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Karger AG","ai_title_tag":"Snake Venom-Loaded Silica Nanoparticles Induce Breast Cancer Cell Death","grobid_abstract":"This is an Open Access article licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 3.0 Unported license (CC BY-NC) (www.karger.com/OA-license), applicable to the online version of the article only. 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Distribution permitted for non-commercial purposes only.</p><div class="ds-work-card--button-container"><button class="ds2-5-button js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"continue-reading-button--work-card","attachmentId":93326910,"attachmentType":"pdf","workUrl":"https://www.academia.edu/89539837/Increased_Susceptibility_to_Apoptosis_and_Growth_Arrest_of_Human_Breast_Cancer_Cells_Treated_by_a_Snake_Venom_Loaded_Silica_Nanoparticles"}">See full PDF</button><button class="ds2-5-button ds2-5-button--secondary js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"download-pdf-button--work-card","attachmentId":93326910,"attachmentType":"pdf","workUrl":"https://www.academia.edu/89539837/Increased_Susceptibility_to_Apoptosis_and_Growth_Arrest_of_Human_Breast_Cancer_Cells_Treated_by_a_Snake_Venom_Loaded_Silica_Nanoparticles"}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">download</span>Download PDF</button></div></div></div></div><div data-auto_select="false" data-client_id="331998490334-rsn3chp12mbkiqhl6e7lu2q0mlbu0f1b" data-doc_id="93326910" data-landing_url="https://www.academia.edu/89539837/Increased_Susceptibility_to_Apoptosis_and_Growth_Arrest_of_Human_Breast_Cancer_Cells_Treated_by_a_Snake_Venom_Loaded_Silica_Nanoparticles" data-login_uri="https://www.academia.edu/registrations/google_one_tap" data-moment_callback="onGoogleOneTapEvent" id="g_id_onload"></div><div class="ds-top-related-works--grid-container"><div class="ds-related-content--container ds-top-related-works--container"><h2 class="ds-related-content--heading">Related papers</h2><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="0" data-entity-id="79014046" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/79014046/Snake_Walterinnesia_aegyptia_venom_loaded_silica_nanoparticles_induce_apoptosis_and_growth_arrest_in_human_prostate_cancer_cells">Snake (Walterinnesia aegyptia) venom-loaded silica nanoparticles induce apoptosis and growth arrest in human prostate cancer cells</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="647581" href="https://aun.academia.edu/DouaaSayed">Douaa Sayed</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Apoptosis, 2012</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">Prostate cancer (PCa) is the most commonly diagnosed cancer in men. The progression and invasion of PCa are normally mediated by the overexpression of chemokine receptors (CKRs) and the interaction between CKRs and their cognate ligands. We recently demonstrated that venom extracted from Walterinnesia aegyptia (WEV) either alone or in combination with silica nanoparticles (WEV?NP) mediated the growth arrest and apoptosis of breast cancer cells. In the present study, we evaluated the impact of WEV alone and WEV?NP on the migration, invasion, proliferation and apoptosis of prostate cancer cells. We found that WEV alone and WEV?NP decreased the viability of all cell types tested (PCa cells isolated from patient samples, PC3 cells and LNCaP cells) using an MTT assay. The IC 50 values were determined to be 10 and 5 lg/mL for WEV alone and WEV?NP, respectively. WEV?NP decreased the surface expression of the CKRs CXCR3, CXCR4, CXCR5 and CXCR6 to a greater extent than WEV alone and subsequently reduced migration and the invasion response of the cells to the cognate ligands of the CKRs (CXCL10, CXCL12, CXCL13 and CXCL16, respectively). Using a CFSE proliferation assay, we found that WEV?NP strongly inhibited epidermal growth factormediated PCa cell proliferation. Furthermore, analysis of the cell cycle indicated that WEV?NP strongly altered the cell cycle of PCa cells and enhanced the induction of apoptosis. Finally, we demonstrated that WEV?NP robustly decreased the expression of anti-apoptotic effectors, such as B cell Lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2), B cell Lymphoma-extra large (Bcl-XL) and myeloid cell leukemia sequence-1 (Mcl-1), and increased the expression of proapoptotic effectors, such as Bcl-2 homologous antagonist/ killer (Bak), Bcl-2-associated X protein (Bax) and Bcl-2interacting mediator of cell death (Bim). WEV?NP also altered the membrane potential of mitochondria in the PCa cells. Our data reveal the potential of nanoparticle-sustained delivery of snake venom as effective treatments for prostate cancer.