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id="toc-Other_Bible_Belts_in_the_United_States-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-History" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#History"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>History</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-History-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-"Buckle_of_the_Bible_Belt"" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#"Buckle_of_the_Bible_Belt""> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3</span> <span>"Buckle of the Bible Belt"</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-"Buckle_of_the_Bible_Belt"-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Political_and_cultural_context" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Political_and_cultural_context"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.4</span> <span>Political and cultural context</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Political_and_cultural_context-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Outside_the_United_States" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Outside_the_United_States"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Outside the United States</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Outside_the_United_States-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Outside the United States subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Outside_the_United_States-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Australia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Australia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Australia</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Australia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Canada" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Canada"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>Canada</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Canada-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Denmark" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Denmark"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3</span> <span>Denmark</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Denmark-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Estonia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Estonia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.4</span> <span>Estonia</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Estonia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Finland" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Finland"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.5</span> <span>Finland</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Finland-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-France" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#France"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.6</span> <span>France</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-France-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Germany" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Germany"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.7</span> <span>Germany</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Germany-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Lithuania" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Lithuania"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.8</span> <span>Lithuania</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Lithuania-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Mexico" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Mexico"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.9</span> <span>Mexico</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Mexico-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Netherlands" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Netherlands"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.10</span> <span>Netherlands</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Netherlands-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-New_Zealand" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#New_Zealand"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.11</span> <span>New Zealand</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-New_Zealand-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Norway" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Norway"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.12</span> <span>Norway</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Norway-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Poland" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Poland"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.13</span> <span>Poland</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Poland-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Soviet_Union" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Soviet_Union"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.14</span> <span>Soviet Union</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Soviet_Union-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sweden" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sweden"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.15</span> <span>Sweden</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sweden-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-United_Kingdom" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#United_Kingdom"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.16</span> <span>United Kingdom</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-United_Kingdom-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Further_reading" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Further_reading"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Further reading</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Further_reading-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Bible Belt</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 37 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-37" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">37 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AD%D8%B2%D8%A7%D9%85_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A5%D9%86%D8%AC%D9%8A%D9%84%D9%8A" title="الحزام الإنجيلي – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="الحزام الإنجيلي" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B8%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B9%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D0%BF%D0%BE%D1%8F%D1%81_(%D0%A1%D0%90%D0%A9)" title="Библейски пояс (САЩ) – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Библейски пояс (САЩ)" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bible_Belt" title="Bible Belt – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Bible Belt" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biblick%C3%BD_p%C3%A1s" title="Biblický pás – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Biblický pás" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bibelb%C3%A6lte" title="Bibelbælte – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Bibelbælte" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bible_Belt" title="Bible Belt – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Bible Belt" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%96%CF%8E%CE%BD%CE%B7_%CF%84%CE%B7%CF%82_%CE%92%CE%AF%CE%B2%CE%BB%CE%BF%CF%85" title="Ζώνη της Βίβλου – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Ζώνη της Βίβλου" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bible_Belt" title="Bible Belt – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Bible Belt" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biblia_Zono_(Usono)" title="Biblia Zono (Usono) – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Biblia Zono (Usono)" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bibliaren_Gerrikoa" title="Bibliaren Gerrikoa – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Bibliaren Gerrikoa" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%D9%85%D8%B1%D8%A8%D9%86%D8%AF_%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%AC%DB%8C%D9%84%DB%8C" title="کمربند انجیلی – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="کمربند انجیلی" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bible_Belt" title="Bible Belt – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Bible Belt" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bibelgurdle_(Feriene_Steaten)" title="Bibelgurdle (Feriene Steaten) – Western Frisian" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Bibelgurdle (Feriene Steaten)" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="Western Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%B0%94%EC%9D%B4%EB%B8%94_%EB%B2%A8%ED%8A%B8" title="바이블 벨트 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="바이블 벨트" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sabuk_Alkitab" title="Sabuk Alkitab – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Sabuk Alkitab" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bible_Belt" title="Bible Belt – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Bible Belt" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%97%D7%92%D7%95%D7%A8%D7%AA_%D7%94%D7%AA%D7%A0%22%D7%9A" title="חגורת התנ"ך – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="חגורת התנ"ך" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biblia%C3%B6vezet" title="Bibliaövezet – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Bibliaövezet" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B8%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D0%BF%D0%BE%D1%98%D0%B0%D1%81" title="Библиски појас – Macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Библиски појас" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biblebelt" title="Biblebelt – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Biblebelt" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%90%E3%82%A4%E3%83%96%E3%83%AB%E3%83%BB%E3%83%99%E3%83%AB%E3%83%88" title="バイブル・ベルト – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="バイブル・ベルト" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bibelbeltet" title="Bibelbeltet – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Bibelbeltet" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bibelbeltet" title="Bibelbeltet – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Bibelbeltet" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pms mw-list-item"><a href="https://pms.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C3%ABntura_meridional_dla_Bibia" title="Sëntura meridional dla Bibia – Piedmontese" lang="pms" hreflang="pms" data-title="Sëntura meridional dla Bibia" data-language-autonym="Piemontèis" data-language-local-name="Piedmontese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Piemontèis</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pas_biblijny" title="Pas biblijny – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Pas biblijny" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bible_Belt" title="Bible Belt – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Bible Belt" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bible_Belt" title="Bible Belt – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Bible Belt" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B8%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B9%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%BF%D0%BE%D1%8F%D1%81" title="Библейский пояс – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Библейский пояс" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bible_Belt" title="Bible Belt – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Bible Belt" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biblick%C3%BD_p%C3%A1s" title="Biblický pás – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Biblický pás" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B8%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%98%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D0%BF%D0%BE%D1%98%D0%B0%D1%81" title="Библијски појас – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Библијски појас" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Raamattuvy%C3%B6hyke" title="Raamattuvyöhyke – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Raamattuvyöhyke" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" 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.hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">For other uses, see <a href="/wiki/Bible_Belt_(disambiguation)" class="mw-disambig" title="Bible Belt (disambiguation)">Bible Belt (disambiguation)</a>.</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Cultural region of the United States</div><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1043192559">.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement{width:23em;border-collapse:collapse;line-height:1.2em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement td,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement th{border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0.4em 0.6em 0.4em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-header,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-label,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-below{border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0.4em 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedrow .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedrow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedrow .infobox-label{border:0;padding:0 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedbottomrow .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedbottomrow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedbottomrow .infobox-label{border-top:0;border-bottom:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0 0.6em 0.4em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .maptable{border:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-header,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-below{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-above{font-size:125%;line-height:1.3em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-subheader{background-color:#cddeff;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-native{font-weight:normal;padding-top:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-other-name{font-size:78%}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-official{font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-caption{padding:0.3em 0 0 0}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-caption-link{padding:0.2em 0}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-nickname{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-fn{font-weight:normal;display:inline}</style><table class="infobox ib-settlement vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above"><div class="fn org">Bible Belt</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader"><div class="category">Cultural region of the United States</div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:BibleBelt.png" class="mw-file-description" title="Approximate boundaries of the Bible Belt"><img alt="Approximate boundaries of the Bible Belt" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/BibleBelt.png/250px-BibleBelt.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="162" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/BibleBelt.png/375px-BibleBelt.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/BibleBelt.png/500px-BibleBelt.png 2x" data-file-width="572" data-file-height="371" /></a></span><div class="ib-settlement-caption">Approximate boundaries of the Bible Belt</div></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Country</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">States</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Alabama.svg/23px-Flag_of_Alabama.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Alabama.svg/35px-Flag_of_Alabama.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Alabama.svg/45px-Flag_of_Alabama.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="400" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Alabama" title="Alabama">Alabama</a><br /><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/Flag_of_Arkansas.svg/23px-Flag_of_Arkansas.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/Flag_of_Arkansas.svg/35px-Flag_of_Arkansas.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/Flag_of_Arkansas.svg/45px-Flag_of_Arkansas.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="450" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Arkansas" title="Arkansas">Arkansas</a><br /><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/Flag_of_the_State_of_Georgia.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_State_of_Georgia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/Flag_of_the_State_of_Georgia.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_State_of_Georgia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/Flag_of_the_State_of_Georgia.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_State_of_Georgia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="960" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Georgia_(U.S._state)" title="Georgia (U.S. state)">Georgia</a><br /><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8d/Flag_of_Kentucky.svg/23px-Flag_of_Kentucky.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8d/Flag_of_Kentucky.svg/35px-Flag_of_Kentucky.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8d/Flag_of_Kentucky.svg/46px-Flag_of_Kentucky.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="950" data-file-height="500" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Kentucky" title="Kentucky">Kentucky</a><br /><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/Flag_of_Louisiana.svg/23px-Flag_of_Louisiana.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/Flag_of_Louisiana.svg/35px-Flag_of_Louisiana.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/Flag_of_Louisiana.svg/46px-Flag_of_Louisiana.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="7040" data-file-height="4556" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Louisiana" title="Louisiana">Louisiana</a><br /><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/42/Flag_of_Mississippi.svg/23px-Flag_of_Mississippi.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/42/Flag_of_Mississippi.svg/35px-Flag_of_Mississippi.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/42/Flag_of_Mississippi.svg/46px-Flag_of_Mississippi.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="720" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Mississippi" title="Mississippi">Mississippi</a><br /><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bb/Flag_of_North_Carolina.svg/23px-Flag_of_North_Carolina.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bb/Flag_of_North_Carolina.svg/35px-Flag_of_North_Carolina.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bb/Flag_of_North_Carolina.svg/45px-Flag_of_North_Carolina.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="750" data-file-height="500" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/North_Carolina" title="North Carolina">North Carolina</a><br /><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/Flag_of_Oklahoma.svg/23px-Flag_of_Oklahoma.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/Flag_of_Oklahoma.svg/35px-Flag_of_Oklahoma.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/Flag_of_Oklahoma.svg/45px-Flag_of_Oklahoma.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="675" data-file-height="450" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Oklahoma" title="Oklahoma">Oklahoma</a><br /><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/Flag_of_South_Carolina.svg/23px-Flag_of_South_Carolina.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/Flag_of_South_Carolina.svg/35px-Flag_of_South_Carolina.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/Flag_of_South_Carolina.svg/45px-Flag_of_South_Carolina.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="750" data-file-height="500" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/South_Carolina" title="South Carolina">South Carolina</a><br /><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Tennessee.svg/23px-Flag_of_Tennessee.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Tennessee.svg/35px-Flag_of_Tennessee.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Tennessee.svg/46px-Flag_of_Tennessee.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Tennessee" title="Tennessee">Tennessee</a><br /><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/Flag_of_West_Virginia.svg/23px-Flag_of_West_Virginia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/Flag_of_West_Virginia.svg/35px-Flag_of_West_Virginia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/Flag_of_West_Virginia.svg/46px-Flag_of_West_Virginia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="760" data-file-height="400" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/West_Virginia" title="West Virginia">West Virginia</a><br /> <p>and parts of: </p> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/Flag_of_Florida.svg/23px-Flag_of_Florida.