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id="toc-Section_for_General_Affairs" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Section_for_General_Affairs"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1.1</span> <span>Section for General Affairs</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Section_for_General_Affairs-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Section_for_Relations_with_States_and_International_Organizations" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Section_for_Relations_with_States_and_International_Organizations"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1.2</span> <span>Section for Relations with States and International Organizations</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Section_for_Relations_with_States_and_International_Organizations-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Section_for_Diplomatic_Staff_of_the_Holy_See" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Section_for_Diplomatic_Staff_of_the_Holy_See"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1.3</span> <span>Section for Diplomatic Staff of the Holy See</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Section_for_Diplomatic_Staff_of_the_Holy_See-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Central_Statistics_Office_of_the_Church" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-4"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Central_Statistics_Office_of_the_Church"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1.3.1</span> <span>Central Statistics Office of the Church</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Central_Statistics_Office_of_the_Church-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Dicasteries" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Dicasteries"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Dicasteries</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Dicasteries-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Dicasteries subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Dicasteries-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Dicastery_for_Evangelization" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Dicastery_for_Evangelization"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span>Dicastery for Evangelization</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Dicastery_for_Evangelization-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Section_for_Fundamental_Issues_in_World_Evangelization" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Section_for_Fundamental_Issues_in_World_Evangelization"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1.1</span> <span>Section for Fundamental Issues in World Evangelization</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Section_for_Fundamental_Issues_in_World_Evangelization-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Section_for_First_Evangelization_and_the_New_Particular_Churches" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Section_for_First_Evangelization_and_the_New_Particular_Churches"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1.2</span> <span>Section for First Evangelization and the New Particular Churches</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Section_for_First_Evangelization_and_the_New_Particular_Churches-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Associated_organization" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Associated_organization"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1.3</span> <span>Associated organization</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Associated_organization-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-International_Council_for_Catechesis" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-4"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#International_Council_for_Catechesis"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1.3.1</span> <span>International Council for Catechesis</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-International_Council_for_Catechesis-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Dicastery_for_the_Doctrine_of_the_Faith" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Dicastery_for_the_Doctrine_of_the_Faith"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2</span> <span>Dicastery for the Doctrine of the Faith</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Dicastery_for_the_Doctrine_of_the_Faith-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Doctrinal_Section" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Doctrinal_Section"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2.1</span> <span>Doctrinal Section</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Doctrinal_Section-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Disciplinary_Section" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Disciplinary_Section"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2.2</span> <span>Disciplinary Section</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Disciplinary_Section-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Associated_organizations" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Associated_organizations"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2.3</span> <span>Associated organizations</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Associated_organizations-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Pontifical_Commission_for_the_Protection_of_Minors" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-4"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Pontifical_Commission_for_the_Protection_of_Minors"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2.3.1</span> <span>Pontifical Commission for the Protection of Minors</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Pontifical_Commission_for_the_Protection_of_Minors-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-International_Theological_Commission" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-4"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#International_Theological_Commission"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2.3.2</span> <span>International Theological Commission</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-International_Theological_Commission-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Pontifical_Biblical_Commission" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-4"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Pontifical_Biblical_Commission"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2.3.3</span> <span>Pontifical Biblical Commission</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Pontifical_Biblical_Commission-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-College_for_the_review_of_appeals_by_clergy_accused_of_delicta_reservata" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-4"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#College_for_the_review_of_appeals_by_clergy_accused_of_delicta_reservata"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2.3.4</span> <span>College for the review of appeals by clergy accused of <i>delicta reservata</i></span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-College_for_the_review_of_appeals_by_clergy_accused_of_delicta_reservata-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Dicastery_for_the_Service_of_Charity" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Dicastery_for_the_Service_of_Charity"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.3</span> <span>Dicastery for the Service of Charity</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Dicastery_for_the_Service_of_Charity-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Dicastery_for_the_Eastern_Churches" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Dicastery_for_the_Eastern_Churches"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.4</span> <span>Dicastery for the Eastern Churches</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Dicastery_for_the_Eastern_Churches-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Dicastery_for_Divine_Worship_and_the_Discipline_of_the_Sacraments" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Dicastery_for_Divine_Worship_and_the_Discipline_of_the_Sacraments"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.5</span> <span>Dicastery for Divine Worship and the Discipline of the Sacraments</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Dicastery_for_Divine_Worship_and_the_Discipline_of_the_Sacraments-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Associated_organization_2" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Associated_organization_2"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.5.1</span> <span>Associated organization</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Associated_organization_2-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-"Vox_Clara"_Committee" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-4"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#"Vox_Clara"_Committee"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.5.1.1</span> <span>"Vox Clara" Committee</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-"Vox_Clara"_Committee-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Dicastery_for_the_Causes_of_Saints" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Dicastery_for_the_Causes_of_Saints"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.6</span> <span>Dicastery for the Causes of Saints</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Dicastery_for_the_Causes_of_Saints-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Dicastery_for_Bishops" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Dicastery_for_Bishops"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.7</span> <span>Dicastery for Bishops</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Dicastery_for_Bishops-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Associated_organization_3" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Associated_organization_3"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.7.1</span> <span>Associated organization</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Associated_organization_3-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Pontifical_Commission_for_Latin_America" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-4"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Pontifical_Commission_for_Latin_America"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.7.1.1</span> <span>Pontifical Commission for Latin America</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Pontifical_Commission_for_Latin_America-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Dicastery_for_the_Clergy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Dicastery_for_the_Clergy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.8</span> <span>Dicastery for the Clergy</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Dicastery_for_the_Clergy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Associated_organizations_2" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Associated_organizations_2"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.8.1</span> <span>Associated organizations</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Associated_organizations_2-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Pontifical_Work_for_Priestly_Vocations" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-4"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Pontifical_Work_for_Priestly_Vocations"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.8.1.1</span> <span>Pontifical Work for Priestly Vocations</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Pontifical_Work_for_Priestly_Vocations-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Interdicasterial_Commission_for_Candidates_to_Sacred_Order" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-4"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Interdicasterial_Commission_for_Candidates_to_Sacred_Order"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.8.1.2</span> <span>Interdicasterial Commission for Candidates to Sacred Order</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Interdicasterial_Commission_for_Candidates_to_Sacred_Order-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Dicastery_for_Institutes_of_Consecrated_Life_and_for_Societies_of_Apostolic_life" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Dicastery_for_Institutes_of_Consecrated_Life_and_for_Societies_of_Apostolic_life"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.9</span> <span>Dicastery for Institutes of Consecrated Life and for Societies of Apostolic life</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Dicastery_for_Institutes_of_Consecrated_Life_and_for_Societies_of_Apostolic_life-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Dicastery_for_the_Laity,_Family_and_Life" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Dicastery_for_the_Laity,_Family_and_Life"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.10</span> <span>Dicastery for the Laity, Family and Life</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Dicastery_for_the_Laity,_Family_and_Life-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Associated_organizations_3" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Associated_organizations_3"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.10.1</span> <span>Associated organizations</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Associated_organizations_3-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Pontifical_Academy_for_Life" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-4"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Pontifical_Academy_for_Life"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.10.1.1</span> <span>Pontifical Academy for Life</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Pontifical_Academy_for_Life-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Pontifical_John_Paul_II_Theological_Institute_for_Matrimonial_and_Family_Science" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-4"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Pontifical_John_Paul_II_Theological_Institute_for_Matrimonial_and_Family_Science"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.10.1.2</span> <span>Pontifical John Paul II Theological Institute for Matrimonial and Family Science</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Pontifical_John_Paul_II_Theological_Institute_for_Matrimonial_and_Family_Science-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Dicastery_for_Promoting_Christian_Unity" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Dicastery_for_Promoting_Christian_Unity"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.11</span> <span>Dicastery for Promoting Christian Unity</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Dicastery_for_Promoting_Christian_Unity-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Associated_organization_4" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Associated_organization_4"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.11.1</span> <span>Associated organization</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Associated_organization_4-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Commission_for_Religious_Relations_with_the_Jews" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-4"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Commission_for_Religious_Relations_with_the_Jews"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.11.1.1</span> <span>Commission for Religious Relations with the Jews</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Commission_for_Religious_Relations_with_the_Jews-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Dicastery_for_Interreligious_Dialogue" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Dicastery_for_Interreligious_Dialogue"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.12</span> <span>Dicastery for Interreligious Dialogue</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Dicastery_for_Interreligious_Dialogue-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Associated_organization_5" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Associated_organization_5"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.12.1</span> <span>Associated organization</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Associated_organization_5-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Commission_for_Religious_Relations_with_Muslims" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-4"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Commission_for_Religious_Relations_with_Muslims"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.12.1.1</span> <span>Commission for Religious Relations with Muslims</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Commission_for_Religious_Relations_with_Muslims-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Dicastery_for_Culture_and_Education" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Dicastery_for_Culture_and_Education"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.13</span> <span>Dicastery for Culture and Education</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Dicastery_for_Culture_and_Education-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Section_for_Culture" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Section_for_Culture"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.13.1</span> <span>Section for Culture</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Section_for_Culture-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Section_for_Education" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Section_for_Education"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.13.2</span> <span>Section for Education</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Section_for_Education-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Associated_organizations_4" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Associated_organizations_4"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.13.3</span> <span>Associated organizations</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Associated_organizations_4-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Pontifical_Work_for_Ecclesiastical_Vocations" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-4"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Pontifical_Work_for_Ecclesiastical_Vocations"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.13.3.1</span> <span>Pontifical Work for Ecclesiastical Vocations</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Pontifical_Work_for_Ecclesiastical_Vocations-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Pontifical_Academies" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-4"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Pontifical_Academies"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.13.3.2</span> <span>Pontifical Academies</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Pontifical_Academies-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Dicastery_for_Promoting_Integral_Human_Development" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Dicastery_for_Promoting_Integral_Human_Development"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.14</span> <span>Dicastery for Promoting Integral Human Development</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Dicastery_for_Promoting_Integral_Human_Development-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Associated_organization_6" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Associated_organization_6"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.14.1</span> <span>Associated organization</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Associated_organization_6-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Vatican_COVID-19_Commission" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-4"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Vatican_COVID-19_Commission"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.14.1.1</span> <span>Vatican COVID-19 Commission</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Vatican_COVID-19_Commission-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Dicastery_for_Legislative_Texts" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Dicastery_for_Legislative_Texts"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.15</span> <span>Dicastery for Legislative Texts</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Dicastery_for_Legislative_Texts-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Dicastery_for_Communications" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Dicastery_for_Communications"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.16</span> <span>Dicastery for Communications</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Dicastery_for_Communications-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Associated_organizations_5" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Associated_organizations_5"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.16.1</span> <span>Associated organizations</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Associated_organizations_5-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Vatican_Press" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-4"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Vatican_Press"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.16.1.1</span> <span>Vatican Press</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Vatican_Press-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-L'Osservatore_Romano" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-4"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#L'Osservatore_Romano"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.16.1.2</span> <span><i>L'Osservatore Romano</i></span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-L'Osservatore_Romano-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Press_Office_of_the_Holy_See" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-4"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Press_Office_of_the_Holy_See"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.16.1.3</span> <span>Press Office of the Holy See</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Press_Office_of_the_Holy_See-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Institutions_of_Justice" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Institutions_of_Justice"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Institutions of Justice</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Institutions_of_Justice-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Institutions of Justice subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Institutions_of_Justice-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Apostolic_Penitentiary" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Apostolic_Penitentiary"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.1</span> <span>Apostolic Penitentiary</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Apostolic_Penitentiary-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Supreme_Tribunal_of_the_Apostolic_Signatura" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Supreme_Tribunal_of_the_Apostolic_Signatura"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.2</span> <span>Supreme Tribunal of the Apostolic Signatura</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Supreme_Tribunal_of_the_Apostolic_Signatura-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Tribunal_of_the_Rota_Romana" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Tribunal_of_the_Rota_Romana"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.3</span> <span>Tribunal of the Rota Romana</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Tribunal_of_the_Rota_Romana-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Economic_organizations" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Economic_organizations"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Economic organizations</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Economic_organizations-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Economic organizations subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Economic_organizations-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Council_for_the_Economy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Council_for_the_Economy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.1</span> <span>Council for the Economy</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Council_for_the_Economy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Secretariat_for_the_Economy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Secretariat_for_the_Economy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.2</span> <span>Secretariat for the Economy</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Secretariat_for_the_Economy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Directorate_for_Human_Resources_of_the_Holy_See" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Directorate_for_Human_Resources_of_the_Holy_See"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.2.1</span> <span>Directorate for Human Resources of the Holy See</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Directorate_for_Human_Resources_of_the_Holy_See-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Administration_of_the_Patrimony_of_the_Apostolic_See" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Administration_of_the_Patrimony_of_the_Apostolic_See"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.3</span> <span>Administration of the Patrimony of the Apostolic See</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Administration_of_the_Patrimony_of_the_Apostolic_See-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Office_of_the_Auditor_General" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Office_of_the_Auditor_General"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.4</span> <span>Office of the Auditor General</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Office_of_the_Auditor_General-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Commission_for_Confidential_Matters" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Commission_for_Confidential_Matters"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.5</span> <span>Commission for Confidential Matters</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Commission_for_Confidential_Matters-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Committee_for_Investments" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Committee_for_Investments"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.6</span> <span>Committee for Investments</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Committee_for_Investments-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Offices" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Offices"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Offices</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Offices-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Offices subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Offices-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Prefecture_of_the_Papal_Household" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Prefecture_of_the_Papal_Household"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.1</span> <span>Prefecture of the Papal Household</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Prefecture_of_the_Papal_Household-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Office_for_the_Liturgical_Celebrations_of_the_Supreme_Pontiff" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Office_for_the_Liturgical_Celebrations_of_the_Supreme_Pontiff"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.2</span> <span>Office for the Liturgical Celebrations of the Supreme Pontiff</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Office_for_the_Liturgical_Celebrations_of_the_Supreme_Pontiff-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Pontifical_Musical_Chorus_of_the_Sistine_Chapel" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Pontifical_Musical_Chorus_of_the_Sistine_Chapel"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.2.1</span> <span>Pontifical Musical Chorus of the Sistine Chapel</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Pontifical_Musical_Chorus_of_the_Sistine_Chapel-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Apostolic_Camera" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Apostolic_Camera"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.3</span> <span>Apostolic Camera</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Apostolic_Camera-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Institutions_connected_with_the_Holy_See" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Institutions_connected_with_the_Holy_See"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Institutions connected with the Holy See</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Institutions_connected_with_the_Holy_See-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Institutions connected with the Holy See subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Institutions_connected_with_the_Holy_See-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Labour_Office_of_the_Apostolic_See" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Labour_Office_of_the_Apostolic_See"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8.1</span> <span>Labour Office of the Apostolic See</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Labour_Office_of_the_Apostolic_See-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Vatican_Apostolic_Archives" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Vatican_Apostolic_Archives"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8.2</span> <span>Vatican Apostolic Archives</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Vatican_Apostolic_Archives-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Vatican_Apostolic_Library" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Vatican_Apostolic_Library"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8.3</span> <span>Vatican Apostolic Library</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Vatican_Apostolic_Library-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Fabric_of_Saint_Peter" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Fabric_of_Saint_Peter"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8.4</span> <span>Fabric of Saint Peter</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Fabric_of_Saint_Peter-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Pontifical_Commission_for_Sacred_Archaeology" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Pontifical_Commission_for_Sacred_Archaeology"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8.5</span> <span>Pontifical Commission for Sacred Archaeology</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Pontifical_Commission_for_Sacred_Archaeology-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Pontifical_Academies_2" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Pontifical_Academies_2"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8.6</span> <span>Pontifical Academies</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Pontifical_Academies_2-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Agency_for_the_Evaluation_and_Promotion_of_Quality_in_Ecclesiastical_Faculties" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Agency_for_the_Evaluation_and_Promotion_of_Quality_in_Ecclesiastical_Faculties"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8.7</span> <span>Agency for the Evaluation and Promotion of Quality in Ecclesiastical Faculties</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Agency_for_the_Evaluation_and_Promotion_of_Quality_in_Ecclesiastical_Faculties-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Supervisory_and_Financial_Information_Authority" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Supervisory_and_Financial_Information_Authority"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8.8</span> <span>Supervisory and Financial Information Authority</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Supervisory_and_Financial_Information_Authority-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Domus_Vaticanae" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Domus_Vaticanae"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8.9</span> <span>Domus Vaticanae</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Domus_Vaticanae-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Interdicasterial_commissions" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Interdicasterial_commissions"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>Interdicasterial commissions</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Interdicasterial_commissions-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Interdicasterial commissions subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Interdicasterial_commissions-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Interdicasterial_Commission_on_Particular_Churches" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Interdicasterial_Commission_on_Particular_Churches"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9.1</span> <span>Interdicasterial Commission on Particular Churches</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Interdicasterial_Commission_on_Particular_Churches-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Interdicasterial_Commission_for_the_Church_in_Eastern_Europe" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Interdicasterial_Commission_for_the_Church_in_Eastern_Europe"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9.2</span> <span>Interdicasterial Commission for the Church in Eastern Europe</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Interdicasterial_Commission_for_the_Church_in_Eastern_Europe-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Interdicasterial_Commission_for_Consecrated_Religious" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Interdicasterial_Commission_for_Consecrated_Religious"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9.3</span> <span>Interdicasterial Commission for Consecrated Religious</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Interdicasterial_Commission_for_Consecrated_Religious-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Interdicasterial_Commission_for_Candidates_to_Sacred_Order_2" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Interdicasterial_Commission_for_Candidates_to_Sacred_Order_2"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9.4</span> <span>Interdicasterial Commission for Candidates to Sacred Order</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Interdicasterial_Commission_for_Candidates_to_Sacred_Order_2-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Interdicasterial_Commission_for_the_Revision_of_the_General_Regulations_of_the_Roman_Curia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Interdicasterial_Commission_for_the_Revision_of_the_General_Regulations_of_the_Roman_Curia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9.5</span> <span>Interdicasterial Commission for the Revision of the General Regulations of the Roman Curia</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Interdicasterial_Commission_for_the_Revision_of_the_General_Regulations_of_the_Roman_Curia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Other_commissions_and_committees" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Other_commissions_and_committees"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>Other commissions and committees</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Other_commissions_and_committees-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Other commissions and committees subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Other_commissions_and_committees-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Pontifical_Committee_for_International_Eucharistic_Congresses" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Pontifical_Committee_for_International_Eucharistic_Congresses"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10.1</span> <span>Pontifical Committee for International Eucharistic Congresses</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Pontifical_Committee_for_International_Eucharistic_Congresses-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Pontifical_Committee_for_Historical_Sciences" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Pontifical_Committee_for_Historical_Sciences"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10.2</span> <span>Pontifical Committee for Historical Sciences</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Pontifical_Committee_for_Historical_Sciences-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Commission_for_Advocates" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Commission_for_Advocates"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10.3</span> <span>Commission for Advocates</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Commission_for_Advocates-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Pontifical_Swiss_Guards" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Pontifical_Swiss_Guards"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10.4</span> <span>Pontifical Swiss Guards</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Pontifical_Swiss_Guards-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Disciplinary_Commission_of_the_Roman_Curia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Disciplinary_Commission_of_the_Roman_Curia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10.5</span> <span>Disciplinary Commission of the Roman Curia</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Disciplinary_Commission_of_the_Roman_Curia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Financial_Security_Committee" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Financial_Security_Committee"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10.6</span> <span>Financial Security Committee</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Financial_Security_Committee-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Commission_of_Cardinals_overseeing_the_Institute_for_Works_of_Religion" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Commission_of_Cardinals_overseeing_the_Institute_for_Works_of_Religion"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10.7</span> <span>Commission of Cardinals overseeing the Institute for Works of Religion</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Commission_of_Cardinals_overseeing_the_Institute_for_Works_of_Religion-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Pontifical_Commission_for_the_Activities_of_Public_Juridical_Persons_of_the_Church_in_the_Healthcare_Sector" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Pontifical_Commission_for_the_Activities_of_Public_Juridical_Persons_of_the_Church_in_the_Healthcare_Sector"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10.8</span> <span>Pontifical Commission for the Activities of Public Juridical Persons of the Church in the Healthcare Sector</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Pontifical_Commission_for_the_Activities_of_Public_Juridical_Persons_of_the_Church_in_the_Healthcare_Sector-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Pontifical_Commission_for_the_Verification_and_Application_of_Mitis_Iudex_in_the_Churches_of_Italy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Pontifical_Commission_for_the_Verification_and_Application_of_Mitis_Iudex_in_the_Churches_of_Italy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10.9</span> <span>Pontifical Commission for the Verification and Application of <i>Mitis Iudex</i> in the Churches of Italy</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Pontifical_Commission_for_the_Verification_and_Application_of_Mitis_Iudex_in_the_Churches_of_Italy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Holy_See_Agency_for_the_Evaluation_and_Promotion_of_the_Quality_of_Ecclesiastical_Universities_and_Faculties_(AVEPRO)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Holy_See_Agency_for_the_Evaluation_and_Promotion_of_the_Quality_of_Ecclesiastical_Universities_and_Faculties_(AVEPRO)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10.10</span> <span>Holy See Agency for the Evaluation and Promotion of the Quality of Ecclesiastical Universities and Faculties (AVEPRO)</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Holy_See_Agency_for_the_Evaluation_and_Promotion_of_the_Quality_of_Ecclesiastical_Universities_and_Faculties_(AVEPRO)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Order_of_the_Holy_Sepulchre" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Order_of_the_Holy_Sepulchre"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10.11</span> <span>Order of the Holy Sepulchre</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Order_of_the_Holy_Sepulchre-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Fondazione_Centesimus_Annus_pro_pontifice" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Fondazione_Centesimus_Annus_pro_pontifice"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10.12</span> <span>Fondazione Centesimus Annus pro pontifice</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Fondazione_Centesimus_Annus_pro_pontifice-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">12</span> <span>Notes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">13</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Further_reading" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Further_reading"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">14</span> <span>Further reading</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Further_reading-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">15</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Table of Contents" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" 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Available in 52 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-52" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">52 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/R%C3%B6mische_Kurie" title="Römische Kurie – Alemannic" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Römische Kurie" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="Alemannic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%83%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%A7_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%8A%D8%A9" title="الكوريا الرومانية – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="الكوريا الرومانية" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Curia_romana" title="Curia romana – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Curia romana" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%C3%B4-m%C3%A1_K%C3%A0u-h%C3%B4ng-thia%E2%81%BF" title="Lô-má Kàu-hông-thiaⁿ – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Lô-má