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Snake (Walterinnesia aegyptia) venom-loaded silica nanoparticles induce apoptosis and growth arrest in human prostate cancer cells","attachmentId":85878028,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/79014046/Snake_Walterinnesia_aegyptia_venom_loaded_silica_nanoparticles_induce_apoptosis_and_growth_arrest_in_human_prostate_cancer_cells","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/79014046/Snake_Walterinnesia_aegyptia_venom_loaded_silica_nanoparticles_induce_apoptosis_and_growth_arrest_in_human_prostate_cancer_cells"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="1" data-entity-id="107569482" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/107569482/Therapeutic_efficacy_and_molecular_mechanisms_of_snake_Walterinnesia_aegyptia_venom_loaded_silica_nanoparticles_in_the_treatment_of_breast_cancer_and_prostate_cancer_bearing_experimental_mouse_models">Therapeutic efficacy and molecular mechanisms of snake (Walterinnesia aegyptia) venom-loaded silica nanoparticles in the treatment of breast cancer- and prostate cancer-bearing experimental mouse models</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="37937429" href="https://independent.academia.edu/DannyRabah">Danny Rabah</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Free Radical Biology and Medicine, 2013</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">The treatment of drug-resistant cancer is a clinical challenge, and thus screening for novel anticancer drugs is critically important. We recently demonstrated a strong enhancement of the antitumor activity of snake (Walterinnesia aegyptia) venom (WEV) in vitro in breast carcinoma, prostate cancer, and multiple myeloma cell lines but not in normal cells when the venom was combined with silica nanoparticles (WEV+NP). In the present study, we investigated the in vivo therapeutic efficacy of WEV+NP in breast cancer-and prostate cancer-bearing experimental mouse models. Xenograft breast and prostate tumor mice models were randomized into 4 groups for each cancer model (10 mice per group) and were treated with vehicle (control), NP, WEV, or WEV+NP daily for 28 days post tumor inoculation. The tumor volumes were monitored throughout the experiment. On Day 28 post tumor inoculation, breast and prostate tumor cells were collected and either directly cultured for flow cytometry analysis or lysed for Western blot and ELISA analysis. Treatment with WEV+NP or WEV alone significantly reduced both breast and prostate tumor volumes compared to treatment with NP or vehicle alone. Compared to treatment with WEV alone, treatment of breast and prostate cancer cells with WEV+NP induced marked elevations in the levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS), hydroperoxides, and nitric oxide; robust reductions in the levels of the chemokines CXCL9, CXCL10, CXCL12, CXCL13, and CXCL16 and decreased surface expression of their cognate chemokine receptors CXCR3, CXCR4, CXCR5, and CXCR6; and subsequent reductions in the chemokine-dependent migration of both breast and prostate cancer cells. Furthermore, we found that WEV+NP strongly inhibited insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1)-and epidermal growth factor (EGF)-mediated proliferation of breast and prostate cancer cells, respectively, and enhanced the induction of apoptosis by increasing the activity of caspase-3,-8, and-9 in both breast and prostate cancer cells. In addition, treatment of breast and prostate cancer cells with WEV+NP or WEV alone revealed that the combination of WEV with NP robustly decreased the phosphorylation of AKT, ERK, and IκBα; decreased the expression of cyclin D1, surviving, and the antiapoptotic Bcl-2 family members Bcl-2, Bcl-XL , and Mcl-1; markedly increased the expression of cyclin B1 and the proapoptotic Bcl-2 family members Bak, Bax, and Bim; altered the mitochondrial membrane potential; and subsequently sensitized tumor cells to growth arrest. Our data reveal the therapeutic potential of the nanoparticle-sustained delivery of snake venom against different cancer cell types.