peat swamp forests</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kerangas" class="mw-redirect" title="Kerangas">Kerangas</a> or Sundaland heath forests</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Southwest_Borneo_freshwater_swamp_forests" title="Southwest Borneo freshwater swamp forests">Southwest Borneo freshwater swamp forests</a> are found in the island's western and southern lowlands</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sunda_Shelf_mangroves" title="Sunda Shelf mangroves">Sunda Shelf mangroves</a></li> <li>The <a href="/wiki/Borneo_montane_rain_forests" title="Borneo montane rain forests">Borneo montane rain forests</a> lie in the central highlands of the island, above the 1,000 metres (3,300 ft) elevation.</li> <li>The highest elevations of <a href="/wiki/Mount_Kinabalu" title="Mount Kinabalu">Mount Kinabalu</a> are home to the <a href="/wiki/Kinabalu_montane_alpine_meadows" class="mw-redirect" title="Kinabalu montane alpine meadows">Kinabalu montane alpine meadows</a>, a subalpine and alpine shrubland notable for its numerous endemic species, including many orchids.</li></ul> According to analysis of data from <a href="/wiki/Global_Forest_Watch" title="Global Forest Watch">Global Forest Watch</a>,<a href="#cite_note-45">[45]</a> the Indonesian portion of Borneo lost 10.7 million hectares (26 million acres) of tree cover between 2002 and 2019, of which 4 million hectares (9.9 million acres) was <a href="/wiki/Primary_forest" class="mw-redirect" title="Primary forest">primary forest</a>, compared with Malaysian Borneo's 4.4 million hectares (11 million acres) of tree cover loss and 1.9 million hectares (4.7 million acres) of primary forest cover loss. As of 2020, Indonesian Borneo accounts for 72% of the island's tree cover, Malaysian Borneo 27%, and Brunei 1%. Primary forest in Indonesia accounts for 44% of Borneo's overall tree cover.<a href="#cite_note-46">[46]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Conservation_issues">Conservation issues</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Borneo&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Conservation issues">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Deforestation_in_Borneo" title="Deforestation in Borneo">Deforestation in Borneo</a>, <a href="/wiki/1997_Indonesian_forest_fires" title="1997 Indonesian forest fires">1997 Indonesian forest fires</a>, <a href="/wiki/1997_Southeast_Asian_haze" title="1997 Southeast Asian haze">1997 Southeast Asian haze</a>, <a href="/wiki/2006_Southeast_Asian_haze" title="2006 Southeast Asian haze">2006 Southeast Asian haze</a>, <a href="/wiki/2013_Southeast_Asian_haze" title="2013 Southeast Asian haze">2013 Southeast Asian haze</a>, <a href="/wiki/2015_Southeast_Asian_haze" title="2015 Southeast Asian haze">2015 Southeast Asian haze</a>, <a href="/wiki/2016_Southeast_Asian_haze" title="2016 Southeast Asian haze">2016 Southeast Asian haze</a>, and <a href="/wiki/2019_Southeast_Asian_haze" title="2019 Southeast Asian haze">2019 Southeast Asian haze</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Logging_in_Borneo_(3540116932).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Logging_in_Borneo_%283540116932%29.jpg/220px-Logging_in_Borneo_%283540116932%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Logging_in_Borneo_%283540116932%29.jpg/330px-Logging_in_Borneo_%283540116932%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Logging_in_Borneo_%283540116932%29.jpg/440px-Logging_in_Borneo_%283540116932%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1498" data-file-height="1000" /></a><figcaption>Logging near <a href="/wiki/Crocker_Range_National_Park" title="Crocker Range National Park">Crocker Range National Park</a>. Borneo has lost more than half of its rainforests in the past half century.<a href="#cite_note-47">[47]</a></figcaption></figure> The island historically had extensive rainforest cover, but the area was reduced due to heavy <a href="/wiki/Logging" title="Logging">logging</a> by the Indonesian and Malaysian wood industry, especially with the large demands of raw materials from <a href="/wiki/Developed_country" title="Developed country">industrial countries</a> along with the conversion of forest lands for large-scale agricultural purposes.<a href="#cite_note-Borneo_forests-42">[42]</a> Half of the annual global <a href="/wiki/Tropical_timber" title="Tropical timber">tropical timber</a> acquisition comes from Borneo. <a href="/wiki/Palm_oil" title="Palm oil">Palm oil</a> plantations have been widely developed and are rapidly encroaching on the last remnants of primary rainforest.<a href="#cite_note-48">[48]</a> <a href="/wiki/Wildfire" title="Wildfire">Forest fires</a> since 1997, started by the locals to clear the forests for plantations were exacerbated by an exceptionally dry <a href="/wiki/El_Ni%C3%B1o" class="mw-redirect" title="El Niño">El Niño</a> season, worsening the annual shrinkage of the rainforest.<a href="#cite_note-49">[49]</a> During these fires, hotspots were visible on <a href="/wiki/Satellite_imagery" title="Satellite imagery">satellite images</a> and the resulting <a href="/wiki/Haze" title="Haze">haze</a> frequently affected Brunei, Indonesia and Malaysia. The haze could also reach southern <a href="/wiki/Thailand" title="Thailand">Thailand</a>, <a href="/wiki/Cambodia" title="Cambodia">Cambodia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Vietnam" title="Vietnam">Vietnam</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Philippines" title="Philippines">Philippines</a> as evidenced on the <a href="/wiki/2015_Southeast_Asian_haze" title="2015 Southeast Asian haze">2015 Southeast Asian haze</a>.<a href="#cite_note-50">[50]</a> A 2018 study found that <a href="/wiki/Bornean_orangutan" title="Bornean orangutan">Bornean orangutans</a> declined by 148,500 individuals from 1999 to 2015.<a href="#cite_note-51">[51]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Topography">Topography</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Borneo&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Topography">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:MountKinabalu_from_CheSuiKhorPagodaKK-01.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/MountKinabalu_from_CheSuiKhorPagodaKK-01.jpg/220px-MountKinabalu_from_CheSuiKhorPagodaKK-01.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/MountKinabalu_from_CheSuiKhorPagodaKK-01.jpg/330px-MountKinabalu_from_CheSuiKhorPagodaKK-01.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/MountKinabalu_from_CheSuiKhorPagodaKK-01.jpg/440px-MountKinabalu_from_CheSuiKhorPagodaKK-01.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2000" data-file-height="1333" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Mount_Kinabalu" title="Mount Kinabalu">Mount Kinabalu</a> in Malaysia, the highest summit of the island<a href="#cite_note-highest_summit-22">[22]</a></figcaption></figure> List of highest peaks in Borneo by elevation. <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mount_Kinabalu" title="Mount Kinabalu">Mount Kinabalu</a> 13,435 ft (4,095 m)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mount_Trusmadi" title="Mount Trusmadi">Mount Trusmadi</a> 8,668 ft (2,642 m)</li> <li><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bukit_Raya" class="extiw" title="id:Bukit Raya">Raya Hill</a> 7,474 ft (2,278 m)</li> <li>Muruk Miau 6,837 ft (2,084 m)</li> <li>Mount Wakid 6,778 ft (2,066 m)</li> <li>Monkobo Hill 5,866 ft (1,788 m)</li> <li>Mount Lotung 5,843 ft (1,781 m)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mount_Magdalena" title="Mount Magdalena">Mount Magdalena</a> 4,288 ft (1,307 m)</li> <li>Talibu Hill 4,144 ft (1,263 m)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="River_systems">River systems</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Borneo&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: River systems">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Scenery_around_Kapuas_River.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/68/Scenery_around_Kapuas_River.jpg/220px-Scenery_around_Kapuas_River.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/68/Scenery_around_Kapuas_River.jpg/330px-Scenery_around_Kapuas_River.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/68/Scenery_around_Kapuas_River.jpg/440px-Scenery_around_Kapuas_River.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="768" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Kapuas_River" title="Kapuas River">Kapuas River</a> in Indonesia; at 1,000 km (620 mi) in length, it is the longest river in Borneo.<a href="#cite_note-TanMerdikawati2015-23">[23]</a></figcaption></figure> List of longest river in Borneo by length. <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kapuas_River" title="Kapuas River">Kapuas River</a> 1,143 km (710 mi)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barito_River" title="Barito River">Barito River</a> 1,090 km (680 mi)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mahakam_River" title="Mahakam River">Mahakam River</a> 980 km (610 mi)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kahayan_River" title="Kahayan River">Kahayan River</a> 658 km (409 mi)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mendawai_River" title="Mendawai River">Mendawai River</a> 616 km (383 mi)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kayan_River" title="Kayan River">Kayan River</a> 576 km (358 mi)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rajang_River" title="Rajang River">Rajang River</a> 565 km (351 mi)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kinabatangan_River" title="Kinabatangan River">Kinabatangan River</a> 560 km (350 mi)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baram_River" title="Baram River">Baram River</a> 400 km (250 mi)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sembakung_River" title="Sembakung River">Sembakung River</a> 352 km (219 mi)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sesayap_River" title="Sesayap River">Sesayap River</a> 279 km (173 mi)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pawan_River" title="Pawan River">Pawan River</a> 197 km (122 mi)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Borneo&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: History">edit</a>]</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Early_history">Early history</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Borneo&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Early history">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Dayaks_in_their_war_dress.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/60/Dayaks_in_their_war_dress.jpg/220px-Dayaks_in_their_war_dress.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="142" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/60/Dayaks_in_their_war_dress.jpg/330px-Dayaks_in_their_war_dress.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/60/Dayaks_in_their_war_dress.jpg/440px-Dayaks_in_their_war_dress.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3930" data-file-height="2544" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Dayak_people" title="Dayak people">Dayak</a>, the main <a href="/wiki/Indigenous_people" class="mw-redirect" title="Indigenous people">indigenous people</a> of the island, were feared for their <a href="/wiki/Headhunting" title="Headhunting">headhunting</a> practices.</figcaption></figure> In November 2018, scientists reported the discovery of the oldest known <a href="/wiki/Figurative_art" title="Figurative art">figurative art painting</a>, over 40,000 (perhaps as old as 52,000) years old, of an unknown animal, in the cave of <a href="/wiki/Lubang_Jeriji_Sal%C3%A9h" title="Lubang Jeriji Saléh">Lubang Jeriji Saléh</a> on the island of Borneo.<a href="#cite_note-NYT-20181107-cz-52">[52]</a><a href="#cite_note-NAT-20181107-53">[53]</a> It has been proposed, based on house construction styles, linguistic and genetic evidence, that Madagascar may have been first populated from southern Borneo.[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a>] According to ancient Chinese (977),<a href="#cite_note-54">[54]</a>: 129  Indian and Japanese manuscripts, western coastal cities of Borneo had become trading ports by the first millennium AD.<a href="#cite_note-55">[55]</a> In Chinese manuscripts, gold, <a href="/wiki/Camphor" title="Camphor">camphor</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tortoise" title="Tortoise">tortoise</a> shells, <a href="/wiki/Hornbill_ivory" title="Hornbill ivory">hornbill ivory</a>, <a href="/wiki/Rhinoceros" title="Rhinoceros">rhinoceros</a> horn, <a href="/wiki/Crane_(bird)" title="Crane (bird)">crane crest</a>, <a href="/wiki/Beeswax" title="Beeswax">beeswax</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lakawood" title="Lakawood">lakawood</a> (a scented heartwood and root wood of a thick <a href="/wiki/Liana" title="Liana">liana</a>, Dalbergia parviflora), <a href="/wiki/Dragon%27s_blood" title="Dragon's blood">dragon's blood</a>, <a href="/wiki/Rattan" title="Rattan">rattan</a>, edible <a href="/wiki/Bird%27s_nest_soup" class="mw-redirect" title="Bird's nest soup">bird's nests</a> and various spices were described as among the most valuable items from Borneo.<a href="#cite_note-Broek1962-56">[56]</a> The <a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_India" title="Demographics of India">Indians</a> named Borneo Suvarnabhumi (the land of gold) and also Karpuradvipa (Camphor Island). The <a href="/wiki/Javanese_people" title="Javanese people">Javanese</a> named Borneo Puradvipa, or Diamond Island. <a href="/wiki/Archaeological" class="mw-redirect" title="Archaeological">Archaeological</a> findings in the Sarawak river delta reveal that the area was a thriving centre of trade between India and China from the 6th century until about 1300.<a href="#cite_note-Broek1962-56">[56]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Brunei_territorial_lose_(1400%E2%80%931890).gif" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/Brunei_territorial_lose_%281400%E2%80%931890%29.gif/220px-Brunei_territorial_lose_%281400%E2%80%931890%29.gif" decoding="async" width="220" height="110" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/Brunei_territorial_lose_%281400%E2%80%931890%29.gif/330px-Brunei_territorial_lose_%281400%E2%80%931890%29.gif 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/Brunei_territorial_lose_%281400%E2%80%931890%29.gif/440px-Brunei_territorial_lose_%281400%E2%80%931890%29.gif 2x" data-file-width="450" data-file-height="225" /></a><figcaption>Territorial loss of the <a href="/wiki/Thalassocracy" title="Thalassocracy">thalassocracy</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Bruneian_Empire" class="mw-redirect" title="Bruneian Empire">Sultanate of Brunei</a> from 1400 to 1890 due to the beginning of <a href="/wiki/Western_imperialism" class="mw-redirect" title="Western imperialism">Western imperialism</a></figcaption></figure> Stone pillars bearing inscriptions in the <a href="/wiki/Pallava_script" title="Pallava script">Pallava script</a>, found in <a href="/wiki/Kutai" title="Kutai">Kutai</a> along the <a href="/wiki/Mahakam_River" title="Mahakam River">Mahakam River</a> in <a href="/wiki/East_Kalimantan" title="East Kalimantan">East Kalimantan</a> and dating to around the second half of the 4th century, constitute some of the oldest evidence of <a href="/wiki/Hindu" class="mw-redirect" title="Hindu">Hindu</a> influence in Southeast Asia.<a href="#cite_note-57">[57]</a> By the 14th century, Borneo became a <a href="/wiki/Vassal_state" title="Vassal state">vassal state</a> of <a href="/wiki/Majapahit" title="Majapahit">Majapahit</a> (in present-day Indonesia),<a href="#cite_note-58">[58]</a><a href="#cite_note-59">[59]</a> later changing its allegiance to the <a href="/wiki/Ming_dynasty" title="Ming dynasty">Ming dynasty</a> of China.<a href="#cite_note-60">[60]</a> Pre-Islamic Sulu, then known locally as <a href="/wiki/Lupah_Sug" title="Lupah Sug">Lupah Sug</a>, stretched from Palawan and the Sulu archipelago at the Philippines; to <a href="/wiki/Sabah" title="Sabah">Sabah</a>, <a href="/wiki/East_Kalimantan" title="East Kalimantan">Eastern</a>, and <a href="/wiki/North_Kalimantan" title="North Kalimantan">Northern Kalimantan</a> in Borneo.<a href="#cite_note-61">[61]</a> The Sulu empire rose as a rebellion and reaction against former Majapahit Imperialism against Sulu which Majapahit briefly occupied. The religion of <a href="/wiki/Islam" title="Islam">Islam</a> entered the island in the 10th century,<a href="#cite_note-62">[62]</a> following the arrival of Muslim traders who later converted many indigenous peoples in the coastal areas.<a href="#cite_note-63">[63]</a> The Sultanate of Brunei declared independence from Majapahit following the death of the Majapahit emperor in the mid-14th century. During its golden age under <a href="/wiki/Bolkiah" title="Bolkiah">Bolkiah</a> from the 15th to the 17th century, the Bruneian sultanate ruled almost the entire coastal area of Borneo (lending its name to the island due to its influence in the region) and several islands in the Philippines.<a href="#cite_note-history-64">[64]</a> During the 1450s, <a href="/wiki/Sharif_ul-H%C4%81shim_of_Sulu" title="Sharif ul-Hāshim of Sulu">Shari'ful Hashem Syed Abu Bakr</a>, an Arab born in <a href="/wiki/Johor" title="Johor">Johor</a>,<a href="#cite_note-65">[65]</a> arrived in Sulu from Malacca. In 1457, he founded the <a href="/wiki/Sultanate_of_Sulu" title="Sultanate of Sulu">Sultanate of Sulu</a>; he titled himself as "Paduka Maulana Mahasari Sharif Sultan Hashem Abu Bakr".<a href="#cite_note-66">[66]</a> Following its independence in 1578 from Brunei's influence,<a href="#cite_note-67">[67]</a> Sulu began to expand its <a href="/wiki/Thalassocracy" title="Thalassocracy">thalassocracy</a> to parts of the northern Borneo.<a href="#cite_note-thalassocracy-68">[68]</a><a href="#cite_note-Hussainmiya2006-69">[69]</a> Both the sultanates who ruled northern Borneo had traditionally engaged in trade with China by means of the frequently-arriving Chinese <a href="/wiki/Junk_(ship)" title="Junk (ship)">junks</a>.<a href="#cite_note-70">[70]</a><a href="#cite_note-71">[71]</a> Despite the thalassocracy of the sultanates, Borneo's interior region remained free from the rule of any kingdoms.<a href="#cite_note-72">[72]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="British_and_Dutch_control">British and Dutch control</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Borneo&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: British and Dutch control">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main articles: <a href="/wiki/British_Borneo" title="British Borneo">British Borneo</a> and <a href="/wiki/Dutch_East_Indies" title="Dutch East Indies">Dutch East Indies</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Ceremony_of_Hoisting_the_British_Flag_on_the_island_of_Labuan,_N._W._Coast_of_Borneo.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/06/Ceremony_of_Hoisting_the_British_Flag_on_the_island_of_Labuan%2C_N._W._Coast_of_Borneo.jpg/220px-Ceremony_of_Hoisting_the_British_Flag_on_the_island_of_Labuan%2C_N._W._Coast_of_Borneo.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="180" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/06/Ceremony_of_Hoisting_the_British_Flag_on_the_island_of_Labuan%2C_N._W._Coast_of_Borneo.jpg/330px-Ceremony_of_Hoisting_the_British_Flag_on_the_island_of_Labuan%2C_N._W._Coast_of_Borneo.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/06/Ceremony_of_Hoisting_the_British_Flag_on_the_island_of_Labuan%2C_N._W._Coast_of_Borneo.jpg/440px-Ceremony_of_Hoisting_the_British_Flag_on_the_island_of_Labuan%2C_N._W._Coast_of_Borneo.jpg 2x" data-file-width="960" data-file-height="784" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Union_Jack" title="Union Jack">British flag</a> hoisted for the first time on the island of <a href="/wiki/Labuan" title="Labuan">Labuan</a> on 24 December 1846</figcaption></figure> After the <a href="/wiki/Capture_of_Malacca_(1511)" title="Capture of Malacca (1511)">fall of Malacca</a> in 1511, Portuguese merchants traded regularly with Borneo, and especially with Brunei from 1530.<a href="#cite_note-Lach1994-73">[73]</a> Having visited Brunei's capital, the Portuguese described the place as surrounded by a <a href="/wiki/Stone_wall" title="Stone wall">stone wall</a>.<a href="#cite_note-74">[74]</a> While Borneo was seen as rich, the Portuguese did not make any attempts to conquer it.<a href="#cite_note-Lach1994-73">[73]</a> The Spanish had sailed from Latin America and conquered the Brunei's provinces in the Philippines and incorporated it into the Mexico-Centered <a href="/wiki/Viceroyalty_of_New_Spain" class="mw-redirect" title="Viceroyalty of New Spain">Viceroyalty of New Spain</a>. The Spanish visit to Brunei led to the <a href="/wiki/Castilian_War" title="Castilian War">Castilian War</a> in 1578. The British began to trade with <a href="/wiki/Sultanate_of_Sambas" title="Sultanate of Sambas">Sambas</a> of southern Borneo in 1609, while the Dutch only began their trade in 1644: to Banjar and Martapura, also in the southern Borneo.<a href="#cite_note-75">[75]</a> The Dutch tried to settle the island of <a href="/wiki/Balambangan_Island" title="Balambangan Island">Balambangan</a>, north of Borneo, in the second half of the 18th century, but withdrew by 1797.<a href="#cite_note-Dutch_Borneo-76">[76]</a> In 1812, the sultan in southern Borneo ceded his forts to the <a href="/wiki/British_East_India_Company" class="mw-redirect" title="British East India Company">British East India Company</a>. The British, led by <a href="/wiki/Stamford_Raffles" title="Stamford Raffles">Stamford Raffles</a>, then tried to establish an intervention in Sambas but failed. Although they managed to defeat the sultanate the next year and declared a blockade on all ports in Borneo except Brunei, <a href="/wiki/Banjarmasin" title="Banjarmasin">Banjarmasin</a> and <a href="/wiki/Pontianak,_Indonesia" class="mw-redirect" title="Pontianak, Indonesia">Pontianak</a>, the project was cancelled by the British governor-general <a href="/wiki/Gilbert_Elliot-Murray-Kynynmound,_1st_Earl_of_Minto" title="Gilbert Elliot-Murray-Kynynmound, 1st Earl of Minto">Lord Minto</a> in India as it was too expensive.<a href="#cite_note-Dutch_Borneo-76">[76]</a> At the beginning of British and Dutch exploration on the island, they described the island of Borneo as full of <a href="/wiki/Headhunting" title="Headhunting">head hunters</a>, with the indigenous in the interior practising <a href="/wiki/Human_cannibalism" title="Human cannibalism">cannibalism</a>,<a href="#cite_note-Dutch_and_British_explorations-77">[77]</a> and the waters around the island infested with <a href="/wiki/Piracy" title="Piracy">pirates</a>, especially between the north eastern Borneo and the southern Philippines.<a href="#cite_note-78">[78]</a><a href="#cite_note-79">[79]</a> The <a href="/wiki/Malay_race" title="Malay race">Malay</a> and <a href="/wiki/Iban_people" title="Iban people">Sea Dayak</a> pirates preyed on maritime shipping in the waters between Singapore and Hong Kong from their haven in Borneo,<a href="#cite_note-80">[80]</a> along with the attacks by <a href="/wiki/Illanun" class="mw-redirect" title="Illanun">Illanuns</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Moro_pirates" class="mw-redirect" title="Moro pirates">Moro pirates</a> from the southern Philippines, such as in the <a href="/wiki/Battle_off_Mukah" title="Battle off Mukah">Battle off Mukah</a>.<a href="#cite_note-81">[81]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:British_and_Dutch_Borneo,_1898.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ac/British_and_Dutch_Borneo%2C_1898.png/220px-British_and_Dutch_Borneo%2C_1898.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="284" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ac/British_and_Dutch_Borneo%2C_1898.png/330px-British_and_Dutch_Borneo%2C_1898.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ac/British_and_Dutch_Borneo%2C_1898.png/440px-British_and_Dutch_Borneo%2C_1898.png 2x" data-file-width="495" data-file-height="639" /></a><figcaption>Map of the island divided between the British and the Dutch, 1898. The present boundaries of Malaysia, Indonesia and Brunei are largely inherited from the British and Dutch colonial rules.</figcaption></figure> The Dutch began to intervene in the southern part of the island upon resuming contact in 1815, posting <a href="/wiki/Resident_(title)" class="mw-redirect" title="Resident (title)">residents</a> to Banjarmasin, Pontianak and Sambas and assistant-residents to Landak and Mampawa.<a href="#cite_note-82">[82]</a><a href="#cite_note-83">[83]</a> The Sultanate of Brunei in 1842 granted large parts of land in Sarawak to the British adventurer <a href="/wiki/James_Brooke" title="James Brooke">James Brooke</a>, as a reward for his help in quelling a local rebellion. Brooke established the <a href="/wiki/Raj_of_Sarawak" title="Raj of Sarawak">Raj of Sarawak</a> and was recognised as its rajah after paying a fee to the sultanate. He established a monarchy, and the Brooke dynasty (through his nephew and great-nephew) ruled Sarawak for 100 years; the leaders were known as the <a href="/wiki/White_Rajahs" title="White Rajahs">White Rajahs</a>.<a href="#cite_note-84">[84]</a><a href="#cite_note-85">[85]</a> Brooke also acquired the island of <a href="/wiki/Labuan" title="Labuan">Labuan</a> for <a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom_of_Great_Britain_and_Ireland" title="United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland">Great Britain</a> in 1846 through the <a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Labuan" title="Treaty of Labuan">Treaty of Labuan</a> with the sultan of Brunei, <a href="/wiki/Omar_Ali_Saifuddin_II" title="Omar Ali Saifuddin II">Omar Ali Saifuddin II</a> on 18 December 1846.<a href="#cite_note-86">[86]</a> The region of northern Borneo came under the administration of <a href="/wiki/North_Borneo_Chartered_Company" title="North Borneo Chartered Company">North Borneo Chartered Company</a> following the acquisition of territory from the Sultanates of Brunei and Sulu by a German businessman and adventurer named <a href="/wiki/Gustav_Overbeck" title="Gustav Overbeck">Baron von Overbeck</a>, before it was passed to the British Dent brothers (comprising <a href="/wiki/Alfred_Dent" title="Alfred Dent">Alfred Dent</a> and Edward Dent).<a href="#cite_note-Hussainmiya2006-69">[69]</a><a href="#cite_note-87">[87]</a> Further expansion by the British continued into the Borneo interior.<a href="#cite_note-88">[88]</a> This led the 26th sultan of Brunei, <a href="/wiki/Hashim_Jalilul_Alam_Aqamaddin" title="Hashim Jalilul Alam Aqamaddin">Hashim Jalilul Alam Aqamaddin</a> to appeal the British to halt such efforts, and as a result a Treaty of Protection was signed in 1888, rendering Brunei a British protectorate.<a href="#cite_note-89">[89]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Dayak_tijdens_het_erau_feest_(een_cultureel_festival)_in_Tenggarong_TMnr_10005749.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Dayak_tijdens_het_erau_feest_%28een_cultureel_festival%29_in_Tenggarong_TMnr_10005749.jpg/220px-COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Dayak_tijdens_het_erau_feest_%28een_cultureel_festival%29_in_Tenggarong_TMnr_10005749.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="163" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Dayak_tijdens_het_erau_feest_%28een_cultureel_festival%29_in_Tenggarong_TMnr_10005749.jpg/330px-COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Dayak_tijdens_het_erau_feest_%28een_cultureel_festival%29_in_Tenggarong_TMnr_10005749.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Dayak_tijdens_het_erau_feest_%28een_cultureel_festival%29_in_Tenggarong_TMnr_10005749.jpg/440px-COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Dayak_tijdens_het_erau_feest_%28een_cultureel_festival%29_in_Tenggarong_TMnr_10005749.jpg 2x" data-file-width="700" data-file-height="518" /></a><figcaption>The <a href="/wiki/Dayak_people" title="Dayak people">Dayak</a> tribe during an <a href="/wiki/Erau" title="Erau">Erau</a> ceremony in <a href="/wiki/Tenggarong" title="Tenggarong">Tenggarong</a></figcaption></figure> Before the acquisition by the British, the Americans also managed to establish their temporary presence in northwestern Borneo after acquiring a parcel of land from the Sultanate of Brunei. A company known as <a href="/wiki/American_Trading_Company_of_Borneo" title="American Trading Company of Borneo">American Trading Company of Borneo</a> was formed by <a href="/wiki/Joseph_William_Torrey" title="Joseph William Torrey">Joseph William Torrey</a>, <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Bradley_Harris" title="Thomas Bradley Harris">Thomas Bradley Harris</a> and several Chinese investors, establishing a colony named "Ellena" in the <a href="/wiki/Kimanis" title="Kimanis">Kimanis</a> area.