Kàu-hông-thiaⁿ" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D1%8B%D0%BC%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%9A%D1%83%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%8F" title="Рымская Курыя – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Рымская Курыя" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D1%8B%D0%BC%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%BA%D1%83%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%8F" title="Рымская курыя – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Рымская курыя" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B8%D0%BC%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%BA%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Римска курия – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Римска курия" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/C%C3%BAria_Pontif%C3%ADcia" title="Cúria Pontifícia – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Cúria Pontifícia" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%98%C3%ADmsk%C3%A1_kurie" title="Římská kurie – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Římská kurie" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Llys_y_Pab" title="Llys y Pab – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Llys y Pab" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Den_romerske_kurie" title="Den romerske kurie – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Den romerske kurie" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/R%C3%B6mische_Kurie" title="Römische Kurie – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Römische Kurie" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rooma_kuuria" title="Rooma kuuria – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Rooma kuuria" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Curia_romana" title="Curia romana – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Curia romana" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roma_kurio" title="Roma kurio – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Roma kurio" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Erromako_kuria" title="Erromako kuria – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Erromako kuria" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%D9%88%D8%B1%DB%8C%D8%A7%DB%8C_%D8%B1%D9%85" title="کوریای رم – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="کوریای رم" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Curie_romaine" title="Curie romaine – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Curie romaine" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EA%B5%90%ED%99%A9%EC%B2%AD" title="교황청 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="교황청" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rimska_kurija" title="Rimska kurija – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Rimska kurija" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kurio" title="Kurio – Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Kurio" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kuria_Roma" title="Kuria Roma – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Kuria Roma" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Curia_romana" title="Curia romana – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Curia romana" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%94%D7%A7%D7%95%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%94_%D7%94%D7%A8%D7%95%D7%9E%D7%90%D7%99%D7%AA" title="הקוריה הרומאית – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="הקוריה הרומאית" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%A0%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9B%E1%83%98%E1%83%A1_%E1%83%99%E1%83%A3%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98%E1%83%90" title="რომის კურია – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="რომის კურია" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Curia_Romana" title="Curia Romana – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Curia Romana" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Romos_kurija" title="Romos kurija – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Romos kurija" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/R%C3%B3mai_K%C3%BAria" title="Római Kúria – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Római Kúria" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%B5%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A4%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%BE%E0%B5%BB_%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%B0%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%AF%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%B2%E0%B4%AF%E0%B4%82" title="വത്തിക്കാൻ കാര്യാലയം – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="വത്തിക്കാൻ കാര്യാലയം" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%83%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%A7_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%8A%D8%A9" title="الكوريا الرومانية – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="الكوريا الرومانية" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kuria_Rom" title="Kuria Rom – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Kuria Rom" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Romeinse_Curie" title="Romeinse Curie – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Romeinse Curie" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%AD%E3%83%BC%E3%83%9E%E6%95%99%E7%9A%87%E5%BA%81" title="ローマ教皇庁 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ローマ教皇庁" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Den_romerske_kurie" title="Den romerske kurie – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Den romerske kurie" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kurie" title="Kurie – Low German" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Kurie" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="Low German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kuria_Rzymska" title="Kuria Rzymska – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Kuria Rzymska" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Curia_Roman%C4%83" title="Curia Romană – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Curia Romană" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B8%D0%BC%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%BA%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Римская курия – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Римская 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hreflang="sl" data-title="Rimska kurija" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B8%D0%BC%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%BA%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0" title="Римска курија – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Римска курија" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rimska_kurija" title="Rimska kurija – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Rimska kurija" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link 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class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Administrative institutions of the Holy See</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">This article is about the Roman Curia of the Holy See. For a governing body of a particular church, see <a href="/wiki/Curia_(Catholic_Church)" title="Curia (Catholic Church)">Curia (Catholic Church)</a>. For the building that housed the Roman Senate, see <a href="/wiki/Curia_Julia" title="Curia Julia">Curia Julia</a>. 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.sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-list-title,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-list-title,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sidebar{display:none!important}}</style><table class="sidebar sidebar-collapse nomobile vCard"><tbody><tr><td class="sidebar-pretitle">Part of <a href="/wiki/Category:Roman_Curia" title="Category:Roman Curia">a series</a> on the</td></tr><tr><th class="sidebar-title-with-pretitle"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Roman Curia</a> <br /><small>of the</small> <br /><a href="/wiki/Holy_See" title="Holy See">Holy See</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Emblem_of_the_Holy_See_usual.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Emblem_of_the_Holy_See_usual.svg/120px-Emblem_of_the_Holy_See_usual.svg.png" decoding="async" width="75" height="102" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Emblem_of_the_Holy_See_usual.svg/250px-Emblem_of_the_Holy_See_usual.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="673" data-file-height="918" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Secretariat_of_State_(Holy_See)" title="Secretariat of State (Holy See)">Secretariat of State</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="text-align:left;display:none; ----"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Section_for_Relations_with_States" title="Section for Relations with States">Section for Relations with States</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)">Dicasteries</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="text-align:left;display:none; ----"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dicastery_for_Evangelization" title="Dicastery for Evangelization">Evangelization</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dicastery_for_the_Doctrine_of_the_Faith" title="Dicastery for the Doctrine of the Faith">Doctrine of the Faith</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pontifical_Commission_for_the_Protection_of_Minors" title="Pontifical Commission for the Protection of Minors">Pontifical Commission for the Protection of Minors</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Theological_Commission" title="International Theological Commission">International Theological Commission</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pontifical_Biblical_Commission" title="Pontifical Biblical Commission">Pontifical Biblical Commission</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dicastery_for_the_Service_of_Charity" title="Dicastery for the Service of Charity">Service of Charity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dicastery_for_the_Eastern_Churches" title="Dicastery for the Eastern Churches">Eastern Churches</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dicastery_for_Divine_Worship_and_the_Discipline_of_the_Sacraments" title="Dicastery for Divine Worship and the Discipline of the Sacraments">Divine Worship and Discipline of the Sacraments</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dicastery_for_the_Causes_of_Saints" title="Dicastery for the Causes of Saints">Causes of Saints</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dicastery_for_Bishops" title="Dicastery for Bishops">Bishops</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pontifical_Commission_for_Latin_America" title="Pontifical Commission for Latin America">Pontifical Commission for Latin America</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dicastery_for_the_Clergy" title="Dicastery for the Clergy">Clergy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dicastery_for_Institutes_of_Consecrated_Life_and_Societies_of_Apostolic_Life" title="Dicastery for Institutes of Consecrated Life and Societies of Apostolic Life">Institutes of Consecrated Life and Societies of Apostolic Life</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dicastery_for_the_Laity,_Family_and_Life" title="Dicastery for the Laity, Family and Life">Laity, Family and Life</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dicastery_for_Promoting_Christian_Unity" title="Dicastery for Promoting Christian Unity">Promoting Christian Unity</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Commission_for_Religious_Relations_with_the_Jews" title="Commission for Religious Relations with the Jews">Commission for Religious Relations with the Jews</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dicastery_for_Interreligious_Dialogue" title="Dicastery for Interreligious Dialogue">Interreligious Dialogue</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Commission_for_Religious_Relations_with_Muslims" title="Commission for Religious Relations with Muslims">Commission for Religious Relations with Muslims</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dicastery_for_Culture_and_Education" title="Dicastery for Culture and Education">Culture and Education</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dicastery_for_Promoting_Integral_Human_Development" title="Dicastery for Promoting Integral Human Development">Promoting Integral Human Development</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dicastery_for_Legislative_Texts" title="Dicastery for Legislative Texts">Legislative Texts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dicastery_for_Communication" title="Dicastery for Communication">Communication</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Vatican_Press" class="mw-redirect" title="Vatican Press">Vatican Press</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/L%27Osservatore_Romano" title="L'Osservatore Romano">L'Osservatore Romano</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Press_Office_of_the_Holy_See" class="mw-redirect" title="Press Office of the Holy See">Press Office of the Holy See</a></li></ul></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)">Institutions of justice</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="text-align:left;display:none; ----"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Apostolic_Penitentiary" title="Apostolic Penitentiary">Apostolic Penitentiary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apostolic_Signatura" title="Apostolic Signatura">Apostolic Signatura</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roman_Rota" title="Roman Rota">Roman Rota</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)">Institutions of finance</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="text-align:left;display:none; ----"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Council_for_the_Economy" class="mw-redirect" title="Council for the Economy">Council for the Economy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Secretariat_for_the_Economy" title="Secretariat for the Economy">Secretariat for the Economy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Administration_of_the_Patrimony_of_the_Apostolic_See" title="Administration of the Patrimony of the Apostolic See">Administration of the Patrimony of the Apostolic See</a></li> <li>Office of the Auditor General</li> <li>Commission for Confidential Matters</li> <li>Committee for Investments</li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)">Offices</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="text-align:left;display:none; ----"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Prefecture_of_the_Papal_Household" title="Prefecture of the Papal Household">Prefecture of the Papal Household</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Office_for_the_Liturgical_Celebrations_of_the_Supreme_Pontiff" title="Office for the Liturgical Celebrations of the Supreme Pontiff">Office for the Liturgical Celebrations of the Supreme Pontiff</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Camerlengo_of_the_Holy_Roman_Church" title="Camerlengo of the Holy Roman Church">Camerlengo of the Holy Roman Church</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)">Institutes</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="text-align:left;display:none; ----"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Labour_Office_of_the_Apostolic_See" title="Labour Office of the Apostolic See">Labour Office of the Apostolic See</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vatican_Apostolic_Archives" class="mw-redirect" title="Vatican Apostolic Archives">Vatican Apostolic Archives</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vatican_Apostolic_Library" class="mw-redirect" title="Vatican Apostolic Library">Vatican Apostolic Library</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fabric_of_Saint_Peter" title="Fabric of Saint Peter">Fabric of Saint Peter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pontifical_Commission_for_Sacred_Archaeology" title="Pontifical Commission for Sacred Archaeology">Pontifical Commission for Sacred Archaeology</a></li> <li>Pontifical academies</li> <li>AVEPRO</li> <li>Supervisory and Financial Information Authority</li> <li>Domus Vaticanae</li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)">Interdicasterial commissions</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="text-align:left;display:none; ----"> <ul><li>Particular Churches</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Interdicasterial_Commission_for_Church_in_Eastern_Europe&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Interdicasterial Commission for Church in Eastern Europe (page does not exist)">Church in Eastern Europe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Interdicasterial_Commission_for_Consecrated_Religious" title="Interdicasterial Commission for Consecrated Religious">Consecrated Religious</a></li> <li>Candidates to Sacred Order</li> <li>Revision of the General Regulations of the Roman Curia</li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)">Commissions and committees</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="text-align:left;display:none; ----"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pontifical_Committee_for_International_Eucharistic_Congresses" title="Pontifical Committee for International Eucharistic Congresses">International Eucharistic Congresses</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pontifical_Committee_for_Historical_Sciences" title="Pontifical Committee for Historical Sciences">Historical Sciences</a></li> <li>Advocates</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pontifical_Swiss_Guard" class="mw-redirect" title="Pontifical Swiss Guard">Swiss Guards</a></li> <li>Disciplinary</li> <li>Financial Security</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Institute_for_Works_of_Religion" class="mw-redirect" title="Institute for Works of Religion">Institute for Works of Religion</a></li> <li>Healthcare Sector</li> <li>Verification and Application of Mitis Iudex in the Churches of Italy</li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Roman_Curia" title="History of the Roman Curia">History</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="text-align:left;display:none; ----;border-bottom:1px solid #aaa;"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Immensa_Aeterni_Dei" class="mw-redirect" title="Immensa Aeterni Dei">Immensa Aeterni Dei</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sapienti_Consilio" class="mw-redirect" title="Sapienti Consilio">Reform by Pius X</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pope_Paul_VI%27s_reform_of_the_Roman_Curia" title="Pope Paul VI's reform of the Roman Curia">Reform by Paul VI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pastor_bonus" title="Pastor bonus">Reform by John Paul II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Praedicate_evangelium" title="Praedicate evangelium">Reform by Francis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roman_Inquisition" title="Roman Inquisition">Roman Inquisition</a></li></ul> <p><br /> Former <a href="/wiki/Dicastery" title="Dicastery">dicasteries</a> </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Congregation_of_Bishops_and_Regulars" title="Congregation of Bishops and Regulars">Congregation of Bishops and Regulars</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Congregation_for_Borders" title="Congregation for Borders">Congregation for Borders</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Congregation_of_Ceremonies" title="Congregation of Ceremonies">Congregation of Ceremonies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Index_Librorum_Prohibitorum#Sacred_Congregation_of_the_Index" title="Index Librorum Prohibitorum">Sacred Congregation of the Index</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Congregation_for_Indulgences_and_Sacred_Relics" title="Congregation for Indulgences and Sacred Relics">Congregation for Indulgences and Sacred Relics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Congregation_of_the_Vatican_Press" title="Congregation of the Vatican Press">Congregation of the Vatican Press</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sacra_Consulta" title="Sacra Consulta">Sacred Congregation of the <i>Consulta</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sacred_Congregation_of_Rites" title="Sacred Congregation of Rites">Sacred Congregation of Rites</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apostolic_Chancery" title="Apostolic Chancery">Apostolic Chancery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apostolic_Dataria" title="Apostolic Dataria">Apostolic Dataria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Secretariate_of_Briefs_to_Princes_and_of_Latin_Letters" title="Secretariate of Briefs to Princes and of Latin Letters">Secretariate of Briefs to Princes and of Latin Letters</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Special_Administration_of_the_Holy_See" title="Special Administration of the Holy See">Special Administration of the Holy See</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pontifical_Commission_for_the_Cultural_Heritage_of_the_Church" title="Pontifical Commission for the Cultural Heritage of the Church">Pontifical Commission for the Cultural Heritage of the Church</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pontifical_Commission_Ecclesia_Dei" title="Pontifical Commission Ecclesia Dei">Pontifical Commission Ecclesia Dei</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pontifical_Council_for_Social_Communications" title="Pontifical Council for Social Communications">Pontifical Council for Social Communications</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pontifical_Council_for_the_Family" title="Pontifical Council for the Family">Pontifical Council for the Family</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pontifical_Council_for_the_Laity" title="Pontifical Council for the Laity">Pontifical Council for the Laity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pontifical_Council_Cor_Unum" title="Pontifical Council Cor Unum"><i>Cor Unum</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pontifical_Council_for_Justice_and_Peace" title="Pontifical Council for Justice and Peace">Justice and Peace</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pontifical_Council_for_the_Pastoral_Care_of_Migrants_and_Itinerant_People" title="Pontifical Council for the Pastoral Care of Migrants and Itinerant People">Pastoral Care of Migrants and Itinerant People</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pontifical_Council_for_the_Pastoral_Care_of_Health_Care_Workers" title="Pontifical Council for the Pastoral Care of Health Care Workers">Pastoral Assistance to Health Care Workers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Congregation_for_the_Evangelization_of_Peoples" title="Congregation for the Evangelization of Peoples">Evangelization of Peoples</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pontifical_Council_for_Promoting_the_New_Evangelization" title="Pontifical Council for Promoting the New Evangelization">Promoting the New Evangelization</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Congregation_for_Catholic_Education" title="Congregation for Catholic Education">Catholic Education</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pontifical_Council_for_Culture" title="Pontifical Council for Culture">Culture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apostolic_Camera" title="Apostolic Camera">Apostolic Camera</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)">Related topics</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="text-align:left;display:none; ----;border-bottom:1px solid #aaa;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pontifical_commission" title="Pontifical commission">Pontifical commission</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dicastery" title="Dicastery">Dicastery</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Acta_Apostolicae_Sedis" title="Acta Apostolicae Sedis">Acta Apostolicae Sedis</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Advocates_of_Roman_congregations" title="Advocates of Roman congregations">Advocates of Roman congregations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Archive_of_the_Congregation_for_the_Doctrine_of_the_Faith" class="mw-redirect" title="Archive of the Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith">Archive of the Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-below"> <span class="nowrap"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:046CupolaSPietro.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/046CupolaSPietro.jpg/20px-046CupolaSPietro.jpg" decoding="async" width="17" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/046CupolaSPietro.jpg/40px-046CupolaSPietro.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Catholicism" class="mw-redirect" title="Portal:Catholicism">Catholicism portal</a></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-navbar"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Roman_Curia_sidebar" title="Template:Roman Curia sidebar"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Roman_Curia_sidebar" title="Template talk:Roman Curia sidebar"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Roman_Curia_sidebar" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Roman Curia sidebar"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The <b>Roman Curia</b> (<a href="/wiki/Latin_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Latin language">Latin</a>: <i lang="la">Curia Romana</i>) comprises the administrative institutions of the <a href="/wiki/Holy_See" title="Holy See">Holy See</a><sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>note 1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and the central body through which the affairs of the <a href="/wiki/Catholic_Church" title="Catholic Church">Catholic Church</a> are conducted. The Roman Curia is the institution which the <a href="/wiki/Roman_Pontiff" class="mw-redirect" title="Roman Pontiff">Roman Pontiff</a> ordinarily makes use of in the exercise of his supreme pastoral office and universal mission in the world: thus <b>curialism</b> refers traditionally to an emphasis on the supreme authority of the Holy See within the Catholic Church.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It is at the service of the Pope and <a href="/wiki/Bishops_in_the_Catholic_Church" title="Bishops in the Catholic Church">bishops</a>, fulfilling their function with an <a href="/wiki/Gospel" title="Gospel">evangelical</a> spirit, working for the good and at the service of <a href="/wiki/Communion_of_saints" title="Communion of saints">communion</a>, unity and edification of the Universal Church and attending to the demands of the world in which the Church is called to fulfill its duty and mission (<i><a href="/wiki/Praedicate_evangelium" title="Praedicate evangelium">Praedicate evangelium</a></i>, article 1).<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The structure and organization of responsibilities within the Curia are at present regulated by the <a href="/wiki/Apostolic_constitution" title="Apostolic constitution">apostolic constitution</a>, <span title="Latin-language text"><i lang="la"><a href="/wiki/Praedicate_evangelium" title="Praedicate evangelium">Praedicate evangelium</a></i></span> issued by Pope Francis on 19 March 2022, which <a href="/wiki/Entered_into_force" class="mw-redirect" title="Entered into force">entered into force</a> on 5 June 2022. It was previously regulated by <span title="Latin-language text"><i lang="la"><a href="/wiki/Pastor_bonus" title="Pastor bonus">Pastor bonus</a></i></span> issued by <a href="/wiki/Pope_John_Paul_II" title="Pope John Paul II">Pope John Paul II</a> on 28 June 1988.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> With the coming into force of <span title="Latin-language text"><i lang="la">Praedicate evangelium</i></span>, <span title="Latin-language text"><i lang="la">Pastor bonus</i></span> was fully abrogated and replaced. </p><p>Other bodies that play an administrative or consulting role in ecclesial affairs are sometimes mistakenly identified with the Curia, such as the <a href="/wiki/Synod_of_Bishops_(Catholic)" class="mw-redirect" title="Synod of Bishops (Catholic)">Synod of Bishops</a> and regional conferences of bishops. Cardinal <a href="/wiki/Gerhard_Ludwig_M%C3%BCller" title="Gerhard Ludwig Müller">Gerhard Müller</a>, <a href="/wiki/Prefect" title="Prefect">prefect</a> <a href="/wiki/Emeritus" title="Emeritus">emeritus</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Congregation_for_the_Doctrine_of_the_Faith" class="mw-redirect" title="Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith">Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith</a>, wrote in 2015 that "the Synod of Bishops is not a part of the Roman Curia in the strict sense: it is the expression of the collegiality of bishops in communion with the Pope and under his direction. The Roman Curia instead aids the Pope in the exercise of <a href="/wiki/Papal_supremacy" title="Papal supremacy">his primacy over all the churches</a>."<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Historical_background">Historical background</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Roman_Curia&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Historical background"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1251242444">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .ambox.mbox-small-left{margin:4px 1em 4px 0;overflow:hidden;width:238px;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{border-left:10px solid #b32424;background-color:#fee7e6}.mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left:10px solid #b32424}.mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left:10px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left:10px solid #fc3}.mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left:10px solid #9932cc}.mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left:10px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.5em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 0.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.5em 2px 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image-div{width:52px}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ambox{margin:0 10%}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .ambox{display:none!important}}</style><table class="box-More_citations_needed plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Refimprove" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Question_book-new.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/50px-Question_book-new.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="39" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/75px-Question_book-new.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/100px-Question_book-new.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="399" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This section <b>needs additional citations for <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">verification</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help <a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Roman_Curia" title="Special:EditPage/Roman Curia">improve this article</a> by <a href="/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners" title="Help:Referencing for beginners">adding citations to reliable sources</a> in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.<br /><small><span class="plainlinks"><i>Find sources:</i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?as_eq=wikipedia&q=%22Roman+Curia%22">"Roman Curia"</a> – <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbm=nws&q=%22Roman+Curia%22+-wikipedia&tbs=ar:1">news</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?&q=%22Roman+Curia%22&tbs=bkt:s&tbm=bks">newspapers</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbs=bks:1&q=%22Roman+Curia%22+-wikipedia">books</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=%22Roman+Curia%22">scholar</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/action/doBasicSearch?Query=%22Roman+Curia%22&acc=on&wc=on">JSTOR</a></span></small></span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">July 2022</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Roman_Curia" title="History of the Roman Curia">History of the Roman Curia</a></div> <p>The Curia was created by <a href="/wiki/Pope_Urban_II" title="Pope Urban II">Pope Urban II</a> (r. 1088–1099).<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><i><a href="/wiki/Curia" title="Curia">Curia</a></i> in medieval and later Latin usage means "<a href="/wiki/Noble_court" class="mw-redirect" title="Noble court">court</a>" in the sense of "royal court" rather than "court of law". The Roman Curia is sometimes anglicized as the <b>Court of Rome</b>, as in the <a href="/wiki/Act_of_Supremacy_1534" class="mw-redirect" title="Act of Supremacy 1534">1534 Act of Parliament</a> that forbade appeals to it from England.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It is the papal court and assists the Pope in carrying out his functions. The Roman Curia can be loosely compared to <a href="/wiki/Cabinet_(government)" title="Cabinet (government)">cabinets</a> in governments of countries with a Western form of governance, but the only sections that can be directly compared with specific ministries of a civil government are the Second Section of the <a href="/wiki/Secretariat_of_State_(Holy_See)" title="Secretariat of State (Holy See)">Secretariat of State</a>, known also as the Section for Relations with States, the <a href="/wiki/Pontifical_Commission_for_Vatican_City_State" title="Pontifical Commission for Vatican City State">Pontifical Commission for Vatican City State</a> (established in 1939 by <a href="/wiki/Pius_XII" class="mw-redirect" title="Pius XII">Pius XII</a>), and the <a href="/wiki/Congregation_for_Catholic_Education" title="Congregation for Catholic Education">Congregation for Catholic Education</a>. </p><p>It is normal for every Latin Catholic <a href="/wiki/Diocese" title="Diocese">diocese</a> to have its own <i>curia</i> for its administration. For the <a href="/wiki/Diocese_of_Rome" title="Diocese of Rome">Diocese of Rome</a>, these functions are <i>not</i> handled by the Roman Curia, but by the <a href="/wiki/Cardinal_Vicar" title="Cardinal Vicar">Vicariate General of His Holiness for the City of Rome</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> as provided by the apostolic constitution <i>Ecclesia in Urbe</i>. The pope has, going back to <a href="/wiki/Saint_Peter" title="Saint Peter">St. Peter</a>, been the bishop of Rome. There is also the <a href="/wiki/Vicar_General_of_Rome" class="mw-redirect" title="Vicar General of Rome">Vicar General of Rome</a>, traditionally a cardinal, and his deputy the vicegerent, who holds the personal title of archbishop, supervise the governance of the diocese by reference to the Pope himself, but with no more dependence on the Roman Curia, as such, than other Catholic dioceses throughout the world. A distinct office, the <a href="/wiki/Vicar_General_for_Vatican_City" class="mw-redirect" title="Vicar General for Vatican City">Vicar General for Vatican City</a>, administers the portion of the Diocese of Rome in <a href="/wiki/Vatican_City" title="Vatican City">Vatican City</a>. </p><p>Until recently, there still existed <a href="/wiki/Hereditary_officers_of_the_Roman_Curia" title="Hereditary officers of the Roman Curia">hereditary officers of the Roman Curia</a>, holding titles denominating functions that had ceased to be a reality when the <a href="/wiki/Papal_States" title="Papal States">Papal States</a> were lost to the papacy. A reorganization, ordered by <a href="/wiki/Pope_Pius_X" title="Pope Pius X">Pope Pius X</a>, was incorporated into the <a href="/wiki/1917_Code_of_Canon_Law" title="1917 Code of Canon Law">1917 Code of Canon Law</a>. Further steps toward reorganization were begun by <a href="/wiki/Pope_Paul_VI" title="Pope Paul VI">Pope Paul VI</a> in the 1960s. Among the goals of this curial reform were the modernization of procedures and the internationalization of the curial staff. These reforms are reflected in the <a href="/wiki/1983_Code_of_Canon_Law" title="1983 Code of Canon Law">1983 Code of Canon Law</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The offices of the Vatican City State are not part of the Roman Curia, which is composed only of offices of the <a href="/wiki/Holy_See" title="Holy See">Holy See</a>. As of 2020<sup class="plainlinks noexcerpt noprint asof-tag update" style="display:none;"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Roman_Curia&action=edit">[update]</a></sup>, the Curia comprises the offices listed in the sections below. All members of the Curia except the <a href="/wiki/Camerlengo_of_the_Holy_Roman_Church" title="Camerlengo of the Holy Roman Church">Cardinal Camerlengo</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Apostolic_Penitentiary" title="Apostolic Penitentiary">Major Penitentiary</a> resign their office immediately after a papal death or resignation. See <i><a href="/wiki/Sede_vacante" title="Sede vacante">sede vacante</a></i>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Structure">Structure</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Roman_Curia&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Structure"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Roman Curia is composed of the Secretariat of State, the dicasteries and the Bodies, all of which are juridically equal. By the term "Curial Institutions" is meant the units of the Roman Curia. The Offices of the Roman Curia are the Prefecture of the Papal Household, the Office for the Liturgical Celebrations of the Supreme Pontiff and the Camerlengo of Holy Roman Church (<i><a href="/wiki/Praedicate_evangelium" title="Praedicate evangelium">Praedicate evangelium</a></i>, Article 12). </p><p>In general, each Curial Institution is composed of a prefect or equivalent, a suitable number of Members, one or more Secretaries who assist the prefect, together with, but in a subordinate line, one or more Under-secretaries, who are flanked by various Officials and Consultors (<i>Praedicate evangelium</i>, Article 13 § 1). </p><p>The Members of the Curial Institutions are appointed from among the Cardinals residing both in and outside Rome, to whom are added, in as much as they are particularly expert in the matters in question, some bishops, especially diocesan/eparchial ones, as well as, according to the nature of the dicastery, some priests and deacons, some members of Institutes of Consecrated Life and Societies of Apostolic Life and some lay faithful (<i>Praedicate evangelium</i>, Article 15). </p><p>The prefect, or his equivalent, the members, the secretary, the undersecretary and the other major officials assigned to heads of office, equivalents and experts, as well as the consultors, are appointed by the Roman Pontiff for a five-year term. As a rule, after five years, clerical officials and members of Institutes of Consecrated Life and Societies of Apostolic Life who have served in curial institutions and offices return to pastoral care in their diocese/parish or in the institutes or societies to which they belong. Should the superiors of the Roman Curia deem it opportune, the service may be extended for another period of five years (<i>Praedicate evangelium</i>, Article 17). </p><p>Despite this general structure, some Curial Institutions have a different structure either due to a special law made for the Curial Institution or because of the nature of the Curial Institution (<i>Praedicate evangelium</i>, Article 13 § 2). Some examples of Curial Institutions with a special structure are the <a href="/wiki/Apostolic_Penitentiary" title="Apostolic Penitentiary">Apostolic Penitentiary</a> (<i>Praedicate evangelium</i>, Article 190) and the Tribunal of the <a href="/wiki/Roman_Rota" title="Roman Rota">Roman Rota</a> (<i>Praedicate evangelium</i>, Article 201). </p><p>In the event of the Apostolic See becoming vacant, all the heads of Curial Institutions and Members cease to hold office. Exceptions to this rule are the Major Penitentiary, who continues to carry out the ordinary business within his competence, proposing to the College of Cardinals those matters which he would report to the Roman Pontiff, and the Almoner of His Holiness, who continues in the exercise of works of charity according to the same criteria used during the pontificate, remaining in the employ of the College of Cardinals until the election of the new Roman Pontiff. During the vacancy of the See, the Secretaries are responsible for the ordinary government of curial institutions, taking care only of matters of ordinary administration. Within three months of the election of the Roman Pontiff they are to be confirmed in their office by him. The Master of Papal Liturgical Celebrations assumes the duties provided for in the norms concerning the vacancy of the Apostolic See and the election of the Roman Pontiff (<i>Praedicate evangelium</i>, Article 18). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Secretariat">Secretariat</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Roman_Curia&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Secretariat"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Secretariat_of_State">Secretariat of State</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Roman_Curia&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Secretariat of State"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Secretariat_of_State_(Holy_See)" title="Secretariat of State (Holy See)">Secretariat of State (Holy See)</a></div> <p>The Secretariat of State is the oldest <a href="/wiki/Dicastery" title="Dicastery">dicastery</a> in the Roman Curia, the government of the Catholic Church. As the Papal Secretariat, it closely assists the Roman Pontiff in the exercise of his supreme mission. It comprises three sections: the Section for General Affairs, under the direction of the Substitute, with the assistance of the Assessor; the Section for Relations with States and International Organizations, under the direction of its secretary, with the assistance of the undersecretary and an undersecretary for the multilateral sector; the Section for the Diplomatic Staff of the Holy See, under the direction of the secretary for papal representations, with the assistance of an undersecretary. The current secretary of the state is <a href="/wiki/Pietro_Parolin" title="Pietro Parolin">Pietro Cardinal Parolin</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Section_for_General_Affairs">Section for General Affairs</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Roman_Curia&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Section for General Affairs"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Section for General Affairs is responsible for dealing with the following matters concerning the daily service of the Roman Pontiff: to examine those matters which is necessary to deal with matters outside the ordinary competence of the Curial Institutions and other bodies of the Apostolic See, and to foster coordination among these dicasteries and other bodies and offices without prejudice to their autonomy. It is responsible to carry out everything that concerns the Representatives of States at the Holy See. The current Substitute for General Affairs is <a href="/wiki/Edgar_Pe%C3%B1a_Parra" title="Edgar Peña Parra">Archbishop Edgar Peña Parra</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Section_for_Relations_with_States_and_International_Organizations">Section for Relations with States and International Organizations</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Roman_Curia&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Section for Relations with States and International Organizations"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The task of the Section for Relations with States and International Organizations is to attend to the affairs that must be dealt with the respective civil authorities. It is responsible for the following: to handle the diplomatic and political relations of the Holy See with States and with other subjects of international law and to deal with common affairs for the promotion of the good of the Church and of civil society, also through the stipulation of concordats and other international agreements, taking into account the opinion of the Episcopal bodies concerned; to represent the Holy See at international intergovernmental organizations, as well as at multilateral intergovernmental conferences, availing himself, if necessary, of the collaboration of the competent dicasteries and bodies of the Roman Curia; and to grant the <i>nulla osta</i> whenever a dicastery or Body of the Roman Curia intends to publish a statement or document pertaining to international relations or relations with civil authorities. The current secretary for relations with states is <a href="/wiki/Paul_Gallagher_(bishop)" title="Paul Gallagher (bishop)">Archbishop Paul Richard Gallagher</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Section_for_Diplomatic_Staff_of_the_Holy_See">Section for Diplomatic Staff of the Holy See</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Roman_Curia&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Section for Diplomatic Staff of the Holy See"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Section for the Diplomatic Staff of the Holy See deals with matters pertaining to persons serving in the diplomatic service of the Holy See, in particular their living and working conditions and their ongoing formation. In carrying out his duties, the secretary visits the offices of the Pontifical Representations, convokes and presides over meetings concerning their provisions. This Section collaborates with the president of the Pontifical Ecclesiastical Academy with regard to the selection and training of candidates for the diplomatic service of the Holy See and maintains contact with retired diplomatic personnel. The current secretary for pontifical representations is <a href="/wiki/Jan_Romeo_Paw%C5%82owski" title="Jan Romeo Pawłowski">Archbishop Jan Romeo Pawłowski</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading5"><h5 id="Central_Statistics_Office_of_the_Church">Central Statistics Office of the Church</h5><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Roman_Curia&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Central Statistics Office of the Church"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Central Statistics Office, which operates under the Vatican Secretariat of State, conducts a variety of studies for the Roman Curia throughout the year. But one of the office's biggest projects is compiling the annual, 500-page Statistical Yearbook of the Church. The yearbook tracks the Catholic population, both by a head count of the baptized in each country and as a percentage of the world's population. The current Person-in-charge is Monsignor Tomislav Ɖukez. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Dicasteries">Dicasteries</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Roman_Curia&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Dicasteries"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Under the new constitution, all the Vatican's main departments are now known as "dicasteries". Along with removing the title "congregation" from Vatican departments, the new constitution renames pontifical councils as "dicasteries". The constitution says: "The Roman Curia is composed of the Secretariat of State, the dicasteries and other bodies, all juridically equal to each other". The Curial Institutions is now made up of 16 dicasteries. Each dicastery is headed by a prefect, and supported by secretary and under-secretary. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Dicastery_for_Evangelization">Dicastery for Evangelization</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Roman_Curia&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Dicastery for Evangelization"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Dicastery_for_Evangelization" title="Dicastery for Evangelization">Dicastery for Evangelization</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:VasiPropagandaFide.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/VasiPropagandaFide.jpg/220px-VasiPropagandaFide.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="123" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/VasiPropagandaFide.jpg/330px-VasiPropagandaFide.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/VasiPropagandaFide.jpg/440px-VasiPropagandaFide.jpg 2x" data-file-width="700" data-file-height="391" /></a><figcaption>The headquarters of the <i>Propaganda fide</i> in Rome with north facade on Piazza di Spagna by architect <a href="/wiki/Gian_Lorenzo_Bernini" title="Gian Lorenzo Bernini">Bernini</a>; seen here is the southwest facade by <a href="/wiki/Francesco_Borromini" title="Francesco Borromini">Borromini</a>: etching by <a href="/wiki/Giuseppe_Vasi" title="Giuseppe Vasi">Giuseppe Vasi</a>, 1761<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></figcaption></figure> <p>The Dicastery for Evangelization is competent for the fundamental questions of evangelization in the world and for the establishment, accompaniment and support of the new particular Churches, without prejudice to the competence of the Dicastery for the Eastern Churches. </p><p>This new dicastery is a merger of the <a href="/wiki/Congregation_for_the_Evangelization_of_Peoples" title="Congregation for the Evangelization of Peoples">Congregation for the Evangelization of Peoples</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Pontifical_Council_for_Promoting_the_New_Evangelization" title="Pontifical Council for Promoting the New Evangelization">Pontifical Council for Promoting the New Evangelization</a>. It is made up of two Sections: one for fundamental questions of evangelization in the world and one for first evangelization and the new particular Churches in the territories within its competence. It is presided over directly by the Roman Pontiff, currently <a href="/wiki/Pope_Francis" title="Pope Francis">Pope Francis</a>. Each of the two sections is governed in his name and by his authority by a pro-prefect. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Section_for_Fundamental_Issues_in_World_Evangelization">Section for Fundamental Issues in World Evangelization</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Roman_Curia&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Section for Fundamental Issues in World Evangelization"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>It is the task of the Section to study, in collaboration with the particular Churches, Episcopal Conferences and Eastern Hierarchical Structures, Institutes of Consecrated Life and Societies of Apostolic Life, the fundamental questions of evangelization and the development of an effective announcing the Gospel by identifying appropriate forms, instruments and language. The Section gathers the most significant experiences in the field of evangelization, making them available to the entire Church. It encourages reflection on the history of evangelization and mission, especially in their relationship to the political, social, and cultural events that have marked and conditioned the preaching of the Gospel. The current pro-prefect is <a href="/wiki/Rino_Fisichella" title="Rino Fisichella">Archbishop Salvatore (Rino) Fisichella</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Section_for_First_Evangelization_and_the_New_Particular_Churches">Section for First Evangelization and the New Particular Churches</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Roman_Curia&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Section for First Evangelization and the New Particular Churches"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Section supports the proclamation of the Gospel and the deepening of the life of faith in the territories of first evangelization and deals with everything that concerns the erection of ecclesiastical circumscriptions or their modifications, as well as their provisioning, and it carries out the other tasks in the same way as the Dicastery for Bishops does within the scope of its competence. The Section, according to the principle of just autonomy, supports the new Particular Churches in the work of first evangelization and growth, collaborating with the Particular Churches, Episcopal Conferences, Institutes of Consecrated Life, Societies of Apostolic Life, associations, ecclesial movements, new communities, and ecclesial assistance agencies. To this section are entrusted the Pontifical Missionary Societies: the Pontifical Society for the Propagation of the Faith, the Pontifical Society of St. Peter the Apostle, the Pontifical Society of the Missionary Childhood, and the Pontifical Missionary Union, as instruments for the promotion of the missionary responsibility of every baptized person and for the support of the New Particular Churches. The current pro-prefect is <a href="/wiki/Luis_Antonio_Tagle" title="Luis Antonio Tagle">Luis Antonio Cardinal Gokim Tagle</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Associated_organization">Associated organization</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Roman_Curia&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Associated organization"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading5"><h5 id="International_Council_for_Catechesis">International Council for Catechesis</h5><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Roman_Curia&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: International Council for Catechesis"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The International Council for Catechesis (COINCAT) was established by <a href="/wiki/Pope_Paul_VI" title="Pope Paul VI">Pope Paul VI</a> on 7 June 1973, as a consultative body within the Congregation for the Clergy. The general purpose of COINCAT as explained in the <i><a href="/wiki/Annuario_Pontificio" title="Annuario Pontificio">Annuario Pontificio</a></i> is "to study the more important catechetical themes for the service of the Apostolic See and the episcopal conferences and to present proposals and suggestions." Specifically, it investigates concrete themes and important catechetical problems for the universal Church, suggesting solutions and proposals for pastoral action; it provides information on the necessity of catechesis and new approaches being taken in various parts of the world; and it facilitates the exchange of catechetical experiences between the Holy See and the diverse areas in the Church and among the members themselves. The current president is <a href="/wiki/Rino_Fisichella" title="Rino Fisichella">Archbishop Salvatore (Rino) Fisichella</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Dicastery_for_the_Doctrine_of_the_Faith">Dicastery for the Doctrine of the Faith</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Roman_Curia&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Dicastery for the Doctrine of the Faith"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Dicastery_for_the_Doctrine_of_the_Faith" title="Dicastery for the Doctrine of the Faith">Dicastery for the Doctrine of the Faith</a></div> <p>The Dicastery for the Doctrine of the Faith, previously known as the Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith and as the Supreme Sacred Congregation of the Roman and Universal Inquisition, is the oldest of the dicasteries of the Roman Curia. The task of the Dicastery for the Doctrine of the Faith is to assist the Roman pontiff and the bishops/eparchies in the proclamation of the Gospel throughout the world, promoting and protecting the integrity of Catholic doctrine on faith and morals, drawing on the deposit of faith and also seeking an ever deeper understanding of it in the face of new questions. The dicastery is made up of two sections: the Doctrinal Section and the Disciplinary Section, each coordinated by a secretary who assists the prefect in the specific area of his competence. The current prefect is <a href="/wiki/V%C3%ADctor_Manuel_Fern%C3%A1ndez" title="Víctor Manuel Fernández">Víctor Manuel Cardinal Fernández</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Doctrinal_Section">Doctrinal Section</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Roman_Curia&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Doctrinal Section"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Doctrinal Section fosters and supports study and reflection on the understanding of faith and morals and the development of theology in different cultures, in the light of sound doctrine and the challenges of the times, so as to offer answers, in the light of faith, to the questions and arguments that emerge with the progress of the sciences and the evolution of civilizations. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Disciplinary_Section">Disciplinary Section</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Roman_Curia&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Disciplinary Section"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Disciplinary Section, through the Disciplinary Office, deals with crimes reserved to the dicastery and dealt with by it through the jurisdiction of the Supreme Apostolic Tribunal therein established, proceeding to declare or impose canonical penalties in accordance with the norms of law, whether common or proper, without prejudice to the competence of the Apostolic Penitentiary. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Associated_organizations">Associated organizations</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Roman_Curia&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: Associated organizations"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading5"><h5 id="Pontifical_Commission_for_the_Protection_of_Minors">Pontifical Commission for the Protection of Minors</h5><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Roman_Curia&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: Pontifical Commission for the Protection of Minors"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The <a href="/wiki/Pontifical_Commission_for_the_Protection_of_Minors" title="Pontifical Commission for the Protection of Minors">Pontifical Commission for the Protection of Minors</a> is established within the Dicastery for the Doctrine of the Faith. Its task is to provide the Roman Pontiff with advice and counsel and to propose the most appropriate initiatives for the protection of minors and vulnerable persons and promote local responsibility in the particular Churches for the protection of all minors and vulnerable adults. The current president is <a href="/wiki/Se%C3%A1n_Patrick_O%27Malley" title="Seán Patrick O'Malley">Seán Patrick Cardinal O'Malley</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading5"><h5 id="International_Theological_Commission">International Theological Commission</h5><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Roman_Curia&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: International Theological Commission"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The <a href="/wiki/International_Theological_Commission" title="International Theological Commission">International Theological Commission</a> (ITC) is a body of the Roman Curia that advises the Magisterium of the church, in examining doctrinal questions of major importance, particularly the Dicastery for the Doctrine of the Faith. The president of the commission is the <i>ex officio</i> prefect of the dicastery. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading5"><h5 id="Pontifical_Biblical_Commission">Pontifical Biblical Commission</h5><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Roman_Curia&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: Pontifical Biblical Commission"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The <a href="/wiki/Pontifical_Biblical_Commission" title="Pontifical Biblical Commission">Pontifical Biblical Commission</a> is a consultative body, placed at the service of the Magisterium and linked to the dicastery, to ensure the proper interpretation and defense of the <a href="/wiki/Bible" title="Bible">Bible</a>. The president of the commission is the <i>ex officio</i> prefect of the dicastery. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading5"><h5 id="College_for_the_review_of_appeals_by_clergy_accused_of_delicta_reservata">College for the review of appeals by clergy accused of <i>delicta reservata</i></h5><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Roman_Curia&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section: College for the review of appeals by clergy accused of delicta reservata"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The college for the review of appeals by clergy accused of <i>delicta reservata</i> is a commission under the jurisdiction of the dicastery composed of bishops tasked to review sexual abuse cases of minors committed by clerics. The current president is Archbishop Charles Jude Scicluna. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Dicastery_for_the_Service_of_Charity">Dicastery for the Service of Charity</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Roman_Curia&action=edit&section=23" title="Edit section: Dicastery for the Service of Charity"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Dicastery_for_the_Service_of_Charity" title="Dicastery for the Service of Charity">Dicastery for the Service of Charity</a></div> <p>The Dicastery for the Service of Charity, also called the Apostolic Alms Office, is a special expression of mercy and, starting from the option for the poor, the vulnerable and the excluded, it exercises in any part of the world the work of assistance and help towards them in the name of the Roman Pontiff, who in cases of particular indigence or other need, personally arranges the aid to be allocated. </p><p>The dicastery, under the guidance of the prefect, the Almoner of His Holiness, in contact with other competent dicasteries, makes concrete, through its activity, the solicitude and closeness of the Roman Pontiff, as Pastor of the Universal Church, towards those who live in situations of indigence, marginalization or poverty, as well as on the occasion of serious calamities. </p><p>Formerly the Office of Papal Charities, the change gives the office "a more significant role in the Curia". The current prefect is the almoner of His Holiness, <a href="/wiki/Konrad_Krajewski" title="Konrad Krajewski">Konrad Cardinal Krajewski</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Dicastery_for_the_Eastern_Churches">Dicastery for the Eastern Churches</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Roman_Curia&action=edit&section=24" title="Edit section: Dicastery for the Eastern Churches"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Dicastery_for_the_Eastern_Churches" title="Dicastery for the Eastern Churches">Dicastery for the Eastern Churches</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Nazareth_Church_of_the_Annunciation.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Nazareth_Church_of_the_Annunciation.jpg/220px-Nazareth_Church_of_the_Annunciation.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Nazareth_Church_of_the_Annunciation.jpg/330px-Nazareth_Church_of_the_Annunciation.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Nazareth_Church_of_the_Annunciation.jpg/440px-Nazareth_Church_of_the_Annunciation.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2272" data-file-height="1704" /></a><figcaption>The <a href="/wiki/Basilica_of_the_Annunciation" title="Basilica of the Annunciation">Basilica of the Annunciation</a> is the largest Christian church building in the <a href="/wiki/Middle_East" title="Middle East">Middle East</a> under the supervision of the <a href="/wiki/Congregation_for_the_Oriental_Churches" class="mw-redirect" title="Congregation for the Oriental Churches">Congregation for the Oriental Churches</a>.</figcaption></figure> <p>The Dicastery for the Eastern Churches is responsible for contact with the <a href="/wiki/Eastern_Catholic_Church" class="mw-redirect" title="Eastern Catholic Church">Eastern Catholic Churches</a> for the sake of assisting their development, protecting their rights and also maintaining whole and entire in the one Catholic Church, alongside the liturgical, disciplinary and spiritual patrimony of the <a href="/wiki/Latin_Church" title="Latin Church">Latin Church</a>, the heritage of the various Oriental Christian traditions. It has exclusive authority over the following regions: Egypt and the <a href="/wiki/Sinai_Peninsula" title="Sinai Peninsula">Sinai Peninsula</a>, Eritrea and northern Ethiopia, southern Albania and Bulgaria, Cyprus, Greece, Israel, Iran, Iraq, Lebanon, <a href="/wiki/State_of_Palestine" class="mw-redirect" title="State of Palestine">Palestine</a>, Syria, Jordan, Turkey, and Ukraine.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Its members include all Eastern Catholic <a href="/wiki/Patriarch" title="Patriarch">patriarchs</a> and <a href="/wiki/Major_archbishop" title="Major archbishop">major archbishops</a>, as well as the prefect of the <a href="/wiki/Dicastery_for_Promoting_Christian_Unity" title="Dicastery for Promoting Christian Unity">Dicastery for Promoting Christian Unity</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-vatican1_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-vatican1-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The current prefect is <a href="/wiki/Claudio_Gugerotti" title="Claudio Gugerotti">Claudio Gugerotti</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Dicastery_for_Divine_Worship_and_the_Discipline_of_the_Sacraments">Dicastery for Divine Worship and the Discipline of the Sacraments</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Roman_Curia&action=edit&section=25" title="Edit section: Dicastery for Divine Worship and the Discipline of the Sacraments"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Dicastery_for_Divine_Worship_and_the_Discipline_of_the_Sacraments" title="Dicastery for Divine Worship and the Discipline of the Sacraments">Dicastery for Divine Worship and the Discipline of the Sacraments</a></div> <p>The Dicastery for Divine Worship and the Discipline of the Sacraments promotes the sacred liturgy according to the renewal undertaken by the Second Vatican Council. The spheres of its competence concern all that which by provision of law pertains to the Apostolic See concerning the regulation and promotion of the sacred liturgy and the vigilance that the laws of the Church and the liturgical norms are everywhere faithfully observed. It is the task of the dicastery to provide for the editing or revision and updating of typical editions of liturgical books. The dicastery confirms the translations of liturgical books into current languages and grants <i>recognitio</i> to their appropriate adaptations to local cultures, legitimately approved by the Local Bishops' Conferences. It also grants <i>recognitio</i> to the particular Calendars, the Proprieties of Masses and of the Liturgy of the Hours of the particular Churches and of Institutes of Consecrated Life and Societies of Apostolic Life approved by the relevant competent authority. It is concerned with the regulation and discipline of the sacred liturgy with regard to the extraordinary form of the Roman Rite and for the protection of the sacred relics, the confirmation of the patrons and the granting of the title of Minor Basilica. The current prefect is <a href="/wiki/Arthur_Roche" title="Arthur Roche">Arthur Cardinal Roche</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Associated_organization_2">Associated organization</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Roman_Curia&action=edit&section=26" title="Edit section: Associated organization"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading5"><h5 id=""Vox_Clara"_Committee"><span id=".22Vox_Clara.22_Committee"></span>"Vox Clara" Committee</h5><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Roman_Curia&action=edit&section=27" title="Edit section: "Vox Clara" Committee"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Vox Clara Committee has been established to assist and advise the Dicastery for Divine Worship and the Discipline of the Sacraments in fulfilling its responsibilities with regard to the English translations of liturgical texts. Representing the different continents as it does, the committee reflects the international character of the English language. This makes available to the Holy See the great wealth of pastoral experience drawn from different cultures. The current president is vacant. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Dicastery_for_the_Causes_of_Saints">Dicastery for the Causes of Saints</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Roman_Curia&action=edit&section=28" title="Edit section: Dicastery for the Causes of Saints"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Dicastery_for_the_Causes_of_Saints" title="Dicastery for the Causes of Saints">Dicastery for the Causes of Saints</a></div> <p>The Dicastery for the Causes of Saints oversees the process that leads to the <a href="/wiki/Canonization" title="Canonization">canonization</a> of saints, passing through the steps of a declaration of "heroic virtues" and <a href="/wiki/Beatification" title="Beatification">beatification</a>. After preparing a case, including the approval of <a href="/wiki/Miracle" title="Miracle">miracles</a>, the case is presented to the pope, who decides whether or not to proceed with beatification or canonization.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The dicastery establishes the canonical procedure to be followed to verify and declare the authenticity of sacred relics and to ensure their preservation. It is up to the dicastery to judge about the granting of the title of Doctor of the Church to a saint, after having obtained the vote of the Dicastery for the Doctrine of the Faith about their eminent doctrine. The current prefect is <a href="/wiki/Marcello_Semeraro" title="Marcello Semeraro">Marcello Cardinal Semeraro</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Dicastery_for_Bishops">Dicastery for Bishops</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Roman_Curia&action=edit&section=29" title="Edit section: Dicastery for Bishops"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Dicastery_for_Bishops" title="Dicastery for Bishops">Dicastery for Bishops</a></div> <p>The Dicastery for Bishops<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> oversees the selection of new bishops that are not in mission territories or those areas that come under the jurisdiction of the <a href="/wiki/Dicastery_for_the_Eastern_Churches" title="Dicastery for the Eastern Churches">Dicastery for the Oriental Churches</a> who deal with the <a href="/wiki/Eastern_Catholics" class="mw-redirect" title="Eastern Catholics">Eastern Catholics</a>, pending <a href="/wiki/Pope" title="Pope">papal</a> approval. It consequently holds considerable sway over the evolution of the church. It also schedules the <a href="/wiki/Quinquennial_Visit_Ad_Limina" class="mw-redirect" title="Quinquennial Visit Ad Limina">papal audiences</a> "<i>ad limina apostolorum</i>" required for bishops every five years and arranges the creation of new dioceses. The dicastery carries out its activity in a spirit of service and in close collaboration with the Episcopal Conferences and their regional and continental unions. It endeavors to work with them with regard to the celebration of Particular Councils and the establishment of Episcopal Conferences and the recognition of their statutes. It receives the acts and decrees of the above-mentioned bodies, examines them and, after consulting the dicasteries concerned, grants the necessary recognition to the decrees. Finally, it carries out what is established by the canonical dispositions concerning ecclesiastical provinces and regions. The resignation of recent prefect <a href="/wiki/Marc_Ouellet" title="Marc Ouellet">Marc Cardinal Ouellet</a>, <span class="nobold noexcerpt nowraplinks" style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/Society_of_St._Sulpice" class="mw-redirect" title="Society of St. Sulpice">PSS</a></span>, was accepted by <a href="/wiki/Pope_Francis" title="Pope Francis">Pope Francis</a> on 30 January 2023. <a href="/wiki/Robert_Francis_Prevost" title="Robert Francis Prevost">Archbishop Robert Francis Prevost</a>, <span class="nobold noexcerpt nowraplinks" style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/Order_of_Saint_Augustine" title="Order of Saint Augustine">O.S.A.</a></span> was named to succeed him in this office, which he assumed on 12 April 2023.<sup id="cite_ref-PrevostAppointment_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-PrevostAppointment-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Prevost was elevated to <a href="/wiki/Archbishop" title="Archbishop">archbishop</a><sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> when his appointment to lead the Dicastery for Bishops was announced. He is now <a href="/wiki/Archbishop" title="Archbishop">Archbishop</a>-<a href="/wiki/Bishop_emeritus" class="mw-redirect" title="Bishop emeritus">Bishop emeritus</a> of his former see - <a href="/wiki/Diocese_of_Chiclayo" class="mw-redirect" title="Diocese of Chiclayo">Chiclayo, Peru</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-PrevostAppointment_15-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-PrevostAppointment-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He was elevated to the College of Cardinals at the consistory held on 30 September 2023. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Associated_organization_3">Associated organization</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Roman_Curia&action=edit&section=30" title="Edit section: Associated organization"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading5"><h5 id="Pontifical_Commission_for_Latin_America">Pontifical Commission for Latin America</h5><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Roman_Curia&action=edit&section=31" title="Edit section: Pontifical Commission for Latin America"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Pontifical Commission for Latin America is instituted at the dicastery. Its task is to study questions concerning the life and development of these particular Churches in order to assist the dicasteries concerned by reason of their competence and to assist them with advice and financial means. It is also responsible for fostering relations between international and national ecclesiastical institutions that work for the regions of Latin America and curial institutions. The president of the commission is the <i>ex officio</i> prefect of the dicastery. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Dicastery_for_the_Clergy">Dicastery for the Clergy</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Roman_Curia&action=edit&section=32" title="Edit section: Dicastery for the Clergy"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Dicastery_for_the_Clergy" title="Dicastery for the Clergy">Dicastery for the Clergy</a></div> <p>The Dicastery for the Clergy is the department of the Roman Curia responsible for overseeing matters regarding priests and <a href="/wiki/Deacons" class="mw-redirect" title="Deacons">deacons</a> not belonging to <a href="/wiki/Institute_of_consecrated_life" title="Institute of consecrated life">institutes of consecrated life</a> or <a href="/wiki/Society_of_apostolic_life" title="Society of apostolic life">societies of apostolic life</a>, as well as for the <a href="/wiki/Seminary" title="Seminary">seminaries</a> (except those regulated by the dicasteries for <a href="/wiki/Dicastery_for_Evangelization" title="Dicastery for Evangelization">Evangelization</a> and for the <a href="/wiki/Dicastery_for_the_Eastern_Churches" title="Dicastery for the Eastern Churches">Oriental Churches</a>), and houses of formation of religious and secular institutes. It handles requests for dispensation from active priestly ministry, as well as the legislation governing presbyteral councils and other organizations of priests around the world. The dicastery also deals with matters within the competence of the Holy See concerning: the general discipline concerning the Diocesan Council for Economic Affairs, the Presbyteral Council, the College of Consultors, the Chapter of Canons, the Diocesan Pastoral Council, the Parishes, the Churches; the associations of clerics and public clerical associations; to the latter it may grant the faculty of incardination, after consulting the competent dicasteries and receiving the approval of the Roman Pontiff; ecclesiastical archives; and the extinction of pious wills in general and pious foundations. The current prefect is <a href="/wiki/Lazarus_You_Heung-sik" title="Lazarus You Heung-sik">Lazarus Cardinal You Heung-sik</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Associated_organizations_2">Associated organizations</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Roman_Curia&action=edit&section=33" title="Edit section: Associated organizations"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading5"><h5 id="Pontifical_Work_for_Priestly_Vocations">Pontifical Work for Priestly Vocations</h5><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Roman_Curia&action=edit&section=34" title="Edit section: Pontifical Work for Priestly Vocations"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Pontifical Work for Priestly Vocations is established within the dicastery responsible to encourage and coordinate efforts to promote vocations to the sacred priesthood of the Catholic Church. It is concerned primarily with setting forth a true and clear notion of the nature, the necessity, and the excellence of the priesthood; promotes the offering up of Masses, Communions, prayers and works of penance and charity to the end that God may grant many and excellent priestly vocations; and encourages the growth of the project which is established in each diocese for priestly vocations, and tries to have such projects set up where they do not already exist.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The president of the commission is the <i>ex officio</i> prefect of the dicastery. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading5"><h5 id="Interdicasterial_Commission_for_Candidates_to_Sacred_Order">Interdicasterial Commission for Candidates to Sacred Order</h5><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Roman_Curia&action=edit&section=35" title="Edit section: Interdicasterial Commission for Candidates to Sacred Order"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Interdicasterial Commission for Candidates to Sacred Order is established within the dicastery responsible for the selection of candidates for Holy Orders, including their human, spiritual, doctrinal and pastoral training in seminaries and in special centres for permanent deacons, to their continuing formation, including their living conditions and ways of exercising the ministry.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The president of the commission is the <i>ex officio</i> prefect of the dicastery. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Dicastery_for_Institutes_of_Consecrated_Life_and_for_Societies_of_Apostolic_life">Dicastery for Institutes of Consecrated Life and for Societies of Apostolic life</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Roman_Curia&action=edit&section=36" title="Edit section: Dicastery for Institutes of Consecrated Life and for Societies of Apostolic life"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Dicastery_for_Institutes_of_Consecrated_Life_and_Societies_of_Apostolic_Life" title="Dicastery for Institutes of Consecrated Life and Societies of Apostolic Life">Dicastery for Institutes of Consecrated Life and Societies of Apostolic Life</a></div> <p>The Dicastery for Institutes of Consecrated Life and for Societies of Apostolic Life is responsible for the promotion, animation and regulation of the practice of the evangelical counsels as it is lived out in the approved forms of consecrated life, and also with regard to the life and activity of Societies of Apostolic Life throughout the Latin Church. It is the responsibility of the dicastery to approve Institutes of Consecrated Life and Societies of Apostolic Life, to erect them and also to grant the license for the validity of the erection of an Institute of Consecrated Life or Society of Apostolic Life of diocesan right by the bishop. The competence of the dicastery also extends to Third Orders and to associations of the faithful erected with a view to becoming an Institute of Consecrated Life or a Society of Apostolic Life. The current prefect is <a href="/wiki/Simona_Brambilla" title="Simona Brambilla">Simona Brambilla</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Dicastery_for_the_Laity,_Family_and_Life"><span id="Dicastery_for_the_Laity.2C_Family_and_Life"></span>Dicastery for the Laity, Family and Life</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Roman_Curia&action=edit&section=37" title="Edit section: Dicastery for the Laity, Family and Life"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Dicastery_for_the_Laity,_Family_and_Life" title="Dicastery for the Laity, Family and Life">Dicastery for the Laity, Family and Life</a></div> <p>The Dicastery for the Laity, Family and Life is competent for the enhancement of the apostolate of the lay faithful, the pastoral care of the young, of the family and its mission according to God's plan, of the elderly, and for the promotion and protection of life. In pursuing its own competences, the dicastery maintains relations with the particular Churches, with the Bishops' Conferences, their regional and continental Unions, the Oriental Hierarchical Structures and other ecclesial organisms, promoting exchange among them and offering its collaboration so that the values and initiatives connected with these matters may be promoted. The dicastery expresses the Church's special solicitude for young people, promoting their protagonism in the midst of the world's challenges. It studies and deepens, with the support of experts, the major causes of crises in marriages and families, with particular attention to the experiences of those involved in failed marriages, especially with regard to children, in order to promote a greater awareness of the value of the family and the role of parents in society and in the Church. The current prefect is <a href="/wiki/Kevin_Farrell" title="Kevin Farrell">Kevin Joseph Cardinal Farrell</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Associated_organizations_3">Associated organizations</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Roman_Curia&action=edit&section=38" title="Edit section: Associated organizations"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading5"><h5 id="Pontifical_Academy_for_Life">Pontifical Academy for Life</h5><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Roman_Curia&action=edit&section=39" title="Edit section: Pontifical Academy for Life"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The dicastery collaborates with the Pontifical Academy for Life in matters concerning the protection and promotion of human life and makes use of its expertise. It is dedicated to promoting the Church's consistent life ethic. It also does related research on bioethics and Catholic moral theology. The current president of the academy is <a href="/wiki/Vincenzo_Paglia" title="Vincenzo Paglia">Archbishop Vincenzo Paglia</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading5"><h5 id="Pontifical_John_Paul_II_Theological_Institute_for_Matrimonial_and_Family_Science">Pontifical John Paul II Theological Institute for Matrimonial and Family Science</h5><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Roman_Curia&action=edit&section=40" title="Edit section: Pontifical John Paul II Theological Institute for Matrimonial and Family Science"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Pontifical John Paul II Theological Institute for Matrimonial and Family Science is devoted to the study of the truth about the human person in all of its dimensions: theological, philosophical, anthropological, and indeed cosmological-scientific. The institute centers its study of the person in the community that is the original cell of human society: marriage and family.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The current president of the institute is <a href="/wiki/Philippe_Bordeyne" title="Philippe Bordeyne">Monsignor Philippe Bordeyne</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Dicastery_for_Promoting_Christian_Unity">Dicastery for Promoting Christian Unity</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Roman_Curia&action=edit&section=41" title="Edit section: Dicastery for Promoting Christian Unity"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Dicastery_for_Promoting_Christian_Unity" title="Dicastery for Promoting Christian Unity">Dicastery for Promoting Christian Unity</a></div> <p>It is the responsibility of the Dicastery for the Promotion of Christian Unity to apply appropriate initiatives and activities to the ecumenical commitment, both within the Catholic Church and inrelations with other Churches and Ecclesial Communities, to restore unity among Christians. It is the task of the dicastery to implement the teachings of the Second Vatican Council and the post-conciliar Magisterium concerning ecumenism. It is responsible for the correct interpretation and faithful application of ecumenical principles and directives established to guide, coordinate and develop ecumenical activity. It also coordinates the ecumenical initiatives of other curial institutions, offices and institutions connected with the Holy See with other churches and ecclesial communities. The current prefect is <a href="/wiki/Kurt_Koch" title="Kurt Koch">Kurt Cardinal Koch</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Associated_organization_4">Associated organization</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Roman_Curia&action=edit&section=42" title="Edit section: Associated organization"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading5"><h5 id="Commission_for_Religious_Relations_with_the_Jews">Commission for Religious Relations with the Jews</h5><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Roman_Curia&action=edit&section=43" title="Edit section: Commission for Religious Relations with the Jews"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In order to advance the relationship between Catholics and Jews, a Commission for Religious Relations with the Jews is established at the dicastery. It is tasked with maintaining positive theological ties with Jews and Judaism. The president of the commission is the <i>ex officio</i> prefect of the dicastery. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Dicastery_for_Interreligious_Dialogue">Dicastery for Interreligious Dialogue</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Roman_Curia&action=edit&section=44" title="Edit section: Dicastery for Interreligious Dialogue"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Dicastery_for_Interreligious_Dialogue" title="Dicastery for Interreligious Dialogue">Dicastery for Interreligious Dialogue</a></div> <p>The Dicastery for Interreligious Dialogue promotes and regulates relations with members and groups of religions that are not included under the name of Christianity, with the exception of Judaism, whose competence falls to the Dicastery for the Promotion of Christian Unity. The dicastery works to ensure that dialogue with the followers of other religions takes place in an appropriate manner, with an attitude of listening, esteem and respect. It fosters various forms of relations with them so that, through the contribution of all, peace, freedom, social justice, the protection and safeguarding of creation, and spiritual and moral values may be promoted. The current prefect is <a href="/wiki/George_Jacob_Koovakad" class="mw-redirect" title="George Jacob Koovakad">George Jacob Cardinal Koovakad</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Associated_organization_5">Associated organization</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Roman_Curia&action=edit&section=45" title="Edit section: Associated organization"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading5"><h5 id="Commission_for_Religious_Relations_with_Muslims">Commission for Religious Relations with Muslims</h5><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Roman_Curia&action=edit&section=46" title="Edit section: Commission for Religious Relations with Muslims"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>For the purpose of promoting relations with members of different religious beliefs, the Commission for Religious Relations with Muslims is established within the dicastery. It tasked with maintaining positive theological ties with Muslims. The president of the commission is the <i>ex officio</i> prefect of the dicastery. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Dicastery_for_Culture_and_Education">Dicastery for Culture and Education</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Roman_Curia&action=edit&section=47" title="Edit section: Dicastery for Culture and Education"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Dicastery_for_Culture_and_Education" title="Dicastery for Culture and Education">Dicastery for Culture and Education</a></div><p> The Dicastery for Culture and Education works for the development of human values in people within the horizon of Christian anthropology, contributing to the full realization of the following of Jesus Christ. The dicastery is made up of the Section for Culture, which is dedicated to the promotion of culture, pastoral animation, and the valorization of the cultural patrimony, and the Section for Education, which develops the fundamental principles of education with reference to schools, higher institutes of Catholic and ecclesiastical studies and research, and is competent for hierarchical appeals in these matters. The dicastery is formed through the merger of the Pontifical Council for Culture with the Congregation for Catholic Education. The current prefect is <a href="/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_Tolentino_de_Mendon%C3%A7a" title="José Tolentino de Mendonça">José Cardinal Tolentino de Mendonça</a>. </p><figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Vatican-Le_Laocoon.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/75/Vatican-Le_Laocoon.jpg/250px-Vatican-Le_Laocoon.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="213" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/75/Vatican-Le_Laocoon.jpg/330px-Vatican-Le_Laocoon.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/75/Vatican-Le_Laocoon.jpg/500px-Vatican-Le_Laocoon.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2410" data-file-height="2328" /></a><figcaption><i><a href="/wiki/Laoco%C3%B6n_and_his_Sons" class="mw-redirect" title="Laocoön and his Sons">Laocoön and his Sons</a></i> in the <a href="/wiki/Vatican_Museums" title="Vatican Museums">Vatican Museum</a>, which was under the care of the <a href="/wiki/Dicastery_for_Culture_and_Education" title="Dicastery for Culture and Education">Dicastery for Culture and Education</a>.</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Section_for_Culture">Section for Culture</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Roman_Curia&action=edit&section=48" title="Edit section: Section for Culture"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Section for Culture promotes and sustains relations between the Holy See and the world of culture, confronting the many requests emerging from it and especially encouraging dialogue as an indispensable means of true encounter, reciprocal interaction and mutual enrichment, so that the various cultures may become increasingly open to the Gospel as well as the Christian faith in them, and so that lovers of the arts, literature and science, of technology and sport may know and feel recognized by the Church as persons at the service of the sincere search for truth, goodness and beauty. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Section_for_Education">Section for Education</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Roman_Curia&action=edit&section=49" title="Edit section: Section for Education"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Section for Education collaborates with the diocesan/episcopal bishops, the Bishops' Conferences and the Oriental Hierarchical Structures so that the fundamental principles of education, especially Catholic education, may be received and deepened so that they may be implemented contextually and culturally. It is competent to carry out the formalities necessary for the recognition by States of academic degrees granted in the name of the Holy See and to approve and erect Institutes of Higher Studies and other ecclesiastical academic institutions. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Associated_organizations_4">Associated organizations</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Roman_Curia&action=edit&section=50" title="Edit section: Associated organizations"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading5"><h5 id="Pontifical_Work_for_Ecclesiastical_Vocations">Pontifical Work for Ecclesiastical Vocations</h5><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Roman_Curia&action=edit&section=51" title="Edit section: Pontifical Work for Ecclesiastical Vocations"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Pontifical Work for Ecclesiastical Vocations is tasked to promotes vocations to the priesthood of the Catholic Church. It is responsible to intensify the desire for promoting, safeguarding, and assisting ecclesiastical vocations; to disseminate an accurate notion of the dignity and necessity of the Catholic priesthood; and to call the faithful of the whole world into a close union of prayers and pious exercises.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The president of the commission is the <i>ex officio</i> prefect of the dicastery. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading5"><h5 id="Pontifical_Academies">Pontifical Academies</h5><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Roman_Curia&action=edit&section=52" title="Edit section: Pontifical Academies"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Dicastery for Culture and Education also coordinates the activity of some Pontifical Academies, some of which are of ancient foundation, in which the major international personalities of the theological and humanistic sciences are co-opted, chosen from among believers and non- believers. These are currently the: </p> <ol><li><a href="/wiki/Pontifical_Academy_of_Fine_Arts_and_Letters_of_the_Virtuosi_al_Pantheon" title="Pontifical Academy of Fine Arts and Letters of the Virtuosi al Pantheon">Pontifical Academy of Fine Arts and Letters of the <i>Virtuosi al Pantheon</i></a>;</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pontifical_Academy_of_Archaeology" title="Pontifical Academy of Archaeology">Pontifical Academy of Archaeology</a>;</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pontifical_Academy_of_Theology" title="Pontifical Academy of Theology">Pontifical Academy of Theology</a>;</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pontifical_Academy_of_Saint_Thomas_Aquinas" title="Pontifical Academy of Saint Thomas Aquinas">Pontifical Academy of St. Thomas Aquinas</a>;</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pontifical_International_Marian_Academy&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pontifical International Marian Academy (page does not exist)">Pontifical International Marian Academy</a>;</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pontifical_Academy_of_Martyrs" title="Pontifical Academy of Martyrs">Pontifical Academy of Martyrs</a>; and</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pontifical_Academy_for_Latin" title="Pontifical Academy for Latin">Pontifical Academy for Latin</a>.</li></ol> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Dicastery_for_Promoting_Integral_Human_Development">Dicastery for Promoting Integral Human Development</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Roman_Curia&action=edit&section=53" title="Edit section: Dicastery for Promoting Integral Human Development"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Dicastery_for_Promoting_Integral_Human_Development" title="Dicastery for Promoting Integral Human Development">Dicastery for Promoting Integral Human Development</a></div> <p>The Dicastery for the Service of Integral Human Development has the task of promoting the human person and his or her God-given dignity, human rights, health, justice and peace. It is primarily concerned with issues related to the economy and work, care for creation and the earth as "common home", migration and humanitarian emergencies. It deepens and disseminates the Church's social teaching on integral human development and recognizes and interprets in the light of the Gospel the needs and concerns of humankind in its own time and in the future. The dicastery collaborates with the works of the Holy See for humanitarian aid in crisis areas, cooperating with ecclesial humanitarian intervention and development agencies. The current prefect is <a href="/wiki/Michael_Czerny" title="Michael Czerny">Michael Cardinal Czerny</a>, S.J. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Associated_organization_6">Associated organization</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Roman_Curia&action=edit&section=54" title="Edit section: Associated organization"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading5"><h5 id="Vatican_COVID-19_Commission">Vatican COVID-19 Commission</h5><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Roman_Curia&action=edit&section=55" title="Edit section: Vatican COVID-19 Commission"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Vatican COVID-19 Commission was created to express the Church's solicitude and care for the whole human family facing the COVID-19 pandemic. Drawing on a wealth of expertise from local communities, global platforms, and academic experts, the Commission seeks bold, broad changes: dignity in work, new structures for the common good, solidarity at the heart of governance, and nature in harmony with social systems. The president of the commission is the <i>ex officio</i> prefect of the dicastery. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Dicastery_for_Legislative_Texts">Dicastery for Legislative Texts</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Roman_Curia&action=edit&section=56" title="Edit section: Dicastery for Legislative Texts"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Dicastery_for_Legislative_Texts" title="Dicastery for Legislative Texts">Dicastery for Legislative Texts</a></div> <p>The Dicastery for Legislative Texts promotes and spreads within the Church the knowledge and acceptance of the canon law of the Latin Church and that of the Eastern Churches and offers assistance in its correct application. It carries out its duties in the service of the Roman Pontiff, of the curial institutions and offices, of the diocesan/eparchal bishops, of the Episcopal Conferences, of the Eastern hierarchical structures, and also of the supreme moderators of the Institutes of Consecrated Life and of the Societies of Apostolic Life of pontifical right. In carrying out its tasks, it avails itself of the collaboration of canonists belonging to different cultures and working on different continents. It promotes the study of the Canon Law of the Latin Church and of the Eastern Churches and of other legislative texts by organizing interdicasterial meetings, conferences and by promoting associations of international and national canonists. The current prefect is <a href="/wiki/Filippo_Iannone" title="Filippo Iannone">Archbishop Filippo Iannone</a>, O. Carm. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Dicastery_for_Communications">Dicastery for Communications</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Roman_Curia&action=edit&section=57" title="Edit section: Dicastery for Communications"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Dicastery_for_Communications" class="mw-redirect" title="Dicastery for Communications">Dicastery for Communications</a></div> <p>The Dicastery for Communication deals with the entire communication system of the Apostolic See and, in structural unity and with respect for the relative operational characteristics, unifies all the realities of the Holy See in the field of communication, so that the entire system responds coherently to the needs of the Church's evangelizing mission in a context characterized by the presence and development of digital media, by the factors of convergence and interactivity. The dicastery provides for the needs of the Church's evangelizing mission using the production models, technological innovations and forms of communication currently available and those that may develop in the time to come. In addition to the expressly operative functions assigned to it, also deepens anddevelops the theological and pastoral aspects of the Church's communicative activity. The current prefect is Dr. Paolo Ruffini. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Associated_organizations_5">Associated organizations</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Roman_Curia&action=edit&section=58" title="Edit section: Associated organizations"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading5"><h5 id="Vatican_Press">Vatican Press</h5><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Roman_Curia&action=edit&section=59" title="Edit section: Vatican Press"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Vatican press operates in the technological and productive sector, taking forward carrying out all the activities related to the printing and the packaging of the Pontifical documents, and the official documents of the various dicasteries and offices of the Holy See and the Vatican City State. In addition, it also prints the Vatican Newspaper <i>L'Osservatore Romano</i>, and it takes care of other editorial products publications of the entities connected to the Holy See.<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading5"><h5 id="L'Osservatore_Romano"><span id="L.27Osservatore_Romano"></span><i>L'Osservatore Romano</i></h5><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Roman_Curia&action=edit&section=60" title="Edit section: L'Osservatore Romano"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The <i><a href="/wiki/Osservatore_Romano" class="mw-redirect" title="Osservatore Romano">Osservatore Romano</a></i> is the daily newspaper of Vatican City State which reports on the activities of the Holy See and events taking place in the Church and the world. The current Director Manager is Professor Andrea Monda. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading5"><h5 id="Press_Office_of_the_Holy_See">Press Office of the Holy See</h5><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Roman_Curia&action=edit&section=61" title="Edit section: Press Office of the Holy See"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Holy See Press Office publishes the official news of the activities of the Holy Father and of the various departments of the Holy See. This includes speeches, messages, and other documents, as well as statements issued by the director of the press office. The current director is <a href="/wiki/Matteo_Bruni" title="Matteo Bruni">Matteo Bruni</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Institutions_of_Justice">Institutions of Justice</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Roman_Curia&action=edit&section=62" title="Edit section: Institutions of Justice"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Giorgio_Vasari,_Scomunica_di_Federico_II_da_parte_di_Gregorio_IX,_1572-73,_03_(cropped).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/Giorgio_Vasari%2C_Scomunica_di_Federico_II_da_parte_di_Gregorio_IX%2C_1572-73%2C_03_%28cropped%29.jpg/220px-Giorgio_Vasari%2C_Scomunica_di_Federico_II_da_parte_di_Gregorio_IX%2C_1572-73%2C_03_%28cropped%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="202" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/Giorgio_Vasari%2C_Scomunica_di_Federico_II_da_parte_di_Gregorio_IX%2C_1572-73%2C_03_%28cropped%29.jpg/330px-Giorgio_Vasari%2C_Scomunica_di_Federico_II_da_parte_di_Gregorio_IX%2C_1572-73%2C_03_%28cropped%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/Giorgio_Vasari%2C_Scomunica_di_Federico_II_da_parte_di_Gregorio_IX%2C_1572-73%2C_03_%28cropped%29.jpg/440px-Giorgio_Vasari%2C_Scomunica_di_Federico_II_da_parte_di_Gregorio_IX%2C_1572-73%2C_03_%28cropped%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2178" data-file-height="1996" /></a><figcaption>A depiction of <a href="/wiki/Pope_Gregory_IX" title="Pope Gregory IX">Pope Gregory IX</a> excommunicating Holy Roman Emperor <a href="/wiki/Frederick_II,_Holy_Roman_Emperor" title="Frederick II, Holy Roman Emperor">Frederick II</a>.</figcaption></figure><p> "The service of the Institutions of Justice is one of the essential functions in the government of the Church. The objective of this service, pursued by each institution in the forum of its own competence, is that of the Church's mission: to proclaim and inaugurate the Kingdom of God and to work, through the order of justice applied with canonical equity, for the salvation of souls, which is always the supreme law in the Church" (<i>Praedicate evangelium</i> Article 189 § 1). </p><div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Apostolic_Penitentiary">Apostolic Penitentiary</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Roman_Curia&action=edit&section=63" title="Edit section: Apostolic Penitentiary"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Apostolic_Penitentiary" title="Apostolic Penitentiary">Apostolic Penitentiary</a></div> <p>The Apostolic Penitentiary,<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> is one of the three tribunals of the Roman Curia. The Apostolic Penitentiary is responsible for issues relating to the forgiveness of sins in the Catholic Church. The Apostolic Penitentiary has jurisdiction only over matters in the <a href="/wiki/Internal_and_external_forum_(Catholic_canon_law)" class="mw-redirect" title="Internal and external forum (Catholic canon law)">internal forum</a>. Its work falls mainly into these categories: </p> <ul><li>the absolution of excommunications <i>latæ sententiæ</i> reserved to the Holy See,</li> <li>the dispensation of sacramental impediments reserved to the Holy See, and</li> <li>the issuance and governance of <a href="/wiki/Indulgence" title="Indulgence">indulgences</a>.</li></ul> <p>The current Major Penitentiary is <a href="/wiki/Angelo_De_Donatis" title="Angelo De Donatis">Angelo de Donatis</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Supreme_Tribunal_of_the_Apostolic_Signatura">Supreme Tribunal of the Apostolic Signatura</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Roman_Curia&action=edit&section=64" title="Edit section: Supreme Tribunal of the Apostolic Signatura"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Apostolic_Signatura" title="Apostolic Signatura">Apostolic Signatura</a></div> <p>The Supreme Tribunal of the Apostolic Signatura<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> is the highest judicial authority in the Catholic Church besides the Pope himself, who is the supreme ecclesiastical judge. In addition, it is an administrative office for matters pertaining to the judicial activity of the whole church. </p><p>Appeals in standard judicial processes, if appealed to the Apostolic See, normally are not handled by the Signatura. Those go to the <a href="/wiki/Roman_Rota" title="Roman Rota">Roman Rota</a>, which is the ordinary appellate tribunal of the Apostolic See. The Supreme Tribunal handles some of the more specialized kinds of cases, including the following: </p> <ul><li>complaints of nullity and requests for <i><a href="/wiki/Restitutio_ad_integrum" title="Restitutio ad integrum">restitutio in integrum</a></i> against judgments of the Roman Rota;</li> <li>appeals, in cases concerning the status of persons, against the refusal of a new examination of the case decided by the Roman Rota;</li> <li>exceptions of suspicion and other cases against judges of the Roman Rota for acts performed in the exercise of their office; and</li> <li>conflicts of jurisdiction between tribunals, which do not depend on the same Appellate Court.</li></ul> <p>Although a Rotal decision can be appealed, if not <i><a href="/wiki/Res_judicata" title="Res judicata">res judicata</a></i>, to a different panel (<i>turnus</i>) of the Rota, there is no right of appeal from a decision of the Signatura,<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> although a complaint of nullity on formal grounds is possible.<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As an administrative office, it exercises jurisdiction (vigilance) over all the tribunals of the Catholic Church. It can also extend the jurisdiction of tribunals, grant dispensations for procedural laws, establish interdiocesan tribunals, and correct advocates. </p><p>The current prefect is <a href="/wiki/Dominique_Mamberti" title="Dominique Mamberti">Dominique François Joseph Cardinal Mamberti</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Tribunal_of_the_Rota_Romana">Tribunal of the Rota Romana</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Roman_Curia&action=edit&section=65" title="Edit section: Tribunal of the Rota Romana"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Roman_Rota" title="Roman Rota">Roman Rota</a></div> <p>The Tribunal of the Roman Rota is the highest <a href="/wiki/Appellate_court" title="Appellate court">appellate tribunal</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-PB:Rota_28-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-PB:Rota-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> While usually trying cases in appeal in third instance (as is normally the case in the <a href="/wiki/Eastern_Catholic_Churches" title="Eastern Catholic Churches">Eastern Catholic Churches</a>),<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> or even in second instance if appeal is made to it directly from the sentence of a tribunal of first instance, it is also a court of first instance for cases specified in the law and for others committed to the Rota by the Roman Pontiff.<sup id="cite_ref-PB:Rota_28-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-PB:Rota-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It fosters the unity of jurisprudence and, through its own sentences, is a help to lower tribunals.<sup id="cite_ref-PB:Rota_28-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-PB:Rota-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The greater part of its decisions concern the <a href="/wiki/Nullity_of_marriage" class="mw-redirect" title="Nullity of marriage">nullity of marriage</a>. In such cases its competence includes marriages between two Catholics, between a Catholic and non-Catholic, and between two non-Catholic parties whether one or both of the baptized parties belongs to the Latin or an Eastern Rite.<sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The court is named <i>Rota</i> (Latin for: wheel) because the judges, called <i>auditors</i>, originally met in a round room to hear cases.<sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The current Dean is Most Reverend Alejandro Arellano Cedillo, C.O.R.C. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Economic_organizations">Economic organizations</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Roman_Curia&action=edit&section=66" title="Edit section: Economic organizations"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Council_for_the_Economy">Council for the Economy</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Roman_Curia&action=edit&section=67" title="Edit section: Council for the Economy"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Council_for_the_Economy" class="mw-redirect" title="Council for the Economy">Council for the Economy</a></div> <p>The Council for the Economy has the task of supervising the structures and the administrative and financial activities of the Curial Institutions and of the Offices and Institutions connected with the Holy See or which refer to it, indicated in the list attached to its Statute. The Council for Economic Affairs shall exercise its functions in the light of the Church's social doctrine and in accordance with internationally recognized best practices in public administration, with a view to ethical and efficient administrative and financial management. The council consists of eight cardinals or bishops, representing the universality of the Church, and seven lay persons, chosen from among experts of various nationalities. The fifteen members are appointed for five years by the Roman Pontiff. </p><p>The Council submits for the approval of the Roman Pontiff guidelines and norms aimed at ensuring that: </p> <ol><li>the assets of the bodies and administrations subject to its supervision are protected;</li> <li>capital and <a href="/wiki/Financial_risk" title="Financial risk">financial risks</a> are reduced;</li> <li>human, material and financial resources are allocated rationally and managed prudently, efficiently and transparently; and</li> <li>bodies and administrations carry out their duties efficiently, in accordance with the activities, programs and budgets approved for them.</li></ol> <p>The Council examines the proposals put forward by the Secretariat for the Economy, as well as any suggestions presented by the various Administrations of the Holy See, the Authority for Supervisionand Financial Information and other entities indicated in its own Statutes. </p><p>The current Coordinator is <a href="/wiki/Reinhard_Marx" title="Reinhard Marx">Reinhard Cardinal Marx</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Secretariat_for_the_Economy">Secretariat for the Economy</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Roman_Curia&action=edit&section=68" title="Edit section: Secretariat for the Economy"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Secretariat_for_the_Economy" title="Secretariat for the Economy">Secretariat for the Economy</a></div> <p>The Secretariat for the Economy performs the function of Papal Secretariat for economic and financial matters. It exercises control and vigilance in administrative, economic and financial matters over curial institutions, offices and institutions connected with the Holy See or which refer to it, as indicated in the list attached to the Statute of the Council for the Economy. It also exercises special control over Peter's Pence and over the other Papal Funds. </p><p>The Body is divided into two functional areas: one for regulation, control and supervision in economic and financial matters, and the other for regulation, control and supervision in administrative matters. The Secretariat for the Economy: </p> <ol><li>issues guidelines on economic and financial matters for the Holy See and checks that the activities are carried out in accordance with the operational plans and programs approved;</li> <li>monitors the administrative, economic and financial activities of the institutions entrusted to its control and supervision; proposes and ensures corrective action if necessary;</li> <li>prepares the annual budget, checking that it is adhered to, and the final consolidated budget of the Holy See and submits them to the Council for the Economy; and</li> <li>carries out the annual risk assessment of the patrimonial and financial situation of the Holy See and submits it to the Council for the Economy.</li></ol> <p>The current prefect is Mister Maximino Caballero Ledo. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Directorate_for_Human_Resources_of_the_Holy_See">Directorate for Human Resources of the Holy See</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Roman_Curia&action=edit&section=69" title="Edit section: Directorate for Human Resources of the Holy See"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Directorate for Human Resources of the Holy See is established in the Secretariat for the Economy. This office, in dialogue and cooperation with the Institutions concerned, deals with all matters concerning the position and working management of personnel and collaborators of the Institutions subject to the legislation of the Holy See. Among other responsibilities, through this Directorate, the Secretariat for Economic Affairs authorizes hiring, verifying all requirements, and approves the establishment plans of the Entities. The president of the Directorate is the <i>ex officio</i> prefect of the secretariat. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Administration_of_the_Patrimony_of_the_Apostolic_See">Administration of the Patrimony of the Apostolic See</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Roman_Curia&action=edit&section=70" title="Edit section: Administration of the Patrimony of the Apostolic See"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Administration_of_the_Patrimony_of_the_Apostolic_See" title="Administration of the Patrimony of the Apostolic See">Administration of the Patrimony of the Apostolic See</a></div> <p>The Administration of the Patrimony of the Apostolic See<sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> deals with the "properties owned by the Holy See in order to provide the funds necessary for the Roman Curia to function".<sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It was established by <a href="/wiki/Pope_Paul_VI" title="Pope Paul VI">Pope Paul VI</a> on 15 August 1967. </p><p>It is responsible for the administration and management of the real and movable patrimony of the Holy See, intended to provide the resources necessary for the fulfillment of the function proper to the Roman Curia for the good and at the service of the particular Churches. The Holy See is responsible for administering the real and movable patrimony of those entities that have entrusted their assets to the Holy See, in accordance with the specific purpose for which the patrimony has been constituted and with the general policies and guidelines approved by the competent bodies. It also provides whatever is necessary for the ordinary activity of the Roman Curia, taking care of the treasury, accounting, purchases and other services. The internal organization of the Body is divided into three functional areas, which deal with property management, financial affairs and services. The current president is <a href="/wiki/Nunzio_Galantino" title="Nunzio Galantino">Bishop Nunzio Galantino</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Office_of_the_Auditor_General">Office of the Auditor General</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Roman_Curia&action=edit&section=71" title="Edit section: Office of the Auditor General"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Office of the Auditor General is entrusted with the task of auditing the consolidated financial statements of the Holy See. The Office shall have the task, according to the annual audit program approved by the Council for the Economy, of auditing the annual financial statements of the individual Curial Institutions and of the Offices and Institutions connected with the Holy See or which refer to it, which shall be included in the above-mentioned consolidated financial statements. </p><p>At the request of the Council for the Economy, or of the Secretariat for the Economy, or of the Heads of the Entities and Administrations, it shall conduct audits on particular situations related to: </p> <ol><li>anomalies in the use or allocation of financial or material resources;</li> <li>irregularities in the granting of contracts or in the conduct of transactions or disposals; and</li> <li>acts of corruption or fraud.</li></ol> <p>The same audits may be initiated autonomously by the Auditor General, who shall inform the Cardinal Coordinator of the Council for the Economy in advance, stating the reasons for the audit. The current Auditor-General is Dr. Alessandro Cassinis Righini. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Commission_for_Confidential_Matters">Commission for Confidential Matters</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Roman_Curia&action=edit&section=72" title="Edit section: Commission for Confidential Matters"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Commission for Confidential Matters is responsible to: </p> <ol><li>authorize any act of a juridical, economic, or financial nature which, for the greater good of the Church or persons, must be covered by secrecy and removed from the control and supervision of the competent bodies.</li> <li>monitor and oversee Holy See contracts that require confidentiality under the law.</li></ol> <p>The commission, according to its own statute, is composed of several Members appointed for five years by the Roman Pontiff. The current president is <a href="/wiki/Kevin_Farrell" title="Kevin Farrell">Kevin Joseph Cardinal Farrell</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Committee_for_Investments">Committee for Investments</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Roman_Curia&action=edit&section=73" title="Edit section: Committee for Investments"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Investment Committee, a consultative body, is responsible for ensuring the ethical nature of the Holy See's investments in movable assets according to the Church's social doctrine and, at the same time, their profitability, adequacy and risk. The committee is composed, according to its own statute, of members and of high-profile professionals appointed for five years by the Roman Pontiff. The current president is <a href="/wiki/Kevin_Farrell" title="Kevin Farrell">Kevin Joseph Cardinal Farrell</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Offices">Offices</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Roman_Curia&action=edit&section=74" title="Edit section: Offices"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><i>Praedicate evangelium</i> reorganized the Offices of the Roman Curia, comprising three main bodies. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Prefecture_of_the_Papal_Household">Prefecture of the Papal Household</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Roman_Curia&action=edit&section=75" title="Edit section: Prefecture of the Papal Household"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Prefecture_of_the_Papal_Household" title="Prefecture of the Papal Household">Prefecture of the Papal Household</a></div> <p>The Prefecture is responsible for internal order in the Pontifical Household and directs, with regard to discipline and service, all those who constitute the Chapel and the Pontifical Family. It is headed by a prefect, assisted by the Regent, appointed for five years by the Roman Pontiff. </p><p>The Prefecture of the Papal Household is responsible for the organization and conduct of pontifical ceremonies, excluding the strictly liturgical part, and establishes the order of precedence. It is his duty to order the service of the <a href="/wiki/Antechamber" class="mw-redirect" title="Antechamber">antechamber</a> and to arrange for public, special and private audiences of the Roman Pontiff and visits to persons, in consultation, as often as circumstances require, with the Secretariat of State. He arranges everything that must be done when heads of state, heads of government, ministers of states, public authorities and other eminent persons, as well as Ambassadors, are received in solemn audience by the Pope himself. </p><p>It deals with all that is related to the Spiritual Exercises of the Roman Pontiff, the College of Cardinals and the Roman Curia. It is the responsibility of the Prefecture to make preparations whenever the Roman Pontiff visits Vatican territory, Rome or travels in Italy. The prefect assists him only on the occasion of meetings and visits in Vatican territory. The office of prefect is currently vacant, after <a href="/wiki/Georg_G%C3%A4nswein" title="Georg Gänswein">Archbishop Georg Gänswein</a> concluded his service of 28 February 2023. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Office_for_the_Liturgical_Celebrations_of_the_Supreme_Pontiff">Office for the Liturgical Celebrations of the Supreme Pontiff</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Roman_Curia&action=edit&section=76" title="Edit section: Office for the Liturgical Celebrations of the Supreme Pontiff"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Office_for_the_Liturgical_Celebrations_of_the_Supreme_Pontiff" title="Office for the Liturgical Celebrations of the Supreme Pontiff">Office for the Liturgical Celebrations of the Supreme Pontiff</a></div> <p>It is the responsibility of the Office for the Liturgical Celebrations of the Supreme Pontiff to prepare all that is necessary for liturgical celebrations and other sacred celebrations in the Vatican at which the Roman Pontiff, or – in his name or by his mandate – a Cardinal or Prelate, presides, participates or assists, and to direct them in accordance with the liturgical prescriptions in force, preparing all that is necessary or useful for their worthy conduct and for the active participation of the faithful. The Office shall also take care of the preparation and conduct of all the papal liturgical celebrations taking place during the pastoral visits of the Roman Pontiff on his apostolic journeys. </p><p>The Office is headed by the Master of Papal Liturgical Celebrations, appointed for five years by the Roman Pontiff. He is assisted in sacred celebrations by the Pontifical Masters of Ceremonies, appointed for five years by the Roman Pontiff. The Master of Papal Liturgical Celebrations is also responsible for the Papal Sacristy and the Chapels of the Apostolic Palace. The current Master of Papal Liturgical Celebrations is <a href="/wiki/Diego_Giovanni_Ravelli" class="mw-redirect" title="Diego Giovanni Ravelli">Monsignor Diego Giovanni Ravelli</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Pontifical_Musical_Chorus_of_the_Sistine_Chapel">Pontifical Musical Chorus of the Sistine Chapel</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Roman_Curia&action=edit&section=77" title="Edit section: Pontifical Musical Chorus of the Sistine Chapel"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Pontifical Musical Chorus of the Sistine Chapel is responsible for the task of guiding all the liturgical, pastoral, spiritual, artistic and educational activities and areas of the same chapel, which is included in the office as a specific place of service to the papal liturgical functions and at the same time for the custody and promotion of the prestigious artistic-musical heritage produced over the centuries by the chapel itself for the solemn liturgies of the popes. The head of Pontifical Musical Chorus of the Sistine Chapel is the <i>ex officio</i> master of papal liturgical celebrations. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Apostolic_Camera">Apostolic Camera</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Roman_Curia&action=edit&section=78" title="Edit section: Apostolic Camera"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Apostolic_Camera" title="Apostolic Camera">Apostolic Camera</a></div> <p>The Cardinal Camerlengo of Holy Roman Church carries out the functions assigned to him by the special law concerning the vacant Apostolic See and the election of the Roman Pontiff. The Cardinal Camerlengo of Holy Roman Church and the Vice Camerlengo are appointed by the Roman Pontiff. </p><p>The task of caring for and administering the goods and temporal rights of the Apostolic See during the time it is vacant is entrusted to the Cardinal Camerlengo of Holy Roman Church. Should he be impeded, the function will be assumed by the Vice Camerlengo. When the Apostolic See is vacant, it is the right and duty of the Cardinal Camerlengo of Holy Roman Church: </p> <ol><li>to request from all the Administrations dependent on the Holy See reports on their patrimonial and economic status, as well as information on extraordinary affairs in progress;</li> <li>to request from the Council for the Economy the preventive and consolidated budgets from the Holy See for the previous year, as well as the budget for the following year;</li> <li>to request, to the extent necessary, from the Secretariat for the Economy any information on the economic state of the Holy See.</li></ol> <p>The current Camerlengo of Holy Roman Church is <a href="/wiki/Kevin_Farrell" title="Kevin Farrell">Kevin Joseph Cardinal Farrell</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Institutions_connected_with_the_Holy_See">Institutions connected with the Holy See</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Roman_Curia&action=edit&section=79" title="Edit section: Institutions connected with the Holy See"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>There are some institutes, both of ancient origin and of new constitution, which, although not properly part of the Roman Curia and having their own juridical personality, nevertheless provide various services necessary or useful to the Roman Pontiff himself, to the Roman Curia and to the universal Church, and are in some way connected with the Curia itself. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Labour_Office_of_the_Apostolic_See">Labour Office of the Apostolic See</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Roman_Curia&action=edit&section=80" title="Edit section: Labour Office of the Apostolic See"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The <a href="/wiki/Labour_Office_of_the_Apostolic_See" title="Labour Office of the Apostolic See">Labour Office of the Apostolic See</a> is responsible for labor relations of the Holy See with its employees. The office also settles labor issues which arise. It was instituted by Pope John Paul II on 1 January 1989 by an apostolic letter in the form of a motu proprio. The activity of the Office relates to the labour, in all its forms and expressions, provided by personnel in the employ of the Roman Curia, of the Governorate of the Vatican City State, and of the Bodies or Institutions administratively managed directly by the Apostolic See.<sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The current president is <a href="/wiki/Giuseppe_Sciacca" title="Giuseppe Sciacca">Bishop Giuseppe Sciacca</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Vatican_Apostolic_Archives">Vatican Apostolic Archives</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Roman_Curia&action=edit&section=81" title="Edit section: Vatican Apostolic Archives"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The <a href="/wiki/Vatican_Apostolic_Archive" title="Vatican Apostolic Archive">Vatican Apostolic Archives</a> is the institute that carries out its specific activity of safeguarding and enhancing the value of the acts and documents that concern the government of the universal Church, so that they may be available first of all to the Holy See and the Roman Curia in the performance of their activities and, secondly, by pontifical concession, they may represent for all scholars, without distinction of country or religion, sources for the knowledge, even secular, of the events that over time have been closely connected with the life of the Church. The current Archivist is <a href="/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_Tolentino_de_Mendon%C3%A7a" title="José Tolentino de Mendonça">José Tolentino Cardinal de Mendonça</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Vatican_Apostolic_Library">Vatican Apostolic Library</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Roman_Curia&action=edit&section=82" title="Edit section: Vatican Apostolic Library"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>An institution of ancient origin, the <a href="/wiki/Vatican_Library" title="Vatican Library">Vatican Library</a> is a distinguished instrument of the Church for the development and dissemination of culture, in support of the activities of the Apostolic See. It has the task, through its various sections, of collecting and preserving an extremely rich patrimony of science and art and of making it available to scholars. The current librarian is <a href="/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_Tolentino_de_Mendon%C3%A7a" title="José Tolentino de Mendonça">José Tolentino Cardinal de Mendonça</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Fabric_of_Saint_Peter">Fabric of Saint Peter</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Roman_Curia&action=edit&section=83" title="Edit section: Fabric of Saint Peter"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The <a href="/wiki/Fabric_of_Saint_Peter" title="Fabric of Saint Peter">Fabric of Saint Peter</a> is responsible for all matters pertaining to the Papal Basilica of Saint Peter's, which houses the memory of the martyrdom and the tomb of the Apostle, both for the preservation and decorum of the building and for the internal discipline of the custodians and of pilgrims and visitors, according to its own norms. In necessary cases, the president and the secretary of the Fabric act in agreement with the Chapter of the Basilica itself. The current president is <a href="/wiki/Mauro_Gambetti" title="Mauro Gambetti">Mauro Cardinal Gambetti</a>, O.F.M. Conv. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Pontifical_Commission_for_Sacred_Archaeology">Pontifical Commission for Sacred Archaeology</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Roman_Curia&action=edit&section=84" title="Edit section: Pontifical Commission for Sacred Archaeology"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Pontifical Commission for Sacred Archaeology has the task of studying, preserving, protecting and enhancing the Christian catacombs of Italy, in which the testimonies of faith and art of the first Christian communities continue to transmit their profound message to pilgrims and visitors. The current president is <a href="/wiki/Gianfranco_Ravasi" title="Gianfranco Ravasi">Gianfranco Cardinal Ravasi</a>. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Good_shepherd_02b_close.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Good_shepherd_02b_close.jpg/250px-Good_shepherd_02b_close.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="255" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Good_shepherd_02b_close.jpg/330px-Good_shepherd_02b_close.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Good_shepherd_02b_close.jpg/340px-Good_shepherd_02b_close.jpg 2x" data-file-width="379" data-file-height="568" /></a><figcaption>Good Shepherd fresco from the <a href="/wiki/Catacombs_of_San_Callisto" class="mw-redirect" title="Catacombs of San Callisto">Catacombs of San Callisto</a> under the care of the Pontifical Commission for Sacred Archeology</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Pontifical_Academies_2">Pontifical Academies</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Roman_Curia&action=edit&section=85" title="Edit section: Pontifical Academies"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>For the search for and dissemination of truth in the various fields of divine and human science, several Academies have arisen within the Catholic Church, among which the <a href="/wiki/Pontifical_Academy_of_Sciences" title="Pontifical Academy of Sciences">Pontifical Academy of Sciences</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Pontifical_Academy_of_Social_Sciences" title="Pontifical Academy of Social Sciences">Pontifical Academy of Social Sciences</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Pontifical_Academy_for_Life" title="Pontifical Academy for Life">Pontifical Academy for Life</a> stand out. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Agency_for_the_Evaluation_and_Promotion_of_Quality_in_Ecclesiastical_Faculties">Agency for the Evaluation and Promotion of Quality in Ecclesiastical Faculties</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Roman_Curia&action=edit&section=86" title="Edit section: Agency for the Evaluation and Promotion of Quality in Ecclesiastical Faculties"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In order to promote and develop a culture of quality within the academic institutions directly dependent on the Holy See and to assure them internationally valid criteria of quality, the Agency for the Evaluation and Promotion of Quality in Ecclesiastical Faculties is established. The current president is Father Andrzej Stefan Wodka, C.Ss.R. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Supervisory_and_Financial_Information_Authority">Supervisory and Financial Information Authority</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Roman_Curia&action=edit&section=87" title="Edit section: Supervisory and Financial Information Authority"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The <a href="/wiki/Supervisory_and_Financial_Information_Authority_(Vatican_City)" title="Supervisory and Financial Information Authority (Vatican City)">Supervisory and Financial Information Authority</a> is the institution which, in the manner provided for by law and by its own Statute, performs the functions of: supervision for the purposes of preventing and combating money laundering and the financing of terrorism with respect to entities and subjects subjected to its supervision; prudential supervision of entities that professionally carry out activities of a financial nature; prudential regulation of entities that professionally carry out activities of a financial nature and, in the cases provided for by law, in matters concerning the prevention of and fight against money laundering and terrorist financing. In this capacity it also carries out the financial information function. The current president is Dr. Carmelo Barbagallo. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Domus_Vaticanae">Domus Vaticanae</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Roman_Curia&action=edit&section=88" title="Edit section: Domus Vaticanae"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Domus Vaticanae is a merger of the four foundations dedicated to hospitality in the Vatican. It has merged the <i><a href="/wiki/Domus_Sanctae_Marthae" title="Domus Sanctae Marthae">Domus Sanctae Marthae</a></i>, <i>Domus Romana Sacerdotalis</i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Domus_Internationalis_Paulus_VI" title="Domus Internationalis Paulus VI">Domus Internationalis Paulus VI</a></i>, and <i>Casa San Benedetto</i> foundations into the new institution, which the pope established as a public canonical juridic person based in the Vatican City State.<sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>It pursues the hospitality goals of the merged foundations with each having its own purpose: </p> <ul><li><i>Domus Sanctae Marthae</i>, also known as the Casa Santa Marta or St. Martha's House, is a guest house adjacent to St. Peter's Basilica that accommodates clergy visiting the Vatican, as well as cardinals taking part in papal conclaves. This is the current residence of Pope Francis.</li> <li><i>Domus Romana Sacerdotalis</i> and <i>Domus Internationalis Paulus VI</i>, offering hospitality to clergy assigned to the diplomatic service of the Holy See or working in the Roman Curia, as well as priests, bishops, and cardinals visiting Rome.</li> <li><i>Casa San Benedetto</i> provides accommodation for retired Vatican diplomatic personnel.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Interdicasterial_commissions">Interdicasterial commissions</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Roman_Curia&action=edit&section=89" title="Edit section: Interdicasterial commissions"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>An interdicasterial commission is established to deal with matters involving the works of several institutions and dicasteries of the Roman Curia. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Interdicasterial_Commission_on_Particular_Churches">Interdicasterial Commission on Particular Churches</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Roman_Curia&action=edit&section=90" title="Edit section: Interdicasterial Commission on Particular Churches"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Permanent Interdicasterial Commission on Particular Churches is responsible for managing and taking care of the relationship and communication between the <a href="/wiki/Latin_Church" title="Latin Church">Latin Church</a> and the Eastern Catholic Churches. The president of the commission is the <i>ex officio</i> secretary of the state. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Interdicasterial_Commission_for_the_Church_in_Eastern_Europe">Interdicasterial Commission for the Church in Eastern Europe</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Roman_Curia&action=edit&section=91" title="Edit section: Interdicasterial Commission for the Church in Eastern Europe"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Permanent Interdicasterial Commission for the Church in Eastern Europe is responsible to better deal with the rapidly changing situations in the early 1990s on Eastern Europe. The president of the commission is the <i>ex officio</i> secretary of the state. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Interdicasterial_Commission_for_Consecrated_Religious">Interdicasterial Commission for Consecrated Religious</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Roman_Curia&action=edit&section=92" title="Edit section: Interdicasterial Commission for Consecrated Religious"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Permanent Interdicasterial Commission for Consecrated Religious is responsible to better handle consecrated religious in missionary areas, mostly in Africa and Asia. The president of the commission is the <i>ex officio</i> Pro-prefect for the Section of First Evangelization of the Dicastery for Evangelization. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Interdicasterial_Commission_for_Candidates_to_Sacred_Order_2">Interdicasterial Commission for Candidates to Sacred Order</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Roman_Curia&action=edit&section=93" title="Edit section: Interdicasterial Commission for Candidates to Sacred Order"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Permanent Interdicasterial Commission for Candidates to Sacred Order is responsible for the selection of candidates for Holy Orders, including their human, spiritual, doctrinal and pastoral training in seminaries. The president of the commission is the <i>ex officio</i> prefect of the Dicastery for the Clergy. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Interdicasterial_Commission_for_the_Revision_of_the_General_Regulations_of_the_Roman_Curia">Interdicasterial Commission for the Revision of the General Regulations of the Roman Curia</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Roman_Curia&action=edit&section=94" title="Edit section: Interdicasterial Commission for the Revision of the General Regulations of the Roman Curia"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Interdicasterial Commission for the Revision of the General Regulations of the Roman Curia is a temporary commission with the goal of preparing the implementation of the norms related to the new Apostolic Constitution <i>Praedicate evangelium</i>, which was made public on 19 March 2022 and took effect on 5 June 2022.<sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The president of the commission is <a href="/wiki/Filippo_Iannone" title="Filippo Iannone">Archbishop Filippo Iannone</a>, O. Carm. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Other_commissions_and_committees">Other commissions and committees</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Roman_Curia&action=edit&section=95" title="Edit section: Other commissions and committees"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Pontifical_Committee_for_International_Eucharistic_Congresses">Pontifical Committee for International Eucharistic Congresses</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Roman_Curia&action=edit&section=96" title="Edit section: Pontifical Committee for International Eucharistic Congresses"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The <a href="/wiki/Pontifical_Committee_for_International_Eucharistic_Congresses" title="Pontifical Committee for International Eucharistic Congresses">Pontifical Committee for International Eucharistic Congresses</a> is responsible "to make ever better known, loved and served, Our Lord Jesus Christ in his Eucharistic Mystery, as centre of the life of the Church and of its mission for the salvation of the world" through the celebration of International Eucharistic Congresses. It also ensures the adequate pastoral preparation of these International Eucharistic Congresses and requests the Episcopal Conferences and Patriarchal Synods to appoint National Delegates, who will be committed to work for the preparation of the Congresses and, where necessary, set up National Eucharistic Committees with the approval and collaboration of the local ecclesiastical authority. The current president is Father Corrado Maggioni, S.M.M. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Pontifical_Committee_for_Historical_Sciences">Pontifical Committee for Historical Sciences</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Roman_Curia&action=edit&section=97" title="Edit section: Pontifical Committee for Historical Sciences"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The <a href="/wiki/Pontifical_Committee_for_Historical_Sciences" title="Pontifical Committee for Historical Sciences">Pontifical Committee for Historical Sciences</a> is charged with promoting the use of ecclesiastical archives for historical research and fostering cooperation with ecclesiastical and extra-ecclesial institutions and associations, particularly at the international level. It sponsors seminars and conferences, both independently and in concert with peer organizations; reviews the historical data presented in the <a href="/wiki/Annuario_Pontificio" title="Annuario Pontificio">Pontifical Yearbook</a>; collaborates with multinational scientific initiatives (UNESCO); and sponsors internships for the study of Latin and Greek. The current president is Father Bernard Ardura, O. Praem. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Commission_for_Advocates">Commission for Advocates</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Roman_Curia&action=edit&section=98" title="Edit section: Commission for Advocates"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The body called "Advocates of the Holy See" is composed mainly of advocates listed in the roster of advocates, and its members are able to undertake the representation of cases in civil or ecclesiastical tribunals in the name of the Holy See or the dicasteries of the Roman Curia.<sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The president of the commission is the <i>ex officio</i> prefect of the Supreme Tribunal of the Apostolic Signatura. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Pontifical_Swiss_Guards">Pontifical Swiss Guards</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Roman_Curia&action=edit&section=99" title="Edit section: Pontifical Swiss Guards"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div><p> The <a href="/wiki/Pontifical_Swiss_Guards" class="mw-redirect" title="Pontifical Swiss Guards">Pontifical Swiss Guards</a> is a minor armed force and honour guard unit maintained by the Holy See that protects the pope and the Apostolic Palace within the territory of the Vatican City. Established in 1506 under Pope Julius II, the Pontifical Swiss Guard is among the oldest military units in continuous operation.</p><figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:SwissGuardsatPrefettura.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/SwissGuardsatPrefettura.jpg/250px-SwissGuardsatPrefettura.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="205" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/SwissGuardsatPrefettura.jpg/330px-SwissGuardsatPrefettura.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/SwissGuardsatPrefettura.jpg/500px-SwissGuardsatPrefettura.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1355" data-file-height="1260" /></a><figcaption>Members of the Pontifical Swiss Guard at the <i>Prefettura della casa pontificia</i> in Vatican City.</figcaption></figure><p>They serve as personal escorts to the pontiff and as watchmen for Vatican City and the pontifical villa of Castel Gandolfo. The guards, who are independent of the Swiss armed forces, are employed by the Catholic Church under the leadership of the pope, to whom they swear fealty in a ceremony at Belvedere Court. </p><p>The current Commander is Colonel Christoph Graf. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Disciplinary_Commission_of_the_Roman_Curia">Disciplinary Commission of the Roman Curia</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Roman_Curia&action=edit&section=100" title="Edit section: Disciplinary Commission of the Roman Curia"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Established by John Paul II in 1981, the Disciplinary Commission of the Roman Curia rules whether an administrative sanction – i.e., suspension or firing – can be imposed on a Roman Curia official is pertinent or not. The current president is Prof. Vincenzo Buonomo.<sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Financial_Security_Committee">Financial Security Committee</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Roman_Curia&action=edit&section=101" title="Edit section: Financial Security Committee"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Financial Security Committee is established for the purpose of coordinating the competent authorities of the Holy See and of Vatican City State for the prevention and countering of money laundering, the financing of terrorism and the proliferation of weapons of mass destruction.<sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Commission_of_Cardinals_overseeing_the_Institute_for_Works_of_Religion">Commission of Cardinals overseeing the Institute for Works of Religion</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Roman_Curia&action=edit&section=102" title="Edit section: Commission of Cardinals overseeing the Institute for Works of Religion"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Commission of Cardinals overseeing the <a href="/wiki/Institute_for_the_Works_of_Religion" title="Institute for the Works of Religion">Institute for Works of Religion</a> is a body composed of a president and four member cardinals that oversees the Institute for Works of Religion, commonly known as the Vatican Bank, a financial institution situated inside Vatican City and run by a Board of Superintendence which reports to a Commission of Cardinals and the Pope. It is not a private bank, as there are no owners or shareholders, but it has been established in the form of a juridical canonical foundation, pursuant to its Statutes.<sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The current president of the commission is <a href="/wiki/Santos_Abril_y_Castell%C3%B3" title="Santos Abril y Castelló">Santos Cardinal Abril y Castelló</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Pontifical_Commission_for_the_Activities_of_Public_Juridical_Persons_of_the_Church_in_the_Healthcare_Sector">Pontifical Commission for the Activities of Public Juridical Persons of the Church in the Healthcare Sector</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Roman_Curia&action=edit&section=103" title="Edit section: Pontifical Commission for the Activities of Public Juridical Persons of the Church in the Healthcare Sector"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Pontifical Commission for the Activities of Public Juridical Persons of the Church in the Healthcare Sector was designed as an organ of the Roman Curia, attached to the Secretariat of State and its regulations with the responsibility to control and supervise how the health facilities managed by religious congregations manage money and assets and to stay true to their founding mission and spirit.<sup id="cite_ref-42" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The current president of the commission is <a href="/wiki/Pietro_Parolin" title="Pietro Parolin">Pietro Cardinal Parolin</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Pontifical_Commission_for_the_Verification_and_Application_of_Mitis_Iudex_in_the_Churches_of_Italy">Pontifical Commission for the Verification and Application of <i>Mitis Iudex</i> in the Churches of Italy</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Roman_Curia&action=edit&section=104" title="Edit section: Pontifical Commission for the Verification and Application of Mitis Iudex in the Churches of Italy"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Pontifical Commission for the Verification and Application of <i>Mitis Iudex</i> in the Churches of Italy directly support the Churches that are in Italy in receiving the reform of the canonical process for the cases of declaration of nullity of marriage, giving new impetus to the application of the motu proprio <i>Mitis Iudex</i>. A declaration of nullity – often referred to as an "annulment" – is a ruling by a tribunal that a marriage did not meet the conditions required to make it valid according to Church law. </p><p><i>Mitis Iudex Dominus Iesus</i>, issued in 2015, made changes to canon law intended to streamline the process by which Church tribunals assess requests for declarations of the nullity of marriages. The text also emphasized the local bishop's role in the process.<sup id="cite_ref-43" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The current president is Monsignor Alejandro Arellano Cedillo, C.O.R.C. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Holy_See_Agency_for_the_Evaluation_and_Promotion_of_the_Quality_of_Ecclesiastical_Universities_and_Faculties_(AVEPRO)"><span id="Holy_See_Agency_for_the_Evaluation_and_Promotion_of_the_Quality_of_Ecclesiastical_Universities_and_Faculties_.28AVEPRO.29"></span>Holy See Agency for the Evaluation and Promotion of the Quality of Ecclesiastical Universities and Faculties (AVEPRO)</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Roman_Curia&action=edit&section=105" title="Edit section: Holy See Agency for the Evaluation and Promotion of the Quality of Ecclesiastical Universities and Faculties (AVEPRO)"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Agency of the Holy See for the Evaluation and Promotion of Quality in Ecclesiastical Universities and Faculties (AVEPRO; Agenzia della Santa Sede per la Valutazione e la Promozione della Qualità delle Università e Facoltà Ecclesiastiche) was established by Pope Benedict XVI on September 19, 2007. It aims to enhance quality within academic institutions tied to the Holy See, aligning with international standards. This initiative was partly inspired by the Holy See's involvement in the Bologna Process in 2003, aiming to respect the diversity of university systems, promote a common higher education area, and emphasize quality in university research and innovation. AVEPRO's work is guided by the Apostolic Constitution Sapientia Christiana and adheres to European and international quality evaluation standards. The agency supports academic institutions in internal and external quality evaluations, collaborating with various stakeholders in ecclesiastical education. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Order_of_the_Holy_Sepulchre">Order of the Holy Sepulchre</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Roman_Curia&action=edit&section=106" title="Edit section: Order of the Holy Sepulchre"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The <a href="/wiki/Order_of_the_Holy_Sepulchre" title="Order of the Holy Sepulchre">Pontifical Order of the Holy Sepulchre of Jerusalem</a> is a Catholic chivalric order that is under the direct protection of the Holy See and is represented in 40 countries. The Order of Knights was founded in the pilgrimage movement of the Middle Ages and was established in 1868 as a Catholic lay order to support the Latin Patriarchate of Jerusalem. Today, around 30,000 priests and laymen, men and women belong to it. </p><p>The mission of the order, which was recognised by the Vatican for its commitment to the Christian presence in Jerusalem, has evolved over the centuries. Today, the Order focuses on providing financial, spiritual and moral support to the Latin Patriarchate of Jerusalem and assists in the preservation and support of Christian sites, institutions and communities in the Holy Land. Membership of the Order is considered a very high honour and is bestowed on lay people, clergy and knights who have rendered exemplary service to the Catholic Church, particularly through initiatives that contribute to the preservation of the Christian faith in Jerusalem and the surrounding area. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Fondazione_Centesimus_Annus_pro_pontifice">Fondazione Centesimus Annus pro pontifice</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Roman_Curia&action=edit&section=107" title="Edit section: Fondazione Centesimus Annus pro pontifice"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Fondazione Centesimus Annus Pro Pontifice (FCAPP) is a Catholic Vatican foundation that was established in 1993 by <a href="/wiki/Pope_John_Paul_II" title="Pope John Paul II">Pope John Paul II</a> together with 40 entrepreneurs. It is named after his encyclical "<a href="/wiki/Centesimus_Annus" class="mw-redirect" title="Centesimus Annus">Centesimus Annus</a>", which was published in 1991 on the centenary of <a href="/wiki/Pope_Leo_XIII" title="Pope Leo XIII">Pope Leo XIII</a>'s encyclical "<a href="/wiki/Rerum_Novarum" class="mw-redirect" title="Rerum Novarum">Rerum Novarum</a>" and dealt with issues of labour, the economy and social justice. The aim of the foundation is to promote discussion of the <a href="/wiki/Catholic_social_teaching" title="Catholic social teaching">social doctrine</a> of the Catholic Church as formulated in "Centesimus Annus" and later teachings. The FCAPP focuses on promoting discussion and research on the relationship between ethics and economics and organises conferences, seminars and workshops for business leaders, academics and other stakeholders to explore these issues. Through its activities, the foundation is committed to contributing as a think tank to the development of a more just and equitable society in line with Catholic social teaching. The foundation is based in San Damaso in the <a href="/wiki/Secretariat_of_State_(Holy_See)" title="Secretariat of State (Holy See)">Vatican Secretariat of State</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Roman_Curia&action=edit&section=108" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1266661725">.mw-parser-output .portalbox{padding:0;margin:0.5em 0;display:table;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:175px;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portalborder{border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);padding:0.1em;background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa)}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-entry{display:table-row;font-size:85%;line-height:110%;height:1.9em;font-style:italic;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-image{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-link{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em 0.2em 0.2em 0.3em;vertical-align:middle}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .portalleft{margin:0.5em 1em 0.5em 0}.mw-parser-output .portalright{clear:right;float:right;margin:0.5em 0 0.5em 1em}}</style><ul role="navigation" aria-label="Portals" class="noprint portalbox portalborder portalright"> <li class="portalbox-entry"><span class="portalbox-image"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:046CupolaSPietro.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/046CupolaSPietro.jpg/40px-046CupolaSPietro.jpg" decoding="async" width="32" height="24" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/046CupolaSPietro.jpg/60px-046CupolaSPietro.jpg 1.5x, 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title="Portal:Vatican City">Vatican City portal</a></span></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Papal_household" title="Papal household">Papal household</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anticurialism" title="Anticurialism">Anticurialism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Politics_of_Vatican_City" title="Politics of Vatican City">Politics of Vatican City</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pope_Paul_VI%27s_reform_of_the_Roman_Curia" title="Pope Paul VI's reform of the Roman Curia">Pope Paul VI's reform of the Roman Curia</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Pastor_bonus" title="Pastor bonus">Pastor bonus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Praedicate_evangelium" title="Praedicate evangelium">Praedicate evangelium</a></i></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Roman_Curia&action=edit&section=109" title="Edit section: Notes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">The Holy See is often referred to as "the Vatican", a word of <a href="/wiki/Metonymy" title="Metonymy">many meanings</a>, since it can refer to the geographical area, known by that name even before Christianity, to the residence of the pope, to the Holy See, and to the Vatican City State, which was created in 1929.</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Roman_Curia&action=edit&section=110" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626" /><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">O'Riordan, S, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/pdf/27658829.pdf">The Third Session</a>, <i>The Furrow</i>, Volume 15, No. 10 (October 1964), p. 622-623, accessed on 8 October 2024</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://press.vatican.va/content/salastampa/it/bollettino/pubblico/2022/03/19/0189/00404.html">"Costituzione Apostolica "Praedicate evangelium" sulla Curia Romana e il suo servizio alla Chiesa e al Mondo"</a>. <i>press.vatican.va</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">23 June</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=press.vatican.va&rft.atitle=Costituzione+Apostolica+%22Praedicate+evangelium%22+sulla+Curia+Romana+e+il+suo+servizio+alla+Chiesa+e+al+Mondo&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fpress.vatican.va%2Fcontent%2Fsalastampa%2Fit%2Fbollettino%2Fpubblico%2F2022%2F03%2F19%2F0189%2F00404.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARoman+Curia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">The approved English translation of the text is available as a <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.vatican.va/holy_father/john_paul_ii/apost_constitutions/documents/hf_jp-ii_apc_19880628_pastor-bonus-index_en.html">pdf download</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFGagliarducci2015" class="citation news cs1">Gagliarducci, Andrea (9 February 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.catholicnewsagency.com/news/31474/what-are-the-theological-criteria-to-reform-the-church-and-the-roman-curia">"What are the theological criteria to reform the Church and the Roman Curia?"</a>. Catholic News Agency<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">29 August</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=What+are+the+theological+criteria+to+reform+the+Church+and+the+Roman+Curia%3F&rft.date=2015-02-09&rft.aulast=Gagliarducci&rft.aufirst=Andrea&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.catholicnewsagency.com%2Fnews%2F31474%2Fwhat-are-the-theological-criteria-to-reform-the-church-and-the-roman-curia&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARoman+Curia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">McBrien, Robert P. (2000).<i>Lives of the Popes</i>. HarperCollins. ISBN 9780060653040. Page 182.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080612090947/http://members.shaw.ca/reformation/1534submissionclergy.htm">"The Submission of the Clergy and Restraint of Appeals, 1534"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://members.shaw.ca/reformation/1534submissionclergy.htm">the original</a> on 12 June 2008<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">26 July</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Submission+of+the+Clergy+and+Restraint+of+Appeals%2C+1534&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fmembers.shaw.ca%2Freformation%2F1534submissionclergy.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARoman+Curia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Annuario Pontificio 2012, p. 1377</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation encyclopaedia cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/507667/Roman-Curia">"Roman Curia – Encyclopædia Britannica"</a>. <i>Encyclopædia Britannica</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Holy See Press Office. 30 January 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">30 January</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Resignations+and+Appointments%2C+30.01.2023&rft.pub=Holy+See+Press+Office&rft.date=2023-01-30&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fpress.vatican.va%2Fcontent%2Fsalastampa%2Fen%2Fbollettino%2Fpubblico%2F2023%2F01%2F30%2F230130b.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARoman+Curia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.pillarcatholic.com/p/pope-francis-just-named-an-archbishop">"Pope Francis just named an archbishop 'ad personam.' What the heck is that?"</a>. 6 July 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Pope+Francis+just+named+an+archbishop+%27ad+personam.%27+What+the+heck+is+that%3F&rft.date=2021-07-06&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.pillarcatholic.com%2Fp%2Fpope-francis-just-named-an-archbishop&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARoman+Curia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">The title "Archbishop-Bishop emeritus" here reflects that while he himself is now an Archbishop "ad personam", Chiclayo remains a diocese whose regular ordinary is a bishop.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.serrainternational.org/our-mission">"Our Mission | Serra International"</a>. <i>serrainternational.org</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">25 June</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=vaticannews.va&rft.atitle=New+appointments+for+Healthcare+Commission+%E2%80%93+Vatican+News&rft.date=2020-06-16&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.vaticannews.va%2Fen%2Fvatican-city%2Fnews%2F2020-06%2Fnew-appointments-of-the-pontifical-commission-for-health-activit.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARoman+Curia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-43"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-43">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFPillar2021" class="citation web cs1">Pillar, The (29 November 2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.pillarcatholic.com/p/pope-francis-wants-to-study-italian">"Pope Francis wants to study Italian annulments. Here's why"</a>. <i>www.pillarcatholic.com</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">25 June</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.pillarcatholic.com&rft.atitle=Pope+Francis+wants+to+study+Italian+annulments.+Here%27s+why&rft.date=2021-11-29&rft.aulast=Pillar&rft.aufirst=The&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.pillarcatholic.com%2Fp%2Fpope-francis-wants-to-study-italian&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARoman+Curia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Roman_Curia&action=edit&section=111" title="Edit section: Further reading"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFBouix1859" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Bouix, Dominique (1859). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=-P_yssCGKtIC"><i>Tractatus de curia romana: seu de cardinalibus, romanis congregationibus, legatis, nuntiis, vicariis et protonotariis apostolicis</i></a> (in Latin). Paris: apud Jacobum Lecoffre et Socios.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Tractatus+de+curia+romana%3A+seu+de+cardinalibus%2C+romanis+congregationibus%2C+legatis%2C+nuntiis%2C+vicariis+et+protonotariis+apostolicis&rft.place=Paris&rft.pub=apud+Jacobum+Lecoffre+et+Socios&rft.date=1859&rft.aulast=Bouix&rft.aufirst=Dominique&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D-P_yssCGKtIC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARoman+Curia" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFDe_Luca1683" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">De Luca, Giovanni Battista (1683). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/bub_gb_ElcRN1KsnbgC"><i>Relatio Curiae Romanae</i></a> (in Latin). Cologne: Arnoldus Metternich.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Relatio+Curiae+Romanae&rft.place=Cologne&rft.pub=Arnoldus+Metternich&rft.date=1683&rft.aulast=De+Luca&rft.aufirst=Giovanni+Battista&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fbub_gb_ElcRN1KsnbgC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARoman+Curia" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFRusch1936" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Rusch, Borwin (1936). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=tqgsAAAAIAAJ"><i>Die Behörden und Hofbeamten der päpstlichen Kurie des 13. Jahrhunderts</i></a> (in German). Konigsberg: Ost-Europa-Verlag.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Die+Beh%C3%B6rden+und+Hofbeamten+der+p%C3%A4pstlichen+Kurie+des+13.+Jahrhunderts&rft.place=Konigsberg&rft.pub=Ost-Europa-Verlag&rft.date=1936&rft.aulast=Rusch&rft.aufirst=Borwin&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DtqgsAAAAIAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARoman+Curia" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFGrimaldi1890" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Grimaldi, Félix (1890). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=8oHCUkCBsNgC&pg=PR1"><i>Les congrégations romaines guide: historique et pratique</i></a> (in French). Siena: Imprimerie San Bernardino.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Les+congr%C3%A9gations+romaines+guide%3A+historique+et+pratique&rft.place=Siena&rft.pub=Imprimerie+San+Bernardino&rft.date=1890&rft.aulast=Grimaldi&rft.aufirst=F%C3%A9lix&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D8oHCUkCBsNgC%26pg%3DPR1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARoman+Curia" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFMartin1913" class="citation book cs1">Martin, Michael (1913). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/romancuriaasitn01martgoog"><i>The Roman Curia as it Now Exists: An Account of Its Departments: Sacred Congregations, Tribunals, Offices; Competence of Each; Mode of Procedure; how to Hold Communication With: the Latest Legislation</i></a>. New York: Benziger. p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/romancuriaasitn01martgoog/page/n431">427</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Roman+Curia+as+it+Now+Exists%3A+An+Account+of+Its+Departments%3A+Sacred+Congregations%2C+Tribunals%2C+Offices%3B+Competence+of+Each%3B+Mode+of+Procedure%3B+how+to+Hold+Communication+With%3A+the+Latest+Legislation&rft.place=New+York&rft.pages=427&rft.pub=Benziger&rft.date=1913&rft.aulast=Martin&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fromancuriaasitn01martgoog&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARoman+Curia" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/bub_gb_mjxh1Im7VjoC"><i>Pratica della curia romana che comprende la giurisdizione de' tribunali di Roma, e dello stato; e l'ordine giudiziario, che in essi si osserva. Con una raccolta di costituzioni, editti, riforme, regiudicate, decreti &c</i></a> (in Italian). Roma: nella stamperia di Giovanni Zempel. 1781. p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/bub_gb_mjxh1Im7VjoC/page/n281">256</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Pratica+della+curia+romana+che+comprende+la+giurisdizione+de%27+tribunali+di+Roma%2C+e+dello+stato%3B+e+l%27ordine+giudiziario%2C+che+in+essi+si+osserva.+Con+una+raccolta+di+costituzioni%2C+editti%2C+riforme%2C+regiudicate%2C+decreti+%26c.