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Therapeutic efficacy and molecular mechanisms of snake (Walterinnesia aegyptia) venom-loaded silica nanoparticles in the treatment of breast cancer- and prostate cancer-bearing experimental mouse models","attachmentId":106201847,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/107569482/Therapeutic_efficacy_and_molecular_mechanisms_of_snake_Walterinnesia_aegyptia_venom_loaded_silica_nanoparticles_in_the_treatment_of_breast_cancer_and_prostate_cancer_bearing_experimental_mouse_models","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/107569482/Therapeutic_efficacy_and_molecular_mechanisms_of_snake_Walterinnesia_aegyptia_venom_loaded_silica_nanoparticles_in_the_treatment_of_breast_cancer_and_prostate_cancer_bearing_experimental_mouse_models"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="2" data-entity-id="79014054" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/79014054/Silica_Nanoparticles_Sensitize_Human_Multiple_Myeloma_Cells_to_Snake_Walterinnesia_aegyptia_Venom_Induced_Apoptosis_and_Growth_Arrest">Silica Nanoparticles Sensitize Human Multiple Myeloma Cells to Snake (Walterinnesia aegyptia) Venom-Induced Apoptosis and Growth Arrest</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="647581" href="https://aun.academia.edu/DouaaSayed">Douaa Sayed</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity, 2012</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">Background. Multiple myeloma (MM), an almost incurable disease, is the second most common blood cancer. Initial chemotherapeutic treatment could be successful; however, resistance development urges the use of higher toxic doses accompanied by hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. The establishment of more effective treatments that can overcome or circumvent chemoresistance has become a priority. We recently demonstrated that venom extracted fromWalterinnesia aegyptia(WEV) either alone or in combination with silica nanoparticles (WEV+NPs) mediated the growth arrest and apoptosis of prostate cancer cells. In the present study, we evaluated the impact of WEV alone and WEV+NP on proliferation and apoptosis of MM cells.Methods. The impacts of WEV alone and WEV+NP were monitored in MM cells from 70 diagnosed patients. The influences of WEV and WEV+NP were assessed with flow cytometry analysis.Results. WEV alone and WEV+NP decreased the viability of MM cells. Using a CFSE proliferation ...</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Silica Nanoparticles Sensitize Human Multiple Myeloma Cells to Snake (Walterinnesia aegyptia) Venom-Induced Apoptosis and Growth Arrest","attachmentId":85877999,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/79014054/Silica_Nanoparticles_Sensitize_Human_Multiple_Myeloma_Cells_to_Snake_Walterinnesia_aegyptia_Venom_Induced_Apoptosis_and_Growth_Arrest","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/79014054/Silica_Nanoparticles_Sensitize_Human_Multiple_Myeloma_Cells_to_Snake_Walterinnesia_aegyptia_Venom_Induced_Apoptosis_and_Growth_Arrest"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="3" data-entity-id="90975111" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/90975111/Cytotoxicity_of_Silica_Nanoparticles_with_Transcaucasian_Nose_Horned_Viper_Vipera_ammodytes_transcaucasiana_Venom_on_U87MG_and_SHSY5Y_Neuronal_Cancer_Cells">Cytotoxicity of Silica Nanoparticles with Transcaucasian Nose-Horned Viper, Vipera ammodytes transcaucasiana, Venom on U87MG and SHSY5Y Neuronal Cancer Cells</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="11512568" href="https://yildiz.academia.edu/Cerenkececiler">Ceren kececiler</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Applied Biochemistry and Biotechnology, 2018</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">Highly bioactive compounds of the snake venom make them particular sources for anticancer agent development. They contain very rich peptide-protein structures. Therefore, they are very susceptible to environmental conditions such as temperature, pH, and light. In this study, Vipera ammodytes transcaucasiana venom was encapsulated in PAMAM-G4 dendrimer