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/Flag_of_Florida.svg/35px-Flag_of_Florida.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/Flag_of_Florida.svg/45px-Flag_of_Florida.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="200" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Florida" title="Florida">Florida</a><br /><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/Flag_of_Illinois.svg/23px-Flag_of_Illinois.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/Flag_of_Illinois.svg/35px-Flag_of_Illinois.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/Flag_of_Illinois.svg/46px-Flag_of_Illinois.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Illinois" title="Illinois">Illinois</a><br /><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ac/Flag_of_Indiana.svg/23px-Flag_of_Indiana.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ac/Flag_of_Indiana.svg/35px-Flag_of_Indiana.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ac/Flag_of_Indiana.svg/45px-Flag_of_Indiana.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="750" data-file-height="500" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Indiana" title="Indiana">Indiana</a><br /><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Flag_of_Missouri.svg/23px-Flag_of_Missouri.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Flag_of_Missouri.svg/35px-Flag_of_Missouri.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Flag_of_Missouri.svg/46px-Flag_of_Missouri.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="2400" data-file-height="1400" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Missouri" title="Missouri">Missouri</a><br /><span class="flagicon"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Ohio.svg/25px-Flag_of_Ohio.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Ohio.svg/38px-Flag_of_Ohio.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Ohio.svg/50px-Flag_of_Ohio.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="520" data-file-height="320" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Ohio" title="Ohio">Ohio</a><br /><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/Flag_of_Texas.svg/23px-Flag_of_Texas.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/Flag_of_Texas.svg/35px-Flag_of_Texas.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/Flag_of_Texas.svg/45px-Flag_of_Texas.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Texas" title="Texas">Texas</a><br /><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/Flag_of_Virginia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Virginia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/Flag_of_Virginia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Virginia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/Flag_of_Virginia.svg/45px-Flag_of_Virginia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="341" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Virginia" title="Virginia">Virginia</a><br /></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The term <b>Bible Belt</b> refers to a region of the <a href="/wiki/Southern_United_States" title="Southern United States">Southern United States</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Midwestern_United_States" title="Midwestern United States">Midwestern</a> state of <a href="/wiki/Missouri" title="Missouri">Missouri</a> (which also has significant Southern influence), where <a href="/wiki/Evangelicalism" title="Evangelicalism">evangelical</a> <a href="/wiki/Protestantism" title="Protestantism">Protestantism</a> exerts a strong social and cultural influence. The region has been described as one of the most <a href="/wiki/Socially_conservative" class="mw-redirect" title="Socially conservative">socially conservative</a> across the United States due to a significant impact of Protestant Christianity on politics and culture. The region is known to have a higher <a href="/wiki/Church_attendance" title="Church attendance">church attendance</a>, more evangelical Protestant denominations, and greater emphasis on traditional religious values compared to other parts of the country. The region contrasts with the religiously diverse Midwest and <a href="/wiki/Great_Lakes_region" title="Great Lakes region">Great Lakes</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Mormon_corridor" title="Mormon corridor">Mormon corridor</a> in <a href="/wiki/Utah" title="Utah">Utah</a>, <a href="/wiki/Southern_Idaho" title="Southern Idaho">southern Idaho</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Northern_Arizona" title="Northern Arizona">northern Arizona</a>. </p><p>Whereas the states with the highest percentage of residents identifying as non-religious are in the <a href="/wiki/Western_United_States" title="Western United States">West</a> and <a href="/wiki/New_England" title="New England">New England</a> regions of the United States (with <a href="/wiki/Vermont" title="Vermont">Vermont</a> at 37%, ranking the highest), in the Bible Belt state of <a href="/wiki/Alabama" title="Alabama">Alabama</a> it is just 12%,<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> while <a href="/wiki/Tennessee" title="Tennessee">Tennessee</a> has the highest proportion of <a href="/wiki/Evangelicalism" title="Evangelicalism">evangelical Protestants</a>, at 52%.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The evangelical influence is strongest in Alabama, <a href="/wiki/Georgia_(U.S._state)" title="Georgia (U.S. state)">Georgia</a>, <a href="/wiki/North_Florida" title="North Florida">North Florida</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mississippi" title="Mississippi">Mississippi</a>, Arkansas, Tennessee, <a href="/wiki/Kentucky" title="Kentucky">Kentucky</a>, southern Missouri, <a href="/wiki/Western_North_Carolina" title="Western North Carolina">Western North Carolina</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Upstate_South_Carolina" title="Upstate South Carolina">Upstate</a> region of <a href="/wiki/South_Carolina" title="South Carolina">South Carolina</a>, <a href="/wiki/Oklahoma" title="Oklahoma">Oklahoma</a>, northern and <a href="/wiki/East_Texas" title="East Texas">eastern</a> <a href="/wiki/Texas" title="Texas">Texas</a>, <a href="/wiki/Southside_(Virginia)" title="Southside (Virginia)">southern</a> and <a href="/wiki/Southwest_Virginia" title="Southwest Virginia">western</a> <a href="/wiki/Virginia" title="Virginia">Virginia</a>, and <a href="/wiki/West_Virginia" title="West Virginia">West Virginia</a>. </p><p>The earliest known usage of the term "Bible Belt" was by American journalist and social commentator <a href="/wiki/H._L._Mencken" title="H. L. Mencken">H. L. Mencken</a>, who in 1924 wrote in the <i><a href="/wiki/Chicago_Tribune" title="Chicago Tribune">Chicago Daily Tribune</a></i>: "The old game, I suspect, is beginning to play out in the Bible Belt."<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1927, Mencken claimed the term as his invention.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The term is now also used in other countries for regions with higher religious doctrine adoption. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="In_the_United_States">In the United States</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bible_Belt&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: In the United States"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Geography">Geography</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bible_Belt&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Geography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Plurality_religious_denomination_by_U.S._state,_2001.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Plurality_religious_denomination_by_U.S._state%2C_2001.svg/250px-Plurality_religious_denomination_by_U.S._state%2C_2001.svg.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="155" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Plurality_religious_denomination_by_U.S._state%2C_2001.svg/375px-Plurality_religious_denomination_by_U.S._state%2C_2001.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Plurality_religious_denomination_by_U.S._state%2C_2001.svg/500px-Plurality_religious_denomination_by_U.S._state%2C_2001.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="959" data-file-height="593" /></a><figcaption>The states in pink and red are associated with the Bible Belt.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Census-2000-Data-Top-US-Ancestries-by-County.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/Census-2000-Data-Top-US-Ancestries-by-County.svg/330px-Census-2000-Data-Top-US-Ancestries-by-County.svg.png" decoding="async" width="330" height="245" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/Census-2000-Data-Top-US-Ancestries-by-County.svg/495px-Census-2000-Data-Top-US-Ancestries-by-County.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/Census-2000-Data-Top-US-Ancestries-by-County.svg/660px-Census-2000-Data-Top-US-Ancestries-by-County.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="593" /></a><figcaption>2000 Census Population Ancestry Map; the Bible Belt is associated with American and African-American ancestry.</figcaption></figure> <p>The name "Bible Belt" has been applied historically to the South and parts of the Midwest, but is more commonly identified with the South.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It encompasses both the <a href="/wiki/Deep_South" title="Deep South">Deep South</a> (South Carolina, Georgia, Alabama, Mississippi, and most of Louisiana) and the <a href="/wiki/Upland_South" title="Upland South">Upland South</a> (North Carolina, Tennessee, Kentucky, West Virginia, Arkansas, and Oklahoma). In a 1961 study, <a href="/wiki/Wilbur_Zelinsky" title="Wilbur Zelinsky">Wilbur Zelinsky</a> delineated the region as the area in which Protestant denominations, especially Southern Baptist, Methodist, and evangelical, are the predominant religious affiliations. </p><p>The region also includes most of <a href="/wiki/Texas" title="Texas">Texas</a> and <a href="/wiki/North_Florida" title="North Florida">North Florida</a>, and extends east to include most of Virginia outside of <a href="/wiki/Northern_Virginia" title="Northern Virginia">Northern Virginia</a>. In addition, the Bible Belt covers <a href="/wiki/Missouri" title="Missouri">Missouri</a> south of the <a href="/wiki/Missouri_River" title="Missouri River">Missouri River</a> (i.e. the <a href="/wiki/Ozarks" title="Ozarks">Ozarks</a>), as well as <a href="/wiki/Southern_Illinois" title="Southern Illinois">Southern Illinois</a>, <a href="/wiki/Southern_Indiana" title="Southern Indiana">Southern Indiana</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Appalachian_Ohio" title="Appalachian Ohio">Southern Ohio</a> along the <a href="/wiki/Ohio_River" title="Ohio River">Ohio River</a>. </p><p>On the other hand, areas in the South which are <i>not</i> considered part of the Bible Belt include heavily Catholic Southern Louisiana, religiously diverse <a href="/wiki/Central_Florida" title="Central Florida">Central</a> and <a href="/wiki/South_Florida" title="South Florida">South Florida</a>, overwhelmingly Hispanic <a href="/wiki/South_Texas" title="South Texas">South Texas</a> and <a href="/wiki/Trans-Pecos" title="Trans-Pecos">Trans-Pecos</a>, and Northern Virginia in the <a href="/wiki/Washington_metropolitan_area" title="Washington metropolitan area">Washington metropolitan area</a>. A 1978 study by Charles Heatwole identified the Bible Belt as the region dominated by 24 fundamentalist Protestant denominations, corresponding to essentially the same area mapped by Zelinsky.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>According to Stephen W. Tweedie, an Associate Professor Emeritus in the Department of Geography at <a href="/wiki/Oklahoma_State_University%E2%80%93Stillwater" class="mw-redirect" title="Oklahoma State University–Stillwater">Oklahoma State University</a>, the Bible Belt was viewed in terms of numerical concentration of the audience for religious television when he first published his research in 1995.<sup id="cite_ref-Carney_Fast_Food_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Carney_Fast_Food-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He finds two belts: one more eastern that stretches from <a href="/wiki/North_Florida" title="North Florida">North Florida</a> through Georgia, Alabama, Tennessee, Kentucky, Southside Virginia, and the Carolinas; and another concentrated in Texas (excluding <a href="/wiki/El_Paso,_Texas" title="El Paso, Texas">El Paso</a> and <a href="/wiki/South_Texas" title="South Texas">South Texas</a>), <a href="/wiki/Arkansas" title="Arkansas">Arkansas</a>, <a href="/wiki/Louisiana" title="Louisiana">Louisiana</a>, (excluding <a href="/wiki/New_Orleans" title="New Orleans">New Orleans</a> and <a href="/wiki/Acadiana" title="Acadiana">Acadiana</a>), Oklahoma, Missouri (excluding <a href="/wiki/Kansas_City,_Missouri" title="Kansas City, Missouri">Kansas City</a> and <a href="/wiki/St._Louis" title="St. Louis">St. Louis</a>), and <a href="/wiki/Mississippi" title="Mississippi">Mississippi</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> "[H]is research also broke the Bible Belt into two core regions, a western region and an eastern region." Tweedie's western Bible Belt was focused on a core that extended from <a href="/wiki/Little_Rock,_Arkansas" title="Little Rock, Arkansas">Little Rock, Arkansas</a>, to <a href="/wiki/Tulsa,_Oklahoma" title="Tulsa, Oklahoma">Tulsa, Oklahoma</a>. His eastern Bible Belt was focused on a core that included the major population centers of Alabama, Georgia, and Tennessee.<sup id="cite_ref-About_BibleBelt_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-About_BibleBelt-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>A study by the <a href="/wiki/Pew_Research_Center" title="Pew Research Center">Pew Research Center</a> in 2016 found that the ten most religious states were Alabama, Mississippi, Tennessee, Louisiana, Arkansas, South Carolina, West Virginia, Georgia, Oklahoma and North Carolina.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A 2014 study by the Pew Research Center found that the states with the highest belief in the Bible as the literal word of God were Mississippi (56%), Alabama (51%), South Carolina (49%), West Virginia (47%), Tennessee (46%), Arkansas (45%), Louisiana (44%), Georgia (41%), Kentucky (41%), and Texas (39%).<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div style="clear:both;" class=""></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="By_state">By state</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bible_Belt&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: By state"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Importance_of_Religion_in_the_United_States_of_America.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d8/Importance_of_Religion_in_the_United_States_of_America.svg/350px-Importance_of_Religion_in_the_United_States_of_America.svg.png" decoding="async" width="350" height="216" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d8/Importance_of_Religion_in_the_United_States_of_America.svg/525px-Importance_of_Religion_in_the_United_States_of_America.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d8/Importance_of_Religion_in_the_United_States_of_America.svg/700px-Importance_of_Religion_in_the_United_States_of_America.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="959" data-file-height="593" /></a><figcaption>Percentage of respondents in the USA stating that religion is "Very important" or "Somewhat important" in their lives, 2014<sup id="cite_ref-Pew_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Pew-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></figcaption></figure> <table class="wikitable sortable plainrowheaders" style="text-align:center"> <caption>Proportion of Evangelical Protestants per state in the <a href="/wiki/Southern_United_States" title="Southern United States">American South</a><sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </caption> <tbody><tr> <th>State</th> <th>Baptist</th> <th>Pentecostal</th> <th>Restorationist</th> <th>Presbyterian</th> <th>Other</th> <th>Total</th> <th class="unsortable" style="width:1px; background:gray;"></th> <th valign="top">Share indicating<br />religion is "Very Important"<sup id="cite_ref-Pew_13-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Pew-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </th></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:left;"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Alabama.svg/23px-Flag_of_Alabama.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Alabama.svg/35px-Flag_of_Alabama.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Alabama.svg/45px-Flag_of_Alabama.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="400" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Alabama" title="Alabama">Alabama</a></td> <td>31%</td> <td>5%</td> <td>3%</td> <td>2%</td> <td>8%</td> <td><b>49%</b></td> <td class="unsortable" rowspan="18" style="width:1px; background:gray;"></td> <td>77% </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:left;"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/Flag_of_Arkansas.svg/23px-Flag_of_Arkansas.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/Flag_of_Arkansas.svg/35px-Flag_of_Arkansas.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/Flag_of_Arkansas.svg/45px-Flag_of_Arkansas.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="450" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Arkansas" title="Arkansas">Arkansas</a></td> <td>25%</td> <td>5%</td> <td>5%</td> <td>2%</td> <td>9%</td> <td><b>46%</b></td> <td>70% </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:left;"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/Flag_of_Delaware.svg/23px-Flag_of_Delaware.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/Flag_of_Delaware.svg/35px-Flag_of_Delaware.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/Flag_of_Delaware.svg/45px-Flag_of_Delaware.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="400" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Delaware" title="Delaware">Delaware</a></td> <td>7%</td> <td>1%</td> <td>3%</td> <td>1%</td> <td>3%</td> <td><b>15%</b></td> <td>46% </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:left;"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Washington%2C_D.C.svg/23px-Flag_of_Washington%2C_D.C.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Washington%2C_D.C.svg/35px-Flag_of_Washington%2C_D.C.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Washington%2C_D.C.svg/46px-Flag_of_Washington%2C_D.C.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="2000" data-file-height="1000" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Washington,_D.C." title="Washington, D.C.">Washington, D.C.</a></td> <td>2%</td> <td>1%</td> <td>1%</td> <td>1%</td> <td>3%</td> <td><b>8%</b></td> <td>50% </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:left;"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/Flag_of_Florida.svg/23px-Flag_of_Florida.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/Flag_of_Florida.svg/35px-Flag_of_Florida.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/Flag_of_Florida.svg/45px-Flag_of_Florida.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="200" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Florida" title="Florida">Florida</a></td> <td>8%</td> <td>4%</td> <td>2%</td> <td>1%</td> <td>9%</td> <td><b>24%</b></td> <td>53% </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:left;"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/Flag_of_the_State_of_Georgia.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_State_of_Georgia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/Flag_of_the_State_of_Georgia.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_State_of_Georgia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/Flag_of_the_State_of_Georgia.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_State_of_Georgia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="960" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Georgia_(U.S._state)" title="Georgia (U.S. state)">Georgia</a></td> <td>21%</td> <td>4%</td> <td>2%</td> <td>1%</td> <td>10%</td> <td><b>38%</b></td> <td>64% </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:left;"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8d/Flag_of_Kentucky.svg/23px-Flag_of_Kentucky.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8d/Flag_of_Kentucky.svg/35px-Flag_of_Kentucky.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8d/Flag_of_Kentucky.svg/46px-Flag_of_Kentucky.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="950" data-file-height="500" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Kentucky" title="Kentucky">Kentucky</a></td> <td>29%</td> <td>7%</td> <td>3%</td> <td>1%</td> <td>9%</td> <td><b>49%</b></td> <td>63% </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:left;"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/Flag_of_Louisiana.svg/23px-Flag_of_Louisiana.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/Flag_of_Louisiana.svg/35px-Flag_of_Louisiana.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/Flag_of_Louisiana.svg/46px-Flag_of_Louisiana.