&rft.place=Roma&rft.pages=256&rft.pub=nella+stamperia+di+Giovanni+Zempel&rft.date=1781&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fbub_gb_mjxh1Im7VjoC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARoman+Curia" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFOjetti1913" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1">Ojetti, Benedetto (1913). <span class="cs1-ws-icon" title="s:Catholic Encyclopedia (1913)/Roman Curia"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Catholic_Encyclopedia_(1913)/Roman_Curia">"Roman Curia" </a></span>. <i><a href="/wiki/Catholic_Encyclopedia" title="Catholic Encyclopedia">Catholic Encyclopedia</a></i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Roman+Curia&rft.btitle=Catholic+Encyclopedia&rft.date=1913&rft.aulast=Ojetti&rft.aufirst=Benedetto&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARoman+Curia" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFBoudinhon1911" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1">Boudinhon, Auguste (1911). <span class="cs1-ws-icon" title="s:1911 Encyclopædia Britannica/Curia Romana"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/1911_Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica/Curia_Romana">"Curia Romana" </a></span>. <i><a href="/wiki/Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica_Eleventh_Edition" title="Encyclopædia Britannica Eleventh Edition">Encyclopædia Britannica</a></i> (11th ed.).</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Curia+Romana&rft.btitle=Encyclop%C3%A6dia+Britannica&rft.edition=11th&rft.date=1911&rft.aulast=Boudinhon&rft.aufirst=Auguste&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARoman+Curia" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Roman_Curia&action=edit&section=112" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid 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style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Section for General Affairs</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Section_for_Relations_with_States" title="Section for Relations with States">Section for Relations with States</a></li> <li>Secretary for Pontifical Representations</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:gold;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Dicastery" title="Dicastery">Dicasteries</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dicastery_for_Evangelization" title="Dicastery for Evangelization">Evangelization</a></li> <li><a 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href="/wiki/Dicastery_for_Institutes_of_Consecrated_Life_and_Societies_of_Apostolic_Life" title="Dicastery for Institutes of Consecrated Life and Societies of Apostolic Life">Consecrated Life and Societies of Apostolic Life</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dicastery_for_the_Laity,_Family_and_Life" title="Dicastery for the Laity, Family and Life">Laity, Family and Life</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dicastery_for_Promoting_Christian_Unity" title="Dicastery for Promoting Christian Unity">Christian Unity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dicastery_for_Interreligious_Dialogue" title="Dicastery for Interreligious Dialogue">Interreligious Dialogue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dicastery_for_Culture_and_Education" title="Dicastery for Culture and Education">Culture and Education</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dicastery_for_Promoting_Integral_Human_Development" title="Dicastery for Promoting Integral Human Development">Integral Human Development</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dicastery_for_Legislative_Texts" title="Dicastery for Legislative Texts">Legislative Texts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dicastery_for_Communications" class="mw-redirect" title="Dicastery for Communications">Communications</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:gold;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Tribunal" title="Tribunal">Tribunals</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Apostolic_Penitentiary" title="Apostolic Penitentiary">Apostolic Penitentiary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apostolic_Signatura" title="Apostolic Signatura">Apostolic Signatura</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roman_Rota" title="Roman Rota">Roman Rota</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:gold;width:1%">Economics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Council_for_the_Economy" class="mw-redirect" title="Council for the Economy">Council for the Economy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Secretariat_for_the_Economy" title="Secretariat for the Economy">Secretariat for the Economy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Administration_of_the_Patrimony_of_the_Apostolic_See" title="Administration of the Patrimony of the Apostolic See">Administration of the Patrimony of the Apostolic See</a></li> <li>Office of the Auditor General</li> <li>Commission for Confidential Matters</li> <li>Committee for Investments</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:gold;width:1%">Offices</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Prefecture_of_the_Papal_Household" title="Prefecture of the Papal Household">Prefecture of the Papal Household</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Office_for_the_Liturgical_Celebrations_of_the_Supreme_Pontiff" title="Office for the Liturgical Celebrations of the Supreme Pontiff">Office for the Liturgical Celebrations of the Supreme Pontiff</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apostolic_Camera" title="Apostolic Camera">Apostolic Camera</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Camerlengo_of_the_Holy_Roman_Church" title="Camerlengo of the Holy Roman Church">Camerlengo of the Holy Roman Church</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:gold;width:1%">Institutes</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Labour_Office_of_the_Apostolic_See" title="Labour Office of the Apostolic See">Labour Office of the Apostolic See</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vatican_Apostolic_Archives" class="mw-redirect" title="Vatican Apostolic Archives">Vatican Apostolic Archives</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vatican_Apostolic_Library" class="mw-redirect" title="Vatican Apostolic Library">Vatican Apostolic Library</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fabric_of_Saint_Peter" title="Fabric of Saint Peter">Fabric of Saint Peter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pontifical_Commission_for_Sacred_Archaeology" title="Pontifical Commission for Sacred Archaeology">Pontifical Commission for Sacred Archaeology</a></li> <li>AVEPRO</li> <li>Supervisory and Financial Information Authority</li> <li>Domus Vaticanae</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:gold;width:1%">Interdicasterial commissions</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Particular Churches</li> <li>Church in Eastern Europe</li> <li>Consecrated Religious</li> <li>Candidates to Sacred Order</li> <li>Revision of the General Regulations of the Roman Curia</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:gold;width:1%">Commissions and committees</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pontifical_Committee_for_International_Eucharistic_Congresses" title="Pontifical Committee for International Eucharistic Congresses">International Eucharistic Congresses</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pontifical_Committee_for_Historical_Sciences" title="Pontifical Committee for Historical Sciences">Historical Sciences</a></li> <li>Advocates</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pontifical_Swiss_Guards" class="mw-redirect" title="Pontifical Swiss Guards">Swiss Guards</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Disciplinary_Commission_of_the_Roman_Curia" title="Disciplinary Commission of the Roman Curia">Disciplinary</a></li> <li>Financial Security</li> <li>Commission of Cardinals overseeing the Institute for Works of Religion</li> <li>Activities of Public Juridical Persons of the Church in the Healthcare Sector</li> <li>Verification and Application of Mitis Iudex in the Churches of Italy</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:gold;width:1%">Other organizations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:gold;width:1%">Councils, commissions, and offices</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dicastery_for_Evangelization" title="Dicastery for Evangelization">Evangelization</a> <ul><li>International Council for Catechesis</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dicastery_for_the_Doctrine_of_the_Faith" title="Dicastery for the Doctrine of the Faith">Doctrine of the Faith</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pontifical_Commission_for_the_Protection_of_Minors" title="Pontifical Commission for the Protection of Minors">Pontifical Commission for the Protection of Minors</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Theological_Commission" title="International Theological Commission">International Theological Commission</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pontifical_Biblical_Commission" title="Pontifical Biblical Commission">Pontifical Biblical Commission</a></li> <li>College for the review of appeals by clergy accused of delicta reservata</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dicastery_for_Bishops" title="Dicastery for Bishops">Bishops</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pontifical_Commission_for_Latin_America" title="Pontifical Commission for Latin America">Pontifical Commission for Latin America</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dicastery_for_the_Clergy" title="Dicastery for the Clergy">Clergy</a> <ul><li>Pontifical Work for Priestly Vocations</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dicastery_for_Promoting_Christian_Unity" title="Dicastery for Promoting Christian Unity">Christian Unity</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Commission_for_Religious_Relations_with_the_Jews" title="Commission for Religious Relations with the Jews">Commission for Religious Relations with the Jews</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dicastery_for_Interreligious_Dialogue" title="Dicastery for Interreligious Dialogue">Interreligious Dialogue</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Commission_for_Religious_Relations_with_Muslims" title="Commission for Religious Relations with Muslims">Commission for Religious Relations with Muslims</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dicastery_for_Culture_and_Education" title="Dicastery for Culture and Education">Culture and Education</a> <ul><li>Pontifical Work for Ecclesiastical Vocations</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dicastery_for_Communications" class="mw-redirect" title="Dicastery for Communications">Communications</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Vatican_Publishing_House" title="Vatican Publishing House">Vatican Publishing House</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vatican_Media" title="Vatican Media">Vatican Media</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vatican_Radio" title="Vatican Radio">Vatican Radio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/L%27Osservatore_Romano" title="L'Osservatore Romano">L'Osservatore Romano</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Press_Office_of_the_Holy_See" class="mw-redirect" title="Press Office of the Holy See">Press Office of the Holy See</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:gold;width:1%">Pontifical academies</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pontifical_Academy_of_Arcadia" title="Pontifical Academy of Arcadia">Arcadia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alphonsian_Academy" title="Alphonsian Academy">Alphonsian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pontifical_Ecclesiastical_Academy" title="Pontifical Ecclesiastical Academy">Ecclesiastical</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pontifical_Academy_of_Fine_Arts_and_Letters_of_the_Virtuosi_al_Pantheon" title="Pontifical Academy of Fine Arts and Letters of the Virtuosi al Pantheon">Fine Arts and Letters of the Virtuosi al Pantheon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pontifical_Academy_of_Sciences" title="Pontifical Academy of Sciences">Sciences</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pontifical_Academy_of_Theology" title="Pontifical Academy of Theology">Theology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pontifical_Academy_of_Archaeology" title="Pontifical Academy of Archaeology">Archaeology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pontifical_Academy_of_Martyrs" title="Pontifical Academy of Martyrs">Martyrs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pontifical_Academy_of_Saint_Thomas_Aquinas" title="Pontifical Academy of Saint Thomas Aquinas">Saint Thomas Aquinas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pontifical_Academy_of_the_Immaculate_Conception" title="Pontifical Academy of the Immaculate Conception">Immaculate Conception</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pontifical_Academy_of_Mary" title="Pontifical Academy of Mary">Mary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pontifical_Academy_for_Life" title="Pontifical Academy for Life">Life</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pontifical_Academy_of_Social_Sciences" title="Pontifical Academy of Social Sciences">Social Sciences</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pontifical_Academy_for_Latin" title="Pontifical Academy for Latin">Latin</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:gold;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Diocese_of_Rome" title="Diocese of Rome">Papal See of Rome</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Vicar General for the Vatican City State</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cardinal_Vicar" title="Cardinal Vicar">Vicar General for the Vicariate of Rome</a></li> <li>Auxiliary Bishops of the Vicariate of Rome</li> <li>Prelate Secretary of the Vicariate of Rome</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:gold;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Roman_Curia" title="History of the Roman Curia">History</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Roman_Inquisition" title="Roman Inquisition">Roman Inquisition</a> (16th century)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Immensa_Aeterni_Dei" class="mw-redirect" title="Immensa Aeterni Dei">Immensa Aeterni Dei</a></i> (1588)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pope_Paul_VI%27s_reform_of_the_Roman_Curia" title="Pope Paul VI's reform of the Roman Curia">Reform by Paul VI</a> (1967)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pastor_bonus" title="Pastor bonus">Reform by John Paul II</a> (1988)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Praedicate_evangelium" title="Praedicate evangelium">Reform by Francis</a> (2022)</li></ul> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Formerdicasteries21" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:gold;width:1%">Former<br />dicasteries</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Congregation_for_Borders" title="Congregation for Borders">Congregation for Borders</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Congregation_of_Ceremonies" title="Congregation of Ceremonies">Congregation of Ceremonies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Congregation_for_Catholic_Education" title="Congregation for Catholic Education">Congregation for Catholic Education</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Index_Librorum_Prohibitorum" title="Index Librorum Prohibitorum">Sacred Congregation of the Index</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Congregation_of_the_Vatican_Press" title="Congregation of the Vatican Press">Congregation of the Vatican Press</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sacra_Consulta" title="Sacra Consulta">Sacred Congregation of the <i>Consulta</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Congregation_for_Indulgences_and_Sacred_Relics" title="Congregation for Indulgences and Sacred Relics">Congregation for Indulgences and Sacred Relics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sacred_Congregation_of_Rites" title="Sacred Congregation of Rites">Congregation of Rites</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apostolic_Chancery" title="Apostolic Chancery">Apostolic Chancery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apostolic_Dataria" title="Apostolic Dataria">Apostolic Dataria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Office_of_Papal_Charities" class="mw-redirect" title="Office of Papal Charities">Office of Papal Charities</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Secretariate_of_Briefs_to_Princes_and_of_Latin_Letters" title="Secretariate of Briefs to Princes and of Latin Letters">Secretariate of Briefs to Princes and of Latin Letters</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Special_Administration_of_the_Holy_See" title="Special Administration of the Holy See">Special Administration of the Holy See</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pontifical_Commission_for_the_Cultural_Heritage_of_the_Church" title="Pontifical Commission for the Cultural Heritage of the Church">Pontifical Commission for the Cultural Heritage of the Church</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pontifical_Commission_Ecclesia_Dei" title="Pontifical Commission Ecclesia Dei">Pontifical Commission Ecclesia Dei</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pontifical_Council_for_Culture" title="Pontifical Council for Culture">Pontifical Council for Culture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pontifical_Council_for_Promoting_the_New_Evangelization" title="Pontifical Council for Promoting the New Evangelization">New Evangelization</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pontifical_Council_for_Social_Communications" title="Pontifical Council for Social Communications">Pontifical Council for Social Communications</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pontifical_Council_for_the_Family" title="Pontifical Council for the Family">Pontifical Council for the Family</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pontifical_Council_for_the_Laity" title="Pontifical Council for the Laity">Pontifical Council for the Laity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pontifical_Council_Cor_Unum" title="Pontifical Council Cor Unum"><i>Cor Unum</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pontifical_Council_for_Justice_and_Peace" title="Pontifical Council for Justice and Peace">Justice and Peace</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pontifical_Council_for_the_Pastoral_Care_of_Migrants_and_Itinerant_People" title="Pontifical Council for the Pastoral Care of Migrants and Itinerant People">Pastoral Care of Migrants and Itinerant People</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pontifical_Council_for_the_Pastoral_Care_of_Health_Care_Workers" title="Pontifical Council for the Pastoral Care of Health Care Workers">Pastoral Assistance to Health Care Workers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Congregation_for_the_Evangelization_of_Peoples" title="Congregation for the Evangelization of Peoples">Evangelization of Peoples</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pontifical_Council_for_Promoting_New_Evangelization" class="mw-redirect" title="Pontifical Council for Promoting New Evangelization">New Evangelization</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Congregation_for_Catholic_Education" title="Congregation for Catholic Education">Catholic Education</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pontifical_Council_for_Culture" title="Pontifical Council for Culture">Culture</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="background-color:gold"><div> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="flag" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/Flag_of_Vatican_City_%282023%E2%80%93present%29.svg/20px-Flag_of_Vatican_City_%282023%E2%80%93present%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/Flag_of_Vatican_City_%282023%E2%80%93present%29.svg/40px-Flag_of_Vatican_City_%282023%E2%80%93present%29.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="1000" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Vatican_City" title="Portal:Vatican City">Vatican City portal</a></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:046CupolaSPietro.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/046CupolaSPietro.jpg/20px-046CupolaSPietro.jpg" decoding="async" width="17" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/046CupolaSPietro.jpg/40px-046CupolaSPietro.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Catholicism" class="mw-redirect" title="Portal:Catholicism">Catholicism portal</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235" /></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Papacy666" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background-color:gold"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231" /><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Papacy" title="Template:Papacy"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Papacy" title="Template talk:Papacy"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Papacy" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Papacy"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Papacy666" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Pope" title="Pope">Papacy</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="background-color:gold"><div><a href="/wiki/Episcopal_polity" title="Episcopal polity">Episcopate</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Bishop_in_the_Catholic_Church" class="mw-redirect" title="Bishop in the Catholic Church">bishop</a> of <a href="/wiki/Holy_See" title="Holy See">Rome</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:gold;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Jurisdiction" title="Jurisdiction">Jurisdiction</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Holy_See(Full_communion)36" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:gold;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Holy_See" title="Holy See">Holy See</a><br />(<a href="/wiki/Full_communion" title="Full communion">Full communion</a>)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Pope" title="Pope">Pope</a> <a href="/wiki/Pope_Francis" title="Pope Francis">Francis</a></b> as <a href="/wiki/Bishop_in_the_Catholic_Church" class="mw-redirect" title="Bishop in the Catholic Church">bishop</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Diocese_of_Rome" title="Diocese of Rome">Diocese of Rome</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Papal_primacy" title="Papal primacy">Primacy</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_papal_primacy" title="History of papal primacy">History</a></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Vatican_City(index,_outline)110" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:gold;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Vatican_City" title="Vatican City">Vatican City</a><br />(<a href="/wiki/Index_of_Vatican_City%E2%80%93related_articles" title="Index of Vatican City–related articles">index</a>, <a href="/wiki/Outline_of_Vatican_City" title="Outline of Vatican City">outline</a>)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Enclaved" class="mw-redirect" title="Enclaved">Enclaved</a> in <a href="/wiki/Rome" title="Rome">Rome</a>, <a href="/wiki/Italy" title="Italy">Italy</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lateran_Treaty" title="Lateran Treaty">Lateran Treaty</a>, 1929</li></ul></li> <li>along with <a href="/wiki/Extraterritoriality" title="Extraterritoriality">extraterritorial</a> <a href="/wiki/Properties_of_the_Holy_See" title="Properties of the Holy See">properties of the Holy See</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:gold;width:1%">Headquarters</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Vatican_City" title="Vatican City">Vatican City</a>:</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apostolic_Palace" title="Apostolic Palace">Apostolic Palace</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Papal_apartments" title="Papal apartments">Papal apartments</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sistine_Chapel" title="Sistine Chapel">Sistine Chapel</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Italy" title="Italy">Italy</a>:</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Archbasilica_of_Saint_John_Lateran" title="Archbasilica of Saint John Lateran">Archbasilica of Saint John Lateran</a> (<a href="/wiki/Cathedra" title="Cathedra">cathedra</a>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:gold;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Major_basilica" class="mw-redirect" title="Major basilica">Major basilicas</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Archbasilica_of_Saint_John_Lateran" title="Archbasilica of Saint John Lateran">Archbasilica of Saint John Lateran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St._Peter%27s_Basilica" title="St. Peter's Basilica">St. Peter's Basilica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Basilica_di_Santa_Maria_Maggiore" class="mw-redirect" title="Basilica di Santa Maria Maggiore">Basilica of Saint Mary Major</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Basilica_of_Saint_Paul_Outside_the_Walls" title="Basilica of Saint Paul Outside the Walls">Basilica of Saint Paul Outside the Walls</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:gold;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Papal_titles" title="Papal titles">Titles</a><br /><small><a href="/wiki/Papal_name" title="Papal name">Papal names</a></small></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Holiness_(style)" title="Holiness (style)">His Holiness</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bishop_of_Rome" class="mw-redirect" title="Bishop of Rome">Bishop of Rome</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vicar_of_Christ" title="Vicar of Christ">Vicar of Jesus Christ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Successor_of_the_Prince_of_the_Apostles" class="mw-redirect" title="Successor of the Prince of the Apostles">Successor of the Prince of the Apostles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pontifex_maximus#Catholic_Church_use_of_the_title" title="Pontifex maximus">Supreme Pontiff of the Universal Church</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Patriarch_of_the_West" title="Patriarch of the West">Patriarch of the West</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Primate_of_Italy" class="mw-redirect" title="Primate of Italy">Primate of Italy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Archbishop_and_Metropolitan_of_the_Roman_Province" class="mw-redirect" title="Archbishop and Metropolitan of the Roman Province">Archbishop and Metropolitan of the Roman Province</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sovereign_of_the_Vatican_City_State" class="mw-redirect" title="Sovereign of the Vatican City State">Sovereign of the Vatican City State</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Servant_of_the_servants_of_God" title="Servant of the servants of God">Servant of the servants of God</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:gold;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Symbol" title="Symbol">Symbols</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Papal_coats_of_arms" title="Papal coats of arms">Coats of arms</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coat_of_arms_of_the_Holy_See" title="Coat of arms of the Holy See">Coat of arms of the Holy See</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Papal_cross" title="Papal cross">Cross</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Keys_of_Heaven" title="Keys of Heaven">Keys of Heaven</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Papal_regalia_and_insignia" title="Papal regalia and insignia">Regalia and insignia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rota_(papal_signature)" title="Rota (papal signature)">Rota</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Umbraculum" title="Umbraculum">Umbraculum</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:gold;width:1%">Proclamations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Papal_infallibility" title="Papal infallibility">Infallibility</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apostolic_constitution" title="Apostolic constitution">Apostolic constitution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Papal_bull" title="Papal bull">Bull</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_papal_bulls" title="List of papal bulls">List</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Encyclical" title="Encyclical">Encyclical</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apostolic_exhortation" title="Apostolic exhortation">Apostolic exhortation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ecclesiastical_letter" title="Ecclesiastical letter">Ecclesiastical letter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Interdict" title="Interdict">Interdict</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:gold;width:1%">Activities</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Papal_arbitration" title="Papal arbitration">Arbitration</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Papal_deposing_power" title="Papal deposing power">Deposition</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apostolic_blessing" title="Apostolic blessing">Blessing</a> <ul><li>"<a href="/wiki/Episcopal_blessing" title="Episcopal blessing">Pontifical</a>"</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Urbi_et_Orbi" title="Urbi et Orbi">Urbi et Orbi</a></i></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Papal_conclave" title="Papal conclave">Conclave</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_papal_elections" class="mw-redirect" title="List of papal elections">List</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Papal_coronation" title="Papal coronation">Coronation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Papal_consistory" title="Papal consistory">Consistory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Papal_diplomatics" title="Papal diplomatics">Diplomacy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Papal_inauguration" title="Papal inauguration">Inauguration</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Papal_Mass" title="Papal Mass">Mass</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pontifical_High_Mass" title="Pontifical High Mass">High Mass</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Papal_travel" title="Papal travel">Travel</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:gold;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Pontifical_vestments" title="Pontifical vestments">Vestments</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Camauro" title="Camauro">Camauro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Falda" title="Falda">Falda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Papal_fanon" title="Papal fanon">Fanon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Papal_ferula" title="Papal ferula">Ferula</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flabellum" title="Flabellum">Flabellum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cope" title="Cope">Mantle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mitre" title="Mitre">Mitre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mozzetta" title="Mozzetta">Mozzetta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pallium" title="Pallium">Pallium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ring_of_the_Fisherman" title="Ring of the Fisherman">Ring of the Fisherman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Papal_shoes" title="Papal shoes">Shoes</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Papal_slippers" title="Papal slippers">Slippers</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sub-cinctorium" class="mw-redirect" title="Sub-cinctorium">Sub-cinctorium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Papal_tiara" title="Papal tiara">Tiara</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_papal_tiaras_in_existence" title="List of papal tiaras in existence">List</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zucchetto" title="Zucchetto">Zucchetto</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:gold;width:1%">Transportation</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Popemobile" title="Popemobile">Popemobile</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sedia_gestatoria" title="Sedia gestatoria">Sedia gestatoria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shepherd_One" class="mw-redirect" title="Shepherd One">Shepherd One</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:gold;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Papal_household" title="Papal household">Household</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Camerlengo_of_the_Holy_Roman_Church" title="Camerlengo of the Holy Roman Church">Camerlengo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_commanders_of_the_Pontifical_Swiss_Guard" class="mw-redirect" title="List of commanders of the Pontifical Swiss Guard">Commander</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Swiss_Guard" title="Swiss Guard">Swiss Guard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chaplain_of_His_Holiness" title="Chaplain of His Holiness">Chaplain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palatinus_in_the_Catholic_Church" title="Palatinus in the Catholic Church">Palatinus</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Papal_majordomo" title="Papal majordomo">Papal majordomo</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Papal_gentleman" title="Papal gentleman">Gentlemen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apostolic_Preacher" class="mw-redirect" title="Apostolic Preacher">Preacher</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prefecture_of_the_Papal_household" class="mw-redirect" title="Prefecture of the Papal household">Prefect</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prelate_of_Honour_of_His_Holiness" title="Prelate of Honour of His Holiness">Prelate of Honour</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prince_assistant_to_the_Papal_throne" class="mw-redirect" title="Prince assistant to the Papal throne">Prince assistant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theologian_of_the_Pontifical_Household" title="Theologian of the Pontifical Household">Theologian</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:gold;width:1%">Staff</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/College_of_Cardinals" title="College of Cardinals">College of Cardinals</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cardinal_(Catholic_Church)" title="Cardinal (Catholic Church)">cardinals</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_current_cardinals" title="List of current cardinals">list</a></li></ul></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Roman Curia</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Apostolic_Camera" title="Apostolic Camera">Apostolic Camera</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pontifical_commission" title="Pontifical commission">Commissions</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pontifical_Commission_for_Vatican_City_State" title="Pontifical Commission for Vatican City State">for Vatican City State</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pontifical_council" title="Pontifical council">Councils</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Congregation_(Roman_Curia)" title="Congregation (Roman Curia)">Congregations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dicastery" title="Dicastery">Dicasteries</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Synod_of_Bishops_in_the_Catholic_Church" title="Synod of Bishops in the Catholic Church">Synods</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cappella_Giulia" title="Cappella Giulia">Cappella Giulia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sistine_Chapel_Choir" title="Sistine Chapel Choir">Sistine Chapel Choir</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:gold;width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Papal_nobility" title="Papal nobility">Papal nobility</a> <ul><li>"<a href="/wiki/Black_nobility" title="Black nobility">Black</a>"</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orders,_decorations,_and_medals_of_the_Holy_See" title="Orders, decorations, and medals of the Holy See">Orders of chivalry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pontifical_academy" title="Pontifical academy">Pontifical academy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pontifical_university" title="Pontifical university">Pontifical university</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pontifical_universities_in_Rome" title="Pontifical universities in Rome">in Rome</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roman_Colleges" title="Roman Colleges">Pontifical colleges in Rome</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pontifical_Roman_Major_Seminary" title="Pontifical Roman Major Seminary">Major Seminary</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swiss_Guard" title="Swiss Guard">Swiss Guard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Papabile" title="Papabile">Papabile</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_canonised_popes" title="List of canonised popes">Canonised popes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legends_surrounding_the_papacy" title="Legends surrounding the papacy">Legends</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_popes_by_country" title="List of popes by country">Popes by nationality</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_sexually_active_popes" title="List of sexually active popes">Sexually active popes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antipope" title="Antipope">Antipope</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Western_Schism" title="Western Schism">Western Schism</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="background-color:gold"><div> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="flag" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/Flag_of_Vatican_City_%282023%E2%80%93present%29.svg/20px-Flag_of_Vatican_City_%282023%E2%80%93present%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/Flag_of_Vatican_City_%282023%E2%80%93present%29.svg/40px-Flag_of_Vatican_City_%282023%E2%80%93present%29.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="1000" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Vatican_City" title="Portal:Vatican City">Vatican City portal</a></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:046CupolaSPietro.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/046CupolaSPietro.jpg/20px-046CupolaSPietro.jpg" decoding="async" width="17" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/046CupolaSPietro.jpg/40px-046CupolaSPietro.