<a href="#cite_note-90">[90]</a> The colony failed and was abandoned, due to denials of financial backing, especially by the US government, and to diseases and riots among the workers.<a href="#cite_note-91">[91]</a> Before Torrey left, he managed to sell the land to the German businessman, Overbeck.<a href="#cite_note-92">[92]</a> Meanwhile, the Germans under William Frederick Schuck were awarded a parcel of land in northeastern Borneo of the Sandakan Bay from the Sultanate of Sulu where he conducted business and exported large quantities of arms, <a href="/wiki/Opium" title="Opium">opium</a>, textiles and tobacco to Sulu before the land was also passed to Overbeck by the sultanate.<a href="#cite_note-93">[93]</a><a href="#cite_note-94">[94]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Ontvangst_bij_de_sultan_van_Pontianak_West-Borneo_TMnr_10001596.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Ontvangst_bij_de_sultan_van_Pontianak_West-Borneo_TMnr_10001596.jpg/220px-COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Ontvangst_bij_de_sultan_van_Pontianak_West-Borneo_TMnr_10001596.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="155" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Ontvangst_bij_de_sultan_van_Pontianak_West-Borneo_TMnr_10001596.jpg/330px-COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Ontvangst_bij_de_sultan_van_Pontianak_West-Borneo_TMnr_10001596.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Ontvangst_bij_de_sultan_van_Pontianak_West-Borneo_TMnr_10001596.jpg/440px-COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Ontvangst_bij_de_sultan_van_Pontianak_West-Borneo_TMnr_10001596.jpg 2x" data-file-width="700" data-file-height="493" /></a><figcaption>Arab-Malay <a href="/wiki/Pontianak_Sultanate" title="Pontianak Sultanate">Sultan of Pontianak</a> in 1930</figcaption></figure> Prior to the recognition of Spanish presence in the Philippine archipelago, a protocol known as the <a href="/wiki/Madrid_Protocol_of_1885" title="Madrid Protocol of 1885">Madrid Protocol of 1885</a> was signed between the governments of the United Kingdom, Germany and Spain in <a href="/wiki/Madrid" title="Madrid">Madrid</a> to cement Spanish influence and recognise their sovereignty over the Sultanate of Sulu—in return for Spain's relinquishing its claim to the former possessions of the sultanate in northern Borneo.<a href="#cite_note-95">[95]</a><a href="#cite_note-96">[96]</a> The British administration then established the first railway network in northern Borneo, known as the <a href="/wiki/North_Borneo_Railway" class="mw-redirect" title="North Borneo Railway">North Borneo Railway</a>.<a href="#cite_note-97">[97]</a><a href="#cite_note-98">[98]</a> During this time, the British sponsored a large number of Chinese workers to migrate to northern Borneo to work in European plantation and mines,<a href="#cite_note-99">[99]</a> and the Dutch followed suit to increase their economic production.<a href="#cite_note-100">[100]</a> By 1888, North Borneo, Sarawak and Brunei in northern Borneo had become British <a href="/wiki/Protectorate" title="Protectorate">protectorate</a>.<a href="#cite_note-PrescottTriggs2008-101">[101]</a> The area in southern Borneo was made Dutch protectorate in 1891.<a href="#cite_note-Dutch_and_British_explorations-77">[77]</a> The Dutch who already claimed the whole Borneo were asked by Britain to delimit their boundaries between the two colonial territories to avoid further conflicts.<a href="#cite_note-PrescottTriggs2008-101">[101]</a> The British and Dutch governments had signed the <a href="/wiki/Anglo-Dutch_Treaty_of_1824" title="Anglo-Dutch Treaty of 1824">Anglo-Dutch Treaty of 1824</a> to exchange trading ports in <a href="/wiki/Malay_Peninsula" title="Malay Peninsula">Malay Peninsula</a> and <a href="/wiki/Sumatra" title="Sumatra">Sumatra</a> that were under their controls and assert spheres of influence. This resulted in indirectly establishing British- and Dutch-controlled areas in the north (Malay Peninsula) and south (Sumatra and Riau Islands) respectively.<a href="#cite_note-102">[102]</a> In 1895, <a href="/wiki/Marcus_Samuel,_1st_Viscount_Bearsted" title="Marcus Samuel, 1st Viscount Bearsted">Marcus Samuel</a> received a concession in the Kutei area of east Borneo, and based on <a href="/wiki/Oil_seep" class="mw-redirect" title="Oil seep">oil seepages</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Mahakam_River" title="Mahakam River">Mahakam River</a> <a href="/wiki/River_delta" title="River delta">delta</a>, Mark Abrahams struck oil in February 1897. This was the discovery of the Sanga Sanga Oil Field, a refinery was built in <a href="/wiki/Balikpapan" title="Balikpapan">Balikpapan</a>, and discovery of the Samboja Oil Field followed in 1909. In 1901, the Pamusian Oil Field was discovered on <a href="/wiki/Tarakan" title="Tarakan">Tarakan</a>, and the <a href="/wiki/Bunyu" title="Bunyu">Bunyu</a> Oil Field in 1929. <a href="/wiki/Royal_Dutch_Shell" class="mw-redirect" title="Royal Dutch Shell">Royal Dutch Shell</a> discovered the <a href="/wiki/Miri,_Malaysia" class="mw-redirect" title="Miri, Malaysia">Miri</a> Oil Field in 1910, and the <a href="/wiki/Seria_oil_field" title="Seria oil field">Seria oil field</a> in 1929.<a href="#cite_note-dy-103">[103]</a><a href="#cite_note-104">[104]</a><a href="#cite_note-105">[105]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="World_War_II">World War II</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Borneo&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: World War II">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Japanese_occupation_of_British_Borneo" title="Japanese occupation of British Borneo">Japanese occupation of British Borneo</a> and <a href="/wiki/Japanese_occupation_of_the_Dutch_East_Indies" title="Japanese occupation of the Dutch East Indies">Japanese occupation of the Dutch East Indies</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Japanese_Troops,_Labuan_(AWM_127908).JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1e/Japanese_Troops%2C_Labuan_%28AWM_127908%29.JPG/220px-Japanese_Troops%2C_Labuan_%28AWM_127908%29.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="276" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1e/Japanese_Troops%2C_Labuan_%28AWM_127908%29.JPG/330px-Japanese_Troops%2C_Labuan_%28AWM_127908%29.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1e/Japanese_Troops%2C_Labuan_%28AWM_127908%29.JPG/440px-Japanese_Troops%2C_Labuan_%28AWM_127908%29.JPG 2x" data-file-width="510" data-file-height="640" /></a><figcaption>Japanese troops march through the streets of <a href="/wiki/Crown_Colony_of_Labuan" title="Crown Colony of Labuan">Labuan</a> on 14 January 1942.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:American_Support_Craft_(AWM_108818).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/American_Support_Craft_%28AWM_108818%29.jpg/220px-American_Support_Craft_%28AWM_108818%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="168" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/American_Support_Craft_%28AWM_108818%29.jpg/330px-American_Support_Craft_%28AWM_108818%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/American_Support_Craft_%28AWM_108818%29.jpg/440px-American_Support_Craft_%28AWM_108818%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="639" data-file-height="487" /></a><figcaption>American <a href="/wiki/Landing_craft" title="Landing craft">support craft</a> moving towards <a href="/wiki/Victoria,_Labuan" title="Victoria, Labuan">Victoria</a> and Brown beach to assist the landing of the members of Australian <a href="/wiki/24th_Brigade_(Australia)" title="24th Brigade (Australia)">24th Infantry Brigade</a> on the island during <a href="/wiki/Operation_Oboe_Six" class="mw-redirect" title="Operation Oboe Six">Operation Oboe Six</a>, 10 June 1945</figcaption></figure> During World War II, Japanese forces gained control and occupied most areas of Borneo from 1941 to 1945. In the first stage of the war, the British saw the Japanese advance to Borneo as motivated by political and territorial ambitions rather than economic factors.<a href="#cite_note-106">[106]</a> The occupation drove many people in the coastal towns to the interior, searching for food and escaping the Japanese.<a href="#cite_note-Lim2008-107">[107]</a> The Chinese residents in Borneo, especially with the <a href="/wiki/Second_Sino-Japanese_War" title="Second Sino-Japanese War">Sino-Japanese War</a> in <a href="/wiki/Mainland_China" title="Mainland China">Mainland China</a> mostly resisted the Japanese occupation.<a href="#cite_note-108">[108]</a> Following the formation of resistance movements in northern Borneo such as the <a href="/wiki/Jesselton_Revolt" class="mw-redirect" title="Jesselton Revolt">Jesselton Revolt</a>, many innocent indigenous and Chinese people were executed by the Japanese for their alleged involvement.<a href="#cite_note-109">[109]</a> In Kalimantan, the Japanese also killed many Malay intellectuals, executing all the Malay sultans of West Kalimantan in the <a href="/wiki/Pontianak_incidents" title="Pontianak incidents">Pontianak incidents</a>, together with Chinese people who were already against the Japanese for suspecting them to be threats.<a href="#cite_note-threats-110">[110]</a> Sultan Muhammad Ibrahim Shafi ud-din II of <a href="/wiki/Sultanate_of_Sambas" title="Sultanate of Sambas">Sambas</a> was executed in 1944. The sultanate was thereafter suspended and replaced by a Japanese council.<a href="#cite_note-111">[111]</a> The Japanese also set-up Pusat Tenaga Rakjat (PUTERA)<a href="#cite_note-112">[112]</a> in the Indonesian archipelago in 1943, although it was abolished the following year when it became too nationalistic.<a href="#cite_note-Meyer2000-113">[113]</a> Some of the Indonesian nationalist like <a href="/wiki/Sukarno" title="Sukarno">Sukarno</a> and <a href="/wiki/Mohammad_Hatta" title="Mohammad Hatta">Hatta</a> who had returned from Dutch exile began to co-operate with the Japanese. Shortly after his release, Sukarno became president of the Central Advisory Council, an advisory council for south Borneo, <a href="/wiki/Celebes_Islands" class="mw-redirect" title="Celebes Islands">Celebes</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Lesser_Sunda_Islands" title="Lesser Sunda Islands">Lesser Sunda</a>, set up in February 1945.<a href="#cite_note-Meyer2000-113">[113]</a> After the <a href="/wiki/Fall_of_Singapore" title="Fall of Singapore">fall of Singapore</a>, the Japanese sent several thousand of British and Australian <a href="/wiki/Prisoners_of_war" class="mw-redirect" title="Prisoners of war">prisoners of war</a> to camps in Borneo such as <a href="/wiki/Batu_Lintang_camp" title="Batu Lintang camp">Batu Lintang camp</a>. From the <a href="/wiki/Sandakan_camp" title="Sandakan camp">Sandakan camp</a> site, only six of some 2,500 prisoners survived after they were forced to march in an event known as the <a href="/wiki/Sandakan_Death_March" class="mw-redirect" title="Sandakan Death March">Sandakan Death March</a>.<a href="#cite_note-114">[114]</a> In addition, of the total of 17,488 <a href="/wiki/Javanese_people" title="Javanese people">Javanese</a> labourers brought in by the Japanese during the occupation, only 1,500 survived mainly due to starvation, harsh working conditions and maltreatment.<a href="#cite_note-Lim2008-107">[107]</a> The Dayak and other indigenous people played a role in <a href="/wiki/Guerrilla_warfare" title="Guerrilla warfare">guerrilla warfare</a> against the occupying forces, particularly in the <a href="/wiki/Kapit_Division" title="Kapit Division">Kapit Division</a>. They temporarily revived headhunting of Japanese toward the end of the war,<a href="#cite_note-115">[115]</a> with Allied <a href="/wiki/Z_Special_Unit" title="Z Special Unit">Z Special Unit</a> provided assistance to them.<a href="#cite_note-116">[116]</a> Australia contributed significantly to the liberation of Borneo.<a href="#cite_note-117">[117]</a> The <a href="/wiki/Second_Australian_Imperial_Force" title="Second Australian Imperial Force">Australian Imperial Force</a> was sent to Borneo to fight off the Japanese.<a href="#cite_note-118">[118]</a> Together with other Allies, the island <a href="/wiki/Borneo_campaign_(1945)" class="mw-redirect" title="Borneo campaign (1945)">was completely liberated</a> in 1945. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Recent_history">Recent history</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Borneo&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Recent history">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Sukarno_with_adat_people_in_West_Kalimantan,_Bung_Karno_Penjambung_Lidah_Rakjat_252.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5e/Sukarno_with_adat_people_in_West_Kalimantan%2C_Bung_Karno_Penjambung_Lidah_Rakjat_252.jpg/220px-Sukarno_with_adat_people_in_West_Kalimantan%2C_Bung_Karno_Penjambung_Lidah_Rakjat_252.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="144" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5e/Sukarno_with_adat_people_in_West_Kalimantan%2C_Bung_Karno_Penjambung_Lidah_Rakjat_252.jpg/330px-Sukarno_with_adat_people_in_West_Kalimantan%2C_Bung_Karno_Penjambung_Lidah_Rakjat_252.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5e/Sukarno_with_adat_people_in_West_Kalimantan%2C_Bung_Karno_Penjambung_Lidah_Rakjat_252.jpg/440px-Sukarno_with_adat_people_in_West_Kalimantan%2C_Bung_Karno_Penjambung_Lidah_Rakjat_252.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2561" data-file-height="1679" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Sukarno" title="Sukarno">Sukarno</a> visiting <a href="/wiki/Pontianak" title="Pontianak">Pontianak</a>, <a href="/wiki/West_Kalimantan" title="West Kalimantan">West Kalimantan</a>, in 1963</figcaption></figure> In May 1945, officials in Tokyo suggested that whether northern Borneo should be included in the proposed new country of Indonesia should be separately determined based on the desires of its indigenous people and following the disposition of <a href="/wiki/British_Malaya" title="British Malaya">Malaya</a>.<a href="#cite_note-119">[119]</a> Sukarno and <a href="/wiki/Mohammad_Yamin" title="Mohammad Yamin">Mohammad Yamin</a> meanwhile continuously advocated for a <a href="/wiki/Greater_Indonesia" title="Greater Indonesia">Greater Indonesian</a> republic.<a href="#cite_note-120">[120]</a> Towards the end of the war, Japan decided to give an early independence to a new proposed country of Indonesia on 17 July 1945, with an Independence Committee meeting scheduled for 19 August 1945.<a href="#cite_note-Meyer2000-113">[113]</a> However, following the <a href="/wiki/Surrender_of_Japan" title="Surrender of Japan">surrender of Japan</a> to the Allied forces, the meeting was shelved. Sukarno and Hatta continued the plan by unilaterally declaring independence, although the Dutch tried to retake their colonial possession in Borneo.<a href="#cite_note-Meyer2000-113">[113]</a> The southern part of the island achieved its independence through the <a href="/wiki/Proclamation_of_Indonesian_Independence" title="Proclamation of Indonesian Independence">Proclamation of Indonesian Independence</a> on 17 August 1945. The southern part saw <a href="/wiki/Kalimantan_Physical_Revolution" title="Kalimantan Physical Revolution">guerrilla conflicts</a> followed by Dutch blockade to cut supplies for nationalist within the region.<a href="#cite_note-121">[121]</a> While nationalist guerrillas supporting the inclusion of southern Borneo in the new Indonesian republic were active in Ketapang, and to lesser extent in Sambas where they rallied with the red-white flag which became the <a href="/wiki/Flag_of_Indonesia" title="Flag of Indonesia">flag of Indonesia</a>, most of the Chinese residents in southern Borneo expected to be liberated by <a href="/wiki/National_Revolutionary_Army" title="National Revolutionary Army">Chinese Nationalist troops</a> from mainland China and to integrate their districts as an overseas province of <a href="/wiki/Republic_of_China_(1912%E2%80%9349)" class="mw-redirect" title="Republic of China (1912–49)">China</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Heidhues2003-122">[122]</a> Meanwhile, Sarawak and Sabah in northern Borneo became separate British crown colonies in 1946.<a href="#cite_note-Porritt1997-123">[123]</a><a href="#cite_note-cc-124">[124]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Queen%27s_Own_Highlanders_searching_for_enemies_during_a_patrol.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/68/Queen%27s_Own_Highlanders_searching_for_enemies_during_a_patrol.jpg/220px-Queen%27s_Own_Highlanders_searching_for_enemies_during_a_patrol.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="199" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/68/Queen%27s_Own_Highlanders_searching_for_enemies_during_a_patrol.jpg/330px-Queen%27s_Own_Highlanders_searching_for_enemies_during_a_patrol.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/68/Queen%27s_Own_Highlanders_searching_for_enemies_during_a_patrol.jpg/440px-Queen%27s_Own_Highlanders_searching_for_enemies_during_a_patrol.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="725" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Queen%27s_Own_Highlanders_(Seaforth_and_Camerons)" title="Queen's Own Highlanders (Seaforth and Camerons)">Queen's Own Highlanders</a> 1st Battalion conduct a patrol to search for enemy positions in the jungle of Brunei.</figcaption></figure> In 1961, Prime Minister <a href="/wiki/Tunku_Abdul_Rahman" title="Tunku Abdul Rahman">Tunku Abdul Rahman</a> of the independent <a href="/wiki/Federation_of_Malaya" title="Federation of Malaya">Federation of Malaya</a> desired to unite Malaya, the British colonies of <a href="/wiki/Crown_Colony_of_Sarawak" title="Crown Colony of Sarawak">Sarawak</a>, <a href="/wiki/Crown_Colony_of_North_Borneo" title="Crown Colony of North Borneo">North Borneo</a>, <a href="/wiki/Crown_Colony_of_Singapore" class="mw-redirect" title="Crown Colony of Singapore">Singapore</a> and the protectorate of <a href="/wiki/Brunei" title="Brunei">Brunei</a> under the proposed <a href="/wiki/Malaysia" title="Malaysia">Federation of Malaysia</a>.<a href="#cite_note-125">[125]</a> The idea was heavily opposed by the governments in both Indonesia and the Philippines as well from communist sympathisers and nationalists in Borneo.<a href="#cite_note-126">[126]</a><a href="#cite_note-127">[127]</a> Sukarno, as the president of the new republic, perceiving the British trying to maintain their presence in northern Borneo and the Malay Peninsula, decided to launch a military infiltration, later known as the <a href="/wiki/Indonesia%E2%80%93Malaysia_confrontation" title="Indonesia–Malaysia confrontation">confrontation</a>, from 1962 to 1969.<a href="#cite_note-128">[128]</a> As a response to the growing opposition, the British deployed their armed forces to guard their colonies against Indonesian and communist revolts,<a href="#cite_note-129">[129]</a> which was also participated by Australia and <a href="/wiki/New_Zealand" title="New Zealand">New Zealand</a>.<a href="#cite_note-130">[130]</a><a href="#cite_note-131">[131]</a> The Philippines opposed the newly proposed federation, claiming the eastern part of North Borneo (today the Malaysian state of Sabah) as part of its territory as a former possession of the <a href="/wiki/Sultanate_of_Sulu" title="Sultanate of Sulu">Sultanate of Sulu</a>.<a href="#cite_note-132">[132]</a> The Philippine government mostly based their claim on the Sultanate of Sulu's <a href="/wiki/Cession" title="Cession">cession</a> agreement with the British North Borneo Company, as by now the sultanate had come under the jurisdiction of the Philippine republican administration, which therefore should inherit the Sulu former territories. The Philippine government also claimed that the heirs of the sultanate had ceded all their territorial rights to the republic.<a href="#cite_note-133">[133]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_the_North_Borneo_Federation.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Flag_of_the_North_Borneo_Federation.svg/220px-Flag_of_the_North_Borneo_Federation.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="110" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Flag_of_the_North_Borneo_Federation.svg/330px-Flag_of_the_North_Borneo_Federation.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Flag_of_the_North_Borneo_Federation.svg/440px-Flag_of_the_North_Borneo_Federation.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="300" /></a><figcaption>The proposed flag of the <a href="/wiki/North_Borneo_Federation" title="North Borneo Federation">North Borneo Federation</a>, an attempt to establish a sovereign state by unifying North Borneo, Brunei and Sarawak by <a href="/wiki/A._M._Azahari" title="A. M. Azahari">A. M. Azahari</a> </figcaption></figure> The Sultanate of Brunei at the first welcomed the proposal of a new larger federation.<a href="#cite_note-134">[134]</a> Meanwhile, the <a href="/wiki/Brunei_People%27s_Party" title="Brunei People's Party">Brunei People's Party</a> led by <a href="/wiki/A.M._Azahari" class="mw-redirect" title="A.M. Azahari">A.M. Azahari</a> desired to reunify Brunei, Sarawak and North Borneo into one federation known as the <a href="/wiki/North_Borneo_Federation" title="North Borneo Federation">North Borneo Federation</a> (<a href="/wiki/Malay_language" title="Malay language">Malay</a>: Kesatuan Negara Kalimantan Utara), where the <a href="/wiki/List_of_sultans_of_Brunei" title="List of sultans of Brunei">sultan of Brunei</a> would be the head of state for the federation—though Azahari had his own intention to abolish the Brunei monarchy, to make Brunei more democratic, and to integrate the territory and other former British colonies in Borneo into Indonesia, with the support from the latter government.<a href="#cite_note-135">[135]</a> This directly led to the <a href="/wiki/Brunei_Revolt" class="mw-redirect" title="Brunei Revolt">Brunei Revolt</a>, which thwarted Azahari's attempt and forced him to escape to Indonesia. Brunei withdrew from being part of the new Federation of Malaysia due to some disagreements on other issues while political leaders in Sarawak and North Borneo continued to favour inclusion in a larger federation.<a href="#cite_note-136">[136]</a> With the continuous opposition from Indonesia and the Philippines, the <a href="/wiki/Cobbold_Commission" title="Cobbold Commission">Cobbold Commission</a> was established to discover the feeling of the native populations in northern Borneo; it found the people greatly in favour of federation, with various stipulations.<a href="#cite_note-137">[137]</a><a href="#cite_note-138">[138]</a> The federation was successfully achieved with the inclusion of northern Borneo through the <a href="/wiki/Malaysia_Agreement" title="Malaysia Agreement">Malaysia Agreement</a> on 16 September 1963.<a href="#cite_note-139">[139]</a> To this day, the area in northern Borneo is still subjected to attacks by Moro pirates since the 18th century and militant from groups such as <a href="/wiki/Abu_Sayyaf" title="Abu Sayyaf">Abu Sayyaf</a> since 2000 in the frequent <a href="/wiki/Cross_border_attacks_in_Sabah" title="Cross border attacks in Sabah">cross border attacks</a>. During the administration of Philippine president <a href="/wiki/Ferdinand_Marcos" title="Ferdinand Marcos">Ferdinand Marcos</a>, Marcos made some attempts to destabilise the state of Sabah,<a href="#cite_note-140">[140]</a> although his plan failed and resulted in the <a href="/wiki/Jabidah_massacre" title="Jabidah massacre">Jabidah massacre</a> and later the <a href="/wiki/Moro_conflict" title="Moro conflict">insurgency in the southern Philippines</a>.<a href="#cite_note-141">[141]</a><a href="#cite_note-142">[142]</a> In August 2019, Indonesian president <a href="/wiki/Joko_Widodo" title="Joko Widodo">Joko Widodo</a> announced a <a href="/wiki/Capital_of_Indonesia#Move_to_Nusantara" title="Capital of Indonesia">plan to move the capital of Indonesia</a> from <a href="/wiki/Jakarta" title="Jakarta">Jakarta</a> to a newly established location in the <a href="/wiki/East_Kalimantan" title="East Kalimantan">East Kalimantan</a> province in Borneo.<a href="#cite_note-143">[143]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Demographics">Demographics</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Borneo&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Demographics">edit</a>]</div> The <a href="/wiki/Demonym" title="Demonym">demonym</a> for Borneo is Bornean.<a href="#cite_note-144">[144]</a> Borneo had 23,053,723 inhabitants (in 2020 Censuses),<a href="#cite_note-detik20-1">[1]</a><a href="#cite_note-citypop-2">[2]</a> a population density of 30.8 inhabitants per square kilometre (80 inhabitants per square mile). Most of the population lives in coastal cities, although the hinterland has small towns and villages along the rivers. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Territories_by_population,_size_and_timezone">Territories by population, size and timezone</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Borneo&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Territories by population, size and timezone">edit</a>]</div> <table class="sortable wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th>Country </th> <th>Population </th> <th>Area </th> <th>Density </th> <th>Province/state </th> <th>Population </th> <th>Area </th> <th>Density </th> <th>Capital </th> <th>Time zone </th></tr> <tr> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_Brunei.svg/23px-Flag_of_Brunei.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_Brunei.svg/35px-Flag_of_Brunei.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_Brunei.svg/46px-Flag_of_Brunei.