by sol-gel method in order to prevent degradation of venom contents from the environmental conditions. For this purpose, nanoparticles were prepared by sol-gel methodology and SEM analyses were performed. U87MG and SHSY5Y neuronal cancer cell lines were treated with different concentrations of venom-containing nanoparticles and cytotoxicity was determined by MTT assay. IC 50 values of nanoparticles with snake venom were calculated as 37.24 and 44.64 μg/ml for U87MG and SHSY5Y cells, respectively. The IC 50 values of nanoparticles with snake venom were calculated as 10.07 and 7.9 μg/ml for U87MG and SHSY5Y cells, respectively. As a result, nanoparticles with V. a. transcaucasiana venom showed remarkably high cytotoxicity. Encapsulation efficiency of nanoparticles with 1 mg/ml snake venom was determined as %67 via BCA™ protein analysis. In conclusion, this method is found to be convenient and useful for encapsulating snake venom as well as being suitable for drug delivery systems.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Cytotoxicity of Silica Nanoparticles with Transcaucasian Nose-Horned Viper, Vipera ammodytes transcaucasiana, Venom on U87MG and SHSY5Y Neuronal Cancer Cells","attachmentId":94390903,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/90975111/Cytotoxicity_of_Silica_Nanoparticles_with_Transcaucasian_Nose_Horned_Viper_Vipera_ammodytes_transcaucasiana_Venom_on_U87MG_and_SHSY5Y_Neuronal_Cancer_Cells","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/90975111/Cytotoxicity_of_Silica_Nanoparticles_with_Transcaucasian_Nose_Horned_Viper_Vipera_ammodytes_transcaucasiana_Venom_on_U87MG_and_SHSY5Y_Neuronal_Cancer_Cells"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="4" data-entity-id="107569481" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/107569481/Enhanced_anticancer_efficacy_of_snake_venom_combined_with_silica_nanoparticles_in_a_murine_model_of_human_multiple_myeloma_Molecular_targets_for_cell_cycle_arrest_and_apoptosis_induction">Enhanced anticancer efficacy of snake venom combined with silica nanoparticles in a murine model of human multiple myeloma: Molecular targets for cell cycle arrest and apoptosis induction</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="37937429" href="https://independent.academia.edu/DannyRabah">Danny Rabah</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Cellular Immunology, 2013</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">Enhanced anticancer efficacy of snake venom combined with silica nanoparticles in a murine model of human multiple myeloma: molecular targets for cell cycle arrest and apoptosis induction, Cellular Immunology (2013),</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Enhanced anticancer efficacy of snake venom combined with silica nanoparticles in a murine model of human multiple myeloma: Molecular targets for cell cycle arrest and apoptosis induction","attachmentId":106201819,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/107569481/Enhanced_anticancer_efficacy_of_snake_venom_combined_with_silica_nanoparticles_in_a_murine_model_of_human_multiple_myeloma_Molecular_targets_for_cell_cycle_arrest_and_apoptosis_induction","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/107569481/Enhanced_anticancer_efficacy_of_snake_venom_combined_with_silica_nanoparticles_in_a_murine_model_of_human_multiple_myeloma_Molecular_targets_for_cell_cycle_arrest_and_apoptosis_induction"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="5" data-entity-id="20513876" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/20513876/Induction_of_Apoptosis_and_Growth_Arrest_in_Human_Breast_Carcinoma_Cells_by_a_Snake_Walterinnesia_aegyptia_Venom_Combined_With_Silica_Nanoparticles_Crosstalk_Between_Bcl2_and_Caspase_3">Induction of Apoptosis and Growth Arrest in Human Breast Carcinoma Cells by a Snake ( Walterinnesia aegyptia ) Venom Combined With Silica Nanoparticles: Crosstalk Between Bcl2 and Caspase 3</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="33208" href="https://aun.academia.edu/GamalBadr">Gamal Badr</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Cellular Physiology and Biochemistry, 2012</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">We recently demonstrated that the snake venom extracted from Walterinnesia aegyptia (WEV) either alone or combined with