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precipitation</title> <meta name="description" content="Search results for: ethanol precipitation"> <meta name="keywords" content="ethanol precipitation"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="shortcut icon"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/fontawesome/css/all.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/css/site.css?v=150220211555" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <header> <div class="container"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://waset.org"> <img src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/images/wasetc.png" alt="Open Science Research Excellence" title="Open Science Research Excellence" /> </a> <button class="d-block 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action="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search"> <div id="custom-search-input"> <div class="input-group"> <i class="fas fa-search"></i> <input type="text" class="search-query" name="q" placeholder="Author, Title, Abstract, Keywords" value="ethanol precipitation"> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 1328</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: ethanol precipitation</h1> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1148</span> Protective Effect of Nigella sativa Oil and Its Neutral Lipid Fraction on Ethanol-Induced Hepatotoxicity in Rat Model</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Asma%20Mosbah">Asma Mosbah</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hanane%20Khither"> Hanane Khither</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kamelia%20Mosbah"> Kamelia Mosbah</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Noreddine%20Kacem%20Chaouche"> Noreddine Kacem Chaouche</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mustapha%20Benboubetra"> Mustapha Benboubetra</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In the present investigation, total oil (TO) and its neutral lipid fraction (NLF) extracted from the seed of the well know studied medicinal plant Nigella sativa were tested for their therapeutically effect on alcohol-induced liver injury in rat model. Male Albino rats were divided into five groups of eight animals each and fed a Lieber–DeCarli liquid diet containing 5% ethanol for experimental groups and dextran for control group, for a period of six weeks. Afterwards, rats received, orally, treatments with Nigella sativa extracts (TO, NLF) and N- acetylcysteine (NAC) as a positive control for four weeks. Activities of antioxidant enzymes; superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT), as well as malondialdehyde (MDA) and reduced glutathione (GSH). Biochemical parameters for kidney and liver functions, in treated and non treated rats, were evaluated throughout the time course of an experiment. Liver histological changes were taken into account. Enzymatic activities of both SOD and CAT increased significantly in rats treated with NLF and TO. While MDA level decreased in TO and NLF treated rats, GSH level increased significantly in TO and NLF treated rats. We noted equally a decrease in liver enzymes AST, ALT, and ALP. Microscopic observation of slides from the liver of ethanol treated rats showed a severe hepatotoxicity with lesions. Treatment with fractions leads to an improvement in liver lesions and a marked reduction in necrosis and infiltration. As a conclusion, both extracts of Nigella sativa seeds, TO and NLF, possess an important therapeutic protective potential against ethanol-induced hepatotoxicity in rats. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=alcohol-induced%20hepatotoxicity" title="alcohol-induced hepatotoxicity">alcohol-induced hepatotoxicity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=antioxidant%20enzymes" title=" antioxidant enzymes"> antioxidant enzymes</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nigella%20sativa%20seeds" title=" Nigella sativa seeds"> Nigella sativa seeds</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=oil%20fractions" title=" oil fractions"> oil fractions</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/86395/protective-effect-of-nigella-sativa-oil-and-its-neutral-lipid-fraction-on-ethanol-induced-hepatotoxicity-in-rat-model" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/86395.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">167</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1147</span> Design of a Standard Weather Data Acquisition Device for the Federal University of Technology, Akure Nigeria</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Isaac%20Kayode%20Ogunlade">Isaac Kayode Ogunlade</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Data acquisition (DAQ) is the process by which physical phenomena from the real world are transformed into an electrical signal(s) that are measured and converted into a digital format for processing, analysis, and storage by a computer. The DAQ is designed using PIC18F4550 microcontroller, communicating with Personal Computer (PC) through USB (Universal Serial Bus). The research deployed initial knowledge of data acquisition system and embedded system to develop a weather data acquisition device using LM35 sensor to measure weather parameters and the use of Artificial Intelligence(Artificial Neural Network - ANN)and statistical approach(Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average – ARIMA) to predict precipitation (rainfall). The device is placed by a standard device in the Department of Meteorology, Federal University of Technology, Akure (FUTA) to know the performance evaluation of the device. Both devices (standard and designed) were subjected to 180 days with the same atmospheric condition for data mining (temperature, relative humidity, and pressure). The acquired data is trained in MATLAB R2012b environment using ANN, and ARIMAto predict precipitation (rainfall). Root Mean Square Error (RMSE), Mean Absolute Error (MAE), Correction Square (R2), and Mean Percentage Error (MPE) was deplored as standardize evaluation to know the performance of the models in the prediction of precipitation. The results from the working of the developed device show that the device has an efficiency of 96% and is also compatible with Personal Computer (PC) and laptops. The simulation result for acquired data shows that ANN models precipitation (rainfall) prediction for two months (May and June 2017) revealed a disparity error of 1.59%; while ARIMA is 2.63%, respectively. The device will be useful in research, practical laboratories, and industrial environments. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=data%20acquisition%20system" title="data acquisition system">data acquisition system</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=design%20device" title=" design device"> design device</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=weather%20development" title=" weather development"> weather development</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=predict%20precipitation%20and%20%28FUTA%29%20standard%20device" title=" predict precipitation and (FUTA) standard device"> predict precipitation and (FUTA) standard device</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/149813/design-of-a-standard-weather-data-acquisition-device-for-the-federal-university-of-technology-akure-nigeria" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/149813.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">91</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1146</span> Nanoparticles Made from PNIPAM-G-PEO Double Hydrophilic Copolymers for Temperature-Controlled Drug Delivery</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Victoria%20I.%20Michailova">Victoria I. Michailova</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Denitsa%20B.%20Momekova"> Denitsa B. Momekova</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hristiana%20A.%20Velichkova"> Hristiana A. Velichkova</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Evgeni%20H.%20Ivanov"> Evgeni H. Ivanov</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The aim of this work is to design and develop thermo-responsive nanosized drug delivery systems based on poly(N-isopropylacrylamide)-g-poly(ethylene oxide) (PNIPAM-g-PEO) double hydrophilic graft copolymers. The PNIPAM-g-PEO copolymers are able to self-assemble in water into nanoparticles above the LCST of the thermo-responsive PNIPAM backbone and to disassemble and rapidly release the entrapped drugs upon cooling. However, their drug delivery applications are often hindered by their low loading capacity as the drugs to be encapsulated do not dissolve in water. In order to overcome this limitation, here we applied a low-temperature procedure with ethanol as an alternative route to the formation and loading a model hydrophobic drug, Indomethacin (IMC), into PNIPAM-g-PEO nanoparticles. The rationale for this approach was that ethanol dissolves both IMC and the copolymer and its mixing with water may induce micellization of PNIPAM-g-PEO at temperatures lower than the LCST. The influence of the volume fraction of ethanol and the temperature on the aggregation characteristics of PNIPAM-g-PEO copolymers (2.7 mol% PEO) was investigated by means of DLS, TEM and rheological dynamic oscillatory tests. The studies showed rich phase behavior at T < LCST, incl. the formation of highly solvated 500-1000 nm complex structures, 30-70 nm micelles and polymersomes as well as giant polymersomes, as the fraction of added ethanol increased. We believe that the PNIPAM-g-PEO self-assembly is favored due to the different solvation of its constituting blocks in ethanol-water mixtures. The incorporation of IMC led to alteration of the physicochemical and morphological characteristics of the blank nanoparticles. In this case, only monodisperse polymersomes and micelles were observed in the solutions with an average diameter less than 65 nm and substantial drug loading (DLC ~117 – 146 wt%). Indomethacin release from the nanoparticles was responsive to temperature changes, being much faster at a temperature of 42oC compared to that of 37oC under otherwise the same conditions. The results obtained suggest that these PNIPAM-g-PEO nanoparticles could be potential in mild hyper-thermic delivery of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=drug%20delivery" title="drug delivery">drug delivery</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nanoparticles" title=" nanoparticles"> nanoparticles</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=poly%28N-isopropylacryl%20amide%29-g-poly%28ethylene%20oxide%29" title=" poly(N-isopropylacryl amide)-g-poly(ethylene oxide)"> poly(N-isopropylacryl amide)-g-poly(ethylene oxide)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=thermo-responsive" title=" thermo-responsive"> thermo-responsive</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/47702/nanoparticles-made-from-pnipam-g-peo-double-hydrophilic-copolymers-for-temperature-controlled-drug-delivery" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/47702.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">288</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1145</span> Ethanol and Biomass Production from Spent Sulfite Liquor by Filamentous Fungi</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20T.