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="7040" data-file-height="4556" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Louisiana" title="Louisiana">Louisiana</a></td> <td>16%</td> <td>3%</td> <td>1%</td> <td><1%</td> <td>7%</td> <td><b>27%</b></td> <td>71% </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:left;"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/Flag_of_Maryland.svg/23px-Flag_of_Maryland.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/Flag_of_Maryland.svg/35px-Flag_of_Maryland.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/Flag_of_Maryland.svg/45px-Flag_of_Maryland.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="750" data-file-height="500" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Maryland" title="Maryland">Maryland</a></td> <td>5%</td> <td>3%</td> <td>1%</td> <td><1%</td> <td>9%</td> <td><b>18%</b></td> <td>50% </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:left;"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/42/Flag_of_Mississippi.svg/23px-Flag_of_Mississippi.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/42/Flag_of_Mississippi.svg/35px-Flag_of_Mississippi.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/42/Flag_of_Mississippi.svg/46px-Flag_of_Mississippi.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="720" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Mississippi" title="Mississippi">Mississippi</a></td> <td>26%</td> <td>4%</td> <td>2%</td> <td>1%</td> <td>8%</td> <td><b>41%</b></td> <td>74% </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:left;"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Flag_of_Missouri.svg/23px-Flag_of_Missouri.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Flag_of_Missouri.svg/35px-Flag_of_Missouri.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Flag_of_Missouri.svg/46px-Flag_of_Missouri.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="2400" data-file-height="1400" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Missouri" title="Missouri">Missouri</a></td> <td>15%</td> <td>6%</td> <td>3%</td> <td>1%</td> <td>11%</td> <td><b>36%</b></td> <td>56% </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:left;"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bb/Flag_of_North_Carolina.svg/23px-Flag_of_North_Carolina.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bb/Flag_of_North_Carolina.svg/35px-Flag_of_North_Carolina.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bb/Flag_of_North_Carolina.svg/45px-Flag_of_North_Carolina.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="750" data-file-height="500" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/North_Carolina" title="North Carolina">North Carolina</a></td> <td>20%</td> <td>4%</td> <td>1%</td> <td>1%</td> <td>9%</td> <td><b>35%</b></td> <td>62% </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:left;"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/Flag_of_Oklahoma.svg/23px-Flag_of_Oklahoma.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/Flag_of_Oklahoma.svg/35px-Flag_of_Oklahoma.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/Flag_of_Oklahoma.svg/45px-Flag_of_Oklahoma.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="675" data-file-height="450" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Oklahoma" title="Oklahoma">Oklahoma</a></td> <td>23%</td> <td>6%</td> <td>4%</td> <td><1%</td> <td>14%</td> <td><b>47%</b></td> <td>64% </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:left;"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/Flag_of_South_Carolina.svg/23px-Flag_of_South_Carolina.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/Flag_of_South_Carolina.svg/35px-Flag_of_South_Carolina.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/Flag_of_South_Carolina.svg/45px-Flag_of_South_Carolina.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="750" data-file-height="500" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/South_Carolina" title="South Carolina">South Carolina</a></td> <td>22%</td> <td>4%</td> <td>1%</td> <td>1%</td> <td>7%</td> <td><b>35%</b></td> <td>69% </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:left;"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Tennessee.svg/23px-Flag_of_Tennessee.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Tennessee.svg/35px-Flag_of_Tennessee.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Tennessee.svg/46px-Flag_of_Tennessee.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Tennessee" title="Tennessee">Tennessee</a></td> <td>33%</td> <td>4%</td> <td>6%</td> <td>2%</td> <td>7%</td> <td><b>52%</b></td> <td>71% </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:left;"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/Flag_of_Texas.svg/23px-Flag_of_Texas.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/Flag_of_Texas.svg/35px-Flag_of_Texas.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/Flag_of_Texas.svg/45px-Flag_of_Texas.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Texas" title="Texas">Texas</a></td> <td>14%</td> <td>4%</td> <td>2%</td> <td><1%</td> <td>11%</td> <td><b>31%</b></td> <td>63% </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:left;"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/Flag_of_Virginia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Virginia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/Flag_of_Virginia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Virginia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/Flag_of_Virginia.svg/45px-Flag_of_Virginia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="341" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Virginia" title="Virginia">Virginia</a></td> <td>15%</td> <td>5%</td> <td><1%</td> <td>1%</td> <td>9%</td> <td><b>30%</b></td> <td>60% </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:left;"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/Flag_of_West_Virginia.svg/23px-Flag_of_West_Virginia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/Flag_of_West_Virginia.svg/35px-Flag_of_West_Virginia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/Flag_of_West_Virginia.svg/46px-Flag_of_West_Virginia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="760" data-file-height="400" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/West_Virginia" title="West Virginia">West Virginia</a></td> <td>19%</td> <td>7%</td> <td>2%</td> <td><1%</td> <td>11%</td> <td><b>39%</b></td> <td>64% </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Other_Bible_Belts_in_the_United_States">Other Bible Belts in the United States</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bible_Belt&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Other Bible Belts in the United States"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In addition to the South, there is a smaller Bible Belt in <a href="/wiki/West_Michigan" title="West Michigan">West Michigan</a>, centered on the heavily Dutch-influenced cities of <a href="/wiki/Holland,_Michigan" title="Holland, Michigan">Holland</a> and <a href="/wiki/Grand_Rapids,_Michigan" title="Grand Rapids, Michigan">Grand Rapids</a>. Christian colleges in that region include <a href="/wiki/Calvin_University" title="Calvin University">Calvin University</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hope_College" title="Hope College">Hope College</a>, <a href="/wiki/Cornerstone_University" title="Cornerstone University">Cornerstone University</a>, <a href="/wiki/Grace_Christian_University" title="Grace Christian University">Grace Christian University</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Kuyper_College" title="Kuyper College">Kuyper College</a>. Much like the South, West Michigan is generally fiscally and socially conservative. </p><p>There is also a Bible Belt in the western suburbs of Chicago (especially in <a href="/wiki/DuPage_County,_Illinois" title="DuPage County, Illinois">DuPage County</a>), centered on <a href="/wiki/Wheaton,_Illinois" title="Wheaton, Illinois">Wheaton</a>. Christian colleges in that region include <a href="/wiki/Wheaton_College_(Illinois)" title="Wheaton College (Illinois)">Wheaton College</a>, <a href="/wiki/North_Central_College" title="North Central College">North Central College</a>, <a href="/wiki/Northern_Seminary" title="Northern Seminary">Northern Baptist Theological Seminary</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Elmhurst_University" title="Elmhurst University">Elmhurst University</a>. Christian publishing houses in that region include <a href="/wiki/Crossway" title="Crossway">Crossway</a>, <a href="/wiki/InterVarsity_Press" title="InterVarsity Press">InterVarsity Press</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Tyndale_House" title="Tyndale House">Tyndale House</a>. <a href="/wiki/Carol_Stream,_Illinois" title="Carol Stream, Illinois">Carol Stream</a> is home to the headquarters of <i><a href="/wiki/Christianity_Today" title="Christianity Today">Christianity Today</a></i>. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Colorado_Springs,_Colorado" title="Colorado Springs, Colorado">Colorado Springs, Colorado</a> could be considered a Bible belt due to the large amount of prominent evangelical organizations headquartered there including <a href="/wiki/Focus_on_the_Family" title="Focus on the Family">Focus on the Family</a>, <a href="/wiki/Compassion_International" title="Compassion International">Compassion International</a>, <a href="/wiki/The_Navigators_(organization)" title="The Navigators (organization)">The Navigators</a>, <a href="/wiki/David_C._Cook" title="David C. Cook">David C. Cook</a>, <a href="/wiki/Young_Life" title="Young Life">Young Life</a>, <a href="/wiki/Biblica" title="Biblica">Biblica</a>, and others, even though it has low church attendance compared to other Bible belts.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="History">History</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bible_Belt&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>During the <a href="/wiki/Thirteen_Colonies" title="Thirteen Colonies">colonial period</a> (1607–1776), the South was a stronghold of the <a href="/wiki/Church_of_England" title="Church of England">Anglican church</a>. Its transition to a stronghold of non-Anglican Protestantism occurred gradually over the next century as a series of religious revival movements, many associated with the Baptist denomination, gained great popularity in the region.<sup id="cite_ref-Jeynes_20-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Jeynes-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The northern colonial Bible Belt (especially New England with its <a href="/wiki/Puritans" title="Puritans">Puritan</a> heritage) frequently performed <a href="/wiki/Missionary" title="Missionary">missionary</a> work in the South. "The centre of Particular Baptist activity in early America was in the <a href="/wiki/Middle_Colonies" title="Middle Colonies">Middle Colonies</a>. In 1707 five churches in <a href="/wiki/New_Jersey" title="New Jersey">New Jersey</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pennsylvania" title="Pennsylvania">Pennsylvania</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Delaware" title="Delaware">Delaware</a> were united to form the Philadelphia Baptist Association, and through the association they embarked upon vigorous missionary activity. By 1760 the Philadelphia association included churches located in the present states of <a href="/wiki/Connecticut" title="Connecticut">Connecticut</a>, <a href="/wiki/New_York_(state)" title="New York (state)">New York</a>, New Jersey, Pennsylvania, Delaware, Virginia, and West Virginia; and by 1767 further multiplication of churches had necessitated the formation of two subsidiary associations, the Warren in New England and the Ketochton in Virginia. The Philadelphia association also provided leadership in organizing the Charleston Association in the Carolinas in 1751."<sup id="cite_ref-Britannica_21-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Britannica-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>An influential figure was <a href="/wiki/Shubal_Stearns" title="Shubal Stearns">Shubal Stearns</a>: "Shubael Stearns, a New England Separate Baptist, migrated to Sandy Creek, North Carolina, in 1755 and initiated a revival that quickly penetrated the entire Piedmont region. The churches he organized were brought together in 1758 to form the Sandy Creek Association".<sup id="cite_ref-Britannica_21-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Britannica-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Stearns was brother-in-law of Daniel Marshall, who was born in Windsor, Connecticut and "is generally considered the first great Baptist leader in Georgia. He founded Kiokee Baptist Church, the oldest continuing Baptist congregation in the state".<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Also, Wait Palmer, of Toland, Connecticut,<sup id="cite_ref-Sobel_23-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Sobel-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 84–85">: 84–85 </span></sup> may have influenced African American Christianity in the South: "The Silver Bluff, South Carolina, revival was a seminal development, whose role among blacks rivalled that played by the Sandy Creek revival of the Separate Baptists, to which it was indirectly related. It was probably the same Wait Palmer who had baptized Shubal Stearns in 1751 who came to Silver Bluff in 1775, baptizing and constituting a church. Abraham Marshall, who encouraged the later offshoots, was a Separate Baptist of the Sandy Creek school. The revival at the Silver Bluff plantation of George Galphin (some twelve miles from Augusta, Georgia) had brought David George to the Afro-Baptist faith and had provided a ministry for <a href="/wiki/George_Liele" title="George Liele">George Liele</a>".<sup id="cite_ref-Sobel_23-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Sobel-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 188">: 188 </span></sup> </p><p>According to Thomas P. Kidd, "As early as 1758, Sandy Creek missionaries helped organize a slave congregation, the Bluestone Church, on the plantation of William Byrd III, which may have been the first independently functioning African American church in North America. The church did not last long, but it reflected the Baptists' commitment to evangelizing African Americans".<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 249">: 249 </span></sup> According to Gayraud S. Wilmore, "The preaching of New England Congregationalists such as Jonathan Edwards about the coming millennium, and his conviction that Christians were called to prepare for it, reached the slaves through the far-ranging missionary work of white evangelists such as Shubal Stearns, Wait Palmer, and Matthew Moore - all of whom left Congregationalism and became Separatist Baptist preachers in the plantation country of Virginia, North and South Carolina, and Georgia".<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 168">: 168 </span></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id=""Buckle_of_the_Bible_Belt""><span id=".22Buckle_of_the_Bible_Belt.22"></span>"Buckle of the Bible Belt"</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bible_Belt&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: "Buckle of the Bible Belt""><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Bible-minded_Cities_map.PNG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/Bible-minded_Cities_map.PNG/300px-Bible-minded_Cities_map.PNG" decoding="async" width="300" height="195" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/Bible-minded_Cities_map.PNG/450px-Bible-minded_Cities_map.PNG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/Bible-minded_Cities_map.PNG/600px-Bible-minded_Cities_map.PNG 2x" data-file-width="1513" data-file-height="983" /></a><figcaption>Bible-minded cities map</figcaption></figure> <p>A study was commissioned by the <a href="/wiki/American_Bible_Society" title="American Bible Society">American Bible Society</a> to survey the importance of the Bible in the metropolitan areas of the United States. The report was based on 42,855 interviews conducted between 2005 and 2012. It determined the 10 most "Bible-minded" cities were <a href="/wiki/Knoxville,_Tennessee" title="Knoxville, Tennessee">Knoxville, Tennessee</a>; <a href="/wiki/Shreveport,_Louisiana" title="Shreveport, Louisiana">Shreveport, Louisiana</a>; <a href="/wiki/Chattanooga,_Tennessee" title="Chattanooga, Tennessee">Chattanooga, Tennessee</a>; <a href="/wiki/Birmingham,_Alabama" title="Birmingham, Alabama">Birmingham, Alabama</a>; <a href="/wiki/Jackson,_Mississippi" title="Jackson, Mississippi">Jackson, Mississippi</a>; <a href="/wiki/Springfield,_Missouri" title="Springfield, Missouri">Springfield, Missouri</a>; <a href="/wiki/Charlotte,_North_Carolina" title="Charlotte, North Carolina">Charlotte, North Carolina</a>; <a href="/wiki/Lynchburg,_Virginia" title="Lynchburg, Virginia">Lynchburg, Virginia</a>; <a href="/wiki/Huntsville,_Alabama" title="Huntsville, Alabama">Huntsville-Decatur, Alabama</a>; and <a href="/wiki/Charleston,_West_Virginia" title="Charleston, West Virginia">Charleston, West Virginia</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Several locations are occasionally referred to as "the Buckle of the Bible Belt": </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abilene,_Texas" title="Abilene, Texas">Abilene, Texas</a>, a city of 117,000, is home to three Protestant universities: the Baptist affiliated <a href="/wiki/Hardin%E2%80%93Simmons_University" title="Hardin–Simmons University">Hardin–Simmons University</a>, the Church of Christ's <a href="/wiki/Abilene_Christian_University" title="Abilene Christian University">Abilene Christian University</a>, and Methodist founded <a href="/wiki/McMurry_University" title="McMurry University">McMurry University</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-encyclopedia_of_the_great_plains_27-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-encyclopedia_of_the_great_plains-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nashville,_Tennessee" title="Nashville, Tennessee">Nashville, Tennessee</a>, sometimes referred to as "the Protestant Vatican",<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> has over 700 churches,<sup id="cite_ref-nashcity1_29-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nashcity1-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> several seminaries, and a number of Christian schools, colleges and universities, including <a href="/wiki/Belmont_University" title="Belmont University">Belmont University</a>, <a href="/wiki/Trevecca_Nazarene_University" title="Trevecca Nazarene University">Trevecca Nazarene University</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lipscomb_University" title="Lipscomb University">Lipscomb University</a>, <a href="/wiki/Welch_College" title="Welch College">Welch College</a> and <a href="/wiki/American_Baptist_College" title="American Baptist College">American Baptist College</a>. Nashville is the seat of the <a href="/wiki/National_Baptist_Convention,_USA,_Inc." class="mw-redirect" title="National Baptist Convention, USA, Inc.">National Baptist Convention, USA, Inc.</a>, the headquarters of the <a href="/wiki/Southern_Baptist_Convention" title="Southern Baptist Convention">Southern Baptist Convention</a>, the <a href="/wiki/National_Association_of_Free_Will_Baptists" title="National Association of Free Will Baptists">National Association of Free Will Baptists</a>, the <a href="/wiki/The_Gideons_International" title="The Gideons International">Gideons International</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Gospel_Music_Association" title="Gospel Music Association">Gospel Music Association</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Nelson_(publisher)" title="Thomas Nelson (publisher)">Thomas Nelson</a>, the world's largest producer of <a href="/wiki/Bible" title="Bible">Bibles</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-road&travel_30-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-road&travel-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Tulsa, Oklahoma, is a city where Protestant and, in particular, <a href="/wiki/Southern_Baptist_Convention" title="Southern Baptist Convention">Southern Baptist</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Word_of_Faith" title="Word of Faith">Word of Faith</a> movement, and other evangelical Christian traditions are very prominent. Tulsa is home to <a href="/wiki/Oral_Roberts_University" title="Oral Roberts University">Oral Roberts University</a>, <a href="/wiki/Phillips_Theological_Seminary" title="Phillips Theological Seminary">Phillips Theological Seminary</a>, and <a href="/wiki/RHEMA_Bible_Training_Center" class="mw-redirect" title="RHEMA Bible Training Center">RHEMA Bible Training College</a> (in the suburb of <a href="/wiki/Broken_Arrow,_Oklahoma" title="Broken Arrow, Oklahoma">Broken Arrow</a>). A number of prominent Protestant Christians have lived or studied in Tulsa, including <a href="/wiki/Joel_Osteen" title="Joel Osteen">Joel Osteen</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kenneth_E._Hagin" title="Kenneth E. Hagin">Kenneth E. Hagin</a>, <a href="/wiki/Carlton_Pearson" title="Carlton Pearson">Carlton Pearson</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kenneth_Copeland" title="Kenneth Copeland">Kenneth Copeland</a>, <a href="/wiki/Billy_Joe_Daugherty" title="Billy Joe Daugherty">Billy Joe Daugherty</a>, <a href="/wiki/Smokie_Norful" title="Smokie Norful">Smokie Norful</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Billy_James_Hargis" title="Billy James Hargis">Billy James Hargis</a>. Tulsa is also home to a number of vibrant <a href="/wiki/Mainline_Protestant" title="Mainline Protestant">Mainline Protestant</a> congregations. Some of these congregations were founded during the oil boom of the early twentieth century and their facilities are noted for striking architecture, such as the art deco <a href="/wiki/Boston_Avenue_Methodist_Church" title="Boston Avenue Methodist Church">Boston Avenue Methodist Church</a> and <a href="/wiki/First_Presbyterian_Church_(Tulsa)" title="First Presbyterian Church (Tulsa)">First Presbyterian Church of Tulsa</a>. The metropolitan area has at least four religious radio stations (<a href="/wiki/KCFO" title="KCFO">KCFO</a>, <a href="/wiki/KNYD" title="KNYD">KNYD</a>, <a href="/wiki/KXOJ-FM" title="KXOJ-FM">KXOJ</a>, & <a href="/wiki/KPIM-LP" title="KPIM-LP">KPIM</a>), and at least two religious TV stations (<a href="/wiki/KWHB" title="KWHB">KWHB</a> & <a href="/wiki/KGEB" title="KGEB">KGEB</a>).