silica nanoparticles (WEV+NP) enhanced the proliferation of mice immune cells and simultaneously decreased the proliferation of human breast carcinoma cell line (MDA-MB-231). However, the molecular mechanism of how this venom induced growth arrest of breast cancer cells has not been studied. In this context, we extended our study to evaluate the anti-tumor potential of WEV and WEV+NP on the human breast carcinoma cell lines MDA-MB-231 and MCF-7, as well as their effects on non-tumorigenic normal breast epithelial cells (MCF-10). The IC 50 values of WEV alone and WEV+NP in these cell lines were determined to be 50 ng/ml and 20 ng/ml, respectively. Interestingly, at these concentrations, the venom did not affect the viability of normal MCF-10 cells and treatment of all these cell lines with NP alone did not affect their viability. Using annexin-V binding assay followed by flow cytometry analysis, we found that combination of WEV with NP strongly induced apoptosis in MDA-MB-231 and MCF-7 cancer cells without significant effect on normal MCF-10 cells. Furthermore, we found that WEV+NP decreased the expression of Bcl2 and enhanced the activation of caspase 3 in MDA-MB-231 and MCF-7 cells. Most importantly, WEV+NP-treated breast cancer cells, but not normal MCF-10 cells, exhibited a significant (P<0.05) reduction in actin polymerization and cytoskeletal rearrangement in response to CXCL12. Our data reveal biological effects of WEV or WEV+NP and the underlying mechanisms to fight breast cancer cells.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Induction of Apoptosis and Growth Arrest in Human Breast Carcinoma Cells by a Snake ( Walterinnesia aegyptia ) Venom Combined With Silica Nanoparticles: Crosstalk Between Bcl2 and Caspase 3","attachmentId":41413159,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/20513876/Induction_of_Apoptosis_and_Growth_Arrest_in_Human_Breast_Carcinoma_Cells_by_a_Snake_Walterinnesia_aegyptia_Venom_Combined_With_Silica_Nanoparticles_Crosstalk_Between_Bcl2_and_Caspase_3","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/20513876/Induction_of_Apoptosis_and_Growth_Arrest_in_Human_Breast_Carcinoma_Cells_by_a_Snake_Walterinnesia_aegyptia_Venom_Combined_With_Silica_Nanoparticles_Crosstalk_Between_Bcl2_and_Caspase_3"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="6" data-entity-id="28082889" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/28082889/Walterinnesia_aegyptia_venom_combined_with_silica_nanoparticles_enhances_the_functioning_of_normal_lymphocytes_through_PI3K_AKT_NFB_and_ERK_signaling">Walterinnesia aegyptia venom combined with silica nanoparticles enhances the functioning of normal lymphocytes through PI3K/AKT, NFB and ERK signaling</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="52642667" href="https://independent.academia.edu/HumairaKhan17">Humaira Khan</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">Background: The toxicity of snake venom varies over time in some species. The venom of newborn and small juvenile snakes appears to be more potent than adults of the same species, and a bite from a snake that has not fed recently, such as one that has just emerged from hibernation, is more dangerous than one that has recently fed due to the larger volume of venom injected. Therefore, the potency of a snake's venom is typically determined using the LD 50 or IC 50 tests. In the present study, we evaluated the anti-tumor potential of snake venom from Walterinnesia aegyptia (WEV) on the human breast carcinoma cell line MDA-MB-231, as well as its effect on the normal mice peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs).</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Walterinnesia aegyptia venom combined with silica nanoparticles enhances the functioning of normal lymphocytes through PI3K/AKT, NFB and ERK signaling","attachmentId":48399312,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/28082889/Walterinnesia_aegyptia_venom_combined_with_silica_nanoparticles_enhances_the_functioning_of_normal_lymphocytes_through_PI3K_AKT_NFB_and_ERK_signaling","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/28082889/Walterinnesia_aegyptia_venom_combined_with_silica_nanoparticles_enhances_the_functioning_of_normal_lymphocytes_through_PI3K_AKT_NFB_and_ERK_signaling"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="7" data-entity-id="20513884" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/20513884/Walterinnesia_aegyptia_venom_combined_with_silica_nanoparticles_enhances_the_functioning_of_normal_lymphocytes_through_PI3K_AKT_NFkappaB_and_ERK_signaling">Walterinnesia