%20Asadollahzadeh">M. T. Asadollahzadeh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Ghasemian"> A. Ghasemian</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20R.%20Saraeian"> A. R. Saraeian</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=H.%20Resalati"> H. Resalati</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=P.%20R.%20Lennartsson"> P. R. Lennartsson</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20J.%20Taherzadeh"> M. J. Taherzadeh</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Since filamentous fungi are capable of assimilating several types of sugars (hexoses and pentoses), they are potential candidates for bioconversion of spent sulfite liquor (SSL). Three filamentous fungi such as <em>Aspergillus oryzae</em>, <em>Mucor indicus</em>, and <em>Rhizopus oryzae</em> were investigated in this work. The SSL was diluted in order to obtain concentrations of 50, 60, 70, 80, and 90% and supplemented with two types of nutrients. The results from cultivations in shake flask showed that <em>A. oryzae</em> and <em>M. indicus</em> were not able to grow in pure SSL and SSL90% while <em>R. oryzae</em> could grow only in SSL50% and SSL60%. Cultivation with <em>A. oryzae</em> resulted in the highest yield of produced fungal biomass, while <em>R. oryzae</em> cultivation resulted in the lowest fungal biomass yield. Although, the mediums containing yeast extract, (NH<sub>4</sub>)<sub>2</sub>SO<sub>4</sub>, KH<sub>2</sub>PO<sub>4</sub>, CaCl<sub>2</sub>∙2H<sub>2</sub>O, and MgSO<sub>4</sub>∙7H<sub>2</sub>O as nutrients supplementations produced higher fungal biomass compared to the mediums containing NH<sub>4</sub>H<sub>2</sub>PO<sub>4</sub> and ammonia, but there was no significant difference between two types of nutrients in terms of sugars and acetic acid consumption rate. The sugars consumption in <em>M. indicus</em> cultivation was faster than <em>A. oryzae</em> and <em>R. oryzae</em> cultivation. Acetic acid present in SSL was completely consumed during cultivation of all fungi. <em>M. indicus</em> was the best and fastest ethanol producer from SSL among the fungi examined, when yeast extract and salts were used as nutrients supplementations. Furthermore, no further improvement in ethanol concentration and rate of sugars consumption was obtained in medium supplemented with NH<sub>4</sub>H<sub>2</sub>PO<sub>4</sub> and ammonia compared to medium containing yeast extract, (NH<sub>4</sub>)<sub>2</sub>SO<sub>4</sub>, KH<sub>2</sub>PO<sub>4</sub>, CaCl<sub>2</sub>∙2H<sub>2</sub>O, and MgSO<sub>4</sub>∙7H<sub>2</sub>O. On the other hand, the higher dilution of SSL resulted in a better fermentability, and better consumption of sugars and acetic acid. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ethanol" title="ethanol">ethanol</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=filamentous%20fungi" title=" filamentous fungi"> filamentous fungi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fungal%20biomass" title=" fungal biomass"> fungal biomass</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=spent%20sulfite%20liquor" title=" spent sulfite liquor"> spent sulfite liquor</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/53168/ethanol-and-biomass-production-from-spent-sulfite-liquor-by-filamentous-fungi" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/53168.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">254</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1144</span> Hydro-Meteorological Vulnerability and Planning in Urban Area: The Case of Yaoundé City in Cameroon</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ouabo%20Emmanuel%20Romaric">Ouabo Emmanuel Romaric</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Amougou%20Armathe"> Amougou Armathe</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Background and aim: The study of impacts of floods and landslides at a small scale, specifically in the urban areas of developing countries is done to provide tools and actors for a better management of risks in such areas, which are now being affected by climate change. The main objective of this study is to assess the hydrometeorological vulnerabilities associated with flooding and urban landslides to propose adaptation measures. Methods: Climatic data analyses were done by calculation of indices of climate change within 50 years (1960-2012). Analyses of field data to determine causes, the level of risk and its consequences on the area of study was carried out using SPSS 18 software. The cartographic analysis and GIS were used to refine the work in space. Then, spatial and terrain analyses were carried out to determine the morphology of field in relation with floods and landslide, and the diffusion on the field. Results: The interannual changes in precipitation has highlighted the surplus years (21), the deficit years (24) and normal years (7). Barakat method bring out evolution of precipitation by jerks and jumps. Floods and landslides are correlated to high precipitation during surplus and normal years. Data field analyses show that populations are conscious (78%) of the risks with 74% of them exposed, but their capacities of adaptation is very low (51%). Floods are the main risk. The soils are classed as feralitic (80%), hydromorphic (15%) and raw mineral (5%). Slope variation (5% to 15%) of small hills and deep valley with anarchic construction favor flood and landslide during heavy precipitation. Mismanagement of waste produce blocks free circulation of river and accentuate floods. Conclusion: Vulnerability of population to hydrometeorological risks in Yaoundé VI is the combination of variation of parameters like precipitation, temperature due to climate change, and the bad planning of construction in urban areas. Because of lack of channels for water to circulate due to saturation of soils, the increase of heavy precipitation and mismanagement of waste, the result are floods and landslides which causes many damages on goods and people. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=climate%20change" title="climate change">climate change</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=floods" title=" floods"> floods</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hydrometeorological" title=" hydrometeorological"> hydrometeorological</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=vulnerability" title=" vulnerability"> vulnerability</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/22408/hydro-meteorological-vulnerability-and-planning-in-urban-area-the-case-of-yaounde-city-in-cameroon" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/22408.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">466</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1143</span> A Comparative Analysis of Geometric and Exponential Laws in Modelling the Distribution of the Duration of Daily Precipitation</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mounia%20El%20Hafyani">Mounia El Hafyani</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Khalid%20El%20Himdi"> Khalid El Himdi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Precipitation is one of the key variables in water resource planning. The importance of modeling wet and dry durations is a crucial pointer in engineering hydrology. The objective of this study is to model and analyze the distribution of wet and dry durations. For this purpose, the daily rainfall data from 1967 to 2017 of the Moroccan city of Kenitra’s station are used. Three models are implemented for the distribution of wet and dry durations, namely the first-order Markov chain, the second-order Markov chain, and the truncated negative binomial law. The adherence of the data to the proposed models is evaluated using Chi-square and Kolmogorov-Smirnov tests. The Akaike information criterion is applied to assess the most effective model distribution. We go further and study the law of the number of wet and dry days among k consecutive days. The calculation of this law is done through an algorithm that we have implemented based on conditional laws. We complete our work by comparing the observed moments of the numbers of wet/dry days among k consecutive days to the calculated moment of the three estimated models. The study shows the effectiveness of our approach in modeling wet and dry durations of daily precipitation. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Markov%20chain" title="Markov chain">Markov chain</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rainfall" title=" rainfall"> rainfall</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=truncated%20negative%20binomial%20law" title=" truncated negative binomial law"> truncated negative binomial law</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=wet%20and%20dry%20durations" title=" wet and dry durations"> wet and dry durations</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/134552/a-comparative-analysis-of-geometric-and-exponential-laws-in-modelling-the-distribution-of-the-duration-of-daily-precipitation" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/134552.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">125</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1142</span> The Impacts of Land Use Change and Extreme Precipitation Events on Ecosystem Services</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Szu-Hua%20Wang">Szu-Hua Wang</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Urban areas contain abundant potential biochemical storages and renewable and non-renewable flows. Urban natural environments for breeding natural assets and urban economic development for maintaining urban functions can be analyzed form the concept of ecological economic system. Land use change and ecosystem services change are resulting from the interactions between human activities and environments factually. Land use change due to human activities is the major cause of climate change, leading to serious impacts on urban ecosystem services, including provisioning services, regulating services, cultural services and supporting services. However, it lacks discussion on the interactions among urban land use change, ecosystem services change, and extreme precipitation events. Energy synthesis can use the same measure standard unit, solar energy, for different energy resources (e.g. sunlight, water, fossil fuels, minerals, etc.) and analyze contributions of various natural environmental resources on human economic systems. Therefore, this research adopts the concept of ecological, economic systems and energy synthesis for analyzing dynamic spatial impacts of land use change on ecosystem services, using the Taipei area as a case study. The analysis results show that changes in land use in the Taipei area, especially the conversion of natural lands and agricultural lands to urban lands, affect the ecosystem services negatively. These negative effects become more significant during the extreme precipitation events. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=urban%20ecological%20economic%20system" title="urban ecological economic system">urban ecological economic system</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=extreme%20precipitation%20events" title=" extreme precipitation events"> extreme precipitation events</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ecosystem%20services" title=" ecosystem services"> ecosystem services</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=energy" title=" energy"> energy</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/91043/the-impacts-of-land-use-change-and-extreme-precipitation-events-on-ecosystem-services" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/91043.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">190</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1141</span> Ultrasound-Mediated Separation of Ethanol, Methanol, and Butanol from Their Aqueous Solutions </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ozan%20Kahraman">Ozan Kahraman</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hao%20Feng"> Hao Feng</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Ultrasonic atomization (UA) is a useful technique for producing a liquid spray for various processes, such as spray drying. Ultrasound generates small droplets (a few microns in diameter) by disintegration of the liquid via cavitation and/or capillary waves, with low range velocity and narrow droplet size distribution. In recent years, UA has been investigated as an alternative for enabling or enhancing ultrasound-mediated unit operations, such as evaporation, separation, and purification. The previous studies on the UA separation of a solvent from a bulk solution were limited to ethanol-water systems. More investigations into ultrasound-mediated separation for other liquid systems are needed to elucidate the separation mechanism. This study was undertaken to investigate the effects of the operational parameters on the ultrasound-mediated separation of three miscible liquid pairs: ethanol-, methanol-, and butanol-water. A 2.4 MHz ultrasonic mister with a diameter of 18 mm and rating power of 24 W was installed on the bottom of a custom-designed cylindrical separation unit. Air was supplied to the unit (3 to 4 L/min.) as a carrier gas to collect the mist. The effects of the initial alcohol concentration, viscosity, and temperature (10, 30 and 50°C) on the atomization rates were evaluated. The alcohol concentration in the collected mist was measured with high performance liquid chromatography and a refractometer. The viscosity of the solutions was determined using a Brookfield digital viscometer. The alcohol concentration of the atomized mist was dependent on the feed concentration, feed rate, viscosity, and temperature. Increasing the temperature of the alcohol-water mixtures from 10 to 50°C increased the vapor pressure of both the alcohols and water, resulting in an increase in the atomization rates but a decrease in the separation efficiency. The alcohol concentration in the mist was higher than that of the alcohol-water equilibrium at all three temperatures. More importantly, for ethanol, the ethanol concentration in the mist went beyond the azeotropic point, which cannot be achieved by conventional distillation. Ultrasound-mediated separation is a promising non-equilibrium method for separating and purifying alcohols, which may result in significant energy reductions and process intensification. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=azeotropic%20mixtures" title="azeotropic mixtures">azeotropic mixtures</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=distillation" title=" distillation"> distillation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=evaporation" title=" evaporation"> evaporation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=purification" title=" purification"> purification</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=seperation" title=" seperation"> seperation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ultrasonic%20atomization" title=" ultrasonic atomization"> ultrasonic atomization</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/86780/ultrasound-mediated-separation-of-ethanol-methanol-and-butanol-from-their-aqueous-solutions" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/86780.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">180</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1140</span> Hydrothermal Synthesis of ZIF-7 Crystals and Their Composite ZIF-7/CS Membranes for Water/Ethanol Separation</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kai-Sheng%20Ji">Kai-Sheng Ji</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yi-Feng%20Lin"> Yi-Feng Lin</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The pervaporation process for solvent and water separation has attracted research attention due to its lower energy consumption compared with conventional distillation processes. The membranes used for the pervaporation approach should exhibit high flux and separation factors. In this study, the ZIF-7 crystal particles were successfully incorporated into chitosan (CS) membranes to form ZIF-7/CS mixed-matrix membranes. The as-prepared ZIF-7/CS mixed-matrix membranes were used to separate mixtures of water/ethanol at 25℃ in the pervaporation process. The mixed-matrix membranes with different ZIF-7 wt% incorporation showed better separation efficiency than the pristine CS membranes because of the smaller pore size of the mixed-matrix membranes. The separation factor and the flux of the ZIF-7/CS membranes clearly exceed the upper limit of the previously reported CS-based and mixed-matrix membranes. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pervaporation" title="pervaporation">pervaporation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=chitosan" title=" chitosan"> chitosan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ZIF-7" title=" ZIF-7"> ZIF-7</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=memberane%20separation" title=" memberane separation"> memberane separation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/21520/hydrothermal-synthesis-of-zif-7-crystals-and-their-composite-zif-7cs-membranes-for-waterethanol-separation" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/21520.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">430</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1139</span> Comparison of Statistical Methods for Estimating Missing Precipitation Data in the River Subbasin Lenguazaque, Colombia</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Miguel%20Ca%C3%B1on">Miguel Cañon</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Darwin%20Mena"> Darwin Mena</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ivan%20Cabeza"> Ivan Cabeza</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this work was compared and evaluated the applicability of statistical methods for the estimation of missing precipitations data in the basin of the river Lenguazaque located in the departments of Cundinamarca and Boyacá, Colombia. The methods used were the method of simple linear regression, distance rate, local averages, mean rates, correlation with nearly stations and multiple regression method. The analysis used to determine the effectiveness of the methods is performed by using three statistical tools, the correlation coefficient (r2), standard error of estimation and the test of agreement of Bland and Altmant. The analysis was performed using real rainfall values removed randomly in each of the seasons and then estimated using the methodologies mentioned to complete the missing data values. So it was determined that the methods with the highest performance and accuracy in the estimation of data according to conditions that were counted are the method of multiple regressions with three nearby stations and a random application scheme supported in the precipitation behavior of related data sets. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=statistical%20comparison" title="statistical comparison">statistical comparison</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=precipitation%20data" title=" precipitation data"> precipitation data</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=river%20subbasin" title=" river subbasin"> river subbasin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bland%20and%20Altmant" title=" Bland and Altmant "> Bland and Altmant </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/21617/comparison-of-statistical-methods-for-estimating-missing-precipitation-data-in-the-river-subbasin-lenguazaque-colombia" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/21617.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">467</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1138</span> Phytochemial Screening, Anti-Microbial and Mineral Determination of Brysocarpus coccineus Root</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=I.%20L.%20Ibrahim">I. L. Ibrahim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Mann"> A. Mann</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Ndanaimi"> A. Ndanaimi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The research involved phytochemical screening, antibacterial activities and mineral determination by flame photometry of the crude extract of Brysocarpus coccineus schum indeed were carried out. The result of Phytochemical screening reveal tha saponins, alkaloids, cardiac glycosides, and anthraquinones were present. This suggests that the plant extract could be used as anti-inflammatory and anti-bleeding agents. Estimation of mineral content shows that the crude extract of B. coccineus contains 0.73 (Na+), 1.06 (K+) and 1.98 (Ca+) which justifies its use to be safe for hypertensive patients and could be used to lower blood pressure. The antibacterial properties of aqueous and ethanol extract were studied against some bacteria; pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli, Bacilus subtilis, Klebsilla penmuoniae by disc diffusion method. The aqueous extract showed significant activity against the organisms while the ethanol at concentrations 5-10mg/ml ethanol extract showed significant zone of inhibition against the organisms, E. coli, (19 mm), B. cereus (12 mm), P. aeruginosa (11 mm), K. pnemuoniae (11 mm). Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) was carried with considerable effect of inhibition on the organisms. The MIC values observed were 1, 24, 16 and 19 mm against E. coli, B. cereus, P. aeruginosa and K. pnemuoniae respectively. Therefore, the plant could be a potential source of antibacterial agent although more pharmacological and clinical study may be recommended. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=phytochemicals" title="phytochemicals">phytochemicals</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=microorganisms" title=" microorganisms"> microorganisms</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=screenings" title=" screenings"> screenings</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mineral%20ions" title=" mineral ions"> mineral ions</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/38304/phytochemial-screening-anti-microbial-and-mineral-determination-of-brysocarpus-coccineus-root" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/38304.