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Catholic_Church" title="Portal:Catholic Church">Catholic Church portal</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235" /></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Vatican_City_articles854" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background-color:#fff200"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231" /><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Vatican_City_topics" title="Template:Vatican City topics"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Vatican_City_topics" title="Template talk:Vatican City topics"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Vatican_City_topics" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Vatican City topics"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Vatican_City_articles854" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Vatican_City" title="Vatican City">Vatican City</a> <a href="/wiki/Index_of_Vatican_City%E2%80%93related_articles" title="Index of Vatican City–related articles">articles</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="background-color:#fff200;hlist"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Index_of_Vatican_City%E2%80%93related_articles" title="Index of Vatican City–related articles">Index</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Outline_of_Vatican_City" title="Outline of Vatican City">Outline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Holy_See" title="Holy See">Holy See</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Properties_of_the_Holy_See" title="Properties of the Holy See">Properties</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pope" title="Pope">Pope</a>: <a href="/wiki/Pope_Francis" title="Pope Francis">Francis</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_sovereigns_of_Vatican_City_State" class="mw-redirect" title="List of sovereigns of Vatican City State">List of sovereigns</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vicar_General_for_Vatican_City" class="mw-redirect" title="Vicar General for Vatican City">Vicar General for Vatican City</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:#fff200;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Vatican_City#History" title="Vatican City">History</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_papacy" title="History of the papacy">History of the papacy</a></li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Prisoner_in_the_Vatican" title="Prisoner in the Vatican">Prisoner in the Vatican</a>"</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Circus_of_Nero" title="Circus of Nero">Circus of Nero</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Old_St._Peter%27s_Basilica" title="Old St. Peter's Basilica">Old St. Peter's Basilica</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Papal_tombs_in_Old_St._Peter%27s_Basilica" title="Papal tombs in Old St. Peter's Basilica">Papal tombs</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leonine_City" title="Leonine City">Leonine City</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cortile_del_Belvedere" title="Cortile del Belvedere">Cortile del Belvedere</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Santo_Stefano_degli_Ungheresi" title="Santo Stefano degli Ungheresi">Santo Stefano degli Ungheresi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lateran_Treaty" title="Lateran Treaty">Lateran Treaty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Borgo_Nuovo_(Rome)" title="Borgo Nuovo (Rome)">Borgo Nuovo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Borgo_Vecchio_(Rome)" title="Borgo Vecchio (Rome)">Borgo Vecchio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Piazza_Scossacavalli" title="Piazza Scossacavalli">Piazza Scossacavalli</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:#fff200;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Geography_of_Vatican_City" title="Geography of Vatican City">Geography</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:#fff200;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Major_basilica" class="mw-redirect" title="Major basilica">Major basilica</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="St._Peter&#039;s_Basilica24" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:#fff200;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/St._Peter%27s_Basilica" title="St. Peter's Basilica">St. Peter's Basilica</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chair_of_Saint_Peter" title="Chair of Saint Peter">Chair of Saint Peter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St._Peter%27s_Baldachin" title="St. Peter's Baldachin">St. Peter's Baldachin</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Piet%C3%A0_(Michelangelo)" title="Pietà (Michelangelo)">Pietà</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vatican_Necropolis" title="Vatican Necropolis">Vatican Necropolis</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Saint_Peter%27s_tomb" title="Saint Peter's tomb">Saint Peter's tomb</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_extant_papal_tombs" title="List of extant papal tombs">Papal tombs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tomb_of_the_Julii" title="Tomb of the Julii">Tomb of the Julii</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vatican_Grottoes" title="Vatican Grottoes">Vatican Grottoes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monument_to_the_Royal_Stuarts" title="Monument to the Royal Stuarts">Monument to the Royal Stuarts</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:#fff200;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Apostolic_Palace" title="Apostolic Palace">Apostolic Palace</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Redemptoris_Mater_Chapel" title="Redemptoris Mater Chapel">Redemptoris Mater Chapel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Borgia_Apartments" title="Borgia Apartments">Borgia Apartments</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clementine_Hall" title="Clementine Hall">Clementine Hall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Papal_apartments" title="Papal apartments">Papal apartments</a> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Stufetta_del_cardinal_Bibbiena" title="Stufetta del cardinal Bibbiena">Stufetta del cardinal Bibbiena</a></i></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cappella_Paolina" title="Cappella Paolina">Cappella Paolina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raphael_Rooms" title="Raphael Rooms">Raphael Rooms</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Niccoline_Chapel" title="Niccoline Chapel">Niccoline Chapel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sala_Regia_(Vatican)" title="Sala Regia (Vatican)">Sala Regia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scala_Regia_(Vatican)" title="Scala Regia (Vatican)">Scala Regia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sistine_Chapel" title="Sistine Chapel">Sistine Chapel</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/The_Last_Judgment_(Michelangelo)" title="The Last Judgment (Michelangelo)">altarpiece</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sistine_Chapel_ceiling" title="Sistine Chapel ceiling">ceiling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Room_of_Tears" title="Room of Tears">Room of Tears</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:#fff200;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Vatican_Museums" title="Vatican Museums">Vatican Museums</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Vatican_Historical_Museum" title="Vatican Historical Museum">Historical</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pinacoteca_Vaticana" class="mw-redirect" title="Pinacoteca Vaticana">Paintings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Collection_of_Modern_and_Contemporary_Art,_Vatican_Museums" title="Collection of Modern and Contemporary Art, Vatican Museums">Modern and Contemporary Art</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vatican_Museums#Pio-Clementino_Museum" title="Vatican Museums">Pio-Clementino</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vatican_Museums#Chiaramonti_Museum" title="Vatican Museums">Chiaramonti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vatican_Museums#Gregoriano_Etrusco_Museum" title="Vatican Museums">Gregoriano Etrusco</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vatican_Museums#Gregoriano_Egiziano_Museum" title="Vatican Museums">Gregoriano Egiziano</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Museo_Pio_Cristiano" title="Museo Pio Cristiano">Pio Cristiano</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anima_Mundi,_Vatican_City" title="Anima Mundi, Vatican City">Ethnographic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bramante_Staircase" title="Bramante Staircase">Bramante Staircase</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vatican_Gallery_of_Maps" title="Vatican Gallery of Maps">Maps</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gregorian_Tower" title="Gregorian Tower">Gregorian Tower</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Casina_Pio_IV" title="Casina Pio IV">Casina Pio IV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sant%27Anna_dei_Palafrenieri" title="Sant'Anna dei Palafrenieri">Sant'Anna dei Palafrenieri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Domus_Sanctae_Marthae" title="Domus Sanctae Marthae">Domus Sanctae Marthae</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Domus_Sanctae_Marthae" title="Domus Sanctae Marthae">Holy Spirit Chapel</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gardens_of_Vatican_City" title="Gardens of Vatican City">Gardens</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Santa_Maria_della_Piet%C3%A0_in_Camposanto_dei_Teutonici" title="Santa Maria della Pietà in Camposanto dei Teutonici">Santa Maria della Pietà in Camposanto dei Teutonici</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Collegio_Teutonico" title="Collegio Teutonico">Collegio Teutonico</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Teutonic_Cemetery" title="Teutonic Cemetery">Teutonic Cemetery</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mater_Ecclesiae_Monastery" title="Mater Ecclesiae Monastery">Mater Ecclesiae Monastery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sant%27Egidio_in_Borgo" title="Sant'Egidio in Borgo">Sant'Egidio in Borgo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Santi_Martino_e_Sebastiano_degli_Svizzeri" title="Santi Martino e Sebastiano degli Svizzeri">Santi Martino e Sebastiano degli Svizzeri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_VI_Audience_Hall" title="Paul VI Audience Hall">Paul VI Audience Hall</a> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Resurrection_(Fazzini)" title="The Resurrection (Fazzini)">The Resurrection</a></i></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Passetto_di_Borgo" title="Passetto di Borgo">Passetto di Borgo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/San_Pellegrino_in_Vaticano" title="San Pellegrino in Vaticano">San Pellegrino in Vaticano</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St._Peter%27s_Square" title="St. Peter's Square">St. Peter's Square</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Via_della_Conciliazione" title="Via della Conciliazione">Via della Conciliazione</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fountains_of_St._Peter%27s_Square" title="Fountains of St. Peter's Square">Fountains</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Porta_San_Pellegrino" title="Porta San Pellegrino">Porta San Pellegrino</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ricciolo_d%27Italia" title="Ricciolo d'Italia">Ricciolo d'Italia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint_John%27s_Tower_(Vatican_City)" title="Saint John's Tower (Vatican City)">Saint John's Tower</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Santo_Stefano_degli_Abissini" class="mw-redirect" title="Santo Stefano degli Abissini">Santo Stefano degli Abissini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vatican_Pharmacy" title="Vatican Pharmacy">Vatican Pharmacy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vatican_Hill" title="Vatican Hill">Vatican Hill</a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:#fff200;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Politics_of_Vatican_City" title="Politics of Vatican City">Politics</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <li><a href="/wiki/Papal_conclave" title="Papal conclave">Elections</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foreign_relations_of_the_Holy_See" title="Foreign relations of the Holy See">Foreign relations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vicar_General_for_Vatican_City" class="mw-redirect" title="Vicar General for Vatican City">Vicar General</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Law_of_Vatican_City" title="Law of Vatican City">Law</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Crime_in_Vatican_City" title="Crime in Vatican City">Crime</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fundamental_Law_of_Vatican_City_State" title="Fundamental Law of Vatican City State">Fundamental Law</a></li></ul></li> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:#fff200;width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;">Governance</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pope" title="Pope">Pope</a> <a href="/wiki/Pope_Francis" title="Pope Francis">Francis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cardinal_Secretary_of_State" title="Cardinal Secretary of State">Cardinal Secretary of State</a> <a href="/wiki/Pietro_Parolin" title="Pietro Parolin">Pietro Parolin</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:#fff200;width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Politics_of_Vatican_City#Executive" title="Politics of Vatican City">Government</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Roman Curia</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Apostolic_Camera" title="Apostolic Camera">Apostolic Camera</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pontifical_commission" title="Pontifical commission">Commissions</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pontifical_Commission_for_Vatican_City_State" title="Pontifical Commission for Vatican City State">For Vatican City State</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pontifical_council" title="Pontifical council">Councils</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Congregation_(Roman_Curia)" title="Congregation (Roman Curia)">Congregations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dicastery" title="Dicastery">Dicasteries</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:#fff200;width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Military_in_Vatican_City" title="Military in Vatican City">Military</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Corps_of_Gendarmerie_of_Vatican_City" title="Corps of Gendarmerie of Vatican City">Corps of Gendarmerie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swiss_Guard" title="Swiss Guard">Swiss Guard</a></li> <li>See also: <a href="/wiki/Corps_of_Firefighters_of_the_Vatican_City_State" title="Corps of Firefighters of the Vatican City State">Corps of Firefighters</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:#fff200;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Vatican_City" title="Economy of Vatican City">Economy</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Institute_for_the_Works_of_Religion" title="Institute for the Works of Religion">Banking</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vatican_euro_coins" title="Vatican euro coins">Vatican euro coins</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vatican_City#Communications" title="Vatican City">Communications</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/.va" title=".va">.va [Internet domain]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Poste_Vaticane" title="Poste Vaticane">Poste Vaticane</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Postage_stamps_and_postal_history_of_Vatican_City" title="Postage stamps and postal history of Vatican City">Postage stamps and postal history</a></li></ul></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Homelessness_in_Vatican_City" title="Homelessness in Vatican City">Homelessness</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Secretariat_for_the_Economy" title="Secretariat for the Economy">Secretariat for the Economy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tourism_in_Vatican_City" title="Tourism in Vatican City">Tourism</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:#fff200;width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;">Infrastructure</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Transport_in_Vatican_City" title="Transport in Vatican City">Transport</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Vatican_City_Heliport" title="Vatican City Heliport">Heliport</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vatican_Railway" title="Vatican Railway">Rail</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:#fff200;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Vatican_City#Culture" title="Vatican City">Culture</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pontifical_Academy_of_Sciences" title="Pontifical Academy of Sciences">Academy of Sciences</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Vatican_Advanced_Technology_Telescope" title="Vatican Advanced Technology Telescope">AT telescope</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vatican_Observatory" title="Vatican Observatory">observatory</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Architecture_of_Vatican_City" title="Architecture of Vatican City">Architecture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_archives_in_Vatican_City" title="List of archives in Vatican City">Archives</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Vatican_Apostolic_Archive" title="Vatican Apostolic Archive">Apostolic Archive</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vatican_Climate_Forest" title="Vatican Climate Forest">Climate Forest</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_Vatican_City" title="Demographics of Vatican City">Demographics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Languages_of_Vatican_City" title="Languages of Vatican City">Languages</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vatican_Library" title="Vatican Library">Library</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Vatican_Film_Library" title="Vatican Film Library">film</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Vatican_City" title="Music of Vatican City">Music</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sistine_Chapel_Choir" title="Sistine Chapel Choir">Sistine Chapel Choir</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philatelic_and_Numismatic_Office_of_the_Vatican_City_State" title="Philatelic and Numismatic Office of the Vatican City State">Philatelic and Numismatic Office</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Public_holidays_in_Vatican_City" title="Public holidays in Vatican City">Public holidays</a></li></ul> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Media46" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:#fff200;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Category:Mass_media_in_Vatican_City" title="Category:Mass media in Vatican City">Media</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Holy_See_Press_Office" title="Holy See Press Office">Holy See Press Office</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Vatican_Information_Service" title="Vatican Information Service">Vatican Information Service</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vatican_Media" title="Vatican Media">Vatican Media</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Vatican_News" title="Vatican News">Vatican News</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vatican_Radio" title="Vatican Radio">Vatican Radio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vatican_Television_Center" class="mw-redirect" title="Vatican Television Center">Vatican Television Center</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vatican_News_App" title="Vatican News App">Vatican News App</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vatican_Publishing_House" title="Vatican Publishing House">Vatican Publishing House</a> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Acta_Apostolicae_Sedis" title="Acta Apostolicae Sedis">Acta Apostolicae Sedis</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Annuario_Pontificio" title="Annuario Pontificio">Annuario Pontificio</a></i></li></ul></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/L%27Osservatore_Romano" title="L'Osservatore Romano">L'Osservatore Romano</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pope2you" title="Pope2you">Pope2you</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:#fff200;width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Vatican_City" class="mw-redirect" title="Religion in Vatican City">Religion</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Catholic_Church" title="Catholic Church">Catholic Church</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:#fff200;width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;">Symbols</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pontifical_Anthem" title="Pontifical Anthem">Anthem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coat_of_arms_of_Vatican_City" title="Coat of arms of Vatican City">Coat of arms</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flag_of_Vatican_City" title="Flag of Vatican City">Flag</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:#fff200;width:1%">Sports</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Vatican_Amateur_Sports_Association" title="Vatican Amateur Sports Association">Amateur Sports Association</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vatican_City_cricket_team" title="Vatican City cricket team">Cricket team</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vatican_City_national_football_team" title="Vatican City national football team">National football team</a> (Men)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vatican_City_women%27s_national_football_team" title="Vatican City women's national football team">National football team</a> (Women)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vatican_Athletics" title="Vatican Athletics">Vatican Athletics</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="background-color:#fff200;hlist"><div> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="flag" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/Flag_of_Vatican_City_%282023%E2%80%93present%29.svg/20px-Flag_of_Vatican_City_%282023%E2%80%93present%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/Flag_of_Vatican_City_%282023%E2%80%93present%29.svg/40px-Flag_of_Vatican_City_%282023%E2%80%93present%29.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="1000" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Vatican_City" title="Portal:Vatican City">Vatican City portal</a></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:046CupolaSPietro.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/046CupolaSPietro.jpg/20px-046CupolaSPietro.jpg" decoding="async" width="17" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/046CupolaSPietro.jpg/40px-046CupolaSPietro.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Catholicism" class="mw-redirect" title="Portal:Catholicism">Catholicism portal</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235" /></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Holy_See1112" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background-color:gold"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231" /><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Holy_See" title="Template:Holy See"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Holy_See" title="Template talk:Holy See"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Holy_See" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Holy See"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Holy_See1112" class="wraplinks" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Holy_See" title="Holy See">Holy See</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="background-color:gold"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Apostolic_see" title="Apostolic see">Apostolic</a> <a href="/wiki/Episcopal_see" title="Episcopal see">episcopal see</a> of <a href="/wiki/Pope" title="Pope">Pope</a> <a href="/wiki/Pope_Francis" title="Pope Francis">Francis</a> as <a href="/wiki/Bishop_in_the_Catholic_Church" class="mw-redirect" title="Bishop in the Catholic Church">bishop</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Diocese_of_Rome" title="Diocese of Rome">Diocese of Rome</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sovereignty" title="Sovereignty">Sovereignty and government</a> of <a href="/wiki/Vatican_City" title="Vatican City">Vatican City</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legal_status_of_the_Holy_See" title="Legal status of the Holy See">Sovereign judicial entity</a> under <a href="/wiki/International_law" title="International law">international law</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:gold;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_papacy" title="History of the papacy">History</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Apostolic_see" title="Apostolic see">Apostolic see</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Primacy_of_Peter" title="Primacy of Peter">Primacy of Peter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_papal_primacy" title="History of papal primacy">History of papal primacy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Patrimony_of_Saint_Peter" title="Patrimony of Saint Peter">Patrimony of Saint Peter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Old_St._Peter%27s_Basilica" title="Old St. Peter's Basilica">Old St. Peter's Basilica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lateran_Palace" title="Lateran Palace">Lateran Palace</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lateran_Museum" title="Lateran Museum">Museum</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Duchy_of_Rome" title="Duchy of Rome">Duchy of Rome</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Donation_of_Sutri" title="Donation of Sutri">Donation of Sutri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Donation_of_Pepin" title="Donation of Pepin">Donation of Pepin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Avignon_Papacy" title="Avignon Papacy">Avignon Papacy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Papal_States" title="Papal States">Papal States</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Temporal_power_of_the_Holy_See" title="Temporal power of the Holy See">Temporal power</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Investiture_Controversy" title="Investiture Controversy">Investiture Controversy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Popes_during_the_Age_of_Revolution" title="Popes during the Age of Revolution">Age of Revolution</a></li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Prisoner_in_the_Vatican" title="Prisoner in the Vatican">Prisoner in the Vatican</a>"</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vatican_during_the_Savoyard_era_(1870%E2%80%931929)" title="Vatican during the Savoyard era (1870–1929)">Savoyard era</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vatican_City" title="Vatican City">Vatican City</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lateran_Treaty" title="Lateran Treaty">Lateran Treaty</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vatican_City_in_World_War_II" class="mw-redirect" title="Vatican City in World War II">World War II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Holy_See%E2%80%93Soviet_Union_relations" title="Holy See–Soviet Union relations">Warsaw Pact</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:gold;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Sovereignty" title="Sovereignty">Sovereign<br />judicial entity</a><br /><small>under<br /><a href="/wiki/International_law" title="International law">international<br />law</a><br />(<a href="/wiki/Legal_status_of_the_Holy_See" title="Legal status of the Holy See">Legal status</a>)</small></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:gold;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Official" title="Official">Officials</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pope" title="Pope">Pope</a> <a href="/wiki/Pope_Francis" title="Pope Francis">Francis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cardinal_Secretary_of_State" title="Cardinal Secretary of State">Cardinal Secretary of State</a> <a href="/wiki/Pietro_Parolin" title="Pietro Parolin">Pietro Parolin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cardinal_(Catholic_Church)" title="Cardinal (Catholic Church)">Cardinals</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_current_cardinals" title="List of current cardinals">List</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Council_of_Cardinal_Advisers" class="mw-redirect" title="Council of Cardinal Advisers">Advisers</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:gold;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Governance" title="Governance">Governance</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Secretariat_of_State_(Holy_See)" title="Secretariat of State (Holy See)">Secretariat of State</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/College_of_Cardinals" title="College of Cardinals">College of Cardinals</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Papal_conclave" title="Papal conclave">Papal conclave</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:gold;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Politics_of_Vatican_City" title="Politics of Vatican City">Government</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Roman Curia</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Apostolic_Camera" title="Apostolic Camera">Apostolic Camera</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pontifical_commission" title="Pontifical commission">Commissions</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pontifical_Commission_for_Vatican_City_State" title="Pontifical Commission for Vatican City State">For Vatican City State</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pontifical_council" title="Pontifical council">Councils</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Congregation_(Roman_Curia)" title="Congregation (Roman Curia)">Congregations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dicastery" title="Dicastery">Dicasteries</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:gold;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Foreign_relations_of_the_Holy_See" title="Foreign relations of the Holy See">Foreign affairs</a><br />(<a href="/wiki/Multilateral_foreign_policy_of_the_Holy_See" title="Multilateral foreign policy of the Holy See">Multilateral policy</a>)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Section_for_Relations_with_States_(Roman_Curia)" class="mw-redirect" title="Section for Relations with States (Roman Curia)">Section for Relations with States</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_diplomatic_missions_to_the_Holy_See" title="List of diplomatic missions to the Holy See">To the Holy See</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_diplomatic_missions_of_the_Holy_See" title="List of diplomatic missions of the Holy See">Of the Holy See</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_heads_of_the_diplomatic_missions_of_the_Holy_See" title="List of heads of the diplomatic missions of the Holy See">Heads</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Holy_See%E2%80%93Italy_relations" title="Holy See–Italy relations">Italy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Holy_See_and_the_United_Nations" title="Holy See and the United Nations">United Nations</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Permanent_Observer_of_the_Holy_See_to_the_United_Nations" title="Permanent Observer of the Holy See to the United Nations">Permanent Observer</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Permanent_Observer_of_the_Holy_See_to_the_United_Nations_in_Geneva" title="Permanent Observer of the Holy See to the United Nations in Geneva">in Geneva</a></li></ul></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Holy_See%E2%80%93European_Union_relations" title="Holy See–European Union relations">European Union</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Permanent_Observer_of_the_Holy_See_to_the_Council_of_Europe" title="Permanent Observer of the Holy See to the Council of Europe">Permanent Observer to the Council of Europe</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apostolic_nunciature" title="Apostolic nunciature">Apostolic nunciature</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Nuncio" title="Nuncio">Nuncio</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treaties_of_the_Holy_See" title="Treaties of the Holy See">Treaties</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Concordat" title="Concordat">Concordats</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:gold;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Diocese_of_Rome" title="Diocese of Rome">Diocese<br />of Rome</a><br /><small>with <a href="/wiki/Universal_jurisdiction" title="Universal jurisdiction">universal</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Full_communion" title="Full communion">full communion</a><br />(<a href="/wiki/Papal_primacy" title="Papal primacy">Papal primacy</a>)</small></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Synods251" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:gold;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Synod_of_Bishops_in_the_Catholic_Church" title="Synod of Bishops in the Catholic Church">Synods</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Synod_of_Bishops_in_the_Catholic_Church#Ordinary_general_assemblies" title="Synod of Bishops in the Catholic Church">Ordinary general assemblies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Synod_of_Bishops_in_the_Catholic_Church#Extraordinary_general_assemblies" title="Synod of Bishops in the Catholic Church">Extraordinary general assemblies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Synod_of_Bishops_in_the_Catholic_Church#Special_assemblies" title="Synod of Bishops in the Catholic Church">Special assemblies</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:gold;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Ecclesiastical_Province_of_Rome" class="mw-redirect" title="Ecclesiastical Province of Rome">Ecclesiastical<br />province of Rome</a><br /><small>(<a href="/wiki/Apostolic_vicariate" title="Apostolic vicariate">Vicariate</a>: <a href="/wiki/Cardinal_Vicar" title="Cardinal Vicar">Rome</a>,<br /><a href="/wiki/Vicar_General_for_Vatican_City" class="mw-redirect" title="Vicar General for Vatican City">Vatican City</a>)</small></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:gold;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Suburbicarian_diocese" title="Suburbicarian diocese">Suburbicarian sees</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Suburbicarian_Diocese_of_Ostia" title="Roman Catholic Suburbicarian Diocese of Ostia">Ostia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Suburbicarian_Diocese_of_Velletri-Segni" class="mw-redirect" title="Roman Catholic Suburbicarian Diocese of Velletri-Segni">Velletri-Segni</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Suburbicarian_Diocese_of_Porto-Santa_Rufina" class="mw-redirect" title="Roman Catholic Suburbicarian Diocese of Porto-Santa Rufina">Porto-Santa Rufina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Suburbicarian_Diocese_of_Frascati" title="Roman Catholic Suburbicarian Diocese of Frascati">Frascati</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Suburbicarian_Diocese_of_Palestrina" title="Roman Catholic Suburbicarian Diocese of Palestrina">Palestrina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Suburbicarian_Diocese_of_Albano" title="Roman Catholic Suburbicarian Diocese of Albano">Albano</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Suburbicarian_Diocese_of_Sabina-Poggio_Mirteto" class="mw-redirect" title="Roman Catholic Suburbicarian Diocese of Sabina-Poggio Mirteto">Sabina-Poggio Mirteto</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:gold;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Territorial_abbey" title="Territorial abbey">Territorial abbeys</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Territorial_Abbey_of_Montecassino" class="mw-redirect" title="Territorial Abbey of Montecassino">Montecassino</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abbey_of_Saint_Scholastica,_Subiaco" title="Abbey of Saint Scholastica, Subiaco">Subiaco</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:gold;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Suffragan_diocese" title="Suffragan diocese">Suffragan dioceses</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Archdiocese_of_Gaeta" title="Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Gaeta">Gaeta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Diocese_of_Anagni-Alatri" title="Roman Catholic Diocese of Anagni-Alatri">Anagni-Alatri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Diocese_of_Civita_Castellana" title="Roman Catholic Diocese of Civita Castellana">Civita Castellana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Diocese_of_Civitavecchia-Tarquinia" title="Roman Catholic Diocese of Civitavecchia-Tarquinia">Civitavecchia-Tarquinia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Diocese_of_Frosinone-Veroli-Ferentino" title="Roman Catholic Diocese of Frosinone-Veroli-Ferentino">Frosinone-Veroli-Ferentino</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Diocese_of_Latina-Terracina-Sezze-Priverno" title="Roman Catholic Diocese of Latina-Terracina-Sezze-Priverno">Latina-Terracina-Sezze-Priverno</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Diocese_of_Rieti" title="Roman Catholic Diocese of Rieti">Rieti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Diocese_of_Sora-Cassino-Aquino-Pontecorvo" title="Roman Catholic Diocese of Sora-Cassino-Aquino-Pontecorvo">Sora-Cassino-Aquino-Pontecorvo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Diocese_of_Tivoli" title="Roman Catholic Diocese of Tivoli">Tivoli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Diocese_of_Viterbo" title="Roman Catholic Diocese of Viterbo">Viterbo</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:gold;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Properties_of_the_Holy_See" title="Properties of the Holy See">Properties</a><br /><small>including<br /><a href="/wiki/Extraterritoriality" title="Extraterritoriality">extra-<br />territoriality</a></small></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:gold;width:1%">Inside<br /><a href="/wiki/Rome" title="Rome">Rome</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:gold;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Major_basilica" class="mw-redirect" title="Major basilica">Major basilicas</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/St._Peter%27s_Basilica" title="St. Peter's Basilica">St. Peter's Basilica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Archbasilica_of_Saint_John_Lateran" title="Archbasilica of Saint John Lateran">Archbasilica of Saint John Lateran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Basilica_di_Santa_Maria_Maggiore" class="mw-redirect" title="Basilica di Santa Maria Maggiore">Basilica of Saint Mary Major</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Basilica_of_Saint_Paul_Outside_the_Walls" title="Basilica of Saint Paul Outside the Walls">Basilica of Saint Paul Outside the Walls</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lateran_Palace" title="Lateran Palace">Lateran Palace</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pontifical_Lateran_University" title="Pontifical Lateran University">Lateran University</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scala_Sancta" title="Scala Sancta">Scala Sancta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sancta_Sanctorum_(Lateran,_Rome)" title="Sancta Sanctorum (Lateran, Rome)">Sancta Sanctorum</a></li> <li>Adjoining buildings</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palazzo_San_Callisto" title="Palazzo San Callisto">Palace of Saint Callixtus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gianicolo" class="mw-redirect" title="Gianicolo">Gianicolo</a> Hill area <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pontifical_Urban_University" title="Pontifical Urban University">Pontifical Urban University</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pontifical_North_American_College" title="Pontifical North American College">Pontifical North American College</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bambino_Ges%C3%B9_Hospital" title="Bambino Gesù Hospital">Bambino Gesù Hospital</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palazzo_della_Cancelleria" title="Palazzo della Cancelleria">Palazzo della Cancelleria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palazzo_di_Propaganda_Fide" title="Palazzo di Propaganda Fide">Palace of the Congregation for the Evangelization of Peoples</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palace_of_the_Holy_Office" title="Palace of the Holy Office">Palace of the Holy Office</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palazzo_dei_Convertendi" title="Palazzo dei Convertendi">Palace of the Congregation for the Oriental Churches</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Palazzo_Pio_(Borgo)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Palazzo Pio (Borgo) (page does not exist)">Palazzo Pio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palace_of_Maffei_Marescotti" class="mw-redirect" title="Palace of Maffei Marescotti">Palace of the Vicariate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pontifical_Roman_Major_Seminary" title="Pontifical Roman Major Seminary">Pontifical Minor Roman Seminary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Collegio_Teutonico" title="Collegio Teutonico">Collegio Teutonico</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Teutonic_Cemetery" title="Teutonic Cemetery">Teutonic Cemetery</a></li></ul></li> <li>Benedictine monastery</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pontifical_Oratory_of_San_Paolo&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pontifical Oratory of San Paolo (page does not exist)">Pontifical Oratory of San Paolo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beda_College" title="Beda College">Beda College</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_VI_Audience_Hall" title="Paul VI Audience Hall">Paul VI Audience Hall</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Non-extraterritorial24" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:gold;width:1%">Non-<br />extraterritorial</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Palace of the <a href="/wiki/Santi_Apostoli,_Rome" title="Santi Apostoli, Rome">Holy Apostles</a></li> <li>Palace of <a href="/wiki/San_Carlo_ai_Catinari" title="San Carlo ai Catinari">San Carlo ai Catinari</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Collegio_Bellarmino&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Collegio Bellarmino (page does not exist)">Collegio Bellarmino</a></li> <li>Archaeological Institute</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pontifical_Oriental_Institute" title="Pontifical Oriental Institute">Pontifical Oriental Institute</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pontifical_Lombard_Seminary" title="Pontifical Lombard Seminary">Pontifical Lombard Seminary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Collegium_Russicum" title="Collegium Russicum">Russian College</a></li> <li>Two Palaces of <a href="/wiki/Sant%27Apollinare_alle_Terme_Neroniane-Alessandrine" class="mw-redirect" title="Sant'Apollinare alle Terme Neroniane-Alessandrine">Sant'Apollinare</a></li> <li>House of Retreat for the Clergy of Saints John and Paul <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nympheum_of_Nero&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nympheum of Nero (page does not exist)">Nympheum of Nero</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:gold;width:1%">Outside<br />Rome</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Papal_Palace_of_Castel_Gandolfo" class="mw-redirect" title="Papal Palace of Castel Gandolfo">Papal Palace of Castel Gandolfo</a> <ul><li>Papal farm</li> <li>Gardens of the Villa Cybo</li> <li>Villa <a href="/wiki/Barberini" class="mw-redirect" title="Barberini">Barberini</a></li> <li>Adjacent gardens</li></ul></li> <li>Summer estate of <a href="/wiki/Pontificio_Collegio_Urbano_de_Propaganda_Fide" title="Pontificio Collegio Urbano de Propaganda Fide">Pontificio Collegio Urbano de Propaganda Fide</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vatican_Radio" title="Vatican Radio">Vatican Radio</a> antennae area of <a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Santa_Maria_di_Galeria" class="extiw" title="it:Santa Maria di Galeria">Santa Maria di Galeria</a></li></ul> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Non-extraterritorial24" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:gold;width:1%">Non-<br />extraterritorial</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Basilica_of_the_Holy_House" class="mw-redirect" title="Basilica of the Holy House">Basilica of the Holy House</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Basilica_of_Saint_Francis_of_Assisi" title="Basilica of Saint Francis of Assisi">Basilica of Saint Francis of Assisi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Basilica_of_Saint_Anthony_of_Padua" title="Basilica of Saint Anthony of Padua">Basilica of Saint Anthony of Padua</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:gold;width:1%">See also</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Acta_Apostolicae_Sedis" title="Acta Apostolicae Sedis">Acta Apostolicae Sedis</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orders,_decorations,_and_medals_of_the_Holy_See" title="Orders, decorations, and medals of the Holy See">Awards</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Papal_household" title="Papal household">Papal household</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter%27s_Pence" title="Peter's Pence">Peter's Pence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roman_Rota" title="Roman Rota">Roman Rota</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Apostolic_Penitentiary" title="Apostolic Penitentiary">Apostolic Penitentiary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apostolic_Signatura" title="Apostolic Signatura">Apostolic Signatura</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swiss_Guard" title="Swiss Guard">Swiss Guard</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="background-color:gold"><div> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="flag" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/Flag_of_Vatican_City_%282023%E2%80%93present%29.svg/20px-Flag_of_Vatican_City_%282023%E2%80%93present%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/Flag_of_Vatican_City_%282023%E2%80%93present%29.svg/40px-Flag_of_Vatican_City_%282023%E2%80%93present%29.