aegyptia venom combined with silica nanoparticles enhances the functioning of normal lymphocytes through PI3K/AKT, NFkappaB and ERK signaling</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="33208" href="https://aun.academia.edu/GamalBadr">Gamal Badr</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Lipids in Health and Disease, 2012</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">Background: The toxicity of snake venom varies over time in some species. The venom of newborn and small juvenile snakes appears to be more potent than adults of the same species, and a bite from a snake that has not fed recently, such as one that has just emerged from hibernation, is more dangerous than one that has recently fed due to the larger volume of venom injected. Therefore, the potency of a snake's venom is typically determined using the LD 50 or IC 50 tests. In the present study, we evaluated the anti-tumor potential of snake venom from Walterinnesia aegyptia (WEV) on the human breast carcinoma cell line MDA-MB-231, as well as its effect on the normal mice peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs).</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Walterinnesia aegyptia venom combined with silica nanoparticles enhances the functioning of normal lymphocytes through PI3K/AKT, NFkappaB and ERK signaling","attachmentId":41413162,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/20513884/Walterinnesia_aegyptia_venom_combined_with_silica_nanoparticles_enhances_the_functioning_of_normal_lymphocytes_through_PI3K_AKT_NFkappaB_and_ERK_signaling","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/20513884/Walterinnesia_aegyptia_venom_combined_with_silica_nanoparticles_enhances_the_functioning_of_normal_lymphocytes_through_PI3K_AKT_NFkappaB_and_ERK_signaling"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="8" data-entity-id="82257623" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/82257623/The_Pro_Apoptotic_Effect_of_Silica_Nanoparticles_Depends_on_Their_Size_and_Dose_as_Well_as_the_Type_of_Glioblastoma_Cells">The Pro-Apoptotic Effect of Silica Nanoparticles Depends on Their Size and Dose, as Well as the Type of Glioblastoma Cells</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="34427092" href="https://independent.academia.edu/MarzannaCechowskapasko">Marzanna Cechowska-pasko</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 2021</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">Despite intensive investigations, nanoparticle-induced cellular damage is an important problem that has not been fully elucidated yet. Here, we report that silica nanoparticles (SiNPs) demonstrated anticancer influence on glioblastoma cells by the induction of apoptosis or necrosis. These effects are highly cell type-specific, as well as dependent on the size and dose of applied nanoparticles. Exposure of LN-18 and LBC3 cells to different sizes of SiNPs—7 nm, 5–15 nm, or 10–20 nm—at dosages, ranging from 12.5 to 1000 µg/mL, for 24 and 48 h reduced the viability of these cells. Treatment of LN-18 and LBC3 cells with 7 nm or 10–20 nm SiNPs at doses ≥50 µg/mL caused a strong induction of apoptosis, which is connected with an increase of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. The 5–15 nm SiNPs exhibited distinct behavior comparing to silica nanoparticles of other studied sizes. In contrast to LBC3, in LN-18 cells exposed to 5–15 nm SiNPs we did not observe any effect on...