</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greenville,_South_Carolina" title="Greenville, South Carolina">Greenville, South Carolina</a>, is a city where many Baptist churches, particularly <a href="/wiki/Independent_Baptist" title="Independent Baptist">Independent Baptist</a>, are located. There are more than one hundred Baptist churches in the Greenville area,<sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> as well as <a href="/wiki/Bob_Jones_University" title="Bob Jones University">Bob Jones University</a>. It also is the home of <a href="/wiki/List_of_radio_stations_in_South_Carolina" title="List of radio stations in South Carolina">WTBI-FM</a> radio station which plays old-fashioned <a href="/wiki/Christian_music" title="Christian music">Christian music</a> and preaching 24 hours a day.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Political_and_cultural_context">Political and cultural context</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bible_Belt&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Political and cultural context"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Go_to_church....jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/Go_to_church....jpg/220px-Go_to_church....jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/Go_to_church....jpg/330px-Go_to_church....jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/Go_to_church....jpg/440px-Go_to_church....jpg 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="667" /></a><figcaption>Billboard near the center of <a href="/wiki/Alabama" title="Alabama">Alabama</a></figcaption></figure> <p>Evangelical Protestantism in recent decades links to social conservatism.<sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1950, President <a href="/wiki/Harry_S._Truman" title="Harry S. Truman">Harry S. Truman</a> told Catholic leaders he wanted to send an ambassador to the <a href="/wiki/Vatican_City" title="Vatican City">Vatican</a>. Truman said the leading Democrats in Congress approved, but they warned him, "it would defeat Democratic Senators and Congressmen in the Bible Belt."<sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In presidential elections, the Bible Belt states of Alabama, Mississippi, South Carolina, and Texas have voted for the Republican candidate in all elections since 1980; Oklahoma has supported the Republican presidential candidate in every election since 1968, with Republicans having carried every county in the state in all presidential elections since 2004. Other Bible Belt states have voted for the Republican presidential candidate in the majority of elections since 1980, but have gone to the Democratic candidate either once or twice since then. However, with the exception of Mississippi, historical geographer <a href="/wiki/Barry_A._Vann" title="Barry A. Vann">Barry Vann</a> shows that counties in the upland areas of the <a href="/wiki/Appalachian_Mountains" title="Appalachian Mountains">Appalachians</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Ozarks" title="Ozarks">Ozarks</a> have a more conservative voting pattern than the counties located in the coastal plains.<sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>During Republican presidential primaries, Christian Social Conservatives tend to win most states from the Bible Belt. In the <a href="/wiki/2008_Republican_Party_presidential_primaries" title="2008 Republican Party presidential primaries">2008 Republican Party presidential primaries</a> <a href="/wiki/Mike_Huckabee" title="Mike Huckabee">Mike Huckabee</a> won most Bible Belt states. In the <a href="/wiki/2012_Republican_Party_presidential_primaries" title="2012 Republican Party presidential primaries">2012 Republican Party presidential primaries</a> <a href="/wiki/Rick_Santorum" title="Rick Santorum">Rick Santorum</a> won most states. Both were Christian Social Conservatives. In the <a href="/wiki/2016_Republican_Party_presidential_primaries" title="2016 Republican Party presidential primaries">2016 Republican Party presidential primaries</a> <a href="/wiki/Donald_Trump" title="Donald Trump">Donald Trump</a> won most of the states while <a href="/wiki/Ted_Cruz" title="Ted Cruz">Ted Cruz</a> won few. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Outside_the_United_States">Outside the United States</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bible_Belt&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Outside the United States"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Australia">Australia</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bible_Belt&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Australia"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In <a href="/wiki/Australia" title="Australia">Australia</a>, the term "Bible Belt" has been used to refer to areas within individual cities, which have a high concentration of Christian residents usually centralized around a <a href="/wiki/Megachurch" title="Megachurch">megachurch</a>, for example:<sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul><li>Formerly, the northwestern suburbs of <a href="/wiki/Sydney" title="Sydney">Sydney</a> focusing on The <a href="/wiki/Hills_District,_New_South_Wales" title="Hills District, New South Wales">Hills District</a> were traditionally known as the "bible belt", where <a href="/wiki/Hillsong_Church" title="Hillsong Church">Hillsong Church</a> is located.<sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Between the 2011 and 2016 census, however, the Christian population of The Hills district reduced by 18.5% and those <a href="/wiki/Irreligion" title="Irreligion">without a religion</a> grew from 1 in 8 in 2006 to 1 in 5 in the 2016 census.<sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>The <a href="/wiki/Greater_Western_Sydney" title="Greater Western Sydney">Greater Western Sydney</a> area, typically in the <a href="/wiki/City_of_Fairfield" class="mw-redirect" title="City of Fairfield">City of Fairfield</a> area, in the suburbs between <a href="/wiki/Fairfield,_New_South_Wales" title="Fairfield, New South Wales">Fairfield</a> and <a href="/wiki/Horsley_Park,_New_South_Wales" title="Horsley Park, New South Wales">Horsley Park</a>, where the megachurches are <a href="/wiki/Rabban_Hormizd" title="Rabban Hormizd">St Hurmizd</a> Church, an <a href="/wiki/Assyrian_Church_of_the_East" title="Assyrian Church of the East">Assyrian Church of the East</a> and the Apostle Chaldean Catholic Church, a <a href="/wiki/Chaldean_Catholic" class="mw-redirect" title="Chaldean Catholic">Chaldean Catholic</a> church.<sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Other bible belts include those with high Anglo-Saxon Protestant populations found in the <a href="/wiki/Sutherland_Shire" title="Sutherland Shire">Sutherland Shire</a>, parts of <a href="/wiki/City_of_Penrith" title="City of Penrith">City of Penrith</a>, <a href="/wiki/Camden_Council_(New_South_Wales)" title="Camden Council (New South Wales)">Camden Council</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Wollondilly_Shire" title="Wollondilly Shire">Wollondilly Shire</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>The outer-eastern suburbs of <a href="/wiki/Melbourne" title="Melbourne">Melbourne</a>, where <a href="/wiki/CityLife_Church" title="CityLife Church">CityLife Church</a>, <a href="/wiki/Crossway_Baptist_Church" title="Crossway Baptist Church">Crossway Baptist Church</a>, Stairway Church and Discovery Church are located.</li> <li>The northeastern suburbs of <a href="/wiki/Adelaide" title="Adelaide">Adelaide</a> focusing on <a href="/wiki/Paradise,_South_Australia" title="Paradise, South Australia">Paradise</a>, <a href="/wiki/Modbury,_South_Australia" title="Modbury, South Australia">Modbury</a> and <a href="/wiki/Golden_Grove,_South_Australia" title="Golden Grove, South Australia">Golden Grove</a>, where <a href="/wiki/Influencers_Church" class="mw-redirect" title="Influencers Church">Influencers Church</a> is located</li> <li>The <a href="/wiki/Brisbane" title="Brisbane">Brisbane</a> southern suburbs of <a href="/wiki/Mansfield,_Queensland" title="Mansfield, Queensland">Mansfield</a>, <a href="/wiki/Springwood,_Queensland" title="Springwood, Queensland">Springwood</a>, <a href="/wiki/Carindale" class="mw-redirect" title="Carindale">Carindale</a> and <a href="/wiki/Mount_Gravatt" class="mw-redirect" title="Mount Gravatt">Mount Gravatt</a>.</li> <li>In 2017 the far northern suburbs of <a href="/wiki/Perth" title="Perth">Perth</a> were forming this reputation, with the focus being on One Church and Globalheart in the suburbs of <a href="/wiki/Merriwa,_Western_Australia" title="Merriwa, Western Australia">Merriwa</a> and <a href="/wiki/Joondalup" title="Joondalup">Joondalup</a> respectively.<sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Toowoomba" title="Toowoomba">Toowoomba</a> city in <a href="/wiki/Queensland" title="Queensland">Queensland</a> has long been regarded as fertile ground for <a href="/wiki/Christian_fundamentalist" class="mw-redirect" title="Christian fundamentalist">Christian fundamentalist</a> <a href="/wiki/Right-wing_populism" title="Right-wing populism">right-wing movements</a> <sup id="cite_ref-espace.library.uq.edu.au_42-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-espace.library.uq.edu.au-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> that adhere to <a href="/wiki/Biblical_literalism" title="Biblical literalism">biblical literalism</a>, particularly those within the <a href="/wiki/Pentecostal" class="mw-redirect" title="Pentecostal">Pentecostal</a> and <a href="/wiki/Charismatic_Christianity" title="Charismatic Christianity">charismatic stream</a> of Christianity.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Canada">Canada</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bible_Belt&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Canada"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The province of <a href="/wiki/Alberta" title="Alberta">Alberta</a> has been referred to as Canada's Bible Belt with a significant <a href="/wiki/Catholic_Church" title="Catholic Church">Catholic</a>, <a href="/wiki/Anabaptism" title="Anabaptism">Anabaptist</a> population, and other Protestants.<sup id="cite_ref-43" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Certain areas of Canada's east coast region, such as the province of <a href="/wiki/New_Brunswick" title="New Brunswick">New Brunswick</a>, also contain significant populations of Catholic, Baptist, Anglican, and United faith adherents, up to 85% overall. There is also a vast Bible belt across southern <a href="/wiki/Manitoba" title="Manitoba">Manitoba</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Denmark">Denmark</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bible_Belt&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Denmark"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In Denmark, rural western <a href="/wiki/Jutland" title="Jutland">Jutland</a> in particular is considered to be the Bible Belt. This is due to the higher number of citizens who are associated (in this particular area) with conservative <a href="/wiki/Lutheranism" title="Lutheranism">Lutheran</a> Christian organizations such as <a href="/wiki/Church_Association_for_the_Inner_Mission_in_Denmark" title="Church Association for the Inner Mission in Denmark">the Church Association for the Inner Mission in Denmark</a>, which traditionally have had a very strong resistance to <a href="/wiki/Abortion" title="Abortion">abortion</a> and <a href="/wiki/LGBT_rights_in_Denmark" class="mw-redirect" title="LGBT rights in Denmark">LGBT rights</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-44" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Today, the movement is strongest around <a href="/wiki/Hedensted" title="Hedensted">Hedensted</a>, <a href="/wiki/L%C3%B8sning" title="Løsning">Løsning</a>, Korning, and Øster Snede. The Danish Oasis Movement, the <a href="/wiki/YMCA" title="YMCA">YMCA</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Jehovah%27s_Witnesses" title="Jehovah's Witnesses">Jehovah's Witnesses</a> are also active in the area. The Evangelical Lutheran Free Church is active in Løsning and the <a href="/wiki/Seventh-day_Adventist_Church" title="Seventh-day Adventist Church">Adventists</a> in <a href="/wiki/Vejle" title="Vejle">Vejle</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-45" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Estonia">Estonia</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bible_Belt&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Estonia"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_Estonia#Religion" title="Demographics of Estonia">Census results</a> show religious belief in the country is more prevalent in the east running from north to south along the border with <a href="/wiki/Russia" title="Russia">Russia</a>, particularly in those areas with large populations of <a href="/wiki/Russian_Orthodox_Church" title="Russian Orthodox Church">Russian Orthodox</a>, <a href="/wiki/Estonian_Apostolic_Orthodox_Church" title="Estonian Apostolic Orthodox Church">Estonian Orthodox</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Old_Believers" title="Old Believers">Orthodox Old Believers</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Finland">Finland</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bible_Belt&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Finland"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In <a href="/wiki/North_Ostrobothnia" title="North Ostrobothnia">North Ostrobothnia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lapland_(Finland)" title="Lapland (Finland)">Lapland</a>, and <a href="/wiki/North_Savo" title="North Savo">Northern Savonia</a>, the influence of the <a href="/wiki/Laestadianism" title="Laestadianism">Laestadian</a> movement, a Finnish Lutheran revival, is particularly strong.<sup id="cite_ref-46" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In <a href="/wiki/South_Ostrobothnia" title="South Ostrobothnia">South Ostrobothnia</a> and Swedish-speaking <a href="/wiki/Ostrobothnia_(region)" title="Ostrobothnia (region)">Ostrobothnia</a>, the influence of <a href="/wiki/Awakening_(Finnish_religious_movement)" title="Awakening (Finnish religious movement)">awakenism</a> and evangelicalism (<i>evankelisuus</i>) is strong, as is that of the <a href="/wiki/Free_church" title="Free church">Free Church</a>. The Finnish Bible Belt has been described on the basis of various indicators, but there is no precise definition. Mika Gissler of the THL has identified the medical districts of the Ostrobothnian regions as the Bible zone, which have distinguished themselves in the long term by a lower number of abortions than the rest of the country.<sup id="cite_ref-47" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Perho" title="Perho">Perho</a> in Central Ostrobothnia is the most Lutheran municipality in Finland.<sup id="cite_ref-48" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Church membership in Ostrobothnia is also more common than in the rest of the country.<sup id="cite_ref-49" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Voting of the <a href="/wiki/Christian_Democrats_(Finland)" title="Christian Democrats (Finland)">Christian Democrats</a> in 2019 parliamental elections was most common in <a href="/wiki/Larsmo" title="Larsmo">Larsmo</a> and <a href="/wiki/Parkano" title="Parkano">Parkano</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-50" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="France">France</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bible_Belt&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: France"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Brittany" title="Brittany">Brittany</a> has a long Catholic tradition, and the church has historically played an important role in the region's cultural and social life. Today, the region is known for its many religious festivals and processions, as well as its numerous churches, chapels, and shrines. Another region with a strong Catholic tradition is the <a href="/wiki/Vend%C3%A9e" title="Vendée">Vendée</a>, which is located in western France. The Vendée has a long history of resistance to anti-clericalism and anti-Catholicism, <a href="/wiki/War_in_the_Vend%C3%A9e" title="War in the Vendée">dating back to the French Revolution</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-51" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Germany">Germany</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bible_Belt&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Germany"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>An area in the <a href="/wiki/Ore_Mountains" title="Ore Mountains">Ore Mountains</a> in <a href="/wiki/Saxony" title="Saxony">Saxony</a> has been described as the "Saxon Bible Belt" with a notable evangelical Protestant/<a href="/wiki/Christian_fundamentalism" title="Christian fundamentalism">Christian fundamentalist</a>/free church community, as well as some conservative Lutheran parishes that are opposed to <a href="/wiki/Same-sex_marriage" title="Same-sex marriage">same-sex marriage</a>. Nevertheless, the <a href="/wiki/Evangelical-Lutheran_Church_of_Saxony" title="Evangelical-Lutheran Church of Saxony">Evangelical-Lutheran Church of Saxony</a> approved church resolutions regarding the issue regardless of opinions within those parishes.<sup id="cite_ref-52" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-53" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-54" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-55" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-55"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-56" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-56"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>56<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Lithuania">Lithuania</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bible_Belt&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Lithuania"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Among its <a href="/wiki/Baltic_states" title="Baltic states">Baltic</a> neighbors, <a href="/wiki/Lithuania" title="Lithuania">Lithuania</a> is in general much more religious, but even in this context, <a href="/wiki/Vilnius" title="Vilnius">Vilnius</a>, with its many churches and adjacent region (<a href="/wiki/Vilnius_District_Municipality" title="Vilnius District Municipality">Vilnius district</a> and <a href="/wiki/%C5%A0al%C4%8Dininkai_District_Municipality" title="Šalčininkai District Municipality">Šalčininkai district</a> municipalities) of large numbers of <a href="/wiki/Poles_in_Lithuania" title="Poles in Lithuania">Lithuanian Poles</a>, is the most religious region of Lithuania. Both the Šalčininkai and Vilnius district municipalities by the ruling <a href="/wiki/Electoral_Action_of_Poles_in_Lithuania_%E2%80%93_Christian_Families_Alliance" title="Electoral Action of Poles in Lithuania – Christian Families Alliance">Electoral Action of Poles in Lithuania – Christian Families Alliance</a> were declared as guarded and ruled by <a href="/wiki/Jesus" title="Jesus">Jesus Christ</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-57" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Mexico">Mexico</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bible_Belt&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Mexico"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In <a href="/wiki/Mexico" title="Mexico">Mexico</a>, there is what is known as the <b>Rosary Belt</b> (<a href="/wiki/Spanish_language" title="Spanish language">Spanish</a>: <i><b>Cinturón del Rosario</b></i>). The term, created by journalist and writer <a href="/wiki/Carlos_Monsiv%C3%A1is" title="Carlos Monsiváis">Carlos Monsiváis</a> in 1999, refers to a region comprising the states of <a href="/wiki/Aguascalientes" title="Aguascalientes">Aguascalientes</a>, <a href="/wiki/Guanajuato" title="Guanajuato">Guanajuato</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jalisco" title="Jalisco">Jalisco</a>, <a href="/wiki/Quer%C3%A9taro" title="Querétaro">Querétaro</a> and, in more recent years, <a href="/wiki/Zacatecas" title="Zacatecas">Zacatecas</a>, where 90% of the population professes <a href="/wiki/Catholic_Church_in_Mexico" title="Catholic Church in Mexico">Roman Catholicism</a>, which has a notable influence on local politics and society. Guanajuato, for example, is one of the most important electoral strongholds of the <a href="/wiki/National_Action_Party_(Mexico)" title="National Action Party (Mexico)">National Action Party</a>, of Christian democrat tradition, mostly inspired by the Social Doctrine of the Church, and with strong conservative ideals. It was in this region where the first uprisings against the government took place during the <a href="/wiki/Cristero_War" title="Cristero War">Cristero War</a>, demanding an end to the persecution of Catholics in the country as a result of the promulgation of the so-called <a href="/wiki/Calles_Law" title="Calles Law">Calles Law</a>, which restricted Catholic worship in Mexico. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Netherlands">Netherlands</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bible_Belt&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: Netherlands"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The <a href="/wiki/Bible_Belt_(Netherlands)" title="Bible Belt (Netherlands)">Bible Belt of the Netherlands</a> (Dutch: <i>Bijbelgordel</i>) stretches from <a href="/wiki/Zeeland" title="Zeeland">Zeeland</a>, through the West-<a href="/wiki/Batavia_(region)" title="Batavia (region)">Betuwe</a> and <a href="/wiki/Veluwe" title="Veluwe">Veluwe</a>, to the northern parts of the province <a href="/wiki/Overijssel" title="Overijssel">Overijssel</a>. In this region, orthodox <a href="/wiki/Calvinism" class="mw-redirect" title="Calvinism">Calvinists</a> prevail. </p><p>The ABC Islands of <a href="/wiki/Aruba" title="Aruba">Aruba</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bonaire" title="Bonaire">Bonaire</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Cura%C3%A7ao" title="Curaçao">Curaçao</a> are all under 20% irreligious. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="New_Zealand">New Zealand</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bible_Belt&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: New Zealand"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In <a href="/wiki/New_Zealand" title="New Zealand">New Zealand</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mount_Roskill" title="Mount Roskill">Mount Roskill</a>, <a href="/wiki/Auckland" title="Auckland">Auckland</a>, contains the highest number of churches per capita in the country, and is the home of several Christian political candidates.<sup id="cite_ref-58" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The electorate was one of the last in the country to go "wet", in 1999, having formerly been a dry area where the selling of alcohol was prohibited.<sup id="cite_ref-59" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In the <a href="/wiki/2013_New_Zealand_census" title="2013 New Zealand census">2013 New Zealand census</a>, the <a href="/wiki/M%C4%81ngere-%C5%8Ct%C4%81huhu_Local_Board" title="Māngere-Ōtāhuhu Local Board">Māngere-Ōtāhuhu Local Board</a> area of Auckland had the highest concentration of Christians in New Zealand, with 67.7 percent of the local board's 71,000 residents identifying as such. This is due to its high proportion of Pacifica immigrants. <sup id="cite_ref-60" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-60"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In contrast to other bible belts, both areas tend to vote for left-wing candidates and are both currently represented in parliament by the center-left <a href="/wiki/New_Zealand_Labour_Party" title="New Zealand Labour Party">Labour Party</a> as of 2023.<sup id="cite_ref-61" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-61"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>61<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Norway">Norway</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bible_Belt&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: Norway"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The <a href="/wiki/Bible_Belt_(Norway)" title="Bible Belt (Norway)">Bible Belt of Norway</a> is located mainly in <a href="/wiki/Western_Norway" title="Western Norway">the western</a> and <a href="/wiki/Southern_Norway" title="Southern Norway">southern parts of the country</a>, especially rural areas of <a href="/wiki/Agder" title="Agder">Agder</a> and <a href="/wiki/Rogaland" title="Rogaland">Rogaland</a> counties, which contains numerous devout Lutherans. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Poland">Poland</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bible_Belt&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: Poland"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The southern and eastern parts of <a href="/wiki/Poland" title="Poland">Poland</a> are much more religious than in the north and west.<sup id="cite_ref-62" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-62"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>62<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> See <a href="/wiki/Poland_A_and_B" title="Poland A and B">Poland A and B</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Soviet_Union">Soviet Union</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bible_Belt&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section: Soviet Union"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Before its independence, <a href="/wiki/Ukrainian_Soviet_Socialist_Republic" title="Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic">Soviet Ukraine</a> was known as the Bible Belt of the Soviet Union, with a significant proportion of <a href="/wiki/Baptists_in_Ukraine" title="Baptists in Ukraine">Baptists</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-NCEEER_63-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NCEEER-63"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>63<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Sweden">Sweden</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bible_Belt&action=edit&section=23" title="Edit section: Sweden"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The area normally called the <a href="/wiki/Bible_Belt_(Sweden)" title="Bible Belt (Sweden)">Bible Belt of Sweden</a> is centered on <a href="/wiki/J%C3%B6nk%C3%B6ping" title="Jönköping">Jönköping</a> in <a href="/wiki/South_Sweden" title="South Sweden">southern Sweden</a> and contains numerous <a href="/wiki/Free_church" title="Free church">free churches</a>. Of the <a href="/wiki/Sm%C3%A5land" title="Småland">Småland</a> counties, <a href="/wiki/J%C3%B6nk%C3%B6ping_County" title="Jönköping County">Jönköping</a> is characterized by the <a href="/wiki/Free_church" title="Free church">Free Church</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kalmar_County" title="Kalmar County">Kalmar</a> by the <a href="/wiki/High_church_Lutheranism" title="High church Lutheranism">High Church</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Kronoberg_County" title="Kronoberg County">Kronoberg</a> by the <a href="/wiki/Ecumenical_creeds" title="Ecumenical creeds">Old Church</a>. In a broader sense, the Bible Belt refers to the area between Jönköping and Gothenburg.<sup id="cite_ref-64" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-64"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>64<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>There are also numerous conservative Lutheran <a href="/wiki/Laestadianism" title="Laestadianism">Laestadians</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Me%C3%A4nmaa" title="Meänmaa">Torne valley</a> area in the far north of the country. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="United_Kingdom">United Kingdom</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bible_Belt&action=edit&section=24" title="Edit section: United Kingdom"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In <a href="/wiki/Northern_Ireland" title="Northern Ireland">Northern Ireland</a>, the area in <a href="/wiki/County_Antrim" title="County Antrim">County Antrim</a> stretching from roughly <a href="/wiki/Ballymoney" title="Ballymoney">Ballymoney</a> to <a href="/wiki/Larne" title="Larne">Larne</a> and centered in the area of <a href="/wiki/Ballymena" title="Ballymena">Ballymena</a> is often referred to as a Bible Belt.<sup id="cite_ref-65" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-65"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>65<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This is because the area is heavily Protestant with a large <a href="/wiki/Evangelicalism" title="Evangelicalism">evangelical</a> community. From 1970 to 2010, the MP for <a href="/wiki/North_Antrim_(UK_Parliament_constituency)" title="North Antrim (UK Parliament constituency)">North Antrim</a> was <a href="/wiki/Ian_Paisley" title="Ian Paisley">Ian Paisley</a>, a <a href="/wiki/Free_Presbyterian_Church_of_Ulster" title="Free Presbyterian Church of Ulster">Free Presbyterian</a> minister well known for his theological fundamentalism. The town of Ballymena, the largest town in the constituency, is often referred to as the "buckle" of the Bible Belt.<sup id="cite_ref-gonzo2005_66-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-gonzo2005-66"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>66<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bible_Belt&action=edit&section=25" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239009302">.mw-parser-output .portalbox{padding:0;margin:0.5em 0;display:table;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:175px;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portalborder{border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);padding:0.1em;background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa)}.mw-parser-output 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srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/48px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/64px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /></span></span></span><span class="portalbox-link"><a href="/wiki/Portal:United_States" title="Portal:United States">United States portal</a></span></li><li class="portalbox-entry"><span class="portalbox-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:P_christianity.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/P_christianity.svg/31px-P_christianity.svg.png" decoding="async" width="31" height="28" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/P_christianity.svg/47px-P_christianity.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/P_christianity.svg/62px-P_christianity.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="400" data-file-height="360" /></a></span></span><span class="portalbox-link"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Christianity" title="Portal:Christianity">Christianity portal</a></span></li></ul> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1184024115">.mw-parser-output .div-col{margin-top:0.3em;column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .div-col-small{font-size:90%}.mw-parser-output .div-col-rules{column-rule:1px solid #aaa}.mw-parser-output .div-col dl,.mw-parser-output .div-col ol,.mw-parser-output .div-col ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .div-col li,.mw-parser-output .div-col dd{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}</style><div class="div-col" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Banana_Belt" class="mw-redirect" title="Banana Belt">Banana Belt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blue_wall_(U.S._politics)" class="mw-redirect" title="Blue wall (U.S. politics)">Blue wall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Born_again" title="Born again">Born again</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_fundamentalism" title="Christian fundamentalism">Christian fundamentalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_right" title="Christian right">Christian right</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conservative_holiness_movement" title="Conservative holiness movement">Conservative holiness movement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hindi_Belt" title="Hindi Belt">Hindi Belt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deep_South" title="Deep South">Deep South</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Evangelicalism_in_the_United_States" title="Evangelicalism in the United States">Evangelicalism in the United States</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Great_Awakening" title="Great Awakening">Great Awakening</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jesusland_map" title="Jesusland map">Jesusland map</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_belt_regions_of_the_United_States" title="List of belt regions of the United States">List of belt regions of the United States</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_U.S._states_by_religiosity" class="mw-redirect" title="List of U.S. states by religiosity">List of U.S. states by religiosity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quran_Belt" title="Quran Belt">Quran Belt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rust_Belt" title="Rust Belt">Rust Belt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Southern_Baptist_Convention" title="Southern Baptist Convention">Southern Baptist Convention</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Unchurched_Belt" title="Unchurched Belt">Unchurched Belt</a></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bible_Belt&action=edit&section=26" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.pewforum.org/religious-landscape-study/religious-tradition/unaffiliated-religious-nones/">"The Unaffiliated"</a>. <i>Pew Research Center's Religion & Public Life Project</i>. May 11, 2015. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210206154641/https://www.pewforum.org/religious-landscape-study/religious-tradition/unaffiliated-religious-nones/">Archived</a> from the original on February 6, 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 31,</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Pew+Research+Center%27s+Religion+%26+Public+Life+Project&rft.atitle=The+Unaffiliated&rft.date=2015-05-11&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.pewforum.org%2Freligious-landscape-study%2Freligious-tradition%2Funaffiliated-religious-nones%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABible+Belt" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.pewforum.org/religious-landscape-study/state/tennessee/">"Adults in Tennessee"</a>. <i>Pew Research Center's Religion & Public Life Project</i>. May 11, 2015. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170907135416/http://www.pewforum.org/religious-landscape-study/state/tennessee/">Archived</a> from the original on September 7, 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 31,</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Pew+Research+Center%27s+Religion+%26+Public+Life+Project&rft.atitle=Adults+in+Tennessee&rft.date=2015-05-11&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.pewforum.org%2Freligious-landscape-study%2Fstate%2Ftennessee%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABible+Belt" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Fred R. Shapiro (ed.). <i>Yale Book of Quotations</i>. <a href="/wiki/Yale_University_Press" title="Yale University Press">Yale University Press</a> (2006). <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-300-10798-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-300-10798-2">978-0-300-10798-2</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150708154841/http://www.aaa.si.edu/collections/images/detail/h-l-mencken-letter-to-charles-green-shaw-9819">"H. L. Mencken letter to Charles Green Shaw, 1927 Dec. 2"</a>. Charles Green Shaw papers, <a href="/wiki/Archives_of_American_Art" title="Archives of American Art">Archives of American Art</a>, <a href="/wiki/Smithsonian_Institution" title="Smithsonian Institution">Smithsonian Institution</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.aaa.si.edu/collections/images/detail/h-l-mencken-letter-to-charles-green-shaw-9819">the original</a> on July 8, 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=H.+L.+Mencken+letter+to+Charles+Green+Shaw%2C+1927+Dec.+2&rft.pub=Charles+Green+Shaw+papers%2C+Archives+of+American+Art%2C+Smithsonian+Institution&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.aaa.si.edu%2Fcollections%2Fimages%2Fdetail%2Fh-l-mencken-letter-to-charles-green-shaw-9819&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABible+Belt" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFH._L._Mencken2011" class="citation web cs1">H. L. Mencken (June 3, 2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191223233704/http://www.lettersofnote.com/2011/06/human-race-is-incurably-idiotic.html">"The human race is incurably idiotic"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.lettersofnote.com/2011/06/human-race-is-incurably-idiotic.html">the original</a> on December 23, 2019 – via lettersofnote.com.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+human+race+is+incurably+idiotic&rft.date=2011-06-03&rft.au=H.+L.+Mencken&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.lettersofnote.com%2F2011%2F06%2Fhuman-race-is-incurably-idiotic.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABible+Belt" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Brunn, Stanley D., Gerald R. Webster, and J. Clark Archer. "The Bible Belt in a changing south: Shrinking, relocating, and multiple buckles." <i>Southeastern Geographer</i> 51.4 (2011): 513–549. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/26228980">online</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230129031122/https://www.jstor.org/stable/26228980">Archived</a> January 29, 2023, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Barry Vann (2008), <i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=_cx6NMWOqKQC&dq=bible+belt+charles+heatwole&pg=PA138">In search of Ulster-Scots land: the birth and geotheological imagings of a transatlantic people, 1603-1703</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20231006204515/https://books.google.com/books?id=_cx6NMWOqKQC&dq=bible+belt+charles+heatwole&pg=PA138">Archived</a> October 6, 2023, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></i>, Univ of South Carolina Press, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-57003-708-6" title="Special:BookSources/1-57003-708-6">1-57003-708-6</a>, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-57003-708-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-57003-708-5">978-1-57003-708-5</a>. Pages 138–140.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Carney_Fast_Food-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Carney_Fast_Food_8-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCarney1995" class="citation book cs1">Carney, George O., ed. (1995). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=aJnNasHzjN0C&pg=PP1"><i>Fast food, stock cars and rock'n'roll: place and space in American pop culture</i></a>. Lanham: Rowman & Littlefield. p. 131. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780847680801" title="Special:BookSources/9780847680801"><bdi>9780847680801</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230115192530/https://books.google.com/books?id=aJnNasHzjN0C&pg=PP1">Archived</a> from the original on January 15, 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 15,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Fast+food%2C+stock+cars+and+rock%27n%27roll%3A+place+and+space+in+American+pop+culture&rft.place=Lanham&rft.pages=131&rft.pub=Rowman+%26+Littlefield&rft.date=1995&rft.isbn=9780847680801&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DaJnNasHzjN0C%26pg%3DPP1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABible+Belt" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Tweedie, S.W. (1978) Viewing the Bible Belt. <a href="/wiki/Journal_of_Popular_Culture" class="mw-redirect" title="Journal of Popular Culture">Journal of Popular Culture</a> 11; 865-76</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-About_BibleBelt-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-About_BibleBelt_10-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="Rosenberg" class="citation news cs1">Rosenberg, Matt. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150612225620/http://geography.about.com/od/culturalgeography/fl/The-Bible-Belt.htm">"The Bible Belt Extends Throughout the American South (And Perhaps Beyond?)"</a>. About.com. About Education. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://geography.about.com/od/culturalgeography/fl/The-Bible-Belt.htm">the original</a> on June 12, 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 11,</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=The+Bible+Belt+Extends+Throughout+the+American+South+%28And+Perhaps+Beyond%3F%29&rft.aulast=Rosenberg&rft.aufirst=Matt&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fgeography.about.com%2Fod%2Fculturalgeography%2Ffl%2FThe-Bible-Belt.