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="1000" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Vatican_City" title="Portal:Vatican City">Vatican City portal</a></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:046CupolaSPietro.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/046CupolaSPietro.jpg/20px-046CupolaSPietro.jpg" decoding="async" width="17" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/046CupolaSPietro.jpg/40px-046CupolaSPietro.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Catholicism" class="mw-redirect" title="Portal:Catholicism">Catholicism portal</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235" /></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Catholic_Church1469" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist wraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background-color:gold"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231" /><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Catholic_Church_footer" title="Template:Catholic Church footer"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Catholic_Church_footer" title="Template talk:Catholic Church footer"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Catholic_Church_footer" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Catholic Church footer"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Catholic_Church1469" class="wraplinks" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Catholic_Church" title="Catholic Church">Catholic Church</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="background-color:gold"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Index_of_Catholic_Church_articles" title="Index of Catholic Church articles">Index</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Outline_of_the_Catholic_Church" title="Outline of the Catholic Church">Outline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glossary_of_the_Catholic_Church" title="Glossary of the Catholic Church">Glossary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lists_of_Catholics" title="Lists of Catholics">Lists of Catholics</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:gold;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Catholic_Church" title="History of the Catholic Church">History</a><br /><small><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_Catholic_Church" title="Timeline of the Catholic Church">Timeline</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Ecclesiastical_history_of_the_Catholic_Church" title="Ecclesiastical history of the Catholic Church">Ecclesiastical</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Legal_history_of_the_Catholic_Church" title="Legal history of the Catholic Church">Legal</a></small></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:gold;width:12em"><a href="/wiki/Early_Christianity" title="Early Christianity">Early Church</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jesus_in_Christianity" title="Jesus in Christianity">Jesus</a> <a href="/wiki/Christ_(title)" title="Christ (title)">Christ</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Jesus" title="Ministry of Jesus">Ministry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crucifixion_of_Jesus" title="Crucifixion of Jesus">Crucifixion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Resurrection_of_Jesus" title="Resurrection of Jesus">Resurrection</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Great_Commission" title="Great Commission">Great Commission</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apostles_in_the_New_Testament" title="Apostles in the New Testament">Apostles</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Apostolic_succession" title="Apostolic succession">Succession</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Primacy_of_Peter" title="Primacy of Peter">Petrine primacy</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Church_Fathers" title="Church Fathers">Church fathers</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Apostolic_Fathers" title="Apostolic Fathers">Apostolic fathers</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_papacy" title="History of the papacy">History of the papacy</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_papal_primacy" title="History of papal primacy">Primacy</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:gold;width:12em"><a href="/wiki/Great_Church" title="Great Church">Great Church</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Christianity_in_the_ante-Nicene_period" title="Christianity in the ante-Nicene period">Ante-Nicene period</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Constantine_the_Great_and_Christianity" title="Constantine the Great and Christianity">Constantine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/First_seven_ecumenical_councils" title="First seven ecumenical councils">First seven ecumenical councils</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/First_Council_of_Nicaea" title="First Council of Nicaea">Nicaea I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Council_of_Chalcedon" title="Council of Chalcedon">Chalcedon</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christianity_in_late_antiquity" title="Christianity in late antiquity">Late antiquity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Biblical_canon" title="Biblical canon">Biblical canon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_monasticism" title="Christian monasticism">Monasticism</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:gold;width:12em"><a href="/wiki/Christianity_in_the_Middle_Ages" title="Christianity in the Middle Ages">Middle Ages</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Early_Muslim_conquests" title="Early Muslim conquests">Islamic conquests</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pope_Gregory_I" title="Pope Gregory I">Pope Gregory I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Papal_States" title="Papal States">Papal States</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/East%E2%80%93West_Schism" title="East–West Schism">Schism (1054)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Investiture_Controversy" title="Investiture Controversy">Investiture Controversy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crusades" title="Crusades">Crusades</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Western_Schism" title="Western Schism">Schism (1378)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Inquisition" title="Inquisition">Inquisition</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Medieval_university" title="Medieval university">Universities</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scholasticism" title="Scholasticism">Scholasticism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catholic_Church_and_the_Age_of_Discovery" title="Catholic Church and the Age of Discovery">Age of Discovery</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:gold;width:12em"><a href="/wiki/Christianity_in_the_modern_era" title="Christianity in the modern era">Modern era</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Catholic_Church_and_Protestant" class="mw-redirect" title="Catholic Church and Protestant">Protestantism</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Reformation" title="Reformation">Protestant Reformation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Counter-Reformation" title="Counter-Reformation">Catholic Reformation</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Council_of_Trent" title="Council of Trent">Trent</a></li></ul></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thirty_Years%27_War" title="Thirty Years' War">Thirty Years' War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Age_of_Enlightenment" title="Age of Enlightenment">Enlightenment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dechristianization_of_France_during_the_French_Revolution" title="Dechristianization of France during the French Revolution">French Revolution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catholic_Church_and_Nazi_Germany" title="Catholic Church and Nazi Germany">Nazism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second_Vatican_Council" title="Second Vatican Council">Vatican II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Holy_See%E2%80%93Soviet_Union_relations" title="Holy See–Soviet Union relations">Communism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catholic_Church_sexual_abuse_cases" title="Catholic Church sexual abuse cases">Sexual abuse scandal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catholic_Church_and_Islam" title="Catholic Church and Islam">Islam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_on_the_Catholic_Church" title="Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the Catholic Church">COVID-19 pandemic</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:gold;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Catholic_theology" title="Catholic theology">Theology</a><br /><small><a href="/wiki/Catholic_Bible" title="Catholic Bible">Bible</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Catholic_tradition" class="mw-redirect" title="Catholic tradition">Tradition</a><br /><i><a href="/wiki/Catechism_of_the_Catholic_Church" title="Catechism of the Catholic Church">Catechism</a></i></small></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="General125" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:gold;width:12em">General</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/God_in_Christianity" title="God in Christianity">God</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Trinity" title="Trinity">Trinity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kingship_and_kingdom_of_God" title="Kingship and kingdom of God">Kingdom</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catholic_theology_on_the_body" title="Catholic theology on the body">Body and soul</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Divine_grace" title="Divine grace">Divine grace</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dogma_in_the_Catholic_Church" title="Dogma in the Catholic Church">Dogma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nicene_Creed" title="Nicene Creed">Nicene Creed</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Original_sin" title="Original sin">Original sin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Catholic_saints" title="List of Catholic saints">Saints</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Salvation_in_Christianity" title="Salvation in Christianity">Salvation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sermon_on_the_Mount" title="Sermon on the Mount">Sermon on the Mount</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ten_Commandments_in_Catholic_theology" title="Ten Commandments in Catholic theology">Ten Commandments</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vulgate" title="Vulgate">Vulgate</a></li> <li>Official Bible <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sixtine_Vulgate" title="Sixtine Vulgate">Sixtine Vulgate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sixto-Clementine_Vulgate" title="Sixto-Clementine Vulgate">Sixto-Clementine Vulgate</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Nova_Vulgata" title="Nova Vulgata">Nova Vulgata</a></i></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_worship" title="Christian worship">Worship</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:gold;width:12em"><a href="/wiki/Catholic_ecclesiology" title="Catholic ecclesiology">Ecclesiology</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Communitas_perfecta" title="Communitas perfecta">Communitas perfecta</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catholic_ecumenical_councils" title="Catholic ecumenical councils">Councils</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catholic_Church_and_ecumenism" title="Catholic Church and ecumenism">Ecumenism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Four_Marks_of_the_Church" title="Four Marks of the Church">Four marks</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/One_true_church" title="One true church">One true church</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catholicity" title="Catholicity">Catholic</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Infallibility_of_the_Church" title="Infallibility of the Church">Infallibility</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Mystici_Corporis_Christi" title="Mystici Corporis Christi">Mystici Corporis Christi</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/People_of_God" title="People of God">People of God</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Churches_Militant,_Penitent,_and_Triumphant" title="Churches Militant, Penitent, and Triumphant">Three states</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Subsistit_in" title="Subsistit in">Subsistit in</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philosophy,_theology,_and_fundamental_theory_of_Catholic_canon_law" title="Philosophy, theology, and fundamental theory of Catholic canon law">In canon law</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:gold;width:12em"><a href="/wiki/Sacraments_of_the_Catholic_Church" title="Sacraments of the Catholic Church">Sacraments</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Baptism" title="Baptism">Baptism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Confirmation_in_the_Catholic_Church" title="Confirmation in the Catholic Church">Confirmation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eucharist_in_the_Catholic_Church" title="Eucharist in the Catholic Church">Eucharist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sacrament_of_Penance" title="Sacrament of Penance">Penance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anointing_of_the_Sick_in_the_Catholic_Church" title="Anointing of the Sick in the Catholic Church">Anointing of the Sick</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Last_rites" title="Last rites">Last rites</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Holy_orders_in_the_Catholic_Church" title="Holy orders in the Catholic Church">Holy orders</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marriage_in_the_Catholic_Church" title="Marriage in the Catholic Church">Matrimony</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:gold;width:12em"><a href="/wiki/Catholic_Mariology" title="Catholic Mariology">Mariology</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Assumption_of_Mary" title="Assumption of Mary">Assumption</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Catholic_Mariology" title="History of Catholic Mariology">History</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Immaculate_Conception" title="Immaculate Conception">Immaculate Conception</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mariology_of_the_popes" title="Mariology of the popes">Mariology of the popes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mariology_of_the_saints" title="Mariology of the saints">Mariology of the saints</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theotokos" title="Theotokos">Mother of God</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Perpetual_virginity_of_Mary" title="Perpetual virginity of Mary">Perpetual virginity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Veneration_of_Mary_in_the_Catholic_Church" title="Veneration of Mary in the Catholic Church">Veneration</a></li> <li>See also:</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Josephology" title="Josephology">Josephology</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:gold;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Christian_philosophy" title="Christian philosophy">Philosophy</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Natural_law" title="Natural law">Natural law</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catholic_moral_theology" title="Catholic moral theology">Moral theology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Personalism_(Catholic)" class="mw-redirect" title="Personalism (Catholic)">Personalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catholic_social_teaching" title="Catholic social teaching">Social teaching</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Catholic_philosophers_and_theologians" title="List of Catholic philosophers and theologians">Philosophers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philosophy,_theology,_and_fundamental_theory_of_Catholic_canon_law" title="Philosophy, theology, and fundamental theory of Catholic canon law">Philosophy of canon law</a></li> <li>See also:</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Science_and_the_Catholic_Church" title="Science and the Catholic Church">Science</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Evolution_and_the_Catholic_Church" title="Evolution and the Catholic Church">Evolution</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Separation_of_church_and_state" title="Separation of church and state">Separation of church and state</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Relations_between_the_Catholic_Church_and_the_state" title="Relations between the Catholic Church and the state">Relations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catholic_Church_and_politics" title="Catholic Church and politics">Politics</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:gold;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Saint_(Catholic)" class="mw-redirect" title="Saint (Catholic)">Saints</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Holy_Family" title="Holy Family">Holy Family</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mary,_mother_of_Jesus" title="Mary, mother of Jesus">Mary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint_Joseph" title="Saint Joseph">Joseph</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Patriarch" title="Patriarch">Patriarchs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prophets_of_Christianity" class="mw-redirect" title="Prophets of Christianity">Prophets</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Archangel" title="Archangel">Archangels</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_martyr" title="Christian martyr">Martyrs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Doctor_of_the_Church" title="Doctor of the Church">Doctors of the Church</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Four_Evangelists" title="Four Evangelists">Evangelists</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Confessor_of_the_Faith" title="Confessor of the Faith">Confessors</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Disciple_(Christianity)" title="Disciple (Christianity)">Disciples</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Virgin_(title)" title="Virgin (title)">Virgins</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:gold;width:1%">Organisation<br /><small><a href="/wiki/Hierarchy_of_the_Catholic_Church" title="Hierarchy of the Catholic Church">Hierarchy</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Canon_law_of_the_Catholic_Church" title="Canon law of the Catholic Church">Canon law</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Catholic_laity" title="Catholic laity">Laity</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Order_of_precedence_in_the_Catholic_Church" title="Order of precedence in the Catholic Church">Precedence</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Catholic_Church_by_country" title="Catholic Church by country">By country</a></small></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:gold;width:12em"><a href="/wiki/Holy_See" title="Holy See">Holy See</a><br />(<a href="/wiki/List_of_popes" title="List of popes">List of popes</a>)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pope" title="Pope">Pope</a> <a href="/wiki/Pope_Francis" title="Pope Francis">Francis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catholic_ecumenical_councils" title="Catholic ecumenical councils">Ecumenical councils</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/College_of_Cardinals" title="College of Cardinals">College</a> of <a href="/wiki/Cardinal_(Catholic_Church)" title="Cardinal (Catholic Church)">Cardinals</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_current_cardinals" title="List of current cardinals">List</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Council_of_Cardinal_Advisers" class="mw-redirect" title="Council of Cardinal Advisers">Advisers</a></li></ul></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Roman Curia</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dicastery" title="Dicastery">Dicasteries</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Synod_of_Bishops_in_the_Catholic_Church" title="Synod of Bishops in the Catholic Church">Synod of Bishops</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Properties_of_the_Holy_See" title="Properties of the Holy See">Properties</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:gold;width:12em"><a href="/wiki/Vatican_City" title="Vatican City">Vatican City</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Index_of_Vatican_City%E2%80%93related_articles" title="Index of Vatican City–related articles">Index</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Outline_of_Vatican_City" title="Outline of Vatican City">Outline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apostolic_Palace" title="Apostolic Palace">Apostolic Palace</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lateran_Treaty" title="Lateran Treaty">Lateran Treaty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roman_Rota" title="Roman Rota">Roman Rota</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St._Peter%27s_Basilica" title="St. Peter's Basilica">St. Peter's Basilica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swiss_Guard" title="Swiss Guard">Swiss Guard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vatican_Museums" title="Vatican Museums">Vatican Museums</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:gold;width:12em"><a href="/wiki/Ecclesiastical_polity" title="Ecclesiastical polity">Polity</a> (<a href="/wiki/Holy_orders_in_the_Catholic_Church" title="Holy orders in the Catholic Church">Holy orders</a>)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Catholic_dioceses_(structured_view)" title="List of Catholic dioceses (structured view)">Diocese</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Episcopal_conference" title="Episcopal conference">Episcopal conference</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eparchy#Church_hierarchy" title="Eparchy">Eparchy</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bishops_in_the_Catholic_Church" title="Bishops in the Catholic Church">Bishop</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Patriarch" title="Patriarch">Patriarch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Major_archbishop" title="Major archbishop">Major</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Primate_(bishop)" title="Primate (bishop)">Primate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Metropolitan_bishop" title="Metropolitan bishop">Metropolitan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Archbishop" title="Archbishop">Archbishop</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diocesan_bishop" title="Diocesan bishop">Diocesan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coadjutor_bishop" title="Coadjutor bishop">Coadjutor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Auxiliary_bishop" title="Auxiliary bishop">Auxiliary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Titular_bishop" title="Titular bishop">Titular</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pope_emeritus" class="mw-redirect" title="Pope emeritus">Emeritus</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parish_(Catholic_Church)" title="Parish (Catholic Church)">Parish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Priesthood_in_the_Catholic_Church" title="Priesthood in the Catholic Church">Priest</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deacon" title="Deacon">Deacon</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:gold;width:12em"><a href="/wiki/Consecrated_life" title="Consecrated life">Consecrated life</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Religious_(Western_Christianity)" title="Religious (Western Christianity)">Religious</a>:</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Superior_(hierarchy)" title="Superior (hierarchy)">Superior</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abbot" title="Abbot">Abbot</a>, <a href="/wiki/Abbess" title="Abbess">Abbess</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Superior_general_(Christianity)" title="Superior general (Christianity)">General</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Provincial_superior" title="Provincial superior">Provincial</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prior_(ecclesiastical)" title="Prior (ecclesiastical)">Prior, Prioress</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grand_master_(order)" title="Grand master (order)">Grand master</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religious_brother" title="Religious brother">Brother</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Friar" title="Friar">Friar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monk" title="Monk">Monk</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religious_sister" title="Religious sister">Sister</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Catholic_nun" class="mw-redirect" title="Catholic nun">Nun</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hermit" title="Hermit">Hermit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Novitiate" title="Novitiate">Novice</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Novice_master" title="Novice master">Master</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oblate" title="Oblate">Oblate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Postulant" title="Postulant">Postulant</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:gold;width:12em"><a href="/wiki/Catholic_particular_churches_and_liturgical_rites" title="Catholic particular churches and liturgical rites">Particular churches</a><br /><i><a href="/wiki/Sui_iuris" title="Sui iuris">sui iuris</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Latin_Church" title="Latin Church">Latin Church</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eastern_Catholic_Churches" title="Eastern Catholic Churches">Eastern Catholic Churches</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Albanian_Greek_Catholic_Church" title="Albanian Greek Catholic Church">Albanian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Armenian_Catholic_Church" title="Armenian Catholic Church">Armenian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Belarusian_Greek_Catholic_Church" title="Belarusian Greek Catholic Church">Belarusian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bulgarian_Greek_Catholic_Church" title="Bulgarian Greek Catholic Church">Bulgarian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chaldean_Catholic_Church" title="Chaldean Catholic Church">Chaldean</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coptic_Catholic_Church" title="Coptic Catholic Church">Coptic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greek_Catholic_Church_of_Croatia_and_Serbia" title="Greek Catholic Church of Croatia and Serbia">Croatian and Serbian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eritrean_Catholic_Church" title="Eritrean Catholic Church">Eritrean</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ethiopian_Catholic_Church" title="Ethiopian Catholic Church">Ethiopian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catholic_Church_in_Georgia" title="Catholic Church in Georgia">Georgian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greek_Byzantine_Catholic_Church" title="Greek Byzantine Catholic Church">Greek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hungarian_Greek_Catholic_Church" title="Hungarian Greek Catholic Church">Hungarian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Italo-Albanian_Catholic_Church" title="Italo-Albanian Catholic Church">Italo-Albanian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Macedonian_Greek_Catholic_Church" title="Macedonian Greek Catholic Church">Macedonian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maronite_Church" title="Maronite Church">Maronite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Melkite_Greek_Catholic_Church" title="Melkite Greek Catholic Church">Melkite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romanian_Greek_Catholic_Church" title="Romanian Greek Catholic Church">Romanian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_Greek_Catholic_Church" title="Russian Greek Catholic Church">Russian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ruthenian_Greek_Catholic_Church" title="Ruthenian Greek Catholic Church">Ruthenian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slovak_Greek_Catholic_Church" title="Slovak Greek Catholic Church">Slovak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Syriac_Catholic_Church" title="Syriac Catholic Church">Syriac</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Syro-Malabar_Catholic_Church" class="mw-redirect" title="Syro-Malabar Catholic Church">Syro-Malabar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Syro-Malankara_Catholic_Church" title="Syro-Malankara Catholic Church">Syro-Malankara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ukrainian_Greek_Catholic_Church" title="Ukrainian Greek Catholic Church">Ukrainian</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:gold;width:12em"><a href="/wiki/Catholic_liturgy" title="Catholic liturgy">Catholic liturgy</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Eastern_Catholic_liturgy" title="Eastern Catholic liturgy">Eastern Catholic liturgy</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alexandrian_liturgical_rites" title="Alexandrian liturgical rites">Alexandrian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antiochene_Rite" title="Antiochene Rite">Antiochian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Armenian_Rite" title="Armenian Rite">Armenian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Byzantine_Rite" title="Byzantine Rite">Byzantine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/East_Syriac_Rite" title="East Syriac Rite">East Syriac</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/West_Syriac_Rite" title="West Syriac Rite">West Syriac</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Malankara_Rite" title="Malankara Rite">Malankara</a></li></ul></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Latin_liturgical_rites" title="Latin liturgical rites">Latin</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ambrosian_Rite" title="Ambrosian Rite">Ambrosian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rite_of_Braga" title="Rite of Braga">Braga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mozarabic_Rite" title="Mozarabic Rite">Mozarabic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roman_Rite" title="Roman Rite">Roman</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mass_of_Paul_VI" title="Mass of Paul VI">Paul VI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tridentine_Mass" title="Tridentine Mass">Tridentine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anglican_Use" title="Anglican Use">Anglican</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zaire_Use" title="Zaire Use">Zaire</a></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:gold;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Catholic_culture" class="mw-redirect" title="Catholic culture">Culture</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Catholic_art" title="Catholic art">Art</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Marian_art_in_the_Catholic_Church" title="Marian art in the Catholic Church">Marian</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Catholic_artists" title="List of Catholic artists">Artists</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Catholic_writers" title="List of Catholic writers">Writers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lists_of_Catholic_church_buildings" title="Lists of Catholic church buildings">Church buildings</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Altarpiece" title="Altarpiece">Altarpieces</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Folk_Catholicism" title="Folk Catholicism">Folk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vatican_Library" title="Vatican Library">Library</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vatican_Museums" title="Vatican Museums">Museums</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Catholic_music" title="Category:Catholic music">Music</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orders,_decorations,_and_medals_of_the_Holy_See" title="Orders, decorations, and medals of the Holy See">Distinctions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Role_of_Christianity_in_civilization" title="Role of Christianity in civilization">Role in civilisation</a></li> <li>See also:</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Criticism_of_the_Catholic_Church" title="Criticism of the Catholic Church">Criticism of the Catholic Church</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anti-Catholicism" title="Anti-Catholicism">Anti-Catholicism</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:gold;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Category:Catholic_media" title="Category:Catholic media">Media</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Holy_See_Press_Office" title="Holy See Press Office">Holy See Press Office</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vatican_Media" title="Vatican Media">Vatican Media</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Vatican_News" title="Vatican News">Vatican News</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vatican_Television_Center" class="mw-redirect" title="Vatican Television Center">Vatican Television Center</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vatican_Radio" title="Vatican Radio">Vatican Radio</a></li></ul></li> <li>Vatican Polyglot Press</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/L%27Osservatore_Romano" title="L'Osservatore Romano">L'Osservatore Romano</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Acta_Apostolicae_Sedis" title="Acta Apostolicae Sedis">Acta Apostolicae Sedis</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Annuario_Pontificio" title="Annuario Pontificio">Annuario Pontificio</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:gold;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Religious_order_(Catholic)" title="Religious order (Catholic)">Religious orders</a>,<br /><a href="/wiki/Religious_institute" title="Religious institute">institutes</a>, <a href="/wiki/Society_of_apostolic_life" title="Society of apostolic life">societies</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Assumptionists" title="Assumptionists">Assumptionists</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Order_of_the_Annunciation_of_the_Blessed_Virgin_Mary" title="Order of the Annunciation of the Blessed Virgin Mary">Annonciades</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Augustinians" title="Augustinians">Augustinians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Order_of_Saint_Basil_the_Great" title="Order of Saint Basil the Great">Basilians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Benedictines" title="Benedictines">Benedictines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bethlehemites" title="Bethlehemites">Bethlehemites</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Order_of_the_Most_Holy_Annunciation" title="Order of the Most Holy Annunciation">Blue nuns</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Camaldolese" title="Camaldolese">Camaldoleses</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Camillians" title="Camillians">Camillians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carmelites" title="Carmelites">Carmelites</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carthusians" title="Carthusians">Carthusians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cistercians" title="Cistercians">Cistercians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Poor_Clares" title="Poor Clares">Clarisses</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conceptionists" title="Conceptionists">Conceptionists</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canons_Regular_of_the_Order_of_the_Holy_Cross" title="Canons Regular of the Order of the Holy Cross">Crosiers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dominican_Order" title="Dominican Order">Dominicans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Franciscans" title="Franciscans">Franciscans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Congregation_of_Our_Lady_of_Charity_of_the_Good_Shepherd" title="Congregation of Our Lady of Charity of the Good Shepherd">Good Shepherd Sisters</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hieronymites" title="Hieronymites">Hieronymites</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jesuits" title="Jesuits">Jesuits</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legionaries_of_Christ" title="Legionaries of Christ">Legionaries</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Order_of_the_Blessed_Virgin_Mary_of_Mercy" title="Order of the Blessed Virgin Mary of Mercy">Mercedarians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Order_of_Minims" title="Order of Minims">Minims</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Olivetans" title="Olivetans">Olivetans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oratory_of_Saint_Philip_Neri" title="Oratory of Saint Philip Neri">Oratorians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Piarists" title="Piarists">Piarists</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Premonstratensians" title="Premonstratensians">Premonstratensians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Redemptoristines" title="Redemptoristines">Redemptoristines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Servite_Order" title="Servite Order">Servites</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theatines" title="Theatines">Theatines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trappists" title="Trappists">Trappists</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trinitarians" title="Trinitarians">Trinitarians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Order_of_the_Visitation_of_Holy_Mary" title="Order of the Visitation of Holy Mary">Visitandines</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:gold;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Association_of_the_Christian_faithful" title="Association of the Christian faithful">Associations<br />of the faithful</a></th><td 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title="Catholic higher education">Universities</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="background-color:gold"><div> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:046CupolaSPietro.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/046CupolaSPietro.jpg/20px-046CupolaSPietro.jpg" decoding="async" width="17" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/046CupolaSPietro.jpg/40px-046CupolaSPietro.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Catholic_Church" title="Portal:Catholic Church">Catholic Church portal</a></li> <li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" 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rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1038841319" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1038841319" /></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q108169#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata3142" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q108169#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata3142" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q108169#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">International</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://isni.org/isni/0000000091367334">ISNI</a></span><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://isni.org/isni/0000000121967876">2</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Curia Romana"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://isni.org/isni/0000000404120325">3</a></span></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/133717252">VIAF</a></span><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/138611242">2</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/311025533">3</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/2163706490629420766">4</a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.worldcat.org/fast/572442/">FAST</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/2034643-8">Germany</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n82123664">United States</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb119813477">France</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb119813477">BnF data</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://nla.gov.au/anbd.aut-an35026612">Australia</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Katolická církev. Curia Romana"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=kn20081030002&CON_LNG=ENG">Czech Republic</a></span></span></li><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Iglesia Católica. Curia Romana"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://datos.bne.es/resource/XX151338">Spain</a></span></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://libris.kb.se/pm132tm75qzr027">Sweden</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a class="external text" href="https://wikidata-externalid-url.toolforge.org/?p=8034&url_prefix=https://opac.vatlib.it/auth/detail/&id=494/2273">Vatican</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nli.org.il/en/authorities/987007259432005171">Israel</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Església Catòlica. Curia Romana"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://cantic.bnc.cat/registre/981059737561006706">Catalonia</a></span></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Academics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ci.nii.ac.jp/author/DA01184973?l=en">CiNii</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">People</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://trove.nla.gov.au/people/800207">Trove</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Église catholique. 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