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1440" data-file-height="720" /> <a href="/wiki/Brunei" title="Brunei">Brunei</a><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1041539562">.mw-parser-output .citation{word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}</style>a <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1041539562">b</td> <td>460,345<a href="#cite_note-145">[145]</a> (2% of the population)</td> <td>5,765 km2 (0.8% of the land area)</td> <td>72.11/km2 </td> <td colspan="4"> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Bandar_Seri_Begawan" title="Bandar Seri Begawan">Bandar Seri Begawan</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/UTC%2B8" class="mw-redirect" title="UTC+8">UTC+8</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="5"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Flag_of_Indonesia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Indonesia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Flag_of_Indonesia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Indonesia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Flag_of_Indonesia.svg/45px-Flag_of_Indonesia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Indonesia" title="Indonesia">Indonesia</a> (<a href="/wiki/Kalimantan" title="Kalimantan">Kalimantan</a>)<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1041539562">a</td> <td rowspan="5">16,544,696<a href="#cite_note-Badan_Pusat_Statistik_2021-146">[146]</a> (72% of the population)</td> <td rowspan="5">539,238 km2 (72.5% of the land area)</td> <td rowspan="5">30.8/km2 </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/Flag_of_North_Kalimantan.svg/22px-Flag_of_North_Kalimantan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/Flag_of_North_Kalimantan.svg/33px-Flag_of_North_Kalimantan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/Flag_of_North_Kalimantan.svg/43px-Flag_of_North_Kalimantan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="358" /> <a href="/wiki/North_Kalimantan" title="North Kalimantan">North Kalimantan</a></td> <td>713,622 (3% of the population)</td> <td>72,275 km2 (9.7% of the land area)</td> <td>9.7/km2</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Tanjung_Selor" title="Tanjung Selor">Tanjung Selor</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/UTC%2B8" class="mw-redirect" title="UTC+8">UTC+8</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Flag_of_East_Kalimantan.svg/22px-Flag_of_East_Kalimantan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Flag_of_East_Kalimantan.svg/33px-Flag_of_East_Kalimantan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Flag_of_East_Kalimantan.svg/43px-Flag_of_East_Kalimantan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="1050" /> <a href="/wiki/East_Kalimantan" title="East Kalimantan">East Kalimantan</a></td> <td>3,849,842 (16.8% of the population)</td> <td>127,347 km2 (17.1% of the land area)</td> <td>29.6/km2 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Samarinda" title="Samarinda">Samarinda</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/UTC%2B8" class="mw-redirect" title="UTC+8">UTC+8</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/Flag_of_South_Kalimantan.svg/22px-Flag_of_South_Kalimantan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/Flag_of_South_Kalimantan.svg/33px-Flag_of_South_Kalimantan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/Flag_of_South_Kalimantan.svg/43px-Flag_of_South_Kalimantan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="358" /> <a href="/wiki/South_Kalimantan" title="South Kalimantan">South Kalimantan</a></td> <td>3,808,235 (16.6% of the population)</td> <td>38,744 km2 (5.2% of the land area)</td> <td>105.1/km2 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Banjarbaru" title="Banjarbaru">Banjarbaru</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/UTC%2B8" class="mw-redirect" title="UTC+8">UTC+8</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_Central_Kalimantan.svg/22px-Flag_of_Central_Kalimantan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_Central_Kalimantan.svg/33px-Flag_of_Central_Kalimantan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_Central_Kalimantan.svg/43px-Flag_of_Central_Kalimantan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="358" /> <a href="/wiki/Central_Kalimantan" title="Central Kalimantan">Central Kalimantan</a></td> <td>2,702,200 (11.8% of the population)</td> <td>153,565 km2 (20.6% of the land area)</td> <td>17.4/km2 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Palangka_Raya" title="Palangka Raya">Palangka Raya</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/UTC%2B7" class="mw-redirect" title="UTC+7">UTC+7</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Flag_of_West_Kalimantan.svg/22px-Flag_of_West_Kalimantan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Flag_of_West_Kalimantan.svg/33px-Flag_of_West_Kalimantan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Flag_of_West_Kalimantan.svg/43px-Flag_of_West_Kalimantan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="1050" /> <a href="/wiki/West_Kalimantan" title="West Kalimantan">West Kalimantan</a></td> <td>5,470,797 (23.8% of the population)</td> <td>147,307 km2 (19.8% of the land area)</td> <td>36.8/km2 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Pontianak" title="Pontianak">Pontianak</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/UTC%2B7" class="mw-redirect" title="UTC+7">UTC+7</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="3"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Flag_of_Malaysia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Malaysia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Flag_of_Malaysia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Malaysia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Flag_of_Malaysia.svg/46px-Flag_of_Malaysia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Malaysia" title="Malaysia">Malaysia</a> (<a href="/wiki/East_Malaysia" title="East Malaysia">East Malaysia</a>)<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1041539562">a</td> <td rowspan="3">5,967,582 (26% of the population)</td> <td rowspan="3">198,447 km2 (26.7% of the land area)</td> <td rowspan="3">30.7/km2 </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/Flag_of_Sabah.svg/23px-Flag_of_Sabah.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/Flag_of_Sabah.svg/35px-Flag_of_Sabah.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/Flag_of_Sabah.svg/46px-Flag_of_Sabah.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Sabah" title="Sabah">Sabah</a></td> <td>3,418,785 (14.9% of the population)</td> <td>73,904 km2 (9.9% of the land area)</td> <td>46/km2 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Kota_Kinabalu" title="Kota Kinabalu">Kota Kinabalu</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/UTC%2B8" class="mw-redirect" title="UTC+8">UTC+8</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7e/Flag_of_Sarawak.svg/23px-Flag_of_Sarawak.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7e/Flag_of_Sarawak.svg/35px-Flag_of_Sarawak.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7e/Flag_of_Sarawak.svg/46px-Flag_of_Sarawak.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Sarawak" title="Sarawak">Sarawak</a></td> <td>2,453,677 (10.7% of the population)</td> <td>124,450 km2 (16.7% of the land area)</td> <td>22/km2 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Kuching" title="Kuching">Kuching</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/UTC%2B8" class="mw-redirect" title="UTC+8">UTC+8</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/Flag_of_Labuan.svg/23px-Flag_of_Labuan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/Flag_of_Labuan.svg/35px-Flag_of_Labuan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/Flag_of_Labuan.svg/46px-Flag_of_Labuan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="450" /> <a href="/wiki/Labuan" title="Labuan">Labuan</a></td> <td>95,120 (0.4% of the population)</td> <td>92 km2 (0.1% of the land area)</td> <td>1,000/km2 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Victoria,_Labuan" title="Victoria, Labuan">Victoria</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/UTC%2B8" class="mw-redirect" title="UTC+8">UTC+8</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Total</td> <td>22,972,623</td> <td>743,450 km2 </td> <td>30.9~/km2 </td></tr></tbody></table> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1041539562">a May includes the offshore islands and its populations <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1041539562">b Due to its size, Brunei is further subdivided into 4 districts (<a href="/wiki/Districts_of_Brunei" title="Districts of Brunei">mukim</a>), which is similar to the size of smaller administrative units in Indonesia (<a href="/wiki/Districts_of_Indonesia" title="Districts of Indonesia">kecamatan</a>) and Malaysia (<a href="/wiki/List_of_districts_in_Malaysia" title="List of districts in Malaysia">daerah</a>) <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="20_largest_cities_and_towns_in_Borneo_by_population">20 largest cities and towns in Borneo by population</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Borneo&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: 20 largest cities and towns in Borneo by population">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Major_cities_in_towns_of_borneo.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Major_cities_in_towns_of_borneo.png/260px-Major_cities_in_towns_of_borneo.png" decoding="async" width="260" height="280" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Major_cities_in_towns_of_borneo.png/390px-Major_cities_in_towns_of_borneo.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Major_cities_in_towns_of_borneo.png/520px-Major_cities_in_towns_of_borneo.png 2x" data-file-width="695" data-file-height="748" /></a><figcaption>Cities and major towns in Borneo</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Samarinda_landscape_2.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3b/Samarinda_landscape_2.png/220px-Samarinda_landscape_2.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="77" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3b/Samarinda_landscape_2.png/330px-Samarinda_landscape_2.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3b/Samarinda_landscape_2.png/440px-Samarinda_landscape_2.png 2x" data-file-width="1135" data-file-height="396" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Samarinda" title="Samarinda">Samarinda</a>, the most populus and largest cities on the island of Borneo</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:2018-12-04_Balikpapan_cropped.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/23/2018-12-04_Balikpapan_cropped.jpg/220px-2018-12-04_Balikpapan_cropped.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="91" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/23/2018-12-04_Balikpapan_cropped.jpg/330px-2018-12-04_Balikpapan_cropped.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/23/2018-12-04_Balikpapan_cropped.jpg/440px-2018-12-04_Balikpapan_cropped.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4159" data-file-height="1723" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Balikpapan" title="Balikpapan">Balikpapan</a>, the second most populus and largest cities on the island of Borneo</figcaption></figure> <ul><li><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r981673959">.mw-parser-output .legend{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .legend-color{display:inline-block;min-width:1.25em;height:1.25em;line-height:1.25;margin:1px 0;text-align:center;border:1px solid black;background-color:transparent;color:black}.mw-parser-output .legend-text{}</style><div class="legend">  Provincial/state capital</div></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><div class="legend">  National capital</div></li></ul> <table class="sortable wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th>Rank</th> <th>City</th> <th>Population<a href="#cite_note-The_10_Largest_Cities_In_Borneo-147">[147]</a></th> <th>Country</th> <th>Province/state </th></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center;">1</td> <td style="text-align:left;background-color:#cfecec"><a href="/wiki/Samarinda" title="Samarinda">Samarinda</a></td> <td style="text-align:right;">861,878</td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Flag_of_Indonesia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Indonesia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Flag_of_Indonesia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Indonesia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Flag_of_Indonesia.svg/45px-Flag_of_Indonesia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Indonesia" title="Indonesia">Indonesia</a></td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Flag_of_East_Kalimantan.svg/22px-Flag_of_East_Kalimantan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Flag_of_East_Kalimantan.svg/33px-Flag_of_East_Kalimantan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Flag_of_East_Kalimantan.svg/43px-Flag_of_East_Kalimantan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="1050" /> <a href="/wiki/East_Kalimantan" title="East Kalimantan">East Kalimantan</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center;">2</td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Balikpapan" title="Balikpapan">Balikpapan</a></td> <td style="text-align:right;">738,532</td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Flag_of_Indonesia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Indonesia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Flag_of_Indonesia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Indonesia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Flag_of_Indonesia.svg/45px-Flag_of_Indonesia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Indonesia" title="Indonesia">Indonesia</a></td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Flag_of_East_Kalimantan.svg/22px-Flag_of_East_Kalimantan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Flag_of_East_Kalimantan.svg/33px-Flag_of_East_Kalimantan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Flag_of_East_Kalimantan.svg/43px-Flag_of_East_Kalimantan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="1050" /> <a href="/wiki/East_Kalimantan" title="East Kalimantan">East Kalimantan</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center;">3</td> <td style="text-align:left;background-color:#cfecec"><a href="/wiki/Pontianak" title="Pontianak">Pontianak</a></td> <td style="text-align:right;">679,818</td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Flag_of_Indonesia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Indonesia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Flag_of_Indonesia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Indonesia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Flag_of_Indonesia.svg/45px-Flag_of_Indonesia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Indonesia" title="Indonesia">Indonesia</a></td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Flag_of_West_Kalimantan.svg/22px-Flag_of_West_Kalimantan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Flag_of_West_Kalimantan.svg/33px-Flag_of_West_Kalimantan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Flag_of_West_Kalimantan.svg/43px-Flag_of_West_Kalimantan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="1050" /> <a href="/wiki/West_Kalimantan" title="West Kalimantan">West Kalimantan</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center;">4</td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Banjarmasin" title="Banjarmasin">Banjarmasin</a></td> <td style="text-align:right;">678,243</td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Flag_of_Indonesia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Indonesia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Flag_of_Indonesia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Indonesia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Flag_of_Indonesia.svg/45px-Flag_of_Indonesia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Indonesia" title="Indonesia">Indonesia</a></td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/Flag_of_South_Kalimantan.svg/22px-Flag_of_South_Kalimantan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/Flag_of_South_Kalimantan.svg/33px-Flag_of_South_Kalimantan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/Flag_of_South_Kalimantan.svg/43px-Flag_of_South_Kalimantan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="358" /> <a href="/wiki/South_Kalimantan" title="South Kalimantan">South Kalimantan</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center;">5</td> <td style="text-align:left;background-color:#cfecec"><a href="/wiki/Kota_Kinabalu" title="Kota Kinabalu">Kota Kinabalu</a></td> <td style="text-align:right;">500,425</td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Flag_of_Malaysia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Malaysia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Flag_of_Malaysia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Malaysia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Flag_of_Malaysia.svg/46px-Flag_of_Malaysia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Malaysia" title="Malaysia">Malaysia</a></td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/Flag_of_Sabah.svg/23px-Flag_of_Sabah.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/Flag_of_Sabah.svg/35px-Flag_of_Sabah.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/Flag_of_Sabah.svg/46px-Flag_of_Sabah.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Sabah" title="Sabah">Sabah</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center;">6</td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Sandakan" title="Sandakan">Sandakan</a></td> <td style="text-align:right;">439,050</td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Flag_of_Malaysia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Malaysia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Flag_of_Malaysia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Malaysia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Flag_of_Malaysia.svg/46px-Flag_of_Malaysia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Malaysia" title="Malaysia">Malaysia</a></td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/Flag_of_Sabah.svg/23px-Flag_of_Sabah.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/Flag_of_Sabah.svg/35px-Flag_of_Sabah.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/Flag_of_Sabah.svg/46px-Flag_of_Sabah.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Sabah" title="Sabah">Sabah</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center;">7</td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Tawau" title="Tawau">Tawau</a></td> <td style="text-align:right;">420,806</td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Flag_of_Malaysia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Malaysia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Flag_of_Malaysia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Malaysia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Flag_of_Malaysia.svg/46px-Flag_of_Malaysia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Malaysia" title="Malaysia">Malaysia</a></td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/Flag_of_Sabah.svg/23px-Flag_of_Sabah.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/Flag_of_Sabah.svg/35px-Flag_of_Sabah.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/Flag_of_Sabah.svg/46px-Flag_of_Sabah.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Sabah" title="Sabah">Sabah</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center;">8</td> <td style="text-align:left;background-color:#cfecec"><a href="/wiki/Kuching" title="Kuching">Kuching</a></td> <td style="text-align:right;">402,738</td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Flag_of_Malaysia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Malaysia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Flag_of_Malaysia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Malaysia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Flag_of_Malaysia.svg/46px-Flag_of_Malaysia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Malaysia" title="Malaysia">Malaysia</a></td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7e/Flag_of_Sarawak.svg/23px-Flag_of_Sarawak.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7e/Flag_of_Sarawak.svg/35px-Flag_of_Sarawak.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7e/Flag_of_Sarawak.svg/46px-Flag_of_Sarawak.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Sarawak" title="Sarawak">Sarawak</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center;">9</td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Miri" title="Miri">Miri</a></td> <td style="text-align:right;">356,900</td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Flag_of_Malaysia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Malaysia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Flag_of_Malaysia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Malaysia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Flag_of_Malaysia.svg/46px-Flag_of_Malaysia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Malaysia" title="Malaysia">Malaysia</a></td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7e/Flag_of_Sarawak.svg/23px-Flag_of_Sarawak.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7e/Flag_of_Sarawak.svg/35px-Flag_of_Sarawak.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7e/Flag_of_Sarawak.svg/46px-Flag_of_Sarawak.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Sarawak" title="Sarawak">Sarawak</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center;">10</td> <td style="text-align:left;background-color:#ccff99"><a href="/wiki/Bandar_Seri_Begawan" title="Bandar Seri Begawan">Bandar Seri Begawan</a></td> <td style="text-align:right;">318,530</td> <td scope="col" colspan="2"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_Brunei.svg/23px-Flag_of_Brunei.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_Brunei.svg/35px-Flag_of_Brunei.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_Brunei.svg/46px-Flag_of_Brunei.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1440" data-file-height="720" /> <a href="/wiki/Brunei" title="Brunei">Brunei</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center;">11</td> <td style="text-align:left;background-color:#cfecec"><a href="/wiki/Palangkaraya" class="mw-redirect" title="Palangkaraya">Palangkaraya</a></td> <td style="text-align:right;">305,797</td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Flag_of_Indonesia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Indonesia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Flag_of_Indonesia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Indonesia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Flag_of_Indonesia.svg/45px-Flag_of_Indonesia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Indonesia" title="Indonesia">Indonesia</a></td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_Central_Kalimantan.svg/22px-Flag_of_Central_Kalimantan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_Central_Kalimantan.svg/33px-Flag_of_Central_Kalimantan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_Central_Kalimantan.svg/43px-Flag_of_Central_Kalimantan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="358" /> <a href="/wiki/Central_Kalimantan" title="Central Kalimantan">Central Kalimantan</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center;">12</td> <td style="text-align:left;background-color:#cfecec"><a href="/wiki/Banjarbaru" title="Banjarbaru">Banjarbaru</a></td> <td style="text-align:right;">272,763</td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Flag_of_Indonesia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Indonesia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Flag_of_Indonesia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Indonesia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Flag_of_Indonesia.svg/45px-Flag_of_Indonesia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Indonesia" title="Indonesia">Indonesia</a></td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/Flag_of_South_Kalimantan.svg/22px-Flag_of_South_Kalimantan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/Flag_of_South_Kalimantan.svg/33px-Flag_of_South_Kalimantan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/Flag_of_South_Kalimantan.svg/43px-Flag_of_South_Kalimantan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="358" /> <a href="/wiki/South_Kalimantan" title="South Kalimantan">South Kalimantan</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center;">13</td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Tarakan" title="Tarakan">Tarakan</a></td> <td style="text-align:right;">249,960</td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Flag_of_Indonesia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Indonesia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Flag_of_Indonesia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Indonesia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Flag_of_Indonesia.svg/45px-Flag_of_Indonesia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Indonesia" title="Indonesia">Indonesia</a></td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/Flag_of_North_Kalimantan.svg/22px-Flag_of_North_Kalimantan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/Flag_of_North_Kalimantan.svg/33px-Flag_of_North_Kalimantan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/Flag_of_North_Kalimantan.svg/43px-Flag_of_North_Kalimantan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="358" /> <a href="/wiki/North_Kalimantan" title="North Kalimantan">North Kalimantan</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center;">14</td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Singkawang" title="Singkawang">Singkawang</a></td> <td style="text-align:right;">246,112</td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Flag_of_Indonesia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Indonesia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Flag_of_Indonesia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Indonesia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Flag_of_Indonesia.svg/45px-Flag_of_Indonesia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Indonesia" title="Indonesia">Indonesia</a></td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Flag_of_West_Kalimantan.svg/22px-Flag_of_West_Kalimantan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Flag_of_West_Kalimantan.svg/33px-Flag_of_West_Kalimantan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Flag_of_West_Kalimantan.svg/43px-Flag_of_West_Kalimantan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="1050" /> <a href="/wiki/West_Kalimantan" title="West Kalimantan">West Kalimantan</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center;">15</td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Bontang" title="Bontang">Bontang</a></td> <td style="text-align:right;">189,968</td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Flag_of_Indonesia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Indonesia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Flag_of_Indonesia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Indonesia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Flag_of_Indonesia.svg/45px-Flag_of_Indonesia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Indonesia" title="Indonesia">Indonesia</a></td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Flag_of_East_Kalimantan.svg/22px-Flag_of_East_Kalimantan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Flag_of_East_Kalimantan.svg/33px-Flag_of_East_Kalimantan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Flag_of_East_Kalimantan.svg/43px-Flag_of_East_Kalimantan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="1050" /> <a href="/wiki/East_Kalimantan" title="East Kalimantan">East Kalimantan</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center;">16</td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Sampit" title="Sampit">Sampit</a></td> <td style="text-align:right;">166,773</td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Flag_of_Indonesia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Indonesia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Flag_of_Indonesia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Indonesia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Flag_of_Indonesia.svg/45px-Flag_of_Indonesia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Indonesia" title="Indonesia">Indonesia</a></td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_Central_Kalimantan.svg/22px-Flag_of_Central_Kalimantan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_Central_Kalimantan.svg/33px-Flag_of_Central_Kalimantan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_Central_Kalimantan.svg/43px-Flag_of_Central_Kalimantan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="358" /> <a href="/wiki/Central_Kalimantan" title="Central Kalimantan">Central Kalimantan</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center;">17</td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Sibu" title="Sibu">Sibu</a></td> <td style="text-align:right;">162,676</td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Flag_of_Malaysia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Malaysia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Flag_of_Malaysia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Malaysia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Flag_of_Malaysia.svg/46px-Flag_of_Malaysia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Malaysia" title="Malaysia">Malaysia</a></td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7e/Flag_of_Sarawak.svg/23px-Flag_of_Sarawak.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7e/Flag_of_Sarawak.svg/35px-Flag_of_Sarawak.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7e/Flag_of_Sarawak.svg/46px-Flag_of_Sarawak.