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABible+Belt" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLipkaWormald2023" class="citation web cs1">Lipka, Michael; Wormald, Benjamin (January 5, 2023). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.pewresearch.org/fact-tank/2016/02/29/how-religious-is-your-state/?state=alabama">"How religious is your state?"</a>. Pew Research Center. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200608032825/https://www.pewresearch.org/fact-tank/2016/02/29/how-religious-is-your-state/?state=alabama">Archived</a> from the original on June 8, 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 5,</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=How+religious+is+your+state%3F&rft.pub=Pew+Research+Center&rft.date=2023-01-05&rft.aulast=Lipka&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft.au=Wormald%2C+Benjamin&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.pewresearch.org%2Ffact-tank%2F2016%2F02%2F29%2Fhow-religious-is-your-state%2F%3Fstate%3Dalabama&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABible+Belt" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.pewresearch.org/religion/religious-landscape-study/compare/interpreting-scripture/by/state/">"Interpreting Scripture by State"</a>. <i>Pew Research Center</i>. May 30, 2014. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230804203542/https://www.pewresearch.org/religion/religious-landscape-study/compare/interpreting-scripture/by/state/">Archived</a> from the original on August 4, 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 4,</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Pew+Research+Center&rft.atitle=Interpreting+Scripture+by+State&rft.date=2014-05-30&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.pewresearch.org%2Freligion%2Freligious-landscape-study%2Fcompare%2Finterpreting-scripture%2Fby%2Fstate%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABible+Belt" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Pew-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Pew_13-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Pew_13-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.pewforum.org/religious-landscape-study/state/alabama/#importance-of-religion-by-state">Importance of religion by state</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150515002129/http://www.pewforum.org/religious-landscape-study/state/alabama/#importance-of-religion-by-state">Archived</a> May 15, 2015, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> Pew forum</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.pewforum.org/religious-landscape-study/state/">"State - Religion in America: U.S. Religious Data, Demographics and Statistics"</a>. Pew Research Center. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200809173625/https://www.pewforum.org/religious-landscape-study/state/">Archived</a> from the original on August 9, 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 13,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=State+-+Religion+in+America%3A+U.S.+Religious+Data%2C+Demographics+and+Statistics&rft.pub=Pew+Research+Center&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.pewforum.org%2Freligious-landscape-study%2Fstate%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABible+Belt" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.9news.com/article/news/local/despite-its-reputation-colorado-springs-has-low-church-attendance/73-344798060">"Despite its reputation, Colorado Springs has low church attendance"</a>. <i>KUSA.com</i>. January 7, 2005. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240922202853/https://www.9news.com/article/news/local/despite-its-reputation-colorado-springs-has-low-church-attendance/73-344798060">Archived</a> from the original on September 22, 2024<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 29,</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=KUSA.com&rft.atitle=Despite+its+reputation%2C+Colorado+Springs+has+low+church+attendance&rft.date=2005-01-07&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.9news.com%2Farticle%2Fnews%2Flocal%2Fdespite-its-reputation-colorado-springs-has-low-church-attendance%2F73-344798060&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABible+Belt" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBurge2016" class="citation web cs1">Burge, Tobin Grant with Ryan (April 21, 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://gazette.com/news/trump-won-big-in-the-bible-belt-and-lots-of-mini-bible-belts-outside-the/article_035cbd10-5188-513b-80b9-dee5fc52baf8.html">"Trump won big in the Bible Belt (and lots of mini-Bible Belts outside the South)"</a>. <i>Colorado Springs Gazette</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 29,</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Colorado+Springs+Gazette&rft.atitle=Trump+won+big+in+the+Bible+Belt+%28and+lots+of+mini-Bible+Belts+outside+the+South%29&rft.date=2016-04-21&rft.aulast=Burge&rft.aufirst=Tobin+Grant+with+Ryan&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fgazette.com%2Fnews%2Ftrump-won-big-in-the-bible-belt-and-lots-of-mini-bible-belts-outside-the%2Farticle_035cbd10-5188-513b-80b9-dee5fc52baf8.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABible+Belt" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBrady2005" class="citation web cs1">Brady, Jeff (January 17, 2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.npr.org/2005/01/17/4287106/colorado-springs-a-mecca-for-evangelical-christians">"Colorado Springs a Mecca for Evangelical Christians"</a>. <i>NPR</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230129031124/https://www.npr.org/2005/01/17/4287106/colorado-springs-a-mecca-for-evangelical-christians">Archived</a> from the original on January 29, 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 29,</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=NPR&rft.atitle=Colorado+Springs+a+Mecca+for+Evangelical+Christians&rft.date=2005-01-17&rft.aulast=Brady&rft.aufirst=Jeff&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.npr.org%2F2005%2F01%2F17%2F4287106%2Fcolorado-springs-a-mecca-for-evangelical-christians&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABible+Belt" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFYi2013" class="citation web cs1">Yi, Fred (February 22, 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.pbs.org/wnet/religionandethics/2013/02/22/february-22-2013-colorado-springs-evangelicals/14792/">"February 22, 2013 ~ Colorado Springs Evangelicals | February 22, 2013 | Religion & Ethics NewsWeekly | PBS"</a>. <i>Religion & Ethics NewsWeekly</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230129031125/https://www.pbs.org/wnet/religionandethics/2013/02/22/february-22-2013-colorado-springs-evangelicals/14792/">Archived</a> from the original on January 29, 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 29,</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Religion+%26+Ethics+NewsWeekly&rft.atitle=February+22%2C+2013+~+Colorado+Springs+Evangelicals+%7C+February+22%2C+2013+%7C+Religion+%26+Ethics+NewsWeekly+%7C+PBS&rft.date=2013-02-22&rft.aulast=Yi&rft.aufirst=Fred&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.pbs.org%2Fwnet%2Freligionandethics%2F2013%2F02%2F22%2Ffebruary-22-2013-colorado-springs-evangelicals%2F14792%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABible+Belt" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://religionunplugged.com/news/2020/4/30/religious-nonprofits-in-the-usas-evangelical-mecca-face-unprecedented-challenges">"Religious Nonprofits in 'Evangelical Mecca' Face Unprecedented Challenges"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Religion_Unplugged" title="Religion Unplugged">Religion Unplugged</a></i>. April 30, 2020. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230129031123/https://religionunplugged.com/news/2020/4/30/religious-nonprofits-in-the-usas-evangelical-mecca-face-unprecedented-challenges">Archived</a> from the original on January 29, 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 29,</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Religion+Unplugged&rft.atitle=Religious+Nonprofits+in+%27Evangelical+Mecca%27+Face+Unprecedented+Challenges&rft.date=2020-04-30&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Freligionunplugged.com%2Fnews%2F2020%2F4%2F30%2Freligious-nonprofits-in-the-usas-evangelical-mecca-face-unprecedented-challenges&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABible+Belt" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Jeynes-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Jeynes_20-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJeynes2009" class="citation book cs1">Jeynes, William H. (2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=VmlFCQAAQBAJ&pg=PP1"><i>A call for character education and prayer in the schools</i></a>. Foreword by William J. Murray. Santa Barbara, CA: Praeger. pp. 122–123. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0313351044" title="Special:BookSources/978-0313351044"><bdi>978-0313351044</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230115192530/https://books.google.com/books?id=VmlFCQAAQBAJ&pg=PP1">Archived</a> from the original on January 15, 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 11,</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=A+call+for+character+education+and+prayer+in+the+schools&rft.place=Santa+Barbara%2C+CA&rft.pages=122-123&rft.pub=Praeger&rft.date=2009&rft.isbn=978-0313351044&rft.aulast=Jeynes&rft.aufirst=William+H.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DVmlFCQAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPP1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABible+Belt" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Britannica-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Britannica_21-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Britannica_21-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britannica.com/topic/Baptist">"Baptist - History, Beliefs, Denominations, & Facts"</a>. <i>Encyclopedia Britannica</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190109160237/https://www.britannica.com/topic/Baptist">Archived</a> from the original on January 9, 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 1,</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Encyclopedia+Britannica&rft.atitle=Baptist+-+History%2C+Beliefs%2C+Denominations%2C+%26+Facts&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.britannica.com%2Ftopic%2FBaptist&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABible+Belt" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.georgiaencyclopedia.org/articles/arts-culture/daniel-marshall-1706-1784">"Daniel Marshall (1706-1784)"</a>. <i>New Georgia Encyclopedia</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190202095356/https://www.georgiaencyclopedia.org/articles/arts-culture/daniel-marshall-1706-1784">Archived</a> from the original on February 2, 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 1,</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=New+Georgia+Encyclopedia&rft.atitle=Daniel+Marshall+%281706-1784%29&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.georgiaencyclopedia.org%2Farticles%2Farts-culture%2Fdaniel-marshall-1706-1784&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABible+Belt" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Sobel-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Sobel_23-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Sobel_23-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSobel1988" class="citation book cs1">Sobel, Mechal (1988). <span class="id-lock-registration" title="Free registration required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/trabelinonslavej0000sobe"><i>Trabelin' on: The Slave Journey to an Afro-Baptist Faith</i></a></span>. Princeton University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0691006032" title="Special:BookSources/0691006032"><bdi>0691006032</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Trabelin%27+on%3A+The+Slave+Journey+to+an+Afro-Baptist+Faith&rft.pub=Princeton+University+Press&rft.date=1988&rft.isbn=0691006032&rft.aulast=Sobel&rft.aufirst=Mechal&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Ftrabelinonslavej0000sobe&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABible+Belt" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKidd2007" class="citation book cs1">Kidd, Thomas S. (2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=xPCrZa70--AC"><i>The Great Awakening: The Roots of Evangelical Christianity in Colonial America</i></a>. Yale University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0300148251" title="Special:BookSources/978-0300148251"><bdi>978-0300148251</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230115192531/https://books.google.com/books?id=xPCrZa70--AC">Archived</a> from the original on January 15, 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 21,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Great+Awakening%3A+The+Roots+of+Evangelical+Christianity+in+Colonial+America&rft.pub=Yale+University+Press&rft.date=2007&rft.isbn=978-0300148251&rft.aulast=Kidd&rft.aufirst=Thomas+S.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DxPCrZa70--AC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABible+Belt" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWilmore2004" class="citation book cs1">Wilmore, Gayraud S. (2004). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=4Wy_DAAAQBAJ"><i>Pragmatic Spirituality: The Christian Faith through an Africentric Lens</i></a>. New York University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781479884247" title="Special:BookSources/9781479884247"><bdi>9781479884247</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230115192533/https://books.google.com/books?id=4Wy_DAAAQBAJ">Archived</a> from the original on January 15, 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 21,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Pragmatic+Spirituality%3A+The+Christian+Faith+through+an+Africentric+Lens&rft.pub=New+York+University+Press&rft.date=2004&rft.isbn=9781479884247&rft.aulast=Wilmore&rft.aufirst=Gayraud+S.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D4Wy_DAAAQBAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABible+Belt" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130328095729/http://cities.barna.org/americas-most-and-least-bible-minded-cities/">"America's Most and Least Bible-Minded Cities"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://cities.barna.org/americas-most-and-least-bible-minded-cities/">the original</a> on March 28, 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 31,</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=America%27s+Most+and+Least+Bible-Minded+Cities&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fcities.barna.org%2Famericas-most-and-least-bible-minded-cities%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABible+Belt" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-encyclopedia_of_the_great_plains-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-encyclopedia_of_the_great_plains_27-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://plainshumanities.unl.edu/encyclopedia/doc/egp.ct.002">"Encyclopedia of the Great Plains - ABILENE, TEXAS"</a>. <i>unl.edu</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150402112257/http://plainshumanities.unl.edu/encyclopedia/doc/egp.ct.002">Archived</a> from the original on April 2, 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 3,</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.helsinki.fi&rft.atitle=FENNIA+2002&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.helsinki.fi%2Fmaantiede%2Fgeofi%2Ffennia%2Fdemo%2Fpages%2Ffig_pages%2Fraento_cd4.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABible+Belt" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-47"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-47">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.mtvuutiset.fi/artikkeli/pohjanmaan-raamattu-vyohyke-nakyy-aborttitilastoissa/1894996">"Pohjanmaan Raamattu-vyöhyke näkyy aborttitilastoissa"</a>. <i>mtvuutiset.fi</i> (in Finnish). 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 11,</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.evangelisch.de&rft.atitle=S%C3%A4chsische+Kirche+erm%C3%B6glicht+Segnung+Homosexueller+im+Gottesdienst&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.evangelisch.de%2Finhalte%2F139413%2F18-10-2016%2Fsaechsische-kirche-ermoeglicht-segnung-homosexueller-im-gottesdienst&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABible+Belt" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-57"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-57">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.15min.lt/naujiena/aktualu/lietuva/vilniaus-ir-salcininku-rajonuose-naujai-isrinktoms-taryboms-toliau-vadovaus-jezus-kristus-56-499129">"Vilniaus ir Šalčininkų rajonuose naujai išrinktoms taryboms ir toliaus vadovaus Jėzus Kristus"</a>. 15min.lt. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210203181134/https://www.15min.lt/naujiena/aktualu/lietuva/vilniaus-ir-salcininku-rajonuose-naujai-isrinktoms-taryboms-toliau-vadovaus-jezus-kristus-56-499129">Archived</a> from the original on February 3, 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 27,</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=emigratenz.org&rft.atitle=New+Zealand&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.emigratenz.org%2Fforum%2Farchive%2Findex.php%2Ft-2606.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABible+Belt" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-59"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-59">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.stuff.co.nz/dominion-post/news/71757291/tawa-ditches-prohibition-a-century-after-banning-alcohol--150-years-of-news">"Tawa ditches prohibition a century after banning alcohol - 150 years of news"</a>. <i>Stuff</i>. September 4, 2015. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20171012092458/http://www.stuff.co.nz/dominion-post/news/71757291/tawa-ditches-prohibition-a-century-after-banning-alcohol--150-years-of-news">Archived</a> from the original on October 12, 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 3,</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Stuff&rft.atitle=Tawa+ditches+prohibition+a+century+after+banning+alcohol+-+150+years+of+news&rft.date=2015-09-04&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.stuff.co.nz%2Fdominion-post%2Fnews%2F71757291%2Ftawa-ditches-prohibition-a-century-after-banning-alcohol--150-years-of-news&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABible+Belt" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-60"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-60">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140524102811/http://www.stats.govt.nz/~/media/Statistics/Census/2013%20Census/profile-and-summary-reports/quickstats-culture-identity/tables.xls">"Table 33: Religious affiliation (total responses) by territorial authority area, Auckland local board area, and sex – 2013 Census QuickStats about culture and identity"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Statistics_New_Zealand" title="Statistics New Zealand">Statistics New Zealand</a>. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 5,</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.parliament.nz&rft.atitle=Members+of+Parliament+-+New+Zealand+Parliament&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.parliament.nz%2Fen%2Fmps-and-electorates%2Fmembers-of-parliament%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABible+Belt" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-62"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-62">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Wojciech Sadlon (ed.), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://iskk.pl/images/stories/Instytut/dokumenty/Annuarium_Statisticum_2018.pdf">Annuarium Statisticum Ecclesiae in Polonia AD 2018</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210131132003/http://iskk.pl/images/stories/Instytut/dokumenty/Annuarium_Statisticum_2018.pdf">Archived</a> January 31, 2021, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-NCEEER-63"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-NCEEER_63-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWanne,_Catherine2006" class="citation journal cs1">Wanne, Catherine (2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ucis.pitt.edu/nceeer/2006_819_19g_Wanner.pdf">"Evangelicalism and the Resurgence of Religion in Ukraine"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>The National Council for Eurasian and East European Research</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110720030412/http://www.ucis.pitt.edu/nceeer/2006_819_19g_Wanner.pdf">Archived</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> from the original on July 20, 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 1,</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+National+Council+for+Eurasian+and+East+European+Research&rft.atitle=Evangelicalism+and+the+Resurgence+of+Religion+in+Ukraine&rft.date=2006&rft.au=Wanne%2C+Catherine&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ucis.pitt.edu%2Fnceeer%2F2006_819_19g_Wanner.