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">413</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1137</span> Luminescent Enhancement with Morphology Controlled Gd2O3:Eu Phosphors</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ruby%20Priya">Ruby Priya</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Om%20Parkash%20Pandey"> Om Parkash Pandey</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Eu doped Gd₂O₃ phosphors are synthesized via co-precipitation method using ammonia as a precipitating agent. The concentration of the Eu was set as 4 mol% for all the samples. The effect of the surfactants (CTAB, PEG, and SDS) on the structural, morphological and luminescent properties has been studied in details. The as-synthesized phosphors were characterized by X-ray diffraction technique, Field emission scanning electron microscopy, Fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy and photoluminescence technique. It was observed that the surfactants have not changed the crystal structure, but influenced the morphology of as-synthesized phosphors to a great extent. The as-synthesized phosphors are expected to be promising candidates for optoelectronic devices, biosensors, MRI contrast agents and various biomedical applications. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=co-precipitation" title="co-precipitation">co-precipitation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Europium" title=" Europium"> Europium</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=photoluminescence" title=" photoluminescence"> photoluminescence</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=surfactants" title=" surfactants"> surfactants</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/108613/luminescent-enhancement-with-morphology-controlled-gd2o3eu-phosphors" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/108613.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">185</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1136</span> Ultrasonic Irradiation Synthesis of High-Performance Pd@Copper Nanowires/MultiWalled Carbon Nanotubes-Chitosan Electrocatalyst by Galvanic Replacement toward Ethanol Oxidation in Alkaline Media</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Majid%20Farsadrouh%20Rashti">Majid Farsadrouh Rashti</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Amir%20Shafiee%20Kisomi"> Amir Shafiee Kisomi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Parisa%20Jahani"> Parisa Jahani</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The direct ethanol fuel cells (DEFCs) are contemplated as a promising energy source because, In addition to being used in portable electronic devices, it is also used for electric vehicles. The synthesis of bimetallic nanostructures due to their novel optical, catalytic and electronic characteristic which is precisely in contrast to their monometallic counterparts is attracting extensive attention. Galvanic replacement (sometimes is named to as cementation or immersion plating) is an uncomplicated and effective technique for making nanostructures (such as core-shell) of different metals, semiconductors, and their application in DEFCs. The replacement of galvanic does not need any external power supply compared to electrodeposition. In addition, it is different from electroless deposition because there is no need for a reducing agent to replace galvanizing. In this paper, a fast method for the palladium (Pd) wire nanostructures synthesis with the great surface area through galvanic replacement reaction utilizing copper nanowires (CuNWS) as a template by the assistance of ultrasound under room temperature condition is proposed. To evaluate the morphology and composition of Pd@ Copper nanowires/MultiWalled Carbon nanotubes-Chitosan, emission scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy were applied. In order to measure the phase structure of the electrocatalysts were performed via room temperature X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) applying an X-ray diffractometer. Various electrochemical techniques including chronoamperometry and cyclic voltammetry were utilized for the electrocatalytic activity of ethanol electrooxidation and durability in basic solution. Pd@ Copper nanowires/MultiWalled Carbon nanotubes-Chitosan catalyst demonstrated substantially enhanced performance and long-term stability for ethanol electrooxidation in the basic solution in comparison to commercial Pd/C that demonstrated the potential in utilizing Pd@ Copper nanowires/MultiWalled Carbon nanotubes-Chitosan as efficient catalysts towards ethanol oxidation. Noticeably, the Pd@ Copper nanowires/MultiWalled Carbon nanotubes-Chitosan presented excellent catalytic activities with a peak current density of 320.73 mAcm² which was 9.5 times more than in comparison to Pd/C (34.2133 mAcm²). Additionally, activation energy thermodynamic and kinetic evaluations revealed that the Pd@ Copper nanowires/MultiWalled Carbon nanotubes-Chitosan catalyst has lower compared to Pd/C which leads to a lower energy barrier and an excellent charge transfer rate towards ethanol oxidation. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=core-shell%20structure" title="core-shell structure">core-shell structure</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=electrocatalyst" title=" electrocatalyst"> electrocatalyst</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ethanol%20oxidation" title=" ethanol oxidation"> ethanol oxidation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=galvanic%20replacement%20reaction" title=" galvanic replacement reaction"> galvanic replacement reaction</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/95906/ultrasonic-irradiation-synthesis-of-high-performance-pd-at-copper-nanowiresmultiwalled-carbon-nanotubes-chitosan-electrocatalyst-by-galvanic-replacement-toward-ethanol-oxidation-in-alkaline-media" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/95906.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">147</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1135</span> Characterization of Climatic Drought in the Saiss Plateau (Morocco) Using Statistical Indices</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abdeghani%20Qadem">Abdeghani Qadem</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Climate change is now an undeniable reality with increasing impacts on water systems worldwide, especially leading to severe drought episodes. The Southern Mediterranean region is particularly affected by this drought, which can have devastating consequences on water resources. Morocco, due to its geographical location in North Africa and the Southern Mediterranean, is especially vulnerable to these effects of climate change, particularly drought. In this context, this article focuses on the study of climate variability and drought characteristics in the Saiss Plateau region and its adjacent areas with the Middle Atlas, using specific statistical indices. The study begins by analyzing the annual precipitation variation, with a particular emphasis on data homogenization and gap filling using a regional vector. Then, the analysis delves into drought episodes in the region, using the Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI) over a 12-month period. The central objective is to accurately assess significant drought changes between 1980 and 2015, based on data collected from nine meteorological stations located in the study area. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=climate%20variability" title="climate variability">climate variability</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=regional%20vector" title=" regional vector"> regional vector</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=drought" title=" drought"> drought</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=standardized%20precipitation%20index" title=" standardized precipitation index"> standardized precipitation index</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Saiss%20Plateau" title=" Saiss Plateau"> Saiss Plateau</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=middle%20atlas" title=" middle atlas"> middle atlas</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/173990/characterization-of-climatic-drought-in-the-saiss-plateau-morocco-using-statistical-indices" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/173990.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">68</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1134</span> Potency of Strophanthus hispidus Stem Bark in the Management of Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Rats</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Osibemhe">M. Osibemhe</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=I.%20O.%20Onoagbe"> I. O. Onoagbe</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Diabetes mellitus is a common disease that has no known cure. The available orthodox drugs used for its management have one or more disadvantages. This study investigated the potency of aqueous and ethanol extracts of Strophanthus hispidus (SH) stem bark in the management of diabetes mellitus. Glucose concentration and lipid profile parameters of normal and streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats were monitored for 12weeks. Diabetes mellitus was induced by intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (55 mg/kg). Male rats (wistar strain) numbering 30 were randomly selected into six groups of five rats each. Groups 1 and 6 served as normal and diabetic control respectively and received distilled water for 12weeks. Groups 2 and 3 were normal rats treated orally with the aid of a gavage, 250 mg/kg of aqueous and ethanol extracts respectively for 12weeks. Groups 4 and 5 were diabetic rats and were treated with the respective dose of aqueous and ethanol extracts for the same period. A significant (P˂0.05) progressive decrease in blood glucose concentrations of both normal and diabetic rats treated with the extracts were observed from the 2nd to 12th weeks when compared with the respective controls. No significant (P˃0.05) effects were observed in the basal values of both normal and diabetic rats. Administration of both extracts of SH to diabetic rats significantly (P˂0.05) lowered the concentrations of Total cholesterol, TG, and LDL, whereas it increases the concentration of HDL when compared with diabetic control. The concentrations of total cholesterol and LDL in normal rats treated with SH were also reduced when compared with normal control whereas SH had no significant (P˃0.05) effect on HDL. However, TG level of normal control was significantly (P˂0.05) lower than normal rats treated with both extracts. A progressive increase in weight of normal and diabetic rats treated with the extracts was observed on the 2nd – 12th weeks of administration, whereas diabetic control showed a progressive decrease in weight. The findings from this study indicated that SH has hypoglycemic and anti-lipidemic properties as well as anti-diabetic potentials. It also showed that ethanol extract had greater glucose lowering effect. Hence, SH may be considered as a potent anti-diabetic plant and could be used as alternative drug for the management of diabetes mellitus. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=concentration" title="concentration">concentration</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ethanol%20extract" title=" ethanol extract"> ethanol extract</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hypoglycemic" title=" hypoglycemic"> hypoglycemic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=total%20cholesterol" title=" total cholesterol"> total cholesterol</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/52175/potency-of-strophanthus-hispidus-stem-bark-in-the-management-of-streptozotocin-induced-diabetic-rats" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/52175.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">216</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1133</span> Studies on the Applicability of Artificial Neural Network (ANN) in Prediction of Thermodynamic Behavior of Sodium Chloride Aqueous System Containing a Non-Electrolytes</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Dariush%20Jafari">Dariush Jafari</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20Mostafa%20Nowee"> S. Mostafa Nowee</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this study a ternary system containing sodium chloride as solute, water as primary solvent and ethanol as the antisolvent was considered to investigate the application of artificial neural network (ANN) in prediction of sodium solubility in the mixture of water as the solvent and ethanol as the antisolvent. The system was previously studied using by Extended UNIQUAC model by the authors of this study. The comparison between the results of the two models shows an excellent agreement between them (R2=0.99), and also approves the capability of ANN to predict the thermodynamic behavior of ternary electrolyte systems which are difficult to model. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=thermodynamic%20modeling" title="thermodynamic modeling">thermodynamic modeling</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ANN" title=" ANN"> ANN</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=solubility" title=" solubility"> solubility</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ternary%20electrolyte%20system" title=" ternary electrolyte system"> ternary electrolyte system</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/18933/studies-on-the-applicability-of-artificial-neural-network-ann-in-prediction-of-thermodynamic-behavior-of-sodium-chloride-aqueous-system-containing-a-non-electrolytes" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/18933.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">385</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1132</span> Optimization of the Co-Precipitation of Industrial Waste Metals in a Continuous Reactor System</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Thomas%20S.%20Abia%20II">Thomas S. Abia II</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Citlali%20Garcia-Saucedo"> Citlali Garcia-Saucedo</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> A continuous copper precipitation treatment (CCPT) system was conceived at Intel Chandler Site to serve as a first-of-kind (FOK) facility-scale waste copper (Cu), nickel (Ni), and manganese (Mn) co-precipitation facility. The process was designed to treat highly variable wastewater discharged from a substrate packaging research factory. The paper discusses metals co-precipitation induced by internal changes for manufacturing facilities that lack the capacity for hardware expansion due to real estate restrictions, aggressive schedules, or budgetary constraints. Herein, operating parameters such as pH and oxidation reduction potential (ORP) were examined to analyze the ability of the CCPT System to immobilize various waste metals. Additionally, influential factors such as influent concentrations and retention times were investigated to quantify the environmental variability against system performance. A total of 2,027 samples were analyzed and statistically evaluated to measure the performance of CCPT that was internally retrofitted for Mn abatement to meet environmental regulations. In order to enhance the consistency of the influent, a separate holding tank was cannibalized from another system to collect and slow-feed the segregated Mn wastewater from the factory into CCPT. As a result, the baseline influent Mn decreased from 17.2<u>+</u>18.7 mg<sup>1</sup>L<sup>-1</sup> at pre-pilot to 5.15<u>+</u>8.11 mg<sup>1</sup>L<sup>-1</sup> post-pilot (70.1% reduction). Likewise, the pre-trial and post-trial average influent Cu values to CCPT were 52.0<u>+</u>54.6 mg<sup>1</sup>L<sup>-1</sup> and 33.9<u>+</u>12.7 mg<sup>1</sup>L<sup>-1</sup>, respectively (34.8% reduction). However, the raw Ni content of 0.97<u>+</u>0.39 mg<sup>1</sup>L<sup>-1</sup> at pre-pilot increased to 1.06<u>+</u>0.17 mg<sup>1</sup>L<sup>-1</sup> at post-pilot. The average Mn output declined from 10.9<u>+</u>11.7 mg<sup>1</sup>L<sup>-1</sup> at pre-pilot to 0.44<u>+</u>1.33 mg<sup>1</sup>L<sup>-1</sup> at post-pilot (96.0% reduction) as a result of the pH and ORP operating setpoint changes. In similar fashion, the output Cu quality improved from 1.60<u>+</u>5.38 mg<sup>1</sup>L<sup>-1</sup> to 0.55<u>+</u>1.02 mg<sup>1</sup>L<sup>-1</sup> (65.6% reduction) while the Ni output sustained a 50% enhancement during the pilot study (0.22<u>+</u>0.19 mg<sup>1</sup>L<sup>-1</sup> reduced to 0.11<u>+</u>0.06 mg<sup>1</sup>L<sup>-1</sup>). pH and ORP were shown to be significantly instrumental to the precipitative versatility of the CCPT System. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=copper" title="copper">copper</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=co-precipitation" title=" co-precipitation"> co-precipitation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=industrial%20wastewater%20treatment" title=" industrial wastewater treatment"> industrial wastewater treatment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=manganese" title=" manganese"> manganese</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=optimization" title=" optimization"> optimization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pilot%20study" title=" pilot study"> pilot study</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/70463/optimization-of-the-co-precipitation-of-industrial-waste-metals-in-a-continuous-reactor-system" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/70463.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">269</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1131</span> The Effect of Tribulus Terresteris on Histomorphometrical Changes of Testis Induced by Ethanol Administration in Male Wistar Rats</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Arash%20Esfandiari">Arash Esfandiari</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ebrahim%20Parsaei"> Ebrahim Parsaei</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The purpose of this research was to survey the effect of tribulus terresteris on histomorphometrical changes of testis induced by ethanol administration in male wistar rats. Fifteen male wistar rats divided into three groups: 1- control group (n=5). 2- Experimental group I (IP received 1 mg/gr Alcohole 20% for 30 days) (n=5). 3- Experimental group II (IP received 1 mg/gr Alcohole 20% for 30 days and IP received 100 mg/kg tribulus terresteris 15 days before received Alcohole for 45 days) (n=5). All procedures and care of the animals were conducted following protocols approved by the ethical committee (Iranian Society for the Prevention of cruelty to animal, and Iranian Veterinary Organization). Results showed that the thickness of the wall of seminiferous tubule, the weight of testis, the number of spermatogenic cells were decreased in experimental group I. In addition, all of these parameters were increased in experimental group II compared with experimental group I. These decrement of all of parameters in experimental group I with significant difference in comparison control group (p≤ 0.05). But all of parameters had increment in experimental group II with no significant difference compared with control group (p≥ 0.05) and significant difference with experimental group I (p≤ 0.05).It is concluded that tribulus terresteris may prevent from reducing the number of spermatogenic cell that has been created by the consumption of alcohole. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ethanol" title="ethanol">ethanol</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=histomorphometric" title=" histomorphometric"> histomorphometric</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=testis" title=" testis"> testis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=teribulus%20terresteris" title=" teribulus terresteris"> teribulus terresteris</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/19715/the-effect-of-tribulus-terresteris-on-histomorphometrical-changes-of-testis-induced-by-ethanol-administration-in-male-wistar-rats" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/19715.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">605</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1130</span> Process Development for the Conversion of Organic Waste into Valuable Products</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ife%20O.%20Bolaji">Ife O. Bolaji</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Environmental concerns arising from the use of fossil fuels has increased the interest in the development of renewable and sustainable sources of energy. This would minimize the dependence on fossil fuels and serve as future alternatives. Organic wastes contain carbohydrates, proteins and lipids, which can be utilised as carbon sources for the production of bio-based products. Cellulose is the most abundant natural biopolymer, being the main structural component of lignocellulosic materials. The aim of this project is to develop a biological process for the hydrolysis and fermentation of organic wastes into ethanol and organic acids. The hydrolysis and fermentation processes are integrated in a single vessel using undefined mixed culture microorganisms. The anaerobic fermentation of microcrystalline cellulose was investigated in continuous and batch reactors at 25°C with an appropriate growth medium for cellulase formation, hydrolysis, and fermentation. The reactors were inoculated with soil (B1, C1, C3) or sludge from an anaerobic digester (B2, C2) and the breakdown of cellulose was monitored by measuring the production of ethanol, organic acids and the residual cellulose. The batch reactors B1 and B2 showed negligible microbial activity due to inhibition while the continuous reactors, C1, C2 and C3, exhibited little cellulose hydrolysis which was concealed by the cellulose accumulation in the reactor. At the end of the continuous operation, the reactors C1, C2 and C3 were operated under batch conditions. 48%, 34% and 42% cellulose had been fermented by day 88, 55 and 55 respectively of the batch fermentation. Acetic acid, ethanol, propionic acid and butyric acids were the main fermentation products in the reactors. A stable concentration of 0.6 g/l ethanol and 5 g/L acetic acid was maintained in C3 for several weeks due to reduced activity of methanogens caused by the decrease in pH. Thus far, the results have demonstrated that mixed microbial culture is capable of hydrolysing and fermenting cellulose under lenient conditions. The fermentation of cellulose has been found effective in a combination of continuous and batch processes. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cellulose" title="cellulose">cellulose</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hydrolysis" title=" hydrolysis"> hydrolysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mixed%20culture" title=" mixed culture"> mixed culture</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=organic%20waste" title=" organic waste"> organic waste</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/40539/process-development-for-the-conversion-of-organic-waste-into-valuable-products" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/40539.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">367</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1129</span> Flow-Through Supercritical Installation for Producing Biodiesel Fuel</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Y.%20A.%20Shapovalov">Y. A. Shapovalov</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=F.%20M.%20Gumerov"> F. M. Gumerov</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20K.%20Nauryzbaev"> M. K. Nauryzbaev</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20V.%20Mazanov"> S. V. Mazanov</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=R.%20A.%20Usmanov"> R. A. Usmanov</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20V.%20Klinov"> A. V. Klinov</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=L.%20K.%20Safiullina"> L. K. Safiullina</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20A.%20Soshin"> S. A. Soshin</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> A flow-through installation was created and manufactured for the transesterification of triglycerides of fatty acids and production of biodiesel fuel under supercritical fluid conditions. Transesterification of rapeseed oil with ethanol was carried out according to two parameters: temperature and the ratio of alcohol/oil mixture at the constant pressure of 19 MPa. The kinetics of the yield of fatty acids ethyl esters (FAEE) was determined in the temperature range of 320-380 °C at the alcohol/oil molar ratio of 6:1-20:1. The content of the formed FAEE was determined by the method of correlation of the resulting biodiesel fuel by its kinematic viscosity. The maximum FAEE yield (about 90%) was obtained within 30 min at the ethanol/oil molar ratio of 12:1 and a temperature of 380 °C. When studying of transesterification of triglycerides, a kinetic model of an isothermal flow reactor was used. The reaction order implemented in the flow reactor has been determined. The first order of the reaction was confirmed by data on the conversion of FAEE during the reaction at different temperatures and the molar ratios of the initial reagents (ethanol/oil). Using the Arrhenius equation, the values of the effective constants of the transesterification reaction rate were calculated at different reaction temperatures. In addition, based on the experimental data, the activation energy and the pre-exponential factor of the transesterification reaction were determined. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=biodiesel" title="biodiesel">biodiesel</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fatty%20acid%20esters" title=" fatty acid esters"> fatty acid esters</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=supercritical%20fluid%20technology" title=" supercritical fluid technology"> supercritical fluid technology</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=transesterification" title=" transesterification"> transesterification</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/124693/flow-through-supercritical-installation-for-producing-biodiesel-fuel" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/124693.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">114</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1128</span> Anti-Implantation Activity of Kepel (Stelechocarpus burahol) Pulp Ethanol Extract in Female Mice </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Suparmi">Suparmi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Israhnanto%20Isradji"> Israhnanto Isradji</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Dina%20Fatmawati"> Dina Fatmawati</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Iwang%20Yusuf"> Iwang Yusuf</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Kepel (Stelechocarpus burahol) is one of the traditional plants originating from Indonesia that can be used to prevent pregnancy, launched urine and kidney inflammation. Kepel pulp has compounds alkaloid, triterpenoid, tannin, saponin, and flavonoid, when used will give the hormonal and cytotoxic effect. This study was aimed at evaluating ethanol extract of kepel in vivo for anti-implantation activities. In this experimental study with post test only control group design, 20 female mice were randomly divided into 4 groups. It was divided into the control, the 0,65 mg dose, 1,3 mg dose, and 3,6 mg dose of kepel pulp extract group. The extract soluted in DMSO’s solution and was given 1 ml per mice. The extract was given 10 days before copulation until 18 days of pregnancy. Then, the number of implantation, presence of fetus, and embrio resorbtion were recorded and used to calculate the percentage anti-implantation effect. The results were tested by One-way ANOVA. The mean number of implantation in group control, 0,65 mg;1,3 mg; and 2,6 mg were 5,60±1,14; 6,20± 1,64; 7,60±1,51; 8,00± 1,58, respectively. One way Annova test showed that there is no significant difference in the number of implantation between the group (p > 0,05). The administration of kepel pulp ethanol extract had no effect on the percentage anti-implantation effect and the number of and embrio resorbtion. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=antiimplantation" title="antiimplantation">antiimplantation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fetus" title=" fetus"> fetus</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Stelechocarpus%20burahol" title=" Stelechocarpus burahol"> Stelechocarpus burahol</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=flavonoid" title=" flavonoid"> flavonoid</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/31546/anti-implantation-activity-of-kepel-stelechocarpus-burahol-pulp-ethanol-extract-in-female-mice" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/31546.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">436</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1127</span> Technologies for Phosphorus Removal from Wastewater: Review</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Thandie%20Veronicah%20Sima">Thandie Veronicah Sima</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Moatlhodi%20Wiseman%20Letshwenyo"> Moatlhodi Wiseman Letshwenyo</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Discharge of wastewater is one of the major sources of phosphorus entering streams, lakes and other water bodies causing undesired environmental problem such as eutrophication. This condition not only puts the ecosystem at risk but also causes severe economic damages. Stringent laws have been developed globally by different bodies to control the level of phosphorus concentrations into receiving environments. In order to satisfy the constraints, a high degree of tertiary treatment or at least a significant reduction of phosphorus concentration is obligatory. This comprehensive review summarizes phosphorus removal technologies, from the most commonly used conventional technologies such as chemical precipitation through metal addition, membrane filtration, reverse osmosis and enhanced biological phosphorus removal using activated sludge system to passive systems such as constructed wetlands and filtration systems. Trends, perspectives and scientific procedures conducted by different researchers have been presented. This review critically evaluates the advantages and limitations behind each of the technologies. Enhancement of passive systems using reactive media such as industrial wastes to provide additional uptake through adsorption or precipitation is also discussed in this article. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=adsorption" title="adsorption">adsorption</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=chemical%20precipitation" title=" chemical precipitation"> chemical precipitation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=enhanced%20biological%20phosphorus%20removal" title=" enhanced biological phosphorus removal"> enhanced biological phosphorus removal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=phosphorus%20removal" title=" phosphorus removal"> phosphorus removal</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/36034/technologies-for-phosphorus-removal-from-wastewater-review" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/36034.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">325</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1126</span> Evaluation of the Anti Ulcer Activity of Ethyl Acetate Fraction of Methanol Leaf Extract of Clerodendrum Capitatum</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20N.%20Ofokansi">M. N. Ofokansi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Onyemelukwe%20Chisom"> Onyemelukwe Chisom</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Amauche%20Chukwuemeka"> Amauche Chukwuemeka</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ezema%20Onyinye"> Ezema Onyinye</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The leaves of Clerodendrumcapitatum(Lamiaceae) is mostly used in the treatment of gastric ulcer in Nigerian folk medicine. The aim of this study was to evaluate the antiulcer activity of its crude methanol leaf extract and its ethyl acetate fraction in white albino rats. The effect of crude methanol leaf extract and its ethyl acetate fraction(250mg/kg, 500mg/kg) was evaluated using an absolute ethanol induced ulcer model. Crude methanol leaf extract and the ethyl acetate fraction was treated with distilled water and 6% Tween 80, respectively. crude methanol leaf extract was further investigated using a pylorus ligation induced ulcer model. Omeprazole was used as the standard treatment. Four groups of five albino rats of either sex were used. Parameters such as mean ulcer index and percentage ulcer protection were assessed in the ethanol-induced ulcer model, while the gastric volume, pH, and total acidity were assessed in the pyloric ligation induced ulcer model. Crude methanol leaf extract of Clerodendrumcapitatum(500mg/kg) showed a very highly significant reduction in mean ulcer index(p<0.001) in the absolute ethanol-induced model. ethyl acetate fraction of crude methanol leaf extract of Clerodendrumcapitatum(250mg/kg,500mg/kg) showed a very highly significant dose-dependent reduction in mean ulcer indices (p<0.001) in the absolute ethanol-induced model. The mean ulcer indices (1.6,2.2) with dose concentration (250mg/kg, 500mg/kg) of ethyl acetate fraction increased with ulcer protection (82.85%,76.42%) respectively when compared to the control group in the absolute ethanol-induced ulcer model. Crude methanol leaf extract of Clerodendrumcapitatum(250mg/kg, 500mg/kg) treated animals showed a highly significant dose-dependent reduction in mean ulcer index(p<0.01) with an increase in ulcer protection (56.77%,63.22%) respectively in pyloric ligated induced, ulcer model. Gastric parameters such as volume of gastric juice, pH, and total acidity were of no significance in the different doses of the crude methanol leaf extract when compared to the control group. The phytochemical investigation showed that the crude methanol leaf extracts Possess Saponins and Flavonoids while its ethyl acetate fraction possess only Flavonoids. The results of the study indicate that the crude methanol leaf extract and its ethyl acetate fraction is effective and has gastro protective and ulcer healing capacity. Ethyl acetate fraction is more potent than crude methanol leaf extract against ethanol-induced This result provides scientific evidence as a validation for its folkloric use in the treatment of gastric ulcer. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=gastroprotective" title="gastroprotective">gastroprotective</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=herbal%20medicine" title=" herbal medicine"> herbal medicine</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=anti-ulcer" title=" anti-ulcer"> anti-ulcer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pharmacology" title=" pharmacology"> pharmacology</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/143280/evaluation-of-the-anti-ulcer-activity-of-ethyl-acetate-fraction-of-methanol-leaf-extract-of-clerodendrum-capitatum" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/143280.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">162</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1125</span> Regional Changes under Extreme Meteorological Events</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Renalda%20El%20Samra">Renalda El Samra</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Elie%20Bou-Zeid"> Elie Bou-Zeid</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hamza%20Kunhu%20Bangalath"> Hamza Kunhu Bangalath</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Georgiy%20Stenchikov"> Georgiy Stenchikov</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mutasem%20El%20Fadel"> Mutasem El Fadel</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The regional-scale impact of climate change over complex terrain was examined through high-resolution dynamic downscaling conducted using the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model, with initial and boundary conditions from a High-Resolution Atmospheric Model (HiRAM). The analysis was conducted over the eastern Mediterranean, with a focus on the country of Lebanon, which is characterized by a challenging complex topography that magnifies the effect of orographic precipitation. Four year-long WRF simulations, selected based on HiRAM time series, were performed to generate future climate projections of extreme temperature and precipitation over the study area under the conditions of the Representative Concentration Pathway (RCP) 4.5. One past WRF simulation year, 2008, was selected as a baseline to capture dry extremes of the system. The results indicate that the study area might be exposed to a temperature increase between 1.0 and 3ºC in summer mean values by 2050, in comparison to 2008. For extreme years, the decrease in average annual precipitation may exceed 50% at certain locations in comparison to 2008. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=HiRAM" title="HiRAM">HiRAM</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=regional%20climate%20modeling" title=" regional climate modeling"> regional climate modeling</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=WRF" title=" WRF"> WRF</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Representative%20Concentration%20Pathway%20%28RCP%29" title=" Representative Concentration Pathway (RCP)"> Representative Concentration Pathway (RCP)</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/35261/regional-changes-under-extreme-meteorological-events" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/35261.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">396</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1124</span> The Effect of Different Concentrations of Extracting Solvent on the Polyphenolic Content and Antioxidant Activity of Gynura procumbens Leaves</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kam%20Wen%20Hang">Kam Wen Hang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tan%20Kee%20Teng"> Tan Kee Teng</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Huang%20Poh%20Ching"> Huang Poh Ching</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chia%20Kai%20Xiang"> Chia Kai Xiang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=H.%20V.%20Annegowda"> H. V. Annegowda</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=H.%20S.%20Naveen%20Kumar"> H. S. Naveen Kumar</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Gynura procumbens (G. procumbens) leaves, commonly known as ‘sambung nyawa’ in Malaysia is a well-known medicinal plant commonly used as folk medicines in controlling blood glucose, cholesterol level as well as treating cancer. These medicinal properties were believed to be related to the polyphenolic content present in G. procumbens extract, therefore optimization of its extraction process is vital to obtain highest possible antioxidant activities. The current study was conducted to investigate the effect of different concentrations of extracting solvent (ethanol) on the amount of polyphenolic content and antioxidant activities of G. procumbens leaf extract. The concentrations of ethanol used were 30-70%, with the temperature and time kept constant at 50°C and 30 minutes, respectively using ultrasound-assisted extraction. The polyphenolic content of these extracts were quantified by Folin-Ciocalteu colorimetric method and results were expressed as milligram gallic acid equivalent (mg GAE)/g. Phosphomolybdenum method and 1, 1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging assays were used to investigate the antioxidant properties of the extract and the results were expressed as milligram ascorbic acid equivalent (mg AAE)/g and effective concentration (EC50) respectively. Among the three different (30%, 50% and 70%) concentrations of ethanol studied, the 50% ethanolic extract showed total phenolic content of 31.565 ± 0.344 mg GAE/g and total antioxidant activity of 78.839 ± 0.199 mg AAE/g while 30% ethanolic extract showed 29.214 ± 0.645 mg GAE/g and 70.701 ± 1.394 mg AAE/g, respectively. With respect to DPPH radical scavenging assay, 50% ethanolic extract had exhibited slightly lower EC50 (314.3 ± 4.0 μg/ml) values compared to 30% ethanol extract (340.4 ± 5.3 μg/ml). Out of all the tested extracts, 70% ethanolic extract exhibited significantly (p< 0.05) highest total phenolic content (38.000 ± 1.009 mg GAE/g), total antioxidant capacity (95.874 ± 2.422 mg AAE/g) and demonstrated the lowest EC50 in DPPH assay (244.2 ± 5.9 μg/ml). An excellent correlations were drawn between total phenolic content, total antioxidant capacity and DPPH radical scavenging activity (R2 = 0.949 and R2 = 0.978, respectively). It was concluded from this study that, 70% ethanol should be used as the optimal polarity solvent to obtain G. procumbens leaf extract with maximum polyphenolic content with antioxidant properties. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=antioxidant%20activity" title="antioxidant activity">antioxidant activity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=DPPH%20assay" title=" DPPH assay"> DPPH assay</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gynura%20procumbens" title=" Gynura procumbens"> Gynura procumbens</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=phenolic%20compounds" title=" phenolic compounds"> phenolic compounds</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/42004/the-effect-of-different-concentrations-of-extracting-solvent-on-the-polyphenolic-content-and-antioxidant-activity-of-gynura-procumbens-leaves" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/42004.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">411</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1123</span> The Pore–Scale Darcy–Brinkman–Stokes Model for the Description of Advection–Diffusion–Precipitation Using Level Set Method</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jiahui%20You">Jiahui You</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kyung%20Jae%20Lee"> Kyung Jae Lee</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Hydraulic fracturing fluid (HFF) is widely used in shale reservoir productions. HFF contains diverse chemical additives, which result in the dissolution and precipitation of minerals through multiple chemical reactions. In this study, a new pore-scale Darcy–Brinkman–Stokes (DBS) model coupled with Level Set Method (LSM) is developed to address the microscopic phenomena occurring during the iron–HFF interaction, by numerically describing mass transport, chemical reactions, and pore structure evolution. The new model is developed based on OpenFOAM, which is an open-source platform for computational fluid dynamics. Here, the DBS momentum equation is used to solve for velocity by accounting for the fluid-solid mass transfer; an advection-diffusion equation is used to compute the distribution of injected HFF and iron. The reaction–induced pore evolution is captured by applying the LSM, where the solid-liquid interface is updated by solving the level set distance function and reinitialized to a signed distance function. Then, a smoothened Heaviside function gives a smoothed solid-liquid interface over a narrow band with a fixed thickness. The stated equations are discretized by the finite volume method, while the re-initialized equation is discretized by the central difference method. Gauss linear upwind scheme is used to solve the level set distance function, and the Pressure–Implicit with Splitting of Operators (PISO) method is used to solve the momentum equation. The numerical result is compared with 1–D analytical solution of fluid-solid interface for reaction-diffusion problems. Sensitivity analysis is conducted with various Damkohler number (DaII) and Peclet number (Pe). We categorize the Fe (III) precipitation into three patterns as a function of DaII and Pe: symmetrical smoothed growth, unsymmetrical growth, and dendritic growth. Pe and DaII significantly affect the location of precipitation, which is critical in determining the injection parameters of hydraulic fracturing. When DaII<1, the precipitation uniformly occurs on the solid surface both in upstream and downstream directions. When DaII>1, the precipitation mainly occurs on the solid surface in an upstream direction. When Pe>1, Fe (II) transported deeply into and precipitated inside the pores. When Pe<1, the precipitation of Fe (III) occurs mainly on the solid surface in an upstream direction, and they are easily precipitated inside the small pore structures. The porosity–permeability relationship is subsequently presented. This pore-scale model allows high confidence in the description of Fe (II) dissolution, transport, and Fe (III) precipitation. The model shows fast convergence and requires a low computational load. The results can provide reliable guidance for injecting HFF in shale reservoirs to avoid clogging and wellbore pollution. Understanding Fe (III) precipitation, and Fe (II) release and transport behaviors give rise to a highly efficient hydraulic fracture project. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=reactive-transport" title="reactive-transport ">reactive-transport </a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shale" title=" Shale"> Shale</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kerogen" title=" Kerogen"> Kerogen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=precipitation" title=" precipitation"> precipitation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/132193/the-pore-scale-darcy-brinkman-stokes-model-for-the-description-of-advection-diffusion-precipitation-using-level-set-method" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/132193.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">163</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1122</span> Genome Sequencing of the Yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae Strain 202-3</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yina%20A.%20Cifuentes%20Triana">Yina A. Cifuentes Triana</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Andr%C3%A9s%20M.%20Pinz%C3%B3n%20Vel%C3%A1sco"> Andrés M. Pinzón Velásco</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mar%C3%ADo%20E.%20Vel%C3%A1squez%20Lozano"> Marío E. Velásquez Lozano</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this work the sequencing and genome characterization of a natural isolate of Saccharomyces cerevisiae yeast (strain 202-3), identified with potential for the production of second generation ethanol from sugarcane bagasse hydrolysates is presented. This strain was selected because its capability to consume xylose during the fermentation of sugarcane bagasse hydrolysates, taking into account that many strains of S. cerevisiae are incapable of processing this sugar. This advantage and other prominent positive aspects during fermentation profiles evaluated in bagasse hydrolysates made the strain 202-3 a candidate strain to improve the production of second-generation ethanol, which was proposed as a first step to study the strain at the genomic level. The molecular characterization was carried out by genome sequencing with the Illumina HiSeq 2000 platform paired end; the assembly was performed with different programs, finally choosing the assembler ABYSS with kmer 89. Gene prediction was developed with the approach of hidden Markov models with Augustus. The genes identified were scored based on similarity with public databases of nucleotide and protein. Records were organized from ontological functions at different hierarchical levels, which identified central metabolic functions and roles of the S. cerevisiae strain 202-3, highlighting the presence of four possible new proteins, two of them probably associated with the positive consumption of xylose. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cellulosic%20ethanol" title="cellulosic ethanol">cellulosic ethanol</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Saccharomyces%20cerevisiae" title=" Saccharomyces cerevisiae"> Saccharomyces cerevisiae</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=genome%20sequencing" title=" genome sequencing"> genome sequencing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=xylose%20consumption" title=" xylose consumption"> xylose consumption</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/65772/genome-sequencing-of-the-yeast-saccharomyces-cerevisiae-strain-202-3" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/65772.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">320</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1121</span> Screening of High-Alcohol Producing Yeasts for Manufacturing Process of Whisky</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Byeong-Uk%20Lim">Byeong-Uk Lim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Young-Ran%20Song"> Young-Ran Song</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sang-Ho%20Baik"> Sang-Ho Baik</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This study aimed to develop yeast starters for scientific alcohol production and systematic quality control of whisky. A total of 389 yeast strains were isolated from traditional Korean fermentation starter (nuruk) and rice wine (makgeolli), and ten strains were finally selected for their high alcohol productivities, in which their alcohol productions were above 17.3% (v/v) during 10 days under two steps of glucose feeding condition (30% and then 15%, w/v). By 18s rDNA sequence analysis, all strains were identified as Saccharomyces cerevisiae (SC), and they can grow well under 50% (w/v) glucose and 10% (v/v) ethanol conditions. Furthermore, the capability of ten different SC strains to ferment rice wine for whisky was studied. Rice wine was fermented with only steamed rice, water, and two types of enzymes (glucoamylase and α-amylase) during 14 days at 25 °C, and then their oenological properties have been determined. As the results, the fermented rice wines indicated the final pH range of 4.24-4.38 and acidity range of 0.12-0.18. The highest ethanol production of 20.2% (v/v) was found in the fermentation with a SC-156 strain, whereas SC-92 (16.8%) and SC-119 (16.4%) showed significantly lowest ethanol productions. In addition, the residual sugar contents showed negative correlation with alcohol contents. Moreover, this study focused on nucleotide polymorphisms in the MSN2 and MSN4 genes to investigate the cause of the defective stress responses in yeast. Consequently, it was also confirmed that the deletion of the N termini of Msn4p from identified point mutations in SC-63, SC-95, SC-156, SC-158, and SC-160 strains. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=yeast" title="yeast">yeast</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=high-alcohol" title=" high-alcohol"> high-alcohol</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=whisky" title=" whisky"> whisky</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rice%20wine" title=" rice wine"> rice wine</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/41058/screening-of-high-alcohol-producing-yeasts-for-manufacturing-process-of-whisky" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/41058.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">323</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1120</span> Anti-inflammatory Effect of Wild Indigo (Baptisia tinctoria) Root on Raw 264.7 Cells with Stimulated Lipopolysaccharide</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Akhmadjon%20Sultanov">Akhmadjon Sultanov</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Eun-Ho%20Lee"> Eun-Ho Lee</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hye-Jin%20Park"> Hye-Jin Park</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Young-Je%20Cho"> Young-Je Cho</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This study tested the anti-inflammatory effect of wild indigo (Baptisia tinctoria) root in Raw 264.7 cells. We prepared two extracts of B. tinctoria; one in water and the other in 50% ethanol. Then we evaluated the toxicities of the B. tinctoria root extracts at 10 to 100 mg mL-1 concentrations in raw 264.7 cells and observed 80% cell viability. The anti-inflammatory effect of B. tinctoria root extract in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated Raw 264.7 cells were observed with concentrations at 10, 30, and 50 μg mL-1. The results showed that 77.27-66.82% of nitric oxide (NO) production was inhibited by 50 μg mL-1 B. tinctoria root extract. The protein expression of Inducible NO synthase (iNOS) expression dramatically decreased by 93.14% and 52.65% in raw 264.7 cells treated with water and ethanol extracts of B. tinctoria root, respectively. Moreover, cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) protein expression decreased by 42.85% and 69.70% in raw 264.7 cells treated with water and ethanol extracts of B. tinctoria root, respectively. Furthermore, the mRNA expression of pro-inflammatory markers, such as tumor necrosis factor-alpha, interleukin-1β, interleukin-6, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1, and prostaglandin E synthase 2, was significantly suppressed in a concentration-dependent manner. Additionally, the B. tinctoria root extracts effectively inhibited enzymes involved in physiological activities. The B. tinctoria root extracts showed excellent anti-inflammatory effects and can be used as a functional material for biological activities. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cytokine" title="cytokine">cytokine</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=macrophage" title=" macrophage"> macrophage</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pro-inflammatory" title=" pro-inflammatory"> pro-inflammatory</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=protein%20expression" title=" protein expression"> protein expression</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=real-time%20PCR" title=" real-time PCR"> real-time PCR</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/162103/anti-inflammatory-effect-of-wild-indigo-baptisia-tinctoria-root-on-raw-2647-cells-with-stimulated-lipopolysaccharide" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/162103.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">71</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1119</span> Synthesis of Some 1h-Benzimidazoles as Inhibitors of EGFR Tyrosine Kinase</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=I%CC%87smail%20%C3%87eli%CC%87k">İsmail Çeli̇k</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=G%C3%BClg%C3%BCn%20Ayhan-K%C4%B1lc%C4%B1gi%CC%87l"> Gülgün Ayhan-Kılcıgi̇l</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Arzu%20Onay-Be%C5%9Fi%CC%87k%C3%A7i%CC%87"> Arzu Onay-Beşi̇kçi̇</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this study, some 2-(2-phenyl/substitutedphenyl)- lH-benzo[d]'imidazol-l-yl)-N'-(alkylthiosemicarbazide were designed and prepared. Firstly, 2-phenyl/ suhstitutedphenyl-lH-Benzo[d]imidazole was prepared via oxidative condensation of o-phenylenediamine, benzaldehyde and sodium metabisulfite. Treatment of the benzimidazole compound with ethyl chloroacetate in KOH/DMSO gave the ester compound ethyl 2-(2-substitutedphenyl)-1H-benzo[d]imidazol-l-yl)acetate. Hydrazine hydrate and the ester in ethanol were refluxed for 4 h to give 2-(2-phenyl/substitutedphenyl)-1H-benzo[d]imidazol-l-yl)acetohydrazide. Thiosemicarbazides were obtained by condensing acyl hydrazide with the alkylisothiocyanate in ethanol. Following the structure elucidation, benzimidazole compounds were tested for their EGFR kinase inhibitory activities by using ADP-GloTM Kinase Assay. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=benzimidazole" title="benzimidazole">benzimidazole</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=EGFR%20kinase%20inhibitor" title=" EGFR kinase inhibitor"> EGFR kinase inhibitor</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=synthesis" title=" synthesis"> synthesis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=thiosemicarbazide" title=" thiosemicarbazide"> thiosemicarbazide</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/50028/synthesis-of-some-1h-benzimidazoles-as-inhibitors-of-egfr-tyrosine-kinase" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/50028.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span 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