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Sarawak" title="Sarawak">Sarawak</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center;">18</td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Bintulu" title="Bintulu">Bintulu</a></td> <td style="text-align:right;">114,058</td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Flag_of_Malaysia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Malaysia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Flag_of_Malaysia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Malaysia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Flag_of_Malaysia.svg/46px-Flag_of_Malaysia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Malaysia" title="Malaysia">Malaysia</a></td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7e/Flag_of_Sarawak.svg/23px-Flag_of_Sarawak.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7e/Flag_of_Sarawak.svg/35px-Flag_of_Sarawak.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7e/Flag_of_Sarawak.svg/46px-Flag_of_Sarawak.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Sarawak" title="Sarawak">Sarawak</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center;">19</td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Tenggarong" title="Tenggarong">Tenggarong</a></td> <td style="text-align:right;">106,669</td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Flag_of_Indonesia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Indonesia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Flag_of_Indonesia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Indonesia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Flag_of_Indonesia.svg/45px-Flag_of_Indonesia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Indonesia" title="Indonesia">Indonesia</a></td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Flag_of_East_Kalimantan.svg/22px-Flag_of_East_Kalimantan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Flag_of_East_Kalimantan.svg/33px-Flag_of_East_Kalimantan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Flag_of_East_Kalimantan.svg/43px-Flag_of_East_Kalimantan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="1050" /> <a href="/wiki/East_Kalimantan" title="East Kalimantan">East Kalimantan</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center;">20</td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Pangkalan_Bun" title="Pangkalan Bun">Pangkalan Bun</a></td> <td style="text-align:right;">105,514</td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Flag_of_Indonesia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Indonesia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Flag_of_Indonesia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Indonesia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Flag_of_Indonesia.svg/45px-Flag_of_Indonesia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Indonesia" title="Indonesia">Indonesia</a></td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_Central_Kalimantan.svg/22px-Flag_of_Central_Kalimantan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_Central_Kalimantan.svg/33px-Flag_of_Central_Kalimantan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_Central_Kalimantan.svg/43px-Flag_of_Central_Kalimantan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="358" /> <a href="/wiki/Central_Kalimantan" title="Central Kalimantan">Central Kalimantan</a> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Urbanisation_by_region">Urbanisation by region</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Borneo&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Urbanisation by region">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Sarawak_River.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/Sarawak_River.jpg/220px-Sarawak_River.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="156" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/Sarawak_River.jpg/330px-Sarawak_River.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/Sarawak_River.jpg/440px-Sarawak_River.jpg 2x" data-file-width="630" data-file-height="447" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Kuching" title="Kuching">Kuching</a>, one of the largest cities on the island of Borneo</figcaption></figure> <table class="wikitable sortable"> <tbody><tr> <th rowspan="2">Country </th> <th rowspan="2">Province/state </th> <th colspan="2">Urban–rural population (%) </th></tr> <tr> <th style="background-color:#" data-sort-type="number">Urban </th> <th style="background-color:#" data-sort-type="number">Rural </th></tr> <tr> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_Brunei.svg/23px-Flag_of_Brunei.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_Brunei.svg/35px-Flag_of_Brunei.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_Brunei.svg/46px-Flag_of_Brunei.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1440" data-file-height="720" /> <a href="/wiki/Brunei" title="Brunei">Brunei</a><a href="#cite_note-Share_of_the_urban_population_in_Brunei_from_2012_to_2021-148">[148]</a><a href="#cite_note-Brunei_Urban_Population_1960-2023-149">[149]</a></td> <td></td> <td style="text-align:right;">78.3%</td> <td style="text-align:right;">21.8% </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="4"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Flag_of_Indonesia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Indonesia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Flag_of_Indonesia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Indonesia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Flag_of_Indonesia.svg/45px-Flag_of_Indonesia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Indonesia" title="Indonesia">Indonesia</a> (<a href="/wiki/Kalimantan" title="Kalimantan">Kalimantan</a>)<a href="#cite_note-Persentase_Penduduk_Daerah_Perkotaan_menurut_Provinsi,_2010-2035-150">[150]</a></td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Flag_of_East_Kalimantan.svg/22px-Flag_of_East_Kalimantan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Flag_of_East_Kalimantan.svg/33px-Flag_of_East_Kalimantan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Flag_of_East_Kalimantan.svg/43px-Flag_of_East_Kalimantan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="1050" /> <a href="/wiki/East_Kalimantan" title="East Kalimantan">East Kalimantan</a> <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/Flag_of_North_Kalimantan.svg/22px-Flag_of_North_Kalimantan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/Flag_of_North_Kalimantan.svg/33px-Flag_of_North_Kalimantan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/Flag_of_North_Kalimantan.svg/43px-Flag_of_North_Kalimantan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="358" /> <a href="/wiki/North_Kalimantan" title="North Kalimantan">North Kalimantan</a><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1041539562">c</td> <td style="text-align:right;">68.9%</td> <td style="text-align:right;">31.1% </td></tr> <tr> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/Flag_of_South_Kalimantan.svg/22px-Flag_of_South_Kalimantan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/Flag_of_South_Kalimantan.svg/33px-Flag_of_South_Kalimantan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/Flag_of_South_Kalimantan.svg/43px-Flag_of_South_Kalimantan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="358" /> <a href="/wiki/South_Kalimantan" title="South Kalimantan">South Kalimantan</a></td> <td style="text-align:right;">48.4%</td> <td style="text-align:right;">51.6% </td></tr> <tr> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_Central_Kalimantan.svg/22px-Flag_of_Central_Kalimantan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_Central_Kalimantan.svg/33px-Flag_of_Central_Kalimantan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_Central_Kalimantan.svg/43px-Flag_of_Central_Kalimantan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="358" /> <a href="/wiki/Central_Kalimantan" title="Central Kalimantan">Central Kalimantan</a></td> <td style="text-align:right;">40.2%</td> <td style="text-align:right;">59.8% </td></tr> <tr> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Flag_of_West_Kalimantan.svg/22px-Flag_of_West_Kalimantan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Flag_of_West_Kalimantan.svg/33px-Flag_of_West_Kalimantan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Flag_of_West_Kalimantan.svg/43px-Flag_of_West_Kalimantan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="1050" /> <a href="/wiki/West_Kalimantan" title="West Kalimantan">West Kalimantan</a></td> <td style="text-align:right;">36.2%</td> <td style="text-align:right;">63.8% </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="3"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Flag_of_Malaysia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Malaysia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Flag_of_Malaysia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Malaysia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Flag_of_Malaysia.svg/46px-Flag_of_Malaysia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Malaysia" title="Malaysia">Malaysia</a> (<a href="/wiki/East_Malaysia" title="East Malaysia">East Malaysia</a>)<a href="#cite_note-Key_Findings_of_Population_and_Housing_Census_of_Malaysia_2020:_Urban_and_Rural-151">[151]</a><a href="#cite_note-Population_Distribution_and_Basic_Demographic_Characteristic_Report_2010_(Updated:_05/08/2011)-152">[152]</a></td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/Flag_of_Sabah.svg/23px-Flag_of_Sabah.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/Flag_of_Sabah.svg/35px-Flag_of_Sabah.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/Flag_of_Sabah.svg/46px-Flag_of_Sabah.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Sabah" title="Sabah">Sabah</a></td> <td style="text-align:right;">54.7%</td> <td style="text-align:right;">45.3% </td></tr> <tr> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7e/Flag_of_Sarawak.svg/23px-Flag_of_Sarawak.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7e/Flag_of_Sarawak.svg/35px-Flag_of_Sarawak.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7e/Flag_of_Sarawak.svg/46px-Flag_of_Sarawak.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Sarawak" title="Sarawak">Sarawak</a></td> <td style="text-align:right;">57.0%</td> <td style="text-align:right;">43.0% </td></tr> <tr> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/Flag_of_Labuan.svg/23px-Flag_of_Labuan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/Flag_of_Labuan.svg/35px-Flag_of_Labuan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/Flag_of_Labuan.svg/46px-Flag_of_Labuan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="450" /> <a href="/wiki/Labuan" title="Labuan">Labuan</a></td> <td style="text-align:right;">88.9%</td> <td style="text-align:right;">11.1% </td></tr></tbody></table> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1041539562">c Data based on the projection in the former territories in East Kalimantan Province (prior to the separation of North Kalimantan in 2012) <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Major_ethnicities_by_region">Major ethnicities by region</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Borneo&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Major ethnicities by region">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Young_Dayak_dancers,_Samarinda,_Indonesia.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/Young_Dayak_dancers%2C_Samarinda%2C_Indonesia.jpg/220px-Young_Dayak_dancers%2C_Samarinda%2C_Indonesia.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/Young_Dayak_dancers%2C_Samarinda%2C_Indonesia.jpg/330px-Young_Dayak_dancers%2C_Samarinda%2C_Indonesia.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/Young_Dayak_dancers%2C_Samarinda%2C_Indonesia.jpg/440px-Young_Dayak_dancers%2C_Samarinda%2C_Indonesia.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2309" data-file-height="1732" /></a><figcaption>Young <a href="/wiki/Dayak_people" title="Dayak people">Dayak</a> dancers in their traditional clothes, Pampang Cultural Village, <a href="/wiki/Samarinda" title="Samarinda">Samarinda</a>, <a href="/wiki/East_Kalimantan" title="East Kalimantan">East Kalimantan</a>, Indonesia</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Baju_Melayu.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Baju_Melayu.jpg/220px-Baju_Melayu.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="188" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Baju_Melayu.jpg/330px-Baju_Melayu.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Baju_Melayu.jpg/440px-Baju_Melayu.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1519" data-file-height="1296" /></a><figcaption>A group of <a href="/wiki/Brunei" title="Brunei">Bruneian</a> men in <a href="/wiki/Baju_Melayu" title="Baju Melayu">Baju Melayu</a>, the ethnic Malays of Borneo are primarily inhabited the coastal areas of the island</figcaption></figure> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th rowspan="2">Country </th> <th rowspan="2">Province/state </th> <th colspan="2">Major ethnic groups<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1041539562">d </th></tr> <tr> <th>Indigenous </th> <th>Non-indigenous </th></tr> <tr> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_Brunei.svg/23px-Flag_of_Brunei.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_Brunei.svg/35px-Flag_of_Brunei.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_Brunei.svg/46px-Flag_of_Brunei.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1440" data-file-height="720" /> <a href="/wiki/Brunei" title="Brunei">Brunei</a></td> <td></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Bisaya_(Borneo)" title="Bisaya (Borneo)">Bisaya</a>, <a href="/wiki/Dusun_people" title="Dusun people">Dusun</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kedayan" title="Kedayan">Kedayan</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bruneian_Malays" title="Bruneian Malays">Malay</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ethnic_Chinese_in_Brunei" title="Ethnic Chinese in Brunei">Chinese</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="5"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Flag_of_Indonesia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Indonesia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Flag_of_Indonesia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Indonesia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Flag_of_Indonesia.svg/45px-Flag_of_Indonesia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Indonesia" title="Indonesia">Indonesia</a> (<a href="/wiki/Kalimantan" title="Kalimantan">Kalimantan</a>)</td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/Flag_of_North_Kalimantan.svg/22px-Flag_of_North_Kalimantan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/Flag_of_North_Kalimantan.svg/33px-Flag_of_North_Kalimantan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/Flag_of_North_Kalimantan.svg/43px-Flag_of_North_Kalimantan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="358" /> <a href="/wiki/North_Kalimantan" title="North Kalimantan">North Kalimantan</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Sama-Bajau" title="Sama-Bajau">Bajau</a>, Bulungan, <a href="/wiki/Dayak_people" title="Dayak people">Dayak</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tidung_people" title="Tidung people">Tidung</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Bugis" title="Bugis">Bugis</a>, <a href="/wiki/Javanese_people" title="Javanese people">Javanese</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Flag_of_East_Kalimantan.svg/22px-Flag_of_East_Kalimantan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Flag_of_East_Kalimantan.svg/33px-Flag_of_East_Kalimantan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Flag_of_East_Kalimantan.svg/43px-Flag_of_East_Kalimantan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="1050" /> <a href="/wiki/East_Kalimantan" title="East Kalimantan">East Kalimantan</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Banjar_people" title="Banjar people">Banjarese</a>, <a href="/wiki/Berau_Malays" title="Berau Malays">Berau</a>, <a href="/wiki/Dayak_people" title="Dayak people">Dayak</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kutai#The_Kutai_People" title="Kutai">Kutai</a>, Paser </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Bugis" title="Bugis">Bugis</a>, <a href="/wiki/Javanese_people" title="Javanese people">Javanese</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/Flag_of_South_Kalimantan.svg/22px-Flag_of_South_Kalimantan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/Flag_of_South_Kalimantan.svg/33px-Flag_of_South_Kalimantan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/Flag_of_South_Kalimantan.svg/43px-Flag_of_South_Kalimantan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="358" /> <a href="/wiki/South_Kalimantan" title="South Kalimantan">South Kalimantan</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Banjar_people" title="Banjar people">Banjarese</a>, <a href="/wiki/Dayak_people" title="Dayak people">Dayak</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Bugis" title="Bugis">Bugis</a>, <a href="/wiki/Javanese_people" title="Javanese people">Javanese</a>, <a href="/wiki/Madurese_people" title="Madurese people">Madurese</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_Central_Kalimantan.svg/22px-Flag_of_Central_Kalimantan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_Central_Kalimantan.svg/33px-Flag_of_Central_Kalimantan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_Central_Kalimantan.svg/43px-Flag_of_Central_Kalimantan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="358" /> <a href="/wiki/Central_Kalimantan" title="Central Kalimantan">Central Kalimantan</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Banjar_people" title="Banjar people">Banjarese</a>, <a href="/wiki/Dayak_people" title="Dayak people">Dayak</a>, <a href="/wiki/Malays_(ethnic_group)" title="Malays (ethnic group)">Malay</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Javanese_people" title="Javanese people">Javanese</a>, <a href="/wiki/Madurese_people" title="Madurese people">Madurese</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Flag_of_West_Kalimantan.svg/22px-Flag_of_West_Kalimantan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Flag_of_West_Kalimantan.svg/33px-Flag_of_West_Kalimantan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Flag_of_West_Kalimantan.svg/43px-Flag_of_West_Kalimantan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="1050" /> <a href="/wiki/West_Kalimantan" title="West Kalimantan">West Kalimantan</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Dayak_people" title="Dayak people">Dayak</a>, <a href="/wiki/Malays_(ethnic_group)" title="Malays (ethnic group)">Malay</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Chinese_Indonesians" title="Chinese Indonesians">Chinese</a>, <a href="/wiki/Javanese_people" title="Javanese people">Javanese</a>, <a href="/wiki/Madurese_people" title="Madurese people">Madurese</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="3"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Flag_of_Malaysia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Malaysia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Flag_of_Malaysia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Malaysia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Flag_of_Malaysia.svg/46px-Flag_of_Malaysia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Malaysia" title="Malaysia">Malaysia</a> (<a href="/wiki/East_Malaysia" title="East Malaysia">East Malaysia</a>)</td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/Flag_of_Sabah.svg/23px-Flag_of_Sabah.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/Flag_of_Sabah.svg/35px-Flag_of_Sabah.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/Flag_of_Sabah.svg/46px-Flag_of_Sabah.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Sabah" title="Sabah">Sabah</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Sama-Bajau" title="Sama-Bajau">Bajau</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kadazan-Dusun" title="Kadazan-Dusun">Kadazan-Dusun</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bruneian_Malays" title="Bruneian Malays">Malay</a>, <a href="/wiki/Murut_people" title="Murut people">Murut</a>, <a href="/wiki/Rungus" class="mw-redirect" title="Rungus">Rungus</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sulu_people" class="mw-redirect" title="Sulu people">Suluk</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Bugis" title="Bugis">Bugis</a>, <a href="/wiki/Chinese_Indonesians" title="Chinese Indonesians">Chinese</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7e/Flag_of_Sarawak.svg/23px-Flag_of_Sarawak.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7e/Flag_of_Sarawak.svg/35px-Flag_of_Sarawak.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7e/Flag_of_Sarawak.svg/46px-Flag_of_Sarawak.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Sarawak" title="Sarawak">Sarawak</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Bidayuh" title="Bidayuh">Bidayuh</a>, <a href="/wiki/Iban_people" title="Iban people">Iban</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sarawakian_Malay_people" class="mw-redirect" title="Sarawakian Malay people">Malay</a>, <a href="/wiki/Melanau_people" title="Melanau people">Melanau</a>, <a href="/wiki/Orang_Ulu" title="Orang Ulu">Orang Ulu</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Malaysian_Chinese" title="Malaysian Chinese">Chinese</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/Flag_of_Labuan.svg/23px-Flag_of_Labuan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/Flag_of_Labuan.svg/35px-Flag_of_Labuan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/Flag_of_Labuan.svg/46px-Flag_of_Labuan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="450" /> <a href="/wiki/Labuan" title="Labuan">Labuan</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Sama-Bajau" title="Sama-Bajau">Bajau</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kadazan-Dusun" title="Kadazan-Dusun">Kadazan-Dusun</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kedayan" title="Kedayan">Kedayan</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bruneian_Malays" title="Bruneian Malays">Malay</a>, <a href="/wiki/Murut_people" title="Murut people">Murut</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Malaysian_Chinese" title="Malaysian Chinese">Chinese</a> </td></tr></tbody></table> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1041539562">d Based on alphabetical order <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Religion">Religion</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Borneo&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: Religion">edit</a>]</div> <table class="wikitable"> <caption>Religions based on regions </caption> <tbody><tr> <td><div class="PieChartTemplate thumb tright"><div class="thumbinner" style="width:202px"> <div class="mw-no-invert" style="background-color:white;margin:auto;position:relative;width:200px;height:200px;overflow:hidden;border-radius:100px;border:1px solid black;transform:scaleX(-1)rotate(-90deg)"> <div style="border:solid transparent;background-color:initial;position:absolute;width:100px;line-height:0;left:0; top:0; border-width:0 200px 200px 0; border-color:Black; z-index:-1"></div><div style="border:solid transparent;background-color:initial;position:absolute;width:100px;line-height:0;left:100px; top:100px; border-width:100px 0 0 307.76835371753px; border-left-color:Yellow"></div> <div style="position:absolute;line-height:0;border-style:solid;left:0;top:0;border-width:0 200px 100px 0;border-color:Yellow"></div> <div style="position:absolute;line-height:0;border-style:solid;left:0;top:0;border-width:0 100px 200px 0;border-color:Yellow"></div><div style="border:solid transparent;background-color:initial;position:absolute;width:100px;line-height:0;left:100px; top:100px; border-width:100px 0 0 106.48918403248px; border-left-color:Blue"></div> <div style="position:absolute;line-height:0;border-style:solid;left:0;top:0;border-width:0 200px 100px 0;border-color:Blue"></div> <div style="position:absolute;line-height:0;border-style:solid;left:0;top:0;border-width:0 100px 200px 0;border-color:Blue"></div><div style="border:solid transparent;background-color:initial;position:absolute;width:100px;line-height:0;left:100px; top:100px; border-width:100px 0 0 38.867781852942px; border-left-color:Green"></div> <div style="position:absolute;line-height:0;border-style:solid;left:0;top:0;border-width:0 200px 100px 0;border-color:Green"></div> <div style="position:absolute;line-height:0;border-style:solid;left:0;top:0;border-width:0 100px 200px 0;border-color:Green"></div> </div> <div class="thumbcaption"> Religion in Brunei (2016)<a href="#cite_note-153">[153]</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><div class="legend">  <a href="/wiki/Islam" title="Islam">Islam</a> (80.9%)</div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><div class="legend">  <a href="/wiki/Christianity" title="Christianity">Christianity</a> (7.1%)</div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><div class="legend">  <a href="/wiki/Buddhism" title="Buddhism">Buddhism</a> (7%)</div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><div class="legend">  Other (5%)</div> </div> </div></div> </td> <td> <div class="PieChartTemplate thumb tright"><div class="thumbinner" style="width:202px"> <div class="mw-no-invert" style="background-color:white;margin:auto;position:relative;width:200px;height:200px;overflow:hidden;border-radius:100px;border:1px solid black;transform:scaleX(-1)rotate(-90deg)"> <div style="border:solid transparent;background-color:initial;position:absolute;width:100px;line-height:0;left:0; top:0; border-width:0 200px 200px 0; border-color:Black; z-index:-1"></div><div style="border:solid transparent;background-color:initial;position:absolute;width:100px;line-height:0;left:100px; top:100px; border-width:100px 0 0 1221.5448675752px; border-left-color:DarkOrange"></div> <div style="position:absolute;line-height:0;border-style:solid;left:0;top:0;border-width:0 200px 100px 0;border-color:DarkOrange"></div> <div style="position:absolute;line-height:0;border-style:solid;left:0;top:0;border-width:0 100px 200px 0;border-color:DarkOrange"></div><div style="border:solid transparent;background-color:initial;position:absolute;width:100px;line-height:0;left:100px; top:100px; border-width:100px 0 0 1133.887355271px; border-left-color:White"></div> <div style="position:absolute;line-height:0;border-style:solid;left:0;top:0;border-width:0 200px 100px 0;border-color:White"></div> <div style="position:absolute;line-height:0;border-style:solid;left:0;top:0;border-width:0 100px 200px 0;border-color:White"></div><div style="border:solid transparent;background-color:initial;position:absolute;width:100px;line-height:0;left:100px; top:100px; border-width:100px 0 0 932.64236482217px; border-left-color:Yellow"></div> <div style="position:absolute;line-height:0;border-style:solid;left:0;top:0;border-width:0 200px 100px 0;border-color:Yellow"></div> <div style="position:absolute;line-height:0;border-style:solid;left:0;top:0;border-width:0 100px 200px 0;border-color:Yellow"></div><div style="border:solid transparent;background-color:initial;position:absolute;width:100px;line-height:0;left:100px; top:100px; border-width:100px 0 0 125.62719357843px; border-left-color:Blue"></div> <div style="position:absolute;line-height:0;border-style:solid;left:0;top:0;border-width:0 200px 100px 0;border-color:Blue"></div> <div style="position:absolute;line-height:0;border-style:solid;left:0;top:0;border-width:0 100px 200px 0;border-color:Blue"></div><div style="border:solid transparent;background-color:initial;position:absolute;width:100px;line-height:0;right:100px; top:100px; border-width:11.909716009487px 99.288260456981px 0 0; border-top-color:Green"></div> <div style="position:absolute;line-height:0;border-style:solid;left:0;top:0;border-width:0 200px 100px 0;border-color:Green"></div> </div> <div class="thumbcaption"> Religion in Malaysian Borneo (2020)<a href="#cite_note-2020KF-154">[154]</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><div class="legend">  <a href="/wiki/Islam" title="Islam">Islam</a> (51.9%)</div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><div class="legend">  <a href="/wiki/Christianity" title="Christianity">Christianity</a> (37.4%)</div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><div class="legend">  <a href="/wiki/Buddhism" title="Buddhism">Buddhism</a> (9.0%)</div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><div class="legend">  <a href="/wiki/Confucianism" title="Confucianism">Confucianism</a> and others (0.3%)</div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><div