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABible+Belt" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-64"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-64">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20211104161059/https://www.hangotidningen.fi/article/hbl-besokte-svenska-bibelbaltet-flit-fralsning-och-flyktingar/">"HBL besökte svenska bibelbältet: Flit, frälsning och flyktingar"</a>. November 4, 2021. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.hangotidningen.fi/article/hbl-besokte-svenska-bibelbaltet-flit-fralsning-och-flyktingar/">the original</a> on November 4, 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">December 13,</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=HBL+bes%C3%B6kte+svenska+bibelb%C3%A4ltet%3A+Flit%2C+fr%C3%A4lsning+och+flyktingar&rft.date=2021-11-04&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.hangotidningen.fi%2Farticle%2Fhbl-besokte-svenska-bibelbaltet-flit-fralsning-och-flyktingar%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABible+Belt" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-65"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-65">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDoyle2018" class="citation news cs1">Doyle, James (March 31, 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.irishtimes.com/culture/books/growing-up-in-northern-ireland-s-bible-belt-1.3442069">"Growing up in Northern Ireland's Bible belt"</a>. <i>The Irish Times</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240915225344/https://www.irishtimes.com/culture/books/growing-up-in-northern-ireland-s-bible-belt-1.3442069">Archived</a> from the original on September 15, 2024<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 15,</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Irish+Times&rft.atitle=Growing+up+in+Northern+Ireland%27s+Bible+belt&rft.date=2018-03-31&rft.aulast=Doyle&rft.aufirst=James&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.irishtimes.com%2Fculture%2Fbooks%2Fgrowing-up-in-northern-ireland-s-bible-belt-1.3442069&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABible+Belt" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-gonzo2005-66"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-gonzo2005_66-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGonzo2005" class="citation web cs1">Gonzo, Belfast (July 29, 2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://sluggerotoole.com/2005/07/29/more_news_from_the_bible_belt/">"More news from the Bible Belt..."</a> <i>Slugger O'Toole</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160516085119/https://sluggerotoole.com/2005/07/29/more_news_from_the_bible_belt/">Archived</a> from the original on May 16, 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 8,</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Slugger+O%27Toole&rft.atitle=More+news+from+the+Bible+Belt...&rft.date=2005-07-29&rft.aulast=Gonzo&rft.aufirst=Belfast&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fsluggerotoole.com%2F2005%2F07%2F29%2Fmore_news_from_the_bible_belt%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABible+Belt" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bible_Belt&action=edit&section=27" title="Edit section: Further reading"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBalmer2002" class="citation book cs1">Balmer, Randall H. (2002). <i>Encyclopedia of Evangelicalism</i>. Westminster: John Knox Press.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Encyclopedia+of+Evangelicalism&rft.place=Westminster&rft.pub=John+Knox+Press&rft.date=2002&rft.aulast=Balmer&rft.aufirst=Randall+H.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABible+Belt" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBrunnWebsterArcher2011" class="citation journal cs1">Brunn, Stanley D.; Webster, Gerald R.; Archer, J. Clark (2011). "The Bible Belt in a changing south: Shrinking, relocating, and multiple buckles". <i>Southeastern Geographer</i>. <b>51</b> (4): 513–549. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1353%2Fsgo.2011.0040">10.1353/sgo.2011.0040</a>. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/26228980">26228980</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Southeastern+Geographer&rft.atitle=The+Bible+Belt+in+a+changing+south%3A+Shrinking%2C+relocating%2C+and+multiple+buckles&rft.volume=51&rft.issue=4&rft.pages=513-549&rft.date=2011&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1353%2Fsgo.2011.0040&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F26228980%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft.aulast=Brunn&rft.aufirst=Stanley+D.&rft.au=Webster%2C+Gerald+R.&rft.au=Archer%2C+J.+Clark&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABible+Belt" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDenman2004" class="citation journal cs1">Denman, Stan (2004). "Political Playing for the Soul of the American South: Theater and the Maintenance of Cultural Hegemony in the American Bible Belt". <i>Southern Quarterly</i>. <b>42</b> (3): 64–72.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Southern+Quarterly&rft.atitle=Political+Playing+for+the+Soul+of+the+American+South%3A+Theater+and+the+Maintenance+of+Cultural+Hegemony+in+the+American+Bible+Belt&rft.volume=42&rft.issue=3&rft.pages=64-72&rft.date=2004&rft.aulast=Denman&rft.aufirst=Stan&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABible+Belt" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHeatwole1978" class="citation journal cs1">Heatwole, Charles A. (1978). "The Bible Belt: a problem of regional definition". <i>Journal of Geography</i>. <b>77</b> (2): 50–55. <a href="/wiki/Bibcode_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bibcode (identifier)">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1978JGeog..77...50H">1978JGeog..77...50H</a>. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1080%2F00221347808980072">10.1080/00221347808980072</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Geography&rft.atitle=The+Bible+Belt%3A+a+problem+of+regional+definition&rft.volume=77&rft.issue=2&rft.pages=50-55&rft.date=1978&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1080%2F00221347808980072&rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F1978JGeog..77...50H&rft.aulast=Heatwole&rft.aufirst=Charles+A.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABible+Belt" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHeyrman1997" class="citation book cs1">Heyrman, Christine Leigh (1997). <i>Southern Cross: The Beginnings of the Bible Belt</i>. Knopf.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Southern+Cross%3A+The+Beginnings+of+the+Bible+Belt&rft.pub=Knopf&rft.date=1997&rft.aulast=Heyrman&rft.aufirst=Christine+Leigh&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABible+Belt" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHillLippyWilson2005" class="citation book cs1">Hill, Samuel S.; Lippy, Charles H.; Wilson, Charles R. (2005). <i>Encyclopedia of Religion in the South</i>. Mercer University Press.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Encyclopedia+of+Religion+in+the+South&rft.pub=Mercer+University+Press&rft.date=2005&rft.aulast=Hill&rft.aufirst=Samuel+S.&rft.au=Lippy%2C+Charles+H.&rft.au=Wilson%2C+Charles+R.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABible+Belt" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLippy1993" class="citation book cs1">Lippy, Charles H., ed. (1993). <span class="id-lock-registration" title="Free registration required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/religioninsouthc0000unse/"><i>Religion in South Carolina</i></a></span>. University of South Carolina Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-87249-891-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-87249-891-4"><bdi>978-0-87249-891-4</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Religion+in+South+Carolina&rft.pub=University+of+South+Carolina+Press&rft.date=1993&rft.isbn=978-0-87249-891-4&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Freligioninsouthc0000unse%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABible+Belt" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMarsden1982" class="citation book cs1">Marsden, George M. (1982). <i>Fundamentalism and American Culture: The Shaping of Twentieth-Century Evangelicalism, 1870–1925</i>. 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"The Scopes Trial and Southern Fundamentalism in Black and White: Race, Region, and Religion". <i>Journal of Southern History</i>. <b>70</b> (1): 95–120. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.2307%2F27648313">10.2307/27648313</a>. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/27648313">27648313</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Southern+History&rft.atitle=The+Scopes+Trial+and+Southern+Fundamentalism+in+Black+and+White%3A+Race%2C+Region%2C+and+Religion&rft.volume=70&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=95-120&rft.date=2004&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.2307%2F27648313&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F27648313%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft.aulast=Moran&rft.aufirst=Jeffrey+P.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABible+Belt" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPark1994" class="citation book cs1">Park, Chris C. (1994). <i>Sacred Worlds: An Introduction to Geography and Religion</i>. Routledge.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Sacred+Worlds%3A+An+Introduction+to+Geography+and+Religion&rft.pub=Routledge&rft.date=1994&rft.aulast=Park&rft.aufirst=Chris+C.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABible+Belt" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPetterssonHamberg1997" class="citation journal cs1">Pettersson, Thorleif; Hamberg, Eva M. (1997). "Denominational Pluralism and Church Membership in Contemporary Sweden". <i>Journal of Empirical Theology</i>. <b>10</b> (2): 61–78. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1163%2F157092597X00122">10.1163/157092597X00122</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Empirical+Theology&rft.atitle=Denominational+Pluralism+and+Church+Membership+in+Contemporary+Sweden&rft.volume=10&rft.issue=2&rft.pages=61-78&rft.date=1997&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1163%2F157092597X00122&rft.aulast=Pettersson&rft.aufirst=Thorleif&rft.au=Hamberg%2C+Eva+M.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABible+Belt" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSparks2001" class="citation book cs1">Sparks, Randy J. 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"Religious Values and Religiosity in the Textbook Adoption Controversy in Texas, 1981". <i>Review of Religious Research</i>. <b>25</b> (4): 321–333. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.2307%2F3511366">10.2307/3511366</a>. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/3511366">3511366</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Review+of+Religious+Research&rft.atitle=Religious+Values+and+Religiosity+in+the+Textbook+Adoption+Controversy+in+Texas%2C+1981&rft.volume=25&rft.issue=4&rft.pages=321-333&rft.date=1984&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.2307%2F3511366&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F3511366%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft.aulast=Stacey&rft.aufirst=Williams+A.&rft.au=Shupe%2C+Anson&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABible+Belt" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTurner1997" class="citation book cs1">Turner, Elizabeth Hayes (1997). <i>Women, Culture and Community: Religion and Reform in Galveston 1880–1920</i>. 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"Viewing the Bible Belt". <i>The Journal of Popular Culture</i>. <b>11</b> (4): 865–876. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1111%2Fj.0022-3840.1978.1104_865.x">10.1111/j.0022-3840.1978.1104_865.x</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Journal+of+Popular+Culture&rft.atitle=Viewing+the+Bible+Belt&rft.volume=11&rft.issue=4&rft.pages=865-876&rft.date=1978&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1111%2Fj.0022-3840.1978.1104_865.x&rft.aulast=Tweedie&rft.aufirst=Stephen+W.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABible+Belt" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist 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navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Eastern_Hemisphere" title="Eastern Hemisphere">Eastern Hemisphere</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Land_and_water_hemispheres" title="Land and water hemispheres">Land Hemisphere</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northern_Hemisphere" title="Northern Hemisphere">Northern Hemisphere</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Southern_Hemisphere" title="Southern Hemisphere">Southern Hemisphere</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Land_and_water_hemispheres" title="Land and water hemispheres">Water Hemisphere</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Western_Hemisphere" title="Western Hemisphere">Western Hemisphere</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Landmass" title="Landmass">Landmasses</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Afro-Eurasia" title="Afro-Eurasia">Africa-Eurasia</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Eurasia" title="Eurasia">Eurasia</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Americas" title="Americas">America</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antarctica" title="Antarctica">Antarctica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mainland_Australia" title="Mainland Australia">Australia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zealandia" title="Zealandia">Zealandia</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Submerged_continent" title="Submerged continent">submerged</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tectonic_plates" class="mw-redirect" title="Tectonic plates">Tectonic plates</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Continent" title="Continent">Continents</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Africa" title="Africa">Africa</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mediterranean_basin" title="Mediterranean basin">Mediterranean</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sahara" title="Sahara">Saharan</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/North_Africa" title="North Africa">Northern</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Maghreb" title="Maghreb">Maghreb</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mashriq" title="Mashriq">Mashriq</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Middle_East" title="Middle East">Middle East</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Middle_East_and_North_Africa" title="Middle East and North Africa">Middle East and North Africa</a></li></ul></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sub-Saharan_Africa" title="Sub-Saharan Africa">Sub-Saharan</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Central_Africa" title="Central Africa">Central</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/East_Africa" title="East Africa">East</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Horn_of_Africa" title="Horn of Africa">Horn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/African_Great_Lakes" title="African Great Lakes">Great Lakes</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Southern_Africa" title="Southern Africa">Southern</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/West_Africa" title="West Africa">Western</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Antarctica" title="Antarctica">Antarctica</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/East_Antarctica" title="East Antarctica">East Antarctica</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Antarctic_Plateau" title="Antarctic Plateau">Antarctic Plateau</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transantarctic_Mountains" title="Transantarctic Mountains">Transantarctic Mountains</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/West_Antarctica" title="West Antarctica">West Antarctica</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Antarctic_Peninsula" title="Antarctic Peninsula">Antarctic Peninsula</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Asia" title="Asia">Asia</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Asia%E2%80%93Pacific" title="Asia–Pacific">Asia–Pacific</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Central_Asia" title="Central Asia">Central</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aral_Sea" title="Aral Sea">Aral Sea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aralkum_Desert" title="Aralkum Desert">Aralkum Desert</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caspian_Sea" title="Caspian Sea">Caspian Sea</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/East_Asia" title="East Asia">Eastern</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Inner_Asia" title="Inner Asia">Inner Asia</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Greater_Central_Asia" title="Greater Central Asia">Greater Central Asia</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northeast_Asia" title="Northeast Asia">Northeastern</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Far_East" title="Far East">Far East</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pacific_Asia" title="Pacific Asia">Pacific Asia</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Russian_Far_East" title="Russian Far East">Russian Far East</a></li></ul></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_Asia" title="North Asia">Northern</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Siberia" title="Siberia">Siberia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ural_(region)" title="Ural (region)">Ural</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Southeast_Asia" title="Southeast Asia">Southeastern</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mainland_Southeast_Asia" title="Mainland Southeast Asia">Mainland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maritime_Southeast_Asia" title="Maritime Southeast Asia">Maritime</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Asia" title="South Asia">Southern</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Himalayan_states" title="Himalayan states">Himalayan states</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indian_subcontinent" title="Indian subcontinent">Indian subcontinent</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Regions_of_South_Asia" class="mw-redirect" title="Regions of South Asia">Subregions</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/West_Asia" title="West Asia">Western</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Arabian_Peninsula" title="Arabian Peninsula">Arabian Peninsula</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caucasus" title="Caucasus">Caucasus</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/South_Caucasus" title="South Caucasus">South Caucasus</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greater_Iran" title="Greater Iran">Greater Iran</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Iranian_plateau" title="Iranian plateau">Iranian plateau</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Levant" title="Levant">Levant</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dead_Sea" title="Dead Sea">Dead Sea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Levantine_Sea" title="Levantine Sea">Levantine Sea</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Middle_East" title="Middle East">Middle East</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mashriq" title="Mashriq">Mashriq</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Middle_East_and_North_Africa" title="Middle East and North Africa">Middle East and North Africa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Near_East" title="Near East">Near East</a></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Europe" title="Europe">Europe</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Central_Europe" title="Central Europe">Central</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eastern_Europe" title="Eastern Europe">Eastern</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Balkans" title="Balkans">Balkans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caucasus" title="Caucasus">Caucasus</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/North_Caucasus" title="North Caucasus">North Caucasus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Caucasus" title="South Caucasus">South Caucasus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Southern_Russia" title="Southern Russia">Southern Russia</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/European_Russia" title="European Russia">European Russia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Southeast_Europe" title="Southeast