</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"The Pro-Apoptotic Effect of Silica Nanoparticles Depends on Their Size and Dose, as Well as the Type of Glioblastoma Cells","attachmentId":88024603,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/82257623/The_Pro_Apoptotic_Effect_of_Silica_Nanoparticles_Depends_on_Their_Size_and_Dose_as_Well_as_the_Type_of_Glioblastoma_Cells","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/82257623/The_Pro_Apoptotic_Effect_of_Silica_Nanoparticles_Depends_on_Their_Size_and_Dose_as_Well_as_the_Type_of_Glioblastoma_Cells"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="9" data-entity-id="83469842" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/83469842/Dose_dependent_cell_necrosis_induced_by_silica_nanoparticles">Dose-dependent cell necrosis induced by silica nanoparticles</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="32260642" href="https://independent.academia.edu/ArianePaschoal">Ariane Paschoal</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Toxicology in Vitro, 2019</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">This is a PDF file of an article that has undergone enhancements after acceptance, such as the addition of a cover page and metadata, and formatting for readability, but it is not yet the definitive version of record. This version will undergo additional copyediting, typesetting and review before it is published in its final form, but we are providing this version to give early visibility of the article. Please note that, during the production process, errors may be discovered which could affect the content, and all legal disclaimers that apply to the journal pertain.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Dose-dependent cell necrosis induced by silica nanoparticles","attachmentId":88801086,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/83469842/Dose_dependent_cell_necrosis_induced_by_silica_nanoparticles","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/83469842/Dose_dependent_cell_necrosis_induced_by_silica_nanoparticles"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div></div></div><div class="ds-sticky-ctas--wrapper js-loswp-sticky-ctas hidden"><div class="ds-sticky-ctas--grid-container"><div class="ds-sticky-ctas--container"><button class="ds2-5-button js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"continue-reading-button--sticky-ctas","attachmentId":93326910,"attachmentType":"pdf","workUrl":null}">See full PDF</button><button class="ds2-5-button ds2-5-button--secondary js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"download-pdf-button--sticky-ctas","attachmentId":93326910,"attachmentType":"pdf","workUrl":null}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">download</span>Download PDF</button></div></div></div><div class="ds-below-fold--grid-container"><div class="ds-work--container js-loswp-embedded-document"><div class="attachment_preview" data-attachment="Attachment_93326910" style="display: none"><div class="js-scribd-document-container"><div class="scribd--document-loading js-scribd-document-loader" style="display: block;"><img alt="Loading..." src="//a.academia-assets.com/images/loaders/paper-load.gif" /><p>Loading Preview</p></div></div><div style="text-align: center;"><div class="scribd--no-preview-alert js-preview-unavailable"><p>Sorry, preview is currently unavailable. You can download the paper by clicking the button above.</p></div></div></div></div><div class="ds-sidebar--container js-work-sidebar"><div class="ds-related-content--container"><h2 class="ds-related-content--heading">Related papers</h2><div class="ds-related-work--container js-related-work-sidebar-card" data-collection-position="0" data-entity-id="56712572" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-related-work-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/56712572/Silica_Nanoparticles_Can_Induce_Apoptosis_via_Dead_Receptor_and_Caspase_8_Pathway_on_A549_Cells">Silica Nanoparticles Can Induce Apoptosis via Dead Receptor and Caspase 8 Pathway on A549 Cells</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-related-work-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="87703434" href="https://independent.academia.edu/EgeR%C4%B1zaKarag%C3%BCr">Ege Rıza Karagür</a></div><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Silica Nanoparticles Can Induce Apoptosis via Dead Receptor and Caspase 8 Pathway on A549 Cells","attachmentId":71963316,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/56712572/Silica_Nanoparticles_Can_Induce_Apoptosis_via_Dead_Receptor_and_Caspase_8_Pathway_on_A549_Cells","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-related-work-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/56712572/Silica_Nanoparticles_Can_Induce_Apoptosis_via_Dead_Receptor_and_Caspase_8_Pathway_on_A549_Cells"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" 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