class="legend">  <a href="/wiki/Hinduism" title="Hinduism">Hinduism</a> (0.1%)</div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><div class="legend">  No religion (1.3%)</div> </div> </div></div> </td> <td> <div class="PieChartTemplate thumb tright"><div class="thumbinner" style="width:202px"> <div class="mw-no-invert" style="background-color:white;margin:auto;position:relative;width:200px;height:200px;overflow:hidden;border-radius:100px;border:1px solid black;transform:scaleX(-1)rotate(-90deg)"> <div style="border:solid transparent;background-color:initial;position:absolute;width:100px;line-height:0;left:100px; top:100px; border-width:100px 0 0 159154.92214786px; border-left-color:Black"></div> <div style="position:absolute;line-height:0;border-style:solid;left:0;top:0;border-width:0 200px 100px 0;border-color:Black"></div> <div style="position:absolute;line-height:0;border-style:solid;left:0;top:0;border-width:0 100px 200px 0;border-color:Black"></div><div style="border:solid transparent;background-color:initial;position:absolute;width:100px;line-height:0;left:100px; top:100px; border-width:100px 0 0 22736.273833856px; border-left-color:Red"></div> <div style="position:absolute;line-height:0;border-style:solid;left:0;top:0;border-width:0 200px 100px 0;border-color:Red"></div> <div style="position:absolute;line-height:0;border-style:solid;left:0;top:0;border-width:0 100px 200px 0;border-color:Red"></div><div style="border:solid transparent;background-color:initial;position:absolute;width:100px;line-height:0;left:100px; top:100px; border-width:100px 0 0 9361.6994261184px; border-left-color:DarkOrange"></div> <div style="position:absolute;line-height:0;border-style:solid;left:0;top:0;border-width:0 200px 100px 0;border-color:DarkOrange"></div> <div style="position:absolute;line-height:0;border-style:solid;left:0;top:0;border-width:0 100px 200px 0;border-color:DarkOrange"></div><div style="border:solid transparent;background-color:initial;position:absolute;width:100px;line-height:0;left:100px; top:100px; border-width:100px 0 0 1270.6204736175px; border-left-color:Yellow"></div> <div style="position:absolute;line-height:0;border-style:solid;left:0;top:0;border-width:0 200px 100px 0;border-color:Yellow"></div> <div style="position:absolute;line-height:0;border-style:solid;left:0;top:0;border-width:0 100px 200px 0;border-color:Yellow"></div><div style="border:solid transparent;background-color:initial;position:absolute;width:100px;line-height:0;left:100px; top:100px; border-width:100px 0 0 492.21923412916px; border-left-color:Purple"></div> <div style="position:absolute;line-height:0;border-style:solid;left:0;top:0;border-width:0 200px 100px 0;border-color:Purple"></div> <div style="position:absolute;line-height:0;border-style:solid;left:0;top:0;border-width:0 100px 200px 0;border-color:Purple"></div><div style="border:solid transparent;background-color:initial;position:absolute;width:100px;line-height:0;left:100px; top:100px; border-width:100px 0 0 102.80353336285px; border-left-color:Blue"></div> <div style="position:absolute;line-height:0;border-style:solid;left:0;top:0;border-width:0 200px 100px 0;border-color:Blue"></div> <div style="position:absolute;line-height:0;border-style:solid;left:0;top:0;border-width:0 100px 200px 0;border-color:Blue"></div><div style="border:solid transparent;background-color:initial;position:absolute;width:100px;line-height:0;left:100px; top:100px; border-width:100px 0 0 21.825466658708px; border-left-color:Green"></div> <div style="position:absolute;line-height:0;border-style:solid;left:0;top:0;border-width:0 200px 100px 0;border-color:Green"></div> <div style="position:absolute;line-height:0;border-style:solid;left:0;top:0;border-width:0 100px 200px 0;border-color:Green"></div> </div> <div class="thumbcaption"> Religion in Indonesian Borneo (December 2023)<a href="#cite_note-155">[155]</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><div class="legend">  <a href="/wiki/Islam" title="Islam">Islam</a> (78.42%)</div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><div class="legend">  <a href="/wiki/Protestantism" title="Protestantism">Protestantism</a> (9.30%)</div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><div class="legend">  <a href="/wiki/Roman_Catholic" class="mw-redirect" title="Roman Catholic">Roman Catholic</a> (9.09%)</div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><div class="legend">  <a href="/wiki/Buddhism" title="Buddhism">Buddhism</a> (1.94%)</div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><div class="legend">  <a href="/wiki/Hinduism" title="Hinduism">Hinduism</a> (1.08%)</div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><div class="legend">  <a href="/wiki/Confucianism" title="Confucianism">Confucianism</a> (0.1%)</div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><div class="legend">  <a href="/wiki/Folk_religion" title="Folk religion">Folk religion</a> (0.06%)</div> </div> </div></div> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Administration">Administration</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Borneo&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: Administration">edit</a>]</div> The island of Borneo is divided administratively by three countries. <ul><li>The independent <a href="/wiki/Sultanate" class="mw-redirect" title="Sultanate">sultanate</a> of <a href="/wiki/Brunei" title="Brunei">Brunei</a> (main part and eastern exclave of <a href="/wiki/Temburong_District" title="Temburong District">Temburong</a>)</li> <li>The <a href="/wiki/Indonesia" title="Indonesia">Indonesian</a> <a href="/wiki/Provinces_of_Indonesia" title="Provinces of Indonesia">provinces</a> of <a href="/wiki/East_Kalimantan" title="East Kalimantan">East</a>, <a href="/wiki/South_Kalimantan" title="South Kalimantan">South</a>, <a href="/wiki/West_Kalimantan" title="West Kalimantan">West</a>, <a href="/wiki/North_Kalimantan" title="North Kalimantan">North</a> and <a href="/wiki/Central_Kalimantan" title="Central Kalimantan">Central Kalimantan</a>, in <a href="/wiki/Kalimantan" title="Kalimantan">Kalimantan</a></li> <li>The <a href="/wiki/East_Malaysia" title="East Malaysia">East Malaysian</a> <a href="/wiki/States_of_Malaysia" class="mw-redirect" title="States of Malaysia">states</a> of <a href="/wiki/Sabah" title="Sabah">Sabah</a> and <a href="/wiki/Sarawak" title="Sarawak">Sarawak</a>, as well as the <a href="/wiki/Federal_Territory_(Malaysia)" class="mw-redirect" title="Federal Territory (Malaysia)">Federal Territory</a> of <a href="/wiki/Labuan" title="Labuan">Labuan</a> (on offshore islands nearby)</li></ul> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Borneo2_map_english_names.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/Borneo2_map_english_names.svg/220px-Borneo2_map_english_names.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="245" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/Borneo2_map_english_names.svg/330px-Borneo2_map_english_names.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/Borneo2_map_english_names.svg/440px-Borneo2_map_english_names.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1063" data-file-height="1183" /></a><figcaption>Political divisions of Borneo</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Economy">Economy</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Borneo&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: Economy">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Seria_Oil_Refinery.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/Seria_Oil_Refinery.jpg/220px-Seria_Oil_Refinery.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/Seria_Oil_Refinery.jpg/330px-Seria_Oil_Refinery.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/Seria_Oil_Refinery.jpg/440px-Seria_Oil_Refinery.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3619" data-file-height="2714" /></a><figcaption>Seria Oil Refinery, Brunei Darussalam</figcaption></figure> Borneo's economy depends mainly on agriculture, logging and mining, <a href="/wiki/Crude_oil" class="mw-redirect" title="Crude oil">oil</a> and gas, and <a href="/wiki/Ecotourism" title="Ecotourism">ecotourism</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Borneo_economy-156">[156]</a> Brunei's economy is highly dependent on the oil and gas production sector, and the country has become one of the largest oil producers in Southeast Asia. The Malaysian states of Sabah and Sarawak are both top exporters of <a href="/wiki/Lumber" title="Lumber">timber</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Borneo_economy-156">[156]</a> Sabah is also known as the agricultural producer of <a href="/wiki/Natural_rubber" title="Natural rubber">rubber</a>, <a href="/wiki/Theobroma_cacao" title="Theobroma cacao">cacao</a>, and vegetables, and for its fisheries, while Sabah, Sarawak and Labuan export <a href="/wiki/Liquefied_natural_gas" title="Liquefied natural gas">liquefied natural gas</a> (LNG) and petroleum. The Indonesian provinces of Kalimantan are mostly dependent on <a href="/wiki/Mining" title="Mining">mining</a> sectors despite also being involved in logging and oil and gas explorations.<a href="#cite_note-Borneo_economy-156">[156]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="List_of_territories_by_GDP/GRP_2023">List of territories by GDP/GRP 2023</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Borneo&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: List of territories by GDP/GRP 2023">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Further information: <a href="/wiki/List_of_Indonesian_provinces_by_GDP" title="List of Indonesian provinces by GDP">List of Indonesian provinces by GDP</a>, <a href="/wiki/List_of_Indonesian_provinces_by_GRP_per_capita" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Indonesian provinces by GRP per capita">List of Indonesian provinces by GRP per capita</a>, and <a href="/wiki/List_of_Malaysian_states_by_GDP" title="List of Malaysian states by GDP">List of Malaysian states by GDP</a></div> <table class="wikitable sortable"> <tbody><tr> <th rowspan="2">Country </th> <th rowspan="2">Province/state </th> <th style="background-color:#" data-sort-type="number"><a href="/wiki/GDP" class="mw-redirect" title="GDP">GDP</a> nominal billion </th> <th style="background-color:#" data-sort-type="number">Territorial <a href="/wiki/GDP" class="mw-redirect" title="GDP">GDP</a> </th> <th style="background-color:#" data-sort-type="number">GDP/<a href="/wiki/Gross_regional_product" class="mw-redirect" title="Gross regional product">GRP</a> per capita </th> <th style="background-color:#" data-sort-type="number">Territorial per capita </th></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_Brunei.svg/23px-Flag_of_Brunei.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_Brunei.svg/35px-Flag_of_Brunei.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_Brunei.svg/46px-Flag_of_Brunei.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1440" data-file-height="720" /> <a href="/wiki/Brunei" title="Brunei">Brunei</a><a href="#cite_note-Share_of_the_urban_population_in_Brunei_from_2012_to_2021-148">[148]</a><a href="#cite_note-Brunei_Urban_Population_1960-2023-149">[149]</a></td> <td colspan="2" style="text-align:right;"><a href="/wiki/USD" class="mw-redirect" title="USD">US$</a> 15.126</td> <td colspan="2" style="text-align:right;"><a href="/wiki/USD" class="mw-redirect" title="USD">US$</a> 33,576 </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="5"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Flag_of_Indonesia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Indonesia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Flag_of_Indonesia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Indonesia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Flag_of_Indonesia.svg/45px-Flag_of_Indonesia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Indonesia" title="Indonesia">Indonesia</a> (<a href="/wiki/Kalimantan" title="Kalimantan">Kalimantan</a>)<a href="#cite_note-Persentase_Penduduk_Daerah_Perkotaan_menurut_Provinsi,_2010-2035-150">[150]</a></td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/Flag_of_North_Kalimantan.svg/22px-Flag_of_North_Kalimantan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/Flag_of_North_Kalimantan.svg/33px-Flag_of_North_Kalimantan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/Flag_of_North_Kalimantan.svg/43px-Flag_of_North_Kalimantan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="358" /> <a href="/wiki/North_Kalimantan" title="North Kalimantan">North Kalimantan</a></td> <td style="text-align:right;"><a href="/wiki/USD" class="mw-redirect" title="USD">US$</a> 9.662</td> <td rowspan="5" style="text-align:right;"><a href="/wiki/USD" class="mw-redirect" title="USD">US$</a> 114.383</td> <td style="text-align:right;"><a href="/wiki/USD" class="mw-redirect" title="USD">US$</a> 13,236</td> <td rowspan="5" style="text-align:right;"><a href="/wiki/USD" class="mw-redirect" title="USD">US$</a> 6,627 </td></tr> <tr> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Flag_of_East_Kalimantan.svg/22px-Flag_of_East_Kalimantan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Flag_of_East_Kalimantan.svg/33px-Flag_of_East_Kalimantan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Flag_of_East_Kalimantan.svg/43px-Flag_of_East_Kalimantan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="1050" /> <a href="/wiki/East_Kalimantan" title="East Kalimantan">East Kalimantan</a></td> <td style="text-align:right;"><a href="/wiki/USD" class="mw-redirect" title="USD">US$</a> 55.344</td> <td style="text-align:right;"><a href="/wiki/USD" class="mw-redirect" title="USD">US$</a> 14,155 </td></tr> <tr> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/Flag_of_South_Kalimantan.svg/22px-Flag_of_South_Kalimantan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/Flag_of_South_Kalimantan.svg/33px-Flag_of_South_Kalimantan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/Flag_of_South_Kalimantan.svg/43px-Flag_of_South_Kalimantan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="358" /> <a href="/wiki/South_Kalimantan" title="South Kalimantan">South Kalimantan</a></td> <td style="text-align:right;"><a href="/wiki/USD" class="mw-redirect" title="USD">US$</a> 17.668</td> <td style="text-align:right;"><a href="/wiki/USD" class="mw-redirect" title="USD">US$</a> 4,184 </td></tr> <tr> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_Central_Kalimantan.svg/22px-Flag_of_Central_Kalimantan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_Central_Kalimantan.svg/33px-Flag_of_Central_Kalimantan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_Central_Kalimantan.svg/43px-Flag_of_Central_Kalimantan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="358" /> <a href="/wiki/Central_Kalimantan" title="Central Kalimantan">Central Kalimantan</a></td> <td style="text-align:right;"><a href="/wiki/USD" class="mw-redirect" title="USD">US$</a> 13.702</td> <td style="text-align:right;"><a href="/wiki/USD" class="mw-redirect" title="USD">US$</a> 4,940 </td></tr> <tr> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Flag_of_West_Kalimantan.svg/22px-Flag_of_West_Kalimantan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Flag_of_West_Kalimantan.svg/33px-Flag_of_West_Kalimantan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Flag_of_West_Kalimantan.svg/43px-Flag_of_West_Kalimantan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="1050" /> <a href="/wiki/West_Kalimantan" title="West Kalimantan">West Kalimantan</a></td> <td style="text-align:right;"><a href="/wiki/USD" class="mw-redirect" title="USD">US$</a> 18.007</td> <td style="text-align:right;"><a href="/wiki/USD" class="mw-redirect" title="USD">US$</a> 3,202 </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="3"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Flag_of_Malaysia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Malaysia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Flag_of_Malaysia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Malaysia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Flag_of_Malaysia.svg/46px-Flag_of_Malaysia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Malaysia" title="Malaysia">Malaysia</a> (<a href="/wiki/East_Malaysia" title="East Malaysia">East Malaysia</a>)<a href="#cite_note-Key_Findings_of_Population_and_Housing_Census_of_Malaysia_2020:_Urban_and_Rural-151">[151]</a><a href="#cite_note-Population_Distribution_and_Basic_Demographic_Characteristic_Report_2010_(Updated:_05/08/2011)-152">[152]</a></td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/Flag_of_Sabah.svg/23px-Flag_of_Sabah.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/Flag_of_Sabah.svg/35px-Flag_of_Sabah.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/Flag_of_Sabah.svg/46px-Flag_of_Sabah.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Sabah" title="Sabah">Sabah</a></td> <td style="text-align:right;"><a href="/wiki/USD" class="mw-redirect" title="USD">US$</a> 24.534</td> <td rowspan="3" style="text-align:right;"><a href="/wiki/USD" class="mw-redirect" title="USD">US$</a> 57.565</td> <td style="text-align:right;"><a href="/wiki/USD" class="mw-redirect" title="USD">US$</a> 6,828</td> <td rowspan="3" style="text-align:right;"><a href="/wiki/USD" class="mw-redirect" title="USD">US$</a> 8,649 </td></tr> <tr> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7e/Flag_of_Sarawak.svg/23px-Flag_of_Sarawak.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7e/Flag_of_Sarawak.svg/35px-Flag_of_Sarawak.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7e/Flag_of_Sarawak.svg/46px-Flag_of_Sarawak.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Sarawak" title="Sarawak">Sarawak</a></td> <td style="text-align:right;"><a href="/wiki/USD" class="mw-redirect" title="USD">US$</a> 31.209</td> <td style="text-align:right;"><a href="/wiki/USD" class="mw-redirect" title="USD">US$</a> 15,875 </td></tr> <tr> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/Flag_of_Labuan.svg/23px-Flag_of_Labuan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/Flag_of_Labuan.svg/35px-Flag_of_Labuan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/Flag_of_Labuan.svg/46px-Flag_of_Labuan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="450" /> <a href="/wiki/Labuan" title="Labuan">Labuan</a></td> <td style="text-align:right;"><a href="/wiki/USD" class="mw-redirect" title="USD">US$</a> 1.822</td> <td style="text-align:right;"><a href="/wiki/USD" class="mw-redirect" title="USD">US$</a> 18,327 </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Human_Development_Index_by_territory">Human Development Index by territory</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Borneo&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section: Human Development Index by territory">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Further information: <a href="/wiki/List_of_Indonesian_provinces_by_Human_Development_Index" title="List of Indonesian provinces by Human Development Index">List of Indonesian provinces by Human Development Index</a> and <a href="/wiki/List_of_Malaysian_states_by_Human_Development_Index" title="List of Malaysian states by Human Development Index">List of Malaysian states by Human Development Index</a></div> <a href="/wiki/HDI" class="mw-redirect" title="HDI">HDI</a> is a statistic of combined indicators that takes into account <a href="/wiki/Life_expectancy" title="Life expectancy">life expectancy</a>, <a href="/wiki/Health" title="Health">health</a>, <a href="/wiki/Education" title="Education">education</a> and per-capita income. <table class="wikitable sortable"> <tbody><tr> <th>Country </th> <th>Province/state </th> <th><a href="/wiki/HDI" class="mw-redirect" title="HDI">HDI</a> score </th> <th>Country comparison </th></tr> <tr> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_Brunei.svg/23px-Flag_of_Brunei.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_Brunei.svg/35px-Flag_of_Brunei.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_Brunei.svg/46px-Flag_of_Brunei.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1440" data-file-height="720" /> <a href="/wiki/Brunei" title="Brunei">Brunei</a></td> <td></td> <td align="center" bgcolor="#00C400">0.829 (2022)</td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Flag_of_Kuwait.svg/23px-Flag_of_Kuwait.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Flag_of_Kuwait.svg/35px-Flag_of_Kuwait.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Flag_of_Kuwait.svg/46px-Flag_of_Kuwait.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Kuwait" title="Kuwait">Kuwait</a> (0.831) </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="5"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Flag_of_Indonesia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Indonesia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Flag_of_Indonesia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Indonesia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Flag_of_Indonesia.svg/45px-Flag_of_Indonesia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Indonesia" title="Indonesia">Indonesia</a> (<a href="/wiki/Kalimantan" title="Kalimantan">Kalimantan</a>)</td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/Flag_of_North_Kalimantan.svg/22px-Flag_of_North_Kalimantan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/Flag_of_North_Kalimantan.svg/33px-Flag_of_North_Kalimantan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/Flag_of_North_Kalimantan.svg/43px-Flag_of_North_Kalimantan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="358" /> <a href="/wiki/North_Kalimantan" title="North Kalimantan">North Kalimantan</a></td> <td align="center" bgcolor="#D3FF00">0.729 (2023)</td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Flag_of_Paraguay.svg/23px-Flag_of_Paraguay.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Flag_of_Paraguay.svg/35px-Flag_of_Paraguay.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Flag_of_Paraguay.svg/46px-Flag_of_Paraguay.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="660" /> <a href="/wiki/Paraguay" title="Paraguay">Paraguay</a> (0.717) </td></tr> <tr> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Flag_of_East_Kalimantan.svg/22px-Flag_of_East_Kalimantan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Flag_of_East_Kalimantan.svg/33px-Flag_of_East_Kalimantan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Flag_of_East_Kalimantan.svg/43px-Flag_of_East_Kalimantan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="1050" /> <a href="/wiki/East_Kalimantan" title="East Kalimantan">East Kalimantan</a></td> <td align="center" bgcolor="#00F900">0.782 (2023)</td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Flag_of_Iran.svg/23px-Flag_of_Iran.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Flag_of_Iran.svg/35px-Flag_of_Iran.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Flag_of_Iran.svg/46px-Flag_of_Iran.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="630" data-file-height="360" /> <a href="/wiki/Iran" title="Iran">Iran</a> (0.774) </td></tr> <tr> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/Flag_of_South_Kalimantan.svg/22px-Flag_of_South_Kalimantan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/Flag_of_South_Kalimantan.svg/33px-Flag_of_South_Kalimantan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/Flag_of_South_Kalimantan.svg/43px-Flag_of_South_Kalimantan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="358" /> <a href="/wiki/South_Kalimantan" title="South Kalimantan">South Kalimantan</a></td> <td align="center" bgcolor="#D3FF00">0.747 (2023)</td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Flag_of_Paraguay.svg/23px-Flag_of_Paraguay.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Flag_of_Paraguay.svg/35px-Flag_of_Paraguay.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Flag_of_Paraguay.svg/46px-Flag_of_Paraguay.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="660" /> <a href="/wiki/Paraguay" title="Paraguay">Paraguay</a> (0.717) </td></tr> <tr> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_Central_Kalimantan.svg/22px-Flag_of_Central_Kalimantan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_Central_Kalimantan.svg/33px-Flag_of_Central_Kalimantan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_Central_Kalimantan.svg/43px-Flag_of_Central_Kalimantan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="358" /> <a href="/wiki/Central_Kalimantan" title="Central Kalimantan">Central Kalimantan</a></td> <td align="center" bgcolor="#D3FF00">0.737 (2023)</td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Flag_of_Paraguay.svg/23px-Flag_of_Paraguay.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Flag_of_Paraguay.svg/35px-Flag_of_Paraguay.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Flag_of_Paraguay.svg/46px-Flag_of_Paraguay.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="660" /> <a href="/wiki/Paraguay" title="Paraguay">Paraguay</a> (0.717) </td></tr> <tr> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Flag_of_West_Kalimantan.svg/22px-Flag_of_West_Kalimantan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Flag_of_West_Kalimantan.svg/33px-Flag_of_West_Kalimantan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Flag_of_West_Kalimantan.svg/43px-Flag_of_West_Kalimantan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="1050" /> <a href="/wiki/West_Kalimantan" title="West Kalimantan">West Kalimantan</a></td> <td align="center" bgcolor="#D3FF00">0.705 (2023)</td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Flag_of_Iraq.svg/23px-Flag_of_Iraq.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Flag_of_Iraq.svg/35px-Flag_of_Iraq.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Flag_of_Iraq.svg/45px-Flag_of_Iraq.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Iraq" title="Iraq">Iraq</a> (0.686) </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="3"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Flag_of_Malaysia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Malaysia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Flag_of_Malaysia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Malaysia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Flag_of_Malaysia.svg/46px-Flag_of_Malaysia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Malaysia" title="Malaysia">Malaysia</a> (<a href="/wiki/East_Malaysia" title="East Malaysia">East Malaysia</a>)</td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/Flag_of_Sabah.svg/23px-Flag_of_Sabah.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/Flag_of_Sabah.svg/35px-Flag_of_Sabah.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/Flag_of_Sabah.svg/46px-Flag_of_Sabah.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Sabah" title="Sabah">Sabah</a></td> <td align="center" bgcolor="#00F900">0.772 (2022)</td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Flag_of_Iran.svg/23px-Flag_of_Iran.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Flag_of_Iran.svg/35px-Flag_of_Iran.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Flag_of_Iran.svg/46px-Flag_of_Iran.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="630" data-file-height="360" /> <a href="/wiki/Iran" title="Iran">Iran</a> (0.774) </td></tr> <tr> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7e/Flag_of_Sarawak.svg/23px-Flag_of_Sarawak.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7e/Flag_of_Sarawak.svg/35px-Flag_of_Sarawak.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7e/Flag_of_Sarawak.svg/46px-Flag_of_Sarawak.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Sarawak" title="Sarawak">Sarawak</a></td> <td align="center" bgcolor="#00C400">0.824 (2022)</td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/45px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Russia" title="Russia">Russia</a> (0.822) </td></tr> <tr> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/Flag_of_Labuan.svg/23px-Flag_of_Labuan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/Flag_of_Labuan.svg/35px-Flag_of_Labuan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/Flag_of_Labuan.svg/46px-Flag_of_Labuan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="450" /> <a href="/wiki/Labuan" title="Labuan">Labuan</a></td> <td align="center" bgcolor="#00C400">0.839 (2022)</td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Flag_of_Turkey.svg/23px-Flag_of_Turkey.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Flag_of_Turkey.svg/35px-Flag_of_Turkey.