Europe">Southeastern</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northern_Europe" title="Northern Europe">Northern</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Baltic_states" title="Baltic states">Baltic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/British_Isles" title="British Isles">British Isles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nordic_countries" title="Nordic countries">Nordic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northwestern_Europe" title="Northwestern Europe">Northwestern</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scandinavia" title="Scandinavia">Scandinavia</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Scandinavian_Peninsula" title="Scandinavian Peninsula">Scandinavian Peninsula</a></li></ul></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Southern_Europe" title="Southern Europe">Southern</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mediterranean_basin" title="Mediterranean basin">Mediterranean</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Middle_East" title="Middle East">Middle East</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Italy_(geographical_region)" title="Italy (geographical region)">Italy</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Italian_Peninsula" class="mw-redirect" title="Italian Peninsula">Italian Peninsula</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Southeast_Europe" title="Southeast Europe">South-eastern</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Balkans" title="Balkans">Balkan Peninsula</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iberian_Peninsula" title="Iberian Peninsula">South-western</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Iberian_Peninsula" title="Iberian Peninsula">Iberian Peninsula</a></li></ul></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Western_Europe" title="Western Europe">Western</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Atlantic_Europe" title="Atlantic Europe">Atlantic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Low_Countries" title="Low Countries">Low Countries</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northwestern_Europe" title="Northwestern Europe">Northwestern</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Celtic_nations" title="Celtic nations">Celtic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Germanic-speaking_Europe" class="mw-redirect" title="Germanic-speaking Europe">Germanic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romance-speaking_Europe" class="mw-redirect" title="Romance-speaking Europe">Romance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slavs" title="Slavs">Slavic</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/North_America" title="North America">North America</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aridoamerica" title="Aridoamerica">Aridoamerica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caribbean" title="Caribbean">Caribbean</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Central_America" title="Central America">Central</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mesoamerica" title="Mesoamerica">Mesoamerica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Middle_America_(Americas)" title="Middle America (Americas)">Middle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northern_America" title="Northern America">Northern</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Appalachia" title="Appalachia">Appalachia</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Bible Belt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/East_Coast_of_the_United_States" title="East Coast of the United States">East Coast</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Great_Lakes_region" title="Great Lakes region">Great Lakes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mid-Atlantic_(United_States)" title="Mid-Atlantic (United States)">Mid-Atlantic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Midwestern_United_States" title="Midwestern United States">Midwest</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mountain_states" title="Mountain states">Mountain states</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_England" title="New England">New England</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northeastern_United_States" title="Northeastern United States">Northeastern United States</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pacific_Northwest" title="Pacific Northwest">Pacific Northwest</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Southern_United_States" title="Southern United States">Southern United States</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Southwestern_United_States" title="Southwestern United States">Southwest</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/West_Coast_of_the_United_States" title="West Coast of the United States">West Coast</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/West_South_Central_states" title="West South Central states">West South Central United States</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Western_United_States" title="Western United States">Western United States</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Atlantic_Canada" title="Atlantic Canada">Atlantic Canada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canadian_Prairies" title="Canadian Prairies">Canadian Prairies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Central_Canada" title="Central Canada">Central Canada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eastern_Canada" title="Eastern Canada">Eastern Canada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northern_Canada" title="Northern Canada">Northern Canada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Western_Canada" title="Western Canada">Western Canada</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northern_Mexico" title="Northern Mexico">Northern Mexico</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/West_Indies" title="West Indies">West Indies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anglo-America" title="Anglo-America">Anglo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/French_America" title="French America">French</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Latin_America" title="Latin America">Latin</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ibero-America" title="Ibero-America">Ibero</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hispanic_America" title="Hispanic America">Hispanic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portuguese_America" title="Portuguese America">Portuguese</a></li></ul></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Latin_America_and_the_Caribbean" title="Latin America and the Caribbean">Latin America and the Caribbean</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Oceania" title="Oceania">Oceania</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Australasia" title="Australasia">Australasia</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Australia_(continent)" title="Australia (continent)">Australia</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mainland_Australia" title="Mainland Australia">Mainland Australia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Guinea" title="New Guinea">New Guinea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tasmania" title="Tasmania">Tasmania</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zealandia" title="Zealandia">Zealandia</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Melanesia" title="Melanesia">Melanesia</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Island_Melanesia" title="Island Melanesia">Island Melanesia</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Micronesia" title="Micronesia">Micronesia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Near_Oceania" title="Near Oceania">Near Oceania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polynesia" title="Polynesia">Polynesia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Remote_Oceania" title="Remote Oceania">Remote Oceania</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/South_America" title="South America">South America</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Amazon_basin" title="Amazon basin">Amazon Plain</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Amazon_Basin_(sedimentary_basin)" title="Amazon Basin (sedimentary basin)">Amazon Basin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amazon_rainforest" title="Amazon rainforest">Amazon Rainforest</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andean_Community" title="Andean Community">Andean States</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brazilian_Highlands" title="Brazilian Highlands">Brazilian Highlands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caribbean_South_America" title="Caribbean South America">Caribbean South America</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Guianas" title="The Guianas">The Guianas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Latin_America_and_the_Caribbean" title="Latin America and the Caribbean">Latin America and the Caribbean</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Southern_Cone" title="Southern Cone">Southern Cone</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Patagonia" title="Patagonia">Patagonia</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Lists_of_islands" title="Lists of islands">Islands</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">By <a href="/wiki/Continent" title="Continent">continent</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_islands_of_Africa" title="List of islands of Africa">Africa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lists_of_islands_of_the_Americas" title="Lists of islands of the Americas">America</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_islands_of_North_America" title="List of islands of North America">North America</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Caribbean_islands" title="List of Caribbean islands">Caribbean</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_islands_of_Central_America" title="List of islands of Central America">Central America</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_islands_of_South_America" title="List of islands of South America">South America</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Antarctic_and_subantarctic_islands" title="List of Antarctic and subantarctic islands">Antarctica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_islands_of_Asia" class="mw-redirect" title="List of islands of Asia">Asia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_islands_of_Europe" title="List of islands of Europe">Europe</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_European_islands_by_area" title="List of European islands by area">by area</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_European_islands_by_population" title="List of European islands by population">by population</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_islands_in_the_Pacific_Ocean" title="List of islands in the Pacific Ocean">Oceania</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_islands_of_Australia" title="List of islands of Australia">Australia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_islands_of_New_Zealand" title="List of islands of New Zealand">New Zealand</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">By <a href="/wiki/Ocean" title="Ocean">ocean</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_islands_in_the_Arctic_Ocean" title="List of islands in the Arctic Ocean">Arctic Ocean</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_islands_in_the_Atlantic_Ocean" title="List of islands in the Atlantic Ocean">Atlantic Ocean</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_islands_in_the_Baltic_Sea" title="List of islands in the Baltic Sea">Baltic Sea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_islands_in_the_Black_Sea" title="List of islands in the Black Sea">Black Sea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Caribbean_islands" title="List of Caribbean islands">Caribbean Sea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_islands_in_the_Irish_Sea" title="List of islands in the Irish Sea">Irish Sea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_islands_in_the_Mediterranean" title="List of islands in the Mediterranean">Mediterranean Sea</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_islands_in_the_Adriatic" title="List of islands in the Adriatic">Adriatic Sea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Aegean_Islands" title="List of Aegean Islands">Aegean Sea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ionian_Islands" title="Ionian Islands">Ionian Sea</a></li></ul></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_islands_in_the_Indian_Ocean" title="List of islands in the Indian Ocean">Indian Ocean</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_islands_in_the_Persian_Gulf" title="List of islands in the Persian Gulf">Persian Gulf</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_islands_in_the_Pacific_Ocean" title="List of islands in the Pacific Ocean">Pacific Ocean</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_islands_in_the_East_China_Sea" title="List of islands in the East China Sea">East China Sea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_islands_in_the_South_China_Sea" title="List of islands in the South China Sea">South China Sea</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Antarctic_and_subantarctic_islands" title="List of Antarctic and subantarctic islands">Southern Ocean</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Ocean" title="Ocean">Oceans</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Southern_Ocean" title="Southern Ocean">Antarctic/Southern Ocean</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Antarctic_Convergence" title="Antarctic Convergence">Antarctic Convergence</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arctic_Ocean" title="Arctic Ocean">Arctic Ocean</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Atlantic_Ocean" title="Atlantic Ocean">Atlantic Ocean</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indian_Ocean" title="Indian Ocean">Indian Ocean</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pacific_Ocean" title="Pacific Ocean">Pacific Ocean</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Great_Barrier_Reef" title="Great Barrier Reef">Great Barrier Reef</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mariana_Trench" title="Mariana Trench">Mariana Trench</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ring_of_Fire" title="Ring of Fire">Ring of Fire</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ocean#World_Ocean" title="Ocean">World Ocean</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other <a href="/wiki/Body_of_water" title="Body of water">waterbodies</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_lakes" title="List of lakes">Lakes</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lists_of_lakes" title="Lists of lakes">lists</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lists_of_rivers" title="Lists of rivers">Rivers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_seas_on_Earth" title="List of seas on Earth">Seas</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Category:Rim_regions" title="Category:Rim regions">Rim</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Atlantic_Rim" class="mw-redirect" title="Atlantic Rim">Atlantic Rim</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indo-Mediterranean" title="Indo-Mediterranean">Indo-Mediterranean</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Indian_Ocean_Rim" class="mw-redirect" title="Indian Ocean Rim">Indian Ocean Rim</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mediterranean_Rim" class="mw-redirect" title="Mediterranean Rim">Mediterranean Rim</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pacific_Rim" title="Pacific Rim">Pacific Rim</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Polar_regions_of_Earth" title="Polar regions of Earth">Polar</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Antarctic" title="Antarctic">Antarctic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arctic" title="Arctic">Arctic</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Category:Global_regions" title="Category:Global regions">Global</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Global_East" title="Global East">Global East</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Geographical_Pivot_of_History#The_Heartland" title="The Geographical Pivot of History">Global Heartland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Global_North_and_Global_South" title="Global North and Global South">Global North</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northeast_Asia" title="Northeast Asia">Global Northeast</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Global_Northwest" title="Global Northwest">Global Northwest</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Global_North_and_Global_South" title="Global North and Global South">Global South</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Global_Southeast" title="Global Southeast">Global Southeast</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Global_Southwest" title="Global Southwest">Global Southwest</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Western_world" title="Western world">Global West</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Template"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Symbol_template_class_pink.svg/16px-Symbol_template_class_pink.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Symbol_template_class_pink.svg/23px-Symbol_template_class_pink.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Symbol_template_class_pink.svg/31px-Symbol_template_class_pink.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Template:Continents_of_Earth" title="Template:Continents of Earth">Continents of Earth</a> / <a href="/wiki/Template:List_of_seas" title="Template:List of seas">List of seas</a> / <a href="/wiki/Template:Earth" title="Template:Earth">Physical Earth</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="&quot;Belt&quot;_regions_of_the_United_States" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:U.S._Belt_regions" title="Template:U.S. Belt regions"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:U.S._Belt_regions" title="Template talk:U.S. Belt regions"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:U.S._Belt_regions" title="Special:EditPage/Template:U.S. Belt regions"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="&quot;Belt&quot;_regions_of_the_United_States" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/List_of_belt_regions_of_the_United_States" title="List of belt regions of the United States">"Belt" regions</a> of the United States</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Main Regions</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Rust_Belt" title="Rust Belt">Rust</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Salt_Belt" title="Salt Belt">Salt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sun_Belt" title="Sun Belt">Sun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tornado_Alley" title="Tornado Alley">Tornado</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Religious Regions</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Bible</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Borscht_Belt" title="Borscht Belt">Borscht</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mormon_corridor#"Jell-O_Belt"" title="Mormon corridor">Jell-O</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Unchurched_Belt" title="Unchurched Belt">Unchurched</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Production Regions</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Corn_Belt" title="Corn Belt">Corn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cotton_Belt" title="Cotton Belt">Cotton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fruit_Belt" title="Fruit Belt">Fruit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Southeast_Missouri_Lead_District" title="Southeast Missouri Lead District">Lead</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pretzel_Belt" title="Pretzel Belt">Pretzel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rice_Belt" title="Rice Belt">Rice</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other Regions</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Banana_belt" title="Banana belt">Banana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Great_bison_belt" title="Great bison belt">Bison</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Black_Belt_in_the_American_South" title="Black Belt in the American South">Black</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pine_Belt_(Mississippi)" title="Pine Belt (Mississippi)">Pine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Snowbelt" title="Snowbelt">Snow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stroke_Belt" title="Stroke Belt">Stroke</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: 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