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Flag_of_Turkey.svg/45px-Flag_of_Turkey.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /> <a href="/wiki/Turkey" title="Turkey">Turkey</a> (0.838) </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Borneo&action=edit&section=23" title="Edit section: See also">edit</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239009302">.mw-parser-output .portalbox{padding:0;margin:0.5em 0;display:table;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:175px;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portalborder{border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);padding:0.1em;background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa)}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-entry{display:table-row;font-size:85%;line-height:110%;height:1.9em;font-style:italic;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-image{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-link{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em 0.2em 0.2em 0.3em;vertical-align:middle}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .portalleft{clear:left;float:left;margin:0.5em 1em 0.5em 0}.mw-parser-output .portalright{clear:right;float:right;margin:0.5em 0 0.5em 1em}}</style><ul role="navigation" aria-label="Portals" class="noprint portalbox portalborder portalright"> <li class="portalbox-entry"><a href="/wiki/File:Ic%C3%B4ne_Ile.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Ic%C3%B4ne_Ile.svg/28px-Ic%C3%B4ne_Ile.svg.png" decoding="async" width="28" height="28" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Ic%C3%B4ne_Ile.svg/42px-Ic%C3%B4ne_Ile.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Ic%C3%B4ne_Ile.svg/56px-Ic%C3%B4ne_Ile.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="200" data-file-height="200" /></a><a href="/wiki/Portal:Islands" title="Portal:Islands">Islands portal</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hikayat_Banjar" title="Hikayat Banjar">Hikayat Banjar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kutai_basin" class="mw-redirect" title="Kutai basin">Kutai basin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_islands_of_Indonesia" title="List of islands of Indonesia">List of islands of Indonesia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_islands_of_Malaysia" title="List of islands of Malaysia">List of islands of Malaysia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maphilindo" title="Maphilindo">Maphilindo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_bats_of_Borneo" title="List of bats of Borneo">List of bats of Borneo</a></li></ul> <style 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.portal-bar{font-size:88%;font-weight:bold;display:flex;flex-flow:column wrap;align-items:baseline}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-header{text-align:center;flex:0;padding-left:0.5em;margin:0 auto}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-related{font-size:100%;align-items:flex-start}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-content{display:flex;flex-flow:row wrap;align-items:center;flex:0;column-gap:1em;border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;margin:0 auto;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-content-related{border-top:none;margin:0;list-style:none}}.mw-parser-output .navbox+link+.portal-bar,.mw-parser-output .navbox+style+.portal-bar,.mw-parser-output .navbox+link+.portal-bar-bordered,.mw-parser-output .navbox+style+.portal-bar-bordered,.mw-parser-output .sister-bar+link+.portal-bar,.mw-parser-output .sister-bar+style+.portal-bar,.mw-parser-output .portal-bar+.navbox-styles+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .portal-bar+.navbox-styles+.sister-bar{margin-top:-1px}</style><div class="portal-bar noprint metadata noviewer portal-bar-bordered" role="navigation" aria-label="Portals"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Contents/Portals" title="Wikipedia:Contents/Portals">Portals</a>:<ul class="portal-bar-content"><li class="portal-bar-item"><img alt="flag" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Flag_of_Indonesia.svg/21px-Flag_of_Indonesia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="21" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Flag_of_Indonesia.svg/32px-Flag_of_Indonesia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Flag_of_Indonesia.svg/42px-Flag_of_Indonesia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Portal:Indonesia" title="Portal:Indonesia">Indonesia</a></li><li class="portal-bar-item"><img alt="flag" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Flag_of_Malaysia.svg/21px-Flag_of_Malaysia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="21" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Flag_of_Malaysia.svg/32px-Flag_of_Malaysia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Flag_of_Malaysia.svg/42px-Flag_of_Malaysia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Portal:Malaysia" title="Portal:Malaysia">Malaysia</a></li><li class="portal-bar-item"><a href="/wiki/File:Ic%C3%B4ne_Ile.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Ic%C3%B4ne_Ile.svg/19px-Ic%C3%B4ne_Ile.svg.png" decoding="async" width="19" height="19" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Ic%C3%B4ne_Ile.svg/29px-Ic%C3%B4ne_Ile.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Ic%C3%B4ne_Ile.svg/38px-Ic%C3%B4ne_Ile.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="200" data-file-height="200" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Portal:Islands" title="Portal:Islands">Islands</a></li></ul></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Borneo&action=edit&section=24" title="Edit section: References">edit</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-detik20-1">^ <a href="#cite_ref-detik20_1-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-detik20_1-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-detik20_1-2">c</a> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFSugianto" class="citation web cs1">Sugianto, Danang. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://finance.detik.com/berita-ekonomi-bisnis/d-5343868/sensus-penduduk-2020-selesai-begini-sebaran-masyarakat-ri-terbaru">"Sensus Penduduk 2020 Selesai, Begini Sebaran Masyarakat RI Terbaru"</a>. finance.detik.com. Retrieved 27 September 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=finance.detik.com&rft.atitle=Sensus+Penduduk+2020+Selesai%2C+Begini+Sebaran+Masyarakat+RI+Terbaru&rft.aulast=Sugianto&rft.aufirst=Danang&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ffinance.detik.com%2Fberita-ekonomi-bisnis%2Fd-5343868%2Fsensus-penduduk-2020-selesai-begini-sebaran-masyarakat-ri-terbaru&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABorneo" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-citypop-2">^ <a href="#cite_ref-citypop_2-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-citypop_2-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-citypop_2-2">c</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.citypopulation.de/Malaysia.html">Malaysia: Federal States, Territories, Districts, Major Cities, Urban Aras & Conurbations - Statistics & Maps on City Population</a>. Citypopulation.de (2013-05-20). Retrieved on 2013-07-12. </li> <li id="cite_note-auto-3">^ <a href="#cite_ref-auto_3-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-auto_3-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20141113202019/http://www.statistics.gov.my/portal/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=537&Itemid=111&lang=bm&negeri=W.P.Labuan">"W.P. Labuan Sepintas Lalu"</a>. statistics.gov.my. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://statistics.gov.my/portal/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=537&Itemid=111&lang=bm&negeri=W.P.Labuan">the original</a> on 13 November 2014. Retrieved 19 September 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=statistics.gov.my&rft.atitle=W.P.+Labuan+Sepintas+Lalu&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fstatistics.gov.my%2Fportal%2Findex.php%3Foption%3Dcom_content%26view%3Darticle%26id%3D537%26Itemid%3D111%26lang%3Dbm%26negeri%3DW.P.Labuan&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABorneo" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDonna_Marchetti1998" class="citation news cs1">Donna Marchetti (2 August 1998). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://mobile.nytimes.com/1998/08/02/travel/borneo-s-wild-side.html">"Borneo's Wild Side"</a>. The New York Times. Retrieved 20 June 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Borneo%27s+Wild+Side&rft.date=1998-08-02&rft.au=Donna+Marchetti&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fmobile.nytimes.com%2F1998%2F08%2F02%2Ftravel%2Fborneo-s-wild-side.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABorneo" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFChristoph_Friedrich_von_AmmonLeonhard_Bertholdt1817" class="citation book cs1">Christoph Friedrich von Ammon; Leonhard Bertholdt (1817). Kritisches Journal der neuesten theologischen Literatur, Volume 6. Nabu Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781273327414" title="Special:BookSources/9781273327414"><bdi>9781273327414</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Kritisches+Journal+der+neuesten+theologischen+Literatur%2C+Volume+6&rft.pub=Nabu+Press&rft.date=1817&rft.isbn=9781273327414&rft.au=Christoph+Friedrich+von+Ammon&rft.au=Leonhard+Bertholdt&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABorneo" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">"Notice historique du royaume Banjarmasin (Bornéo) par M. le Baron T. Van Capellen, lieutenant d'artillerie , aide-de-camp de S. Exc. le gouverneur-général des indes néerlandaises" [Historical record of the Banjarmasin Kingdom (Borneo) by Baron T. Van Capellen, lieutenant of artillery, aide-de-camp of His Excellency, the Governor General of the Dutch Indies]. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/bub_gb_UOb9lAFNBPEC">Le Moniteur des Indes-Orientales et Occidentales</a> [The Monitor of the East and West Indies] (in French). The Hague, Netherlands: Belinfant Brothers. 1847. pp. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/bub_gb_UOb9lAFNBPEC/page/n190">164</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Notice+historique+du+royaume+Banjarmasin+%28Born%C3%A9o%29+par+M.+le+Baron+T.+Van+Capellen%2C+lieutenant+d%27artillerie+%2C+aide-de-camp+de+S.+Exc.+le+gouverneur-g%C3%A9n%C3%A9ral+des+indes+n%C3%A9erlandaises&rft.btitle=Le+Moniteur+des+Indes-Orientales+et+Occidentales&rft.place=The+Hague%2C+Netherlands&rft.pages=164&rft.pub=Belinfant+Brothers&rft.date=1847&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fbub_gb_UOb9lAFNBPEC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABorneo" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=B48EAAAAQAAJ&q=Pulu+K%27lemantan+&pg=PA21">"A Discourse Delivered at a Meeting of the Society of Arts and Sciences in Batavia, on the Twenty-fourth day of April 1813, being the Anniversary of the Institution, by the Honorable Thomas Stamford Raffles, President."</a>. Verhandelingen van het Bataviaasch Genootschap, der Kunsten en Wetenschappen [Treatises of the Society of Arts and Sciences in Batavia]. Vol. 7. Batavia, Dutch East Indies: A. H. Hubbard. 1814. p. 21.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=A+Discourse+Delivered+at+a+Meeting+of+the+Society+of+Arts+and+Sciences+in+Batavia%2C+on+the+Twenty-fourth+day+of+April+1813%2C+being+the+Anniversary+of+the+Institution%2C+by+the+Honorable+Thomas+Stamford+Raffles%2C+President.&rft.btitle=Verhandelingen+van+het+Bataviaasch+Genootschap%2C+der+Kunsten+en+Wetenschappen&rft.place=Batavia%2C+Dutch+East+Indies&rft.pages=21&rft.pub=A.+H.+Hubbard&rft.date=1814&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DB48EAAAAQAAJ%26q%3DPulu%2BK%2527lemantan%2B%26pg%3DPA21&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABorneo" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMarine_Science2023" class="citation book cs1">Marine Science (8 October 2023). 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Mangifera pajang Kosterm., 1965. pp. 1–10. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1002%2F9783527678518.ehg2017006">10.1002/9783527678518.ehg2017006</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9783527678518" title="Special:BookSources/9783527678518"><bdi>9783527678518</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Mangifera+pajang%3CSCP%3EKosterm.%2C+1965%3C%2FSCP%3E&rft.btitle=Mangifera+pajang+Kosterm.%2C+1965&rft.pages=1-10&rft.date=2018&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1002%2F9783527678518.ehg2017006&rft.isbn=9783527678518&rft.aulast=Mojiol&rft.aufirst=Andy+Russel&rft.au=Sompud%2C+Jephte&rft.au=Lintangah%2C+Walter&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdoi.org%2F10.1002%2F9783527678518.ehg2017006&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABorneo" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://i.pinimg.com/originals/14/9f/6e/149f6e24326484c7f2004c1dc50cc6b2.jpg">"Kaart van het eiland Borneo, 1601, Benjamin Wright"</a>. 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Penguin Publishing Group. pp. 30–. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-101-47613-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-101-47613-0"><bdi>978-1-101-47613-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Ragged+Edge+of+the+World%3A+Encounters+at+the+Frontier+Where+Modernity%2C+Wildlands+and+Indigenous+Peoples+Meet&rft.pages=30-&rft.pub=Penguin+Publishing+Group&rft.date=2011-03-17&rft.isbn=978-1-101-47613-0&rft.au=Eugene+Linden&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Dh_x9e3LtUfYC%26pg%3DPT30&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABorneo" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://sanskritdictionary.com/?iencoding=iast&q=manthana&lang=sans&action=Search">"Sanskrit Dictionary"</a>. sanskritdictionary.com. 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Universiti Brunei Darussalam. pp. 48/29. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20221009/http://apb.ubd.edu.bn/wp-content/uploads/2016/09/Tradition-and-Identity-Construction.pdf">Archived</a> (PDF) from the original on 9 October 2022. 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Bulletin of the Geological Society of Malaysia, Royal Holloway University of London: 337. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://gsm.org.my/products/702001-100637-PDF.pdf">the original</a> (PDF) on 24 May 2019. 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Rowman & Littlefield. pp. 178–. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-389-20507-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-389-20507-4"><bdi>978-0-389-20507-4</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Biogeography%3A+Recent+Advances+and+Future+Directions&rft.pages=178-&rft.pub=Rowman+%26+Littlefield&rft.date=1984&rft.isbn=978-0-389-20507-4&rft.au=James+Allan+Taylor&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Dxz9dWjh_CAsC%26pg%3DPA178&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABorneo" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTeresa_Zubi2015" class="citation web cs1">Teresa Zubi (25 October 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170525180130/http://www.starfish.ch/dive/Wallacea.html">"Wallacea"</a>. Starfish. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.starfish.ch/dive/Wallacea.html">the original</a> on 25 May 2017. Retrieved 26 May 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Wallacea&rft.pub=Starfish&rft.date=2015-10-25&rft.au=Teresa+Zubi&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.starfish.ch%2Fdive%2FWallacea.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABorneo" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-highest_summit-22">^ <a href="#cite_ref-highest_summit_22-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-highest_summit_22-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.pbs.org/edens/borneo/awesome.html">"An Awesome Island"</a>. Borneo: Island in the Clouds. PBS. 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World Scientific. pp. 286–. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-981-4730-43-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-981-4730-43-3"><bdi>978-981-4730-43-3</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=2014+Annual+Competitiveness+Analysis+and+Development+Strategies+for+Indonesian+Provinces&rft.pages=286-&rft.pub=World+Scientific&rft.date=2015-09-08&rft.isbn=978-981-4730-43-3&rft.au=Khee+Giap+Tan&rft.au=Nurina+Merdikawati&rft.au=Mulya+Amri&rft.au=Blake+Harley+Berger&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DG1gGCwAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPA286&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABorneo" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTomas_Tomascik1997" class="citation book cs1">Tomas Tomascik (1997). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=0Kc80Hd2HagC&pg=PP54">The Ecology of the Indonesian Seas</a>. Oxford University Press. pp. 54–. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-19-850186-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-19-850186-2"><bdi>978-0-19-850186-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Ecology+of+the+Indonesian+Seas&rft.pages=54-&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=1997&rft.isbn=978-0-19-850186-2&rft.au=Tomas+Tomascik&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D0Kc80Hd2HagC%26pg%3DPP54&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABorneo" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKhee_Giap_TanMulya_AmriLinda_LowKong_Yam_Tan2013" class="citation book cs1">Khee Giap Tan; Mulya Amri; Linda Low; Kong Yam Tan (2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=Q526CgAAQBAJ&pg=PA338">Competitiveness Analysis and Development Strategies for 33 Indonesian Provinces</a>. World Scientific. pp. 338–. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-981-4504-86-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-981-4504-86-7"><bdi>978-981-4504-86-7</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Competitiveness+Analysis+and+Development+Strategies+for+33+Indonesian+Provinces&rft.pages=338-&rft.pub=World+Scientific&rft.date=2013&rft.isbn=978-981-4504-86-7&rft.au=Khee+Giap+Tan&rft.au=Mulya+Amri&rft.au=Linda+Low&rft.au=Kong+Yam+Tan&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DQ526CgAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPA338&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABorneo" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=mmrmRVVSiIYC&pg=PT218">Tropical River Fisheries Valuation: Background Papers to a Global Synthesis</a>. WorldFish. 2008. pp. 218–. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-983-2346-61-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-983-2346-61-6"><bdi>978-983-2346-61-6</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Tropical+River+Fisheries+Valuation%3A+Background+Papers+to+a+Global+Synthesis&rft.pages=218-&rft.pub=WorldFish&rft.date=2008&rft.isbn=978-983-2346-61-6&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DmmrmRVVSiIYC%26pg%3DPT218&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABorneo" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><a href="#cite_ref-27">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFUwe_TietzeFood_and_Agriculture_Organization_of_the_United_Nations2007" class="citation book cs1">Uwe Tietze; Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=ihTrWUKDvLUC&pg=PA131">Credit and Microfinance Needs in Inland Capture Fisheries Development and Conservation in Asia</a>. Food & Agriculture Org. pp. 131–. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-92-5-105756-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-92-5-105756-8"><bdi>978-92-5-105756-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Credit+and+Microfinance+Needs+in+Inland+Capture+Fisheries+Development+and+Conservation+in+Asia&rft.pages=131-&rft.pub=Food+%26+Agriculture+Org.&rft.date=2007&rft.isbn=978-92-5-105756-8&rft.au=Uwe+Tietze&rft.au=Food+and+Agriculture+Organization+of+the+United+Nations&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DihTrWUKDvLUC%26pg%3DPA131&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABorneo" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><a href="#cite_ref-28">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.sarawak.gov.my/ebook/Sarawak_Tourism/Visitor_Guide/files/basic-html/page100.html">"Sarawak Visitors Guide"</a>. Sarawak State Government. p. 100. 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Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://voices.nationalgeographic.com/2015/10/29/billions-of-bugs-feast-on-flesh-and-dung-in-borneo/">the original</a> on 30 October 2015. Retrieved 26 May 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=WATCH%3A+Billions+of+Bugs+Feast+on+Flesh+and+Dung+in+Borneo&rft.pub=National+Geographic&rft.date=2015-10-29&rft.au=Nora+Rappaport&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fvoices.nationalgeographic.com%2F2015%2F10%2F29%2Fbillions-of-bugs-feast-on-flesh-and-dung-in-borneo%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABorneo" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-30"><a href="#cite_ref-30">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSean_Martin2015" class="citation web cs1">Sean Martin (31 October 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ibtimes.co.uk/cockroach-cave-where-billions-bugs-feed-dead-animals-dung-video-1526507">"Cockroach cave: Where billions of bugs feed on dead animals and dung [Video]"</a>. International Business Times (UK). Retrieved 26 May 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Cockroach+cave%3A+Where+billions+of+bugs+feed+on+dead+animals+and+dung+%5BVideo%5D&rft.pub=International+Business+Times+%28UK%29&rft.date=2015-10-31&rft.au=Sean+Martin&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ibtimes.co.uk%2Fcockroach-cave-where-billions-bugs-feed-dead-animals-dung-video-1526507&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABorneo" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-31"><a href="#cite_ref-31">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFQuentin_PhillippsKaren_Phillipps2016" class="citation book cs1">Quentin Phillipps; Karen Phillipps (10 May 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=0SxzCwAAQBAJ&pg=PA31">Phillipps' Field Guide to the Mammals of Borneo and Their Ecology: Sabah, Sarawak, Brunei, and Kalimantan</a>. Princeton University Press. pp. 31–. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-691-16941-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-691-16941-5"><bdi>978-0-691-16941-5</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Phillipps%27+Field+Guide+to+the+Mammals+of+Borneo+and+Their+Ecology%3A+Sabah%2C+Sarawak%2C+Brunei%2C+and+Kalimantan&rft.pages=31-&rft.pub=Princeton+University+Press&rft.date=2016-05-10&rft.isbn=978-0-691-16941-5&rft.au=Quentin+Phillipps&rft.au=Karen+Phillipps&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D0SxzCwAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPA31&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABorneo" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-32"><a href="#cite_ref-32">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAndy_LeederAlan_BrownGregg_ColemanBob_Digby2016" class="citation book cs1">Andy Leeder; Alan Brown; Gregg Coleman; Bob Digby; Glyn Owen; Val Davis (22 August 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=rDjEDAAAQBAJ&pg=PA199-IA444">WJEC GCSE Geography</a>. Hodder Education. pp. 199–. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-4718-6130-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-4718-6130-7"><bdi>978-1-4718-6130-7</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=WJEC+GCSE+Geography&rft.pages=199-&rft.pub=Hodder+Education&rft.date=2016-08-22&rft.isbn=978-1-4718-6130-7&rft.au=Andy+Leeder&rft.au=Alan+Brown&rft.au=Gregg+Coleman&rft.au=Bob+Digby&rft.au=Glyn+Owen&rft.au=Val+Davis&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DrDjEDAAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPA199-IA444&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABorneo" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-33"><a href="#cite_ref-33">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2022/04/220428104015.htm">"A prehistoric forest grows in Brunei"</a>. ScienceDaily. 28 April 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=ScienceDaily&rft.atitle=A+prehistoric+forest+grows+in+Brunei&rft.date=2022-04-28&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.sciencedaily.com%2Freleases%2F2022%2F04%2F220428104015.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABorneo" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-34"><a href="#cite_ref-34">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://wwf.panda.org/index.cfm?uNewsID=89620">"Scientists find dozens of new species in Borneo rainforests"</a>. <a href="/wiki/World_Wide_Fund_for_Nature" title="World Wide Fund for Nature">World Wide Fund for Nature</a>. 19 December 2006. Retrieved 26 May 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Scientists+find+dozens+of+new+species+in+Borneo+rainforests&rft.pub=World+Wide+Fund+for+Nature&rft.date=2006-12-19&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwwf.panda.org%2Findex.cfm%3FuNewsID%3D89620&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABorneo" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-35"><a href="#cite_ref-35">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://wwf.panda.org/what_we_do/where_we_work/borneo_forests/about_borneo_forests/borneo_animals/">"Borneo wildlife"</a>. World Wide Fund for Nature. Retrieved 26 May 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Borneo+wildlife&rft.pub=World+Wide+Fund+for+Nature&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwwf.panda.org%2Fwhat_we_do%2Fwhere_we_work%2Fborneo_forests%2Fabout_borneo_forests%2Fborneo_animals%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABorneo" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-36"><a href="#cite_ref-36">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKathy_MacKinnonGusti_Hatta2013" class="citation book cs1">Kathy MacKinnon; Gusti Hatta (5 February 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=FFXRAgAAQBAJ&pg=PT148">Ecology of Kalimantan: Indonesian Borneo</a>. Tuttle Publishing. pp. 148–. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-4629-0505-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-4629-0505-8"><bdi>978-1-4629-0505-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Ecology+of+Kalimantan%3A+Indonesian+Borneo&rft.pages=148-&rft.pub=Tuttle+Publishing&rft.date=2013-02-05&rft.isbn=978-1-4629-0505-8&rft.au=Kathy+MacKinnon&rft.au=Gusti+Hatta&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DFFXRAgAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPT148&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABorneo" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-birds-37"><a href="#cite_ref-birds_37-0">^</a> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFanny_LaiBjorn_Olesen2016" class="citation book cs1">Fanny Lai; Bjorn Olesen (16 August 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=ld8bDQAAQBAJ&pg=PA25">Visual Celebration of Borneo's Wildlife</a>. Tuttle Publishing. pp. 25–. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-4629-1907-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-4629-1907-9"><bdi>978-1-4629-1907-9</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Visual+Celebration+of+Borneo%27s+Wildlife&rft.pages=25-&rft.pub=Tuttle+Publishing&rft.date=2016-08-16&rft.isbn=978-1-4629-1907-9&rft.au=Fanny+Lai&rft.au=Bjorn+Olesen&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Dld8bDQAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPA25&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABorneo" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTamara_Thiessen2016" class="citation book cs1">Tamara Thiessen (5 January 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=tfATCwAAQBAJ&pg=PA57">Borneo</a>. Bradt Travel Guides. pp. 57–. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-84162-915-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-84162-915-5"><bdi>978-1-84162-915-5</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Borneo&rft.pages=57-&rft.pub=Bradt+Travel+Guides&rft.date=2016-01-05&rft.isbn=978-1-84162-915-5&rft.au=Tamara+Thiessen&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DtfATCwAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPA57&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABorneo" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://wwf.panda.org/what_we_do/where_we_work/borneo_forests/about_borneo_forests/borneo_animals/borneo_birds/">"Borneo birds"</a>. World Wide Fund for Nature. 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E Press, The Australian National University. 2006. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-920942-85-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-920942-85-4"><bdi>978-1-920942-85-4</bdi></a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://epress.anu.edu.au/austronesians/austronesians/mobile_devices/ch15s02.html">the original</a> on 25 December 2013. 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Booksmango. pp. 8–. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-616-222-235-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-616-222-235-1"><bdi>978-616-222-235-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Borneo+Trilogy+Brunei%3A+Vol+1&rft.pages=8-&rft.pub=Booksmango&rft.date=2013-08-01&rft.isbn=978-616-222-235-1&rft.au=Frans+Welman&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Dkb7OXcSH7ScC%26pg%3DPA8&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABorneo" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDavid_LeaColette_Milward2001" class="citation book cs1">David Lea; Colette Milward (2001). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=MeWNnD1nUgUC&pg=PA16">A Political Chronology of South-East Asia and Oceania</a>. Psychology Press. pp. 16–. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-85743-117-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-85743-117-9"><bdi>978-1-85743-117-9</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=A+Political+Chronology+of+South-East+Asia+and+Oceania&rft.pages=16-&rft.pub=Psychology+Press&rft.date=2001&rft.isbn=978-1-85743-117-9&rft.au=David+Lea&rft.au=Colette+Milward&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DMeWNnD1nUgUC%26pg%3DPA16&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABorneo" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPatricia_HerbertAnthony_Crothers_Milner1989" class="citation book cs1">Patricia Herbert; Anthony Crothers Milner (1989). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=-EqbeRzdDrsC&pg=PA99">South-East Asia: Languages and Literatures : a Select Guide</a>. 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Institute of Southeast Asian Studies. pp. 62–. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-981-230-282-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-981-230-282-3"><bdi>978-981-230-282-3</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Islam+in+Southeast+Asia%3A+Political%2C+Social+and+Strategic+Challenges+for+the+21st+Century&rft.pages=62-&rft.pub=Institute+of+Southeast+Asian+Studies&rft.date=2005-01&rft.isbn=978-981-230-282-3&rft.au=K.+S.+Nathan&rft.au=Mohammad+Hashim+Kamali&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DO8d6BwAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPA62&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABorneo" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-66"><a href="#cite_ref-66">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFShinzō_Hayase2007" class="citation book cs1">Shinzō Hayase (2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=HEGBAAAAMAAJ">Mindanao Ethnohistory Beyond Nations: Maguindanao, Sangir, and Bagobo Societies in East Maritime Southeast Asia</a>. University of Hawaii Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-971-550-511-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-971-550-511-6"><bdi>978-971-550-511-6</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Mindanao+Ethnohistory+Beyond+Nations%3A+Maguindanao%2C+Sangir%2C+and+Bagobo+Societies+in+East+Maritime+Southeast+Asia&rft.pub=University+of+Hawaii+Press&rft.date=2007&rft.isbn=978-971-550-511-6&rft.au=Shinz%C5%8D+Hayase&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DHEGBAAAAMAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABorneo" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-67"><a href="#cite_ref-67">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRingSalkinLa_Boda1996" class="citation book cs1">Ring, Trudy; Salkin, Robert M; La Boda, Sharon (January 1996). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=vWLRxJEU49EC&pg=PA160">International Dictionary of Historic Places: Asia and Oceania</a>. Taylor & Francis. pp. 160–. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-884964-04-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-884964-04-6"><bdi>978-1-884964-04-6</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=International+Dictionary+of+Historic+Places%3A+Asia+and+Oceania&rft.pages=160-&rft.pub=Taylor+%26+Francis&rft.date=1996-01&rft.isbn=978-1-884964-04-6&rft.aulast=Ring&rft.aufirst=Trudy&rft.au=Salkin%2C+Robert+M&rft.au=La+Boda%2C+Sharon&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DvWLRxJEU49EC%26pg%3DPA160&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABorneo" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-thalassocracy-68"><a href="#cite_ref-thalassocracy_68-0">^</a> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFEko_Prayitno_Joko" class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Eko Prayitno Joko. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160519044519/http://www.ums.edu.my/fksw/images/files/IsuPemilikanWilayahPantaiTimurSabahSatuPenelusurandaripadaSudutSumberSejarah.pdf">"Isu Pemilikan Wilayah Pantai Timur Sabah: Satu Penulusuran daripada Sumber Sejarah"</a> (PDF) (in Malay and English). <a href="/wiki/Universiti_Malaysia_Sabah" title="Universiti Malaysia Sabah">Universiti Malaysia Sabah</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ums.edu.my/fksw/images/files/IsuPemilikanWilayahPantaiTimurSabahSatuPenelusurandaripadaSudutSumberSejarah.pdf">the original</a> (PDF) on 19 May 2016. Retrieved 23 May 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Isu+Pemilikan+Wilayah+Pantai+Timur+Sabah%3A+Satu+Penulusuran+daripada+Sumber+Sejarah&rft.pub=Universiti+Malaysia+Sabah&rft.au=Eko+Prayitno+Joko&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ums.edu.my%2Ffksw%2Fimages%2Ffiles%2FIsuPemilikanWilayahPantaiTimurSabahSatuPenelusurandaripadaSudutSumberSejarah.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABorneo" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRozan_Yunos2013" class="citation news cs1">Rozan Yunos (7 March 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140617035533/http://www.bt.com.bn/2013/03/07/sabah-and-sulu-claims">"Sabah and the Sulu claims"</a>. The Brunei Times. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.bt.com.bn/2013/03/07/sabah-and-sulu-claims">the original</a> on 17 June 2014. Retrieved 23 May 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Brunei+Times&rft.atitle=Sabah+and+the+Sulu+claims&rft.date=2013-03-07&rft.au=Rozan+Yunos&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.bt.com.bn%2F2013%2F03%2F07%2Fsabah-and-sulu-claims&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABorneo" class="Z3988"></li></ul> </li> <li id="cite_note-Hussainmiya2006-69">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Hussainmiya2006_69-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Hussainmiya2006_69-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBachamiya_Abdul_Hussainmiya2006" class="citation book cs1">Bachamiya Abdul Hussainmiya (2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=Q7UuAQAAIAAJ">Brunei: revival of 1906 : a popular history</a>. Brunei Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-99917-32-15-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-99917-32-15-2"><bdi>978-99917-32-15-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Brunei%3A+revival+of+1906+%3A+a+popular+history&rft.pub=Brunei+Press&rft.date=2006&rft.isbn=978-99917-32-15-2&rft.au=Bachamiya+Abdul+Hussainmiya&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DQ7UuAQAAIAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABorneo" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-70"><a href="#cite_ref-70">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKeat_Gin_Ooi2004" class="citation book cs1">Keat Gin Ooi (2004). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=QKgraWbb7yoC&pg=PA271">Southeast Asia: A Historical Encyclopedia, from Angkor Wat to East Timor</a>. ABC-CLIO. pp. 271–. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-57607-770-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-57607-770-2"><bdi>978-1-57607-770-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Southeast+Asia%3A+A+Historical+Encyclopedia%2C+from+Angkor+Wat+to+East+Timor&rft.pages=271-&rft.pub=ABC-CLIO&rft.date=2004&rft.isbn=978-1-57607-770-2&rft.au=Keat+Gin+Ooi&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DQKgraWbb7yoC%26pg%3DPA271&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABorneo" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-71"><a href="#cite_ref-71">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFEric_TagliacozzoWen-chin_Chang2011" class="citation book cs1">Eric Tagliacozzo; Wen-chin Chang (13 April 2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=ZkMLnmRa0zEC&pg=PA236">Chinese Circulations: Capital, Commodities, and Networks in Southeast Asia</a>. Duke University Press. pp. 236–. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-8223-4903-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-8223-4903-7"><bdi>978-0-8223-4903-7</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Chinese+Circulations%3A+Capital%2C+Commodities%2C+and+Networks+in+Southeast+Asia&rft.pages=236-&rft.pub=Duke+University+Press&rft.date=2011-04-13&rft.isbn=978-0-8223-4903-7&rft.au=Eric+Tagliacozzo&rft.au=Wen-chin+Chang&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DZkMLnmRa0zEC%26pg%3DPA236&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABorneo" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-72"><a href="#cite_ref-72">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRanjit_Singh2000" class="citation book cs1">Ranjit Singh (2000). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=j9xuAAAAMAAJ">The Making of Sabah, 1865–1941: The Dynamics of Indigenous Society</a>. University of Malaya Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-983-100-095-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-983-100-095-3"><bdi>978-983-100-095-3</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Making+of+Sabah%2C+1865%E2%80%931941%3A+The+Dynamics+of+Indigenous+Society&rft.pub=University+of+Malaya+Press&rft.date=2000&rft.isbn=978-983-100-095-3&rft.au=Ranjit+Singh&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Dj9xuAAAAMAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABorneo" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Lach1994-73">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Lach1994_73-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lach1994_73-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDonald_F._Lach1994" class="citation book cs1">Donald F. 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University of Chicago Press. pp. 580–. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-226-46732-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-226-46732-0"><bdi>978-0-226-46732-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Asia+in+the+Making+of+Europe%2C+Volume+I%3A+The+Century+of+Discovery.&rft.pages=580-&rft.pub=University+of+Chicago+Press&rft.date=1994-04-16&rft.isbn=978-0-226-46732-0&rft.au=Donald+F.+Lach&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D0x1Io6VOuAIC%26pg%3DPA580&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABorneo" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-74"><a href="#cite_ref-74">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFP._M._HoltPeter_Malcolm_HoltAnn_K._S._LambtonBernard_Lewis1977" class="citation book cs1">P. M. Holt; Peter Malcolm Holt; Ann K. S. Lambton; Bernard Lewis (21 April 1977). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=y99jTbxNbSAC&pg=PA129">The Cambridge History of Islam: Volume 2A, The Indian Sub-Continent, South-East Asia, Africa and the Muslim West</a>. Cambridge University Press. pp. 129–. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-521-29137-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-521-29137-8"><bdi>978-0-521-29137-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Cambridge+History+of+Islam%3A+Volume+2A%2C+The+Indian+Sub-Continent%2C+South-East+Asia%2C+Africa+and+the+Muslim+West&rft.pages=129-&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft.date=1977-04-21&rft.isbn=978-0-521-29137-8&rft.au=P.+M.+Holt&rft.au=Peter+Malcolm+Holt&rft.au=Ann+K.+S.+Lambton&rft.au=Bernard+Lewis&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Dy99jTbxNbSAC%26pg%3DPA129&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABorneo" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-75"><a href="#cite_ref-75">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/asiaticjournala30unkngoog">The Asiatic Journal and Monthly Register for British and Foreign India, China, and Australia</a>. Parbury, Allen, and Company. 1816. pp. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/asiaticjournala30unkngoog/page/n568">561</a>–.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Asiatic+Journal+and+Monthly+Register+for+British+and+Foreign+India%2C+China%2C+and+Australia&rft.pages=561-&rft.pub=Parbury%2C+Allen%2C+and+Company&rft.date=1816&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fasiaticjournala30unkngoog&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABorneo" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Dutch_Borneo-76">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Dutch_Borneo_76-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Dutch_Borneo_76-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSanderson_Beck2007" class="citation web cs1">Sanderson Beck (2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170524100635/http://www.san.beck.org/20-11-Indonesia1800-1950.html">"Indonesia and the Dutch 1800–1950"</a>. San.Beck. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.san.beck.org/20-11-Indonesia1800-1950.html">the original</a> on 24 May 2017. 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Retrieved 24 May 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=British+and+Dutch+Perceptions+of+Cannibalism+in+Borneo%2C+1882%E2%80%931964&rft.pages=5&rft.pub=California+Polytechnic+State+University&rft.date=2012&rft.au=Adrienne+Smith&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fdigitalcommons.calpoly.edu%2Fcgi%2Fviewcontent.cgi%3Farticle%3D1067%26context%3Dforum&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABorneo" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-78"><a href="#cite_ref-78">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCaptain_the_Hon._Henry_Keppel,_R.N.1846" class="citation book cs1">Captain the Hon. Henry Keppel, R.N. (1846). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/expeditiontobor04broogoog">The Expedition to Borneo of H.M.S. Dido for the Suppression of Piracy</a>. Chapman and Hall. pp. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/expeditiontobor04broogoog/page/n238">214</a>–.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Expedition+to+Borneo+of+H.M.S.+Dido+for+the+Suppression+of+Piracy&rft.pages=214-&rft.pub=Chapman+and+Hall&rft.date=1846&rft.au=Captain+the+Hon.+Henry+Keppel%2C+R.N.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fexpeditiontobor04broogoog&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABorneo" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-79"><a href="#cite_ref-79">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFP._Boomgaard2007" class="citation book cs1">P. 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BRILL. pp. 292–. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-90-04-25388-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-90-04-25388-9"><bdi>978-90-04-25388-9</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Dutch+Colonialism%2C+Migration+and+Cultural+Heritage%3A+Past+and+Present&rft.pages=292-&rft.pub=BRILL&rft.date=2008-01-01&rft.isbn=978-90-04-25388-9&rft.au=Geert+Oostindie&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DKfFjAAAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPA292&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABorneo" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-PrescottTriggs2008-101">^ <a href="#cite_ref-PrescottTriggs2008_101-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-PrescottTriggs2008_101-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFVictor_PrescottGillian_D._Triggs2008" class="citation book cs1">Victor Prescott; Gillian D. 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Institute of Southeast Asian Studies. pp. 36–84. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-981-230-812-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-981-230-812-2"><bdi>978-981-230-812-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Federal-state+Relations+in+Sabah%2C+Malaysia%3A+The+Berjaya+Administration%2C+1976%E2%80%9385&rft.pages=36-84&rft.pub=Institute+of+Southeast+Asian+Studies&rft.date=2008&rft.isbn=978-981-230-812-2&rft.au=Regina+Lim&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DbM4HifRARgYC%26pg%3DPA36&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABorneo" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-108"><a href="#cite_ref-108">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDanny_Tze-Ken_Wong1998" class="citation book cs1">Danny Tze-Ken Wong (1998). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=L81uAAAAMAAJ">The Transformation of an Immigrant Society: A Study of the Chinese of Sabah</a>. 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Turner Publishing Company. pp. 123–. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-56311-728-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-56311-728-2"><bdi>978-1-56311-728-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=War+Crimes%3A+Japan%27s+World+War+II+Atrocities&rft.pages=123-&rft.pub=Turner+Publishing+Company&rft.date=2001&rft.isbn=978-1-56311-728-2&rft.au=Malcolm+Joseph+Thurman&rft.au=Christine+Sherman&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DE1D5wKKZDHoC%26pg%3DPA123&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABorneo" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-threats-110"><a href="#cite_ref-threats_110-0">^</a> * <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFM.C._Ricklefs2008" class="citation book cs1">M.C. 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BRILL. pp. 43–. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-90-474-2686-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-90-474-2686-8"><bdi>978-90-474-2686-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Strangers+at+Home%3A+History+and+Subjectivity+among+the+Chinese+Communities+of+West+Kalimantan%2C+Indonesia&rft.pages=43-&rft.pub=BRILL&rft.date=2011-09-09&rft.isbn=978-90-474-2686-8&rft.au=Yew-Foong+Hui&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DEs6wCQAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPA43&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABorneo" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTaufiq_Tanasaldy2012" class="citation book cs1">Taufiq Tanasaldy (2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=PbFiAAAAQBAJ&pg=PA74">Regime Change and Ethnic Politics in Indonesia: Dayak Politics of West Kalimantan</a>. 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Retrieved 13 September 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft.atitle=Why+is+Indonesia+moving+its+capital+city%3F+Everything+you+need+to+know&rft.date=2019-08-27&rft.issn=0261-3077&rft.aulast=Lyons&rft.aufirst=Kate&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fworld%2F2019%2Faug%2F27%2Fwhy-is-indonesia-moving-its-capital-city-everything-you-need-to-know&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABorneo" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-144"><a href="#cite_ref-144">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFChristine_PadochNancy_Lee_Peluso1996" class="citation book cs1">Christine Padoch; Nancy Lee Peluso (1996). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=s78sAQAAMAAJ">Borneo in Transition: People, Forests, Conservation, and Development</a>. Oxford University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-967-65-3110-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-967-65-3110-0"><bdi>978-967-65-3110-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Borneo+in+Transition%3A+People%2C+Forests%2C+Conservation%2C+and+Development&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=1996&rft.isbn=978-967-65-3110-0&rft.au=Christine+Padoch&rft.au=Nancy+Lee+Peluso&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Ds78sAQAAMAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABorneo" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-145"><a href="#cite_ref-145">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170320011146/http://www.depd.gov.bn/SitePages/Population.aspx">"Department of Economic Planning and Development - Population"</a>. www.depd.gov.bn. 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Retrieved 12 December 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.depd.gov.bn&rft.atitle=Department+of+Economic+Planning+and+Development+-+Population&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.depd.gov.bn%2FSitePages%2FPopulation.aspx&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABorneo" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Badan_Pusat_Statistik_2021-146"><a href="#cite_ref-Badan_Pusat_Statistik_2021_146-0">^</a> Badan Pusat Statistik, Jakarta, 2021. </li> <li id="cite_note-The_10_Largest_Cities_In_Borneo-147"><a href="#cite_ref-The_10_Largest_Cities_In_Borneo_147-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldatlas.com/articles/the-10-largest-cities-in-borneo.html">"The 10 Largest Cities In Borneo"</a>. World Atlas. 2019. 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Department of Statistics Malaysia Official Portal. 2011. Retrieved 15 April 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Department+of+Statistics+Malaysia+Official+Portal&rft.atitle=Population+Distribution+and+Basic+Demographic+Characteristic+Report+2010+%28Updated%3A+05%2F08%2F2011%29&rft.date=2011&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.dosm.gov.my%2Fv1%2Findex.php%3Fr%3Dcolumn%2FcthemeByCat%26cat%3D117%26bul_id%3DMDMxdHZjWTk1SjFzTzNkRXYzcVZjdz09%26menu_id%3DL0pheU43NWJwRWVSZklWdzQ4TlhUUT09&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABorneo" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-153"><a href="#cite_ref-153">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210401024235/http://www.deps.gov.bn/SiteAssets/Time-Series3.html">"Population by Religion, Sex and Census Year"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.deps.gov.bn/SiteAssets/Time-Series3.html">the original</a> on 1 April 2021. Retrieved 11 May 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Population+by+Religion%2C+Sex+and+Census+Year&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.deps.gov.bn%2FSiteAssets%2FTime-Series3.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABorneo" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-2020KF-154"><a href="#cite_ref-2020KF_154-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.dosm.gov.my/uploads/publications/20221020150523.pdf">"Key Findings of Population and Housing Census of Malaysia 2020"</a> (pdf) (in Malay and English). Department of Statistics, Malaysia. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-967-2000-85-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-967-2000-85-3"><bdi>978-967-2000-85-3</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Key+Findings+of+Population+and+Housing+Census+of+Malaysia+2020&rft.pub=Department+of+Statistics%2C+Malaysia&rft.isbn=978-967-2000-85-3&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.dosm.gov.my%2Fuploads%2Fpublications%2F20221020150523.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABorneo" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-155"><a href="#cite_ref-155">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://gis.dukcapil.kemendagri.go.id/peta/">"ArcGIS Web Application"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=ArcGIS+Web+Application&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fgis.dukcapil.kemendagri.go.id%2Fpeta%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABorneo" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Borneo_economy-156">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Borneo_economy_156-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Borneo_economy_156-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Borneo_economy_156-2">c</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170527235225/https://www.borneo.com/v/economy/">"Borneo » City Info » Economy"</a>. Borneo.com. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.borneo.com/v/economy/">the original</a> on 27 May 2017. Retrieved 28 May 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Borneo+%C2%BB+City+Info+%C2%BB+Economy&rft.pub=Borneo.com&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.borneo.com%2Fv%2Feconomy%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABorneo" class="Z3988"> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Borneo&action=edit&section=25" title="Edit section: Further reading">edit</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239549316">.mw-parser-output .refbegin{margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul{margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{margin-left:0;padding-left:3.2em;text-indent:-3.2em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul,.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul li{list-style:none}@media(max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{padding-left:1.6em;text-indent:-1.6em}}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .refbegin{font-size:90%}}</style><div class="refbegin refbegin-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em"> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFL._W._W_GudgeonAllan_Stewart1913" class="citation cs2">L. W. W Gudgeon; Allan Stewart (1913), British North Borneo / by L. W. W. Gudgeon; with twelve full-page illustrations in colour by Allan Stewart, Adam and Charles Black</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=British+North+Borneo+%2F+by+L.+W.+W.+Gudgeon%3B+with+twelve+full-page+illustrations+in+colour+by+Allan+Stewart&rft.pub=Adam+and+Charles+Black&rft.date=1913&rft.au=L.+W.+W+Gudgeon&rft.au=Allan+Stewart&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABorneo" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRedmond_O'Hanlon1984" class="citation book cs1">Redmond O'Hanlon (1984). Into the Heart of Borneo: An Account of a Journey Made in 1983 to the Mountains of Batu Tiban with James Fenton. Salamander Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-9075-4055-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-9075-4055-7"><bdi>978-0-9075-4055-7</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Into+the+Heart+of+Borneo%3A+An+Account+of+a+Journey+Made+in+1983+to+the+Mountains+of+Batu+Tiban+with+James+Fenton&rft.pub=Salamander+Press&rft.date=1984&rft.isbn=978-0-9075-4055-7&rft.au=Redmond+O%27Hanlon&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABorneo" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFEric_Hansen1988" class="citation book cs1">Eric Hansen (1988). Stranger in the Forest: On Foot Across Borneo. Century. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-7126-1158-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-7126-1158-9"><bdi>978-0-7126-1158-9</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Stranger+in+the+Forest%3A+On+Foot+Across+Borneo&rft.pub=Century&rft.date=1988&rft.isbn=978-0-7126-1158-9&rft.au=Eric+Hansen&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABorneo" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGordon_Barclay_CorbetJohn_Edwards_Hill1992" class="citation book cs1">Gordon Barclay Corbet; John Edwards Hill (1992). The mammals of the Indomalayan Region: a systematic review. Oxford University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-19-854693-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-19-854693-1"><bdi>978-0-19-854693-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+mammals+of+the+Indomalayan+Region%3A+a+systematic+review&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=1992&rft.isbn=978-0-19-854693-1&rft.au=Gordon+Barclay+Corbet&rft.au=John+Edwards+Hill&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABorneo" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRobert_Young_Pelton1995" class="citation book cs1">Robert Young Pelton (1995). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/fieldingsborneoa0000pelt">Fielding's Borneo</a>. Fielding Worldwide. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-5695-2026-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-5695-2026-0"><bdi>978-1-5695-2026-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Fielding%27s+Borneo&rft.pub=Fielding+Worldwide&rft.date=1995&rft.isbn=978-1-5695-2026-0&rft.au=Robert+Young+Pelton&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Ffieldingsborneoa0000pelt&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABorneo" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGhazally_Ismail1996–2001" class="citation book cs1">Ghazally Ismail (1996–2001). A Scientific Journey Through Borneo. Kota Samarahan: <a href="/wiki/Universiti_Malaysia_Sarawak" title="Universiti Malaysia Sarawak">Universiti Malaysia Sarawak</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=A+Scientific+Journey+Through+Borneo&rft.place=Kota+Samarahan&rft.pub=Universiti+Malaysia+Sarawak&rft.date=1996%2F2001&rft.au=Ghazally+Ismail&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABorneo" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFK._M._WongChew_Lun_Chan1997" class="citation book cs1">K. M. Wong; Chew Lun Chan (1997). Mount Kinabalu: Borneo's Magic Mountain: An Introduction to the Natural History of One of the World's Great Natural Monuments. Kota Kinabalu: <a href="/wiki/Natural_History_Publications_(Borneo)" title="Natural History Publications (Borneo)">Natural History Publications</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-983-812-014-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-983-812-014-2"><bdi>978-983-812-014-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Mount+Kinabalu%3A+Borneo%27s+Magic+Mountain%3A+An+Introduction+to+the+Natural+History+of+One+of+the+World%27s+Great+Natural+Monuments&rft.place=Kota+Kinabalu&rft.pub=Natural+History+Publications&rft.date=1997&rft.isbn=978-983-812-014-2&rft.au=K.+M.+Wong&rft.au=Chew+Lun+Chan&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABorneo" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDennis_Lau1999" class="citation book cs1">Dennis Lau (1999). Borneo: a photographic journey. Travelcom Asia. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-983-99431-1-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-983-99431-1-5"><bdi>978-983-99431-1-5</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Borneo%3A+a+photographic+journey&rft.pub=Travelcom+Asia&rft.date=1999&rft.isbn=978-983-99431-1-5&rft.au=Dennis+Lau&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABorneo" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJohn_Wassner2001" class="citation book cs1">John Wassner (2001). Espresso with the Headhunters: A Journey Through the Jungles of Borneo. Summersdale. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-84024-137-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-84024-137-2"><bdi>978-1-84024-137-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Espresso+with+the+Headhunters%3A+A+Journey+Through+the+Jungles+of+Borneo&rft.pub=Summersdale&rft.date=2001&rft.isbn=978-1-84024-137-2&rft.au=John+Wassner&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABorneo" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLess_S._HallGreg_RichardsMohamad_Tajuddin_Abdullah2002" class="citation cs2">Less S. Hall; Greg Richards; Mohamad Tajuddin Abdullah (2002), "The bats of Niah National Park, Sarawak", The Sarawak Museum Journal</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Sarawak+Museum+Journal&rft.atitle=The+bats+of+Niah+National+Park%2C+Sarawak&rft.date=2002&rft.au=Less+S.+Hall&rft.au=Greg+Richards&rft.au=Mohamad+Tajuddin+Abdullah&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABorneo" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMohd_Azlan_J.Ibnu_MartonoAgus_P._KartonoMohamad_Tajuddin_Abdullah2003" class="citation cs2">Mohd Azlan J.; Ibnu Martono; Agus P. Kartono; Mohamad Tajuddin Abdullah (2003), "Diversity, Relative Abundance and Conservation of Chiropterans in Kayan Mentarang National Park, East Kalimantan, Indonesia", The Sarawak Museum Journal</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Sarawak+Museum+Journal&rft.atitle=Diversity%2C+Relative+Abundance+and+Conservation+of+Chiropterans+in+Kayan+Mentarang+National+Park%2C+East+Kalimantan%2C+Indonesia&rft.date=2003&rft.au=Mohd+Azlan+J.&rft.au=Ibnu+Martono&rft.au=Agus+P.+Kartono&rft.au=Mohamad+Tajuddin+Abdullah&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABorneo" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMohd_Tajuddin_Abdullah2003" class="citation cs2">Mohd Tajuddin Abdullah (2003), Biogeography and variation of Cynopterus brachyotis in Southeast Asia (<a href="/wiki/Thesis" title="Thesis">PhD thesis</a> ed.), Brisbane: <a href="/wiki/University_of_Queensland" title="University of Queensland">University of Queensland</a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Biogeography+and+variation+of+Cynopterus+brachyotis+in+Southeast+Asia&rft.place=Brisbane&rft.edition=PhD+thesis&rft.pub=University+of+Queensland&rft.date=2003&rft.au=Mohd+Tajuddin+Abdullah&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABorneo" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCatherine_KarimAndrew_Alek_TuenMohamad_Tajuddin_Abdullah2004" class="citation cs2">Catherine Karim; Andrew Alek Tuen; Mohamad Tajuddin Abdullah (2004), "Mammals", The Sarawak Museum Journal</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Sarawak+Museum+Journal&rft.atitle=Mammals&rft.date=2004&rft.au=Catherine+Karim&rft.au=Andrew+Alek+Tuen&rft.au=Mohamad+Tajuddin+Abdullah&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABorneo" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLess_S._HallGordon_G._GriggCraig_MoritzBesar_Ketol2004" class="citation cs2">Less S. Hall; Gordon G. Grigg; Craig Moritz; Besar Ketol; Isa Sait; Wahab Marni; M.T. Abdullah (2004), <a href="/wiki/Fruit_bat" class="mw-redirect" title="Fruit bat">"Biogeography of fruit bats in Southeast Asia"</a>, The Sarawak Museum Journal</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Sarawak+Museum+Journal&rft.atitle=Biogeography+of+fruit+bats+in+Southeast+Asia&rft.date=2004&rft.au=Less+S.+Hall&rft.au=Gordon+G.+Grigg&rft.au=Craig+Moritz&rft.au=Besar+Ketol&rft.au=Isa+Sait&rft.au=Wahab+Marni&rft.au=M.T.+Abdullah&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABorneo" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFStephen_Holley2004" class="citation book cs1">Stephen Holley (2004). A White Headhunter in Borneo. Kota Kinabalu: Natural History Publications. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-983-812-081-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-983-812-081-4"><bdi>978-983-812-081-4</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=A+White+Headhunter+in+Borneo&rft.place=Kota+Kinabalu&rft.pub=Natural+History+Publications&rft.date=2004&rft.isbn=978-983-812-081-4&rft.au=Stephen+Holley&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABorneo" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1">Wild Borneo: The Wildlife and Scenery of Sabah, Sarawak, Brunei, and Kalimantan. New Holland Publishers. 2006. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-84537-378-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-84537-378-8"><bdi>978-1-84537-378-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Wild+Borneo%3A+The+Wildlife+and+Scenery+of+Sabah%2C+Sarawak%2C+Brunei%2C+and+Kalimantan&rft.pub=New+Holland+Publishers&rft.date=2006&rft.isbn=978-1-84537-378-8&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABorneo" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMel_White2008" class="citation cs2">Mel White (November 2008), Borneo's Moment of Truth, <a href="/wiki/National_Geographic_(magazine)" class="mw-redirect" title="National Geographic (magazine)">National Geographic</a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Borneo%27s+Moment+of+Truth&rft.pub=National+Geographic&rft.date=2008-11&rft.au=Mel+White&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABorneo" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAnton_Willem_Nieuwenhuis2009" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Anton Willem Nieuwenhuis (2009). Quer durch Borneo (in Dutch). BoD – Books on Demand. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-3-86195-028-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-3-86195-028-8"><bdi>978-3-86195-028-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Quer+durch+Borneo&rft.pub=BoD+%E2%80%93+Books+on+Demand&rft.date=2009&rft.isbn=978-3-86195-028-8&rft.au=Anton+Willem+Nieuwenhuis&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABorneo" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFG._W._H._Davison2010" class="citation book cs1">G. W. H. Davison (2010). A Photographic Guide to Birds of Borneo: Sabah, Sarawak, Brunei and Kalimantan. New Holland. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-84773-828-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-84773-828-8"><bdi>978-1-84773-828-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=A+Photographic+Guide+to+Birds+of+Borneo%3A+Sabah%2C+Sarawak%2C+Brunei+and+Kalimantan&rft.pub=New+Holland&rft.date=2010&rft.isbn=978-1-84773-828-8&rft.au=G.+W.+H.+Davison&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABorneo" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJohn_Mathai2010" class="citation cs2">John Mathai (2010), Hose's Civet: Borneo's mysterious carnivore, Nature Watch 18/4: 2–8</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Hose%27s+Civet%3A+Borneo%27s+mysterious+carnivore&rft.series=Nature+Watch+18%2F4%3A+2%E2%80%938&rft.date=2010&rft.au=John+Mathai&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABorneo" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJohn_MathaiJason_HonNgumbang_JuatAmanda_Peter2010" class="citation cs2">John Mathai; Jason Hon; Ngumbang Juat; Amanda Peter; Melvin Gumal (2010), Small carnivores in a logging concession in the Upper Baram, Sarawak, Borneo, Small Carnivore Conservation 42: 1–9</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Small+carnivores+in+a+logging+concession+in+the+Upper+Baram%2C+Sarawak%2C+Borneo&rft.series=Small+Carnivore+Conservation+42%3A+1%E2%80%939&rft.date=2010&rft.au=John+Mathai&rft.au=Jason+Hon&rft.au=Ngumbang+Juat&rft.au=Amanda+Peter&rft.au=Melvin+Gumal&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABorneo" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCharles_M._Francis2013" class="citation book cs1">Charles M. Francis (2013). A Photographic Guide to Mammals of South-East Asia. Bloomsbury Publishing Plc. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-84773-531-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-84773-531-7"><bdi>978-1-84773-531-7</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=A+Photographic+Guide+to+Mammals+of+South-East+Asia&rft.pub=Bloomsbury+Publishing+Plc&rft.date=2013&rft.isbn=978-1-84773-531-7&rft.au=Charles+M.+Francis&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABorneo" class="Z3988"></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Borneo&action=edit&section=26" title="Edit section: External links">edit</a>]</div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/File:Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg/16px-Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg/24px-Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg/32px-Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="193" data-file-height="193" /></a> <a href="https://en.wikivoyage.org/wiki/Borneo#Q36117" class="extiw" title="voy:Borneo">Borneo</a> travel guide from Wikivoyage</li> <li><a href="/wiki/File:Commons-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/12px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/18px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/24px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a> Media related to <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Borneo" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Borneo">Borneo</a> at Wikimedia Commons</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.mongabay.com/borneo.html">Environmental Profile of Borneo</a> – Background on Borneo, including natural and social history, deforestation statistics, and conservation news.</li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline 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("counter(listitem)"\a0 "}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow{padding:0.25em 1em;line-height:1.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group{white-space:nowrap;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{background-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list{line-height:1.5em;border-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list-with-group{text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid}.mw-parser-output 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"}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Borneo" title="Template:Borneo"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Borneo" title="Template talk:Borneo"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Borneo" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Borneo"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Borneo" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Borneo</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Political divisions</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kalimantan" title="Kalimantan">Kalimantan</a> (<a href="/wiki/Indonesia" title="Indonesia">Indonesia</a>) <ul><li><a href="/wiki/West_Kalimantan" title="West Kalimantan">West Kalimantan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Central_Kalimantan" title="Central Kalimantan">Central Kalimantan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Kalimantan" title="South Kalimantan">South Kalimantan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/East_Kalimantan" title="East Kalimantan">East Kalimantan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nusantara_(city)" title="Nusantara (city)">Nusantara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_Kalimantan" title="North Kalimantan">North Kalimantan</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brunei" title="Brunei">Brunei</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/East_Malaysia" title="East Malaysia">East Malaysia</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Labuan" title="Labuan">Labuan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sabah" title="Sabah">Sabah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sarawak" title="Sarawak">Sarawak</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Eco-regions</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Borneo_lowland_rain_forests" title="Borneo lowland rain forests">Borneo lowland rain forests</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Borneo_montane_rain_forests" title="Borneo montane rain forests">Borneo montane rain forests</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Borneo_peat_swamp_forests" title="Borneo peat swamp forests">Borneo peat swamp forests</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kinabalu_montane_alpine_meadows" class="mw-redirect" title="Kinabalu montane alpine meadows">Kinabalu montane alpine meadows</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Southwest_Borneo_freshwater_swamp_forests" title="Southwest Borneo freshwater swamp forests">Southwest Borneo freshwater swamp forests</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sundaland_heath_forests" title="Sundaland heath forests">Sundaland heath forests</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sunda_Shelf_mangroves" title="Sunda Shelf mangroves">Sunda Shelf mangroves</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Environment</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Biodiversity_of_Borneo" title="Biodiversity of Borneo">Biodiversity</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Flora_of_Borneo" title="Flora of Borneo">Flora</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fauna_of_Borneo" title="Fauna of Borneo">Fauna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_mammals_of_Borneo" title="List of mammals of Borneo">Mammals</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geological_history_of_Borneo" title="Geological history of Borneo">Geological history of Borneo</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sundaland" title="Sundaland">Sundaland</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Deforestation</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Deforestation_in_Borneo" title="Deforestation in Borneo">Deforestation in Borneo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deforestation_in_Malaysia" title="Deforestation in Malaysia">Deforestation in Malaysia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deforestation_in_Indonesia" title="Deforestation in Indonesia">Deforestation in Indonesia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mega_Rice_Project" title="Mega Rice Project">Mega Rice Project</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1997_Southeast_Asian_haze" title="1997 Southeast Asian haze">1997 Southeast Asian haze</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1997_Indonesian_forest_fires" title="1997 Indonesian forest fires">1997 Indonesian forest fires</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2006_Southeast_Asian_haze" title="2006 Southeast Asian haze">2006 Southeast Asian haze</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2015_Southeast_Asian_haze" title="2015 Southeast Asian haze">2015 Southeast Asian haze</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2016_Southeast_Asian_haze" title="2016 Southeast Asian haze">2016 Southeast Asian haze</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2017_Southeast_Asian_haze" title="2017 Southeast Asian haze">2017 Southeast Asian haze</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2019_Southeast_Asian_haze" title="2019 Southeast Asian haze">2019 Southeast Asian haze</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Conservation</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bornean_Sun_Bear_Conservation_Centre" title="Bornean Sun Bear Conservation Centre">Bornean Sun Bear Conservation Centre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Borneo_Orangutan_Survival" title="Borneo Orangutan Survival">Borneo Orangutan Survival</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bukit_Perai_Protection_Forest" title="Bukit Perai Protection Forest">Bukit Perai Protection Forest</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Danum_Valley_Conservation_Area" title="Danum Valley Conservation Area">Danum Valley Conservation Area</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gunung_Berau_Nature_Reserve" title="Gunung Berau Nature Reserve">Gunung Berau Nature Reserve</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heart_of_Borneo" title="Heart of Borneo">Heart of Borneo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kayan_Mentarang_National_Park" title="Kayan Mentarang National Park">Kayan Mentarang National Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kinabalu_Park" title="Kinabalu Park">Kinabalu Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kulamba_Wildlife_Reserve" title="Kulamba Wildlife Reserve">Kulamba Wildlife Reserve</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lamandau_Nature_Reserve" title="Lamandau Nature Reserve">Lamandau Nature Reserve</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lanjak_Entimau_Wildlife_Sanctuary" title="Lanjak Entimau Wildlife Sanctuary">Lanjak Entimau Wildlife Sanctuary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sepilok_Orangutan_Rehabilitation_Centre" title="Sepilok Orangutan Rehabilitation Centre">Sepilok Orangutan Rehabilitation Centre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Silabukan_Protection_Forest_Reserve" title="Silabukan Protection Forest Reserve">Silabukan Protection Forest Reserve</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Usun_Apau_National_Park" title="Usun Apau National Park">Usun Apau National Park</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">History</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Brunei" title="History of Brunei">History of Brunei</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Sabah" title="History of Sabah">History of Sabah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Sarawak" title="History of Sarawak">History of Sarawak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/British_Borneo" title="British Borneo">British Borneo</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Ethnic groups</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dayak_people" title="Dayak people">Dayak people</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Banjar_people" title="Banjar people">Banjar people</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Languages</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Greater_North_Borneo_languages" title="Greater North Borneo languages">Greater North Borneo languages</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barito_languages" title="Barito languages">Barito languages</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malayic_languages" title="Malayic languages">Malayic languages</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Languages_of_Kalimantan" title="Languages of Kalimantan">Languages of Kalimantan</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /> <a href="/wiki/Category:Borneo" title="Category:Borneo">Category</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/12px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/18px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/24px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /> <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Borneo" class="extiw" title="commons:Borneo">Commons</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239009302"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="World&#039;s_largest_islands" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:World%27s_largest_islands" title="Template:World's largest islands"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:World%27s_largest_islands" title="Template talk:World's largest islands"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:World%27s_largest_islands" title="Special:EditPage/Template:World's largest islands"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="World&#039;s_largest_islands" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/List_of_islands_by_area" title="List of islands by area">World's largest islands</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">100,000 km2 (38,610 sq mi) and greater</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Geography_of_Greenland" title="Geography of Greenland">Greenland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Guinea" title="New Guinea">New Guinea</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Borneo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geography_of_Madagascar" title="Geography of Madagascar">Madagascar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baffin_Island" title="Baffin Island">Baffin Island</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sumatra" title="Sumatra">Sumatra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Honshu" title="Honshu">Honshu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Victoria_Island" title="Victoria Island">Victoria Island</a> (Canada)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Great_Britain" title="Great Britain">Great Britain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ellesmere_Island" title="Ellesmere Island">Ellesmere Island</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sulawesi" title="Sulawesi">Sulawesi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Island" title="South Island">South Island</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Java" title="Java">Java</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_Island" title="North Island">North Island</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luzon" title="Luzon">Luzon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Newfoundland_(island)" title="Newfoundland (island)">Newfoundland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geography_of_Cuba" title="Geography of Cuba">Cuba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geography_of_Iceland" title="Geography of Iceland">Iceland</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="2" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><ul role="navigation" aria-label="Portals" class="noprint portalbox portalborder portalright"> <li class="portalbox-entry"><a href="/wiki/File:Ic%C3%B4ne_Ile.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Ic%C3%B4ne_Ile.svg/28px-Ic%C3%B4ne_Ile.svg.png" decoding="async" width="28" height="28" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Ic%C3%B4ne_Ile.svg/42px-Ic%C3%B4ne_Ile.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Ic%C3%B4ne_Ile.svg/56px-Ic%C3%B4ne_Ile.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="200" data-file-height="200" /></a><a href="/wiki/Portal:Islands" title="Portal:Islands">Islands portal</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">20,000–99,999 km2 (7,722–38,610 sq mi)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mindanao" title="Mindanao">Mindanao</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ireland" title="Ireland">Ireland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hokkaido" title="Hokkaido">Hokkaido</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hispaniola" title="Hispaniola">Hispaniola</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sakhalin" title="Sakhalin">Sakhalin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Banks_Island" title="Banks Island">Banks Island</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geography_of_Sri_Lanka" title="Geography of Sri Lanka">Sri Lanka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geography_of_Tasmania" title="Geography of Tasmania">Tasmania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Devon_Island" title="Devon Island">Devon Island</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexander_Island" title="Alexander Island">Alexander Island</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Severny_Island" title="Severny Island">Severny Island</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Isla_Grande_de_Tierra_del_Fuego" title="Isla Grande de Tierra del Fuego">Isla Grande de Tierra del Fuego</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Axel_Heiberg_Island" title="Axel Heiberg Island">Axel Heiberg Island</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Melville_Island_(Northwest_Territories_and_Nunavut)" title="Melville Island (Northwest Territories and Nunavut)">Melville Island</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Southampton_Island" title="Southampton Island">Southampton Island</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maraj%C3%B3" title="Marajó">Marajó</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spitsbergen" title="Spitsbergen">Spitsbergen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kyushu" title="Kyushu">Kyushu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geography_of_Taiwan" title="Geography of Taiwan">Taiwan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Britain" title="New Britain">New Britain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prince_of_Wales_Island_(Nunavut)" title="Prince of Wales Island (Nunavut)">Prince of Wales Island</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yuzhny_Island" title="Yuzhny Island">Yuzhny Island</a></li> <li><a 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